DAI HOC HA N<)I

DAI HOC DAI NAM

&fiflffl
HANYU JIAOCHENG
~w~~rH 3=ffiffl
ffi HJ}
...t
GIAO TRINH HAN NGU
T!P III - QUYEN THVQNG

•
"
BAN BIEN .
DICH
Chu bien: Trio Thj Thanh Liem
Hoang Khai Hung (Huang Ke Xing) - Hoang Tra - Nguyen Thuy Nga
N guyen Thi Thanh Thuy - Dinh Thi Thanh Nga
Pham N gee Ham - Nguy Sn Thi Thuy Hanh - Tr~n Thi Thanh Mai
Dao Phong Luu - Pham Van Quay - Hoang Van Tufrn
Tr~n Hoai Thu - Vii Thi Thu Thuy - Nguyen Thi Luyen

NHA XUAT BAN DA.I HOC QUOC GIA HA N<)I

 LOI GIOI THitU

B{> Ghio trinh Han ngft moi cua tac gia Duong Ky Chau chu bien, Nha
xuat ban Dai hoc N gon ngfr Bile Kinh phat hanh lfin nay duce sira d6i va b6
sung tren CO' so cua b{> Giao trinh Han ngft tnroc day ma quy doc gia da
dung do thac sy tieng Han - Giang vien chinh Trfin Thi Thanh Liem chu bien
dich va bien soan b6 sung.
Giao trinh Han ngft moi voi nhtrng thay d6i vS thir tu cac bai hoc, phan
giai thich, tu moi, n{>i dung ... da duce tac gia b6 sung va d6i moi, do vay
nguoi hoc se co the tiSp thu nhfrng kien thirc rnoi hon, hieu qua hon va thanh
tich hoc t~p se duce nang cao hon ...
B{> Glao trinh Han ngft ftn ban lfin nay gom 3 t~p (chia thanh 6 cuon)
T~p 1 co 30 bai, gom 2 cuon, m6i cuon 15 bai
Tap 2 co 20 bai, g6m 2 cuon, m6i cuon 10 bai
Tap 3 co 26 bai, gom 2 cuon, m6i cuon 13 bai
B{> Giao trinh Han ngft ftn ban moi nay gom 76 bai voi noi dung tir dS
dSn kh6. Bi\t dfiu tir luyen t~p ngfr am CO' ban cua tieng Han, tir d6 tien hanh
giang day kSt ciu ngfr phap, ngfr nghia va ngir dung; cuoi cung Ia giai doan
giang day ngfr doan, thong qua S\J' hieu biet sau hon vs ngfr phap va van dung
tu ngir, de nang cao hon ntra kha nang bieu dat thanh doan van cua nguoi hoc,
M6i bai hoc bao gom cac phan:
1. Bai kh6a
2. Tu moi
3. Chu thich
4. Ngfr phap, ngfr am
5. Luyen t~p
Giao trinh Han ngft moi co 3300 tu moi. Phfin bai khoa va noi dung dam
thoai co quan h~ chu diem d6ng nhat voi bai luyen doc trong phan bai tap,
tren CO' so bang tu moi cua tung bai. Chu diem bai khoa bao g6m nhieu Iinh
V\J'C trong dai song hang ngay, gioi thieu nhirng kien thirc vs dftt mroc va con
ngiroi Trung Quoc nham tang cirong su hieu biet d6i_v6i dftt mroc Trung Hoa.
Giao trinh duce bien soan theo htrong m~u cau dS true tiep di vao thvc
hanh giao tiSp, nhung cung giai thi~u khai quat ciu true ngu phap cua tiSng
Han hi~n d~i. Cac phfin chu thich trong bai neu ro nhfrng kiSn thuc vs ngon
ngfr va b6i canh van h6a Trung Hoa.
Phfin bai t~p cua giao trinh nay chu y ren luy~n ky nang giao tiSp, mo
phong va b6i duong tri nh6 cho sinh vien.
DS h9c hSt giao trinh nay nay cfin 600 tiSt h9c, sau khi h9c hSt sinh vien c6
the tiSn hanh h{>i tho~i thong thuang va co the d9c hiSu cac bai van don gian
c6 S\J' h6 trq cua tu diSn.
. 1 •
 De giup sinh vien tiep xuc voi am dieu, ngfi dieu chuan xac, am sac cua
tieng Trung hien dai, giao trinh con co mot be) bang ghi am do cac chuyen gia
noi tieng, giau kinh nghiem thuc tien cua Trung Qucc dQC chuan xac, <lien cam
cac phan luyen tap, bai khoa Va dan dQC cac tu moi.
ho
Do thoi gian bien dich qua gap, viec bien dich va sung khong tranh kh6i
ho
nhung sai sot nhat dinh, rat mong dong nghiep va hQC Vien, sinh Vien gop }'
sung de CO the dap ung nhu cau cua nguoi hQC.
Ban bien dich va bien soan sach ngoai van

Th~c si Tran Thi Thanh Liem

Truong Nganh tieng Trung - Truong Dai hoc Dai Nam Ha Noi

. 2.
 ( 1 )

-, i*X
=- ~ifu
=. i£lf ( - ) iJl~i~
( =) §EE§ 1=Et-tl!.-*OO~H1-1¥
c =) ~131.JHimm- r ~rt7 ili*
[ill' ifui-affli! ( - ) t~-=f
( =) -tJJ
C - ) ~n*
( till) *f't
( Ji) RM-
( /\) x-t-=f
(-1::) ITT]

-
-, i*x
( 15 )

=- ~iru
- ' i£lf ~i~
tm , irDi-a m ~ c- ) ® ·
c=) *

I
 (-=.) ~~
( [9) X······X······
( li) %JJIJ

ua 6 Bae Kinh ( 28 )

-, i*X
=,~im
=' iriJi-a Jfltt (- ) *
c => i9J irIJ + r
( =) i9Jiri] + .l:
( [ill) $~
( li ) -tfL i/f

ldAINI ( 39 )

-, i*X
=' ~iri]
- , imi!Jfltt ( - ) -AUL+ -tfL +~Iii······
( => ~:ct
(-=.) fij1[
([ill) ~ft
( li) )A
( /\ ) Z9J + lf + Z9J + lf .

II
11111 u ( 52 )

--- i*X
z.. ~iP]
- " ti:ff (- ) 11fu T,
{tlti1i:i!ftM$45
( =) ft$ikt~~~{iJ?.45~Et9$
( _=.) j£:(£ftti::WJ!1:iiJJtB'9Bt1~
NL iP] i! ffl t! ( - ) -N iJl
<=) jt~
( =) ~:(£
(Im) ffl1t~
(Ji) ~r

( 66 )

--- i*X
=-- ~i,Pj
---ti:~(-) ~~*-H¥~~mEt9
( =) -MzB"JIH~
( - ) ~#ffifJM!ttP~
Im'\ iP]i!fflrt (- ) ~t~
( =) - + ;}JiP]
(
-
_=.. ) .:ft.
~JH\
f}c

( Im) ft~
(Ji) *
(/\) -······-····· ·

Ill
1111 uy~n thanh ngu ( 78 )

( - ) i~:¥JE~
<=) §f§~Jm
=-- ~ifi]
-=-. aft ( - ) ~ittOO.r
<=)m~~~~ffl§~Nilim~r~T
rm . ifiJi! Jflr! < - ) igjWJ + T

<=)
(=)
**
A~
( Im ) ftu ftu
(1i) ;gT
(/") ~~
( -t) ;Jtrp
( }\) &5£~

16111 y~n tinh yeu ( 92 )

--- if)(
=-- ~iP]
- " ¥±ff ~Jr.~)tt-}¥1J!~*f*~~M-*1m
rm . iP]i!Jflrt < - ) fffPJ
<=) g:1:
(-=) iL~~
( Im) -Ji
( Ji) ffl~" 1JJ

N
.,, ( 78 )

,./

( - ) illi¥ JE~
(=.) §l§Tfi
=" 1:.iii]
-=- . aff < - ) ~,ttoo£
<=) ~~~1:.~ffl§~N*m~r~T
Im -. iiiJ i! JfH! ( - ) Z9J iiiJ + T
(=.)
(-=.)
**
A~
( Im) ftuftu
( Ji) 7-JT
(/\) ~ff
(--t) ~~
( )\) &Jtr.~

Mii ' y~n tinh yeu ( 92 )

-.- iJx
=" 1:. iii]
- " ¥±ff ~1P-8"Ji:f-t¥1J~~*fj(~~M-*rl9
Im" iiiJi!fflt! ( - ) {ffey
(=.) ~-
( =) iL~~
(Im) -:ii
( Ji) 1JJ~" 1J}

N
-·
-, i~tt
giac hanh phuc ( 104)

.=, ~iP]
-=., ri:ff ffi~Ifj
Im' iPlift J:flr!

.'**
( - ) 'If]~
(.=) iU~
( -)

(Im)
(li) ~
( /\) xt··· ···~HJt

.,, ·.·gminhlen ( 117)

-, i:fx
-=, ~ipj
- , ri:,, c - ) ftfn~JL-,~ m~reft:tJ1:t£Him ······
C-=) tFf!fHfL, +~~a_t
( - ) ftB~$:0nJ 8'-JtIA T
Im, iPliafflr! C- ) H
c-=) m
C-=-) tr~
( Im) LV.J§
(li) tf]
( /\) f~~~

v
... iac hanh phuc ( 104)

-, i*X
=, ~iP]
- , tl:ff $~I~
iP] i~:,J:ij 1! ( - ) r{1j ~

.~*
[ill '

C=) ¥U~
( -)

( [ill)
(Ji) ~
c /\) x1··· ···*i3t

Mii gminh len (117)

-, i*X
=,~WJ
- ' i£ff (-) ~ffEkJL-,~tfL~re~:o~:(:EHLtm······
c=) ~~1fH1L, +~~a_t
(-=.) ~B~nx:0PlffJfIAT
[ill' iP]i-a fflr! (- ) *
( =) }iWj
(-=.) ~~
(Im) k,{J§
( Ji) tp
( /\) f~?.~

v
- --- il>C
1oi da nhln thay dia bay (130)

=-- 1:.iP]
-=-- ttff -¥W$~
im _ ·-j,P_J i-a m rt c - ) jd"J
( =) ~~"Jffjj[P)
(-) Q~
(Im) Jc*-
(li) +?t
C/\) %~-j,Pj + r~

- --- il>C
J:ngtidi ngay dau de (145)

= '\1:.iP]
-=" tiff nz:fJ~itM
C- )

( =) {.,-fJJJJLtfiJiJl T
C-) M~~~
im __ iP]m mrt c - ) ,@:ff
c=) xt~
C =:) ~'tB
C Im) ~1i
(Ji) lV-1'1

(/\) *

VI
 {~ g noi nguoi dan (158)

-~ ilx
=~ 1:.-tm
- ~ ff ff (- ) ~*
c=) 1J:t
C-) 1£*-f-Blf, ten-atxt
([ill) *~
(Ji) ~§~B'-1$-ippq~~L!t
tm ~ -tmiim~ c - ) ,~~tz
C =) ,~,1i
( -) ~

C tm ) II]~ 'tB
( Ji) tt
( /\) -tff-1£
( -t) 1Jxt
c ;\.) & rm
C 11) -······ t;Jt~··· ...

-
MDIM
,,-,,')W'i;;:.:
\ • ?x' -.,,;J- ~
<
,:,;,>;
slue: Dap an mot s6 bai tap de thamkhao ( 173 )
(181)

VII
 Lesson

~--i* ~ ~ a~ at 1,1
BAI 1 KHI DI XA NHA

• il)( Kewen Text - Bai dQC· ··· 111111

~1tl-f-YJG~~tt~iJL~Al tf ~ '3f >J iX.i-3-o J~,,(f~+Ji1 ~f~-f ~J~

J, ,~£~-iJL~f:tl{r-J~*o

~~~x~~,~~~**i':ifr~, ~~#+~, ~~, ~-h

~~~-~~~~~~o~~~±*,~*~~#*%~~~,~m
i -f ~ ~ ~ ~ , lzsl Jtt , ~ ~ itt JJJ3 h".. :fp ~~ ix. i-3- ~ :t- Yip ~ i , -tE- -t» -f
~~~*~~*%~1~mo~m~1, *~~kli1~o~~~' ~

. 1 .
~~~1~~~-*~?MM~, ~~h~M*$?
~~w,~r~*~~~~,~~~~*o~~~~~~~~~
ix. i% , tJ .i1J 'f ~ --i!. + -i; :t- ifrJ x.. lf- ~ a'-J ~ ~-!- ~ ~ o ~ xt x_ ~ i>l ,
~ t:; f~ * k 1 ' 1t I j)G J' mi - ;tf ' ii gJ G ~ 1 J!k _ft_~!£~
0 ~ ~ ' gJ ff]
gJ ~~* ~ 1rii-lf-, ftro-1t~ ~4--ro ~ .tr ~o x_ ~~it~ a'-J ,t±t~,
~~r~*~~~~~~a'-J, ifrJA~m~~~~a'-J~*~~a'-J,~R

MM~~~'f~~ro,*+£M~~~h-~~wo~~~' &
:if't't,£.1f"~JL, %i}f~1f1~~ 'f ~a'-J--rJJo ~~El Jo rJ~JlttJ, 1-lt
m~~~Y*jt~,#~~a~a'-J~~I~o
~~-Jt-$.;re_~~.itliJL*ho ~~1Jat, 1-ltizlizl!l:~~~1.f~~l-t, M
i~~~Dl ~El o ~ J1J x_ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ a'-J ;tf +, ~ a'-J ffl ~El~- r ~~it 1
tl:f *- 0

~'f~~ro, x_~'t't*1i, ~~~~~~~~i~, ~~~

±o ~;}]~~>), 1tffit t:k:~!£~0
1

7-1 1i.l 1-lt 1f1 it,(; , ~ ~ 't-!- 1 i j\ :t- .tr ~ -i~ , ~it~ xt ~ 1f1 a'-J i: ;fp

@l~i.l3ticJ~ Answer the questions according to the text

Tra lai cau hoi theo noi dung bai hoc

(1) "ft" m!tEtEl§~JL? "ft" 7'11t~ "Ji:.~m1fiJl.~ ili B"J~~,,?

