Contruction Manual Estimate - MST Connect 2022

MANUAL CONSTRUCTION ESTIMATE GUIDE
MANUAL
CONSTRUCTION
ESTIMATE GUIDE
(A STEP BY STEP GUIDE FOR YOUR
CONSTRUCTION NEEDS)
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COPYRIGHTS RESERVED BY MST.CONNECT -ENGR.J.CORTEZ (2022)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART 1 ESTIMATES
• INTRODUCTION OF COST ESTIMATES
• 3 KEY TYPES OF ESTIMATE
• METHODS/TECHNIQUES IN ESTIMATE
• CREATING A SAMPLE BOM
• INTRODUCTION TO SAMPLE DESIGN PLANS
PART 2 STRUCTURAL ESTIMATE

MANUAL CONSTUCTION ESTIMATE GUIDE
• CONCEPTS IN STRUCTURAL SCOPE FOR CONSTRUCTION

• CONCRETING
• MASONRY
• METAL REINFORCEMENT
• LUMBER
• FORM/SCAFFOLDINGS AND STAGING
• ROOFING WORKS
PART 3 ARCHITECTURAL ESTIMATE

• CONCEPTS IN ARCHITECTURAL SCOPE FOR CONSTRUCTION

• CEILING WORKS
• TILEWORKS
• HARDWARE
• PAINTING
• DOORS AND WINDOWS
• CABINETRIES
• METAL WORKS
• AUXILIARY TOPICS
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PART 4 SANITARY AND ELECTRIAL

• CONCEPTS IN SANITARY SCOPE FOR CONSTRUCTION

• THE SEPTIC TANK
• WATERLINE
• SEWERLINE
• PLUMBING FITTINGS
• PLUMBING FIXTURES
• CONCEPTS IN ELECTRICAL SCOPE FOR CONSTRUCTION
• THE PANEL BOARD
• LIGHTING LAYOUT
• POWER LAYOUT
• SEWERLINE
• ELECTRICAL FITTINGS
• ELECTRICAL LIGHTS
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DEFINITION
Cost estimation in project management is the process of forecasting the cost and other resources
needed to complete a project within a defined scope. Cost estimation accounts for each element
required for the project and calculates a total amount that determines a project’s budget.
“ESTIMATE HAS ALWAYS BEEN REGARDED AS A VALUATION BASED ON OPINION OR

ROUGHLY MADE FROM IMPERFECT OR INCOMPLETE DATA; A CALCULATION NOT
PROFESSEDLY EXACT, AN APPRAISEMENT; ALSO A STATEMENT , AS BY A BUILDER, IN
REGARD TO THE COST OF CERTAIN WORK” –MAX FAJARDO
THREE KEY TYPES OF ESTIMATES
PRELIMINARY/ROUGH ESTIMATE
• Preliminary estimates are also called rough or approximate estimates,. This is because they
are not final—they give a ballpark idea of how much a project will cost.
• A preliminary estimate is made at the very beginning of a project when there’s limited
information available.
• A preliminary estimate allows a contractor to figure out the budget for a project and what to
charge the client.
• Used to study the feasibility of the project also.
• Used when the design plans is 35% to 50 % complete and is used to check if the proposed
project is on budget.
For example, a roofer is asked by a client to redo the roof of his house. The roofer did a very similar
project three months ago. He uses the estimate from his old project to make a preliminary estimate
for his new project.
• Once more information is available, a business can create a revised estimate, or detailed
estimate, from the preliminary estimate.
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DETAILED/QUANTIFIED ESTIMATE
• A business can convert a preliminary estimate to a detailed estimate. A detailed estimate is

drawn up when there’s more information available or the scope of the project is better
known.
• Detailed estimates include incredibly detailed information on quantities, costs and rates—in
fact, all items necessary to complete the project. All the line items are added together to
reach the final cost.
• It includes a list of quantities for all materials needed to complete a project. Its purpose is to
give the client a complete list of all the quantities required for the project and what the cost
will be for each quantity. It is a key estimating method in construction.
• They are prepared from a complete or nearly complete set of drawings and are the most
accurate type of estimate.
• Besides these line items, detailed estimates can also include:
• Information on the rates used to calculate costs (see quantity estimate below)
• Specifications
• Drawings for the areas included in the project (including an index and key)
• Detailed estimates are often used as a contractor’s budget estimate. This planning tool helps
him know how much cash flow he needs and whether he requires financing.
BID ESTIMATE
• A bid estimate is submitted to a potential client in hopes of winning a project. It is based on

both a contractor’s prior estimations as well as her desire to win the project i.e. to provide
the best price to hopefully outbid competitors.
• A general contractor may only put a lot of work into this cost estimation method if she
believes her chance of winning the bid is high. Otherwise, it’s a waste of her time.
• A bid estimate can be drawn up based on plans provided by the client or on standard
industry costs. If the contractor wants more accurate amounts, she will need to calculate
specific labor, material and equipment costs for the project.
• For example, a landscaper is hired to redo the backyard of a client’s house. He uses his
hourly wage and material costs to arrive at a total for a bid estimate. The landscaper charges
his standard hourly rate (Php 80 per hour) for 25 hours of work. However, he decides to
mark up his material costs less than he usually does to outbid a competitor.
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METHODS OF ESTIMATE
❑ KNOWING THE ACTUAL MARKET COST
❑ PROJETING FEASIBLE TIMELINE
❑ DETAILED ORIENTED ON SCOPE OF WORKS
❑ KNOWING ALL THE CONSTRUCTION RISKS
❑ ALLOCATING AVAILABLE RESOURCES
❑ IMPLEMENTING QUALITY
❑ BASIC KNOWLEDGE IN CONSTRUCTION
❑ KNOWLEDGE IN RAW MATERIALS ,EQUIPMENT AND LABOR
ACTUAL CONSTRUCTION
FIGURE 1.1
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CREATING A SAMPLE BOM

What Is a Bill of Materials (BOM)?
A bill of materials (BOM) is an extensive list of raw materials, components, and instructions required
to construct, manufacture, or repair a product or service. A bill of materials usually appears in a
hierarchical format, with the highest level displaying the finished product and the bottom level
showing individual components and materials.
❑ STEP 1
1. LIST DOWN ALL THE REQUIRED SCOPE OF WORKS (BE SPECIFIC AND DETAILED) SPECIFIED
WITH THE CONTRACT AND BUILDING SPECIFICATIONS OF THE PROJECT. LIST DOWN EVERY
REQUIREMENTS INTO SET OF CATEGORIES.
NOTE: ALSO BE AWARE OF DESIGN PLANS AND SPECIFICATION INDICATED BY THE PROJECT.
GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
❑ STRUCTURAL WORKS
❑ ARCHITECTURAL WORKS
❑ PLUMBING WORKS
❑ ELECTRICAL WORKS
❑ TINSMITHRY/ROOFING WORKS
❑ METAL WORKS
❑ CABINETRIES/WOOD WORKS
❑ AUXILLARY WORKS
I. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
❑ DESIGN PLANS
❑ AS-BUILT PLANS
❑ BUILDING PERMITS
❑ PROVISION OF TEMPORARY BOARD UP, COVER AND SIGNAGES
❑ TEMPORARY FACILITIES
❑ LOT RELOCATION
❑ MOBILIZATION/DEMOBILIZATION/SITE CLEARING
❑ TERMITES/SOIL POISONING
❑ EXCAVATION
❑ EMBANKMENT
❑ STAKING OUT/LAYOUT
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II. STRUCTURAL WORKS
❑ CONCRETING
▪ RC FOOTING
▪ RC COLUMNS (GF TO 2F)
▪ TIE BEAMS/WALL FOOTINGS
▪ SLAB ON GRADE
▪ SUSPENDED BEAMS
▪ SUSPENDED SLABS
▪ RC COLUMNS (2F TO RB)
▪ RC ROOFBEAMS
❑ MASONRY/ REINFORCEMENT
▪ MASONRY WORKS
▪ (INTERIORWALLS AND EXTERIOR WALLS)
▪ PLASTERING WORKS
▪ STAIRS
❑ FORMWORKS
▪ SCAFFOLDINGS
III. ARCHITECTURAL WORKS

