CGA Compressed Gas Association The Standard For Safety Since 1913 CGA C-6—2019 SA aaa clU Ue INSPECTION OF STEEL COMPRESSED GAS CYLINDERS TWELFTH EDITIONPAGE i COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, INC. CGA C-6~2019 PLEASE NOTE: ‘The information contained in this document was obtained from sources believed to be reliable and is based on technical information and experience currently available from members of the Compressed Gas Association, Inc. and others. However, the Association or its members, jointly or severally, make no guarantee of the results and ‘assume no liabilty of responsibilty in connection with the information or suggestions herein contained, Moreover, it should nt be assumed that every acceptable commodity grade, test or safety procedure or method, precaution, ‘equipment or device is contained within, or that abnormal or unusual circumstances may not warrant or suggest further requirements or additional procedure This document is subject to periodic review, and users are cautioned to obtain the latest edition, The Association invites comments and suggestions for consideration. In connection with such review, any such comments or suggestions will be fully reviewed by the Association after giving the party, upon request, a reasonable oppor- tunity to be heard, Proposed changes may be submitted via the Internet at our website, ww caanet com, ‘This document should not be confused with federal, state, provincial, or municipal specifications or regulations: insurance requirements; or national safety codes. While the Association recommends reference to or use of this document by government agencies and others, this document is purely voluntary and not binding unless adopted by reference in regulations. A listing of all publications, audiovisual programs, safety and technical bulletins, and safety posters is available Via the Internet at our website at vow cganet.com. For more information contact CGA at Phone: 703-788-2700, ext. 799. E-mail: customerservice@caanet com. Work tem 18-008, Cylinder Specifications Committee NOTE—Technical changes from the previous edition are underlined NOTE—Appendix A (Informative) is for information only ‘TWELFTH EDITION: 2019 ELEVENTH EDITION. 2013 TENTH EDITION: 2007 NINTH EDITION: 2005 (©2019 The Compressed Gas Association, Inc.All rights reserved All materials contained in tis work are protected by United States and inteational copyright laws. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmited in any form a by any means, electronic or mechanical including photocopying, recording or any information storage and relrieval system without permission in wriing fom The Compressed Gas Association, Inc. All requests. for ‘ermission to reproduce materia rom this work should be directed to The Compressed Gas Association, Inc. 8484 Westpark Drive, ‘Suite 220, McLean, VA 22102, You may not alter or remove any trademark, copyright or other notice rom this work.CGA C-6—2019, COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, INC PAGE ti Contents 1) Introduction. 2 Scope 3 Definitions 4 Inspection equipment 41° Depth gauges, metallic scales, etc. 42 Ultrasonic devices 4.3 Magnetic particle inspection 4.4 — Penetrant inspection materials 4.5 Weight scales 5 Markings. 6 Lowpressure cylinders exempt from pressure testing, 6.1 Preparation for inspection 62 Exterior inspection 63 Inspection report 7 Low pressure cylinders subject to pressure testing, 7.1 Preparation for inspection 7.2 Internal inspection 8 High pressure cylinders. 8.1 Preparation for inspection 8.2 Hammer test. 8.3 Exterior inspection. 84 Internal inspection 8 References. 10 Additional references. Figures Figure 1—Crevice corrosion near the cylinder footring Figure 2—Crevice corrosion (cutaway view). Figure 3—General corrosion with pitting... Figure 4—General corrosion with pitting on cylinder wall Figure 5—Isotated pitting Figure 6—Line corrosion. Figure 7—Measuring the length of a dent. Ficiire Relative mitted danth enemeinn Ince Figure 9—Bulged cylinder on left, normal cylinder on right Figure 10—Cylinder section on left wth removable boot: cylinder section on right with permanent boot (cutaway side view) Figure 11—Cylinder section on left with removable boot; cylinder section on right with permanent boot (cutaway bottom view). Figure 12—Inspection requirements for corrosion limits Figure 13a—Evaluation of pit diameters for an isolated pit Figure 13b—Evaluation of pit diameters for isolated pits Figure 14a—Evaluation of cluster pitting that may be considered an isolated pit Figure 14b—Evaluation of cluster piting that shall be considered an area of general corrosion Figure 15—Bulged fire-damaged cylinder Figure 16—Example of an attachment Figure 17—Example of an attachment (cylinder with a removable boot) Figure 18—Example of an attachment Page 1 BANS @ aan000 © 18 16 16 16 18 16 25 26 26 Boan neuen 15 7 19 20 20 21 24 24CGA C-6~2019, COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, INC. PAGE 1 1 Introduction Title 49 of the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations (49 CFR), Parts 100-180, Hazardous Materials Regulations of the U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT) as well as the regulations of Transport Canada (TC) require that a cylinder be condemned when it leaks, when there is intemal or external corrosion, denting, bulging, or when ‘evidence of rough usage exists tothe extent that the cylinder is likely to be weakened appreciably (1].' Until 1970, U.S. regulations applicable to compressed gas cylinders were under the authority of the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC). Older cylinders, therefore, can be identified by an ICC stamping. Such cylinders are now regulated according to DOT requirements. NOTE—Under prescribed conditions of use, a formal visual inspection has been authorized in lieu of the periodic pressure retest for certain low pressure cylinders used for noncorrosive gas service. See 49 CFR 180.209 for DOT requirements or Clause 24 of CSA 8939, Cylinders, spheres, and tubes forthe transportation of dangerous goods, for TC requirements [1.2] For further information on pressure retest methods, see CGA C-1, Methods for Pressure Tasting Compressed Gas Cylinders a NOTE—Wherever reference is made to DOT regulations, similar requirements can be found in TC regulations. Older cylinders ‘can be marked CTC, BTC, or CRC. 2 Scope This standard provides cylinder users (requalifers, owners, filers, operators, etc.) with criteria to accept, reject, ‘and condemn steel compressed gas cylinders. This standard does not cover all citcumstances for each individual cylinder type and condition of lading [NOTE —Special permit cyinders may contain ther own visual inspection citeria in he special permit In situations where a particular cylinder design type is not covered by this standard, users shall modify their inspection procedures. If a particular compressed gas service has unique detrimental effects on a cylinder’s internal or external condition, these shall also be considered by the user. Experience in the inspection of cylinders is an important factor in determining the acceptability of a given cylinder for continued service. Users lacking this experience who have questionable cylinders should return them to a manufacturer of the same type of cylinders or