General Oriantation & On Campus Training By

Different Faculties

Introduction
India has135.26 crores (2018) population. Where, Agriculture is the primary source of
livelihood for about 58 per cent of India's population. Its gross irrigated crop area of 82.6
million hectares (215.6 million acres) is the largest in the world. Currently, it has
7.39 percent of total global agricultural output and it contributes about 17% of Indian GDP at
current prices. The production of horticulture crops is estimated at record 313.9 million
metric tonne (MMT) in 2018-19 as per third advance estimates. Therefore, a vast
population’s economy and health is directly stood on agriculture. Agricultural
interventions includes many principles, techniques, methodologies and its aim is to improve
the nutritional status of crops by better crop management practices utilizing indigenous
sources and technologies with modern techniques. The Government of India is operating
many projects, programmes and schemes through the control of ICAR, New Delhi in
Agriculture Sector. Its aims are research, education and training for transfer of innovative
technologies to support of Agricultural Development. RAWE and RHWE, a farmer’s field
training programmed is being conducted under the control of each State Agriculture and
Horticulture Universities and its affiliated colleges. Its aims are transfer of innovative
agriculture technologies up to farmers in rural areas through students to support of Agri-
Horticultural Development.
I/we the 4th year student(s), 5th Dean Committee, Danteshwari College of Horticulture,
Mana, Raipur(CG), affiliated to Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur (CG). And
I/we are involved in Rural Horticultural Work Experience (RHWE) for the fulfillment of our
degree programmed with its core aims to transfer of innovative agriculture technologies up to
farmers in rural areas. Within the subject I/we have done this programmed in the village,
Mana Tuta, Mana Basti,Raipur(CG).
In the village attachment training programmed, we learnt the core idea of Agro-
interventions from faculty staffs, have applied in the farmer’s field as per suitability. As per
aims and local needs we focused on to utilize of indigenous sources and materials for trained
to farmers to improve soil heath. Since last some years many teams related RHWE have been
worked in this area. However, the improvement in crop production was further needed. We
were focused on improving soil fertility management using indigenous techniques to reduce
the risk from chemical farming and to support sustainable agriculture. Therefore, following
activities we included under Agronomical Intervention:-

1. Demonstration of NADEP Compost preparation method to train the farmers

2. Demonstration of Matka manure preparation method to train the farmers
 3. Survey of weed in our crop field for better weed management
4. Demonstration on preparation of Vermicompost preparation method to train the farmers
5. Demonstration on management of Crop residues preparation method to train the farmers

1
NADEP method of making miracle compost was first invented by a farmer named
Narayan Deotao Pandharipande (also popularly known as “Nadepkaka”) living in Maharashtra
(India), Kumawat et al., 2017. This method becomes quite popular among the farmers in India
because of harmless and low cost indigenous technique (Singh, 2000; Rao, 2002; Ghosh, 2004).
The organic manures play a great role as they not only supply balanced nutrients but also retain
substantial amount of moisture (Kumar et al., 2017.) Traditionally, farmers used to apply
farmyard manures to crops grown under rainfed condition (Mandal, R. and Sharma, G.K., 2019.)
No scientific procedures are followed for preparing the manure and as a result the quality of the
manure used to be very poor. Slowly over a period of time farmers have lost interest in farmyard
manure and mainly depending on chemical fertilizers, which further deteriorated the soil health,
infiltration and water holding capacities compost can be prepared from wide range of organic
materials including dead plant material such as crop residues, weeds, forest litter and kitchen
waste. Compost making is an efficient way of converting all kinds biomass into high value
fertilizer that serves as a good alternative to farmyard manure, especially for crop-growing
households without livestock.

Materials were used

1. Bricks
2. Cement
3. Spade
4. Tashla
5. Cow dunk
6. Plant residue
7. Home waste

Selecting and Preparing the Site for NADEP Tank

NADEP method uses a permanently built tank of mud or clay bricks, or cement blockades. It is,
therefore, important to choose the permanent site for the tank with care (Kumar et al., 2017.).
This is good anytime of the year where moisture is limiting, and is the best way to make compost
after the rains have finished and during the dry season.
 Prepare and dig the pit, or better still, a series of three pits, when l

 If possible, make compost immediately at the end of the rainy season while there are
plenty of green and moist plant materials.
 In the dry season, make the pit near a place where water can be added, e.g. next to the
home compound where waste water and urine can be thrown on the compost materials, or
near a water point, e.g. a pond, or near a stream where animals come to drink.
 Mark place of the pit with a ring of stones or a small fence so people and animals do not
fall into it accidentally.
NADEP was prepared using following steps :
 Coating the inner sides of the NADEP structure with slurry of dung, than filling with a
layer (15-20 cm) of waste material as per treatment.
 Covered the layer with dung slurry which have 150 liter of water.
 Then covered the material with 3 inch thick layer of soil.
 Spray with adequate quantity of water to saturate the layer.
 After filling the structure, the unit was covered with a thick layer of mud (8 cm) + thin
layer (2 cm) of dung slurry, up to 45 cm height.
 Filled the structure after one month as the material was composted.
 There after 120 Days of composting the material was taken out from the NADEP unit
for used.
Result Discussion/ Experience:
 Farmers are very impressed after seeing this demonstration.
 Farmers were interested & agreed to adopt this technique.
 It is totaly organic and useful for enhancing soil health.
 It is very cheap and easy process, and can be prepare in house

Note: Try to write it in paragraph…..

Report Compiled by: By Guide by:

Yogesh Dewangan, Rakesh Mandal, Assist. Professor,

Student, 4th Year, RHWE-2019-20 Dept. of Soil Science & Agril. Chemistry,
Danteshwari College of Horticulture
Mana, Raipur (CG).
2
Demonstration of Matka manure preparation method to train the farmers

Note: Do write your report as describe above in NADEP compost

demonstration.
3
Survey of weed in our crop field for better weed management

“Describe and give the collection list of weeds”

4
Demonstration on preparation of Vermicompost preparation method to train the farmers

Note: Do write your report as describe above in NADEP compost

demonstration.
5
Demonstration on management of Crop residues preparation method to train the farmers