❑ CEILING WORKS
❑ DOORS
❑ WINDOW/GLASS WORKS
❑ TILE WORKS
❑ PAINTING WORKS
IV. PLUMBING WORKS
V. ELECTRICAL WORKS
VI. TINSMITHRY/ROOFING WORKS
VII. METAL WORKS
VIII. CABINETRIES/WOOD WORKS
IX. AUXILLARY WORKS
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❑ STEP 2
2. TRASFER THE LIST THAT YOU MADE INTO AN EXCEL SOFTWARE THAT YOU WILL USE
THEN LIST DOWN NECESSARY MATERIALS FOR EACH CATEGORIES. MAKE A TABLE
WITH HEADERS INDICATING THE FF:(ITEM NO., SCOPE OF WORKS, UNIT, UNIT PRICE
AND AMOUNT, LABOR, EQUIPMENT , TOTAL COST)
Example:
FORMAT I
FIGURE 1.2
FORMAT II
FIGURE 1.3
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❑ STEP 3
3. TRY INPUTTING ALL THE INITIAL DATAS FOR COST/UNIT PRICE THAT YOU ALREADY HAVE
AND KNOW.
EXAMPLE:
❑ STEP 4
4. ON A SEPARATE SCRATCH PAPERS PROCEED WITH THE PROJECT ESTIMATES IN EACH

CATEGORIES.
YOU MAY ALSO START TO GET A QUOTE FROM DIFFERENT SUPPLIERS MAINLY THE FOLLOWING:
HARDWARES
GRAVEL & SAND SUPPLIER
AND MORE (ROOF SUPPLIER, WINDOW SUPPLIER, DOORS FABRICATOR ETC).
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❑ STEP 5
5. ONCE DONE WITH ALL THE GATHERED DATAS.I NPUT THEM ONE BY ONE IN THE EXCEL FILE
AND CAREFULLY CHECK IT ALSO FROM TIME TO TIME.
EXAMPLE:
FIGURE 1.4
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❑ STEP 6
6. “MARKING UP”
INDICATING OTHER COSTS RELATED IN CONSTRUCTION MAINLY THE FOLLOWING.
NOTE: MARKING UP OF THIS PERCENTAGE MAY VARIES FROM TIME TO TIME DUE TO THE
MARKET, SUPPLY AND DEMAND AND OTHER THINGS THAT MAY AFFECT THE COSTING.
I. MATERIAL COST
FROM THE BREAKDOWN OF MATERIALS MARK UP THE NUMBER OF QUANTITY OF
MATERIAL ITEMS INTO 5% TO 20% TO BE ABLE TO CONSIDER THE WASTAGE FACTOR.
EXAMPLE:
TOTAL QUANTITY OF PLYWOOD : 10 PCS (3/4 INCHES MARINE PLYWOOD)
X .20 (WASTAGE FACTOR PERCENTAGE)
ADDITIONAL MATERIALS + 2PCS OF PLYWOOD
TOTAL PLYWOOD : = 10+2 = 12 PCS NO. OF MARINE PLYWOOD
II. LABOR COST

A. Can be estimated using the man/hour or
productivity rate of workers.
Example:
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B. Can be estimated using the labor cost multiply bit

the estimated percentage of 35% to 50 %.
EXAMPLE:
TOTAL MATERIAL COST : PHP 1,000,000
X .50
TOTAL LABOR COST = PHP 500,000
III. VATS/TAXES
WITH THE TOTAL OF MATERIAL COST MULTIPLY IT INTO 12% (MAY VARIES ON
WHAT KIND OF TAXES AND LOCATION OF THE PROJECT) .
EXAMPLE:
TOTAL MATERIAL COST : PHP 1,000,000
X .12
VATS/TAXES COST OF MATERIAL= PHP 120,000
IV. MISCELLANEOUS COST/CONTINGENCY COST

WITH THE TOTAL OF LABOR AND MATERIAL COST MULTIPLY IT INTO 3%-
10%.(MAY VARIES)
EXAMPLE:
TOTAL LABOR&MATERIALS COST : PHP 1,000,000
X .03
CONTINGENCY COST = PHP 30,000
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V. OVERHEAD & PROFIT

❑ WITH THE TOTAL OF LABOR AND MATERIAL COST GET A PERCENTAGE INTO 5%-30%.
(MAY VARIES)
EXAMPLE:
TOTAL LABOR&MATERIALS COST : PHP 1,000,000

X .08
OVERHEAD AND PROFIT = PHP 80,000
❑ STEP 7
“Indicate at the final amount:
The ff:
❖ Discounted Cost(if any)
❖ Exclusions
❖ Total working or calendar days.
FIGURE 1.5
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FIGURE 1.6 (ARCHITECTURAL PLAN)
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FIGURE 1.10 (STRUCTURAL PLAN)
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FIGURE 1.13 (PLUMBING PLAN)
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FIGURE 1.14 (PLUMBING PLAN)
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FIGURE 1.15 (ELECTRICAL PLAN)
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FIGURE 1.16 (ELECTRICAL PLAN)
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TYPICAL STRUCTURAL FORM OF RESIDENTIALS
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FIGURE 2.1 (STRUCTURAL SYSTEM OF SAMPLE WORKING DRAWING)
FIGURE 2.2 (STRUCTURAL SYSTEM OF SAMPLE WORKING DRAWING)
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A. HOW TO ESTIMATE FOOTINGS

o CONCRETING
o REINFORCEMENT
TYPES OF FOOTINGS
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I. CONRETING OF FOOTINGS
FROM MAX FAJARDO BOOK
CLASSES OF MIXTURE IN PSI
CLASS PSI EQUIVALENT
AA 4000 PSI
A 3500 PSI
B 2500 PSI
C 2000 PSI
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EXAMPLE:
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SOLUTION
A. BY VOLUME METHOD
1. FIND THE VOLUME OF THE FOOTING (C1F1) (NO.1 PCS)
VOLUME= LENGTH X WIDTH X THICKNESS OF FOOTING

