2.
What makes the transported of
Text 1
There are three separate sources of
hazard in the process of supplying energy by
nuclear power. The radioactive material
must travel from its place of manufacture at
the power station. Although the power
stations themselves are solidly built, the
containers used for the transport of the
materials are not. There are normally only
two methods of transport available, namely
road or rail. Unfortunately, both of these
involve close contact with the general
public, since the routes are sure to pass near,
or even through, heavily populated areas.
Next, there is the problem of waste. All
nuclear power stations produce wastes that
in most cases will remain radioactive for
thousands of years. It is impossible to make
these wastes non radioactive, and so they
must be stored in one of the inconvenient
ways that scientists have in vented. For
example they may be buried under the
ground, or dropped into abandoned mines,
or sunk in the sea. However, these methods
do not solve the problem, since an
earthquake could easily crack the containers
open.
Finally, there is the problem of
accidental exposure due to a leak or an
explosion at the power station. As with the
other two hazards, this is not every likely, so
it does not provide a serious objection to the
nuclear program. Nevertheless, it can
happen.
Separately, these there types of risks are
not a great cause for concern. On the whole
though, the probability of disaster is still
high.
1. The whole text tells us about …..
A. the danger of transporting
radioactive materials
B. the way to make radioactive wastes
not dangerous for people
C. the potential dangers in supplying
energy by nuclear power
D. the accidents caused by nuclear
power stations
E. people's objections to the
establishment of nuclear
stations
radioactive materials dangerously
for people's lives?
A. The road
B. The containers
C. The rail
D. The power station
E. The heavily populated areas
3. Which of the following statement is
TRUE about radioactive wastes?
A. There will be no more danger
when radioactive wastes are
buried underground.
B. There is no chance of saving
people's lives from radioactive
wastes.
C. Radioactive wastes become
non-radioactive when they are
sunk in the sea.
D. Only earthquakes can change
radioactive wastes into non-
radioactive wastes.
E. Natural disasters may cause
very serious leaks in buried
containers of radioactive
wastes.
4. In spite of the problems which are
likely at occur in supplying energy
by nuclear power, the writer thinks
that
A. people will strongly object to it
B. the probability of disaster is
high
C. hazards should be rigidly
controlled
D. it's worth conducting nuclear
programs
E. there is a great cause for
concern
5. We may conclude from the third
paragraph that the problem of
accidental exposure is caused by…
A. human error
B. an earthquake
C. radioactive wastes
D. hazards
E. bad design of the nuclear
station
Text 2
 Hurricanes generally occur in the North
Atlantic from may through November, with
the peak of the hurricane season in
September; only rarely will they occur from
December through April in that part of the
ocean. The main reason for the occurrence
of hurricanes during this period is that the
temperature on the water's surface is at its
warmest and the humidity of the air is at its
highest.
Of the tropical storms that occur each
year in the North Atlantic only about five,
on the average, are powerful enough to be
called hurricanes, To be classified as a
hurricane, a tropical storm must have winds
reaching speeds of at least 117 kilometers
per hour, but the winds are often much
stronger than that; the winds of intense
hurricanes can easily surpass 240 kilometers
per hour.
6. The passage mainly discusses ....
A. the number of hurricanes in a year
B. the strength of hurricanes
C. the weather in the North Atlantic
D. hurricanes in a certain part of the
world
E. hurricanes and disasters of the
world
7. Which of the following is TRUE
according to the text?
A. There are always hurricanes in the
North-Atlantic all year round.
B. Extremely warm weather and high
humidity can cause hurricanes.
C. Very strong winds are the result of
hurricanes.
D. Hurricanes occur every month from
May to November.
E. Tropical countries have a lot of
intense hurricanes.
Text 3
Among the various effects of air
pollution, climatic change are slow, the
deterioration of health is insidious, and the
damage to plants, animals, or materials
seems remote to those not directly involved.
But smoke is visible to all, and the stinks of
sulfides are all over. As a result, most
complaints by individuals to air pollution
agencies refer to something that can be seen
or smelled.
