1.

Which of these methods can prevent erosion

*a. planting of trees

b. mining of sand
c. felling of trees
d. all of the above

2. A natural resource can be said to be actual and _______

a. Actual
b. Compared
*c. Potential
d. None of the above

3. Based on Origin there are _______ types of resources.

a. Two
b. Three
*c. Four
d. Five

4. Based on Renewability there are _______ types of resources.

a. One
b. Four
c. Five
*d. Two

5. Crude oil can be said to be non-renewable because ________

a. It is not fossil fuel

*b. the rate of formation is very slow
c. they are organic
d. they are inflammable

6. Metallic minerals like diamond and gold can be used through ______

a. counting
b. sowing
c. shaking
*d. recycling 

7. The plantain free renews itself through _______

a. the leaves
b. fruit
*c. suckers
 d. none of the above

8. How many types of resources are there based on development?

a. two
*b. one
c. three
d. ten

9. Actual resources are those that have been _____ and are in ____ by
man.

*a. identified, use

b. identified, destroyed
c. identified, to be used
d. none of the above

10. Examples of energy resources are _______

a. nuclear
b. fossil fuel
c. water
*d. all of the above

11. According to Allen and Leonard (1966) natural resources can be

classified into _______  *a. three  
b. five  
c. four 
d. two
 
12._______ is an example of an inexhaustible resource

a. air
b. water
c. carbon dioxide
*d. all of the above

12. Oxygen is about ____% of the atmosphere

a. 5
b. 10
c. 15
*d. 20

13. Carbon dioxide is about _____% of the atmosphere

*a. 0.3-0.4
 b. 5
c. 3
d. 0.5-2

14. Plants use up ________ during photosynthesis?

a. Nitrogen
b. Oxygen
*c. Carbon dioxide
d. Neon

15. About what % of the internal medium of living organisms is water?

a. 20
b. 30
*c. 70
d. 75

16. What % of the earth’s surface is water?

*a. 70
b. 75
c. 60
d. 65

17. Which of these is not a function of the soil _______ 

a. filtering water
b. providing nourishment
c. habitat for plants
*d. spewing out fire

18. Which of these vegetation types is not in Nigeria?

a. Savannah
b. Desert
c. Tropical forest
*d. Chaparral

19. The definition of natural resources can be based on _______

a. Business
b. Geography
c. Economies
*d. All of the above
20. Which of these is a major threat to fish resources?

a. tide
b. seasons
*c. over-fishing
d. lack of fisher folks

21. Which of these is a major threat to wildlife?

*a. habitat destruction

b. planting of trees
c. game farming
d. all of the above

22. For Human resources there are ____ major aspects

*a. 3
b. 4
c. 2
d. none of the above

23. Which of this is an aspect of all humans ________

a. spiritual 
b. physical
c. mental
*d. all of the above

24. Population density is _______ where there is an abundance of

resource

a. low
b. medium
*c. high
d. fair

25. The largest impact on natural resources is from the activities of

______

a. wildlife
b. fish
c. fossil fuel
*d. man

26. In sustainable use of natural resources “use of renewable resources

should, not ________ the rate of its regeneration
 a. equal
*b. exceed
c. be lower
d. none of the above
 
28._____ can be used to manage natural resources
*a. conservation 
b. deforestation  
c. overfishing 
d. hunting

27. Two forms of Energy resources are _____ and _____

*a. Renewable and non-renewable

b. recycling and reforming
c. regeneration and restoration
d. Renewal and recycling

28. Solar energy can be converted to other forms of energy like

________

*a. Electricity
b. sunlight
c. Hydropower
d. Wind power

29. Renewable energy resources include _________

a. water (hydro-power)
b. Biomass
c. Solar
*d. all of the above

30. The importance of forests include _________

a. Habitats to most species of land plants and animals

b. home to many indigenous people
c. regulation of local and global climate
*d. all of the above
 

31. Science is _________

*a. a changing body of knowledge

b. a body of knowledge
c. unchanging body of knowledge  (d) all of the above
d. none of the above
32. Science is a knowledge obtained through _______

a. logic and reasoning

*b. experimentation and observation
c. unchanging scientific processes
d. all of the above
e. none of the above

33. Steps of scientific methods are ____

a. research, observation, hypotheses, experimentation and

conclusion
b. observation, research, experimentation, hypotheses and
conclusion
c. experimentation, hypotheses, research, observation and
conclusion
*d. observation, research, hypotheses, experimentation and
conclusion
e. none of the above

34. The following are fields of science except_________

a. Ecology
b. Seismology
c. Geography
d. Astrophysics
*e. none of the above

35. The following are biological science except _______

a. Ecology
b. Genetics
c. Anatomy
*d. none of the above

36. Empiricism as a scientific attitude implies _______

a. things are not taken for granted

*b. scientists prefer to look and see
c. cause and effect underlie everything
d. none of the above

37. Precision refers to _______

a. a believe that problems have solutions

*b. scientists are very exact and very picky
c. willing to change opinion  and position based on new data
 d. an understanding that all knowledge has tolerance limits

38. The following are physical science EXCEPT ________

a. Acoustics
b. plasma
c. computational
*d. all of the above 

39. Skepticism as a scientific attitude implies ________

*a. things are not taken for granted

b. scientists prefer to look and see
c. cause and effect underlie everything
d. none of the above

40. Loyalty to reality refers ____

a. a believe that problems have solutions scientists are very

exact and very picky
*b. willing to change opinion and position based on new data
c. an understanding that all knowledge has tolerance limits
d. a believe that solutions must come

