Thăng Long Highschool Teacher: Đào Thúy Hạnh 0985 809 284

EXERCISE 1
XEM LẠI TỪ VỰNG VỀ FAMILY/school/y/LÀM WEEK BY WEEK
A. PHONETICS: wʌt ɪz i aɪ ðpi eɪ
International Phonetic Alphabet

Monothongs: các nguyên âm đơn

Practice: http://cambridgeenglishonline.com/interactive_phonemic_chart/

Exercise 1: https://agendaweb.org/exercises/phonetic/letter-a

Exercise 2: Identify the vowel sounds in each word and cross (X) the correct box.
For some words, you will have to tick two boxes.

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Words /e/ /ɒ/ /ʊ/ /iː/ /ʌ/ /i/ /ə/ /æ/ /ɔː/ /ɑː/ /ɜː/ /uː/
bring x
box !
artist x !
mother x x
stamp x
daughter x x
thirdly ! x
sugar ! !
breakfast x x
blue !
police x x
woman ! !
B. VOCABULARY : Make vs. Do

Make
1. ___ creative works ________
Ex: She __MAKES___ her own clothes.
He ___MADE__ a beautiful hat for
the wedding.
Do
1. _ Duty, responsibility, task_______
Ex: I have to __DO___ the dishes, and
the laundry everyday.

2. ______ foodand drink______ 2. _______ Ving ____________

Ex: She is ____MAKING__ a meal in the I __DO____ the shopping once a week.
kitchen. He ___DOES_ the gardening every
weekend.
3. _____ function of speech _________
3. ___ work ( including brain work )___
Ex: Can we meet at 9 a.m? He is
_MAKING_ an appointment? Ex: do your work do homework
do housework do your job
4. Other expressions
There are a number of standard 4. Other expressions
expressions that take the verb 'make'. The "She does a lot of good in the
best solution is to try to learn them. community."
make amends : sự bồi thường, bù lại "This chemical can do a lot of harm."
make arrangements "She always does favours for her
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make believe - (to pretend) colleagues." (Do someone a favour – help
make a choice someone)
make a comment do something well / badly
make a decision do your best
make a difference do something right / wrong
make an effort do the minimum / the maximum
make an enquiry do damage
make an excuse do business
make a fool of yourself do good
make a fortune do harm
make friends do time - (to go to prison)
make a fuss do well
make a journey do your best
make love do hair
make a mess do your nails
make a mistake do your worst
make money
make a move
make a noise
make a phone call
make a plan
make a point
make a profit
make a promise
make a remark
make a sound
make a speech
make a suggestion
make time
make a visit
make your bed - (to prepare the bed for
sleeping in)
make a fuss
make a fortune
make money
make a profit / a loss
make a journey
make an effort
make progress

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make a mess
make a telephone call
make a choice

5. Expression that uses either "do" or

"make":
make a deal / do a deal (I'll do it if you
help me.)

1. The house was a disaster. They ______MADE_____ a terrible mess.

2. Have you _WILL MAKE__ all the arrangements yet?
3. Vincent: English football fans came to Valencia last weekend.
Maria: Did they _______DO_______ any damage?
4. Listen. I _MADE lunch so you can ___DO____the washing up. It's only fair.
5. What he did was terrible. He didn't even ______MAKE______ an apology.
6. They're ______MAKING____ plans for their wedding.
7. Bob: Richie and I have had a fight.
Julio: Not again! You should ____MAKE______ amends once and for all. ( đền
bù)
8. Who's going to _______MAKE_____ dinner? You or me?
9. Be careful that you _______MAKE_____ the right decision.
10. He's ______MAKING___ an appointment to see the dentist on Thursday.
11. Would you ______DO________ me a favour and feed the cat while I'm away. 12.
We normally _____DO_________ the shopping on Saturday mornings.
13. Before you go out, you have to _______DO_______ your homework, OK?
14. This cake is delicious. Did you really ______MADE__ it?
15. I always ______MAKE______ my bed before breakfast.
16. Everyone ________MADE____ a big effort to help yesterday.
17. The doctor told me I have to ______DO________ exercise regularly.
18. She ____DOES____ crossword puzzles on the train everyday.
19. Stop ______MAKING__ a fuss. I'm perfectly alright. FUSS /fez/
20. I _____MADE_______ a really terrible mistake in my driving test.
21. Arnold MADEtwo phone calls from the airport.
22. I discovered that I could ___ money writing. MAKE
MAKE ĐI VỚI TIỀN NHƯNG KINH DOANH LÀ DO
23. Hi, what are you ___ here? DOING
24. I'm not DOINGanything at this time

