Professional Documents
Culture Documents
EQUIPO INDUSTRIAL
M.R.Pelaez-Samaniego, Ph.D.
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What Is Material Handling?
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Conveyors. Application, Selection, and Integration. Patrick M. McGuire
What Is Material Handling?
The Material Handling Institute of America offers the
following as one definition of material handling: “Material
handling is the art and science associated with providing the
….. materials to the ….. place in the ….. quantities, in the
…… condition, in the ….. sequence, in the …... orientation,
at the ….. time, at the ….. cost using the ….. methods.”
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Conveyors. Application, Selection, and Integration. Patrick M. McGuire
What Is Material Handling?
The Material Handling Institute of America offers the
following as one definition of material handling: “Material
handling is the art and science associated with providing the
right materials to the right place in the right quantities, in the
right condition, in the right sequence, in the right orientation,
at the right time, at the right cost using the right methods.”
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Conveyors. Application, Selection, and Integration. Patrick M. McGuire
Conveyors. Do they add value to the product?
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Conveyors. Application, Selection, and Integration. Patrick M. McGuire
Objectives of using conveyors:
1. Reduce actual manual handling to a minimum.
2. Perform all handling operations at the lowest reasonable
cost.
3. Eliminate as many manual operations as possible.
4. Ease the workload of all operators.
5. Improve ergonomic considerations for each operator.
6.Improve workflow between operations.
7.Provide routing options for intelligent workflow.
8.Increase throughput.
9.Carry
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product where it would be unsafe to do so manually 7
Processes in which conveyors are required:
• Canteras (quarries)
• Puertos (ports)
• Aeropuertos (airports)
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Classification of conveyors:
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Tipos de Sistemas Transportadores
• Transportadores de banda
• Transportadores de tablillas
• Transportadores de arrastre
• Transportadores de tornillo
• Elevadores de cangilones
• Transportadores de rodillos
• Transportadores vibratorios
• Transportadores de techo
• Transportadores neumáticos
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Tipos de Sistemas Transportadores
• Transportadores de banda
• Transportadores de tablillas
• Transportadores de arrastre
• Transportadores de tornillo
Medios
• Elevadores de cangilones
mecánicos
• Transportadores de rodillos
• Transportadores vibratorios
• Transportadores de techo
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Otra forma de clasificar transportadores:
pequeñas cargas.
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Conveyors schematics
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Conveyors schematics
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Conveyors schematics
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Se emplean diferentes materiales como: textiles,
fibras sintéticas o seda artificial, bandas de acero
laminado, bandas textiles impregnadas con goma,
cables de acero.
Las bandas tienen reducido peso propio
Ausencia de articulaciones que se desgasten
fácilmente
Trasladan las cargas con gran rapidez (eje., 2 a 4 m/s)
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Esquema de transportador de banda
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Schubin, V.S., Pedred, C., Diseno de maquinaria industrial
Opciones de montaje:
a) Bandas Sobre Planchas:
Estructura: Una plancha o lámina soportada entre dos perfiles
La banda se desliza sobre la lámina.
Es una buena alternativa para el transporte de grandes mezclas de
pequeños productos que no necesariamente van empacados.
Más económica que la banda sobre rodillos
Normalmente se utiliza en tramos relativamente cortos y con cargas de
liviano a mediano peso debido a la fricción entre la banda y la lámina
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http://lomejorenmantenimiento.blogspot.com/2008/04/bandas-transportadoras_26.html
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BANDA
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Conveyors. Application, Selection, and Integration. Patrick M. McGuire
b) Banda sobre rodillos
La banda corre por debajo de los rodillos dándole tracción a los mismos.
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http://lomejorenmantenimiento.blogspot.com/2008/04/bandas-transportadoras_26.html
c) Rodillo Vivo:
Ajustando la presión que realiza la banda contra los rodillos se puede lograr
desde sistemas con muy poca posibilidad de acumular hasta sistemas
donde los materiales pueden ser frenados muy fácilmente.
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http://lomejorenmantenimiento.blogspot.com/2008/04/bandas-transportadoras_26.html
Alimentadores y cambios de direccion (inclinacion)
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Alimentadores y cambios de direccion (inclinacion)
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Conveyors. Application, Selection, and Integration. Patrick M. McGuire
Alimentadores y cambios de direccion (inclinacion)
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Conveyors. Application, Selection, and Integration. Patrick M. McGuire
Alimentadores y cambios de direccion (inclinacion)
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https://www.phcfirst.com/words-in-motion/2014/6/19/package-orientation-
on-a-conveyor
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Inclines and declines: Avoid angle steeper than the product can safely navigate.
