Abnormal Psychology Mock Boards - WIth Answers

Abnormal Psychology
Mock Board Examination
INSTRUCTIONS: Determine the letter of the correct answer.
1. Which of the following is an example of abnormal behavior?

a. Sleeping for 8 hours a day
b. Eating a balanced diet
c. Constantly checking locks and appliances multiple times a day
d. Exercising regularly
2. What is the term used to describe a normal behavior that occurs repeatedly and without
conscious thought?
a. Instinct
b. Reflex
c. Habit
d. Impulse
3. Which of the following is a common symptom of depression?

a. High levels of energy
b. Increased appetite
c. Socializing more frequently
d. Feelings of hopelessness
4. What is the term used to describe an abnormal fear or aversion to a particular object or
situation?
a. Agoraphobia
b. Claustrophobia
c. Arachnophobia
d. Xenophobia
5. Which of the following is an example of a normal behavior that can become abnormal if taken
to an extreme?
a. Saving money for the future
b. Exercising for 30 minutes a day
c. Cleaning the house once a week
d. Checking email once an hour
6. What is the term used to describe a persistent pattern of behavior that deviates from cultural
norms?
a. Abnormal behavior
b. Deviant behavior
c. Non-conforming behavior
d. Eccentric behavior
7. Which of the following is an example of normal behavior in response to stress?

a. Withdrawing from social activities
b. Overeating
c. Excessive alcohol consumption
d. Seeking support from family and friends
8. What is the term used to describe a sudden and intense fear or discomfort that is out of
proportion to the actual danger?
a. Panic attack
b. Anxiety attack
c. Phobia
d. Obsessive-compulsive disorder
9. Which of the following is an example of normal behavior that can be mistaken for abnormal
behavior?
a. Spending a lot of time alone
b. Crying when feeling sad
c. Becoming irritable when tired
d. Feeling anxious before a job interview
10. What is the term used to describe a mental disorder characterized by a distorted sense of
reality?
a. Schizophrenia
b. Bipolar disorder
c. Major depressive disorder
d. Generalized anxiety disorder
11. What is the main difference between panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder?
a. Panic disorder is characterized by sudden and intense fear, while generalized anxiety
disorder is characterized by persistent worry and anxiety.
b. Panic disorder is characterized by persistent worry and anxiety, while generalized anxiety
disorder is characterized by sudden and intense fear.
c. Panic disorder is only diagnosed in children, while generalized anxiety disorder is only
diagnosed in adults.
d. Panic disorder is a milder form of generalized anxiety disorder.
12. What is the key feature that distinguishes social anxiety disorder from other anxiety
disorders?
a. Fear of social situations or performance situations.
b. Fear of specific objects or situations.
c. Fear of being separated from a specific person.
d. Fear of having a panic attack in public.
13. What distinguishes obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) from other anxiety disorders?
a. OCD is characterized by a persistent and irrational fear of a specific object or situation.
b. OCD is characterized by unwanted and intrusive thoughts that lead to repetitive behaviors or
mental acts.
c. OCD is only diagnosed in children, while other anxiety disorders are diagnosed in adults.
d. OCD is only characterized by compulsive behaviors, not intrusive thoughts.
14. How does post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) differ from other anxiety disorders?
a. PTSD is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other anxiety disorders are not.
b. PTSD is characterized by specific phobias, while other anxiety disorders are not.
c. PTSD is only diagnosed in children, while other anxiety disorders are diagnosed in adults.
d. PTSD is characterized by excessive worry about everyday situations, while other anxiety
disorders are not.
15. What distinguishes specific phobia from other anxiety disorders?

a. Specific phobia is characterized by intense and persistent fear of a specific object or situation.
b. Specific phobia is only diagnosed in children, while other anxiety disorders are diagnosed in
adults.
c. Specific phobia is characterized by persistent worry and anxiety, like generalized anxiety
disorder.
d. Specific phobia is characterized by unwanted and intrusive thoughts, like OCD.
16. How does separation anxiety disorder differ from other anxiety disorders?
a. Separation anxiety disorder is characterized by excessive worry about specific objects or
situations.
b. Separation anxiety disorder is only diagnosed in children, while other anxiety disorders are
c. Separation anxiety disorder is characterized by excessive worry about being separated from
a specific person or people.
d. Separation anxiety disorder is characterized by unwanted and intrusive thoughts, like OCD.
17. What distinguishes agoraphobia from other anxiety disorders?
a. Agoraphobia is characterized by intense and persistent fear of a specific object or situation.
b. Agoraphobia is only diagnosed in children, while other anxiety disorders are diagnosed in
adults.
c. Agoraphobia is characterized by excessive worry about being in places or situations from
which escape might be difficult or embarrassing.
d. Agoraphobia is characterized by unwanted and intrusive thoughts, like OCD.
18. How does specific phobia differ from social anxiety disorder?
a. Specific phobia is characterized by intense and persistent fear of a specific object or situation,
while social anxiety disorder is characterized by fear of social situations or performance
situations.
b. Social anxiety disorder is characterized by intense and persistent fear of a specific object or
situation, while specific phobia is characterized by fear of social situations or performance
situations.
c. Specific phobia is only diagnosed in children, while social anxiety disorder is diagnosed in
adults.
d. Social anxiety disorder is only characterized by compulsive behaviors, not intrusive thoughts.
19. What distinguishes acute stress disorder from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)?
a. Acute stress disorder is a milder form of PTSD.
b. Acute stress disorder is only diagnosed in children, while PTSD is diagnosed in adults.
c. Acute stress disorder is a short-term reaction to trauma, while PTSD is a long-term reaction.
d. Acute stress disorder is characterized by avoidance of traumatic stimuli, while PTSD is not.
20. What distinguishes reactive attachment disorder from other trauma and stressor-related
disorders?
a. Reactive attachment disorder is only diagnosed in adults, while other trauma and
stressor-related disorders are diagnosed in children.
b. Reactive attachment disorder is characterized by avoidance of social interactions, while other
trauma and stressor-related disorders are not.
c. Reactive attachment disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other trauma and
stressor-related disorders are not.
d. Reactive attachment disorder is characterized by a lack of social responsiveness and
emotional reciprocity.
21. How does adjustment disorder differ from other trauma and stressor-related disorders?
a. Adjustment disorder is a milder form of PTSD.
b. Adjustment disorder is only diagnosed in adults, while other trauma and stressor-related
disorders are diagnosed in children.
c. Adjustment disorder is a reaction to a specific life stressor, while other trauma and
stressor-related disorders are a reaction to a traumatic event.
d. Adjustment disorder is characterized by avoidance of traumatic stimuli, while other trauma
and stressor-related disorders are not.
22. What distinguishes post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) from other trauma and
stressor-related disorders?
a. PTSD is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other trauma and stressor-related
disorders are not.
b. PTSD is characterized by specific phobias, while other trauma and stressor-related disorders
are not.
c. PTSD is only diagnosed in children, while other trauma and stressor-related disorders are
d. PTSD is characterized by intrusive and distressing memories, flashbacks, and nightmares.
23. How does reactive attachment disorder differ from disinhibited social engagement disorder?
a. Reactive attachment disorder is characterized by a lack of social responsiveness and
emotional reciprocity, while disinhibited social engagement disorder is not.
b. Disinhibited social engagement disorder is characterized by a lack of social responsiveness
and emotional reciprocity, while reactive attachment disorder is not.
c. Reactive attachment disorder is only diagnosed in adults, while disinhibited social
engagement disorder is diagnosed in children.
d. Disinhibited social engagement disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while
reactive attachment disorder is not.
24. What distinguishes acute stress disorder from adjustment disorder?

a. Acute stress disorder is a milder form of adjustment disorder.
b. Acute stress disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while adjustment disorder is a
reaction to a specific life stressor.
c. Acute stress disorder is only diagnosed in children, while adjustment disorder is diagnosed in
adults.
d. Acute stress disorder is characterized by avoidance of traumatic stimuli, while adjustment
disorder is not.
25. How does reactive attachment disorder differ from PTSD?

a. Reactive attachment disorder is characterized by intrusive and distressing memories,
flashbacks, and nightmares, while PTSD is not.
b. PTSD is caused by a specific traumatic event, while reactive attachment disorder is not.
c. Reactive attachment disorder is only diagnosed in adults, while PTSD is diagnosed in
children.
d. Reactive attachment disorder is characterized by a lack of social responsiveness and
emotional reciprocity, while PTSD is not.
26. What distinguishes obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) from other obsessive-compulsive
related disorders?
a. OCD is characterized by unwanted and intrusive thoughts that lead to repetitive behaviors or
mental acts, while other obsessive-compulsive related disorders do not involve intrusive
thoughts.
b. OCD is only diagnosed in children, while other obsessive-compulsive related disorders are
c. OCD is characterized by excessive grooming behaviors, while other obsessive-compulsive
related disorders are not.
d. OCD is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other obsessive-compulsive related
disorders are not.
27. What distinguishes hoarding disorder from other obsessive-compulsive related disorders?
a. Hoarding disorder is characterized by unwanted and intrusive thoughts that lead to repetitive
behaviors or mental acts, while other obsessive-compulsive related disorders do not involve
intrusive thoughts.
b. Hoarding disorder is only diagnosed in children, while other obsessive-compulsive related
disorders are diagnosed in adults.
c. Hoarding disorder is characterized by excessive grooming behaviors, while other
obsessive-compulsive related disorders are not.
d. Hoarding disorder is characterized by persistent difficulty discarding or parting with
possessions.
28. How does body dysmorphic disorder differ from other obsessive-compulsive related
disorders?
a. Body dysmorphic disorder is characterized by unwanted and intrusive thoughts that lead to
repetitive behaviors or mental acts, while other obsessive-compulsive related disorders do not
involve intrusive thoughts.
b. Body dysmorphic disorder is only diagnosed in children, while other obsessive-compulsive
related disorders are diagnosed in adults.
c. Body dysmorphic disorder is characterized by excessive grooming behaviors, while other
d. Body dysmorphic disorder is characterized by a preoccupation with perceived flaws or
defects in physical appearance.
29. What distinguishes trichotillomania from other obsessive-compulsive related disorders?

