Student ID:

BS Civil Engineering
Engr. Dheylvin Buenaventura
ENITV12D – Intervention for Calculus
Problem Set 2 – Algebra Part 2
Instructions: Write your answers on clean Letter or A4 size paper. Take a photo of each page, convert, and
compile it to pdf, minding a small file size. Include complete solutions. Write the problem/ question first before
your answer and include this as your first page, enter your student number for the space provided.
File Name: ENITV12D-ProblemSet2_‘StudentID’.pdf
ENITV12D-ProblemSet2_2022-170001.pdf

Rational Expressions
I. Simplifying Rational Expressions.
Reduce each rational expression to lowest terms
2 3
17 6 x3 ( x 2+ 2 ) −2 x ( x 2 +2 )
1. 6.
85 x4
2
4 x ( x +3 )−3 x ( x +3 )
4 2 2 2
360
2. 7.
288 x
6

x+ 1 2 x ( 2 x +3 ) −8 x 2 ( 2 x+3 )3
4
3. 2 8. 8
x +3 x +2 ( 2 x+ 3 )
−2 x ( x+ 4 ) −3 ( 3−x ) ( x+ 4 )
3 2 2
x 2−9
4. 9.
x2 +3 x−18 ( x + 4 )6
3 x ( x+1 ) −3 ( x + 4 ) ( x +1 )
2 3 3 2
3 x2 y3
5. 4
10.
x y ( x+1 )6

II. Algebraic Operations on Rational Expressions.

Perform the indicated operations and reduce answers to lowest terms.

( )
1. 5 11 6. b
2
b a 11. 3 2 16. 1 1
+ ÷ ∙ − −
6 15 2a 2
a 3b x−2 2−x x +h x
h
2. 1 1 7. x2 −1 x +1 12. 3 2 4 y 17. 1 1
− ÷ + − 2 − 2
8 9 x +2 x 2−4 y+ 2 y−2 y −4 2
( x +h ) x
h
3. 1 1 8. 1 1 1 13. 4x 3 2 18. ( x +h )2 x
2
− + + + − −
n m c b a x − y x+ y x− y
2 2
x +h+2 x+ 2
h
4. 5 3 9. 2 a−b 2 a+3 b 14. x2 19. 2 x+ 2h+ 3 2 x +3
÷ − 2 −1 −
12 4 2 2
a −b a + 2 ab+b
2
y2 x +h x
x h
+1
y

( ) m−2 4
5. 25 5 4 10. 15. 20. y2
÷ ∙ m+2− −x y−
8 16 15 m−1 x y −x
2 x2
−1 1+ 2 2
x y −x
III. Rational Exponents and Radicals
Change the following to radical form. Do not simplify.
1
1.
32 5
−1
2. 2
4x
−2
3. 5
32 y
1 1
4. 3 3
x −y
1
5. ( x− y ) 3
Change to rational exponent form. Do not simplify.
1. √ 361
4 x√ y
5 3
2.
3. √4 7 x3 y 2
4. √3 x 2+ y 2
5. √3 x 2+ √3 y 2
Linear Equations
Solve each equation
2 5 2
1. 10 x−7=4 x−25 6. + =4−
y 2 3y
z 1
2. 3 ( y−4 ) +2 y=18 7. = +2
z−1 z−1
3 a−4 7−2 a 6 5
3. 5− = 8. +1=
5 2 y+ 4 2 y +8
x 3 x−1 6 x +5 3 a−1 3 3
4. + = 9. − 2 =
a +4 a+ 4 a +2 a a
2
5 2 4
1 10 1
5. 0.35 ( s +0.34 )+ 0.15 s=0.2 s−1.66 10. − 2 =
b−5 b −5 b+25 b+5

Quadratic Equations
Factoring.
1. 2 x2 =8 x
2. −8=22t−6 t 2
3. 25 z 2=−10 z
4. 3 w 2+13 w=10
5. 36 x 2=−12 x−1

Square Root Property.

1. m 2−25=0
2. 4 y 2+ 9=0
3. ( 2 k−5 )2=16
4. 16 w 2+ 27
5. ( n−3 )2=−4

Quadratic Formula.
1. x 2−2 x−1=0
2. y 2−4 y +1=0
3. 2 t 2 +8=6 t
4. 9 s2 +2=12 s
3 2 4
5. − =
x−1 x +3 x−2
Completing the Square.
1. x 2−4 x−1=0
2. 2 r 2 +10 r +11=0
3. 4 u2 +8 u+15=0
4. 4 v 2 +16 v +23=0
5. 3 z 2−8 z+ 1=0

Word Problems
Digit Problems
1. The sum of the digits of a 3-digit number is 12, the hundreds digit is twice the unit digit. If 198 is
subtracted from the number, the order of the digits will be reversed. Find the hundreds digit.
2. Find the remainder when 37 raised to 1 810 is divided by 7.
 3. The sum of two numbers is 21, and one number is twice the other. Find the numbers.
4. If eight is added to the product of nine and the numerical number, the sum is seventy-one. Find the
unknown number.
5. When 3 is added to both the numerator and the denominator of a certain fraction, its value is decreased
by 9/4. However, when 3 is subtracted from both, its value is increased by 9/10. Find the denominator
of the original fraction.

