A PROJECT REPORT

ON

“VISITOR MANAGEMENT SYSTEM”

IN
THE PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF
DOPLOMA IN COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEETING

RESENTED BY:
TANUJ BANSAL
ROBIN BANSAL
AKASH KUMAR
UNDER THE ABLE GUIDANCE OF
Er. MANJEET SINGH

SUBMITTED TO:                                                                        H.O.D (C.S.E)

Er. MANJEET SINGH                                                           Er. MANJEET SINGH

Janta Polytechnic Jahangirabad, Bulandshahr-203391

 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project report entitled “VISITOR MANAGEMENT

SYSTEM” has been prepared by TANUJ BANSAL, ROBIN BANSAL and
AKASH KUMAR in the partial fulfillment of “BOARD OF TECHNICAL
EDUCATION, LUCKNOW” for the award of Diploma in Computer Science and
Engineering.
He was agile and much interested throughout the work and carried out all the
project work in the institution. I wish him/her all the very best for their
professional carrier to be bright.

PROJECT GUIDE                                              H.O.D C.S & ENGG.

Er. MANJEET SINGH Er. MANJEET SINGH

Janta Polytechnic Jahangirabad, Bulandshahr-203391

 ACKNOWLEGEMENT

I would like to express my greatest appreciation to the all individuals who have
helped and supported me throughout the project. I am thankful to “Er. MANJEET
SINGH” PROJECT GUIDE for his ongoing support during the project, from
initial advice, and encouragement, which led to the final report of this project. I
would also like to thank “Er. MANJEET SINGH” who was always there in our
computer lab for assistance.
A special acknowledgement goes to my classmates who helped me in completing
the project by exchanging interesting ideas and sharing their experience.
I wish to thank my parents as well for their undivided support and interest who
inspired me and encouraged me to go my own way, without whom I would be
unable to complete my project.
At the end, I want to thank my friends who displayed appreciation to my work and
motivated me to continue my work.

Sincerely

TANUJ BANSAL
ROBIN BANSAL
AKASH KUMAR

Janta Polytechnic Jahangirabad, Bulandshahr-203391

 DECLARATION

We hereby declare that the work which is being presented in the project, entitled
 “VISITOR MANAGEMENT SYSTEM” is done by us and it is an authentic
work carried out by us.
The matter embodied in this project has not been submitted by us for the award of
any other diploma to the best of our knowledge and belief.

DATE:

APPROVED BY:                                          Names Signature of the Students

Er. MANJEET SINGH TANUJ BANSAL

(H.O.D C.S & Engg.)

ROBIN BANSAL

AKASH KUMAR

Janta Polytechnic Jahangirabad, Bulandshahr-203391

 SYSTEM ENVIRONMENT

Hardware Configuration

1.Pentium IV Processor

2.512 MB RAM

3.40GB HDD

4.1024 * 768 Resolution Color Monitor

Note: This is not the “System Requirements”.

Software Configuration

1. OS : Windows XP
2. WAMP SERVER.
3. XAMP SERVER
4. PHP (PHP5.6, MySQL, Apache, and PHPMyAdmin)

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 Design

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 INTRODUCTION:
BACKGROUND OF STUDY

A Visitor Management System (VMS) is an evolving concept defined as a

systematic collection of visitor’s information. It is a record in digital format that is
theoretically capable of keeping track of list of visitors and their personal details
for effective service from both clients and the company.

This system tracks the usage of a public office by gathering increasing amounts of
information. A visitor management system can record the usage of the facilities by
specific visitors and provide documentation of visitor’s whereabouts. Since a
visitor management system provides a record of office used and the person visited,
these systems are frequently used to complement office security systems and
access control systems.

As electronic visitor management systems become more common and more

powerful, these systems are taking over many of the functions of office security
and access control like gathering information manually.

Managing visitors is an essential access control activity traditionally handled

through paper logs or guest books, where visitors sign in at the front desk.
Synergies’ Visitor Management module allows you to modernize your approach,
go paperless, and become more efficient. Enroll visitors, assign physical access
rights, and track their movements with ease. A digital visitor management system
does the core job of checking in visitors. But it also does many things pen and
paper cants which include:

 Maintain a cloud-based visitor log.

 Take photos of your visitors to help you identify them.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

After carefully analysis of the project the researcher observed that the following
problems are mainly encountered by different organization.

