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PREFACE
H E Author D r. John Francis Getnelli Careri, has here oblig'd the
T World with fo excellent -mn Account of his Travels, that fcarce any tan
be thought to exceed, and very few to h equalHo /|. f f e undertook this laborious
and dangerous Task only to fa t’.sfehis own'Gurivftiy, andokns the Publfck a
true Relation o f what he faw in many Parts, where other Travellers had made
it their Bufwefs to bring little hut Fables and Romances. B e omitted no­
thing in hss Round worth obferving, becaufe his only Bufwefs was to fee and he
inform'd ; and being a Man of Learning and excellent natural Parts, be had
all the advantages of taking good Obfervatious, and delivermg ’'em politely, which
common Travellersgenet ally want. He was a Pallor of the C iv il Law, which
fufficiently evinces his Learning ; and as he tells us, beftdes his natural Curio-
fity, wasfurther mov'd to Travel by Croffcs and Misfortunes he met at home.
Neither did he go as a Vagabond trufling to Fortune, but wellprovided with
Mony to make him acceptable in all Parts, andgam Admittance where others un­
der tvorfe Circumfiames could not. Nor does he only give a judicious Account
of what he faw, which is perform'd by way of Journal, but touches upon all
Antiquities deliver'd by the heft Authors, o f Countries, Cities, and other
Place) and Things o f Note. This o f him in get, oral, but to fay famethingin
particular of each Part or Valum.e
In the firft he affigns the Motives he had to Travel, and then beginning
at Naples runs along theCoaft of Calabria, crofjes to Sicily, then Jails along
that J/land till he comes to M alta, o f which he gives a very exalt Defcripti-
on ; the fame he doth of Egypt whither he fa il'd next, and there of the Pyra­
mids, Mummies, &c. whence he proceeds to the Holy-Land, the I (land of
Rhodes, the City o f Smyrna, feveral fm dll Ifands, the Imperial Cities of
Conllantioople, Adrianople, Burfa, Trebizond, and many other Places w
his way to Perfia ; with afucunci Account of the Religion, Manners, Antiqui­
ties, &c. of the T urks, and the Succeffton of their Monarchs.
The fecond Volume contains a curious Defcnption o f the Perfian Empire,
the dijtances from place to place, beginning at the Frontiers to Ifpahan, the
Court of that Nation', anft thence down to Bander-Congo, a Sea Port on the
Gttlph of Perfia. He treats o f their Religion, Antiquities, & c. as in the
other Books, and particularly fets down all the remains of Darius'V Palace, with
fomethtng of the Banians or Idolaters. Gives fever al Cults of JinguUr Cu­
riofities ; difeovers fome M iflakes made by Tavernier in his Travels, which
he alfo' does in his fr ft and third Parts of Turky and India. And having
deliver'd all that may fatisftethe niceft Reader, proceeds on his Voyage to Da­
mian, the f r f t City he came to in India.
The third Volume beginning at Damian, belonging to the Portuguefes, runs
along nil that Coaji, particularizing all that that Nation is poffeft of in thofe
Parts,as Goa, Bazaim, Diu, and other Places; as alfo what is fubjeef to Idolaters,
and what to Mahometan Princes ; moft lively repnfents to the imagination
the wonderful Pagod o f the I f and Salzete ; not only defer ibes, but gives A l
' the

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......... The P R E F A C E .
t(je C « fj 0/ the choice Fruits, and Trees that bear them ; and excellently informs
us o f the Superf t it ions and Cuftorns o f thofe Gentiles. Whence the Author
ventures by land to the Great M o gu l’ * Camp, to acquaint us thoroughlywith
that Prince's Perfon, Progenitors, Practices, Wealth, Strength, and all other
Particulars. This done he proceeds on his Voyage by' Sea towards China; in
his way delivers the beft Accounts of thofe Countries he paft by in a Voyage o f
a thoufand Leagues, which are no lefs than the rich I (land o f C eylon, the
golden Cherfonefus, or Peninfula o f M alaca, the vaft lflands o f Sumatra
and Borneo, with many fm all ones, and the powerful KJngdoms o f Bengala,
Siam , Pegu, Conchincbina, T un quin , & c. till he comes to M acao, the
f r f t Lana o f China, where begins
The fourth Volume which mentions fvery 0 ace great or fm all he pafs'd
through in that vaft Epifiy/k, qirittuj!) fe t \ down the distances, deferibes a ll
he faw on the Roads, and all Cities'asybey dtferve, as alfo the R ivers, Lakes,
1 and Mountains, and particularly the great T a rta r W all, the Portuguefe’ *
City o f M acao, and all that relates to l i ; and the manner o f Travelling to the
Court o f Peking. He diftinguijhes ingenuou(ly between what he faw and con-
fequently writes o f his own knowledge, and what he had from others, which
f i l l he took upon good Authority and mentions it fo r the fa t isf action o f the
Reader. H aving hid the honour to fee the Emperor he relates all that Ce­
remony, and what he knew of the Palace as an Eye-witnefs, the reft as he
V; receiv'd it. The manner of the Emperor's going abroad he had from others,
but fo curious as the Reader cannot but like it. Other things as the Religion
o f C h in a, the la[t perfection o f Cbriftianity, the Antiquities o f the Em-
p in , Government, Courts, 8tc. are collected, but curioujly and well grounded.
The fifth Volume treats very particularly of all that is to be known concern­
ing the Philippine-//?*/^*, and then follows an exalt Journal o f his long and
dreadful Voyage theme to Acapulco in N e w Spain, which is altogether new,
and by the way deferibes California ; laying down the Reafons there are to believe
that the North Continent o f Am erica joins with that of A lia, or the great
T a rta ry .
The fixth Volume being the account of what he faw in N e w Spain, menti­
ons all that part he traveled through, which is the Port o f Acapulco, the
Road thence to M exico, which is not common, and thence again to Vera-^ruz.
Bat the Particulars he gives us o f the Mines, o f reducing the Ore and refmng the
S ilver, o f feparating the Gold from the S ilv er, of the conditions upon which all
Perfons hold their Mines, and o f the royal Mines, are most fwgular and curious.
In fhort, It is one of the moft complete Works o f this nature, and there­
fore 1 Jhall not need add any more in commendation o f it, for it w ill fu ffe i-
ently commend it fe lf to the Reader. t *
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Chap. I ___ ______ i ,

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v o / g e ■ ;
Round the W O R L D ,
B y D r. Jo h n TttifA h {jO th etli C areri.

P A. R ;! 1 L
Containing the mod: Remarkable Things he (aw in
T V R K ?:
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B O O K I.
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C H A P . I
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The Jk u fo m that induced the A uthor to T r a v if m d m Account o f fifed Baf*
m d to him in h i\ W a) from N aples to M ed ina.

a j / I * % { .] % ' T K K E It always in the trie s, tfte failing fuch va/l.Seas, and i f

GemelU. \ / power oi cruel and un- it may be allow’d me to hope for any,
jg p 3< ▼ ▼ fteady Fdittuie, with the Glory o f thefe unpoliih’d Lutes, t , .
whom we are daily to ftruggle, to re- cannot deny, but that it was my natural
duce us to a tniferabie ana wretched Curioiity and Defire o f Travelling about
The Au- Condition; and could not a wife Man, the W o rld , (tho* Often difappoirrted)
thoiT by bearing tip againftltslnjori^s 4|d Af-.. that made me undertake the Voyage o f
Rwjons pauitS( 0pen himjydf a way Europe, in the year 1683. whereof i af-
vdiii)” peaceable State o f Life ; our rom ijfon terwards printed only the firft Volume;
' '" would certainly be too rlgiepfod nil-' * but it is as certain, that I had no other
happy; and the great W ork Of that reafon to undertake this other danger
all-wife Artificer, who drew us out. o f rows and painful Voyage, but t lr cm
nothing, appear the lefs p e rfc t and va- juft Perfections, and undeferyett Oiii>
luable. Y et it often happens, that rages I was forc’d to endurfc
we are much in the Wrong when we Being therefore refolyd to fet for-
complain of Fortune; becaufe when (he ward, not regarding ' V: loving Perfua-
feems moft averfe to us, flic then of- fions o f Friends, who made an Argu-
ten forwards us, to undertake lomewor- meat o f the piftemper I labour’d un-
thy Enterprise, and helps to raife us to der, to divert me from ray piirpolej
a higher degree, obliging us, through and having provided all Neceuaries, I
neceffity, to" perform good and noble took my leave o f them, and particular-
Aftions. This may be plainly evinc’d ly o f the Councilor Amato Damo, o f
by the whole courfe o f my Life, which the Judge o f the V icm a t). JofeyhCha-
has been interwoven with foch ftrange ves, now a Counfellor, o f E Alonfo &j%
Accidents, that the very remembrance Knight o f Malta, and o f D r Laurence Helm*
o f them terrifies me; and yet to them Sanddarl. This done, without farther barb?
do 1 owe the feeing o f fo many Conn- delay, I embark’d on Saturday the 13th
Vol. IV. A erf

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 ■ G° ix

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^ Voyage round the W O R L D.
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Book I7~
o f Ju n e, 16 9 3 . on a Feluca o f Naples, to up o f an excellent T h ief, and a bafe
Gemellt. carry me into Calabria, in order to go Cook.
16 9 3 . o ver from thence into the Levant. Running 4 0 Miles farther, on Wed-
VVV* Having fail’d 50 M iles, we landed at nefday 17 . we put into Scale*, a T o w n Scaka
Jm Jfi N ight on the Shore o f A m alfi, fo call’d on a Rock, at the foot o f vail: high Town‘
y* o f a C ity o f that Nam e, which owes its Mountains, where we w ere forc’d to
Founda tion to certain Families of Romans, continue Thurfday 18. by re a fo n o f the
who failing towards Comlantinomic, a- foul weather. Friday 19 . w e advanc’d
bout the year o f our Lord 829. and find- as far as Paola, where the Inn was no-
ing in this place a fafe Harbour, after thing better than that o f Palinuro. T h e Paola
a dreadful Storm at Sea, ltay’d here to chief thing this C ity can boaft o f, is its City,
butld it, and fettled their Abode. N o r being the place o f the Birth o f S. Francis
do I think it at all f t r a n g e ^ % m ; 4 o, the Founder o f the M inim s, and where
that they Ihould build it I F f o < *a g t> he b o u g h t his greate/b W onders. A s
a place among fuchfieep R o c k s 3 when to other particulars, it has good Build-
I confider, that in thofe T im es, when all ings, and a C aftle on the Eminence that
Italy was infefted by barbarous N ations, commands it.
every one endeavour’d to fix him felf in Saturday 20. we fail’d do Miles, and pitt0
the ftrongeft place he could. From came betimes to Piz,z.o7 a T o w n feated Town*
that time forward it was govern’d as a on a R ock alm oft flat at top j whence
Commonwealth, till T im es changing, there is a delightful Profpedt along the
and the Grecian Emperors having lo ll pleafant.Shores o f the noble Country o f
that Kingdom, this C ity became fubjeft Calabria, and upon the open Sea I
to Barons. A t prefent it is a Demefn R ay’d there Sunday 2 1 . at the reqneft o f
ot the C r o w n , and beautify’d with Friends, but Monday 22. taking leave
many curious Structures, erefted by o f them, went aboard the V ellel, and
feveral Families on account o f the having run 30 Miles, a rriv ’d at the C i- -
wholfomnefs o f the A ir. ty T ropca, feated after the fame manner § £ “
1 he Spanijh Nation owes the D ifco- as Pizz.o. T h e N o b ility there have the
very o f a N ew W o rld , and the Portu- privilege o f ad in g in a d iftin d B o d y
gues that o f the Eatt-In dies, to Flavio from the Com m onalty in publick A f -
Gu>ja, a N ative o f the C ity o f A m alfi, fairs.
as being the inventer o f the U fe o f the Having R a y ’d here Tuefday 23. upon
LoadRone, without which they could fome bufinefs* on Wednefday 24. we cut
never have ventur d out lb far into the acrofs the Bay* and having failed 24.
vaft Ocean, to difeover unknown Em - M iles, ended this fhort V oyage on the
pires, nor have found any method to Shore o f G ioja. H aving landed my Bag-
fteer their Ships fo regularly through gage, I caus’d it to be carry’d on Horfes
V the boundlefs W aves o f the Sea. A - to the T o w n , a M ile diRant, where I
m alfi is alfo famous, becaufe a Citizen o f continu’d all Thurfday 2 5 . to reR m v
it was Founder o f the N oble Order o f felf, being w eary o f the Sea.
S. John o f Jerufalem , or M alta 3 but a- Friday 26 . m y Brother D r. John B ap-
bove all, for preferving in its Cathedral, tifi GWnclli, a Man o f an exem plary L ift ^
which is an Archbilhop’s See, the Body and^noR innocent Behaviour, came to
o f the glorious A p o R le S. A n d rew , m e e r m ^ o m Redicina, b rin gin gH orfes
brought thither from Confiantinople. with him ; and would needs have m e
licofa T h e W eather proving unfit fo r Sea fpend thofe few days I had, to provide
Point. on Sunday the 14 th , we fet out on M on- NecelTariesfor m y Voyage at his Houfe.
day the r^th, and having fail’d about I thankfull/accepted his kind offer, and
40 Miles, neat N ight-fall, put into the on Saturday the 27th, w e went together
Point o f L icofa, form erly call’d Leuco- to Redicina, which was 1 o Miles diRant.
fia , where w e found v e ry bad Enter- Several Perfons came on Sunday 28. to
Tdlimro taiarneat: aC t ^ie l 111?- . bid me welcome, and wiih me a good
Town. .7, uefiday 16 . putting to Sea again, w e Voyage. Monday 29. I went out a
1V ^ y nHro-> a place lo fhootiug, the Country being plain and
calld from Palinurus, Pilot to Eneas, who full o f Game 3 and would have done the
is laid to have dropp’d into the Sea near fame the tw o follow ing days, had I not
this Shore, and fwim m ing to Land, to been em ploy’d in providing for my V o y -
liave been kill’d by the Inhabitants. Here age,yeton Thurfday the i d o f > / y ,I went
w e found a wretched Inn 3 not becaufe out upon the Plains o f G ioja, and had
there was any want in the place, but the pleafure o f killing fome Phealants.
becaufe our Hoft was a compound made T h e A ir o f the place being bad, I re­
turn’d

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Chap. II. Of T U IIK Y. "7”
C sJ^ S ) turn’d to Redkina an Friday the 3d, muchfame time I had abfolutely re v iv 'd not
Gemelli. tir’d . to fettle till I had taken a view o f Chi-
1593. Cotdidering With nly felf what tin- na, and could be an -Eye-witnefs o f fd
L / W expected Dangers and Accidents might many Fables as aredeliver’d to us,among
happen in fo long a Peregrination, on fome few Truths.
. Saturday 4. I made my W ill, and left it I fet out on M onday 6 . to Embark at
feal’d, and on Sunday the 5th made a P alm i, 1 2 Miles dittant, and came thi-
Confeffion of my Sms, and, tho’ unwor- ther before N oon; where I was genc-
th y, receiv’d .the blelTed Sacrament; roufly Entertain’d b y John d 'A m in o , a
praying to God to bring me home fafe Gentleman o f that Town.' Then difmif-
from the difficult Undertaking [ had in ling Jam es Rome* my Steward (who came
hand. I ffiall not L ay to mention the out o f kindnefs to bear me Company) t
tears and tender Embraces at parting Embark’d on T u efdayihe 7rh for M eih n a,
with my Brother, as not knowing whe- and h^vingteofs’d the Narrow Streight,
ther he Ihould,ever fee me again: T o failing in all 24 Miles, arriv’d in that
lcflea his Grier, 1 told him9 I intended C ity before Night. JoJeph I^acqu&ntiy si
only for the tid y Land, and thence to Gentleman o { Rofartto,who was Marry’d
return as foon as poffible; tho’ at the there, entertain’d me at hisHoufe.

€ H A ]£\ i t

A fhort Defer ij>tion of Meflina, and an account o f a ll the Author Jaw t ill
he came to Malta,

Otejfm r y i H E C i c y Mejfma, formerly call’d demy o f Virtuofo’s. T he Churches are

deferib’d. J L A ancle, is feated in the Province
ed Faldetnone, in the Eaftern part o f the
liland o f Sicily, and in 39 degrees and
i l minutes o f Latitude. Ic is reported
to have been built by the Giant Z rn c le ,
inthe year o f the W orld 14 3 ?. and that
it was join’d to Italy, » wcii as dict d l
o f Sicily. Its Figure is long, by reafon
o f the Hills that furround it and has the
fin d ! Harbour in the W orld for capa-
cioufnCfs and fafety, and for 1 ts delight-
ful Shores, embellifh’d above a Mile in
length, with Hardy Palaces uniformly
built, the curious Iron Balconies being
all o f an equal height. Here the Ships fetfm
to ride fecure lit the Arms o f theTarth,
their oppofite Element, the ^ h e ft in g is
fo very good; which makes tne admire
that Tavernier, lib. t.ip a r. tap. 13 ; who
reckons Goa, Conthntimple, and Toulon,
the belt Ports o f our Continent, (hould
make no account o f that o f Mejfma,
which is fo far from being lnferiour to
any o f thole above-mention’d, that it
hi ay be call’d the prime Mart o f Europe,
^ and a neccflary thoroughfair to all Parts
b f it. T he Mouth of it is guarded by
the Caftle S a lv a d o r , by the Citadel;
and other Forts.
. A s for the City, it is an Archbifltop-
rick, and the Mint o f that Kingdom,
Famous Men have flou riffl’d there in all
Ages; and at prefent ic is adorn’d With
Piofelfors o f all Sciences, and an Aca-
Jo U IV.
beautiful enough, the Palaces magnifi­
cent, the Streets wide; the Ladies beau-
ciful and witty , the A ir temperate, the
Soil Fruitful, the Suburbs large/ and ‘
the Sea may be call’d a Pond, contain-*
ing all fort* of Filh to pleafe the Appe-
rite In fhort, this City is plentifully
furnifli’d with all that can be d e fir W r
Food, Cloathing, and Delight, and the
more for the Neighbourhood o f CddbridS
which continually affords it a m olt plea­
iing Profped o f Its rich and fruitful
Lands. It has ever been Ldyal to its
King, and the Inhabitants ready tofervd
him with their Lives and Fortunes; and
if o f late years fome o f its Natives o f
reftlefs Spirits, and lovers o f novelty -
incurr’d the Royal Difpleafurc, the
crime o f a few, and the corruption Of
part o f the Members, is not to lay 4
blemifh upon the whole Body, and in-
fed the other Members: force thofe be .
ing cut off, as rotten Limbs, and the
part that was tainted being cauteriz’d '
the evil has been not only retriev’d, but
abfolutely aboiifhU
That very day, being the yth , |
look’d out for fome Veflel bound
for Malta (there being none fo ready
for the L e v a n t, as I had imagin’d, b j
reafon o f the W at then raging through -
out Europe) and agreed for my Paffage
aboard a Tartan o f M a lta , then ready
to f a il ; the M aker of ic telling me he
A t wouldf

4
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4 ^ Voyage round the W O R L D .
r x jW ^ would fail on the 9th in the Morning,
Gemelli. 1 endeavour’d to make my felf ready on
159 3. Wedncfday 8. but found lie was endea-
vouringtoget away that very Morning,
Thinking I could not get ready in time,
I caus’d my Baggage to be put aboard,
and in the mean while apply’d my felf
to difpatch a bufinefs o f moment. I
concluded what 1 went about with all
poflible expedition, but yet found the
Tartan was gone, and, what was worff,
with all I had 3 and I knew neither the
Matter's, nor the Velfel’s Name. T his
did not daunt me, but enquiring at the
Cuttom-Houle, was inform’d that the
Tartan was gone to AH, to load with
W ine 3 and therefore not thinking fit to
lMe any time, for as much as the loft o f
my Equipage would quite break o ff my
intended Journ ey, 1 went that fame day
aboard a Feluca, bound for A gajla, ta-
king a fhort leave o f Lacquanti and his
W ife.
W e fail’d with a fair W ind through
the famous and dangerous Streights o f
M ejjin a , diverting my Melancholy by
catting my Eye towards the left, upon
the delicious Gardens o f Cotona and Reg-
g io , and towards the right on the beauti-
rui Drommo, a Suburb o f Mejfma, which
ftretches out for feveral Miles in pleafant
Country-Houfes and Gardens 3 then up-
on the Village o f S. Stefano, and upon
S. Placido, a Monaftery o f Benedictines,
feated on an Eminency, which by realon
o f its advantagious Situation, was the
caufe o f many bloody Frays between the
French and Spaniards, in the laft W ar
o f Meflina. Keeping my Eyes Hill
fix’d upon the Land, in expe&ation o f
finding the Tartan, I obferv’d Briga,
Pez.zMlo, Giampileri, la Scaletta, A it ala,
AH , Fiume di N ift, Savoca, and other
Villages feated near the Sea-lide. T he
Tartan was clofe up in A ll, but the Ma-
fter o f the Felucca, to fave putting me
alhore, faid it was another, and there-
fore continuing our Voyage, not with-
out anguifh o f Heart we paft’d by Tau-
romina, a Royal City feated on a Monn-
tain, and 30 Miles diftant from Mefftna.
From this place appear’d to the view
Calatabiano, M afcari, Ja ci, Ognari, and
Catmu tjie gr0U[KJ o f the City Catania, utter-
e ‘ ]y ruin’d, and bury’d in the Alhes o f its
Neighbouring Mountain,after the dread-
ful Earthquake which hapned that fame
year. T he few Citizens that remain’d
unbury’d, live in poor Cottages about
Ja c i Gate. Having feen this deplora-
ble Spe&acle, the Sun fhining out on
Thurfday 9. we proceeded on our W ay
<0
§ L
' '., - s'1
Book I.
(having run 60 Miles) without Landing,
and leaving behind us the Royal Cities
o f Lentini and Carlolentim. A t Noon we
put an end to this fhort Voyage o f 90
Miles, arriving at Agufla.
_ Xiphona,now call’d Agafta,was firft put
into a pofture o f Defence by the Etnpe- ’’
rour Frederick II. and afterwards better
Fo rtify’d. Hither the Knights o f St. John
o f Jerufalem retir’d , after the lols o f
Rhodes, before M alta was given them,
T h is City had the fame misfortune as
Catania, being overthrown by the laft
Earthquake, and therefore the People,
like the others, liv ’d in Cottages. T h e
Cattle, which was one o f the bell in
Sicily, as well for the natural Strength
o f the Place, as for the great Fortica-
tions about it (having two Bridges and
four Gates to the Sea) was much da-
mag’d , efpecially the Dwellings o f the
Soldiers. T he C ity lay to the Eaft along
the Hill, and had a good port, defend-
ed by 4 Forts,
Going aboard another VefTel, I came sirm ft,
in the Evening in light o f Stracufa,
or Zaragoza, a C ity that had fuller’d
much by the Earthquake. A s far as I
could perceive from the Sea, it is com-
modioufly feated, with a large Cattle
on the South, and a Fort on the North.
Here we were feiz’d with much fear,
feeing the Boat o f a Vellel which we
thought to be a T u rk coming aboard us,
infomuch that w ® ran afhore to defend
our felves under the Ihelter o f the neigh-
bouring Rocks \ and, in Ihort, we obli-
g ’d the Boat to make a w a y ; which it
feerns belong’d not to Pirates, but to
the T o w n o f Trapano.
T h at N ight we could not advance
much, and therefore on Friday the 10th -MwCity.
lay in light o f the C ity Noto, deftroy’d
as well as the reft by the Earthquake.
A t N ight we lay at the Filhery o f Cape
Pajfaro, wffere I had Salt-Fifh prefented
me for my Voyage. Here the M altefe
G allio t and Brigantine, that guard the
Channel, were at Anchor, but they
could give me no account o f the Veflel
I went in quell of.
Going aboard again on Saturday 15 .
the contrary W ind oblig’ d us to Land
on the Shore o f Spaccafurno, 55 Miles
from Siracufa. Sunday 12 . having fail’d
40 Miles, we arriv’d at Brazx.etto, a
T o w n on the lhore o f the T ow n o f
Santa Croce, whence that N ight I went
to Scogliettl, in the County o f Modica, to
get another Veflel to carry me to M alta.
Accordingly Monday 13 . I went a-
board a final! Bark to crofs that narrow
Sea,
IH
t ||§§ y '" a/1'" ;;."L v' \ ,•■ \ -V ;. ^'■; }$ '1; ;r’\‘"r'i.:§f ■ ..'•
#
' Chap.
..—.........■»"•-•-
i[. ......... .
f V v / ) Sea, there being no better V e fle l, and
Ganelti. being becalm’d a few Miles at Sea, wc
l(>93 ' flood in great fear o f Turkijh Pirates,
that Paflage o f 6 a Miles being never free
from them in Summer.
T h e Calm continu’d Tuefday the 14 .
when feeing the Boat o f a Tartan making
towards u s, and believing them to be
R overs, we forfook ours Louden with
W ood , and defencelefs, and fled in our
Boat, the Seamen not allowing- me fo
much liberty as to take my Gun. The
others feeing us f ly , forbore purfuing
any further } by which we perceiving
that the Tartan was o f M alta, return’d
to our Bark, and continu'd there a LI the
-- reft o f the day. T h e W ind coming
up in the Evening, we Sail’d all N ight,
and got into the Port o f M alta on W ed-
nefday 1 5th before D a y , but waited
fo r Pratiek till two hours after Sun R i-
flag.
M ilu T h e HIand o f M alta was given to the
Aland. Knights o f St. John o fjern fd ern , by the
Emperor Charles the V. for the yearly
T rib ute o f a Hawk, which at prefent
the V ice-R oy o f Sicily receives in the
name o f his Catholick M ajelty. Its
length from Eaft to W ell is 22 M iles,
the breadth 1 2 , and the compafs 60.
T h e C ity o f M alta is in 35 degrees, 40
min. o f Latitude, and enjoys an excel-
lent Climate. It was befieg’d by the
Turks with a great P o w er, in the Year
1 5 6 5 , but without fuccefs. T h e Port
lies to the Northward, and is large, and
can contain very many Ships, dividing
it fe lf into fevera! very deep B a y s i n
tfie molt retir’d Part whereof is the
place call’d BormoU, on the right o f it,
the Borough, and on the left the Ifland,
' Plates Inhabited by the common fort,
ThePort. who are about 3000 Souls. T h e En-
trance o f this Port is well defended on
the fide o f the C it y , by the^Caftle o f
St. Elm o, which is w ell furnifh’d with
Cannon, has a deep Ditch , and other
Fortifications-, and by to pieces o f Can-
non planted on the W a l l ; further up
by Barracca Vecchia, on which there are
10 pieces o f Cannon above, on A rch es,
and as many b elo w : Still further up
beyond the Gate o f Italy, by 17 Guns
* on the upper, and 20 on the low er Bat-
tery. On the oppofite fide, it is de-
fended by the new Fort o f the Ifland,
Caftel S. Angelo o f Borgo, and the new
Caftle o f Recafoli, where the Guns were
not yet mounted, but it may be fpee-
dily furnifh'd from the C ity, if there be
need ; fo that the Port is inacccfiibk,
7 The
.‘SL
■
■"■'■" ■"■ ■ »» ««—■»•» -■!—■■■—
.I
Of
— - ^ - --. . -
TURK Y.
and the C ity impregnable, becaufe feat-
ed on a vaft high Rock, w hich towards
the Sea is naturally Fortify’d by Preci-
pices, and furnilh’d by A r t with migli-
ty Forts, W alls and Tow ers. On the
Land fid e, the whole compafs o f three
Miles, which contains the C ity, it is well
furnilh’d with Cannon, not only on the
particular Forts and Batteries, but a-
long the whole extent o f the W all, be-
ing a delicate W alk from the Port to
the Lazaretto , and may be gone in a
Coach.
T h e Port o f the aforefaid Lazaretto,
call’d M arfciem fott,which growing deep-
er within, keeps Ships in fafety clofe
under a Rock, would riot be inferiour to
the other for convenient}1, were it not
appointed only for the Ships that come
from the Levant. Bolides thefe two
P o rts, they told me, there were many
m ore very commodious in all the three
Iflands, and all defended by Forts.
T h e C ity, tho’ fmall, is not inferiour The City^
to the belt in Italy for beauty} for tho’
feated on a barren R o ck , yet A rt has
exerted it fe lf to make it delightful,
yeilding an excellent Profpeft from the
Sea, and from the Laud, reprefentinga
curious F lo w e r , always odoriferous•,
neither the hardnefs o f W inter, nor the ■
violence o f other Seafoas ever withering
k , tho’ it is very hot in Summer, a sb e-
iqg feated on a Rock. T h e Plain o f if
is like the Superficies o f a Hand the
length from North to South, with ten
llrait Streets, very well Pav’d , which
divide i t , that is,five on the W eft, three
on the Eaft, which are fteep and crook-
e d , and two on the top Plain. T h is
unevennefs o f the Ground is no way
offenfive to the figh t, but rather adds
to its beauty , there being no place for
any filth to lie , all being carry’d away
to the S e a , which makes the Palaces
and publick Places o f the C ity appear
the more graceful. The breadth o f it
is cut by two Streets running from Eaft
to W eft, both large and plain. It has
three G ates, the rnoft frequented o f
them is that o f j in the Ditch
w h ereo f, there is a great Orchard
o f Lemons and Oranges for the ufe
the great Mafter. T he other is the
Land G a te , and the third that o f the
Lazaretto, wichout which there is^ a
Powder Houfe , befidcs thofe within-
On the Land fide, there are two deep
Dicches running from the Lazaretto to
the P o rt, with a double W all under-
rain’d.
I
im
6 ~A Voyage round the W O R L D.
c^ K sn T he three Iflands I mention’d before,
Gemeili. are M alta, 60 Miles in compafs, fhap’d
1*593. like a Tortoife, and in it , the old and
new C ity, from which it takes Name ;
but the old one at prefentdoes not con-
tain 2000 Souls. The fecond lfland is
Comma, io Miles in compafs, with a
Fort in i t ; and the third call’d Goz.o,
the moll fruitful of them a ll, and has
a good Fort commanded by a Knight o f
the Order. All three Iflands contain
about 60000 Souls, in 30 Towns and
Villages; moll o f them fierce and W ar-
like, as being o f Moorish Extraction and
Cuftoms. The Knights o f the Order,
who are Subjefts to his Catholick Maje-
fty, have the piiviledge o f being G o-
vernours o f the Caftlesof St. Elmo, and
St. Angelo, excluding all other N ad -
ons, and their Government lalts two
years.
During my ftay at M a lta , I lodg’d
in the Monallery o f the Francifcans, o f
the Invocation o f St. M ary of Jefu s,
where the Religious Men entertain’d
me civilly. After Dinner I went to
the Carmelite Church, where I hear’d
TheGreat good finging o f Eunuchs, it being their
Matter, peltival o f our Lady. Thurfday the
16th. the Great Mailer came to hear
Mafs in that Church, a Canopy being
prepar’d for him. Thence he went to
St. Johns , whither I follow’d to fee the
Ceremony. T he Great Mailer fate on
the right Hand o f the A lt a r , on a
Throne o f Purple V elvet, with Gold
Fringes, plac’d within the Rail o f the
High Altar, and enclos’d with Banifters
o f fine Marble : Oppofite to him fate
16 . o f his Pages, on Benches cover’d
^ with Red, Laced with Silver, and two
others waited behind his Chair. On the
Floor o f the Church, four fteps below
their Prince, fate the great Crolfes on
Benches, made fa ll, cover’d with Lea-
ther, 011 which were Seats for 32 with
Desks before them, to kneel at, cover’d
with Carpets; on the Tides, and along
the m iddle, were ten other antient
Knights, and below them places for
the reft. The Great Mailer had the
Gofpel brought him to k ifs, and was
incens’d : T h e great Crofles kifs’d the
F a x and were incens’d with two Cen-
fors at the fame time, one on the right,
and the other on the left. The Great
Matter was clad in a thin black S ilk ,
with a long V e il, as is worn by our
Seminary Students, but with a Cape
behind, and over a ll, a Caffock like a
Priefts, but (horter, on which was the
Crofs o f the O rder; the reft o f his Gar-
7 Balco-
,.r /
s
§l
^ook 1*
ment was black, made after the French
Falhion; when the Service was over,
the Great Crofles and Knights attended
him. I was told, the Great Mailer was
much given to Country Sports, as is
natural to the French, andj a s generally
in his little Wood. _ His Name is
an Wignacourt, he is o f an indifferent
Stature, his Countenance lively and
ftrong, tho’ he be 7* . Yearss o f.A g e .
His chief Favourite, is Fhtltf Charles
Fredac, Grand Prior o f Hungary, whom
he always keeps at his T a b le , as alio
the Great Senefcal D . Charles Carajfa, ot
the Noble Family o f the Dukes of Bruz.-
z.ano, and one other Knight in iis turn,
They fay, T he Great Mailer is allow d
6000 Ducats for his Table, a Revenue
o f 20000 as a Temporal Prince, ana
as much as makes that up 60000, out or
vacant Comendanes and Cuftoms.
1 he Church of St. John lias three
Illes, the nuddlemoft of them Arch d, •
asare the i2ChappeIs onthefides. T h e
Walls are rich in G o ld , and the Floor
adorn’d with Marble. On the two op-
polite lides, were the Tombs of the R e-
nowned Great Mailers Cottomer, and
Gregory Carajfa o f the Race o f the 11-
lultrious Princes o f Roccella. A s for
the Divine Service, the Church is well
fupply’d with Chaplains o f all Nations,
who devoutly recite the Divine Office
in the Choir every day.
Friday 1 7th. was a happy day for me,
the Tartan that had my Equippage a-
board arriving at Noon, and delivering
me from the apprehenfion that my T ra -
vels would end at M alta. After Dm- GrejtMa.
ner I went to fee the Great Malter s I a- fter’s Pal*
lace, feated on that plain p a rt, where ace.
the two Streets are. Entnng at the
Eaft Gate, on the right and le ft, were
the Stables with 50 Horfes and Mules.
Further on is a Garden, and that, leav-
ing the fecond Gate on the left, which
is the way to St. John s Church, leads in-
to another C ou rt, in which there are
two oppofite Doors to the Great Ma-
fter’s Apartments. He makes ule o
that on the left for his private Abode ,
and o f that on the right (whther 1 law
him g o ) for publick Functions. lh c
Hall is one o f the biggeft that may be
feen, richly hung with Cnmfon DamasJc,
with a Canopy ot the fame Fring d with
Gold. In this Hall, and the firft Room
within i t , are painted the molt glori-
ous Enterprises and Exploits perfotm d
by the Order. T he third Room was a-
dom’d with the lame Si Ik . 1 he v\ no c
Palace is beautify’d with curious Iron
• i
/ / > — 'v X \
Ip
~ChapTTL ~ Of T U R K Y.
rv A /^Balconies, which grace it on every fide,
Gernel/L
On the W ell fide of it is a large Square,
tI<59 3 -
with a ftately Fountain in it, and ano-
° W V’ther oil the South, where the Chancery
Court o f the Order is kept, and the
Treafury that is daily paid in and out;
the T reafure, defign’d to fupply pub-
lick Neccflides, being kept in the lit-
tie T ow er in the great Mailer’s Pa-
lace.
Women. The Maltefc Women wear a Vail af-
ter the Moorijh Fafhion, like the Hood
of thtSpamjh Chia, with a long Peak
fpreading like a hollow T ile on the
Forehead, being made o f ftrong-Faft-
Board. This Drefs h common to the
Gentry, who add to it an indented Edg-
ing, or Purling, and to the vulgar fort,
the meanelt of them wearing Vails o f
courle W oollen, with a little fort o f
Petticoat a-crols the Head, which in
Summer is as good as a Stove, in a
Country fo very hot, that 1 could not
fleep in all the Night. In other refpedts
the Women are very beautiful, agreea-
b le , and in Ihort, o f the bell Blood in
Europe.
T he common Coin is of B rafs, and
o f high value, for changing a Zecchine
(a piece o f Gold worth Eight Shillings)
they gave me but fix pieces of Brafs for
it, valuing each o f thefe Pieces at four
T a riff three whereof make a C row n; a
falfo Coiner here would make a vafl
profit.
Saturday 18th. I went to fee the A l -
hergo de Ita lia , or Italian Houfo o f En-
tertainment, where there is a Table for
the poor Knights o f that Country; but
there are few that will come to this
hungry T a b le , becaufe the Order al-
lows but two Sicilian Taros a head for
» their Expence. T h e Structure is flate-
and o f late embelliffi’d by the Great
Mailer Caraffa. N ot far from it is the
A lhergo1 spr Inn o f Caftile, and Portugal.
Thence I went to fee the Churches of
the Jefuits and Dominicans, and another
o f the Souls in Purgatory, which are all
but indifferent Fabricks. In my way
home I went into the P o lverifta , a Pa-
lace o f the O rder, little inferiour to
that o f the Great Mafter, which is le t,
being divided into feveral Apartments.
Below it I faw another, call’d D ella Ca-
m aretta , a retiring place, where the
Knights that are pioufly given j live in
Community, paying a yearly Stipend ,
and apply themfelves to godly Exerci-
fos.
The Hof- T he Hofpital o f M a lta, is one o f the
pital. famoufefl in Europe, as well in regard,
<SL
~ f~
the fick are ferv’d by Great Croffes and
Knights, and all in P la te ; as for the
good Order dbforv’d , notwithflanding
the great number o f Sick. Before it is
a great Court, and on the fides a Noble
Apothecary’s Shop. Going up there is
a finall Gallery with fick Perfons, and
fuch another oppofite to it ; but going
down, there is another o f a vail length,
with a great number o f Beds on both
fides, as there are in the other tvro Arms
that form a Crofs, the Chappel for D i-
vine Service riling in the middle. T his
Holpital is fo well ferv’d, that many
Knights when they are fick go into it
to be cur’d.
Sunday 19th, the great CrolTes were
at high Mafs, in long Garments o f black
courfe Stuff", with wide Sleeves, but
Ihort, hanging under the Pallion Em-
broider’d oil a Scarf o f black S ilk , the
end whereof is ty’d to the Sword Hilt.
T he Great Mailer wore the fame, ha-
ving befides, a Purfe by his fide as Al~
montr. Behind the great Croffes, fate
on twelve Benches, the Elders and Com™
mendaries, and below them on the fides
the Knights, o f whom there was a great
number. On the left o f the Great Ma-
Iter, were the Officers o f the Palace;
that is, the Receiver, the Mafter of the
H orfe, the Chamberlain, and others»
who fate on a plain Wooden Bench, but
they wore the fame Habit as the Great
Croffes. The Mafs wasfung by the Pri-
or of the Church. The chief place next
to the Great Mailer was taken up by
his Nephew, who fate on the firfl feat
of the Great Croffes ( as he did at all
other Ceremonies) clad after the French
fafhion. He alone, after the Great Ma~
fte r, kifs’d the Gofpel, and fo made
his Offering, having had the P a x given
him, and been incens’d before the Great
Croffes. 1 was told , that the great
Croffes, when they fate in Council,
wore another Garment with longer
Sleeves, like that worn by fAe Senators
o f Venice.
A fter Mafs I went co foe the Great
Mafter Dine. T h e Table was fpread
in the great Hah near the Canopy, un~
der which was his Chair o f Crimfon
Velvet, and four othersof Leather low-
er at the end. On the firft o f thefo fate
his Nephew, on the fecond, the Grand
Prior of H ungary , on the third, the
Great Crofs Cavarretta o f Trap ano, and
on the 4th. the Great Senefchal Caraffa.
T h e Great Mafter was ferv’d in gilt
Plate, and his Meat was brought apart;
the three Knights that carv’d were co-
Ver’d,
1(f)!
*
8 Part 1. A Voyagc round the W O R L D .
t x A - 'i ver’d. T h e Great Matter drank in a
Gemelln little G lafs, the Health o f the Knights
rdp3. prefent, which was as good as difmif-
l/ 'V N J ling many o f them , who made their
Court round the T a b le ; and it may be
truly faid, that no Prince in the W orld
o f his Quality is more nobly attended.
T h e firft place in th elflan d , where
this N oble Order rdided, was Old M d -
ta , afterwards Cajlle S. Angelo , where
they withftood the terrible Siege o f the
Ottoman Fleet. A t laft they rem ov’d
to the place where they now are, build-
iflg fuch a beautiful C ity by reafon o f
the conveniency o f its Q uarries, like
Naples.
* "inr ' 1 ri 1 ' v '-rr^ tT" 1r-TII"nT
C H A P. III.
The Authors Vjj/age to Alexandria.
A ving provided all Necefiaries, I
H
® tal[
Embark d on Tuefday 2 1 th with
* ,,vhmh held all N ight, and
W ednesday 22th. It fail’d a little on
1 hurfday 23th, but came fair again on
fu t l C
J ll,s in of
»ne Illand Oozx, W elt or the Kingdom
ot lem did, along whole Coaft we ran
w ith the lame W in d , Saturday 3.5th.
and Sunday itftb. It held on all Mon-
day 27th. but Tuefday 28th.' w e had a
tedious Calm. W e d n e id a y th c2 9 th .it
blew fbmewljat fair. T h e Mafter o f
thc^l. artan being Young and unexperi-
cnc d, ignorantly took a fancy to make
the High-land, for fear o f falling in un-
a wars upon the Flat o f Egypt, and at
w eak o f D ay, he found himfelf 50 Miles
above A lexan dria, in the Neighbour-
hood o f Rofett; fo that being to turn
badcj the W ind was full in our 1 ecth ,
. cr asking, we put in at
Miles beyond A lexandria.
‘ * *us *?.a 1,Ra llC a ft le , provided with
many Pieces ot Cannon, and a G arriion
ot 200 Turks. About i t , there arc a
few Huts of Arabs, barbarous in name
ano m anners, and hideous to behold;
t i d e tho rmfcrahly poor, being wholly
devoted to icilenefs,will not W ork upon
any account ‘ here is a plentiful Filh-
particularly ot Mullets, where-
0 , [ a Farthing they fell a large Cut,
ana the Ivoes o f them dry’d for a quar-
te» 0 a Ducat. 1 he Natives live on
, he p.enty oi hifhand Fruit, for no fort
0 1 iC‘ ‘ ls there.
< to
■ . i ■ .
■ < SL
Book i.
Monday the 20th. there put into M a i-
ta a French T artan, fent by the Merchants
ofM arftilles to carry A d vice to the French
Veflels then lying at A lexandria. Cyprus
and Tripoli o f Soria for fear o f the Dutch
P rivatiers, that they might fafely ven-
ture out o f thofe Ports on their feveral
V o y ag es, three French Men o f W ar
then cruifing in the M editerranean
which would fecure them. T herefore
to avoid wafting my tim e in Expe& ati-
on o f a better opportunity to Sail fdr
Confiaminopk, whither I had refolv’d
to go, l readily agreed to fiv e tw elve
Crowns for my 'paffage to A lexan -
dria.
... ,|f ||
T h e Mafter o f the T artan went a*
lhore that fame day, being W cdnefday,
and tho it was late, would needs go to
A lexa n dria , to deliver his Letters to
theConfuI; wherefore going alhoar with
him, we fpoke to the A ga in the Caftle,
who gave hint a Jan izary tocondu&him
thither and back again, for three Pieces
o f Eight and a halfT taking along w ith
them a Horfe and an A f t , which in
thofe Parts T ra vel wonderfully to ferve
them both. T h e Mafter return’d on
Thurfday 30th; betimes, and had a Con-
tell with the Jm iz jtry , who would have
as much more as had been ag reed , for
conducing him b ack, fo that he was
forc’d to go before the A ? * with the
yew o f the Cuftom~houfei who decided
the matter to the French Mans coll, tho*
he had before pay’d three Pieces o f Light
and a half to go and com e} a piece o f
knavery thofe Barbarians often put up-
onChriftians. T h is made me very ap -
prehenlive about the Landing o f m y
Equipage, which 1 much dreaded to ex-
pofe to the avarice o f fuch M ifcreants,
by Landing it 5 but the Tartan being
order’d fo r Cyprus, I refolv’d to put it
aboard another Boat, without ventdr-
ing alhoar among fuch T h ieves, to car-
ry it by Sea to A lexan dria, where I
knew there were Chriftians, who could
help me o u t, in cafe the Arabs Ihould
go about to put upon m e; but the con-
trary W ind would not permit me to
ftir. Therefore on Friday 31th . I was
forc’d to Land all 1 h ad ; I put my f d f
into
; ' "■
 ~ o ? f u I T
into the Power o f a Jerd that was Cufto-
Cemclli. m er, o f the tw o Evilschooling the leaft.
16 9 3. But to fay the tru th , he attended me
very kindly, caufing his W ife to drefs
my Meat, and giving me a Room in his
Houfe, for half a piece o f Eight a day.
T h e Jew having fearch’d my Baggage.
Saturday the i ll. o f Auguft, about Sun-
riling, I fet out for A lexandria in a G er-
ma or B o a t, and arriv’d there in the
Afternoon. Here another Cuftomer
Jew fearch’d my B agg age, to recover
his d u ty , becaufe he o f Bichier had
fearch’d them only as his D ep u ty,
but I found ways at both fearches to
hide fome fmall things that were o f
molt confequence. I went to lodge ac
the Hofpitium o f St. Catherine o f the
Francifcan Fathers o f the H oly-Land, in
whofe Church I confefs’d, and receiv’d
on Sunday the 2d. to gain the Indulgen-
ces o f the Portimcula, giving thanks to
God for my happy arrival in Egypt, af-
ter a Voyage o f 120 0 M i le s ,' or 400
Alexin" Leagues from M alta.
drit' def- Alexandria, or Scanderia, as the Turks
cribd' call i t , was Built by Alexander the
G re a t, according to the form drawn
by Dinocrates ■, 322 Years before the
Birth o f C h rift, and in the Latitude o f
30 de<*. 58 min. It is feated on the
Shore o f the M editerranean, on a Sandy
Ground, and is longer than it is broad,
T h e Old C ity is much difinhabited, and
the antient Spot ferves to preferve the
R ain W ater for the ufe o f the Citizens,
T h e new C ity is but ill peopled, ftretch-
ing along the Shore two Miles in length,
and half a M ile in breadth 5 and it would
have been reduc’d to a w orle conditi-
on, and perhaps utterly abandon’d , by
rcafon o f the unwholfbmenefs o f the
A ir , had not the conveniency o f its Har-
and free T r a d e , which makes it
tne chief M art o f the Levant, brought
thither the Commerce o f all the Medi-
a n d X a n , becaufe o f the
convenient Carriage o f Goods brought
from the Indies up the Red Sea, and o f
thofe Erypt it fe If affords. It was for-
me ly a^City 15 Miles in compafs : It
-V ™ L duc’d to the m iferable, ruinous
. ■ S t o i e i. n 2 r i” by falling under
fpveral M ailers, and enduring many
bloodv Sieges \ but above a ll, by the
Deftru&ion made in it by Antoninus Ca-
racalla who fill’d it with Blood and
dead Bodies, not to mention what M a x -
• r , ulrculciis did to it.
*^M any Learned Men flourilh’d in A l-
txm drici bred up in its Univerfity •, and
U p M i m w y glorious M artyrs fo r
k y . <T
confefling oar H oly Faith. And were
there nothing elfe, its form er Antiqm -
ty appears by fo many Obelisks, Pillars,
and other publick Structures, the re-
mains whereof are to be feen to this ve-
ry day.
T h at fame d a y , I went about out 0!
curiofity to view the Modern Buildings,
in which I found nothing great, nor a-
ny thing remarkable in its Market pla-
ces, there being in its Bazar or great
Market, only two Rows poorly cover’d*
and wretched Shops on both lides ; and
the Inhabitants are not in all above,
15000 Souls. T he Port is almoft round
the new C ity taking up one eighth part
o f it on the South-fide. On the North
is the entrance defended by a pitiful
T ow er on the Eaflr, and an indifferent
Cattle on the W eft, but weakly F o rd -
fi’d , with a Bulwark to retire too near
which is the Mofane, not to be feen, for
they will not allow any body to go into
it j and I drawing near to take a view o f
it, was in great danger, for the M oor-
ip Children drove me from it with
Stones, and fome came forwards with
their naked Knives in their Hands, de-
manding M oney, by means whereof, I
fav’d my life , ftill flying as fall as I
could, becaufe the crowd increas’d , fo
that my Periw igg dropp’d o ff, a mis-
fortune the i f ench often meet with, and
fome times it proves fatal, for among
thole Barbarians it is dangerous to be
given to curiofity, which is natural to
me. In fhort, the French Conful charg d
me not to go far from his Quarter, but
I not regarding it, broke the Injunct 1-
on, tho’ with fuch eminent danger. In
my return I o b fe r v d , that theie was
another convenient Harbour to the
N orthw ard, form ’d by a neck of Land
lying between the C ity and the Sea.
Monday 3d. I went with a Ja n u a ry ,
aflign’d me by the C o n fu l, out o f the obferve,
C it y , to fee P W t Pillar it Hands t o in the
on a high Gtonnd, which the SeaReaves j g * J
between N orth and South. It is all of the pHlar
one entire piece o f red M arble, except isfet<lowa
the C ap ital, Pedeftal, and B a fe, on to be too
which there are certain Egyptian Hiero- add
glyphicks carv’d, height o f
10 0 Foot, the Circumference 25, that of spans,
the Bafe and Pedeftal 85. Some w ill which is
have this Pillar to be four times as big a fourth
as that o f the Rotonda at Bome^; and the Pnd fce^ s
Conful, who is a very ingenious M an, moft pr0,
told me that a French Ingemer had o f- pahie.The
fer’d his K in g to take it down, and Land firft may
it Cafe in France without breaking, but £ a im-
that the Grand Se.gm or would ™
/ / > — N%\