Age Problems
1. In a film, the actor Charles Coburn plays an elderly ‘uncle’ character criticized for marrying a woman
when he is 3 times her age. He wittily replies, “Ah, but in 20 years’ time, I shall only be twice her age”.
How old is the ‘uncle’?
2. The quotient of the ages of a mother and her daughter is 2 with remainder 5. Five years ago, the
mother was thrice as old as her daughter then. How old is the mother now?
3. Michael is 5 years older than Scottie and 10 years younger than Larry. In 8 years, their combined ages
will be 65. How old is Michael?
4. The sum of the ages of the parents and three children is 9 decades over a century. The father is twice
as old as the eldest child. When the eldest child was born, the sum of the parents’ ages was 54.
When the youngest was born, the sum of the parents’ ages was 70. In 38 years, the sum of the
parents’ ages will be equal to the sum of children’s ages. How old is the second child?
5. In an organization, there are engineers, accountants, and doctors. The sum of their ages is 2 160; the
average age is 36. The average age of the engineers and accountants is 39; of the accountants and
doctors, 32 & 8/11; the engineers and doctors 36 & 2/3. If each engineer were 1 year older, each
accountant 6 years older, and each doctor 7 years older, their average age would be 41. Determine
the number of engineers, accountants, and doctors.
6. A girl is one-third as old as her brother and 8 years younger than her sister. The sum of their ages is 38
years. How old is the girl?
7. Debbie is now twice as old as Jerry. Four years ago, Debbie was three times as old as Jerry then. How
old is Debbie?
8. The ages of the mother and her daughter are 45 and 5 years, respectively. How many years will the
mother be three times as old as her daughter?
9. The sum of the parent’s ages is twice the sum of their children’s ages. Five years ago, the sum of the
parent’s ages is four times the sum of their children’s ages. In fifteen years, the sum of the parent’s
ages will be equal to the sum of their children’s ages. How many children were in the family?
10. When Chris was as old as Martin is now, the sum of their ages was 51. When Martin will be as old as
Chris is now, the sum of their ages will be 103. Chris is older than Martin by how many years.

Work Problems
1. If A can do the work in ‘x’ days and B in ‘y’ days, how long will they finish the job working together?
2. On one job, two power shovels excavate 20 000 cubic meters of earth, the larger shovel working 40
hours and the smaller for 35 hours. On another job, they removed 40 000 cubic meters with the larger
shovel working 70 hours and the smaller working 90 hours. How much earth can each remove in 1
hour working alone?
3. A swimming pool is filled through its inlet pipe and then emptied through its outlet pipe in a total of 8
hours. If water enters through its inlet and simultaneously allowed to leave through its outlet, the pool
is filled in 7 ½ hour. How long will it take to fill the pool with the outlet closed?
4. Three persons can do a piece of work alone in 3 hours, 4 hours, and 6 hours, respectively. What
fraction of the job can they finish in one hour working together?
5. A new machine that deposits cement for a road requires 12 hours to complete a one-half mile section of
road. An older machine requires 16 hours to pave the same amount of road. After depositing cement
for 4 hours, the new machine develops a mechanical problem and quits working. The older machine is
brought into place and continues the job. How long does it take the older machine to complete the
job?

Mixture Problems
1. How much water must be evaporated from 10 kg solution which has 4% salt to make a solution of 10%
salt?
2. A pound of alloy of lead and nickel weighs 14.4 ounces in water, where lead losses 1/11 of its wight
and nickel losses 1/9 of its weight. How much of each metal is in the alloy?
3. A 700-pound alloy containing 50% tin and 25% lead is to be added with amounts of pure tin and pure
lead to make an alloy which is 60% tin and 20% lead. Determine how much pure tin must be added.
4. A container is filled with 20 gallons of pure water. Five gallons of water is taken from the container and
is replaced by 5 gallons of pure acid then thoroughly mixed. Another 5 gallons is taken from the
mixture and is replaced again by 5 gallons of pure acid. If this process is done repeatedly, find the
amount of water in the container after doing the process 3 times.
5. How many ounces of pure gold that costs ₱ 850 per ounce must be mixed with 25 ounces of a gold
alloy that costs ₱ 500 per ounce to make a new alloy that costs ₱ 725 per ounce?
Clock Problems
1. It is between 3 and 4 o’clock, and in 20 minutes the minute hand will be as much after the hour hand as
it is now behind it. What is the time?
2. How many times will the hands of the clock coincide in one day?
3. If it were eight hours later, it would be half as long until midnight as it would be if it were two hours later.
What time is it now?
4. At what time after 12:00 noon will the hour hand and the minute hand of a clock first form an angle of
120°?
5. In how many minutes after 2 o’clock will the hands of the clock extend in opposite directions for the first
time?