41. Parsimony refers to the fact that scientists prefer the simple
explanations to the complex problems

*a. True
b. False

42. Technology can be seen as the application of science especially to

industrial or commercial objectives

*a. True
b. False

43. A body of knowledge available to a society that is of use in

fashioning implements, practicing manual arts and skills is ________

a. Engineering
*b. Technology
c. Science
d. Sociology

44. People’s use of technology began with the conversion of natural

resources into simple tools
 *a. True
b. False

45. Mathematics is a science subject

*a. True
b. False

46. Mathematics is a scientific tool

*a. True
b. False

47. Science and religion do not conflict

a. True
*b. False

48. The following are contributions of science to technology EXCEPT

______

a. new knowledge which serves as direct source of ideas

b. creation of knowledge base
*c. electronic or digital products
d. refinement of new technologies

49. New knowledge which serves as direct source of ideas is a science

contribution to technology

*a. True
b. False

50. Science is a direct source of new _______

a. innovation
b. development
*c. technology
d. industrialization

51. Science and technology have no meaning except in its relation to

_______

a. the industry
b. the society
c. a nation
 *d. meeting the needs of the society 

52. The contact of science and industries started with association of

______

a. Einstein
b. Plato
*c. Galileo
d. Doppler with the engineers of Arsenal

53. The second industrial revolution took place between

*a. 1850-1914
b. 1960-1973
c. 1960-1989
d. 1914-1945

54. The first set of countries to adapt to industrial revolution were

_______

*a. Great Britain, Western Europe, and USA

b. Japan, France and Austria
c. USA, France and Western Europe
d. Canada, USA and Mexico

55. The first atomic explosion took place in ______

a. 1845
b. 1914
*c. 1945
d. 1925

56. The American star war program was initiated by Ronald Reagan’s
administration  between _________

*a. 1981-1989
b. 1989-1997
c. 1973-1981
d. 1981-1985.

57. The following are natural weapons EXCEPT _______

a. Biological weapon
b. Chemical weapon
c. Nuclear weapon
*d. Naval weapon
58. The major problems involved in the issue of energy sources and
options are _______

*a. the feasibility of the technology capable of safety operation

of energy systems
b. the availability energy sources
c. the technology of operations
d. the man power of harnessing the available sources

59. Thermonuclear fusion is a type of energy source from ________

a. the ocean waves

*b. the stars
c. fossil fuel
d. water energy

60. Fossil fuel is energy sourced from ______

*a. crude oil

b. the sun
c. petrol
d. photocell

61. Solar energy is energy from ________

a. the stars
b. the plants
c. coal gas
*d. the sun

62. Nuclear energy source is from _____

*a. splitting of atomic nuclei

b. decayed plants and debris
c. coal tar and coke
d. atomic explosions

63. Water energy is energy from_______

a. laminar flows
b. flowing streams
*c. falling water
d. ocean currents

64. Potential energy is energy a body has a result of its_______

 a. motion
b. speed
c. acceleration
*d. position

65. Kinetic energy is energy a body possesses by the virtue of

its______

*a. velocity
b. position
c. size
d. geometry

66. Electrical energy is energy obtained from_______

a. the flow of light

b. flow of particles
*c. flow of electric current
d. flow of electric resistance

67. The S.I. Unit measurement of electric current is ________

a. ohms
b. volts
c. coulomb
*d. Amperes

68. The S.I. Unit measurement of electric resistance is ______

*a. volts
b. coulombs
c. joules
d. watts

69. Allaby (1979) defined the environment as the physical, chemical and
________ conditions surrounding an organism

a. natural
b. organic
*c. Biotic
d. atmospheric

70. One of these is not a component of the biosphere _______

a. Lithosphere
*b. Nanosphere
c. Atmosphere
 d. Hydrosphere

71. Which of these is the purest form of water?

a. Lake
b. Spring
*c. Rain
d. River

72. All of the following are components of Acid rain except?

*a. Soot
b. Sulphur oxides
c. Water vapour
d. Sunlight

73. Fossil fuel and automobiles are responsible for about ___% of air
pollution?

a. 60
b. 70
c. 80
*d. 90

74. An example of human air pollution is __________

a. Radioactivity
*b. Gas flaring
c. Forest fire
d. Volcanic eruption

75. Air pollution cannot cause one of the following diseases?

a. Bronchitis
*b. Meningitis
c. Heart disease
d. Lung cancer

76. One of the following is not an input control method in air

pollution?

*a. Use more energy

b. Reduce waste
c. Encourage renewable form of energy
d. Restrict population
77. Global warming may sometimes be called ______?

a. Ozone layer depletion

b. Climate change
*c. Greenhouse effect
d. Air pollution

78. The most common gas that account for global warming is _______?

a. Methane
b. Ozone
*c. Carbon dioxide
d. Nitrogen oxides

79. How many countries were involved in the International Conference on

the Changing Atmosphere?

a. 42
b. 44
c. 46
*d. 48

80. The International Conference on the Changing Atmosphere was held in

_____

a. 1968
b. 1978
*c. 1988
d. 1998

81. The changes in ice cap causes an increase in _______

a. Wind
b. Erosion
*c. Flooding
d. Volcanic eruption

82. Which sphere in the atmosphere is ozone found?

a. Troposphere
b. Ionosphere
*c. Stratosphere
d. Mesosphere

83. How many atoms of oxygen make up the ozone gas?

a. 1
 b. 2     
*c. 3
d. 4

84. What is the colour of the ozone gas?

a. Green
b. Black
*c. Blue
d. Brown

85. Which continent was an early victim of ozone destruction?

a. Africa
b. Asia
*c. Antarctica
d. South America

86. The main cause of ozone layer depletion is __________

a. Bush burning
*b. Chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) Emission
c. Uranium explosion
d. Oil spillage

