UNIT- 03

WIRING METHODS AND WIRING LAYOUTS

FACTORS DETERMINIG THE SELECTION OF WIRING METHODS-

The selection of a wiring system depends on several factors, including:

1. Type of building: The type of building where the wiring system will be

installed plays a major role in selecting the appropriate wiring system.
Different types of buildings have different requirements and codes for
electrical installations, which can influence the selection of the wiring
system.
2. Electrical load: The electrical load that the wiring system is required to
carry is an important factor in determining the size and type of wire, as
well as the type of insulation and the number of conductors needed.
3. Environment: The environment where the wiring system will be
installed is also an important factor. The presence of moisture, dust, or
corrosive substances can affect the type of insulation, the choice of
conduit or raceway, and the type of wire.
4. Cost: The cost of the wiring system is a significant factor in determining
the selection of a wiring system. The cost includes the cost of the wiring
itself, as well as the cost of installation, maintenance, and repair.
5. Safety: Safety is a critical factor in selecting a wiring system. The wiring
system must be safe for the occupants of the building, as well as for the
building itself. Safety considerations include the ability of the system to
handle fault currents, the risk of fire or electrical shock, and compliance
with local electrical codes and standards.
6. Future expansion: The ability to expand the wiring system in the future
is another factor to consider. It is important to choose a wiring system
that can accommodate future electrical loads and expansions without
requiring significant modifications or replacement of the existing wiring.
7. Aesthetics: The aesthetic appearance of the wiring system may also be
a factor to consider, particularly in buildings where the wiring system is
visible to occupants or visitors. The choice of conduit, raceway, or other
wiring system components may need to be made with aesthetics in
mind.
CLASSIFICATION OF WIRING METHODS-
There are two methods of wiring known as joint box system (or Tee system) and loop in system.

1. Joint Box or Tee System-

In joint box system the connections to the lamps are made through joints made in joint box
by means of suitable connectors or joint cutouts. In this method though there is a saving in
the quantity of wire or cable required but the same is offset by the extra cost of joint boxes.
The other disadvantage is the number of ‘T’ connection made in wiring system results in
weakness if not properly made. Now a days the use of this system is limited to temporary
installations only as its cost is low.

2. Loop-in System-

This system is universally used for connections of various lamps or other appliances in
parallel. In this system when a connection is required at a light or switch, the feed
conductor is looped in by bringing it direct to the terminal and then carrying it forward
again to the next point to be fed as shown in fig.-4. The switch and light feeds are carried
round the circuit in a series of loops from one point to another until the last point on the
circuit is reached.

The phase or line conductors are looped either in switch board or box and neutrals are
looped either in switch board or from light or fan. Line or phase should never be looped
from light or fan.