-CAPITAL-

Manila, Philippines
-Manila. Manila, capital and chief city of the Philippines. The city is the center of the country's
economic, political, social, and cultural activity. It is located on the island of Luzon and spreads
along the eastern shore of Manila Bay at the mouth of the Pasig River.
-The term "Manila" is commonly used to refer to the whole metropolitan area, the greater
metropolitan area or the city proper. The officially defined metropolitan area called Metro Manila,
the capital region of the Philippines, includes the much larger Quezon City and the Makati Central
Business District. It is the most populous region of the country, one of the most populous urban
areas in the world, and is one of the wealthiest regions in Southeast Asia. The city proper is home to
1,780,148 people in 2015, and is the historic core of a built-up area that extends well beyond its
administrative limits. With 71,263 people per square kilometer, Manila is also the most densely
populated city proper in the world.

Tokyo, Japan
-Tokyo, Japan’s busy capital, mixes the ultramodern and the traditional, from neon-lit skyscrapers
to historic temples. The opulent Meiji Shinto Shrine is known for its towering gate and surrounding
woods. The Imperial Palace sits amid large public gardens. The city's many museums offer
exhibits ranging from classical art (in the Tokyo National Museum) to a reconstructed kabuki
theater (in the Edo-Tokyo Museum).

-National Anthem-
Philippine National Anthem
-Philippine National Anthem. Lupang Hinirang (Tagalog, “Chosen Land”) is thenational
anthem of the Philippines. Its music was composed in 1898 by Julian Felipe, and the lyrics were
adapted from the Spanish poem Filipinas, written by José Palma in 1899.
 Japan National Anthem
-Kimigayo is the Japanese national anthem based on a poem that is more than 1000 years old,
written in the Heian Period (794-1185). ... In 1880 the music was rewritten by Yoshiisa Oku and
Akimori Hayashi and later on a German, Franz von Eckert, harmonized the song on behalf of
the Japanese government.

-Language-
Philippine language
-Philippine languages, about 70 to 75 aboriginal languages of the Philippine Islands. ... The
most important languages in the central division are Tagalog (a standardized form of which,
Pilipino, is the official national language) and Cebuano. The most important in the northern
division is Ilocano.

Japanese language
-Japanese is an East Asian language spoken by about 128 million people, primarily in Japan,
where it is the national language. It is a member of the Japonic language family, and its relation
to other languages, such as Korean, is debated.

-Writing system-
Filipino alphabet and baybayin
-Often mistakenly known as alibata, a word with Arabic origin, Baybayin literally means “baybay,”
or “to spell” in Filipino. It is an alpha syllabary, with characters standing for syllables based on
consonants, as opposed to an alphabet corresponding to single letters

Japan writing style

-Modern Japanese is written in a mixture of three basic scripts: Kanji — which are Chinese
ideographic symbols — as well as Hiragana and Katakana — two phonetic alphabets (syllables).
There are a few thousand Kanji characters, while Hiragana and Katakana have 46 each
-Religion-
Philippine Religion
-Roman Catholicism. Roman Catholicism comprises the beliefs and practices of the Roman
Catholic Church. It stands under the authority of the bishop of Rome, the pope, and is led by him
and bishops who are held to be, through ordination, successors of Peter and the apostles.
-Christianity was first brought to the Philippine islands by Spanish missionaries and colonists, who
arrived in waves beginning in the early 16th century in Cebu. Compared to the Spanish Era, when
Christianity was recognized as the state religion, the faith today is practiced in the context of a secular
state. In 2015, it was estimated that 84 million Filipinos, or roughly 82.9% of the population, profess
the Catholic faith.

Japan Religion
-Buddhism in Japan has been practiced since its official introduction in 552 CE according to the
Nihon Shoki from Baekje, Korea, by Buddhist monks. Buddhism has had a major influence on the
development of Japanese society and remains an influential aspect of the culture to this day
-Buddhism originated in India in the 6th century BC. ... Of the main branches of Buddhism, it is
the Mahayana or "Greater Vehicle" Buddhism which found its way to Japan. Buddhism was
imported to Japan via China and Korea in the form of a present from the friendly Korean kingdom
of Kudara (Paikche) in the 6th century.