(2) "ft" 7'11t~~*9=100?
( 3) "ft" 11'00~~~7'11t~~DitffJt-Ht?
( 4) Jt-Ht7'11t~~Jc~:i: "ft" ¥U9=1 l~B~? J5*7'11t~XIAJ:i:T?
(5) Jt-BJ:xt "ft" m:te T 1t~~>Jt?
(6) iJiJl~ iJUt § B ~ ~mt8"J '11 l5l a

. 2.
&11:inl Shenqc! New Words - Tu moi ······························

vucnwcnq (nguyen vong) desire . wish; y muon, su

aspiration mong muon
2. tJt--t c miJ) zhonqvu (chung vu) finally: a! rot C\lC, CUOi Cung
3. ~J)t (igJ) shlxicn (thuc hien) to lam, thuc hien

4. *i licnxi (lien he) to contact lien Iac, bat moi

s. e~ man (man) to hide the giau, che d~y,
truth giau giem
dushenqnu (d9c sinh nfi) only con gai mot
7. J-f duoban (da ban)

8. mJ Jtt yTnd (nhan thu) so; therelore- ; do do, vi the, boi vay
for this reason
9. *-?t. f'!j /)
( fl] gu6ran (qua nhien) a' expected ;
sure ~ n·;illv
dung la, qua nhien

10. ~11:i ( ,g) shrhuc ·( thuc thoai) truth noi that, lei noi that
11. xt-t c 1r) dulvu (d6i vu) with regard to : ve, doi voi
conconung : to
12. -t-;t ( Jli) gulao (co lao) ancient; nge-old co kinh, co xua
13. ifiJ { ii) er (nhi) but ( used !.o connect nhung, va
two opposite
In meanmg that show
a contrast) : and ( usf·d
to connect t \VO pa rts that
are c1msisknl. m mr-aniug )

14. rli ( -~6) nice (dieu) bird chim

15. ~i:iL ( j{}j) ctun (d9cl~p) to be d9c lap, tu l~p
16. ro ~ (fl)) zlzoi (tu tai) u nre- l rai lre« thong dong, nhon nho
17. :t~ ( iJJ .g) kaolu (khao lu) to consider ; Can nhac, xem xet,
con~itleratic~n tinh toan
18. ~16 ( :g) jTnhou (kim hau) m future; tu nay ve sau,
Irom now on sau nay
t .
19. ~,tt ( :g) sh1qing (su tinh) ti11ng viec, su viec
20. ?t~ r .,.:f1 'i
\ -Y; I gaibian (cai bien) to change thay doi, doi khac
xiangfa (tuong phap) idea each nhin, quan diem
22. 1J(& lfn (lam) just sap, sap sua

. 3.
23. ~#--efr ( ) plnrnlnq (phanh mang) lieu, bat chap,
bat rnang
24. ~ ( soi (tac) nhet, dut, bit, nut

25. ~ J31J 1rbie (li biet) to ; to chia tay, rci ho

26. !}_ wang (vong) to ngong, mong doi

to
,:
27. ~ {
\
) hui (huy) to vay
28. HtUEl ) yon lei (nhan l~) tears nude mat
29. ~ ~-1'%
'°v' •V'
' licnlion (luyenluyen khong no rdi xa,
bu she bat xa) quyenluyen
30. ~l1# {
\
) zhufu (chuc pho) to dan do, can d~n
to ur~e
31. it·~ fang xTn (phong tam) lo set an tam, yen long
at rest
32. *-~ bicodc (bieu dat) to express
or ) .
<lien dat, trinh bay
/ "
to convey; lo voice
33. ;ffil~
,~. ,~ ) xicnqnion (tuong niem) lo mi ss nh&,nghiden

II ftff Zhushl Notes - Chu thich P

.. < !:. l~

. r?:"x,_, , . truth
,...,,.;, <
N6i that •

"ii~i!" is used to introduce the words that follow, usually one's opinions, ideas
or feelings. Also "ii1i:.-.£it" , "ii~s{J".
"ii~it" de <lien dat each nghi chan that cua minh, cung co the noi " i.5l1L"£ it"
hoac " ii~B"J"
(1) 1'!; , 4'-- R.. :t- Yrfi i#- aJ.i ~ ;tj" aJ.i ~ '7i" ~.t 11Jr tf o
ix. ~ 1

c2) ix. ~
1'!; , ~ -t!!..JL §J; - ,kjt ~ ,t-J~ '7i" a
(3) ix.~
1'!;, ~ - ,~t JL~;f: Af!,-i- o

i;;t-~ live freely abroad for a year

Tu do thoai mai ra nuoc ngoai song mot nam
"M-!if" 8°Jt~~m-!ifo
/.:J::"" means "l'ive r
u.---'-r
"'-:+ 10r a year " .
"u-!rf" nghia la "song 1 nam"

·4.
 Bong dung nuoc mat toi cu trao ra.
ti"
Tim 7 tf::i
•
*
Tears suddenly welled up in my eyes.

"-rr" ffl*f'l=~ffio *m~f'1=1[Hjc, BtfaJ1&~0 s.¥.1JJ1£1&~B"JBtfaJpq~

f'l::%Jft' 'twtfl ttl J,ruE;X~1t2t~ 0

" - r T" is used as an adverbial. It indicates that an act ' a circumstance ' or a
change takes place , emerges or finishes quickly.
" - r r" dung lam trang ngu de <lien dat hanh dong xay ra nhanh, trong thoi gian
ngan, Nhan manh dong tac hoan thanh, tinh huong phat sinh hoac thay doi nhanh ch6ng
trong thoi gian ngan.
(L) JLlf-;f:~, ~-r-t*i!~ ~ 1o
c2) -ii "Ji.-", ~-r-titJG!~~*-10
(3) ~~.lk.M, -r-tJ.A~~~J:Afr*-10

Iii inJittJfli! crvo yongfa Usage - Ngu phap ···················

1 ~. ~~;~, ~ ~
,/ ;.<~
. t. last Cuoi cung, rot CUQC
*m~M~*~~B"J~hE;X~~,&~te~T¥#~*o~#~*$~*
:rJHt ¥U B"1 o
"t1r" is used to indicate a result, usually an expected one, finally materializes
after a long time of expectation or a lot of efforts.
"tt-=f" dien ta ket qua CUOi cung da dat duoc trai qua su CO gang, cho dci lau dai,
phan nhieu chi hy VQng dat duce.
(1) 4\ 1!l-¥- itJG ~ -1!._ ~t ~ ;,fJL ~ *- lf l!l '* >] i5l ~ ' JJ\!, ,ti_ i! ~ ~ -1!._ jf -t
~ JJ\!. 1 , I~£~ iJL;f: ttl fr-] ~ * O

(2) ~ii~:}], 1-tl!Afr~J:.1:k..':!fo

( 3) *
4\ 1!l-f itJG ti ;t ;t J}J\ ' 4'- ~4\ jf-f' ;t .flj 1 0

C 4) ~ ~ ~ittr-J ~ 1!.. jf r ~JJ\!. 1o

;;:;:~

)bing Tat ca.lmoi thu

"-tJJ" Jrdtimo *~~$, ~#o ~1tRi "$" 1IWc~ffl o f'l::5;£i1H~tffi
i; iP]Bt~~~W "B"J" o
"-tJJ" , a pronoun, often collocates with "$" . It cannot be followed with " B"J"
when used as a noun modifier.
"-tJJ" la dai tu, thuong dung ket hop voi " f~". Khi dung lam dinh ngfi tu sue cho
danh tu thl khong ket hop duce voi " 13'9 ".
Cl) tA-:!-Jf-X~~' 4\itJG,ti:~*i':!f~~, dJ,~#-t~, tif)t, i!
-+» ~ s: ff~ ~ 4\ fr-] x.. -Ht 1tk fr-] 0

. 5.
 ( 2) + ~ ~ d},-:kf 1 ' ;r)G ~ t~ ft 1
$. --tJJ 0

(3) Mtl *-at~~ 1tl i J~ ~ ~ >) ·tt , 1.a ~ J~,ff. --t» ~ >) ·tJ 1o
(4) ~£a'-J--iJJ){f$.*-iJL, ~~}J~~~~o

3'£ - JEE! 'ft.

~~-ltxko

~o *-. used to expresses a hypothesis.

*
Bien thi gia thiet.
(1) $. ~ ~~ !£ -k , ~o *-.k. ~ 14- %-i}f X. -BJ: , 1-lt 1f1 i -f ~ ~ ~ -;f; o
( 2) ~o *-. ~ J;i] f1! , ~ Y~ *-.f\ ~o

( 3) ~o *-1t ~, ~ *-*&~ , iJG-i- tJL~ t1e, a

( 4) ~o *-.~ 4\, ~ - ;t.-i- gx_,,+J Jt<At a

*·· · ·· · "
" :~m E JiI Pf ~ 1JD !IJJ iP] " B"J iE" a

"~I]*······" can be followed by the particles "B"Ji!".

Sau" ~D*· · · · · ·" co the them tro tu" B"Ji!".
( 5) ~o *- r f:F:J a'-] -i'-5, $.1f1 i£ -i- l1~?

Jt; sure enough ; really Dung nhu, qua nhien

"*~" indicates a fact is just as expected or as described by others. It is used

before predicate verbs, adjectives or subjects.
"*~" bieu thi su rat giong nhu du tinh, nhu da n6i. Thuong dung truce dong tu,
vi ngfi hinh dung tu hoac chu ngfi. .
o) $.J~ tB ~ rn ~ a'-J **-ilf r x. -BJ:, 1-tt1n u1r r , *-.t.t ~ *-~ ~
*
0

(2) U}f Jl}J ~ i}t }J~ ~ ,t,&_ $ a{] X.. -:kt l1t x._ 1t_ 11: , $. -k l1t J - 1k. , *- ~
~4fo
<3) *- 9c.. f9f tll iJLlt- *- ~ f:F:J , 1t ~ , *- ~ T ~- *- r o

( 4) k ~ -j,}L i1t 1 ~ # P-i , $. a'-J #, ;r)G ~* a'-J , i1t 1 P-i y~ 16 , #, *-. P.t
-R..tt-R..-:k=f-1 0

;'0 cannot but Danh phai

".RM" indicates that under some circumstances one has no other choice but to
do what is stated after ".RM" .

. 6.
 " J=Hf" bieu thi trong mot tinh huong nao do, khong co su lua chon nao khac, chi
co the nh ti the.
Cl ) x._ -EJ:- ~-fl~ {JJ.J ~tJ * ~ xt {JJ.J , iJG ){ -kt ~ ~ ~ -i- ~ # r o

c 2) + Ilir J:. ,t, ~ "F ~ r f:F:J , ~.t ~ f:F:J ~ , ){

~ *'* ~
f:F:J 1-t w i~ 0

( 3) at~ B>lJ:.~ Im *-at t.J ~ ~.t~ /A'-~ i\ ~ r ' ){-kt~ ttl fJL~ 0

(4) 1 *
.Ji..1J J .1t ! M1J {JJ.J i~ ~ iJG-k 1, ){-kt -1t ,t.o *-
to , concerning , to Ve, doi voi
"xtr" ~J:IFf~iWJwJ; 1i:J;-lj~wJ, ihWJtllito
"xtr"' may be used either before or after nouns' and is rarely used before verbs
and adverbs.

"xtr" dung truce danh tu, nhung it khi ket hop voi dong tu, pho tu khac.

(1) *-
i>L ~ -i'f; , xt-t ¥f ~1ti 1t z. , ~ i£ ~.t !JI, -kt a
(2) xt-ti!.~l'iil~, *-~~1~8*~0 * ~1f1;i~xt-ti!.~l'iil~8
*~o
(3) xt-t .x.1t, ~~1~ iA.Jl-{r-J o
( 4) J jfl \:f ~ A ii -ii5", xt-t jlt_ ~ ix_ i-g- P)f-j,JL ~t jJ ~f 't ~ ~JI}J o
~~: m "xtr" B"J1ilrt~~~~m "xt"; 1.s m "xt" B"J1il-=f, ~ ®~fm
~m "xtr" o

