Infectious Coryza : Avian Contagious

Catarrh

Abdul Samad, M. Hamza, Sheraz zafer, Areeb Ahmer, Ayesha Muazzam and

Sania Tariq

FVAS MNS-University of Agriculture Multan

Introduction to Disease
Infectious Coryza is a respiratory disease. Infectious Coryza occur due to a bacteria named as
Avibacterium paragallinarum.Clinical signs of Infectious coryza are Runny nose, laziness and
face swelling. Effected bird could be recover by using antibiotics at initial stage. We can prevent
birds from infectious coryza by adopting appropriate measures of biosecurity, good
managemental practices and doing vaccination of birds. Infectious Coryza seen in many country
and it effect especially multistage farm.

Other Names
Contagious catarrh

Cause of Disease
Infectious Coryza is caused by a bacterium name as Avibacterium paragallinarum. It is gram
negative Bacteria. Many birds effected by infectious coryza but mortality rate in this disease is
20%.

Route of disease Transmission

Bacteria enters in the body by conjunctiva or nasal route. It have incubation time of 2-3 days
while it effects whole flock in 10 days. It cannot transmit in egg so it is not vertical disease.
Bacteria remains alive 2-3 days outside of the bird’s body. Use of disinfectant and heat will kill
bacteria
Signs of disease
Swelling of Face, Watery discharge from eyes and nose of bird, swelling of wattles, Wheezing,
Poor respiration, 10-40% decrease in egg production and Anorexia. Coryza not usually cause
death of the bird but it decrease down the production of bird (egg and meat). It also effects on
FCR of bird as bird will not eat feed properly so it will also give low weight which cause
economical lose for a farmer

Post Mortem Lesions

Inflammation in Conjunctiva, Adherence of eyelids, Conjunctiva contain Caseous material,
Hemorrhages on trachea

How to find out disease

It can be diagnose by PCR.Gram-negative Isolation technique History of bird. Postmortem
analysis. Hemagglutination-inhibition test

Treatment
Some Antibiotics are used as treatment in chicken which act as bactericidal and might prevent
bird from disease.Streptomycin, Dihydrostreptomycin, Sulphonamides, Tylosin, Erythromycin
and Flouroquinolones are some common antibiotics which are used to prevent bacterial
infection.

Control measure
There are two methods to control the disease

 Biosecurity
 Vaccination

Biosecurity
We should follow the strict rule for bio security. No one from outside should enter in the
shed.Use sanitized equipment. Always use one time needle and sanitized needle while doing
vaccine.Disinfectant should use after one flock during cleaning of house. In large farm BBB
level of biosecurity should be adopt.
Vaccination
Several vaccines are available to help prevent coryza, however, they can cause production losses
and mortality. Vaccination is usually only used in areas where the disease is commonly found or
when an outbreak occurs. The management practice, in areas where this is common, is to remove
the affected flock, clean and disinfect the premises, and not repopulate the flock until three
weeks after disinfection. As with all diseases, the best prevention is practicing good biosecurity

.Differential diagnose
There are some important differential diagnosis

Important differential diagnoses are Fowl cholera, MG, ILT, ND,IB,AI, Head swollen syndrome
and hypovitaminosis A

Use of Herbal drugs

Use herbal drugs as it will not cause of drug resistivity and have higher effect on disease recent
studies tells that use of herbal disease instead of Antibiotics are useful.

Advantage of Herbal Drugs

Fight against disease. Does not have any negative effect on bird. Prevent drug resistivity. No
residuals remains in egg and meat which make safe meat and egg for human

Key points
IC is a respiratory disease which is caused by a bacteria named as Avibacterium
paragallinarum effecting Avian groups.It can be diagnose by using PCR. We can minimize
the occurrence of disease by using different strategies like improving the management, doing
vaccination, adopting all in and all out strategies, following measures of bio security and
using Antibiotics in feed.