INTERACTIVE SCHEMATIC

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 KENR7761-02
December 2010

Description Line 1
312D Excavator
Description
Hydraulic Line 2- Attachment
System
Hydraulic System
Description
JBC1-UP Line 3
Hydraulic
XGK1-UP
Serial #:
RHL1-UP
System
Description Line
Serial #: 4 Serial #: Serial #:

Hydraulic System
XXX1-UP XXX1-UP XXX1-UP XXX1-UP
Serial
KES1-UP
XXX1-UP#: Serial
XXX1-UP#: Serial
XXX1-UP#: Serial
XXX1-UP#:
XXX1-UP
HCW1-UP
XXX1-UP XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP
Serial
XXX1-UP#: Serial
XXX1-UP#: Serial
XXX1-UP#: Serial
XXX1-UP#:
XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP XXX1-UP XXX1-UP XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP XXX1-UP XXX1-UP XXX1-UP
XXX1-UP XXX1-UP XXX1-UP XXX1-UP

System 20: Combined Function

© 2010 Caterpillar, All Rights Reserved Printed in U.S.A.

COMPONENT LOCATION

Part Machine Schematic

Description
Number Location Location
Attachment: System 20: Combined Function
Sensor As - Pressure (Auxiliary Hydraulic) 221-8859 1 E-2
Switch As - Pressure (Blade) 309-5769 2 A-5
Switch As - Pressure (Pilot, Boom Up) 309-5769 3 E-3
Valve Gp - Control (2-Pump, 1-Way) 310-0157 4 D-6
Valve Gp - Priority (Flow Divider Valve) 310-0037 5 A-4
Valve Gp - Relief (Line) 309-9973 6 D-2
Valve Gp - Shuttle 123-2430 7 D-7
Valve Gp - Shuttle (Pilot) 185-0462 8 A-5
Valve Gp - Solenoid 121-6303 9 C-7
Valve Gp - Solenoid (Negative Flow Cont / Propn Red Valve ) 171-0188 10 B-1
Valve Gp - Solenoid (Negative Flow Control) 226-3109 11 B-1
Valve Gp - Solenoid & Pressure Reducing (Work Tool Control) 270-5766 12 D-7
Valve Gp - Solenoid & Relief (Auxiliary Combined Function LH) 270-5672 13 E-2
Valve Gp - Solenoid & Relief (Auxiliary Combined Function RH) 270-5757 14 F-2
Standard 312D
Accumulator Gp - Pilot Manifold 164-6981 20 B-4
Cylinder Gp - Boom Note A 21 F-5
Cylinder Gp - Bucket Note A 22 F-4
Cylinder Gp - Stick Note A 23 F-4
Filter Gp - Case Drain 289-8194 24 A-3
Filter Gp - Pilot Hydraulic 158-8987 25 B-3
Filter Gp - Return Oil 259-0869 26 A-3
Manifold Gp - Control 215-5037 27 B-4
Motor Gp - Swing 170-9893 28 F-5
Motor Gp - Left Travel 277-6697 29 F-7
Motor Gp - Right Travel 277-6697 30 F-6
Pump Gp - Main Hydraulic 311-7404 31 B-2
Sensor As - Left Pump Pressure 260-2180 32 A-2
Sensor As - Right Pump Pressure 260-2180 33 B-2
Switch As - Pressure (Pilot, Boom Lower) 309-5769 34 B-3
Switch As - Pressure (Action Input, Pilot System) 309-5768 35 E-4
Switch As - Pressure (Action Input, Pilot System) 309-5768 36 E-4
Swivel Gp 162-4696 37 E-7
Tank Gp - Hydraulic Oil 282-7381 38 A-3
Valve Gp - Cooler Bypass 171-0002 39 C-1
Valve Gp - LH Joystick 270-5951 40 A-7
Valve Gp - Main Control 270-5866 41 D-2
Valve Gp - Pilot Travel 310-0415 42 B-7
Valve Gp - Pressure Reducing (Boom, Swing Priority) 310-0210 43 C-2
Valve Gp - RH Joystick 270-5952 44 A-6
Valve Gp - Shuttle 123-2430 45 C-4
Valve Gp - Solenoid & Pressure Reducing 238-0751 46 C-3
Valve Gp - Travel LT Counterbalance 303-4484 47 E-7
Valve Gp - Travel RT Counterbalance 303-4484 48 E-6
Note A: Refer to parts manual for specific cylinder information.
TAP LOCATION