to a competent requalifcation agency for re-inspection ‘Suggestions contained in this standard do not apply to cylinders manufactured under specification DOT-3HT. CTC-3HT, or TC-3HTM. Because of the special provisions of that specification, separate recommendations cov- ering service life and standards for visual inspection of these cylinders are contained in CGA C-8, Standard for Requalifcation of DOT-3HT, CTC-3HT, and TC-3HTM Seamless Stool Cylinders (4) For cylinders manufactured under specification DOT-8, DOT-BAL, CTC-8, CTC-8AL, CTC-8WC, TC-8WM, or ‘TC-8WAM, see CGA C-13, Standard for Periodic Visual Inspection and Requalification of Acetylene Cylinders (5) For aluminum alloy cylinders, see CGA C-6.1, Standard for Visual Inspection of High Pressure Aluminum Alloy Compressed Gas Cylinders; CGA C-8.2, Standard for Visual Inspection and Requalifcation of Fiber Reinforced High Pressure Cylinders; and CGA C-6.3, Standard for Visual Inspection of Low Pressure Aluminum Alloy Com- pressed Gas Cylinders (6, 7, 8) Inspection procedures include preparation of cylinders for inspection, exterior inspection, interior inspection (if required), nature and extent of damage to be looked for, and tests that indicate the conditions of the cylinder, etc. A sample inspection report for low pressure cylinders exempt from pressure testing is shown in Appendix A This sample inspection report may be revised to suit user or regulatory requirements, * References are shown by bracketed numbers and are listed in order of appearance inthe reference section,CGA C-6~2019, COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, INC. Pace 3 Figure 2—Crevice corrosion (cutaway view) 3.24.2 General corrosion Corrosion that covers considerable surface areas of the cylinder. Examples of general corrosion are shown in Figures 3 and 4 NOTE—General corrosion reduces the structural strength. Its often dificult to measure or estimate the depth of general Corrosion because direct comparison with the orginal wall cannot always be made. General corrosion is often accompanied by pitting, Figure 3—Gener I corrosion with pitting 1 with pitting on cylinder wallCGA C-6~2019, COMPRESSED Gas ASSOCIATION, INC. Pace 5 3.23 Cylind. 3.2.3.4 High pressure Cylinders with a marked service pressure of 900 psi (6210 kPa) or greater? 3.23.2 Low pressure Cylinders with a marked service pressure less than 900 psi (6210 kPa). 3.2.4 Cylinder disposition The following definitions apply to terms for the disposition of cylinders failing visual inspection, 3.24.4 Condemned No longer fit for service, NOTE—A condemned cylinder is required to be removed from service. 3242 Rejected Not fi for service in present concition NOTE—Rejected cylinders may be requaliied by either additional testing to verity adequacy of cylinder for continued service (or by reheat treatment, repair, of rebuilding to correct the defect as specified in 49 CFR Part 180 Subpart C [1], A cylinder ‘may also have its pressure downgraded with written approval from the authority having jurisdiction (AHL) 3.2.5 Cylinder sidewall Portion of the | to the centerline axis linder, excluding the cylinder ends. 3.2.6 Dents Deformations in a cylinder caused by its coming in contact with a blunt object so that the thickness of metal is ‘not materially impaired. An example of a dent is shown in Figure 7 Figure 7—Measuring the length of a dent ° kPa shall indicate gauge pressure uniess otherwise noted as (kPa, abs) for absolute pressure or (kPa, aitferential) fr differ- tential pressure, AllkKPa values are rounded off per CGA P-11, Guideline for Metric Practice in the Compressed Gas Industry (9CGA C-6—2019, COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, INC. Pace 7 6 Low pressure cylinders exempt from pressure testing This section covers cylinders exempt from pressure retest requirements of DOT or TC by virtue of their exclusive Use in certain noncorrosive gas service. They are not subject to intemal corrosion and do not require internal shell inspection. If, due to unusual circumstances, cylinders of these types are known to have intemal corrosion, they shall be inspected in accordance with the procedures in Section 7 6.1 Preparation for inspection At the time of requalification, rust, scale, multilayered paint or coatings, other foreign materials, sleeves, or labels and attachments that could interfere with the inspection shail be completely removed from the external surface 80 itis prepared for inspection ‘Typical labels can be found in CGA C-7, Guide to Classification and Labeling of Compressed Gases and are cussed in 49 CFR 172 [11, 1 62 Exterior inspection Cylinders shall be inspected as outlined in 6.2.1 through 6.2.8 for corrosion, dents, cuts, digs, gouges, leaks. fire damage, general distortion, or any other defect that could indicate a weakness that would render them unfit for service. 621 Corrosion 6.24.4 Corrosion limits To set corrosion limits in this standard for all types, designs, and sizes of cylinders is not practicable. Failure fo ‘meet any of the following four criteria shall be cause for condemning a cylinder. (1) When a cylinder exhibits corrosion, the cylinder shall be condemned when the tare weight is less than 90% of the original stamped tare weight. A cylinder shall be rejected when the tare weight is less than 95% of the ‘original stamped tare weight. A rejected cylinder may be requalified in accordance with 49 CFR Part 180 Subpart by water jacket or direct expansion testing with determination of expansion measurements [1]. When deter- ‘mining tare weight, be sure the cylinder is empty, Cylinders that are used exclusively in noncorrosive gas service ‘and meet one or more of the conditions below are exempt from the tare weight checking requirement: ‘contain at least 15 psi (103 kPa) of pressure: © connected to a closed system; or * equipped with a device such as a residual pressure valve (RPV) or check valve that ensures positive pres- sure in the cylinder. (2) A cylinder shall be condemned when the remaining wall thickness in an area that has isolated pitting is less than one-third of the minimum allowable design thickness (le). See Figure 5. (3) A cylinder shall be condemned when line or crevice line corrosion on the cylinder is 3 in (76 mm) in length or greater and the remaining wall thickness is less than three-fourths of the minimum allowable design thickness (te). When line or crevice corrosion is less than 3 in (76 mm) in length and the remaining wall thickness is less than one-haif the minimum allowable design thickness (t.), the cylinder shall be condemned. See Figures 1, 2, and 6. (4) Acylinder shall be condemned when the remaining wall thickness in an area of general corrosion is less than one-half of the minimum allowable design thickness (I.). See Figures 3 and 4. 