Summary of Microbial Diversity
I. THE PROKARYOTES: GRAM
NEGATIVE
A. Enterobacteriaceae
1. Escherichia coli
i. EPEC
ii. ETEC
iii. EIEC
iv. EHEC
v. EAEC
2. Klebsiella pneumoniae
ESKAPE:
- Enterococcus faecium
- Staphylococcus aureus
- Klebsiella pneumoniae
- Acinetobacter baumanii
- Psedomonas aeruginosa
- Enterobacter spp.
3. Salmonella typhi
4. Salmonella choleraesius
5. salmonella enteritidis
6. Shigella dysenteriae
7. Proteus mirabilis
8. Serratia marcescens
B. Vibrionaceae
1. Vibrio cholerae
2. Vibrio parahemolyticus
3. Helicobacter pylori
4. Campylobacter jejuni
C. Bacilli
RESPIRATORY ORGANISMS:
1. Haemophilus influenza
2. Haemophilus ducreyi
3. Haemophilus vaginalis
4. Bordetella pertussis
5. Legionella pneumophila
ZOONOTIC ORGANISMS:
1. Brucella
i. B. melitensis
ii. B. abortus
iii. B. suis
iv. B. canis
2. Yersinia pestis
3. yersinia enterolitica
4. Francisella tularensis
5. Bartonella henselae
6. Bartonella bacilliformis
7. Bartonella quintana
D. Cocci
1. Neisseria meningitides
2. Neisseria gonorrhea
E. Anaerobic Organisms
1. Bacterio fragilis
F. Aerobic Organisms
1. Pseudomonas aeruginosa
G. Non-free living organisms
1. Rickettsia
A. Spotted Fever Group
1. Rickettsia rickettsia
2. Rickettsia akari
3. Rickettsia australis
B. Typhus fever group
4. Rickettsia prowazekii
5. Rickettsia typhi
6. Rickettsia tsutsugamushi
2. Airborne
1. Coxiella burnetii
2. Chlamydia
a. Chlamydia trachomatis
b. Chlamydia psittaci
H. Thick-walled organisms
Spirochetes
i. Treponema
1. Treponema pallidum
ii. Borrelia
1. Borrelia recurrentis
2. Borrelia burgdorferi
3. Borrelia vincenti
iii. Leptospira
1. Leptospira interrogans
I. Acid-Fast Organisms
1. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
2. Mycobacterium leprae
J. Wall-less Organism
1. Mycoplasma pneumonia
 Summary of Microbial Diversity
II. THE PROKARYOTES: GRAM-
POSITIVE
1. Cocci
1. Streptococci
Alpha hemolysis:
- Streptococcus pneumoniae
- Streptococcus viridians
- Streptococcus mutans
Beta hemolysis:
- Streptococcus pyogenes
- Streptococcus agalactiae
Gamma hemolysis:
- Streptococcus bovis
- Enterococci
Lance Field Grouping
A. Group A Streptococcus (B-hemolytic)
i. Streptococcus pyogenes
B. Group B Streptococci (B-hemolytic)
i. Streptococcus agalactiae
C. Group C Streptococcus (B-hemolytic)
i. Streptococcus dysgalactiae
ii. Streptococcus equi
iii. Streptococcus equisimilis
iv. Streptococcus zooepidemicus
D. Group D Streptococcus (α-hemolytic)
i. Enterococci
ii. Enterococcus faecalis
iii. Enterococcus faecium
iv. Enterococcus durans
v. Streptococcus bovis (alpha or
gamma)
E. Unclassified Streptococcus
i. Streptococcus viridians
ii. Streptococcus pneumoniae
2. Staphylococci
i. Staphylococcus aureus
ii. Staphylococcus epidermidis
iii. Staphylococcus saprophyticus
3. Spore Forming bacilli
1. Bacillus
i. Bacillus anthracis
ii. Bacillus cereus
iii. Bacillus subtilis
2. Clostridium
i. Clostridium botulinum
ii. Clostridium tetani
iii. Clostridium perfringens
iv. Clostridium difficile
4. Non-Spore Forming Gram Positive Rods
1. Corynebacterium diptheriae
2. Listeria monocytogenes
3. Lactobacillus
4. Propionibacterium acne
5. Nocardia asteroids
6. Actinomyces israelii
III. THE EUKARYOTES: FUNGI,
ALGAE, PROTOZOA, HELMINTHS
FUNGI
Classification:
1. Zygomycota
2. Microspridia
3. Ascomycota
4. Basidiomycota
Diseases:
1. Superficial mycoses
i. Black piedra (Piedra hortai)
ii. White piedra (Trichosporon beigelli)
iii. Pityriasis versicolor (Malasseiza furfur)
iv. Tinea nigra / superficial
phaeophypomycosis
2. Cutaneous Mycoses
a. Dermatophytosis
Tinea Infections
- T. pedis (Feet: athlete’s foot)
- T. unguium (Nails: onchomycosis)
- T. corporis (trunk, arms, legs)
- T. cruris (groin area)
- T. manuum (hands)
- T. capitis (scalp)
- T. faciei (face)
- T. barbae (beard)
- T. axillaries (underarms)
b. Candidiasis (Moniliasis)
-caused by candida albicans
 Summary of Microbial Diversity
3. Subcutaneous mycoses 1. Ascaris lumbricoides (Intestinal
i. Mycetoma (Eumycotic mycetoma) roundworm)
ii. Sporotrichosis (Sporothrix schenkii) 2. Necator americanus (New world
iii. Chromoblastomycosis (Phialophora verrucosa) hookworm)
3. Ancylostoma duodenale (Old world
4. Systemic mycosis hookworm)
i. Blastomycosis (Blastomyces dermatitidis) 4. Strongyloides stercoralis (Threadworm)
ii. Paracoccidomycosis (Paracoccidioides 5. Trichinella spiralis (Muscle roundworm)
brasiliensis) 6. Trichuric trichura (Whipworm)
iii. Histoplasmosis (Histoplasmosis capsulatum) 7. Enterobius vermicularis (Pinworm)
iv. Coccidiodomycosis (Coccidioides immitis) 8. Capillaria philippinensis (Bagsit)
v. Cryptococcosis (Cryptococcus neoformans)
vi. Systemic candidiasis (Candida albicans) B. BLOOD AND TISSUE
vii. Aspergillosis (flavus, A. fumigatus) 1. Onchpcerca volvulus
2. Wucheria bancrofti
ALGAE 3. Brugia malayi
4. Ancyclostoma braziliense
PROTOZOA
Platyhelminths (Flatworms)
1. Amoebas
a. Entamoeba histolytica
A. CESTODES (TAPEWORMS)
2. Flagellates
1. Taenia solium (Pork tapeworm)
a. Giardia lamblia
2. Taenia saginata (Beef)
b. Trichomonas vaginalis
3. Diphyllobothrium latum (Fish)
c. Leishmania
4. Hymenolepsis nana (Dwarf)
i. L. tropica (oriental sore)
5. Echinococcus granulosus (Dog)
ii. L. braziliensis (espundia)
iii. L. donovani (kala-azar)
B. TREMATODES (FLUKES)
d. Trypanosome
1. Schistosoma japonicum (Oriental bloodfluke)
i. Trypanosoma cruzi
2. S. mansoni (Mansons blood fluke)
ii. Trypanosoma brucei
3. S. haematobium (Egyptian hematuria)
1. T. brucei gambiense
4. Paragonimus westermani (Lung fluke)
2. T. brucei rhodiense
5. Fasciolopsis buski (Giant intestinal fluke)
3. Cilliates
6. Fasciola hepatica (Temperate liver)
a. Balantidium coli
7. Fasciola gigantica (Fluke tropical liver fluke)
4. Sporozoans