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25. I'm sorry if I _HAD MADE a mistake
26. I don't think you have to MAKEthat choice.
27. I ___ badly on my science test. DID
28. I just want to ___ sure you're okay. MAKE
29. Do newspapers ___ more harm than good? DO
DO MORE HARM THAN GOOD/ DO MORE GOOD THAN HARM
30. Before we ___ an offer, I have some questions MAKE
OFFER: LÀM GÌ ĐÓ FREE CHO AI
31. You can't ___ business with a man who doesn't know the meaning of a contract.
DO
32. Secrets don't ___ friends. MAKES
33. I know we can ___ a change. MAKE
34. What shall we ___ now? DO
35. ___ money, spend money. That's what life's all about. MAKE make profit,
make a loss
36. The tip of high-speed dental drills are__________ of tungsten steel and often
contains diamonds. MADE
high-speed dental drills: máy khoan nha khoa tốc độ cao
tungsten steel: thép vonfram
be made of(nguyên chất)/be made from(được pha chế, chế tạo, không nguyên
chất)
37. A cottage industry is a form of manufacturing __________at home. DONE
cottage industry: tiểu thủ công nghiệp
manufacture(n) chế tạo
38. Margaret Mead __________fundamental contribution to both the theory and
fieldwork of anthropology. DID
Fundamental (adj) cơ bản
Fieldwork: lĩnh vực (n)
Anthropology: nhân chủng học
39. Many universities receive grants to __________research for the federal
government. DO
Grant: trợ cấp
Federal(n) liên bang
40. Research in genetics in the early nineteenth century__________ much to
improve agriculture. WAS DONE
Genetic(adj) di truyền -> genetics(n) di truyền học
Agriculture: nông nghiệp
41. Futurologists study current trends to. __________predictions about the future.
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MAKE
42. Filmmaker George Lucas __________many advances in the production of
motion pictures, especially in the use of special effects. MAKES
43. The distinction between wildflowers and weeds is one that is often difficult
to__________. MAKE
Wildflowers: hoa dại
Weeds: cỏ dại
44. The helicopter can __________jobs that no other aircraft can. DO
45. Yeast is added to dough to __________bread light and porous. MAKE
46. I'm an engineer. What do you ______ ? DO
47. I'll be late back. I'm going to ______ the shopping. DO
48. I just cannot find the time to ______ the accounts. I'm way behind with my
work. DO
ON ACCOUNT OF = BECAUSE OF
ACCOUNT(N) BECAUSE
49. I'd like you to ______ more of an effort. MAKE
50. I'm going to night school. I really want to ______ something of myself. MAKE
MAKE SOMETHING OF ONESHELF: TO BECOME SUCCESSFUL
51. Do you like this skirt? I ______ it myself. MADE
52. I didn't win the competition but I ______ my best. DID
53. I'm ______ enquiries about flights to Miami. MAKE
MAKE ENQUIRIES: FIND INFORMATION, INVESTIGATE
54. I know you want to help but you are ______ more harm than good. DO
55. Could you ______ me a favour? DO
56. I was really frightened. He was ______ more than 200 kpm. That's about 125
mph! DONE
DO THE SPEED
KPM: KILOMET PER MINUTES
MPH: MINUTE PER HOUR
57. I don't promise anything but I'll ______ my best. DO
58. Is there anywhere I could ______ a phone call? MAKE
59. Don't tell them about it. It's not worth ______ a fuss. MAKING
60. I don't see how we can ______ a profit in this market. MAKE
61. I've ______ all the necessary arrangements. MADE
62. Someone has to ______ a decision. MAKE
63. I don't usually go to parties but in this case I will ______ an exception. MAKE
64. Could you ______ me a favour? DO
65. Let’s ___________ an evening of it and catch the last train home. MAKING