8. What is the main idea of the paragraph?
A. The effect of air pollution on
people's lives can be direct and
indirect.
B. People are not directly affected by
the damage of plant and animals.
C. People complain about all the
pollutants in the air.
D. Climatic change does not
immediately have an effect on
people's lives.
E. Complaints by individuals have
been made to pollution agencies.
9. The main information about at the
paragraph is ….
A. the danger of air pollution
B. the slow climatic change
C. the effects of air pollution
D. wastes emitted by air pollution
E. complaints about air pollution
Text 4
Continued progress in advanced
technology is not necessary. Already the
technical progress in our world ha caused
severe pollution in the air and in the water.
Although the technical progress in previous
years has been helpful recent technology has
significantly increased pollution. Another
reason to stop technical progress is that
many inventions which were developed for
good causes are now also used for powerful
weapons or have been found to have serious
side effects. For example, pesticide put
inside particle boards to prevent termites has
now been found to be toxic to human life.
Technology does not always bring good
effects; for example, computers do much
work faster than man. but then man loses his
job to a machine. Because no man can
guarantee that technology will have only
good effects and will be used only for the
benefit of man, we should delay the
continued development of technology.
10. The author's purpose in writing this
paragraph is …..
A. to describe pollution caused by
advanced technology
 B. to show how advantageous
advanced technology is for human
beings
C. to have people stop developing
advanced technology
D. to explain what further inventions
in technology should be made
E. to make people implement
advanced technology
11. Advanced technology has made people's
lives more comfortable; nevertheless,
…..
A. it is causing a lot of damage to the
environment
B. many inventions were developed
for good causes
C. it helps people to kill termites
through pesticides
D. many people are no longer
unemployed
E. it is useful and beneficial to people
Text 5
Alternative energy sources are becoming
increasingly attractive as the energy crisis
becomes more severe. Solar heating
systems, which use the sun's radiation as a
source of energy, are a promising alternative
energy source- Nuclear power plants are
already in operation in several parts of the
country. Government and private industry
are even investigating the possibility of
capturing the power of ocean waves and
tides for conversion into usable energy. Coal
is once again becoming an acceptable fuel as
the nation searches for solutions to the
energy shortage. Even garbage is seen as a
potential source of energy. In some
communities, garbage is burned to heat
buildings and light-city streets.
12. The main information of the text is
about....
A. the interest in alternative energy
sources
B. potential solar heating systems
C. the operation of nuclear power
plants
D. the search for energy from the sea
E. the use of coal to replace oil
13. Which of the following statements is
TRUE about alternative sources of
energy?
A. Garbage can be recycled into
energy to run factories
B. The crisis of alternative energy
sources becomes more severe
C. Energy from the sun seems to be
potentially the best alternative
D. Coal is considered not suitable to
replace oil
E. Private industries have succeeded
in producing energy from ocean
wave and tides.
Text 6
United States. Sometimes accidents are
caused bay bad weather. Ice or snow can
make roads very dangerous. Accident$ also
can result from problems with the car. Even
a small problem like a fiat tire can be serous.
Bad roads are another cause of accidents.
Some accidents are caused by drinking to
much alcohol. In fact, this is one of the most
important causes of accidents.
14. What is the paragraph about?
A. Problems with car engines
B. Results of car accidents
C. The frequency of car accidents
D. Weather conditions in the US
E. Car accidents and their causes
15. Car accidents in the US are caused by
the following,
A. drunken drivers
B. bad roads
C. unskilled drivers
D. icy roads
E. a flat tire
Text 7
In almost all developing countries, the
lack of adequate supplies of cheap,
convenient and reliable fuel is a major
problem. Rural communities depend"
largely on kerosene, wood and dung for their
cooking and lighting needs. But kerosene is
now priced out of reach of any people and
wood, except in heavily forested areas, is in
short supply. The search for firewood
occupies a large part of the working day and
has resulted in widespread deforestation.
 Dung is in constant supply wherever
there are farm animals and, when dried, it is
convenient to store and use. But burning
dung destroys its value as fertilizer, thus
depriving the soil of a much needed source
of humus and nitrogen.
