Mathematics – Ratio

Dr. T.K. Jain.

AFTERSCHOOOL
Centre for social entrepreneurship
Bikaner
M: 9414430763
tkjainbkn@yahoo.co.in
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 Inverse ratio of 11:15?
• 15:11

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 Ratio of two quantities is 4:5. the
antecedent is 24, what is
consequent?
• Divide 24 by 4, we get 6.
• Multiply 6 by 5, we get 30. this is answer.
• Antecedent is the number coming first and
consequent is the number coming second
in the ratio.
Quantitities are : 24:30. answer.

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 Duplicate ratio of 3:4?
• Square these numbers:
• 9:16

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 Triplicate ratio of 2:3?
• Cube of these:
• 8:27

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Angles of a traingle are in the ratio
of 4:5:9. what are the angles.
• We know that sum of angles in a triangle
is 180 degree.
• Total 4:5:9 = 18.
• First angle is 4/18 *180 = 40
• 2nd angle = 5/18 *180 = 50
• 3rd angle is = 9/18 *180 = 90 answers.

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Angles of a quadrilateral are in the
ratio of 3:4:5:6. what are the
angles.
• We know that sum of angles in a triangle
is 360 degree.
• Total 3,4,5,6 = 18.
• First angle is 3/18 *360 = 60
• 2nd angle = 4/18 *360 = 80
• 3rd angle is = 5/18 *360 = 100
• 4th angle is 6/18 * 360 = 120 answers.

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 A & B have earning in ratio of 4:5
and expenses in ratio 7:9. Each
saves Rs. 50. what is their income?
• Let us assume incomes to be 4x & 5 y.
• Let us assume expenses to be 7y &9y.
• saving= income – expenses.
• 4x-7y = 50 and 5x-9y = 50 multiply 1st equation
by 9 & 2nd equation by 7 and then subtract from
each other.
• 36x-63y=450 and 35y-63y=350
• X = 100. Thus incomes of A & B are 400 & 500
answer. .
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 Divide 324 between A & B in ratio
11:7. ?
• Sum up 11 & 7 = 18.
• A’s share: 11/18 *324 = 198
• B’s share = 324-198 = 126

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A:B = 2:3, B:C = 3:5, what is a:b:c?
• Put these figures as under:
• A:B:C
• 2:3
• 3:5
• Now take B as common – which is 3.
Since in both the cases B’s value is 3, so
combined ratio is 2:3:5. answer.

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 A:B = 2:3, B: C = 4:5, what is
a:b:c?
• Put these figures as under:
• A:B:C
• 2:3
• 4:5
• Now take B as common – which is 3&4. We
have to get same value of B. multiply 4 to both
the upper numbers and multiply 3 to both the
lower numbers. Now B’s value is same in both –
12. Now ratio is : 8:12:15.
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 12:16:x:20 are in proportion, what
is X?
• Step 1: multiply 1st and 4th term and
multiply 2nd and 3rd term.
2st * 4th = 2nd * 3rd. (in proportion, product of
1st and 4th is equal to product of 2nd and
3rd)
240 = 16x
X = 15 answer.

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 2 numbers are in ratio of 3:4 and if
6 is added to them, the new ratio is
4:5. What are the numbers?
• Let us assume numbers to be 3x & 4x.
• 3x+6 / 4x+6 = 4/5
• 15x+30 = 16x + 24
• -x =-6
• X = 6 answer.

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x/2 = y/3 = z/7, what is value of (2x-
3y+4z)/3y
• Let us assume value of X =2, y = 3 and
z=7.
• Put these values and get the answer.
• (4 -9+28) / 9
• = 23/9 answer .

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 What is invertendo?
• P:q:: a:b
• Is also:
• q:p ::b:a
• (reverse the ratio).

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 What is alternendo?
• If a:b = e:f
• Then we can write as a:e = b:f
• (taking alternate values and preparing
ratio from them).

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 What is componendo?
• If a:b = e:f
• We can also write:
• A+b:b = e+f :f
• (combining the 2 numbers and taking ratio
with one of the components)

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 What is Dividendo?
• If a:b = e:f
• We can also write:
• A-b:b = e-f :f
• (dividing the 2 numbers and taking ratio
with one of the numbers)

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 What is addendo?
• If a:b = e:f
• We can also write as:
• A+E: B+F
• (HERE WE ADD FIRST TERMS AND
SECOND TERMS).

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 WHAT IS COMPONENDO &
DIVIDENDO?
• IF A:B = E:F
• WE CAN WRITE AS:
• A+B: A-B = E+F: E-F

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 WHAT IS SUBTRAHENDO?
• If A:B = E:F
• We can write as:
• A-E : B-F
• (subtract first term from first and 2nd term
from 2nd).

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 What is mean proportion between
2kg and 8 kg.
• To get mean proportion, we have to get
geometric mean out of these:
• Multiply 2 & 8 = 16
• Now take square root of 16 = we get 4 this
is answer.

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4, X, 9, 13.5 are in proportion. What
is X?
• Multiply 1st and 4th term = it will be equal to
multiply of 2nd and 3rd term.
• 4*13.5 = x*9
• 9X = 54
• X = 6 answer.

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 (5x-3y) / (5y – 3x) = ¾, what is
value of X & Y?
• Let us assume : 5x-3y = 3
• Let us assume : 5y-3x = 4 (write as 3x-5y=-4)
• Now multiply firs equation with 3 & 2nd equation
by 5. we get: 15x-9y=9 and 15x-25y=-20) (or
-15x+25y = 20)
• Subtract 2nd equation from 1st equation:
• 16y = 29. Y = 29/16 = 1.8125
• Now put the value of Y in any equation and get
the value of X. 5x – 3*1.8125 = 3
• 5x =3+5.44
• X = 8.44/5 X = 1.688 answer.
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