4 Ratio and Proportion H

- 19x23 - 3
=

Points to Remember: = 2:3

(iii) 52, 78

1
Ratio:

1
Solution:

Comparison of two quantities by division is 52

Ratio of 52 to 78 = 218
called ratio, i.e. stating first quantity is how 78

2
many times that of the second one. - 26x3 - ²/3

1
Properties of ratio: = 2:3

1
(a) The ratio ofa to b is written as a :b or . Here is (2) Find the reduced form of the ratio of the first

(first term) is called predecessor and b (second quantity to second quantity.

term) is called successor.
(i) 700 *, 308 *
(b) If a ratio having second term 100 then such ratio
Solution:
is called percentage.
Ratio of 700 to 308 * = 700
308
(c) If both the terms of a ratio are multiplied or
1 divided by a non zero number, then the ratio
=
28x25-2520
11 11

remains unchanged. = 25: 11

(d) Two quantities of the ratio mustbeofthe samekind (ii) 14, 12 and 40 paise
and the units ofmeasurement must be the same.
Solution:

(e) A ratio has no unit, it is simply a number.

1

14 14 × 100 [1 = 100 paise]

I

Proportion:
= 1400 paise
When the numbers a, b, c, d are in
=

12 40 paise = 12 × 100 + 40 [1* = 100 paise]

1
proportion.
= 1240 paise
1400
Ratio of 1400 paise to 1240 1240
MASTER KEY QUESTION SET - 4 140 4 x 35
= =

124 4x31
35
PRACTICE SET 4.1 (Textbook Page No. 61) = =
35:31
31

(iii) 5 litre, 2500 ml

(1) From the following pairs of numbers, find the
reduced form of ratio of first number to second Solution:

number. 5 litre 5 x 1000 ml (1 l = 1000 ml)

(i) 72,60 = 5000 ml

Solution: Ratio of 5000 ml to 2500 ml

72 5000 50
Ratio of 72 to 60 = = =

60 2500 25

- 12x6 - 1/105
6

릎
=

5 = 2:1

=6:5 (iv) 3 years 4 months, 5 years 8 months

(ii) 38,57 Solution:

Solution: 3 years 4 months = 3 × 12 +4

Ratio of 38 to 57 = 38 [1 year = 12 months]
57
= 40 months

(60)