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Name: _____________________ Subject: Chemistry

Date: _________________ Grade: IX IGCSE
Revision
Multiple-Choice Questions
1 The constituents of a mixture of liquid trichloromethane and water are
separated using a separating funnel. What can be deduced about
trichloromethane and water from this method in which they are separated.

A One of them is an ionic compound while the other is covalent.

B They are immiscible liquids.
C Trichloromethane has a higher density than water.
D Both substances exist as simple covalent molecules. ( )

2 The diagram below shows a cooling curve of carbon disulfide.

Which of the following statements is false?

A Carbon disulfide is a liquid at -73°C.

B The freezing point of carbon disulfide is -112°C.
C The melting point of carbon disulfide is -112°C.
D From t0 to t1, the particles are becoming further apart. ( )

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3 A chloride ion has the same number of electrons as __________________.

A an argon atom
B a bromine atom
C a fluoride ion
D a sodium ion ( )

4 Naturally-occurring bromine has a relative atomic mass of 80 and consists

entirely of two isotopes of relative atomic masses 79 and 81. What can be
deduced about naturally-occurring bromine from this information only?

A Bromine contains the two isotopes in equal proportions.

B Bromine has different oxidation states.
C Bromine isotopes have different numbers of protons.
D Bromine is radioactive. ( )

5 The diagram represents four different compounds.

4
1 2
3

In which line are the compounds correctly named?

1 2 3 4
A Ammonia Sodium chloride Methane Water
B Methane Ammonia Sodium chloride Water
C Water Ammonia Methane Sodium chloride
D Water Methane Ammonia Sodium chloride ( )

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6 Which of the following statements is true for the oxides of the elements across
the period from sodium to chlorine across the periodic table?

1. Are all solids at room temperature

2. Become less basic and more acidic
3. Change from ionic compounds to covalent compounds

A 1 and 2 only
B 2 and 3 only
C 1 and 3 only
D 1, 2 and 3 ( )

7 The red pigment of the blood is called haemoglobin. It contains 0.33% by mass
of iron. If there are two iron atoms in each molecule of haemoglobin, the
relative molecular mass of haemoglobin is

A 1120
B 11200
C 3393
D 33939 ( )

8 37g of magnesium sulphate (Mr = 120) is obtained when 8.4g of magnesium (Ar
= 24) is reacted with excess dilute sulfuric acid. What is the percentage yield of
magnesium sulphate?

A 14%
B 45%
C 88%
D 97% ( )

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9 Which substance, when added to water, does not make a solution that is a good
conductor of electricity?

A Barium nitrate
B Calcium chloride
C Lead(II) nitrate
D Zinc carbonate ( )

10 Which salt is prepared by a titration method?

A Copper(II) sulfate
B Lead(II) sulfate
C Magnesium sulfate
D Potassium nitrate ( )

11 Which calcium compound does not increase the pH of acidic soils?

A Calcium carbonate
B Calcium oxide
C Calcium hydroxide
D Calcium sulfate ( )

12 Aluminium and copper are often used to make coins but iron is not. Which
statement is most likely to be the reason?

A Iron is above both aluminium and copper in the reactivity series.

B Iron is more expensive to manufacture than aluminium or copper.
C Iron is rarer than both aluminium and copper.
D Iron reacts with water. ( )

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13 The diagram below shows a blast furnace. There is an error in the labelling.
iron ore, limestone and coke in
hot air in hot air in

waste gases out waste gases out

slag
molten iron

Which one of the following changes would correct the error?

A Hot air should enter at Y and waste gases should leave at X.

B Molten iron should float above slag.
C Only iron ore and coke should be put at the top of the furnace.
D The mixture entering the blast furnace from the top should also contain ( )
silicon dioxide.

14 A salt has the formula (NH4)2Fe(SO4)2.12H2O. Excess aqueous sodium

hydroxide was added to a hot solution of the salt, shaken and left to stand for
some time.

Which of the following observation would not be made?

