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Blot, S., Koulenti, D., Dimopoulos, G., Martin, C., Komnos, A., Krueger, W. A., &
Spina, G. (2014). Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Mortality for Ventilator-
Associated Pneumonia in Middle-Aged, Old, and Very Old Critically Ill
Patients*. 601–609. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ccm.0000435665.07446.50
But, A., Yetkin, M. A., Kanyilmaz, D., Aslaner, H., Baştuğ, A., Aypak, A., …
Bodur, H. (2017). Analysis of epidemiology and risk factors for mortality in
ventilator-associated pneumonia attacks in intensive care unit patients. Turkish
Journal of Medical Sciences, 47(3), 812–816. https://doi.org/10.3906/sag-
1601-38
Charles, M. V. P., Kali, A., Easow, J. M., Joseph, N. M., Ravishankar, M.,
Srinivasan, S., … Ventilator-associated, U. S. (2014). Ventilator-associated
pneumonia What this review adds : Australian Medical Journal (AMJ), 7(8),
334–344. https://doi.org/10.4066/AMJ.2014.2105
Chastre, J. E., Luyt, C.-E., & Fagon, J.-Y. (2012). PNEUMONIA IN THE
VENTILATOR-DEPENDENT PATIENT.
Chastre, J. E., Luyt, C.-E., & Fagon, J.-Y. (2013). Principles and Practice of
Mechanical Ventilation.
Chughtai, M., Gwam, C. U., Mohamed, N., Khlopas, A., Newman, J. M., Khan, R.,
… Mont, M. A. (2017). The Epidemiology and Risk Factors for Postoperative
Pneumonia. Journal of Clinical Medicine Research, 9(6), 466–475.
https://doi.org/10.14740/jocmr3002w
Cohen, M. J., Bir, N., Rahn, P., Dotson, R., Brohi, K., Chesebro, B. B., … Pittet, J.
F. (2009). Protein C depletion early after trauma increases the risk of
ventilator-associated pneumonia. Journal of Trauma - Injury, Infection and
Critical Care, 67(6), 1176–1181.
https://doi.org/10.1097/TA.0b013e3181c1c1bc
FAKTOR RISIKO TERJADINYA VENTILATOR-ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA (VAP) DI ICU RSUD
BANYUMAS: CASE CONTROL
STUDY
ETI SISKOWATI, Dr.dr. Sudadi, Sp.An.,KNA.,KAR.; Dr. Sri Setiyarini, S.Kp.,M.Kes
Universitas Gadjah Mada, 2020 | Diunduh dari http://etd.repository.ugm.ac.id/
105
Cole, S., Hayes-Lattin, B., Zebrack, B. J., Block, R., Husson, O., Aguilar, C., &
Embry, L. (2017). Health-Related Quality of Life in Adolescent and Young
Adult Patients With Cancer: A Longitudinal Study. Journal of Clinical
Oncology, 35(6), 652–659. https://doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.69.7946
Cui, J. B., Chen, Q. Q., Liu, T. T., & Li, S. J. (2018). Risk factors for early-onset
ventilator-associated pneumonia in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage
patients. 51, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1590/1414-431X20176830
Driver, B. E., Klein, L. R., Schick, A. L., Prekker, M. E., Reardon, R. F., & Miner,
J. R. (2018). The occurrence of aspiration pneumonia after emergency
endotracheal intubation. American Journal of Emergency Medicine, 36(2),
193–196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2017.07.066
Esnault, P., Nguyen, C., Bordes, J., D’Aranda, E., Montcriol, A., Contargyris, C.,
… Meaudre, E. (2017). Early-Onset Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in
Patients with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Incidence, Risk Factors, and
Consequences in Cerebral Oxygenation and Outcome. Neurocritical Care,
27(2), 187–198. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12028-017-0397-4
Ferrer, M., & Pelosi, P. (2012). New Developments in Mechanical Ventilation New
Developments in Mechanical Ventilation.
Forel, J., Voillet, F., Pulina, D., Gacouin, A., Perrin, G., Barrau, K., … Papazian,
L. (2012). Ventilator-associated pneumonia and ICU mortality in severe
ARDS patients ventilated according to a lung-protective strategy. (March
2006).
Gao, F., Yang, L., He, H., Ma, X., Lu, J., Zhai, Y., … Zheng, J. (2016). The effect
of reintubation on ventilator-associated pneumonia and mortality among
mechanically ventilated patients with intubation : A systematic review and
meta-analysis. Heart and Lung The Journal of Acute and Critical Care, 45(4),
363–371. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hrtlng.2016.04.006
Gastmeier, P., Sohr, D., Geffers, C., Rüden, H., Vonberg, R. P., & Welte, T. (2009).
Early- and late-onset pneumonia: Is this still a useful classification?
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 53(7), 2714–2718.
FAKTOR RISIKO TERJADINYA VENTILATOR-ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA (VAP) DI ICU RSUD
BANYUMAS: CASE CONTROL
STUDY
ETI SISKOWATI, Dr.dr. Sudadi, Sp.An.,KNA.,KAR.; Dr. Sri Setiyarini, S.Kp.,M.Kes
Universitas Gadjah Mada, 2020 | Diunduh dari http://etd.repository.ugm.ac.id/
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https://doi.org/10.1128/AAC.01070-08
Grap, M. J., Munro, C. L., Unoki, T., Hamilton, V. A., & Ward, K. R. (2012).