87. Who discovered CFC?

*a. Thomas Midgley

b. James Hansen
c. E.O. Wilson
d. Howard & Remson

88. The first casualties in the ocean from ozone layer depletion are
_________

*a. phytoplanktons
b. zooplanktons
c. fish
d. whales

89. Another name for rangeland is ___________

a. Desert environment
b. Forest land
*c. Grassland
d. Mountainous region
90. A total of ________ nations agreed to reduce usage of CFC in the
Montreal Protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer

*a. 30
b. 35
c. 40
d. 45

91. The Amazon forest is found in what continent of the world?

a. Africa
b. Asia
c. North America
*d. South America

92. One of these states in Nigeria is not included in the forest

belt______

a. Ogun
b. Delta
c. Imo
*d. Kogi

93. How many types of waste do you have?

a. 2
*b. 3
c. 3
d. 4

94. One of the following is not an example of municipal waste _____

*a. Cannery waste

b. Lawn clippings
c. Sewage
d. Hospital waste

95. How many types of municipal wastes categories do we have?

a. 2
*b. 3
c. 4
d. 5

96. One of the following is not included in industrial waste?

 *a. Construction waste
b. Mining waste
c. Chemical sludge
d. Food waste

97. Biodegradable pollutants are readily seen in what kind of waste?

a. Municipal waste
b. Commercial waste
c. Industrial waste
*d. Agricultural waste

98. ______ is the most common form of solid waste?

*a. Littering
b. Illegal dumping
c. Leeching
d. Crop waste

99. Notable human diseases associated with solid waste include all but
one of the following?

a. Dysentery
*b. Whooping cough 
c. Trichinosis
d. Anthrax

100. One of these states in Nigeria is likely not to be affected by

desert encroachment?

a. Zamfara
b. Kano
*c. Kaduna
d. Yobe

101. ____ is a disposal method that involves combustion of waste

material.

a. Landfill
b. Dumpsites
*c. Incinerators
d. Burrow pit 

102. The gaseous by-products of landfills are composed of _______ and

_______?

a. Methane, carbon monoxide

 *b. methane, carbon dioxide
c. methane, nitrogen oxides
d. methane, sulphur oxides

103. Incinerators cannot convert waste materials into one of the

following?

a. Gas
b. Steam
*c. Heavy metals
d. Ash

104. Pyrolysis and gasification are related to ___________ treatment of

waste?

a. Biological
b. Chemical
c. Physical
*d. Thermal

105. Char is another name for _______ residues.

*a. Solid
b. Gaseous
c. Liquid
d. Thermal      

106. The proprietary collection system called Envac is mostly common in

_______

a. Africa
b. Asia
*c. Europe
d. South America

107. Curbside collection method is most common in which country?

*a. Canada
b. Australia
c. Ireland
d. Germany

108. Which of these countries use open trucks and hand driven carts for
disposal?

*a. Ghana
b. France
 c. Luxemburg
d. Spain

109. The reason for Titanic ship capsize was ____________

a. Cyclones
b. Typhoons
*c. Icebergs
d. Hurricane   

110. Jungle is also referred to as _______

*a. Forest
b. Desert
c. Savannah
d. Islands

111. Which of these states in Nigeria received the flood last in 2012?

a. Delta
b. Rivers
*c. Bayelsa
d. Ondo

112. _______ is the gradual removal of the soil from the surface of the
earth?

a. Leaching
b. Tsunami
*c. Erosion
d. Land slide  

113. One of the following is not a natural disaster________

*a. Deforestation
b. Earth quake
c. Volcanic Eruption
d. Wildfire
 

114. Thales of Miletus (624 – 560 BC), a Pre-Socratic Greek

philosopher, mathematician and astronomer from Miletus in Asia Minor
(current day Milet in Turkey) is associated with the science of

a. Physics
b. Chemistry
c. Biology
 *d. Mathematics

115. The history of modern chemistry can be taken to begin with the
distinction of chemistry from alchemy by Robert Boyle in his work, The
Sceptical Chymist in ______

*a. 1661
b. 1771
c. 1665
d. 1764

116. Studies have shown that serendipity has played an important role
in the development of science. The word Serendipity
here means _______

a. Scientific discovery
b. Scientific theory
*c. Accidental discovery
d. Intentional discovery

117. The theory of earthquakes was formulated by ______

a. Nicolas Steno
*b. Robert Hooke
c. Alfred Wegner
d. Albert Einstein

118. Linus Pauling’s work on The Nature of Chemical Bond, which used
the principles of quantum mechanics to deduce bond angles in ever-more
complicated molecules, culminated in the physical modeling of DNA, the
secret of life (in the words of Francis Crick, 1953). DNA means________

a. Difunctional Nucleic Artery

b. Dinuclear Atom
c. Dutch National Assembly
d. Decarboxylated Nucleic Acid
*e. Deoxyribonucleic Acid

119. The history of science dates back to________

a. Stone Age
b. Bronze Age
c. Antiquity
d. All of the above
*e. None of the above