i n ■ 1 r <\ l
§ l

io A Voyage round the W O R L D . Book 1.

iv y ^ confent to it- The following Cut w ill little Beccaficos o f Alexandria , became
Cemeili. give tbc Reader a better Idea of it. they are fat and melt in the Mouth
l(593 - there being nothing to throw away of
behvfbut See Cut Number I. them but the Feathers. Mine other
Once men-- 1 French Men that Din’d at the T a b le ,
tion’d Wednefday the 4th. I went to fee treated me with the lame Civility, vying
whereas Cleopatra’s Pyramids. There are two who Iboujd be molt obliging to m e,
thr "e aCC of them near the Port, one o f them de- faying, That I being a ftranger, yvho
timS rrtolifh’d , the other Handing. T hey out o f Cunolky went about pending
nam’d in arc o f a mixt marble, and carv’d with my Money, and obferving what I law”
the cut. Egyptian Hieroglyphicks on all lides. I to make it known to other curious Per-
, took not the Dimenfjons of them, but fens, they were oblig’d to afllft me as
Pyramids* !,f 1 coulc* £ uel’s ky W £ y e> they Parties concern’d, and ufe all their E11-
’ feem’d to be 40 Spans about, and 70 deavours that l might obferve, and write
in heighth. About the Old City, there all things complcatly ; infomuch that
are feveral Monuments o f Antiquity to other Nations paying 20 per Cent. Cu­
be feen, in great hew’d Stones, and o- Horn, and the French but three, as has
ther Structures demolifh’d by time. been llipulated between the Traders
Marc.Antony Tambonn thcFrench Con- of Marjeilles and the Turks, they made
ful, born at MarfeilUs, would not fuffer me enjoy their priviledge, as if I had
me to continue any longer in the Mo- been their Country-Man, which was
nailery o f the Fathers, but that I Ihoukl much forwarded by Arngo Grimano, a-
lodge in his houfe, and Diet with lome Merchant o f that City, in whofe Honfe
Of his Country Merchants, and accord- I left my Equipage, when I went thence
ingly I remov’d thither Wednefday the to Jerufalcm. This is a thing not to be
5th. Here we far’d very w ell, efpeci- flighted in that Country, where the Cu-,
ally at Supper, at which we had above Homs are farm’d for a^cooo Crowns a
m hundred little Gprns Birds, as the year, including Grand Court, Rofeto x
Venetians call them, which 1 Ihoold call and Damiata.

C H A P. IV. .- .
The Authors Voyage on the Nile, and Defer ipt ion of Grand Cairc.

f * | p H E French perfwaded me to ing in a barbarous Country, where he

JL ; cloath my le lf after the Country
Falhion, that l might appear Iefs odious
in the fight of the Arabs, and partial-
iarly the Bidiunts, who are Herdfraen,
and live in Tents about the Country,
carrying their Houfes about, like the
Antient No modes. I took their advice,
being to meet with feveral Bands of
thofe barbarous People in the way 1 de-
lign’d to take. I order’d all my Affairs
on Thurfday the 6th. and on Friday
the 7th. in the Morning, being dad
bke an Arab, went aboard a fmall Sai-
ejue bound for Bichier, whither I arriv’d
after three hours Sail. Aboard the
fame Veflel came a Capigi, Porter to the
Bajfa o f Cairo, who gave me to under-
Itand by means o f a Jew , that he fhould
be glad to go with m e, and to Ihare
what conveiuency he had for lumfelf,
offering me Money if I flood in need,
Tho’ I underftood this to be a Turkijh
Compliment for his own ends, I took
no notice, but return’d him thanks, be-
alone could fecure me againft the info-
lency of the bafeft Rabble in Nature, for
the Turks are Angels in comparifon o f
tbc Arabs. This Capin for a piece o f
Eight hir’d a fmall Cerma, or Boat, in. w?
which we lay that Night for want p i an
Inn.
Saturday the 8th. wefetout at break
o f day, but we had fcarcc Sail’d 4 Miles
when the Old Capigi began to be afraid’
becaufc the Wind blew hard and the
Sea ran high; and tho’ the Bey, or Ma-
Her encourag’d him with good Words
yet he could not fhake offfear but made
the Boat return to Bichier. The Turks
and Arabs are very fearful o f the mouth
of the Nile (which is 5 Miles below A V
ftto, becaufe Ships are often loft there
coming in from Sea, and it is become
a Proverb among them, That he who
'fears not the Boaaft (io -hev call the
mouth of N ile) fairs not Gody
W e therefore refolv’d to go one half
o f the way by Sea and the River , and
rhe

I V
111 <SL
Chap. IV. -Qf T U K K Y . ti ~
C *~\S) the other half by Land ; whereupon the populous, as containing about Soood
Gcmclli. infolent Capigi, making the Bey or Ma- Souls, whereas A lexandria has not a-
1693. Her return what he had pay’d for the bore I5000. Its Circumference is fir
i / Y 'V 5 Boat, which he ought not to have done, M iles, its Figure almolt round. Fdf
becaufe the other had not been in fault, three Miles about it , there are good
he hir’d another at the fame rate to Orchards of fower Fruits; Cajfia Trees,
carry us as far as the Village o f Etbco. which are like the Plane. Palmes, and
Being aboard again with a frelh gale, other forts, but planted without any
when after three hours Sail, we came order; nor are the Gardens divided in­
to the mouth o f the Bay o f Media, we to A lleys, thofe barbarous People ta-
had like to have been loft, the Mart of king no edre to make them delightful,
the Boat coming by the Board, and [ as the Europeans d o , which yet would
was walhed from Head to Foot, with be very cade for them, by realon o f
all my Manufcript. This mouth is the goodnefs o f the Soil,
made by the Sea, running 20 Miles into The Bazatr of Rofeto is more light
the Land, like a long deep Lake, a Turk than that o f A lexan dria, and all cover’d
compar’d it to the Entrance o f S. M do with Vines, producing delicious Grapes,
in France; People that Travel by Land as are the belt Houfes, which have all
crofs it in a fmall Boat, but the Entrance pretty good Gardens,
from the Sea is dangerous. In this A t Rofeto the Capigi gave me to un­
place it is ufual to pay four Medinos (an derftand his Defign, fending on Sunday
Egyptian Coin) a Head, but the Autho- the 9th. to ask fome M edinos , a Coin
rity of the Capigi clear’d me. _ before mention’d o f me, which I fend-
Being come to Ethco , 15 Miles from ing him, and he perceiving how freely
Bichier and as far from Rofeto, we took I gave, came himfelf at noon to exad a
the common conveniency of the Coun- greater Sum, making the Interpreter
t r y , and about Sun fet came to Ro- magnify the great Service he had done
feto , all a fandy w a y , which produces me by the w a y , prote&ing me againlt
jio Grafs, or any thing but Palm Trees, the Jnfolencies of the Natives; in fhort,
and it is fb difficult going, that I won- ftacing the account after his own mind,
der it did not kill the Alfes. Generally he requir’d what was not due to him;
fpeaking all Egypt is of this nature, the and tho’ he was convi&ed of lying, yet
Natives making feveral ufes o f this fort he handled his grey Beard to gain cre-
o f Trees, without lofing any p art; for dit to his Impoilure, as if it had been
o f the Leaves they make Baskets, o f a known truth, and therefore to avoid
the T w igs C ages, and Lettice W in- contending with Turks, I gave him what
dows, of the T ree Beams for Houfes, he demanded. The Vice-Conful told
and the Fruit ferves for Food. me, that thofe People were not fatis-
The Capigi very civilly bore me com- fy’d to have the Charges o f their Journey
pany to the French Vice-Confuls Houfe, born, by thofe that Travel with them,
where I took up my Lodging, after but will get by them, fucking the very
giving fome few M ed in a for the Afs. Blood, much more the Money of a
**' , This is an Egyptian C oin, worth about Frank, for fo they call the European Chri- ,
*’ v ~rnan Bajocco, ten of which make a Ilians.
Ju lio , worth little more than Six-pence Having pay’d the Vice-Conful for
Englijh. my Diet, and made the neceflary Pro-
Ffifeto de- Rofeto , or R afchet , as the Turks call vifton, I Embark’d with a Servant on
Cctib’d. it, was formerly Cleopatra’s moll belo- Monday the 10th. for G rand C airo, a-
ved place of abode, becaufe feated on board a M eafci, with a Germ an Francif-
the Bank o f the belt Branch o f the R i- can Father. This M eafci is a large
ver N ile , and the eafieft for conveying Boat, with three Malls, and as many
the Merchandize brought from the M e - Sails, which carries a great Burden,
diterranean , and thence to A lexandria, and about 100 Paflengers; but Perfons
All along this Branch o f the River as o f any Quality pay fome fmall matter
far as G rand C aire, there lie above 300 more than the common fare, and have
Villages, and fmall Dwellings. This a cover’d place apart from the Rabble,
City is but five Miles from the Sea, the where I went commodioufly with the
mouth o f the River there, being guard- Friar. The Wind blowing frelh, car­
ed by an excellent Caltle. As for the ry’d us on briskly, always in fight o f
Buildings, it looks more like a Village, curious Dwellings and Meadows; for
and the more becaufe it is open without the Nile rendring the Soil on both fides
a W a ll, yet it may be counted very delightful, and fruitful in R ice, Corn,
Yol. IV. B 2 and
TO
/ '
12 ^ Ftfyrfge round, the W O R L D .
r v A / ’' and Fruit, eafily allures People to fet-
Gemelli. tie their abode there ; but efpecially
1693. the Illand form’d by the two Arms o f
the River between Rofeto and Damlata,
is the fruitfullcft in all Egypt-
Firft, we pafied by two Villages, and
after Sailing io Miles by Mirimbel, feat-
ed on the Illand; then by Muthithm on
the right, and Deffin on the le ft, then
by Samfeir on the right, and Elgar op-
polite to i t ; higher up by Btruths on
the left, and Zendigon on the right, all
large Towns on the River,' not to men-
tion, other Villages. Here, they fa y ,
the bell Sal Ammoniack in the W o rld ,
is dug by reafon o f the dampnefs o f the
Soil, and Camels p ifs; but this reafon
is o f no weight, there being no want
o f Camels throughout all A fia, and yet
no Sal Ammoniack.
T his Arm o f the River we fpeak of,
is about a quarter o f an Italian Mile o-
ver, in Tome places more, in fome lefs;
the Stream gliding fo gently, that with
two Sails abroad, we run feven or eight
Miles an hdur againft the Current, fb
that it is delicious Sailing along it in
good Company.
Atl. ^ p. T h e River N ile , or Abanchi (which
Egfpt.Tur. in the Abiffwe Language fignifies Father
Prov. o f R iv e rs) or T acui, as the Ethiopians
call it , proceeds fiorn two Lakes, or
Pools, in the Kingdom o f Goyama, fub-
jeft to the Emperor o f A bijfm a, one o f
Stile Id* them call’d Zambre, and the other Z a i-
rer. re, whence croffing that Kingdom, Ethi-
opia, and other Countries it runs down
to fertilize E gypt, and lofes it felf at
laft in the Mediterranean. T h e W ater
is muddy , but when fetled, very good
to Drink.
T h e Arm o f the R iver we Sail’d up-
on is winding, fo that there is no know-
ing how many Miles it is from Rofeto
to Grand Cairo, becaufe it is not gone
by Land, but Lome reckon 15 0 Miles,
W c had a good Voyage, the River be-
ing then at fullefl. Modern Authors
affign two Realbns for the Inundation;
One is the conflant R ain s, which in
Ethiopia begin with A pril, and continue
5 Months, the other the many Lakes,
Pools, and Rivers in the Country, which
beiug fw e lfd , communicate their W a-
ters to the N ile. They fay, the River
begins to f w d l , when the Sun enters
Cancer; it is higheft in A jg tifl, and de-
dines in September, fatning the Soil to
fuch a degree, that the Husband-men
are forc’d very often to qualify it with
Sand; were they not fo floathful, they
might gather two Harvelts in a Year,
I
<SL
I v
Book 1.
The common Maps divide the N ile in-
to fix Branches, and make the greatelt
o f them to run by Alexandria. In my
time, I faw none but the two here men-
tion’d. T his rniftake may perhaps pro-
ceed from the feveral Cuts made ft ora
the N ile, when it overflows the Conn­
try ; which is a necelfary ev il, becaufe
in the upper Egypt it never Rains, and
in the lower, only three Months in the
Year, which are December, January and
March.
The fame Wind continuing fair for
us, and all our three Sails being fpread,
tho’ the Velfel crack'd, between Noon,
and Sun-fetting we run about 60 Miles,
leaving on the right Fex, Selmih, M ini-
ecuirafed and Edfuch, and on the left
Atfiuh, Sumgrath, and Mecas, all great
Towns. A t Night the Wind fell, and
the N ile which before ran high like the
Sea, grew calm , fo that we made little
w ay , but always in fight o f well-peo-
pled Villages on the Shoar. There were
no Crocodils to be feen, becaufe they
never come down below Grand C airo>
tho’ the W ater be one or two Pikes
length deep, which is not fo at all times;
for in the W inter the Voyage lalls eight
or ten days, by reafon of the lhallow-
nefs o f the W ater, and fometimes they
are forced to lighen the Boats to go
forward, and the Country People ufe
other Inventions to W ater the Land.
T he Turkijh Diet is continual Pe- *
nance; for the common Suflenance, e-
ven o f thofe that are well to pafs, is a
fort o f ill-made Bread, G atlick , Oni-
ons, and four C urds; and if they have
a little boil’d Mutton, it is a great Feafl
among them. Pullets and other Fow l
are utterly banifh’d the T a b le , tho’ in
that Country they are very cheap. T h e > ^
hoaefl; Capigi far’d no b etter; but a ?.»•
trisjtry his Companion, being lefs feru-
pulous as to the Obfervance o f the Al~
coran, having fpy’d a Bottle o f W in e ,
I carry’d for my own ufe, brought it to
a fmall quantity, asking for Drink eve-
ry moment; and therefore I to encreaic
the little that remain’d, order’d my Ser-
vant to put, W ater to i t , and by that
means was deliver’d from the importu-
nity o f the Infidel, who afterwards did
not like it, faying, It was weak.
The W ind quite ceafing, on Tuelday
the n th . NinePerfons wentalhoar, and
hal’d the Boat along with a Rope, with-
out Rowing, and thus we pafs’d by Scil-
mo, famous for Corn Ihipp’d off' there;
then we left Ahici on the left, and N a-
hart on the right, with other fmall V il­
lages,
 t ,! : l-; '
■■ • , 1. - _ ■'
Chap. IV. Of T U R . K Y .
C ^ K S \ lages and Iflands, form’d by the R iv er
Genielli. in fome places. T he Land, tho’ naked
159 3. o f T re e s, was Plow’d with Oxen and
Buffalos. 7 T he Arabs love the Flelh o f
both, as alfo M utton, which is there
large and f a t ; the Sheeps T ails often
weighing feveral Pounds, but it is tough,
Thefe Mahometans eat a fmall fort o f
Grain they have, which has the taile
o f a Chefnut, mix’d with parch’d Fit-
ches.
About Noon the W ind frefhned, and
•we made more way, but the winding o f
the R iver made it rmlchlonger. On the
right fide o f the River,I faw abundance o f
T rees, like white Mulbery T rees, which
bore a Fruit near the Trunk like Med-
lars, and fweet tailed, they call them
Gurnmis, or Pharaohs Figs, to eat them ,
the Arabs flalh them before theyare ripe
to let out the bad juice. When we came
to Chlaforz.ear, they told me, we were
half way. A t Sun-fet we found our
felves near the Villages o f Sicabnl, N i-
giU , and Comfcirich, the W ind being
fa ir, which tho’ it continu’d , yet the
Boat flay’d at Terrana ■, the Bey or Ma-
Her refufing to go any further on ac-
count o f their great Feflival call’d Agi-
ram Bair am , or the Sacrifice to M aho-
meu
Stopping at this Village two hours
after Sun-riling, on Wednefday till they
had ended their hellilh Ceremonies, I
took notice o f a great heap o f Barth,
which they call N atron, dug out o f a
Neighbouring Hill, which they told me
was fhipp’d o ff for feveral parts o f Chri-
ftendom to whiten C lo th , and take
out Spots. On the left fide o f the R i-
ver is a long Tandy H ill, which runs as
f a l l G r ld C d ,.!
Wednefday the 12th. we continu’d
e ™ . Voyage, always in fight o f Villages
on both Tides, and within view o f M e-
niif, a great C ity, fix Miles up the Land,
on the right o f the Ifland. About Sun-
fet we pafs’d b y D dap and N ix * , a V il-
lage where the N ile divides it fe lf into
two Branches, the one running towards
Eofeto, and the other to Damiata. W e
came to Bulac three hours after N ight,
by reafon o f the time fpent on account
o f the afore-mention’d Feflival. Here
all the Boats that come from the upper
Eoypt, A lexandria, and Rofeto, make a
’ T h ey fa y , it belong’d to the Antient
Thurfday the 1 3th. at break o f D a y ,
I went afhoar, and faw the Country o-
verflow’d by the R iver, like a Sea, be-
ing then out at its full extent. 1 was
told, that on Friday the 7th. o f A ugujl,
if
» ’
If
. Csi
;_ ">
ij ,
the B afa attended by a great Retinue;
perform’d the Ceremony us’d every
Y ear, of cutting the Bank o f a fniall
Branch o f the N ile , call’d X a lic , that
the W ater might run by new Caire, en­
riching the C ountry, and rejoycing the
Hearts o f the A ra b s, who judge whe-
ther they ftiall have a go o d , or a bad
Harveft by the riling o f the W aters at
the Nilofcope, or meafure o f the fwell-
ing o f the N ile, fet up in an Ifland near
Old Caire. This Ceremony varies eve-
Year 7 or 8 clays, according as the W a-
ters increafe fooner or later, which be-
ing come to the heighth, a C ryer Pro-
claims it to the People. The N ile at
that time appear’d to me greater than
the Danube; what it is when low ell, I
fhall fay when I fee it.
Having taken my leave of the Ja m -
zary, who lov’d ftrong W ine, I fet out
for N ew Caire upon A ffes, and being
come thither, lodg’d at the Houfe o f
the Francifcans, in the quarter o f the
two G ates, being that of the Venetians,
call’d H art.
1 found them at Cairo, celebrating the Q
F eftivalo f Bair an, which had been kept cdm
the D ay before in the Villages. There
was a great number o f People in the
burying places, holding Lights over the
Tom bs o f their dead Friends; in the
publick Places, all Perfons v y’d in offer-
ing Sacrifices to their Prophet, o f O x-
e n , G elt G o ats, Lam bs, and Fowls,
Befides the mutual Invitations and
T reats, the multitude diverted them-
felves with beholding eight Children
turning round upon a Wheel. During
thefe D a y s, they did eat the Flefh o f
their horrid Sacrifices, efpecially o f the
Fow ls, which arc very cheap, asareth e
Pigeons, whereof there is a prodigious
number in the Dovecotes o f all the V il-
lages.
Having refled my felf in the Father s
Houfe, after Dinner, I hit d two Affes,
and went with a Fryar to Old Cairo ,
croffing the N ew , for the fpace o f tw o
Miles and a h alf, and as far over the
Fields Here alfo I lodg d at the
eifeans; then I went to vifit the Church
o f the Grecians, built within the Fort,
to fee the Arm o f St. George kept there
in a Chappel. T h e Church has nothing
great, and the Cattle is a dark Pnfon.
Copti, or Circumcis’d People, as did a-
nother adjoymng to it, deftroy’d by the
Turks. Thefie Co p u , they fa y , were
Mailers of the country. T h e wretched
Remains o f them , are ft ill to be feen
\
 /"JS* ■ G°ix
//y —
f ft j
14 A Voydge round the W O R L D.
cv_A./> la a particular Quarter ; but joyning to
Gemelli. old Caire, where they have 5 Churches,
1693. (ay Mafs after their manner, obey their
Schifmatick Patriach, and confequently
are Enemies to Catholicks. T h ey lead
an auffere and wretched Life , feeding
only on Bread and W ater , or at belt
on Herbs and Pulfe.
Old C ain , feated on the right fide o f
the Branch o f the N de, is almoft difin-
habited, there being not above 3000
Souls in it, and it is dreadful to fee its
Ruins fcatter’d in all Parts. Jo fo b 's Gra-
Granaries naries which are there, are about a Mile
in compafs, with a W all that clofes
them in. T h ey are divided into 14
large Squares, in which Corn is lay’d
tip at this time in the open A ir, becaufe
either it does not Rain in Egypf, or but
a few final! drops. " ‘
T he Father Superior o f the Houfe,
andanother Father his Companion, both
Spaniards, carry’d me to fee the place,
where Mofes was found floating on the
JSlile in a Basket, by Pharaoh’s D aughter;
the Royal Palace then Handing near that
p lace; at prefent there is a M o fane, with
Gardens and Houfes o f Pleafure. N ot
far from it is the Ifland before-meati-
on’d, where they meafure the increafe
o f N ile. Along the Banks o f Caire,
there is always a number o f Boats loa-
den with Corn, much better than ours,
brougbtfrom the Kingdom o f AW,which
fignifies happy Country, belonging to
an Arabian Mahometan Prince, tributa-
r y to the Great Turk. T hefe Boats per-
form their Voyage in 22, days, but with
fome trouble, becaufe o f the Crocodils.
Oppofite to this Great C ity, on the left
fide o f the N ile is another call’d C iz a ,
the Head o f a Government, and famous
fo r the Houles o f Pleafure, built there
b y the M am alah Princes. In the V il-
lages about C a ire, the Arabs ufually
hatch Eggs in $ 4 Days, placing them in
a Room , and making a Fire in the mid-
d i e ; during which time, they take care
to turn them now and then, that they
m ay receive fufficient heat. I would
have gone to fee this, but was told they
did it in Lent.
Afterwards I went with the aforefaid
Fathers into the Holy H oufe, in which
the Blefled V irgin dwelt feven Y ears,
with the Infant Jefu s, and Sr.. Jofeph,
when they fled the cruelty o f Herod,
T h is is within the Church o f the Coptis;
going down nine fteps, near the left fide
o f the Choir , fupported by three Pil-
lars on the right, and four on the left,
which make three little partitions. In the
(0?
Q l.
Book 1.
roiddlemott, about four Spans from the
G roun d , they (how a hollow in the
W all, where our Lady lay with her In-
fant. In the apartment on the right, is
the place where S- Jofeph lay, and in the
hollow o f the W all on the left, another
little place, where at firft our Saviour
retted, when1 he came into the Grot,
T h ere is alfo a ffon e, on which they
fa y , the Blefled Virgin walh’d , and a
Stone Table on which they eat; T hey
alfo ihow’d me a great piece o f Tim ber
and a Nail, which they faid was o f N o-
ah's Ark. I went to fee the Greek Church
behind it , which is not la rg e , and has
but one A ltar in the C h o ir, near which
afeending eight fteps, in the high part
o f the W all is the feat of their Patri-
arch. A t this A lta r , the Priefts fay
M afs, in the Old Egyptian Language,
whereof they underhand little, or no-
th in g , they are fo ignorant. Not far
o ff is the Font, made like a W ell, into
which they let down the W a te r, Bap-
tizing the Females 80 Days after they
are b o rn , and the Males 4 0 , and
fometime after they Circumcife them
both.
Having heard Mafs, I mounted m yAfs
to go home with the two Spanish Fathers,
B y the way 1 obferv’d, T h at Old C a in
in former Ages was a great C ity, its
Ruins extending many Miles in Compafs.
I alfo took notice o f the Aquedudb,
which convey the W ater o f N ile into
the S a fa ’s Cattle, drawn with Engines
o u t 'o f the Stream, as o f a wonderful
T h in g , as well becaufe o f the height o f
the Arches, as for the dittance o f three
Miles. Then we met part o f the Bajfa’s
Retinue, going to wifh a good Feaft to
a Lord o f Old Caire, beating four Drums,
and before them two D ervices, or M a- ^
hometan Religious Men, with their O r d
cal Caps on their Heads. But the befit
was to fee a Santone o f theirs, that is
another fort o f Religious Man, Naked,
with a Cap on his Head made o f feveral
R ags, and a half Coat on his Back, and
how thofe Barbarians ran in Crowds to
pay their Refpedts to him ; fo that what
fo r the Solemnity and this Concourfe we
could not go on, and w ere forc’d to
take many Affronts from that Rabble,
to lave being Baftonado’d for anfwering,
A fte r fome Stop, becaufe o f the nar-
rownefis o f the Streets, one o f the Ser-
vants ftep’d forward, and taking one o f
the Fathers by the Hood, had like to
have pull’d him down to the G round;
and at the fame time R eviling the other,
becaufe he had a little D og in his Hand,
faying
III
Chap, IV; Of T t r R K Y T
faying’ 0 fle D oS carry’d another, A s 1
GemeUu w a; going by l obferv’d , T hat an A -
X X rah made fhow as if he would ftrikc me
with a long Staff over the Head (fo r
there the Servants carry Cudgels, and
the M ailers Clubs fhod with Iron, hang-
ing at the Pummel o f their Saddle) and
•he had certainly done it, but that a M a -
vomte Chrilhan held h im ; therefore the
danger making me more cautious, I took;
ofTmy Hood that was fo odious to thofe
Barbarians. , ^
Turkilh Fe- X COJ1|ii]U d fru fa y
ftival. 14 , abundance of Cattle and Fowl being
continually Slaughter d, wbofe Flefh the
Catholicks do not Eat, becaule o f the
Supeiitiaon us d in Sacrificing o f it, and
therefore they provide fome time before,
D uring this three D ays Fefhval (which
comes 1 1 Days foonere very Year)abun-
dance of Arabian Men o f Note appear’d
mounted on good Horfes (which is not
allow ’d to Chnftians) who are oblig’d
to alight when they meet with or pafs
by any Officers o f Juftice. T h e Ja m -
zaries at the fame time Exercife their
W eapons in their feveral Quarters. O -
ther Vagabonds w ith Bottles in their
Hands fprinkle thofe that pafs by with
R o le-W ater,_ to get Mony o f them.
From the W indow I faw eight W om en
in Masks g o b y , crying out as i f they
had been poflefs’d by the D evil. I was
told this was the Egn o f a W edding.
and that they went about inviting the
Kindred o f the Bride and Bridegroom.
C a in , by fome call’d Memphis, which
others w ill have to be Babylon, is feared
In the Latitude o f 29 D eg. 50 Min. near
the R igh t hand Bank o f N ile .. It was
v e ry Fim m fhing whdft it had Sultans
and Kings o f its own ; and from that
time lias ever declin’d for 1 do Years paft,
fince it has been under the Dominion of
the Titrkljb Em perors, who fend thither
a Baffa in the nature o f a Viceroy. T h is
great C ity was built Triangular, and
tho’ the Head o f the lower Egypt, is
not Peopled as form erly *, nor fuch as
fome now pretend it. to be confifting o f
2400 Quarters or W ard s, and as many
M o ffte s, for the Plague which continu-
allyin fefts that Country, has left it void
o f Inhabitants; and tho’ the Milfioners
Bigners of and French Merchants told me. T h at as
Cane. it now is, it contains five Millions o f
Souls, 1 w ill not be taken for their Vou-
cher, for I never counted them, and the
Reader may believe as he p leafes; I
ihall only add, T h at this Report in-
Earning my Curiofity, I refolv’d to fur-
round it, and defir’d the French Conful
1 n
■ <SL
71
to procure me a Jan izary, that I might v
do it with more fafety. T he faid Con-
ful fending me the Janizary on Saturday
15 in the Morning, we mounted two
A llis, and kept Hill clofe going round,
only flopping alide ia fame Parts be­
caufe o f the Ruins. W e left behind us
the Aqueducts, and came to the G allic,
which is commanded by a H ill Eaffc of
it, whence k might foon be deltroy’d
by reafoa o f the weaknefs o f its W a lls
and T ow ers. F o r many- Miles about in
feveral Parts, are the Burying Places o f
the Turks, with M ofihs ia them, and
Tom bs for Perfons o f N ote, rais’d ou
four Pillars, with a coverins over after
the manner o f a Cupula. W e went about
it in tw o Hours and a half, fo that com*
fidering the T im e, and the fwifenefs o f
thofe A lies, C a in in my Opinion may
be about ten Miles in Com oafs Now-
lec the Judicious Reader make his own
Computation, and confider whether that
Circumference can contain five M illions
0f People, for I w ill only add that the
Streets are very narrow , and zo or -50
Perfons live in a frnall Houfe , as alfo
that we do not include in this Ccmpafs
M a c h , Old C ain , and the Suburbs.
T h e Houfes o f this Metropolis are not
Embellilh’d with M arble, or built with
Free-Stone, but with Bricks ill burnt.,
and Mud without any Magnificence,
Only two Gates o f the C ity towards
the E aft, which are Ihut up have fome
Ornament o f Marble. In other refpe&s
it may be call’d a Magazine o f the molt
valuable Commodities brought by the
Perpans, efpecially along the Canal o f
B a li, and o f all things neceflary for the
fupport o f human L i f e ; Flefh, Fifh,
Fruit, Bread, and other things being
there fold at a v e ry low R a t e ; info-
much that for the value o f a Carline o f
Naples (which is about Six Pence (a Man
may make a plentiful Entertainment,
T o return to what we were laying j
this Conceit o f lb many Millions lias
been produc’d by the Fame o f the an-
d ent and vaft C ity of C ain , which they
w ill perfwade us confifted o f five feve-
ral C ities, yet not divided, the one be-
ginning where the other ended, like
the Links o f a Chain, which are all di-
ftincl, but not divided. T h e Prophet
Jfa ia b , Chap. 19 . ipeaking o f them ,
call'd one the C ity o f the Sun, which
was the chiefeft, becaufe there perhaps
K in g Pharoah refided. O f this there
appears no other Footfteps and Remains
but only an Obeliski, and fome few
Ruins, the very N am e being loft, and
this 1
f1)1
N'S\W?
16 Voyage round the W O R L D .
C s J s S } this now call’d M afari*. But there con-
Genulli. tinues a Tradition, convey’d from the
i<?5>3* Chriflians to the Turks themfelves, thac
the Blefied Virgin psfling this way with
her Infant, relied under a T re e , which
Hood there till our T im e s , but af-
terwards was remov’d, as w e llo n ac-
count o f the Chriltians Devotion, as
for the Infidels fake •, as I was told by
the Father C a p s o f the Houfe o f the
Francifcans, who (hew’d me a great
piece o f the W ood o f it in the Choir o f
their Church.
T h e fecond C ity was c all’d A am is,
which was the fame that Pharaoh gave
to Jofcph and his Family. T h e third
Was M ifrin , built by M efiin Son to Ham,
and Grandfon to Noah. T h e fourth was
call’d Bubrillon, built in Honour o f and
nam’d by an Idol call’d Abrillon, whofe
T em ple was near Old Caire, and at pre-
fent there is a Chriltian Church in the
place. T h e fifth was Memphis, d ellro y’d
by the Mahometans, under the Em peror
H eraclius, and afterwards rebuilt by the
name o f Tefdar, that is V ifto ry, now
O ld Caire.
T h e N ew One, as we were faying has
nothing o f the Greatnefs or Magnifi-
cence o f the Old ( which according to
the Traditions we have, confided o f the
aforelaid C itie s) being built, as is re-
ported by Kahara, the W ife o f a Sara-
j Cen K in g, from whofe Name it was af-
terw ards corruptly call’d Caire, through
the Ignorance o f the People.
M aillet the FrenchConful, a Pcrfon o f
know n V irtue, and Born in Champagne,
feveral times offer’d me Lodging and
D ie t in his Houfe, which at firft I civilly
refus’d but he repeating it two or
three times with T oken s o f Affcdtion:
I accepted o f it, and began that fame
Saturday to partake of his Kindnefs at
a plentiful T ab le. In the Afternoon I faw
a D ead Body carry’d by, on a high Beer,
and feveral Priefts went by Singing, and
W om en Howling. T h ey lay, T h at up-
on the like Occafions, thofe that are well
to Pafs kill C ow s, Sheep and Lambs,
and give the Flclh to the Poor. N o r
Ihould thisfeem Itrange, fince fo much
Charity is pra&is’d there towards Birds,
to whom at Caire a certain quantity o f
C orn is given daily upon a T o w e r,
being a Legacy left then by a M aho-
metan.
Sunday itf. in the Morning, I went
to fee the Caftle, which is in the highefl
part o f the C ity, taking along with me
the two French Fathers, the Jevpifh In-
terpreter, and the fame Janizary. Being
'9
§L'
Book 1.
all mounted on Jufty Afles, we began
to ride through the C ity, fo llo w ’d by
the Infolent Scoffs o f the A rabs, who
now and then pull’d the Fathers by their
Cloaks. A fter palling by feveral Bazars
or M arkets, we came into a wide Street,
which is rare in C a i r e and in which
there were good Houfes and Mofchs.
Then into a large Place twice as big as
the breadth o f the C aille o f Naples, ' la
which there w ere two great Mofchsr
about it good Shops, and Mountebanks
in the middle. T w o Gates at the end
o f this Place led into the Caille. W e Th c
entred at that on the Right Hand, and ftie. **
puffing through three others, faw around
high W all, like the Cupula o f a Church,
but open at the top, where they told
me was the D ivan , or Tribunal where
Jofeph gave Audience $ there is nothing
elfe valuable but only 38 large and high
Pillars o f Marble. G oing further up
from this Court, through two other
Porticos, I went into a^plain Square,
oppofite to which there are two G ates,
that lead into another Court, through
which they go to the T o w e r, where the
pubiick T reafure is kept for the Pay o f
40000 Jan izaries, that are ever to be in
the Kingdom. T h e y fuffer no Man to
go into it, nor into the Apartments o f
the A ga o f the Janizaries and th e Baffa,
which arc adjoining to the fame Place,
Having obtain’d leave, at the Price o f
a Zecchine, o f the B a p , to fee Jofeph's
W ell-, we went out again at the two Jofepbi
Gates, and going up a W ay on the L e ft Wel1*
hand, in the higheft Ground o f the Ca-
Jlle Eallw ard, found four Oxen near the
W ell, which turning a W heel, drew up
the W ater with R opes o f a vaft length
in Earthen Veflels. I went down with a
L igh t, to the firlt Landing place opiteps
all cut out o f the Rock there I found
four other O xen, tw o w hereof by turns
work'd about the Engine to draw up the
W ater from the bottom o f the W ell in-
to a C iftern , made for that purpofe in
that place, whence the Oxen above af-
terwards drew it up. I caus’d a lighted
T orch to be thrown in , to obferve the
depth, and after it Cords to meafure
it. By what I could p erceive, it has
two even fides, but it is not quite fquare,
tw o fides being o f 22 Foot each , and
the other two o f 15 . A s fo r the depth,
it is 14 1 Foot from the Mouth to that
refling place, where the fecond Oxen
w ere, and as many more to the Spring,
being in all 28 2 Foot. T h e Heps in
many places are worn out, and in others
clogg’d with D irt, by the continual go­
ing
111
%f*:TA
ciisp'-Tv: ^TURKY.
r v A - ^ ing up and down o f Oxen 5 and for the
Gemelh. nioft part they are uneven and broken,
16 93. and therefore having begun to count
them, I forbore continuing that trou-
ble • however there may be about 15 4
fteps down to the firft: retting place,
From the fecond Oxen to the Spring, it
is no wider than for the W heel of the
Engine, and meafuring i t , I found two
fides o f 12 Fo o t, and the other two o f
four. T he moft wonderful thing in this
work, is its being cut out o f a hard Rock,
not only the W e ll, but the fteps to go
down to it, which in fome places are 7
Foot in len gth , in others five. T h e
W all between the Stairs and the W ell
is fix inches over, or little more. Some
fay, this W ell was made by Jofeph the
Sultan; and their reafon is, becaufe there
was no fuch City in the time o f the o-
ther Jofeph, whofe it is generally belive-
ed. However it is, if the molt recei-
ved Opinion be tru e , it was dug about
the year o f the W orld 2 2 9 8 , after the
Flood 6 4 2 , and before the coming o f
Chrift 16 0 6 , from which time to this
year is 3399 years, .Com ing out o f
the W ell, I went to divert my dimm’d
fight by the River o f the C ity , which
is all difeover'd from the Cattle •, and
to enjoy the Noble Prolpeft o f an infi-
m e number o f ftately Mofchs, and fome
Squares, and particularly a large Plain
in the midft o f the C it y , cover’d with
the W aters o f the Xalic.
T h e Cattle we fpeak o f , is a little
C ity, about three or four Miles in com-
pafi- but as to the Fortification, there
is none M odern, that can make any
long Defence. T he T ow ers are o ld ,
and the W alls ruin’d in many places,
and without the neceflary Cannon ; fo
that a few Shot would lay it level. I
fhould rather call ic a heap o f diforder-
1? Hcufes, than a regular Fort.
A t my return f met a Beer, On which
was a green C overing, or Pall held up
at the four corners by four Mahometan
Priefts, carrying as many Banners o f the
lame colour in their hands. I asking
the queftion, they told me that was the
covering or Pall o f a Tom b o f one o f
their Santones, or religious Men, which
they carry’d about to beg Aims.
Being defirous to fee fome Palace o f
any °n e o f the great Men o f the C ity,
maces. the ]iucrpreter condu&ed me to that
o f Ibrahim Beg-, but the Owner o f i t ,
who then commanded in the Ifland o f
Candia, being abfent we law only a part
o f it. His Steward receiv'd us courte-
ouflv in the Gallery , giving us Coffee,
Vol. IV.
©
<SL
Tj~
Sherbet , and Tobacco to Sbioak. A
Stair-cafe on the left hand o f the En-
trance, all cover’d with Vines, form ’d
in the Nature o f Pyramids*, led to this
Gallery •, where was the Sofia, cover’d
with Mats and fine Carpets, as was that
in a Room adjoyning, and in both of
them abundance o f Culhions to fit down
after the Eaftern manner. I was w ill-
ing to Ipend fome cime in the firft Gal*
lery, to enjoy the cool A ir , arid the
Profpeift o f the Court and Garden,which
was fet out with Vines, C iprefs, Paling
Orange, and other forts o f Trees. N ext
I faw fome very good Rooms, curioufly
Painted and Gilt after the Fafliion o f the
Country, with very fine Fcrfian Carpets
on the Ground. In the Court which
was very large, there were bearitiful
Deer and wild Goats grazing,
Thence we went to fee the Admirals
Palace, who 1$ Superintendent o f the
Caravan of Mecca, and was at that time
abroad with it, which confifted o f above
60000 Pilgrims an Employment that
yeilds about 100000 Crowns ■, for the
G rand, Seignior allows 1000 Zecchines, a
day wbilft the Jorirney lafts. The Courts
before this Palace was larger than tlm
other •, in the midft o f it, under a large
white Mulberry 'free,w as a Sofia to.take
the A ir > there was alfo a white Goat
o f Mecca, beautiful enough to behold ,
with Hair as foft as Silk. T h e Goats
o f Grand Caire differ very much from
them, for they have Ears like a Hound,
and Hair like a Grey-hound the French
for their beauty carry them into France.
Here I know not for what reafon they
would not allow us to fee the Lodgings:
arid therefore nor to keep the Conful in
fufpence, who expected me to D inner,
with all the Religious o f the French
Houft, I return’d home.
Monday 17th. 1 went betimes four
Leagues from Caire Eastward, to fee an
Obelisk Handing in the place call’d /^
M ateria, in a Garden call’d the Garden
o f H alfam : W ithin it is a Fountain, at
which there is a Tradition that .the
BlefTed Virgin retted, when Ihe came
into Egypt with the Infant Jelus and 5.
Jofeph, in the lhade o f a great T ree
that was hard by , which Was long
preferv’d through Devotion, as was laid
abdve- L ' ' - jr
Not far from this Garden, ftood for*
merly the Antient Hierapolis, or C ity
o f the Sun; the firft the D itin e Sun o f
Juftice enlightned by his prefence,whed
he entred Egypt. I faw fome remains
o f its Antiquity, particularly the above-
G metr-
 ■ Goi x
(||l
18 A Voyage round the W O R L D .
< V \ / ^ mention'd Obelisk, which is three Foot
Gcmclli. and a half in breadth, and 58 in height,
16 9 3. w ith Hieroglybicks cut on all the four
lides, as may appear by the following
Cut.
See Cut number 2.
Returning a good pace on our Alfes
towards the C ity, I came in time to fee
the Entry o f the A ga H am et, who
brought the B a fa a prefcnt o f Boots,
Saddle, and Breeches from the Grand
Seignior, which denotes, that he is foon
to depart, and another fucceed him in
the Government. The Ceremony was
after this manner. T he A ga was firft
receiv’d in a Garden without the City
by the Cbiaga, Lieutenant, or Deputy
o f the B a ft, who they faid, was a craf-
ty Knave; and having ftay’d there a few
days to furnilh himfelf with Neceffia-
ries, he afterwards made his folemn En-
try. Before him 'went little Drums
and Trumpets, after the Country Falhi-
o n , beaten and founded by Men on
Horfe-back, and 200 Soldiers well clad
and mounted. Then follow'd two Per-
fons, one o f whom carry’d the Scimitar,
\' ’ ' 1 ", V'1'
C H A P . V.
An Account of what the Fathers, James Albani, and Jofeph, Mary o f Jeru-
falem, Francifcans, End I^diffioners faw in their Travels in the upper
Egypt, or Thebaida.
T being rare in Europeto meet with
I any good accounts o f the Kingdoms
and Countries o f A f n ek , I thought
would be acceptable to the R ead er, to
it there being nothing remarkable in it.
give him a relation, which is not my
o w n , but deliver’d by F. James Albani,
and f . Jofeph M ary o f Jerujalem , born
in PaUjhne, and bred up at Rome, both
Miffioners to Grand Cawe in the upper
Egypt, to whom full credit may be gi-
ven, becaufe they either faw what they
y m te with their own E y e s o r e l f e they
learn d it ot the Arabs, o f whofe Lan-
guage they are abfolute Mafters.
T hefe Religious Men fet out from
Grand Caire, with the Prelident o f the
Hofpmum, or Houfe o f the Francifcans,
Voyage on the 4th. o f M ay 16 9 1 towards Bulac,
u? the a C ity but two Miles from Cairo W eft-
ward, which they fay, was built by one
Polo there look d upon as a God. It
is about two Miles in length, one in
§L
Book T.”~
the other on the left, in a Bafon cover’d
with S ilk , the Breeches o f red Cloth
call’d Stuff, and the Boots; after them
follow’d 100 Januaries on fo o t, well
clad in green and red Cloth, with their '♦ J
great wide Caps hanging down on their
Backs, held up on the Fore-head by a Sil­
ver Plate a fpan long, curioufly wrought.
Laftly came the A g a , carrying the Ot-
toman Emperors Letter on his Breaft
and the Chiaga, and after them two 0-
ther Troops ofH orfe, like the firft, clad
in R e d , and marching two and ’two
fome o f them having Clubs hanging on
their Backs, cas’d at the end with Silver
to denote they w ere Officers. A ll this
Company went to the Caftle, where the
B a ft expefted them , and thus the So-
lemnity ended,
W e return’d home through the Mar­
ket-place o f E n a xin , or o f Brafs and
other Bazars, where we faw rich Shops *
o f feveral forts o f R arities, brought
thither to fell from feveral Parts o f the
W o r ld ; and befidcs in the C ity, there
are excellent Silk W eavers, who weave
curious thin Silks for the ufe o f the
Country,
/ ■ * * Ah 1 >/ 1 ,
“
breadth, and contains above <0000
Souls; is feated on the R iver N U e, and
the Fathers after a fhort flay took
Boat to profecote their Voyage. About
N ightfall, they came to a place call’d
Chercalfih, or Crifopolis; but the Wind
being fair they would not flop there,
fo that about break o f day the <th they
were near Buffic, a very antient City
form erly call’d Olfos in the Coptan Lan-
guage , fignifying a high place. Ac
night they came to Hetmopolis which
in the Greek imports the City o f M enu-
rv , antiently the ereateft on the r w
ders o f the low er Thebaida where there
are ftill many Ruins o f former Build-
in g s; at prefent the Arabs call it Betuf-
a f , Abulfede believes here flood a fa-
mous Temple o f M ercury, embracing a
Statue o f kernes, and that it flood un­
der the Government o f the Greeks, but
was
■ go5 x
CP
' ' Chap. V. '~ 0 / T U R KTy T
was afterwards d eflro y’d by the M aho-
Gemelli. mttans, when they came into Egyyt.
i 6 q *. Advancing further, they came to the
Village call’d H abfclnarab: Near to it
mbfejrn- ,s the C ity Behnefe, built by an aatient
mb City, jfygnju or Philofopher, call’d Behnet.
W ithout it is a W e ll made by one Rogo-
es a notable Magician, to difeover the
incrcafe o i N ile \ it is now call’d B ir-E l-
qierrtHs , that i s , Robots’* W ell. T h e
N atives believe, that on the 15th. o f
<7lwe at N ig h t, there falls in that place
A notable a p e w , call’d Boctad , or drop ping,
Well through the Interceffion o f St. M ichael
the Arch-angel , fent that Night by
God to ftir and blefs the River j and
they are the more confirm’d in this O pl-
n ion , becaufe they fee the R iver fw cll
from that time forward : For this rea-
fon the Copti Chriftians throughout the
Kingdom , celebrate the Feait o f St. M i-
chad with great Solemnity, in their w a y ;
the Ceremony is thus: On the 14th. at
N ig h t, their Bifhops, and the C adi o f
the Country go thither, and flop u p ,
and feal the W ell. T h e next Morning
the Bifhdp having faid Mafs, they again
go to open i t , to meafure the W ater,
and by the greater or lefs increafe o f it,
they judge o f what there w ill be in the
N ile andconfequently o f the p le n ty ,
or fcarcity o f the Year. T h is M agician
w e have fpokc of, having done w onder-
ful things through his Knowledge o f the
Secrets o f N ature, was by the ignorant
Multitude plac’d among the number o f
their Gods ^ ere&ing a Statue to him
over the W e ll, which was adorn’d by
the N atives for aconfiderable time.
sbibu Being pafs’d H abfel-arab, the Fathers
City. came to very uncouth Mountains clofe to
tire Banks o f N ile. A t the Foot o f one
o f thefe Mountains call’d Giebdl-iU heir,
that is, the Mountain o f the Bird, are the
Ruffls o f the C ity S irib is, which they
w ill have to be built by the Magician S»-
ribio; and that over one o f its G a te s,
there was an Idol o f that Name. T h e y
further affirm , T hat the Magician by
his A rt fet up a Bird on the top o f the
M ountain, which in a fruitful Seafon
turn’d his Head towards the R iver, and
in time o f fcarcity towards the D efert
and that when any Invafion o f Enemies
Was at hand, it turn’d towards that part
from whence they were to come, d a p -
ping its W in g s, and crying very loud
to give the Citizens notice. A t prefent
there is a Monaflery o f Copti Monks in
this place. T e n Miles from It is a C ity
call’d M iniclcben-echafrin, and many o-
r il S ' ther Ruins o f vaft C itie s, where the
1 V o l. IV .
r\
<SL
D~
Arabs have their D w ellin gs, being pla*
ccs inacceffible to any but them.
On the 6th. o f AA*y,. they came to 4 m Mpoht
Sachiel-mufa, that R , Mofts\ W ell, near City.
which, towards the Eaft-lide of Thebai•
d a , is A m in o p tlisa m oll a n tie n tC ity ,
and o f great Renown, as may appear by
its Ruins, and vaft Pillars j one o f which
is not much lefs than Pompeyh. In this
C ity, DtocUfian M artyr’d 160000 Chri-
R ian s; and Neftorists was confin’d to
it, by order o f che firft Council oiE ph e-
fat.
Further on, they faw the C ity o f M el- o u tM
la n f and went thence under an impene- City-
trable Mountain, flill along the R iv e r,
where the Boats are in great danger, the
Channel being lhallow , and all Rock
and from thence forward they began to
fee Crocodils.
A t N ight they came to the Foot o f Abtfcie
the Mountain A bafede, or Apud-fincm , Mountain
as the Romans call’d it, once ramous fo r
being Inhabited by many great JVlagici-
ans and Mailers in the A rt o f N egro-
m ancy, who afterwards began to fail
under the Grecian M onarchy, and had
there placed Idols, particularly One they
call’d Ofebs. Egypt afterwards falling
under the Dominion o f the Romdns, they
call’d this Mountain Apad-fnem , becaufe •
o f the W onders and Prodigies feen on
it, holding it in great Veneration. Some
w ill have it that K in g Pharaoh brought
the Magicians from this place to w ork
their W onders before Mofes. T h e C h ri-
ftfan Faith afterwards increaftng, it be-
gan to be Inhabited by Holy Fathers
and H erm its, living in feveral Caves
dug out o f the Rock, which infpire Dread
and Devotion in the Minds o f fuch as
fee therm T he Latitude h ere, is 3 7
deg. 2 min. .
Five Miles further W eftw ard , is a Mtrrofd-
C ity call’d M arrofalA , and oncheM oun- Ink C itf
tain that over-looks it, call’d the Green
M ountain, flood the Monaflery o f E l-
ma-harrach where there is a T radition
that the Blefled Virgin, her Son, and S.
Jofeph Hay’d fome time.
Thence they went to the C ity A fu tl, Afiul Cl-
form erly call’d Babajlus, feated on a vaft ty.
high Mountain, antiendy inhabited by
Holy Anchorites, whofe Caves are lu ll
to be feen. Near to it, there were tw o
other Cities, the one call’d Dortmcbe, o f
the name o f a Goddefs^ the other S a ­
olb, where there are flill many Antiqui-
ties to be feen. Here the heat o f the
Sun is fo violent, that the Franki have
much difficulty to endure i t , and the
Journey is dangerous becaufe o f T hieves,
G * w ho
it i
1 ■
20 A Voyage round the W O R LD,
rv -A -^ i who every Night fwim over to plunder
GemellL the Boats.
16 9 3 . Going R ill forwards they faw A bri-
tifch, or the City of Werms, where there
Abritifch aj £ many andent Strudures ruin’d. T h e
Clty* Bilhop of this place fubfcrib’d to the
Council o f Calcedon.
GUbd-ep- On the 11th . they came to Giabd-ejfa-
ffrbirc hare, that is, the Mountain o f N egro-
Mountain. nianccrs, formerly call’d IJis ,o i the God-
defs o f that Name, to whom the Peo-
pie o f the middle Thebaida us’d to offer
Green Leaves of feveral forts, and made
fundry Sports after the Egyptian man-
ner. The Statue of this Goddefs o f a
prodigious bignefs, is R ill to be feen
half bury’d in the G round, at the en-
trance into a Cave. T he Egyptians be-
•lieve, there is a great Treafure under
it, which the Negromancers have often
endeavour’d to dig up, but all in vain,
On the top o f this Mountain is a Cave,
in which they fay, there lives a V ip e r,
as long as a Mans Arm , which winds
it felf about the Necks o f the Turks that
go to vifit that place, which they elf eem
moR H o ly , without doing them any
harm y and Pcrfons o f credit in other
Cafes report, That it has been feveral
times cut into 4 or 5 pieces, and always
joyn’d again by means o f the Devil. L et
him that pleafes believe it. Under this
Mountain, the Fathers Rood expos’d to
intolerable heat till Evening, refiing at
N ight, about the fame place in danger
o f Thieves.
Ltbti, Bt- T he next day being the 12th. for
tuvid,and want o f W ind , they drew the Boat to
fAt Cities. t|ic foot 0f auothcr dreadful Mountain,
under which is the City Labta. T e n
Miles from it is another deRroy’d, call’d
Benavid, which in the Copti Language
fignifies, Houle o f the Stars, becaufethe
Inhabitants worlhip’d the Stars. Pro-
cceding further, they came to the anti-
ent City Fan, in the Copt* Language call-
ed Sanp i, and in the Greek Crocodilopolis,
the vaR Ruins teRify its andent great-
nefs.
A Ymm. After many Sufferings and Hardlhips,
and Afioib the Fathers arriv’d at Achm im , by the
Cities. Greeks call’d Oxyringus, a City of the
middle Thebaida, Patiently a Biihop-
rick, as may appear by the A&s o f the
Council o f Conflantinople, Borolhaus B i-
Jhop o f this place fubferibing to it. T h is
was the fecond City built in Egypt, by
the Pffllofopher Hermes, in the EaRern
Defert. Thence they went to another
call’d Jftolh antientasthe other-, its B i-
Ihops Colofir "ms and Andrew having been
prefentat the Council o f Calcedon. Here
X 'X
.. , . ^ ; y fe ( •
§l
' ' i
Book 1-
they found the Latitude to be 26 deg.
4 min. Ten Miles from this City the
Fathers entred into a long Valley, where
there are Caves, and little MonaReries
on the Mountains, in which there once
liv ’d H o ly , Religious M en, and which
R ir up Devotion in the molt Rony hearts-
Here they Ray’d two Days and a Night
to vifit them , and admire the narrow
Dormitories and fmall Cells cut out o f
the hard Rock. Then they T ra vell’d
9 Miles along the V a lley, and faw a
Spring gufh out o f the folid Rock,which
is call’d o f the A lijfin e M ofes, a Holy
Hermitage in pad Ages. Hence they
advanc’d 18 Miles further a-foot, and
found a Lake they call Birchel-Elban,
furrounded with pleafant Trees, where
there were alfo fundry C aves, Hermi-
tages, and folitary D wellings, fome
whereof run a quarter o f a Mile into the
Rock. T h e biggeR Cave had a large
Entrance, adorn’d with CrofTes, and o-
ther devout Works. Thefe Holy pla­
ces draw T ears from the Faithful, fee-
ing them ferve as Receptacles to infa-
mous filthy M en, addi&ed to N egro- v
mancy.
The Fathers returning to the Entrance Ndrnlis
o f the V ale, profecuted their V o yage,
and after advancing fome time W eR - 1
w ard, arriv’d at the C ity M afcia, in
former times call’d Nalopolis, where
there are many andent MonaReries, and
other Struftures to be feen, now ruin’d,
Going forwards they came ^to the C ity
Grcge, but before they arriv’d at it, they
faw the A ir cover’d with LocuRs , as
big as W heat-ears, which come from
Nubia, and do much harm in the Coun-
try. Grege is 10 Miles from the N ile ,
for which reafon they were forced to
Travel by Land on Camels. Here the
Fathers were entertain’d in the Houfe
o f a C hriRian, whither many ether
ChriRians o f the Country came, very
defiious to be inflxucted, and therefore
propos’d feveral Doubts concerning the
Catholick Rites, the Roman Church, and
Pope. T h ey remain’d very well plea- >
fed and convinced by the defereet an-
fwers o f thofe Religious Men, who were
well vers’d in their Language; fayin g,
they had never bear’d fuch found D o-
dlrinc ; and not having feen fuch a Ha-
bit before, they were never fatisfi’d with
beholding it. E Jofeph being in a C h ri-
Rian’s Houle, and E Jam es without, the
Officers came to apprehend F. Jam es,
7on account o f the T ribute, F. Jofeph re-
prov’d them, but it avail’d nothing; but
when he was gone half w a y , he was
refeu’d
^ 1 .
'timwartniniftiiiim
'iti*'^i i ' t oi f 1m
"mif - ■»&
Cl| <SL
'C h ^ V O /T U R ky : “ 7~
( \ A / 1 refcud by fome Chriftians o f the Conn* that came as Spies, vvJhilft their Sultan
Gemelli. try. . _W3S making fo great a Daughter o f Turks,
16 9 1. They continu’d at Gregc till the 20th The Fathers pleaded the belt they could
e - ^ / x j of M ay, and fetting out on theulh. the but the Judge Hill replyin g, that they '
Pirdu and fame chriftian furnilh’d them with all were come in that habit to carry on their
Elbciuni p,jecc|paries for their Journ ey, and bore Deceits- order’d the Mailer o f the Boat
° WI& them company to the Boat j but finding not to depart without his leave. A
it was gone, gave them two Afies, and Chriftian o f the Country, the reft o f
made two o f his Servants condud them the Inhabitants being Mahometans, in*
to Pardie, fix Miles diftant. A t Pardis terpos’d with the Ju d g e, layin g, the
they took B o a t, and fetting forward Franks were come with h i m , to vilit
with a fair W in d , came to the Tow n the Churches and Monalleries o f the
o f E lh lia n i, where the M ailer o f the Chriftians, and that when they had per-
Veflel flay’d to mend it. Sailing thence form’d their Vifitadon, he himfelf would
and coming to the llland o f the R iver, fee them back. Yet this did not latisfie
they law a Crocodile <Sor 7 fadom long, him, but he would needs fend lome Per-
A t night they came to the Foot of wild foils with the Fathers, to enquire into
Mountain, call’d Eltarcg, where they their proceedings. They feeing no 0-
were forced to continue that Night for ther way to l id thcmfelves o f this trou-
want of Wind. bje, produced a Letter o f rccommenda-
T h e next Morning being the 22th. tion they had from the Secretary o f the
they advanced to the other little llland, chief o f the Arabs, which the Judge ha-
where they found two other frightful virig read,and receiv’d fix Me dines,be was
Crocodils, and continuing their Voyage appeas’d, being able to get no more o f
under dreadful Mountains altogether the poor Fathers.
unpeopled,Hill met with more Crocodils. Six Miles further, entring into the copm Ci-
About Night-fall they Hopp’d at a place, upper Thtbaidt, is the antient City of ty.
where one Jofeph was head o f the Arabs, the Copti, from which not only the Na-
T heir Provifion being quite fpent, they tion o f the Copti, but all Egypt took
r'w n flay’d the 23d. at a Tow n call’d Difne, name. This Metropolis had a Trade
,s and fent a Turk to buy a M ediae, that is in the Port afore-mention’d , and was
about fix penniworth o f Bread ; but feated in 16 deg. o f latitude, and 6 1 o f
finding none they went away falling. Longitude ; Strabo lpeaks o f it thus.
Some Arabs coming along the Road N ext to the Temple o f Venus, is that of
to plunder them, they put them to flight Ifis •, and then thofe they call Typhonnia,
With their Shouts. a” d the Cut that runs to Coptus, a Town
Dm itri N ex t they came to the antient C ity common to Arabians and Egyptians •• Then
City. Dandara, being the third built by H er- follows the Ifthmus running out into the Red
mes the Philolbpher, in which was a Sea, near the City Berenice, which the’ it
Magnificent T e m p le , with many Sta- has no P ort, yet has convenient places o f
tues, and ftately Structures all ruin’d. . Entertainment, becaufc of the nearnefsof
Palling thence, they came to Caane or the Ifthmus. Philadelphia is fa id to he
Caine, or j a the middle Thebaida, three the firft that open’d this way with his Army,
r" Miles from whence the Egyptians had a when it fa s deftttute o f Water, and trebled
Cbofiir Port (Jt) the Red Sea, DOWcall’d Chofcir, Inns as well fo r foot Travellers as Camels 3
Port on whence in Pharaoh’s time they traded to and that he did fo , becaufe it was difficult
the Red- In dia, and part o f Arabia. T h ere they failing on the Red Sea, more efpecially from
** lay that Night in great fear, becaufe the Upper part o f it. Experience has Jbewn,
three Robbers came fwimming, and 15 that this was o f great advantage-, and now
upon the Land to clap another Boat a- all the Indian, Arabian, and Ethiopian
board theirs, but they kept them o ff as Commodities brought up the Arabian Gulph,
they had done the others with their are convefd to Coptus, the mart o f thefe
ihouts. Goods. Not fa r from Berenice, is the Port
On the 24th. the Mailer o f the Boat o f M uris, which City has an A rfen al, or
went about to gather his Pallage Money, place for building o f Ships. Not fa r from
and the Fathers being Hill aboard, the Coptus is the City of A polio; fo that there
Judge o f the Country came with an Of- are two Cities, whichjhut up the Ifthmus on
ficer, to enquire who they w ere, and both ftder, but Coptus, and the Port of
what they went about. He feeing a dif- Muris are now the chief. T h e Bilhop
ferent fort o f G arm ent, fufpeded they o f this City o f Coptus went to the Coun-
were Religious Men^md therefore would cil o f Ephefus, as may appear by its
not be pacify’d, faying, they were Franks A d s.
Pro*

