QUIZ no. 3 Cell Structure and 4.

Functions of a microscope that permit the

sharpest view of an organism include(s)
Functions
which of the following?
1. A high-powered microscope that produces A. resolution
an image from scattered secondary electrons
B. contrast
is the:
C. magnification
A. immunofluorescence microscope.
D. All of the choices are correct.
B. bright-field light microscope.

C. transmission electron microscope 5. Mitochondria have an inner membrane

(TEM). system called thylakoid membranes.
D. scanning electron microscope (SEM). True
E. confocal microscope False

2. The nucleus is NOT important as the site of 6. All cells have a cell wall that regulates the
passage of molecules into and out of the cell.
A. DNA synthesis.
True
B. RNA synthesis.
False
C. synthesis of ribosomal subunits.

D. protein synthesis. 7. What is likely to happen if you remove the

nucleus of the cell?
3. Most bacteria live in a solution that is
a. The cell will undergo mutations.
hypotonic relative to the cytoplasm of the
bacteria. The cell wall of a bacterium is a b. The cell will die.
peptidoglycan polymer that is tightly cross-
c. The cell will increase in uncontrolled
linked. This would therefore function to:
number.
A. regulate the flow of most molecules into
d. The cell will increase its rate of
and out of the bacterial cell.
metabolism
B. provide a rigid wall that prevents the
cell from swelling. 8. Which term is based on the Greek root
words for "before" and "kernel"?
C. provide a rigid wall that prevents the cell
from shrinking. A. peptidoglycan.
D. confirm a close relationship to plant cells B. eukaryote.
that have a similar structure and live in
C. nucleolus.
hypotonic solutions.
D. prokaryote.
E. make all bacteria fairly uniform in
metabolic chemistry. E. nucleus.
9. Which is a true statement about
ribosomes?
A. Ribosomes contain DNA and protein.
B. Ribosomes are active in carbohydrate
synthesis.
13. To best preserve the enzymes of a cell
when we cut a cell apart in a blender to
separate the organelles, the solution should be
A. warm and acidic.
B. warm and basic.

C. Ribosomal subunits leave the nucleus C. cold and neutral.

after being formed by the nucleolus.
D. The temperature and pH does not matter.
D. Polyribosomes are the subunits of
ribosomes. 14. Each time the water in a cell freezes
slowly, long sharp crystals spear through the
E. Ribosomes are only found associated
membrane structures of the cell. However, in
with the endoplasmic reticulum in prokaryotic
the frozen state, virtually no chemical
cells.
reactions occur. The most likely explanation
for the bad taste of meat that has "freezer
10. The endoplasmic reticulum is a
burn" from repeated freezing is the
membranous system that is continuous with
destruction of
the nuclear envelope.
A. the Golgi bodies and their vesicles.
True
B. lysosomes and resultant autodigestion.
False
C. rough endoplasmic reticulum causing the
11. Which cytoskeletal element is NOT release of ribosomes.
correctly associated with its characteristic?
D. ribosomes causing them to break into
A. Cilia are small extensions of membrane- subunits.
surrounded microtubules.
E. the nuclear membrane causing mixing of
B. Microtubules are made up of a globular nucleoplasm and cytoplasm.
protein called tubulin.
15. The organelle of the endomembrane
C. Centrioles are found in the
system associated with the sorting of lipids
microtubule organizing centers of plants.
and proteins for various cellular functions are
D. Flagella have a 9 + 2 pattern of
A. rough endoplasmic reticula.
microtubule structure.
B. lysosomes.
E. Basal bodies are located at the base of
cilia and flagella. C. vesicles.

D. Golgi apparati.
12. Prokaryotic cells are about half the size of
eukaryotic cells, on average.
16.Cells that do NOT produce cell walls are
True
A. animal cells.
False
B. plant cells.