Tap Schematic
Description
Number Location
AA Work Tool Extend Pressure D-7
BB Work Tool Retract Pressure D-7
CC Left Pump Negative Flow Signal Pressure B-1
DD Right Pump Negative Flow Signal Pressure A-1
EE Right Pump Delivery Pressure B-2
FF Left Pump Delivery Pressure A-2
GG Pilot Pump Delivery Pressure B-3
HH Case Drain Pressure A-2
JJ Power Shift Pressure A-2
KK Work Tool Control Pressure D-7
SOS Hydraulic Oil Sampling Port B-3
FLUID POWER SYMBOLS
BASIC COMPONENT SYMBOLS

MAIN AUX.
PUMP: VARIABLE and
PUMP or MOTOR FLUID CONDITIONER SPRING CONTROL VALVES RESTRICTION LINE RESTRICTION 2-SECTION PUMP PRESSURE COMPENSATED
(FIXED)

VARIABILITY SPRING LINE RESTRICTION PRESSURE HYDRAULIC PNEUMATIC LINE RESTRICTION ATTACHMENT
(ADJUSTABLE) (VARIABLE) COMPENSATION ENERGY TRIANGLES VARIABLE and PRESSURE
COMPENSATED

VALVE ENVELOPES
VALVES
VALVE PORTS

ONE POSITION TWO POSITION THREE POSITION TWO-WAY THREE-WAY FOUR-WAY

CONTROL VALVES CHECK VALVES

AB AB

P T P T
BASIC SPRING SHUTTLE PILOT
NORMAL POSITION SHIFTED POSITION INFINITE POSITION
SYMBOL LOADED CONTROLLED

FLUID STORAGE RESERVOIRS

VENTED PRESSURIZED RETURN ABOVE FLUID LEVEL RETURN BELOW FLUID LEVEL

MEASUREMENT ROTATING SHAFTS

PRESSURE TEMPERATURE FLOW UNIDIRECTIONAL BIDIRECTIONAL

COMBINATION CONTROLS

SOLENOID SOLENOID SOLENOID SOLENOID and SERVO THERMAL DETENT

or MANUAL and PILOT PILOT or MANUAL

MANUAL CONTROL SYMBOLS

PUSH-PULL LEVER MANUAL SHUTOFF GENERAL MANUAL PUSH BUTTON PEDAL SPRING

RELEASED PRESSURE PILOT CONTROL SYMBOLS

REMOTE SUPPLY PRESSURE

EXTERNAL RETURN INTERNAL RETURN SIMPLIFIED COMPLETE INTERNAL

SUPPLY PRESSURE

ACCUMULATORS CROSSING AND JOINING LINES HYDRAULIC AND PNEUMATIC CYLINDERS

SPRING LOADED GAS CHARGED LINES CROSSING LINES JOINING SINGLE ACTING DOUBLE ACTING

HYDRAULIC PUMPS HYDRAULIC MOTORS INTERNAL PASSAGEWAYS

FIXED VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT FIXED VARIABLE DISPLACEMENT INFINITE THREE TWO

DISPLACEMENT NON-COMPENSATED DISPLACEMENT NON-COMPENSATED POSITIONING POSITION POSITION

UNIDIRECTIONAL UNIDIRECTIONAL

FLOW IN ONE PARALLEL CROSS FLOW ALLOWED IN

BIDIRECTIONAL BIDIRECTIONAL DIRECTION FLOW FLOW EITHER DIRECTION
ELECTRICAL SYMBOLS
Hydraulic Symbols (Electrical)

G M
Transducer Transducer Generator Electric Motor
(Fluid) (Gas / Air)

Pressure Switch Pressure Switch Temperature Switch Electrical Wire

(Adjustable)

Electrical Symbols (Electrical)

Pressure Temperature Level Flow

Symbol Symbol Symbol Symbol

Wire Number Identification Codes

Electrical Schematic Example Hydraulic Schematic Example

Current Standard Current Standard

Harness identification code
This example indicates
wire 135 in harness "AG". Wire
Circuit Number Wire Color
Identification

325-AG135 PK-14
325-PK
Circuit Identification Wire Color Wire Gauge
Number

Previous Standard
Wire Color
Wire

325-PK-14
B A
Circuit Number Wire Gauge
Identification (EXAMPLE VALVE)
 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