A A dirty-green precipitate was produced.

B The precipitate that was formed dissolved in excess sodium hydroxide.
C On standing, the precipitate turned brown.
D A pungent gas which turned moist red litmus paper blue was produced. ( )

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Structured Questions

1 Carbon dioxide can be formed by a number of different types of reactions.

Suggest identities for each of the following.

(a) A solid that burns to give carbon dioxide only. [1]

(b) A gas that burns to give carbon dioxide only. [1]
(c) A solid that when heated gives carbon dioxide as one of the two products. [1]
(d) A water-soluble compound that reacts with an acid to produce carbon [1]
dioxide.

2 Dalton (1766-1844) proposed various symbols for different ‘elements’. A few

are listed below.

Using Dalton’s symbols, different substance can be drawn.

(a) Name the substances A to F. [2]

(b) Draw the symbol for nitrogen dioxide. [1]
(c) Describe a chemical test to distinguish A from the rest. [2]

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3 A freezer has three tubes to show if the temperature gets too high. Each tube
(A, B and C) contains a solid that melts at a different temperature. The solid
stays on top of the tube. When it melts, it drops to the bottom.

(a) The temperature inside the freezer is -2°C. Which tube(s) will contain solid [1]
at this temperature?

(b) This is what the tube looks like in another freezer.

The temperature of the fridge is below ______°C and above ____°C. [1]

(c) The contents of the tubes are made of particles. The diagram below
shows the arrangement of particles of solid B.

Given that solid B sublimes at -1°C, draw the arrangement of particles of [1]
B at 0°C.
(d) Compare the movement of the particles of B at -2°C and 2°C. [2]
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4 Sodium is stored under oil because it rapidly oxidises to form sodium oxide.
(a) Draw a ‘dot and cross’ diagram to show the bonding in sodium oxide. You [2]
need only show the outer shell electrons.

(b) Sodium oxide reacts with water to form sodium hydroxide.

(i) Write an equation for this reaction. [1]
(ii) 62 g of sodium oxide are used to make 2 dm3 of aqueous sodium [2]
hydroxide. What is the concentration, in moldm-3, of the sodium
hydroxide solution?

(c) Sodium oxide melts at a temperature >1100°C. Using its bonding and [3]
structure, explain why sodium oxide melts at this temperature?

(d) Explain whether sodium oxide is a conductor of electricity at 955°C. [2]

5 The carbonates of many metallic elements decompose when heated.

(a) Name the gas produced during the decomposition of a metal carbonate [2]
and describe a chemical test for this gas.

(b) Calcium oxide is manufactured by the decomposition of calcium [1]

carbonate. Write the equation for this decomposition.

(c) A student investigates the decomposition of five different metal

carbonates with metals from the same group. The diagram shows the
apparatus the student uses.

The student heats a 0.010 mol sample of each carbonate using the blue
flame of the same Bunsen burner. She measures the time it takes for 100
cm3 of gas to be collected in the gas syringe. The table shows her results.

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carbonate Time taken to collect 100 cm3 of gas / s
metal U carbonate 25
metal V carbonate 100
metal X carbonate 300
metal Y carbonate No gas produced after 1000 s
metal Z carbonate 50

(i) Rank the metals, in terms of their reactivity, starting from the least [1]
to most reactive.

(ii) Explain how you used the student’s results to explain the reactivity [2]
of the five metals.

(d) The nitrates of metallic elements also decompose when heated. Calcium
nitrate decomposes according to the equation :

2Ca(NO3)2( ) → 2CaO( ) + 4NO2( ) + O2( )

(i) Complete the equation above by filling up the state symbols. [1]
(ii) A 0.010 mol sample of calcium nitrate is heated. Calculate the total [2]
volume of gas produced when this sample is completely
decomposed.

6 This question is about making salts.

(a) Outline the steps on how a pure and dry sample of lead(II) chloride can [6]
be prepared from a sample of lead(II) oxide.

