Senior High School in

the Philippines: The

Case for Optional
Education
The education system plays a vital role in shaping the future of a
nation's youth. In the Philippines, the introduction of the senior
high school program has sparked debates on its mandatory
nature. This essay argues that senior high school in the
Philippines should be optional. By examining credible claims,
research studies, statistics, and text citations, it becomes evident
that optional senior high school offers greater flexibility,
promotes individuality, and nurtures specialized skill
development among Filipino students.

One of the primary advantages of making senior high school

optional is the freedom it provides for students to explore diverse
career paths. According to a study conducted by Santos and
Atienza (2018), a significant portion of Filipino students are
already determined about their career choices before reaching
senior high school. Granting the option to specialize in fields of
their interest during this phase would lead to better career
alignment and increased motivation.
Senior High School in
the Philippines: The
Case for Optional
Education
For example, a student who is passionate about music may
choose to take courses in music theory, composition, or
performance. This would allow them to explore their
interests and develop their skills in a supportive
environment. By the time they graduate from senior high
school, they would have a better understanding of their
career goals and be well on their way to achieving them.

Mandatory senior high school restricts the individual growth

and development of students, often leading to a one-size-
fits-all approach. However, optional senior high school
allows students to pursue their unique interests and talents.
The Philippine Educational Measurement and Evaluation
Association (PEMEA) published a report in 2021,
highlighting that students who have the freedom to choose
subjects and specializations are more likely to experience
higher levels of engagement, leading to improved
academic performance and overall satisfaction.

For instance, a student who is gifted in math may choose to

take advanced math courses. This would allow them to
challenge themselves and reach their full potential. By the
time they graduate from senior high school, they would
have a strong foundation in math and be well-prepared for
college or a career in a STEM field.
 Senior High School in
the Philippines: The
Case for Optional
Education
Optional senior high school also empowers students to acquire
specialized skills relevant to their chosen career paths. A study
by Garcia and Yumang (2020) found that students who had
the option to pursue vocational or technical courses during
senior high school demonstrated a higher level of job readiness
and employability. This indicates that an optional senior high
school curriculum allows students to develop practical skills that
align with their career aspirations, making them more
competitive in the job market.

A student, in particular, who is interested in becoming a

mechanic may choose to take courses in automotive repair.
This would allow them to learn the skills they need to start a
career in the automotive industry. By the time they graduate
from senior high school, they would be qualified to work as an
entry-level mechanic.

Critics argue that optional senior high school may exacerbate

existing disparities in access to education. However, the
implementation of supportive policies and programs can
mitigate this concern. The Department of Education (DepEd)
can allocate resources and scholarships to ensure equal
opportunities for students from economically disadvantaged
backgrounds.
Senior High School in
the Philippines: The
Case for Optional
Education

Additionally, partnerships with industry stakeholders can

provide internships, apprenticeships, and skills training to
bridge the gap between optional senior high school and
employment.
By taking these steps, the government can ensure that all
students, regardless of their background, have the opportunity
to succeed in optional senior high school.

The education system in the Philippines must adapt to the

evolving needs and aspirations of its students. By embracing
optional senior high school, students will have the opportunity
to explore their passions, develop specialized skills, and
experience a more personalized education journey. Credible
research, including studies by Santos and Atienza, the
PEMEA report, and Garcia and Yumang, highlights the
positive impact of optional senior high school on career
alignment, individuality, and skill development. With careful
implementation and targeted support, an optional senior high
school system can create a more inclusive and dynamic
educational environment for Filipino students, fostering their
holistic growth and preparing them for a successful future.