KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY

Assumptions of the Kinetic Molecular Theory:

1. Gases are composed of molecules. The distances from one molecule to another are far greater than the molecules’ dimensions.
2. Gas molecules are in constant, random motion and frequently collide with one another. The collisions are perfectly elastic.
3. Attractive and repulsive forces between gas molecules are so weak that they are considered to be insignificant.
4. The average kinetic energy of gas molecules is directly related to its temperature.
AVOGADRO’S LAW- Amedeo Avogadro (1776-1856). States that the volume of a gas is DIRECTLY RELATED to the number of moles when
both pressure and temperature are held constant.

Sample Problem:
A 1.2 L sample of gas is determined to contain 0.07 mole of nitrogen. At the same temperature and pressure, what amount would
there be in a 20 L sample?
Given: V1 = 1.2 L N1 = 0.07 mole
V2 = 20 L N2 = ?

IDEAL GAS LAW- Benoit Paul Emile Clapeyron (1799-1864). It is a combination of the three laws (Boyle’s, Charles’s, Avogadro’s). The ideal
gas laws based on experimental measurements of the properties of gases.
PV = Nrt
P = Pressure in atmospheres
V = Volume in liters
n = amout of gas in moles
T = temperature in kelvin
R = universal gas constant equal to 0.0821 atm.L/mol.K
Sample Problem:
6.5 liters of an ideal gas is contained at 2.9 atm and 2.90C atm and 270C. How many moles of this gas are present?
KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY
Assumptions of the Kinetic Molecular Theory:
1. Gases are composed of molecules. The distances from one molecule to another are far greater than the molecules’ dimensions.
2. Gas molecules are in constant, random motion and frequently collide with one another. The collisions are perfectly elastic.
3. Attractive and repulsive forces between gas molecules are so weak that they are considered to be insignificant.
4. The average kinetic energy of gas molecules is directly related to its temperature.
AVOGADRO’S LAW- Amedeo Avogadro (1776-1856). States that the volume of a gas is DIRECTLY RELATED to the number of moles when
both pressure and temperature are held constant.

Sample Problem:
A 1.2 L sample of gas is determined to contain 0.07 mole of nitrogen. At the same temperature and pressure, what amount would
there be in a 20 L sample?
Given: V1 = 1.2 L N1 = 0.07 mole
V2 = 20 L N2 = ?

IDEAL GAS LAW- Benoit Paul Emile Clapeyron (1799-1864). It is a combination of the three laws (Boyle’s, Charles’s, Avogadro’s). The ideal
gas laws based on experimental measurements of the properties of gases.
PV = Nrt
P = Pressure in atmospheres
V = Volume in liters
n = amout of gas in moles
T = temperature in kelvin
R = universal gas constant equal to 0.0821 atm.L/mol.K
Sample Problem:
6.5 liters of an ideal gas is contained at 2.9 atm and 2.90C atm and 270C. How many moles of this gas are present?
KINETIC MOLECULAR THEORY
Assumptions of the Kinetic Molecular Theory:
1. Gases are composed of molecules. The distances from one molecule to another are far greater than the molecules’ dimensions.
2. Gas molecules are in constant, random motion and frequently collide with one another. The collisions are perfectly elastic.
3. Attractive and repulsive forces between gas molecules are so weak that they are considered to be insignificant.
4. The average kinetic energy of gas molecules is directly related to its temperature.
AVOGADRO’S LAW- Amedeo Avogadro (1776-1856). States that the volume of a gas is DIRECTLY RELATED to the number of moles when
both pressure and temperature are held constant.

Sample Problem:
A 1.2 L sample of gas is determined to contain 0.07 mole of nitrogen. At the same temperature and pressure, what amount would
there be in a 20 L sample?
Given: V1 = 1.2 L N1 = 0.07 mole
V2 = 20 L N2 = ?

IDEAL GAS LAW- Benoit Paul Emile Clapeyron (1799-1864). It is a combination of the three laws (Boyle’s, Charles’s, Avogadro’s). The ideal
gas laws based on experimental measurements of the properties of gases.
PV = Nrt
P = Pressure in atmospheres
V = Volume in liters
n = amout of gas in moles
T = temperature in kelvin
R = universal gas constant equal to 0.0821 atm.L/mol.K
Sample Problem:
6.5 liters of an ideal gas is contained at 2.9 atm and 2.90C atm and 270C. How many moles of this gas are present?