Note: "xtr" can be replaced by "xt" in any sentence; but in some sentences
" xt". cannot be replaced by " xtr" .
Chu y: Nhung cau dung" xtr" deu co the thay thebang " xt", nhung cau dung" xt"
co the mot so thay bang" xtr" duoc, nhung cung co cau khong the thay bang" xtr".
( 4) Jl~ ~ 1f1 xt~1~~~ ,tt a
~~~ii: * Ml~ 1f1 xt-f~1~~~,tt o
:~~
,., ~~:%~"~ ',t pung, nhung ma
-t.;@i! o iitiM1'#-JLl B"J%~iiu~%~iiuiWJtll, *~1f.tfH~ fto
"rm" is used in the written language to link two parallel adjectives or adjectival
phrases that complement each other.
" rm" trong van viet, dung de noi hai tinh tu hay hai cum hinh dung tu quan h~ ding
lap, bieu thi bo sung cho nhau.
-tl: Jlil
( 1 ) ~x... 'cl: a ;tm ~ ~" .s:
k ;f,tLJ:(_
s!t1,:i=- IA.. fp '
I~'~

. 7.
 It is also used to link adjectives, verbs and clauses to indicate a turn in meaning.

In this case, it is used similar to "{f3 ~" and "tlJ" .

Noi hinh dung tu, dong tu, phan cau de bieu th] su chuyen ngoat. Cach dung giong
" ·,_:JE
19 l=t " va' " .±n
"'!.J " •

C3) it#tl!Jj1A$n;trm ~n"t o

c 4) ~i!;rtit ~-t~~, «A\ ~1· rm"t1-¥-n o
(5) ~ ~ ~r?B~AfU~' rm lf 00 r*1 ~ !::; ~~af.1lfr r O

Iii ~>J Lionxl .

Exerc1ses - Bai
a1 ta~P · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·· .

'3i..::0:.
ls::1 J=I Phonetics Exercises Ngu am
(1) mifmifnl Pronunciations and tones Phan biet am, thanh dieu

t-}-t zh6ngyu ftA~ chongyu

'' .£
''-> xTnli ,~Jl: xTnlT

*~
-;to*
lionx]
ruguo
t! >]
Jt:ii
licnxl

luquo

flsl Jt vincl -JJ~.t yTngshl

JEJ
'~'I\$
4'- xiangnian 1Jlit xionqlion

(2) ~JHj Read out the following poem DQC thanh tieng
,#--fo4'- Y6uzT yfn

( m) _i:~~ (Tang) Meng Jioo

~-It+ lf ~' er mu shou zh6ng xion ,

,#--f- t J:. *-- 0 Youzl shen shone yT.

Un xfng ml ml fenq,

Yl kong chf chf guT.

Shei yon cun coo xTn,

Bao de son chOn huT.

. 8.
G ii.]i~ Read out the following phrases Tu ngu
~JjtJ_!~, ~JJt~1: ~JYl-1' 7
~{.j1J1i ~{.j1Jifil_~ ~trfL4h
~lf*.i :J!..~Jf*_~
I~ , " *~ , . . r-b;t~
'+ :)L_
'if.
11,+~ 1),* ;}]
I ,~-i
k.k

1J{b ttl J1... 1J{b J:_ 4- W] 1J{b J:_ ~ tJL

.tft-4tift ~#-4t~ >) ~#-4t .J:,1t
ittx.~~ i itt~:t~~ ;_ itt JJ}J ~ ~ ;_
itit,~ -1'iX 1~ it-1' r 1~

0 ~ii.]fa~ Choose from the following words to fill in the blanks

Chon tit thich hop dien vao cho tr6ng

(1) *
$.-!¥-iiJG ~' ~t ~ tJL4?- j1J J~-!- ;t ;t , A, k ~ ~ ~ 1: ----
~JYl 7 0

(2) :k.~lf.~YA$, $.~~~~~ i±o

(3)
(4)
:f-P it 7 ~ 1!f
k~f9!-tlliJLA,k~r:m, 1~;t,
~ *, - ;t_4?- -1' ~ *
r~Alr
o

(5) ~-Jr~ YA$, ;t :1-Pi!$.~ i ~ X. ~ o

(7) $.~i!, ~o *-~~ 14- * %-i)f X. ~ a{] 11,, 1~1f1 i -f ~ 1?- ~ ~,

P)f YA ff~ ~ 1~ 1f1 0
cs) Mtl J1J t IJ:l a{] at1ii, ~ ~ i ~ ~ ~>J ·tIL 1.a ~JJt1f.~ ~ -Jr 7 ,
i!.Jt-~ ,~, JL o

( 9) A : 1~ ;fr Jf.1tl f+ ~ ?
B: $. jf:,1.f $. a{] ,t:l~ ~ :ftvifi it~~
*
o

( 10 ) i!!:- Jil J:. a{] --iJJ ,tt ~ 1f. 3t. 1-t tf , 1~ ~ jt 1-ff A. a{] ,t:l ~~ 1?-

. 9.
 --
t1J1;?

(1) *-tfJ!)flro, ~~t 7~aJ.i--it1io

C 2) 'F JJI v~ ro , ~ ilcA-i: --- ~ ~L. 1tk ,t,&. a
(3) ~~--tJJ-f~d], v~ro, ;1-%-i)f~~~tl:!J!), ~~J,-1
v~ro ~,~,JL~ k ~*o
c 4) ~l!iM~~f1J tf J!) v~ro, *+ !lJlJJ~ ~Jr+ l£.-i'-&- a
(5) ~1tl..fif~~'~J:..*J~~~, A,*-~+~ -!l_f~f- ~JJt _
__ , '~ .J'..~iX.~ tt! ~*o
(6) 1Ja;*-at, -%-%~~~ 1tl% :j;~, .:t#-4ft- 1i.~
ffif.£~, ~~:j;~kj, ffif~~~ Jo
(7) }]}] A_ Jr-$- ~* *JLJ:h' ~ Ji1l at ~1-tt ~ :~ ~ %
---
,tf f , ~ aJ.i Dtl im ~ )1.L 1 tt! *- o

( 1) ~t ~1~lf1~1tzM-~t' ~ ki- 0 ( rtrJ rtrJ Jl )

(2) 'ffc~it( 1 , k ~t~,(f. 'l~ ~ i_ >] , --- *_.tjp~t<-1-t-!- 1 0

( rtrJ ' rtrJ Jl )

(3) ~ :k. ~ *-*- , jfj~~jfl~Jffc ~ :iio ( y~)6 ~)6)
( 4) ~ Jr J. a}] k T 2f- Jc-£- lfl~ $J ~ ~ ll , ___ -!-4tl-1-t;ri,~, JL
4\o ( t.tro y~)6)
( 5) ~ --- ;t,(f. ~ JL ~ ~ 1f- i5l -i-g-, t.t ro-!- Ji1J fl-) k ~ ~ >J tf J!)
( Jr J. ~ :t)
c 6) ~ 1f1 Jr J. !lJtJJ k-!-4'9 tv , 1,t~JL i!G1tl~ 1f1-~-!- a

(~-!I_ ~:t)

· 10.
 (7) A: :!-1¥1. 1t ;tf" f+ ~ ?

B: ~i£~~ -Jff~o ( .:tr Jr- ~ J.t )

(8) A: 1t ~ ____ -k~i*i? 1t~Jl~,-k, Pm1f1
-~-k, ,t-~{-f-?
B: ii:~ -r, -jff P]b?

( .:tr Jr- ~ J.t )

(9) ~t ~ ~ v. 7-J JJL(f. ± J;jt ~ 1~ iE.1£. Bf_ a ( ?k ~ ~ )
C 10) ft!!AfJ~Jtii 1, iif~t~ ~ *-¥iit\ 1] a ( ?k~ ~)

Put the words in the brackets in the proper places

Chon tu trong ngoac dien vao cho trong

(1) i!AtJGJlB~~C%i}f1;t¥1Da ( -tJJ)

(2) A Mtl J1J B ~~ :Y: ¥] at1it, ~J1J C ;i~Jl D }]~ ~ 1/Jrjf a ( -tJJ)
( 3) A }1~1.i;t A B ~~k.-Jff, C 4f1!1J 1 D a C-r-r)
c 4) ~ ~, A m B 1t a~ c i~ ~ D , iif v~ PJb? ( -r JL)
(5) A ~J1J B J~1f. Ci£~~*-, D ~*- 1a ( %-+)
(6) ~A~,% B ®' C -~JL, D ~Jl~1 a ( yJGJt)
(7) i!-1--.£$JJ A ~yJG~~ B J1J C Ji.1tiL4h Do c r)
(8) ~ .:tr Jr- A it B 1¥1. C iJG -k i*1 ::t J~At D a c r)

0 ~ ,£fiJ =f Complete the sentences Hoan thanh cau

( 1 ) Mtl *- ¥1 at 1,t ~ ~ >J ·rn- , ;t Yip iJL , ii - ~ 1-- JJ iJG -Jff 1 a J~ 1f. ,
--t-%Jlii-k1, 0 (*it)
(2) k.~iJL, ~#-ir-lf-*-i-&.~, 1t¥J~tJG~-Jff-¥J, 1t;t, ~~
.:trr-+-+, o C*~)
(3) }J~R._, ~i! 1~' a ( X-Jff)
( 4) 1t ;fr~ ¥1 {-f-=j-, ------------ 0 (%-+)
cs) 11!; oo ~ r , ~ ~ 1n ~ *-;t ~ , __________ o

(-Jff-Jff)

· 11 ·
 (6) f~it~:h, ____________ o (f{<--j-)
(7) _________ =ft~ ~1n i£~ ,1' ~~Ji o ( xt r)
( 8 ) ~ 11JJ~ J L ~ ,1' i!J-!- , 0 ( ;y)G)l)
------------

ji 1iJ 1£~ Link the sentences into paragraphs

Lien ket cau thanh doan van

(1) A. JGJt.)l~kfr-)£~, 't't1~~;t1fA~

B. ~fr-)~~ )l-,t- ~ a}] ,J,J,h\
C.*~~kfr-J~~,~~~;t~~~fr-J££
D. ,J, at1ii, ~ 't ~;t 11~ ~ a}] fr-)£~

(2) A. f1J 'f ~ v~ro ~i£)lit{-f

B.ro*~fr1~~,~~~~'t~~~~~~fifr-J£~
C.'t't-~~i~~~~~~~**aki;t
D. k~~~f_~a}] ~fr-)££

0 ~ffi1i] Correct the sentences Sita cau sai

· 12 ·
 ffj~~~ Language and context Bieu dat theo tinh huong

A. rJu1iJr~1t~'tWt£ r iJl.EJ{J?
Cl) J_t,ff.~~~1!~~-f~J,tT, ,~£~-ix.~t:B~~*"o
(2) ~n-~Lf~~14-:f%i}f:kt, :kt%-f~~~:to
(3) ;t:ktJJ~ ~ ~~~~ -H--t, ~ ~ u~jEJ ~-r -f 51.L 1 tB *-0
B. rJtl'tWt£~~*~?
(1) JI]~ it1t ~~:kt, 1t ~.t~ at fa], 1.a ;t J1J M ~ ~ ~=+-f, 1t i£
'E1 kfr r.; -? k /, ~~?
}<_ :,f;- )ff- J ' ;& ~ 1-JL .
(R*f)
( 2) ~ JJ I*M ~ ~ ]1J at , ~ !JJ ~ -Jr , fftl ~El ~ 51.L 1 ttl *- , ~ #
,~~~
I q q, ,
~
I\$
h~ .;i;f?
Y/U •

~~fl~ Fill in the blanks Chon tu thich hop dien vao cho trong

-f~~,~~*-t~at,1m~m-~oo ~tlr-~±
aa ~at, ~il~~~~Jl: k~~~~-+Affl,~~~® --

- 6J 1~ : " ~ 1n ~ ~ 1t a'' ;t J1J ~ 6J 1~ , ~ ~ utt ~m - 'F -t it 51.L 1

@ 0 ~,j1Jy,l~~Jm~1f1~]1j J, ~.Jl-~,~tJL~~~~o 1.a
s.. *-t ~ ~ ~~+~ i:J~dJ,*f-1, ~R*f%]1JJm~, ~@ ---

· 13 ·
 1"1. 1.i lf I1=l {f.J "1. iJL O

-~A.*-.f1J-ff-11=l~~' ®---- ~)tfij_i_a'-), --tJJ~8.flJ~

~ffio~Jt~t:f711=l~~,~~R~T~~~M~o~~~,~~-A
~tt ~ ~ .f1J J~{f. , ~ 1 I1=l i*J lf.J M ~ _l_ # ~" ~ JI!J ~" llNfJ ~ Y~ >'r , Jt.
~~lf.JJl~~~T~~~M~o® ~~~m,~{f.lfl1=lff.J
1- ,1;~Jl~f 't:J~~i1µ.;fi~ {f.J O

M~.f1Jt:J7l!J-~Jl, ~(1) ---- ~~~8Wititl1 ~f;to {f.~

r.t x , ~ 8 .f,J ~f '*a~ ,
+ ~ra ·t-B} .f,J t I1=l *- iE{f. ~ 8 .f,J ~f ;;~~t 1µ 0 '*
a~ at, i!..f,J 1-1l.;t~ ,(; lf.J t I1=l k ~ ± ® l:i ~ ~ 1i.- ~0

#i&, *~~i*!~-#tJLr~-k"ti.i.." 1fi.ffeo ~1Jt1f,(;•tt-r-f-J(fi

Jo ~afBftJ:., ~f;t£~j].~,RJik~X.~, *ik_k_~~i$!ik~l1S- _l_~1f1
rn
l:J ~
2:> .t.h .§!h
WJ ~,,J~o
.:s?.
~
jk_ -t!= lla /.'€1 -r J- sa:
;", -1'.J<.. E11'-if ,,.1' AXJ , '1-Y<-A ~ /I J ,-flj~....-6 -1'J<..JJ'.5l. +,
Ja a ..1- 2:> "~ 7 ..:!tit ~b. -t!= -:1;:-I- rJp • 1- -t!= /.f7. ~
1-..L-1'.J<..1~ ·~·

~o{f.#i&-1!.,~~M~~~~#~~,AT~lf.J~~~~o®
-- ~ff.J~Mr,~{f.J~**~~~~itm~ro
it! f;t]f;, fl~ ~~~ik~.f1J ~ ~-:t-»t, ~{f.J x. #"1txt m G lf.J -k JL-
t+ xt 1t ~ , 1,:_~ 8 .f1J t/G 1t lE1 .f1J 1 m G ~ - t+ o i1'.. -i1' 1fl~ ~ ~ - ~ A. ,
® ~~tl1=l, ~t:f711=lA.~rJt.iff.JrMo

i~ ft~ ii] Supplementary words Tu bo sung

1. ~A~ jiezhi (gioi chi) (finger) nrurD nhan ( deo tay)
2. j1] ke (khac) to carre z to cut khac, cham tro
3. M...JilJ g011 (col~) to encourage co vu, dong vien
4. 1~~i gudu (co doc) lonely; alone mot minh, co d<)c
5. f6•t.ft houhul (hau hdi) to regret hoi han, nuoi tiec
6. "ft 10 (1<;1c) to fall he hind sot, de quen
( roi, ha, sa sut.i.)

· 14 ·
 ~=:i* ~t :t: a~ m .$
BA.13 BONMUAOBACKINH

II il::t Kewen Text - Bai doc · .. · · · .. · ·· · · · .. ·

t~~k~~~g, -~~~~,X,~,~~+~~a
itJG ~ it ;f~ ~~ j:" * iJL P~ , N"" 3- }]
f 1J Ji. }] }t_ ~ ~ , /, }] .f tJ r-: }] }t_ X
~' + - }] Jt.~k~' + _:::.}]
iL}] .flJ
f1J ~ -=--~ ~ _:::.}] ]i_ ~ ~ o

$-k* 1, ~ti'>R 1, ~-Jt 1,

*-- ~ IJi.:fr, r o A. 111 JJ3l 'F ~ *, ;t~ J:.
$- *- O -kl; ~tt ;fp J' 1:k -f 111 Jr J,t 1.ff it it
I

1t 1t ~ , 1-tt 111 ,Ii_ ,iA J:. ~,J -A~ , ,Ii_~ WJ ,~! ;tm , /~ ®J Y fL itli r ~~A. a'-J ~k. Ji,
0 ~ :fr, 3t Ji, ~_9l ;fr,®}, ~~ 14", ~ i.4' *
*
0

:!~ ;fr, + 3- ~k · · · · · · f 1J !tt_ ~ ~ v~ ~ f 1J

m -Bt Jil ~ i~ fl-J ,4A. o
X*-*- 1, k.~1~ 1 a A.111't
1r *~ l1t JG a_t ,t,&. , 1.1,t 1 - k
,11<- a

a'-1 A.111 $ ~k. f1J >'r i1L 1ii ffe, Jfiff k JL o

Il:; 1$- i1L ' /~ ®} _£ ~ ~ *- ffe ~ A. 1-lt 0

· 28 ·
1n - iiL Jt - iiL JWr , K 1-rf ,t~ +Jc mi ~ t.} o
~t :Y: a'-; ~ k tt tt ,{'-- , 1.8 Jl flt~ - -]f- , £ -f- -2. 1tl flt {o O J1J 1~ k ,
A.1f1$~kvt "*A~", - ~JL o A.A ..=-.li.,t- JJJl ~, ~ ~ ~~Jt ~ ~1f-
k~~iiL, iiL~, iiL~, iiL~, ~*~ilA.~$~~ao
-11., ~
..-tu lf,
J..h
WJ
.s, ..:t:
.;: ~
-r: ~
/I' rp -Cr ~
§ ,
1 "E1
'l_g_Jl:,

~Jl 'F r ~, A.1nitJG~1tii l1-{+

1o 1tl ] A.~* J:.JRbtm tJL-i- >'r iiL ,ij{l

;tm o .Ji-f 111 - ,~. . JL ~ ~ 'ffJ ,{'--, 1i~
Jt J:. it ~1 i;t ~1 , Jfi ~ A. , Jr ~ {l ,
11 11

'J' )}ft {o J' -f 1! 1.rf i.I. i.I. a'-; , »tA.rf Pf ~

I

~To ~ti:A.$~k~0 ~~3!s-}1f-, ~k~JlTJLJhk~, i_:-_11=--

~~;tf"M-~x.Aa
~t-t-lf-tlTlM-a'-J.$l1~ltikk ro k~~,t-~~1~, ~~r
~, ~1tl~Y~1J~o :k.1it J:..f1J ~Jl~f+t, J1J ~Jl~*-o -Ej:-.f1J %J ,t., A.1f1
~ % ~k !1J ~~ >'r -!- J;t ill aJ.i i.I. O }]~ ~~

l1t s: ~k k lTl ~ nFf aJ.i ~ ~ o *- ~ ill "

;t i1. l1t , Jl ~t ~ A. J1'l $ ~ aJ.i 5* #J o
l!l s. l1 Ji 1r1 JtJJ faJ , iE. Jl ~t -t
-11=- tf ~ ~ lTl ~ aJ.i at 1,1 o -Et J1J l!l
R l1, ± l!l ~~1tl J ,:#A.~~~;t-,J
JfJ 1R $J] J1J ~t :Y: *- it<. ,:# o ~ s: 1:t ~t
r
J1J k-#; fl 3:h -!- ~ ;t , itJG ~ ~µ i!. , ~ ,t- -J; ::t- a'-; l!l ~ -Jto ~ K 1-rf J ~ 11=-
~ , 1:t itJG ~ ~ !iJ, fJJ 9¥ % R " 1~ ~ io + aJ.i t l!l A.Jl J ~ 1~ ,tt o ~ it 1:t
~~J:.~,t-~fi{r-J~~' ~J:.~~~*~-lfa'-JA.mo
*~a'-; Im~' 1t 1:t 1f11f. ~t -t" 1±- tf I!] !i 5* 1-rf-f--#; {Jt ~ 0

· 29 ·
§l~il::X:fa]~ Answer the questions according to the text
Tra ldi cau hoi theo bai hoc
C 1) jt* -ip~ JL-1'-*ll? &1'-*ll hAJLJI iUJLJI? 1$ff100*~?
c2) jt*B"J~x~~ft?
(3) jt*B'-J~x~~~?
( 4) jt*B"Jq:.7e~~ft?
(5) jtJ?:B'-Jfkx~~~?
( 6) {$ff] 00 *~*~ 8"J Im*~~~? if~ ttl *Jf iJl-iJlo

II ~iitJ Shenqc! New Words - TU moi ······························ ..I!

( :~) bufen (b9 phan) part; section; phan, bo phan
share cac (noi)
2. J~ IK ( .i;) d1q0 (dia khu) large urea vung, mien
3. JJjl ( i}i) tuo (thoat) to lake off coi, thao, ga ho
4. ~~ ( .g) dongyT (dong y) qudn ao mua dong
5. ~*- ( {,;;) chunzhuonq (xuan trang) spring clothing quan ao mua xuan
6. -M;~[l ( .'.fl) gOniang (co nuong) girl co gai
7. iiA ( ri ) hu (ho) lake ho
8. \i]-Jfil hu6 chu6n (hoach thuyen) to row a boat cheothuyen
\1] ( !)J) hu6 (hoach) to row cheo
~{; ( 7i) chu6n (thuyen) boat~ ship thuyen, xuong, do
9. ~i~ ~ iJj) chonqrnon (sung man) to cram; day du, tran day
lo be full < if
10. i#A. ( .1';) vouren (du nhan) visitor: sighbh::r: du khach
tourist
(hien dac) to look; to seem; ro, ndi len
to uppcar
12. 4.£:f.} (Jr~;) qTngsong (khinh tung) light: relaxed; thanh than
no! fee Ii ng nervous