120. Oxygen was originally called dephlogisticated air by _______

 *a. Joseph Priestley
b. J. J. Becher
c. Robert Boyle
d. Antoine Lavoisier

121. _______ is attributed with the synthesis of urea

*a. Friedrich Wöhler

b. Dmitri Mendeleev
c. Albert Einstein
d. John Priestley
e. John Dalton

122. The drugs of the sulfonamide group, penicillin and other

antibiotics were discovered by ___________

a. Hippocrates of Cos
b. Empedocles
c. Alcmaeon
*d. Pasteur
d. Alchemy

123. Air contains _______

a. 32 % Oxygen
b. 31 % Oxygen
c. 23 % Oxygen
d. 16 % Oxygen
*e. 21% Oxygen

124. The science and art of obtaining and working with metals is known
as______

a. Archaeology
b. Brewing
c. Meteorology
*d. Metallurgy
e. Mineralogy

125. Gold was one of the first metals used because it is found in
nature in an uncombined metallic state. Copper, which is more abundant,
was not used until _____

a. 1500 BC
b. 1500 AD
*c. 3500 BC
d. 2700 BC
 e. 650 AD

126. The logic that nature was made up of “four elements” was proposed
by:

a. Aristotle
*b. Empedocles and Anaximander
c. Anaximander
d. Descartes and Priestley
e. Einstein

127. When carbon (from the coal) is involved in the reaction between
the oxygen (from the air), the product of the reaction is a gaseous
substance called _________

a. Carbon Monoxide
b. Carbon disulphide
*c. Carbon dioxide
d. None of the above
e. All of the above

128. In 1803, the law of mass relationships was formulated by_______

a. Friedrich Wöhler
b. Albert Einstein
c. Dmitri Mendeleev
d. Isaac Newton
*e. None of the above

129. _______ propounded the heliocentric system that the planets move
around the sun

a. Aristarchus of Samos
b. Isaac Newton
*c. Nicolaus Copernicus
d. Hippocrates of Cos
e. None of the above

130. The process of isolating specific microorganisms, which soured

wine and milk and discovery that they could be killed by heating the
wine or milk up to 600C is known as ___

a. Incineration
*b. Pasteurization.
c. Putrefaction
d. Microbial isolation
 
133.________ originated the particles of dissecting animal bodies
 discovered the optic nerve and the Eustachian tube of the ear and
learnt that the brain is the center of the nervous system.
*a. Alcmaeon
b. Anaximander
c. Aristotle
d. None of the above

131. The theory of Quantum Mechanics was formulated in 1925 by_____

a. Galileo and Kepler

b. Copernicus
c. Wöhler and Schrödinger
*d. Werner Heisenberg and Erwin Schrödinger
e. Max Planck, Albert Einstein, Niels Bohr and others

132. Chenobyl accident – a large scale exposure to high doses of

ionizing radiation occurred in ____

a. 1945
b. 1920
c. 1902
*d. 1986

133. The 17th century saw a modest rise of the biological sciences.
Biology would not have progressed without the microscope to open up the
unsuspected realms of minute invisible organisms called _______

*a. Microorganism
b. Macroorganisms
c. Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes
d. All of the above
e. None of the above

134. The use of antibiotics in medicine was revolutionized by the work

of_____

a. Empedocles
b. Aristotle
*c. Pasteur
d. None of the above
e. All of the above

135. The most plausible scientific way of either validating or

invalidating a theory is by ___

a. Observation
b. Experimentation
*c. Prediction
 d. All of the above
e. None of the above

136. John Dalton’s theory in 1903 took _________ years to settle as

proven

*a. 100 years

b. 50  years
c. 10 years
d. 25 years
e. 75 years

137. Most investigations in science start with _____

a. Prediction
*b. Observation
c. Appreciation
d. None of the above

138. A concise verbal statement or a mathematical equation that

summarizes a broad variety of observation and experience is known as
______

*a. a scientific law

b. an evidence
c. a prediction
d. a scientific result
e. a scientific observation

139. Antoine Lavoisier was

*a. a French nobleman

b. an English merchant
c. a Greek philosopher
d. a German scientist
e. a Nigerian scientist

140. James Hutton (1726 – 1797), a Scottish geologist, physician,

chemical manufacturer, naturalist, and experimental agriculturalist
originated the theory of a fundamental principle of geology described
as_____

a. the theory of the Earth’s crust

b. the theory of Modern Geology
c. the theory of uniformitarianism,
*d. All of the above
e. None of the above.
141. The science and art of obtaining and working with metals is known
as _____

a. Archeology
b. Brewing
c. Meteorology
*d. Metallurgy
e. Mineralogy

142. Chinese Shen Kua (1031 – 1095) was the first to formulate
hypothesis for the process of

*a. Land formation

b. Water formation
c. Rock formation
d. All of the above

143. Which of the following is reserved for studies designed to

discover facts ______

a. knowledge
b. common sense
c. science
*d. research
e. truth.

144. Steps in scientific studies include all except ______

a. problem identification
b. data collection
*c. judgement
d. data analysis
e. conclusion.

145. The following are merits of literature review except ______

a. sharpens  researchers focus

b. enables the use of library facilities
*c. makes difficult identification of research problem
d. provides research foundation
e. broadens researcher’s view point.

146. A relational statement between two variables is called ______

a. theory fact
b. fact
c. guess
 *d. hypothesis
e. law.

147. The method of assigning numerical values to categories of verbal

responses is called _________

a. transformation
*b. quantification
c. Analysis
d. documentation
e. interpretation

148. Which of the following is not true of traditional societies ______

a. existed about 400 years ago

*b. no evidence of science and technology
c. inability to invent writing to document knowledge
d. knowledge was passed down by oral tradition
e. none of the above.

149. One of the following is not a merit of science and technology

_____

a. invitro fertilization
b. improvement is space travel
c. production of drugs and therapeutic agents
*d. Pollution
e. production of synthetic vaccines

150. Main classes of food are ________ in number?

a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
*d. 6
e. 5

151. The following are polysaccharides EXCEPT ________

a. cellulose
b. chitin
c. raffinose
*d. starch
e. glycogen

152. The science of food values which also deals with the nature, type,
composition and properties of food is called _____
 *a. nutrition
b. feeding
c. anabolism
d. catabolism
(e) metabolism.