2*
| ( f ) |
22 ^ Foyage round the W O R L D.
< V A /i Proceeding on their w a y , the Boat
Gemelli. was forc’d to flop till midnight for want
16 9 3 . b f Wind, in a difmal uncouth place ; but
the Wind coming up fair again , they
%”*> ° r went o n , arriving at laft after many
Citv; r Sufferings at the City Kno, or Cosborbir,
1 which they fay was Apollo’s C ity , and
one o f the greateft on the Banks o f N ile,
They could not go any further for want
o f W ind , and the Men trying to tow
along the Boat with R opes, were not
able to endure the heat o f the fcorch-
ing Ground againft their F eet; and
therefore being half parch’d with the Sun
they turn’d back to put in with much
UuetAt labour at Night to the City Naccade.
city. The Fathers being come thither, went
to the Bilhop’s Houfe almoff familh’d ,
having been fome time without Provifi-
ons; and producing the Letter o f R e-
commendation they had, diredled to him,
when they thought to make amends for
their paft Falling, they had a wretched
Supper o f a little Cake, and fair W ater
to refrefh them. Here many doubts
were propos’d to them concerning our
Holy Faith, to which they gave excel-
lent Anfwers, the Bilhops in thofe parts
being very ignorant. The City is beau-
tiful, antient, and abounding in Mona-
fteries o f Copti Chriftians.
On the 29th. having hired another
Boat o f a Chriftian, they fet out for A f-
fun. T h e W ind blew fo hard, that
they were three times in danger o f be-
ing call aw ay; and afterwards coming
about againft them, they lay ftill. Then
f towing the Boat with Ropes, they came
City. W on t^ie 3°th. to the City Luchferem. It
was in paft times call’d Luchfo, or light,
and built on the Eaft-fide o f the R iver,
in honour o f an Idol; but in procefs o f
time, another Idol being fet up, it was
call’d Luchferem, that is, two Lights, or
elfe had the name for being compos’d
o f two Cities. In i t , befides the re-
mains o f noble Structures, there are to
be feen two Pyramids, each o f them 40
Spans about, and all the four fides full
o f Hieroglyphicks. There are alfo, before
the Gate o f the Old C ity, two Idols o f a
prodigious bignefs, o f which all from the
Shouldiers upwards being broke d ow n,
what remains is 21 Spans high, the Shoul-
ders are 12 Spans in breadth, the Ears
5 Spans long, and three and a half broad,
Thefe Statues might have remain’d whole
ftill, had not the Natives gone about
to break an Urn they had on their Heads,
hoping to find fometreafurein it. T he
Marble they are made o f, is wonderful
briglit, and as it were a mixture o f Gold
2^
% L
Book I;
foraewhat greeni/h, all of a piece. T he
Chriftians conducted the Fathers into
the City , fhowing them 16 Pillars o f
feveral pieces, but 47 Spans about, and
further on a great fquare building, com-
pos’d o f 100 P illars, 37 Spans about.
Hence tliey went to a Temple o f Idols,
cover’d with vaft great Stones, each o f
which was thirty Spans lon g, nine in
breadth, and fix in depth,
Having feen this, they were condudf- CM City,
ed to the City Chak, now inhabited by
Arabs. In the four principal Streets o f
it, they faw abundance o f Idols in the
lhapes o f Bucks, Goats, Camels, Lions,
and Bulls. Going into the Old C ity ,
they found the Gate o f it o f an extra-
ordinary height, and fix Rods in breadth,
all o f large free ftone, with Hierogly-
phicks cover’d both within and without,
and the W alls being fallen, this flood
ftill. Further on they found a wonder-
ful T heatre, encompafled with a W all
o f vaft great Stones curioully carv’d ,
14 Spans thick, and o f a proportionable
heighth. In the midft o f it is the place
for the Shows, almoft a Mile about;
hemm’d in by fix Rounds, making in all
about 200 large Pillars, adorn’d with
Hieroglyphicks, each o f them 15 0 Foot
high, with a Capital, on which five Per-
fons may fit at their eafe. In this T h e -
atre fome Chriftians and Arabs liv e ; and
becaufe o f its ftrength, the Robbers,
when ptirfu’d by the B ajfa, retire to it.
In the fame City is a Lake o f green Salt
W ater, not colour’d by corruption, but
as they w ill have it, by A rtM ag ick ; nor
is it known whence it Iprings, or whi-
ther it flow s; but it fwells as the N ile
grows fmall, and finks as that River ri-
fes. W hat is more,dirty Linnen put in­
to it immediately turns white : T hey
fay, it had formerly a hard Ston^ bot-
tom in all parts, being a quarter o f a
Mile about.
A t a fmall diftance from the Lake, is
another parcel o f Pillars, which in times
o f Chriftianity was a Church, there be-
ing ftill the Pi&ures o f Our Saviour, the
Blefled Virgin and A ngels, to be feen
painted after the Grecian manner. They
call this place Sameavenegium, that is ,
ftarry Heaven, becaufe the Roof,through
certain holes, artificially reprefents fe-
veral Stars, and Signs of the Zodiack;
at prefent it lerves the Arabs for a Sta-
ble.
In another place, there are two Obe-
lisks o f a very great heighth ; the Pe-
deftal o f one , o f which is 7 6 Spans a-
bout, that o f the other 40 half way bu-
ry ’d
|
A y <V\
© < S L
"Chap. V. Of T U R K Y .
fV A -o ry’d in the Ground; near to which there
Gemelh. are two others o f the fame make and
K 93 - bignefs, but thrown down by misfor-
C/'v ' ° -tunes o f times. N ot far off, there were
two Idols o f the fineft Marble, 14 Spans
high, 011 Golums of Porphiry, o f a pro-
digious bignefs, which led into a Street,
cover’d with flat Stones, 36 Spans long,
and 12 in breadth, all over cover’d with
H iereglyphicks, and fupported by a
W all o f Stones o f an incredible bignefs.
A s they were going to fee another par-
cel o f Pillars, they found in their way
another very large Idol o f curious Mar*
ble» and being come to the place they
defign d , law 15 0 Pillars 60 Spans a-
bout, but made o f feveral pieces, and
10 0 Spans in height, befides the Capi-
tals, on which iooPerfons might Hand,
A t the entrance into this Strudfure,tbere
were two Idols o f the fame Marble, lit-
tie inferiour to Porphiry, and o f fuch a
monftrous bignefs, that the very Foot
was eight Spans long. A few paces fur-
ther, is a Fort or Caftle, where entring
at a G ate, and going up ftairs, they
came into a great open place, with fe-
veral Rooms about it, andas many more
above them, in three other apartments,
Clofe by this Caftle is a way under
Ground, that leads to the N ile and C ity
Hapalimus, on the W eft fide, now call’d
Medinalhabu. In this C ity , there are
alio many remains o f Temples and The-
atres. There is alfo a fmall Lake that
fills when the N ile increafes, and finks
as it decreafes, near to which, there are
two Idols lb big, that they are difeern-
able 10 Miles o ff; one o f them by the
Country People is call’d Sam ula, and
the other Damula.
T h e Fathers having taken fome reft
in the Houfe o f a Chriftian, fet forward
agaift with much fear o f Robbers, and
a violent heat o f the Sun, and at two o f
the Clock in the Morning came to the
Amint City Ltcophi, now call’d A rm ant, re-
City. nowned for many Tem ples, and great
Strudlures, befides Statues and Colums.
It was once the feat of a Bilhop, and
Volufcianus owz o f thole Prelates, was at
the Council o f Ephefus; S. Epipbanius al-
fo makes mention of him. Oppofite to
this C ity, in a fmall ifland made by the ,
N ile , there are daily feen hundreds o f
Crocodils, o f feveral forts.
Demerit' nex£ Morning at Sun-rifing, they
City. Pafs’d by the City Democrat, built by
an andent Philofopher o f that name; at
prefent it is call’d Demcicrat. On the
2$
^
3 1 ft. they came to the Village o f A lfon,
three Miles diftant from the R iv e r, on
a Hill, where the Houfes are meanly co-
ver’d with Mats, for want o f better Ma-
terials. Clofe by is the C ity o f Latona,
now call’d A fn ey under the Tropick o f
Cancer; the Country about it is a con-1
tinual Oven to Europeans, not us’d to
fuch violent heats.
On the firft o f Ju n e, they went with
a Letter from the Bilhop o f Nacade, to
find a Chriftian, whofe name was M arc,
to carry them to fee the Monaftery built
in the Plain four Miles from S. Helena,
where Dioclefian put to Death 460200
M artyrs, and o f the Invocation o f the
Holy M artyrs, now inhabited by lome
Religious Men ; but they were diiluaded
from going thither by a chief o f the
Arabs, call’d alfo M arc, becaufe at that
place, there was a Judge , who was an
Enemy to B anks, and would either put
them to Death, or Imprifon them, and
therefore not being able to perform
their holy defign , they refolv’d to re*
turn.
Having taken a fmall Boat that was
out o f repair, it foon fill’d with W ater,
which oblig’d them to return to the G i-
ty. Going aboard again, being call’d
by the Owner o f the V eflel, who had
repair’d it , they found the Men fo wea-
kned with falling their Ramadan or Lent,
that they could not r o w ; wherefore F.
Jofeph, and one Waterman falling to
the O ars, row’d the Boat to the afore-
mention’d City Armant, 40 Miles from
A sfu n, forbearing to R ow at Night
through wearinefs. In the Morning F.
jofeph fell to the Oar again, with the
fame M an, and they labour’d fo hard ,
that at Noon they came to Naccade.
T here they went to vifit the Bilhop, but
found him not at home; yet he return*
ing with fix Copti Priefts, receiv’d them
with his ufual civility. A fter Supper,
with the Bilhop’s leave, they propos’d
feveral Queftions about R eligio n ; and
tho’ their ignorance was convinc’d by
the Fathers Learning, yet they would
not fubmir, but faid they would the next
day produce their Arabick Books, which
did not avail them, for thofe very Books
ferv’d the more to confoundthem; yet
they would never give over nothing talk-
ing to the pnrpofe. After which, the good
Fathers return’ d down the lame R iver
to their Hofpitium, or Houfe at Grand
Cairo.
CHAP-
f(i)l
A A A / A k ^ A -j

%.

2,:|, A Voyage round the VV O R L D. Book 1.

fV A -O
CZtl CHAP. VI.
The Deferif Hon of the Pyramids of Egypt, and Mummies of the -Defert.

T ftill remain’d, that I fhould fee the roe, as alfo that o f the W ell w ithin,
I Pyramids o f Egypt, and Mummies o f which F. Lazarus another Capucine, had
th e D e fe rt, which not being pra&ica-
ble without a good Company , for fear
taken 20 Years before, caufing him felf
to be bound and let down with a Rope
o f the A rabs, 1 fpoke to the Conful for into that dark place, out o f meer curio*,
him to find fome method for me to go (kjt.
fafely. He out of his goodnefs took the T h is great Pyram id, which is the
pains to fpeak to fome French, who were neareft to Caire on the N orth-lide, has
preparing for the fame Defign with a 208 Stone fteps o f feveral heights, which
good Guard, and fo I made one of their are fuppos’d to have been cover’d with
Company. Marble, fince taken away for other Stru-
W e were to fet out on Tuefday rgth. ftures. Its Perpendicular height is 520
but found my eyes fore, having left the Foot, the length o f every fide 682, the
W indow open at N ig h t, by reafon o f the fiat on the topis made o f 12 Stones,
the great heat; tho' i had been fore- being 16 Foot 8 Inches Square; where-
warn’d not to do f o , becaufe that Di- fore they fa y , that an Arrow foot by a
ftemper is an inevitable confeqrence o f ftrong Arm , would not fly beyond the
i t , and therefore in the Afternoon, I Pyramid. There are 16 fteps up to
rode on an A fs , about the Bazars or Entrance, which leads to a Square way,
Markets, and pubiick places o f the City, all o f an equal bignefs, that goes down-
In my way 1 met a Man about 40 years wards. Its height is three Foot and a
o f A ge, with a long Beard, and all. 11a- half, its breadth three Foot and a quar-
ked from Head to F o o t, whofe hands ter, its length 76 Foot. A t the end o f
all People ran t o k ifs , which my A fs- it is a place about ten Foot wide, which
driver did with much Devotion. Some leads into another w ay, o f the lame
W omen kift’d the end o f thofe parts, length o f 76 Foot, which goes upwards
which in tnodefty ought to be cover’d , at the end whereof there are two ways,
to render tbemfelves fruitful. Asking the one upon a lev el, twelve paces in
who this w as, they told me he was a length, with a Room at the end, and
great Santone. the other that, goes upwards, fix Foot
,r W c fet out on Wcdnefday 19th. for four Inches wide, and 16 2 long. A tth e
inids. 3* BHac or Pulac on twelve Affes. Being end o f this is a G allery to go through
come thither we took Boat, there being into a Room 32 Foot in length, 16 In
no going by l and, becaufe o f the over- breadth , and 19 in height, the R o o f
flowing o f M l* W e came before Noon whereof is plain, and made o f 9 Stones,
to the Pyramids, or rather vaft Moun- Within this Room, which is about the
tains o f Stones, the whole way being third part o f the Pyram id, is an empty
but 12 Miles. Curiofity prevail’d with Sepulcher, laid to be Pharaoh’s, o f white,
me and fome French M en, to go up to red, and black Marble, feven Foof'tw o
the top o f the lirft o f them , rather on inches in length, three Foot and an Inch
our Knees than Feet, the lirft fteps be- broad, and three Foot and three Inches
ing four Foot high, and three in breadth, high, a narrow fpace to contain fo great
going equally all about, and growing a Monarch. By the meafure o f this
narrower by degreesatill the-top. From Tom b, it appears, that Men now are as
the top o f the Pyramid, is a profpedt big as they were 3000 Years a g o , and
Over a vaft extent of Country, or rather that vve are no left than our FOre-fathers;
a great Defcrt o f Sand. Being come as alfo that this Stone rauft be lay’d be-
down with much trouble, we prepar’d fore the Structure was finifhed, becaufe
to fee that they call Pharaoh’s T o m b , there is no way it could be carry’d
into which the entrance is through a in.
hole half fill’d up with Sand. F. Fulgenti- Between the two ways already men-
w delovars,a, Capucine, fuperior o f their tion’d , on the right hand, is a Wa l l ,
Houfe at Caire, and an able Mathemati- which appears on the Ground Perpendi-
cian having drawn the Pyramid, and ta- cularly from the Horizon, making the
ken nil the Dinienfions, both within and Figure o f the Hebrew Lam ed, in which
without, 1 prevail’d with him to give it down 7 7 Foot, there is a fquare W in­
dow,

/
i® —.v^N
<y/
/
■ . -
Chap. VL 0 / T U R K Y.
P ^ A y ' or inlet to a fraall Cavern, cut out o f the
GemelU. foft Stone that runs Weft w ard ; the Py-
1693. ramid being built on the hard Rock,
Down 15 Foot in this C avern, there is
an oblique W ay, cut in the fame Stone,
two Foot and four Inches in breadth,
a n d two Foot and an half in height , de-
fcending 12 3 Foot, where it is Hopp’d
up with Sand and Stones. T hofz Bar-
bariarn fa y , there was a palfage there
' under G round, to the empty Head o f
an Idol, that ftood not far from the Py-
ramid. A s much o f this Idol as re-
mains, which is from the Shoulders up-
w ard s, is 26 Foot in length to the top
o f the Head, and from the Ear to the
Chin 15 . All this that has been laid,
w ill appear the more plain ly, by the
following Cut.
See Cut, Number III. Page. 10 .
A . The Entrance into the Pyramid., 3
Foot 6 Inches high, and 3 Foot 3 Inch-
es wide.
B. 7 he Defcent 76 Foot long.
C. The [face at the end 0/ theDefcent, 10
Foot wide
D . The Afcem 76 Foot long.
E. The Afcent 6 Foot, 4 Inches wide, 164
Foot long.
F. The way between 8 and 10 Foot long.
G . The empty Room.
H. Tke Room 32 Foot long, 16 long, and
19 high.
I. The empty Sepulcher, or Tomb, 7 Foot
2 Inches long, 3 Foot and an Inch broad,
and 3 Foot 3 Inches deep.
L. The way into the Room where the Tomb
is, 8 or 10 Paces in length.
M. The Plain on the top of the Pyram id,
16 Foot, 8 Inches fejuarc.
N* The Perpendicular heightb being 520
Foot.
O. The length of each fid e , being 682
Fiot.
P. The firfi depth of the Well being 77
Foot.
Q. The fecond depth o f the Well being 12 3
Foot.
T h e other Pyramid is equal in height
to that already defcrib’d, and 200 Paces
diftant from it W eftw ard ; the fquare at
bottom is fomewhat lefs; and it is hard
gettiug to the top o f it, the Stones are
fo worn with A g e ; and the more be-
caufe there are no Steps jetting out like
the other. Near thefe two Pyramids is
a third a fourth part lefs, feared on a
riling R o ck ; each o f its hides is twenty
foot lefs than the firft ; and tho’ it is
Vol. IV .
® ,
mu
21
IJ~~
lo w , and fmaller, it is all of, a White
Stone, and the breadth equal to the
height.
In the Evenings all the good Company
went away Northwards to the Pyramids
o f the Mummies, two hours T ravel from.
the others, and at an equal Diilance
from Grand Catre, where we pafs’d the
Night pleafantly in Tents. , .
T/j«ry^2oth,W hilltourCornpanions Otherpy«
were bargaining with the Arabs to Ihew ramids.
us the Mummies, F. Fulgent ms, and I
went into the firlt ot the eleven Pyra-
mids there are iii that Plate, whereof
he taking the Dimen lions both .within
and without, we found every tide to be
643 Foot. T he Entrance is on the
North-iide, about the fourth part o f its
height, but not in the middle o f the;
Horizontal L in e ; for there are 3 1 6
Foot towards the Eaft, and 327 towards
the W elt. There is but one W ay 3
Foot and a half wide, and 4 Foot high,
always defending for 267 Foot ; A t
the end o f it is a Room 2 7 ,Foot and a
half long, and n in breadth Arched.
A t the end o f this Room is another way
upon the Level, 3 Foot wide, and 9
and a half long, which leads into ano-
ther Room 21 Foot long, and 1 1 broad,
Vaulted like the other, and v.ery Lofty,
with a Iquare Window on the Welt-end,
which is its utmolt length, 24 Foot,
4 inches from the Floor. From this
Room we went into another W ay o f a
confiderable breadth, as high as a Man,
upon the level, and 13 foot 2 inches
lo n g ; at the end whereof is a great
Room, Arched after the fame manner,
26 foot ar.d 8 inches long, and 24 foot
1 inch broad. T he Floor is o f folid
Rock, with fome Points jetting out un-
equally, leaving fome fpace in the mid-
die.
There is no going up to another Py-
ramid near this, becaufe there are no
Hops in the Stone outward, like thole
already Defcrib’d, meafuriug thebottom
o f it, we found each fide to be 6 3 1 foot
long.
T h e other nine Pyramids, excepting
only one, which is equal to the laft fpo-
ken of, are all little, or o f a middle
fo e, but differing in W orkmanfhip; and
Lome o f them are very beautiful cora-
pos’d o f Stones o f a prodigious great-
nefs, fuchas feem impoffible to be placed
there by art o f Man.
T he Arabian Hiftorians and W riters An A n-
are o f Opinion, That thefe Pyramids bim Fa-
were erected by a King o f Egypt, whofe D
Name was Saurid, 300 Years before the
D Flood*
•
m
 ■ Goi x • ■ •■ wifipli
—X A ■ v;

f I )|
X^y .v^y
** k i -SHS f l f l gm M .