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MAKING an evening/afternoon/the weekend OF IT: nghỉ ngơi và làm thứ mình
thích

C. Grammar : Present simple vs. present continuous

1. Use present simple or present continuous to put the verbs in brackets in their
correct form.
1. He (be) a chef. He (cook) delicious food. Now, he (cook) a new recipe.
IS-COOKS-IS COOKING
2. I (be) a doctor. I (treat) people. Currently, I (not work) . I am ill.
AM-TREAT-AM NOT WORKING
3. She (be) French. She (live) in Paris. At present, she (live) in London. She (learn)
English. IS-LIVES-IS LIVING-IS LEARNING
TEMPORARY SITUATION: HTTD KHÁC HTĐ
4. They (always/ go) to school by car. This week, they (go) to school on foot because
their car is broken. ALWAYS GO-ARE GOING
5. The earth (turn) 360 degrees every day but it (change) due to global warming.
TURNS-IS CHANGING
GRADUAL CHANGE:HTTD
6. Polar bears (live) in the north pole but climate change (affect) polar bears.
LIVE-IS AFFECTING
7. She (not seem) very happy at the moment. DOESN’T SEEM
OPINION/ATTITUDE/EMOTION/FEELING->ALWAYS HTĐ
8. We (always/ play) video games after lunch. ALWAYS PLAY
HABIT
9. He (always/ tell) lies to me. IS ALWAYS TELLING
MAKE COMPLAINT
10. We (always/ celebrate) our wedding anniversary. ALWAYS CELEBRATE
11. He (always/ forget) our wedding anniversary! IS ALWAYS FORGETTING
12. The train (leave) Manchester at 11 and (arrive) in London at 14.30.
LEAVES-ARRIVES
TIMETABLE/SCHEDULE: HTĐ
13. They (have) a party tomorrow. ARE HAVING
FUTURE MEANING: HTTD
14. Tomorrow (be) Tuesday. IS/WILL BE

D. UNIT 1: Family life (revision)

1. Gap - filling: Choose the suitable words from the box to complete the
sentences.
breadwinner groceries washing - up sociable laundry
enormous for homemaker shares chores
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1.A ______ homemaker _______ is a person who manages a home and often raises
children instead of earning money from a job.
2.A ____ breadwinner _____ is the member of a family who earns the money that the
family needs. 
3.In a food store, shop or supermarket, you can buy a lot of ____ groceries ____ such
as food and clothes.
4.There are a lot of dirty clothes and sheets in Tom’s room, so it’s time for him to do
his ___ laundry ____
5.Traditionally, girls have to do ____ washing - up _____ which consists of cleaning
plates, pans, glasses, forks, etc. after a meal.
6.When I’ve done my ____ chores ____ which involve cleaning the floor and washing
the curtain, I will go out with my friends.
7.In my family, everyone _______ shares _______ the household duties. My mother
cooks, my father cleans, my sister does all the laundry and I do the washing - up.
8.In many cultures, a father is the breadwinner, who is responsible ____ for ____ the
family finances.
9.A variety of people do not realize the _____ enormous _________ benefits of
joining hands to do housework in a family.
10.At school, Jack is very _______ sociable _________ with his teachers andfriends.
He likes to meet and spend time with them.
2. Word formation: Give the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. To be fair, we need to divide the tasks____________ . (equal) EQUALLY
2.My mom and dad are checking the ____________ for their gold wedding
anniversary. (prepare) PREPARATION
3.Heavy lifting is an action which requires ____________ strength, (physic)
PHYSICAL
4.It is good for them as individuals and good for all the ____________ within the
family. (relate) RELATIONSHIPS RELATE TO
5. ____________ say that a lot of young people are not aware ofthese advantages.
(Psychology) PSYCHOLOGISTS
6.Her ___________to the company is enormous, (contribute) CONTRIBUTION
7. In order to maintain peace, we should not be____________ of eachother, (criticize)
CRITICAL
8.I want to see the very cute and lovely children at____________ schools, (nurse)
NURSERY: nhà trẻ KHÁC NURSING HOME: viện dưỡng lão
9.Mary and her husband always join hands in ____________ their daughters,
(educate) EDUCATING JOIN HAND IN: cùng chung tay làm gì
10. A person will be considered_________ if he orshe does not take good care of his
or her parents or grandparents. (grate) UNGRATEFUL: k biết ơn