13. k.~ ( :),; ) hu6gu6 (hoa oa) hotpot; chafing noi lau, lau, canh n6ng
dish
14. IJ1 wei (vi) to enclose; vay quanh
to surround
15. foJ 1.i ( i}J) xiangwang (huong vang) to yearn for; to huong t&i
look forward to
dui xueren (doi tuyet snowman ; snow dap nguoi tuyet
nhan) piled up HJ
a human

· 30 ·
 Jft (iJJ) duT (doi) to pile up; tu danh dong
17. ;tr~1t. do (da tuyet to have a snowball danh tran tren
xuezhcnq truong) fight: to tuyet
snowballs al each
;tr do (da) to ; to danh

18. '* ( dong (dong) to

lo
d6ngcung

lo freeze
19. J#.,~ ~!s rul xue ( thuy tuyet a ti me] V snow pronl I:SC>, tuyet roi bao
+lr- zhao
feng ni6n
trieu phong
nien)
d ; a <now hieu mua mang
year, a rich vear boi thu
20. J~ chong (truong) ( a cL:1::-.::;i Ii--r tran, van
a sport
21. JJtA ( .,$!;) sh6ucheng (thu thanh) harvest; crop g~t hai, thu hoach
22. it (±)]) shu (so) to be reckoned as dem, tinh toan
exceptiona] [v (
or bad, etc. )
h\ comparison
23. k1it ( :r; ) dajie (dai nhai) mam street duong pho chinh
(Di ~
24. -,1-t.J ( Zi ) xianhua (tien hoa) fresh flowers hoa tuoi
25. ~ ( {i\il) mei (moi) every time moi, cac
26. ~ (1';) gua (qua) melon dua
27. *- ( i;) gu6 (qua) fruit qua
28. 3(~ >'r ( ~fr ) jiaowai (giao ngoai) outskirts : countrvside ngoai 6
around u city
29. *-_ ~ ( Jf~) mein (mi le) beautiful xinh dep, dep
30. J- ~ ( .g) jlnqse (canh sac) scenery: ViCW ~ SCCJlt' . phong canh
31. l!l '*- 11 Gu6q1ngJie (quoc khanh National Du1 Ngay Qucc khanh
tiet)
32. 37 ~ ( °{/ifJ ) du6me (da ma) what; how; biet bao, biet
to a great extent nhuong nao
33. jtl'.14"-- ( -r'r) rujln (nhu kim) now; Loduy; ngay nay, bay gia
at presont
34. 1JJ ~ ( Jf;) qfnl6o (can lao) diligent: industrious; can cu, cham chi
hurdworking
35. ~R shonlicnq (thien Iuong) good and luong thien,
kind-hearted tot bung
36. ,~ ~ ) re'oi (nhiet ai) tn yeu men

37. h:..-M ( JI~) vouhco (huu hao) friendly than thien

· 31
 38.

39. ~
*~ ( +r:- \ qTn'ai
\ '!/

( zk}J)
J

yuan
(than ai)

(nguyen)
dear

to hope; to wish;
than yeu, than men

nguyen, tu nguyen, chuc

to like
40. -t~ ( H}) ptnq'on (binh an) and sound yen a, binh an

~~ Zhucnmfnq Proper Names Dia danh

Beihai (Bae Hai) Beihai Park Bae Hai
Xiang Shan (Huong Son) Mount H uong Son

3. -J- ~ Fk Shlsnnlfnq (Thap Tam Lang) the Ming Tomhs Thap Tam Lang

II inJitf JfH! crvu yongfa Usage - Ngfi phap ····················

* + ~ ill] + * + $1 iWlo ~ ~ kA ;tit 1' JI 00 t£ te it !IL $1 ill] Q ~& r " iJt, ~ ,

i4" ~~ "It , tt*3t' ?ti-Jr" ~ fJt!.m:
* + noun + * + verb"
0

The structure " is used to introduce a topic. For verbs we

can only use "iJt, ~, ijf" or " rt, tt$Jt, )tf)r" etc. , e. g.
Cau true" *
+ danh tu + *
+ dong tu" dung de giai thieu mot chu de muon noi den.
Chi dung han che voi cac dong tu" iJl, ~, ijf" hoac" rt, tt$Jt, Jti-Jr" v.v... Vi du:

(I) tJG ~~~;f~ :t: *-1JLi1~, tJG~± ~ :k. ~7}~ LR-ff, ~~ ~X

~k~ lZ}J 1--.$ ~ O

c 2) i~- i% aJ.i - Jt~ i% * ~t r >'r ~ ~ >1 :t- s: J;t ~ ii aJ.i , ~ " r ,, 1~

" ~~" ~ GJ #] )f] * *- iJL , 1P<. % A Ia ~ ~ 1, 1.a Jk_ i£ )t ~ :9;µ i!.
:t~~mo
(3) ~ A 1*.i !£.. ~ 1]<.-f- *- iJL , :tll ~ i£Jk_ -f P<. ,tJt #J o

" Verb + r" indicates the completion of an act , suggesting a sense of " taking
off".
"~ WJ + r" dien ta dong tac hoan thanh mangy nghia thoat ra khoi.

· 32 ·
 ( 1) -.f1J~k.A.1f1~R5l r ~~, .t~J::.~*-o
( 2) ~ -itlli iJUJ5l "F »:. tl , .t~ J::. ~~i o

*ffi AJ!x ¥ ~ ~ ~ f'p EE ~ !it rt] 11£!1.t ' ~~*~!it ' IU :it11£!1.t fltl ~a :
O

"~" indicate a movement from high to low in position.

"~" bieu thi nguoi hoac v~t di chuyen tu cao xudng thdp hoac phuong huong tu cao
xuong thap.
<3) it ~~1n ,t}t ± T , ~ 1n J::. i*- r o
< 4) ~~ -iJJ 1-i~f.L r r nttim o

(5) ~ 1f11'A~£Jl r il-l -!-11~0

( 6) 1~~t 'F 1J<.-!- Je:A~ -=f >Fi 1J::. :4l o

This sfracfare indicates an act having a result; sometimes suggesting a sense of

"joining together" .
Bieu thi ket qua cua hanh dong, doi khi mang nghia "tiep xuc lai voi nhau"
( 1) -.f1J ~k., A.1f1 ~R5l r ~~, .t~J::.~*-o
< 2) ~J~ if r * J::., 4JJ! J::. n , m 1n iJGJl
11
O

(3) Mtl :4l at ~ >J ·ti , - lr 16 ~ t:.J t~ ~ J::. 1 ~ 1-- J~ "7i" , ~ ~ :t ;f,
-Jt 1 0

It may indicate a movement from low to high , or the reaching of a goal.

Bieu thi nguoi hoac v~t di chuyen tu thap len cao, hoac dat duce muc dich nhat dinh
nao do,
( 4) ~;t JlA~# J::. m 1t .$. tl!-!- 1o
< s) 1~;bl~ ~ *-J::. r + ~~ o
( 6) ~4--lri~ -t~ J::. 1 *- ~ 0

Biet bao

" ~ ~" is usually used in exclamatory sentences to indicate a high degree. The

· 33 ·
usage is quite similar to that of " ~" .
"~~ "thuang duce dung nhieu trong cau cam than bieu thi rmrc dQ rat cao.
(1) ~ Jl 1t ~t .fl] :k. *fl r ~%-!- ~ ~ , y)G ~~µit , i!. ~ -i; :t- a'-] gJ ~
-:ko ,lt- ~ 1.rf % ~ lf- ~ o
(2) 1t-i-1YJG~~i!, }J~£a'-J~~~%~:ko
(3) %~ ««
,~lll'7J !
(4) ~t ti:! gJ ~ >] % ~ ~ $. ~ lll'7J !

probably; maybe C6 the

"-tiLif" indicates conjecture or uncertainty. It is put before a verb, adjective or a

subject as an adverbial.
" -ti1 if" mang nghia phan doan chua khang dinh, thuong d~t truce dong tu, hinh
dung tu hoac chu ngu de lam trang ngu,
( 1) -k J v~)6, ~-it1t~~J-_i!_~ :k afl a'-J Jh\ rf1 o
( 2) ~ -t+-f , ~ -it~ 'F r=F:J o ii.fl* 1-- r=F:J ~11e.. o
(3) lf~ 1 11e.. ' ;}~ i!.Jtl:. 'f ~ lf~ 1 ' 1t a'-] ~~-it y)G *1 0

( 4) .fl] JJil1f.~i£~.l*-' ~-ittJG~ *- 1'

~ 1f1 ~~l-1{t 1 0

(5) ~ -it 1t ~ ~ J-_ i!.~ :k aFf a'-] Jh\ "$" ' ~ J-_ i!.Jtl:. ;t~ ,tt ~*a'-] A..1f1 0

lml tl>J Lionx! .

E xerc1ses B'.
- a1 tap · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·
A

'.:li..:tc.
li:a J=I Phonetics Exercises Ngct•am

(1) *3¥-ii-*3¥00 Pronunciations and tones Phan biet am, thanh dieu
~/..~
'7J buten ~ 7J'" bu fen
JR,#- luy6u J.! d7 1Ty6u

~R shcnlionq ~a
~ shangliang

--<ef-*
1~ xianhua l*J 1,"f; xicnhuc

;fpf- hepfng f;---jf- heblnq

f-Jh guangchang ir gongchang

· 34 ·
 ( 2) ~A if Read out the following idioms DQC thanh tieng
f.J 'Ji..-#-~
-!:=J 1-o 1t /f:1- nice yu hue xiong lie rl goo zhco

:fk ~~* qiO goo q1 shuonq wan l'i' xue pico

i.R] i! Read out the following phrases DQC lien nhieu am tiet

k~~ -~~ ~~.i~IK ~~#t~

' 1:o 'u'"
Jf./j11j fL i~ ~!J!.. ~i~ ~k_ !f. ~ --;1fj
'
~+!-Fl
,--=...,,

ll 1.rf 1tl ~ t~ f=7 1'f=1 /.tl (<iJ

.!I.e. -if 1
-e: ~/, s. 1.rf 1tl ,ti,r ,tf( ll 1.rf 1 tl jz_ !J!..
foJ 1.i ~ !=, :t: foJ 1.i t-#71.. ~ foJ 1.i 1cif ~ ,tt fo11.i *-*~*-
it 1-rf J::. it~J::. 4t1~ifl~ itJ~ oo ~ 1-rf *r
*- FJrl a{i M-:ktl *-. ,fff a'-] .i~ -}j . , -fJfl a'-]• .:s!-
:k ,y.. ~
*- oo a{] tx. --f
J ~ ;t,t,tt J~*-* J ~%-El J ~ i!.izl a{] J~ "7i"
-tA
J .... , ~:fPf 1~ ~1-1t -tA~
, .. , 11~
;f: ;t~~A.K.

(3) ~ i.R] fl~ Choose from the following words to fill in the blanks
Chon tu thich hop dien vao cho trong

( 1) ±!Ji~ ~, 1tA.rf4t $.t91 o

( 2) £ $}] )(.~ 1f1-i-/~ ~ 11e. 0

(3) :ktxt m Ga{] ~!R 1i ,(; o

(4) }}~ ~ ,t--i.l -tl!:- ~ ~ ~ a'-1 A.~ +~ a{i J,t-Ji o

-<l: J..h
( 5 ) -i'X.. t.l 'J
+a U .;~
~;7.. -'-'f=' •JJ. -J:;;- ~
1-if ;,¥. 7
i.:s~JFJ ,~. JiL J o

(6) ~-iJL~it ~ ~, 'f ~ i£ ~J::., ~ ){~-,t-~~ 'f ~ ~o

( 1) ~.t ~ -i- ~ ~ m aJ.i A. , 1t ~ 4'-3;µ i! }]~ ~ - ,t- *- oo a{] ;~ -jJ- o
(8) ~ 1f1 a'-J A f*.. :fPf , ~ !f_ ~ -tl!:- ~~ ~ A f*.. s. -Jif ~g) ~
*
0

(9) MU -i- at ~ ~ 4'- ~ .f1J ~ ~ , 4'- !rJ ~ o 1.9 ~ , -Jto 1:t i-g- i im. 1 ,
~~-~*f-Mfi.._, ~~~~~!R1o
oo) t ~a'-1 $-11 *El~ 1n a'-1 ±-i~ 11--tf, ~~ -,t-± ~ a{]
11 a o

· 35 ·
 ~ p)t 1:iJ T Complete the sentences Hoan thanh cau

CI ) '*" *- iJL ve , ~JIJ *- 'f I!1 at , -tl!At i1J Af!, ~ o

(2) ~ ~ J-J~ -f J1J a.t ----- , 1£~ i.i ~ $.1* ~ 1*- o Ct JL)
(3) ;t~k.*- _____ ve' ~~1t;ti{f.~_£ 0 ( #] + r)
(4) ,J, Y<.. " Y<.. ___r, ~~, 1J1t~'t't-!-.t\~?
,,fb 'El~ 'El
C#J +J:_)
(5) ~~ ~4'-lf- ,.1l,~.J-
_____ ...,f{j ,1, ~ 6:.=r 7
J O (#J +J:_)
(6) 1t~~il, ~'%-%-&MPJfJIJ~/i'-iAf ,t)t O ( i ~)
( 7) ftt1f1 /i'--r ~1tz ~ ' :!.: 3t O ( tt)
( 8) ~ 1f1 -Pt~ 1-lt- ~ve ' 0 ( ~-it)

~ p)t ~~ Complete the following dialogues Hoan thanh bai hoi thoai

(1) A: 1-lt~ >JI~~ -H-?

B: _________ o ( tt)

( 2 ) A : JJ~ )t /i'-1t ~ :t-f {J).J J~ ~ ?

B: _________ o

( 3) A: .A a'-J ~ R~ ~ ~p il 7'11t ~ , lfl_i!t ,& ftAJL o

B: _________ o

B: _________ o

cs) A: 1t J~{f. xt~-2. a'-J ± ~ >J ,~ r tl~?

B:-f>l*T,~ o (#J +J:_)
---------
c 6) A: ~ /i'- ~ 1; ,~ ~ :t-f? 1t ~ r tl~?
B: ;tT, ~F't*fo 1tliA. ------
o C#J+r)

· 36 ·
 ii 1:iJ .1£~ Link the following sentences into paragraphs
Lien ket cau thanh doan van

(I) A. il.1t ~ ftJ Ilk #Jr~ x_;tf" ,~, JL,fe ,~

B. ~ 1n ~.itt:.~ >'r-i,J ~t ~tt~~ i,J1tz i 1tzi m 1t 4-
c.~~i~mff4-~A4-, ~4-~ff~t~~*~~, **

(2) A. i1ii Jl }]~ .itt:.1t J, o/ ;!; -

I ,tf i~ 1if Jg ~ i:tl fil. .$-
B. 1.a ~~it~ Jl, J)ll?&.~J ~ ~ i£~Jl~.itt:. m 1t .$-
C. ~~~T~~*~~+~~~~tB-4-;tf"*l
D. ~~~~k~~mff.$-~~~~1-~

~ffi1:i] Correct the sentences Sua cau sai

· 37 ·
 ·jw~*~ Language and context Bieu dat tinh hinh thuc te
A. r00Bt1tJ-=fiiktE1t~tw:IFF iJlB~?
( l) *.1111~ ~;fPf o

(2) A- Jc_~ ~ :Jts +-+ 11~ !

(3) *.A-~~1~o
B • --rI' ltrt
~
rift ,~.:E __§!_ r+r '* IJ=£ /,A lJG.
J:l'J IF'J ,,-?-.}Jll }~,~'
\~ ?

(1) ;fP 1{t/ ~1±- - ~ JJf # SJ J +-+ i

, ~ f if~ ~J: 1{t/ jt{t o ( ~ _t )

(2) 1R~~k-~1~~ I 1..1t1 #t~, ,!- :2. iJL? C rPJit)

~~fl~ Fill in the blanks Chon tu thich hop dien vao cho trong

rxJtl rxJ1J r;li 1 at JL-=f , »t.1-'ff-1R ~ * it at, - 0 f4-ffit ~1J *, *- ~ , .t~ 1XJ1J ;t
if.Jc_~~ fr!i kl:., ~ ~P1t z. at 11~~(2) ,W.-£:; o 1R 'f*-/fJG-Jf--k~ -t-f-
1$J ,~tr , *. {P ~
A.-T-t- JL 1.i r1;1 ~.tr , l-Ait ,lf:- .:1t J£121, 1.i w
~

k., -t!!.r~~f ilt- ~·,J, at, *.111 x_~k 1* m~ o ® ~ T ~k,

*.J~@ J L -t- , ~ :1-P ,!- z. 11' * o iE1I:- it at , - xt-+ ~A.Jr ~
-@ m ~ foJ *.111 itiiLYl *-, ~ 11J *.111 a{] -t+-t-, fff1 A.- x,
lbl:.® ~ili~*.111, ix.: ''1t-=f-,J,, ,#Tm%-~w/a{J/'
Mg,~ ~~~X~~~m~iz11o
l$J t a{] M_ JJj 1~ *. if !JI~~ it rJfJ ~ ~ ~p -H. ;g a{] lf- ~£ A. , R ~pm. 1{t 11111-
~ri ,'j', 1..1t, 1.8 Jc_~ 7'1 ~ at~k~ ~ T -u_;g ;fP ;~J.tl:, ® iti~ m
~J:t1I:-if.it11-*.1n ~x o

· 38 ·.
 BAI4 LY TUONG

II iJ}C Kewen Text - Bai doc · ·· · ··· ··· ··· ··· · ·· · ·· ··· ·· · ··· ·· · ··· ···

(-) !I ~

'f*lf-_&.JJ~-f, ~~1t~k*, ~*1t~-t_&., ~fl G~~5t

M_ 0 - iK_ ~ :tP }]}] s. ~ 1- '1'- ~ f} , ~ '1'- ~ f} yt_ -ft~ 'f 11=1 j:_ 1t a'-) , 1~ ;1f
~~a~~~~~, *~'fk,~*~~~~~#?MM~il1~~
;ffil ,-..J.
·~· IA '
J- ./.."--4.!Jc, ...\-:
I '7) /.In. J1X... '
r,,t. ""
;(~ 1-JL ' ~
L "?, .:-1- -~
-J~ ~ J 3
.£:i:i
iin1
'.R. /.fl,
t'-f 1 ~
s.z.
XJ O
·,_1; • • -1:-'" -<l: ...tl- L.
8.JL ~ 1-f ' .::J'X. /l'j -1-
1 A...1- ,±
-
J

'fk,¥.o
* .-: . -fk ~J1 l-1R , ~
* 'f ~t ~
~ - ;k_ f 1J }IJ , ,#..

i%i*-**~1~/i'-£
* ~ s: 'f
$}]' 1/~ 16' flj 11=1

- Jtr. *" ;g a'-J ffit ~ rR Jt<. 1-r 1

- Ii'- Jl o ~ at ;t :1-J:1 il , m
G xt 'f 11=1 a'-J 1~ *-. ;· 1a

· 39
:bRit tf i&.ftJ 1 -fll i m i'fi o 1.a Jl, it ,ki&.ftJ fiJ i,fi at, 1t~4t1.;f .ftJ ]1J A. a'-J ~
JI/J o - ,k , ~ »: 4- -i- rtJ :Y: o $. xt rtJ :Y: - , ~t J L ~ ;f: 1 Jij- , k. 4- .f 1J rtJ ,i. a'-J
~M~Jl~~'
., ~ k -;» .• i. ~
~~*"~*~' m ~ -J::- ,; L ., ~
~~~-i-~~~k.4-#,$.~;f:~
i[_o .::tX...~ ~J"{!!; n:J , 1~
...3::..-:ft-/FJ '"" J ~ ,~ o
~ 1f. ~ xt diJ a'-J - + ~ii ~tl ,
r $. a'-J ,~ :f , :rJG m i% 1'ol $. Jl
-Jt=J-1t ;t tB *
;f:Jl WI~ 1-, ~ ~;f: ~ ~~~JI/Jo ~a'-1 *-i-g-ix.A.rfill-Jif o $.:rJGxt~iJL 1
m G i&.flJ a'-] m i'(i :ltt iJL: " ] J ,fe
O $. ~ Jl 1±- r*1 $ 'F 4- ' "F 4- YA 16 '
1 I~ '