... , ....i
"26 yf Foydge round the W O R L D. Book L
rv A -^ J Flood, and they intermix their Account up in Clothes. Tow ards the top o f the
Gemelli. with fo many Fables, that they lofe the Pyramid,, they fell upon a Stone, ia
16 9 3. little Truth they deliver. T hey write which was the Statue o f a Man, with, a
iy*V ~0 that this King having had a Vifion, Gold Plate on his bread fet with Je w -
wherein it appear'd to him that the els 3 a Sword o f a great value , and on
Earth was turn’d upfide down, that Men his Head a bright Carbuncle, as big as
lay ftretch’ d out with their Faces on the an Egg. Under the Stone there were
Earth, and that the Stars fell from the Charaders, which no Man in the W orld
Firm am ent; he was much terrify’d, but could explain to him. T h ey add, that
kept it fecret. A fter this he faw the after Almamoun open’d that way, many
Stars fall'from Heaven in the fhapes o f went in, whereof Tome dy’d , and this
Birds, which ferv’d as Guides to Men is the fabulous account the Arabian
to Condud them into two great Moun- W riters give.
tains, by which they were afterwards T h e truth i s , T hat thefe Pyramids The true
cradl’d, and the Stars darkned. Being were built to ferve for Sepulchers or
frighted at this Vifion, he brought to- T o m b s, as Strabo and Diodorus, affirm ; mids yra
gether 13 0 Soothfayers, or Sorcerers, -and is made our. by the T o m b , to be
front all parts o f Europe, among whom feen in the biggeft of them, whether k
was the famous Adimon, and declaring be o f Cheophos, as Herodotus W rites', or
his Dream to them, they guefs'd and ofChem if, n Diodorns affirms. And tho’
foretold, that there would happen a A rifiotk f ays, the Kings ol Egypt un-
mighey Deluge, which would endanger dertook to raife thefe Strudures to ex-
drowning the Country o f Egypt, and ercife their T yran n y ; and F lifty, that
that this would come to pafs within fome they did it to ffiew their Power, and to
Years. T h e K in g hearing th is order’d keep their Subjeds employ’d, that they
thefe Pyramids to be built, and fome might not think o f revolting ; N ever-
conveyances under Ground, to turn a- thelefs the principal end o f them was to
way the W ater o f N ile into the Pro- ferve as Sepulchers, and preferve the
vince call’d Jlfc id a , in the mean while Bodies for a long time 5 for they belie,v-
conveying all his Wealth into the Pyra- m g, that the Souls would continue fo
ipids. When they were finillfd, he long with the Bodies, as thefe continu’d
caus’d them to be cover'd with rich Silk, entire, not to inform, but to keep them,
and celebrated a great Feaft, all his as their firft Habitations; they therefore
Subjeds reforting to it. T hey tell ma- us’d all poffible means to preierve them
ny other ridiculous Fables, and among from Corruption, by Embalming and
the reft the Copris write a pleafant One Placing them in fueh famous Strudures.
in their Books, tox,. that under the great N or have they been altogether difap-
Pyramid there is an Infcripdon o f this pointed in their Defign, fince their
Purport. Bodies have been found w h o le, and
King Saurid has built the Pyramids in found after lying tw o or three thoufand
time, & c. and has fmifh'd them in fix Years. Winch mov’d Plata, who was
Tears. H'hoficver comes after him, or be- 13 Years in Egypt to conclude from it
Utves him fclf as powerful as he, let him that the Soul was Immortal.
undertake to defiroy them in 600 Years ; Thofe good Kings built ti e Pyramids
tho- it is eafier to pull down a Strullure than in that fhape, that they might laft the
ta E reB it. H e cover’d them with Sdk> longer, becaufe the tops doe not prefs
let another try to cover them with Mofs. the bottom, nor the Rain cannot D a-
W hen the Caliph Almamoun came in- mage them ; tho’ fome fay they made
to Egypt, he had a curiolity to fee what them fo, to reprefent the Figure o f their
was ihut up in thefe Pyram ids; and tho’ Gods. Yet it is believ’d, and with lome
the thing was reprefented to him as Reafon, T hat the Egyptians from the top
impracticable, yet be with Fire and V i- o f them made their Aftronomical Qb-
negar, andiron T o o ls, temper’d after fervations, and feded their Year,
a particular manner, over-came all dif- T h e Steps o f thefe Pyramids being
Acuities. In (hort, the Entrance that is made o f lolid Stone w ell Polifh’d, D io-
in the great Pyramid was his W ork, dorus and Herodotus are o f Opinion, they
and he found in a mighty thick W all were cut ia the Mountains o f Arabia,
fuch a Treafure, as made good the ex- which are beyond the Delta. Herodotus
pence of opening it. T hey alfo found further believes, That fuch vaft Stones
a fquare W e ll, and Doors on all four were drawn up by Wooden Engines
fides, which led into certain V aults, placed on the firft Steps to raife them
where there were dead Bodies wrapp’d to the fecond. But Diodorus lays, T h at
- t fuch

2 8
X ^, ,-
Chap. VI. , O/TURKY.
C s J^ S )fuch Engines not being yet invented at
Gemelli. that time, there was a mount o f Earth
1693. railed o f fuch a height as was requilite,
\S Y ^ J and the Stones being drawn up to it,
they were then let to rundown towards
the Stru&ure ; which can never be fwal-
low’d by any Man that has not a Greek
Fancy. * There were in it but two ordinary
W e purpofely forbore feeing the o-
thers that were further off, being above
30, Icatter’dabout theDelert, and were
led by the Arabs to fee the Wells or
Mmnmies. Sepulchres o f the Mummies, which thofe
1 ’ covecous Barbarians keep conceal’d to
get Mony of the Franks. In ffiort, they
would have 20 pieces o f Eight o f us.
Many are o f Opinion, That the Mum-
mies are found up in the Dsferts o f A -
rabia, and that they are the Bodies o f
People Stifled and Bury’d in the Sand
when the South-Winds blow j but they
are much deceiv’d, for they are no other
but the Bodies Of Ancient Egyptians En-
balm'd. There are many o f them
found in Caves under Ground, near the
Ruins o f the ancient Memphis, which is
all hollow above and below. The way
into thofe Caverns is through fquare
W ells, fo contriv’d that a Man may go
down putting his Feet into Holes on
theoppofite Tides. Thefe W ells are cut
in a foft white Stone, found all about
thofe Parts, after going a Fadom deep
in Sand; nor are they all o f a depth,
but the fhalloweft o f them is 42 Foot.
A t the bottom o f them are fquare open-
ings, and a Pallage 10 , or 15 Foot long,
which leads into fquare Arch’d Rooms,
each fide o f them being 15 or 20 Foot
in length. By each o f them is a Stone,
on which the Embalm’d Bodies lie, fome
o f them in Chefts or Coffins of black
M ulbery-T ree; others in Tombs cut
out in the fame Stone lhap’d like a Man
with his Arms ftretch'd down by his
fide*. There is generally found under
the Tongue of thefe Bodies a Plate o f
Gold, weighing about two Piftoles;
and therefore the Arabs deface all the
Mummies, which they afterwards fell to
the Mahometans, and they toChriftians,
tho’ fometimes they find nothing. Near
the Heads o f thefe Mummies there are
Idols found, and the fhapes o f Birds at
their Feet. On the W alls there are
Hierogliphickscut, which perhaps ferv'd
for Epitaphs, and befides there are in
each Room feveral Sepulchres of Chil-
dren and others. Going down each o f
thefe Wells, there are feveral Rooms
and Caves, having a Communication
from one to another, without any other
Vol. IV.
2^
27
Light but what comes from the Mouth
Of the Well.
Going down into one o f thefe, we
found a Room-zo Foot fquare, cut, as
has been faid before out o f the Stone $
about it were Tombs o f Perfons o f Qua-
licy, and on the Floor, o f Servants.
Mummies, which I believe had beeii
lately put in by the Arabs to get Mony.
They were fwath'd like Children, and
laid in twoChelfs o f Mulbery-Tree very
thick and folid, in which there were fome
little Figures in Chalk, kept by me to
this Day, with a Skull Embalm’d that fell
to my fhare; being good as they lay for
Wounds, and fome Diftempers,
The Egyptians Embalm’d thefe Bodies, The way
1 mean thofe o f Perlons o f Note, rip- of Em-
ping up their Bellies with a very iharp tabuing,
Stone; then taking out their Bowels,
wafh’d them with Wine, and drawing
them through an Aromatick Powder,
fill'd them with pure Myrrh, Caflia, a<;id
other Sweets, without Frankinccnfe, and
putting them again into the Body clos’d
it up. This done, they laid the Body
in Niter, and left it there 70 Days, after
which they wafh'd it again, and wrapp’d
it clofe in Linnen Swaths, which they
Anointed on the outfide with a fort o f
Gum, which they made ufe o f inftead
of Salt. Thefe Bodies they plac’d in
Chefts or Coffins o f black Mulbery-
T ree, courfly hew’d to the (hape of Many
or Woman, as they are daily found in
thofe Caves.
Being come out o f the W ell, the A - A - , ,
tabs conduced us to fee a Labyrinth, rmch,
where the Ancients bury’d Birds. W e
went down a narrow Pallage into a
Room, out o f which we crept on our
Bellies through a Hole to certain ways
where a Man may walk well enough up-
right. On both fides o f them there are
Urns, in which the Birds were bury’d ;
there is now nothing in them but a iit-
tie Duff. Thefe ways are cut out o f a
Nitrous Stone, and run feveral Miles,
like a City under Ground, which they
call a Labyrinth,
A t Night we return’d to Grand Cairei
my fhare for the Expence of this ffiorc
Journy amounting to four Zecehinesy
that is 32 Shillings.
In the way between the Old Caire
and the New, I faw the Turkish Soldiers
Exercife in a curious Plain near the N ile.
They were about 4000 Horfe, who ran
T w o and T w o, dextroufly ftriking a
piece o f Palm-Tree with their Lances
in their full Carrier. H d i, then Balfa.'
D 2 of
|(I)| <SL
____ ■_.■■— ... - -- ---- --- -■■■— --- «------- —
— "■ —■*—«mmrnrn*..■■■-■■«»»..———
28 A Voyage round the W O R L D . Book 1.
o f C^ire, came every Wednefday and Sa- Caste have many Lands, and about
Gemelli. turday to fee them from a Balcony in a 500000 Crowns Revenue each o f them,
1693. Great Man's Houfe •, befides the great which they fpend m fupportirig the M a-
V Y ~ V r efort o f Bets and Princes, with their hornetan Pride and Arrogance with Mag-
Subjefts and Slaves well enough Clad. I nificence, keeping hundreds o f Horfes
was told that the 18 Begs that are at in their Stables.

t* CHAP. VII.
The Author continues his Travels to Jerufalem.

Onfieur Benovit M aillet having in- ver, but not fo large as thofe on the
M vited me to be at the Feafts o f way to Refete,
s , Louis, with all the French Merchants, Sunday 23d, we A rriv’d at Damiata
would not have me depart upon any within an Hour after D ay, having run
. Account •, but I having rcfolv'd to leave 10 8 Miles 3 yet we ftay’d in the Boat
* Grand Caire, return’d Thanks for all till the Cuftom-Houfe was open’d, and
the Favours lo generoufly bellow’d on were clear’d without that ftri&nefs us’d
me during my Stay there, and prepared in Italy. I took up my Lodging in the
to fet forwards. Accordingly on Friday Houfe o f a Maronite, Procurator to the
the 2 ill 1 went to Bulac, which is but a Religious Houfe at Caire, to whom I
Mile diftant. By the way I met the was recommended by the Father Prefi-
Fuueral o f a Turk of fome N ote, with dent, becaufe at Damiata there were no
a great Turbant on his Coffin. Prielts Religious Men, nor Confui, or French
o f the Mofch went before Singing, and Merchants. _
his Women follow’d W eeping on Affes. Damiata is feated on the right fide o f Dimitt,
Many o f thefe Ceremonies ought to be the N ile, in 30 degrees o f Latitude, City,
perform’d in a D ay to fatisfie the De- It is ill Inhabited by reafon o f the un-
fires o f the Mahometans', for they lay, wholforanefc 01 the A ir, and is not a-
that it being dear Living in companion bove half a Mile in length, and as much
o f former Tim es, when they might buy in breadth 5 yet becaufe o f the conveni-
30 Eggs or 2 Pigeons, or a Fowl for a ency of the Port, and Shipping off, it
Penny, and therefore now a Plague were is much Retorted to, and has a vail:
neceffary that the Survivors might live Trade. N ot very far from it Eastward
the better. on the top o f Mount Cajius, is the
I imbark’d on the N ile before Noon Tom b o f f empty repair'd and beautify’d
for Damiata, and running down the by the Emperor .Adrian.
Stream without Sails got into the Arm I endeavour’d immediately to inform
o f the River that pafles by that C ity, my felf, whether there was any co n v o
T o fay the Truth, 1 Ihould not have niency o f V effete bound fo r Ja ffa , or
made it my Bufwefs to go to this Place, Joppe, and being told there was one rea-
had not the Ships bound tor Mecca been dy at the Mouth o f the R iver, I would
gone three W eeks before from the Port not flip the Opportunity, laying m at
o f Sues c for I Ihould have imbark’d A - once all the neceflary Provihon tor the
board them, to take a Ihort cut to the Voyage, and particularly o f excellent
Eaft-Indus, as the ConfuJUiad Advis’d dry’d Rows o f Mullets which are there
me, whereas the way I was now going extraordinary cheap. A s 1 pate d by
was very tedious. thcCufloro-Hoiife, the janizary demanu-
Saturday 22d, wc continu’d our way ed a Zecchine for my Permilhon to Ira-
wiih our Oars, becaufe the Boat was bark^ but 1 telling him I was a ,
(mall. This Arm o f the R iver towards Man he was forced to be fatisfy d with
Damiata is not fo full of W ater as that the third part o f .a Crown. This hap-
o f Rojho which is the reafon it often ned to me becaufe there was no Conlul,
happens that the Boats by reafon o f the and the Jewijh Interpreter would not
lhallownefs are (lop’d for feveral Months fpeak one word to my Advantage, tor
near the Sea without being able to get fear o f being Baftouado’d ■, and when (
out. There are Dwellings enough a- would have had him go four Miles down
long the Banks o f this Branch o f the R i- with me to the Vefiel, to be my Intet-
0 preter

• bb
® <SL
f
"Chap. VII. Of T U R K Y.
preter with the .Matter, he refus’d it,
letting me go alone at the Difcretion
o f the W ater-Men whom 1 did not un-
derftand. Thefe prcfented me to the
Cuftomer o f Hisb* on the right fide o f
the R iver, who took no Duty o f me,
becaufe I carry’d nothing but Provifions.
But a Black o f that Place, not willing
to let flip lb fair an opportunity o f
Cheating, feeing me alone, and without
any Body to Hand by me, Hopp’d me,
demanding a Zecchine for my Liberty
to Pafs, and tho’ 1 anfwer’d it was not
his Due, and that I would W rite to the
Conful at Cairo, to complain to the
B affa; yet he continuing Poiltive in his
Demands, bid me Pay firtt, and then
W rite at Pleafure; nor did he Delitt,
tho’ I offer’d to go back to do as I faid.
Therefore not to let flip the opportu-
nity, which once loft I mutt have ftay’d
lome Months for another, (as happen’d
to a Religious Man, the Mouth o f the
Harbour being choak’d up with Sand,) I
turn’d again and gave the Black two
jDutch Crowns.
T h e W ater-M en would alfo have
play’d their Knavilh Part ; for tho’ we
had before agreed what I was to give
them, yet now they Demanded more,
before they would take me into the
B o a t; holding me in Sufpence when I
was moft eager to be gone, till they had
got their W i l l ; after which they carry’d
me Aboard the great Bark which was
then taking in that part o f her Loading
o f Rice, Salt and Beans, which Ihe had
left behind to be able to get over the
Flats o f the River. Being come thither,
the Rais or Matter began to play his Part,
asking twice as much for my Paflage as
was ufual to Pay, which if I would not
Pay, I might return to Damiata, which
he knew was not in my Power. A fter
much contending, I being fometimes fi-
lent becaufe I did not underftand, and
other whiles Exprefling my felf by
Signs, I comply’d with his W ill, to a-
void protrafting the Difpute to no pur-*
pofe. T ru ly a Chriftian that falls into
the Hands of thefe Barbarians, is much
to be pity’d, for they have not the leaft
fpark o f Modefty or Companion. T h ey
are never fatisfy’d till they have empty’d
a Man’s Purfe, giving one another N o-
tice o f the nature o f the Prize ; for
which reafon in thefe Countries, but
particularly in Europe it is abfolutely
necefrary to be flock’d with Patience, as
well as with Mony, which I endeavour’d
to fornilh my felf with in order to vifit
the Holy Land.
$1
Setting out about Evening that fame
Sunday 23d, we Sail’d all Night with a
fair W ind, and Coafting along a fandy
Defert Country on Monday 24th, with
the lame profperous Gale a iriv ’d at Jaffa
an Hour after N ight-fall, having run 15 0
Miles. I had no other Disturbance by
the way, but the continual Cries o f thofe
Barbarians, who are but little skill’d in
the A rt o f Navigation ; for tho’ they
have learn’d it o f the Chriftians, and
therefore ule the fame Sea Term s, yet
they are not fo Expert at it.
Having rode at Anchor all Night, we
Landed with much Difficulty on Tuefday
25th, after paying the Matter o f the
Veflel a Zecchine and a half for mine and
my Man’s Pailage. I took my Lodging
in a Jem 's Houfe who was an Interpreter,
as all thofe do that go to the Holy Land,
there being neither Friars, nor French
in that little Place.
Jaffon, Jaffa, Joppe, Zaffo, or Artiffo, JaffuOtjt
^s others call it, is thought to have been
built by Japbct, Noah's Son, before the
Flood. It is feated in the Latitude o f
32 Degrees, and is the Port all Pilgrims
refort to, who go to vifit the Holy Pla-
ces at Jerufalem. Here it was the Ma-
terials for the Building o f Solomon'sTem-
pie, brought from Mount Libanus were
Landed; and here the Ancients feign
that Andromeda was expos’d to be de-
vour’d by the Sea-monfter. Here it was
St. Veter rais’d Tabitha to Life again,
and in its Neighbourhood he faw the
Sheet let dowrir from Heaven with all
forts # f Creatures in it, by which G od
gave him to underftand, that he ought
not to fcruple admitting the Gentils to
the Faith and Baptizing them. W hilft
I was here expecting the Caravan o f
Camels, which comes from Rama, there
role fuch a violent Storm on the Sea,
that no Veflel could come in for feveral
D ays, and thofe that were in the unfafe
Harbour were all loft, particularly ours
which took in its Loading in the D ay,
and on Wedncfday Night, the Seamen go-
ing all to Sleep, without taking care firtt
to fecure her, fhe funk with all the Goods,
only thofe fleepy Beafts being fav’d by
fwimming Aihorc.
T he Camel D river came betimes on
Wednefday the 26th, to awake me in or-
der to fet out with a fmall Caravan o f
3 0 Camels, but I chofe to ride upon an
Afs. Having T raveli’d Ten Miles thro’
a plain Country, part Untill’d and part
T ill’d and Planted with O live-Trees,
we came to Rama at break o f D ay,
where I was receiv’d by the Superior o f
the
'
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30 ^ Vojiage round the W O R L D. Book L

'V A / i the Houfe o f the Captains o f Jerufalem , tain, with a ruin’d Caftie, About half
Vemeili. w ho prefently gave an Account o f ray way we (aw Jerem y’s V illage, where
*693. A rrival to the Father Guardian o f Je ru - they fhow’d me a ruin’d Monaftery o f
W v> fa rm , that with his leave I might go to Fra-ncifcans, who had abandon’d it, be-
that City. caufe fome o f them had been k ill’d by
pKpni Rama, Ramma, Ramie, or Ramola, the Arabs. N o t far from it is ieen the
Town. memorable for the Sepulchre o f Rachel, Village where St. John Baptifl was Born,
and (laughter o f her innocent Children, Palling over the Bridge we came into
is a little open T o w n , Inhabited by A - the Valley o f Elah, famous in H oly W rit
rabs, Jews and Chriftians. T h e Coun- for the Combat between D avid and the
try about it is Fruitful, producing be- Giant Goliah, whilit S a d ’s A rm y look’d
Tides W heat, good Fruit, as Grapes, on from the Mountain next Jerufalem ;
Figs, Melons, and other Sorts. It was, and that o f the Philifiians towards Rama.
as fome believe the Country o f St. Jofeph Hereabouts I alfo faw the noted Caft-le
o f Arimathea, a fecret D ifciple o f jefus o f Ematu on a H ill, where the Building
Thrift. " is ft ill preferv'd Handing ( if it be the
Tim fday 27th, 1 went with fome Fa- fame) in which the two D ifciples, after
tliers three Miles o ff ( I always mean the R efurredion knew our Saviour in his
Italian M iles) to vilit the Place call’d breaking o f Bread.
L id a , where St. George was beheaded, Being come to Jerufalem about the
being a Church ferv’d by Greeks. A s I Evening, the Fathers directed me to go
return’d 1 was (bow'd a Mofch, which in at the Gate' o f Damafcus, that the
had been a Chriftian Church built by St. Turks might fee me and receive the T r i-
jHelena, where under the high A ltar 40 bnte, becaufe I had not been at Jern fa-
M artyrs are Bury’d, brought thither by lem before. I went thither accordingly
her out o f A rm enia, but the Arabs do with a Servant, and finding no Body at
not allow us to go in. T h e Fathers al- the Gate proceeded d ired ly to the Mo-
fo (how’d me near the Church o f their nailery o f St. Saviour, without any ft o p ;
Jiofpitium , the Houfe o f Nicodemus, but the Guardian fearing fome Mifliap,
who took our Saviour down from the perfwaded me to return and fend fome
Crofs. Chriftian to give N otice to the Turks,
Friday 28th, Leave being come from that they might come to the Place ap-
the Father Guardian o f Jeru fm m , I paid pointed to enter my Name, as they did.
the Cuftomer for C afarre, or T rib ute, T hen l went to the Monaftery, where
1 4 Albulchelb, worth fo many Ducats o f the Guardian receiv’d me very Courte-
JNapUs ; and he according to his D uty oufly. T h e Strudure o f this Monaftery
fumiflimg Borfes, I fet out on Saturday is not large, nor lo fty, but convenient.
29th with fome Fathers, and the C adi, T h e re are five fma 11 A ltars in the little
who was returning to jerufalem . W e Church ; three at the upper end, and
T ra v c ll’d 12 Miles over the Plain, and two againft the Pillars that fupport the
18 more over Mountains planted with Arch. T h e Floor is laid with good
O live T re e s ; palling through the V il- black and white Marble, but the main
lage o f the good T h ief, fo call'd be- Point is, that the Church is decently and
caufe he was Born there, confiding o f devoutly ferv’d by 50 Fathers,
about 300 Houfes, and feated on a Moun-
\ •.

CHAP. VIII.

The Defer iption of Jerufalem, and the Holy Places,

Jerufalem TTErufalem, form erly call’d Salem, So-
City, J hma, and Capitolina, by the T n rh
Curumobareeh, and Leucofi, and by the
Natives Chutz, and Godtz, is is 3 1 D e-
grees o f Latitude. It was Built by M tl*
chifedec, between two Mountains Calvary
on the W eft, and Olivet on the Eaft,
between which and the C ity runs the
Brook Cedroa, that lofes it fe lf in the
dead Sea. T h e remains o f fo many no-
ble Stru&ures as are to be feea about
this C ity are a fuf'eient Teftim ony o f
its ancient Splendor, tho’ it be now
quite alter’d from what it was, through
the Viciffitude o f Fortune, and terrible
Havock made in it at feveral times by
fundry Nations. W hat Cruelties were
not executed in it by Anm chus, the Son
of

r'

b ^
(f(t)| <SL

ChTp. Vlil. Of T u R K Y. ~~
o f Selencus, and the other Antiochut his T h e Fathers had been /hut up /even
Son •, who fpar’d neither the W ails, nor Mouths by reafon o f the Plague, which
Solomon s T emple. Simon M ackabm ha-* had rag’d ail about them and the Chri-
ving fubdu’d and r d io r ’d the regal Seat ftians being to be admitted to theBleHed
to it, 6 1 1 Years after its firft Ercdtion, Sacrament, within a few Days, the time
Pompey the G reat came 8 1 Years alter, was anticipated'for my fake. Hereupon
took it, and lefc only the name and /ha- all the Faithful went on Sunday 30th to
dow o f its Magnificence. T h e T yran t bear Mafs at the Fathers Church, where
H erod, having taken it after a long Siege 1 obferv’d chat the Women there do not
from Antiochus, in whom after 106 Years cover their Faces, with a Mask, like the
the Race o f the A fm oneuns ended, Egyptians, and all their Body is wrapp’d
cruelly abandon d it to f ire and Sword, ia a white Sheet, wearing on their Head
N o r was Agripoa any better, being the a Tadema, that is, a Cap with feveral
laft o f his Stock, who D y ’d wickedly as Points. An Infant was Baptiz'd, and the
he had L iv'd , about the time o f Julius Father chofe me for God-father.
C&far. In him ended the regal 1 itle About Evening I went to vilit the Mount
among the Jew s, but not the Calamities H oly Places, attended by a Father ap- CWwgo
o f Jcrufalem , fince not only the City was pointed for that purpofe, and the Inter-
after wards Deftroy d, but its famous preter o f the Monaftery. Fil'd we went
T emple wholly overthrown by the Em- to Mount Calvary, and attending many
peror Titus , who with Famine and Steps, entred into a (mall Church, flip-
Sword flew a Million and an Hundred pos’d by the Greeks to be the Place where'
Thoufand Citizens about the Year o f our Abraham, by Order from G od, would
Lord 7 1. He that would have a further have Sacrific'd his Son IQtac. A few
Account of its Mileries, may find enough Steps further is a dark Vault, form erly
o f it in both facred and prophane Hifto- St. Peters Prifon, and the Turks (till make
ties, that being a Subject from my Pur- ufe o f it as fuch.
P °* e* _ In another Greek Church, which was
T h e prefent Jcrufalem is not the fame once the Houfe o f Zebtdec, they /hew
it was form erly, for its Compafs is lefs the Place, where St. John Evangelitt, and
than three Miles, and the Inhabitants St. Jam es's Sons were Born ^ and behind
under aoooo. It is feated at the foot it the Apartments that belong'd to the
o f the aforementioned Mountains, high Knights o f the Holy Sepulchre. T hen
on the W eft, and low on the Eaft. It we pafs d through a midiing Arch, which
has fix Gates,, which are thofe of Beth- they call the Iron Gate, through which
lew , Mount Sion, Sterquilinia, or the St. Peter, when deliver’d out o f Prifon,
Dnnghil G ate, St. Stephens, Hcrods, and went out o f the City with the Angel,
o f Damafcus3 befides the Golden G ate, N o t far from thence we came into St*
which is /hut up. T h e W alls are not M ark's Houfe, where they fay Sc. Peter,
ftrong, nor have they any Baftions, but when the Angel left him' withdrew to
Email T ow ers, without Cannon, o r a meet the reft o f the A p o ftles; who are
D itch , except on the W eft-fide, where /aid to have there begun to Baptize in a
it is not very deep. Clofe by is the Stone Font, /till to be fecn : A t prefent
Caltle built by the Pifans, on the Ruins this Place, is a little Church o f Sirians.
o f D avid’s T o w e r, which reaches over A t a fmall Dillance is the Houfe where
the W alls of the C ity. T here is but a St. Thomas liv’d, which now is a Mofch,
fm all Garrifon in it, and fome pieces o f and the Houfes o f the three M arcs, o f
Cannon difmounted, which they dream Geophas, o f Jam es, and o f Salome, into
to have been Godfrey o f Bellmens. The which there is no entring, becaufe they
old Caftle, when D avid had fix’d his are Inhabited by Turkifh Women. Fu r-
C ourt in it, after expelling the Jebufites ther on entring into a fpacious Court,
was by him call’d Sion. I fjw the Church o f St. Jam es, with a
In the City they drink no other W ater good Monaftery Inhabited by 50 A rm e-
but what they keep in Cifterns, vyhich man Fathers. T here are tw o great
femurs the Belly like a Purge i tor that Gates to the Church, which is fupported
o f the Fans fgnatns runs only to the by four large Pillars, making a Square,
Temple of Solomon, and the Cadi's Pal- and three Ifles, laid with good Marble,
lace, and for many Years paft W ater is It was Built by the Spanljh Nation, in
as dear as Bread. T h e City and Coun- Honour o f St. fam es, who was Beheaded
try about is govern’d by a Sangiack, in that Place; and the particular Spoc
fubordinate to the Baffa o f Damaf- on which he fuffer’d Martyrdom is feen
CHSt inn fmall A rch, in the thirdChappel on
the
1 'v
f(Dt
^2 ^ Voyage round the VV O iv JL L).
rs^ w O the left fide o f the Gate. In the firft on
Gemelli. the fame fide, isW orlhipp’d the Body o f
16 9 3. St. Macarius., Bifhop o f Jerusalem. T h e
l / 'Y 'v i Armenian Patriarchs feat it on the right
Hand o f the Altar. In a Mile o f the
Womens little Church, on the left o f
the great one, there are three fpeckled
Stones, on the biggeft whereof, brought
from Mount Sinai, Mofes broke the
Tables o f the Law, when the People
would not keep i t ; the other on the
right was taken out o f the River Jordan,
near the Place where Chrift was Bap-
tiz’d by St. John; the third on the left,
was on Mount Thahor in the very Place
where our Saviour was Transfigur’d,
All the Pilgrims that come to vifit the
Holy Places, are well treated by thefe
Greek Fathers, who find them goodLodg-
ings, and Stables for their Horfes.
R o u te Going out of the C ity at King D a-
Where the v;d s, or Mount Sion G ate, we faw the
B. Virgin Burying Place of all our Catholick Chri-
Dy d‘ Ilians, and clofe by the remainder o f an
old W all o f the Houfe in which the
Blefled Virgin Dy’d, and St. John faid
Mafs fometimes.
church of Then paying a Zecchine, I went in to
the Apo- fee the Church of the Holy Apoftles,
files made which now lerves for a Mofch. It has
a Mofch. But one Ule, but large after the fafhion
o f the Country, with only two Pillars,
A t the W ell-end is the Tower or
Steeple, whence the Santone calls the
People to Prayers. A few Steps lead
down to the under Church, which is
low, but longer than the upper. In this
Place our Saviour kept the PafTover with
his Difciples, Initiating the moll H oly
Sacrament of the Eucharift appear’d
to them after his Refurre&ion, and Con-
fecrated St. James Bilhop of Jcrufalem.
Here the Holy Ghoft came down upon
the Apoftles in fiery Tongues. Hither
they fay St. Peter came when he was by
the Angel deliver’d out o f Prilon •, St.
Matthias was Elected into the Number
o f the Apoftles, inftead of Judas St.
Stephen was made Deacon with his fix
Companions; the Apoftles hid them-
felves during the Pcrfecution o f K ing
Agrippa ■, and they held the Counfel
where it was Decreed that Circumcifion
was not neceflary. Here the Pillar was
kept at which our Saviour was Scourg’d,
Here St. Peter faid his firft Mafs on the
Fealt o f Pentecojl, as did St.John. Here
is to be feen King D avid’s Sepulchre 16
Spans long, made by Solomon. Some
Authors alfo affirm that St. Stephen’s
Tomb is here. Near the Cenaculum, or
great Room they ihew the Place, where
A9
<SL
Book 1.
King Manaffei was Bury’d. They will
have it, that the Lamb our Saviour eat
with his Ddciples at the laft Supper waS
Roafted under the Stairs that come down
to this Place; which as it may be likely,
is a Matter o f no Moment. W ithout
the Church is the Ciftern, where the
Apollles parted in order to go Preach
the Faith throughout the W orld. T h is
Church was Built by St. Helen, as were
all the others o f the Holy Places, and
afterwards Repair’d by Sancha, Queen
of Naples and Sicily.
On Mount Sim , which is clofe by, Mount
and where the Ruins o f David's Palace sion-
are Hill to be feen is another fmall, but Cephas’s
neat Church, kept by the Armenians, in H oufe,
the Place where Caiphas the High Prieft’s now a
Houfe Rood, in the Porch whereof was Church,
the Fire at which St. Peter was warming
himfelf, when he deny’d Chrift three
times ; and therefore they Ihew in the
W all o f the fame Church, the Place
where the Cock Crow’d, the Pillar not
being there at prefent. They alfo Ihew
on the left of the A ltar, a Vault in
which Chrift was Confin’d and Scourg’d
the firft time. On the Altar is fix’d,
and takes up a great Part o f it, the
Stone o f the Holy Sepulchre, which the
Armenians took from that Church, dur-
ing the W ar o f Candia, when it was
given then inCuftody, the Catholick Fa-
thers being call into Prilon. In this lame
Place Judas fold Chrift for 30 Pieces o f
Mony, and here he reftor’d them to go
Hang himfelf in Defpair.
In a crofs way without the C ity they Antmsh
fhew’d me where the Blefled Virgin Houre a
wrought the firft Miracle after her Death, Church'
as the Apoftles were carrying her Body
to Bury it in the Valley o f Jofaphat.
Returning into the City by the fame
Gate, I took Notice, behind the Garden
of the Monaftery o f St. James, o f the
Houfe o f Annas, where Chrift was bound
to an Olive Tree, the Branches whereof
are Hill in the Porch of the Church
Built there, and held in great Venera-
tion by the Armenians that Officiate
there. On the left Hand within the
fame Church, they Ihew the Door, now
made up, at which our Saviour went
out, after he had been Examin’d con-
cerning his Doctrin and Dilciples, and
ftruck over the Face.
W e went out again at the Porta Ster-
quilinia, or Dunghil Gate, fo call’d be-
caufe o f the Filth hard by it, through
which our Saviour was led bound to
Annas. An hundred Paces from it I
faw a G rot or Cave, now ruin’d, where
St.
i
A^ # ‘ e°K?*X ' mm ' ■

ill '§l
-- < V \ ■

- - ..................................... . ........................................................ ^ -

Chap. VIII. Of T U R K Y. f p
fN_A^o St. >»«• bitterly bewail’d his Offence in BlelTed Virgin was Born, with a goocS
Gemelh. denying his Mailer. Church, but not well adorn’d, as being
itf 93 - Entring the Cky again, we went down in the Power o f Mahometans', Without
towards the lower P art, and pafs’d the Gate, along a Street that goes down
B V ir g in throuSh a Garden under the Arches o f I was Ihewn the Place where St. Stephen
was pre- the Temple, where the Virgin Mary was was Ston’d, and the Ciftern cut out o f
rented. prefented by her Parents. It was once the folid hard Rock into which his Body
a Church call’d o f the Prefentation, with was call.
a Monaftery o f N un s; but is now a Going further, beyond Cedron I went A r -„ T
Mofch, where the Turks keep their young into the Church where the BlelTed Vir- of feveral
Daughters to be Educated under the gin was Bury’d. D efending 47 Steps, Nations. ‘
Tuition o f certain Matrons, till they 1 Taw on the Right the Altars, where
are Marriagable. _ The Strudure is Mag- St. Joachim, and St. Anne were Bury’d,
nificent, being Built of vet y large finooch and on the Left about half way the
Scones, the leaft of them being four Stairs, where St. JoJeph was Interr’d *
Spans fquare ; and by what could be dif- on the Floor o f the Church , near the
cern’d going under it with a Light, the W ell, Rands the Altar on which the
Church is large with feven Out-lets, Copti Priefts lay Mafs; on the Right is
compos d o f the fix Orders, each o f that o f the Jacobites ; on the Left that
which has three Pillars. o f the Gregorians; the high A ltar without
Going along the Bazar, or Market, them belongs to the Armenians: on the
we came to the Gate call’d Speciofa, Right that o f the Sirians, and behind
through which Chi lit entted when he that o f the Grecians. Within another
went to the Temple, and Difputed wich very little Chappel, to which there are
the Doctors. The BlelTed Virgin entred two final] Doors, is the A ltar where the
at the fame when Ihe came to prefent BlelTed Virgin was Bury’d, which is
the Child JeJus in the Hands ot Holy ferv’d by our Catholicks ; there I heard
Simeon, and there it was St. Peter heal’d Mafs, Celebrated by two Fathers o f St
the Paralitick. This leads to long and Saviours. Without the Church on the
lofty Arches that run to the Temple o f Right istheG rotte, or Cave, where our
Solomon, abfolutely forbid being feen by Saviour fweated Blood. It was enlarg’d
Chriftians. and made more lightfome, that it might
Monday the laft Day o f Augufi. I contain a greater Number o f Chriftians;
went to fee the Hofpital o f St. Helena and becaule (befides the inconvenicncy)
which is really a great Stru&ure. It was it Teem’d lefs Decent to go into it from
Built to Lodge the Pilgrims^ that vilited the Garden o f Getbfemani, through that
the Holy Places. For which purpole narrow Hole our Saviour went in at
there are feveral long Galleries, and the Door was made which ferves now’
there ftill remain (even great Cauldrons, the other being fliut up out o f Relpeft
in which they drefs’d Meat for the Poor. There ftill remain in this Garden o f
T h e Turks now do the fame, giving Gethfemani 8 Olive Trees, which as they
Alm s Tome Days evert to Chriftians. fay, are fprung from thofe that were
petbefdn Going on near the Gate o f Cedron, there when our Saviour Pray’d , the 9th
Pfcol. now call’d St. Stephen’s, I was Ihewn having been Burnt by the Turks. There
the Pifcina Probation, or Pool o f Bethefda, is alfo the Place where the BlelTed Vir-
where our Saviour Heal’d the Man that gin was, whilft St. Stephen was Ston’d ;
had lain 38 Years under his Diftemper. as alfo where Ihe left her Girdle to St.
It istoo Paces long, 60 irt breadth, and Thomas. In other refpe&s it is no fruit-
40 in depth, all made o f good Stone, ful Place, being for the molt part bare
In the upper Street is the Houfe o f the Rock ; but there are excellent Figs,
Pharifee, where St. Mary Magdalen whereof I eat as many as I could, the
pour’d forth her precious Ointment on Fathers inviting me ib to do, becaule
the Feet o f our Lord, walhing them the Place belongs to them, through the
with her T ears, and wiping them with Charity o f an EngUJh-Man, who bought
her H air; by which means fhe obtain’d it o f a Mahometan to give it to them.
Pardon o f her Sins. In Memory where- Returning to the City, I went along ...
o f there is adjoining to it a devout the dolorous Street (which begins at P i- Houfe'
Chappel o f the Invocation o f the fame lat’s Houfe, and ends at Mount Calvary)
S ain t; tho’ the Houfe is Inhabited by the Tame way our Saviour pafs’d with
Turks. Near the fame Gate o f St. Su- the Crofs on his Back. Firft we went
phen, adjoining to the W all o f the City, into Pilat’s Houfe (near which is a black
is the Houfe ot St. Anne, where the Arch’d Room , where our Lord was
Vol. IV. E Scourg’d

