10 Fundamentals of Ceramics

TABLE 1.1
Properties and applications of advanced ceramics
Applications (examples)
nProperty
Thermal
High-temperature funmace linings for insulation (oxide
Insulation
fibers such as silica, alumina, and zirconia)
High-temperature furnace linings for insuation and
Refractorniness
containment of molten metals and slags

Thermal conductivity Heat sinks for electronic packages (AIN)

Electrical and dielectric
Conducti vity
Ferroelectricity
Low-voltage insulators
Insuiators in electronic appications
Insulators in hostile environments
Ion-conducting
Semiconducting
Nonlinear I-V characteristics
Gas-sensitive conducti vity
Magnetic and superconductive
Hard magnets
Soft magnets
Heating elements for fumaces (SiC, ZrO2, MoSi2)
Capacitors (Ba-titanate-based materials)
Ceramic insulation (porcelain, steatite, forsterite)
Substrates for electronic packaging and electrical
insulators in general (Al203, AIN)
Spark plugs (Al203)
Sensors, fuel cells, and solid electrolytes (ZrO2, B-
alumina, etc.)
Thermistors and heating elements (oxides of Fe, Co,
Mn)
Current surge protectors (Bi-doped ZnO, Sic
Gas sensors|(SnO,ZnO)
Ferite maghets[(Ba, Sr)O 6Fe203]
Transformer cores [(Zn, M) Fe2O3, with M Mn, Co,=

Mg); maynetic tapes (rare-earth gamets)

Superconducti vity Wires and SQUID magnetometers (YBa, Cuz0)
Optical
Transparency Windows (soda-lime glasses), cables for
optical
communication (ultra-pure silica)
Translucency and chemical inertness Heat- and corrosion-resistant maternals, usually for Na
lamps (Al203, Mg0)
Nonlinearnty Switching devices for optical computing (LiNbO3)
IR transparency
Nudear applications Infrared laser windows (CaF, SrF2, NaCl)
Fission Nuclear fuel(UO3, UC), fuel cladding (C, SiC), neutron
Fusion moderators (C, BeO)
Tntium breeder materials
(zirconates and siicates of L
Chemical Li,0), fusion reactor lining (C, Sic, Si N4,
BAC)
Catalysis Eilters(zeolites), purification of
Anticorrosion properties
Heat exchangers (SiC), chemicalexhaust gases
equipment in
environments corrosi
Biocompatbility
Mechanical Artificial joint prostheses (Al,O3)
Hardness
High-temperature strength retention Cutting tools (SiC
Stators and turbinewhisker-reinforced Al203, Si3N4
Wear resistance blades,
Bearings (SiaN4) ceramic engines (S13N4