Tutorial 1.

1 – Questions
1.

a. Prove Theorem 1.3.

b. Prove Theorem 1.4, (c) – (g).

Define the following function on ℝ called the absolute value function:

|𝑥| = { 𝑥 if 𝑥 ≥ 0
−𝑥 if 𝑥 < 0
2. Prove the following statements for 𝑥, 𝑦 ∈ ℝ using the correct axioms, definitions, and
theorems:

a. |𝑥| ≥ 0
b. |𝑥| = 0 if and only if 𝑥 = 0.
c. |−𝑥| = |𝑥|
d. |𝑥𝑦| = |𝑥||𝑦|
e. |𝑦| < 𝑥 ⇔ −𝑥 < 𝑦 < 𝑥 whenever 𝑥 > 0
f. −|𝑥| ≤ 𝑥 ≤ |𝑥|
g. Triangle inequality: ||𝑥| − |𝑦|| ≤ |𝑥 ± 𝑦| ≤ |𝑥| + |𝑦|

3. Let 𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧 ∈ ℝ. Which of the following statements are TRUE and which are FALSE?
Motivate your answer by referring to the correct axioms, definitions, and theorems.

a. 𝑥 ≤ 𝑦 ⇒ 𝑥𝑧 ≤ 𝑦𝑧
1 1
b. 0 < 𝑥 ≤ 𝑦 ⇒ 𝑦 ≤ 𝑥
1 1
c. 𝑥 < 𝑦 < 0 ⇒ 𝑦 < 𝑥
d. 𝑥 2 < 1 ⇒ 𝑥 < 1
e. 𝑥 2 < 1 ⇒ −1 < 𝑥 < 1
f. 𝑥 2 > 1 ⇒ 𝑥 > 1

4. In each of the following questions fill in the ⊡ with < or >. Motivate your answer by
referring to the correct axioms, definitions, and theorems.
𝑎−2 𝑎
a. 𝑎 ≥ 3 ⇒ ⊡7
7
3 3
b. 𝑎 ≥ 1 ⇒ 𝑎+1 ⊡ 𝑎
9 10
c. 𝑎 > 1 ⇒ 𝑎 ⊡ 𝑎−1

1
 1 1
d. 𝑎 > 1 ⇒ ⊡
𝑎2 𝑎
1 1
e. 𝑎 ≥ 2 ⇒ 𝑎2 −1 ⊡ 𝑎
3 2
f. 𝑎 > 3 ⇒ − 𝑎 ⊡ − 𝑎−1

5. Let 𝑥 ≥ 0 and 𝑦 ≥ 0. Show that 𝑥 < 𝑦 ⇔ 𝑥 2 < 𝑦 2 .

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