a. Trichotillomania is characterized by unwanted and intrusive thoughts that lead to repetitive
behaviors or mental acts, while other obsessive-compulsive related disorders do not involve
intrusive thoughts.
b. Trichotillomania is only diagnosed in children, while other obsessive-compulsive related
c. Trichotillomania is characterized by excessive grooming behaviors, while other
d. Trichotillomania is characterized by recurrent hair pulling that results in noticeable hair loss.
30. How does obsessive-compulsive personality disorder differ from OCD?
a. Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder is characterized by unwanted and intrusive
thoughts that lead to repetitive behaviors or mental acts, while OCD does not involve intrusive
thoughts.
b. Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder is only diagnosed in children, while OCD is
c. Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder is characterized by excessive grooming
behaviors, while OCD is not.
d. Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder is characterized by a preoccupation with
orderliness, perfectionism, and control, rather than specific intrusive thoughts.
31. What distinguishes excoriation disorder from other obsessive-compulsive related disorders?
a. Excoriation disorder is characterized by unwanted and intrusive thoughts that lead to
repetitive behaviors or mental acts, while other obsessive-compulsive related disorders do not
involve intrusive thoughts.
b. Excoriation disorder is only diagnosed in children, while other obsessive-compulsive related
c. Excoriation disorder is characterized by excessive grooming behaviors, while other
d. Excoriation disorder is characterized by recurrent skin picking that results in noticeable skin
damage.
32. What distinguishes somatic symptom disorder from other somatic symptom and related
disorders?
a. Somatic symptom disorder involves excessive preoccupation with physical symptoms,
causing significant distress or impairment, while other somatic symptom and related disorders
may focus on different aspects, such as a fear of having a serious illness or experiencing
conversion symptoms.
b. Somatic symptom disorder is only diagnosed in individuals who have a specific medical
condition that explains their symptoms, while other somatic symptom and related disorders do
not require a specific medical condition.
c. Somatic symptom disorder primarily affects cognitive functioning, while other somatic
symptom and related disorders primarily affect physical functioning.
d. Somatic symptom disorder is characterized by an absence of genuine physical symptoms,
while other somatic symptom and related disorders involve real physical symptoms.
Correct answer: a
33. How does illness anxiety disorder differ from somatic symptom disorder?
a. Illness anxiety disorder is characterized by excessive worry about having a serious illness
despite having few or no physical symptoms, while somatic symptom disorder is characterized
by excessive preoccupation with physical symptoms, causing significant distress or impairment.
b. Illness anxiety disorder only occurs in individuals with a history of serious medical conditions,
while somatic symptom disorder can occur in individuals with no history of serious medical
conditions.
c. Illness anxiety disorder involves the presence of physical symptoms that are intentionally
produced or feigned, while somatic symptom disorder does not involve intentional production of
symptoms.
d. Illness anxiety disorder is characterized by a lack of insight into the excessive nature of the
worry, while somatic symptom disorder is characterized by a clear understanding that the
preoccupation with physical symptoms is excessive.
34. What distinguishes factitious disorder from other somatic symptom and related disorders?
a. Factitious disorder is characterized by excessive preoccupation with one's physical
symptoms, while other somatic symptom and related disorders do not involve preoccupation.
b. Factitious disorder is only diagnosed in children, while other somatic symptom and related
c. Factitious disorder is characterized by intentional falsification of symptoms or induction of
illness, while other somatic symptom and related disorders are not.
d. Factitious disorder is caused by a specific medical condition, while other somatic symptom
and related disorders are not.
35. How does conversion disorder differ from other somatic symptom and related disorders?
a. Conversion disorder is characterized by excessive preoccupation with one's physical
symptoms, while other somatic symptom and related disorders do not involve preoccupation.
b. Conversion disorder is only diagnosed in children, while other somatic symptom and related
c. Conversion disorder is characterized by intentional falsification of symptoms or induction of
illness, while other somatic symptom and related disorders are not.
d. Conversion disorder is characterized by neurological symptoms or deficits that cannot be
explained by a medical condition.
36. What distinguishes psychological factors affecting other medical conditions from other
somatic symptom and related disorders?
a. Psychological factors affecting other medical conditions involve preoccupation with one's
physical symptoms, while other somatic symptom and related disorders do not.
b. Psychological factors affecting other medical conditions are only diagnosed in children, while
other somatic symptom and related disorders are diagnosed in adults.
c. Psychological factors affecting other medical conditions involve a specific medical condition,
while other somatic symptom and related disorders do not.
d. Psychological factors affecting other medical conditions involve psychological factors that
affect the course or treatment of a medical condition.
37. How does factitious disorder imposed on another differ from factitious disorder?
a. Factitious disorder imposed on another is characterized by excessive preoccupation with
one's physical symptoms, while factitious disorder is characterized by intentional falsification of
symptoms.
b. Factitious disorder imposed on another is only diagnosed in children, while factitious disorder
is diagnosed in adults.
c. Factitious disorder imposed on another involves intentional falsification of symptoms in
another person, while factitious disorder involves falsification of one's own symptoms.
d. Factitious disorder imposed on another is caused by a specific medical condition, while
factitious disorder is not.
38. What distinguishes dissociative identity disorder (DID) from other dissociative disorders?
a. DID is characterized by recurrent episodes of depersonalization, while other dissociative
disorders do not involve depersonalization.
b. DID is only diagnosed in children, while other dissociative disorders are diagnosed in adults.
c. DID is characterized by the presence of multiple distinct personalities, while other dissociative
disorders are not.
d. DID is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other dissociative disorders are not.
39. How does dissociative amnesia differ from other dissociative disorders?
a. Dissociative amnesia is characterized by the presence of multiple distinct personalities, while
other dissociative disorders are not.
b. Dissociative amnesia is only diagnosed in children, while other dissociative disorders are
c. Dissociative amnesia is characterized by recurrent episodes of depersonalization, while other
dissociative disorders do not involve depersonalization.
d. Dissociative amnesia is characterized by an inability to recall important personal information,
often related to traumatic events.
40. What distinguishes depersonalization/derealization disorder from other dissociative

disorders?
a. Depersonalization/derealization disorder is characterized by an inability to recall important
personal information, while other dissociative disorders involve memory loss.
b. Depersonalization/derealization disorder is only diagnosed in children, while other
dissociative disorders are diagnosed in adults.
c. Depersonalization/derealization disorder is characterized by recurrent episodes of
depersonalization and/or derealization, while other dissociative disorders do not involve these
symptoms.
d. Depersonalization/derealization disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other
dissociative disorders are not.
41. How does dissociative fugue differ from other dissociative disorders?
a. Dissociative fugue is characterized by the presence of multiple distinct personalities, while
other dissociative disorders are not.
b. Dissociative fugue is only diagnosed in children, while other dissociative disorders are
c. Dissociative fugue involves an inability to recall important personal information, while other
dissociative disorders do not involve memory loss.
d. Dissociative fugue involves sudden and unexpected travel away from one's home or work
with an inability to recall past events or personal identity.
42. What distinguishes dissociative disorder not otherwise specified (DDNOS) from other
dissociative disorders?
a. DDNOS is characterized by the presence of multiple distinct personalities, while other
dissociative disorders are not.
b. DDNOS is only diagnosed in children, while other dissociative disorders are diagnosed in
adults.
c. DDNOS is a catch-all diagnosis for dissociative disorders that do not meet the criteria for
other specific dissociative disorders.
d. DDNOS involves sudden and unexpected travel away from one's home or work with an
inability to recall past events or personal identity.
43. How does dissociative trance disorder differ from other dissociative disorders?
a. Dissociative trance disorder is characterized by the presence of multiple distinct personalities,
while other dissociative disorders are not.
b. Dissociative trance disorder is only diagnosed in children, while other dissociative disorders
are diagnosed in adults.
c. Dissociative trance disorder involves sudden and unexpected travel away from one's home or
work with an inability to recall past events or personal identity.
d. Dissociative trance disorder involves an altered state of consciousness characterized by a
detachment from one's surroundings or identity.
44. What distinguishes major depressive disorder (MDD) from other mood disorders?
a. MDD is characterized by manic episodes, while other mood disorders do not involve manic
episodes.
b. MDD is only diagnosed in children, while other mood disorders are diagnosed in adults.
c. MDD is characterized by persistent feelings of sadness or hopelessness, while other mood
disorders may involve mood swings or fluctuations.
d. MDD is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other mood disorders are not.
45. How does bipolar disorder differ from other mood disorders?
a. Bipolar disorder is characterized by persistent feelings of sadness or hopelessness, while
other mood disorders involve mood swings or fluctuations.
b. Bipolar disorder is only diagnosed in children, while other mood disorders are diagnosed in
adults.
c. Bipolar disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other mood disorders are not.
d. Bipolar disorder is characterized by manic or hypomanic episodes, while other mood
disorders do not involve these episodes.
46. What distinguishes persistent depressive disorder (PDD) from other mood disorders?
a. PDD is characterized by manic or hypomanic episodes, while other mood disorders do not
involve these episodes.
b. PDD is only diagnosed in children, while other mood disorders are diagnosed in adults.
c. PDD is characterized by persistent feelings of sadness or hopelessness for at least two years,
while other mood disorders may involve mood swings or fluctuations.
d. PDD is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other mood disorders are not.
47. How does cyclothymic disorder differ from other mood disorders?
a. Cyclothymic disorder is characterized by numerous hypomanic and depressive episodes, but
these episodes do not meet the criteria for a manic or major depressive episode.
b. Cyclothymic disorder is characterized by manic or hypomanic episodes, while other mood
disorders do not involve these episodes.
c. Cyclothymic disorder is only diagnosed in children, while other mood disorders are diagnosed
in adults.
d. Cyclothymic disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other mood disorders are
not.
48. What distinguishes substance/medication-induced depressive disorder from other mood

disorders?
a. Substance/medication-induced depressive disorder is characterized by manic or hypomanic
episodes, while other mood disorders do not involve these episodes.
b. Substance/medication-induced depressive disorder is only diagnosed in children, while other
mood disorders are diagnosed in adults.
c. Substance/medication-induced depressive disorder is characterized by persistent feelings of
sadness or hopelessness.
d. Substance/medication-induced depressive disorder is caused by the use of or withdrawal
from a substance or medication, while other mood disorders are not.
49. How does premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) differ from other mood disorders?
a. PMDD is characterized by manic or hypomanic episodes, while other mood disorders do not
b. PMDD is only diagnosed in children, while other mood disorders are diagnosed in adults.
c. PMDD is caused by hormonal fluctuations in the menstrual cycle, while other mood disorders
are not.
d. PMDD is characterized by persistent feelings of sadness or hopelessness.
50. What distinguishes suicide from other mood disorders?