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->DỊCH NGHĨA KHI LÀM WORD INFORM ĐỂ XEM NGHĨA KHẲNG ĐỊNH
HAY PHỦ ĐỊNH
3. Choose the best answer.
1.Women whose husbands do not contribute to household chores are more vulnerable
to illness. The underlined word has the closest meaning to:
A. happy B. easy to be hurt C. hard D. friendly
2.Tom: “Which of the chores do you dislike doing the most?”-Jerry: “
_________________”
A.I like cooking and sweeping the floor.
B.I do the laundry, cook and wash the dishes.
C.Well, my favorite activity is doing the washing - up.
D.Washing the dishes, because I often break things when I do the washing - up.
3.As a housewife, she stays at home and _________ her children. She takes care of
them, feeds them and protects them to develop.
A.nurtures B. nurture C. nature D. natures
4.It is unfair to state that a woman’s job is to look ______ everyone in the family and
takes care ______ the house.
A.in - on B.after-in C. of - of D. after - of
5.“The lecturer splits the students into four groups” has the closest meaning to:
A.The lecturer divides the students into four groups.
B.The lecturer divided the students into four groups.
C.The lecturer goes into four groups of students.
D.The lecturer went into four groups of students.
6.“They equally share the parenting” has the closest meaning to:
A.They are all unemployed.
B.They take care of each other.
C.They come back home at the same time.
D.They share the housework and childcare evenly.
7. ___________ is the state where things are of equal weight or force.
A. Balance B. Changing C. Moving D. Importance
8.David’s part - time job requires a lot of ___________Therefore, he usually carries
the boxes weighing up to 50 kilos and he needs effort and energy to move them.
A. light lifting B. easy carrying C.heavy lifting D.
simple chores
9.According to a survey, a lot of young people prefer to live in ________ families
which consist of parents and children.
A. nuclear B. extended C. three generation D. four generation
10.The _________ family, which consists of three or even four generations is only
popular in some regions today.
A. nuclear B. extended C. intended D. small
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11. I can’t answer the phone now. I _______ dinner.
A. cook B. cooking C.am cooking D.cooks
12. Excuse me, _________ you _______ your newspaper? Could I borrow it?
A. are - read B. are - reading C.do - reading D.do -
read
13.My mum usually __________ the washing - up.
A. do B. doing C.is doing D. does
14. I am afraid he can’t go out with you right now. He _________ his car.
A. repair B. repairs C. repairing D. is repairing
15. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
A.cereal B. critical C.create D. crack
16. We ____________ how to use energy more efficiently now than in the past.
A.knows B. are knowing C.knowing D.know
17.Choose the answer which needs correcting.
As the air is rising (A),it becomes cooler (B) and the water vapor inside it (C) changes
into droplets of water (D). -> rises
18.Choose the answer which needs correcting.
From (A) the graphs, we can see (B) that the number of employees employed (C) by
this firm increases (D)each year. -> is increasing
19.Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others.
A.cook B. December C. decide D. cereal
20.Choose the answer which needs correcting.
I wear(A) casual clothes because we (B)are having a (C) party at (D) lunchtime
Am wearing (future meaning)
4. Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences
Question 1: The technological advances_________birth to the Industrial Revolution,
which was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about
1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.
A. took B. gave C. had D. made
TRANSITION: SỰ CHUYỂN TIẾP
Give birth to sth: mở ra giai đoạn mới cho sự kiện gì
Question 2: A number of the kids in my classroom come from_________homes.
A. broken B. damaged C. hurt D. separated
Question 3: After a_________divorce from his wife of 20 years, the actor married a
woman young enough to be his daughter.
A. hostile: cục cằn, thô lỗ B. unhappy C. bitter:cay đắng, nhiều
tranh chấp D. normal

