TRADITIONAL

FILIPINO GAMES

Maricris B. Guzman, LPT, MST

Instructor
LUKSONG TINIK
- is a popular game in the Philippines.

- It is originated in Cabanutauan City, Philippines,

played by two teams with equal numbers of
players.

- Each team designates a leader,

the nanay (mother), while the rest of the players
are called anak (children).

- The players chosen to be nanay are usually the

ones who can jump the highest. The game
involves players sitting on the ground and other
players jumping over parts of their body.
 YOYO
- was used by 16th century hunters in the Philippines.
They would throw a rock attached on a 20-foot long
rope or string at an animal's legs.

- Because of the weight of the stone, the rope would get

entangled in the animal's legs which would allow the
hunter to close in for a kill.

- Pedro Edralin Flores is widely considered as the

first yo-yo maker in the US and with his Flores yo-yo
created the start of an international craze.
 PIKO
- is the Philippine variation of the game hopscotch.

- The players stand behind the edge of a box, and each

should throw their cue ball.

- The first to play is determined depending on the

players' agreement (e.g. nearest to the moon, wings or
chest).

- Whoever succeeds in throwing the cue ball nearest to

the place that they have agreed upon will play first.
The next nearest is second, and so on. The person is out
for the round if they stand with both feet.
PATINTERO
- is a Filipino game also known as tubigan.
- The object of the game is to block (harang)
the other team’s players from passing.
- The playing court is shaped like a long box
divided into three parts, with a center wall
running across.
- For as long as anyone can remember, the
lines for the patintero court have been
drawn with water.
BAHAY- BAHAYAN
- players make imaginary houses using
materials like curtains, spare woods,
ropes, or other things that can be used
to build the houses.

- They will assign each individual what

they wanted to be, and then act as if it
is real.
 BAHAY KUBO
- is a traditional Tagalog Filipino folk song credited
to have been written by 1997 National Artist for
Music Leon, that has been passed down through
generations.

- The song is about a Bahay Kubo, a house made

of bamboo with a roof of nipa leaves, surrounded
by different kind of vegetables, which was usually
sang by Filipino school children and as familiar as
the Alphabet Song and Twinkle Twinkle Little
Star of the Western kids.

- It is well known by Filipinos of all ages.

 SUNGKA
- Southeast Asian mancalas are a subtype of mancala games
predominantly found in Southeast Asia.
- They are known as congka or congklak in Indonesia,
congkak in Malaysia and Brunei and sungka in the
Philippines.
- They differ from other mancala games in that the player's
store is included in the placing of the seeds. Like other
mancalas, they vary widely in terms of the rules and number
of holes used.
- The oldest mancala game boards were found in a ruined fort
of Roman Egypt and date back to the 4th century AD. The
original route of dispersal of mancalas into Southeast Asia is
unknown. It may have originally entered Southeast Asia
via Austronesian trading routes with South Asia.
TONG-ITS / TONGITS
- is a 3 player rummy type of game that gained
popularity in the 1990s in Luzon, the largest island of
the Philippines.
- This game is played using the standard deck of
52 cards.
- Its origin remains unknown but it was believed to
have been popularized by the Ilocanos, and which
was first played in Pangasinan in the mid 1980's
which they call "Tung-it".
- The game rules and the very name can be
associated with the American card game, Tonk, and
also share its similarities of Mahjong and Poker.
PUSOY / PUSOY DOS
- (or Filipino poker, also known
as chikicha or sikitcha), a variation of big two,
is a popular type of "shedding" card game with
origins in the Philippines.

- The object of the game is to be the first to

discard one's hand by playing them to the
table. If one cannot be first to play all cards,
then the aim is to have as few cards as possible.

- Cards can be played separately or in certain

combinations using poker hand rankings.
Games of Pusoy Dos can be played by three or
four people.
ACTIVITY
INDIGENOUS GROUPS
1. IVATANS
 Ivatans are a Filipino ethno-linguistic group predominant in the islands
of Batanes of the Philippines.

 Their ethno-genesis is unclear; their origins remain untraceable among

scholars, but they are known to be an Austronesian group, related to
neighboring Ilocanos on purely linguistic basis.