a. Suicide is characterized by manic or hypomanic episodes, while other mood disorders do not
b. Suicide is only diagnosed in children, while other mood disorders are diagnosed in adults.
c. Suicide is characterized by persistent feelings
d. Suicide is an intentional self-inflicted act resulting in death or injury, often associated with
underlying mental health conditions such as mood disorders.
51. What distinguishes anorexia nervosa from other eating disorders?
a. Anorexia nervosa is characterized by restricted food intake leading to low body weight, while
other eating disorders may involve binge eating or normal body weight.
b. Anorexia nervosa involves binge eating and purging behaviors, while other eating disorders
do not.
c. Anorexia nervosa is only diagnosed in children, while other eating disorders are diagnosed in
adults.
d. Anorexia nervosa is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other eating disorders are
not.
52. How does bulimia nervosa differ from other eating disorders?
a. Bulimia nervosa is characterized by low body weight and restrictive eating behaviors, while
other eating disorders involve binge eating and purging behaviors.
b. Bulimia nervosa is only diagnosed in children, while other eating disorders are diagnosed in
adults.
c. Bulimia nervosa is characterized by binge eating and purging behaviors, while other eating
disorders may involve restrictive eating or normal body weight.
d. Bulimia nervosa is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other eating disorders are not.
53. What distinguishes binge-eating disorder from other eating disorders?

a. Binge-eating disorder is characterized by low body weight and restrictive eating behaviors,
while other eating disorders involve binge eating and purging behaviors.
b. Binge-eating disorder is only diagnosed in children, while other eating disorders are
c. Binge-eating disorder is characterized by recurrent episodes of binge eating without purging
behaviors, while other eating disorders may involve purging or normal eating behaviors.
d. Binge-eating disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other eating disorders are
not.
54. How does avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) differ from other eating
disorders?
a. ARFID involves an avoidance or restriction of food intake due to sensory, medical, or
psychological factors, while other eating disorders may involve restrictive eating or binge eating.
b. ARFID is characterized by binge eating and purging behaviors, while other eating disorders
involve restrictive eating behaviors.
c. ARFID is only diagnosed in children, while other eating disorders are diagnosed in adults.
d. ARFID is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other eating disorders are not.
Answer: c
55. What distinguishes insomnia disorder from other sleep-wake disorders?

a. Insomnia disorder involves excessive sleepiness during waking hours, while other
sleep-wake disorders do not involve excessive sleepiness.
b. Insomnia disorder is only diagnosed in children, while other sleep-wake disorders are
c. Insomnia disorder is caused by a specific medical condition, while other sleep-wake disorders
are not.
d. Insomnia disorder involves difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or waking up too early,
while other sleep-wake disorders may involve abnormal sleep behaviors or sleep-related
breathing disorders.
56. How does narcolepsy differ from other sleep-wake disorders?

a. Narcolepsy involves excessive sleepiness during waking hours, while other sleep-wake
disorders do not involve excessive sleepiness.
b. Narcolepsy is only diagnosed in children, while other sleep-wake disorders are diagnosed in
adults.
c. Narcolepsy involves sudden and uncontrollable episodes of falling asleep during the day,
while other sleep-wake disorders may involve abnormal sleep behaviors or sleep-related
breathing disorders.
d. Narcolepsy is caused by a specific medical condition, while other sleep-wake disorders are
not.
57. What distinguishes erectile dysfunction from other sexual dysfunctions?

a. Erectile dysfunction is only diagnosed in men, while other sexual dysfunctions are diagnosed
in both men and women.
b. Erectile dysfunction is characterized by difficulty achieving or maintaining an erection
sufficient for sexual activity.
c. Erectile dysfunction is characterized by a lack of sexual desire, while other sexual
dysfunctions involve difficulties with sexual arousal or orgasm.
d. Erectile dysfunction is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other sexual dysfunctions
are not.
Answer: c
58. How does female sexual interest/arousal disorder differ from other sexual dysfunctions?
a. Female sexual interest/arousal disorder involves a lack of sexual desire or difficulty with
sexual arousal in women.
b. Female sexual interest/arousal disorder involves pain during sexual activity, while other
sexual dysfunctions do not.
c. Female sexual interest/arousal disorder is only diagnosed in women, while other sexual
dysfunctions are diagnosed in both men and women.
d. Female sexual interest/arousal disorder is caused by a specific medical condition, while other
sexual dysfunctions are not.
59. What distinguishes exhibitionistic disorder from other paraphilic disorders?

a. Exhibitionistic disorder involves sexual arousal from dressing in clothing of the opposite sex,
while other paraphilic disorders involve nonhuman objects or non-consenting partners.
b. Exhibitionistic disorder involves sexual arousal from exposing one's genitals to
non-consenting individuals.
c. Exhibitionistic disorder is only diagnosed in men, while other paraphilic disorders are
diagnosed in both men and women.
d. Exhibitionistic disorder involves sexual arousal from watching others engage in sexual
activity, while other paraphilic disorders do not.
60. How does fetishistic disorder differ from other paraphilic disorders?
a. Fetishistic disorder involves sexual arousal from exposing one's genitals to non-consenting
individuals, while other paraphilic disorders involve nonhuman objects or non-consenting
partners.
b. Fetishistic disorder involves sexual arousal from watching others engage in sexual activity,
while other paraphilic disorders do not.
c. Fetishistic disorder involves sexual arousal from nonliving objects or body parts, while other
paraphilic disorders involve non-consenting partners.
d. Fetishistic disorder is only diagnosed in men, while other paraphilic disorders are diagnosed
61. What distinguishes transvestic disorder from other paraphilic disorders?

a. Transvestic disorder involves sexual arousal from exposing one's genitals to non-consenting
individuals, while other paraphilic disorders involve nonhuman objects or non-consenting
partners.
b. Transvestic disorder involves sexual arousal from watching others engage in sexual activity,
while other paraphilic disorders do not.
c. Transvestic disorder involves sexual arousal from dressing in clothing of the opposite sex,
while other paraphilic disorders involve non-consenting partners or nonliving objects.
d. Transvestic disorder is only diagnosed in men, while other paraphilic disorders are diagnosed
62. How does gender dysphoria differ from other gender-related issues?
a. Gender dysphoria is a normal aspect of gender development, while other gender-related
issues are considered disorders.
b. Gender dysphoria involves discomfort with one's biological sex and a desire to transition to
the opposite gender.
c. Gender dysphoria involves a sexual attraction to individuals of the same gender, while other
gender-related issues do not.
d. Gender dysphoria is caused by a specific medical condition, while other gender-related
issues are not.
Answer: b
63. What distinguishes alcohol use disorder from other substance use disorders?
a. Alcohol use disorder is the only substance use disorder that can cause withdrawal symptoms.
b. Alcohol use disorder is only diagnosed in adults, while other substance use disorders are
diagnosed in both adults and adolescents.
c. Alcohol use disorder is characterized by the continued use of alcohol despite significant
problems or negative consequences.
d. Alcohol use disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other substance use
disorders are not.
Answer: c
64. How does opioid use disorder differ from other substance use disorders?
a. Opioid use disorder is characterized by the use of prescription or illegal opioids despite
significant problems or negative consequences.
b. Opioid use disorder is the only substance use disorder that can cause withdrawal symptoms.
c. Opioid use disorder is only diagnosed in adults, while other substance use disorders are
d. Opioid use disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other substance use
disorders are not.
65. What distinguishes stimulant use disorder from other substance use disorders?
a. Stimulant use disorder is the only substance use disorder that can cause withdrawal
symptoms.
b. Stimulant use disorder is only diagnosed in adults, while other substance use disorders are
c. Stimulant use disorder is characterized by the use of prescription or illegal stimulants despite
d. Stimulant use disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other substance use
disorders are not.
Answer: c
66. How does cannabis use disorder differ from other substance use disorders?
a. Cannabis use disorder is characterized by the use of marijuana or hashish despite significant
b. Cannabis use disorder is the only substance use disorder that can cause withdrawal
symptoms.
c. Cannabis use disorder is only diagnosed in adults, while other substance use disorders are
d. Cannabis use disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other substance use
disorders are not.
67. What distinguishes hallucinogen use disorder from other substance use disorders?
a. Hallucinogen use disorder is the only substance use disorder that can cause withdrawal
symptoms.
b. Hallucinogen use disorder is only diagnosed in adults, while other substance use disorders
are diagnosed in both adults and adolescents.
c. Hallucinogen use disorder is characterized by the use of hallucinogenic drugs despite
d. Hallucinogen use disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other substance use
disorders are not.
Answer: c
68. How does tobacco use disorder differ from other substance use disorders?
a. Tobacco use disorder is the only substance use disorder that can cause withdrawal
symptoms.
b. Tobacco use disorder is characterized by the continued use of tobacco products despite
c. Tobacco use disorder is only diagnosed in adults, while other substance use disorders are
d. Tobacco use disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other substance use
disorders are not.
69. What distinguishes gambling disorder from other addictive disorders?