153. Proteins are the principal constituents of the following except

_______

a. skin
b. hair
c. hormones
d. blood
*e. amino acid

154. Non-enzymatic proteins have the following functions except

*a. catalytic
b. storage
c. protective
d. transport
e. structural as in glycoproteins

155. Which of these is a simple and basic protein ______

a. albumin
*b. histones
c. metalloprotein
d. scleroprotein
e. prolamines

156. Naturally re-occurring amino acids of proteins are ______ in

number and essential amino acids for adults are _______ in number
respectively.

*a. 20 and 8
b. 20 and 10
c. 10 and 20
d. 10 and 8
e. none of the above

157. In amino acid structure, R – group distinguishes one amino acid

from the other

a. false
*b. true
c. more information needed
 d. A and C above
e. B and C above

158. How many letter language is each amino acid denoted?

a. 5
b. 4
c. 2
d. 6
*e. 3

159. The following are essential amino acids EXCEPT _______

a. valine
b. lysine
c. histidine
*d. glycine
e. tryptophan

160. Heterotropic nutrition include the following except _______

a. holozoic
*b. photosynthesis
c. parasitic
d. saprophytic
e. none of the above

161. The bonds which link amino acids together to form proteins are
called _____

a. glycosidic bonds
b. phosphodiester bonds
*c. Peptidebonds
d. none of the above
e. all the above

162. Unsaturated fatty acids that are good for nutrition include the
following acids EXCEPT ___

a. oleic
b. linoleic
*c. palmitic
d. arachidonic
e. linolenic

163. Lipids perform the following functions EXCEPT______

 a. insulation of the body
b. source of energy
c. provision of essential fatty acids
*d. source of water-soluble vitamins
e. industrial manufacture of soaps and margarine

164. High fat diet results in the following EXCEPT _____

a. obesity
b. hypolipidemia
*c. hyperlipidemia
d. artheroschlerosis
e.  hypertenision

165. Proteins contain the following EXCEPT __________

a. nitrogen
b. hydrogen
c. oxygen
*d. Potassium
e. carbon

166. One of the following is not an amino acid.

a. glutamic acid
b. aspartic acid
*c. oleic acid
d. methionine
e. histidine.

167. Which of the following is not a class of carbohydrate?

a. monosaccharide
*b. starch
c.
oligosaccharide 
d. disaccharide
 e. polysaccharide

168. Which of the following is not a carnivorous organism?

a. butterwort
*b. man
c. venue fly-trap
d. cat
e. bladder wort

169. One of the following is not true?

 a. ectoparasite lives on the skin of its host
b. saprophytes feed on dead organic matter
c. a parasite may kill its host and feed on it
*d. mammals are liquid feeders
e. pythons inject food whole and digestion lasts for weeks

170. The name “vitamin” was coined in 1912 by ______

*a. Funk
b. Conak
c. Kisk
d. Eijkman
e. none of the above.

171. Beriberi, which is characterized by headache, loss of appetite,

constipation, vomiting and fatigue is due to deficiency of vitamin
_______

a. B2                     
b. B6   
*c. B1  
d. B12  
e. B5

172. One of the following is not a fat-soluble vitamin _________

a. vitamin A
b. vitamin E
c. vitamin D
*d. vitamin C
e. vitamin K

173. Pernicious anaemia and poor growth in chicken is due to deficiency

of ________

*a. Vitamin B12

b. vitamin B6
c. vitamin B5
d. vitamin K
e. vitamin D

174. The vitamin which protects against black tongue disease in dogs
and brain/nervous lesions in man is ________

a. vitamin B2
 b. vitamin H
*c. nicotinic acid
d. Vitamin C
e. Vitamin B1.

175. Major minerals include the following EXCEPT______

a. calcium
b. magnesium
c. sodium
d. chlorine
*e. iron.

176. The following are trace minerals, EXCEPT _______

a. copper
b. manganese
c. iron
d. zinc
*e. phosphorous

177. Which of the following minerals is required for proper bone and
teeth formation?

a. potassium
*b. calcium
c. lead
d. manganese
e. cobalt

178. The following protects against lead toxicity except_______

a. ascorbic acid
b. selenium
c. tocopherol
*d. Arsenic
e. calcium

179. All the following are toxic minerals not required in human
nutrition except_______

a. aluminium
b. mercury
*c. zinc
d. lead
e. cadmium
180. The mineral which promotes red blood cell formation is ________

*a. copper
b. cobalt
c. chlorine
d. molybdenum
e. fluorine.

181. Which vitamin enables one to adapt to dim light?

a. vitamin K
b. vitamin E
*c. vitamin A
d. vitamin B6
e. vitamin B12

182. Which of the following is incorrect?

a. products of technology are useful to man

b. no technology without science
c. technology is transferred
*d. technology is not transferred
e. products of technology are transferred to developing countries

183. Iodine reacts with starch to give a colour that is _____

a. green
b. dark-brown
*c. blue-black
d. red-violet
e. purple

184. Which of the following is not involved in the equation for

photosynthesis?

a. water
b. glucose
c. oxygen
*d. ammonia
e. carbon (iv) oxide

185. Deficiency of protein in diet results in _____

a. marasmus
*b. kwashiorkor
c. pellagra
d. anaemia
e. none of the above
186. Which of the following is mostly required by women of child-
bearing age?

a. calcium
b. zinc
*c. iron
d. cobalt
e. phosphorous

187. The concept of a ‘’big bang’’ is supported by ________

*a. the observation that the stars are all moving apart from each
other
b. the presence of fossils in rocks
c. the great age of the earth
d. the theory of catastrophism