 The culture of the Ivatans is partly influenced by the environmental

condition of Batanes. Unlike the old-type nipa huts common in the
Philippines, Ivatans have adopted their now-famous stone houses made
of coral and limestone, designed to protect against the hostile climate.
2. IGOROTS
 Igorots (Tagalog for 'mountaineer') are any of various ethnic groups in
the mountains of northern Luzon, Philippines, all of whom keep, or
have kept until recently, their traditional religion and way of life.

 Some live in the tropical forests of the foothills, but most live in rugged
grassland and pine forest zones higher up. The Igorot numbered about
1.5 million in the early 21st century.

 Their languages belong to the northern Luzon subgroup of the

Philippine languages, which belong to the Austronesian (Malayo-
Polynesian) family.
 The Igorots may be roughly divided into two general subgroups: the
larger group lives in the south, central and western areas, and is very
adept at rice-terrace farming; the smaller group lives in the east and
north.

 Prior to Spanish colonization of the islands, the peoples now included

under the term did not consider themselves as belonging to a single,
cohesive ethnic group.
3. BONTOC
 Bontoc live on the banks of the Chico River in the Central Mountain
Province on the island of Luzon.

 They speak Bontoc and Ilocano. They formerly practiced head-

hunting and had distinctive body tattoos.

 The Bontoc describe three types of tattoos: The chak-lag′, the tattooed
chest of the head taker; pong′-o, the tattooed arms of men and
women; and fa′-tĕk, for all other tattoos of both sexes. Women were
tattooed on the arms only.
4. IBALOI
 (also Ibaloi, Ibaluy, Nabaloi, Inavidoy, Inibaloi, Ivadoy) and
Kalanguya (also Kallahan and Ikalahan) are one of the ed in the
Cordillera of northern Luzon, and Nueva Vizcaya in the Cagayan
Valley region.

 They were traditionally an agrarian society.

 Many of the Ibaloi and Kalanguya people continue with their

agriculture and rice cultivation.
5. IFUGAOS
 Ifugaos are the people inhabiting Ifugao Province. They come from the
municipalities of Lagawe (Capital Town), Aguinaldo, Alfonso Lista, Asipulo,
Banaue, Hingyon, Hungduan, Kiangan, Lamut, Mayoyao and Tinoc.

 The term "Ifugao" is derived from "ipugo" which means "earth people",
"mortals" or "humans", as distinguished from spirits and deities. It also
means "from the hill", as pugo means hill.

 The province of Ifugao in the southeastern part of the Cordillera region is

best known for its famous Banaue Rice Terraces, which in modern times
have become one of the major tourist attractions of the Philippines and one
of the eight wonders of the world.
 Traditionally, Ifugaos build their typical houses (bale), consisting of
one room, built on 4 wooden posts 3 meters off the ground.

 There is a detachable ladder (tete) for the front door (panto).

Huts are temporary buildings.

 Rice granaries are called alang, protected by a wooden idol (bulul).

6. ISNAG/ ISNEG/ APAYAO
 Isnags live at the northwesterly end of northern Luzon, in the upper half of
the Cordillera province of Apayao.
 The term "Isneg" derives from itneg, meaning inhabitants of the Tineg River.
 Apayao derives from the battle cry Ma-ap-ay-ao as their hand is clapped
rapidly over their mouth.
 They may also refer to themselves as Imandaya if they live upstream,
or Imallod if they live downstream.
 The municipalities in the Isneg domain include Pudtol, Kabugao, Calanasan,
Flora, Conner, Sta. Marcela, and Luna. Two major river systems, the Abulog
River and the Apayao River, run through Isnag country.
 Jars of basi are half buried in the ground within a small
shed, abulor, constructed of 4 posts and a shed.

 This abulor is found within the open space, linong or sidong,

below their houses (balay). They grow upland rice, while also
practicing swidden farming, and fishing.

 Say-am was an important ceremony after a successful

headhunting, or other important occasions, hosted by the wealthy,
and lasting one to five days or more.
 Dancing, singing, eating and drinking mark the feast, and Isnegs wear
their finest clothes.

 The shaman, Anituwan, prays to the spirit Gatan, before the first dog is
sacrificed, if a human head had not been taken, and offered at the sacred
tree, ammadingan.