Although it varies among manufacturers, a maximum slope of 22 degrees has been
proven to be a good practice for handling most products. The relationship of height to
length of a product is important in determining the maximum slope it can handle
without toppling. A good rule is to make the angle of incline such that a vertical line
drawn through the center of gravity of the unit load will fall within the middle third of
its length. Keep in mind that if the product could be top heavy, the maximum angle of
incline will be less.
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Incline conveyor configurations: MOTOR LOCATION
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https://www.indiamart.com/proddetail/truck-
loading-conveyor-17334059591.html
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Metering belt
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Belt curves
Curve conveyors: Details
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Belt curves
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Belt curves
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Conveyors. Application, Selection, and Integration. Patrick M. McGuire
Belt curves
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Ejemplo transportador con grandes curvaturas
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Componentes de los transportadores de banda
Ver video:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aHeUEnUZDA8
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Main components of the conveying system:
1. the belt, which forms the moving and supporting surface on which
the conveyed material rides.
2. the idler, which form the supports for the carrying and return
strands of the belt.
3. the pulleys, which support and move the belt and control its
tension.
4. the drive, which imparts power to one or more pulleys to move the
belt and its load.
5. the structure, which supports and maintains the alignment of the
idlers and pulleys, and supports the driving machineries.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/book/9780128030882/essentials-of-oil-and-gas-
utilities
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Componentes de los transportadores de banda
1. Bandas
• Bandas de Caucho
• Bandas de Lona
• Bandas en PVC
• Metálicas
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Tipos de bandas y materiales
empleados en su fabricacion
Ver link:
https://www.sarokcaribe.it/es/productos/bandas-transportadoras-y-rodillos/
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Formas de unir las bandas
a)
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a) a) 53
Proceso de union de las bandas usando
grapas metalicas
Grapas para unir con tornillos o
pasadores la banda previamente
preforada, a); y, grapas que
penetran la banda directamente
gracias a sus puntas afiladas, b)
a)
Herramienta
engrampadora
b)
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2. Rodillos
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3. Tambores
https://www.sarokcaribe.it/es/productos/bandas-
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transportadoras-y-rodillos/
3. Tambores
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3. Tambores (opciones de fabricacion)
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Tambores. Usos y configuraciones
End drive
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Center or mid drive
Conveyors. Application, Selection, and Integration. Patrick M. McGuire
Tambores. Usos y configuraciones
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Tambores. Usos y configuraciones
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In selecting a drive type there are several factors to consider:
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In selecting a drive type there are several factors to
consider:
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4. Elementos Tensores:
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4. Elementos Tensores:
Opciones de ajuste del elemento tensor. Transportador de
corta longitud.
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Transportador de gran longitud.
https://www.pkmachinery.com/
faq/installation-details-of-belt-
conveyor-tension-device.html
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There are three primary types of drive arrangements:
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Conveyors. Application, Selection, and Integration. Patrick M. McGuire
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Sistemas combinados bandas-rodillos
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Mina de explotación a cielo abierto
Cuba
1x transportador para largas distancias LDC1000x4750/C04 fija,
transportador curvilíneo R=3000 m, mineral de nickel 800 t/h
ancho de la cinta 1000 mm
distancia entre ejes 4750 m
potencia motriz 760 kW (4x190 kW)
velocidad
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Mina de explotación a cielo abierto
Cuba
Rodillos
Estructura
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• Mina de explotación a cielo abierto
Alemania
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Construcción de túneles
Alemania
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• desulfuradora de gas de
humo
Alemania
1x apiladora ST900.18
longitud de la pluma 18,5 m
ancho de la cinta de la
transportadora
con pluma 1200 mm
altura de la pila 10,5 m
piedra caliza 900 t/h
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• Estados Unidos de América
longitud de puenteado 50 m
ancho de la cinta 1200 mm
altura de lanzamiento 13,5 m
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1x cinta transportadora sobre orugas
BW1200.37/67R
reconstrucción y traslado
escombros
carbón de madera 5900 t/h 4000 m³/h
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Otros usos de bandas
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Montaje de los rodillos
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Aplicaciones particulares. Ejemplos:
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longitud de la pluma 60 m; altura de la pila 10 m; ancho de la cinta de la
transportadora con pluma 1800 mm; diámetro de la rueda de
cangilones 10 m
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Usos en otros procesos (reactor de pirolisis, Brasil)
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PIPE CONVEYORS:
https://www.bridgestone.com/products/diversified/conveyo
rbelt/products/pipe_conveyor_belt.html
http://www.overlandconveyor.com/consulting/conveyor-consulting-
services/pipe-conveyor.aspx
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http://www.standarda-group.com/Special_Belts/Pipe_Belting/?lang=ru
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https://www.elecon.com/material-
handling-equipment/specialized-
conveyors/pipe-conveyors
https://qdjuhang.en.made-in-
china.com/product/veNQIhVlLCrb/
China-Steel-Cord-Tubular-
Conveyor-Belt.html
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Pipe Conveyor Operating and
Maintenance Procedures
http://www.ckit.co.za/secure/conveyor/pipe/operation_and
_maintenance/pipe_conv_op_main.html
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Bandas transportadoras de corta longitud.