1. The present method of visitors management system is mainly based on

manual recording.

Janta Polytechnic Jahangirabad, Bulandshahr-203391

 2. The present system makes use of small or no database for recording of
visitor’s information.
3. Due to lack of comprehensive database, accountability is usually very
difficult.
4. The present system is time consuming.
5. Owing to the paper and pen method of recording information visitors may
not give out its full information needed at a particular time.
6. Queuing may occur at the cause of entering information needed.

OBJECTIVE OF STUDY

The aim of this project is to design and implement an online visitors management
system.

The objectives include:

1. To build a web database for storing visitor’s information: to setup a strong

relational database for storing visitor’s information for easy retrieval and
annual report analysis.
2. To develop a web base which helps to insert and retrieve visitors
information: retrieval of information stored in a database is vital and must be
ready to get back from the database when needed so that the purpose of
storing the data must be accomplished.
3. To give account of visitors that visited the organization: the system that is
setup must be ready to give total number of visitors that visited the
organization per day, week, yearly etc.
4. To ascertain the reasons why the visitor visited: the system will also track
the reasons why the visitors visited, whether the message is relevant or not.
5. To provide easy access of searching and navigation for time saving: the
system have a special way of retrieving data from the database like search
the visitor using its identification number.
6. To provide adequate assessment of staff base on the amount of visitor
(Client) and their reason.

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SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY

With growth of information technology, the study offers numerous values in

business premises and revenue payment:

1. Visitors get high quality service: since the recording requires human
information, with use of computer more concrete information will be
provided.
2. It will be easier to generate overall report: comprehensive and relational
database will make the report generation easy and faster.
3. High Security Environments: Assign and print credentials for your visitors
like any other employee, define detailed access rights, specify visitor escorts,
and give your staff full control over access to your facilities.
4. It will provide efficient, effective and timely services,
5. It will reduce corruption,
6. It contributes to the entire organization security.

Method
1. The whole design and development of the VMS, including research strategy,
research method and the research process will be outline.
2. In general, each detail of the system design and development procedure will
be explained briefly as following.
3. it is necessary to identify the system requirement for the items that used in
this project.
4. The system requirement of the VMS is the configuration, functional and data
requirement as well as the quality constraint of the laptop and reader.
5. The objective of system requirement is to ensure the VMS is running
smoothly and efficiently so that it could make the registration process faster
and easier.

Graphical User Interface

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  One of the important elements on this VMS is the graphical user interface
(GUI) design which includes graphical component, buttons, icons, and
tables.
 In general, GUI is designing to provide a user-friendly and intuitive
environment to the user where it does not take complicated method to
display information and manipulator control.
 It is necessary to design and develop an ease to use interface in VMS so
that it could facilitate the procedure and registration process.
 Therefore, the GUI of the proposed VMS must fulfils the intuitive,
informative and interactive between the human and computer device so
that it enables the users easier to learn and use.

Database Management System

 In the VMS, it is required to have an own database management system
to record all the visitor’s log and information when they have registered
with the front counter. In fact, database management system (DBMS) is a
system software that able to collect and manage the visitor’s database.
 As compared to manual system, the benefits of using computerized
DBMS are rapid, accuracy and accessibility. VMS must be acquired
DBMS so that it can store and track the visitor’s database for
administrative purpose. It also can provide high security and posted
efficient data integrity capabilities.

System Integration
 System integration is an important step for every system especially VMS.
It is consisting of process that iteratively combines component sub-
systems into one system. Furthermore, it is also mainly implemented for
successive and compatible levels of the system hierarchy.
 From this definition, it can be states that VMS should be integrated with
both graphical user interface (GUI) and database management system
(DBMS) as well as the access control panel. Hence, the whole system
should be combined when every single unit or parts of the VMS is
completed.

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Real time Testing
 After designed the whole VMS, a real-time testing should be
implementing to detect the error and failure of the system. Generally, real
time testing is a trial and error process which useful to examine the
complete and integrated systems. Also, the purpose of the system testing
is testing the fully integrated application and evaluate the system’s
compliance with the designed requirements. Hence, it is mainly divided
into three levels of testing procedure which are shown as given.
 When the whole GUI and DBMS is designed, a step by step
troubleshooting process should be performing to resolve certain failures
or bugs in the system. It is a logical and systematic approach to figure out
the source of the problem.
 Each of the testing categories indicates that the overall VMS should be
conduct testing under different conditions. The faulty bug and the error in
the system will displayed through the message box. So, when the system
is encounter problem, the users can immediately know the source of
problem through the error message.
 This step is also ensuring that the whole system is fulfill the specified
requirement as stated above.

