Digital Signal Processing

(EE-384)
Topic 5
Sampling of Signal
Ammar Naseer
Lecturer
University of Engineering & Technology, Lahore
New Campus Electrical Engineering
email: ammar@uet.edu.pk

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 Analog to Digital
Conversion
A/D conversion can be viewed as a three step process

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Analog to Digital
Conversion

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Sampling

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 Sample & Hold
• Each sample maintains its voltage level during the sampling
interval 𝑻 to give the ADC enough time to convert it.
• This process is called sample and hold.

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 Sampling Theorem
The sampling theorem guarantees that an analogue signal can
be perfectly recovered as long as the sampling rate is at least
twice as large as the highest-frequency component of the
analogue signal to be sampled.

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 Example
Find the sampling frequency of the following signal.
𝑥 𝑡 = 3 cos(50𝜋𝑡) + 10 sin 300𝜋𝑡 − cos(100𝜋𝑡)

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 Example
• Original Signal

Frequency is 0.02 Hz

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 Example
• Sampling Theorem

Sampling Frequency = 0.04Hz

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 Example
• Under sampled

Sampling Frequency = 0.02 Hz

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 Example
• Over sampled

Sampling Frequency = 0.4 Hz

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 Sampling Theorem
If sampling theorem condition is not satisfied it is known as aliasing

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 Example
Consider the analog signal
𝑥 𝑡 = 3𝑐𝑜𝑠100𝜋𝑡
a. Determine the minimum sampling rate required to avoid
aliasing.
b. Suppose that the signal is sampled at the rate Fs = 200 Hz.
What is the discrete-time signal obtained after sampling?
c. Suppose that the signal is sampled at the rate Fs = 75 Hz.
What is the discrete time signal obtained after sampling?

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 Quantization
• Quantization : It is the process of assigning a sampled signal
value from the discrete set of values

• Conversion cause loss in data

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 Coding
• Coding

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Analog to Digital
Conversion

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End of Topic 5
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