21/06/2023

CURRENT ELECTRICITY
Chapter–3 Current Electricity
COMPETENCY BASED QUESTIONS

Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the same.
Q. 1. Electric toaster: Small industry services Takyelpat industrial Estate institute Imphal has designed an electric
toaster which is operated at 220 volts AC single phase and available in 4 different rated capacity such as 600 watt
750 watt 1000 watt and 1250 watt. The heating element is made of Nichrome 80 / 20 (80% Nickel 20%
chromium). Since Nichrome does not get oxidize readily at high temperature and have higher resistivity so it
produces more heat.
The element is found separately on mica sheets and fitted with body of toaster with the help of ceramic
terminals.
(i) Heating element of the toaster is made of
A. Copper B. Nichrome C. Chromium D. Nickel
(ii) What is meant by 80 / 20 nichrome?
A. 80% chromium and 20% nickel B. 80% nickel 20% chromium
C. Purity 80% impurity 20% D. It is a mixture of chromium and nickel
(iii) Which one will consume more electricity?
A. 600 watt B.750 watt C. 1000 watt D. 1200 watt
(iv) Operating voltage of the device is
A. 220 V AC single phase B. 220V AC Three phase
C. 220 V DC D. 220 V AC/ DC
Answers : (i) B. Nichrome (ii) B. 80% nickel 20% chromium (iii) D. 1200 watt (iv) A. 220 V AC single phase

Read the following text and answer the following questions on the basis of the same.
Q. 2 Resistance is a measure of the opposition to current flow in an electric circuit. Resistance is measured in
ohms. Also resistivity, the electrical resistance of a conductor of unit cross section area and unit length. A
characteristic property of each materials resistivity is useful in comparing various materials on the base of their
ability to conduct electric currents.
(i) Resistivity is independent of……………………
A. nature of material B. temperature
C. dimension of material D. none of above
(ii) For which of the following dependence of drift velocity V d on electric field E is ohm’s law is obeyed?
A. Vd α E2 B. Vd α E1/2 C. Vd = constant D. Vd = E
(iii) (A) Two registers are said to be......... is one end of all registers is join together and similarly (B) the other
ends join together. Here A refers to
A. Series B. parallel B. either A or B D. none of these.
(iv) The example of non ohmic resistance is:
A. Diode B. copper wire C. Filament lamp D. carbon registers.
Answers: (i) A. Nature of material (ii) D. Vd = E
(iii) B. PARALLEL (iv) A. Diode
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (Only one correct option)
Q. 3 Dimensions of a block are 1cm × 1cm × 100 cm. If specific resistance of its material is 3 × 10 –7 Ω m, then the resistance
between the opposite rectangular faces is
(a) 3 × 10–9 Ω (b) 3 × 10–7 Ω
(c) 3 × 10–5 Ω (d) 3 × 10–3 Ω

Answer: (b) 3 × 10–7 Ω

29 1
Q. 4 Consider a current carrying wire (current I) in the shape of a circle. Note that as the current progresses along the wire,
the direction of j (current density) changes in an exact manner, while the current I remain unaffected. The agent that is
essentially responsible for is
(a) source of emf.
(b) electric field produced by charges accumulated on the surface of wire.
(c) the charges just behind a given segment of wire which push them just the right way by repulsion.
(d) the charges ahead.
Answer : (b) electric field produced by charges accumulated on the surface of wire.

Q. 5 The drift velocity of the free electrons in a conducting wire carrying a current i is v. If in a wire of the same metal, but
of double the radius, the current be 2I, then the drift velocity of the electrons will be
(a) v/4 (b) v/2 (c) v (d) 4 v
Answer : (b) v/2

Q. 6 Temperature dependence of resistivity ρ(T) of semiconductors insulators and metals is significantly based on the
following factors.
(a) Number of charge carriers can change with temperature T.
(b) Time interval between two successive collisions does not depend on T.
(c) Length of material can be a function of T.
(d) Mass of carriers is a function of T.
Answer : (a) Number of charge carriers can change with temperature T.