a. Gambling disorder is the only addictive disorder that does not involve the use of a substance.
b. Gambling disorder is only diagnosed in adults, while other addictive disorders are diagnosed
in both adults and adolescents.
c. Gambling disorder is characterized by the inability to stop gambling despite significant
d. Gambling disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other addictive disorders are
not.
70. What distinguishes kleptomania from other impulse control disorders?
a. Kleptomania is characterized by the urge to set fires, while other impulse control disorders
involve stealing or gambling behaviors.
b. Kleptomania is only diagnosed in children, while other impulse control disorders are
c. Kleptomania involves an inability to resist the urge to steal, even when items are not needed
or valuable.
d. Kleptomania is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other impulse control disorders
are not.
71. How does pyromania differ from other impulse control disorders?
a. Pyromania is characterized by an urge to steal, while other impulse control disorders involve
setting fires or gambling behaviors.
b. Pyromania is only diagnosed in children, while other impulse control disorders are diagnosed
in adults.
c. Pyromania involves an urge to set fires for pleasure or relief, despite the potential dangers or
negative consequences.
d. Pyromania is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other impulse control disorders are
not.
72. What distinguishes intermittent explosive disorder from other impulse control disorders?
a. Intermittent explosive disorder involves an urge to steal, while other impulse control disorders
involve explosive outbursts of anger or gambling behaviors.
b. Intermittent explosive disorder is only diagnosed in children, while other impulse control
c. Intermittent explosive disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other impulse
control disorders are not.
d. Intermittent explosive disorder involves recurrent, explosive outbursts of anger that are
disproportionate to the situation.
73. How does trichotillomania differ from other impulse control disorders?
a. Trichotillomania is characterized by an urge to set fires, while other impulse control disorders
involve pulling out one's hair or gambling behaviors.
b. Trichotillomania involves recurrent pulling out of one's hair, resulting in noticeable hair loss or
bald patches.
c. Trichotillomania is only diagnosed in children, while other impulse control disorders are
d. Trichotillomania is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other impulse control disorders
are not.
74. What distinguishes compulsive sexual behavior disorder from other impulse control
disorders?
a. Compulsive sexual behavior disorder involves an urge to steal, while other impulse control
disorders involve sexual behaviors or gambling behaviors.
b. Compulsive sexual behavior disorder is only diagnosed in children, while other impulse
control disorders are diagnosed in adults.
c. Compulsive sexual behavior disorder involves recurrent and intense sexual fantasies, urges,
or behaviors that interfere with daily life.
d. Compulsive sexual behavior disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other
impulse control disorders are not.
75. How does pathological gambling differ from other impulse control disorders?
a. Pathological gambling involves recurrent and persistent gambling behavior that leads to
significant distress or impairment.
b. Pathological gambling is characterized by an urge to steal, while other impulse control
disorders involve gambling behaviors or explosive outbursts of anger.
c. Pathological gambling is only diagnosed in children, while other impulse control disorders are
d. Pathological gambling is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other impulse control
disorders are not.
76. Which of the following distinguishes skin picking disorder from other impulse control
disorders?
a. Skin picking disorder involves recurrent and persistent picking at one's own skin, resulting in
skin lesions, while other impulse control disorders involve different behaviors such as hair
pulling, nail biting, or compulsive shopping.
b. Skin picking disorder involves an urge to set fires, while other impulse control disorders
involve picking at one's skin or gambling behaviors.
c. Skin picking disorder is only diagnosed in children, while other impulse control disorders are
d. Skin picking disorder involves an obsession with orderliness and symmetry, while other
impulse control disorders involve impulsive or reckless behaviors.
77. What distinguishes borderline personality disorder from other personality disorders?
a. Borderline personality disorder is the only personality disorder that is diagnosed exclusively in
men.
b. Borderline personality disorder is characterized by instability in interpersonal relationships,
self-image, and affect.
c. Borderline personality disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other personality
disorders are not.
d. Borderline personality disorder involves a pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and lack
of empathy.
78. How does antisocial personality disorder differ from other personality disorders?
a. Antisocial personality disorder is characterized by instability in interpersonal relationships,
b. Antisocial personality disorder is only diagnosed in women, while other personality disorders
are diagnosed in both men and women.
c. Antisocial personality disorder involves a disregard for and violation of the rights of others.
d. Antisocial personality disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other personality
disorders are not.
79. What distinguishes histrionic personality disorder from other personality disorders?
a. Histrionic personality disorder is characterized by instability in interpersonal relationships,
b. Histrionic personality disorder is only diagnosed in men, while other personality disorders are
c. Histrionic personality disorder involves a pattern of excessive emotionality and
attention-seeking behavior.
d. Histrionic personality disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other personality
disorders are not.
80. How does narcissistic personality disorder differ from other personality disorders?
a. Narcissistic personality disorder is characterized by instability in interpersonal relationships,
b. Narcissistic personality disorder is only diagnosed in women, while other personality
disorders are diagnosed in both men and women.
c. Narcissistic personality disorder involves a pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and
lack of empathy.
d. Narcissistic personality disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other
personality disorders are not.
81. What distinguishes avoidant personality disorder from other personality disorders?
a. Avoidant personality disorder is characterized by instability in interpersonal relationships,
b. Avoidant personality disorder is only diagnosed in men, while other personality disorders are
c. Avoidant personality disorder involves a pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy,
and hypersensitivity to criticism.
d. Avoidant personality disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other personality
disorders are not.
82. How does obsessive-compulsive personality disorder differ from other personality disorders?
a. Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder is characterized by instability in interpersonal
relationships, self-image, and affect.
b. Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder is only diagnosed in women, while other
personality disorders are diagnosed in both men and women.
c. Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder involves a pattern of preoccupation with
orderliness, perfectionism, and control.
d. Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while
other personality disorders are not.
83. What distinguishes schizotypal personality disorder from other personality disorders?
a. Schizotypal personality disorder is characterized by instability in interpersonal relationships,
b. Schizotypal personality disorder is only diagnosed in men, while other personality disorders
are diagnosed in both men and women.
c. Schizotypal personality disorder involves a pattern of odd beliefs, behaviors, and speech that
are not quite delusional or psychotic.
d. Schizotypal personality disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other
personality disorders are not.
84. What distinguishes schizophrenia from other psychotic disorders?

a. Schizophrenia is characterized by the presence of both hallucinations and delusions.
b. Schizophrenia is only diagnosed in children, while other psychotic disorders are diagnosed in
adults.
c. Schizophrenia is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other psychotic disorders are
not.
d. Schizophrenia involves a pattern of mood disturbances and social withdrawal.
85. How does schizoaffective disorder differ from other psychotic disorders?
a. Schizoaffective disorder is characterized by the presence of both hallucinations and
delusions.
b. Schizoaffective disorder is only diagnosed in children, while other psychotic disorders are
c. Schizoaffective disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other psychotic
disorders are not.
d. Schizoaffective disorder involves a pattern of mood disturbances and social withdrawal, in
addition to psychotic symptoms.
86. What distinguishes delusional disorder from other psychotic disorders?

a. Delusional disorder is characterized by the presence of both hallucinations and delusions.
b. Delusional disorder is only diagnosed in children, while other psychotic disorders are
c. Delusional disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other psychotic disorders
are not.
d. Delusional disorder involves the presence of one or more non-bizarre delusions for at least
one month.
87. How does brief psychotic disorder differ from other psychotic disorders?
a. Brief psychotic disorder is characterized by the presence of both hallucinations and
delusions.
b. Brief psychotic disorder is only diagnosed in children, while other psychotic disorders are
c. Brief psychotic disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other psychotic
disorders are not.
d. Brief psychotic disorder involves the presence of one or more psychotic symptoms, such as
hallucinations or delusions, for less than one month.
88. What distinguishes substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder from other psychotic

disorders?
a. Substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder is characterized by the presence of both
hallucinations and delusions.
b. Substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder is only diagnosed in children, while other
psychotic disorders are diagnosed in adults.
c. Substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event,
while other psychotic disorders are not.
d. Substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder involves the presence of one or more
psychotic symptoms that are a direct result of substance use or medication.
89. How does schizophreniform disorder differ from other psychotic disorders?
a. Schizophreniform disorder is characterized by the presence of both hallucinations and
delusions.
b. Schizophreniform disorder is only diagnosed in children, while other psychotic disorders are
c. Schizophreniform disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other psychotic
disorders are not.
d. Schizophreniform disorder involves the presence of two or more psychotic symptoms, such
as hallucinations or delusions, for a duration of one to six months.
90. What distinguishes catatonia from other psychotic disorders?
a. Catatonia is characterized by the presence of both hallucinations and delusions.
b. Catatonia is only diagnosed in children, while other psychotic disorders are diagnosed in
adults.
c. Catatonia is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other psychotic disorders are not.
d. Catatonia involves a range of motor disturbances, such as rigidity or immobility.
91. How does autism spectrum disorder (ASD) differ from other neurodevelopmental disorders?
a. ASD is only diagnosed in adults, while other neurodevelopmental disorders are diagnosed in
children.
b. ASD is characterized by deficits in social communication and interaction, as well as restricted,
repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities.
c. ASD is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other neurodevelopmental disorders are
not.
d. ASD involves a pattern of hyperactivity and impulsivity.
Answer: b
92. What distinguishes attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) from other

neurodevelopmental disorders?
a. ADHD is only diagnosed in adults, while other neurodevelopmental disorders are diagnosed
in children.
b. ADHD is characterized by deficits in social communication and interaction, as well as
restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities.
c. ADHD is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other neurodevelopmental disorders are
not.
d. ADHD involves a pattern of hyperactivity, impulsivity, and/or inattention.
93. How does specific learning disorder differ from other neurodevelopmental disorders?
a. Specific learning disorder is only diagnosed in adults, while other neurodevelopmental
b. Specific learning disorder is characterized by deficits in social communication and interaction,
as well as restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities.
c. Specific learning disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other
neurodevelopmental disorders are not.
d. Specific learning disorder involves difficulties in reading, writing, or math that are not due to
intellectual disability or lack of educational opportunities.
94. What distinguishes intellectual disability from other neurodevelopmental disorders?
a. Intellectual disability is only diagnosed in adults, while other neurodevelopmental disorders
are diagnosed in children.
b. Intellectual disability is characterized by deficits in social communication and interaction, as
well as restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities.
c. Intellectual disability is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other neurodevelopmental
disorders are not.
d. Intellectual disability involves significant limitations in intellectual functioning and adaptive
behavior.
95. How does developmental coordination disorder differ from other neurodevelopmental
disorders?
a. Developmental coordination disorder is only diagnosed in adults, while other
neurodevelopmental disorders are diagnosed in children.
b. Developmental coordination disorder is characterized by deficits in social communication and
interaction, as well as restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities.
c. Developmental coordination disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other
d. Developmental coordination disorder involves difficulties with motor coordination and/or fine
motor skills.
96. What distinguishes communication disorders from other neurodevelopmental disorders?

a. Communication disorders are only diagnosed in adults, while other neurodevelopmental
b. Communication disorders are characterized by deficits in social communication and
interaction, as well as restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities.
c. Communication disorders are caused by a specific traumatic event, while other
d. Communication disorders involve difficulties with speech, language, or social communication.
97. How does Tourette's disorder differ from other neurodevelopmental disorders?
a. Tourette's disorder is only diagnosed in adults, while other neurodevelopmental disorders are
diagnosed in children.
b. Tourette's disorder is characterized by deficits in social communication and interaction, as
well as restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities.
c. Tourette's disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other neurodevelopmental
disorders are not.
d. Tourette's disorder involves the presence of multiple motor and/or vocal tics
98. How does Alzheimer's disease differ from other neurocognitive disorders?
a. Alzheimer's disease is only diagnosed in children, while other neurocognitive disorders are
b. Alzheimer's disease is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other neurocognitive
disorders are not.
c. Alzheimer's disease involves a progressive decline in cognitive function, particularly memory
impairment.
d. Alzheimer's disease is characterized by sudden onset of cognitive impairment.
99. What distinguishes frontotemporal neurocognitive disorder from other neurocognitive

