PLUMBING DESIGN COURSE

AYMAN HASSAN
MECHANICAL ENGINEER
aymmhas@yahoo.com
01004334635
 PURPOSE OF PLUMBING DESIGN SYSTEM

THE PURPOSE OF PLUMBING DESIGN SYSTEM,

IS TO PROVIDE CLEAN WATER SUPPLY

WITH A SUITABLE CAPACITY &PRESSURE

TO WATER FIXTURES
&
, TO DRAIN THE RESULT OUTSIDE THE BUILDING
SAFELY WITHOUT AFFECTING HEALTH.

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 PLUMBING COURSE OUTLINE 1/3

1 st Lecture:
 Introduction to Plumbing Systems.
 Codes & Standards for Plumbing design& installation.
 Water Supply System layout.
 Estimation of Water Demand for various projects.

2 nd Lecture:
 Main Components of Water Supply Network. (Water Supply
pipes & Valves).
 Hot Water System.

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 PLUMBING COURSE OUTLINE 2/3

3 rd Lecture:
 Sizing of Water Supply Pipes.
 Pumps Selection(Booster pump, Lifting Pump).

4 th Lecture:
 PRACTICAL SESSION for Water Supply System (AutoCAD).

5 th Lecture:
 Drainage System Layout.
 Selection of Drainage pipes, Sizing of Pipes.
 Lift Station and Slow Down Chamber Design.

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 PLUMBING COURSE OUTLINE 3/3

6 th Lecture:
 Sewer Drainage Systems (Inspection Chambers – Manholes –
Storm Drainage… etc).

7 th Lecture:
 PRACTICAL SESSION for Drainage System(AutoCAD).

8 th Lecture:
 PRACTICAL SESSION for Plumbing Systems (REVIT).

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 1. INTRODUCTION TO PLUMBING SYSTEMS

1. Water Supply System (Tanks – Pumps – Pipes – Valves).

2. Sewer Drainage System (including air conditioning

condensate drainage and kitchen waste drainage).

3. Storm (Rain) Water Drainage System.

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 ‫‪2. CODES AND STANDARDS OF‬‬
‫‪PLUMBING SYSTEM‬‬

‫‪ ‬الكود المصري لتصميم وتنفيذ خطوط المواسير لشبكات مياه الشرب والصرف‬
‫الصحي ‪.‬‬

‫‪ ‬الكود المصري ألسس تصميم وشروط التنفيذ لهندسة التركيبات الصحية للمباني ‪.‬‬

‫‪ UNIFORM, NATIONAL & INTERNATIONAL PLUMBING CODES.‬‬

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 3. WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM

A. Sources of Water.

B. Estimation of Water Demand for a Certain Project.

C. Water Supply Network Components.

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 A. SOURCES OF WATER

 The water network of a building/project is being supplied by

using one or more of the following sources:

1. Municipal (City -Potable) Water Network Directly.

2. Underground Water Tank.

3. Roof Water Tank.

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 1. MUNICIPAL WATER SUPPLY NET WORK

 Water is supplied from water station after filtration/treatment

to fill Elevated Water Tanks, the water then supply buildings
by the action of gravity.

 Elevated Water Tank is re -filled by using water pumps located

near to the elevated tank.

 Elevated Tanks helps to avoid the intermittent operation of

pumps and thus decrease operating duration of pump and
increase its life time.

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 FIXTURES MINIMUM
OPERATING PRESSURE

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 FLUSH VALVE / FLUSH TANK

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 2. UNDERGROUND WATER TANK

 Underground water tanks are used when a continuous supply

of water is needed(Hospitals -Hotels-Factories,…).

 Also water tanks is needed if the project has high water

demand and thus has huge pumps which couldn’t be obtained
directly from the municipal water network.

 The underground water tank is filled by municipal water

network, then a pumping station is used to elevate water to
the buildings fixtures with the minimum required operating
pressure.

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 UNDERGROUND WATER TANK

 Underground water tanks are being sized according to the

desired storage duration and project application.

 Underground water tanks are commonly made of concrete.

 Water filters maybe used before filling tanks, if the municipal

water network is contaminated.(or at Hospitals)

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 UNDERGROUND WATER TANK

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 UNDERGROUND WATER TANK

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 UNDERGROUND WATER TANK

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 UNDERGROUND WATER TANK

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 3. ROOF WATER TANK

 Roof water tanks are used to minimize the capacity of

underground water tank and also decreases the operating
time of ground water pumps(LIFTING PUMP).