-Food-
Filipino Dish
1.adobo-Philippine adobo is a popular Filipino dish and cooking process in Filipino cuisine that
involves meat, seafood, or vegetables marinated in vinegar, soy sauce, garlic, and black
peppercorns, which is browned in oil, and simmered in the marinade.

2.Lechon-Lechón is a Spanish word referring to a roasted suckling pig. Lechón is a popular

food in the Philippines, Cuba, Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic, North Sulawesi province of
Indonesia, other Spanish-speaking nations in Latin America, and Spain. The dish features a whole
roasted pig cooked over charcoal.

3.Balut-A balut is a fertilized bird egg (usually a duck) which is incubated for a period of 14 to
21 days depending on the local culture and then boiled or steamed. ... Balut is common street
food in the Philippines and other localities, and is also sold in stores and malls. It is a relatively
cheap source of protein and calcium.
4.Sinigang-Sinigang is a Filipino soup or stew characterized by its sour and savoury taste most
often associated with tamarind (Filipino: sampalok). It is one of the more popular viands in Filipino
cuisine.

Japanese dish
1.Sushi-Sushi is a Japanese dish of prepared vinegared rice, usually with some sugar and salt,
accompanying a variety of ingredients, such as seafood, vegetables, and occasionally tropical
fruits.

2.Sashimi-Sashimi is thinly sliced, raw food. It is one of the most famous dishes in the Japanese
cuisine. Seafood is most commonly eaten as sashimi, but other types of meats (such as beef,
horse and deer) and foods (such as yuba tofu skin and konnyaku) can also be served as sashimi

3.Tempura-Tempura is a Japanese dish usually consisting of seafood or vegetables that have

been battered and deep fried. The dish was influenced by fritter-cooking techniques introduced
by Portuguese residing in Nagasaki in the 16th century, and the name "tempura" relates to that
origin.

4.Udon-Udon is a type of thick wheat flour noodle used frequently in Japanese cuisine. It is
often served hot as a noodle soup in its simplest form, as kake udon, in a mildly flavoured broth
called kakejiru, which is made of dashi, soy sauce, and mirin. It is usually topped with thinly
chopped scallions.

-Street Food-

Filipino Streed Food

1.Isaw-Isaw is a street food from the Philippines, made from barbecued pig or chicken
intestines. The intestines are cleaned, turned inside out, and cleaned again, repeating the process
several times; they are then either boiled, then grilled, or immediately grilled on sticks.

2.Banana-Banana cue is made with deep fried bananas coated in caramelized brown sugar.
The bananas used for this recipe are Saba bananas, which are very commonly used for cooking
in the Philippines. It is usually skewered on a bamboo stick, and sold on the streets.

3.Kwek-Kwek-Tokneneng is a tempura-like Filipino street food made by deep-frying orange

batter covered hard-boiled eggs. A popular variation of tokneneng is kwek kwek. The main
difference between the two lies in the egg that is used. Kwek kwek is traditionally made with quail
eggs, while Tokneneng is made with chicken eggs.
 Japanese Street Food

1.Yakitori-Yakitori is a Japanese type of skewered chicken. Its preparation involves

skewering the meat with kushi, a type of skewer typically made of steel, bamboo, or similar
materials. Afterwards, they are grilled over a charcoal fire. During or after cooking, the meat is
typically seasoned with tare sauce or salt.

2.Choco Banana-Choco Banana. Choco banana is basically

a chocolate covered bananas with sticks, commonly eaten at summer festivals in Japan. Its so
delicious but it's not something that you can get anywhere.

3.Takoyaki-Takoyaki is a ball-shaped Japanese snack made of a wheat flour-based batter and

cooked in a special molded pan. It is typically filled with minced or diced octopus, tempura scraps,
pickled ginger, and green onion.

-Musical Instrument-

Philippine Traditional Instruments

1.Buktot- a word in the filipino language generally meaning a humpbacked person.

