Background of the Study

Sustainable urban development is then a city’s use of resources and space in a way that meets
the needs of its residents in the present without negatively impacting residents' needs in the
future. This method of urban development aims to minimise damage to the environment while
preserving as much of our resources as possible and transitioning to renewable resources where
possible. Sustainable urban development is vital because it engages the totality of design,
including Architecture, Landscape Architecture, Urban Design and Urban Planning. More than
50% of the total population lives in urban areas in 21 st Century, study shows that urban areas are
densely populated than rural areas. This is an increasing need for urban design in participation
with the private professionals, public agencies at all levels of government, as well as within non-
government organizations to tackle various challenges in urban development. It requires
excellent planning, design and management and a collaborative multi-disciplinary approach.
These challenges include the following:

1. To guide higher density infill developments in consolidated urban center;

2. Retrofitting obsolete suburban center;
3. Designing basic transportation and mobility infrastructure to promote local economic
development and support social justice;
4. Enhancing the role of public space in the city development;
5. Mitigating the vulnerabilities in the face of climate change

The main components of sustainable urban development are environmental, social, and
economic. The characteristics of each of these components are made of a city's unique challenges
and solutions. However, by focusing on these components, a city can achieve sustainable
conditions.

For decades, urbanization has allowed for fast growing economies to bridge their socio-
economic gaps. Urbanization is positively related to economic growth, human development and
poverty reduction. Preparing the urbanization at different stages, economic benefits of
urbanization and managing and reducing negative externalities.