 Roof water tanks are used to supply the project by gravity so

it decreases and minimizes the load on the ground water
pump (regardless of the highest floors which need small
capacity pumps due to low static pressure of water due to low
water head).

 Roof water tanks are made of (polyethylene -polypropylene-

stainless steel-GRP)

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 ROOF WATER TANK

 Roof water tanks are placed at the highest point at roof floor
to increase the static head as much as possible, increasing
static pressure would avoid installing an additional roof water
network to supply last floors by additional pumps.

 Civil engineer should be revised for roof tank location and

capacities(weight).

 Underground tank supplies the roof tanks by using a lifting

pump, and then roof tanks supply the system directly by a
gravity roof water network and a Booster pump for highest
floors(if needed).

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 ROOF WATER TANK

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 ROOF WATER TANK

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 PLASTIC TANKS

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 STAINLESS STEEL
ABOVE-GROUND TANKS

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 GRP TANK

 Corrosion resistant tanks made of composite materials(Glass

Reinforced Plastic).

 Used when a specific capacity of water storage tank is

needed(a capacity not found in plastic tanks).

 Concrete Roof tanks also may be also used for very hot areas
to avoid excessive heating of water or tank damage.

 If GRP tanks with large capacities will be installed at roof

floor, it should be installed on columns to avoid excessive
load on roof floor which would damage roof slab.

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 GRP ABOVE-GROUND TANK

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 GRP ABOVE-GROUND TANK

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 GRP ABOVE-GROUND TANK

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 B. ESTIMATION OF WATER DEMAND
FOR A CERTAIN PROJECT

 Water demand(Capacity and storage duration ) for a project

should be well estimated to ensure a continuous supply of
water whenever needed by project occupants or equipments.

 The water demands varies from one project to another, also

storage duration varies according to project location and
municipal water supply conditions:(1day storage for a
residential building – 2 days for hospitals, ….)

 Amount of stored water should be well estimated to avoid:

1. (Huge capacity & high cost) if overestimation of stored
water occurred, OR
2. Shortage of water if underestimation had occurred.

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 ESTIMATION OF WATER DEMAND
FOR A CERTAIN PROJECT
 To estimate the required water capacity the following factors
should be known:

1. Required water demand for occupants according to the

application.

2. Number of project occupants& equipments.

3. Water Storage Duration.

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 1. REQUIRED WATER DEMAND
ACCORDING TO APPLICATION(1/2)

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 REQUIRED WATER DEMAND ACCORDING
TO APPLICATION(2/2)

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 2. NUMBER OF PROJECT
OCCUPANTS& EQUIPMENTS
 The water demand depends basically on the number of project
occupants and equipments need to be supplied with water(if
required) such data should be known from one of the
following sources:

1. Data from project Architect.

2. Furniture of drawing plans(number of rooms for hotels

/hospitals – number of of fices for of fice buildings, ……etc).

3. By estimating occupants number according to the total

gross area of the project.( 1 person occupies about 100ft 2 at
of fice building).

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 ARCHITECTURE FURNITURE

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 ESTIMATION OF NUMBER OF
PERSON FOR A PROJECT 1/2
“ASHRAE”

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 ESTIMATION OF NUMBER OF
PERSON FOR A PROJECT 2/2
“ASHRAE”

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 ESTIMATION OF NUMBER OF
PERSON FOR A PROJECT
“IBC”

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 ESTIMATION OF NUMBER OF
PERSON FOR A PROJECT
“IBC”

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 ESTIMATION OF NUMBER OF
PERSON FOR A PROJECT
“IBC”

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 ESTIMATION OF WATER
TANK SIZE “EXAMPLE”
 Estimation of water supply requirements for a hotel building
(5 Stars) consists of 150 room:

1. Number of rooms=150

2. Required water capacity per room= 1500 (liter per room per
day, including all services and staf f ).

3. Total water demand per day= 150*1500=225 m 3 .

4. Water demand for (2) days=225*2=450 m 3 .

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 TANKS ARRANGEMENT

OPTION(1): GROUND TANK ONLY

 Install an underground tank of 2 compartments each of
225m 3 .

OPTION(2):GROUND TANK & ROOF TANKS

 Install an underground tank of 2 compartments each of
200m 3 and a roof top tanks of the remaining 50m 3 .

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