(REFER TO FOOTING SCHEDULE)
VOLUME= 1.20 m x 1.20 m x 0.35 m

VOLUME= 0.50 cubic m.
2. REFER TO THE TABLE:
FOR CEMENT, SAND AND GRAVEL MULTIPLY IT WITH THE FACTOR USED:
CEMENT = 0.50 X 9 (USING 40KG/BAG) = 4.5 BAGS = APPROX 5 BAGS
SAND = 0.5 X 0.50=0.25= APPROX 0.50 cu.m sand
GRAVEL=0.5 X 1.0= APPROX 0.50 cu.m gravel (3/4)
3. INSERT THE DATA IN THE EXCEL FILE FORMAT YOU WANT TO USE:
NOTE: THIS DATA IS FOR ONLY ONE FOOTING THEREFORE IN ORDER TO COMPUTE THE
TOTAL VOLUME OF ALL THE FOOTING YOU MUST MULTIPLY IT ALL WITH THE
CORRESPONDING TOTAL UNITS OF FOOTING WITH RESPECT TO THEIR VOLUMES ALSO
ADD THE ADDITIONAL WASTAGE FACTOR (5%-20%).
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EXAMPLE:
GET THE TOTAL VOLUME
FOR C1/F1 (11 UNITS)
TOTAL VOLUME= 0.50 X 11 PCS =5.5 CUBIC METERS

CEMENT = 0.50 X 9 (USING 40KG/BAG) = 4.5 BAGS = APPROX 5 BAGS X 11=55 BAGS
SAND = 0.5 X 0.50=0.25= APPROX 0.50 cu.m sand X 11 = 5.5 cu.m sand
GRAVEL=0.5 X 1.0= APPROX 0.50 cu.m gravel (3/4) X 11= 5.5 cu.m sand
FOR C1/F2 (3 UNITS)
TOTAL VOLUME= 1.0 X 1.0 X 0.3 X (3 UNITS OF FOOTINGS) =0.9 CUBIC METERS
GRAVEL=0.9 X 1.0= 0.90 cu.m gravel (3/4) X 11= 1 cu.m gravel (3/4)
INSERT THE TWO DATAS:
ORDER:
CEMENT = 55+ 9 = 64 BAGS
SAND = 5.5+ .5 = 6 cu.m sand
GRAVEL= 0.5 + 5.5= 6.5= 7 cu.m sand
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INSERT INTO THE BOM FORMAT:

FINAL OUTPUT: (IF YOU WANT TO INCLUDE THE WASTAGE FACTOR ALREADY MARK UP
THE QUANTITY INTO 5-10 % INCREASE)
B. REINFORCEMENT
STEPS:
1. Know the actual dimensions of the footing as to it’s length and width.
2. Remember that the minimum underground protective covering of concrete to the
steel reinforcement is 7.5cm.
3. If the plan does not call for a hook or bend of the footing reinforcement, the length
of the bar is equal to the length or width of the footing minus the protecting
covering at both ends.
STEPS:
4. If the plan calls for a hook or bend of the reinforcement, the bar-cut should
include the allowances for hook and bend as presented in Figure 3-4 and 3-5.
5. Know the spacing distance of the steel bars both ways o determine the exact
number required. As much as possible, select the appropriate steel bar length which
is divisible by the cut length to avoid unwanted extra cuts.
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ADDITIONAL INFORMATION:
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SOLUTION
FOR 1 FOOTING C1(F1)
A. CUTTING LIST-METHOD
INCLUDE THE CONCRETE COVERING FOR UNDERGROUND STRUCTURES= 75 MM
FOR ABOVE THE GROUND STRUCTURES = 40 MM
CUT LENGTH:
NOTE THAT THE COMMERCIAL LENGTH OF REBARS USED IN THIS FOOTING ARE
10MM WITH 6METERS LENGTH.
1. COMPUTE TOTAL LENGH FOR ONE PCS OF REBAR

1.05 M + 0.2 + 0.2 = 1.45 m = approx. 1.5 m
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2. COMPUTE THE NO.PCS REQUIRED
ALONG W:
PCS REQUIRED = 1.2 M DIVIDE (BOTTOM BARS SPACING) + (1)

= 1.2 M DIVIDE 0.20M
= 6 PCS +1
= 7 PCS (1.5m ALONG W)
ALONG L:
PCS REQUIRED = 1.2 M DIVIDE (BOTTOM BARS SPACING) + (1)
= 1.2 M DIVIDE 0.20M
= 6 PCS +1
= 7 PCS (1.5 m ALONG L)
THEREFORE:
TOTAL LENGTH: 7PCS (1.5) + 7PCS (1.5)= 21 M
COMMERCIAL LENGTH : 6M OF REBARS
21 METERS DIVIDE 6 = 3.5 =APPROX 4 PCS (16MM REBAR) FOR ONE FOOTING.
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ILLUSTRATION:
FOR G.I WIRES
SOLUTION:
FORMULA A
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SOLUTION :
FOR 4 PCS (16MM)
1. GET THE KG/M OF 16MM

USING THE FORMULA A.
KG/M= (16 X 16) DIVIDE (162.2)= 1.578 KG/M
2. GET THE KG OF GI WIRE @ 4PCS 6M LENGTH OF REBARS
GI WIRE(KG) = 1.578 (KG/M) X 6M X 4 PCS X 0.02 (% AS PER REBARS)

=0.78 KG OF GI.WIRE
= APPROX 1KG OF GI WIRE.
SUMMARY THEREFORE IN 1 COLUMN FOOTING:
NOTE: ALWAYS CHECK THE VALUES AND ALSO THE WASTAGE FACTORS.
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B. HOW TO ESTIMATE COLUMNS

o CONCRETING
o REINFORCEMENT
(ACUAL COLUMN PICTURE)
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COLUMNS GENERAL INFORMATION
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LAPPING LENGTHS
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EXAMPLE:
FROM THE SAMPLE WORKING DRAWING:
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ISOMETRIC VIEW
APPROX HEIGHT FROM BOT OF FOOTING TO
ROOFBEAM= 8.86 METERS
FOR 1PC- C1
I. BY VOLUME METHOD
1. FIND THE VOLUME OF THE COLUMN (C1F1) (NO.1 PCS)
VOLUME= LENGTH X WIDTH X HEIGHT OF COLUMN

(REFER TO COLUMN SCHEDULE)
VOLUME= 0.4 m x 0.2 m x 8.86 m

VOLUME= 0.71 cubic m. (FOR 1 COLUMN)
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GRAVEL=0.7 X 1.0=0.7= APPROX 1 cu.m gravel (3/4)
NOTE: THIS DATA IS FOR ONLY ONE COLUMN THEREFORE IN ORDER TO COMPUTE THE
TOTAL VOLUME OF ALL THE COLUMN YOU MUST MULTIPLY IT ALL WITH THE
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4. REINFORCEMENT
SECTION OF C1
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1. MAKE/SKETCH A PROPOSED CUTTING LIST

USING ALL THE PROVISIONS NEEDED.
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By following the staggered in splicing:
Summary:
LENGTH OF A = 3.58 m + (16d= 0.256) =3.9m (6PCS)
LENGTH OF B = 6 Meters (4pcs)
LENGTH OF C = 0.8m + 0.8m + 3.7m =5.3 m (2pcs)
LENGTH OF D = 0.8+ 0.3 + 0.15= 1.25m (2pcs)
THEREFORE ORDER:
TOTAL L= 3.9 (6) + 6 (4) + 5.3 (2)+ 1.2 (2)