1ty)G 1&. $. *- µe_ 0 "

:rJG i!A-t , $.1f1 -Jr -kfi 1 x. ii o ~ Jl r*1 $ - fofr k ~ ~ ~ 1- o ~ iJL :

"Jh
-x 'El lb la~
)<__'j,J, ;,·& ,'1& ,
~
.::rx... -;:;r
0J ::-, ~ lb r-J .:1:-.~.J..h
VA'¥ ,,,J, .;j:-1 1=t-J :r. t:J'J -
.u- Jx
~
hi1 5?-
.... ,y.. W ..l,- kk
0. -z: ~ ~ o
" ~ "'
.::rx... 1JL: ",,
~

tf t it-Jt=J-, ;f: ii, ~ ;f: 4t *-~i»i 1.i r ?" ~iJL: "J~1f. iE s. 1rrJJJ, *
$. ;tf" ~ J L , ~ 1f1 of vA 3- 7ffl ~ SJ , $. ~ 1,t !! ll i% , 1,7' ~ ~ $. !! !!

y)G ~ ,tf ' ~ x. 1;,; - + tf f1=1 JJJ] }L O

1i~-:Y:~1~~, ~~~Y,~~~A1$.~~~, ~$.-i-1~

:t: ill i ;tf" ~ a'-] J~ -}j" ' ~ ~ $. ~ 1-i- .I; ,1} a'-] *- 4- # 0 ~ ]1 J ~ at 1,i ' ~
~,~~~~*o~~,~~4t~*~o$.-~~~~ig-~-Jif, ~~
m Gt ~ita'-JJ:f~~o

Jfilli' $. ~ 4t 1 - _l. tf x. ~' 1ll-Jif 11Jr' ~ill~ :t: x.. 0 y ill~ - GJ

~i~' iJ:.~ ~~ 11lli 1lli O ~ GJ ~i~Jl: ;f: f{:_}Jj )A.~ ,'t ~ Jl?FJ~.I.' ~~
;tf" A. ~t f.ii f.ii 1t_ 1t_ A 5JJ o
~*tr1=1~~~~r,~~a'-JWl~±~il$.~~r~~~~;tf"*
ii~~#*-o~-&at~$.~~-+A.~~~~,~at~*~*~
~*101±-~tf,$.~JLT~~' ~JL1~~a'-JffeA.o1f.~tf$.~~
-EJ:-i>i.: "1t 1f1 a'-] 1~ -k JL tt 1 , ~ JJlt 1 , xt ~ SJ " xt m G ~ ~ -i- 1

·40 ·
 1;;
'lo I~
o "

x_ -J:t *-1i v~ $. @1 l!1 ' 1.e Jl'

~ ;ffil ~ -r At.
-=t')(. ,~~ .=f')(. -r- J=l~ o
.-h.. rb
71\. T 1==1 U:1
rf' ~7} r-b
'-r , r-b
'-r tl
"J

ix. ig-, ~Jl$. m G ~.tt f1t.i ilffto

A.1. fJt.i i[_ ff$- _L 1=] ;t_ ~ i}! J1J ~ #~
{-f fJt.i al ifi , ~ s: - if! J1J ~ ifi ;y)G if!_
tm , ,t. ~ Pf ~t Jfx-1-¥- A --rJJ ~? $. ;)t
;t.~#r -!-o ~Yip~'$ii!%h$.i>l:
~#tJGJlJtt;f1J o

$. at.i ~ 1$ Jl ~ - ~ ix. ig- ~ Yip , ~ ~ -kt ix. ig- ,t. ~ ~t ~ ix. i-fr ~ Yip ~?
~~11J ~JL, tJG 'Yt1-¥- m G 1i Pf~, ~ + i"-P r , ~ t~ ~ ll ,J, 1t-r-
1' ~ - it! J1J al ifi ;y)G x. ~? 7'} 1t ~ ~ ~t ~ 11 - Jt~ ~?
7'} 1t
$.,~it~ r ~.l- ~k.: ~ t~!fi ~ m ,t- ~ JL-;:?;~1-, ~~~ A.~t ~fi!
p~~

~~A--rJJoJlff,~A--rJJ,~~~#~**fJt.i~ho

[E]~ilx fa]~ Answer the questions according to the text

Tra lei cau hoi theo noi dung bai hoc

( 1) "ft" jgft-z.~~J3 i:r::t? 1/F~?

(2) "ft" ~~JJOfEi:p 00~1t-z.Bt1l? *f~{t-z.?
( 3) "ft" tE7*:iiii:f=1~¥U T 1t,z. B9xi? ~itM WJTJW!?
( 4) "ft" jg{t-z.~~*i:p 00? "ft" a"JJ]!f~~1t-z.? 1/F~?
(5) "ft" ~~T ~3t{t,z.~? 1fFPJr:i:13!3t~ll!b?
c 6 > "ft" *i=f=1 OO~kstraJ T? ftjg1t-z.1ft1ft ~~ Jdtuftu±m~? 1/F~:etll!b? jg
1t-z.?
(7) "ft" 1J1t,z.~1!£:ttr-*? 1J1t,z.Jlt1i § B1lVlJ~?

· 41 ·
II 1:inJ Shenqct New Words - Tu moi
; ITxiang (li tuong) inwginalion or ly tuong
for the

2. -t~ zhuanye chuyen nghiep,

chuyen nganh
3. ~ flt } dcnqsh! (duong thoi) at that time; !h1:n duong thoi, hie do
4. ~...\-:
v. . nx; zonchenq (tan thanh) to ai ijJrovr· tu dong y, tan thanh
lo agree

hoizi (hai tu) tre con

Zhonqwenxl khoa tieng

(Trung van he) language anrl Trung Quoc
XI (h~) department khoa,h~
7. ~ ,,t ( H~) zhurnmq (tnr danh) Iamous , wr-ll-kuown noi tieng
8. it<..it ( ? r)
7 lutu .(ludo) 011 a Journey; chuyen du Itch
during a trip
dltu (dia do) rnap ban do
dulmicn (doi dien) nppn:-'i!.e; truce mat, doi dien
in

*
haoxitmg (hao tuong) as if; look like hinh nhu, giong nhu
12. '~ r -r'r) xinshl (tam su) slh. weighting on (chuyen) tam su
ones miud ; vvorry
13. *ii jiootcn (giao dam) to come m contact noi chuyen
and talk; to chat
14. f}f su6 (so) ( i:l classifier for cai, ngoi, ( nha,
house . school . truong ... )
hospital, etc. )
15. ~~j_a jicnzh' (gian true) simply; at a 11 qua thuc la, den muc ...
16. :0'-]1] ( ±JJ) tenbie (phan biet) to part ; to leave; chia tay, phan biet
lo say gor)dbye
to each other
17. ~ zhT (chi) ( i:l classifier for ~ongs bai, khuc (hat)

18.
~
,'&
~,
.A. y1y1 (y nghia) value ; eHPcl; y nghia
rnean1ng
19. ffit m fengyu (phong'vti) wind and nun; mua gio
hartlship ; difficult'
20. -;t:J ir. J caih6ng (thai hong) rainbow cau vong

· 42 ·
 ..\-: 5.h
21. nx; ':JJ Chenggong (thanh Cong) t(J SW'\'\'i't "',ll('t thanh c6ng

22. N~ c6ng (tong) tu

suon tion (toan diem cay dang ngot bui

khd lat)
kO la

24. Jf. duan doan.rndu

25. ~ rnenq (mong) giac mo

26. ~Yi menqjicn (mong kien) (; mo thay
27. ffeA qinren (than nhan) nguoi than

28. ±JL nu'er (nu nhi) con gai

29. :k__mt shiboi (that bai) 'I
I, thua, that bai
30. :k_-!- shiqu (that khu) mat
,Hl', nl• )!'(' If i rrn ..,~

31. 1i ,(: !
\ ·!
/_/
j xinxin (tin tam) t'OUfid1'H1'{'; lniUi: tin tuong, tin vao,
niern tin
\\ \ »r z''\JHTi>dlOtl I;,
I.('

32. i!.ft xuanze (tuyen trach) !r1 tn chon, tuyen lua

33. ii.it dcolu (dao 19) ,: \\ J \ con duong, duong di
34. A!£ \ :(~ ) renshenq (nhan sinh) m.ru j'.\,!,.,!f'!H'(' cu9cs6ng,d<1ingu<1i

35. i!Jm tulsuo (thoai suc) lo co lai, rum lai

lo
36. Jix-1l qude (thu dac) tu Ill gianh duoc
37. itlih g011 (col~) tu co vu, dong vien
in crnJ111n.1gc

38. ,J, :fi-t xioohoizi (tieu hai tu) ild tre con
39. ~~' mengxiang (mong In mo mong, uoc mo
tuong)
40. ~x kexico (kha tieu) buon cuoi, tuc cuoi

41. ~51 \ jianqiang (kien cuong) st ning; irm vfing vang, kien cuong
42. 1t tB fuchu (pho xuat) to lkl) \,() tra (gia), bo ra
(c6n~uc)
43. iR~ jianku (gian kho) gian 6, vat va

·43·
~~ Zhuonmtnq Proper Name Dia danh
rtJ ,'?, NanjTng (Nam Kinh) ijing, capital of Jiangsu NamKinh

II inJi§JIH! CfyO yongfa Usage - Ngu phap .

~/ 59: · · · · · · M9t ti + cung + khong ...

"-},~UL" *7]\~_m 1iY, ffltE "~, i!i" 1V15tl*7J\%~~5Eo ~}~J,ffl ~

T " B"J ufo ' ufo ~" ,B) L" fO " ~ ' 1Ji"
0 " - z
fa] ey ~ ffi A " -tfL ' ,~" ~ 0

"-,gJL" expresses the limitedness in amount or degree and used before "~" ,
" 19:" to indicate negation. The meaning is the same as " 8"] ufo " , " ufo ~" . " i:11." ,
"f~" may be added between "-,gJL" and "~" , "f)t" .
" - ,BJ L" chi so luong rat it, thuong d~t truce " ~ , iJt" <lien dat y phu dinh hoan
toan. Nghia gan giong nhu "ft9,ufo, 1ifo~". Gifia "-,gJL" va "~" i)t" c6 the them
"J..h #17" \
us , 1=1p vao.