Unit Testing:
 A level of the real-time testing process where each single unit, block
module and components of the system are examined. It means that
individual part of the VMS should be isolating and perform test to
validate each component is met with the desired functionality and
requirement. Integration Testing: A level of the real-time testing process
where individual parts are combined and integrated as a group in order to
evaluate if they work correctly together. By using this way, the fault or
error can be determined when the parts or components of the VMS are
interacting together.

System Testing:

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  A level of the real-time testing process where a complete and integrated
system are examined to ensure the overall products fulfills the specified
requirements. In short, the whole VMS will be assessing by the examiner,
so it could run smoothly.
 Software testing is the way of assessing a software product to distinguish
contrasts between given information and expected result. Additionally, to
evaluate the characteristic of a product. The testing process evaluates the
quality of the software.
 You know what testing does. No need to explain further. But, are you
aware of types of testing.
 But before we get to the types, let’s have a look at the standards that
needs to be maintained.

Standards of Testing

 The entire test should meet the user prerequisites.

 Exhaustive testing isn’t conceivable. As we require the ideal quantity of
testing in view of the risk evaluation of the application.
 The entire test to be directed ought to be arranged before executing it.
 It follows 80/20 rule which expresses that 80% of defects originates from
20% of program parts.
 Start testing with little parts and extend it to broad components.

Software testers know about the different sorts of Software Testing. In this
article, we have incorporated majorly all types of software testing which
testers, developers, and QA reams more often use in their everyday testing
life. Let’s understand them!!!

Black box Testing

 The black box testing is a category of strategy that disregards the interior
component of the framework and spotlights on the output created against
any input and performance of the system. It is likewise called functional
testing.

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  Black box testing is regularly utilized for validation.

Learn how it works:

What is the purpose of Software Validation?

 Validation is the procedure to ensure the software fulfills the predefined

necessities toward the conclusion of the development stage.
 It’s done in order to ensure the software is formed according to client
prerequisites.

White Box Testing

 The white box testing is a class of testing method that considers the
inside component of a framework. It is likewise called glass box testing
and structural testing.
 White box testing is regularly utilized for verification.

What is the purpose of Software Verification?

 Verification is the procedure to ensure the software fulfills the conditions

forced toward the beginning of the development stage.
 Simply speaking it is to ensure the software acts the way we need it to.

Unit Testing

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  It centers on the smallest unit of programming plan. In this, software
testers test an individual unit or gathering of interrelated units. It is
frequently led by the software engineer by utilizing test samples and
watching its comparing outputs.

Branch Testing

 Branch software testing technique is done amid unit testing. It is a white

box testing technique for planning test cases to test code for each
branching environment.

Decision Coverage Testing

 It is a testing method that is also utilized as a part of Unit testing. The

goal of this type of testing is to practice and approve every decision block
in the code.

Integration Testing

 The goal of the integration testing technique is to take unit tested parts
and manufacture a program structure that has been directed by the design.
In integration testing, a collection of components is consolidated to create
output.

 Integration testing is divided into two classes: (a.) Top-down (b.)

Bottom-up

Top-Down Integration Testing

 In this type of testing technique high-level modules are first tested,

afterward, low-level modules and lastly integration from the low-level
modules to a high-level module to guarantee the framework is
functioning as expected.

 Stubs are utilized as a substitute module when a module isn’t prepared

for integration testing.

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 Bottom-Up Integration Testing

 In bottom-up integration testing technique the module at the most

minimal level is created first and different modules which go towards the
‘primary’ program are coordinated and tested each one by turn.
 It is typically administered by the testing groups.

Big Bang Integration Testing

 Each time another module is added prompts variations in the program.

 This kind of testing ensures that entire part works appropriately even on
adding parts to the absolute program.
This is among the many integration testing methods. In Big Bang integration testing all or almos

Functional Testing

It is a type of that constructs its experiments with respect to the details of the software segment u

Regression Testing

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System Testing

 System testing is used to guarantee that by putting the product in various

environments, such as Operating Systems, it yet works. System testing is
performed with full system usage and environment. It comes in the black
box testing category.
 In this, we have recovery testing, security testing, stress testing and
performance testing.

