National University of Engineering

UNI

Methodological presentation

English II

Unit: I Cause and Effect

Teacher: Zela Lopez Martinez

Date: August 4 th to August 6th, 2022

Presentation # 2

Week # 1

OBJECTIVES:

. To identify the cause-and-effect relationship between two or more events, paragraph structure,
and appropriate use of subject-and-verb agreement, all of them necessary to analyze texts related
to their degree course.

To apply the rhetorical function of cause-and-effect, paragraph structure and correct use of verbs,
when analyzing events related to each other, found in texts of their major.

To ponder about environmental issues through the study of the rhetorical function of cause-and-
effect, showing a collaborative attitude in the study of the paragraph structure and the correct use
of the verbs so that an affective feedback can be created among all the students.

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 Graphics organizer:

What is a graphic organizer?

A graphic organizer is a visual representation or frame used to organize information. The purpose
of a graphic organizer is to help students by simplifying information and by stimulating thinking
skills.

When might a graphic organizer be used? 

Graphic organizers are generally used during the Guided

Reading Block as a Pre-reading/Post Reading. In Guided
Reading, graphic organizers establish prior knowledge,
activate schema, help students in making predictions, and
assess students' comprehension.

A graphic organizer visually depicts relationships between facts, concepts, or ideas. You can easily
find it in school because it is a pedagogical tool to provide a visual aid; they can use to examine
and show relationships in a text. Help students write well-organized summaries of a text; organize
their thoughts and ideas for answering questions, function as a pre-writing tool for essays, and
provide a visual display of information

Graphic organizers provide a visual connection with the text and explicit guidance in note-taking
and classifying information for recall. For this reason, graphic organizers are particularly effective
with content area or expository text. 

Also used in the Writing Block, graphic organizers help students plan for writing. Graphic
organizers provide a visual framework for details, comparisons, sequences, and interactions.

GRAPHIC ORGANIZERS

Is an outline a graphic organizer? 

Outlines and Graphic Organizers. An outline is a tool for planning and organizing information. It is

a sequential list of the main ideas that you will use in your paper and the information that
supports each of these ideas.

While Graphic Organizers are visual way of organizing ideas.

The Different Types of Graphic Organizers

 Circle Map Graphic Organizer. ...

 Spider Map Graphic Organizer. ...

 Idea Wheel Graphic Organizer. ...

 Idea Web Graphic Organizer. ...

 Concept Map Graphic Organizer. ...

 Venn Diagram Graphic Organizer. ...

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  Tree Chart Graphic Organizer. ...

 Organization Chart.

What is a concept map graphic organizer?

“A concept map is a type of graphic organizer used to represent knowledge of a topic, forge
connections between ideas and create visual illustrations of their understandings. Concept maps
begin with a main idea (or concept) and then branch out to show how that main idea can be
broken down into.

Graphic Organizers for Cause and Effect

•You can use graphic organizers to map the cause and effect pattern in texts.

•This way you will be able to visualize the various cause-effect relationships clearly.

Sometimes one cause may lead to several effects and those effects in turn become the cause of
another effect or implication.

One cause ----- Several effects

One cause ----- Several effects

Several causes ----- one effect

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Positive and negative effects (Fishbone) Causes ---- Problem ---- Effect

Cause ---- Event ---- Effect

Two or more kinds of causes can lead to different types of effect.

4
Fishbone diagrams are ideal for visualizing multiple information in different categories and aspects
of complex topic.

Six categories of causes --- one effect

Causes and effects in two levels

Causes and effects in two levels

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 Multiple causes ---- one effect

PERSUASIVE MAP FISHBONE

SIMPLE

SEQUENCE
HIERARCHICAL
GRAPHIC

6
V.

Read the following text: Serious causes of computer addiction and identify the effect chain
relationships, then, drawing up a graphic organizer about it.

Serious causes of computer addiction

Many teenagers who use the computers don’t seem realize

that sitting in front of the computer is harmful at all. The
electromagnetic waves from the computer-screen make our
brain cells get stiffen every second. Human eyes can also lose
its focus and get dehydrated easily because the ELF, VLF, RF
and MICROWAVE (types of injurious electromagnetic waves).
These harmful waves can cause headache, drop in eyesight, a
brain tumor and leucosis in the worst case. Moreover, sitting in
front of computer without exercising makes the teenager
unhealthy. But this is not the only harmful cause of computer
addiction.

1._________________________________________________________________

2.__________________________________________________________________

3.___________________________________________________________________

4.__________________________________________________________________

Watch the video>

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JeuFJ_Xlf54