L= 60.4
FOR VERTICAL BARS USING 16MM:

PCS OF VERTICAL BARS= 60.4 DIVIDE BY 6 METERS = 10.06 PCS
= APPROX 11PCS = MARK UP 12PCS (16MM)
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FOR TIES BARS USING 16MM:
FROM NATIONAL STRUCTURAL CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES
USING THE 135 DEGREE HOOK
MINIMUM INSIDE BEND DIAMETER
4 DB = 4 (10) = 40MM
6 DB = 6 (10) = 60 MM or 75mm
Therefor for
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a. Compute for total perimeter of stirrups considering the concrete cover =40mm
P= 200 + 400 +200 +400 – 4(40)

P= 880mm
b. For Total Straight Extension (2 HOOKS) (total hook length)
o 6 DB = 6 (10) = 60 MM or 75mm (use 75mm as per code)
Total Hook= 3db + 75mm

Total Hook = 3(10) +75 mm
Total Hook = 105mm (use 2pcs for 2 hooks length)
c. For 5 bends (Total bend length)

3 pcs (90 degree bend = 2db) + 2pcs (135 degree bend= 3db)
3 (2db)+ 2 (3db)
3 (2)(10) + 2(3)(10)
=120mm
Total Cutting Length = Perimeter of Rectangle + Total Hook Length -Total Bend length
Total Cutting Length = 880 + (3db + 75 mm) – 3db (2) -2db (3)
= 880+ 2(3(10) + 75mm)- 3(10)(2) -2 (10)(3)
= 970 mm Approx 1000MM for easy cut.
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SHORCUT METHOD
Note: applicable for 2 storey -3 storey using 10mm for stirrups
TOTAL LENGTH = PERIMETER – 230 (FACTOR USE)

= 2(200)+2(100)-230
= 970 mm approx. 1000mm
Therefore same solution.

d. Get the number of pcs that can 1 pc of 10mm x 6m rebars
PCS= 6meters divide by 1000meters
PCS = 6 PCS FOR EVERY 1pcs of 10mm
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e. For Total Column Stirrups in one column
FOLLOWING THE SPACING @ the column details
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CUTTING LIST FOR STIRRUPS
TOTAL NUMBER OF PCS = 8PCS + 24PCS +30 PCS
= 62 PCS (1000mm length of stirrups)
THEREFORE ORDER: 62 DIVIDE 6 PCS(EVERY 1PC OF 10MM) = 10. 33
ORDER = 11 PCS OF 10MM (6M LENGTH)
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f. Solve for G.I Wire
SUMMARY:
FOR 12 PCS (16MM) -VERTICAL BARS
FOR 11 PCS (10MM) -STIRRUPS
GET THE KG/M OF 10 AND 16MM

KG/M= (16 X 16) DIVIDE (162.2)= 1.578 KG/M
KG/M= (10 X 10) DIVIDE (162.2)= 0.617 KG/M
GET THE KG OF GI WIRE
@ 12PCS FOR 16MM

=2.27 KG OF GI.WIRE
= APPROX 3 KG OF GI WIRE.
@11 PCS FOR 10MM

=0.81 KG OF GI.WIRE
= APPROX 1KG OF GI WIRE.
THEREFORE ORDER: 4 KGS GI.WIRE #16
g. INSERT THE DATA IN THE EXCEL FILE FORMAT YOU WANT TO USE:
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C. HOW TO ESTIMATE BEAMS, TIE BEAMS AND ROOF

BEAMS
o CONCRETING
o REINFORCEMENT
Actual Picture of Suspended Beams and Girders
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GENERAL INFORMATION ON BEAMS
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LAP LENGTH
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EXAMPLE FROM WORKING DRAWING:

ESTIMATE MATERIALS AT BEAM A5 TO D5
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1. CONCRETING
BY VOLUME METHOD
FIND THE VOLUME OF THE BEAM FROM A TO D
VOLUME= WIDTH BEAM X DEPTH BEAM X LENGTH OF BEAM

= (0.2M) X (0.4M) X (2.8M+2.55M + 5.65)
= 0.88 cu.m
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4. Reinforcements
Using the cutting list method following the lapping splice

locations.
ACTUAL PLAN
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PROPOSED CUTTING LIST
To get the total embedment length of beam

Through the column.
Solution:
Lebd= Column size- Concrete cover- Column Main Bar- Lateral Ties dia.
= 0.2 m -0.040 m- 0.016m – 0.010 m
= 134 mm
16db= 16 (16) = 246mm
Total bend = 134+246= 380 mm
ACTUAL
MIN LAP LENGTH 50D= 50(16)= 800MM
LENGTH LOCATION PCS
A 4.85+.380=5.23m TOP BAR (RIGHT) 2
B 5.13m TOP BAR (MID) 2
C 3.22+.380=3.6m TOP BAR (LEFT) 2
D 2.1m XTRA BAR 1

(RIGHT) BOT
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E 1.92m XTRA BAR (MID) 1

BOT
F 4.24m XTRA BAR (LEFT) 1

BOT
G 3.52+.380= 3.9m BOT BAR (RIGHT) 2
H 4.21 m BOT BAR (MID) 2
I 5.62+.380 = 6m BOT BAR (LEFT) 2
:by Theoretical:
Total L= 2(5.23)+2 (5.13) + 2 (3.6)+

2.1+1.92+4.24+2(3.9)+2(4.21)+2(6)
L=64.4 =10.73 = 11 pcs
:by Cutting list:
APPROX via Cutting List = 12 pcs (16mm x 6meters )
FOR STIRRUPS
ACTUAL PCS: 25 +25 +41 =91PCS
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4 DB = 4 (10) = 40MM
6 DB = 6 (10) = 60 MM or 75mm
Therefor for
a. Compute for total perimeter of stirrups considering the concrete cover

=40mm
P= 200 + 400 +200 +400 – 4(40)

P= 880mm
b. For Total Straight Extension (2 HOOKS) (total hook length)

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c. For 5 bends (Total bend length)

3 (2db)+ 2 (3db)
3 (2)(10) + 2(3)(10)
=120mm
= 880+ 2(3(10) + 75mm)- 3(10)(2) -2 (10)(3)
d. Get the number of pcs that can 1 pc of 10mm x 6m rebars

TOTAL NUMBER OF PCS = 91 PCS (1000mm length of stirrups)
THEREFORE ORDER: 91 DIVIDE 6 PCS(EVERY 1PC OF 10MM) = 15.16
ORDER = 16 PCS OF 10MM (6M LENGTH)
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e. Solve for G.I Wire
SUMMARY:
FOR 12 PCS (16MM) -MAIN BARS