Recovery Testing

 Recovery testing is a software testing method which decides whether the

framework can proceed with the task after a crash. It believes that
application is getting information through the network cable and all of a
sudden that network cable has been unplugged.
 Later, on plugging the network cable the framework should begin getting
information from where it lost the link because of unplugging of the
network cable. It is performed by the testing groups.

Security Testing

 A procedure to discover that a data framework ensures data and manages

functionality as expected. It can be accomplished by testing groups or by
particular security-testing organizations.
 Security testing needs a decent understanding of the application,
networking, technology, and security testing tools. With the growing
number of web applications, security testing has turned out to be the
more vital type of testing than any time before.

Performance Testing

 Performance testing is the testing system used to survey the speed and
adequacy of the framework and to ensure it is producing outcomes in a

Janta Polytechnic Jahangirabad, Bulandshahr-203391

 predefined time as in performance prerequisites. It falls under the black
box testing category.

Stress Testing

 The software testing strategy which assesses a component or system at or

past the limits of its predefined prerequisites. It is normally led by the
performance engineer.

Smoke Testing

 A testing procedure which inspects all the essential parts of a software

framework to guarantee that they work appropriately. Normally, smoke
testing is directed by the testing group, quickly after a product build is
produced.

Acceptance Testing

 The acceptance testing is frequently performed by the client to guarantee

that the delivered software meets the prerequisites and fills in as the
client anticipated. It comes under the black box testing class.

Storage Testing

 This type of software testing checks the software under test stores data
documents in the right directories and that it saves adequate space to keep
sudden termination because of an absence of space. It is generally done
by the testing group.

Parallel Testing

 A testing process which has the reason to guarantee that another

application that has supplanted its older version has been installed and is
working effectively. It is directed by the team of software testers.

Usability Testing

Janta Polytechnic Jahangirabad, Bulandshahr-203391

  Usability Testing is a testing process that is performed from the point of
view of the customer, to assess how is the user-friendliness of the GUI?
How effectively can the customer learn? How satisfying is it to utilize its
design plan? On figuring out how to utilize, how capable is the customer
to perform?

 This falls under the category of black box testing. Primarily, system
navigation is verified in the usability testing.

Alpha Testing

 This is a kind of validation testing. It is a class of acceptance testing

which is done before the item is launched in the market.
 The purpose of this type of testing is to recognize all potential defects or
issues before releasing it to the user. It is commonly done by QA team.

Beta Testing

 The beta test is directed at one or more client websites by the end-user of
the product. This adaptation is launched for the few numbers of clients
for testing the real-time environment.
 Beta testing is successful after the client affirms the software. Thus, end-
user really utilizes the software and gives the review to the company so
that the company can take the vital actions before the launch.

Gamma Testing

 Gamma testing technique is used when the product is set for launch with
defined necessities. It is performed at the customer place. It is done
specifically by avoiding all the in-house testing exercises.

Non-Functional Testing

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  The testing method which centers on testing of a product application for
its non-functional necessities. It can be directed by the manual testing
groups or by the performance engineers.

Stability Testing

 It is a type of non-functional test designed to test one of the product

quality properties- stability.
 Stability testing centers around testing how firm the product is the point
at which it is liable to loads at adequate levels, crest loads, loads
produced in spikes, with more volumes of information to be prepared.

Scalability Testing

 This testing type is a part of the series of non-functional tests that tests a
product application for estimating its capacity to scale up – be it the
number of transactions, the client load supported, the data volume and so
forth. It is led by the performance engineers.

Volume Testing

 It is also a class of non-functional testing. The product or application

experiences a large quantity of data so volume testing checks the
framework conduct and response time of the application when the
framework went over such high amount of data.
 This high amount of data may affect the framework’s execution and
speed of the preparing time. It is operated by the performance testing
group.

Cross-browser Testing

 Cross Browser Testing is another type of non-functional test method

which supports to guarantee that the site or web application functions as
supposed in the different web browsers.

Load Testing

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  The Testing strategy that puts the demand on a device or framework and
regulates its reaction. It is typically led by the performance engineers.

Ad-Hoc Testing

 As the name itself recommends that this testing is performed on ad-hoc

foundation i.e. with no citation to test case and furthermore with no
arrangement or documentation set up for such sort of testing. The target
of this testing is to discover the deformities and break the application by
administering any application flow or any irregular functionality.