6.2.1.2 Representative cylinder wall thickness To use the criteria in 6.2.1.1, itis necessary to know the original wall thickness of the cylinder or the minimum allowable design thickness (ls). Tables 1 and 2 provide minimum allowable design thicknesses ((,) for a number of common sizes of low pressure cylinders likely to be governed by the criteria of this section,CGA C-6—2019, COMPRESSED GAs ASSOCIATION, INC. Pace 9 Table 2—TC minimum allowable design thickness (ta) for common sizes of low-pressure cylinders Nominal eylinder Minimum allowable outside diameter TC specification marking design thickness (t) (mm) (nm) 102 4BMa4 179 127, aoM28 1.83 127 48M16, 4817 1 12 48028 210 182 aBAMO4 182 182 48M34 267 156 4816, 4BN7 2.30 171 48M21 2.30 178 BAND 2.00 203 48M28 2.93 203 48616, 4817 2.30 208; -46N21 230 203; SBAMZ 2.00 29 M16, 48M17 2.30 a= “nT, eBwnteaBa47 ABN oa jl “BANG, BW ASANTE, Pe 305 “40M16, 48017 267 205; ‘4BAMT6, 4BWM16, 4BAMI7, 4BWM17 2.00 368; 48M16, 4BMT7 3.22 368 “48AM16, 4BWM16, 4BAMTT, 4WM17 224 268 EE] 429 368 SAMS 626 559 48M16, 4BMT7 490 359 ‘4BAMI6, 48/M16, 4BAMI7, 4BWMI7 3.35 610 48M16, 48M17 5.35 610 “4BANI6, 48WWM16, 4BAMTT, ABVIMTT 3.66 762 48M16, 4BM17 6.68 | |eaeaeabe, “4BAM16, 4BWM16, 4BAM17, 4BWM17_ | 457 1) Some cylinders have thicker walls due to aitferences in manufacturing methods and inspection Procedures. Values shown are for absolute minimum allowed by specticatons. using tne ‘maximum allowable design stress and where applicable maximum jot eficeney for three pees designs. Higher values may be used i informaton showing ticker wal than those Isted bane om the manufacture ofthe cyinder The ue of UT fs suggested for determining WallCGA C-6—2019. COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, INC. Pace 11 6.2.24 Dents at welds Where denting occurs so that any part of the deformation includes a weld, the maximum allowable dent depth shall be 0.25 in (6.35 mm) as measured on both the longitudinal and horizontal plane. The deeper of the two ‘measurements shall be used to determine the depth of the dent 6.2.2.2 Dents away from welds ‘When denting occurs so that no part of the deformation includes a weld, the cylinder shall be rejected if the depth of the dent is greater than one-tenth of the greatest dimension of the dent. 623 Cuts, gouges, or digs Guts, gouges, or digs reduce the wall thickness of the cylinder and contribute to increased stress. Depth limits are set in the following paragraphs; however, cylinders shall be condemned at one-half of the limit set whenever the length of the defect is 3 in (76 mm) or greater. ‘When the original wall thickness at manufacture is not known and the actual wall thickness cannot be measured, «a cylinder shall be condemned if the cut, gouge, or dig is greater than one-half of the minimum allowable design thickness (t) Example: In a 14.6 in nominal diameter DOT-4B240, 100 lb (45.4 kg) propane cylinder, the depth of the defect shall not exceed one-half of 0.124 in or 0.062 in (1/16 in). If the defect was 3 in or greater in length, it shall not exceed one-half of 0.062 in or 0.031 in (1/32 in). When the original wall thickness at manufacture is known or the actual wall thickness is measured, a cylinder shall be condemned ifthe original wall thickness minus the depth of the defect is less than one-half of the mini- mum allowable design thickness (t.). 624 Leaks Leaks originate from a number of sources such as defects in a welded or brazed seam, defects at the threaded ‘opening, or from sharp dents, digs, gouges, or pits. To check for leaks, the cylinder shall be charged with a dry or inert gas to a minimum of 50 ps! (350 kPa) but not to-exceed the maximum service pressure of the cylinder and examined, Seams, pressure openings, sharp dents, digs, gouges, and pits shall be coated with a leak detection solution or evaluated by another leak detection method that can detect the escape of gas. Any leakage is cause for rejection NOTE—For cylinders in certain er chi nis with the usericustomer before requaliying the cvinder. 625 — Firedamage Cylinders shall be inspected for evidence of exposure to fre 625.4 Inspection for fire damage Common evidence of exposure to fe is: + distortion or melting of the valve handwhee! + charting or burning ofthe paint or other protective coat + buming or scaring ofthe metal + distortion of the cylinder ‘+ melted-out fuse plugs or plugs with visibly extruded fusible metal: or ‘© burning or melting of the valve.CGA C-6~2019 COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, INC. Pace 13, 1 Measurement Bulges in cylinders can be measured as follows: * Bulges on the cylinder sidewall can be measured by comparing a series of circumferential measurements, ‘+ Bulges in the head, and also in some cases on the sidewall, can be measured by comparing a series of measurements of the peripheral distance between the valve spud and the center seam (if any) or an equiv- alent fixed location on the cylinder sidewall; and ‘+ Variations from normal cylinder contour can be measured directly by measuring the height of a bulge with a scale or comparing templates of bulged areas with similar areas not bulged. 6.26.2 Limits Cylinders shall be condemned when a variation of 1% or greater is found in the measured circumferences or in peripheral distances measured from the valve spud to the center seam (or equivalent fixed point). An example for a 15 in (381 mm) outside diameter cylinder follows: in i [ Normal cylinder outside diameter 15 Cylinder circumference 47.12 Maximum circumference (47.12 + 0147.12) | 47.59 Variation in circumference oar | Equivalent variation in diameter 247. 015 3et If the bulge is uniform around the cylinder, the limiting height of the bulge would be: | 0.18in (381mm) a = 0.078 in (1.90 mm) 6.2.7 Neck defects Cylinder necks shall be examined for cracks, folds, and other flaws. Neck defects can be detected by testing (spraying or covering) the neck during charging operations with a compatible leak detection solution or evaluated by another leak detection method thal can detect the escape of gas Cylinder neck threads shall be examined whenever the valve is removed from the cylinder. At manufacture, cylinders have @ specified number of full threads of proper form as required in applicable thread standards Cylinders shall be rejected ifthe required number of effective threads is materially reduced so that a gas-tight ‘seal cannot be obtained by valving methods specific to the cylinder and vaive. More information on threads can be found in CGA V-1, Standard for Compressed Gas Cylinder Valve Outlet and Inlet Connections [12]. Thread defects can include, but are not limited to, worn or corroded crests and broken or nicked threads. Each time the valves are removed, all threads of cylinders in corrosive service shall be visually inspected by an inspector knowledgeable in the specifications for these threads and familiar with the requirements of this section to confirm the suitabilty of these threads for continued service. As manufactured, cylinders shall have @ minimum length of full thread as specified in the "L-1 + L-3" column of Table 4 in CGA V-1 [12] Using sufficient lighting, the inspector shall visually determine the number of full threads. A thread shall be con- sidered full if its root and crest display no significant visual difference to that of the uppermost cylinder thread, ‘Threads that do not meet these criteria are incomplete or a partial thread Cylinder threads shall be inspected for missing threads, missing thread segments, cracks, and any other abnor- ‘mal thread conditions resulting from structural defects, corrosion, or damage. ‘The acceptance criteria for continued use of the cylinder threads shall require: + fortapered threads, at least five continuous full threads;CGA C-6~2019, COMPRESSED Gas ASSOCIATION, INC. Pace 15 ls Figure 10—Cylinder section on left with removable boot; cylinder section on right with permanent boot (cutaway side view) Figure 11—Cylinder section on left with removable boot; cylinder section on right with permanent boot (cutaway bottom view) 7 Low pressure cylinders subject to pressure testing Cylinders covered in this section are low pressure cylinders not exempted from pressure retest requirements by 49 CFR Part 180, Subpart C or Clause 24 of CSA 8339 [1, 2]. Requirements for exempted cylinders are covered in Section 6. Cylinders not exempted require a periodic pressure retest that includes an internal and external examination. Defect limits for the extemal examination are prescribed in Section 6 of this standard. Additional procedures for internal inspection follow. 