CHAPTER 03: CURRENT ELECTRICITY

MCQ
ONG
1. Two batteries of and internal
ANS
resistance r1 and r2 respectively are connected in parallel as
WERin figure.
shown
(a ) The equivalent emf 𝜀𝑒𝑞 𝑜f the two cells is between ε1 and ε2 i.e. 𝜀1 < 𝜀𝑒𝑞 < 𝜀2 .
(b) The equivalent emf 𝜀𝑒𝑞 is smaller than 𝜀1 .
(c) The eeq is given by 𝜀𝑒𝑞 = 𝜀1 + 𝜀2 always.
(d) 𝜀𝑒𝑞 is independent of internal resistances r1 and r2.

2. Consider a simple circuit shown in figure stands for a variable

resistance R’. R’ can vary from to infinity, r is internal resistance
of the battery ).
(a) Potential drop across AB is not constant as R0 is varied.
(b Current through R0 is nearly a constant as R0 is varied.
(c) Current I depends sensitively on R0.
(d) lways.

3. In a meter bridge, the point D is a neutral point (figure).

(a) The meter bridge can have other neutral point for this set of
resistances.
(b) When the jockey contacts a point on meter wire left of D, current
flows to B from the wire.
(c) When the jockey contacts a point on the meter wire to the right of D, current flows from B to
the wire through galvanometer.
(d) When R is increased, the neutral point shifts to left.

4. Which of the following is wrong? Resistivity of a conductor is

(a) independent of temperature. (b) inversely proportional to temperature.
(c) independent of dimensions of conductor.
(d) less than resistivity of a semiconductor.

5. Drift velocity vd varies with the intensity of electric field as per the relation
1
(a) 𝑣𝑑 ∝ 𝐸 (b) 𝑣𝑑 ∝ 𝐸 (c) 𝑣𝑑 = 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡 (d) 𝑣𝑑 ∝ 𝐸²

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6. For a cell, the graph between the potential difference (V)
across the terminals of the cell and the current (I) drawn from
the cell is shown in the figure. The e.m.f. and the internal
resistance of the cell are:
(a) 2V, 0.5 Ω (c) > 2V, 0.5 Ω
(b) 2V, 0.4 Ω (d) > 2V, 0.4 Ω

7. Three resistors each of 2 ohm are connected together in a

triangular shape. The resistance between any two vertices will
be
(a) 4/3 ohm (c) 3 ohm
(b) 3/4 ohm (d) 6 ohm

8. From the graph between current I and voltage V shown below,

identify the portion corresponding to negative resistance
(a) AB (b) BC (c) CD (d) DE

9. A battery consists of a variable number ′𝒏′ of identical cells having internal resistances
connected in series. The terminals of battery are short circuited and the current i is
measured. Which of the graph below shows the relationship between i and n?

10. A charge is moving across a junction, then

(a) momentum will be conserved.
(b) momentum will not be conserved.
(c) at some places momentum will be conserved and at some other places momentum will not
be conserved.
(d) none of these.

11. The I-V characteristics shown in figure represents

(a) ohmic conductors (b) non-ohmic conductors
(c) insulators (d) superconductors

12. The resistivity of alloy manganin is

(a) Nearly independent of temperature
(b) Increases rapidly with increase in temperature
(c) Decreases with increase in temperature
(d) Increases rapidly with decrease in temperature

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 ASSERTION REASON
1. Assertion: In a simple battery circuit, the point of the lowest potential is positive terminal of
the battery.
Reason: The current flows towards the point of the higher potential, as it does in such a circuit
from the negative to the positive terminal.
2. Assertion: A current continues to flow in superconducting coil even after switch is off.
Reason: Superconducting coils show Meissner effect.
3. Assertion: Ohm’s law is applicable for all conducting elements.
Reason: Ohm’s law is a fundamental law.

4. Assertion: An electric bulb becomes dim, when the electric heater in parallel circuit is
switched on.
Reason: Dimness decreases after sometime.

CASE STUDY
1. According to Ohm's law, the current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to
the potential difference across the ends of the conductor i.e 𝐼 ∝ 𝑉 ⇒ 𝑉𝐼 = 𝑅𝐼 ∝ 𝑉 ⇒ 𝑉𝐼 =
𝑅 where R is resistance of the conductor Electrical resistance of a conductor is the obstruction
posed by the conductor to the flow of electric current through it. It depends upon length, area of
cross-section, nature of material and temperature of the conductor We can write 𝑅 ∝
ℓ𝐴 𝑜𝑟 𝑅 = 𝜌 ℓ𝐴 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑅 ∝ ℓ𝐴 𝑜𝑟 𝑅 = 𝜌ℓ𝐴 where ρρ is electrical resistivity of the material of
the conductor.
(i) Dimensions of electric resistance is
(a) [𝑀𝐿2 𝑇 −2 𝐴−2 ] (c) [𝑀−1 𝐿−2 𝑇 −1 𝐴]
(b) [𝑀𝐿2 𝑇 −3 𝐴−2 ] (d) [𝑀−1 𝐿2 𝑇 2 𝐴−1 ]