Rural areas of developing countries are
also plagued by a lack of adequate
sanitation. Improper waste disposal spreads
disease, contaminates water sources and
provides breeding grounds for disease-
carrying insects.
The problems of improving
environmental hygiene, conserving
resources, and finding alternative sources of
fuel, may be unrelated. Their solutions,
however, are not, as many countries
experimenting with biogas technology are
discovering. Biogas, a mixture of methane
and carbon dioxide, is produced by the
fermentation of organic matter. The process
of anaerobic fermentation is a natural one,
occurring whenever living matter
decomposes. By keeping the matter - and the
process - in a digester of biogas plant, the
combustible gas can be trapped and used as
fuel for household lighting and cooking. The
digested slurry that remains can be used on
the land as a soil conditioner arid fertilizer.
16. What are the two main problems
mentioned in the text?
A. Pollution and the high price of fuel
B. Widespread deforestation and the
use of dung
C. The lack of adequate fuel and.
hygienic conditions
D. The lack of humus and nitrogen in
the soil
E. Contaminated water sources and
rural areas
17. What-is the text mainly about?
A. Socio-economic problems in
developing countries
B. The process of producing biogas
C. The effect of burning dung on the
soil
D. Biogas as a solution to many
problems
E. The disadvantages of using dung as
fuel
18. The disadvantage of traditional fuels
used in developing countries is the
they ....
A. reduce people's energy
B. are difficult to extract
C. C, make the soil poor
D. D, do not meet people needs
E. cause damage to the environment
19. The main factor causing the lack of
adequate sanitation is ....
A. the domestic use of biogas
B. the great number of far animals
C. the pollution of water sources
D. the badly-managed waste disposal
E. the increase of disease-carrying
insects
20. Why is the digested slurry of the
fermented organic matter considered
valuable?
A. It improves the quality of the soil
for agriculture.
B. It increases the export from
developing countries.
C. U is considered a relatively cheap
fertilizer.
D. it is the best fertilizer in the world.
E. It can be used as fuel for cooking.
Text 8
Measles, a childhood disease, has
caused sufferings to mankind for thousands
of years. However, the search for an
effective measles vaccine, lasted two
hundred years and has finally ended in
success. Now, for the first time, easels is a
preventable disease. You may ask, 'How is
this important to children?
Every year measles kills twice as many
Americans as polio now does. More children
die from measles than from any other
common childhood disease. Also
complications of some degree occur in about
one child out of six. Most complications
include pneumonia and ear disorders.
Another after effect of measles - brain
damage is less common, but it can have such
serious consequences that it deserves special
attention.
Brain damage due to easels sounds like
something far away from our experience. In
reality, it is no. Like any other injury,
damage to the brain can be very slight or
very severe. It is quite possible that we have
never seen or heard a child who has severe
brain damage - the child would either have
died or would be in an institution. However,
in medical research a relation has been
found between measles and such things as
behavior problems, personality changes and
dulling of mental ability. For example, a
child may be bad-tempered or a little slow to
learn after he has recovered from measles.
21. The main information of the text is
that....
A. measles has been a disease for
thousands of years
B. after 200 years of research an
effective measles vaccine was
found
C. measles is a serious disease greatly
neglected in the past
D. a lot of research was done on the
complications of measles
E. measles may have bad effects on
children who get the disease
22. Which of the following statements is
TRUE about measles?
A. The number of children in the USA
killed by measles is smaller than
that killed by polio
B. Medical research revealed that
measles may cause brain damage
C. In the USA children with brain
damage have all been measles
patients
D. Research findings show that
pneumonia and ear disorders may
cause measles
E. Children who get measles will have
pneumonia and ear disorders at the
sometime
23. One of the important findings of the
research on measles is that....
A. children who have got measles may
become difficult to handle because
of their behaviour
B. in reality, there are no measles
patients who get brain damage
C. personality changes already occur
at the time a child has measles
D. measles can cause children to
become physically handicapped
E. measles is the first killer of
childhood diseases in the world
24. "Which of the following in NOT an
after-effect of measles?