(b) Ammonium sulfate can be made by reacting aqueous ammonia with dilute
sulfuric acid.

(i) Write a balanced chemical equation for this reaction. Include state [2]
symbols.

(ii) Calculate the mass of ammonium sulfate that can be made from 51 [3]
g of ammonia.

(iii) Sulfuric acid is known as a strong acid. Explain what is meant as a [2]
strong acid.

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7 In separate experiments, powdered samples of metals Q and R, reacted with
solutions of nickel(II) sulfate and of iron(II) sulfate. The following table shows
how the colours of the solutions changed.

nickel(II) sulfate iron(II) sulfate

Metal Q Solution turns from green to Solution remains pale green
colourless
Metal R Solution turns from green to Solution turns from pale green to
colourless colourless

(a) Predict the order of reactivity for the four metals, Q, R, nickel and iron, [1]
from the most to the least reactive.

(b) Metal R was placed in aqueous copper(II) sulfate solution

(i) What colour change was seen? [1]
(ii) Give one other observation. [1]
(c) Write the ionic equation, with state symbols, for the reaction between iron [2]
and aqueous nickel(II) sulfate.

(d) Name 2 reagents that can be used to form iron(II) sulfate. [1]

8 The diagram shows the chromatogram of four different substances using the
same solvent. The samples were dried and their Rf values were obtained.

(a) Define the term Rf. [2]

(b) Calculate the Rf value of substance A. [1]

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(c) Explain why the base line must be drawn in pencil. [2]
(d) Explain why the solvent front must be as far as possible from the base [1]
line.
(e) From the chromatogram, how can we know that component C is pure? [1]

9 Qualitative analysis, in chemistry, involves the identification of substances or

identification of characteristic features in an unknown sample. They are usually
made up of a sequence of steps, each with its own purpose.
Answer the following questions on the objectives of some isolated sequence in
qualitative analysis.

(a) Identify the precipitate formed when a few drops of sodium hydroxide are [1]
added to a small volume of aluminium nitrate.

(b) Predict why there were no visible reaction when a few drops of aqueous [2]
ammonia were added to a solution containing Ca2+.

(c) In the flame test, dipping the splint into a solution containing the cation [1]
may not produce the expected flame colour. What could possibly be the
reason for this?

(d) When the gas evolved during the test for the presence of carbonate ions, [2]
was bubbled through limewater, a precipitate was seen. Identify this
precipitate and write a balanced chemical equation for its formation.

(e) When testing for the presence of sulfate ions, the unknown solution is to [2]
be acidified first before adding barium nitrate. Explain a reason why this
step is necessary.

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10 Three aqueous solutions K, L and M, were analysed. L was a solution of sodium

hydroxide. The tests on the solutions and some of the observations are in the
table. Complete the observations in the table. Do not write any conclusions in
the table.

tests observations
(a) Appearance of the solutions

Solution K Colourless liquid

Solution L Colourless liquid

Solution M Colourless liquid

(b) Universal indicator paper was used

to test the pH of each solution.

Solution K pH 10

Solution L pH _____ [1]

Solution M pH 2

(c) Tests on solution K

i. Drops of solution K were

added to copper(II) sulfate
solution in a test tube. Blue precipitate was formed.
Excess of solution K was
then added to the test tube. Deep blue solution was formed.

ii. Experiment (c)(i) was

repeated using aqueous
aluminium sulfate instead of White precipitate is formed which
aqueous copper(II) sulfate. does not dissolve in excess of K.

iii. A few drops of nitric acid

and silver nitrate solution
were added to solution K. No visible reaction.

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(d) Tests on solution L

i. Experiment (c)(i) was __________________________

repeated using solution L. __________________________
__________________________
[2]
ii. Experiment (c)(ii) was __________________________
repeated using solution L. __________________________
__________________________
[2]
(e) Experiment (c)(iii) was repeated White precipitate was formed
using solution M

(f) Suggest the identity of solution K. [1]

(g) What conclusions can you make about solution M? [2]

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