ExperIment :

Aim: To determine the value of for eleron b JJ Thomson's Mea

Apparztus: Cathode ray tbe, power suly t pair cf bz g
compass box mamE
Principle
The specifccharge of 2n elecron czn be eterDi en elecn mnes in bo g
the electron is made zero. IN tis station he
irection of oin ofeenrS
perpendcular to both electric 2nd mageic feli
Working Principle: (Theorv:
When suffcient zmount of potential ()sppi+d betaea he tao eleres elens
emitted from the cathode accelerzte wih velocity then
1
eV =m
(1)

When the charge particie moves under the actioa of electric 5eld sreag (E) t nres
towards the +ve plate and finally incident at point O, at aoresct reen h æof
applying magnetic feld only, tbe charge particle deviate and fnaly nident at 02 2s shom
in figure.
If both magnetic and electric ffeld are appiei and their magitade ni irein is atastei
so that the charged particles move wibout deviaion At this conitioa chage pcle
incident at point O at the fuorescent screen,
Then, We have Bev = eE

Where, Bis magneic feld strength In this case the irection af mageie feid is
perpendicalar to the direction of the motion of the charged paricle

(2)

From equation (1) 2nd (2),

e

m 2 V

30 |
 e 1 E'
2V B'
Hence, the spec1tic charge at the electron is
determined if the values of E, B and Vare
known. The experimentally obtained specific
charge of the electron is 1.7 x 10" C/kg.
FORMULA USED:
VY
C/kg

Where,
I= length of horizontal pair of plate
L= distance of screen from edges
V=voltage applied to plates
Y= total deflection of spot on screen

H,= earth's horizontal component of the field =26 T

d = separation between plates

Diagram:

Procedure:
1 Place the magnetometer compass box in the wooden stand to trace the north south
direction. Now plaçe the cathode ray tube such a way that it faces towards north and
south direction.
Switch ON the power supply for cathode ray tube and after heatingup, awill come on
spot.
the screen. Adjust the intensity of that
when electric and magnetic fields are not applied, then the electron will strike the
middle.
screen producing a glow (spot) in the
,Take the initial reading of the spot on the scale attached with screen, set comes out to
teo0cm. Now apply the deflecting voltage using the acceleration knob on the power
a deflection is in upward direction and the reading is+ lcm.
supplysuch thatta

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 5 Note down the applicd deflecting voltage 'V" for the above deflection that is for lcm.
6. Place the bar magnets symmetrically on each side such that the poles are
perpendicular to the axis of cathode ray tube.
7. Now adjust the spacing and polarity of the magnets such that spot reaches back to the
original position (0 cm).
8. Note on the spacing of the poles of the magnet from the cathode ray tube (say there
are 'a' and "b).
9. Adjust the pointer of the compass box to 0°- 0° reading.
10. Now place a bar magnets in the position at placed in the previous case that is 'a' and 'b'
distances. Note the reading of the pointer (say they are O, and 0:).
11. Remove the magnets and reverse the polarity ofthe voltage V' apply to the deflecting
plates. Now the initial deflection is Ocm and final -lcm.
12. Raise the bar magnets again on the wooden stand and repeat the step 7.
13. Note down the spacing of the poles of the magnet from cathode ray tube (hey there 'c
and d').
14. Remove the cathode ray and bar magnets and place the magnetometer compass box
such that its Centre lies on the common axis of the magnets.
15. Adjust the pointer of the compass box to 0°- 0° reading.
16. Now place a bar magnets in the position at placed in the previous case that is 'c' and 'd'
distances. Note the reading of the pointer (say they are O3 and 04).
01+02+ 0 3+04
17. For deflecting voltage V, calculate the mean deflection 0, that is, 0 4

18. Calculate the magnetic field H=H, tan 9, where H, is the carth's horizontal
component of the field.
19. Take the different deflecting voltage Vand repeat the whole procedure.

Observations:
1. Length of horizontal pair of plates, I=
2. Distance of the screen from edges of the plates, L=
3. Distance between the deflecting plates, d=

Table 1. Determination of deflection for different voltages V

S.no. Applied Initial Finial Final Deflection Final Voltage
Voltage position of position of
the spot the spot

1.

2.

3.

4.

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