KG/M= (16 X 16) DIVIDE (162.2)= 1.578 KG/M
KG/M= (10 X 10) DIVIDE (162.2)= 0.617 KG/M
@ 12PCS FOR 16MM

=2.27 KG OF GI.WIRE
@16 PCS FOR 10MM

=1.184 KG OF GI.WIRE
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f. INSERT THE DATA IN THE EXCEL FILE FORMAT YOU WANT TO USE:
NOTE: THIS CONTINOUS BEAM IS JUST AN EXAMPLE ONLY THE WHOLE BEAM DETAILS ARE
NOT YET ESTIMATED.
D. HOW TO ESTIMATE FOR ROOFBEAMS:
ACTUAL PICTURE OF ROOF BEAMS
“USE THE SAME METHOD IN ESTIMATING A SUSPENDED BEAMS.”
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E. HOW TO ESTIMATE TIE BEAMS

o CONCRETING
o REINFORCEMENT
NOTE: APPROACH IN ESTIMATING THE CONCRETING AND

REINFORCEMENT IN TIE BEAMS JUST INTERCHANGE THE LAPPING
ZONE FOR TOP PARS AT L/8 NOT EXCEEDING L/4 FOR BOTTOM BARS
MIDDLE L/3 OF THE SPAN.
71 | P a g e
EXAMPLE:
1. CONCRETING
BY VOLUME METHOD
FIND THE VOLUME OF THE BEAM FROM A TO D
VOLUME= WIDTH BEAM X DEPTH BEAM X LENGTH OF BEAM

= (0.2M) X (0.4M) X (2.8M+2.55M + 5.65)
= 0.88 cu.m
72 | P a g e

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4. REINFORCEMENTS
PROPOSED CUTTING LIST
To get the total embedment length of beam

Through the column.
Solution:
Lebd= Column size- Concrete cover- Column Main Bar- Lateral Ties dia.
= 0.2 m -0.040 m- 0.016m – 0.010 m
= 134 mm
16db= 16 (16) = 246mm
Total bend = 134+246= 380 mm
ACTUAL
MIN LAP LENGTH 50D= 50(16)= 800MM
LENGTH LOCATION PCS
A 3.52+.380= 3.9m TOP BAR (RIGHT) 3
B 4.21 m TOP BAR (MID) 3
C 5.62+.380 = 6m TOP BAR (LEFT) 3
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D 4.85+.380=5.23m BOT BAR (RIGHT) 3
E 5.13m BOT BAR (MID) 3
F 3.22+.380=3.6m BOTA BAR (LEFT) 3
:by Cutting list:
APPROX via Cutting List = 18 pcs (12mm x 6meters )
FOR STIRRUPS
4 DB = 4 (10) = 40MM
6 DB = 6 (10) = 60 MM or 75mm
Therefor for
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1. Compute for total perimeter of stirrups considering the concrete cover

=40mm
P= 200 + 400 +200 +400 – 4(40)

P= 880mm
2. For Total Straight Extension (2 HOOKS) (total hook length)

3. For 5 bends (Total bend length)

3 (2db)+ 2 (3db)
3 (2)(10) + 2(3)(10)
=120mm
= 880+ 2(3(10) + 75mm)- 3(10)(2) -2 (10)(3)
4. Get the number of pcs that can 1 pc of 10mm x 6m rebars

5. For number of pcs

Total Length Perimeter of tie beams= 12meters divide spacing @ 150mm
= 80 pcs (1meter length)
76 | P a g e
USE:
TOTAL L= 80 PCS X 1 METER = 80 METER DIVIDE BY 6 METER = 13.33 =14 PCS
THEREFORE ORDER 14 PCS 10MM (6METER LENGTH)
6. KG OF GI WIRE
SUMMARY:
FOR 18 PCS (12MM) -MAIN BARS
KG/M= (12 X 12) DIVIDE (162.2)= 0.888 KG/M
KG/M= (10 X 10) DIVIDE (162.2)= 0.617 KG/M
@ 18PCS FOR 12MM
=1.91 KG OF GI.WIRE
@14 PCS FOR 10MM
=1.04 KG OF GI.WIRE

77 | P a g e
NOTE: THIS TIE CONTINOUS BEAM IS JUST AN EXAMPLE ONLY THE WHOLE BEAM DETAILS
ARE NOT YET ESTIMATED AND WASTAGE FACTOR ARE NOT INCLUDED.
F. HOW TO ESTIMATE SUSPENDED SLABS

o CONCRETING
o REINFORCEMENT
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SUSPENDED SLABS GENERAL INFORMATION
ONE WAY SLAB
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TWO WAY SLAB
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EXAMPLE FROM SAMPLE WORKING DRAWING:
STEP 1 “ DETERMINE WHAT KING OF SLAB “
TO DETERMINE DIVIDE LX = 5650 INTO LY =2500 = 2.26>2
THEREFORE: ONE WAY SLAB
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STEP 2 DETERMINE THE CONCRETING
TOTAL VOLUME : 5.65 X 2.5 X .125 M = 1.76 CU.M

REFER TO THE TABLE:

SAND = 1.76 X 0.50=0.88= APPROX 1 cu.m sand
NOTE: THIS DATA IS FOR ONLY ONE PORTION OF SLAB THEREFORE IN ORDER TO COMPUTE
THE TOTAL VOLUME OF ALL THE SLAB YOU MUST ESTIMATE IT ONE BY ONE AND
DETERMINE IF IT IS ONE WAY OR TWO WAY SLAB THEN ADD THE ADDITIONAL WASTAGE
FACTOR (5%-20%).
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STEP 3 REINFORCEMENTS
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STEP 4 KGS OF G.I. WIRE
SUMMARY:
FOR 13 PCS (12MM) -BOTTOM BARS
FOR 12 + 6 PCS= 18 PCS (12MM) -TOP MAIN BARS
GET THE KG/M OF 12 MM
KG/M= (12 X 12) DIVIDE (162.2)= 0.888 KG/M
@ 31 PCS FOR 12MM
=3.27 KG OF GI.WIRE

STEP 5 INSERT THE DATA IN THE EXCEL FILE FORMAT YOU WANT TO USE:
87 | P a g e
G. HOW TO ESTIMATE SLAB ON GRADE

o CONCRETING
o REINFORCEMENT
ACTUAL SAMPLE OF SLAB ON GRADE
EXAMPLE FROM SAMPLE WORKING DRAWINGS
88 | P a g e
STEP 1. CONCRETING
TOTAL VOLUME : 5.85 X 6.30 X .150 M(APPROX THICKNESS OF SLAB) = 5.53 CU.M
REFER TO THE TABLE:

SAND = 5.53 X 0.50=2.765= APPROX 3 cu.m sand
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STEP 2. REINFORCEMENTS
STEP 3 G.I. WIRE
SUMMARY:
FOR 54 PCS (10MM)
90 | P a g e
GET THE KG/M OF 10 MM
KG/M= (10 X 10) DIVIDE (162.2)= 0.617 KG/M
@ 54 PCS FOR 10MM
=3.99 KG OF GI.WIRE
STEP 4 INSERT THE DATA IN THE EXCEL FILE FORMAT YOU WANT TO USE:
NOTE: THIS DATA IS FOR ONLY ONE PORTION OF SLAB THEREFORE IN ORDER TO COMPUTE
THE TOTAL VOLUME OF ALL THE SLAB YOU MUST ESTIMATE IT ONE BY ONE THEN ADD THE
ADDITIONAL WASTAGE FACTOR (5%-20%).
91 | P a g e
H. HOW TO ESTIMATE MASONRY WORKS

o CONCRETE HOLLOW BLOCKS
o MORTAR FOR FILLER AND BLOCK LAYING
o REINFORCEMENT
o PLASTERING WORKS
ACTUAL MASONRY WORKS
92 | P a g e
GENERAL INFORMATION
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USING .025 THICKNESS OF PLASTERING

