Civil Engineering November 2020 Review Innovations Hydraulics 19

NON-UNIFORM FLOW (Varied Flow)
SO = slope of the channel bed
S = slope of the egl
Retarded Flow: d1 < d2
2. A stream having a width of 5.4 m carries 16.5
m3/s at a velocity of 4.2 m/s.
a. What is the Froude number?
b. If hydraulic jump occurs, what is the
depth of water downstream?
V1 > V2 S ≠ SO c. How much energy is dissipated by
the jump?

3. Over a hydraulic drop structure in a river

22.8m wide flows 170 m3/s. On the level
apron of the structure the water flows 0.60 m
Height of the jump = d2  d1 deep in the rapid state. A hydraulic jump is to
Power lost by the jump = Q(HL) take place in the apron.
a. What is the depth downstream?
*egl is not parallel to channel bed Solve HL by writing BE or by drawing the egl Ans. 4.06 m
b. What will be the critical depth?
Solving for Q: Ans. 1.78 m
Accelerated Flow: d1 > d2 V1 < V2 S ≠ SO Generally, c. What is the energy lost in hp?
Ans. 9478.6 hp
Q
P2  P1  
v v
g 1 2
 P   hA
d. What is the Froude number
upstream? Ans. 5.12

For rectangular section:

q2 d d
 d1d2 1 2
g 2
*egl is not parallel to channel bed
1. A 3.1 – m wide rectangular flume carries
water at 5.60 m3/s. The bed slope is 0.00078
Hydraulic Jump: and n = 0.010. At a certain section, the depth
is 92 cm.
A hydraulic jump is a type of shock, where the a. How far therefrom is the depth 80
flow undergoes a sudden transition from swift, cm?
thin (shallow) flow to tranquil, thick (deep) flow. b. What is the slope of the egl?
c. What is the headloss?

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