 On the last day, a coconut is split in honor of the headhunter guardian,

Anglabbang.The Pildap is an equivalent say-am but hosted by the poor.
Conversion to Christianity grew after 1920, and today, the Isnegs are
divided in their religious beliefs, with some still being animistic.
7. KALINGA
 Kalinga also known as "iKalingas", inhabit the drainage basin of the middle
Chico River in Kalinga Province.

 The Kalinga are sub-divided into Southern and Northern groups; the latter is
considered the most heavily ornamented people of the northern Philippines.

 The Kalinga practice both wet and dry rice farming. They also developed an
institution of peace pacts called Bodong which has minimised traditional
warfare and headhunting and serves as a mechanism for the initiation,
maintenance, renewal and reinforcement of kinship and social ties.
 They also speak different kalinga tribal languages, Ilocano, Tagalog
and English Kalinga, Ilocano languages.

 Kalinga society is very kinship-oriented, and relatives are held

responsible for avenging any injury done to a member.

 Disputes are usually settled by the regional leaders, who listen to all
sides and then impose fines on the guilty party. These are not
formal council meetings, but carry a good deal of authority.
8. KANKANAEY
 The Kankanaey live in the upland areas of Benguet province and belong to the tribal
group called "Igorots" . They are one of the larger tribes the region.

 The Kankanaey build rice terraces which have become sufficient sources of food.
The staple foods of the Kankanaey are camote, rice, potatoes, and other root crops
like tugi and gabi.

 Kankanaey houses include the two-story innagamang, the larger binangi, the
cheaper tinokbob, and the elevated tinabla. Their granaries (agamang) are elevated
to avoid rats. Two other institutions of the Kankanaey of Mountain Province are the
dap-ay, the men's dormitory and civic center, and the ebgan, the girls' dormitory.
9. LUMAD
 Lumad are a group of Austronesian indigenous people in the
southern Philippines. It is a Cebuano term meaning "native" or
"indigenous".

 The term is short for Katawhang Lumad (Literally: "indigenous

people"), the autonym officially adopted by the delegates of the
Lumad Mindanao Peoples Federation (LMPF) founding assembly on
26 June 1986 at the Guadalupe Formation Center,
Balindog, Kidapawan, Cotabato, Philippines.

 It is the self-ascription and collective identity of the indigenous

peoples of Mindanao.
o January
o Kalibo, Aklan

o Ati-Atihan festival is regarded as the granddaddy of all

festivities in the Philippines, and for a good reason.

o This religious festivity is one of the oldest Philippine

celebrations and is widely touted as the best and biggest
Mardi Gras in the country.

o The celebration takes a whole week, reaching its peak on

the third Sunday of the New Year.
o There`s usually a frenzied parade on the streets where
celebrants with colorfully painted faces and indigenous
costumes come out for a fun-filled march along the streets of
Kalibo, Aklan.

o The highlights of this popular celebration include

mesmerizing tribal dances, loud dram beats and Catholic
rituals. Even if you only prefer to watch the proceedings from
a distance, the experience is still truly memorable.

o It`s a mix of ingenious drama and religious ritual that has

no equal.
o January
o Cebu City

o Street dance of Queen city of the South, Sinulog is

celebrated as a tribute to the beloved patron of Cebuano.

o Sinulog is derived from the Cebuano word "like the

flowing water."

o The celebration includes bazaar, arts and cultural

performances, procession and parade, the Queen of
Sinulog, and the colorful spectacular fireworks.
o The Sinulog Festival is an annual cultural and religious festival held
on the third Sunday of January in Cebu City, and is the center of
the Santo Niño celebration in the Philippines. It lasts for nine days.

o On April 15, 1521, the Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan

arrived and planted the cross on the shores of Cebu, claiming the
territory for Spain.

o He presented the image of the child Jesus, the Rajah Humabon.