188. Our sun is ______

a. Made up of glowing iron

*b. About 5 million years old
c. Likely to shine for approximately 5 billion years more
d. All of the above

189. The planets of the solar system _____

*a. Formed about 4-1/2 billion years ago

b. Differ in composition as a function of distance from the sun
c. Formed from the same nebula as the sun
d. All of the above

190. The innermost major planets include all of the following EXCEPT
_______

a. Mercury
b. Venus
c. Earth
*d. Neptune

191. The outer major planets include all of the following EXCEPT ______

a. Pluto
b. Jupiter
c. Uranus
*d. Mars
192. The main processes which drive the hydrologic cycle include all of
the following EXCEPT _________

a. Evaporation
b. Surface runoffs
c. Percolation
*d. Ocean current

193. The atmospheric layers include all the following EXCEPT ________

*a. Metrosphere
b. Stratosphere
c. Ionosphere
d. Exosphere

194. The minor atmospheric constituents comprises all EXCEPT ______

a. Neon
b. Helium
c. Oxygen
*d. Ozone

195. The specific physical properties of mineral species include all

except _________

a. Hardness
b. Streak
c. Cleavage & fracture
*d. Mantle-stone

196. Adverse impact of rapid groundwater withdrawal include all except

__________

a. Potential surface subsidence

*b. Rock and water cycle
c. Saltwater intrusion
d. Lowering of local water table

197. The following are classes of food except _________

a. Proteins
b. Vitamins
*c. Body tissues
d. Minerals

198. Examples of oligosaccharides include _______

 *a. Stachyose
b. Sucrose
c. Maltose
d. Tetroses

199. Sources of protein include

*a. Legume seeds

b. Glycogen
c. Glycosidic tissue
d. Maltose

200. Heterocyclic amino acids include all of the following EXCEPT

_________

a. Proline
b. Histidine
c. Tryptophan
*d. Valine

201. Important body cations include _____

a. Cl
b. HCO3
*c. Ca2+
d. PO4     

202. Environmental problems include all except_____

a. Global warming
b. Acid rain
c. Ozone depletion
*d. Homeostatic equilibrium

203. Which of these is not a natural causes of air pollution?

a. Volcanic eruptions
b. Wind erosion
*c. Automobiles
d. Forest fires

204. Global warming is called _______

a. Global reality
b. Atmospheric release
 *c. Greenhouse effect
d. Global gas emission

205. One of these is a greenhouse gas _____

a. Hydrogen
b. Calcium
*c. Carbon dioxide
d. Fluoride

206. Waste is also called

a. Surge
b. Material substance
*c. Garbage
d. Zander

207. Solid wastes are categorized into any of the following EXCEPT
_______

*a. Domestic
b. Municipal
c. Agricultural
d. Industrial

208. The following human diseases are associated with solid waste
EXCEPT _______

a. Anthrax
b. Trichinosis
c. Cholera
*d. Pulmonary disorder

209. The collection, transport, processing, recycling or disposal of

waste materials is called ________

*a. Waste Management

b. Municipal Waste Care
c. Landfill Practice
d. Refuse Disposal

210. Which of the waste-to- energy recovery method is used to convert

organic materials directly into a synthetic  gas (syngas) composed of
carbon monoxide and hydrogen?

a. Thermal recycling
*b. Gasification
 c. Incineration
d. Physical reprocessing

211. Which of the following is not a field of science _____

*a. Gemstone
b. Virology
c. Entomology
d. Micropaleontology

212. Scientific methods includes the following except___

a. Hypothesis
*b. Sampling Strategy
c. Experimentation
d. Observation

213. One of the following is a basic scientific attitude ____

*a. Determinism
b. In-suspended judgment
c. Level manipulation
d. Incompatibility

214. Which of the following is a science contribution to technology ___

*a. Refinement of new technologies

b. Creation of science theory
c. Low energy sources
d. Non-conservation of energy

215. Which of these is the most efficient energy source in Nigeria

a. Nuclear energy
b. Fossil fuel
c. Water energy
*d. Solar energy

216. A situation or anything that poses a level of threat to life,

health, property or environment is called ______

a. Pollutant
b. Contaminant
*c. Hazard
d. Flammable materials
217. Which of the following is not an example of organic acids

a. Butyric acid
b. Acetic acid
c. Chloroacetic acid
*d. Chromic acid

218. Which of these is an example of flammable liquids

*a. Lightening
b. Heat
c. cigarettes
d. light bulbs

219. An example of a flammable solid is

a. Alcohol
b. Ether
*c. Wood/paper
d. Carbon monoxide

220. An air sensitive compound is

a. Toluene
b. Hexane
*c. Hydrides
d. Propane

221. Chemical toxicity can be prevented or controlled by which of these

methods ___

*a. Wearing appropriate personal protective equipment for the

compound
b. Train some personnel at intervals
c. Always be careful only when idle
d. Changing protective garments when you need to.