C. bacteria.
D. prokaryotic cells.
1. Without a cytoskeleton, eukaryotic cells
would NOT
A. synthesize protein.
B. have an efficient way to transport
materials from one organelle to another.
C. have an efficient means of metabolism.
D. communicate with adjacent cells.
18.Cells are surrounded by a plasma membrane.
True
False
19. The Greek root word that means "center"
is the main root for
A. prokaryote.
B. eukaryote.
C. centriole.
D. cilia.
E. nucleus.
20. Actin filaments, intermediate filaments,
and microtubules compose the cytoskeleton.
True
False
21. Cell biologists have introduced
radioactively labeled carbohydrates, fats and
amino acids to living cells, allowed time for
cell metabolism, and then disrupted the cells
in a blender and separated out the various
cell organelles from the cytoplasm. They
found the radioactive molecules could soon be
detected as part of various cellular
compounds, although the visible cell
structures appeared unchanged. This leads us
to conclude that
A. these "food" molecules are used only for
energy.
B. most cell components are constantly
being broken down and rebuilt.
C. radioactivity was transferred from the
introduced molecules to the resident stable
molecules.
D. molecules diffuse at random through the
cytoplasm and into cell organelles.
E. radioactivity has an unusual role in
metabolism of living cells.
22. Ribosomes are found in both prokaryotic
and eukaryotic cells.
True
False
23. Mitochondria are thought to be derived
from photosynthetic bacteria that became
part of the eukaryotic cell through
endosymbiosis.
True
False
24. All of the following are parts of plant cells
EXCEPT
A. centrioles.
B. mitochondria.
C. chloroplasts.
D. cell walls.
25. As they flow over rotten logs as a fluid
sheet, slime molds appear to lack any
partitioning into cell units; however, slime
molds do become cellular when they change
form to produce spores. And the surface of
some parasitic flatworms and some insect
tissues are a "syncytium" or layer of living
material that contains many nuclei and cell
organelles but lacks partitioning by cell
membranes. These tissues consume food and
produce wastes. In light of the cell theory that
"all living things are composed of cells," then
A. these tissues are not living because they
are not cellular.
B. these tissues are obviously a bridge
between nonliving and primitive living cells.
C. the general concept of life-is-cellular
still holds because these organisms still utilize
cells sometime in their life, but this shows
that cell membrane partitions can be
abandoned.
D. this proves that a "vital force" beyond
cell chemistry can give life to substances.
E. All of the choices are true.
26. Which of the following cell structures is
being described using these statement "I am
more like a bubble in the cell getting bigger
each day. I can either store food particles or
expel excess water and wastes from the cell
also in plants, I appear bigger and more in
number"?
A. Chloroplast
B. Cell Wall
C. Vacuole
D. Plasmodesmata
27. Which is NOT true about the cell theory?
A. Its various parts were described by
Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow.
B. It states that all organisms are composed
of cells.
C. It states that all cells come from
preexisting cells.
D. It states that bacteria and other small
organisms can arise spontaneously.
E. It is accepted today by biologists as
applying to virtually all forms of life.
28. Large membranous sacs that are more
prevalent in plant cells and some protozoa
than in animal cells are called
A. vacuoles.
B. vesicles.
C. glyoxisomes.
D. lysosomes.
E. peroxisomes.
29. Which of these is NOT part of the end
membrane system of the cell?
A. mitochondria
B. endoplasmic reticulum
C. lysosomes
D. Golgi complex
30. Actin filaments are
A. also known as microtubules.
B. able to assemble and disassemble from
component proteins.
C. found in the center of flagella and cilia.
D. intermediate in size between
microtubules and microfilaments.
E. made of different kinds of components in