Hara Humamay (or Amihan in some versions) was later named,
Queen Juana in honor of Juana, mother of Carlos I. Along with the
rulers of the island, some 800 natives were also baptized to the
Roman Catholic Church.

o At the moment of receiving the holy image, it was said that Queen
Juana danced with joy bearing this image of the child Jesus. With
the other natives following her example, this moment was regarded
as the first Sinulog.
o January
o Iloilo City

o Dinagyang is a religious and cultural festival in Iloilo City,

Philippines held on the 4th Sunday of January, or right after the
Sinulog in Cebu and the Ati-Atihan Festival in Kalibo, Aklan.

o Dinagyang was also voted as the Best Tourism event three times
in a row among any other festivals in the Philippines. (2006, 2007,
2008)

o It is also the most awarded festival in the country, because of its

legacy, popularity and innovation. it receives an honor and
regarded as World Class Festival and dubbed as the "Queen of all
festivals" in the Philippines.
o Dinagyang began after Rev. Fr. Ambrosio Galindez, the
first Filipino Rector of the Agustinian Community and
Parish Priest of the San Jose Parish introduced the
devotion to Santo Niño in November 1967 after observing
the Ati-Atihan Festival in the province of Aklan.

o On 1968, a replica of the original image of the Santo Niño

de Cebu was brought to Iloilo by Fr. Sulpicio Enderez
of Cebu as a gift to the Parish of San Jose.

o The faithful, led by members of Confradia del Santo

Niño de Cebu, Iloilo Chapter, worked to give the image
a fitting reception starting at the Iloilo Airport and
parading down the streets of Iloilo.
o In the beginning, the observance of the feast was confined
to the parish. The Confradia patterned the celebration on
the Ati-atihan of Ibajay, Aklan, where natives dance in
the streets, their bodies covered with soot and ashes, to
simulate the Atis dancing to celebrate the sale of Panay.
It was these tribal groups who were the prototype of the
present festival.

o In 1977, the Marcos government ordered the various

regions of the Philippines to come up with festivals or
celebrations that could boost tourism and development.

o The City of Iloilo readily identified the Iloilo Ati-atihan as

its project. At the same time the local parish could no
longer handle the growing challenges of the festival.
o Dinagyang was voted as the best Tourism Event for
2006, 2007 and 2008 by the Association of
Tourism Officers in the Philippines.

o It is one of few festivals in the world to get the

support of the United Nations for the promotion of
the Millennium Development Goals, and cited by
the Asian Development Bank as Best Practice on
government, private sector & NGO cooperatives.
o February
o Baguio City

o It is a month-long annual flower occasion occurring

in Baguio City.

o The term is of Kankanaey origin, meaning "season of

blooming".

o The festival, held in February, was created as a

tribute to the city's flowers and as a way to rise up
from the devastation of the 1990 Luzon earthquake.
o The festival includes floats that are covered mostly with flowers not
unlike those used in Pasadena's Rose Parade.

o The festival also includes street dancing, presented by dancers clad

in flower-inspired costumes that are inspired by the Bendian, an
Ibaloi dance of celebration that came from the Cordilleras.

o Aside from boosting the economy through tourism, the festival also
helped the younger generation of indigenous people to rediscover
their culture's old traditions.

o The indigenous people were first wary with government-led tourism

because of the threat that they will interfere or change their
communities' rituals.
o The Bases Conversion Development Authority (BCDA), in
collaboration with the John Hay Poro Point Development
Corporation's (JPDC) annual Camp John Hay Art Contest, gave its
official logo from one of the entries: a spray of indigenous
sunflowers from an artwork submitted by Trisha Tabangin, a
student of the Baguio City National High School.

o The festival was set in February to boost tourism as it was

considered as a time of inactivity between the busy days of
Christmas season and the Holy Week and the summer season.

o On 1996, archivist and curator Ike Picpican suggested that the

festival be renamed as Panagbenga, a Kankanaey term that means
"a season of blossoming, a time for flowering".

o On February 2020, the festival was initially postponed due to the

threat of COVID-19, it was later then cancelled on March 2020.
o February-March
o Malaybalay City, Bukidnon

o It is an ethnic cultural festival held annually in Malaybalay

City, Bukidnon in the Philippines from the second half of
February to March 10, the anniversary date of the
foundation of Bukidnon as a province in 1917.