7.1 Preparation for inspection The provisions outlined in 6.1 and 6.2 shall be followed. Additionally, the interior of the cylinder shall be prepared for inspection by the removal of internal scale or other condition that could interfere with the inspection of the intemal surface. Cylinders with an interior coating shall be examined for defects in the coating. A defective coating shall be removed.CGA C-6~2019, CoMPRessED Gas ASSOCIATION, INC. Pace 17 The actual measured wall thickness shall be at least 95% of the minimum allowable design thickness (ts) or the cylinder shall be condemned. Whenever the corrosion includes isolated pits, the cylinder shall be examined using the criteria in 8.3.1.3. Figure 12 shows the acceptance/rejection criteria of cylinders with isolated pits and general corrosion. The following formula can be used to calculate the minimum allowable design thickness (ls) for DOT-3A and DOT-3AA high pressure cylinders and was used to develop the factors in Table 3: ty -2)1-_ [Se e° 2) ¥sv04P tu Minimum allowable design thickness D = Cylinder outside diameter Pp Minimum test pressure s Maximum wall stress + 100% .— oo 3 (= lowable eines below lind pi and prarlcoToion 2 0s | aecerr + amen eee ae ae | 5, “Stmemeetnee £ {t= minimum allowable (limiting) wall thickness in service 3 g o REVECT Sos i = :” < ISOLATED |» ¢— GENERAL CORROSION Limit) [-———-—__—» 2 - PITS (1), 5 a0 3 (1) Ph ameter shal be the lesser of 15 mm oF 2 EB sm | =z om ‘coo 100 ~~200~«3a0~—ao «Soon <0 ea 9n0 0.00 Dy Ite, Ratio ALLOWABLE REMAINING THICKNESS Figure 12—Inspection requirements for corrosion limitsCGA C-6—2019, COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, INC. Pace 19 b) When the original tare weight is unknown: i) ii) 8.3.4.3 {f the in-service minimum allowable wall thickness (ts) is known or determinable by calculation in 8.3.1 or by Table 3, the cylinder is to be condemned when either: ‘a. The remaining wall thickness within the area of general corrosion as directly measured by ultrasonic ‘equipment such as a thickness gauge is below the in-service minimum allowable wall thickness (,) 'b. The remaining wall thickness within the area of general corrosion as calculated by measuring the depth of the external corrosion and subtracting this measurement from the minimum allowable de- Sign thickness ({.) of the cylinder as measured by a depth gauge is below the in-service minimum allowable wall thickness (t.) Whether the cylinder is condemned or not, these measurements shall be documented as part of the records; or If the in-service minimum allowable wall thickness (t.) is unknown or the remaining wall thickness is not known, then the cylinder shall be condemned when the general corrosion covers greater than 20% of the cylinder surface area. Cylinders with a water capacity greater than 500 lb (227 kg) such as tube trailers and MEGCs shall comply with (i)a or (ib. If the general corrosion is less than 20%, measure the remaining wall thickness as described in 83.1.1 and condemn the cylinder when the remaining wall thickness is less than the limiting wall thickness. Isolated pits ‘An isolated pit is any area of corrosion that is smaller in diameter than two times the minimum allowable design thickness (t.) or 0.6 in (15 mm), whichever is less, and the distance from the center of the pit to the center of the ‘next nearest pit shall be greater than the sum of the diameters of the two pits. See Figures 13a and 13b, Isolated pits shall not exceed one-third of the minimum allowable design thickness (t.) Cylinders shall be condemned when they exhibit isolated pits with a depth greater than one-third of the minimum allowable design thickness (t.) Diameter cannot exceed the less of 2 x fy oF 0.6 in (15 mm) Figure 13a—Evaluation of pit diameters for an isolated pitCGA C-6~2019, COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, INC. Pace 21 D.=2xt De= Diameter of the cluster envelope Figure 14b—Evaluation of cluster pitting that shall be considered an area of general corrosion 83.2 Cuts, gouges, or digs, 3.24 Measurement Cuts, gouges, or digs can be measured with suitable depth gauges. Any upset metal shall be smoothed off to allow true measurements without causing further damage to the parent metal 83.22 Limits Limits for cuts, gouges, or digs are established in 8.3.1 by stress considerations. 83.2.3 General ‘Any defect of appreciable depth having a sharp bottom raises stress. Even though a cylinder could be acceptable from a stress standpoint, it is common practice to remove such defects. After any such conditioning operation, verification ofthe cylinder strength shall be made by wall thickness measurement followed by pressure testing. 83.3 Dents Dents can be tolerated when the cylinder walls not excessively or abruptly deformed. General appearance of a exlinder can influence the evaluation of dents. In general, industry practice fora 9 in (229 mm) diameter by 51 in (1295 mm) long cylinder permits dents up to 1/16 in (0.062 in; 1.58 mm) depth when the major diameter of the dent is2 in (51 mm) or greater. 8.3.4 Arc and torch burns Cylinders with are or torch burns shall be condemned. Defects of this nature can be recognized by one of the following conditions: ‘+ removal of metal by scarfing or eratering + scarfing or burning of the base metal; + hardened heat-affected zone (color change); or + deposit of weld metal or displacement of base metal 83.5 Bulges Cylinders are manufactured with a reasonably symmetrical shape. Those with definite visible bulges such as bulges caused by fire damage shall be condemned. See Figure 15CGA C-6~2019, COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, INC. Pace 23 83.7 Neck defects Cylinder necks shall be examined for cracks, folds, and other flaws. Neck defects can be detected by testing (spraying or covering) the neck during charging operations with a compatible leak detection solution or evaluated by another leak detection method th jetect the escape of gas, Cylinder neck threads shall be examined whenever the valve is removed from the cylinder. At manufacture, cylinders have a specified number of full threads of proper form as required in applicable thread standards Cylinders shall be rejected if the required number of effective threads is materially reduced so a gas-tight seal ‘cannot be obtained by valving methods specific to the cylinder and the valve. More information on threads can bbe found in CGA V-1 [12]. Thread defects can include but are not limited to worn or corroded crests and broken or nicked threads, Each time the valves are removed, all threads of cylinders in corrosive