Professional Documents
Culture Documents
REMIER TA
OBJECT
T o verify the Kirchhoff's Current Law.
2 To verify the Kirchhoff's Voltage Law.
APPARATUSREQUIRED
1.
Experimental kit fitted with:
(a) Voltmeter 0I No.
(b) Milli Ammeter 02 Nos.
(c) Variable DC Voltage Source 02 Nos.
(d) Patch Cords
THEORY
and Is meeting at a junction. Assuming the currents entering into the junction as
shorthand was as
written in
This equation can be a
j=1
PREMIER TRADING cORPORATION
/1s
k
V, = 0
j1
of the j" element. Above equation is just
Where Vi represents the voltage drop
a shorthand statement of:-
V+V2+V,+..+V =0
2
PREMIER TRADING CORPORATION
This statement simply tells us that if we start from a particular junction and.go
around a closed circuit so as to come back to the same junctiom, the net potential dro
back to the point at the same
(or potential rise) is zero, because we have come
commit error while writing KVL equation for a closed circuit. Viewing KVL, as
VR
b) A Battery
(a) A Resistor
around the
Now you can write the KVL equation simply by moving nentally
anticlockwise, if you so wish) direction aud
closed circuit in a clockwise (or in an
R2 22092
w
A R 3302
A w
Rg 4702
Fig-3'
PROCEDURE
Connect the different instruments and equipment as shown in Fig 3°'.
)
in anti-
(i) Set the voltage source to minimum position by rotating the knob
clockwise direction.
Increase the source voltage and note down the reading of ammeters A,
(iv)
Az & As
different setting of source voltage.
(v) Repeat step 4 for
with different value Ri,
Repeat step 4 and step 5 by constructing circuit
(vi)
R and R
OBSERVATION
table-1
Record the Observation as per
Table-1: Az t As
A2 Az
S No. A mA) (mA)
(mA) mA) 1.00
7.43 3.57
1. 11.00
4
PREMIER TRADING CORPORATION
2.58 7.96
8.00 5.38
2 14.95
4.85
15.00 10.10
3.
KIRCHOFF'SVOLTAGE LAW
PROCEDURE(a)
and equipment as shown in Fig 4'.
) Connect the different instruments
knob in anti-
Set the voltage source to minimum position by rotating the
(i)
clockwise direction.
R-330s2
R 2202
R-4702
E
Fig-4
OBSERVATION (a)
Record the observations in
table -2.
Table-2:
S No. E
R R2
R3VRIVR VRs V Loop
1. 6.91
(VR+ VR2 Voltage
220 330 +VR3) (E- V)
470 1.48
2. 9.82 220
2.25 3.17 6.90 0.0i
330 470 2.11 3.21 4.50 9.82 0.00
PROCEDURE(b)
) Connect the different instruments and
equipment shown in
as
Fig '5.
(i) Set the voltage sources to minimum position by rotating the knob in
anti-clockwise direction.
(iv) Increase the source voltages and note down the reading of Voltages
across E, E2, Ri, R2 &R3.
R=2202 f|,
R=3302
+
R-4702
Fig-5
OBSERVATION (b
Record the observations in table -3.
Table-3:
S E1 E 2 E R1 R2 R3VRI| VR2 VR3 V Loop
No. (E1-E2)
(VR1+VR2 + Voltage
VR3) (E--V)
1. 9.84 4.85 4.99 220|330 470 1.07 1.63|2.29 4.99 0.00
because of accuracy
Non-zero vaBue, if any, is
Loop voltage should be
zero.
level of instrumentS.
PROCEDURE(c)
and equipment as shown in Fig "6'.
) Connect the different instruments
the knob in
sources to minimum position by rotating
(ii) Set the voltage
anti-clockwise direction
7
(vi)
(Vi) Repeat step 4 and step 5 by constructing circuit with different va
R, R2 and R3.
R2202 R=3302
E R-470
Fig-6'
OBSERVATION (
Record the observations in table -4.
Table-4:
SEIE2 E RI R2 | R3 VR1|VR2 VR3 V Loop
No. (E1+E2) (VRI +VR2+ Voltage
VR3) (E V)
.9.90 4.4714.37 220 | 330 470 3.09 4.69 6.59 14.37 0.00
Note Reading in the all above tables are sample readings/calculation. The
vaiues may differ for different setups.
TO STUDY KIRCHHOFF'S LAW (KCL & KVL)
65 X 32 MM 65X 32 MM 65 X 32 MM
TO BE CUT TO BE CUT TO BE CUT
V mA mA O
R
Ri A w-o
220
- AoWW- R
Vs 330 330 2
ow 470 2
DC VOLTAGE
SOURCE KCL
R1 Ra
OO -0-
220 2 330 Q
-
POTENTIOMETER
Vs 470 2R
O
-MAIN FUSE
KVL