Compatibility Testing

 Compatibility testing method is used to check if the product can be

operated on the various operating system, hardware, bandwidth,
databases, application servers, web servers, hardware peripherals, diverse
configuration, emulators, different browsers, processors and distinct
versions of the browsers and so forth. This type of test is executed by the
testing group.

Browser Compatibility Testing

 It is a subtype of Compatibility Testing and is performed by the testing

group. The browser Compatibility Testing is used for web applications
and it guarantees that the product can operate with the combination of
distinctive operating system and browser.
 This sort of testing additionally approves whether web application
functions on all the browser versions or not.

Vulnerability Testing

 This is a type of testing which considers application security and has the
reason to avert issues which may influence the application stability and
integrity. It can be operated by the internal testing groups or outsourced
to specific organizations.

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Sanity Testing

 Sanity Testing is performed to decide whether a new product version is

performing sufficiently to acknowledge it as a noteworthy testing attempt
or not. In the event that an application is failing for the primary use then
the framework isn’t sufficiently steady for additional testing. Thus, an
application or build is appointed to settle it.

Static Testing

 Static Testing is a kind of software testing which is administered with no

code. The administration is performed on the documentation amid the
testing stage. It includes the walkthrough, reviews, and examination of
the deliverables of the task. Static testing does not administer the code
rather than the code syntax.
 It is important to perform static testing by the testing group as the flaws
distinguished while performing this test is financially savvy from the
project point of view.

Qualification Testing

 This type of software testing is performed against the particulars of the

old release, more often led by the developer for the customer, to show
that the product meets its predetermined prerequisites.

Operational Testing

 Testing strategy directed to assess a framework or element in its

operational environment. Generally, it is performed by testing groups.

Mutation Testing

 The process of software testing which includes altering software’s byte

code or source code in small steps so as to test segments of the code that
are only sometimes or never evaluated while typical tests execution. It is
typically led by the software testers.

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  Mutation testing could be basically sorted into 3 types– statement
mutation, value mutation, and decision mutation.

Pair Testing

 It is a software advancement procedure in which two colleagues

cooperate at one keyboard to test the product application. One does the
testing and other one analyzes or surveys the testing. This should be
possible between one Business Analyst and Tester or Developer or
between the two testers with both the members alternating at driving the
keyboard.

Positive Testing

 The positive testing is a type of software testing used to figure out what
system is expected to do. It supports to check if the application is
verifying the necessities or not.

Negative Testing

 This type of testing is also known as “test to fail”. Software testers

having the outlook of – attitude to crack – and utilizing negative testing
they validate that whether the application or system collapses. A negative
testing procedure is done utilizing wrong data, invalid information or
input. It approves that if the system tosses a mistake of invalid info and
carries on as assumed.

Install/Uninstall Testing

 Testing performed on partial, full, or upgrade install/uninstall forms on

various OS under various programming or hardware environment is
named so.

Gorilla Testing

 During Gorilla Testing, one module or the functionality in the module is

examined completely and vigorously. The target of this type of testing is

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 to check the power of the application. Gorilla Testing is performed by a
software tester and in some cases by developer too.

Example Testing

 This type of testing is a real-time testing. Example testing incorporates

the real-time situation, it additionally includes the situations as per the
experience of the software testers.

Component Testing

 It is for the most part conducted by the developers after the finishing of
unit testing. Component testing is a testing technique that includes testing
a collection of units as code together in general as opposed to testing
singular functions strategies. Its goal is to recognize if any fault exists
subsequent to associating those numerous functionalities with each other.

End-to-end Tests

 The end-to-end testing type hatches a user behavior with the product in
an entire application environment. It confirms that different flows of
users function as assumed and can be as straightforward as loading a site
page or signing in or considerably more unpredictable condition like
online payments, verifying e-mails etc.
 End-to-end tests are extremely helpful, yet they’re costly to implement
and can be difficult to manage when they’re automated. They are
intended to be fast to execute, and their objective is to give you the
affirmation that the significant traits of your framework are functioning
as they should.

Active Testing

 This testing type comprises of introducing test information and probing

the execution outcomes. It is typically directed by the software testing
team.

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Passive Testing

 The Testing method comprising of observing the consequences of a

running framework without presenting any unique test data. It is done by
the testing group.

