● Safety devices and trained personnel on site.

Occupational Health and Safety (OHS), also known as workplace health and safety, refers to
the set of practices and regulations aimed at ensuring the safety, health, and well-being of
workers in their workplace. The use of safety devices and trained personnel on-site is an
essential aspect of OHS. Here's an explanation of these components:

(1) Safety Devices: Safety devices are physical mechanisms or equipment designed to prevent
or minimize potential hazards in the workplace. These devices are implemented to protect
workers from injuries and create a safer working environment. Some common safety devices
include:

a. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Ensure that appropriate PPE such as helmets,
goggles, gloves, safety shoes, and respiratory protection are provided and used as
required.

b. Fire Extinguishers: Install and maintain fire extinguishers in easily accessible locations
throughout the workplace to quickly respond to fire emergencies.

c. Safety Signs and Labels: Use clear and visible signs and labels to indicate potential
hazards, safety procedures, and emergency exits.

d. Machine Guards: Install protective barriers, shields, or devices on machinery to prevent

contact with moving parts and reduce the risk of accidents.

e. Emergency Shutdown Systems: Implement emergency shutdown systems that can

quickly and safely stop equipment or processes in case of an emergency.

f. Fall Protection Equipment: Provide fall protection systems, such as harnesses,

guardrails, and safety nets, when working at heights to prevent falls and protect workers.

g. Lockout/Tagout Systems: Establish lockout/tagout procedures to control hazardous

energy sources during maintenance and repair activities, preventing unexpected
equipment startup.

h. Safety Interlocks: Use interlocking systems to ensure that machines or equipment

cannot be operated without certain safety conditions being met, reducing the risk of
accidents.

i. Ventilation Systems: Maintain proper ventilation systems to control exposure to

hazardous substances, fumes, and airborne contaminants in the workplace.

j. Safety Alarms and Warning Systems: Install audible and visible alarms to alert workers
in case of emergencies, such as fires, chemical leaks, or security breaches.
 k. Ergonomic Equipment: Provide ergonomic furniture, tools, and equipment to minimize
the risk of musculoskeletal disorders and promote employee well-being.

l. Safety Barriers and Guardrails: Erect physical barriers and guardrails to separate
workers from potential hazards, such as heavy machinery, dangerous equipment, or
traffic areas.

m. First Aid Kits: Keep well-stocked first aid kits readily available and ensure that
employees are trained in basic first aid to promptly respond to injuries and illnesses.

n. Safety Harnesses and Lifelines: Use safety harnesses and lifelines when working at
elevated positions or in confined spaces to prevent falls and provide a means of rescue
if needed.

o. Safety Cameras and Surveillance Systems: Install surveillance systems to monitor

critical areas, deter unsafe behaviors, and facilitate prompt response to incidents or
emergencies

(2) Trained Personnel: Trained personnel refers to workers who have received proper
education, instruction, and relevant training to carry out their tasks safely and effectively. Having
well-trained personnel is vital for maintaining a safe working environment. Some key roles
related to OHS include:

a. Expertise: Trained personnel possess the necessary knowledge and skills to analyze
potential hazards and risks in the workplace.

b. Risk assessment: They can conduct comprehensive risk assessments to identify

potential OHS hazards and develop appropriate control measures.

c. Safety inspections: Trained personnel can conduct regular safety inspections to ensure
compliance with safety regulations and identify any safety concerns.

d. Incident investigation: In the event of an accident or incident, trained personnel can

effectively investigate and analyze the root causes to prevent future occurrences.

e. Emergency response: They are well-versed in emergency response protocols and can
efficiently handle emergencies, ensuring the safety of workers and minimizing potential
harm.

f. Safety training: Trained personnel can develop and deliver effective safety training
programs for employees, raising awareness about OHS best practices.
 g. Safety culture promotion: They play a crucial role in promoting a positive safety culture
within the organization, encouraging employees to prioritize safety in their daily activities.