disorders?
a. Frontotemporal neurocognitive disorder is only diagnosed in children, while other
neurocognitive disorders are diagnosed in adults.
b. Frontotemporal neurocognitive disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other
neurocognitive disorders are not.
c. Frontotemporal neurocognitive disorder involves a decline in executive function, personality
changes, and/or language impairment.
d. Frontotemporal neurocognitive disorder is characterized by memory impairment.
Answer: c
100. How does vascular neurocognitive disorder differ from other neurocognitive disorders?
a. Vascular neurocognitive disorder is only diagnosed in children, while other neurocognitive
b. Vascular neurocognitive disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other
c. Vascular neurocognitive disorder involves cognitive impairment due to cerebrovascular
disease.
d. Vascular neurocognitive disorder is characterized by the presence of hallucinations.
101. What distinguishes Lewy body neurocognitive disorder from other neurocognitive
disorders?
a. Lewy body neurocognitive disorder is only diagnosed in children, while other neurocognitive
b. Lewy body neurocognitive disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while other
c. Lewy body neurocognitive disorder involves the presence of both cognitive impairment and
motor symptoms such as parkinsonism.
d. Lewy body neurocognitive disorder is characterized by memory impairment.
Answer: c
102. How does substance/medication-induced neurocognitive disorder differ from other
neurocognitive disorders?
a. Substance/medication-induced neurocognitive disorder is only diagnosed in children, while
other neurocognitive disorders are diagnosed in adults.
b. Substance/medication-induced neurocognitive disorder is caused by a specific traumatic
event, while other neurocognitive disorders are not.
c. Substance/medication-induced neurocognitive disorder involves cognitive impairment that is a
direct result of substance use or medication.
d. Substance/medication-induced neurocognitive disorder is characterized by sudden onset of
cognitive impairment.
103. What distinguishes traumatic brain injury neurocognitive disorder from other neurocognitive
disorders?
a. Traumatic brain injury neurocognitive disorder is only diagnosed in children, while other
neurocognitive disorders are diagnosed in adults.
b. Traumatic brain injury neurocognitive disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while
other neurocognitive disorders are not.
c. Traumatic brain injury neurocognitive disorder involves cognitive impairment due to a
traumatic brain injury.
d. Traumatic brain injury neurocognitive disorder is characterized by hallucinations.
104. How does mild neurocognitive disorder differ from major neurocognitive disorder?
a. Mild neurocognitive disorder is only diagnosed in children, while major neurocognitive
disorder is diagnosed in adults.
b. Mild neurocognitive disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event, while major
neurocognitive disorder is not.
c. Mild neurocognitive disorder involves cognitive impairment that is mild, but still impacts daily
functioning.
d. Mild neurocognitive disorder is characterized
105. How do genetic factors contribute to the development of mental disorders?

a. Genetic factors are the sole cause of mental disorders.
b. Genetic factors interact with environmental factors to increase the risk of developing mental
disorders.
c. Genetic factors only play a role in certain mental disorders, but not others.
d. Genetic factors have no impact on the development of mental disorders.
106. What is meant by the term "heritability" in relation to mental disorders?

a. The degree to which a mental disorder can be passed down from one generation to the next.
b. The degree to which a mental disorder is caused by environmental factors.
c. The degree to which a mental disorder can be cured through medication.
d. The degree to which a mental disorder is caused by a specific traumatic event.
107. How do twin studies help us understand the genetic contributions to mental disorders?
a. Twin studies involve genetically engineering twins to develop mental disorders, so that we
can study the effects of genetics.
b. Twin studies involve comparing the rates of mental disorders in identical twins (who share
100% of their genes) and fraternal twins (who share only 50% of their genes).
c. Twin studies involve studying the brains of twins who have developed mental disorders to
identify specific genetic mutations.
d. Twin studies have no impact on our understanding of the genetic contributions to mental
disorders.
108. How does the concept of "polygenic inheritance" relate to mental disorders?
a. Polygenic inheritance refers to the inheritance of a single gene that causes a mental disorder.
b. Polygenic inheritance refers to the inheritance of multiple genes that each contribute to the
risk of developing a mental disorder.
c. Polygenic inheritance refers to the inheritance of a mental disorder from both parents.
d. Polygenic inheritance has no impact on the development of mental disorders.
109. What is an "endophenotype" in the context of genetic contributions to mental disorders?

a. An observable trait or characteristic that is associated with a genetic risk for a mental
disorder.
b. A genetic mutation that directly causes a mental disorder.
c. A specific traumatic event that triggers the development of a mental disorder in genetically
susceptible individuals.
d. A type of environmental factor that interacts with genetic factors to increase the risk of
developing a mental disorder.
Answer: a
110. How do genome-wide association studies (GWAS) help us understand the genetic
contributions to mental disorders?
a. GWAS involve studying the genomes of individuals with and without mental disorders to
identify specific genetic variations associated with the disorder.
b. GWAS involve genetically engineering individuals to develop mental disorders, so that we can
study the effects of genetics.
c. GWAS have no impact on our understanding of the genetic contributions to mental disorders.
d. GWAS involve studying the brains of individuals with mental disorders to identify specific
genetic mutations.
111. How do epigenetic factors contribute to the development of mental disorders?

a. Epigenetic factors have no impact on the development of mental disorders.
b. Epigenetic factors can turn specific genes "on" or "off", potentially increasing or decreasing
the risk of developing a mental disorder.
c. Epigenetic factors directly cause mental disorders.
d. Epigenetic factors interact with environmental factors to increase the risk of developing a
mental disorder.
112. What is the role of gene-environment interactions in the development of mental disorders?
a. Gene-environment interactions are the sole cause of mental disorders.
b. Gene-environment interactions have no impact on the development of mental disorders.
c. Gene-environment interactions occur when specific genes directly cause the development of
mental disorders in response to certain environmental factors.
d. Gene-environment interactions occur when genetic factors and environmental factors work
together to increase the risk of developing mental disorders
113. How do biological factors contribute to the development of psychological disorders?

a. Biological factors are the sole cause of psychological disorders.
b. Biological factors interact with environmental factors to increase the risk of developing
psychological disorders.
c. Biological factors only play a role in certain psychological disorders, but not others.
d. Biological factors have no impact on the development of psychological disorders.
114. How do brain structure and function contribute to the development of psychological
disorders?
a. Certain patterns of brain activity are directly responsible for the development of psychological
disorders.
b. Brain structure and function can influence the likelihood of developing certain psychological
disorders.
c. Brain structure and function have no impact on the development of psychological disorders.
d. Brain structure and function are the sole cause of psychological disorders.
115. How does the "stress-diathesis" model explain the development of psychological
disorders?
a. The model proposes that psychological disorders are solely caused by external stressors.
b. The model proposes that psychological disorders are solely caused by biological factors.
c. The model proposes that psychological disorders develop as a result of an interaction
between genetic vulnerability and environmental stressors.
d. The model proposes that psychological disorders develop randomly and without any
discernable cause.
116. How do neurotransmitters contribute to the development of psychological disorders?

a. Imbalances in neurotransmitter levels are directly responsible for the development of
b. Neurotransmitters have no impact on the development of psychological disorders.
c. Neurotransmitters play a role in the development of certain psychological disorders, but not
others.
d. The role of neurotransmitters in the development of psychological disorders is still unknown.
117. How do hormones contribute to the development of psychological disorders?
a. Hormones have no impact on the development of psychological disorders.
b. Hormonal imbalances can contribute to the development of certain psychological disorders,
such as depression and anxiety.
c. Hormones are the sole cause of psychological disorders.
d. Hormones play a role in the development of certain psychological disorders, but not others.
118. How does genetics contribute to the development of psychological disorders?

a. Genetics are the sole cause of psychological disorders.
b. Genetics interact with environmental factors to increase the risk of developing certain
c. Genetics play no role in the development of psychological disorders.
d. Genetics only play a role in the development of certain psychological disorders, but not
others.
119. How do brain imaging techniques help us understand the biological bases of psychological
disorders?
a. Brain imaging techniques can directly identify the specific genes responsible for the
development of psychological disorders.
b. Brain imaging techniques have no impact on our understanding of the biological bases of
c. Brain imaging techniques can identify structural and functional changes in the brain that are
associated with specific psychological disorders.
d. Brain imaging techniques can be used to diagnose psychological disorders.
120. How do psychopharmacological treatments for psychological disorders work?

a. They directly cure the biological causes of psychological disorders.
b. They have no impact on the biological bases of psychological disorders.
c. They target specific neurotransmitters or other biological factors that are associated with
specific psychological disorders.
d. They work by inducing a placebo effect in individuals with psychological disorders.
121. How do environmental factors interact with biological factors to contribute to the
development of psychological disorders?
a. Environmental factors have no impact on the development of psychological disorders.
b. Environmental factors can directly cause the development of psychological disorders,
regardless of biological vulnerability.
c. Environmental factors interact with biological factors to increase or decrease the likelihood of
developing psychological disorders.
d. Biological factors are the sole cause of psychological disorders, and environmental factors
play no role.
122. How do classical conditioning processes contribute to the development of psychological

disorders?
a. Classical conditioning processes have no impact on the development of psychological
disorders.
b. Classical conditioning processes can create associations between neutral stimuli and
aversive experiences, leading to the development of psychological disorders.
c. Classical conditioning processes are the sole cause of psychological disorders.
d. Classical conditioning processes only play a role in the development of certain psychological
disorders, but not others.
123. How do operant conditioning processes contribute to the development of psychological

disorders?
a. Operant conditioning processes have no impact on the development of psychological
disorders.
b. Operant conditioning processes can reinforce maladaptive behaviors, leading to the
development of psychological disorders.
c. Operant conditioning processes are the sole cause of psychological disorders.
d. Operant conditioning processes only play a role in the development of certain psychological
124. How does observational learning contribute to the development of psychological disorders?
a. Observational learning has no impact on the development of psychological disorders.
b. Observational learning can lead to the acquisition of maladaptive behaviors and beliefs,
leading to the development of psychological disorders.
c. Observational learning is the sole cause of psychological disorders.
d. Observational learning only plays a role in the development of certain psychological
125. How does the concept of "preparedness" relate to the development of psychological
disorders?
a. Preparedness refers to the inherent readiness of individuals to develop certain psychological
disorders due to their genetic makeup.
b. Preparedness refers to the way in which individuals are able to learn and adapt to new
situations, which can influence the development of psychological disorders.
c. Preparedness refers to the idea that certain stimuli (e.g., spiders, snakes) are inherently more
anxiety-provoking than others, making them more likely to become associated with anxiety
disorders.
d. Preparedness has no impact on the development of psychological disorders.
126. How do cognitive processes contribute to the development of psychological disorders?

a. Cognitive processes have no impact on the development of psychological disorders.
b. Negative cognitive biases and distorted thinking patterns can contribute to the development
of psychological disorders.
c. Cognitive processes are the sole cause of psychological disorders.
d. Cognitive processes only play a role in the development of certain psychological disorders,
but not others.
127. How do schemas contribute to the development of psychological disorders?

a. Schemas have no impact on the development of psychological disorders.
b. Negative or maladaptive schemas can contribute to the development of psychological
disorders.
c. Schemas are the sole cause of psychological disorders.
d. Schemas only play a role in the development of certain psychological disorders, but not
others.
128. How do attributional styles contribute to the development of psychological disorders?