FACTORS: 0.3 FOR CEMENT AND 0.025 FOR SAND
OTHERS IF 16MM IS USED
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5. KGS OF GI WIRE
SUMMARY:
FOR 3 PCS (12MM) -VERTICAL BARS
FOR 4 PCS (10MM) -HORIZONTAL BARS
KG/M= (12 X 12) DIVIDE (162.2)= 0.888 KG/M
KG/M= (10 X 10) DIVIDE (162.2)= 0.617 KG/M
98 | P a g e
@ 3PCS FOR 12MM
=0.32
@4 PCS FOR 10MM
=0.30 KG OF GI.WIRE
NOTE: THIS DATA IS FOR ONLY ONE PORTION OF WALL THEREFORE IN ORDER TO COMPUTE
THE TOTAL AREA OF ALL THE WALL YOU MUST ESTIMATE IT ONE BY ONE THEN ADD THE
ADDITIONAL WASTAGE FACTOR (5%-20%).
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I. HOW TO ESTIMATE FORMWORKS

o FORMWORKS FOR COLUMN
o FORMWORKS FOR BEAMS
o FORMWORKS FOR SLABS
ACTUAL PICTURE OF FORMWORKS
100 | P a g e
OTHER KINDS OF FORMWORKS
SHORINGS AND DIFFERENT FORMWORKS SUPPORT

SYSTEMS
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GENERAL INFORMATION FOR COLUMN FORMWORKS
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EXAMPLE:
SPECIFICATION:
HEIGHT OF COLUMN = 3M USE 2X3 LUMBER FRAME
SIZE OF COLUMN = 200 X400
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STEP 1. FIND THE LATERAL SURFACE AREA OF THE FORMWORKS
AREA= PERIMETER OF SURFACE X HEIGHT OF COLUMN
= 2(.200+.400) X 3M
= 3.6 sqm
STEP 2 USE THE DATA FROM TABLE 5-4
STEP 3 SOLVE THE HORIZONTAL, VERTICAL AND DIAGONAL SUPPORT OF 1 COLUMN
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USING TABLE 5-5
USE 2” X 3” FOR VERT, HORIZONTAL, AND DIAGONAL BRACINGS
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EXAMPLE FOR BEAMS (FORMS , FRAMES AND BRACINGS)
SOLVE THE FORMWORKS AT B1
STEP 1. FIND THE LATERAL SURFACE AREA OF THE FORMWORKS
AREA= PERIMETER OF SURFACE X length of beam
= 2(.400) + 0.2 X 2.75 M
= 2.75 sqm
STEP 2 USE THE DATA FROM TABLE 5-4
Frame= 2.75 x .42 =1.155 = 2 pcs (phenolic board)

Lumber Frame (2x3 wood) = 2.75 x 48 =132 bd.ft (2 x 3)
106 | P a g e
STEP 3 SOLVE THE HORIZONTAL, VERTICAL AND DIAGONAL SUPPORT OF 1 SPAN BEAM
USING TABLE 5-5
USE 2” X 3” FOR VERT, HORIZONTAL, BRACINGS
FOR BEAM VERTICAL BRACING

BDFT = 2.75 SQM X 6(FACTOR USED) = 16.5 BDFT= 17 BDFT
FOR BEAM HORIZONTAL BRACING

BDFT = 2.75 SQM X 7 (FACTOR USED) = 19.25 BDFT= 20 BDFT
THEREFORE USE : 37 BDFT (2”X3” LUMBER)
NOTE: FOR COMPUTATION FOR SLABS FORMWORKS FOLLOW THE SAME

PROCEDURE AND USED THE TABLE ABOVE. ALWAYS REMEMBER TO INCLUDE
ALL THE WASTAGE FACTOR OF 5% TO 20% FOR THE QUANTITIES. AND ALSO
ALWAYS CHECK WHAT KIND OF FORMWORKS SYSTEM YOU WILL USE.
107 | P a g e
J. HOW TO ESTIMATE ROOFING WORKS
108 | P a g e
SAMPLE ROOF RAMING
FINISHED ROOFING WORKS WITH SPANDRELS
109 | P a g e

FIND THE FF:
A. CUTTING LIST ORDER FOR RIB TYPE LONG SPAN ROOF
B. PCS OF 2” X 6 “ STEEL TUBULAR (1.5MM) SPACED @ 1.2 0.C
C. PCS OF 2” X 3” CEE PURLINS (1.2MM) FOR FASCIA
D. PCS OF 2” X 3” CEE PURLINS SPACED @ 0.6 O.C
E. PCS OF GUTTER (24 CUT)
110 | P a g e
SOLUTION:
A. CUTTING LIST ORDER FOR RIB TYPE LONG SPAN ROOF
BY DIRECT COUNTING :
THEREFORE ORDER CUT LENGTH :
9 PCS (7.9M X 1.050) DARK GRAY COLOR LONG SPAN
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B. PCS OF 2” X 6 “ STEEL TUBULAR (1.5MM) SPACED @ 1.2 0.C
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C. PCS OF 2” X 3” CEE PURLINS (1.2MM) FOR FASCIA
D. PCS OF 2” X 3” CEE PURLINS SPACED @ 0.6 O.C
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E. PCS OF GUTTER (24 CUT)

GUTTER LENGTH AS PER PLAN = 9.2M
FOR 24” CUT APPROX LENGTH OF 1 PCS IS 2.2 M LENGTH
THEREFORE: 9.2 M DIVIDE BY 2.2 =4.18 PCS = 5 PCS (24” CUT GUTTER)
F. INSERT THE SCOPE IN THE B.O.M FORMAT IN EXCEL
OTHER ACCESSORIES
NOTE: FOR OTHER ROOFING ACCESSORIES ALWAYS LOOK FOR THE
MATERIALS REQUIRED IN THE SCOPE OF ROOFING WORKS
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A. HOW TO ESTIMATE CEILING WORKS

THE CEILING MATERIALS:
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FICEM BOARD
GYPSUM BOARD
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EXAMPLE FROM SAMPLE WORKING DRAWING
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STEP 1 NUMBER OF PCS OF GYPSUM BOARD
STEP 2 NUMBER OF PCS OF WALL ANGLE
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STEP 3 NUMBER OF PCS OF CARRYING CHANNEL SPACED @0.60
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STEP 4 NUMBER OF PCS OF METAL FURRING SPACED @1.20M
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STEP 5 NUMBER OF PCS OF DOUBLE U CLIP
STEP 6 INPUT ALL DATAS IN THE EXCEL FORMAT.
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B. HOW TO ESTIMATE DOORS AND WINDOWS WORKS

PARTS OF THE DOORS:
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DOOR HANDLES
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MODERN TYPES OF DOORS
WINDOWS WORKS/GLASS WORKS
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ACTUAL PICTURES OF SLIDING WINDOW
FRAMES OF CASEMENT WINDOWS

126 | P a g e
NOTE: GENERALLY IN ESTIMATING DOORS AND WINDOWS THERE ARE 2

WAYS, OPTION 1 YOU CAN ESTIMATE ALL THE MATERIALS NEEDED IN ONE
DOORS OR WINDOWS. OPTION 2 YOU WILL GET A QUOTATION FOR AN
INSTALLER OR FABRICATOR THEN QUANTIFIED ALL THE INPUT DATAS IN
YOUR EXCEL FORMAT DON’T FORGET TO INCLUDE ALL ACCESSORIES TO THE
QUOTE.
127 | P a g e
EXAMPLE ONLY:
128 | P a g e
C. HOW TO ESTIMATE TILE WORKS
ACTUAL PICTURES
OF TILE WORKS
129 | P a g e
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TILE WORKS MATERIALS

❑TILE ADHESIVE
❑TILE GROUT
❑CEMENT
❑SAND
❑TILE SPACER
131 | P a g e
OTHER ESTIMATE TABLE USED:
132 | P a g e
EXAMPLE FROM SAMPLE WORKING DRAWING
DETERMINE THE FF.