h. Compliance monitoring: Trained personnel can monitor and ensure compliance with
OHS regulations, standards, and company policies.

i. Personal protective equipment (PPE): They can educate employees on the correct
usage, maintenance, and disposal of PPE, ensuring its effectiveness in preventing
injuries.

j. Incident reporting: Trained personnel can establish robust incident reporting systems,
ensuring that all workplace incidents are appropriately documented and analyzed for
continuous improvement.

k. Ergonomics assessment: They can conduct ergonomic assessments to identify and

address potential musculoskeletal issues arising from work activities and recommend
ergonomic solutions.

l. Hazard communication: Trained personnel can effectively communicate OHS hazards

and risks to employees, facilitating better understanding and compliance.

m. Training needs analysis: They can identify specific training needs for employees based
on job roles and hazards present, ensuring appropriate training programs are developed
and implemented.

n. OHS program evaluation: Trained personnel can evaluate the effectiveness of existing
OHS programs and recommend necessary improvements for enhanced safety
performance.

o. Continuous improvement: They can actively participate in ongoing monitoring and

evaluation processes, seeking opportunities for continuous improvement of OHS
practices and standards.

● Personal qualification in respect to the executed activities.

Analyzing the personal qualification in respect to executed activities in Occupational Health and
Safety (OHS) involves assessing various factors related to an individual's ability to perform their
job safely. Here some important points to consider when evaluating personal qualifications in
OHS:

1. Training and Education: Determine if the individual has received adequate training and
education related to their specific job tasks and OHS requirements.
 2. Experience: Assess the individual's level of experience in performing similar tasks and
identify any relevant experience gaps.
3. Knowledge of Hazards: Evaluate the person's understanding of the hazards associated
with their job and their ability to recognize potential risks.
4. Technical Competence: Examine the individual's technical skills and competence
necessary to carry out their duties safely and efficiently.
5. Physical Capabilities: Consider the physical capabilities required for the job, such as
strength, endurance, agility, and sensory abilities, and ensure the individual meets the
necessary criteria.
6. Health Condition: Assess the individual's overall health condition and any specific
medical conditions that may impact their ability to perform the job safely.
7. Mental Fitness: Evaluate the individual's mental fitness, including their ability to
concentrate, make decisions, and handle stressful situations.
8. Communication Skills: Determine if the person possesses effective communication skills
to convey and receive information regarding safety procedures and hazards.
9. Compliance with Procedures: Assess the individual's adherence to safety procedures,
protocols, and regulations relevant to their work.
10. Emergency Preparedness: Evaluate the person's familiarity with emergency response
procedures and their ability to act appropriately in critical situations.
11. Risk Assessment Skills: Determine if the individual can assess potential risks associated
with their tasks and implement appropriate control measures.
12. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Usage: Evaluate the person's understanding of
PPE requirements, proper usage, and their willingness to wear and maintain protective
equipment.
13. Teamwork and Cooperation: Assess the individual's ability to work effectively as part of a
team and cooperate with colleagues to ensure a safe working environment.
14. Incident Reporting: Evaluate the individual's understanding of the importance of
reporting incidents, near misses, and hazards promptly.
15. Continuous Learning: Assess the individual's commitment to ongoing learning and
professional development to stay updated with the latest safety practices and
regulations.

These points provide a comprehensive framework for analyzing personal qualifications in

relation to executed activities within the context of Occupational Health and Safety.

● Post-accident order and responsibility.

Post-accident order and responsibility in Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) refer to the
actions and accountability that need to be taken following an accident or incident in the
workplace. Here are some important points regarding post-accident order and responsibility:
 1. Immediate response: Employers and employees must respond promptly to an accident
or incident, ensuring that any injured individuals receive immediate medical attention.

2. Incident reporting: It is crucial to report the accident or incident to the relevant

authorities, such as the supervisor, safety officer, or human resources department, as
per the organization's protocols.