HYDRAULIC CIRCUIT COLOR DESCRIPTIONS

(29) MOTOR GP (30) MOTOR GP RIGHT MAIN PUMP OUTPUT

RIGHT TRAVEL (21) CYLINDER GP (22) CYLINDER GP PILOT PUMP OUTPUT

LEFT TRAVEL (28) MOTOR GP (23) CYLINDER GP
277-6697 BOOM BUCKET
LEFT MAIN PUMP OUTPUT

277-6697 SWING STICK TRAVEL SPEED CONTROL CIRCUIT

SUPPLY LINE

F7 F6 F5 F4 F3 F2 F1
170-9893 DRAIN / RETURN LINE
LEFT AND RIGHT MAIN PUMP POWERSHIFT CIRCUIT
TRAVEL MOTOR (LEFT) TRAVEL MOTOR (RIGHT) SWING MOTOR ATTACHMENT CONTROL CIRCUIT
RIGHT TRAVEL MOTOR CONTROL CIRCUIT
SINGLE SINGLE LEFT TRAVEL MOTOR CONTROL CIRCUIT
PR
F F
SWING MOTOR CONTROL CIRCUIT
BOOM CYLINDER CONTROL CIRCUIT
DOUBLE DOUBLE BUCKET CYLINDER CONTROL CIRCUIT
DR STICK CYLINDER CONTROL CIRCUIT
SWING BRAKE CONTROL CIRCUIT

Pp3 Pp3
T1 T1 AL2 BL2 AR3 BR3 BL4 AL4 P2

T2 T2
(14) VALVE GP
R SOLENOID & RELIEF
BG AG (AUXILIARY COMBINED FUNCTION RH)
270-5757
P2 P1 (1) SENSOR AS
AG BG AG B MU A
BG G PRESSURE (AUXILIARY HYDRAULIC)
BR2 AR2 221-8859
(3) SWITCH AS R (13) VALVE GP
(48) VALVE GP PRESSURE

E7 E6 E5 E4 E3 E2 E1
SOLENOID & RELIEF
TRAVEL RT (35) SWITCH AS (36) SWITCH AS (PILOT, BOOM UP)
(AUXILIARY COMBINED FUNCTION LH)
COUNTERBALANCE PRESSURE PRESSURE 309-5769 P1
A B B A
270-5672
303-4484 (ACTION INPUT, PILOT SYSTEM) (ACTION INPUT, PILOT SYSTEM)
309-5768 309-5768
E E
(47) VALVE GP
TRAVEL LT BR1 BL1
COUNTERBALANCE
303-4484 AR1 AL1 bR5 bR2 bL2
BL1
(12) VALVE GP AL1 BL2 bL3 bL4
SOLENOID &
(37) SWIVEL GP BP BR3 AR3 bR3 BR2 AR2 BR1 AR1 bR1 bL1 BL4 AL4
PRESSURE REDUCING
162-4696 AL2
(WORK TOOL CONTROL) B1 PA1 bR4 bL5 CP2 bL6 dB
A1 PSW PTA BL3 AL3
270-5766
(OUT) (R) (FWD) (FWD) (UP) (UP) (OUT) (CLOSE)
P2 P1

T2 T1

BOOM(1)

BUCKET
(EXT) (RET) (EXT)

D4 D3 D2 D1
STICK(1)
D7 D6 D5
A3 A2 A1

ATCH
B3 B2 B1
(41) VALVE GP
AA BB KK MAIN CONTROL
D 270-5866 D

SWING

TRAVEL(L)

TRAVEL(R)
bL3 aL3 BP

(7) VALVE GP F1 R2
SHUTTLE
123-2430 AP PY
HL

STICK(R)
bR5 HR
P (6) VALVE GP
(4) VALVE GP RELIEF (LINE)
A
T CONTROL 309-9973
(2-PUMP, 1-WAY)

BOOM(2)
310-0157

STICK(2)
C7 C6 C5 C4 C3 C2 C1
(9) VALVE GP
SOLENOID (45) VALVE GP
121-6303 SHUTTLE
R1 123-2430
(IN) (L) (BACK) (BACK) (DOWN) (IN) (OPEN) T
C dA1 CP1 aR5 dA aL5 pB1 dB1 aL6 A C
dST1 (DOWN) E
PP aL3 aL4 F
aR3 aR2 aR1 PR aL1 PL aL2 D
(39) VALVE GP
C B COOLER BYPASS
P1 P2
171-0002
A1 B1 A1 B2 A2
1 7
(FWD) (FWD)
bR1 bL1 6 A1
T2 T4
3
P2 Pi1 P-IN PSA2 DR1 PSA1 (43) VALVE GP
5 P T A1 PRESSURE
T
T-OUT2 DR2 2 4 P1 P2 A2 REDUCING (BOOM,
SWING PRIORITY)
(TRAVEL)