1.
2. NUMBER OF CEMENT, SAND, TILE ADHESIVE , TILE GROUTS AND TILE
SPACERS.
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STEP 1 NUMBER OF 60X60 TILES
STEP 2 NUMBER OF CEMENT, SAND, TILE ADHESIVE

, TILE GROUTS AND TILE SPACERS.
NOTE: THE VALUES AT THE RED BOX ARE FACTORS USED
134 | P a g e
STEP 3 INSERT THE DATAS INTO THE EXCEL

FORMAT
NOTE: THIS DATA IS FOR ONLY ONE PORTION OF FLOORING

THEREFORE IN ORDER TO COMPUTE THE TOTAL MATERIALS OF ALL
THE FLOORINGS IN THE PLAN YOU MUST ESTIMATE IT ONE BY ONE
THEN ADD THE ADDITIONAL WASTAGE FACTOR (5%-20%) IN EACH
ITEM INCREASE.
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D.HOW TO ESTIMATE PAINTING WORKS
136 | P a g e
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MASONRY WALLS
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METALS
EPOXY PRIMER
QUICK DRY ENAMEL
139 | P a g e
WOODS
140 | P a g e
EXAMPLE FROM WORKING DRAWINGS
DETERMINE:
❑GALLONS OF PAINT
❑BAGS OF SKIMCOATS
141 | P a g e
SOLUTION:
INSERT DATAS INTO BOM EXCEL FORMAT
142 | P a g e
E. HOW TO ESTIMATE CABINETRIES/WOOD WORKS
ACTUAL CABINETRIES
143 | P a g e
EXAMPLE FROM SAMPLE WORKING DRAWINGS:
SPECIFICATIONS
144 | P a g e
SPECIFICATIONS
145 | P a g e
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: INSERT THE DATAS IN THE EXCEL BOM
147 | P a g e
F. HOW TO ESTIMATE METAL WORKS

FROM THE SAMPLE WORKING DRAWING
148 | P a g e
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SAMPLE FINISHED WORKS
PERSPECTIVE
150 | P a g e
A.HOW TO ESTIMATE SEPTIC TANK
OLD PLANS FOR SEPTIC VAULT
151 | P a g e
152 | P a g e
VOLUME OF SEPTIC TANK

TECHNICAL DATA IN DETERMINING THE VOLUME OF
SEPTIC TANK
MINIMUM WIDTH 90 CM
MINIMUM LENGTH 150 CM
MINIMUM DEPTH 120 CM
For residential buildings 0.14 TO 0.17 cu.m

to serve larger number of
people, allocate of liquid
per person
For small residential
house to serve up o 12
persons , the chamber
should have a liquid
content of not more than 2.0 cubic meters
For school , commercial
and industrial
establishments, the
volume of the septic tank
should not be less than.. .057 cu.m nor
More than……………….. .086 cu.m /person
153 | P a g e
ESTIMATE OF SEPTIC TANK FROM SAMPLE WORKING

DRAWINGS
154 | P a g e
PERIMETER = 2(3.5) + 4 (1.5) = 13 meters
155 | P a g e
156 | P a g e
For Plumbing Works:

1. Quantify all needed pipe fittings.
157 | P a g e
SOME PIPE FITTINGS
158 | P a g e
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B. HOW TO ESTIMATE WATERLINE SYSTEM
167 | P a g e
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STEP 1
DETERMINE THE TOTAL LENGTH OF ½ “ PIPE NEEDED IN THE SYSTEM
169 | P a g e
❑ MEASURE OR QUANTIFIED ALL THE LINEAR METER OF THE

PIPE
TOTAL LINEAR METER = 32.947

IN A ½ INCHES PIPE THEIR LENGTH IS 3M AVAILABLE.
SO TO GET THE QTY. DIVIDE THE TOTAL LINEAR METER INTO 2.7M
(DEVELOPMENT LENGTH OF PIPE)
32.947 DIVIDE 2.7M = 12.21 PCS = 13 PCS (BLUE PIPE ½ INCHES)
FOR FITTINGS
QUANTIFY EVERY INTERSECTIONS
½ INCHES COUPLING 26 PCS

½ INCHES TEE 8 PCS
½ INCHES ELBOW 90 DEG 16 PCS
WATER METER 1 PC
MAIN GATE VALVE 1 PC
CHECK VALVE 1 PC
Quantify the qty in the B.O.M excel Format
170 | P a g e
C. HOW TO ESTIMATE SEWERLINE AND DRAINAGE

SYSTEM
171 | P a g e
STEP 1
DETERMINE THE TOTAL LENGTH OF PIPES NEEDED IN THE SYSTEM
USING THE FF:
FOR DOWNSPOUTS
3” ORANGE PVC PIPE
FOR FLOOR/SINK DRAINS
2” PTRAPS
2” WYE
FOR MAIN SEWER PIPE
3” PIPE AND OTHER FITTINGS
172 | P a g e
FOR MAIN SEWER PIPE
TOTAL LINEAR METER = 23.591M

PCS= 23.591 DIVIDE 2.7M(DEVELOPMENT LENGTH OF PIPE)
= 8.73 = 9PCS (3” PVC PIPE ORANGE)
FOR FLOOR/SINK DRAINS

2” ORANGE PVC PIPE =2 PCS
2” PTRAPS = 6 PCS
3”X 2” WYE =2 PCS
3” CLEANOUT = 3 PCS
FOR DOWNSPOUTS
LM= (6.796 +8.532)2= 30.656M

PCS= 30.656 DIVIDE BY 2.7 M =11.35= 12 PCS 3” ORANGE PIPE
NOTE:
THE OTHER FITTINGS
NOT INCLUDED IN HERE
SHOULD BE ADDED THIS IS
ONLY FOR EXAMPLE.
KNOW THE PROPER FITTINGS
AND ALLOWABLE SLOPING T0 2%.
INSERT QTY. IN THE BOM.
173 | P a g e
D.HOW TO ESTIMATE PLUMBING FIXTURES
174 | P a g e
❑IN ESTIMATING PLUMBING FIXTURE YOU NEED

