Lagos, Jhon Rey L.

BSED Science 3

Activity 4- Introduction as a Mental Road Map

Think of the introduction as a mental road map that must answer for the reader these four
questions:

• What was I studying? you can do this by stating at least 2 works of literature that
describe/define your research problem.

1. According to Lyndal Rowlands (2017) Discrimination Compounds Global

Inequality the factors that cause poverty and exclusion are frequently related to
discrimination based on race, gender, or migration status. Indigenous people and
people with disabilities are among those most likely to be poor.
2. According to Ocampo and Ocampo (2014) The Economic Life of the Negritos of
Luna, Apayao over the years, the majority of the population of Aetas managed to
keep their cultural practices and traditions. But sadly, as one of the indigenous groups
thriving in the country, they also face challenges such as discrimination,
marginalization, and poverty. A substantial number of studies suggest that Aetas still
are roaming in nature and practice traditional ways for survival such as hunting,
fishing, and foraging.

• Why was this topic important to investigate? you can also include 2 works of
literature that prove that your research problem concerns many people.

1. According to Isabelle Barth and Anne-Lorraine Wagner Physical Appearance as

Invisible Discrimination is that Aetas are discriminated against not only due to their
financial and educational status, but also due to their physical appearance they face
discrimination because their appearance differs from the norm.
2. According to Rema Hanna and Leigh Linden Measuring Discrimination in
Education that Aetas are defined by physical characteristics such as dark skin, kinky
hair, thick lips, small round noses, and large eyes are all characteristics of these
people. The Aetas' face is one of the most well-known in Philippine culture, and
children are taught in school that the Aetas are primitive people, which is one of the
reasons they stop schools.
• What did we know about this topic before I did this study? include 3 pieces of
research with findings that other authors published online to prove the existing
body of knowledge.

1. Mark P. McHenry The Indigenous Aetas of Bataan, Philippines. The Aeta

Magbukn of Bataan, Luzon, remain one of the least known and documented
Indigenous tribes in the Philippines. To meet their basic needs, they rely primarily on
subsistence hunter gathering strategies. They also fight for recognition of their
ancestral connection to, and rights to, their ancestral forest domains, which are under
threat from nonAeta expansion and urban development by nonAetas, primarily the
majority Tagalog population. Despite decades of protracted land rights processes, the
Aeta continue to face dispossession, poverty, and political discrimination.
2. Darin Jan C. Tindowen The Economic Life of the Aetas of Northern Philippines.
This study was conducted in order to identify the various economic and seasonal
activities required for the Aetas' survival. Furthermore, respondent and elders were
identified to validate the researcher's data. According to the findings, the Aeta
community's economic activities include foraging, livestock and poultry production,
making and selling hard brooms, farming, and agriculture, and some families are
recipients of the government's Pantawid Pampamilya Program.
3. Vincent S. Balilla et al., Indigenous Aeta Magbukún Self-Identity, Sociopolitical
Structures and Self-Determination at the Local Level in the Philippines. The
study explores the basis of self-identity, traditional kinship ties, the evolution of
sociopolitical organization, and the developing political options that sustain the small
and vulnerable Indigenous population. Despite recent tentative sociopolitical
developments, securing cultural protection requires greater effort in developing
political communication and representation at a local and national level. In doing so,
the Aeta Magbukún can meet their basic needs, secure traditional cultural knowledge,
and influence their own development during a time of relatively rapid acculturation
within the mainstream Philippine societal complex.

• How will this study advance new knowledge or new ways of understanding?  this can
be answered using your own words.

Discrimination is the biggest challenge for modern societies. This study will
serve as an eye-opener about the impact or effect of discrimination not only on the
indigenous people but also on everyone else. Why? This study raises awareness of the
effects of Aetas' discrimination on their educational status, physical appearance, and
 financial needs. It will also educate readers on the potential effects of discrimination
on other groups, such as LGBTQIA+ members. So that I come up with this idea to
know the Impact of Discrimination on Aeta’s.

• Include all the references used in this activity.

Rowlands, L. (2017). Discrimination Compounds Global Inequality: UN Report. Retrieved

from http://www.globalissues.org/news/2017/03/22/22992
Ocampo, R. and Ocampo, RE. (2014). The economic life of the negritos of Luna, Apayao.
Retrieved from http://www.academia.edu/6508044/The_Economic_Life_of_the_
Negritos_of_Luna_Apayao
Barth, I. and Wangler, A. L. (2017). Physical Appearance as Invisible Discrimination.
Retrieved from https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/abs/10.1108/S2051-
233320160000004008?fbclid=IwAR0xG6mqYRB_oPjCZT2N0dFBzgGtpljGyj5mtUGN
u8usPCeoS32uMponrBA&:
Hanna, R. and Linden, L. (2012). Measuring Discrimination in Education. Retrieved from
https://www.nber.org/papers/w15057?fbclid=IwAR15of4nAcI251qxs4UHd_Von0uArLF
qUWuRm-0WsPE68wJKmleYdmrmJTg:
McHenry, M. (2013). The Indigenous Aetas of Bataan, Philippines: Extraordinary genetic
origins, modern history and land rights. Retrieved from
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/sjtg.12038?fbclid=IwAR00gZhy9qlMoP
MtipGFTiSc3ITRthXUUpLLoR20gN9pBUu_4eAE_wSogVo:
Banal, D. (2013). Indigenous Aeta Magbukún Self-Identity, Sociopolitical Structures, and
Self-Determination at the Local Level in the Philippines. Retrieved from
https://www.hindawi.com/journals/janthro/2013/391878/?fbclid=IwAR2ePmpTlEG8FQf
cW3JSePAgNqj9oLo9lILfJl64NKgZCHKtkKzmznWNiUw:
Tindowen, DJ. (2016). The economic life of aetas of Northern Luzon. Retrieved from
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319544217_The_Economic_Life_of_Aetas_of
_Northern_Philippines