service shall be visually inspected by an inspector knowledgeable in the specifications for these threads and familiar with the requirements of this section, to-confirm the suitability of these threads for continued service. As manufactured, cylinders shall have a minimum length of full thread as specified in the "L-1 + L-3" column of Table 4, CGA V-1 [12], Using sufficient lighting, the inspector shall visually determine the number of full threads. A thread shall be con- sidered full if its root and crest display no significant visual difference to that of the uppermost cylinder thread. ‘Threads that do not meet these criteria are incomplete or a partial thread Cylinder threads shall be inspected for missing threads, missing thread segments, cracks, and any other abnor- mal thread conditions resulting from structural defects, corrosion, or damage. ‘The acceptance criteria for continued use of the cylinder threads shall require: + fortapered threads, at least seven continuous ful threads; + forstraiaht threads, atleast six full threads: ‘no visible cracks in the threads or adjacent visible areas: and ‘+ no visible damage from corrosion or other sources that can adversely affect the structural integrity of the threads or valve installation NOTE—Cylinders manufactured to @ specification with less than the aforementioned number of threads shall retain all ‘threads ina full, continuous, undamaged condition for requalifcation or continued service, Cylinders failing to meet the criteria as listed previously shall be rejected or condemned. Cylinders shall be rejected if a gas-tight seal cannot be attained after the cylinder is valved. 83.8 Attachments ‘Attachments on cylinders can lose their intended function through service abuse. These attachments and the associated portion of the cylinder shall be inspected. Welding is not permitted on high pressure cylinders. When the cylinder bears an attachment such as a footring, collar, sleeve, flange, tube nut, or neckring that covers ‘portion of the cylinder surtace, the attachment and the cylinder surface surrounding the attachment shall receive particular attention. See Figures 16, 17, and 18. These attachments shall be removed if there are indications of Corrosion underneath or falling engagement between an attachment and the cylinder. The entire region of at- tachment to the cylinder shall be inspected for entry of moisture to the areas of the cylinder surface that cannot be seen. In the case of adhesive attachments, any evidence of a break in the seal is cause for removal of the attachment. Use of a dull probing too! is recommended. Plastic materials shall be inspected for gouges or splits that, if present, also would require removal ofthe attachment, The footring and neckring of cylinders can no longer perform their respective functions if they do not cause the cylinder to remain stable and upright and provide proper attachment of the valve protection cap. Rings shall be examined for distortion, looseness, or condition of threads.CGA C-6—-2019, COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, INC. Pace 25, Figure 18—Example of an attachment 8.4 Internal inspection Cylinders shall be inspected internally ‘+ when the valve is required to be removed for periodic requalification (for example, pressure testin + ifthe eylinder fails the hammer test * forcertain gas service changes as specified in CGA C-10, Guideline to Prepare Cylinders and Tubes for Gas Service and Changes in Gas Service [15]: or ‘* when internal contamination or corrosion is suspected. NOTE—Some requalification methods in Special Permits or Equivalency Certficates do not reauire intemal inspection during ‘equaliication, 8.4.1 Preparation for inspection The interior of cylinders shall be prepared for inspection by removing dirt, scale, or other conditions as necessary to permit the inspection of the intemal surface. Cylinders with an interior coating shall be examined for defects in the coating, If the coating is defective, the cyinder shall be removed from service and evaluated for repair, change of service, or condemnation, ‘An inspection light of sufficient intensity to clearly illuminate interior walls is mandatory for internal inspection. 84.2 Corrosion ‘A variety of nondestructive testing (NDT) methods can be used to detect and evaluate corrosion such as pitting, line corrosion, and general comosion. Some types of NDT methods include pressure testing, AE testing, UT visual inspection, magnetic particle, and eddy current Interior general corrosion can be evaluated by ultrasonic examination or a pressure test combined with visual inspection. Thickness measuring and flaw detection devices of the ultrasonic type may be used to evaluate spe- cific conditions. For corrosion limits, see 8.3.1 8.4.3 Interior defects and contaminants ‘A cylinder shall be withdrawn from service for further evaluation when doubt exists as to its suitability for contin- ued service. Examples of internal defects include cuts, mechanical abrasions, and fabrication irregularities. Ex. amples of internal contaminants include ‘and inorganic material such as oils, greases, markings from ‘crayons or other markers, thread lubricants, paint, cleaning agents and their residue, weld spatter and slag, rust and scale, metal particles, sand, dirt, lint, fiber, raas, paper, wood, coal dust, and other foreign materials.Pace, COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, INC CGA C-6~2019 Tables le 1—DOT minimum allowable design thickness (t,) for common sizes of low pressure cylinders 8 ‘Table 2—TC minimum allowable design thickness (t,) for common sizes of low-pressure cylinders. 9 ‘Table 3—Factors for calculation of minimum allowable design thickness ({.) for DOT-3A and DOT-3AA high Pressure cylinders. 18 Appendix ‘Appendix A—Sample visual inspection report form (which may be used for cylinder requalification) (Informative) S arPace 2, COMPRESSED Gas ASSOCIATION, ING. CGA C-6—2019 3 Definitions For the purpose of this standard, the following definitions apply. 3.1 Publication terminology 3.4.4 Shall Indicates that the procedure is mandatory. It is used wherever the criterion for conformance to specific recom- ‘mendations allows no deviation 34.2 Should indicates that a procedure is recommended 31.3 May Indicates that the procedure is optional 34.4 Will |s.used only to indicate the future, not a degree of requirement 34.5 Can Indicates a possibilty or ability, 3.2 Technical definitions 3.24 Corrosion or pitting Loss of wall thickness in a cylinder by corrosive media, NOTE—There are several kinds of piting or corrosion to be considered 3.244 Crevice corrosion Corrosion that occurs in the area of the intersection of the footring or headring with the cylinder. Examples of crevice corrosion are shown in Figures 1 and 2 jure 1—Crevice corrosion near the cylinder footringPace 4 COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, INC. CGA C-6—2019 3.2.4.3 Isolated pitting Any area of corrosion that is smaller in diameter than two times the minimum allowable design thickness (t.) or 0.6 in (15 mm), whichever is less; and for which the distance from the center of the pit to the center of the next nearest pit is greater than the sum of the diameters of the two pits. See Figures 13a and 13b. An example of isolated pitting is shown in Figure 5 Figure 5—Isolated pitting 3.21.4 Line corrosion ‘Series of pits closely spaced as to appear to be in a line, NOTE—This condition is more serious than isolated pitting. An example of lin corrosion is shown in Figure 6. Figure 6—Line corrosion 3.2.2 Cuts, gouges, or digs imperfections that result in the loss of wall thickness caused by sharp objects that cut into or upset the metalPace 6 COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, INC CGA C-6~2019 3.2.7 Minimum allowable design thickness (t2) Minimum design thickness required by the specification under which the cylinder was manufactured, 3.2.8 Multi-element gas containers (MEGCs) ‘Assembly of UN cylinders, UN tubes, or UN bundles of cylinders that are interconnected by a manifold and are assembled within a framework =—The MECG module includes serv id structural equipment necessary forth ris of gases. 