Accessibility Testing

 The purpose of this type of testing is to decide whether the contents of

the site can be effectively located by the disabled individuals. Different
checks, for example, the font size for visually disabled, color contrasts
for partially blind individuals, clear and crisp content that is not at all
difficult to read and comprehend.

Penetration Testing

 The testing technique which assesses the security of a computer network

or system by reenacting an attack from a malignant source. Generally,
they are led by particular penetration testingorganizations.

Ramp Testing

 The type of testing comprising of raising an information flag consistently

to the point that the framework collapse. It might be led by the
performance engineer or team of testers.

Back-end Testing

 Also known as Database Testing. In this type of testing at whenever point a

data or an input is entered on front-end application, it saves in the database
and the testing of such database. In back-end testing method GUI isn’t
included, software testers are specifically associated with the database with
legitimate access and they can without much stress confirm data by running
a couple of inquiries on the database.

 Database testing includes testing of the schema, data structure, table

structure, stored methodology, etc.

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API Testing

 API testing is a sort of testing that resemble unit testing. All of the Software
APIs are tested according to API term. This testing is majorly performed by
testing group unless APIs to be tested are complex and necessities broad
coding. It needs the understanding of API functionality and having great
coding abilities.

Agile Testing

 The agile testing is a testing technique that obliges agile programming

development approach and practices. Testing is a vital factor of software
advancement in an agile development environment and is done alongside
coding. This type of testing permits iterative and incremental coding and
testing.

Context Driven Testing

 It is a type of an Agile Testing procedure that supports the consistent and

inventive assessment of test cases as per the potential data uncovered and the
estimation of that data to the company at a particular time. It is normally
conducted by Agile testing groups.

Boundary Value Testing (BVT)

 In this testing procedure, testing is done broadly to verify errors at the

boundary conditions. Boundary Value Testing method depends on the notion
of – defects aggregates at boundaries.

Automated Testing

 This is a testing methodology that uses testing tools and additional

programming to run the experiments utilizing customized development test
utilities or software. The majority of the automated tools give capture and
playback ease, nonetheless, there are tools that need writing broad scripting
or programming to mechanize test cases.

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Comparison Testing

 Comparison of software’s quality and shortcomings with its old versions or

other comparative software is named as Comparison Testing.

Age Testing

 Type of software testing technique which assesses a framework’s capacity to

perform in future. The assessment procedure is directed by the team of
testers.

Basis Path Testing

 It is a type of software testing system which determines a logical model of a

procedural design and uses this as a guide for characterizing an essential
arrangement of execution paths. It is utilized by testing members when
describing test cases.

Benchmark Testing

 Benchmark testing is a testing system that employs representative sets of

data and programs designed to assess the execution of PC equipment and
program in an assigned configuration. It is done by testing groups.

Backward Compatibility Testing

 It is a kind of testing which approves whether the recently created software

or upgraded software functions adequately with the previous version of the
environment or not. It likewise functions sufficiently with data files, data
tables, data structure made by the previous version of that product.

Binary Portability Testing

 The type of testing method that tests an executable application for portability
all over framework environments and platforms more often for affirmation
to an ABI designation. It is done by the team of testers.

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Code-Driven Testing

 The testing procedure that practices testing systems, for example, xUnit, that
permit the execution of unit tests to decide if different segments of the code
are working as assumed under different conditions. It is operated by the
development groups.

Condition Coverage Testing

 This type of testing method is applied where every condition is performed

by presenting it true and false, in all of the ways at least once. It is usually
created by the Automation Testing teams.

Error Handling Testing

 This type of software testing decides the capacity of the framework to

legitimately process incorrect transactions. It is normally led by the team of
software testers.

Conversion Testing

 Testing of methods or programs used to change over data from existing

frameworks for usage in replacement frameworks. It is typically done by the
QA team.

Binary Portability Testing

 The technique that tests an executable application for transportability all

over system environments and platforms, typically for adaptation to an ABI
determination. It is led by the software testing groups.

Exploratory Testing

 This is an informal software testing type, commanded to understand the

product in the meantime searching for mistakes or application behavior that
appears non-obvious. It is generally done by manual testers, however, should

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 possibly be done by other partners as well and additionally by developers,
Business Analysts, end users etc.

Concurrency Testing

 Concurrency testing type is a multi-user testing method equipped towards

deciding the impacts of evaluating a similar application code, database
records, or module. It is generally led by performance engineers.