(1) ~-i-fr-JJ~-JiJlm-:Y:, ~_xtrtJ-:Y:-,~ . . JL~~ 1~a

(2) 1ti>Lfr-J it 14-*~ - .~. JL~~~m.o
(3 ) ~ it 1i- ~ r*J ~ ii ix. i!- , tif s: *-
~tl at , ~ - , ~. J L ~ t1!f- ~ 'ti tf=1 ~
,A. i>L fl-] 1,"f;
0

Nhung, c6 dieu la

Used at the beginning of the latter part of a compound sentence, "~:ii" indicates a
shift in meaning. It is less emphatic than "{B~" and is often used in spoken Chinese.
"~:ii" dien dat y chuyen ngoat, nghia nhe hon "{B ~ ". Thuong duoc d~t d dau
phan cau sau thuong dung trong van n6i.
(1) ~i>L, it{-f ~ it*f, ~ii, ~~~*-~:i9i1t 1 0

(2) &faJ~:k., ~ii-~A..~ii.1 0

(3) ftt*f1t~p~,fJ_-~JJl~ >J ii, ~ii~~ 11-ttv~ f+ ~ ,£ ~o

( 4) it -if fl-] 1.i~ J;ttt j ' ~ii~~ _x'fl O

Qua that, tuong nhu la

·44 ·
 "fm1[" is used before a verb as an adverbial suggesting of an exaggeration in tone.
"Ml[" duce d~t truck dong tu de lam trang ngu. Nhan manh y la hoan toan nhu
the hoac gan nhu the (co y khoa truong, ph6ng dai).
(1) ~--=-*-£, ~~1AA 1-1~)1-!J~,#-, ,;jta.-i-1m$~~{r-JJ~~o
(2) ~iJL{r-J Jl 1t ~? $. ~l A-·*' JL~ iif ~ ti o
(3) ~ ix. i% i>l1l ~l A Jtl tf rJJ A_ - tf , -"- il:. A_ ffi._ $. o
( 4) ~ * at i£ J' 'I 1t ~ -:f ~ ~ 'ti ' ~l A s: ~ J' 1!~ I 0

Hy; it goes without saying Duong nhien

*~
iiHAJ " 3 rt"
:iIAJ~iJiffl~@J~foJl~L
~ }E ' ~ &Hf J;t J:fHE zJh iAJ *1 ' -tlL pJ ~ m 1± E it *1
O pJ ~
"3rt······, ~:i1······" *~~1Jr, R& "£rt······{EI~
0

· · · · · ·" ~5CflH!r, {El i!E( t~$xf_lf0 o

The adverb " 3 rt" indicates affirmativeness and undoubted. It may be used be-
fore a verb or a subject. It can be used alone or in reply to a question. "3f't·· ·· · ·, ~
:i1 · · · · · ·" indicates a shift ; the meaning is close to that of " £ ~ · · · · · · {El ~ · · · · · · " ,
but the tone is relatively mild.
Dung ph6 tu " 3 rt" de bieu dat y khang dinh, khong nen nghi ngo. C6 the d~t
truce dong tu hoac chu ngu, ding co the dung doc lap tra loi cau hoi.
Dung" 3rt······, ~:i1······" de bieu thi chuyen y ngoat, nghia gan giong nhu
'' £ ~ · · · · · · {El~··· · · · " nhung co ve nhe nhang hon.
CI) ~i>l, it:t-t*it*r, ~:ii, ~~~:k.J#.i~Ht1?
(2) ~E'..~J:.k1**it*f, 1.8Jl~~J:.~~~:k.i{iii_
'*
0

(3) ~ ~{r-JJl tf ~ i' *

it~~~iJL~.-i- tf rJJ ~ 0

( 4) A: 1t~MJ.-i-ii~tJtAtPEJ?
B •. 3-~ p,,
9k 0

. till the present; always; all long; at all times Tu ...

".M." means "it has been like this". Mostly used in negative sentence.
".M." nghia nhu " .M.* ". Dien ta y tu truce den nay van vay. Thuong dung trong cau
phu dinh.
(1) + Jr- fr-) ~ 1* 1.. ~ il:. a ~ f1J 1vA 1}ff l-A ~~ ~ :ii a-!] i1oc -Mr* !At o

(2) $.M... ( *-) ~~~o

(3) a YA wi »: ~~ *-:ii t ™ , ~Jl §r; - ,k O

+. + dong tu+.Dong tu

"Z)}J~+·"·~~ffl,*~-~Z)}J~~fr*fi~,~-~Z)}J~~·~~o

· 45 ·
 The structure of " V + ~ + V + ~" is used to indicate that an act occurs while

the other is in progress.

Dung" igji,Pj + ~" lay lai de <lien dat y khi mot dong tac dang tien hanh, lai co mot
dong tac khac cung <lien ra dong thoi.
(1) ~ -.f~atfl:l]~ 1t1t-~A1ii)-1i1J~x_, ~atx_~x_~itk~~ 1 o

( 2) ~ i;L ~ i;L ~ 19(_ t.:& x 1~ *- 0

(3 ) BJt J:. ~ 1-¥- dz. a.t , -f J:. ~ 1-¥- -f , J:. i*- a~ at 1i:~ , 't 't 11;,-
~
11;,-
~ itk
1!11 0

II ~>J l.icnxl .
E xerc1ses - B'"
a1 tap · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·
A

•.n. .:c:. Phonetics Exercises Ngfi am

li:i J:=I

(1) tJhttJhJJ Pronunciations and tones Phan biet am, thanh dieu

-t 3f. zhuanye 4t~ zhuon ye

;f~ zhumfng ttl~ chOmfng

":f
I\.,> xlnshl itJrit xTnshT
~ '"""
frk dang ran fe P.:& tcnron

;1A jionzhl :lll~ jionzh!

A:£. renshenq A}j- renshen

~~t keneng ,f~ .t,e,

/:lb heneng
M.-'i!J gun :fJD...iL g011

( 2) eJHl Read out the following poems D9c thanh tieng

~ !tJ )f] at j, ·rR. ~)/ , Shu dco yang shf fang hen shoo,
:f iJ:. f£..ii ~ ~ ~'fi. o Sh, fei jTngguo bu zhT nan.

~!tJ *J~iJ:.*fix.. 0 Bu doo Chcnqchenq fei hcohon.

~y ~± ~ ~ jJ, Shao zhucnq bu nun,

~ :kAk 1Ji ~ o Lao do tu shone bei.

WI i! Read out the following phrases D9c tu ngfi

·46·
;f ,£ a'-J ffit ~ IR a'-J *- '*
*~JLT~a'-J~
,£
;f ~ a'-Jft':if ~ *,£ a'-J~Ai
1t1 r -!i'-~ ~~,~~Ht i>L1t ~~,A J-
i!ttJJJL~ i!tt-t 3f. i& tt A.1.. i!1$- i! tt J_f. ~' 1.11=

m iR.! ijt ~ Choose from the following words to fill in the blanks
Chon tu thich hop dien vao cha trong

CI ) J:. k ':if , ':if ix.* , ~ ~ it , - ns. ~ a'-J o

c 2) -:klli-:klli :f. *- ~Alt §J WI ':if o

C 3 ) :t- Yip ii:.~ -i>L tB Ji. /i'- a'-] o/ §J A. , 1.e )t ,
~ -i;L ttl *- O

( 4) ~;t1ttlTk.ili:.M-1t~ 1t ~ 0

cs) ~ 7'] s: * JJ}] ~, 1~if!f1J r ro ~11~ ---

~~ Jl/J 1~ 0

(6) ~ 14- 5J~ ii&,. JJ)l {f--f :f. *- M- ~ , ~ :l- q]t Bk ;fP o
(7) ~ :f.;-tm1i 1~~t -t- tB ~#~ o

cs) ~ s: ,fl. i=JL Jh at* JJ}] s. iii t~ ~ a'-J o

c9 ) xt ~ Al -i>L , ':if SJ ix.* a'-J if~ Jt i! tt r - 4k- A.1.. a'-J it 1$- o
~*-~~m~ig-1.~, ~)t~,~mG~o/§J*i1l--~o
(1o) ~ -f lf- Al , ~ ~ ~ 1A. _i_ a'-] o 1.8 )t , ~ ~ 1-Yf m G ~,fl.
. .
**-0
o1 ) A.1i1 't-i>L , Jt A :r/J z -HJ: , rfr y~ , ~~,A :r/J :rJG :f. ~ 'ff1 ~
mt' *-.ml r -ft Alo
( 12 ) ~ 1tl-% ~k. ~ ~ iJk , :f. --- ffit f:f:J ,t.1it JL-fj !kr. ,
1t.. 1t.. A :r/J o -i>L 1-Yf .$ M- !
( 13) if!fiJ Ii] ~fiat, :f.~*-.-!- __ , ~ii)i/J m G, ~#r -ko ~
~t y)G s: }Ji ;t-,J O

· 47 ·
 ~fi.x:1:ij=f Complete the following sentences Hoan thanh cau

0
(-,~,JL··· + -t~.j~ )

(2) *- tf 00 y~ iir' ~---------------

0

( 3 ) ~,, 1·T ,Rn~ _9l X:. _9l 1, Ji

4- , ,m ~a~
~--------~----------~ "' )
L, o
( ~
t)
1.:L
(4) it-i*-a'-li*-k!ai!~J,JLf:_, --------
o (~ii)
(5) it ti &t &t 1-f" lz. -:kt 1 , @, J:. a'-]~ -------- O c ra1 .R)
(6) 1t F1' ___________o
11 ( ra1 A)
(7) ~5lJ5li!l, -------
( ~~~~/P)T~PJ,-~) 0

(8) 1t ~t~ !1/J~ --------- , ~ii~~Jt_~, m GJe:i

't-t Ao ( 3~ '"''frk)

~.SX:~i! Complete the following dialogues Hoan thanh bai hoi thoai

(I) A: '/'..X.. to'.E.. ~a :xft r-lb

'..=f' a'-] '.E.. '*, ~ i~ i-g-a'-J m *
' ~" Jz.. 1o
g 0

B: ~ frk 1H, Q 0 ( ~ii)

(2) A: ~~*-~~-;}, 1,t-i-~-i-?
B: 0 ( 3:!.~ '"''
frk)

(3) A: it ;ff ffgi ~ a'-] 1t % ~x_ PJii ?

B:
(4) A: atka.tJ:.~1ti 1-+~o
B: ------------- ?

(5) A: P~ ~ i~ ve:., o
B: -iM--iM- ! ~ii, ~ ----------
o (J-A+~)

(6) A: Mtl i" r .ft-2. i5t1t ~?

B: -ltti>l1f lz. ,t)t, ~ ___________ o ( ~l .R)

·48·
ii1:iJPX:~ Link the sentences into paragraphs Lien ket cau thanh doan van

(1 ) A. ~ at$)£ -*. 11tl j *I- JJJJ s.

B.~t00*7-~j7,~i~~~~A~±~t~~~
C. 1-lt1f1 xt $. ~~ 't * ,~
D. il:$. at at ~f1J1t~ ~-{-f~ ~lifli

( 2 ) A. -1-- A.± ,'f; ~ :k. :f~ if- , ~~ ~ iR -k , -j.ri *- ili 1l'ol ~ , ~ ~~ ~

A.*-~ Jl/J ;frJ ~ -mt 1t
e. ~*~~x~~r~, *~~~~~~~~~m~gR
C.~~~A.~~~gR~-#~*~~A
D. ~ JI:t, $. iA~ gi GEL ii fi1.t
E• -r ~:!:- J.~. o
/I' ,,a ;{"ff/,
8 FL .. J;:fp
1°J /l7 /1 '1~~
e
/7.. 'I~
J;:fp
,
1
'I~,~
•/ ~ t, 1
.. 1-..L./~ .~.
Ji& ~ ~ 11 .. _.:1t -r
JL .;t:-IJ XX. /1 ~~/I'
le ..:i':f..
/.'& .~

Y1 -t1:1-

~~1:i] Correct the sentences Sua cau sai

·49 ·
 ·~~~its Language and context Bieu dat tinh hinh thuc te

A. r 35,J 1tJ -1-1t-z. ·tw & r i£?

(1) ~3i]i!JL, tf~ ~1f m G1tl Pf Jto
( 2) 1-lt ~ t£. :k._-!- 11f, I~ 0

(3) ~
, , a,t , ;'-<l=.]')(,. '' m
''-> 3:- *
-tt --}::;- Ji
/FJ '"' )
L ~-:» §
,~ o

B. r3J1J·~&ii{t-z.?
c 1 ) JJJJ ~ :k._-!- 1 i ,~a{] at 1,1 , ,t. ~ it lih 1-it?
c 2 ) ;;t 11J JJJJ s. x. a{] at 1,1 , 1.t ,t. ~ -ix.?

f2) ~.g-±j~ Fill in the blanks Chon tu thich hop dien vao cho tr6ng

1i- I!l >'r a{] :qi_ ro JL ;K_ , ~ 7'] o 1tt Y j£ *IJ T - Jt_r. 1\ , tt ~- J~ t: ~ +t
CD , %'-Pf~ a{] -k J L 14- ~L 4h '¥ (2) * -!- o iE # JJ~ k
~ 1n-!- ,~ ~+-tit- !t- ,4 JJt , ~ tf- -t .t~ 11J r ~- * a{] t TI£J O
JJ~ Yl_ - t-- , J, , J, a{] 4JJ ~ 4ii J L , ® ~ - ;; JJ-t JJ-t B{J 1e- N11 , il
-f -t ~ PJ"" ~ , ;;t ~ *-i&.
'¥ -ff- I!l J'AAt o f?JG it l1J 1 -ff- ® 1-it ~ , ~ it~* '¥
~ -ff I!l ~ 1J {J{J ~L4h o ~.tJt@ -f k, -T -f-* T -l:: i"-t-- o @1

f 1J ~ 1t , JJJ] ~ 1f1 JL ~ B{J 4Jl ~ 4ii , @ * -ix. *f , i£ Jo] ~ 1i- JJ~ J L

11

· 50 ·
~a'-], itt1f1~~,-k~-~~~-k~Ao
~.f1J~, ~-~~~~tJ~~i-L4h~tB*-~*JL~, fr%in:~i!.~~~
Jt it ir~l aJ.i 4t ?- , ~ IJ r ~i!. ~~ i-L 4h Jt i z. 4-* , it i1+1 aJ.i t: ~ £ x.. Jt i
z. a'-JM-, ± JL ~ ~® .ti-ii-!-, RJi.~~ ~, ~ -tf-r-~1tl$
~x. o .t. M ~ µ~ 1 - fo : " i!!i , 1t lk: *- ~ , i!. X 11 aJ.i Jt 1t z. ? " ~ ii -i-
1-f ~ - ~ ' J:_ 00 -fr I 5* ~ J~ 11 (J)
J' ~ : " Made in China" 0

µM" ! @ }t t ml !1] rt a'-J o ± JL ~~ 3t 1~ *-, .t~ :i ~ iJL:

" ~ aJ.i :t- ~ ti,t , 1t ~ .Jl-Jf,t aJJ µM" ! "

*~ ft~iffl Supplementary words Tubo sung

1. it lion (lien) chain xich, day xich

2. {e-~~ qT'e (xi nga) chim canh cut
3. -}f-001-tt~ yl gu6 (djquoc a dat khach que nguoi
ta xiang tha huong)
4. .t~t tico (khieu) to choose ch9n
5. 4t~ tech an (d~c san) special Ioc al d~csan

6. .i~ i,y-,tt jf bu (cap bat LO\) gap khong the cha them rnia
ke doi kha dai) lo wait

7. fHro ZIXI (tu te') careful can than, ti mi

· 51 ·
 ~ It
BAI 5
i* tm ~
SE NOi SAU
-¥1-iYL

II ilX Kewen Text - Bai doc .. · · · · · .. · · · · · · · · .. · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · .. · · · · · ·