3.29 Tube trailer Modules of cylinders mounted on motor vehicles or in frames as defined in 49 CFR 173.301) [1] 4 Inspection equipment 44 Depth gauges, metallic scales, etc. Exterior corrosion, denting, bulging, gouges, or digs are normally measured by simple direct measurement with ‘metallic scales or depth gauges. In brief, a rigid straightedge having a length greater than the span of the defect(s) being evaluated is placed over the defect and a metallic scale is used to measure the distance from the bottom of the straightedge to the bottom of the defect. Commercial depth gauges that are especially suitable for meas- tring the depth of small cuts or pits are also available. Like the straightedge, a depth gauge or scale shall span the entire affected area. When measuring cuts, the upset metal shall be removed or compensated for so that ‘only the actual depth of metal removed from the cylinder wall is measured, The minimum increment resolution of all inspection equipment shall be considered prior to taking any measurement. 42 Ultrasonic devices ‘There are a variety of commercial ultrasonic devices available that can be used to detect subsurface faults and ‘measure wall thicknesses. The ultrasonic devices shall be calibrated for the cylinder to be inspected, 4.3 Magnetic particle inspection Magnetic particle inspection can be adapted for cylinder inspection to quickly locate surface faults not readily Visible to the naked eye. Inspection of cylinders using this method shall only be performed by a trained person {qualified in accordance with a recognized standard such as The American Society for Nondestructive Testing (ASNT) SNT-TC-1A, Personnel Qualification and Certification in Nondestructive Testing [10]. It is particularly important that the cylinder is demagnetized 4.4 Penetrant inspection materials Dye penetrant materials that show surface faults not readily visible to the naked eye are available. Inspection of cylinders using this method shall only be performed by a trained person. Its particularly important that the in- spected cylinder surface be cleaned before and after this test is performed. 4.5 Weight scales On cylinders marked with tare weights, weight scales can be used to detect wall loss by comparing the current i 1 tare weight, of fo reveal a change in the accessories that were installed at time of manufactur (€.9., valves, collars, foot rings, ete. Weight scales shall be capable of verifying the cylinder tare weight to an accuracy of 1% of the tare weight of the linder being weighé 5 Markings Cylinders requalified in nce with this standar 1e marked according to 49 CFR Part 180, CSA 8339, ‘Special Permits, of Equi Certificates, as applicable [1, 2Pace 8 COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, INC. CGA C-6~2019 Table 1—DOT minimum allowable design thickness (t,) for common sizes of low pressure cylinders, Nominalcylinder ‘Minimum allowable ea DOT specification marking design pit i 4 48500 qo71 5 “48400 071 5 “48240 0.043 6 “48400 0.090 6 “4BA500 0.078 6 ‘48500 0.107, 6 48240 0.090 675 48300 0.090, 7 4BA300 0.078 a “48400 ons 8 “48240 (0.090 8 ‘48300 (9.080 8 ‘4BA300 0.078 9 48240 0.090 9 ‘4BA240, 48240, 4BA300, 48300 0.078 10 ‘4BA240, 4BW240, 48A300, 48300 0078 12 48240 2.102, 2 “4BA240, 4BW240 0.078 145 48240 0.124 145 -4BA240, 4BW240 0.085 145 4BA620 9.092 145 4AA480 0.185 145 3A480 0212 22 48240 0.188, 22 -4BA240, 48240 0.129, 2 48240 (0.205 24 “48240, 4BWV240 9.140 30 48240 0.256 30 4BA240, 480240 0.175 ” Some cylinders have thicker walls due to differences in manufacturing methods and inspection procedures. Values shown are for absolute minimum allowed by specifications i le desian stress and where appli int efficien {or three-piece designs. Higher values may be used if information showing thicker walls than those listed is obtained from the manufacturer of the cylinder. The use of ultrasonic testing (UT) is suggested for determining wall thickness.Pace 10. CompResseD Gas ASSOCIATION, INC. CGA C-6~2019 6.2.4.3 Application of limits To illustrate how to establish actual corrosion rejection limits, a cylinder of DOT 48240 with 14.5 in nominal diameter is used. From Table 1, the minimum allowable design thickness (t.) is 0.124 in. Minimum allowable design wall thicknesses are shown in Ts T cylinders and Table 2 for TC cylinders. 6.21.31 General corrosion accompanied by pitting ‘The following criteria shall be met to condemn a cylinder with general corrosion accompanied by pitting: ‘+ When the actual wall thickness can be measured, the cylinder shall be condemned when the remaining wall thickness is less than 0,062 in (Example: 0.124 in x 1/2 = 0.062 in). See 6.2.1.1 (4); ‘+ When the wall thickness cannot be measured and the original wall thickness is unknown, the cylinder shall be condemned when the deepest pit in the general corrosion area exceeds 0.042 in. This is because general corrosion already will have removed 0.021 in of original wall and the total pit depth is (0.021 in + 0.042 in = 0.062 in. The remaining wall thickness is then 0.062 in (see Notes 1 and 2); or * When the actual wall thickness cannot be measured but the original wall thickness is known, the cylinder shall be condemned when the original wall, less one and one-half times the maximum pit depth, is less than 0.063 in. NOTE 1—Athough general corrosion does not always follow a definite pattern, where there is ptng in areas of general Corrosion, the pitied depth usually is about twice the general corrosion loss. See Figure 8 NOTE 2—Pitted depth can be measured by placing a straightedge across the pitted area and measuring the distance from the bottom of the straightedge to the bottom of the pit. Where this is not practical because of obstructions such as. {ootrings, bands, etc, special curved measuring devices or even putty casts can be prepared to enable the measurement LLM Lf ff YL) GC = general corrosion loss Figure 8—Relative pitted depth corrosion loss. 6.24.3.2 Isolated pits not in general corrosion area The following criteria shall be met to condemn a cylinder with isolated pits not in a general corrosion area: * When the actual wall thickness can be measured, the cylinder shall be condemned if its remaining wall thickness is less than 0,041 in thick (Example: 0.124 in x 1/3 = 0.041 in), + When the actual wall thickness cannot be measured and the original wall thickness is unknown, the cylinder shall be condemned if the pit depth on the wall is greater than 1/3 fs as defined in Table 1; or + When the actual wall thickness cannot be measured and the original wall thickness is known, the cylinder shall be condemned if the remaining wall thickness obtained by subtracting the maximum pit depth from the original wall is less than 0.042 in 6.2.2 Dents Dents are of concern where the metal deformation is sharp and confined or where it is near a weld, Where the ‘metal deformation is not sharp, dents of larger magnitude can be tolerated,Pace 12, COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, INC. CGA C-6—2018 6.2.5.2 Evaluation of fire damage DOT regulations state that a cylinder that has been subjected to the action of fre shall not again be placed in service unti it has been properly requaliied in accordance with 49 CFR Part 180 Subpart C [1]. This requirement removes cylinders from service that have been subjected to the action of fire that changed the metallurgical structure or the strength properties of the steel. This is normally determined by visual examination as described previously with particular emphasis given to the condition of the protective coating. If there is evidence that the protective coating has been burned off any portion of the cylinder surface or if the cylinder body is burned, warped, of distorted, the user shall assume that the cylinder has been overheated and shall folow 49 CFR Part 180 Subpart C [1]. However, if the protective coating is only smudged, discolored, or blistered and is found by ‘examination to be intact undemeath, the cylinder shall not be considered affected within the scope of this re- uirement, Pressure testing shall not be used to determine the extent of fire damage. 6.25.3 Arc and torch burns Cylinders with arc or torch burns shall be rejected. Defects of this nature can be recognized by one of the following conditions: ‘+ removal of metal by scarfing or cratering; ‘+ scarfing or burning of the base metal; or ‘+ deposit of weld metal or displacement of base metal 6.26 Bulges Cylinders are manufactured with a reasonably symmetrical shape. Cylinders that have definite visible bulges shall be removed from service and evaluated as outlined in this section. An example of a bulged cylinder is shown in Figure 9. Figure 9—Bulged cylinder on left, normal cylinder on rightPace 14, COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, INC. CGA C-6—2019 + forstraight threads, at least six full threads; ‘= novvisible cracks in the threads or adjacent visible areas; and ‘+ no visible damage from corrosion or other sources that could adversely affect the structural integrity of the threads or valve installation, NOTE—Cylinders manufactured to @ specification with less than the aforementioned number of threads shall retain all threads in a ful, continuous, undamaged condition for requalification or continued service, Cylinders failing to meet the criteria as listed previously shall be rejected or condemned, Cylinders shall be rejected if a gas-tight seal cannot be attained after the cylinder is valved, 6.2.8 Attachments Attachments on cylinders can lose their intended function through service abuse. These attachments and the associated portion of the cylinders shall be inspected. ‘The footring and shroud (collar) of cylinders can no longer perform their respective functions if they do not cause the cylinder to remain stable and upright and protect the valve. Rings shall be examined for distortion, looseness, and failure of welds. Appearances can offen warrant removal of the cylinder from service, When the cylinder bears an attachment such as a footring or shroud (collar) that covers a portion of the cylinder surface, it shall receive particular attention. The entire region of attachment to the cylinder shall be inspected for entry of moisture to the areas of the cylinder surface that cannot be seen. In the case of adhesive attachments, any evidence of a break in the seal is cause for removal of the attachment. Use of a dull probing tool is recom- ‘mended. Plastic materials shall be inspected for gouges or splits that, if present, would also require removal of the part. See Figures 10 and 11 ‘When the cylinder bears a removable attachment, it shall be removed for visual inspection. In the case of a marking plate not completely sealed, any evidence of corrosion between it and the wall shall require removal of the plate and visual inspection of the cylinder wall. However, removal of the plate shall be Undertaken only by repair facilities or original cylinder manufacturers holding DO’ wal in accordance with 49 CFR Part 180, Subpart C or registered with the Transportation of Dangerous Goods (TDG) Directorate, TC iL Footrings and shrouds (collars) shall be examined for completeness of markings, distortion_ material removal (cut collars), looseness. and failure of welds, Foot rings and shrouds (collars) that exhibit damage that cannot be ‘eturned to the original form and function shall be removed from service, rebuilt, or condemned, 6.3 Inspection report 49 CFR Part 180, Subpart C requires that results be recorded and a record kept by the owner or an authorized ‘agent until either expiration of the retest period or until the cylinder is again re-inspected or retested, whichever occurs first [1]. TDG requlations require the person who prepares the report and the owner to each keep a copy of the report for 10 years [2]. A cylinder that passes the required inspection shall have the date recorded as prescribed for recording of the retest date, except that an “E” is to follow the date (month and year) indicating requaiiication by the visual external inspection method. A sample visual inspection report form is shown in Ap- pendix A. See 49 CFR Part 180, Subpart C or Clause 24 of CSA B339 [1, 2} NOTE—Record retention can vary between DOT and TC,Pace 16 COMPRESSED Gas ASSOCIATION, INC. CGA C-6—2019 ‘An inspection light of sufficient intensity to clearly illuminate the interior walls is mandatory for internal inspection Flammable or toxic gas cylinders shall be purged with inert gas or water in a controlled area before being exam- ined with a light. Cylinders containing liquefied gases shall have their tare weight checked to ensure all liquefied gases have been emptied before being purged 7.2 Internal inspection Cylinders shail be inspected internally a least every time the cylinder is periodically retested. NOTE—The Chlorine institute's Pamphlet 17, Packaging Plant Safety and Operational Guidelines, includes procedures for internal examination of chlorine cylinders at the time of each filing [13]. 7.24 General corrosion Interior general corrosion can be evaluated by ultrasonic examination (UE) or a pressure test combined with visual inspection(s). Thickness measuring and flaw detection devices of the ultrasonic type may be used to eval- uate specific conditions. For corrosion limits, refer to 6.2.1 7.2.2 Defects other than corrosion A cylinder shall be rejected when doubt exists as to its suitability for continued service. Where the bottom of the defect cannot be seen or where its extent cannot be measured by various inspection instruments, the cylinder shall be condemned. Examples of such intemal defects are cuts, mechanical abrasions, and fabrication irregu- larities, 8 High pressure cylinders High pressure cylinders are those cylinders with a marked service pressure of 900 psi (6210 kPa) or greater. ‘They are seamless and no welding is permitted. 