a. Attributional styles have no impact on the development of psychological disorders.
b. Negative or maladaptive attributional styles can contribute to the development of
c. Attributional styles are the sole cause of psychological disorders.
d. Attributional styles only play a role in the development of certain psychological disorders, but
not others.
129. How does cognitive restructuring contribute to the treatment of psychological disorders?
a. Cognitive restructuring involves changing maladaptive cognitive processes in order to treat
b. Cognitive restructuring has no impact on the treatment of psychological disorders.
c. Cognitive restructuring involves physically restructuring the brain in order to treat
d. Cognitive restructuring only works for certain psychological disorders, but not others.
130. According to cognitive theories of psychological disorders, what is the role of automatic
thoughts?
a. Automatic thoughts are the sole cause of psychological disorders.
b. Automatic thoughts can contribute to the development and maintenance of psychological
disorders.
c. Automatic thoughts have no impact on the development of psychological disorders.
d. Automatic thoughts only play a role in the development of certain psychological disorders, but
not others.
131. According to cognitive theories of psychological disorders, what is the role of core beliefs?
a. Core beliefs are the sole cause of psychological disorders.
b. Core beliefs can contribute to the development and maintenance of psychological disorders.
c. Core beliefs have no impact on the development of psychological disorders.
d. Core beliefs only play a role in the development of certain psychological disorders, but not
others.
132. How do cognitive theories explain the development of anxiety disorders?

a. Anxiety disorders are caused by a lack of insight into one's own thoughts and feelings.
b. Anxiety disorders are caused by unconscious conflicts and impulses.
c. Anxiety disorders are caused by maladaptive thoughts and beliefs about the likelihood of
negative events occurring.
d. Anxiety disorders have no cognitive basis.
133. How do cognitive theories explain the development of depressive disorders?

a. Depressive disorders are caused by a lack of insight into one's own thoughts and feelings.
b. Depressive disorders are caused by unconscious conflicts and impulses.
c. Depressive disorders are caused by maladaptive thoughts and beliefs about the self, the
world, and the future.
d. Depressive disorders have no cognitive basis.
134. According to cognitive theories, what is the role of cognitive distortions in the development
of psychological disorders?
a. Cognitive distortions are the sole cause of psychological disorders.
b. Cognitive distortions can contribute to the development and maintenance of psychological
disorders.
c. Cognitive distortions have no impact on the development of psychological disorders.
d. Cognitive distortions only play a role in the development of certain psychological disorders,
but not others.
135. How do cognitive theories explain the development of eating disorders?

a. Eating disorders are caused by a lack of insight into one's own thoughts and feelings.
b. Eating disorders are caused by unconscious conflicts and impulses.
c. Eating disorders are caused by maladaptive thoughts and beliefs about body image and
weight.
d. Eating disorders have no cognitive basis.
136. How do cognitive theories explain the development of substance use disorders?
a. Substance use disorders are caused by a lack of insight into one's own thoughts and feelings.
b. Substance use disorders are caused by unconscious conflicts and impulses.
c. Substance use disorders are caused by maladaptive thoughts and beliefs about the use of
substances.
d. Substance use disorders have no cognitive basis.
137. According to cognitive theories, what is the role of learned helplessness in the
a. Learned helplessness is the sole cause of psychological disorders.
b. Learned helplessness can contribute to the development and maintenance of psychological
disorders.
c. Learned helplessness has no impact on the development of psychological disorders.
d. Learned helplessness only plays a role in the development of certain psychological disorders,
but not others.
138. How do cognitive theories explain the role of stress in the development of psychological
disorders?
a. Stress is the sole cause of psychological disorders.
b. Stress can interact with cognitive processes to increase the likelihood of developing
c. Stress has no impact on the development of psychological disorders.
d. Stress only plays a role in the development of certain psychological disorders, but not others.
139. According to the diathesis-stress model, what is a diathesis?

a. A diathesis refers to a specific environmental trigger that causes a psychological disorder.
b. A diathesis refers to a preexisting vulnerability or susceptibility to developing a psychological
disorder.
c. A diathesis refers to the ongoing stressors that contribute to the development of a
psychological disorder.
d. A diathesis has no role in the development of psychological disorders.
140. According to the diathesis-stress model, what is a stressor?

a. A stressor is a preexisting vulnerability or susceptibility to developing a psychological
disorder.
b. A stressor is a specific environmental trigger that causes a psychological disorder.
c. A stressor is the ongoing environmental factors that contribute to the development of a
psychological disorder.
d. A stressor has no role in the development of psychological disorders.
141. How does the diathesis-stress model explain the development of psychological disorders?
a. Psychological disorders are solely caused by biological factors and have no environmental
component.
b. Psychological disorders are solely caused by environmental factors and have no biological
component.
c. Psychological disorders result from the interaction of biological vulnerabilities and
environmental stressors.
d. Psychological disorders have no identifiable causes.
142. According to the diathesis-stress model, what is the role of genetic factors in the
a. Genetic factors are the sole cause of psychological disorders.
b. Genetic factors have no impact on the development of psychological disorders.
c. Genetic factors can increase the likelihood of developing a psychological disorder in
combination with environmental stressors.
d. Genetic factors only play a role in the development of certain psychological disorders, but not
others.
143. According to the diathesis-stress model, what is the role of early life experiences in the
a. Early life experiences have no impact on the development of psychological disorders.
b. Early life experiences are the sole cause of psychological disorders.
c. Early life experiences can interact with genetic vulnerabilities to increase the likelihood of
developing a psychological disorder.
d. Early life experiences only play a role in the development of certain psychological disorders,
but not others.
144. How does the diathesis-stress model explain the different levels of risk for developing
psychological disorders among individuals?
a. The diathesis-stress model does not account for individual differences in risk for developing
b. The diathesis-stress model suggests that everyone has the same level of risk for developing
c. The diathesis-stress model acknowledges that individual differences in genetic vulnerabilities
and environmental stressors can result in different levels of risk for developing psychological
disorders.
d. The diathesis-stress model suggests that individual differences in risk for developing
psychological disorders are solely determined by genetics.
145. According to the diathesis-stress model, why might two individuals with similar genetic
vulnerabilities differ in their likelihood of developing a psychological disorder?
a. The two individuals may have experienced different environmental stressors.
b. The two individuals may have had different early life experiences.
c. The two individuals may have different coping mechanisms for dealing with stress.
d. All of the above.
146. How does the diathesis-stress model inform the development of prevention and treatment
strategies for psychological disorders?
a. Prevention and treatment strategies should only focus on environmental factors.
b. Prevention and treatment strategies should only focus on genetic factors.
c. Prevention and treatment strategies should take into account both genetic vulnerabilities and
d. Prevention and treatment strategies have no basis in the diathesis-stress model.
147. What is gene-environment interaction in the context of psychological disorders?

a. It refers to the direct effect of genes on behavior.
b. It refers to the effect of the environment on the expression of genes related to behavior.
c. It refers to the effect of behavior on the environment.
d. It refers to the effect of personality traits on gene expression.
148. What is an example of gene-environment interaction in the development of psychological

disorders?
a. A person with a genetic vulnerability to depression develops the disorder after experiencing a
traumatic event.
b. A person with no genetic vulnerability to depression develops the disorder after experiencing
a traumatic event.
c. A person with a genetic vulnerability to depression develops the disorder without experiencing
any environmental stressors.
d. A person with no genetic vulnerability to depression develops the disorder without
experiencing any environmental stressors.
149. What is the role of epigenetics in gene-environment interaction?

a. Epigenetics has no role in gene-environment interaction.
b. Epigenetics refers to changes in gene expression that are not caused by changes in the DNA
sequence, and can be influenced by environmental factors.
c. Epigenetics refers to changes in the DNA sequence caused by environmental factors.
d. Epigenetics refers to the direct effect of genes on behavior.
150. How does gene-environment interaction influence the risk for developing psychological
disorders?
a. Gene-environment interaction decreases the risk for developing psychological disorders.
b. Gene-environment interaction increases the risk for developing psychological disorders.
c. Gene-environment interaction has no impact on the risk for developing psychological
disorders.
d. The impact of gene-environment interaction on the risk for developing psychological disorders
is not well understood.
151. What is the diathesis-stress model, and how does it relate to gene-environment
interaction?
a. The diathesis-stress model suggests that genetic vulnerabilities and environmental stressors
interact to increase the likelihood of developing psychological disorders.
b. The diathesis-stress model suggests that psychological disorders are solely caused by
c. The diathesis-stress model suggests that psychological disorders are solely caused by
genetic factors.
d. The diathesis-stress model has no relation to gene-environment interaction.
152. How can gene-environment interaction inform the development of prevention and
treatment strategies for psychological disorders?
a. Prevention and treatment strategies should only focus on environmental factors.
b. Prevention and treatment strategies should only focus on genetic factors.
c. Prevention and treatment strategies should take into account both genetic vulnerabilities and
environmental stressors, and how they interact.
d. Prevention and treatment strategies have no basis in gene-environment interaction.
153. How can research on gene-environment interaction help to reduce stigma surrounding
psychological disorders?
a. Research on gene-environment interaction has no impact on reducing stigma surrounding
b. Research on gene-environment interaction can help to promote understanding that
psychological disorders are not solely caused by individual weaknesses or character flaws.
c. Research on gene-environment interaction can help to promote the idea that psychological
disorders are solely caused by individual weaknesses or character flaws.
d. Research on gene-environment interaction has no relation to stigma surrounding
154. What is an example of a psychological disorder that has been linked to gene-environment
interaction?
a. Schizophrenia
b. Depression
c. Anxiety disorders
d. All of the above
155. How does cultural background influence the manifestation of psychological disorders?
a. Cultural background has no influence on the manifestation of psychological disorders.
b. Cultural background can influence the way in which psychological disorders are expressed
and perceived.
c. Cultural background can only influence the manifestation of certain psychological disorders,
but not others.
d. Cultural background only affects the severity of psychological disorders.
156. How do social interactions contribute to the development of psychological disorders?
a. Social interactions have no impact on the development of psychological disorders.
b. Social interactions can be a source of stress and can contribute to the development of
c. Social interactions can prevent the development of psychological disorders.
d. Social interactions can cure psychological disorders.
157. What is an example of how interpersonal factors can contribute to the development of
a. A lack of social support can contribute to the development of anxiety disorders.
b. A lack of social support has no impact on the development of anxiety disorders.
c. A lack of social support can only contribute to the development of depression.
d. A lack of social support can only contribute to the development of eating disorders.
158. How can cultural sensitivity improve the treatment of psychological disorders?
a. Cultural sensitivity is not relevant to the treatment of psychological disorders.
b. Cultural sensitivity can help clinicians to better understand the cultural background of their
patients and tailor their treatment accordingly.
c. Cultural sensitivity can lead to misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment.
d. Cultural sensitivity can only lead to better communication between clinicians and their
patients.
159. What is an example of how social support can improve the prognosis for individuals with
a. Social support has no impact on the prognosis for individuals with psychological disorders.
b. Social support can improve the prognosis for individuals with depression.
c. Social support can only improve the prognosis for individuals with anxiety disorders.
d. Social support can only improve the prognosis for individuals with eating disorders.
160. What is the role of stigma in the development of psychological disorders?