~ M~ i,J ~t :t: at, t1Jr ii - ~ ;tm J , ,y, A a-!; o ~ ig- lk_ "µt
iJL ~t r
t1J!i" o $ *-~~J_t, Jt ~, ~t ,'[, A.JTk_~iJL a,ry- GJ 1'-6 s: "@J ~ ~iJL" o
~ ,f£ -t- i~ ~ J:. tf l!l ~ .Jtt
a,ry ~ iJL , 4~ a a,ry - ~ A rn J~
il a-!; ** 1oJ ~ : " lk_--!- ~t ~ .1.
11 t1J!i?" ":f. , --!- WI'* ! " ~ w
$-o 1~ lk_ ~ tf li:l Ao ~ 1f1 :iJG
i! {t- ,,t +k: J~ JWr r-
,1~ r it O

~iJL, 1~J£~r ~-nc~Jt,

~ -iJr ~ *" ~ JL J1J 1~ ~--!- J;t o

i,J ~t :t: ra a-!; i -==- ~ ffiJ ;t:. , ~ ~ ~ iJL J:. iA -iJt a-!; i! 1-i ;t 1- .:tr rt -if;- o 1~
1i- ~ 1'-f;- I /A ,tf J~ iJL : " *" at fal 3R ~ .:l. »t PE .." $. fb J:. ~ 7hl~ 3R , iJL :
"*-* r , ~f+ ~ at1,t--!-?" 1~1+ r -~ JL-iJL: "~ -J_t.1.11 *-,ti::, w
* 1t-i3L PE .." Pj"" lk_ , JL-t -BJ:- ,k .:tr rt 1'-6 , 1~ ~ -iJL ~ij£p_ ~ --!-1~ ~ , ~ at x..
* J:.-GJ "w *~iJL" O

~ -Jr it; AfL :f.lf_ iJL *" ~ J L :iJG ii:~ --!- t1J!i , ,t, ~ ~ ~ ,t+ :f. ~ ,f£? ,f£ :-

· 52 ·
;k_ "@1 *1ti3L" zjf;, ~j~-f-i- T ~ ~o 1-lt:ft:1 *-*-~-t 1}Jt ,tt, ~ *-
~K, *~T~~-~~~~il~~T+~o~T,~i£~~*J~o
~;fll;fll-;ffi" 11'4\, ~ E: 1i ~ Jk:4\ ~, y)G iJL: "1,t ~~it~ t-fr-1 ~ , ~ -
~ ~1-t 4\ 1-tt-t i.lJ~ iJL : " it ;tt ~ ~ Jt 1,t ]f) 1-1" :t ~ ' .f_ -t 1\ ' @1 * -1}
*,
0"

iJL pe_ .." zra ~ ~ ,k.~~~~ ~ 4\ fr-1 ~~iJL: " @1 * 1t1JL pe_ 0"