8.1. Preparation for inspection Cylinder inspection shall be undertaken only if the dangers associated with the contents and pressures of the cylinders are recognized and precautions are taken. WARNING: Use CGA P-38, Guideline for Devalving Cylinders, for devalving guidelines [14]. Cylinders containing flammable or toxic gas shall be purged using inert gas or water in a controlled area, 8.2 Hammer test The hammer test is an indicator of intemal corrosion that can be performed without removing the vaive before each charging of the cylinder. The hammer test shall be performed on empty unpressurized cylinders prior to refiling ‘The hammer test consists of tapping the cylinder sidewall with a light blow using a 1/2 tb (0.23 kg) ball-peen hammer or equivalent. A cylinder normally has a clear ring. A dull ring indicates internal corrosion, liquid, or ‘accumulation of foreign material in the cylinder. Such cylinders shall be inspected internally in accordance with Ba. NOTE—The hammer testis not applicable to aluminum allay cylinders. 83 Exterior inspection At time of requalification, rust, scale, multilayered paint or coatings, other foreign materials, sleeves, or labels and attachments that could interfere with the inspection shall be completely removed from the external surface 80 itis prepared for inspection. 8.3.4 Corrosion limits ‘The corrosion limits for a cylinder are defined as a function of the minimum allowable design thickness ({.) and ‘apply to crevice and line corrosion, general corrosion, and isolated pits or clusters of pits. Basic corrosion limits apply to both internal and external corrosion,Pace 18. COMPRESSED GAS ASSOCIATION, INC. CGA C-6~2019 ‘Table 3—Factors for calculation of minimum allowable design thickness (t) for DOT-3A and DOT-3AA high pressure cylinders DOT specification ‘At manufacturer Inservice 3A1800, 0.0232 0.0220 302015 0.0260 0.0247 3A2265 0.0283 0.0278 3A2400 (0.0310 010205 ‘3AA1800 0182 0.0173, 3AR2015 (0.0204 ooig4 3AA2265 (0.0230 0.0219 3AA2400 0.0243 0.0231 '3AA3000 (0.0304 0.0288 '3AA3500 0.0356 0.0338 ‘3AAABOO 00458 (0.0435 '3AA6000 010612 0.0581 NOTE—The factors inthis table also can be used to determine the minimum allowable design thickness ([). Te determine cylinder minimum allowable design thickness (l), multiply the cyt inder's outside diameter by the conversion factor inthis table 8.3.44 Crevice and line corrosion ‘The following procedures shall be followed when evaluating crevice and line corrosion, ‘When the remaining wall thickness is measurable 'a) Determine the in-service minimum allowable (limiting) wall thickness (ts) for the cylinder being inspected; and b) Condemn the cylinder when the remaining wall thickness (surface measurement minus the deepest corro- sion depth) is less than the limiting wall thickness, ‘When the original wall thickness is unknown and the remaining wall thickness cannot be measured: 2) Determine the manufacturing minimum allowable design thickness (t.). See Table 3; b) Determine the in-service limiting wall thickness; and ‘c) Condemn the cylinder when the measured corrosion defect is greater than the difference between the man- Ufacturing minimum allowable design thickness (tz) and the limiting wall thickness, 83.4.2 General corrosion ‘The following procedures shall be followed when evaluating general corrosion: 2) When the tare weight is marked on the cylinder and the tare weight atthe time of inspection is less than 95% of the original marked tare weight, the cylinder shal be rejected and removed from service. The cylinder may be requalified by a method approved for the cylinder specification. Cylinders with a water capacity greater ‘than 500 Ib (227 kg) such as tube trailers and mult-element gas containers (MEGCs) are not subject to this requirement; orPace 20, CompnesseD Gas ASSOCIATION, INC. CGA C-6~2019 + L>D,+D; | <0.6 in (15mm) D, <0.6 in (15mm) Figure 13b—Evaluation of pit diameters for isolated pits 8314 Cluster of pits Clusters of pits (or multiple pits) are groups of pits that have a diameter less than two times the minimum allow- able design thickness ({a) and where the center to center distance between any two pits is less than the sum of the diameters of the two pits (L < D; +D:). Fora cluster of pits, the remaining wall thickness at the deepest pit shall be at least 95% ofthe minimum allowable design thickness (i) or the cylinder shall be condemned. To determine if a cluster of pits is an area of general corrosion or an isolated pit, an envelope is drawn around the entire cluster of pits Ifthe envelope is smaller than two times the minimum allowable design thickness (ts) (Ds <2 x .), then the cluster of pits is an isolated pit. Isolated pits are as defined in 8.3.1.3. If the diameter of the envelope is greater than two times the minimum allowable design thickness (ts), (D. > 2 xt.) then the cluster of pits shall be considered as an area of general corrosion with a size equal to the diameter of the envelope. See Figures 14a and 14b, 83.1.5 Inspection requirements for corrosion ‘The inspection requirements for corrosion are provided in Figure 12 D.= 2x ty De= Diameter of the cluster envelope Figure 14a—Evaluation of cluster pitting that may be considered an isolated pitPace 22, COMPRESSED Gas ASSOCIATION, INC CGA C-6~2018 8.3.6 Fire damage Cylinders shall be inspected for evidence of exposure to fire. Common evidence of exposure to fire is: ‘= distortion or melting of the valve handwheel, ‘© charring or burning of the paint or other protective coat; ‘= burning or scarfing of the metal; ‘+ distortion of the cylinder; ‘+ melted-out fuse plugs or plugs with visibly extruded fusible metal; or ‘+ burning or meiting of the valve. Cylinders shall be inspected for evidence of exposure to fire DOT regulations state that a cylinder that has been subjected to the action of fire shall not be placed in service ‘again unti it has been properly requalified in accordance with 49 CFR Part 180, Subpart C [1]. This requirement removes cylinders from service that have been subject to the action of fre that has changed the metallurgical structure or the strength properties ofthe steel. Normally, this is determined by visual examination as described previously with particular emphasis given to the condition ofthe protective coating. I there is evidence that the Protective coating has been burned off any portion of the cylinder surface or if the cylinder body is burned, ‘warped, or distorted, the user shall assume that the cylinder has been overheated and shall folow 49 CFR Part 1180, Subpart C [1], However, if the protective coating is only smudged, discolored. or blstered and is found by examination to be intact underneath, the cylinder shall not be considered affected within the scope of this re- uirement [1]. Pressure, ultrasonic, or acoustic emission (AE) testing shall not be used to determine the extent of re damage 1b carbon dioxide fire extinguisher ‘3AA-1800 fire damaged Figure 15—Bulged fire-damaged cylinderPace 24, COMPRESSED Gas ASSOCIATION, INC CGA C-6~2019 ‘When the cylinder bears a removable attachment such as a removable boot as shown in Figure 17, the attach ment shall be removed for visual inspection. Figure 17—Example of an attachment (cylCompressed Gas Association The Standard For Safety Since 191 www.cganet.com