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Question 4: An _________family is a family consisting of parents like father, mother,
and their children, aunts, uncles, and cousins, all living nearby or in the same
household.
A. nuclear B. loving C. close-knit D. extended
- Close-knit family: Gia đình thân thiết
- Intermediate family: Gia đình ruột thịt
- Extended family: Đại gia đình ( Bao gồm cô dì chú bác)
- Adoptive family: Gia đình có nhận nuôi con
- Nuclear family: Gia đình gồm bố mẹ và con (gia đình hạt nhân)
- Half - brother/sister: Anh em cùng cha (mẹ) khác mẹ (cha)
Question 5: His parents died in a car accident 3 years ago and he has been
_________up by his grandparents since then.
A. grown B. brought C. taken D. made
Question 6: A _________ mother is the woman who gives birth to a child, regardless
of whether she is the genetic mother or subsequently brings up the child.
A. step B. adoptive C. birth D. law
Adoptive mother: mẹ nuôi => adopted-child: con nuôi
Biological mother: mẹ đẻ = birth mother
Question 7: She decided to quit the job despite its high salary because she was not on
good_________with her boss.
A. terms B. well
C. relations D. relationships
Question 8: John had a_________childhood, growing up with happily married parents
and three brothers.
A. carefree B. careful C. careless D. troubled
Question 9: My aunt’s going through a_________divorce; she’s paying a fortune in
legal fees.
A. bitter B. messy divorce: tranh chấp mặt tiền bạc
C. mutual D. carefree
MUTUAL: TƯƠNG HỖ
LEGAL FEES: PHÍ HỢP PHÁP
Question 10: Some women choose to_________an abortion rather than care for a
severely disabled child.
A. have B. give C. get D. A and C
ABORTION(N) SỰ PHÁ THAI
Question 11: A judge might_________sole custody to the mother, and the father has
to pay child support.
A. reward B. award/grant C. receive D. accept
Sole: duy nhất
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Custody: quyền nuôi con
Question 12: He is a_________boy in the family and his parents always give him
everything he wants.
A. blue-eyed B. naked-eyed C. black sheep D. spoiled
Spoiled boy: người dễ nổi giận
Black sheep: lạc loài
Question 13: My sister_________pregnant immediately after she got married.
A. took B. gave C. had D. got
Question 14: _________is the fact of someone having been born into a family that
belongs to the highest social class
A. Cold blood B. Blue blood
C. Bad blood D. Fresh blood
Question 15: My son is making a diagram of our family_________for a school
project.
A. background B. tree C. root D. roof
Family tree: gia phả
Question 16: My wife is pregnant with twins. They are_________in February.
A. come B. date C. due D. here
Due date: ngày dự định/ ngày hết hạn cho việc gì đó
Question 17: If you are unable to meet the legal and moral responsibilities of
parenthood, you may give the baby_________adoption. There are professional
adoption services and agencies to help you find a loving forever home for your baby.
A. up for B. in for C. out of D. up to
Question 18: Sally was granted sole_________ of the children from her first marriage.
A. keeping B. custody C. guardian D. adoptive
Question 19: The celebrity wrote a book about his_________family.
A. debilitated B. defective C. dysfunctional D. effective
Celebrity(n) danh nhân
Question 20: They have three biological children and two_________children.
A. adopted B. adoptive C. adopting D. adoptable