Ejemplos de uso.
Usos: dentro de
industrias diversas
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Configuraciones de algunos transportadores de banda de
corta longitud
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Configuraciones de algunos transportadores de banda de
corta longitud (cont.)
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Airport conveyors
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Sistemas automatizados de empaque (o embalaje)
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Otros usos especiales
ISO 1891
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Bandas: Seleccion para diferentes usos
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https://www.ibtinc.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/Fenner-Dunlop-
111
Conveyor-Belt-Manual.pdf
Ejemplo de catalogos de bandas para
transportadores:
https://www.apache-
inc.com/CMS/WSCentral.nsf/weblinks/AHBD-
97RS39/$File/AHBD-97RS39.pdf
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Conveyors systems costs:
In addition to the cost of the actual equipment and the associated
electrical controls:
• Mechanical and electrical installation.
• Information technology programming for any interface with a warehouse
management system or host enterprise resource planning system.
• Operator training.
• Periodic maintenance.
• Spare parts.
• Cost of stocking spare parts on site.
• Specialized training for maintenance personnel.
• Maintenance contracts.
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Conveyors. Application, Selection, and Integration. Patrick M. McGuire
Equipment selection guide:
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Conveyors. Application, Selection, and Integration. Patrick M. McGuire
Equipment selection guide:
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Conveyors. Application, Selection, and Integration. Patrick M. McGuire
Conveyor Selection
1. Identify the product(s) to be conveyed.
2. Use the following list to identify which selection chart(s) to use.
Baggage Chart I
Bags Chart I
Bundles and bales Chart I
Cans and bottles Chart A
Cans, drums, and pails Chart H
Corrugated cartons Chart C
Crates Chart C
Loose, bulk material Chart B
Metal pallets Chart E
Plastic pallets Chart G
Slip sheets Chart F
Tires Chart H
Totes Chart C
Wheels Chart H
Wire baskets Chart G
Wooden pallets Chart D
3. Review the selection notes and then refer to the applicable chart(s).
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Conveyors. Application, Selection, and Integration. Patrick M. McGuire
Selection notes:
1. Corrugated Boxes
• Good condition: Taped or sealed cartons with dry, flat, firm
conveying surfaces and of sufficient strength to support their own
weight.
• Fair Condition: Dry, sealed and unsealed cartons with bent
edges or corners and minor nonflat or bulging conditions.
• Poor Condition: Battered cartons that are apparently soft due to
dampness or wetness, or that have irregular bottom surface and
uneven weight distribution, and barely have sufficient strength to
support their own weight.
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Conveyors. Application, Selection, and Integration. Patrick M. McGuire
Selection notes:
2. Straps, Binding, etc. on Boxes
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Conveyors. Application, Selection, and Integration. Patrick M. McGuire
Selection notes:
3. Unusual Products
Some of the more challenging products are 5-gallon buckets,
drums, wheel rims, or plastic pallets.
The same holds true for pallets that have bottom boards only
around the outside periphery.
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Conveyors. Application, Selection, and Integration. Patrick M. McGuire
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Conveyors. Application, Selection, and Integration. Patrick M. McGuire
Chart B – Loose, bulk material
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Conveyors. Application, Selection, and Integration. Patrick M. McGuire
Chart C – Corrugated cartons, crates, totes
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