The instrument resonator, usually a coconut shell, resembles a hunchback! Th buktot is a
Visayan GuitarLitguit Traditional Filipino instrument that is used to make percussion sounds that
resemble those of maracas

2.Luntang-The luntang is a type of Philippine xylophone of the Maguindanaon people, strung

vertically, with five horizontal logs hung in ascending order arranged by pitch. The Maguindanaon
refer to this instrument as a luntang while the Yakan call it a kwintangan kayo.

3.Gambal-The luntang is a type of Philippine xylophone of the Maguindanaon people, strung

vertically, with five horizontal logs hung in ascending order arranged by pitch. The Maguindanaon
refer to this instrument as a luntang while the Yakan call it a kwintangan kayo.

4.Kudyapi-The kutiyapi, or kudyapi, is a Philippine three-stringed, fretted boat-lute. It is the only

stringed instrument among the Palawano people, and one of several among other groups such
as the Maranao and Manobo. It is four to six feet long with nine frets made of hardened beeswax.

Japan Traditional Instruments

1.Koto-The koto is a Japanese stringed musical instrument derived from the Chinese zheng,
and similar to the Mongolian yatga, the Korean gayageum, and the Vietnamese đàn tranh. The
koto is the national instrument of Japan. Koto are about 180 centimetres length, and made from
kiri wood.
2.Shamisen-The shamisen or samisen, also sangen, is a three-stringed traditional Japanese
musical instrument derived from the Chinese instrument sanxian. It is played with a plectrum
called a bachi. The Japanese pronunciation is usually shamisen but sometimes jamisen when
used as a suffix, according to regular sound change.

3.Sho-The shō is a Japanese free reed musical instrument that was introduced from China
during the Nara period. It is descended from the Chinese sheng, although the shō tends to be
smaller in size. It consists of 17 slender bamboo pipes, each of which is fitted in its base with a
metal free reed.

4.Odaiko-The Big Drums. Odaiko simply means "big, fat drum", and with very good reason:
The worlds largest odaiko is almost ten feet across the head! While the term odaiko refers to any
drum larger than 84cm in diameter, some odaiko are on a almost unbelievable scale, as the
images below will prove.

-DANCE-

Philippine Traditional Dance

Cariñosa- (Spanish pronunciation: [kaɾiˈɲosa], meaning the loving or affectionate one) is a

Philippinedance of colonial era origin from the Maria Clara suite of Philippine folk dances, where
the fan or handkerchief plays an instrumental role as it places the couple in romance scenario.

Japan Traditional dance

Odori-Bon Odori (Japanese: 盆踊り), meaning simply Bon dance, is a style

of dancingperformed during Obon. Originally a Nenbutsu folk dance to welcome the spirits of the
dead, the style of celebration varies in many aspects from region to region. ... "Gujo Odori" in
Gujō in Gifu Prefecture is famous for all night dancing.

-SONG-

Philippine Traditional Folk Song

-The traditional music of the Philippines, like the folk music of other countries, reflects the life of
common, mostly rural Filipinos. ... However, much of it employs the diatonic scale rather than the
"more Asian" pentatonic scale, with the exception of indigenous people ritual music.
 Japan Traditional Song

- Traditional and folk music. There are two forms of music recognized to be the oldest forms
of traditional Japanese music. They are shōmyō (声明 or 聲明), or Buddhist chanting, and gagaku
(雅楽), or orchestral court music, both of which date to the Nara and Heian periods.

-Holiday And Ceremony-

Philippine Holidays

1.Independence- Independence Day in Philippines (Araw ng Kasarinlan) ... "Day of

Freedom") is an annual national holiday in the Philippines observed on 12 June, commemorating
thePhilippine Declaration of Independence from Spain on 12 June 1898. It is the country's
National Day.

2.Good Friday- Good Friday is a part of the religious holiday week in the lead up
to Easter Sunday in the Philippines. ...Good Friday is a time when people take part in a form of
penance to repent from their sins. Some Filipinos spend time at the beach during the holiday.