different tissues.
31. The cells that line our respiratory tract,
and one-celled paramecia both have these
short hair-like projections.
A. flagella
B. microfilaments
C. centrioles
D. cilia
E. pili
32. The plant cell's central vacuole
A. provides the plant cell with support.
B. stores nutrients and cellular waste
products.
C. is a reservoir for water.
D. All of the choices are correct.
33. Which of the following gives rise to both
lysosomes and vesicles? the
A. rough endoplasmic reticula
B. mitochondria
C. Golgi apparati
D. ribosomes
34. Chloroplasts are found in plants but not
in bacteria.
True
False
35. Which of the following is NOT offered as
evidence in support of the endosymbiotic
theory, the belief that a eukaryotic cell has
evolved as a "committee" of prokaryotic
cells?
A. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are
similar in size and structure to some species of
bacteria.
B. The ribosomes of chloroplasts and
mitochondria are similar to eubacteria.
C. Mitochondria and chloroplasts can
actively break away from eukaryotic cells and
live on their own.
D. Mitochondria and chloroplasts have their
own DNA coding separate from the eukaryotic
nucleus.
E. All of the choices offer support of the
endosymbiotic theory.
36. A eukaryotic organelle that can best be
seen with the light microscope is the
A. endoplasmic reticulum.
B. nucleus.
C. ribosome.
D. polyribosome.
E. microtubule.
37. Which is NOT a characteristic of
mitochondria?
A. A mitochondrion has two membranes.
B. Mitochondria are the site of cellular
respiration.
C. Mitochondria are found in
prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
D. Mitochondria contain DNA and
ribosomes.
E. The inner space of the mitochondrion
contains a fluid matrix.
38. After being formed by the ribosomes
located on the endoplasmic reticulum, what is
the next organelle to which a protein could be
transported?
A. mitochondria
B. smooth endoplasmic reticulum
C. Golgi apparatus
D. nucleus
39. Which of the following help direct the
movement of materials or organelles
throughout the cell?
A. rough endoplasmic reticulum
B. cytoskeleton
C. smooth endoplasmic reticulum
D. all of the choices are true
40. Peroxisomes are abundant in cells that
metabolize lipids or alcohol.
True
False
41. A microscope that uses antibodies that
glow to reveal the location of a protein in a
cell is the
A. immunofluorescence microscope.
B. bright-field light microscope.
C. transmission electron microscope
(TEM).
D. scanning electron microscope (SEM).
E. confocal microscope.
42. From your knowledge of the function of
lysosomes, the pH of lysosomes is likely to be
A. highly variable.
B. 5.
C. precisely neutral or 7.
D. 9.
E. 12.
43. An amino sugar called N-acetylmuramic
acid is an important building block of the cell
wall of some bacteria. Penicillin prevents this
amino sugar from being incorporated into the
bacterial cell wall. Therefore,
A. penicillin affects bacteria but not
eukaryotes because eukaryotic cell walls are
different.
B. bacterial cells that had already formed
their cell walls would be unaffected.
C. penicillin would stop the growth of
active colonies of susceptible bacteria.
D. All of the choices are correct.
44. Which is NOT true of eukaryotic cells?
A. A true nucleus contains the
chromosomes.
B. Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-
bounded compartments.
C. They contain ribosomes that are
smaller than those of prokaryotic cells.
D. They all contain mitochondria.
E. They contain many organelles in the
cytoplasm.
45. The springtail is a very common small
insect that lives in rotten logs, rich soil, and
other humid places. Its cuticle is water
repelling (hydrophobic) except for a strange
organ, the collophore, on its ventral side.
Because it lacks the excretory organs of other
insects, the springtail has this organ in
contact with the water (it is responsible for
ion balance and secretion of wastes). If we
examined the cell structure of this collophore,
True
we would expect to find a high number of
False
A. nuclei.

