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Keystone Education
Grade 12 Physical Science
Paper I
June 2023
Duration: 2 hours
Marks: 120
Instructions
• Your name must be clearly written on the top of the front page of your test.
• This test consists of 6 pages and 8 questions.
• Read all your information and questions CAREFULLY.
• A separate data sheet is provided.
• All answers MUST be written on your answer sheet.
• Questions answered on the question paper will not be marked.
• Leave a line between each question.
• You may use a non-programmable calculator.
• You are advised to use the attached data sheet.
• Show ALL formulae and substitutions in ALL calculations.
• Round off your answers to a minimum of TWO decimal places.
• It is in your interest to write and draw neatly and legibly.
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Question 1
Multiple choice. Write down only the question number and the letter of your choice.
1.1 A 3 kg block is moving in a straight line at 1.5 m.s-1 towards the right.
The momentum of this block is…
A. 45 kg.m.s-1 to the left
B. 4.5 kg.m.s-1 to the right
C. 45 kg.m.s-1 to the right
D. 4.5 kg.m.s-1 to the left

1.2 Consider the equation Fnet = Δp/Δt

From this equation we can see that…
A. A change in time is equal to a change in momentum.
B. The force is a combination of a change in time and a change in momentum.
C. The change in momentum is a result of the impact time only.
D. The net force acts on the object for the period of time.

1.3 A car of mass m applies a braking force enabling it to travel at a constant speed down a slope
inclined at θ, with the horizontal. The car experiences a resistive force of F. Ignore any resistance.
The braking force needed to propel the car down the slope at a constant speed is:
A. mg sinθ
B. mg sinθ – F
C. mg cosθ + F
D. mg cosθ

1.4 A force is considered “conservative” if the work done by this force in moving an object from one
point to another does not depend on…
A. the path taken by the object.
B. the height that the object reaches.
C. the mass of the object.
D. the direction that the object moves in.

1.5 From the top of a building, ball X is thrown vertically downwards, and another ball Y is thrown
vertically upwards. Both balls are thrown at the same initial speed. Ignore the effects of friction.
Which ball/s will have the greater speed when it hits the ground?
A. X
B. Y
C. X and Y have the same final speed.
D. Depends on the masses of the balls.

1.6 Captain Marvel hovers in mid-air, grabs a villain and throws them forward. Captain Marvel,
however, remains stationary. This is NOT possible in real life, because it goes against which one of
the following laws are principles:
A. The principle of the conservation of energy.
B. Newton’s first law of motion.
C. Newton’s Universal law of Gravitation.
D. The principle of conservation of linear momentum.
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1.7 Which of the following can be used as a definition for power?

A. The rate at which energy is lost.
B. The rate at which work is done.
C. The rate at which the object works.
D. The rate at which energy is translated.

1.8 Consider the diagram below.

https://phys.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Astronomy__Cosmology/Big_Ideas_in_Cosmology_%28Coble_
et_al.%29/04%3A_Moving_Through_Space/4.02%3A_Measuring_Motion_-_the_Doppler_Shift

The listener will hear a perceived in the of the sound wave.

A. decrease, frequency
B. decrease, wavelength
C. increase, wavelength
D. increase, wavelength

1.9 A net force F acts on an object that moves at a constant velocity in the direction of F. Which of the following
graphs represents the force F as a function of the displacement X?
A. B. C. D.

F
F F F

x x x x

1.10 The unit of power, the watt, can also be stated as…
A. J.s-1
B. J.N.s-1
C. kg.m.s-1
D. J.kg-1
[2 x 10 = 20]
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Question 2
A car, m2, of mass 1000 kg travelling west with a speed of 20 m.s-1, collides with a delivery truck, m1, of
mass 1800 kg. The delivery truck is stationary on a frictionless surface. The two vehicles move as one after
the collision.

