1.

Explain the philosophy of Socrates "The unexamined life is not worth living"

“The unexamined life is not worth living,” this is a very famous quote by Socrates, and it means that if
you’re not performing examination to yourself you won’t realise how unique you are. Having an
unexamined life won’t help you improve your life and you will keep doing the same mistakes you’ve
done before. For without thinking and asking questions about yourself, life is not worth living.

2. Give the three-part soul of Plato and define each concept.

Reason symbolizes the mind and represents the ruling class, a rational mind thinks, analyzes, and
gauges options for the best outcome of any given situation. It denotes conscious awareness and
works for the benefit of the entire soul, thus making it wise.

Spirit or passion symbolizes the heart and represents the military class. Courage is the highest virtue
of the spirit, and it’s associated with bravery, honor, and overcoming great challenges..

Physical appetite symbolizes the stomach and represents the commoners, desire is ruled by sexual
gratification, greed for money, comfort foods, and various other necessities that mostly take up an
individual’s life.

3. .In two (2) sentences, in Western Thought, how is the Self Socially Constructed?

In Western thought social construction is where they share their assumptions and their thoughts of
other people. They have no meaning until it is given to them by others. The self is nothing but a
bundle of perceptions, thoughts, and interactions.

4.  In two (2) sentences, in Eastern Though, how is the Self Socially Constructed?

The eastern social construct is primarily viewed as collectivistic and is always grounded on nature.
the self as an essence does not exist and this is due to our ignorance of the true nature of the world.

5. What is Confucianism?

Confucianism is often characterized as a system of social and ethical philosophy rather than a
religion. They have 3 main beliefs: 1) benevolence toward others; 2) a general sense of doing what is
right; and 3) loyalty and diligence in serving one's superiors. “Ritual (Li).

6. Give the three kinds of soul according to Aristotle and define each concept.
Vegetative soul has the capacity for growth and reproduction but does not have the capacity to
receive and react to sense impressions or the capacity for rational thought.
The sensitive soul has the capacity to receive and react to sense impressions but does not have a
capacity for rational thought.
The intellectual/rational soul belongs to man alone. The rational soul is that by virtue of which
we possess the capacity for rational thought, capable of thinking and understanding.
7. Define Culture and Enculturation.

Culture can be defined as all the ways of life including arts, beliefs and institutions of a population
that are passed down from generation to generation.

Enculturation is the process by which an individual learns about his/her own culture. It is simply a
process where a child learns about its own culture and adopts it.
8. What is the concept of John's Locke "tabula rasa"?

In Locke's philosophy, tabula rasa was the theory that at birth the (human) mind is a "blank slate"
without rules for processing data, and that data is added and rules for processing are formed solely
by one's sensory experiences.

9. Enumerate the three (3) layers of the Self according to Sigmund Freud and explain each.
The id is driven by the pleasure principle, which strives for immediate gratification of all desires,
wants, and needs.
The ego is the component of personality that is responsible for dealing with reality. The ego
functions in both the conscious, preconscious, and unconscious mind.
The superego is the ethical component of the personality and provides the moral standards by
which the ego operates.
10. What is Buddhism?
Buddhism is a path of practice and spiritual development leading to Insight into the true nature
of reality. . Buddhists believe that the human life is one of suffering, and that meditation,
spiritual and physical labor, and good behavior are the ways to achieve enlightenment, or
nirvana. They believe in Dukkha, Anitya and Anatma.
11.

According to Mead's theory, the self has two sides or phases: 'me' and 'I.' The 'me' is considered the
socialized aspect of the individual. The 'me' represents learned behaviors, attitudes, and
expectations of others and of society. This is sometimes referred to as the generalized other.The 'I'
represents the individual's identity based on response to the 'me.' The 'I' says, 'Okay. Society says I
should behave and socially interact one way, and I think I should act the same (or perhaps
different),' and that notion becomes self. The 'me' and the 'I' have a didactic relationship, like a
system of checks and balances. The 'me' exercises societal control over one's self. The 'me' is what
prevents someone from breaking the rules or boundaries of societal expectations. The 'I' allows the
individual to still express creativity and individualism and understand when to possibly bend and
stretch the rules that govern social interactions. The 'I' and the 'me' make up the self.