a. Stigma has no role in the development of psychological disorders.
b. Stigma can contribute to the development of psychological disorders by creating barriers to
seeking treatment.
c. Stigma can prevent the development of psychological disorders.
d. Stigma can cure psychological disorders.
161. How can cultural factors contribute to the underdiagnosis and misdiagnosis of
a. Cultural factors have no impact on the diagnosis of psychological disorders.
b. Cultural factors can lead to underdiagnosis and misdiagnosis of psychological disorders if
clinicians are not familiar with the cultural background of their patients.
c. Cultural factors can only lead to overdiagnosis of psychological disorders.
d. Cultural factors can only lead to accurate diagnosis of psychological disorders.
162. What is an example of how social support can be incorporated into the treatment of
a. Providing psychoeducation to family members and loved ones of individuals with
b. Encouraging individuals with psychological disorders to isolate themselves from others.
c. Encouraging individuals with psychological disorders to rely solely on medication for
treatment.
d. Encouraging individuals with psychological disorders to avoid social situations.
163. How can interpersonal therapy be effective in the treatment of psychological disorders?
a. Interpersonal therapy has no basis in the treatment of psychological disorders.
b. Interpersonal therapy focuses on improving communication and relationship skills, which can
be beneficial for individuals with psychological disorders.
c. Interpersonal therapy can only be effective for individuals with anxiety disorders.
d. Interpersonal therapy can only be effective for individuals with eating disorders.
164. How can cultural values impact the diagnosis of abnormal behavior?
a. Cultural values have no impact on the diagnosis of abnormal behavior.
b. Cultural values can influence what is considered abnormal behavior and what is not.
c. Cultural values only impact the diagnosis of physical illnesses, not psychological disorders.
d. Cultural values can only influence the diagnosis of certain psychological disorders.
165. How can language barriers impact the diagnosis of abnormal behavior?
a. Language barriers have no impact on the diagnosis of abnormal behavior.
b. Language barriers can lead to miscommunication between clinicians and their patients, which
can impact the accuracy of diagnosis.
c. Language barriers only impact the diagnosis of physical illnesses, not psychological
disorders.
d. Language barriers can only impact the diagnosis of certain psychological disorders.
166. How can gender roles impact the diagnosis of abnormal behavior?
a. Gender roles have no impact on the diagnosis of abnormal behavior.
b. Gender roles can influence what is considered abnormal behavior for men and women.
c. Gender roles only impact the diagnosis of physical illnesses, not psychological disorders.
d. Gender roles can only influence the diagnosis of certain psychological disorders.
Answer: b
167. How can socioeconomic status impact the diagnosis of abnormal behavior?
a. Socioeconomic status has no impact on the diagnosis of abnormal behavior.
b. Socioeconomic status can influence access to healthcare and the ability to receive a proper
diagnosis.
c. Socioeconomic status only impacts the diagnosis of physical illnesses, not psychological
disorders.
d. Socioeconomic status can only influence the diagnosis of certain psychological disorders.
168. How can cultural beliefs about mental health impact the diagnosis of abnormal behavior?
a. Cultural beliefs have no impact on the diagnosis of abnormal behavior.
b. Cultural beliefs can influence whether or not individuals seek treatment for psychological
disorders.
c. Cultural beliefs only impact the diagnosis of physical illnesses, not psychological disorders.
d. Cultural beliefs can only influence the diagnosis of certain psychological disorders.
169. How can stigma impact the diagnosis of abnormal behavior?

a. Stigma has no impact on the diagnosis of abnormal behavior.
b. Stigma can prevent individuals from seeking treatment and can impact the accuracy of
diagnosis.
c. Stigma only impacts the diagnosis of physical illnesses, not psychological disorders.
d. Stigma can only influence the diagnosis of certain psychological disorders.
170. How can cultural expectations impact the diagnosis of abnormal behavior?
a. Cultural expectations have no impact on the diagnosis of abnormal behavior.
b. Cultural expectations can influence what is considered normal behavior and what is not,
which can impact the accuracy of diagnosis.
c. Cultural expectations only impact the diagnosis of physical illnesses, not psychological
disorders.
d. Cultural expectations can only influence the diagnosis of certain psychological disorders.
171. How can religious beliefs impact the diagnosis of abnormal behavior?
a. Religious beliefs have no impact on the diagnosis of abnormal behavior.
b. Religious beliefs can influence what is considered abnormal behavior and what is not.
c. Religious beliefs only impact the diagnosis of physical illnesses, not psychological disorders.
d. Religious beliefs can only influence the diagnosis of certain psychological disorders.
172. How can cultural norms around emotions impact the diagnosis of abnormal behavior?
a. Cultural norms around emotions have no impact on the diagnosis of abnormal behavior.
b. Cultural norms around emotions can influence what is considered normal emotional
expression and what is not, which can impact the accuracy of diagnosis.
c. Cultural norms around emotions only impact the diagnosis of physical illnesses, not
d. Cultural norms around emotions can only influence the diagnosis of certain psychological
disorders.
173. Which of the following is an example of an ethical principle that should be applied when
diagnosing abnormal behavior?
a. Confidentiality
b. Diagnosis based on personal beliefs
c. Disclosure of personal information
d. Informed consent not necessary
174. When diagnosing abnormal behavior, what is the primary responsibility of the clinician?
a. To provide a diagnosis as quickly as possible
b. To accurately diagnose the individual's disorder based on current diagnostic criteria
c. To provide a diagnosis that is convenient for the clinician
d. To provide a diagnosis that aligns with personal beliefs
175. What should a clinician do if they suspect that a client may harm themselves or others?
a. Keep the information confidential and continue treatment as usual
b. Inform the client's family members of the potential harm and request their assistance
c. Break confidentiality and inform the appropriate authorities
d. Encourage the client to seek alternative treatments that do not involve harming themselves or
others
176. What should a clinician do if they have a conflict of interest when diagnosing abnormal
behavior?
a. Disclose the conflict of interest and refrain from making a diagnosis
b. Disclose the conflict of interest and make a diagnosis based on personal beliefs
c. Keep the conflict of interest a secret and make a diagnosis
d. Encourage the client to seek treatment elsewhere to avoid the conflict of interest
177. Which of the following is an example of a situation where a clinician may need to break
confidentiality when diagnosing abnormal behavior?
a. When the client requests that their diagnosis not be shared with anyone
b. When the client's family member requests information about the client's diagnosis
c. When the clinician is unsure of the diagnosis and needs to consult with other professionals
d. When the client poses a danger to themselves or others
178. When diagnosing abnormal behavior, what is the importance of using current diagnostic
criteria?
a. It is not important to use current diagnostic criteria
b. Current diagnostic criteria provide a standardized method of diagnosis
c. Current diagnostic criteria are only applicable to certain disorders
d. Current diagnostic criteria do not account for cultural differences
179. When making a diagnosis, what is the importance of informed consent?

a. Informed consent is not necessary when making a diagnosis
b. Informed consent ensures that the client is aware of the potential risks and benefits of
treatment
c. Informed consent ensures that the clinician can make a diagnosis based on personal beliefs
d. Informed consent is only necessary for physical illnesses, not psychological disorders
180. What should a clinician do if they are unsure of the accuracy of a diagnosis?
a. Make the diagnosis regardless of uncertainty
b. Refrain from making a diagnosis and seek consultation with other professionals
c. Make a diagnosis based on personal beliefs
d. Encourage the client to seek alternative treatments that do not involve diagnosis
181. What should a clinician do if they have personal biases that may impact their ability to
diagnose abnormal behavior?
a. Disclose the personal biases and seek consultation with other professionals
b. Make a diagnosis based on personal beliefs
c. Keep the personal biases a secret and make a diagnosis
d. Encourage the client to seek treatment elsewhere to avoid the personal biases
182. Why is cultural competence important when making a diagnosis of psychological

disorders?
a. Cultural competence ensures that the diagnosis takes into account the individual's cultural
background and experiences.
b. Cultural competence is not necessary when making a diagnosis.
c. Cultural competence only applies to physical illnesses, not psychological disorders.
d. Cultural competence is important in determining the severity of the disorder.
183. What is the primary mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic?
a. Decreased anxiety and stress
b. Increased feelings of social connection and support
c. Increased anxiety, depression, and stress
d. No impact on mental health
184. What are some factors that may contribute to the mental health impact of the COVID-19
pandemic?
a. Fear of illness or death, social isolation, financial insecurity
b. Lack of access to healthcare, political instability, climate change
c. Educational opportunities, employment opportunities, community support
d. None of the above
185. What are some of the challenges in implementing RA 11036 (Mental Health Act) during the
COVID-19 pandemic?
a. Limited resources, including staff and funding
b. Decreased demand for mental health services
c. Lack of awareness of the Mental Health Act among healthcare professionals
d. All of the above
186. What are some potential consequences of delayed or limited access to mental health
services during the COVID-19 pandemic?
a. Increased risk of suicide and self-harm
b. Increased social connections and support
c. Decreased anxiety and depression
d. No impact on mental health
187. What is the role of telehealth in providing mental health services during the COVID-19
pandemic?
a. Telehealth is not an effective method of delivering mental health services
b. Telehealth can be an effective method of delivering mental health services, particularly for
those who are unable to access in-person care
c. Telehealth is only useful for physical health concerns
188. How can social support help individuals cope with the mental health impact of the
COVID-19 pandemic?
a. Social support can reduce feelings of isolation and increase feelings of connectedness
b. Social support has no impact on mental health
c. Social support can increase anxiety and stress
d. Social support can lead to stigmatization and discrimination
189. What is the impact of quarantine and isolation on mental health?