Q. 7 Kirchhoff’s junction rule is a reflection of

(a) Conservation of current density vector.
(b) Conservation of energy.
(c) The fact that the momentum with which a charged particle approaches a junction is unchanged (as a vector) as the
charged particle leaves the junction.
(d) The fact that there is no accumulation of charged at a junction.
Answer: (d) the fact that there is no accumulation of charged at a junction.
Q. 8 Figure represents a part of a closed circuit. The potential difference between points A and B (VA – VB) is
(a) +9 V (b) – 9 V
(c) +3 V (d) + 6 V

Answer: (a) +9 V

OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTION (OTQs)

Q.9 Which has the greater resistance: a 1 kilowatt electric heater or a 100 watt electric bulb marked for 220 V.
Answer: 100 W electric bulb.

Q.10 Sketch a graph showing variation of resistivity of carbon with temperature.

Answer :

Q.11 What is the effect of temperature on the relaxation time of electrons in a metal?
Answer: The relaxation time of electrons decreases with the rise in temperature of the metal.

Q.12 Internal resistance of a cell ..............with time. (Increases/Decreases/remains constant).

Answer : Increases.

30 2
Q.13 The resistivity of alloy Manganin is ………………. with temperature variations.
Answer: almost constant

SHORT ANSWER/ LONG ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS

Q.14 The plot of the variation of potential difference across a combination of three identical cells in series,
versus current is as shown in the figure. What is the emf of each cell?

Answer: Total emf of three cells in series = P.D corresponding to zero current = 6V
∴ The emf of each cell = 6/3 = 2V

Q.15 A wire of resistance 8R is bent in the form of a circle. What is the effective resistance between the ends of
the diameter?

Answer: The effective resistance between A and B.

Q.16. A 2.0 kW heater element from a dryer has a length of 80 cm. If a 10 cm section is removed, what power is
used by the now shortened element at 120 V?
Answer : 2.4 KW
Q 17 A set of n-identical resistors, each of resistance R ohm when connected in series have an effective resistance of X
ohm and when the resistors are connected in parallel the effective resistance is Y ohm. Find the relation between R, X
and Y ?

Ans. n – resistors connected in series

X = nR —–1)
n – Resistors connected in parallel

Y= ——2)
Multiply eg. (1) & (2)

XY =

XY =

Q 18. Two metallic wires of the same material have the same length but cross-sectional area is in the ratio 1 : 2.
They are connected
(i) in series and
(ii) in parallel. Compare the drift velocities of electrons in the two wires in both the cases (i) and (ii).
Answer :

31 3
Q.19 A battery of emf 10 V and internal resistance 3Ω is connected to a resistor. If the current in the circuit is 0.5
A, find
(i) the resistance of the resistor;
(ii) the terminal voltage of the battery.
Answer: Resistance of the resistor is 17Ω and the terminal voltage is 8.5V

Q 20. Find the values of I1 , I2 & I3 in the given network .

Answer:

32 4
Q21. Estimate the average drift speed of conduction electrons in a copper wire of cross-sectional
area 1 × 10-7 m2 carrying a current of 1.5 A. Assume the density of conduction electrons to be 9 × 1028 m-3.
Answer:
A = 1 × 10-7 m2
I = 1.5 A , n = 9 × 1028 m-3 , vd = ?
I = n A e vd

vd = I / n A e = 1.5 / 9 × 1028 x 1 × 10-7 x 1.6 × 10-19

= 10.4 × 10−4 m/s

Q 22. Two cells of emfs 1.5 V and 2.0 V having internal resistance 0.2 Ω and 0.3 Ω respectively are connected in
parallel. Calculate the emf and internal resistance of the equivalent cell.
Answer :
E1 = 1.5 V, E2 = 2.0 V,

Q 23. The plot of the variation of terminal potential difference (V) across a combination of three identical cells in
series, versus current ( I ) is shown along the question. What is the emf and internal resistance of each cell?

Answer.

(From the graph, current is 1A corresponding to V = 0)

5
33
Q 24. Find the Potential Difference ( P.D.) across each cell and the rate of energy dissipation in resistor R in the
given network.

Answer.

34 6
Q 25. A uniform wire of resistance 12 Ω is cut into three pieces so that the ratio of the resistances R1 : R2 : R3 = 1
: 2 : 3 and the three pieces are connected to form a triangle across which a cell of emf 8V and internal resistance

1 Ω is connected as shown. Calculate the current through each part of the circuit.

Answer:

Current through arms AC = current through ABC.

(Since the resistance of arm AC = resistance of arm ABC) = 1A

35 7