3. Investigation: A thorough investigation should be conducted to determine the causes of

the accident and identify any hazards or failures in the workplace safety procedures.

4. Evidence preservation: The scene of the accident should be preserved to the best extent
possible, ensuring that evidence is not tampered with or removed before the
investigation.

5. Documentation: Accurate and detailed documentation of the accident, including witness

statements, photographs, and relevant records, should be maintained for future
reference and analysis.

6. Communication: Effective communication is vital during the post-accident phase. The

injured party, witnesses, management, and relevant stakeholders should be kept
informed about the incident and its aftermath.

7. Corrective actions: Based on the investigation findings, appropriate corrective actions

must be implemented to prevent similar accidents in the future. This may include
modifying procedures, providing additional training, or upgrading safety equipment.

8. Employee support: Adequate support and assistance should be provided to the affected
employee(s), including medical treatment, counseling services, and rehabilitation
programs if necessary.

9. Compliance with regulations: Employers must ensure that all post-accident activities
align with applicable OHS regulations, industry standards, and legal requirements.

10. Lessons learned: The post-accident phase should involve a review of the incident to
identify lessons learned and to continuously improve the workplace's safety measures
and risk management strategies.

● Fire security and prevention of combustible/chemical leakage.

Fire security and prevention of combustible/chemical leakage are crucial aspects of

occupational health and safety. This are should be maintain:
1. Risk assessment: Identity and assess potential fire hazards and risks within the
workplace, including the storage and handling of combustible materials and chemicals.

2. Fire prevention measures: Implement measures to minimize the risk of fire, such as
proper storage, handling, and disposal of flammable materials, regular maintenance of
electrical systems, and adherence to fire safety codes.

3. Fire detection systems: Install and maintain appropriate fire detection systems, including
smoke detectors, fire alarms, and sprinkler systems, to ensure early warning and rapid
response in case of a fire emergency.

4. Emergency response planning: Develop and implement an emergency response plan

that outlines procedures for evacuation, communication, and response to fires or
chemical leaks.

5. Firefighting equipment: Provide and maintain suitable firefighting equipment, such as fire
extinguishers, fire blankets, and fire hoses, in easily accessible locations throughout the
workplace.

6. Training and education: Conduct regular training sessions to educate employees on fire
safety procedures, evacuation routes, and the proper use of firefighting equipment.

7. Hazardous materials storage: Establish designated storage areas for hazardous

materials, ensuring proper segregation, labeling, and secure containment to prevent
leaks or spills.

8. Chemical handling procedures: Develop and enforce safe practices for the handling,
transfer, and storage of chemicals, including the use of appropriate personal protective
equipment (PPE).

9. Ventilation systems: Maintain effective ventilation systems to control the accumulation of

flammable vapors or hazardous gases, reducing the risk of fire or chemical exposure.

10. Maintenance and inspections: Regularly inspect and maintain equipment, machinery,
and electrical systems to identify and address potential fire hazards or issues that could
lead to chemical leaks.

11. Housekeeping practices: Promote good housekeeping practices to minimize the

accumulation of combustible materials and ensure clear pathways for evacuation.

12. Emergency communication: Establish clear communication protocols to quickly alert

employees in case of a fire or chemical leak, ensuring everyone is aware of the
emergency and the necessary actions to take.
 13. Evacuation drills: Conduct regular evacuation drills to familiarize employees with
evacuation routes, assembly points, and emergency procedures in the event of a fire or
chemical leak.

14. Post-incident analysis: Conduct thorough investigations following any fire or chemical
leak incidents to identify the root causes, implement corrective actions, and prevent
similar incidents in the future.

15. Regulatory compliance: Ensure compliance with local, national, and international fire
safety regulations, codes, and standards to maintain a safe working environment and
prevent accidents related to fires or chemical leaks.

These points highlight the importance of fire security and prevention of combustible/chemical
leakage in ensuring the safety and well-being of employees in the workplace.