Formal Verification Testing

 This type of testing is a way of proving or denying the accuracy of planned

algorithms covered in a system as for a specific formal property or
specification, utilizing formal techniques for arithmetic. It is generally
conducted by QA teams.

Destructive Testing

 Destructive testing is a type of testing in which the tests are done to the
specimen’s breakdown, keeping in mind the end goal to comprehend a part’s
basic execution or material behavior under various loads.

Equivalence Partitioning

 Also known as Equivalence Class Partitioning, This test analyzes test

information into Equivalence classes as positive and negative Equivalence
classes, such characterization guarantees that both positive and negative
conditions are tested.

Dependency Testing

 A software testing type which looks at an application’s prerequisites for

previous software, initial states as well as configuration with a specific goal
to keep up legitimate functionality. It is typically done by testing groups.

Domain Testing

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 A type of white box testing strategy which includes checking that the
program acknowledges its info. It is generally led by software developers’
groups and infrequently by automation testing groups.

Fuzz Testing

Fuzz testing or fuzzing testing is a type of a software testing system that

includes testing with random or unexpected data sources. The Software is
observed for error messages that are introduced because of the input
mistakes.

Gray Box Testing

 A mix of Black Box and White Box testing strategies: testing a bit of
program against its detail yet utilizing some learning of its inside workings.
It can be achieved by either testers or development groups.

Graphical User Interface (GUI) Testing

 The goal of this GUI testing is to approve the GUI according to the business
prerequisite. The normal GUI of the application is specified in GUI mockup
screens and Detailed Design Document.

 It additionally approves the menu of the application. After choosing

distinctive menu and menu options, it approves that the page does not vary
and the alignment stays same subsequent to drifting the mouse on the menu
or sub-menu.

Globalization Testing

 This type of testing technique checks the best possible working of the
software with any of the culture settings utilizing each kind of international
information conceivable. It is done by a large group.

Monkey Testing

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 The goal of this type of testing is to check if framework or application gets
broken by giving random data. Monkey Testing is done randomly and no
experiments are scripted and it isn’t important to know about the whole
functionality of the framework.

Sanity Testing

 Sanity Testing is a type of testing that is performed to decide whether

another software variant is performing adequately to acknowledge it for a
major testing exertion or not. In case that an application is crashing for the
underlying use then the framework isn’t sufficiently steady for additional
testing. Thus, an application or a build is allocated to settle it.

Keyword-driven Testing

 This type of software testing is more of an automated software testing

approach than a sort of testing itself. Keyword driven testing is also known
as table-driven testing or action-driven testing.

Risk-based Testing

 This testing includes testing of very critical functionality, that has the
greatest influence on business and in which the possibility of failure is really
huge. The priority determination relies upon the business prerequisites, so
when priority is fixed for all functionalities then test cases are performed
first served by medium functionalities and then low priority functionalities.

 This type of testing is performed when there is inadequate time available to

test complete software and software requires being executed on time without
any lag.

Conformance Testing

 The conformance testing is a type of software testing process in which an

implementation adheres to the specification on which it relies. It is normally
conducted by the testing teams.

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Soak Testing

 Soak testing is a sort of performance testing, wherein the program is

subjected to load over a huge span of time. Soak testing may continue for
few days or sometimes for a couple of weeks. Soak testing is directed to
discover mistakes that yield in degeneration of programming execution
when preceded with utilization.

Hybrid Integration Testing

 The type of testing system which consolidates top-down and bottom-up

reconciliation procedures altogether to use advantages of this type of testing.
It is normally done by the software testing teams.

Interface Testing

 Interface testing type is needed when a product offers help for at least one
interface like “Graphical UI”, or “Application programming interface” or
“Order Line Interface” to associate with its clients or other programs.
Interfaces fill in as the medium for a product to acknowledge data from a
client and offer an output to the client.

Localization Testing

 Localization testing is a kind of testing in which software is required to

adjust to a specific area. It should support a specific region/dialect with
regards to display, accepting data to that specific locale, text style, display,
currency, date time, and so on, identified with a specific region. This type of
testing is led by software testers.

Manual-Support Testing

 The testing method that includes testing of each and every function executed
by the individuals while setting up the information and utilizing this
information from the automated framework. It is directed by the team of
software testers.