Ventilator-associated pneumonia: The potential critical role of emergency
medicine in prevention. Journal of Emergency Medicine, 42(3), 353–362.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jemermed.2010.05.042
Irawati, I., Melinda, H., & Idjradinata, P. S. (2016). Kesesuaian Nilai C-Reactive
Protein dan Procalcitonin dalam Diagnosis Pneumonia Berat pada Anak. Sari
Pediatri, 12(2), 78. https://doi.org/10.14238/sp12.2.2010.78-81
Isono, H., Miyagami, T., Katayama, K., Isono, M., Hasegawa, R., Gomi, H., &
Kobayashi, H. (2016). Tetanus in the elderly: The management of intensive
care and prolonged hospitalization. Internal Medicine, 55(22), 3399–3402.
https://doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.55.7131
Joseph, N. M., Sistla, S., Dutta, T. K., Badhe, A. S., & Parija, S. C. (2009).
Ventilator-associated pneumonia in a tertiary care hospital in india: Incidence
and risk factors. Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 3(10), 771–777.
https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.396
Karakuzu, Z., Iscimen, R., Akalin, H., Kelebek Girgin, N., Kahveci, F., & Sinirtas,
M. (2018). Prognostic Risk Factors in Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia.
Medical Science Monitor, 24, 1321–1328.
https://doi.org/10.12659/MSM.905919
Karatas, M., Saylan, S., Kostakoglu, U., & Yilmaz, G. (2016). An assessment of
ventilator-associated pneumonias and risk factors identified in the intensive
care unit. Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences, 32(4), 817–822.
https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.324.10381
Klompas, M., Branson, R., Eichenwald, E. C., Greene, L. R., Howell, M. D., Lee,
G., … Berenholtz, S. M. (2014). Strategies to Prevent Ventilator-Associated
Pneumonia in Acute Care Hospitals: 2014 Update. Infection Control &
Hospital Epidemiology, 35(08), 915–936. https://doi.org/10.1086/677144
Lahoorpour, F., Delpisheh, A., & Afkhamzadeh, A. (2013). Risk factors for
acquisition of ventilator-associated pneumonia in adult intensive care units.
29(5), 1105–1107.
Mendes, P., Rodrigues, D. A., Neto, C., Rodrigo, L., Santos, D. C., & Knibel, M.
F. (2009). Ventilator-associated pneumonia: epidemiology and impact on the
clinical evolution of ICU patients. 35(April), 1084–1091.
Munita, J. M., Arias, C. A., Unit, A. R., & Santiago, A. De. (2016). HHS Public
Access Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance. HHS Public Access, 4(2), 1–37.
https://doi.org/10.1128/microbiolspec.VMBF-0016-2015.Mechanisms
Ngurah Rai, I. B., & Bagus Artana, I. G. N. (2019). Workshop On Pneumonia (Vol.
53).
Noyal, M., Sujatha, S., Tarun, K., Ashok, S., & Subhash, C. (2010). European
Journal of Internal Medicine Ventilator-associated pneumonia : A review.
European Journal of Internal Medicine, 21(5), 360–368.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejim.2010.07.006
Park, S., Cho, S. S., & Kwak, G. J. (2014). Factors Influencing Ventilator-
Associated Pneumonia in Cancer Patients. 15(2002), 5787–5791.
Pelosi, P., Barrassi, A., Severgnini, P., Gomeiro, B., Finazzi, S., Merlini, G., …
Niederman, M. S. (2008). Prognostic Role of Clinical and Laboratory Criteria
To Identify Early Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Brain Injury*. CHEST,
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Pham, T., Brochard, L. J., & Slutsky, A. S. (2017). Mechanical Ventilation : State
of the Art. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 92(9), 1382–1400.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2017.05.004
Philippart, F., Bouroche, G., Timsit, J. F., Garrouste-Orgeas, M., Azoulay, E.,
FAKTOR RISIKO TERJADINYA VENTILATOR-ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA (VAP) DI ICU RSUD
BANYUMAS: CASE CONTROL
STUDY
ETI SISKOWATI, Dr.dr. Sudadi, Sp.An.,KNA.,KAR.; Dr. Sri Setiyarini, S.Kp.,M.Kes
Universitas Gadjah Mada, 2020 | Diunduh dari http://etd.repository.ugm.ac.id/
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Ranjan, N., Chaudhary, U., Chaudhry, D., & Ranjan, K. P. (2014). Ventilator-
associated pneumonia in a tertiary care intensive care unit: Analysis of
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associated pneumonia: Its relevance to developing effective strategies for
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Sommerstein, R., Merz, T. M., Berger, S., Kraemer, J. G., Marschall, J., & Hilty,
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Son, Y. G., Shin, J., & Ryu, H. G. (2017). Pneumonitis and pneumonia after
aspiration. Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, 17(1), 1.
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Tejerina, E., Esteban, A., Fernández-Segoviano, P., Frutos-Vivar, F., Aramburu, J.,
FAKTOR RISIKO TERJADINYA VENTILATOR-ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA (VAP) DI ICU RSUD
BANYUMAS: CASE CONTROL
STUDY
ETI SISKOWATI, Dr.dr. Sudadi, Sp.An.,KNA.,KAR.; Dr. Sri Setiyarini, S.Kp.,M.Kes
Universitas Gadjah Mada, 2020 | Diunduh dari http://etd.repository.ugm.ac.id/
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Wu, D., Wu, C., Zhang, S., & Zhong, Y. (2019). Risk Factors of Ventilator-
Associated Pneumonia in Critically III Patients. 10(May), 1–7.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2019.00482
Xu, Y., Lai, C., Xu, G., Meng, W., Zhang, J., Hou, H., & Pi, H. (2019). Risk factors
of ventilator-associated pneumonia in elderly patients receiving mechanical
ventilation. 1027–1038.
Younan, D., Richman, J., Zaky, A., & Pittet, J.-F. (2019). An Increasing Neutrophil-
to-Lymphocyte Ratio Trajectory Predicts Organ Failure in Critically-Ill Male
Trauma Patients. An Exploratory Study. Healthcare, 7(1), 42.
https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare7010042