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Unit- 2
NATURAL RESOURCES
Dr.S.Srilalitha
Professor of Chemistry
Natural Resources
Renewable Resources
Non-renewable Resources
Those resources which once gone have very little chance of recovery or
resynthesis are called non-renewable resources. Examples of non-
renewable resources are coal, minerals, and petroleum.
Forest Resources
•They provide a variety of edible products for human beings and animals.
•Mining
•Shifting cultivation
Importance of Water
Ground Water
Surface Water
•Water logging
•Subsidence
Advantages of Dams
•Irrigation
•Production of electricity
•Promotion of navigation
•Recreation
•Control of floods
Types of Minerals
• Agricultural crops
• Livestock
• Fish
World Food Problems
•Insufficient production
•Geographical conditions
•Lack of rainfall
•Population growth
•Natural hazards
Regions enriched with canals and dams for irrigation are more prone
to water logging which increases the accumulation of salt in the
water-logged areas.
Effects of Water-Logging
• Excess fertilizer from agricultural fields finds its way into ponds,
lakes and rivers through run-off from water from the fields.
These run-off fertilizers speed up the growth of algae in the
pond, lake and river waters. This phenomenon is known as
eutrophication.
• Most pesticides are not very specific and kill many non-target organisms as
well.
• Pesticides adversely affect harmless species such as frogs, snakes, and birds,
which are natural pest-control mechanisms.
• Pesticides from agricultural lands run down with rain water and enter local
streams or lakes.
• Pesticides are retained in soil, and get concentrated in crops, vegetables, cereals,
and fruits leading to bio-magnification; the magnified levels of toxins then enter
the human body and cause serious damage.
Effects of Overgrazing
•Solar Energy
•Wind Energy
•Tidal Energy
•Geothermal Energy
•Coal
•Nuclear energy
Land Resources
•Urbanization
•Deforestation
•Overgrazing
•Overgrazing by cattle
•Desertification of land
•Contour bunding
•Vegetative bunds
•Strip cropping
•Terracing
•Control of overgrazing
•Unfavorable climate
•Forest Conservation
Plant a large number of trees
Make equitable use of forest and forest products
•Water Conservation
Repair leakages
Save water in agriculture and domestic activities
Adopt rainwater harvesting techniques
•Land Conservation
Do not dump agricultural, industrial, and domestic waste on land
•Sustainable Food
Adopt vegetarian food habits
.
Use unpackaged food items such as vegetables and dry beans instead of canned
or packaged food