ONLY TO KNOW THE FIXTURES ITSELF AND
ACCESSORIES THEN QUANTIFY EVERYTHING .
❑INSERT THE QUANTITIES ON B.O.M

AFTERWARDS YOU CAN MARK-UP THE PRICES
175 | P a g e
THE PANEL BOARD
PLUG-IN TYPE BREAKER
BOLT ON TYPE BREAKER
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THE SERVICE ENTRANCE
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ELECTRICAL WIRES
1 BOX = 1 ROLL= 150METERS OF WIRE
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EXAMPLE FROM WORKING DRAWINGS.
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IN ESTIMATING THE WIRES IN A ELECTRICAL PLAN

YOU JUST NEED THE INTERCONNECTION OF LIGHTS,
OUTLETS , SWITCHES INTO PANEL BOARD.
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EXAMPLE:
THE PANEL BOARD IS LOCATED AT KITCHEN AREA.
❑ STEP 1 MEASURE ALL THE WIRINGS FROM ALL CONNECTIONS: LIGHTS,
SWITCHES, OUTLES INTO PANEL BOARD.
IF CIRCUIT 1 HAS TOTAL LENGTH OF WIRE : 15 METERS
THEREFORE NEEDED ARE:

N-15 METERS – 3.5MM^2 ON A 20MM DIAMETER PVC PIPE
E-15 METERS – 3.5MM^2 ON A 20MM DIAMETER PVC PIPE
L-15 METERS – 3.5MM^2 ON A 20MM DIAMETER PVC PIPE
TOTAL PIPE: 15 METERS ELECTRICAL PIPE

❑STEP 2 TO GET THE TOTAL PIPELENGTH DIVIDE THE COMPUTED INTO
THE AVAILABLE LENGTH
L= 15METERS DIVIDE 3METERS= 5 PCS 2OMM DIAMETER PVC PIPE
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❑STEP 3 REMEMBER THAT IN EVERY SWITCHES AND OUTLETS THERE

ARE UTILITY BOX.
Count the : Switches: 8 Outlets: 25

Therefore total utility 2 x4 = 33 pcs
❑STEP 4 In estimating the panel board refer to panel diagram then
quantify everything.
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❑STEP 5 FOR THE SERVICE ENTRANCE COMPUTE THE MATERIALS

NEEDED MAINLY THE G.I. PIPE AND RECEPTICLE AND MAINWIRE, AND
BASE METER ETC.
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❑STEP 6 FOR LIGHTS, SWITCHES AND OUTLETS LIKE IN PLUMBING

FIXTURES YOU JUST NEED TO QUANTIFY EACH ITEMS.
“Therefore generally in estimating plumbing and

electrical works you just need to know the raw
materials needed, their specifications , prices, and the
system how everything works in actual construction.”
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EXAMPLE FINISHED B.O.M WITH MARKUP
187 | P a g e
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FINAL STATEMENTS
This manual main purpose is to help students,
professionals, and contractors to somehow understood and
help them to manually estimate project scopes in each
different set of categories. If there are errors in computation
and everything the author of this manual is open for revising
this first manual in estimate.
This manual is also a compilations of other estimate

guides and not intended for own purpose. The purpose
of this manual is to help our fellow people in
understanding more about cost estimates.
As I said before estimates should not be 100%

accurate but it should be “precise”.
In behalf of MST Connect. We would like to thank

you for supporting our training. Goodluck and God
bless. Happy Learning!
-ENGR. JONATHAN CORTEZ
192 | P a g e

Contruction Manual Estimate - MST Connect 2022

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MANUAL CONSTRUCTION ESTIMATE GUIDE

PART 2 STRUCTURAL ESTIMATE

• CONCEPTS IN STRUCTURAL SCOPE FOR CONSTRUCTION

PART 3 ARCHITECTURAL ESTIMATE

• CONCEPTS IN ARCHITECTURAL SCOPE FOR CONSTRUCTION

PART 4 SANITARY AND ELECTRIAL

• CONCEPTS IN SANITARY SCOPE FOR CONSTRUCTION

“ESTIMATE HAS ALWAYS BEEN REGARDED AS A VALUATION BASED ON OPINION OR

• Used to study the feasibility of the project also.

• A business can convert a preliminary estimate to a detailed estimate. A detailed estimate is

• Besides these line items, detailed estimates can also include:

• A bid estimate is submitted to a potential client in hopes of winning a project. It is based on

❑ PROJETING FEASIBLE TIMELINE

❑ DETAILED ORIENTED ON SCOPE OF WORKS

❑ KNOWING ALL THE CONSTRUCTION RISKS

❑ ALLOCATING AVAILABLE RESOURCES

❑ BASIC KNOWLEDGE IN CONSTRUCTION

❑ KNOWLEDGE IN RAW MATERIALS ,EQUIPMENT AND LABOR

CREATING A SAMPLE BOM

❑ PROVISION OF TEMPORARY BOARD UP, COVER AND SIGNAGES

II. STRUCTURAL WORKS

III. ARCHITECTURAL WORKS

IV. PLUMBING WORKS

VI. TINSMITHRY/ROOFING WORKS

VII. METAL WORKS

VIII. CABINETRIES/WOOD WORKS

IX. AUXILLARY WORKS

4. ON A SEPARATE SCRATCH PAPERS PROCEED WITH THE PROJECT ESTIMATES IN EACH

GRAVEL & SAND SUPPLIER

AND MORE (ROOF SUPPLIER, WINDOW SUPPLIER, DOORS FABRICATOR ETC).

INDICATING OTHER COSTS RELATED IN CONSTRUCTION MAINLY THE FOLLOWING.

II. LABOR COST

B. Can be estimated using the labor cost multiply bit

IV. MISCELLANEOUS COST/CONTINGENCY COST

V. OVERHEAD & PROFIT

TOTAL LABOR&MATERIALS COST : PHP 1,000,000

FIGURE 1.6 (ARCHITECTURAL PLAN)

FIGURE 1.7 (ARCHITECTURAL PLAN)

FIGURE 1.8 (ARCHITECTURAL PLAN)

FIGURE 1.9 (ARCHITECTURAL PLAN)

FIGURE 1.10 (STRUCTURAL PLAN)

FIGURE 1.11 (STRUCTURAL PLAN)

FIGURE 1.12 (STRUCTURAL PLAN)

FIGURE 1.13 (PLUMBING PLAN)

FIGURE 1.14 (PLUMBING PLAN)

FIGURE 1.15 (ELECTRICAL PLAN)

FIGURE 1.16 (ELECTRICAL PLAN)

TYPICAL STRUCTURAL FORM OF RESIDENTIALS

FIGURE 2.1 (STRUCTURAL SYSTEM OF SAMPLE WORKING DRAWING)

FIGURE 2.2 (STRUCTURAL SYSTEM OF SAMPLE WORKING DRAWING)

A. HOW TO ESTIMATE FOOTINGS

FROM MAX FAJARDO BOOK

CLASSES OF MIXTURE IN PSI

CLASS PSI EQUIVALENT

VOLUME= LENGTH X WIDTH X THICKNESS OF FOOTING

VOLUME= 1.20 m x 1.20 m x 0.35 m

2. REFER TO THE TABLE:

FOR C1/F1 (11 UNITS)

TOTAL VOLUME= 0.50 X 11 PCS =5.5 CUBIC METERS

FOR C1/F2 (3 UNITS)

INSERT THE TWO DATAS:

INSERT INTO THE BOM FORMAT:

1. COMPUTE TOTAL LENGH FOR ONE PCS OF REBAR