222. The acronym HLW means ______

a. High Level Low Waste management

b. High Frequency Waste
*c. High Level Waste
d. Low Density/High Density Waste

223. The acronym, NORM means ____

a. Normally related regular management

 *b. Naturally Occurring Radioactive material
c. Biological treatment of Research Management
d. Naturally Organized Relatively Management

224. BCE stands for what?

a. Anno Domini [In the year of Our Lord]

b. Before the year of Christian Era
c. Before Christ
*d. Before the Christian Era

225. Who is the father of modern physics

a. Isaac Newton
b. Thales of Miletus
*c. Galileo
d. John Dalton

226. Who formulated the theory of Earthquakes

a. Emmanuel Kant
*b. Robert Hooke
c. Nicholas Steno
d. John Hutton

227. Resources which are formed over long ecological periods are called
____

a. Renewable resources
*b. Non-renewable resources
c. Sustainable resources
d. Actual resources

228. Which of the following is very important to all life and is

indispensable ____

a. Carbon dioxide
b. Nitrogen
*c. Oxygen
d. Water

229. Example of irreplaceable natural resources includes all except

_____

*a. Forest
b. Coal
c. Gold
 d. Coltar

230. Based on vegetation, land can be divided into the following except
____

a. Savanna
b. Tropical forest
c. Montane
*d. Basement

231. Which of the following is a threat to wildlife ______

a. Soil moisture
*b. Habitat fragmentation/destruction
c. Saltwater intrusion
d. Modern fish farming

232. Which of these describes the management of resources for

continuous production aimed at achieving approximately a balance
between the net growth and the harvest?

a. Sustainability
b. Sustainable development
*c. Sustainable use
d. Natural resource management

233. The three major component of resource management includes the

following except ____

a. Inventory
b. Evaluation
c. Development
*d. Ecosystem sustainability

234. Which of these is not a renewable resource?

a. Geothermal
b. Hydropower
c. Biomass
*d. Uranium

235. Which energy converts sunlight directly to electricity?

a. Thermal energy
*b. Solar energy
c. Wind energy
d. Geothermal energy
236. All of these are non- living things except________

a. Copper
b. Air
c. Water
*d. Fish

237. Who proposed the theory of Continental Drift?

*a. Alfred Wegner

b. Shen Kua
c. Nicholas Steno
d. Hypocrates

238. Who is the real founder of science of Biology?

a. Philosopher Anaximander
b. Empedocles
*c. Aristotle
d. Hippocrates

239. All of these contributed to the quantum theories except ______

*a. Kepler
b. Max Planckkk
c. Niels Bohr
d. Albert Einstein

240. The father of modern chemistry is _______

a. Joseph Priestley
b. Antoine Lavoisier
*c. Dmitri Mendelev
d. Robert Boyle

241. Which parts of the body is frequently exposed body tissue to

poisons ______

*a. Skin
b. Foot
c. Mouth
d. Eyes
242. Any substance, radionuclide or radiation that is an agent directly
involved in the promotion of cancer or in the facilitation of its
propagation is called ______

a. Oxidizing agent
b. Reducing agent
*c. Carcinogen
d. Metastases

243. A substance that ignites spontaneously with autoignition

temperature less than 450 C is called ____

a. Flammable materials
b. Leakage materials
*c. Pyrophoric materials
d. Spontaneous materials

244. All are examples of corrosive gaseous emissions except_______

a. Carbon (iv) oxide

b. Nitrogen oxides
c. Sulphur (iv) oxides
*d. Oxygen

245. The major common element includes all except _____

a. Nitrogen
*b. Sulphur
c. Oxygen
d. Carbon

246. Any material that opposes the flow of electric current is

called_____

*a. an insulator
b. a potential difference
c. potential energy
d. conductor

247. The concept that deals with usage and knowledge of tools and
crafts is called____

a. Science
*b. Technology
c. Entrepreneurship
d. Nanoscience
248. The logical and rational order of steps by which scientist come to
conclusions about the world around them is termed ________

a. Technological method
*b. Scientific method
c. Reality Method
d. Development method

249. The following are types of waste except

a. Medical waste
b. Abattoir waste
*c. Sustainable waste
d. Hazardous waste

250. CFCs were discovered in the 1930s by an American Chemist called

a. James Hansen
b. George Kenneth
c. Ellen Jack
*d. Thomas Midgley

251. Global warming is called the greenhouse effect because ______

*a. The gases that are gathering above the earth make the planet
comparable to a greenhouse
b. Many gases can increase the earth’s warming
c. Many people consume more items which take more energy to make
d. Global temperature will rise by several degrees

252. The following are air pollutants except _______

a. Nitrogen oxides
b. Ozone
c. Sulphur dioxide
*d. manganese

253. The largest environmental problems now affecting the world due to
man’s activities includes all except ____

a. Global warming
*b. Smuggling and human trafficking
c. Acid rain
d. Ozone depletion

254. The resistance of a mineral to breakage is called______

 a. Lustre
*b. Tenancy
c. Magnetism
d. Streak

255. The ratio between the mass of a mineral and that of an equal
volume of water is called__

*a. Specific gravity

b. Crystallization
c. Diaphaneity
d. Taste

256. The minor constituents of the atmosphere includes the following

except____

a. Krypton
b. Ozone
*c. Oxygen
d. Methane

257. Which of these is chemically inactive?

*a. Nitrogen
b. Nitrogen oxide
c. Xenon
d. Krypton

258. An example of bottom dwelling animals include ___

*a. Snail and crab

b. Reefs
c. Nodules
d. Oozes

259. Atmospheric layers includes all except____

a. Troposphere
*b. Helosphere
c. Mesosphere
d. Ionosphere

260. The non-destructive daily motions of waves is called____

a. Continental blow
b. Circulation
*c. Tides
 d. Shoreline waves

261. The potential geologic hazard that may result from sudden slippage
along a fault zone in response to stress is called _____

a. Landslides
b. Liquefaction
c. Coastal flooding
*d. Earthquake

262. Which hypothesis suggests that the material that later formed the
sun and the planets was originally a disc shaped rotating nebula or
cloud of hot gas ___