E. READING: CÁC DẠNG CÂU HỎI CƠ BẢN TRONG BÀI TẬP ĐỌC HIỂU
CÂU HỎI Ý CHÍNH
Câu hỏi 1: Tìm ý chính của bài đọc (Main idea)
Câu hỏi 2: Xác định mục đích của bài (Purpose)
Câu hỏi 3: Nhận diện cách tổ chức ý tưởng hoặc bố cục chung hoặc thái độ
(general organization or attitude)

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MAIN IDEAS QUESTIONS
What is the topic of the passage? What is the
subject of the passage? What is the main idea of
the passage?
Các câu hỏi thường What is the author's main point in
gặp the passage? With what is the
author primary concerned?
Which of the following would be the best title?
What is the author's main purpose in the passage?
Cách làm - Đọc các dòng đầu tiên của mỗi
đoạn văn.
- Tìm ý chung nhất trong dòng đầu tiên và tìm mối liên
hệ giữa chúng.
- Trong quá trình đọc, chú ý đến những từ khóa được
lặp đi lặp lại.
- Thường làm câu hỏi này cuối cùng sau khi đã trả lời
các câu hỏi chi tiết trước để đỡ mất thời gian.
- Đọc lướt nhanh toàn bài để kiểm tra xem đã tìm đúng
nội dung chính hay chưa.
- Loại các phương án chắc chắn sai. Thông thường các ý
chính thì sẽ không quá chung chung, không quá chi tiết
và cũng không thể không được nhắc đến trong bài (too
general), (too specific) or (not mentioned)
- Chọn phương án đúng nhất trong các phương án còn lại.

Example The passenger: Read the following passage and choose the correct
answer to the question below.
Increasing numbers of parents in the U.S. are choosing to teach their children
at home. In fact, the U.S. Department of Education has estimated that in 1999,
about 850,000 children were being homeschooled. Some educational experts say
that the real number is double this estimate, and the ranks of homeschooled
children seem to be growing at the average rate of about eleven percent every
year. At one time, there was a theory accounting for homeschooling: it was
traditionally used for students who could not attend school because of behavioral
or learning difficulties. Today, however, more parents are taking on the
responsibility of educating their own children at home due to their dissatisfaction
with the educational system. Many parents are unhappy about class size, as well
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as problems inside the classroom. Teacher shortages and lack of funding mean
that, in many schools, one teacher is responsible for thirty or forty students. The
children are, therefore, deprived of the attention they need. Escalating classroom
violence has also motivated some parents to remove their children from school.
Although there have been a lot of arguments for and against it, homeschooling in
the U.S has become a multi-million dollar industry, and it is growing bigger and
bigger. There are now plenty of websites, support groups, and conventions that
help parents protect their rights and enable them to learn more about educating
their children. Though once it was the only choice for troubled children,
homeschooling today is an accepted alternative to an educational system that
many believe is failing.

QUESTION
Which is the best tittle for the passage?
A. Reasons for Homeschooling in the USA.
B. The Trend of homeschooling in the USA.
C. Homeschooling - one of the ways of education in the USA.
D. Education system in the USA.