A. Polio
B. Ear disorders
C. Personality changes
D. Slow learning
E. Pneumonia
25. 'or would be in an institution' (paragraph
3).
The underlined word means
A. an orphanage
B. a rehabilitation centre
C. a hospital
D. a company
E. a public school
Text 9
Both the sun and the moon appear larger
when they are rising or setting, although the
are is no real difference in the distance they
are from the earth. This perceptional
phenomenon, known as the "Moon illusion."
has been studied over, the years. Various
explanations, including the muscle strain for
the person looking up and the comparison of
the moon with other things on the horizon
that make it appear larger, have been
disputed by scientists, but thus far there is no
widely accepted explanation of the
phenomenon.
26. What is at the topic of the passage?
A. Perceived sizes of the sun and moon
B. Comparison of objects on the
horizon
C. Perceptions of distance
D. The rising and the setting of the sun
and the moon
E. The "Moon illusion"
27. Which of the following statements is
TRUE about the "Moon illusion"?
A. Through various experiments
scientists discovered the causes of
"Moon illusion". .
B. Although the phenomenon has been
studied for years, scientists don't
agree about its cause.
C. The already known distance of the
sun and moon from the earth
explains the "Moon illusion".
 D. All the answers to at the question of
what causes, the phenomenon are
the same.
E. Scientists do not think that the
mystery of at the "Moon illusion"
can be solved.
Text 10
Cameroon is a West African country
often million people which has been very
successful in growing food for it people,
unlike many other West African countries.
Since 1971 it has doubled its output of major
foodstuffs such a maize and potatoes. Now it
is one of the few African countries able to
feed itself. This was not the case five years
ago when the country was only 75-80% self-
sufficient in food. Although isolated pockets
of hunger still remain, the World Bank
nowadays gives Cameroon money to
sustain, not to achieve, self-sufficiency in
food production.
28. The text tells us about …..
A. West African countries
B. Cameroon's ability to feed its people
C. major foodstuffs in West Africa
D. Cameroon's food production
E. food self-sufficiency
29. Which of the following statements is
TRUE about Cameroon?
A. The World Bank financially
supports Cameroon to maintain its
self-sufficiency.
B. Cameroon is the biggest and richest
country among West African
countries.
C. It was the World Bank which
financed the production of food in
Cameroon.
D. Similar to other West African
countries Cameroon has always
been self-sufficient.
E. Cameroon has succeeded in its food
production because of the fertility
of its soil.
Text 11
Often people who hold higher positions
in # given group overestimate their
performance, while people in the lower
levels of the group underestimate theirs.
While this may not always be true, it does
indicate that often the actual position in the
group has much, to do with the feeling of
personal confidence a person may have;
Thus, members who hold high positions in a
group or feel that they have an important
part to play in the group will probably have
more confidence in their own performance.
30. The topic of the text is....
A. the role of leaders in a group
B. self-confidence of group members
C. different positions in a group
D. the relation between high positions
and self confidence
E. the attitudes of group members
31. From the text we may conclude that....
A. if we let people know that they are
an important part of the group, they
will become ore self confident
B. people will get a higher position if
they have great self-confidence
C. if people have high positions, they
are confident that they perform
better than others
D. people who hold low positions in a
group often overestimate their
performance
E. if people are given high positions,
they will underestimate people of
low positions
Text 12
Most large companies do not know how
to make the best use of clever people.
Employees who criticize the old ways of
doing things and want to try out new ideas
are disliked both by their colleagues and by
their bosses Comments like 'They wouldn't
listen to
me' or 'I kept presenting new product ideas,
only to hear nothing' are typical of many a
manager who become an entrepreneur. All
of this causes frustration, which can quickly
lead t boredom. Often, middle managers
start to think; 'Only another 30 more years of
working may way to retirement At this
point, they want to find a way out.