a. Steady state hypothesis

*b. Nebula hypothesis
c. Plate tectonics hypothesis
d. Mantle theory

263. The earth is made up of the following layers except_____

*a. Mohorovicic discontinuity

b. Crust
c. Core
d. Mantle

264. Our planet has just one satellite called

a. Planet
*b. Moon
c. Sun
d. Asteroids

265. A galaxy among hundreds of billions of other galaxies which

constitute the universe is called ____

a. Meteoroids
b. Solar system
*c. Milky-way galaxy
d. Supernovae

266. Which vitamin helps to maintain normal conditional reflex and thus
ensures good mental health?

*a. Vitamin B5
b. Vitamin C
 c. Vitamin D
d. Vitamin K2

267. The systematic search for solutions to problems is called _____

a. Science
b. Technology
*c. Research
d. Scientific breakthrough

268. The most abundant food molecule for most organisms and basic
building block or precursor in most abundant polysaccharides  is ______

a. Pentoses
*b. D-glucose
c. Trioses
d. Heptoses

269. Raffinose is made up of the following

*a. Glucose, galactose and fructose

b. Sucrose, glucose and stachyose
c. Maltose, fructose and lactose
d. Sidicose, galactose and maltose

270. The basic proteins containing high amount of basic amino acids
such as arginine and lysine and are usually combined with nucleic acid
in the cells of many organisms to form nucleoproteins are called _____

a. Scleroproteins
b. Globulins
*c. Histones
d. Protamines

271. The animals which feed on animals/flesh are called ______

a. Herbivores
b. Omnivores
c. Holovores
*d. Carnivores

272. The methods of trapping the insets include the following except
_____

a. Adhesive hair in sundew

b. Folding leaves with spikes in venus trap
c. Sticky leaves in butterwort
 *d. Liquid feeder gear

273. Which organisms depend on other plants or animals for survival?

a. Saprophytic organisms
b. Endo-parasitic worms
*c. Parasitic organisms
d. Ecto-parasitic earthworms

274. Fat and oils are called___

*a. Lipids
b. Glycerol
c. Compound steroids
d. Aliphatic steroids

275. Sources of nicotinic acid include all except____

a. Egg
b. Milk
c. Liver
*d. Flavin-adenine dinucleotide

276. Flammable chemicals could be _____

*a. Liquids
b. Phenol-calcium
c. soil
d. Oxygenated cement

277. The toxic chemicals that enter the body through the lungs are
_____

*a. Gases and vapours

b. Large particulate matter
c. Solid materials
d. Fibres materials

278. Who propounded the theory that all matter is made up atoms?

a. Isaac Boyle
*b. John Dalton
c. Niels Bohr
d. Antoine Lavoisier

279. The founder of Mathematics is ____

 a. Pythagoras
b. Erwin Schrodinger
*c. Thales of Miletus
d. Werner Heisenberg

280. The first of the Greeks to show interest in Biology was ___

*a. Philosopher Anaximander

b. Aristotle
c. Pasteur
d. Thomas Burnet

281. Which theory provided a plausible mechanism and unified

explanation for a wide range of seemingly unrelated geological
phenomena?

a. Continental drift
b. Rock cycle
*c. Plate tectonics
d. Nebular theory

282. Which of these is not a component of the hydrologic cycle?

a. Evaporation
b. Infiltration
c. Transpiration
*d. Aquifers

283. Increase in human population and standard of living will hasten

the depletion of the following except____

a. Forests
b. Water
c. Minerals
*d. Rock units

284. Dates used for historical references are designated as AD or BC.

BCE therefore stands for ______

*a. Before Christian Era

b. In the Year of Our Lord Jesus Christ
c. Before Anno Domini
d. Before Anno Domini Era
285. The decay which occurs when a neutron in the nucleus spontaneously
turns into a proton, an electron, and a third particle called an
antineutrino is known as _______

a. Alpha decay
*b. Beta decay
c. Gamma decay
d. Nuclei decay

286. Radioactivity was discovered in 1896 by _____

a. Henry Darcy
b. John Pasteur
*c. Henri Becquerel
d. Friedrich Carson

287. Major planets include the following except ___

a. Uranus
b. Mercury
c. Pluto
*d. Fray

288. Common examples of elements include the following except ___

a. oxygen
b. nitrogen
c. carbon
*d. atom

289. The smallest particle that comprises a chemical element is called

_____

a. Element
*b. atom
c. particle
d. reactivity

290. An example of an corrosive organic acid include all except ______

a. acetic acid
b. butric acid
c. chloroacetic acid
*d. nitric acid

291. Which of the following is not a flammable solid?

 a. plastic
b. fibres
*c. ether
d. wood/paper

292. Which of the following is not an example of air sensitive compound

___

a. metallic dust
b. alkali metal
c. hydrides
*d. pyrophoric metals

293. Any substance, radionuclide or radiation that is an agent directly

involved in the promotion of cancer or in the facilitation of its
propagation is called ___

a. malignant
*b. carcinogen
c. toxic chemicals
d. benignation

294. The effect manifested on short exposure on single contact,

ingestion or inhalation is called ____

a. chronic toxicity
b. chemical toxicity
*c. acute toxicity
d. shortened toxicity

295. Which type of decay is said to occur when the nucleous emits apha
rays/particles?

a. beta decay
b. gamma decay
c. isotopic decay
*d. alpha decay

296. PCD Means _________

a. particle condensation decay

*b. programmed cell death
c. particle cell diameter
d. programmed condensation diameter

297. Which of the following is not a protective nutrient for cadmium

poisoning?
 *a. iodine
b. selenium
c. vitamin E
d. vitamin C
e. methionine

298. Carbon burns in excess and limited supply of oxygen to produce

carbon (IV) oxide and carbon (II) oxide respectively.
                        C(s)  +  O2(g)                  CO2(g)
                        2C(s)  +  O2(g)                 2CO(g)
The above process is known as ______

a. Esterification
b. Carbonation  
c. Oxygenation
*d. Combustion
e. Carbonization