CÓ WAYS -> SO SÁNH NÓ VỚI CÁI KHÁC

PHẢI TÌM TỪ ĐỌC XUYÊN SUỐT CẢ BÀI

READING
READING 1. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to
indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Herman Melville, an American author best known today for his novel Moby
Dick, was actually more popular during his lifetime for some of his other works.
He traveled extensively and used the knowledge gained during his travels as the
basis for his early novels. In 1837, at the age of eighteen, Melville signed as a
cabin boy on a merchant( tàu buôn) ship that was to sail from his Massachusetts
home to Liverpool, England. His experiences on this trip served as a basis for the
novel Redburn (1849). In 1841, Melville set out on a whaling ( tàu săn bắt cá
voi) ship headed for the South Seas. After jumping ship in Tahiti, he wandered
(v) lang thang around the islands of Tahiti and Moorea.This South Sea island
sojourn was a backdrop ( phông nền) to the novel Omoo (1847). After three
years away from home, Melville joined up with a U.S. naval(adj) hải quân
frigate(n) chiến hạm nhì that was returning to the eastern United States around
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Cape Horn. The novel White Jacket (1850) describes this lengthy voyage as a
navy(n) hải quân seaman.
With the publication of these early adventure novels, Melville developed a
strong and loyal(adj) trung thành following among readers eager for his tales of
exotic(adj) kì lạ places and situations. However, in 1851, with the publication of
Moby Dick, Melville's popularity started to diminish(v) giảm bớt. Moby Dick,
on one level the saga of the hunt for the great white whale, was also a heavily
symbolic allegory(N) tượng trưng of the heroic(adj) anh hùng struggle of
humanity against the universe. The public was not ready for Melville's
literary(adj) văn học metamorphosis(n) sự biến hình from romantic adventure
to philosophical(adj) triết học symbolism. It is ironic(adj) mỉa mai that the
novel that served to diminish Melville's popularity during his lifetime is the one
for which he is best known today.
QUESTIONS
Question 1: The main subject of the passage is .
A. Melville's travels B. the popularity of Melville's novels
C. Melville's personal background D. Moby Dick
uestion 2: The passage would most likely be assigned reading in a course on
.
A. nineteenth-century novels B. American history
C. oceanography(n) hải dương học D. modem American literature

READING 2. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D

to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Aging(sự lão hóa) is the process of growing old. It occurs eventually in every
living thing provided, of course, that an illness or accident does not kill it
prematurely. The most familiar outward signs of aging may be seen in old people,
such as the graying of the hair and the wrinkling(nhăn nheo) of the skin. Signs
of aging in a pet dog or cat include loss of(mất) playfulness(sự vui tươi) and

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energy, a decline(V)(suy thoái) in hearing and eyesight, or even a light graying of
the coat. Plants are too, but the signs are much harder to detect(phát hiện).
Most body parts grow bigger and stronger, and function more efficiently
during childhood. They reach their peak at the time of maturity, or early
adulthood. After that, they begin to decline. Bones, for example, gradually
become lighter and more brittle(giòn, mỏng mảnh). In the aged, the joints(các
khớp nối) between the bones also become rigid(v)(cứng rắn) and more
inflexible. This can make moving very painful.
All the major organs(nội tạng) of the body show signs of aging. The brain, for
example, works less efficiently, and even gets smaller in size. Thinking processes
of all sorts are slowed down. Old people often have trouble in remembering recent
events. One of the most serious changes of old age occurs in the arteries(động
mạch), the blood vessels(mạch máu) that lead from the heart. They become
thickened and constricted(thắt lại), allowing less blood to flw to the rest of body.
This condition accounts, directly or indirectly, for many of the diseases of the
aged. It may, for example, result in heart attack. Aging is not a uniform process.
Different parts of the body wear out at the different rates. There are differences
among people in their rate of aging. Even the cell(tế bào) of the body differ in the
way they age. The majority of cells are capable of reproducing themselves many
times during the course of a lifetime. Nerve cells and muscle fiers can never be
replaced once they wear out.
Gerontologists(bác sĩ lão khoa) - scientists who study the process of aging -
believe this wearing out of the body is controlled by a built-in biological time-
clock. They are trying to discover how this clock works so that they can slow
down the process. This could give man a longer life and a great number of
productive years.

QUESTIONS
Question 1: What is the main idea of the fist paragraph?
A. Signsof aging are easier to detect in animal than in plants.
B. Aging occurs in every living thing after it has reached maturity(trưởng thành).
C. Not all signs of aging are visible(sự hiện rõ).
D. The outward(bề ngoài) signs of aging may be seen in old people.
Question 2: What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A. Gerontologists have controlled the process of aging.
B. Gerontologists are working hard to help people live longer and more healthily

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C. Gerontologistsare trying to give people an eternal(sự vĩnh hằng) life.
D. Gerontologists are now able to slow down the process of aging

Week by week
My Progress Week 1

PHONETICS rules

VOCABULARY (words, phrases, idioms, ect)

GRAMMAR

Review UNIT

SKILLs

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