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Mode-Based Testing

 The utilization of Model-based design for executing and designing the vital
antiques to perform program testing. This testing is generally conducted by
software testing groups.

Path Testing

 It is a standard white box testing which has the objective to fulfill scope
criteria for each logical path through the software. It is normally conducted
by the development group.

Retesting

 It is a kind of software retesting that acts as a component of defect fix check.

It is led by software testers. When a tester checks the defect fix as settled,
the software tester will then test or retests a similar functionality again by
performing the experiments that were crashed before.

System Integration Testing

 As the name recommends, the center of System integration testing technique

is to test for mistakes identified with integration among various applications,
third-party vendor applications, services, and so on. It is otherwise called
SIT in short. This kind of testing is led by software testing team.

Requirement Testing

 The testing method which approves that the requirements are right,
unambiguous, complete, and logically reliable and permits planning a
fundamental and adequate arrangement of test cases from those necessities.
It is performed by QA team.

Statement Testing

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 A type of White box testing which fulfills the criterion that every statement
in a software is executed minimum once amid program testing. It is
generally conducted by the software development team.

Structural Testing

 It is also a type of white box testing method which considers the inside
structure of a component or a framework and guarantees that every program
statement plays out its proposed work. It is generally done by the software
developers.

Documentation Testing

 Documentation testing technique is performed to approve the documented

artifacts, for example, test design, requirements, traceability matrix, and test
cases.

Loop Testing

 Loop testing is a type of white box testing system which is to approve an

alternate sort of loops, for example, simple loops, concatenated loops, nested
loops, and unstructured loops.

Configuration Testing

 The configuration testing type is the method of testing an application with

all of the supported software and hardware configurations to see if the
application can work with no issues.

Bucket Testing

 The bucket testing is a strategy to look at two versions of an application to

distinguish from each other and to figure out which one works better.

Thread Testing

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 A variety of top-down software testing strategy where the dynamic
integration of segments accompanies the use of subsets of the necessities. It
is typically implemented by the team of software testers.

Reliability Testing

 In this type of testing technique test is performed on the application

ceaselessly for a long time with a specific goal to confirm the resistance of
the application.

Installation Testing

 Installation type of software testing is used to check whether the application

is effectively installed and it is functioning as supposed to be after
installation.

 Failover testing is a type of testing method that approves a framework’s

capacity to have the potential to assign additional asset while the server
crash and transferring of the handling part to backup systems.

Workflow Testing

 A Scripted end-to-end testing strategy copies particular work processes

which are relied upon to be used by the end-user. Typically led by
software testing groups.

What is The Use of Different Types of Software Testing?

 Normally software engineers, developers, testers, QA teams working in

applications or system advancement, analyze first the requirements of the
product and user. Later they design, build, test, and manage PC
applications systems or software to address the issues.
 As the Quality of Product is promptly turning into a vital competitive
concern thus, Software Testing is the best procedure to verify the quality
of the product and give information about the product going through the

Janta Polytechnic Jahangirabad, Bulandshahr-203391

 test. It’s a procedure of checking product requirements and approving
assigned prerequisites. Software testing is comprehensively about giving
information to partners about the quality of the product.

Do We Use all Types of Software Testing in Every Project?

 The quality of the software can be characterized by its functionality, ease

of use, usability, productivity, practicality, and mobility and based on the
elements of software testing type.
 In any case, all types of testing are not utilized as a part of all the
projects. There are elective definitions or procedures utilized in various
companies, yet the fundamental idea is same all over the place.
Therefore, these testing types, techniques, and their execution methods
continue evolving as and when the prerequisites, projects, and scope
vary.

Conclusion

 Software engineers, developers, QA teams, and testers apply the

standards and strategies of software engineering, computer science, and
mathematical analysis to the plan, advancement, testing, and assessment
of the product and the frameworks that empower software to play out
their real functions.
 There is a tremendous domain of software testing technologies that are
thoroughly taking control to provide better administrations to engineers
where they can do considerably more. New software testing tools and
technologies are spread at an alarming pace. Demand for the advancing
abilities of software developers makes a domain where it can be hard to
discover the skill to deal with the requirements of a product development
venture. There are the more potential scope of testing abilities and
opportunities to seek after than before.
 Every type of software testing has its own particular advantages,
disadvantages, and features too. One test to finding out about software

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testing type is that there are numerous terms in the business, and these terms
are frequently utilized differently.

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