o It is held to celebrate the culture and tradition of the seven

ethnic tribal groups—Bukidnon, Higaonon, Talaandig,
Manobo, Matigsalug, Tigwahanon and Umayamnon—that
originally inhabit the province.

o It is the only authentic ethnic festival in the Philippines.

o Kaamulan comes from the Binukid word “amul” meaning
to gather.

o Kaamulan is gathering for a purpose: a datuship ritual,

a wedding ceremony, a thanksgiving festival during
harvest time, a peace pact.

o Kaamulan started as a festival on May 15, 1974, during

the fiesta celebration of the then municipality of
Malaybalay.

o A town official thought of inviting some indigenous people

to town and made them perform a few dance steps at Plaza
Rizal to enliven the fiesta celebration.
o The celebration however proved very popular and together
with national coverage the Kaamulan festival has become the
regional festival of Northern Mindanao, as declared by the
Regional Development Council of Region 10 on September 16,
1977.

o Kaamulan was formerly held in the first week of September

but in 1996, it was transferred to the present date to
synchronize it with the foundation celebration of the province
until in 2014 it was moved to the month of August in light of
the 100th Founding Anniversary of Bukidnon.

o The festival was cited for having a great potential to be

included in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists.
o February
o Laoag City, Ilocos Norte

o It came from the name of a woman made popular in the popular

Ilocano folk song Pamulinawen. The festival is celebrated in the city
of Laoag, Ilocos Norte to promote camaraderie and
sportsmanship.

o The festival is celebrated in Laoag, Ilocos Norte, Philippines to

commemorate the city's patron saint Saint William every first week
of February for one whole week. From a simple celebration of the
Feast Day of Saint William, it became an extravagant festival that
features the culture and heritage of the city with a variety of
activities.

o The celebration of the feast of Saint William in the city of Laoag dates
back to the Spanish colonization of the Philippines. The feast of Saint
William was celebrated marking the conversion of the Ilocanos.
o March
o Davao City

o Araw ng dabaw, also

known as Davao City
foundation day, is a week-
long celebration that
culminates every 16th of
March.

o It is marked with a socio-

civic and military parade,
sports competitions and
fireworks.
o Holy week, March or April
o Marinduque

o It is lenten rites held annually on Holy Week on the island of

Marinduque, Philippines. The "Moriones" are men and women in
costumes and masks replicating the garb of biblical Roman
soldiers as interpreted by local folks.

o The Moriones or Moryonan tradition has inspired the creation of

other festivals in the Philippines where cultural practices or folk
history is turned into street festivals.

o It is a colorful festival celebrated on the island of Marinduque in the

Philippines.

o The participants use morion masks to depict the Roman soldiers and
Syrian mercenaries within the story of the Passion of the Christ. The
mask was named after the 16th and 17th century Morion helmet.
o The Moriones refers to the masked and costumed penitents who
march around the town for seven days searching for Longinus.
Morions roam the streets in town from Holy Monday to Easter
Sunday scaring the kids, or engaging in antics or surprises to
draw attention. This is a folk-religious festival that re-enacts the
story of Saint Longinus, a Roman centurion who was blind in one
eye.

o The festival is characterized by colorful Roman costumes,

painted masks and helmets, and brightly colored tunics.

o The towns of Boac, Gasan, Santa Cruz, Buenavista and Mogpog in

the island of Marinduque become one gigantic stage. The
observances form part of the Lenten celebrations of Marinduque.
o The various towns also hold the unique tradition of the pabasa
or the recitation of Christ's passion in verse. Then at three
o'clock on Good Friday afternoon, the Santo Sepulcro is
observed, whereby old women exchange verses based on the Bible
as they stand in wake of the dead Christ.

o One of the highlights of this festival is the Via Crucis. A re-

enactment of the suffering of Christ on his way to the
calvary.

o Men inflict suffering upon them by whipping their backs, carrying

a wooden cross and sometimes even crucifixion. They see this
act as their form of atonement for their sins.
o February
o Legazpi City, Albay

o It is a yearly celebration derived from the legend of the Mayon

Volcano to honor the province’s bounty and beauty.

o The festival is held in Legazpi City of the Albay province on

Bicol island.

o The most spectacular thing about this festival is that it blends

the culture, religion as well as the rich heritage of the locals in
Albay, Philippines. For those who have long been fascinated by
the culture of the Filipinos, there is no better way to immerse
one in the lifestyle locals.
o Daragang Magayon Festival

 The reason for this celebration dates back to ancient days following the
death of the love-struck woman, Daragang Magayon. Folklore has it that
the death of the beautiful woman resulted in the creation of the Mayon
Volcano. The floating clouds, the locals believe, are symbolic of the
spirit of Daragang’s lover.