They need to get away from a job that is
no longer attractive. So they decide to set up
on their own. But the need something else,
too: the challenge of taking risks. They are
like people who climb a mountain by the
most dangerous route. Entrepreneurial types 35. An entrepreneur is expected to be all of
need to try out new things without knowing the following.
whether they will succeed o fail. They also EXCEPT ___.
want to prove that they can make it without A. motivated
big company support. B. confident
As well as motivation, most successful C. determined
entrepreneurs have a number of personal D. ambitious
characteristics in common The first is self- E. hesitant
confidence, the feeling of certainty that you
have got the skills, knowledge and energy to Text 13
build u; your own business. There is also A magazine is a periodical containing a
stubbornness, the determination to prove to variety of
the boss who rejected your ideas the they articles and general illustration of an
were good ideas which can*be made to entertaining or an
work. Possessing this quality means that you instructive nature. Magazines are designed
won't give up: you have to make your ideas to be of
work. interest either to the general public or groups
of people
32. The main information of the text is with specialized subject matters. The
about …. essential
A. why a manager prefers to set up his difference between the magazine and the
own business newspaper is
B. how large companies treat their a physical one: the magazine is smaller in
managers size and
C. when a manager wants to retire often bound in pamphlet form.
from the company Magazine production involves teamwork.
D. what kind of new ideas a manager This
gives to his company means that many people have to work
E. why a manager thinks it is together to
important to criticize the company produce the magazine you have in your
hand. But one
33. Many managers like to become an key person is the magazine editor. If some
entrepreneur because ….. one has a
A. they will no longer obey the manuscript he wants to publish, he will send
company rules or submit
B. they get frustrated of being it to the editor of the magazine he likes. The
criticized magazine
C. their new ideas are rejected by their editor, usually the editor-in-chief, will read
superiors it and make
D. they Have been managers for thirty recommendation so that the manuscript can
years be
E. they dislike their colleagues and published.
bosses Another task of a magazine editor is to
consider
34. We may conclude that a manager who whether the article will be part of series.
becomes a entrepreneur is a person who Will it have
….. . photographs or illustration? will it be in full
A. wants to have a large income color, two
B. likes to climb high mountains or three colors, or black and white? Once the
C. does not need any support from decision
others is made, the work of an illustrator or
D. dares to take the risk of failure photographer
E. always makes changes to the begins. Preparing manuscripts for the
environment magazine is hard
work to do. After everything is all right, they E. Illustrator can start working before their
are sent work is
to the typesetters. When the galleys (or agreed by the editor
typeset text)
come back, they must be carefully read. This 40. Who decides that a manuscript is
is the job accepted?
of a proofreader to find out whether or not A. A team
there are B. The editor
mistakes in typesetting. Corrections are C. The illustrators
made if there D. The writer
are mistakes. E. The proofreader

36. What is a proofreader's Job?
A. to check the returned galleys
B. to accept or refuse a manuscript
C. to send a manuscript to the typesetter
D. to assign illustrators and photographers
E. to decide whether an article belongs to a
series
37. The first paragraph describes the
following, EXCEPT
...
A. what a magazine is
B. whom the magazine is for
C. how the magazine is published
D. what the content of a magazine consists
of
E. what the difference between a magazine
and an
newspaper is
ESSAY
Fill in the blanks with the correct tenses
form.
41. It……………..(snow) all day. I feel
frozen. I hope it will get over soon.
42. Water…………(consist) of hydrogen
and oxygen.
43. Right now I……………..(look) at my
little sister. She looks happy with her new
doll from my parents.
44. A : What are you going to order for
lunch ?
B : Well, let me try special menu for
today. Duck cheesy spaghetti. I…………..
(never, eat) it before.
45. The airplane……………..(fly) for 1
hour. We still another 20 minutes flight to
reach the airport.

38.The function of 'so that ' in the second

paragraph is to show ...
A. purpose
B. contrast
C. addition
D. sequence
E. condition

39.Which of the following statement is

TRUE about the magazine?
A. Magazines are only meant for
entertainment
B. Recommendation on the manuscript is
made by the proofreader
C. The editor is the most important person in
publishing magazines
D. There is no difference in size between
magazines
and newspaper