3$
iW , (S t

54 .// Voyage round the W O R L D. Book I.

r v ^ - o fcourg’d the fecond time) and went up B ric k , till where the Cupola begins,
Gemelli. other Stairs than tbofe Our Saviour was which is of Lead , which doles it bea«-
16 9 3. carry’d u p , which were long lines re- tifully. Adjoyning to the Tem ple on
O r Y \ J mov’d to Seda-Santa at Rome. In the the Ealt-fide, is an open G a lle ry , fup-
firft Floor is a lightfome Arch’d Room, ported by fmall Pillars, where they fay,
which was the P n to rim y or C o u rt, there is a Stone brought bom Mouut
where Pitat gave fentcnce o f Death a- Olivet, on which Our Saviour flood
gainft Our Saviour; here being a fort when he afeended into Heaven. I could
o f Divan, or place lifted up one itep : difeover nothing e lfe a t that diftaiice,
Under it is a dark Room, now made a fo r the Turks put to Death all Chrifti-
Stable, in which Our Lord was Crown’d ans that go into i t , or oblige them to
with Thorns. Going up to the top o f renounce their Faith,
the Houfe, 1 took a full view o f Solo- ©ppofite to Pilat's, is Herod's Houfe,
mod’s Temple. tho’ all late built, and little o f Antkjui- fiends
Salmon's This Temple was built by that K in g, ty to be feen in i t ; yet we went in at a Palace.'
Temple, with an incredible charge, in the fpace little d o o r, the firft being fhut, near
o f eight years, laying out on i t , not which is a fmall A rc h , where our lie -
only his own excellive W ealth, but al- deemer Rood, before he was carry’d in­
fo the rich Spoils his Father had taken to Herod's prefence ; and going up, we
from his Enemies. I will forbear fpeak- law the Court o f Ju ftice, like a little
ing o f irs G lory and Magnificence, be- H all, where he was examin’d by Herod,
caufe Holy W rit fpeaks o f it at la rg e , and not anfwering clad in a white Gar-
and (hall only by the by hint at the ma- ment, and fent back to Pilat.
ny Calamities it fell under at feveral In the Square is the Arch that fup-
times. Firft, Sefac, King o f Egypt, rob’d ported the Balcouey, or open G a lle ry , **
it o f all its Ornaments, being afterwards where Pilat fhew’d him to the People , chrift was
reftor’d by K in g jo fia v, in the r 8 r.h year H y in g , Behold the M an-, an,d there is ftww’d.
o f his Reign, it was again utterly fub- no doubt o f its being the fam e, becaufe
verted by the Impiety o f King Zedechi- the Stones worn by Tim e teftifxe xtsAn-
ah ; who went not unpunilh’d for his tiquity.
wickednefs, being taken Prifoner by Further on is the door, through which
N tbw hadm v~.tr, and his eyes put out, the Blefied V irgin palled to meet Our vvhere
after he had feen his wretched Sons cut Savio u r, not being able to come the chrift
in pieces. Being again rebuilt, Amio- Street-way becaufe o f the T hrong ; and fell.
chus the Son o f Seleuctu plunder’d , and feeing'him fall down under the weight
prophan’d it-, and being Hill reftor’d , o f the C ro fs, Ihe fainted ; for which
tho’ not to its firft fplendor, it was de- realon, the Church that now ftands in
flro y ’d by the Emperor 'Titus, and the that place is call’d o f the Swooning.
whole City fubverted in the year o f T here they fa y , Simon Cyrenew hei-fd
Chrift 7 1 . A t laft Adrian the Emperor, to carry the Crofs. A lew paces fur-
on its Ruins, ere&ed a Tem ple to Ju ft- ther, is the little Houfe o f Lazarus, and
ter, after he had fubdu’d the rebellious' further ftift that o f h iv e s , built on
Country o f Ju r y , not to mention other Arches , under which, there is a tho-
viciflitudes, this wonderful Stru&Ure rooghfare. In this the Governour .
has run through fince thofe tim es, fo lives, in Pilat s the S a fa , and in Herod's
that it is now quite another thing than one Mujtaph* a Turk. In the fame krs.'
what it was. Street o f forrow, is the little Houfe o f
W hat I could obferve from the afore- St. Veronica, w ho, as the ancient T ra -
faid place, is a large Square a Mile about, dition affirms, brought a Cloth to wipe
with t2 Gates. About it there are ma- Our Saviour’s F a ce, and the Pidlure o f
ny Chappcls, and Dwellings o f Priefts, it, remain’d Imprinted on it. N o t far
f, as allb the Cads's Palace, where our Pa- from it is the juftice G a te , through
triarch once liv’d, and feveral T rees in which Our Saviour went o u t, with the
the middle. Thence they go into the Crofs on his back, nowlhut u p ; where
fecond place which is round, and lefs there is a Marble P illar, On which the
than a quarter o f a Mile in compais, en- Sentence o f Death was affix’d according
clos’d with W alls, with feveral ftately toenftom . A ta little diftanceis a fmall
Gates and Marble Pillars. In the midft T o w er o f hard Stone, which deferves
o f this place h Solomon's Tem ple, in the not the name o f a Fort, call’d the T o w -
form o f an OCtogon , with four Gates er Antonian a , where Sahdine fortify’d '
Diametrically oppolitc to one another, himfelf, when he took the Holy C ity ;
built on the out-fide o f T i l e , or hard and hard by are the Ruins o f the Palace
of

5^0
111
~ Chap. VIII. Of T U R K Y.
•N JG O o f Godfrey o f Bulloign, K ing o f Jcrstfik-
Gemelli. lem.
i<*93 - That fame Monday in the Evening,
V 'W the Father Guardian perform’d the Ce-
remony o f walhing mine, and fix other
religious Pilgrims F eet, with fo much
Solemnity, that it lafted two hours. This
good religious M an, whofe name is F.
John Baptifi d'A tine , daily exercifes
himfelf in virtuous A & s o f Chriflian
H um ility, even to walhing the Dilhes
o f the Refectory. I am much oblig’d to
tas goodnefs, becaufe lie continually at-
tended me in fome Indifpofition I had,
and treated me affectionately with Sweet-
meats of the Country.
Going out on Tuefday the firfl o f Sep-
t ember, betimes in the Morning at Beth-
lehem Gate, and afcending to Mount Si-
on, the way the Apoftles carry’d the
Bleflcd Virgin to her Tom b, as has been
Valiev of faid b efore> 1 was fhevvn °P P ofite t0 ic>
ill Coun- the V alley ca'l’d of Ill-Counfel, becaufe
fel. there Calphas and his Counfellers refolv’d
Our Saviour fhould die ^ which has alfo
given the name to the little Village, in-
habited by A ra b s, on the top o f the
Mountain, which over-looks the Valley,
Going over a-foot to the further end o f
the faid Valley, we found feveral Tombs
o f Jew s, and at the foot o f the Mountain,
the Holy Field , bought with the 30
Pieces o f Money Chrift was fold for, to
bury Pilgrims. This Sepulcher is 30
foot fquare, cut out o f the Rock. In the
upper part o f it, there are fome vent-
holes, through which the Armenians let
down their dead Bodies. Below that
is the Cave, where eight o f the Apoftles
hid themfelves, when Chrift was Cru-
cified•, and below that again, is a deep
W e ll, where Nthemiah the High Prieft
hid the Holy Fire, when the Jews were
carry’d Captives to Babylon. A little
higher is the place, where the Prophet
lfaiah was faw’d in the middle3 and a
white Mulbery T ree inftead o f the Ce-
dar, that open’d and hid him in its Trunk,
Clofe by the faid Mulbery T r e e , is the
Pool o f Siloe, where Our Lord gave fight
to the blind Man. It is all Artificial,
40 Spans lo n g , 1 6 in breadth, and 20
in depth, with W ater in i t , which is
not very good, and runs out to the
Fountain, where they fa y , Our Bleffed
Lady wafh’d the Linnen o f her Infant
Jefus-, there are above 20 Heps down
to the W ater.
Valley of Proceeding along the Valley o f Jofa-
jofepbtt. phat, they fhew’d me on the rig h t, the
Country Houfe o f Siloe, where Solomon
kept his Concubines,and on the top o f the
Vol. IV.
2>1
<SL
H ill, the Palace o f the Daughter o f Pha-
raoh King o f Egypt; which for that rea-
fon, is now call'd the Mountain o f Scan-.
dal. A t the end o f the lame Valley, and
at the foot o f another Mountain, which
is the very fame on which judas hang’d
himfelf on one o f Pharaoh's Fig-Trees,
ate the Sepulchers o f the Jew s, who oh
that fcore, pay the Turks a Zccchme a
d a y , whether they bury or not. Fur-
ther on, is the Sepulcher o f Zachariah,
the Son of Barachias, who was flain be­
tween the Temple and the A lta r , all
o f one piece, cut out o f the R ock: d o le
by which is the Cave in which St. Jam es
hid him felf, when Our Saviour was
Crucify’d , fwearing, He would not eat,
till he faiv him rifen from the Dead * for
which reafon, Our Saviour appear’d to
him the third day, bringing him fome-
thing to eat. A few paces further , is
tlle Sepulcher of Abfalom, all o f a piece
as far as the firft Cornilh, like St. jam e1s
Cave, and it being empty, 1 wenc in as
far as the Cupola. Behind this was made
fuch another Sepulcher, cutout o f the
hard Rock to bury King Jofaphat. In
the midft o f the Brook Ccdron, which at
prefent is quite d r y , on a Stone is to
be feen the print o f Our Saviour’s Foot
when he fell there, as he was led bound,
Going up again, I went to fee the two
Arches o f the Golden G ate, through
which Our Saviour entred in Triumph
on Palm Sunday, but it is now fhut, as
was faid before. After Evenfong, the
Holy Sepulcher being open’d, I went in
to vifit all the Holy Places belonging
to it.
Having hear’d Mafs betimes on Sun- Betbinia*
day Morning, being the 2d. o f Septem-
her, I mounted one o f the Father Pro-
curator General’s H orfes, and fet out
for Bethania, attended by the Interpre­
ter and Fathers. Having T ravell’d a
Mile and half on the Mountain, I was
Ihewn the place where Chrift c o m - ^ ,
ing from the River Jordan, curs’d the
F ig -T ree, o f which no memory remains.
Beyond that on the right hand is a great
W a ll, which they fay, is an outlet o f
the Houfe o f Simon the Leper , who
invited Our Saviour. Below that, and
above the City Bethania, is the G rille
o f Lazarus, whereof a W all is Hill
Handing 14 Spans thick, and as firm as
a Rock. Under i t , entring at a nar-
row D o o r, there is a defeent o f 28
Heps to his Sepulcher, cut like the reft
out o f the hard Rock. Firft , there is
a little room , out o f which is a paflage
through a narrow ho le, that was Ihut
E 2 up
' ;j
(< * >
^6 A Voyage round the W O R L D,
O ^ A /j up with a Stone to another, where there
Gcmelli. is only a fmall A lta r , to fay Mafs up-
16 9 3 . on the very Tom b, whence he was call-
ly V V . ed by Our Saviour. Above that, is feen
the Foundation of St. M ary M agdalen*
Houfe, and o f Martha’s, with a Ciftern
cut in the Stdhe, whofe W ater I found
was not good to drink.
N ot far off, they lhew a fharp Stone,
on which they fa y , Our Saviour fate,
whilll he was talking to Martha about
the Death o f Lazarus* and going on the
way o f Mount Olivet on the righ t, in
the place call’d Bettafen, they lhew a
Hillock, where Chrift mounted upon
the A fs, to enter Jerufalcm upon Palm
Sunday.
Mount Above that, is Mount Olivet, whence
olivet. Chrift attended into H eaven, leaving
two prints o f his Feet behind, one o f
which was carry’d into Solomons Tern-
, p ie , and the other remains there upon
** a hard pebble Stone. T his place is fhut
up within a round Chappel, the K ey
whereof is kept by a Mahometan San-
tone. N ext, in a great Court, enclos’d
with a W a ll, I faw the Stone on which
the Apoftles fate, call’d P m G a lilei,
or Men o f Galilee. Defcending from
the Mount on the left hand, a Pillar lies
oti the Ground, near which, the Angel
appear’d to the Bleffed Virgin, who was
viliting the places of the Paflion, giving
her a Branch o f Palm T re e , as a Prefage
o f her Deatli * and on the fame fide is
the C a v e , where St. Pelagia did Pen-
nance and dy’d.
©ppofice to i t , is the place, where
they fa y , Chrift compos’d the Lord’s
P rayer* at a fmall diftance on the right,
where he wept on the C ity o f Jerufalem
(now there is a Houfe ) and not far
from it he Preach’d , to the Apoftles
upon the D ay o f Judgment. Low er
ftill are the Sepulchers o f the Prophets,
that open’d at Our Saviour’s Death *
and twelve Caves cut in the Rock,where
the Report i s , that the Apoftles com-
pos’d the Creed.
T here being no going to the R iv e r
< Jordan at any time but E a ger, when there
are many Pilgrim s, and a good Guard
o f Soldiers for fear o f the Arabs * I was
fatisfy’d with beholding it from thetop o f
Mount Olivet, as alfo the dead Sea, where
the five Cities o f Sodom, Gomona, & c.
were deftroy’d * and which they told
me was <So Miles long,and i<S in breadth,
and its W ater very ftinking. T hey al-
fofhew’d me at a diftance another Moun-
tain , call’d o f the Quarentine, where
Chrift fafted 40 days.
3B
<SL
Book I.
A fter Tejpcrs going out at the Gate Sepul-
o f Damafcus, a D ervis came to open us Shwsof
their Mofch, where there is a vaft Cave
cut in the folid Rock, 15 0 Paces about,
and 30 in height. In the midft o f it, is
a large plain place, where they fay, the
Prophet Jeremiah walk’d, when he com-
pos’d his Lamentations •, and up high on
the rignt hand coming in , the Stone
on which he lay. H alf a Mile further*
are the Tombs o f three Kings cut out
o f the Rock. T he firft entrance is
through a narrow hole, crawling on all
fours, into a handfome Room 15 Foot
fquare, in which there are little Doors,
T h e firlt on the le ft , leads to a Room
little lefs than the other, about which,
there are fix other fmall D o o rs, being
the Paffage to as many Tom bs. T h e
fecond Door is the way to fuch another
Room ,containing (evenSepulchers* but
there are two or three Tombs in every
one, and particularly one o f Marble
uncover’d, where they faid, a K in g had
been bury’d. T h e third alfo, is a tho~
roughfare to a Room , that has nine lit-
tie Doors toother Sepulchers, with two
or three burying places on a fide. E a-
tring at one o f thefe Doors artificially
made o f Marble, and which only is now
ftanding, o f many more there w e re ,
we faw another King’s Tom b o p en ,
which had for its device a Bow , and a
Bottle carv’d at the head o f it. T h e
fourth D oor in the firft Room gives
paffage, tho’ difficult to the third R oyal
Sepulcher, whofe Marble Tom b is bro-
ken. T hefe Sepulchers are certainly
the moft rare and wonderful W ork to
be feen at Jcrufalem ; and the more be-
eaufe all the Neceflaries for fhutting and
opening are made o f the fame Stone,
Going thence towards the W all o f
the City, is Jeremiah’s Dungeon, which
is a double Arch’d Pool, in which they
fay, that Prophet ftood up to the Neck
in W ater, k 11 thefe places are feen at
the expence ot a few M ed in a , or S ix-
peaces, becaufe the miferable condition
o f thofe Arabs makes them be fatisfy’d
with a little.
Thurfday 3d. the Father Procurator
lent me his Horfe to go to Bethlehem, '
ordering two Interpreters and three
Fathers to bear me company. W e could
not get out o f the City betimes, becaufe
the Turks kept the Gates fhut, by rea-
fon o f the Prayers, the Grand Seignior
had order’d to be faid every Thurfday,
for the good fuccefs o f the W ar* the
which being ended, and the Gates o-
pen d, we went on, feeing near the Ci­
ty