 Little wonder the name of the festival, Magayon Festival, is actually

derived from a local word that means ‘beautiful’.

 During the celebrations, the streets come alive with the presence of diverse
cultural events where the locals showcase their traditional way of life.

 The great thing about this festival is that it lasts for at least two weeks. It
usually begins in the middle of February, and closes on the last day
of the month. This means you have plenty of time to join in the festivities,
and meet the locals of the Albay province.
o May
o Lucban, Quezon

o Every May 15, the townsfolk of Lucban, Quezon, don their houses
with fruits, vegetables and colorful kiping (a leaf-shaped wafer made
of rice and dyed with food coloring) in celebration of the Pahiyas
Festival.

o The word ‘pahiyas’ was derived from the word ‘payas’, which
means decoration or to decorate.

o The reason behind such practice dates back to the 15th century,
when farmers used to offer their harvests at the foot of Mount
Banahaw. Over time, they brought their farm produce at the church
in honor of the town’s patron saint – St. Isidore the Laborer, who
is the patron saint of farmers, laborers and peasants.
o During that time, farmers would bring their harvest to the town
church and the parish priest would bless them as a way to give
thanks to the Lord for their bountiful harvest. But as time
progressed, the church can no longer accommodate all harvests. It
was then agreed upon for the harvests to be displayed in the
farmers’ houses instead. Thus, the parish priest would go around
the community to bless their harvests.

o Locals believe that keeping the tradition alive was essential

because it brought them away from deprivation and misfortune in
their town.

o In May 1963, what was originally a pagan festival transformed into

the colorful, grand festival that Filipinos know today.
o Apart from holding a competition that chooses the house with
the most creative design, the festival also included cultural
shows, various contests, parades and exhibits that would boost
the tourist of the town of Lucban.

o It was the idea of the Art Club of Lucban’s Founder and

President Fernando Cadeliña Nañawa.

o Instead of just putting the agricultural harvest in front of their

door steps, the facade of each participating house also put
commercial products such as hats, abaniko or hand-held fans,
mats, bags, the famous Lucban longganisa (Filipino-style
sausages) and of course, the kiping.
o Apart from holding a competition that chooses the house with the most
creative design, the festival also included cultural shows, various contests,
parades and exhibits that would boost the tourist of the town of Lucban.

o It was the idea of the Art Club of Lucban’s Founder and President Fernando
Cadeliña Nañawa.

o Instead of just putting the agricultural harvest in front of their door steps,
the facade of each participating house also put commercial products such
as hats, abaniko or hand-held fans, mats, bags, the famous Lucban
longganisa (Filipino-style sausages) and of course, the kiping.

o The highlight of the Pahiyas Festival comes after the town’s procession
where the spirited tradition of ‘Kalas’ takes place.

o The term literally means to romp away the harvests and decorations from
the houses as a symbol of joy and merriment. Indeed, the Pahiyas Festival
has become one of the most-sought after festivals across the Philippines,
luring in locals from nearby towns and even tourists from other countries.
o April
o Calapan City, Misamis Oriental

o It is a week-long celebration every April 21-27 at Calapan

City, Misamis Oriental.

o Sanduguan came from the Mangyan word "sandugo" which

means brotherhood or being friends.

o A sandugo treaty is called a blood compact because the

participants each drink a small amount of the other’s blood.
The blood compact preserves the friendship between two
people once different in religion, nationality, culture, and
civilization. This was a very traditional way to formalize
treaties of friendship in the country.
o This festival aims to revive an age-old Mangyan tradition that
was already forgotten by the people of Misamis Oriental.

o It festivity features agri-trade, historical parade, reenactment

of the barter trading, and Indakan sa Sanduguan (a street
dancing competition).