a. Plasmodium IV. ATYPICAL CELLS: VIRUS,

i. P. falciparum. VIROIDS, PRIONS
ii. P. vivax
iii. P. ovale VIRUS
iv. P. malariae Examples:
b. Toxoplasma gondii a. Bacteriophage
i. isospora belli b. Tobacco mosaic virus
ii. Blastocystis hominis c. Adenovirus
d. Influenza virus
HELMINTHS
Nematodes (Roundworms)

A. INTESTINAL
 Summary of Microbial Diversity
g. Myxoviruses:
i. Orthomyxoviruses types A and B
VIROID AND PRION ii. Myxovirus parotidis
Examples: iii. Paramyxovirus
a. Helical viruses (Ebola and Rabies iv. Rhabdovirus
Virus) h. Arbovirus:
b. Polyhedral viruses (Adenovirus) i. Mosquito-borne type B
c. Enveloped virus (Influenza virus) ii. Mosquito-borne type A
d. Complex viruses (Bacteriophage) iii. Tick-borne, coronavirus
i. Retrovirus:
I. DNA Viruses i. RNA tumor virus
a. Herpesviridae ii. HTLV
i. Herpes simplex virus-1 iii. HIV
ii. Herpes simplex virus-2
iii. Varicella zoster virus II. RNA Viruses
iv. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) A. Orthomyxoviridae and Paramyxoviridae
v. Espstein-barr virus (EBV) i. Influenza
vi. HHV-6 & HHV-7 (Human ii. Parainfluenza
Herpes Virus) iii. RSV/Respiratory syncytial virus
vii. HHV-8 iv. Mumps
b. Poxviridae v. Measles
c. Hepadnavirida B. Togaviridae
i. German measles (Rubella)
B. Naked DNA Viruses (PapaAd) C. Flaviviradae
a. Papovaviridae D. Rhabdoviridae
i. Papilomavirus i. Rabies virus
ii. Parvoviridae
iii. Adenoviridae E. Papoviridae
i. Poliovirus
Important Groups of Viruses and Viral Diseases F. Calciviridae
Virus Type: Virus i. Norwalk virus
a. Poxviruses: G. Coronaviridae
i. Variola H. Retroviridae
ii. Vaccinia i. HIV, AIDS
b. Polyoma-papilloma:
i. Papillomavirus Common Types of Viral Hepatitis
ii. Polyomavirus Name of Disease : Virus (Also known as)
c. Herpesvirus:
i. Herpes simplex I a. Type A hepatitis : HAV
ii. Herpes simplex II (HAV infection, infectious hepatitis, epidemic
iii. Herpes zoster hepatitis)
iv. varicella
d. Adenovirus: b. Type B hepatitis : HBV
e. Picornaviruses: (HBV infection, serum hepatitis)
i. Rhinovirus
ii. Poliovirus c. Type C hepatitis : HCV
iii. Hepatitis types A and B (HCV infection and non-A, non-B hepatitis)
iv. Coxsackie virus
f. Reoviruses: d. Type D hepatitis : HDV
i. Enterovirus (Delta hepatitis)
 Summary of Microbial Diversity
e. Type E hepatitis : HEV

f. Type G hepatitis : HGV