'Chap. Vllh
__ ________ __ ____ i ■ ---------------- ------- ---
ty Bathjhebd’s Bach, enclos’d with high
Gerhelli. VValls, io o Paces in length, 40 in
1693. breadth, and 30 in depth-, fo feated,
that it might be overlook’d from King
D avid's Palace, which flood on the fide
o f the Hill, as has been faid before.
T w o Miles from Jerufalem , on the
le ft, is a F ig -T re e , in the very place
where the Oak was planted, under
which the Virgin M ary relied with the
Infant Jefu s, when Ihe came to prefent
him in the Temple. Oppofite to i t ,
but a Mile from the R oad , on the top
o f the H ill, is a T o w e r , where they
fa y , St. Simeon dy’d. Further o n , in
the midlt o f the way, isa C ille rn , near
which, the three W ife Men law the
Star again, and on the right o f the Road,
a few Paces from it , there appear two
W alls Handing, which, as they fa y ,
belong to the Houfe where the Prophet
Habakknk was, when the Angel carry’d
him to Babylon, to give Food to Daniel
in the Lion’s Den. A t a fmall dillance
is the place where Eliot the Prophet
relied, when he fled the Perfecution o f
Jezjthel\ a plain Proof whereof, is the
print o f his Limbs left in the hard Rock
on the right hand of the Road. T h e
Greeks in memory hereof, have built a
Monaltery clofe by on the le ft, under
the fame T i t l e , where they celebrate
the Divine Office.
Further Hill on the right , there is
flill Handing part o f the W all o f the
T ow er where Jacob r e lie d , when he
came out o f Mefopotamia•, and the re-
mains o f the Sepulcher o f his W ife Ra-
chel, who dy’d there, are half a Mile
further.
Before w e came into Bethlehem, we
took notice o f the C ille rn , o f whofe
W ater, D avid having a defire to drink,
yet afterwards refus’d i t , becaufe his
Commanders pafs’d through the midlt
o f the Enemies Arm y that lay about it,
with great danger of their lives to fetch
it for him. A t la£l, after 6 Miles rid-
ing, we came to Bethlehem, and relied
our felves in the Monaltery o f the Ca-
punns.
frthhhem Bethlehem, the moll glorious City in
“ the W o rld , for the B irth , not o f Ben-
jamin, but o f the Saviour o f the W orld,
is feated in 3 1 deg. of Latitude ■, thinly
Inhabited, and by very few Catholicks.
Being feated on a pleafant H ill, it en-
joys an excellent A i r , fo that Sc. Paula
the Roman had much reafon to choofe
it for her place of abode, and dy’d there
in the year 404. The chief Church o f
this City, rellor’d not long fincc by the
|jd . _ 3ft
i
<SL
------------------«—■— 11
* " “ - -n. . i- •—*
O
p
T
uRK Y.
-
~
Greek religious Men to the Catholicks,
is one o f the belt in the Eaft, for it has
five IOes, made by four Rows of good
Marble Pillars, ten in a row, in all 4 0 ;
befides which., there are ten in the
C h o ir, which is enclos’d quite round
with a W all. The Pavement is hand-!
lbme, and the R oof o f a proportionable
height. The Monaflery has a good
Garden , and convenient Lodgings, in
which 12 Religious Men live. T hey
have another fmall Church , Dedicated
to St. Catherine., pav’d with good M ar-
ble o f the Country, which they made
ufe of, before they recover’d the great
Church. The Greek Fathers have alfo
their Church and Monaflery adjoyning
to the great one, feparate from that or
the Arm enians, which is near to the
great Gate, with a way into our Church,
that they may have the conveniency o f
worihipping the Holy Manger, and the
place where Our Saviour was born,
There is a Defcent to this happy, and
moll venerable place, out o f the Choir
o f the great Church, down two oppo-
lite Stair Cafes o f 16 Heps each,
The very place o f the N ativity, at place of
the end o f the C ave, is cover’d with Our Savr
a great Marble Stone, in reverence to ® “r *
it, on which a Star is cut * and they ufe B
to fay Mafs, as on an Altar. The Man-
gcr is adorn’d the bed it could be, with
three Pillars, one in the middle, and
the others at the ends. In the A n gle,
a Hep lo w er, arc two other fmall Pil-
lars o f an ecjual bignels, between which,
is a thing like a Manger, o f M arble,
with a little fpace in i t , big enough to
hold an Infant i and oppofite to it is the
Stone, on which the Blefled Virgin fate,
with her Son in her A rm s, when the
wife Men came to adore him. This lie-
tie Cave is all become black, and une-
qually cut out in the Rock. On the
W efl-fide it has been a little enlarg’d,
that it might contain the Faithful the
Floor is Pav’d with a M arble, and all
the place breaths Sanflity and D cvo-
tion. . . .
From the little Church of St. Cathe- Buria[ ^
vine, there is a dark Defcent o f 24. Heps innocents,
cut in the Rock, to a Cave, where ma~
ny o f the Holy. Innocents were bury’d,
that were {lain by Herod -, and an Altar
erefied in honour o f them. On the left
is St. Jofeph's Chappel, whither they fay,
he fetir?d at the Birth of Our Savio>ur:
and then going up ten Heps, there is un­
other Door at the foot of the Cave ot ,
the Nativity. Turning back at the end
o f thefe Stairs on the fight, a little door
leads
;;
• y —<
A ■ e°^x
V\
m
N>sv^^?
^§ A Voyage round the W O R L D.
r \ ^ leads to a path cut in the R ock; on the
Gemclli. right hand w hereof, is the Tom b o f
1693- St. Eufcbim the A b b o t; and then again,
t^ \T d entring into a little Cave on the rig h t,
is the Tom b o f St. Jerome ; and on the
left that o f St. Paula, and of Euftachia
hcr Daughter. Beyond that, in another
larger Room is St. Jerome s O ratory,
where he Tranflated the Holy Bible,
On the left o f the Church, there are cer-
tain (lately Oracles, fupported by five
Pillars, where they lay, the fame Saint
taught: at prefent it ferves the A rm e-
mans for a Stable.
A fter D inner, I went about to fee
the other memorable places without
Bethlehem. In the firfi: place, about a
Mile and a half out o f the C ity , I faw
in a Plain, the Village and Cave o f the
Shepherds, to which there is a Defcent
o f 1 5 fteps under Ground. W ithin it
is an Altar, to fay Mafs , and by it an
Arch, under which, there was form erly
a Church, fince decay’d with Age. In
this fame Village, now almoft diiinhabi-
ted, is the Ciftern they call our L ad ies;
becaufe Ihe palfing that way, and being
refus’d D rin k, the W ater o f it fe lf mi-
raculoufly fwell’d up to the b rim , and
when Ihe had drank, return’d to its
place, as is deliver’d by Tradition. T hree
Miles thence appears a round Hill,which
they call o f the French ; becaufe that de-
vout and valorous N atio n , maintain’d
it fe lf there 40 Years after the taking
o f Bethaha, which was at the foot o f
the Hill. There are Trill remains o f
Structures on the top.
_ W ithin Bethlehem, a Piflol (hot from
dir^ravp the M onaftery, is the Cave call’d Our
’ Ladies, becaufe the Blefied Virgin re-
tir’d thither as Ihe was flying to Egyft.
Entring through a narrow hole, there
is a defeent of ten fteps, at the bottom
w hereof is the little C avern, with an
A ltar in it. True it i s , the Devotion
o f the Faithful has been always making
it bigger than it w as, to carry away
fome o f that white Stone, which is very
good for People in Fevers, and for
W omen that have lo ll their M ilk , and
therefore it is now call’d the Cave o f
the Milk. N ot far from thence, are the
remains o f the H o fp ital, built by St.
Paula. The Ruins o f the Monaftery
built by her , are h alf a Mile from the
Shepherd’s Cave. St. Jofep’s Houfe was
a Musket (hot from Our Ladies C a v e ;
but at prefent there remains no other
memory o f it, but only fome fmall part
o f the Foundation.
T w o Miles from Bethlehem , on the
• Cf
Uo
Book 1.
way to Tecue, where the Prophet Ha-
^
Solomons Country Houle, and a plenti c<juntr?
ful Fountain o f W a te r, which perhaps Houfe,
was that King s delight; as alfo fome-
what lower, his enclos d Garden (tru-
ly enclos’d by Nature) where form erly
there was Fruit o f all forts, but at prc-
fent it is a meere Field. Afcending
from the Garden to the H oule, about
two Miles from it, there are three great
Filh-ponds, fo o rd erd , that the fpare
W ater o f the upper, falls into the low -
er. T h e firft is 200 paces in length,
and 90 m breadth; the lecond 220, and
90, the third o f the fame breadth, 160
in len g th ; and all three 18 paces in
depth. In Solomon s tim e, they were
fill’d with W a te r, from the Fans fgn a-
ms-, but the Conduit being now ruind,
they receive none but Rain W ater,
Since we have mention’d the Fansfig- Fomfigna-
natus, it will be convenient to inform ms.
the R ead er, that it is in the Road to
Hebron, above the Filh-ponds, and 14
fpans lower than the Road ; and that
the W ater has three feveral fouices,
which being all joyn d , are convey d by
an Aquedudt to the Holy C ity, into So-
lomon’s T em p le, and the Cadi’s Palace,
T h is may be fuppos’d to have been fome
place o f Recreation o f K in g s,
there being feveral curious Pillars, and
pieces o f Mofaick W o rk about the Hill,
perhaps the Remains o f iome dclight-
ful Manfion Houfe. .
A Mile from the aforefaid Fountain, S-Georges
is a Church, Dedicated to St. George, ain*
with a Monaftery, inhabited by tour C a-
layers, or Greek Priefts, very p o o r, yet
refpeded by the Turks for the Saints
fak e, becaufe they have the Chain he
was bound with, which being lay’d up-
on the neck o f Turk, A rab, or other Per-
fon o f any Religion whatfoever, mfalli-
bly cures madnefs. Having feeh all
this, we return’ d very late at N ight to
the Monaftery in Bethlehem.
Tuefday 14th. having heard M ats,
and receiv’d the BlelTed Sacrament at
the A ltar o f the Holy Nativity , 1 fet
out with the aforefaid Company. A
Mile from Bethlehem, I faw a Plain in
the Valley, call’d ScnachenV*1 Field,where
the Angel in one Night flew 185000 ,
M en , that went to befiege Jerufalem :
But tho’ the ftory be certain, as deli-
ver’d in Holy W r i t ; yet there is much
reafon to doubt o f the place, becaufe
o f its fmall extent for fo great a number
o f Men to encamp.
Further
 • GO i*N .
ill
Chap. VIII. <y T LI R K yT
> ’ . f « * tte ' g ? i ? b u X o 'f 0 ? a " l ;
whjch was carry d between two. Go-
mg on along the fame Valley, we came
to a Fountain of excellent W ater, where
they cold me, SC. Baptized Queen
S T f n ? Eunu.ch\ and t 9,wards the top
■ » h « cta” S 5 w a S bo™ U“ ry H° " fC
T w o Miles beyond the Mountain is
the Defert, where Sc. John BaptiR liv ’d
2 1 Years flying the Cruelty of H e ro d ,
There is to be feen a Haw Tree , on
which they % , the Saint fed, and a
Spring o f good Water. Going down
r S r ! 7 ^ int° th,e h0l! ° vv o f
the Rock, is the C av e, wheie he led
a very Penitential Life, lying on a hard
R o ck , theie is now an Altar to fay
Keeping on the way cowards
z rf„./ s fp e H m r JV h7 il MJ f n' ° ' i 01 m ’ 18
Hoke. the " ol” e. o f Zachary (form erly a Nun-
toe vyi L ? w v r hhl Vllgm WC? i
; t S' E^ abeth^ ni thZ C COf? ? ° s d
the M agm fim . 1 he Building is half
bury d m the Ground, fo that there is
ra refoef Cv°fM r ftepS‘d ,T h ®rC IS 311 A 1"
tar to fay Mafs, and by it, two great
Arches, which were the Celier and R e-
feftory o f the: Nuns? in the biggeft o f
them, is a CiRern of extreme cold W a-
ter, but not very good to drink
S. JoM% Thence we went to the MonaRery,
where the Fathers receiv’d us very cour-
teoufly T he Church is final), and has
a Cupola fupported by four Pillars. On
the right, there is a defeent o f 10 Reps
to the place where S. John was born,made
in the fame manner like Our Saviour's,
On the top o f a H ill, oppolite to the
D efert, IS a Country Houfe, call'd M o-
din, o r Suva, in the Language o f the
Country, in which the Machabees were
born, and afterwards bury’d near S. John
BaptiR s H oufe, where there are R ill
feven Arches o f their Tom bs Randing.
S. Samuel was interr’d on the fame Moun-
tain, and there is now a Church on the
Place-
Holy Four Miles from S. John BaptiR , in
Crofs. the fame V alley, is the MonaRery o f
the Holy Crofs, with 13 Greek Fathers,
in the place where they fay, the Wood
„ o f the Crofs was cut. T he Sttnfture
is good, and the Church , tho’ fmall,
handfome, adorn’ d with Painting , and
the Pavement of Mofaick Work. On
the high A ltar is a hole, where the T ree
Rood, that was cut down to make the
Holy Crofs.
r
<SL
>pi
~~~
S c S l " ^ 'li t t S 'f p p c a r f ’r f
the Strufture, befides a Filb-pond eo
paces in length, 30 in b r e a d / and ?2
in depth Here are rhe c ™ i’ 1 *
X , if f w been'
the Habitation o f Giants.
f^ ' r : s M c “ 80 lhitl.ee for fead
to L ^ r m w o f t ^ M a ^ 5 3 d5 ? n^
fell iflt0 the company i f the two d “
pies, Luke and C leopL , The Vfllage o f
B e l t e r , where Abfolom m u rd e r? h h
B r o t h e r ^ ™ , for f o r e g d s Siller
Tham ar: The Honfc of CkopfjM where
C ln ili himfclf known in the break-
ing o f Bread • The Field rail ’H r 1
where ^ o v e r t h r e w five Kings ma!
king the Sun to Rand Rill, that h e i g h t
chcrs o f the 7 <an .• The Sepulcher o f
Queen Helen, and that o f the Queen o f
5W '* The Gdls ° f S- John Chrifojlome
S. John Damafcen, and S. 5 , / T he
Grave where 40 Martyrs were found
The Oratory of the Abbot A r Z i u s :
The Fountain and Oratory o f S. Sahas-.
And laftly the Cave o f Engeddt, where
D avid cut off the hem o f Sauls Gar-
ment, when he perfecuted him.
Saturday 5th. I pay'd 16 Piafires to , ,
have the Holy Sepulcher o p e n / which
charge, no ChriRian chit enters the P h
Gates o f Jerufalem can avoid, the Turks
to that effeft faking notice o f their com-
ing in. After Dinner, I was very cha-
ritabiy receiv'd by the Guardian and
12 Friars that live there; they making
the ufual Proceflion, together with the
Priefts o f the upper MonaRery that I
might vifit all the Holy places; which
Ceremony is alfo practic’d at Bethlehem,
when Pilgrims arriye there. That night
I was fliut up in this facred place, be-
caufe the T u rk s lock it up and carry a-
way the Keys.
Sunday 6th. I hear’d Mafs, and re­
ceiv’d the BlelTed Sacrament in the Holy
Sepulcher. Jn the Court before the
Gate o f the Church, there are fix Chap-
pels, or little Churches, call’d S. M ary
o f Golgotha, S. George, S. John BaptiR,
S. Mary Magdalen, S. M ichael, and S.
Angel\ kept for the moR part by Greeks,
Armenians, and Coptis, who all have their
Churches and Dwellings in the fame
place. T he Greeks are about 1 2 , the
Armenians 4 1 , and only one Coptl. T he
Sinans and Abijfmians have no place
there. The
 ■ Gcw \

© <SL
'M s — s V ,

4.8 A Voyage round the W U R L D. Book i.

r\A > 0 T h e Church o f the Holy Sepulcher other fide is a C happel, kept by the
Gtmelli. has nothing beautiful, but infpires, Pi- Greeks , in w hich, near the flairs o f
«d93 - cty and Devotion. It is very ancient Mount Calvary, is the Pillar o f Reproach,
and dark, having no light but what comes made o f M arble, o f feveral colours, 3
from the top o f the Cupola, clos’d by a fpans high, and 6 about.
N e t o f fil’d Iron, through which, o f ue- Eleven Heps cut. in the R o c k , lead
cefiity it Rains down in W inter upon into the place , where St. H elens Crofs
the Chappel o f the Holy Sepulcher, was found: T h is is a lofty dark Chap-
there being no light to be let in any o- pel, belonging to the Catholicks.
th erw ay . It is all roundup to the top, A little fu rth er, behind the Greek Mount
with 14 Marble Pillars, and 6 very an- Church,' there is an afcent o f 18 fteps c *IvarJ '
tient Pilafters,which fupport the Arches up to Mount Calvary, with four Arches,
about the Church, over the which, there In the firft on the rig h t, 3 fpans above
arc feveral R oom s, 1 1 o f the FrancLf- the Pavem ent, is a hole in the Stone,
cans, and 6 o f the Greeks, but dark, and in which the Holy Crofs was fix’d, with
without Ornament. a round piece o f Marble, on the floor,
Thefe laft have a beautiful Church, covering the fpot, on which the Bldled
on the right hand o f the Gate , with Virgin flood, whilft the Crofs was rai-
good Paintings, and a C upola, as alfb fing ; and near by it, a great and very
an excellent C h o ir, and Altar y near deep opening; and this belongs to the
which, is a MajelUck Chair for their Greek Fathers. On the left, is the place
Patriarch. T h e Francifcans officiate in where Our Saviour was nail’d to the
theirs adjoyning to the Sepulcher, which C r o fs , with two A lta rs, a great, and
tho fm all, is decently adorn’d. There a little one. Under the 4th. Arch,there
are in it two round pieces o f M arble, are five Stones, which denote the place
near w hich , Our Saviour appear’d to where Chrift was ftripp’d, belonging to
the Blefled Virgin after his Refurredti- the Catholicks, as does Our Ladies Chap-
on. Through an Iron Grate is feen the p e l, d o le by i t , to which there is a
P illa r, at which Chrift was fcourg’d , D oor from without. T here it was, the
which is o f M arble, o f feveral colours, Blelfed Virgin and St. John flood, when
and three fpans high j near which is, a Chrift looking on them from the C ro fs,
Stone, that was found in the Sepulcher, faid , Woman, behold thy Son-, and to St.
In the fame great Church, defend ing John, Behold thy Mother. On the lame
four fteps, is the place where Our Savi- Mountain is the Dwelling o f the Greeks*
our appear’d to St. M ary Magdalen like D efen d in g from Mount C a lva ry, we
a G ardiner, but cover’d with a round went into a Chappel, kept by the Greeks,
M arble out o f refpedt Still proceeding call’d .Adam’s Chappel, becaufe there
along the firft Arch’d W ay on the fide they f a y , our firft Parent’s Head was
o f the Church, which on that fide has found. On the right o f the door , is
tw o Ifles : there is a defeent o f three Baldwins Sepulcher, and on the left, that
fteps into the Prifon, where Our Lord o f Godfrey o f Bulloignc, Brothers. T h ere
was kept, whilft the Crofs was prepar- is another, they lay, is M elchifedecks;
" in g ; it is a dark Arch’d Chappel, fup- but I know nor. what ground they have
ported by fmall Pillars, which divide it for it. .
mto three Ifles. Turning back towards Oppofite to the great G a t e , is the
the left , there are two holes, where Stone o f the Holy Anointing, on which
they fay, Chrift fell: And going on to Our Redeemer was Anointed. It is o f
the fecond A rch’d W a y , behind the white M arble, eight fpans lo n g , and
Greek Church, is the Chappel o f L o w - four broad, enclos’d within Iron Bani-
nm, arch’d like the reft, meanly adorn’d, fters. Below i t , is a place kept by
and poflefs’d by the G reek), as is thac Armenians, mark’d on the Pavement by *
o f the Prifon. Clofe to it is another a round Stone, where Chrift’s Friends
C happ el, with the place where the Rood to ohferve where he was bury’d.
Soldiers divided Our Saviour’s G ar- A ll thefe places are lighted by feveral
ipents, kept by the Armenians. On the L am p s, and I vifited them in this o r-
faine fide, there is a ddeent o f 30 fteps der, in Procdfion with the Fathers,
to the Chappel o f St. H elen, which is T h e Chappel o f the Holy Sepulcher,
bigger than the reft, with a good Cu- is about 24 fpans in com pafs, in the
pola, fupported by four Pillars, which midft o f the Church, with a little Ctt-
on the tides leave two fmall Hies; where pola , fupported by ta fmall colums.
on the le ft, is the Chappel of the good Entring into i t , at a little-d oor, there
T h ie f, kept by the A rm e n ia n sOn the appears by the light o f j 7 fmall Lamps,
lhat
1? ^ ~ V * \ / I

t(S )|

Chap. IX. 0 / T U R K Y.__________ 4»

<voo that burn day and night, the Stone the cond o f Ju n e ; o f which Furniture, for
Cemelli. Angel remov’d from the mouth o f the its excellent W orkmanlhip, they make
16 9 3. Sepulcher, half bury’d in the Ground. A ufe upon the greatelt Feftivals.
Wvna r r o w hole gives a paflage into the Se- T he Greeks alfo open’d to me their < 3 ^
pulcher, which is 8 fpans fquare, where SanVtum Santtorum, where I worlhipp’d sandum
is the Tom b, o f the fame length, which fome precious R elicks; as an arm or S. Sandotum
being cover’d witha Marble Stone,ferves M ary M agdalen; a great piece^ o f the
for an Altar to fay Mafs on. T ho there Holy Crols, and S. John Baptift’s Scull,
be three holes on the top to let out the Befides this, I faw feveral Boxes, Cen-
Smoak, yet the place is exceflive h o t, fors, and other Velfels all o f Silver, fucli
by reafon o f 47 Lamps burning there as they ufe in their Ceremonies, and a
continually. Both this, and the Orato- Wooden Crofs o f wonderful Workman-
ry that contains i t , are all hung within Ihip, carv’d by a Greek, with fiich.finall
and without with Silk. T he Coptis have Figures, that it requires a Alicrolcope
their Chappel adjoyning to the back part to dilcern them ; as alfo fome excellent
~~ ■ o f i t ; oppolite to which (firlt parting Pi&urcs, drawn by Candiots and Mufco-
through the Chappel o f the Sirians, and vites.
then through a W ay cut in Rock) are Over this Holy Place, a Mahometan
to be feen the Tombs o f Ntcodemtu, and Santone has his D w elling; not fo much
Jofeph o f Arimathea, cut out at length to guard it, as to receive the Mony paid
in the Stone; befides that, which the for opening o f it: and therefore on Mon*
latter caus’d to be made for himfelf, in day 7th. after having perform’d my D e­
imitation of Our Saviours. votions in the Holy Sepulcher, I made
. Then I went up the flairs near the place him open me the door to go out. I went
iS ? o f Chrift’s Friends, to the Chappel o f diredlly to S. Saviours, where I was
the Armenians, and faw them fay Mafs. fhew’d the curious and artificial Lamp#
T he Prielt had on a Cope, with a Coller, fent by the Commiflary of Naples, worth
like that o f the Habit o f the Tlseatins,ana 14000 Crowns ; and the Copy o f the
a long Cap on his Head. He came out Holy Sudarium, or Pi&ure o f Our Sa-
into the Chappel, with a fmall Chalice, viour, Imprinted on the Cloth where-
cover’d with a V a il; feveral Silver Horfe with the Holy Woman Veronica wip’d
Bells the People there prefent had in his Face, fent by the Duke of Savoy.
their Hands gingling, becaufe they are It is fit the Reader be inform’d, that
not allow'd there to ring others B ells; thefc Holy places were many years fince
but inftead o f them , they make ufe o f feiz’d upon by the Greeks; but after a
a piece o f W ood 12 fpans lo n g, which long T ria l before the Divan at Confian-
upon occafion, they beat with a W oo- tinopie, they were reftor’d to the Capu-
j {jea Mallet. cins; the Marquis de Chateauneuf, his
T he Plate that has been given by fo Molt Chridian Majefties EmbalTador to
many Kings and Princes to the Holy Se- the Port, particularly fupporting them
pulcherf is kept bury’d, for fear o f the for 12 years together , with the affift-
T u rh , nor do they Ihew it to any Pil- ance o f B. Dominick o f Rui^aval a Bifcai-
g rim ; but the F. Guardian did me n er, a Perfbn o f admirable C apacity,
this fpecial Favour, by ordering it to be tho’ a lay Brother. 1n memory o f which
taken b p , which the Sacriftan was un- Benefit, thofe Fathers have put down
willing to do. T his rich Church ftuf£ the Marquefs in their Table o f Malles
confided o f a Lamp o f about 300 Pound for Benefactors, immediately next to
W eight, fent thither, by Philip the III. the Crown’d Heads. Thus feven Maf-
King o f Spain; a C rofs, Chalice, and fes being fung every Week in the Holy
molt coftly Vedm ents, the G ift o f the Sepulcher; the fird is appointed for the
mod Chridian Lewis XIV. King o f France-, Pope, the fecond for the Emperor, the
other Vedments adorn’d with G o ld , third for the King o f Spain, the fourth
Pearls, and precious Stones, fent by for the King o f France^ the fifth for the
King Philip the II. and other Chridian K ing o f Poland, the lixth for the R e-
Princes; a Chalice by Queen Catherine publick o f Venice, and the feventh for
o t England, and fix Candledicks, four the Marquefs de Chateauneuf.
Flower-Pots, and a Silver Crofs, given T o return to the bufinefs in hand;
by the City o f M efm a , in memory o f this Country is mod holy and worthy
the L ette r, which thofe People very- o f all Veneration, as having been fprink-
ly believe was W rit to them by the Blef- led with the mod precious Blood o f Our
fed V irgin : The Fedival whereof they Saviour ; but on the other fide it is to
celebrate with great pom p, on the fe* be fled from , becaufe o f the Turks and
Vol. IV. F Arabs,

fe *

*"••'H v ■ .1 ■■/.S ,V"- to-’;

| M V
 — ' nV n

|(SJ
Ns\^W?

42 ^4 Voyage round the ■'W O R. L D. Book L

j ......... m
i■■.■■»■ - ■ " ■ 1 1 1‘ """*""
C O V -O A ra bs, who forbear no Robbery or
Gemelli. Infolency they can commit*, and there-
16 9 3. fore the difcrcct P ilgrim , as foon as he
has performed his Devotions, mull make
haft and be gone, to be out o f the pow -
er o f thofe Barbarians, who are utter
Enemies o f the Chriftian Name. N or
is it allow ’d on any account, for a Chri-
flian to ftand upon his D efence, but
he mull fufFer himfelf to be beaten j for
i f a Chriftian happen to kill a Mahomt-
tan, his Blood alone, which is certainly
fpilt, and his Goods feiz’d, is not a fuf-
ficient Attonement, but all his Abettors,
and his whole Nation mull: pay feveral
thoufand Crowns.
_ Taefday 8th. being the day o f the Na-
tivity o f the BlefTed V ir g in , and I to
prepare for my Journey, I heat’d Mafs
four hours before day, in the very Houfe
fhe was born in. Many religious Men,
and Chriftians o f the Countryi,were pre-
fent 5 and befides private Maffes at fe-
veral A ltars, there was one Mafs fun g,
after w hich, I , and all the Catholicks
receiv’d the BlefTed Sacrament. I fhould
not have had that conveniency at another
time, becaufe the Turks have a Mofch
over it, and do not fufFer Mafs to be faid
there, but only on that d a y ; and this
priviledge bought with a confiderable
Sum o f Money.

CHAP. IX.
The Author's return to Alexandria thefame way he came.

Return’d before day to S. Saviour's But I far’d worfe in the Village o f

I Church, where the Reverend Father the good Thief, where a wretched bare-
Guardian gave me his Blefling in his Pa- footed Fellow ran after me, call’d to me
triarchal Veftments *, and then came to to fla y , till the Receiver o f the tribute,
m y Lodging to wifh me a good Jo urn y, or d u ty , who was his M after, and an
w ith many Expreffions o f tender AfFe- Arab came up. I obey’d , and he being
dtion, and with him the Father Procura- come, began by figns to demand Money
to r G en eral, both o f them prefenting o f m e , tho’ the Muccaro had already
me with Chocolate, and fome devout pay’d the D u ty , becaufe he alfo by m y
Gifts*, and to compleat their kindnefs, habit, took me for a Merchant. Ha-
caus’d tw o MafTes to be faid, one in the ving told him I had none about me, be-
Holy Sepulcher, and the other on Mount caufe I had left it at Rama\ he fell to
C alvary, for the happy fuccefs o f my fearch m e , beginning at my Breeches,
Voyage. as being excellently skill’d in the A r t o f
G ettin g on Horfe-back without Beth- R o b b in g; and finding I had none,would
lehem G ate, with only the Guard o f the have me prom ifetopay him a Piaftre at
M uletier, whom there they call M ucca- Rama, or elfe he would carry me aw ay
ro, I took along Jerem iah's R o ad , and Prifoner to the next Mountain. T o a-
met with no trouble till I came to that void this danger, 1 promis’d what was
M ountain, where tw o Peafants, who not his due, and he came pundhrally to
obferv’d me at a diftance, would have receive it, but 1 made the Muletier pay
me go to them. I flo p p ’d till my M ac- it, who had undertaken for 28 Piaftres,
care came u p , who had flay'd behind to clear me from all fuch Impofitions,
to eat Figs (w hereof as alfo o f G rapes, and carry me to Ja ffa upon his own
Olives, and Pomegranats, there is great charge.
plenty on the Neighbouring Hills ) he By thefe Paffages, any one may judge
being come, had a quarter o f an hours how little Juftice is to be had in thofe ,
difpute with the Peafants. They feeing Countries, fince the T ax-gatherer robs
I had a red Coat on, thought I was fome fo o p e n ly , and without controul: N or
Merchant loaded with Money, and had is this to be admir’d a t , becaufe the
a mind to rob me *, as I , tho' ignorant People o f that Nation are naturally, or
o f the Language guefs’d by their A fti- through cuftom lazy, and therefore love
ons, fo that the Muccaro had enough to to live by robbing, without taking the
• do to perfwade them, I carry’d no M o- pains to till the Ground. Befides, if
ny, whil’fl I fretted to fee niy fe lf in a any o f them would labour, he fhould
C ountry, where two naked Men durft not reap the Fruit o f i t , and therefore
impofe upon me. there arc continual feuffles between the
Coun-
Hi .
^ d u p "'.lx. ; M
i—if-rm ■— ——— »——
C \ J k* A Country People and the A ra b s, who
Gemelli. are always ftealing their Corn. One
16 9 3. day, before I came to Bethlehem, feven
d ra b s and three Country Men had been
Wounded in a Fray. T h ere are mortal
Enmities among the Arabs themfelves,
lome being o f the white B an n er, ana
* fome o f the red, which is the caufe that
many o f both Parties are kill’d daily,
T hus both Arabs and Pealarlts live a
wretched life, lyin g on the Hare ground,
and feeding On a little Bread , without
any other F o o d , becaufe they cannot
always meet with Franks to rob. A fter
the T ax-gatherer had left me, I put on
•s a feurvy black Garm ent o f the M uccaro\
that my own might not call T h ie v e s,
and made haft to Rama. Being come
thither, I ftay’d all W edneflay 9th. ex-
pc& ing the couveniency o f fome Cara-
van to Ja ffa .
7 'hurfday id. I pay’d the vifit to fome
Chriftian Marottihs o f note that had
been to fee me. Friday n t h . I went
with fome Fathers to the Holy Places
about Rama. Saturday 12th. we law a
Cavalcade of A ra bs, with Pipes carry-
ing tw o Children to be Circum cis'd,
wliich Ceremony ended in a plentiful
T re a t o f many Difhes o f P ila u ; that is,
Meat boil’d with R ice.
Sunday 1 3th. I fet out after D inner
for Ja ffa , with a Caravan o f Arabs, and
came thither at Sun-fet. T h e Muccaro
would have me give him another R e-
w ard, befides what he had from the Cu-
fto m er, but l would not hearken to
him. T h e viiiting o f the H oly Places,
colt me 70 Crowns o f our Money in
all. T h e poor and difabled Pilgrim s,
who cannot go up to Jerufalem , gain all
the Indulgences o f the Holy Land at
J a f f a as i f they had viftted i t , and
1 from Ja ffa return into Europe. _ plain to the Cuftohftr againlt Selim the
S; John of l imbark’d dn Monday 14th. with a
A re. fair W in d , and failing all N ig h t, ar-
riv’d on Tuefday 15th. at the antient
Ptolemais, now call’d St. John o f A cre,
m oftly ruin’d and void o f Inhabitants,
I went to the Monaftery o f the Francif-
cans, where I was furnilh’d with neccf-
far ies to go to N azareth.
Wednefday 16th. I fet out with an In-
terpreter, and go t into N azareth about
E v en in g , the days Journey being 25
Miles, Thurfday 17th . I perform’d toy
D evotions, worfliipping the Holy Place,
where the Angel faluted the Blefied
V irgu i, ferv’d by the Capucitis, who re-
ceiv’d me with much civility and afTs-
tfion. Friday 18 th. having vifited fome
other devout Neighbouring Churches, I
V o l. IV.
■.*$!&£’tiJ ' r ^ m'W''* *► ' *
*' k{
■—»**■——
■—
of T u r k'
—*^*—“ ^ “tiTit■r......r■
y.
return'd to St. John o f A c re , it being
impracticable for Pilgrim s to g o further
to iee G alilee, and other H oly Places
for fear o f the Arabs.
Saturday} 19th. there was no conveni-
ency o f Boats, and th erefo re! departed
on Sunday the 20th. after Noon. T h at
N ight we were becalm 'd, but Monday
2 1ft . made much w a y , yet came not to
Ja ffa till Tuefday 22th. W eSiefday 23d.
I bargain’d for my Pajdage to Dam iata,
aboard a Stuck, that was returning thi-
th er, and imbark’d on Tburfday 24th,
to return to A lexan dria, where I had
left my Equipage.
Friday 15th. the W ind prov’d fair;'
and fo continu’d till midnight, but came
about almoft in our Teeth on Saturday
26th. Sunday 27th. It blew brisk and
fair, fo that on Monday z8th. w e arriv’d
at the Bogaft, or mouth o f the R iv e r oF
Dam iata, near which St. Lewis K in g o f
France, after taking that C i t y , caus’d
a Fort to be built, which is 11ill to be
feen. I took a Boat to carry me to the
C ity, arid tho’ I endeavour’d to Ihun the
knavery o f the Black o f H isba, yen f
could not (hun the Ja n izaries, who e x -
afted half a Piaflre for fuffering me to
pafs, and then fearch’d my Pomnantue
fo r the Duties o f the Cuftom-houfif
I thought I fcould have a good N ights
reft, in the Houfe o f the Chriltian A fy -
ronite, who is Procurator to the R efigi-
ous o f Jerufalem 3 but it was my raisfor-
tune to pafs it much worfe than I had
done the four laft at S ea, becaufe o f
fom e final! N ight Inle&s there Were in
the R o o m ; and o f a black W om an ,
who being in Labour clofe b y , cry’d
out all Night as if Ihc had been poffef-
fed-
1 refolv’d in the Morning to cora-
B la c k , who had extorted two P iaftn s
more than his due: He anfwer’d me,
he had no power over him, but that !
might acquaint the Bajfa o f Caire\ with
it. T h e Boat being ready to d ep art,
I was oblig’d to go aboard it with the
C u fto m er, \VhO went the fame w a y ,
left I fhould le t flip that opportu-
nity.
Wednefday the laft day o f the Mdntb,
we Sail’d with 4 fair W ind up the lame
Branch o f the R iv e r N ile, before de- *
ferib’d ; and on Thurfday the tft. o f 0 -
Bober, we run Up the River. T h e Cu~
ftomer was pleas’d to live twddays with-
due eating any Meat, befcaufe there was
never a Jew there, who with a Knife,
without any blemijfh might kilt fbiM
F 2 g e lf
1 (1 )1
44 A Voyage round the W O R L D .
O s A / ) gelt G o a t, Hen, or other Fowl there
Gemelli. were aboard, according to the Mahome-
15 9 3 . tan Superftition.
Friday the 2d. o f October, we arriv’d
at Bubac, and that being the day the
Boat was to fet out tor Rofeto, I only
went out o f one VefTel into another,
running down the N ile , which had
drown’d all the Country. I laid before,
and fay it over again, that a C hriftian,
who Travels in Egypt, and the Holy
Land, mull: arm him felf with patience,
and be deaf, becaufe Chriftians are e-
qually hated by Turks and A rabs, and
mult take abundance o f Affronts from
them both■, for very often a naked Scoun-
d rel, that has not R ags to cover him,
has the impudence to feoff at grave Peo-
pie. T he other m ifehiefis, that they
think all the Franks are Philicians, and
therefore, tho’ they be in health, w ill
have them feel their Pulfe, which I was
forc’d to d o , to avoid fome greater
trouble,knowing I Ihould not be thank’d
for it.
* Saturday 3d. the W ind was contrary,
fo that we made little w a y , the fame
on Sunday 4th. Through the negli-
gence o f the ignorant Sailers, the Bark
run a-ground, and they were forc’d to
unload it to get o ff, and then load a-
CHAP.
Of the Religion, Government, Onflows, Habits, Fruity and
A ir o f Egypt.
B
Efore I depart Egypt, it w ill not be
amifs, but rather very advantage-
o u s, and delightful to the R e a d e r, i f
after thefe Particulars , I give fome ge-
neral account o f the prefent State o f
that K in gd om , which has fuffer’d fo
many Revolutions: F ir ft, under the
Yoke o f the Pharaohs, and fince from
time to time under the Ptolomeys, Ro-
mans, Agarenes o f A rabia F elix, and
Turks, who are now poffefs’d o f it.
The Chriftians o f the Country call E -
gypt M a ffr, the Turks M iffir, and the
Jews Eretfmifraim. It is bounded on
the N orth by the Mediterranean, on the
Eaft by Arabia and the Red Sea j on the
South by Abiffmia and N ubia, and on
the W eft by the D eferts, and Kingdom
o f Barca. It is generally divided into
three p arts, which are B ahri, o r the
lower Egypt-, Toftani , or the middle
(§ L
Book I.
g a in , which took up a great part o f
the d a y ; but the W ind coming up fair,
w e a r r iv d at Rofeto about Sun-fetting.
Monday 5th. I imbark’d for A lexan dria, I
and Landed there before Night. In that
P o rt, I found a French Vefiel ready to
Sail for Leghorn, with whom, i f I would
have return'd into Ghriltendom, I Ihould
have ended this curious Voyage in three
Months and a h a lf; but being relo lv’d
to go on into the E a lt, I flighted that
opportunity. On the other fide, being
inform’d there were foine Veflels at
Bichier ready to Sail for Conflantinople-,
I made it my bufinefs to have a pallage
aboard them, wherein I was much for-
warded by the civility o f Arrigo Grimau,
a Merchant o f M arfeilles, who during
my whole ftay at A lexandria, very af-
fedfionately labour’d to clear me from
any trouble at the Cuftom-Houfe.
Tuefday 5 th. I got a Letter w rit to the
A ga o f Bichier, to procure my paflage
aboard one o f thofe Veffels. Tuefday
7th- I went about to take my leave o f
the Conful and Merchants. Thurfday
8th. Monfieur Grimau treated me with
all that the Country affords 3 and Friday
pth being to depart the next day, I
Supp’d at theConful M onhcrnTam burin\
with all the French thardieted there.
X.
Egypt-, and S a id , or the upper Egypt.
T h e low er contains all the Ipace be-
tween the Sea and C a ire, being that
which the Antients call’d Delta, becaufe
the A rm o f the N ile , and the Sea that
bounds this part make a Triangle,which
is the fame as the Greek Letter Delta
and the chief C ity o f this lower Egypt
is A lexandria. T h e middle Egypt is
bounded by the Village o f Gizut, and
Momfalot, and its principal City is Caire.
T he upper Egypt, otherwife call’d The-
baida, has for its chief City A fn a , or
Jfne, form erly Syene, built on the Banks
o f N ile.
Egypt is Inhabited by Coptic, M oors,
Arabs, Turks, Greeks, Jew s, and other
Nations. The prevailing Religion is
the Mahometan, o f which I Ihall lpcak
in the Defcription o f the Ottoman Em -
pire. T h e Coptic, fo call’d from Copt,
the
 r/ 1'
® : t-’
* : f \ f;, ' ' j
'C b p .X _ O /T U R K Y ,
rs_ A > n the Son o f M ijfrain King o f Agy/tf, were
Gemtllt. form erly Idolaters, like all the other
15 9 3. Egyptians, worlhipping not only Ifis and
Serapis, but many other monftrous De-
Ides ; but after the coming o f C h rift,
they were the firft in A frick , convert-
ed to the Chriftian Faith, by the Preach-
ing o f St. M arc the Evangelift, their
A poftle. T h e y continu’d Catholick
till the time o f their Patriarch JDiofcoms,
w ho fell into the E rror they /till conti-
nue in to this day. In pall: A ges they
were a very confiderable number,600000
paying T rib u te; at prefent they do not
amount to 15 0 0 0 Souls. One o f the
principal Caufes o f their decreafe, has
been their conftancy in the Chriftian
R elig io n , which fo provok'd the rage
o f the Pagan Governours under the Ro-
man Em pire, that they Butcher’d many
thoufands at a time, and now they are
the People moft opprefs’d by the Turks,
T h e Government o f Egypt is fubjeft to
the Ottoman L aw s, and manag’d by a
Bajfa, fent thither by the Port.
A s for the Inhabitants, as form erly
they were accounted ingenious, courte-
ous and civil, fome attributing to them
the Invention o f G eom etry, Arithme-
tick, A ftro lo gy, and Phyfick; fo now,
they are barbarous, rude, fierce, floath-
ful, falfe, treacherous, great T h ie v e s,
and extreamly covetous; infomuch, that
they w ill fell their own Brother for the
value o f Six-pence; but above all, they
hate the very name o f a Chriftian, and
have infus’d that Averfion into their
very Beafts; for even the D ogs run af-
cr the Franks, knowing them by their
9
■ •/ ■ * ••-'..wr'-m
<SL
'
A pparel. T h e Habit o f the better fort
o f Arabs, is almoft the fame as that o f
the T u rks; but the inferiour People
w ear a Sack, or as they call it, a Caban
over their Shirt, wrapping a poor piece
o f Cloth or Silk about their Heads in-
Head o f a Turbant. T he W omen co-
ver their Faces with a Mask o f Cloth
or S ilk , and their Bodies with a lo n g
Cloth over their other Garments • the
better fort o f them wear high Wooden
Clogs, infomuch, that to us, they look
like Monfters. O f themfelves they
are lo w , and brow n , and their great-
eft beauty in the Opinion o f the N a-
tives, is a fparkling Eye.
T h eir Seafons are three Months be-
fore ours, for they eat Figs and Grapes
at the beginning o f June. A ll the forts
o f Fruit known in Europe, are there in
a greater Perfe&ion, by reafon o f the
goodnefs o f the So il, efpecially Pears
Pomgranets, A pples, and fome others;
not to fpeak o f Dates, which are pecu-
liar to Africk. As for Birds, there are
all forts we have in Europe, and many
particular. T here are moft delicious
Beccafichos, like W heat-ears; and the
Turtles are fo numerous and tame, that
they walk about the Streets and Houfes
like Pigeons, but their Partridges are
fallm and hard.
T h e A ir o f the Country is unhealthy,
by reafon o f the great heat, and there-
fore there is no Travelling at all times
o f the Y e a r ; partly by reafon o f the
overflowing o f N ile, and partly becaufe
o f the violence o f the Sun.
The End of the FirftBO O K.
I A
f|| §L
x ^ * ' ‘ Book, it

V O YA C E
Round the W O R L D ,
By Dr . John Francis Gemelli Careru
P A R T i-
Containing the moft Remarkable Things he law in
T V KKT.

BOOK II
C H A p. I.

J „ Account o f the mojl Rem arkable Things the Author faw in the JjUnds o f
(. R h o d e s, S tan cln o and S c io , and in the C itj of S m ir m ,

i6 o f H E Boat being ready, I went French often drank to my good Voyage,

8 Aboard it on Saturday the io th Tnefday 13th , we Sail’d again with a
P o f Ottober, being Bound for fair W in d ; but when w e had run 40
Bichier, where I A rrival about Noon, Miles, the Matter, who was better skill’d
and gave my Letter o f Recommendation upon Riirers than at Sea, out o f a vain
to the A t * o f the Cattle, who fpoke to Fear, ftood about again fo r Alexandria,
V the Rais, or Matter o f the Veflel for me. tho’ neither the Sea ran very high, nor
Being agreed about my Paffage, I caus’d the W ind was very boitterous. Being
my Baggage to be put Aboard the Ship, fenfible o f his M iftake, he ftood his
which w as under Sail, and began to Courfe again, but we had not Sail’d far,
make way within two Hours, with a before Fear and Ignorance brought him
fair W ind, which lafted all Night. I about again, and we put Into the Port
pafs’d it indifferently, becaufe thefe fo rt o f Bichier on Wednefday 14th. It was a
o f Veffels, call’d Londras, have the Poop, Torm ent to me to fee my Voyage re-
D eck , Gang-ways, and Matts like a tarded by his Folly, and would hatfe
Galley, only they have one little Matt given any Mony to be Aboard a Chrt-
and Sail more. ttian Ship to be out o f the Hands o f
The Wind continu’d fair Sunday 1 ith Scoundrels.
till Noon, but after that it began to T hnrfiay 15th, there was as dreadful
blow fo hard, and contrary, that it a Storm by Sea and Land, as was ever
oblig’d the fearful Matter and Sailors to known in Italy in December. Friday
turn back. Thus on Monday 1 ith, w e i<5th it Rain’d hard, by which it appears
rattie again into the Port o f Alexandria they are much deceiv’d, who think the
at two in the Afternoon, and going A - Sky is clear all over Egypt in W inter *
fhore, I went to pay my Refpc&s to for the Ancients, who deliver’d this A c-
Monlieur Tamborin, who oblig’d me to county meant it only o f the Upper, but
ftay in his Houfe, where he and all the not o f the Lower Egypt.
Saturday

^8
/ / > — '< V \
I ®
_____ _ 0/ T U R K Y “
____ ____________ _ __ .__ _ - '. ~.......
Saturday 17th , I went alhore to di-
Gemtlli. vert the Melancholy 1 was troubled with
1693. fo r being among Turks and Greeks, where
no Body underltood me. Going Aboard
again at N ight, all the Proviiion I car-
r y ’d with me was Eggs, the Country
affording nothing elfe.
Sunday 18th, the W ind began a little
to fall. Monday 19th it Rain’d again,
and held on Tttefday 20th, which fettled
the Sea. The Seamen Itay’d Wednefday
2 1f t to dry their Sails, and prepare to
Sail ; and at length, Thurfday 22d, the
Rais or M ailer, encourag’d by other
Vefiels that Ihew’d him it was fafe go-
ing to Sea, crept out of his Hole. The
W ind blew fo brisk and favourable that
D ay and Friday 23d, that our Vefiel
carrying three Sails, left three Saicks a
S te r n ; and Saturday 24th, before Noon,
we happily A rriv ’d at the Port o f Rhodes,
having run 500 Miles in 47 Hours.
J^odts. T h e City Rhodes, once one o f the
m oll flourilhing in J f ia y is in the Lati-
tude o f 3 5 Degrees. It maintain’d it
fe lf a long time as a Commonwealth,
gaining fo much Reputation by Sea, that
the Emperor Antoninus Pius doubted not
to Decree, T h at the Pretentions o f one
Eudemon Ihould fie decided according
to the Laivs o f the Rhodians. But this
C ity afterwards falling under the D o-
minion o f feveral Princes, was at laft
granted by Emanuel, Emperor o f Con-
f t antinomic, to the Knights Hofpitallers
o f St. John, who had been Expell’d the
H oly Land. T h e Knights being in Pof-
feffion, fortify’d themfelves, and de-
fended it bravely in the Year 1444.
againlt the Sultan o f Egyyt. In the Year
14 8 0 . under the Empire of Mahomet II.
they held out a Siege o f three Months,
by the Valour and Condudl o f the great
Maltey Ambujfon ; but afterwards in
15 2 2 . after a vigorous Defence made
by Adam the great M ailer, the Ifland
fell under the Dominion o f Soliman
II.
The City. T h is City is feated on the Eaft-fide o f
y the M aud; part on the Plain, and part
on the Hill. It is three Miles in com-
pafs, the Streets are wide, Ilrait, and
well Pav’d ; and in the midft o f the
greateft is a row o f white Marble Stones
from one end to the other. In this
Street are to be feen the Lodgings o f
the Knights o f St. John, and the Pal-
lacc o f the great Mailer. T h e Build-
ings are after the Italian manner, o f
Iquare Stone, harder than the Navies
Stone ; the Bazars or Markets, are fur-
nifh’d with all the Iffand, or adjacent
49
<SL
47"
... ■ '■— •' ■■■- --- - w
» -- ■ ■■■ ■■ —
» ■ —»■—-——
—— —w
Continent affords, fold at a very eafie
rate. By the Buildings it appears to
have been in the Hands o f Chriltians*
their Magnificence being nothing dimi-
nilh’d by the Brutality o f the Mahome-
tansy who have not abolilh’d the A nti-
quities ; and the Arms o f the Knights
o f Jerusalem are every where to be fcen,
even upon the Artillery,
A fter hearing a Greek Mafs on Sunday
25th, l walk’d about to fee the C ity ,
whic h is a good Fortrefs; for beiides
being all round furnifh’d with good
Cannon, it has a treble W all, and two
Ditches, and on the C allle fide three,
T he Gates on the Land fide are f iv e ;
but three of them (hut, and two open,
fecur’d by fevcral W orks and D raw ­
Bridges; and to the Sea there are two
more. The Inhabitants are Turks and
Je w s ; for all the Greek Chrillians, being
the greater Number, live in the Suburbs
and Country Houfes about it, which
yield a pleafant Prolpedl amidft the G ar-
dens and Vineyards. T h e Turks drive
them all out o f the City on Friday, to
fay their Prayers at Noon with the
Gates Ihut, punifhing thofe feverely that
do not make hafte out, when the Signal
is given.
Monday 25 th, I went to fee the great Palacei
M ailer’s Palace, feated on the higheft
part o f the Hill, which at prefent ferves
for a Prifon, and Dwelling-Place o f two
Chams o f little T a n ary, depos’d out o f
Jealoufie, and kept perpetual Prifoners
by the Great T u rk; to the end, that if