o The reenactment of the barter trading is the first barter

between the Mangyan (indigenous tribes), one of the oldest
tribes in the country and the natives of Mindoro, and the
Chinese traders.

o They traded clothing, food, and other goods. The tribes and
the Chinese gathered at the beach for cultural exchanges.
o The Mangyans taught the Chinese native games, while the
foreigners performed the dragon dances and plays.

o Someone plays the role of one Mangyan and the other one
is the Chinese.

o They act the things that happened in ancient history.

o They also do the sanduguan and the trade, as well as

other bits and pieces of the Mangyan-Chinese history.
o August
o Davao City

o The festival’s name is derived from the Mandaya word

“madayaw,” meaning treasured or valuable, as the locals
use this time to give thanks for the season’s bountiful harvest.

o Back in the day, the ethnic tribes of Davao would come

together to celebrate abundant crops, performing rituals that
paid tribute to the nature gods.

o They used to display fruits, vegetables, flowers, rice, and corn

grains on their mats and at the front of their houses as a sign
of respect for the great year they’ve had. They used to sing and
dance as well, much like what they do today.
o In the 1970s, then Mayor Elias B. Lopez, encouraged the
different Davao tribes to showcase their thanksgiving rituals.

o In 1986, the Davao City government launched a project that

aimed to unite the people during the turbulent times of the
Martial Law.

o Back then, the name of the festival was called Apo Duwaling,
after three natural wonders you can find the region: Mt. Apo,
Durian, and Waling-waling.

o It was first officially renamed as the Kadayawan Festival in

1988 by then Mayor Rodrigo Duterte, and now, over 30 years
later, it’s still being celebrated
o August
o Tuguegarao City, Cagayan

o It is a held on every year 10th to 17th in August situated in

Tuguegarao City, Cagayan. The festival is made merrier with
the Trade Fair.

o The occasion is a much-anticipated action by local people as

well as among the travelers and guests who visit the city amid
the festival.

o The movement unites different enterprises and organizations

that exhibit their one of kind items. Inhabitants of the city and
additionally voyagers are given chances to see different items
that feature the financial side of Tuguegarao City.
o This demonstrates the administration's help in the
accomplishment of the targets of the business segment. Year
in and out, there is a high interest of exhibitors as the LGU
gives free slows down to everybody who wish to show their
items. The Local Government of Tuguegarao esteems the
significance of every specialist in the financial development of
the city.

o The Pavvurulun AFI Festival additionally features the way of

life of the Ybanags through the distinctive rivalries and
exercises that are arranged. The scholastic network is given
the spotlight for these occasions. The Pavvurulun AFI Festival
has dependably been an important scene where every single
nearby occupant, travelers and guests loll in exhilaration.
o September
o Naga City, Bicol

o It is a wooden statue of the Blessed Virgin Mary venerated in Naga

City, Bicol, Philippines. The image comes from the original image
enshrined in Salamanca, Spain. It is currently housed at the
Peñafrancia Basilica where every September is held for the novena
festivities in honor of the image as the principal Patroness and
Queen of Bicol.

o Pope Pius XI granted the image a Canonical coronation on 20

September 1924 via his Apostolic delegate, Monsignor Guillermo
Piani. On 3 December 2015, a mosaic image of the Virgin Mary
under this title was officially enshrined at the Vatican Gardens for
the 14th slot at the pontifical mandate of Pope Francis.

o The ceremony was attended by former President of the Philippines,

Benigno Aquino III who unveiled the image with honors.
o October
o Bacolod City

o It is an annual festival with highlights held every fourth Sunday of

October in Bacolod, Philippines.

o The most recent festival was held October 8-28, 2018. The festival
sites include the Bacolod Public Plaza, the Lacson Tourism Strip and
the Bacolod Government Center.

o The word "Masskara" is a portmanteau, coined by the late artist Ely

Santiago from mass (a multitude of people), and the Spanish word
cara (face), thus forming MassKara (a multitude of faces).

o The word is also a pun on maskara, Filipino for "mask" (itself from
Spanish máscara), since it is a prominent feature of the festival and
are always adorned with smiling faces, giving rise to Bacolod being
called the "City of Smiles".