{±. ~t ,'7, fr-} EJ -f- .:f_ , ~ t.i 't t1)T f1J " @1 * -1} iJL" it 6J 1,'f; -iJ: ~ ~ 0 ~

~~~R)l~~~$~, ~~fr-J)l~~fr-J~#o
}J~:k_, ~{f.~~nJ:.TJ~i~o itJt~*-t~ra~-;k.*J~i~, YA
WJ° J-AAl~.t~ *ii 1f ~ fr-1 ~i~o -$-J:.AAtl ~ , 'F T J~i~, J:.f1J ~ oo at,
~ ;i- s: J~ JJ~ ~ Jt ~ ~ -i- fr-1 J~ -};" , ~ f.; ~.t ~ .t\ f 1J I~ ~ al.; 3 7 5 Ji-A. -$- .:1t a
iE{f. ~ s: ~ ;f:J $} fr-) at 111 , ~ jf; ~ ~ + J' 1:k. -f- _£ #) lftl~ .tr .t~ ~ , ~ ~.t ~
I

J.!1-t 1f1 a ii T - ~ J L , 1-lt 1f1 ;ffi" ~ i£ .:t,!; {£. JJ~ .:l. , y)G Jo] ~ ~ -i- l1JJ~ J L o ~ foJ
1-t~An .tr t7Jr -i- 3 7 s ii- 4- .:1t ,'t ~ k. 1-tt 1n iJL , 3 7 s ii- 4- .:1t {£. ~ jj_ n , rtT1 it
0

J LJti.. ~ n , ,, ~ jj_ n i£ ~ :t ~ o ~ 1-tt 1n :1-ii il ~ ~ @1 i!ifa ;t:t at , tJG iJL :

"J:. 4- pe_, ~ 1n iE * ~* JIJY :ft:1 ®J -};" foJ , of YA ~ 1~ - J~ a'' ~~Jc-rt r - 'F
i" J:. r 1-t 1n fr-1 4- o - it J:. ~ ~.t ~ iJL -i'fi , ~ f.J ~ ~ ~rJ ~ lftl ~ i): i.R a'-J A..tr
~ilo f1J r i!ij:;f:t n O ~ T r -$-' .t~ ttl 4\ *-~~1-lt1f1 al.; at11i, ~ + ,J, 1k
-f- 3t :liJL: " ~ 1f1 s: ~ )l ili ill-$- , R )l JI):~ it~~ 1~ , ,'t ~ ~t ~4\ ~?"
t7Jr r ~ 1n a'-J -i'fi , ~ ,~ £ - Jt , ,ti: foJ 1-tt 1n ~ 7F ~ -it , Jul 1-tt 1n v~ 1t ~ ~ ~ ,
1.i{f. l1JJ~ JL, of Jt 1-lt1f1 t:.d.i;re.-$- ~ #J~*-, ~t ~ .t~ .t~ 4-iJL: "~.t ,'(i JL vA Jf;
~ 1n J£~ JL oo ~ , @1 * 1t1JL pe_ 0" iJL :t tJG.t~ 4- ff- k. r ,t~ {±. JJ~ £ ~ :1-ii
O ~

iliJL1t ~ * £4'--~~~.t~ 1tJLiiit~+;t~,tt ~*a'-J ,J,1k-f- o

o

~ i£ ~ {£. ~t i: i!ifa SJ :ft:1 !t ,'-51tl )..._ , :ft:1 t ~A. .tr ~ il al.; El -f- i£ * :t
~, ""iif ~ti£~i&fJJ ~ ~ ~~ 1~~ *, um 1f1~ @J *1tiJLPe:,O

· 53 ·
l§l~il3t fa]~ Answer the questions according to the text
Tra lei cau hoi theo nci dung bai hoc
C 1) f'F~~~~ Vd9JtJ-~jtJJt)dB?
(2) ~~jtJitAB"JD~i-B-~1t~?
C 3) f'F~jg1t~ 1TT ~ ~~ ~T~~+f~11i?.*?
( 4) 11!?.*~f'F~ T 1t~*W?
( 5) f'F~~-~*±·W/r!k 13"1 Bt 1i, 1fil~f:E ~~) L~$?
C 6) ffi*11!?.~~¥U T~~a"J±m::tI?
( 7) f'F~ * $ 13"1 Bt1ljg 1t ~ i~i~ ~?
C 8 ) iJt iJt 1t f:E q:i 00 il!I ¥U B"J ·ltu ·l:1c E,X ~ ·!tu ,19c 13"1 ii!{$ o

II ~iuJ Shenqci New Words - TU rnoi ··· ··· ··· ··· ·· · ·· · ·· · ·· · ·· · ·· ·

huft6u (hoi dau) after a while; ti nua, sau nay

..e
a moment later
zoishuo (tai thuyet) to talk about sau se hay, se noi
later; not to
with sth. ti 11 some
ti 111e later
3. o-!k'~
, lo ( .{"s) koutouvu (khdu dau ngu) pet phrase cau cua mieng
4. Jt~ (IM) qfshf · '(ky thuc) actually; in faci thuc ra.ky thuc thi
5. l*Ait ( /;/
-·fl ) rntnhonq (dan hang) ci vi] aviation hang khong dan dung
6. 4~,& ( _g) linzuo (Ian toa) an adjacent scat cho ngoi hen canh
7. ~i!. (ff~) dldco (dia d<;10) pure ; real ; chinh cong
up to standard
8. @1$ ( igJ) hutdo (hdi dap) to answer ; to reply tra loi :

9. ,£ Jt {
\ -t) mtnqpicn (danh phien) name card danh thiep
10. JL-t (MU) jThO (co ho) all but; almost; hau nhu, gan nhu
close to
11. ~ at {
\
g) t6ngshf ( dong thoi) at the same Lime ; dong thoi
moreover:
12. ~,(j_ shfzai (thuc tai) ·-:,incere; that tha, that su
real Iv
13. *..*.. (·fl) toitoi (thai thai) vo, phu nhan, ha chu
14. zra ( ::?; ) zhlhou (chi hau) after that; sau, sau nay
afterwards
15. 1J{& r llnlico (lam lieu) cuoicung

· 54 ·
16. ;/=ll , ff'
I
\
.. ,, '
J _,/ /
i
co (tho) roughly to, so so, doi, cong kenh
17. 11'4\ ) jioqicn (gia tien) j)l'1Cf' gia ca
18. 1f ) tu (pho) to r1ay tra tien
19 . -ti~ pmqdon (binh darn) binh thuong, binh than
, /'•
20. .f. -t ( )! -. ) zhlvu (chi vu) df-- (go} den noi, con ve,
so .:1:-; to den muc
21. ~114 tuicl (thoi tu) tu choi, khuoc tu

, etc.)
22. i~B1_ wennucn (on noan) warm amap
23. ~1t dengdaj (d~ng dai) [O wait ; lo e:"ped cho doi
24. J~dr, ( 11r ) dlrnion (dia dien) ground mat dat, mat san
25. ;(,~Jt,,~~
-,
...
(
\
) shuxi (thuc tat) familiar quen thuoc, am hieu
26. 1$- ( !ri) 1u (lo".) route duong, con duong
27. A_J@L~~ zuo gu ( ta co hiiu to nhin truce ng6 sau
you pan phan) left; In look around

28. _i_ijJ zhudonq (chu dong) initialiv<:: ad chu dong

without
29. ~r ~~ "f do zhcohu (da chieu ho) to chao hoi
to sav hello
30. J_ll (
\
) (li) ( usu. used in the de toi, ng6 ngang y
negative) to pay attention
lo; lo make speak lo
31. ~it ft ( Jf; ) y6uyu (do du) hesitant luong lu, chan chu
32. ~r ~ii. do jicodoo (da giao dao) to come into lam ban
make) contact with;
to have dealings with
33. JIJ~~ shun lu (thuan 19) on the way tien, thuan duong
34. ~ijJ ( )
\
fadong (phat dong) to start; to khoi dong, bat dau
35. ~~+ zhco ShOU (chieu thu) In wave om:\; vaytay
·]!. I·t J L
36. /,;iL ( :i )
!-\)] rneizhunr (mot chuan who knows . chua biet chung
nhi) probahlj
37. JL 00 jion mien (kien dien) in meet ~ tn gap nhau
38. ·t~ ( ::}J) Ieng (lang) to he dumhfoundr«! ; ngay, ngan, sung sot
to

39. .f.4'- ( {i{lj) zhljin (chi kim) den/t&i nay

now; to

· 55 ·
4o. a -f- rlzi (nhat tu) life;livelihood; ngay, thoi gian, CUQC song
number of ddy~; date

~~ Zhucnmlnq Proper Names

1. o/ l!l Zh6nggu6 (TrungQu6c CAAC ( Civil A Hang Khong clan
R.-Ait Mfnhang dan hang) dung Trung Qu6c
2. ~Jin Xizhlmen (Tay True Mon) Xizhirnen, a !!HJ)
ht O TayTn;icMon
3. i..~n Fuxinqrnen (Phuc Hung Mon) ~ 'l
(~, in Phuc Hung Mon

II tl:ff Zhushl Notes ······················································ p

4
:~ ~ ~ Upon leaving, he gave me a lot of books.
Cuoi cung, anh ay con dua cho toi rat nhieu sach.

"T" itf'F: lico , is*o "rlfuT" 7&1J\~sJREJ"JBt1f*o

" T" is pronounced as " lioo" , meaning "the end". " llfu T" means "finally"
or " before something finally ends".
" T" dQC la" lice ". Ket thuc." lltii T "chi thoi diem ket thuc,

I mentioned several times to give him the payment for the books.
Nhieu lan toi da nhac viec tra tien sach cho anh ay.
" 1JE~
ta .::t:;J " )E1=t " 1:J<.j;IJ
'~ ~,rr"
'
" l-Jt:!:IJ
'i'!4 ~,rr" n{t ..:tt. EB
ll~ ,'&,,~, 0

" =!{~" means to mention.

" }£®" nghia la "nhac nho" "noi tot"
--tJl~~ 14-":f~iJG± ~o

• tf.JRq-i!l
As I was looking around , two lads came from behind and greeted me.
Dung hie toi dang nhin truce ng6 sau thl phia sau co hai thanh nien chu dong
chao toi
"ti:JfiJl:fiIDt" : ~ti::fi~)WJ 00~ 0

"ti:JfiJ!:fiIDt" : look around, glance right and left

"ti:Jl!Jl:fiIDt" la nhin quanh, nhin nguoc ng6 xuoi, nhin truce ng6 sau.

Iii inJiN"Jfli! Cfyu yongfa Usage - Ngfi phap · · · · · · · · · · · · ... · · · · ·

, (later) Roi sau hang hay

*/J\~~~~~,~~#,~m~~~~~~~~o~~7&1J\~~AEJ"J~
· 56 ·
 " -¥} iJl" is used to suggest that something be considered or handled until the time
or condition allows , or until the opportunity is right. Sometimes it implies an indirect
refusal to requests , e. g.
" -¥i- iJl" nghia la doi den khi co thoi gian, co dieu kien, co co h(>i se nghi tiep hoac
giai quyet. " -¥i- iJl" co khi dung de tu choi kheo mot yeu cau.
(I) Jt.~, ;fG-:Y:AJfi.~itff.J-tJ-i-&-Jt "@J*1t-·it" a

( 2) ~ 1i ~ vA ro 1f-iJL JJ~ o

C 3 ) A : 1,7' -1' s: i!L9~ -

~ { ix. i% k -iaJ -#!-} JJ~ ?
*
B : ~ 4'- k ~~ ~ 4\ , YA ro 1f-iJL JJ~ o
(4) A : ~ 1i1 a}] k-!- If}! /fP l&l JJ~ 0

B : a}] k ~ j£ ~ ;,J {f.J ~ , VA Pa-~~) L 1t--iJL JJ~ o

in fact Ki thuc, thuc ra

~iftMulo
" ~~" indicates that what is to be said is true. It functions to rectify , explain or
complement a stated fact or an assumption. It is used before a verb or subject, e. g.
"~~" thuong d~t truck dong tu hoac chu ngu <lien dat viec noi den la co thuc,
mang tinh cai chinh, giai thich, ho sung cho phan cau phia truck.
( 1) 1~{¥--i! 1'f;iJL1.rf 1tl-Jtf, k ~~YA/;; 1~Jt ;fG -:Y: A, Jt. ~ ~Jt J:_
,1*Aa
(2) ~~ff.J -t+-f ~ ~ -=--J- i P, Jt. ~~~m-t- i r o

<3) Jt. ~ -f _1:_ 1,7' -1' m "~ 1~ , ~ m G ~t M O

~.:;r, honest; really; indeed That nhu the

ifiJ;~ , ~ ~ 1Fl honest, unfeigned Thanh thuc, khong gia ddi.

(1) ~ -Jf- i~ ifL -1' Jt it~ ~ JL ;r)G il: ~ -!- p~? I~ ~ ~ ~ {-f -1'
~1£?
(2) 1tl ~ 1-- J' 1k -f ~~ ~ -it JL 6J ,
I 1±-
;r)G 'Yt 1-ff ~~]!_ ~ O

(3) 1o*-~~~ ~ ~1£1£ {f.i ~4~, 1;t:rJG1tl~it-1£ ttJ: t Jfx.JJ1_o

· 57 ·
 El'-Hifl, :l{.Ef{J indeed, really Dich thuc, that

( 4) ~te:3x. i.g-iJiA.rf Ji tf7 00 A. - ;tf n , ~ff- ;r-: $. ~ o

(5) ~ 14- ~ 1,7' -!- fol ~ m G µ~ , $. ~ ff_ ;r-: ~µ it o

(6) $. ~ ff- ;{-: ~t-Jlt- l1§:j 1 ' ~ ~ l1§:j 1;{-: ~Ji' 1 0

useful Can, can den

"l=Ft:11=1~"
m-,v,,gJ means ".In nee d of " or " useful" . I ts negative
. form Is
. "rn~~"
m/l",,gJ ,
whiIC h means " not . nee d of " , " nee d not " or "fim d It
m . not usefu l" , e. g.
"ffl1i~" nghia la can, co ich cho. Phu dinh dung" ffl~~" tuc chang can, khong
ich gi cho ... Thi du:
O ) 1~ -f- £. J~ it : " ~ Jtt:. -# ~ Jt 1t Jt1 1.rf :t a~ , .f. -J- 4\ , y"J. 16
-Jlt-i>i. µ~ O "

( 2) ~ f; ~ Ri3i $. ~ ~ Jt1 ;r-: :i 1 , -;tP ;}fl 1,t Jt11.rf :i a(;-i1zii!G~~1t µ~ o

<3) ~ £ :k.. -&L r

-J:;-1f /.~ ~,~ TiJ
,
1,b
m ;,-: :ta~ t ~ii!G r
"cl> Ja..Ja.. ·;4 r-A
*
-r ,1:J
~
µ~ o

J.. • • / -1- r-
( 4) /fJ ~ •J'• $IL, XJ XJ 1-JL , JTJ -r- ,:;t:.. ~ ~ A ~ o

~,
,, "';:c'.}~

~;, Jifar as to Con nhu, con ve

ffltE1iJ-=f-~5tlaJ3f~, 51 *~ ~ii~o "~ r" FoitIEJ{J;g iP]" Z9JiP]~8°Jt£

i!~o
" ~ T" is used at the beginning of a sentence or a clause to bring in another top-
ic. The verbs , nouns , etc. that follow " ~ T" are the new topics.
" ~ +" d~t a dau cau hoac dau phan cau de lai sang chu de khac. Danh tu, dong tu
dung sau " ~ +" la nhung chu de do.
O ) ~ -f- iJR.. J~ ix. : "~ Jtt:. -# ~ s: 1,t Jt1 1.rf :t a(; , .f. -J- 4\ , y"J. 16 -1t-

(2) $.~ il ~Jt ~ J l] *,

.f.-J- :t. ~ 1ti a(; , $.ii!G ;,-: ~µ it 1 o

(3) ~;; Jt $. a(; - , ~. J L ~ JL , .f. -J- 1t 1f1 ~-i-1: ;,-: ~-i-1: , f1~ $.ii!G ;,-:

· 58 ·
II~>) Lionxl Exercises - Bai t~p · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · )()

'.:ii.~
ls::i f=I Phonetics Exercises Ngfi am

(I) r#tHJhWJ Pronunciations and tones Phan biet am, thanh dieu

Jt.~ qfshf Jg :f qlsht

~Ai rnlnhonq i!_-AA, rnihonq

J~+ zhaosh6u ;f~~~ zhaosh6u

:l~il dldco :l~il dldco

~Jc.*'
;{:._,,~ shuxi {Atilt shuxl

~it3l y6uyu dl-t y6uyu

J~dq dlrnion if. drJ tlmion

Jr llJf dating :k..ff datTng

( 2) Mij Read out the following idioms DQC thanh tieng

A?} f.ii 1~ ru xiang suf su

~ ,,(f_ A.7-J shl zoi ren wei

~;f: WJ-t quon bu If sh6u

\ib;f:~O qO bu If k6u
;{&~t1_:Pj shu neng shenq qioo

1); ~t ;f" ~ili qfn neng bu zhu6

wli! Read out the following phrases Tu ngfi

~*JJJ]~ ~*$-A. J~+k~ik- 1:11J~*
i>iA-rf-t ~jR__ 1.. ,'-1, f ~jR__ -t~~:l~iJL ii1-¥-1i-t ~~
%._J~lol~ s: J~ 4% i~ Jj._J~~ 1t s: J~ #Jr :f 4h
*-~~-i~ *-~-tf.&. ,ft~tlL~ ~.t~,ft~
jtl 1~ ;fr ~ il -:kf ;fr ~il ;f: -:kt Jr ~ il 't ;fr ~il

· 59 ·
 iif ffiJ fl~ Choose from the following words to fill in the blanks
Chon tu thich hop dien vao cho trong

(1 ) A, J~j_t ~ at fa] 7 , ~ 1i1 aJJ k ve:, 0

( 2) 1,t ~ ,flt 1t t @l A. , ---

1-ttJL a ;t.A. o
c 3 ) ~ ix. i-g-iJtA.ff Jt- o

C 4) ~ ~!J -1' ~ iAeAJJ ~ik{f.1t ~ .!~ ~ 7 o

( 5 ) ~ ll)f-i,}L 1~~-!- f; ~-~ -Jr~ ' 1t ~ at 1,t-!- ~ y)G -1' ~ il 7 0

( 6) ~ ~ i~ "M- jJ 7 ' ~t -1' ~t-¥- ~ ' :yft>f tl~it iJL 7 0

( 8) ii 14- ~ 1,i -1' ~t-Pt ------ 7' s. ii ;)t ~ 7 0

(9) 1t Je:.1t al.] ~ J.u: % i)f ~ , ~ Bi~ ~JL ~ -!-1t 111 @l ~ J~

( 10) ~J~,1£-1' *-,

(11 ) # >] ix. i.g- ---- JL # >] i.g- i , Bi ~ 7 f4lr- 'f @l a'-] ;fl. ~ 'fl7
5(_ 1to

(12) #J ix. i-g-, VA J6 Jtl 'f @l A.--- :y)G ~ 1t. i J o

(1) ~-f:y)G -!- ~if*~ J;t4i 1t.1i, ·.P)f vAA,k~- ~~-!-.

~ if i4!_i4!_ o ( 11 }f13L .tr l1)f)
(2) ___ tlt-1'{£~,t-1~~ T: 1t~t-1'~t~~----r,
,flt .flj 11})~ ,t-J~ ~ -!- J o ( P)f 1,}L .tr l1)f)
(3) ~hA_,J,{f_~ti "* * k, ix. i.g-iJL1.ff1tl , -Jf--k~ at ~:Bi vA 7'J

· 60 ·
 (4) ~ ~A. iJL 1,"f; 1t ~ ~ l1Jf ~ a{] o
'
( ~.t,'!i-JL ~-;t_)
(5) A,~ a{] tlt J:_ ' 1-it ~/JT11.f r , ~111~~~1-tt r o

( ~.t ,lf- JL ~-;t_)

(6) ~,t:k:iLJ, 'r , s: r~~:k.r=m, ~~ ~~*- r o

( ~.t,'!i-JL ~-;t_)

~ foc 1iJ T Complete the following sentences Hoan thanh cau

( ~1f_)
(2) ----------
, ~ J.t I; i&. ~ ~ JJJL~ o ( ~1f-)
C3) ~%iJf~r+Jl~*-tf!l, ________ o ( £ T)
( 4) ~ l1)fiJLii~,$..-# , ------------0 (£-t)
( 5 ) ~ a{] 1t-*.. i£ ~.t if 1ti Jc.~ , tlt .L ~ ~~ ~ JJ ,
__________ o ( ~:tft)
(6) ~ ~ 16 - ;k_-:!- J:_ ifj:- i£ s: ~ if- Wl , YA 16 ----- o ( -11- ~ )
(7) ]ii ~~iJL~~, ~~~~~~~~~o ($~)
(8 ) J-A }]~ ,k.J&-1-lt J[diJ YA 16 , ----------
0 ( _f.~)

0 ~foc~i! Complete the following dialogues Hoan thanh bai h{>i thoai

(I) A: *~j.t-:!-~~ r, ~ + !l JJJ a llm 111 * ~ ~ , *l1Bi?

B: ~ + !l $}] El ~ ~ 1±- ~.t at fa] ' 0 ( TEJ!k)

(2) ~,&. +~~

A: ..-a ~ 41~ i1'~ a{]' 4\o
,J . . ~

B: ~i!_JLif 4\, 0 ( TEJ!k)

(3) A: 1-it * 1-f J-1~ >'r f!l A. o

· 61 ·
 B: 0 ($~)

(4) A: 1b,J, ~
JL1-if /.'£=} ~
I A. I\$~
~ -4-
'' 1?. / f'f-.?
B: ~ ~1-ff 0 ( ~{±.)

(5) A: ~,t:)ti\..,~ .. r, 1~:t- ~ ii.~ *-1:/t.?

B: 0 ( ~~AiJL)

(6) A: 1,tix.~+~+ ~ ~o/t.?

B: ~~ i -Jff aJ.i ~JL~l1-t, 0 ( ,5itft)

ii 1iJ f.oc~ Link the sentences into paragraphs Lien ket cau thanh doan van

( 1 ) A. Pf jjt ~ Ilsl 7'1 JJ~ £ N'-- *- ~.t ~+:ii >'r J1=l A_µ~
B. - k~J!l-~ t l1=l JJJJ ~ + r 1~aJ.i ~ ?J--~,J, ill ~t
C. P}fYA~-.f1J, 1&.iA.t)G~~-~;t
D. *.f1J 1$-.1-, ~ ~ l1]f .f1J 1t-f-1f1 µ~ : " >'r J1=l A., >'r J1=l A.! "
E. ~ ~~ ~~ Ilsl 7'1 ~ #J s: *..1it , * ij~Jlt *.. ]i , J!l1~ 1f1 * 1-ff ~ -
-H- , f]f YA 1~ 1f1 ~ .flJ ~ {i

( 2) A. ~ -tt~ .s Jli -t-im:, ~ jjL~ t ~,XJL , -Jto *-1t 1f1 ~ ;t ~ , iJG ,t:k:
;h_
~7,~
u: ~

B. 1~1f1- t1Jr;i~~l14-k X;;tf *-

C. t l1=l A. 1s JJt, >'r l1=l A. 10 JJt
D. ;tJJ~~iA.J!l-~, ~y)GJ,;{i7, xt1~1f1ix.
E. ;t .f1J 1~ 1f1 X 1-ff JJ~ ~ -Jf- ,~ , ~ ~ 1-ff ~ Jte. Jt -f- ~ f ~ Pf~

~ffi1i] Correct the sentences Sua cau sai

· 62 ·
8 ~~~~Language and context Bieu dat theo tinh huong

A. 'F ffi B"J la)-=f llJ ~~ tE 1t ~ Bt f1*iJl?

c1) ~ 1n ·tffit ,t)t Jt iwr r - it o

(2) ~ ?t J L Al ~ £ »t lle:_ o
(3) :?fl jft. *- •ti: ' tW * -1}- iJL lle:_ 0

B. rffia"J'tff&~~ iJl.?
C 1 ) JJJJ ~~ -ik 1t -i-1:t ~ , of Jl 1t iE. M ~ :f , x. ~ 1it ;Jt ;t_ 1t ~ at
1 t-i-
1 0 1t :t. ~ ~t1~iJL? ( £ -t)
(2 ) M~ l'iil 1t ::f 1rlra- if.~~ ~ ~1* ~ ,{}:_ tf I!J ~ >J , 1,t J~ ,{}:_ if. ;Jt ;t_
~r o c fJtft)
C3) 1,t~iw l!l r , ~ Jt.t. If:~~ 'iW; ~ r , 1t ~rJJ~ ~ 111 ilJJJJ ~, 1t
,,t, ~ ~t JJJJ ~ iJL? c rn ~ :t )

· 63 ·
 Fill in the blanks Chon tu thich hop dien vao cho trong

~Jl -!-lJ=-iLJJ J1J i!.+ k. **SJ ¥J a v~ RG it ,ff.)} -+*tx.*ii-11=-

ix. i% a ~L*-tl!lat~RJl~,;t;t, J;t»tJL, ~~~,tftf*, xtm G~~~
f+ ~ ~ *, 't 't ~ J::. i*- , i~ JJJL~ - ~ J1J >'r itL-!- ii!. a *- J1J i!. + * tx. v~
ra, *~~ii-!-¥i-1r~Jl~iir, *~aJ.Jt~k~r, ~i%*+-
. ~, JL ~ ~~ ~ $t_ ~ a ilri ll , ~ N~ *-~~-!-ii* tx. ¥; 00 .:f'; 1t a
~-k, ~l,J~*~~~,~~~X~k~*'~Rtf-!-00.:f';~
i_ >J J1J l)t] j,t 1: - ;t , - + ~ ).t 1-i ~ ~~ ~ , fo}f ~ a,!; ).t 1.i ~ t:.J f£ ~ A.
O

r ~at-+rrl!l~*i.l:~*itt¥i1.i-r,
O ~~1-¥-1tl~tf~i'~o 1~i£%
i)f ~, ~~,{f.i!.JL;t .:y; CD s. -ii-f .~, JL *-0
i _:::. k J::_ 1f- ~ ~~ ~ i*- ' P}f v~ t r -ff,&_ y)G s: J1J 00 .:y; 1t-!- r ' I\_> ~' ~
11

s: - :;t_ ~~A\ J1J - + tr- J.t 1.i a (2) ---- ill-!- v~ g , i£ Jl ~~ ~ ~ J.t
*
1.i' ~ 7'J lf l!1 ~ -!-1-¥- tt~ -f1-¥- i O

i~~,~-~~-f~,~~~~~~00.:f';~~-!-,~~;t~-
~A.jt,tf. I!l .:f';1t fl o ~ ~fr fl a kll~ ! ~ ~ -filG*- 1~ ~i A.a
k. fl - 1t , A.1n tJG ~ 1i. x k. , ® ~ F.ii ~ A. ~J.L -tt r ill
* , *,
J£ i!. ,k. ~ 1-¥- 11J r - + J.t 1.i *
,ff. J.t 1.i J::. , ~ ~, r tr- 7'.. , it l!1
O

~*¥i*>J~*~~~~~?1-ttm1,J~~i!.~~h~?
ra*-, ~iAi~@ -+rrl!l~*o ;tJ1J~£.ft}Jk~~1t

1-¥-~ 1'cl ¥i 1'cl ~Art ~it:t·, ~ ii~i£Jl lE1 $- r ~a-!; 1'cl ~, ilri 111rt iA~ o ~
1JL = " ,ff. it l!1 ~ k. * 1rt ~ ~ Bi , 1rt i ~* ~ 1,J ~ . - ~ tJG ill~ r k. * ¥i
fl , fo}f v~ , ~ 1i1 k. * 1.. ,g. s: 8 J1J Jr J::. ~ 1tl Y ¥; -t 1£ a ~i;L l,J 1t ~ , ~
~~%~~,-Jll,JT~ml!l~aJ.J~~,@ Jll,JT~mG
a,!; ~*-a''

· 64 ·
 ~~~1o~~~~~~ ~m~~o~~~~,~~
~j*~~*OO~~~t~~~-~~~a~~*~~~t,~~~

i~ "!f. ~ ffiJ Supplementary words Tu ho sung

1. 6 zhan (chiem) to tak e ; to occupy Chiem, doat
2. a bci (bach) for nothing Trang tay, mat cong, VO ich
3. t~+t reqln (nhiet tinh) warm-hearted Nhiet tinh
4. ~,t& qfguai (ky quai) s·tra11ge La.ky la
5. -t1£ zeren (trach nhiem) duty: Trach nhiern
6. 't 51 fuqionq (phu cuong) prosrwrous and stn;ng Gidu rnanh
7.
*-*- weiloi (vi lai) future Tuong lai
8. -trn-t;t y6ngj'f (ung te) crowded Chen chuc, chen lan
9. ~,t{} zhenxi (tran tich) to value Qui trong

·65 ·