B. ribosomes. 50. Which of the following organelles would

only be found within a cell that was both
C. Golgi bodies.
eukaryotic and autotrophic?
D. lysosomes.
A. mitochondria
E. centrioles.
B. ribosomes

46. Which statement is NOT true about C. rough endoplasmic reticulum

bacterial anatomy?
A. The cell wall is located outside of the
plasma membrane.
B. The glycocalyx sheath is located inside
the cell wall.
C. There may be small rings of accessory
DNA called plasmids.
D. Bacteria may have fimbriae that help
attach the bacteria to other structures.
47. The cytoplasm is the fluid that bathes the
structures that are located in the cell.
True
False
D. chloroplast
51. Which is NOT a characteristic of
chloroplasts?
A. A chloroplast is surrounded by a double
membrane.
B. Chlorophyll absorbs solar energy that is
used to form chemical bonds.
C. A membrane inside a chloroplast is
called a thylakoid.
D. Stacks called grana are linked by
membranous connections.
E. Chlorophylls are found in the fluid
stroma of the chloroplast.

48. Membrane-bounded vesicles that contain 52. Lysosomes are produced by the
enzymes for oxidizing small organic
A. vacuoles.
molecules with the formation of hydrogen
peroxide are B. nucleus.
A. vacuoles. C. mitochondria.
B. vesicles. D. Golgi apparatus.
C. glyoxisomes. E. ribosomes.
D. lysosomes.
53. Cell is the smallest unit of living matter
E. peroxisomes.
True
49.Bacteria and algae are prokaryotic cells. False
 58. As the size of a cell increases, so does it's
54. Which of the following is/are considered surface-to-volume ratio.
as the tiny food factory of the living world?
True
A. Lysosome
False
B. Plastid
59. Prokaryotes are characterized by all of
C. Centriole
the following structures EXCEPT
D. Mitochondrion
A. a nucleoid.
E. Chloroplast
B. inclusion bodies.
F. Vacuole
C. mitochondria.
G. Cell wall
D. mesosomes.

55. Which of the following is/are the

60. from your knowledge of the size of cell
function/s of the plasmalemma?
components and the process of centrifugation,
A. Control what is the order (from first to last) that the
nucleus and organelles will be extracted?
B. Synthesis
A. ribosomes–mitochondria and
C. Protection chloroplasts–nucleus–soluble cytoplasm
D. Transport B. nucleus–mitochondria and
E. Breakdown chloroplasts–ribosomes–soluble cytoplasm

F. All of these C. nucleus–mitochondria and chloroplasts–

soluble cytoplasm–ribosomes
56. Who described cells as "animalcules" in D. mitochondria and chloroplasts–nucleus–
pond water? soluble cytoplasm–ribosomes
Robert Hooke E. soluble cytoplasm–ribosomes–
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek mitochondria and chloroplasts–nucleus

Robert Brown 61. Of the following, which is NOT associated

Johannes Purkinje with the mitochondria?

Rudolff Virchow A. ATP productions

B. cristae
57. The DNA of a prokaryotic cell is located
in the nucleoid region. C. stroma

True D. matrix

False 62. The Greek root word that means "net"

and "within" is
 A. prokaryote.
B. eukaryote.
C. cytoplasmic
D. nucleoid
E. endoplasmic
63. Which statement is NOT true about
bacteria?
A. Their cell wall is made of a slime layer
that is the same as in plant cell walls.
B. Some are photosynthetic.
C. Some are motile due to flagella.
D. They are all prokaryotes.
E. They have a cell wall that contains
peptidoglycan.
64. A microscope used to observe living cells
and organelles by contrasting the phase
differences so that some regions appear
brighter is the
A. immunofluorescence microscope.
B. phase contrast light microscope.
C. transmission electron microscope
(TEM).
D. scanning electron microscope (SEM).
65. A cytoskeleton is found in prokaryotic
cells.
True
False
66. Bacterial and eukaryotic flagella have the
same structure made of microtubules.
True
False
67. Which is NOT true concerning the Golgi
complex?
A. It consists of a stack of saccules.
B. Golgi complexes in animal cells have an
inner face and an outer face.
C. Molecules are modified within the lumen
of Golgi saccules.
D. Lysosomes are vesicles that bind to
enter the Golgi saccules.
E. Golgi apparatus contains enzymes.
68. Mitochondria and chloroplasts are able to
reproduce independently from the division of
the cell.
True
False
69. The Greek root word that means "true
kernel" is
A. prokaryote.
B. eukaryote.
C. nucleolus.
D. nucleoid.
E. nucleus.
70. Which is NOT a reason for the small size
of cells?
A. As the linear dimensions of a cell
increase, the volume increases twice as fast as
the surface area.
B. Nutrients and wastes must enter and
leave the cell through the plasma membrane.
C. The nucleus can only control a certain
amount of cytoplasm.
 D. The increased number of organelles
requires that eukaryotic cells be smaller than
prokaryotic cells.

E. Materials must be able to move quickly

and efficiently through the cytoplasm.