3.Rizal Day- Rizal Day is a Philippine national holiday commemorating the life and works of
JoséRizal, a national hero of the Philippines. It is celebrated every December 30, the anniversary
of Rizal's 1896 execution at Bagumbayan (present-day Rizal Park) in Manila.

Japan National Holidays

1.Japanese National Foundation day- National Foundation Day (建国記念の日

Kenkoku Kinen no Hi) is a national holiday in Japan celebrated annually on February 11,
celebrating the mythological foundation of Japan and the accession of its first emperor,
Emperor Jimmu at Kashihara gū on 11 February 660 BC

2.Girls Festival- Hinamatsuri, also called Doll's Day or Girls' Day, is a special day in Japan.
Celebrated on 3 March of each year, platforms covered with a red carpet-material are used to
display a set of ornamental dolls representing the Emperor, Empress, attendants, and musicians
in traditional court dress of the Heian period.

3.Respect For The Aged Day (Third Monday in September)- Respect for the
Aged Day (敬老の日 Keirō no Hi) is a Japanese designated public holiday celebrated annually to
honor elderly citizens. ... Since 2003, Respect for the Aged Day is held on the third
Monday of September due to the Happy MondaySystem.
-Costume-

Philippine National Costume

1.Barong Tagalog- The Barong Tagalog, more commonly known as simply barong, is an
embroidered formal shirt and considered the national dress of the Philippines. It is lightweight and
worn untucked over an undershirt.

2.Baro’t Saya- The baro’t saya is the national dress of the Philippines. Barong being its
masculine equivalent. Both are all traditionally made of piña though other materials that are not
piña are also used in some baro't saya and barong.

Japan National Costume

1.Kimono- The kimono is a traditional Japanese garment. The word kimono literally means
"thing to wear on the shoulders"; ki comes from the verb kiru, a gender-neutral verb describes
clothing worn on the shoulders or on the entire body, and mono means "thing"

-Sports-

Philippine National Sport

Arnis- Arnis is the national martial art sport of Philippines. It is also known as Eskrima and Kali.
This sport actually emphasizes weapon based fighting which is done using knives, bladed
weapons, sticks and various improvised weapons

Japan National Sport

Sumo- Sumo (相撲, sumō) is a Japanese style of wrestling and Japan's national sport. It
originated in ancient times as a performance to entertain the Shinto deities. Many rituals with
religious background, such as the symbolic purification of the ring with salt, are still followed today

-Tradition-

Philippine Traditions

1.Courting- Courting a woman in the Philippines is described as acourtship that also

includes courting the woman's family. The actual boyfriend-girlfriend relationship may also result
from such formal visits.
2.Cock Fighting- A cockfight is a blood sport between two cocks, or gamecocks, held in a
ring called a cockpit. ... But it was during Magellan's voyage of discovery of the Philippines in
1521 when modern cockfighting was first witnessed and documented by Antonio Pigafetta,
Magellan's chronicler, in the kingdom of Taytay.

3.Christmas Caroling- Christmas Caroling in the Philippines. Caroling is a part of theFilipino

Christmas tradition. Once the Dawn Mass known as “Misa de Gallo” or “Simbang Gabi “
starts, carolers will be on their feet singing Christmas carols from house to house spreading the
spirit of the season through songs.

Japan Culture and Traditions

1.Yamayaki Mountain Burning- The Wakakusa Yamayaki is an annual festival during

which the grass on the hillside of Nara's Mount Wakakusayama is set on fire. ... One theory claims
that the burning of the mountainside began during boundary conflicts between Nara's great
temples, while another claims the fires were used to drive away wild boars.

2.Floating Lanterns- First held in 1946, Toro Nagashi (literally, “flowinglanterns”) is

a Japanese ceremony in which participants float glowing paper lanterns down a river to
commemorate the souls of the dead.

3.Bowing- In Japan, people greet each other by bowing. A bow can ranges from a small nod
of the head to a deep bend at the waist. A deeper, longer bow indicates respect and conversely
a small nod with the head is casual and informal. ... If the greeting takes place on tatami floor,
people get on their knees to bow.