NPS International School

Marking Scheme
1 (a) +11°C 1

(b) Rise in temperature 1

indicates heat energy is given out 1

(c) (i) Energy level of products is lower than the energy level of reactants. 1
Or
Energy level of reactants is higher than the energy level of products.

(ii) A 1

2 ΔH = [Energy absorbed to break bonds] – [energy released to make bonds]

= [(390×3) + (280×3)] – [(155×3) + (565×3)] 2

= [1170 + 840] – [465 + 1695]

= 2010 - 2160
= -150 kJ/mol 1

Since ΔH is <0, the reaction is exothermic. 1

3 (a) CH4 + Cl2 → CH3Cl + HCl 1

(b) ΔH = [Energy absorbed to break bonds] – [energy released to make bonds]

= [(412×4) + (242×1)] – [(412×3) + (331×1) + (432×1)] 2

= [1648 + 242] – [1236 + 331 + 432]

= 1890 – 1999
= -109 kJ/mol 1

(c) Exothermic

(d) The energy absorbed to break bonds in methane and chlorine molecules is 1
lesser than
the energy released to form bonds in chloromethane and hydrogen chloride 1
molecules.

(e) Exothermic profile shape 1

Products and reactants written at the correct place 1
ΔH with arrowhead pointing downwards 1
Ea with arrowhead pointing upwards 1

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 NPS International School
4 (a) 1 g of diesel leads to a 3.75°C increase in temperature.
1 g of ethanol leads to a 3.34°C increase in temperature.
1 g of methanol leads to a 2.5°C increase in temperature.
1 g of petrol leads to a 4°C increase in temperature.

Petrol gives rise to the highest increase in temperature per unit mass. 1
Hence petrol produces the most energy per unit mass of fuel. 1

(b) 0.0024 mol of diesel leads to a 15°C increase in temperature.

0.0024 mol of ethanol leads to a 0.36°C increase in temperature.
0.0024 mol of methanol leads to a 0.188°C increase in temperature.
0.0024 mol of petrol leads to a 1.07°C increase in temperature.

Diesel gives rise to the highest increase in temperature per mole. 1

Hence diesel produces the most energy per mole of fuel. 1

(c) Any 2: 2
Some of the energy was lost to the surroundings.
Some of the energy was used to evaporate some of the water.
The copper container absorb some of the heat energy.
Incomplete combustion resulted in a lower energy released.

(d) B 1

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