(ii) If 1μA current flows through a conductor when potential difference of 2 volt is
applied across its ends, then the resistance of the conductor is
(a) 2 × 106 𝛺 (b) 3 × 105 𝛺
(c) 1.5 × 105 𝛺 (d) 5 × 107 𝛺

(iii) Specific resistance of a wire depends upon

(a) length (b) cross-sectional area (c) mass (d) none of these

(iv) The slope of the graph between potential difference and current through a conductor
is
(a) a straight line (b) curve (c) first curve then straight line (d) first straight line then curve

OR
The resistivity of the material of a wire 1.0 m long, 0.4 mm in diameter and having a
resistance of 2.0 ohm is
(a) 1.57×10−6 Ω m (b) 5.25×10−7 Ω m (c) 7.12×10−5 Ω m (d) 2.55×10−7 Ω m

SHORT ANSWERS

1.A steady current flows in a metallic conductor of non-uniform cross-section. Which of these
quantities is constant along the conductor: current, current density, electric field, drift speed?
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2.Two wires of equal length, one of copper and the other of manganin have
the same resistance. Which wire is thicker?
3. I-V graph for a metallic wire at two different temperatures, T1, and T2 is as
shown in the figure. Which of the two temperatures is lower and why?
4. Plot a graph showing the variation of resistance of a conducting wire as a
function of its radius. Keeping the length of the wire and its temperature as
constant
5. Two materials Si and Cu, are cooled from300 K to 60 K. What will be the effect on their
resistivity?

6. The plot of the variation of potential difference across a

combination of three identical cells in series versus current is
shown below. What is the emf and internal resistance of each cell?

7.V-I graphs for parallel and series combination of two metallic

resistors are shown below. Which graph represents parallel
combination?

LONG ANSWERS
1. Two cells of emf Ɛ1and Ɛ2having internal resistances r1, and r2
respectively are connected in parallel as shown. Deduce the
expressions of the equivalent emf of a cell which can replace the
combination between the points B1 and B2

2. In the meter bridge experiment, balance point was observed at 𝑙

with 𝐴𝐽 = 𝑙 .
(i) The value of R and X were doubled and then interchanged. What would be the new position
of balance point?
(ii)If the galvanometer and battery are interchanged at the
balance position, how will the balance point get affected?

3. With the help of the circuit diagram, explain the working

principle of meter bridge. How is it used to determine the
unknown resistance of a given wire? Write the necessary
precautions to minimize to error in the result.

4.Answer the following:

(a) Why are the connections between the resistors in a meter bridge made of thick copper
strips?
(b) Why is it generally preferred to obtain the balance point in the middle of the meter bridge
wire?
(c) Which material is used for the meter bridge wire and why?

NUMERICALS
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1.Estimate the average drift speed of conduction electrons in a copper wire of cross-sectional
area 1.0 x 0-7m2 carrying a current of 1.5 A. Assume the density of conduction electrons to be 9 x
1028 m~3.
2.Two electric bulbs P and Q have their resistances in the ratio of 1:2. They are connected in
series across a battery. Find the ratio of the power dissipation in these bulbs.
3.Given the resistances of 1 Ω, 2 Ω and 3 Ω. How will you combine them to get an equivalent
resistance of (i) 11/3 Ω and (ii) 11/5 Ω?
4.In the circuit shown in the figure, find the current through each resistor.

5.A cell of emf 'E' and internal resistance ‘r’ is connected across a variable load resistor R. Draw
the plots of the terminal voltage V versus (i) R and (ii) the current I. It is found that when R = 4
Ω, the current is 1 A and when R is increased to 9 Ω, the current reduces to 0.5 A. Find the
values of the emf 𝐸 and internal resistance r.
6.A 10 V cell of negligible internal resistance is connected in parallel across a battery of emf 200
V and internal resistance 38 Ω as shown in the figure. Find the value of current in the circuit .

7. Use Kirchhoff's rules to determine the potential difference between the points A and D
when no current flows in the BE of the electric network shown in the figure.

8. Calculate the current drawn from the battery in the given

network.

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9.In a meter bridge, two unknown resistances R and X when
connected in the two gaps, give a null point at 40 cm from one
end. What is the ratio of R and X?

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