a. Quarantine and isolation have no impact on mental health
b. Quarantine and isolation can lead to increased anxiety, depression, and stress
c. Quarantine and isolation can lead to decreased anxiety and stress
190. How can healthcare professionals address the mental health impact of the COVID-19
pandemic?
a. By providing telehealth services and increasing access to mental health resources
b. By ignoring the mental health impact of the pandemic and focusing solely on physical health
concerns
c. By blaming individuals for their own mental health struggles
d. By limiting access to mental health resources to those who can afford it
191. What is the importance of addressing the mental health impact of the COVID-19
pandemic?
a. The mental health impact is not significant enough to warrant attention
b. Addressing the mental health impact can improve overall health outcomes and quality of life
c. Addressing the mental health impact is too expensive and time-consuming
192. What is the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of healthcare
professionals?
a. Healthcare professionals are immune to the mental health impact of the pandemic
b. Healthcare professionals may experience increased anxiety, depression, and stress due to
increased workload and exposure to the virus
c. Healthcare professionals are not impacted by the mental health concerns of their patients
193. Alex, a 25-year-old male, presents with symptoms of excessive drinking and difficulty
controlling his alcohol use. He reports feeling anxious and depressed when he is not drinking.
Which diagnosis would be most appropriate for Alex?
a. Bipolar Disorder
b. Panic Disorder
c. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
d. Alcohol Use Disorder
194. Laura, a 45-year-old female, reports feeling sad and hopeless for the past several weeks.
She experiences physical symptoms such as difficulty sleeping and decreased appetite. She
also reports feeling guilty and worthless. Which diagnosis would be most appropriate for Laura?
a. Social Anxiety Disorder
b. Bipolar Disorder
c. Major Depressive Disorder
d. Panic Disorder
195. Emily, a 50-year-old female, presents with symptoms of memory loss, confusion, and
difficulty with language. She appears to be having difficulty with daily activities and requires
assistance from family members. Which diagnosis would be most appropriate for Emily?
a. Personality Disorder
b. Alzheimer's Disease
c. Bipolar Disorder
d. Schizophrenia
196. Julie, a 35-year-old female, reports feeling nervous and tense most of the time. She
experiences physical symptoms such as muscle tension and difficulty sleeping. She also reports
having difficulty concentrating and feeling easily fatigued. Which diagnosis would be most
appropriate for Julie?
a. Generalized Anxiety Disorder
b. Social Anxiety Disorder
c. Specific Phobia
d. Panic Disorder
197. John, a 30-year-old male, presents with a flat affect, slow speech, and decreased
motivation. He reports feeling sad and hopeless for the past several weeks. Which diagnosis
would be most appropriate for John?
a. Anxiety Disorder
b. Bipolar Disorder
d. Schizophrenia
198. Sarah, a 25-year-old female, reports feeling anxious and worried most of the time. She
experiences physical symptoms such as heart palpitations and sweating when feeling anxious.
Which diagnosis would be most appropriate for Sarah?
a. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
b. Generalized Anxiety Disorder
c. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
d. Panic Disorder
199. Tom, a 50-year-old male, presents with symptoms of hyperactivity, impulsivity, and
distractibility. He reports having difficulty focusing on tasks and often interrupts others in
conversations. Which diagnosis would be most appropriate for Tom?
a. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
b. Schizophrenia
c. Personality Disorder
d. Bipolar Disorder
200. Jake, a 25-year-old male, presents with symptoms of excessive drinking and difficulty
Which diagnosis would be most appropriate for Jake?
b. Panic Disorder
c. Generalized Anxiety Disorder
201. Michael, a 20-year-old male, presents with symptoms of delusions, hallucinations, and
disorganized speech. He appears to be experiencing paranoia and believes that others are
plotting against him. Which diagnosis would be most appropriate for Michael?
a. Schizophrenia
b. Personality Disorder
c. Bipolar Disorder
d. Major Depressive Disorder
202. Sofia, a 30-year-old female, reports feeling anxious and worried most of the time. She
experiences physical symptoms such as heart palpitations and sweating when feeling anxious.
Which diagnosis would be most appropriate for Sofia?
c. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
d. Panic Disorder
203. Carlos, a 40-year-old male, presents with symptoms of excessive drinking and difficulty
Which diagnosis would be most appropriate for Carlos?
b. Panic Disorder
204. Juan, a 50-year-old male, presents with symptoms of hyperactivity, impulsivity, and
distractibility. He reports having difficulty focusing on tasks and often interrupts others in
conversations. Which diagnosis would be most appropriate for Juan?
a. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
b. Schizophrenia
d. Bipolar Disorder
205. Carmen, a 25-year-old female, reports feeling sad and hopeless for the past several
weeks. She experiences physical symptoms such as difficulty sleeping and decreased appetite.
She also reports feeling guilty and worthless. Which diagnosis would be most appropriate for
Carmen?
a. Social Anxiety Disorder
b. Bipolar Disorder
d. Panic Disorder
206. Jose, a 20-year-old male, presents with symptoms of delusions, hallucinations, and
plotting against him. Which diagnosis would be most appropriate for Jose?
a. Schizophrenia
b. Personality Disorder
c. Bipolar Disorder
207. Ana, a 35-year-old female, reports feeling nervous and tense most of the time. She
appropriate for Ana?
b. Social Anxiety Disorder
c. Specific Phobia
d. Panic Disorder
208. Luis, a 45-year-old male, presents with a flat affect, slow speech, and decreased
motivation. He reports feeling sad and hopeless for the past several weeks. Which diagnosis
would be most appropriate for Luis?
a. Anxiety Disorder
b. Bipolar Disorder
d. Schizophrenia
209. Maria, a 50-year-old female, presents with symptoms of memory loss, confusion, and
assistance from family members. Which diagnosis would be most appropriate for Maria?
c. Bipolar Disorder
d. Schizophrenia
210. Pablo, a 25-year-old male, presents with symptoms of excessive drinking and difficulty
Which diagnosis would be most appropriate for Pablo?
b. Panic Disorder
211. Fernando, a 30-year-old male, presents with symptoms of feeling sad and hopeless most
of the time. He reports feeling guilty and worthless, and experiencing physical symptoms such
as difficulty sleeping and decreased appetite. Which diagnosis would be most appropriate for
Fernando?
a. Major Depressive Disorder
b. Bipolar Disorder
c. Schizophrenia
d. Anxiety Disorder
212. Isabel, a 25-year-old female, presents with symptoms of excessive worrying and fear of
social situations. She experiences physical symptoms such as sweating and trembling in social
situations. Which diagnosis would be most appropriate for Isabel?
a. Panic Disorder
b. Specific Phobia
c. Social Anxiety Disorder
d. Generalized Anxiety Disorder
213. Miguel, a 40-year-old male, presents with symptoms of hyperactivity, impulsivity, and
distractibility. He reports having difficulty with organization and completing tasks. Which
diagnosis would be most appropriate for Miguel?
b. Bipolar Disorder
c. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
214. Lucia, a 30-year-old female, presents with symptoms of excessive fear and avoidance of
specific objects or situations. She experiences physical symptoms such as trembling and rapid
heart rate when encountering the feared object or situation. Which diagnosis would be most
appropriate for Lucia?
b. Panic Disorder
c. Specific Phobia
d. Social Anxiety Disorder
215. Andres, a 25-year-old male, presents with symptoms of delusions, hallucinations, and
plotting against him. Which diagnosis would be most appropriate for Andres?
a. Major Depressive Disorder
b. Schizophrenia
c. Bipolar Disorder
d. Personality Disorder
216. Beatriz, a 50-year-old female, presents with symptoms of memory loss, confusion, and
assistance from family members. Which diagnosis would be most appropriate for Beatriz?
a. Schizophrenia
d. Bipolar Disorder
217. Luisa, a 35-year-old female, reports feeling nervous and tense most of the time. She
appropriate for Luisa?
a. Panic Disorder
c. Social Anxiety Disorder
d. Specific Phobia
218. Jose Luis, a 45-year-old male, presents with symptoms of excessive drinking and difficulty
Which diagnosis would be most appropriate for Jose Luis?
a. Panic Disorder
b. Alcohol Use Disorder
d. Specific Phobia
219. Marta, a 20-year-old female, presents with symptoms of feeling sad and hopeless most of
the time. She experiences physical symptoms such as difficulty sleeping and decreased
appetite. Which diagnosis would be most appropriate for Marta?
a. Bipolar Disorder
b. Schizophrenia
d. Personality Disorder

Abnormal Psychology Mock Boards - WIth Answers

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Abnormal Psychology Mock Boards - WIth Answers

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Abnormal Psychology

Mock Board Examination

INSTRUCTIONS: Determine the letter of the correct answer.

1. Which of the following is an example of abnormal behavior?

3. Which of the following is a common symptom of depression?

7. Which of the following is an example of normal behavior in response to stress?

15. What distinguishes specific phobia from other anxiety disorders?

24. What distinguishes acute stress disorder from adjustment disorder?

25. How does reactive attachment disorder differ from PTSD?

29. What distinguishes trichotillomania from other obsessive-compulsive related disorders?

40. What distinguishes depersonalization/derealization disorder from other dissociative

48. What distinguishes substance/medication-induced depressive disorder from other mood

50. What distinguishes suicide from other mood disorders?

53. What distinguishes binge-eating disorder from other eating disorders?

55. What distinguishes insomnia disorder from other sleep-wake disorders?

56. How does narcolepsy differ from other sleep-wake disorders?

57. What distinguishes erectile dysfunction from other sexual dysfunctions?

59. What distinguishes exhibitionistic disorder from other paraphilic disorders?

61. What distinguishes transvestic disorder from other paraphilic disorders?

69. What distinguishes gambling disorder from other addictive disorders?

84. What distinguishes schizophrenia from other psychotic disorders?

86. What distinguishes delusional disorder from other psychotic disorders?

88. What distinguishes substance/medication-induced psychotic disorder from other psychotic

92. What distinguishes attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) from other

96. What distinguishes communication disorders from other neurodevelopmental disorders?

99. What distinguishes frontotemporal neurocognitive disorder from other neurocognitive

105. How do genetic factors contribute to the development of mental disorders?

106. What is meant by the term "heritability" in relation to mental disorders?

109. What is an "endophenotype" in the context of genetic contributions to mental disorders?

111. How do epigenetic factors contribute to the development of mental disorders?

113. How do biological factors contribute to the development of psychological disorders?

116. How do neurotransmitters contribute to the development of psychological disorders?

118. How does genetics contribute to the development of psychological disorders?

120. How do psychopharmacological treatments for psychological disorders work?

122. How do classical conditioning processes contribute to the development of psychological

123. How do operant conditioning processes contribute to the development of psychological

126. How do cognitive processes contribute to the development of psychological disorders?

127. How do schemas contribute to the development of psychological disorders?

128. How do attributional styles contribute to the development of psychological disorders?

132. How do cognitive theories explain the development of anxiety disorders?

133. How do cognitive theories explain the development of depressive disorders?

135. How do cognitive theories explain the development of eating disorders?

139. According to the diathesis-stress model, what is a diathesis?

140. According to the diathesis-stress model, what is a stressor?

147. What is gene-environment interaction in the context of psychological disorders?

148. What is an example of gene-environment interaction in the development of psychological

149. What is the role of epigenetics in gene-environment interaction?

160. What is the role of stigma in the development of psychological disorders?

169. How can stigma impact the diagnosis of abnormal behavior?

179. When making a diagnosis, what is the importance of informed consent?

182. Why is cultural competence important when making a diagnosis of psychological

189. What is the impact of quarantine and isolation on mental health?

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