T1 T3
(SWING)

aR1 aL1 B1 310-0210 A2

NO.1

NO.2

(BACK)
(LOCK)

(BACK)

B7 B6 B5 B4 B3 B2 B1
NO.3

P B2
TRAVEL(L) TRAVEL(R) (34) SWITCH AS
(33) SENSOR AS (31) PUMP GP T
PRESSURE T
(42) VALVE GP TT RIGHT PUMP MAIN
(PILOT, BOOM LOWER)
PILOT TRAVEL TP P1 PRESSURE HYDRAULIC
B 309-5769
311-7404
B
310-0415 260-2180
OUT IN (11) VALVE GP
PAC
EE SOLENOID
DR3 DR4 Pi2 DR5 T-OUT1 DR6 T
PS CC (NEGATIVE FLOW CONTROL)
M4 226-3109
PG PC M2
bR3-1 aL2-1 JRP (10) VALVE GP
JR3 (46) VALVE GP
JL1 (20) ACCUMULATOR GP SOLENOID
JLT (DOWN) aL2-1 bL2-1 bR2-1 aR3-1 SOLENOID &
(OUT) Pn1
STICK BOOM bL4-1 aL4-1 bR3-1 aR2-1
PILOT MANIFOLD
164-6981
PRESSURE GG SOS A2 (NEGATIVE FLOW CONT / PROPN
SWING BUCKET REDUCING RED VALVE)
bR2-1 aL4-1 A4 A6 A7
JL4 JR2
A1 A2 A3 A5 A8 238-0751 171-0188
A3
(L) (CLOSE) (27) MANIFOLD GP
JL2
CONTROL
JR4 (25) FILTER GP
(R) (OPEN) 215-5037 S1 LINE PATTERNS
aR2-1 SWING bL4-1 BUCKET PILOT HYDRAULIC
STICK BOOM
P2 P1
158-8987 DrM HH Pressure Line

JL3 JRT JR1 (24) FILTER GP Dr Pilot / Load Sensing Pressure

B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8

A7 A6 A5 A4 A3 A2 A1
(IN) (UP)
JLP CASE DRAIN Drain / Return Lines
bL4 aL4 bR2 aR2 289-8194 S2
aR3-1 bL2-1 Component Group
aL2 bL2 bR3 aR3
M5
JJ Attachment
(40) VALVE GP A1
A (44) VALVE GP Air Line A
LH JOYSTICK RH JOYSTICK Pn2
(2) SWITCH AS (8) VALVE GP
270-5951 270-5952
PRESSURE SHUTTLE E2 C E1 DR
M1
M3
DD CALLOUTS
PM YY Taps (Pressure, Sampling,Sensor) by letter
(BLADE) (PILOT) (5) VALVE GP
PR PL
309-5769 185-0462 PRIORITY (38) TANK GP FF THIS SCHEMATIC IS FOR THE 312D EXCAVATOR
(FLOW DIVIDER VALVE) (26) FILTER GP HYDRAULIC OIL
(32) SENSOR AS ATTACHMENT: SYSTEM 20: COMBINED FUNCTION
310-0037 RETURN OIL 282-7381
LEFT PUMP PRESSURE PART NUMBER: 270-5840, CHANGE: 01, VERSION: HE
259-0869 260-2180 Components are shown installed on a fully operable machine with the key and engine off,
and with parking brake set.
Refer to the appropriate Service Manual for Troubleshooting, Specifications and Systems Operations.

7 6 5 4 3 2 1
MACHINE COMPONENT LOCATIONS

39 43 45 46 47 29 1 13 37 8 3 40 2 44 42 21 23

36

35

34

4 22

14

27 32 33 30 48 5 26 28 21

6 13 14 34 35 36 39 43 45 46 1 2 3 40 44
4

23
26

5 21

27 22

32

33

29 30 47 48 28 37 8 42
MAIN PUMP AND FILTER CIRCUITS

SOS GG

31 HH EE 38

24

FF JJ 25
NEGATIVE FLOW VALVE GROUP

41
9

TOP VIEW

20 10
WORK TOOL VALVE GROUP

11 CC DD

A
A

A
A

SIDE VIEW

12 KK

BB

AA
VIEW AA
7