he who Rules, behaves him felf amils,
one o f the Prifoners may be fet up in
his Place, and he fucceed the other in
the Prifon. I faw nothing Curious in it,
but only a great Strudlure which the
Turks fuffer to run to R u in , without
taking care to Repair it. T h e Church
o f St. John adjoining to the faid Palace,
is now the chief Mofch.
1 faid before, the City was encom-
pafs’d by three Walls, and as many
D itches; I mull now add, that it has as
many Ports for fecurity o f its Ships and
Galleys. That which ferves the Ships
is defended by the Ballion St. Elmo with
T en Pieces of Cannon, which alfo ferves
for a Light Houfe. T h e other adjoin-
ing to it, is defended on the Left by a
T ow er with Eight fmall Guns, and on
the Right by the Enchanted, or Moors
T o w e r with T w enty Eight Guns, but
only the Eight that lie level with the
W ater carry a large Ball. A Man may
almoft creep into one o f them, on which
clofe by the Arms o f the Knights, I
read
 ■ Go^ X
?(!):•)
48 A Voyage round the VV U R L D.
f X A - ^ read this Infcription, Opus Francifu M an-
Gemelli. tuani, A . D. i486.
16 9 3 . They told me, that when the C ity
l / Y V ' was taken, there were found three Pieces
o f a prodigious bignefs, which fhot
Stone-Bullets fo large, that two Men
could fcarce Fadom them ; for which
reafon they were afterwards Tranfport-
The Fort, ed to Conjlantinople. T h e aforefaid Fort
isfq u are, having four little Towers at
the Angles, and an Octogon in the mid-
die, all made by the Knights. From it
to the oppofite Bullion, they draw a
Chain to fhut up the Port, which is not
very fafe, for in my time the Adm iral
o f A lgier was calf away in it, and a little
before my coming, a Shipand a Saick.
The Co- From this Port, they go into the o-
lojfus ther within it, which is like an A rfen al,
and ferves for fmall Veflels. It has two
Mouths, one in the middle, and the o -
ther near the aforefaid P o rt, from
whence to the City it is fhut up by A r t.
Ait. r>. > In this fecond Port flood the famous
Ddfcup.of Colcijfns o f Brafs, fet up by Chares o f the
of Holy c ity Lyndas (D ifciple to the famous
Statuary Lifppus) who in the T erm o f
' 6 JM - 12 Years il;’ wich the Expence
let Dc- o f 300 Talents. T h e height o f it was
feript. dc 70 Cubits, and no Man could Fadom its
l.m iverfi, Thumb, every Finger being as big as
“ jJV28* the la rg d l o f the ancient Statues; fo
w lrm oi that the {pace between the two Legs
Afritk, lerv’d fo r Velfels to pafs under, that
trn. 1- went to Anchor there. It held a VdTel
>4 i. in its Hand, in which they kept a great
Fire, to Light Ships in the Dark o f the
* N ight i but when it had flood 56' Years,
it was thrown down by an Earthquake -,
the Rhodians threatned by their Oracle,
not daring to fet it up again ; and thus
that wonderful W ork lay on the Ground
for feveral Ages, till the Year C54,
when it was knockt in pieces. In 1 1 3 6 ,
v about 14 5 0 Years after it had been E re-
&ed, it was utterly D eflroy’d by one
M alsavia, a chief o f the Saracens, who
made himfelf Mafter o f the Aland, and
fold the Metal to a Je w , who Landing
it in the lefler Afia, had it carry’d into
Egyft on 900 Camels.
T h e Port o f the G alleys is the bell
for Security and Conveniency. T here
were at that time three Galleys, the o-
tiler two being Abroad under the Com-
mand o f their General Ammaxat-mam-
ma.
Taefday 27th, I went to fee the French
Confui, who was a Grecian, that he
might fecuremeagainft anyinfult o f the
Tarks. I found him not, but under-
flood he could do me little kindnefs,
%*
< ro
/n -■
<SL
Book 11.
as being in no Efteem among the Turks •,
befides that they are not there fo Info-
lent to the jFranks.
Wednefday 28th, I walk’d in the Su»
burbs, in a good Garden that produc’d
excellent Grapes and Figs, and at N ight
return’d Aboard the Veflel. Thurfday
29th, meeting with the Rais, or Mafter,
1 perceiv’d he had no Inclination to leave
his H oufefo foon, being detain’d by the
Embraces of hisWife,who was a beautiful
Turkljh Woman. T h e Rhodian Women
out o f Modefty cover their Foreheads
with a Handkerchief, and their Chin up
to the N ofe with another. Friday 30th,
being the Day o f Prayer, 1 took my
way towards the Palace along the
Knights Street, to fee the aforementi-
on’d Cham, who was to pafs by to the
Mofch. A t laft he appear’d with a T rain
o f tw enty Follow ers, Clad after the
Tartar manner j he was o f a good Sta-
ture, and had only a Blemiih in his right
Eye.
T h e Iiland o f Rhodes, form erly call’d The
Ofiufa, A flerta and ^Athrea, and by 0- Ifland>
ther N am es, is 14 0 Italian Miles in
length. T h e Climate is Temperate, and
P le a f a n t t h e Soil abounding in Fruit
and W ine, but produces not Corn e -
nough, but is plentifully fupply’d out
o f N atolia, which is but 20 Miles diftant
from it on the North-fide. Form erly
there w ere feveral Cities in it, now re-
duc’d to Villages ; as Filerno, Lynda,
the Country of the famous Statuary a-
bove-mention’d, Baftlica, Catavia, and
others, inhabited by wretched Greeks,
Jews and Turks.
My continual Inflances to the Rais, or
Mafter, prevail’d with him at length to
leave his Fair, and fet Sail on Saturday
the laft Day of OElober; but we had
fcarce Sail’d two M iles, before Jhe re-
turn’d, the Thoughts o f her perhaps
carrying him away. Befides thefe bafe
Turks and Greeks are afraid when they
perceive the Wind rife, and aft with
fuch Diforder and N o ife, that they
know not themfelves what they are a-
bout fo that T en Chriftians are more
ferviceable at Sea than Fifteen Turks.
Sunday the ill o f November, I did my
Devotions in the Greek Church, and fb
Monday the 2d, Taefday 3d, a Saick en-
tred the Port with a Company o f Soldi-
ers bound for ConftantimpL,
Wednefday 4th, as I was walking, a
Turk call’d to me to go into his Houfe,
but I fearing the Penalty o f being im-
pal’d kept on my way. Thurfday 5th,
a Sicilian told me the Turks fulpected
me
9
 —< V \
111
ch3P7i of t IO T k y .
C s A ^ o me for a Spy, and therefore advis’d me
Gemclli. to take care they did not make me a
1693- S la v e ; it being the Practice there to ufe
Franks fo upon flight Pretences; as had
hapned the Year before to four French-
Men, who came from Napoli di Romania
at the fame time the Fleet lay before
Canea, and were made Slaves in Rhodes,
upon Pretence that they were Spies.
T h is troubled me, and the morebecaufe
I had forgot to get a Pafs from the
French Conful, feeing I had Traveil’d
through the Holy Land without being
molefled by the Mahometans. Friday
6th, being the Day o f Prayer, and 1
not having taken notice o f the ufual Sig-
nal, perceiv’d when it was too late,
that the Gates were Ih u t; therefore
there being no going out, I hid my feif
fo r fear in a T o w er, where had the
Turks found me, I had certainly been
taken, and fecur’d as a Spy. Perceiving
what Dangers 1 ran, I fpent all Saturday
feeking out Lome other Veflel to carry
me out o f Rhodes, but it was my Misfor-
tune to find none. _ dkines that had Cur’d them.
Sunday 8th, I heard Mafs in the Greek
Church, with leave o f the Superior,
Monday 9th, a French Tartan arriv’d in
the Port, but prov’d to be bound for
Cyprus, fo that it was not for my turn,
Tuefday 10th, another came in, carrying
four French Merchants from Seyde to
Sm im a, who courteoufly offer’d me my
Paflage, advifing me to bring my Equi-
page, and lie Aboard the Veflel my
M i, becaufe I was in danger of being
made a Slave by the Turks, as they had
been inform’d by Capt. Sanfon, a Rene-
gado o f MarfeilLes, and Vice-Adm iral o f
the A rgier-Veflel loft in the Port. A c-
cordingly I carry’d my Equipage, and
went to lie Aboard that N ight, paying
the Mailer o f the firfl Veflel the full we
had agreed on for the whole Voyage.
Thus after fo long a Stay, I fet out
on Wednefday about Noon. T here were
Aboard the Tartan, beiides the four
French-Men, feven Turks, and the Aga
o f Seyde, who had quitted the Turkijh
Ship, becaufe of the Ignorance o f the
Owner. W hat I obferv’d in thefe B ar-
harians, was, that they had laid afide
the foolifh Fiercenefs and Arrogance
they Praflife Aboard their own Ships,
where they feek all Occafions to wrong
a Chriflian ; and it was a great Satisfa-
£lion to me to fee them Aboard our
T artan, as quiet asLanibs; not ventur-
ing to fay their Prayers in Publick, for
fear of being Laugh’d at. Having Sail’d
20 Miles, we pafs’d by the Ifland Scimo,
Vot. IV.
5)
<SL
f f
and at the end o f 30 by Pifcopi, Calcs
and Ntjfaro, Illands Inhabited Jby G n r
clans, and N ells o f Pirats. Thurfday
12th, we could not weather Cape Creo,
the W ind being, in our T e e th ; which
continu’d Friday 1 3th, but grow ingC al-
mer, we with Difficulty put into the
Ifland Stanchio, 100 Miies diflant from
Rhodes, three Hours before Night, having
all tne way Coafted along the Continent
o f Natalia.
Stanchio, Stanco, Stingo and Stancit, or stanchio
according to the Antients Meropc and Ifland.
Cos, is a longilh Ifland, on the EaH,
looking towards Natalia, from which it
is parted by a Streight o f fix Miles. It
is famous for having brought into the
W orld the famous Painter Apelles, and
the renowned Phyfician Hypocrates, who
is Paid to have become fo Learned by
reading the many Tablets brought to
the Temple o f Efculapius in this Ifland ;
becaufe all that recover’d o f any Diflem-
per, were oblig’d to leave an Account
in W riting, in the Templb, o f the Me-
Going alhore to fee a wonderful T ree, The City.
as alfo the C ity, I took notice it was
feated near the Sea, on a rifing Ground,
and defended by good W alls, and a
deep Ditch fill’d by the S ea; as alfo by
a Callle well Hor’d with Cannon. It
has no Port, but an open Road is all the
fhelter the Ships have. The Houfes are
low, but o f Stone; but there is one
liately Stru&ure, which they call H ip-
pocratcs’s Palace. On the Weft-fide o f
it is a large Suburb, in which, as well
as in the City there live Turks, Jews
and Greeks, but the latter much op-
prefs’d by the Mahometans. About it
there are good Gardens and Vineyards,
which produce excellent W ine. The
wonderful T ree is a Plain, by theTurks
call’d Cinor, Handing within the City
between the Callle Gate, and the Bazar,
or Market-Place. It is mofl certain
there is not the like o f it in Europe,
for 4000 Men ean Hand under its Boughs,
which are held up by 36 Props, or lit*
tie Pillars, under which there are two
Fountains, and fe'veral Benches fix’d, to
take the A ir.
W e fail’d not the fame day, both be-
caufe we expected the Vice-Admiral
Sanfon, who Hay’d that Night in the
City about fome bufinefs, and becaufe
the R affa would fend a Servant o f his
aboard the Tartan.
Saturday 14th.. we fail’d about Noon
with a fair W ind, which failing us three
hours after, we were forced to lie Upon
G a Bowl-
{($%
//> — < V \
^q
c /i Voyage round the W O R L D.
o ^ \ a B o w lin g , but could not that N ig h t
Gem elli. get beyond the Iflands o f the B a ft, Car-
16 9 3 . n'»o, and L ew , inhibited like the others
u A & j h7 Greeks
S m d a y 'i< th . e a rly , w e pafs’d by L y-
i f i , an Ifland not inhabited, and then
by S t John de Fam e, form erly poflefs’d
by the K nights o f M alta, N actaria, L i-
fornL and Samos, form erly Confecrated
to Juno, who had a T e m p le there, and
famous for having been the Country o f
Pythagoras, the fortunate Fohcratcs, and
one o f the S ib ils: not to fpeak o f many
more Illands on the righ t and le ft, d i-
fpers’d about that Archipelago. T h e
W ind coming right againft us, we w ere
forc’d to turn b ack, and cake Ihelcer
under the R o ck o f A rtivo , where there
are feveral P o rts, w ith W ater enough
fo r great S h ip s ; yet the place is not
inhabited, and only the Shepherds carry
their Flocks to graze there, incontinu-
al dread o f the Pirates. A little before
bur A r r iv a l, three Sail departed tlience,
after tak in g a Stick, leavin g a quantity
,o f W ood on the Shoar, which our 7V -
tan took aboard. M onday tdth. the
W in d continuing contrary, the Seamen
w en t about the Rocks gathering Shell-
F i f i i ; and having given the A ga o f Sty-
Ae a Sea-U rch in , that Brute put it to
the F ire to R o a lt, as i f it had been a
F i f li : A n d to fay the truth , he fhew’d
him felf lik e a B e a ll, in his W ords and
A ctions, and w ore a Beard like a C on -
iu re r, o r rather like a he G o a t , bred
w ild on a Mountain.
Tuefday 17 th . we fail’d three hours
before d a y , but had litttle W in d , fo
that by N oon, we had much ado to pafs
the S tre ig h t, between the Iflands Soma
and Form : A fter Noon it frelhned, and
w e ran under a T o p *fail to Scio, w here
w e arriv'd at N igh t, a fter running 1 3 0
M iles, the computed d iftance, between
Stamina and Scio. W ednefday 18th. w e
a ll went afhoar, and I w as entertain’d
by the Capucins.
sdo Ifland B tb d ta , according t o f o m e , was the
firfl name o f this Ifland,afterwards call’d
Scicos, o r rather Sciros, from an antient
Nym ph. T h e Turks call it S a lu u id a u ,
or Sachezada, which fignifies the Ifland
o f MafUck. It is one o f the chiefefl: in
the Archipelago, and o f thofe call'd C y-
clades, being 80 Miles in compafs. O n
the N orth o f it, is the Ifland M etelin, o r
M ytilene, on the Eaft N atalia,from which
it is feparated by a Channel 3 Leagues
wide, call’d the Streight o f Capo Bidn~
co, or the W h ite Cape, and on the South
the Ifland Naccaria. T h e Inhabitants
<0 *■)
he**-
§L
Book It.
divide it into two parts, Aponomoya, o r
the upper, which is towards the N o rth ,
and Catamera, or the lo w er tow ards the
south. T h e Soil next the Sea, is extra-
ordinary R ich, but that further up bar-
ren en ough, being for the m oll part a
bare R o c k , and ferves only for G oats
to graze on. Between the Inhabitants
o f the M etro p o lis, and ot 80 V illages,
there are reckon'd to be about 10 0 0 0 0 ,
w hereof 80000 are Greeks, and the re lt
Catholicks , Jew s and Turks. T h e ir
principal Revenues come o f M ilk, and
B u tte r, W in e and S ilk ; w hereof they
make ev e ry Y ear to the value o f 12 0 0 0 0
C row ns, which is m ore m the Ifland to
employ the Poor.
I he C ity S cio , leated in 38 deg. oi TheCity.'
L a titu d e , is lo n g ilh , lyin g on the Sea
C o a ft, and being narrow towards the
Mountains fo r want o f room. _It is cn-
cOtnpafs’d by good W alls , with eight
Gates , but it is defended by a C aftle
near the P o rt \ which tho oil the Land
fide it have a broad deep D itch , w ith
tw o Bridges and Gates , yet has inch
weak antient W alls, and fo bare o f O ut-
works and Cannon, that they can make
but a few hours refinance. In one A n -
gle o f the Cicy towards the South is an-
other F o rt with 10 pieces o f Cannon
and another in the m iddle, lately ra isd
on the Ruins o f a Greek Church,
T h e P o rt is large, but not la t e , the ^ p ^
bottom being foft, fo that the Anchors
have no hold ; in the m id fl of it, is the
Light-houfe for the convem ency o f Ships
that come in by N igh t. In this P o rt,
lie the five G alleys o f the Ifland, com -
manded by as many Begs, to whom the
Grand Seignior allow s 1 2000 C row ns,
for the charge o f each o f them,
Confidering the finallneis o f the C ity ,
40000 Inhabitants is conliderable
number, m o fto fth e m being Chnftians,
as w e ll L atin s, as Greeks. For this rca-
fon, there are alfo tw o B ifh o p s, one a
C ath o lick , who has about 50 Priefts
under him, and the other a Schifmatick.
T h e Turks and Jew s are ob lig’d by the
N atives to live m the Caftle. The
Houfes are o f Sto n e, after the Italian
fafhion, w ith the R o o f like a Pyram id,
cover’d w ith T ile s . T h e Streets are
n a rro w , but P a vd w ith P eb b les; and
the Bazars o r Markets abound in all
things at eafie R a te s, becaufe the near-
nefs o f N atalia fupplies all the Ifland
wants.
T h e Chriftian W om en are clad after Women.
the Italian fafhion , except their Head*
d r e fs ; but their Coats are fhort to their
K n ees,
 ■ Goi x
A° V —x V \ «

f(f)| <SL
x %gf

~ Chap 11. 0/ tU r K Y. , ~5l~

C K J^ y \ Knees, gather’d behind like a Prieft’s ing correfpondence with the Republic^
Ge ndh. Surplice, a ridiculous H abit, like that o f Venice, which calumny could not be
1693. o f the Country Women about Ojfuni, taken off’ without a great deal of Mo-
V /'V 'v a City in the Kingdom o f Naples. The ney. I hope God will give this Man
W idows cover their Heads with red grace to follow the Example o f B. James,
Veils, other Women with white, with a lay Brother o f Calabria. He being
d Rowl round their Fore head, like the call into Prifon for fome heinous Offence,
French Fore-head Cloth ; behind, to- by the Supeiior o f Eriza, a fmall Mo-
wards the left fide, hangs a Fringe o f nailery in the Mountains o f Syiia, fub-
the Coif, that covers the Head, which, jedl to that o f Jerufalem, fled to B arut,
together with variety of Flow ers, they and thence to Seyde; and not being ad-
wear at all times o f the Y ear, is a very mitted, becaufe o f the P lague, flay’d
pleafant light. The Women themfelv^s without with three other Religious Men
are extraordinary fair and beautiful, o f his Order. In the mean w hile, the
and very witty, and familiar with Men; Preiident o f Seyde talk’d to , and corn-
even the Maids being very free with forced him from the W a ll, with the
Strangers, and all of them have their hopes that he would obtain his Pardon
Brealls iinmodellly bare. o f the Father Guardian; but the Plague
Churches. T*ie c' l’e^ Churches in Scio, are five, flill continuing, and there being no ad-
the Daom, , or Cathedral, that o f the mittance, they agreed to retire for fome
Jefuits, the Dominicans, Capstans, and time to Darbejfm. B. James perceiving
Recolets, behdes other lmall ones, both the bufinefs, was protracted, and de-
withim and wichont the City. fpairing o f Pardon, return’d to Seyda,
Maft‘ k The ^ailick is the belt in the beginning of May 16 9 3, and go-
a IC * in the W o rld ; for which rerfon, the ing to the Seraglio, defir’d to be made a
Grand Seignior feuds one every Y ear, Mahometan. He was receiv’d, and Cir-.
to be prefent at the gathering o f it, cumcis’d, but before two Months were
with an exprefs Prohibition againft Ex- over, becoming fenfible of his crime; he
porting it for any Part but Conftantino- had recourfe to a French Capucin, who was
pie, where the Servants and Women in Superior in that C ity, humbly begging
the Seragl.o confume it , chewing it all Abfolution, and declaring with many
the day to make their Teeth white, and Tears, that he for ever abjur’d, andde*
their Breath fw eet, and therefore the tefted Mahometanifm. T he other an*
Turks call it the Bland o f M aftick. The fwer’d , he mull fly into Chriflendom;
Cotton gather’d here, yields the Na- for he could not abfolve him , becaufe
tives fome profit, the poor People get- he was in eminent danger o f relapfing
ting their living by working at it. into the fame State o f Damnation, if he
Thurfday 1 <Jth. at the Frenth Conful’s continu’d among Mahometans. B.Jam et
Paffase. ° Houle, I faw a Young Venetian Rcnega- reply’d, he publickly own’d his crime;
do, a handfome Fellow. He, after fay- and was ready to die a Martyr for his
ing three Maffes one Morning in Scio, Faith and Religion. He flill perfifling
o f an Augitftinian Friar , became a M a- in this holy purpofe, and returning on
hornetan ; but afterwards repenting, de- Wednefday, the aforefaid Father Superi-
fir’d the Conful to contrive his efcape or gave him Abfolution, and the Bleffed
in to,Chrijtendom. This was a matter Sacrament. T he next d a y , that good
that requir’d much management, be- Father advis’d him to make his elcape
caufe he was kept in the Bajfa's Houfe, aboard fome French Veflel , becaufe he
who perceiving fomething of his change, was not fure he could overcome human
becaufe he delay’d being Circumcis’d , W eaknefs, and obtain o f Almighty
had caus’d him one Morning to be cut God the Grace o f Martyrdom. B. James
by fo rce, telling him, if he fled , he anfwer'd, No, I will die for the Faith,
fhould at lead carry the mark with him and I find my felf fo refolv’d, that I do
to Italy. The caufe of this misfortune not fear being burn’d to Death, whichat
w as, that he leading an ill Life in his firfl terrify’d me. Adding further, Give
Order, and the Superior intending to me a Crucifix, and to morrow you (hall
punifh him, he fled to Scio, and had fe- fee what I will d o ; in the mean while
courfe to the Catholick Bifhops, to ob- pray for me. Perceiving he was fettled
tain his Pardon o f the O rder, which in his refolution, he gave him a fecond
being refus’d , in defpair he turn’d M a- time Abfolution, and the Bleffed Sacra-
hometan. From that time forward , he ment. On Friday being the Turks Fe-
always did the Bilhop ill Offices with Rival, B. James went to the B azar, or
the B ajfa, falfly accufing him o f hold- Market-place where abundance o f Peo-
Vol. IV. G a pie
 ■ Go$ X
t f)! _ r. . f ---- —
■, i i .... ......m
mmm
ij 2 A Voyage round the VV O R L D.
pie w e fe , carrying a C rofs in his Bofom ,
Gtm elU. and fetting one foot on his T u rb a n t,
16 9 3 . and the other on his green G arm ent,
holding the Crofs in his han d, he be-
fa n to P reach, and d eclare, that being
penitent fo r his offence* he was relolv d
to die fo r the Cacholick Faith, and that
> the Mahometan R eligion was a c h eat,
and their Prophet an Im p o fto r, w ho
led Souls to Hell. A great multitude
f lo c k ’d about him, hearing there W o rd s,
and fomc underftanding Italia n , ran to
acquaint the Bajfa , w ho order’d the
F m r to be brought before him, in the
moll abufive manner, as was perform ’d,
thofe Barbarians breaking the C rofs.
Being brou ght, he ask’d him, whether
he was mad to behave h im felf after that
manner? B. Jam es told him, he was in
his right fenfes, and had been mad when
lie embrac’ d fo infamous a Religion. A
Court w as held after th is, and the French
labour’d with the C adi to fave his L ife ,
or at lea ft that he fhould be put to an
eafie D eath 3 and the Cadi offering to
pardon h im , provided he would o w n
what he d id , was in a fit o f madnefs,
the good Man would not do it, but e x -
peded D eath with an unparallelfd R e -
folution. Being therefore k d in the
beginning o f Ju ly in his Shirt and B re e -
ches to the G ate o f the Seraglio, the E x -
ecutioner ftruck him w ith the back o f
his Scim iter, to terrifie and make him
imfay w h at be had faid 3 but not p re-
vailing w ith a fecond ftroke, he at laft
ftruck o f f his H ead, hacking the dead
Body, w hich being bought by the French
tor 5 0 F ia jlre s, to be bury’d, was p u t
into L im e to fave the Bones, but the
place b ein g open’d a fter three M onths,
it was found as frefh as it was b u ry’d ,
not fo much as a Hair being dropp’d o f f
his Beard. T his was told me, by M on-
iieur Ripera and other French Merchants,
who w e re eye .W itnefies to it 3 and b e-
caufe a ll the Chriftians o f the Eaft have
celebrated his F eftival, I thought fit to
make mention o f i t , fo r the Informs*-
tion o f thofe who have not heard o f
jc
Friday 20th. the W in d blew fo hard,
that the Veflels in the Harbour w e re
forc’d to drop another A n ch o r, w hich
lafted a ll Saturday 2 1 f t . Sunday 2 2 th .
I walk’d about the C it y , with the C o n -
Creci ful’s S o n , and four o th er French M en 3
Nuns. who conduced me to an enclos’d C ou rts
about w h ic h , there w ere many little
Houfes, inhabited by G reek Nuns. T o
fay the truth , it ap pear’d more lik e
a Stew than a M onaltery , becaufe
V i
-'-—
"*
!. i tl M l
....* .'.*■ '1""
.....
"*'*"1*"” “ ' *"~U
• . ,„• • .>v •. ■
I wi,,~~' 'r~T^'~'"l>
§L
J
Book II.
o f the lib e rty thofe counterfeit R c lig i-
ous W om en tak e, being allow ’d to go
about the C ity at their pleafure, and to
admit Men whenfoever they pleafe.
Monday 23d . the fam e Com pany w ent Maftick
to fee the T re e s that produce the M a- Tree*,
ftick, o r the Sakes, as the Turks call i t .
T h ey are final], and their Branches b o w
down to the Ground, turning up again,
T o make the Maftick, they give a gafti
in forae parts o f the T ru n k j w hence,
from the beginning o f M ay, till the end
o f Ju n e, that Liquor drops down on the
Ground 3 and therefore they endeavour
to keep the place v e ry clean to gath er
it. T h e y f a y , there is good T ut pen -
tine m ade in the fame ifland, but l did
not fee the T ree. T h e n we went three
Miles from the C ity, to fee a Rock near
the S ea, in which there was a Seat cut
in the m iddle, and others about it,w hich
they told m e, was H om er's School3 but
I never read that Homer taught,
T h e Partridges are fo tame in S c ie , Tame
that th ey feed about the Fields in Sum - Par.
mer, and at Night return to their M a- tridges.
iter’s H oufe, upon the call o f a W h ittle ,
as was fh ew ’d me in a Village w e came
through, in our return home,
I had refolv’d to go from Scio to Cow­
flantinople, aboard another Velfel j but
Monfietir Ripera, who deliver’d me from
the danger I was in at Rhodes, would not
confent, fa y in g , it w as better f o r m e
to go to Sm im a to take my P a fs, and
continue m y Voyage thence 3 becaufe i f
I went Aboard Turks o r Greeks again
without a Pafs, I m igh t cafily be m ade
a Slave in any Ifland o f the Archipelago,
where there were no French 3 which be-
ing alfo told me by the Conful, I a lte r’d
my Refolution, and to ok the good A d -
vice they gave me, and the fooner be-
caufe the W inter being w ell advanced,
and the Voyage 500 M iles, I might have
lain fom e Months by the way.
I em bark’d with the fame C om pany
aboard the fame T a rtan , on Tue/day 2 4 .
and the W ind being fair, foon le ft the
Land of Cucbsmcl on out right hand 3 bu^
near the Ifland Spalm atore, the W in d
fail’d us, and therefore we advanc’d but
little that N ig h t, between the Contt>
nent and the liland, which is inhabited
by Turks and Greeks. Wednefday 2 5 th .
the C alm continu’d , and a little G a le
coming up in tfie E ven in g, we pafs’ d b y
Cafe Carabomwy leavin g M tttllln on the
left. T h e W ind frefhmng at N i g h t ,
w e e n tre d the G ulp ; o t Sm im a, ftee r-
ing to w ard s the C ity , through the P af-
fage, the continent Leaves on both hides,
fo r
C®
' "Ch^TiL O / T U R K Y.
K f\ for the Sea. T he Wind falling again
Cemelli. on Thurfday 26th. we made little way,
1693- but about Sun-fet, it blew hard agalnlt
< / 'V vO us f 0 that with much Tacking, we got
at Mid-night within the Fort, and An-
T , r j chor’d by It. T h ey fay, this Caftle was
file at th built 30 Years fince, becaufe a Je w , who
port of e form’d the Cuftoms, tied into Chriften-
Swim, dom with two V eflels, at the fame time
that the Grand Seignior fent Orders
by a Haifa, to have him carry’d to Con-
(lantinople3 others fay, it was on account
o f the E n M and Dutch, that were in
thc Harbour, refufing to ferve againft
the Venetians. T h is Fort is low built,
with two Baftions at the A n gles, and
without any Modern Fortification 3 but
it isfurnilh’d with 2 1 Pieces o f Cannon,
lying level with the W ater, and well
Garrifon’d. T h e Commander o f it fuf-
fers any to go into the P o rt, but none
to go out without his leave.
T h e fame contrary Wind continuing
on Friday 27th. we Tack’d up into the
Harbour of Smirna, and came to an An-
chor in the Evening, going immediate-
ly with the four French Men, and Cap-
tain o f the Vefiel to the French Confuls,
who receiv’d us courteoufly , giving us
a good Collation, and making us drink
m errily. T aking leave o f the Conful
and Friends, I went to provide me a
Lodging, and took one in a French Man’s
Houfe for half a piece of Eight a Day,
and a quarter for my Man 3 but any Man
that would be faving, may find in the
C ity fome X ans, or vaft Apartm ents,
capable to contain fome thoufands, ef-
pecially the Xancelebi, cover’d with
Lead • and that o f the Armenians, where
the Caravan o f Perfta fets up 3 where
f o r a Dutch P iaftre, or little m ore, a
Man may have a Room without a Bed
f o r a Month, and live fuitable to his
p urfe
r ■ Smirna, Lam ira, Lamires, or Sarchi-
S T »/*, is Gated in 38 deg. o f Latitude,
* partly on the Plain along the Egean Sea,
commonly call’d Archipelago, and partly
on the Hill. It is thought to have been
Founded by the Amazons, in the Year
o f the W orld 3 2 0 3 , or by Tbefeus, as
others will have it. It was once an
Archiepifcopal See, and at prefent is
the Metropolis o f the C ou n try, and
M art of the Eaft, becaufe ftanding in a
nlace bv which the Commodoties of
Europe and Afta muft needs pafs. The
C ity” is not fo famous for the Birth and
Death of Homer , if it be lawful to de-
tide fo antient a controverfie, as it is
Renowned for the Holy Bilhop Policar-
<SL
53 ~
ptti, who writ upon the Myfterious Book
o f the Apocalipfe, or Revelation in Smr~
ha, Ephefus, Pargamo, Thyatira, Phtla-
delpbia, and Laodicea. The corapais of
the Modern City is about four .M iles,
its ihape irre g la r, fomewhat drawing
towards a T ria n g le , who fide next the
Mountain, is longer than either of the
two that lie upon the Sea, and this for
want o f Ground. There is no beauty
in the Buildings, for they are little Ho-
vcls, after the Tkrkjjb fafhion 3 tome of
them very low, and of Mud W alls, te-
built fince the laft Earthquake, which
levell'd the greateft pare o f Smirna 3
but the Xans, as I faid before are mag-
nificent, and coft much Building. _ The
Streets are large, and all the C ity is one
tontinu’d Baz.ar or Fair, where nothing
that can be wilh’d for is wanting, either
for Cloathing, Suite nance, or Pleafure,
becaufe all the beft Commodities o f Eu-
rope and A pa, are brought hither to be
fold at good Rates. Provilions are not
fo cheap as in the other Turkifh Domi-
nions, becaufe ot the great refort o f
Strangers, who amount to above 50000
Souls, between Europeans Chriltians,
Greeks, Armenians, Jew s, 'Turks, and
others. T he Portiscapable o f contain- The Voiti
ing feveral Fleets, in which there are
always hundreds of Ships o f many feve-
ral Nations. T h e four Galleys o f the
place are in the inward Port, defended
by a mean Fort, with few pieces ot Can-
non, and a weak Garrifon. .
There being an antient Caftle, in the
upper part of the City, find to be builc
by the Emprcfs Helen, I went to fee it
on Saturday 28th. Being upon the Hill The Ca-
that commands the C ity, 1 obferv’d on Me.
the left hand, an antient Structure,which
they faid, had been the Palace o f the
Greek Council, when Smirna was the
Metropolis o f Ionia, and the lefier Apa.
Going into the Caftle, at the great Gate,
towards the C ity , I found on the left
hand, a Statue, o f half the Body of the
aforefaid Em prefs, and under it fome
Turkijh Charadters, with a Marble Tomb,
and by it an antient Church, converted
into a Mofch, but all ruin’d , and levc-
ral Marble Pillars lyin g_ about the
Ground. Clofe b y , there is a Defcent
into a place under Ground, in which
there are 24 vaft great Colums that fup-
port certain Vaults-, the bottom of it
being well Pav’d, fhews it was a Ciftern
for the ufe ofthe Caftle. T h e compafs
o f the faid Caftle is almoft a M ile, m
the nature o f an Amphitheater, with
fix plain Tow ers next the C ity 3 the 0-
tners
p
 • g°Cx
111
54 A Voyage round the W O R L D.
( S * A S ) tliers on the oppofite fide being ruin’d.
Gemelli. Within this fpace, there lie many Stones
,6 .9 3 - and Pillars about the Ground, which
fhew there were feveral Dwellings
within it. They fay, St. Solycarpus was
expos’d to be devour’d by Lions, in the
fquare place of this Caftle.
Coming down a-foot from the Hill,
I faw a very antient Fabrick , which
feems to have been a Fort o f the Old
C ity ; whereof on the North-fide, fome
fmall p a r t o f the Walls remain, which
Tim e has not yet demolilh’d. T he New
City is all open.
Cbcfuls. T he Coululs o f France, England, and
Holland, live very great, ‘ in ftately
Houfes upon the Shoar; for that Em-
ployment,in a place of fuch great Trade,
and where there are fo many Rich Mer-
chants, is very profitable.
M onafte- There are three Monafteries for Ad-
rie s / miuiftring the Sacraments to Catholicks;
one o f the Jefuits, another o f Capucins;
who being French, are maintain’d by
their R in g ; and the third o f poor P e-
netian Recolets, who live miferably.
There are feveral other Monafteries o f
tireeks, and Synagogues o f Jews.
G am e. Monday 30th. I went a little way out
o f the City , to divert my felf with
ffiooting, there being abundance o f all
forts o f G am e; as wild Boars, D e e r,
and other wild Bealls, befides Patridges,
Godwits, Thrufhes, D ucks, and innu-
merable Other Birds. This I could do
without any apprehenfion o f the Turks,
becaufe the Pranks have all imaginable
liberty at Smlrna, Cloathing themfelves
after the French or Italian manner, as
they pleaie ; and going about, either
within, or without the City, by W ater,
or by Land, without any Reftraint, or
Moleftation. Fifh is as plentiful as Game,
and the Sea produces as much variety o f
Shell Fifh , as the Land does o f Fruit,
which is extraordinary good and delici-
ous, particularly the Pomgranats, which
are far beyond thole o f N aples, and
whole Sacks full o f them are carry’d to
Conflantinople to fell. This place alfo
produces Scammony, Opium, and Galls.
AH thefe Delights and Pkafures are
allay’d by the uncomfortable Dwelling
there is in that C ity, where the Malig-
nity o f the A ir caufes Peftilential Fe-
vers, but efpecially in the Months o f
May, June, and Ju ly, and the great heat
o f the Summer makes People weary o f
their lives. Add to th is, the frequent
Plagues and Earthquakes, which if they
fail one Y e a r, are fure to be felt the
next, burying the Inhabitants, and fe-
veiling the Houfes.
: . ^ .
<SL
Book 11.
Tuefday the firlt o f December, I went
to fee the four Galleys o f the City,which
are under a Bafft, call’d Commondant;
a Cadi governing the City. I made ufe
o f a Jew for my Interpreter, hireing him
for a fmall matter a d a y ; for the Jews
are in fuch a miferable condition in the
Dominions o f the Mahometans, that they
think themfelves happy to be hir’d ac
any Rate. They eafily fpeak Spanijh,
their Mother Tongue being no other
than a corruption o f that Language; r
and therefore any Man that has this
Tongue, may T ravel through the F u ji, Cuftom-
without any difficulty, there being Jem* Houles.
throughout all T mky and Perfia, that
fei ve as Interpreters at an eafie Rate.
This Jew led me on Wednefday the xd.
to fee the two Cuftom-houfes of :be C ity ;
one a great one, call’d o f the T ra d e ,
where is paid the Duty o f the great quan-
ticy o f Raw Silk the Armenians bring
out o f Perfia, and the Franks Tranfport
into Europe, as alfo Spun Cotton, Ca-
melet, Hides, W ooll, Rubarb, and o-
ther Commodities. T he other Cufiom-
Houfe, which they call o f Stambul, ftand-
. ing in the left Angle o f the bottom o f
the Port, is for the Trade o f Confianti-
nople, Salonichi, and other places o f
Turky. They are both eafier than ours
in Europe; for there my Trunks were
open’d, and look’d into, no farther than
the to p , and that very civilly ; but in
Syria, I found them fevere, examining V'
every thing in a very ill manner,
Going to hear Mafs, on Thurfday 3d.'
at the Church o f S. Anthony, o f the Re-
cdlets; I faw they carry’d a C orps, in
Proceffion with a Crois on high before
it, and the Religious Men in Surplices,
as is us’d in Italy, which the Turks do
not allow elfewhere. Being to go to
Confiaminople, and wanting a P afs, [
went on Friday 4th. to the Englifh C011-
fu l; and beginning to tell him , that I
was o f the Kingdom o f Naples, and a
Subject o f his Catholick M ajefty, who
was then in Alliance with England , he
would not allow me to proceed, under­
Handing what it was I defir’d ; but in-
terrupting me in a haughty manner,
faid , I can grant no Protection; and
have you a care o f the French Confhl,,
left he knowing yon are a Neapolitan,
put the Turks upon doing you forne dif-
kindnefs. Perceiving by his way o f talk-
in g , that he would not eafily be pra-
vail’d upon to alter his mind; 1 took
my leave, and going to'the Dutch Con-
ful, had the fame anfwer. N ot know-
ing what to d o , I went to the French
* Gonfui
111 ' <SL
cEpt fTU R K Y . .
O
.*—..■ "" '" t ! * * »:'* f ■ ' ' i .. ' ** A
Cs*M S\ Conful, and telling him very plainly . Tut{day 8th, I went .to the Jefuits
Gemetli. who, and what Country-Man I was, and Church to take the Advice o f a Friend
1693. that I defir’d a Pals for Conftantmople, he concerning my Voyage- The Church
C / v S j very civilly granted it. was finiflrd, but the Houfe orM ona-
Saturday 5th, the great Rain kept me ftery was then Building 3 the Fathers in
from feeing any thing. Sunday 6th, the mean while living in boarded Rooms,
going to the Xan, to look for my JewiJh T hey are allow’d for their Maintenance
Interpreter, a Servant o f the Caragi to receive 50 Piaftres o f every Vellel
Bajfia, or chief o f the Receivers o f the that comes in under French Colours.
Taxes ask’d me, whether I was a Penn- Wednefday 9th, I Din’d with Monfleur
guefe, meaning whether I was a Jew ■, Ripera, with whom I left my Luggage
and I telling him I was not, he would till my Return. Thursday 10th, in the
not believe me, but carry’d me before Morning, the A ga o f Seyde came to fee
his Mailer, who having ask'd the fame me, and having treated him with Gho-
Queftion, and I anfwering that I was a colate, the Brute, who had never tailed
French-Man, and Tax-free, he would fuch Liquor, whether that or the fumes
have a Pledge o f me, which the Conful o f Tobacco dilturb’d his Head, com-
foon caus’d him to reftore. plain’d grievotifly o f me, faying I had
Three Ships o f Ragufa were under given him a lbrt o f Liquor to make him
Sail upon Monday 7th,0 lor Leghorn, but M ad; and had his Diftemper continu’d,
the French Conful Hopp’d them, upon 1 had fufier’d as I deferv'd for giving
Pretence they brought Englijh and Lutch Chocolate to an Aft. He laid he was
Cloaths from thence to Smirna but 0- Grandfou to the Vilier kupurli, and flat-
thers faid he would have had 1000 Via- ter’d himfelf with the hopes o f riling to
fires o f each to Difcharge them, where- that Dignity, as if there went nothing
o f they fent their Complaints to the to the obtaining o f it, but being Grand-
French Embaffador, but what the Event fon to the other,
was I know not.

CHAP. II.

The Author's Voyage to Adrianople, with the Uefcriptiori of that City, as

dfo of the IJles of Tenedos, and Mytilene, and the City of Gallipoli.

F
Ryday 1 1 th, the Weather being fair, in the Archipelago is more famous 3 for
I took leave o f my Friends, and bar- it was the Country o f Pittacus, one o f
gaining for my Paflage Aboard a Turkijb the feven wife Men o f Greece, o f the
Vellel call’d a Chiamber, Imbark’d on Learned Sappho, o f Arion the Muficiafl,
Saturday at Night, paying for a Cabbin and o f other renowned Men. The
a-part, that I might be feparate from Metropolitan C ity is feated on the N .
thofc Scoundrels. About midnight we E. fide, on a Rock, which butting into
Sail’d with a fair W ind. the Sea, makes two leveral Ports. That
Sunday 1 3th, two Hours before Sun- on the Eaft-lide ferves for the Galleys,
fet, we found our felves oppofite to, and and there were two in it j the other for
two Miles from the Fortrefs o f Foggia, all Ibrts o f Ships. They are both de­
feated on that Point o f Land, which is fended by a Caflleon the Hill, and ana-
on the Left, entring the Bay o f Smirna, ther Fort at the foot o f it, looking to-
which is 40 Miles in length, and this wards the W ell,
fecures the Entrance into the Port o f T he Houfes o f the City are low, and
that City, Handing at the bottom o f the Inhabited by Turks and Greeks \ yet
Bay. T his Foggia is Email, but wall’d, there is an excellent Bazjtr or Market,
and defended by a Caftle. W e arriv’d T he fertile Soil produces good W ine,
at Metellin about Night, and Landed and all Things elfe necefiary to live well,
there, having Sail’d 80 Miles. This Bland was taken by Mahomet If.
tMeteiiin MetelUn, or Mitylene, antiently known in the Year 1464.
liland. by the Names o f Lesbos, Homme and Monday 14th, we weighed Anchor
M ac aria, is call’d by the Turks M edilli, five Hours before Day, and let out with
and is 360 Miles in Compafs. No Bland little W ind, which prov’d contrary A f-
> '' ter

g j§ 57
|( t ) |
I N'S\W^
--:---- ----- ---------------------- ---- *---» -'™■ -
56 A Voyage round the W O R L D .
rv_A_x^ ter Noon. A t Sun-fet we pafs’d the
CemellL Streight o f Baba, which is five or fix
!^ 93 - Miles over, made by the Weftermoft
X f° Y S J Point o f thelfland o f Metellin, and Cape
Baba on the Continent o f Natalia. It
was call’d Baba, as they told rne, in
Memory o f an old Man Bury’d there,
who, whilft he L iv ’d, gave the Turfy
Notiee, whether there were any Chri-
ilian Privatiers either within the Streight
o r without. About two Hours after
Night we came to an Anchor in an open
Road beyond the Caftle o f the Town o f
Molova, having run 60 Miles.
tryRuins* Twfday 1 5 th, four Hours before Day
we Sail’d again, the Turk not daring
to keep out at Night for fear o f Pyrates,
and not for want o f Wind. T he good
W eather continuing, two Hours before
Sun-fet we pafs’d between the Ifland of
Tenedos, or Bofciada, as the Turks call
it, and the Continent o f Natolia, ha-
ving fun 50 Miles. T he Ruins o f old
Troy were to be feen clofe by, infomuch
that the Wind ceafing, I caus’d my felf
to be fet alhore, to divert my felf,
viewing the Remains o f that famous
Place. I found for above a Mile along
the Coaft white Marble Stones, and Co-
lumns both Handing and fallen ; which
appear to have belong’ d to the Port,
and walking above a Mile up the Coun-
tr y , among the Trees, faw old Stru-
ftures, all of Free-Stone, fome Hand-
in g, fome fallen. I alio law a large
fquare T ow er o f great Stones, which
had fome fmafl Windows about the firft
Cornifli, and the Roof was round, by
which I judg’d it in antient Tim es to
have been a Temple. I went no fur-
ther, becaufe the Rais, or Mafter, would
allow me no more Time ; who told me,
that for a Days Journy up the Country,
there were all along fuch ruin’d Stru-
ftures, and good Marble lying about,
,The Turks call it old Cenflantinoplc.
Thefe Mahometans never negleft to
fay their Prayers fjve times a D a y ; the
firft at break o f D ay, the fecond at
Noon, the third about Evening, the
fourth at Night-fall, and the fifth two
Hours after N ight, only altering the
third in Summer which begins fooner.
Every one Prays by himfelf, kneeling
4 on aCloath, and facing towards M ecca;
but when they are in Tow ns, they all
go to the Mofch, one o f their Priefts
calling them with frightful Cries from
the top o f a Steeple.
tenedos The W ind frelhning, w e put into
Ifland. the lfland o f Tenedos, that fame Day.
T his Ifland formerly call’ d Leucophris,
* tween
<SL
n,„ , «...__ ___________________
Book 11.
and Lyrnejfus, and now by the Turks
Bofciada, is one o f the inoft Notherlv
in the Archipelago towards Afta. It was
very Populous and Rich in the Reigns
of the Rings Priam and Laomedon. R
is famous among W riters for the Greeks
lying conceal’d there in the Trojan W ar -
and for the Differences between the Ve-
netims and Genoefes about the Pofleflion
o f it. T he middle o f the Ifland is plain,
the Edges Mountainous, and produce
good Muskadine Wines. Its Compafs
is 50 Miles, wherein there are feveral
Villages, and the chief C ity o f the
fame Name Itands at the foot o f a Mosn-
tain in the Eaft Angle o f the Ifland
looking towards the Dardanels from
which it is but 18 Miles diftant! It is
none o f the meaneft Cities in the A rchi-
pflago, and was famous among the A n-
tients, for a Tem ple near it Dedicated
to the God Neptune, to which the N a-
tions far and near made their Vows and
feat Offerings. It is open, but large
its low Houfes Inhabited by Greeks and
Turks, reaching to the foot o f the Hill
and along the Sea-Ihore. T h e Caftle
that commands it, built on the Point o f
a Rock, has many Dwellings o f Turks
and Garrifon Soldiers within the W alls!
T he fame Caftle fecures the Port which
is very good and capacious enough for
a F le e t; the two Galleys o f Rhodes w ere
then there under the Command of A m -
mazxA-mamma.
N ot far from Tenedos, is an Ifland M lfla tl.
twice as big as it, call’d Tojfi, and in
the Turkijh Language Himbros, in which
Greeks live, who pay Tribute both to
the Turks and Venetians.
Wednefday 16 th, at Night it Rain’d Forf
hard, which was bad for the Paflengers tring the
that lay upon the D eck ; but at break E trim ls.
o f Day the Weather clear’d up, and
the W ind came up fair to enter th eD ar-
danels; which made the drowfy Rais or
Mafter, weigh Anchor, after he 'had
lain a Night in Port, as i f he had been
to Row in a Boat. The W ind fail’d in
fight o f the Village o f Ghiaurcbivij, in
Afta, three Miles from the Ehtrance o f
the Dardanels •, fo that they were forced
to Row the Chiamber with 20 Oars be-
yond the Caftle o f Natolia, by the Turks
call’d Aradolijfar. Oppofite to it is the
other the Turks callV rm eli-Jffar, that is
the Caftle o f Romelia, becaufe feated in
that Province. Thefe Forts are Built
not long fince to fecure the Entrance o f
the Streight, which being 12 Miles di-
ftant from one another, cannot obftruft
the Paflage o f Ships that w ill pals be-
' . .V- f ...’ •
■4 / \>\
f(f)| ' 1
H
IM
I~—
11 1|-1!■ I IIIIIUHI I -- — ...... '
Chap, il.______ Of T U R K Y.
C \ j^ n tween them in the middle. T hat on
Gem tilt, the Afian tide b feated on a Plain, with
16 9 3. two Baltions parallel to the Entrance,
t/-VV» and two to the Streight, all furnifh’d
with heavy Cannon 3 as is the Curtin,
on which there are at leaft 60 Pieces,
befides fmail ones planted on the upper
Part. There is in it a Garriion o f 500
Soldiers, as I was told, who live partly
in the Caftle, and partly in feveral little
Houfes without it 3 the Village o f the
Greets is on the top o f the Hill. T hat
of Romelia ftands on the Clifs o f a Hill,
reaching over a great part of it with
good Buildings. In the midfi; Of it are
the Houles o f the Commandant, and 0-
Cher Turks, with a Mofch and Magazine.
T hat fide, towards the Streight, has as
many Baftsons as the other in Natolia,
and Built after the fame Form 3 but it
has two others on the Land-fide, and is
not inferior to the other for goodnefs,
or number o f Cannon. The Village o f
the fame Name is on the top o f the
Hill.
Seftus and ThurfU y 17th, we fet Sail 3 Hours
Abjias. before D ay, with a good North-wind,
which before Noon brought our Chiam-
her between the two other Forts by the
Ancients rail’d Seftus and Abydus 3 which
being in the narroweft part o f the
Channel, but two Miles diftant, do fo
fecure the Paflage, that it would be dan-
gerous to attempt palling without the
Turks Confent Abydus, feated In N a-
tolU, is fironger and better than the
other, becaufe it has fix Baltions on the
three fides that fecure the Streight, with
about 30 heavy Pieces o f Cannon on
them, befides the fmail Ones on the up-
per Port. In the middle is a good Bui-
wark, and about it a deep Ditch with
a Draw-bridge. T h e Neighbouring
T ow n is not W all’d, and is unwholfome
in Summer, by reafon o f the bad W a-
ter 3 yet there is a French Conful, ap-