2.1 State the Principle of Conservation of Momentum. (2)

2.2 Calculate the speed of the vehicles after the collision. (5)
2.3 Calculate the change in momentum of the car. (4)
2.4 Without the use of a calculation, compare the rate of change of velocity of the delivery truck if it
was parked on a rough surface, justify your answer. (3)
[14]
Question 3
A hot-air balloon is rising at a constant speed of 5.2 m.s-1. At a height of 70 m above the ground, a ball is
released. Ignore the effects of friction.

3.1 State the acceleration of the ball after it was released. (2)
3.2 Calculate the time taken by the ball to reach the ground. (4)
3.3 Sketch a velocity – time graph for the motion of the ball from the instant it is released until it reaches
the ground.
Indicate the following on your graph:
• Initial velocity of the ball
• The time for the entire motion of the ball. (4)
[10]
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Question 4
A car of mass 900 kg is driven up an inclined plane, inclined at 20˚ to the horizontal, at a constant velocity.

20˚

4.1 Name the three forces that act on the car parallel to the inclined plane. (3)
4.2 Which of these forces will do positive work on the car? (1)
Suppose the car now accelerates 80 m up the inclined plane. The car’s engine exerts a forward force of
7000N and the car experiences a frictional force of 2500 N.
4.3 Draw a free-body diagram of the forces acting on the car. (5)
4.4 Calculate the net work done on the car. (5)
[14]
Question 5
A ball of mass 1.5 kg is thrown vertically upwards. The ball reaches a maximum height of 3 m. and falls
back down to the point from which it was thrown. Ignore the effects of air resistance.
5.1 Calculate the work done on the ball during its upward motion. (3)
5.2 Calculate the work done on the ball during its downward motion. (3)
5.3 State the force which performed work on the ball. (1)
5.4 Is this force conservative or non-conservative? Give a reason for your answer. (3)
[10]
Question 6
An Olympic sprinter of mass 75 kg is capable of reaching a speed of 10 m.s-1 from rest in 3.5 s.
6.1 Calculate the gain in kinetic energy of the sprinter. (3)
6.2 Calculate the average power output of the sprinter’s leg muscles. (4)
6.3 How would the power output of the sprinter change if he was to reach a speed of 10 m.s-1
in a shorter time interval? Explain your answer. (3)
[10]
Question 7
A police car races towards an accident scene at 20 m.s-1. The siren emits a sound of frequency 680 Hz.
7.1 Explain what the Doppler Effect is. (2)
7.2 What is the frequency of the sound that the people at the accident scene will hear from the siren? (4)
An ambulance is leaving the scene as the police car arrives. The ambulances siren emits a frequency of
650 Hz and the bystanders left at the scene, hear a frequency of 632 Hz.
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7.3 How fast is the ambulance travelling? (4)

[10]
Question 8
Two learners want to investigate the work done and power output of each other as they walk and then run up
a flight of stairs. The stairs are 3 m in height. Both learners start from rest.
The table below has a record of their times.
Mass Time Time Ave Ave Change Change Change in Change in
of to to run speed speed in in gravitational gravitational
learner walk (s) when when kinetic kinetic potential potential
(kg) (s) walking running energy energy energy energy
(m.s-1) (m.s-1) when when when when
walking running walking (J) running (J)
(J) (J)
8.1.1 8.1.3 8.1.5 8.1.7 8.1.9 8.1.11
Learner 45 10 8 (1) (1) (2) (2) (2) (2)
1
8.1.2 8.1.4 8.1.6 8.1.8 8.1.10 8.1.12
Learner 52 12 7.5 (1) (1) (1) (1) (1) (1)
2

8.1 Calculate the missing values (8.1.1 to 8.1.12). Show all your working.
8.2 Calculate the work done by each learner when:
8.2.1 each learner is walking. (3)
8.2.2 each learner is running. (3)
8.3 Calculate the power output of each learner as they ran up the stairs. (5)
8.4 State the energy conversions of the learners during their movement up the stairs. (2)
8.5 Provide a suitable conclusion for this experiment. (2)
8.6 What other forms of energy could the mechanical energy be converted into? (1)
[32]

END