pointed by the Ambaflador that refides
at the Port. T h e other Caftle in So-
melia is not fo regular as this, by rca-
fon o f the uneavennefs of the Ground
it is Built on 3 but it has a Baftion at
the Angle that points towards the other
Caftles 3 in the midft a Place to retire
to, defended by a large and well built
Bulwark 3 and three little Tow ers on
the Land-fide, with a long Curtin on the
Streight. As for Cannon, it has as
much as the other 3 and befides one
Piece o f fuch a prodigious Bignefs, that
a Man may lit in it. T he Houfes o f
the Turks are between the W all ot the
Fort, and another at a diftance on that
V ol. IV.
.... 1 'iliirti*Utirn - ...............................................................................................................................................—
' ““ .... IM.M—■rtT.r^W.l*— ■fw .....lll.1 -- - -----
_ __ 57_
fide, that looks towards the New Ca-
files. T h e top o f the Hill is adorn’d
by Ai t with good Houfes, and by nature
furnifh’d with good W ater, a fertile
Soil, and excellent A ir.
T h e Rais having Landed lome Bales
o f Sope, we held on our Courfe, leav-
ing behind us after three Miles Sailing,
Aiaidas, a good Tow n on the Shore o f
Romelia, abounding in W ine 3 which
the French Merchants ufe to Buy cheap,
being about three Pints for a half Pen-
ny. Nine Miles further is the antient
City o f Schie-Stambul, the firfl the Turks
took when they drove away the Chri-
ftians, and made chemfei ves Mailers o f
Conftantinople3 nothing remains o f it at
prelent but a ruinous Caftle.^ T o con-
elude, we A rriv’d at the City Gallipoli
before Sun-fet, it being 30 Miles from
the two Caftles. I admir’d the won-
ders of Nature in Sailing through this
Streight, for in fome Places it is but
three Miles over, in others ten, and in
the wide ft thirty, fir etching 300 Miles
in length to the Black Sea, and much
differing in all Parts where its W aters
have a rapid Courfe.
Being Landed, I went to the French
Vicc-Gonful’s, to procure lome fafe way
o f Travelling to the Court o f A dria-
mple. He would not permit me to
Lodge any where butTi his own Hoiife 3
which I willingly accepted, rather than
lie on the Ground in a CofFee-Houfe3
there being no Xany in Gallipoli. He
gave me an excellent Supper, and good
Bed, which I had need of, having had
five bad Nights at Sea 3 but he being a
Jew , and Rabbi, and consequently Learn-
ed, and a pandual Obfcrver o f the He-
brew Super ft itions 3 I could not conform
to his Pharifaical way o f Living, as to
the manner o f Eating. He would ne-
ver allow me to cut the Bread with my
own Knife but with his 3 and what made
me Laugh moll was, that he made no
other ufe o f thofe Knives he cut the
Meat with 3 and they were all to be
fpotlefs. As for my Journy, he laid, i f
I had A rriv’d one Day fooner, I might
have gone with a Janizary, who carry’d
fome Letters from the King o f France
to the Embaflador, deliver’d to him by
a French Captain, who was come from
Marfeilles in 24 Days 3 however he
would ufe all his Endeavours, to get
me a fecure Paflage 3 fince l had refus’d
to go Aboard the faid Velfd to Conftan-
tinople, being very defirous firlt to fee
the Ottoman Court.
H Gallipoli,
.v<..~
\ 1 ) 1
N's\^v
^3 A Voyage round the VV O R L D .
r v A - 'l Gallipoli, in the T wkijh Language call’d
Gemelli. Jebbole, feated in 42 Degrees of L ad-
16 9 3. tude, is a City three Miles in Compafs,
D "V N J feated in Romelia, towards the W eft,
GaUipoli It ^ nQt - and the Houfes tho’
Clty* low , are o f Free-Stone, and have good
pleafant Gardens. Formerly there was
a Fort on the Hill, which commanded
the Port but it went to Ruin through
the Lazinefs o f the Turks. Onthefides
o f the Mole were alfo the A rfends, one
on the Right to fecure three Galleys,
and the other on the Left for twelve,
where the Vice-Conful told me the Turks
laid up their Galleys that efcap’d the
Havock a Venetian Ship made among
them at the Mouth o f the Streight,
which Rotted away there. T he Arches
are now fallen down, and only the W alls
are ftanding. There is a good Exchange
cover’d with Lead, with feveral little
Cupulas, which is let to Traders by the
Governours o f a Mofch. The Inhabi-
tantsof this City are about 6000, Greeks,
grems and Turks, whofe greateft Em -
ployment is to make excellent Arrows,
It is a Place o f great T rad e, by reafon
o f its convenient Situation, being in
the way to Confiantinople, and Adriano-
pie • infomuch, that the Baffa, who G o-
verns it, makes about 1000 Piaftres a
Year o f i t ; belides the Profits o f the
Cadi, A ga, and other Officers. T h is
C ity form erly was the Out-let for Plea-
fure to an antient C ity feated oppofite
to it in A fia , whereof nothing remains
at prefent, but the Ruins on the Shore
and Hill where afterwards a little C ity
call’d Lapfic was Eredted. Gallipoli has
plenty o f Corn, W ine and Fruit, efpe-
cially excellent W inter Melons, o f
which 1 bought Nine very good ones
fe r three Carlines o f Naples Mony 3 a-
bout Eighteen Pence Englijh. T heC oun -
try wants for no Game, as Deer, Hares,
Partridges, Ducks, and other Fowl,
T h e Baz.ar, or Market o f the City is
very large, and better furnilh’d than that
o f Alexandria, there being variety o f
Commodities, o f Artifts, and Handi-
crafts, each in their proper Place.
Raphael, Son to Simon the Vice-Con-
ful, us’d all his Endeavours on Friday
1 8th, to find fome fafe Conveniency for
me to T ra vel to Adrianople, but could
neither meet with the Caravan, that ufes
to carry Silk, nor any other Company
that I might go with, free from the
Danger o f the Janizaries, who return-
ing from the W ar to their W inter
Quarters in Natalia fcatter on the Road,
to Rob and Murder all they meet. In
6 t>
§L
Book li.
the mean while the Xaxan, or Rabbi,
perfwaded me to take the way o f Con-
fiantinople, or Rodefionj and he would
give me his Letter, which would ren-
der the W ay eailer and fafer 3 but this
did not make me alter my Refolution.
He was fo much concern'd about the
Safety o f my Journy, becaufe I had fig-
nify’d to him, that I was fent by the
Merchants o f Marfeilles with Letters o f
great Moment to the Embaftador. It
mull not be thought ftrange I Ihauld
fometimes make my advantage o f a Lye
for being in a Country o f Barbarians,
who are Enemies to Chriftianity, and in
time o f W ar, it was necelfary to Coun-
terfeit, change my Habit, difown my
Country, and pretend other Bufinefs to
prevent lofing my Baggage and Liberty,
The Turks are very jealous, and eafily
wrong a Frank, when he is too open,
and has not W ords to Ihift the Danger
that Threatens him.
W hilft 1 was contriving for my Jour-
ny, good Fortune ordain’d that a Coach
came, which was returning empty to
Jdrianople therefore fending for the
Coach-man, by an Armenian that was
to go the fame way, I agreed to give
him a Zecchine for my felf, and a P ia-
fire for my Servant. Then carrying
him before the Conful, to ask his Opi-
nion whether I might go lafely, he faid
I might, becaufe the Coach-man was a
Bulgarian Chriftian, o f the Country o f
Fehbe, four Days Journy from A dria -
nople, and known for having made leve-
ral Journys to Gallipoli. A fter which,
the Bargain being ratify’d, the Bulga-
rian gave me ten Tara’s earneft, con-
trary to the Cuftom o f Italy, where
the Coach-m an gives not, but re­
ceives.
In the mean while, the Conful took
care to make much o f me 3 he being
well to Pafs, and having many Slaves,
and Italian Furniture; fo that after a
good Dinner at Noon, he gave me a
plentiful Supper at N ight, o f Fiffi for
me, and Fleffi for himfelf, without omit-
ting his Jewifit Superftitions in Eating,
as well in Praying, as not allowing me
to cut the Bread. Finding the Melons
better than thofe o f Parabita, in the
Kingdom o f Naples, I laid in a Stock o f
them on Saturday 1 9th, after which the
Rabbi took his Leave o f me to go to the
Synagogue or School; defiring me to
Excufe him, that he did not bear me
Company, and to give his Refpe&s to
the Emballador, believing I was a great
Friend o f his. In the mean while, the
Armenian
A ° y ^ \ V \ -
1 1 1 <SL
• ............................................................................................ .......................
Chap.II.
Armenian haftned me, becaufe the Bid-
CemelU. gnrian was ready, and might go without
15^ 3. us, fo that I was in great Trouble to
U ' W get my Baggage carry’d, it being Satnr-
day., when no Jew would carry it, the
Turks being above that Employment-
M y Servant and the Armenian fupply’d
this W ant, carrying it to the Xan,
where the Bulgarian was with the Coach
ready. Getting into it, we T ravell’d
thro’ a plain and well cultivated Coun-
try, with now and then a pleafant Email
riling Ground, ftill keeping the Streight
on our right Hand. W e left Buleyr, a
*■ great T ow n behind us, having Rode 14
Miles, and lay that Night at Cant, the
fame number o f Miles further. T he
Xans, or Caravanferas in Tnrky, are no-
thing but long Stables, in the mid/t
whereof the Horfes fland, and on the
lides fomewhut higher, their Mailers,
who are to provide themfelves with
Meat; and Drefs it. There is this Con-
veniency in it, that a Man is not 1m-
pos’d upon by his Hoft, as is done in
Chriftendom for the Lodging is given
Gratis, being Legacies left by Turks,
for the good o f their SOuls. A Ja m -
zary that came afoot Affifted me in all
I wanted, making my Bed with Mats,
and. keeping a Fire all Night to warm
the cold Room. T rue it is, l could not
Sleep for his Prating and Smoaking with
three Spahies his Friends.
Sunday 20th, we took Coach before
D ay, and T ravefl’d a plain Road thro
a cultivated Country ten Miles to the
Village o f Juligia-MuJJitrma ■, after which
we entred many Mountains cover’d with
fmall T rees fit for nothing. Having
drove eight Miles o f this way, we came
again into the Plain, and went (even Miles
further to reft at M algara.
lMga.ru T his is a City feated at the foot, o f a
citY’ Mountain* containing about 10000 Souls
Turks, Armenians and Greeks, under the
Government o f a Baffa, to whom 300
Villages about it are Subject. Here are
feven Mofths cover’d with Lead and a
large Place enclos’d with fix Cupulas,
which ferves for an Exchange, or Bazar
o f the richeft Commodities. Had it not
' been for the Mountain, we had that Day
T ra vell’d forty Miles, for the Bulgarian
kept his Horfes to a round Trot. But
I not being us’d to fit after the Turkijh
falhion, with my Legs acrofs like a Sai-
lor, fuffer’d much in that Coach without
Seats, and fo contriv’d that any Euro-
pean would have found it very uneafie.
A t N ight we lay as before, for nothing,
la a Xan, or Curavanfera with our Horfes.
Vol. IV.
♦
\ «
-______________________ (
0/ T U R K Y. _ _
Monday 2 t ft, we let out an Hour be-
fore D ay, Travelling over a plain Coun-
try but little cultivated, and at the end
o f twenty Miles, came to the Village o f
Arm anli, and going twenty Miles further £
flay’d at Night in the Village o f Cafrn-
chinpri; near which is a famous Bridge A long
with 164 Stone-Arches two Miles in Bridge,
length, over the River and Morafs o f
Cogbine. T his River is as wide as the
Voltnmo o f Capita, in the Kingdom o f
Naples, and its Channel being too Email,
it often over-flows,
Tuefday iz d , I walk’d over the Bridge,
and thought its Stru&ure as remarkible
as its length. Then we advanced four
Miles along a deep Chalky way, where
the Horfes had much Difficulty to D raw,
It being Night, and feeing the Bulgarian,
who would -go no further, talk in Pri-
vate with a Janizary, made me fufpett
fome Treachery •, but the Jam zary lee-
ing me with my Gun in my Hand went
his way, and we at break o f day conri-
nu’d our Journey with a Caravan o f Ca-.
mels. W e met feveral Companies o f
Janizaries, in 30 Miles we had to T ra -
v e l, the way all along good, and the
Country little cultivated for want o f
People, and at laft came towards E -
vening to Adrianople.
Orefiejit, Orejle, or ftfcudantd in for- AdrimpU
mer times, now in Our Language A d ri- City,
ample, from the Emperor A drian, and
in the Tstrki{b A drin e, is feated in 43
deg. of Latitude. It ftands in fo plea-
fane a Country, that Amurat the Turk-
^ E m p e r o r , leaving Burf a , remov’d
his Imperial Court thither, and fome
o f his SuccefTors continu’d it, fo that it
was not only fupported, but the num ■
ber o f its Inhabitants increas’d : Its com-
pafs is between 7 and 8 M iles, includ-
ing the old City and feveral Gardens.
There is nothing beautiful in i t , the
lioufes being lo w , built o f W ood and
Clay, and fome o f Brick, and the Streets
fo d irty , that A Man muft wear Boots
in W inter ; fo that it looks more like
a great Village than a City. T here is
no doubt but the Ottoman Emperors have
made k much more Populous, as appears
by the increafe o f its Buildings *, for the
old C ity where they Dwelt before the
taking o f Confiantinople was much lefs.
I told in the compafs o f its W ad , from
the Stru&ure call’d A li Bajfa, to the
Gate o f Aiagnajiap/s, that is, the Gate o f
the R iver, only 24 Towers, fomeftand-
ing, fome fallen, and very near to one ,
another, which /hews the fmallnefs o f
the Place. The reft o f the W all being
H 2 fallen,
6 ! "
/A y — < V \
|( 1 1
.« fy
6o A Voyage round the W O R L D,
( X -A - ^ fallen, the Turks take no care to R e-
Gemelli. build i t , and fo leave all Adrianople
1693* open.
Several W aters encompafs the C it y ,
but the chief o f them are the three R i-
vers Tm gia, over which there are three
Stone-Bridges, A rda and M trici, and
there are fome Hills that command it
on the Eaft-fide. It is Inhabited by
Greeks, Jew s, Armenians, Turks, Tala-
cbians, and other N ation s•, but the
Number is not always the fame, for in
W inter there are many Soldiers that re-
turn from the W ar -, however, little
more or lefs, they are about 100000.
It is dear Living there, becaufe molt
Things are brought far. T h e A ir, as
has been faid, is wholfome, and the
Country delightful, efpecially in Sum-
mer, becaufe o f the green Fields and
Gardens water’d by fo many Streams •,
and in W inter for plenty o f Game. For
the moll part the Streets are fet out
with good Shops, cover’d with Boards,
after fuch a manner that there is Light
enough comes in at the fides. T h e great-
eft part o f the City is on a Flat, the reft
in Valleys and on Hills, which makes
it fo D irty.
I was hard put to it that N ight to get
a Room , and had not a French-Man
given me one that belong’d to another,
that was then in Constantinople, I muft
have.lain in the S treet3 becaufe there
are not Lodgings enough for every Bo-
dy in the City, and what few there
w ere, the Soldiers had taken up, that
ftay’d with the Emperor after the Cam-
pagne.
Wednefday 23d, I went to pay my R e-
fpe&s to the French Ambaflador, who
L iv ’d beyond the Bridge and Village o f
Jenim aret, two Miles from my Lodging,
and near the Grand SignioTs Seraglio,
call’d by the Turks Serrayovafi. He re-
ceiv'd me very Courteoufly, and offer’d
me his Prote&ion, which I had need o f
in that barbarous, and falfe Country,
A fte r Dinner I went to fee a wonderful
Exchange, half a Mile in length, call’d
AU Bajfa, taking the Name o f the Foun-
der. It is a vaft Arch with fix Gates,
and 365 rich Shops on both fides, fur-
niffid with all forts o f rich Goods, in-
eluding thofe that are under the Arch o f
the great Gate. Thefe are kept by Turks,
Jew s, Armenians and Greeks, who pay
five Piaftres a Month for each Shop to
the Founders Heirs, or fuch as have
Purchas’d them, and half a Piaftre to
the Mofcb of T ?cerfeli, granted by the
Grand Signior, to Whom it belong’d.
} ,
* / |
s~>t
m
§L
Book II.
Near this Exchange is the Street call’d
Seraci, full o f good Shops o f all forts o f
Commodities, which afford a delightful
Sight for a Mile in length. It is co-
ver’d with Boards laid one over ano-
ther, with fmall Holes on the fides to let
in the Light.
T akin g a Jew along with me on Thurf- Sei;m>*
day 24th, I went to fee Sultan Selim s Mokh,
M ofcb, fo call’d becaufe Built by him,
which Handing on the fide o f a Hill that
is in the midft o f the C ity, expofes its
magnificent Stru&ure to be admir’d on
all lides. There are four Gates to the
firlt fpacious Place about the Mofcb, and
three others to the inner, cover’d with
13 Leaded Cupulas, and fupported by
16 good Marble Pillars like a Cloifter,
among which there are four Green ones
before the Gate o f the Mofcb. In the
midft o f this Cloifter is a good Marble
Fountain, for thofe that go in to
Pray, to W alh them, after the Turkijb
fafhion. T here are five Gates to the
M ofcb, two whereof are lhut, being the
way into the Grand Senior’s Seats; the •
others open for all People. Eight
large Columns fupport the Cupula in the
middle, and twelve Arches, on which
the other eight Cupulas reft, all full o f
Arabick Charafters. About it are G a l-
leries fupported by Marble Pillars, and
furrounded with Bannifters below. A S
the Pavement is cover’d with good Car-
pets, and from the Arches hang five
great Iron Rings, or Branches with a
vaft multitude o f Lamps after their fa-
Ihion. In the midft o f the M ofcb was a
great fquare Scaffold rais’d eight Spans
above the Ground, and enclos’d with
W ooden Bannifters, as I fuppofe, for
the Mullah, or Mahometan Prieft, near
which was a Fountain. T h e other En-
clofure or Tribune, which belongs to
the Grand Signior, on the right o f the
principal Nich, which we Ihould call the
high A ltar, is enclos’d with Lettices,
and eight Spans above the Ground. On
the left was a handfome Stone Pulpit,
and oppofite to it feveral little Chairs
for the Mullahs. T h e Cupulas we have
fpoken o f are cover’d with Lead, and
look glorious when the Sun Alines on
them. T he Apartments o f thofe that
ferve are anfwerable to the Grandeur o f
this M ofcb; as are four ftately T ow ers
at the Angles, o f different W orkman-
lhip and o f Stone, very high, which af-
ford a noble Profpeft at a diftance. I
went up one o f them, which is on the
fide o f the great Gate, to behold how
artificially it is Built, having never feen
the
f\%2/~--
(f)|
' . . . .
Chap. IL 0/ T II R K Y *
the like in my Days for going in at
Cemelli. one only Gate it has, I found three Stair-
1693. cafes, one o f which leads to the firft, the
W v 0£{jer t0 the fecond, and the other to
the third Story o f the T ow er •, in fuch
manner that three levcral Perfons may
go up rounding the T ow er at once,
without ever meeting one another j and
i f they will pafs through other Doors
to the other Stair-cafes, they may. T he
Surveyor that contriv’d it was one o f
the beft in Europe, and the Contrivance
is worth feeing.
xrdkim i 1 went thence to fee the Mofch Efchi-
Mofch. giam i, that is, the old Mofch■ It has
two high Tow ers o f Free-done, and
about it eight Cupulas cover’d with Lead,
befides the great one in the middle. It
has no Court, or Fountain like the red ■,
but fix large Pillars before the great
Gate to fnpport the Roof, and five A r-
ches. Within, there are three W ings
fupported by four fijuare Columns, and
. about it Galleries o f Wood above, and
Marble below. T he Pavement is like
the other, cover’d with Carpets, and thb
Pulpit and Tribune for the Grand % -
tiior is after the fame manner; for all
Mofihs are alike within, having a Nich
made in the W all, and many Lamps
hanging.
The Bifi- Going thence, I went into the B ifi-
(len. p n , which is clofe by, a Place cover’d,
and fuftain’d by large Pillars, forming
two Rows in the middle, where there
are about 200 rich Shops o f Cloth o f
G o ld , and Silver, Scimiters, Piftols,
Saddles, Bridles, Stirrups, and other
Furniture o f Gold and Silver fet with
jew els, for acompleatHorfeman. Thefe
Shops alfo pay two fta p e s a Month to
the Owners, and half a one to the afore-
faid Mofch Echigidmi, by Grant, from the
Grand Signior. ‘ ft was ahnoftNoon, and
I heard a difagrceable fort o f Mufick
founding in this rich Place, and a nrfl-
titude o f Turks anlwer it in a barbarous
manner, and asking the Jew what it
meant, he told me they were praying
for the Grand Signior. Adjoining to this
Exchange, are the Shops o f the Silver-
' fraiths and Goldfiniths in a long cover’d
Street
Vccerfalii A fter Dinner I went with the Jew to
Mofch. 3 the Mofch o f Vccerfali, without being
hindred by four Mullahs that were pray-
ing in it. J This has only one Court or
Cloifter about it, out o f which three
Gates lead into' the Mofch, where is a
Gallery fuftain’d by twelve good Pillars^
o f green Marble •, befides fix white ones
bigger than the others, which at e before
*
*
, *
Cj
< 81/
. ‘
6i
the aforclaid Gates. T he R oof is co-
ver'd with fifteen handfome CupttUs Lead-
ed over. At the four outward Angles
o f the Mofch, are. four high Towers o f
Free*done, and in die midft o f the
Cloiiter a curious Fountain for the Turks
to Wafh in. On the inlide it has five
Cupulas, four at the Angles, and a great
one in the middle held up by t wo great
Columns, all painted with J r d ic k Cha-
raQers. In the middle many Lamps
hang, according to their Cuftom, and
on the left of the Mich is a Marble Pul-
pity and on the right a high Tribune
enclos’d with Lettices for the Grand
Signior, and another on the left clofe
to the Pillar, but without Lettices.
The Floor was cover’d with good Car-
pets.
Thence l went to view the Grand Vifier'sPa-
F ifer's Palace ; where I found nothing lace,
fuitable to his great Pod, but only a
convenient Dwelling after the Turksjfs
fafhion. W e went firft into a great
Court, in which were the Stables and
Officers belonging to them. W e pafs’d
out o f that into another, in the midffc
whereof was a Fountain, and feveral
Perfons on Horfe-back, who attended
that great Miuifter. A t the Front o f
this Court was a long S o p , or Place a
little rais’d, where many Perfons flood
expecting Audience. W e could not g o
into the Lodgings, and therefore turtrd
back.
By the v/ay we met a Bride condufte
ing to her Bridegroom. Fifty T u rT
rode on Horfe-back two and two, and
after them came the Bridegroom on the
left, which is the ajmer Hand among
the Turks y then follow'd the Bride in a
clofe Coach, with two others following
for State. A little further I met the
French Ambafiador going home upon a
Dun Horfe, follow’d hy eight Footmen,
dad in Red, two Gentlemen in Blew,
and four Janizm es all a-Foot.
A t laft the Jftw h ;J me to one o f
their Schools, before which there were
many Women holding tlieir Children
by the Hand. Going io I few abundance
o f Garments hanging about it, and fix
Perfons playing upon Inftruments. T h ey
told me they gave every Year about
that time 500 Suits o f Cloaths to poor
Scholars o f their Religion, which cofts
the Publick 2000 Crowns •, and I adfu-
ally faw feveral Scholars new Clad from
Head to Foot in my Prefence.
Friday 25th, being Chrijlmas-Day, I TheGrand
went to hear M3fs, and receive the Blef- Smuef%
fed Sacrament in the Church o f the Ra-
gufians,
( '( t j
X^? .■*$&*/
52 ^ Voyage round the W O i\ L D,
f V A / > Mfimx, in the old City, whither a C*-
Gemelli. m ein, Chaplain to the French Ambafla-
16 9 3. dor came to fay the Mafs, there being
no more Catholick Prlefts. Friday, be-
ine the Turkijh Feftival, on which the
Grand Sirnior goes to the Mofch, as has
been obierv’d before, after performing
my Devotions I went to fee him •, but
found he was already got into the Mofch
o f Sultan Selim, and therefore waited
two Hours to fee him come out. In
the mean while I obferv'd his Coach and
Retinue. It was all of Wood gilt on all
lides, with wooden Lettices open every
way but behind. Inftead o f Leather it
d s cover’d with fine Red Cloth, and
lin’d with Yellow Silk, with Sprigs o f
Gold, turn’d up, fo that all the W ood
appear’d, and on each fide was fixteen
Silver Nobs gilt for Ornament. It be-
ing high from the Ground, there was a
little Silver Ladder o f three Steps to
go up to it. Six W hite Horfes drew
it, on the firft whereof, and the third
on the left, fat the Coach-man and Po-
ftillion. In a W ord, it was a Coach
fit for any private Gentleman in Raly,
even the Horfes being but very indiffe-
rent 3 but within there were fome Quilts
or Coverlets folded tor two to fit on
Crofs-Legg’d, and more it would not
hold. As for the Attendance there were
in the Court 200 Janizaries with their
high Caps worn upon folemn Occafions,
made o f white Felt, three Spans long,
and one and a half broad, which falling
down upon the Back, end in two Points 3
but before, to keep them upright on
the Forehead, there is a Silver Plate
handfomly W rought and G ilt, faftned
on a piece o f Board, as 1 obferv’d fpeak-
ing o f Grand Caire 3 but fome Officers
do not wear it, and others cover it with
Green Cloth. There were alfo about
18 Chians a Horfe-back, with every one
a little black Feather in his Turbant 3
and 50 other Courtiers well Clad, be-
lides 30 Baltagis mounted, who had
lharp Caps o f a Cinamon Colour. There
were feveral Bojlangis a-Foot, who wore
long Red Caps round at the End, and as
wide as at the Head: And it is to be ob-
ferv’d, that thefe Attendants are only
diltinguilh’d by what they wear on their
V '
Vv
(3 (f
■ #
<SL
Book II.
Heads, for every one wears his Cloaths o f
what Colour he pleafes. There were be-
fidesi 2 Obadfcts /landingabout theCoach,
(thefe belong to the Grand Sen ior's Bed-
Chamber, and wore little white Caps
on their Heads, like the Ducal Cap o f
Vmice, edg’d about with G old, but the
Point turn'd back, and open’d.) On
one fide o f this Cap was a great white
Plume like a Fan, and below it another
o f black Feathers to pleafe the Eye with
the Variety. The A ga o f the Jan iza-
rtes wore the fame fort o f Cap, edg’d
about with Cloth of Silver, but without
Feathers. There were 14 other Atten­
dants Clad after the Roman manner in
Silk wrought with Gold, with another
Veft under that fringed with Gold, and
Breeches o f Criinfon Sattin. Thefe went
a-Foot, and had on Caps o f Silver gilt
exactly like a Pifs-pot, with a black
Plume Handing upright before. The
Turks call them Jfcioghan, that is, the
Grand Signior’s Pages.
Prayers being ended, I faw the Grand ThcGnnd
Signior Hamet II. come out, and get in- signior.
to his Coach, from the Steps o f the
Mofch. He was o f a low Stature, full
Body’d, brown o f Complexion, round
Fac’d, and wore a black Beard that be-
gan to grow G rey 3 and by his Counte-
nance feem’d to be about fifty Years o f
Age. He wore Herons Feathers in his
Turbant embellilh’d with Diamonds,
and was Clad in White. T h e Sclattar,
who carries his Sword, and drives away
the Flies in Summer, went into the fame
Coach, and fat next the Horfes. T he
People faluted him with Shouts, as had
alfo been done in the Mofch, with a dif-
agreeable Concert o f Mufick whillt he
play’d. When he was to depart, the
Janizaries made a Lane in an humble
Pofture, with their Hands on their Sto-
mach along the Court 3 and the Chians,
and other Officers follow’d him in fuch
Order as has been find. Hamet II. lov’d
to Play on a T u rk if Inftrument, like a
little Guittarr, and to Sing to it, to di-
vert his Melancholy, proceeding from
forty Years Imprifonment. All that has
been faid o f his Perfon and Garment,
w ill appear better by the following
Cut.
Saturday
© <SL
Chap.E Of TURKY. s f

f\ j^ r k Saturday 26th, crofting over both about 100 little Cupulas. This, like All
Gemelli. Arm s o f the River Tmgia, which W a- other Mofchs, has vaft Revenues for PD
15 9 3. ters the North-fide o f the C ity, on two ous Ufes, which are bellow’ d accord-
C /'Y ’NA Stone-Bridges, I law on the Right a ingly, as in inftrudting Children, main-
Grtfpi- great Mofch call’d Grcm i-Jem m aret. Be- taining the Poor, and mad People, & t*
\ \ T h 'Ci tore it'is a fpacious Court encompafs’d Betides, they every W eekDiftribuce to
M<>ch‘ with beautiful Structures cover’d with other Poor a thoufand Okts o f boil’d
Lead, for thofe that ferve the Mofch, Rice (which makes 1800 Pounds o f our
and poor People maintain’d there. T hree W eight) and a fufficient quantity o f
Gates on the front and fides lead into Fleth. Leaving the Jew to keep my
this Court, and there are as many more Shoods, I went into the Mofch, where I
to the Cioifter within, compofs’d o f found the Pavement cover’d with good
tw elve white Marble Columns on the Carpets, and above 1000 Lamps hang-
three fides, and o f fix green ones on ing in the middle ■, on the Right o f the
that fide where the Gate o f the Mofch Nich was a large Scaffold, a little one
i s i all o f them fuftaining twenty little on the Left, and a very high Pulpit to
Cupulas about the Cioifter, cover’d Preach.
with Lead. In the middle is a fineFoun- That fame Morning being the Feaft
tain, and two high Tow ers on the fides, o f S. Stephen, I hear’d Mafs at the French
near which there are other Structures Emballadors, and Din’d with him , as
with Leaded Cupulas •, fo that there are did a French Gentleman, call’d the Count
in this Building, befides the great one o f Friol, and Marquefs o f Grade j who
every

(o S
 /JS* ■ G°iix
/ / > — n\ \
f f)l
/ -,„...-i.;" :; > A l i l 1C' . ,,. . . ^ . . - y .;, , ■
64 Voyage round the W O R L D,
every Campagne follow s the Grand V i-
Cemellu 2ier, to direft W arlike Affairs, and im -
l6 93- prove M ilitary Difcipline.
I S V 'O Sunday 27th. after Mafs, I went to
fee the Palace o f Caia M ufiapba, once
Grand V iz ie r , and ftrangled after the
Siege o f Tienna, and inhabited by the
Grand Seignior’s S ifter, who was his
W ife : T h e re is nothing in it to com -
pare to the Structures o f Italy, but only
a great fquare M eadow , w all’d in fo r
their Diverfion. A fter Dinner, I went
to fee a great Vaulted place, a quarter
o f a Mile in length , and cover’d w ith
Lead from one fide whereof, there is
a Paflfage into another, 50 Paces lon g,
where are all the Shooemaker’s Sh o p s,
who pay the Hire to the Mofch o f Sul-
tan Selim, near which they ftand. T h e
D ay being fa ir, and the firft time the
Sun had appear’d fince my arrival, I went
again into this Mofch;to fee whether the
T o w e r on the left had alfo the three
wonderful Stair C afes, as l faid, I faw
in that on the rig h t, and the better to
fee the bignefsot the C ity from its high
top. T h e Keeper o f the G a te , for a
few P a ra s \ carry’d me up to the third
Story, w here all three Stair Cafes end ,
which are winding, and have 252 Steps
each. But there is this difference, that
the firft and fecond , which lead to the
firft and fecond Stories, run up quite to
the third j but the Stair-cafe on the
right, leads only to the third Story, o r
wonderful Structure, and anfwerable to
the G randeur o f the F o u n d er: T h e o -
ther tw o T o w e rs have but one Stair-
eafe each.
G oing on Monday 28th to fee the
D ervis dance at the M uradie, I found a
a dead H orfe by the w ay , and abund-
ance o f Turks ftriving w ho fhould cut
The Mu- the belt b it out o f him. T h e M uradie
u iie. js 3 M onaftery o f Turkifh Monks, feated
on a Hill within the C ity. Coming up
to it, I found a fmall M ofch, before the
Gate whereof, there w e re five Leaded
Cupula’s, fupported by five Pillars. T a -
king o ff my Shooes, as I had done at the
other M ofchs; and going in without any
hinderance from the T a rk s, as they do
in Egypty I found two places R ail’d in on
the fidcs, fo r Perfons o f N o te. On the
right o f the Niche was a C lo fet, enclos’d
with L e ttic e s, eight Spans above the
G ro un d , which they to ld me, was fo r
the Grand Seignior. O n the left, w as
the Pulpit to Preach in , and two others
on the fides o f it, four Spans high, and
made like a fquare B e e r , without an y
covering, w here theM ullah ufes to R ead ,
a \
G
s~>t
§L
, \ ' O %,* '
Book 11.
fitting crofs L eg ’d. Eight Spans above
the G ro u n d , the W all was all crufted
over w ith fine T i l e , the Pavement co-
ver’d w ith C arp ets, and abundance o f
Lamps hanging in the middle.
Thence I went to fee the D w ellings
o f thefe Religious M en, which are about
the M ofcb-, and then into other A p a rt-
ments, where I found abundance o f Poor,
who receiv’ d as A lm s , Plates o f boil’d
R ic e , w ith a little Meat and B r e a d ,
which is diftributed every Monday and
Thurfday , thefe being call’d D ays o f
turning round. A fter the M idday
Prayers, the Superior, with the D e rv i-
ces, or R eligious M en , went from the
Mofcb, to a Room near b y, in the m idft
w hereof was a fquare Scaffold , three
Spans above the G ro u n d , and enclos’d
with Banifters, four Spans diftant from
the W a ll, in which fpace feveral Turks DtT‘
fate about. T en Steps led up to ano-
ther Scaffold along the W a ll, with a
Clofet boarded up, in which fix o f eight
D ervices that went in, p lay’d on Pipes,
and beat D rum s} one Sung , and ano-
ther, when the Mufick ceas’d, Preach’d,
A t the upper end o f the Room , there
were tw o Chains b a re , fix Spans above
the Floor-, the Superior fate down in
one o f th em , and in the o th er, an old
M an, clad in red} at whofe Feet fate
another old M an, clad in G reen , like
the Superior, and the other Dervices a-
bout the aforefaid Scaffold on the in -
fide.
T h eir Habit is not fix’d , for every
one o f them wears what C loth, and co-
lour he pleafes j but their Caps mult be
o f white W o o l, fhap’d like a Sugar
Loaf-, but the Su p erio r, and two old
Men w ore a Border, like the lower part
o f a T urban t about it, and a T o w e l a-
bout their Necks.
One o f thofe that w ere upon the up- A Mdc-
per Scaffold , began the Ceremony o f mtun C i‘
turning round, to a doleful Tune, lik e
that we ufe to S in g , the Lamentations
o f the Prophet Jerem y, in the H o ly -
W eek * after which, the Superior made
a (hort Speech, or Serm on, expound-
ing a Book, out o f which, a Dervice that
fate by his fide, read two and two V e r -
fes with much Gravicy • the R eligious
Men in the m eanw hile harkning w ith
great Submi(lion, their Heads hanging
down. T h is Expounding lafted h alf an
hour} a fte r which, the Superior came
down from his Chair, and fate down on
a Carpet crofs Leg’d , after the Turkifh
fafhion. T h e Dervice began again to
Sing from the Scaffold, and to read in
a
|f| \
~chq)7n. ~oJT ur
r s j \ s \ a liccle Book in theftm e doleful T o n e ;
GtmtIU. when he had done, the Pipes were play’d
16 9 3 . o n , and Drums beaten * to-which the
l / Y A J Superior, and his Companion clad in
G reen , danced after a ridiculous man-
ner. Then the eight Dervices flood up,
and palling by the place, where the Su-
• perior had fate down again, made a low
bow to him,which the Superior return’d,
Handing up, and then fate down again,
A fter this, the eight Religious Men took
ofF their upper G arm ent, and remain’d
with the under o n e , which was clofe,
like a Petty-coat, and a Ihort Jacket 0-
ver it. In this H ab it, they pafs’d one
after another before the Superior, and
making their obeifance to him , began
to turn round, with their Arms fpread,
and their bare Feet, one fix’d upon the
other ; fo that I wonder they did not
fall. T h is painful Dance was regula-
ted , according as the Mulick play’d
quick, or flow , and lalted half a quar-
ter of an hour. T his ending at a cer-
tain Sign given, the Superior ftood up,
and made a bow to the mad D ervices,
who anfwer’d the fame in humble man-
n e r; after which, they began the fecond
turn, which lafted the lame time, with
like bowing at the end. Then the third
began, and ended in the fame manner,
A fter which, the Superior walk’d for-
ward gently with his old Companion,
into the middle , and turn’d cleverly
round upon one foot, as his Dervices had
done; the Fringe that hung down from
his half Turbanc, givin g him the more
Grace. Among them was an Old Man
above 60 Years o f A g e , who I admire,
did not drop down with Giddinefs.
D uring this fourth turning, the Inllru-
nients play’d, and one o f the eight that
were ab o ve, Sung; and it ended with
the ufual bowing. Then an old Man
read, I know not what, in a Book, and
the Superior repeated it, all the Com-
paay anfwering with a frightful Accla-
mation, and the Dervices withdrew af-
ter killing the Superior’s Hand.
I return’d home in the Evening, ha-
ving flay’d fo long to fee this Turkifh
folly, like the turning o f Staggs in rut-
ting tim e; and the Boards with the con-
tinual ufe of i t , (hine like Marble. I
found fome Bundles o f Cioaths before
my Chamber D o o r; and enquiring o f
ray Landlady what they w ere, fhe told
me, they belong’d to a Turk, juft come
from Confiantinople. In the mean while
came Monlicur Fancleve, who had pro-
vided that Lodging for m e, and told
me he had words with that T u rk , who
Vol. IV .
Cl
<SL
T y. g?~
came very faucily to pot me out o f my
Chamber, to take it for hitnfelf; faying;
he was a juft M an, and o f a good R eli-
gion, and I o f a bad o n e, and an Infi-
del, and therefore he ought to be pre-
ferr’d ; and the more, becaufe he had
lain there other times. Fancleve an-
fwer’d, That the Room had been taken
for a Frank, who would never, bear with
his Infolence, and therefore be might
provide elfewhere ; but the Turk per-
lifting in his impertinence, left his Bag-
gage at the D o o r, and was gone in a
rage to the C adi, to make good what
he had faid. Hearing th is, I Ihut the
D o o r, and expefted his com ing; and
accordingly he return'd within an hour,’
and knock’d at the D oor three times,
but I would not open it, and fent him
away with a flea in his Ear. He feeing
I was no more complying than the Cadi,
who would not concern himfelf with the
Franks, took up that Night under a
Pent-houfe, open on all (ides, and vio*
lently cold, the W eather being Frofty,
and the Snow lying three Spans d eep ;
where his Companion, and he being
pierc’d with cold, fpent the Night,burn-
ing Fire to warm one fide, whilft the
other Froze to the Boards. I hearing
them often blow the Fire, could not for*
bear Laughing, to think that the Man
o f the good Religion had fa wretched
a Night o f it, and he o f the bad; lay in
a good Room and Bed. A t break o f
D ay, the Turk went away half ftarv’d.
Tuefday 29th, I went a fhooting to
the Village o f Caragafchi, Inhabited by
Greeks: Paffing over the River Tungta,
that runs d o le to the Eafl-fide o f the
C it y , on a Bridge o f A rches, by the
Turks call’d Jcmchiupri, that is, the new
B rid g e; and too Paces beyond i t , the
R iver M erici, on a Wooden Bridge,and
the Marfh on another. T heft two Ri-*
vers meet half a League from the City,
I had little S po rt; the Jew that went
with me being better at his Tongue than
at Sporting.
Wednefday 30th, I was kept in by the n , e cym
Snow and C old , but onThurfday 3 1th of 7'trttry*
went o u t, and had the good luck to
meet the Cham o f T a n ary, riding on a
Dun Horfe from the Seraglio, to his Pa-
lace, in a Village fix Miles from Jd n a -
nsple. He was o f a proportionable Sta-
ture, brown o f Com plexion, and o f a
fierce Countenace; but about 80 Years
o f Age. He was clad inGreen, and had
on his Head a Carpas, or Cap ot the
fame colour, after the Tartar Fafliion ;
on which two upright Feathers were
1
1 1 )| <SL

66 A Voyage round the W O R L D . Book 11.

f S A < 0 fix’d, which crofs’d one another at the T here is no truth in what Tavernier Miftake
Gemelli. top. Tw enty Servants on Horfe-back W rite s, in his ReJation du Serraille To. in Faver-
1694.. follow’d him, well clad after their man- 3 > Bag. 384, viz., that the Grand Seig- iw-
O T sT O n er- befides as many more fent by the nior wears three Pfumes o f Feathers in
Grand Vizier to do him honour. his Turbant, to /hew he has three Em-
The Friday the f i r f t of January 1694, be- pires under his Dom inion, which are
Grand ing a Feftival Day among the Turks, thofe o f Conftaminople, Trebizond, and
Seignior. ] went before the Seraglio, to fee the Babylon; for both the times 1 faw him
Grand Seignior go abroad, fo u r B u- he had but o n e: And what he /ays o f
ftangis a Horfe-back went before, car- the Grand V iz ie r, is a s fa lfe ; to wit
rying Red Cloth to cover the C lo fet, that when lie goes to W a r, the Grand
or Tribune. Some time after, it being Seignior gives him one o f thofe Feathers,
about N o o n , 20 Chians appear’d on in Virtue whereof, the Janizaries falute,
Horfe-back, after whom , came 14 If- and own him for their Superior; and
cioglians, or Pages o f the Grand Seigni- therefore it is known when the V izier
or's, and 10 great Men o f the Court, all is in the F ield , by his Mafter’s having
on Horfe-back, and laftly the Coach, but two Plumes in his Turbant. N ot
attended by 12 Obadafcis, or Gentlemen fatisfy’d with what I had feen with
o f the Bed-Chamber; 12 white and rny own E y e s, 1 enquir’d o f feve-
black Eunuchs on Horfe-back, and fe- ral French, who told me, they never
veral Baltagis a-fo o t; near the M ofch, faw him wear any more than one Plume'
there were about 400 Janizaries in and that having feen the V izier fet out How the
Arm s. T h e Grand Seignior was in for the A rm y feveral tim es, they had Vizier is
the fame Coach, I mention’d before, and never known any fuch thing given him • seated,
v came out o f it, at the Gate o f the Mofch, but that the Grand Seignior fitting on
call'd M n xadia, near the Seraglio. I a high Scaffold, that Minifter pafles un­
took notice he had a Silk Veil; on, o f a der it, and difmounting from his Horfe,
pale R e d , like a wither’d R o fe ; his humbly proftrates himfelf on the
Cap was adorn'd with fmall black Fea- G round, and has a Veft or Garment
thers, on the ends whereof, there were thrown on his B ack , given him by the
fmall white and red Spots, which look'd Grand Seignior; which is alfo done to
very handfome; upon the edge o f the all the Bajfaes that go to the W ar.
C a p , there were large Diamonds, fet Saturday the 2d o f January, I ftay’d r j v-
together in a Je w e l, like a Pyramid, fome time in a Street, to fee the Grand zLeThow
on the fides whereof, there hung feve- V izier go to the Seraglio. Before him attended,
ral little Gold Chains, faftned behind, went 30 Chians, and about 60 Turks o f
Being faluted by the People, he return’d note, who being come from their G o-
it civilly, bowing his Head low. A fter vernments, made Court to him for Pre-
him, came the Selcttar out o f the Coach ferment. About 60 Servants follow’d
(contrary to the practice o f Chrifiendom, a-foot, in the midft o f whom came that
where the Mafter comes out laft) car- prime Minifter, clad in R e d , on a fine
rying the Scimitar. Prayers being end- black Horfe. He was o f a middle Sta-
e d , which lafted an hour, I faw him ture, and by his looks feem’d to be about
come out o f the M ofch, with the lame 54., or 55 Years o f Age. I was told
Attendance; but he had not the Cap on, he was much addicted to Hunting.,
which he had given to a Servant, but Sunday 3d, after hearing Mafs, I went Muphti
a Green T u rb an t, with the lower part to fee the Palace o f the great M uphti,
W h ite , and another Yellow Silk Veft. who is in the nature o f a Pope among the
W hen he was in his Coach, the Peo- Turks, near the Mofch o f A lim Selim ,
pie faluted him on both fides; and when and found it but a mean Stru&ure. There
he was pafs’d , all the Jan izaries, and were two Coaches in the C ou rt; but
Lords o f his Retinue , went away about about Noon, 1 faw him go abroad, with
their bufinefs, without accompanying about 12 Perfons attending him. He
him. I have diftin&ly fet down his was clad in G reen , and had a great
manner o f going abroad upon two fe- Turbant o f the fame colour. On fo-
veral Fridays, that the Reader may him- lemn D ays, he is clad in W h ite, and
fe lf obferve Zornc fmall difference there feem’d to be between 80 and 83 Years
Is in his Attendance, thefe two tim es; o f Age.
referving it for a particular Chapter, Monfieur Granie having fome ac- The Se­
ta give an account o f the fever al Names quaintance in the Seraglio, by his means r*gho.
o f theTurkijh Officers, that make up the 1 was carry’d after Dinner to fee part
numerous and Imperial Court o f this o f i t , which is allow ’d to Franks with
Monarch. much

GQ
••A,............. • . .
t ( —-^>7
t)| <SL

Chap. III. ~0f T i f R Y y . 6~

O'wA-O much difficulty. He went firft into the
Gtmelli. two Stables near this Royal Palace. In
i 594 - the firft o f them, there were 50 Horfes
for the P a g e s i n the other, as many
for the Grand Seignior, better than the
others, and carefully look’d alter. A
Iluftangi ffiew’d me in a Room adjoyning,
the Saddles, B rid les, T a rg e ts, Foot-
cloths, and other rich Furniture o f Gold
and Silver, fet with Rubies, Emerauds,
and Turky Stones to adorn the Horfes
the Grand Seignior and his Favourites
Ride. Before the Palace, is a Square
a Mile about; in the midft whereof is
a Fountain, and the Colours Staff, on
which they fet up Mahomet’s Standard,
when there is any Mutiny, that the Loy-
al Party may take up Arms to puniffi
the Offenders.
T he Seraglio or S en ay, which in the
Ferftan Tongue figmfies a Royal Houfe,
is a regular Structure on a Plane near
the R iver Tm gia. It is two Miles in
compafs, and has feven Gates for the
conveniency o f comers and goers-, be-
fid esth ofeo f the Gardens, which take
up feveral Miles about. W e went with
the Bufiangi in at the biggeft Gate, which
is molt frequented, to a large place 10 0
Pacesfquare, cover’d round for thecon-
veniency o f palling from one Gate to
the other, there being three. Entring
011 the rig h t, into the firft and fecond
K itchins, 1 law feveral H alvaggis , or
H accii, that is, Cooks, with their ffiarp
white C aps, who drefs’d Meat for the
Grand Seignior and his Court •, but in
a dillindt place from that where Hens
and G elt Goats are drefs’d. In the
third , I found che C onfediouers, who
make Sherbet, and Sweetmeats ; thefe
clad like the others. Oppofite to the
great G a te , are the Apartments o f the
Ifcioglans, or Grand Seignior’s Pages,
T here is nothing remarkable to com*
pare with our Palaces o f Italy, but they
are like long Halls, where they perform
all their Exercifes. Over this is a Bal-
cony for the W om en, who lodge near
it. The third Gate leads into the Em-
peror’s Apartm ents, which are not al*
lo w ’d to be fecn.
I can give no account o f Unmet the
II. then Reigning, becaufe, tho’ I took
much pains to get Ibme Information, nd
Man could tell me how he was inclin’d,
having been many Years a Prifoner, and
therefore unacquainted with all things
He was little addicted to Hunting, and
to Women, as much as Human Frailty
drew him. But be delighted in doing
Juftice throughout his Dominions, in
rewarding Good , and puniffiing Evil,
By his Sultana , he bad two Sons at a
B irth , o f which only one was living
call’d Ibrahim. But there are ftill alive
two Nephews o f h is, the Sons o f A fa-
hornet the lV th, his Brother j one o f
them call’d Mufiapha, 13 Years o f A ge,
and the other Hamet o f 1 8 , but kept
Prifoners according to the antient Poii-
cy o f that Family.

c h a p . in .

A particular Account of all the feveral Officers, belonging to the

Ottoman Court.

His Emperor’s Court being with fill. T h ey are cut clofe by the Belly^
T him at AdrUnoplc, and I having becaule o f the great Jealoulie o f the Ea-
liad occafion to life fome Turkifh Term s ■, ftern P eop le, and live apart in good ? nc 7 *
it will be convenient to explain them R oom s, with excellent Order and D if- Urt& 1-
in a foparate C h ap ter, being fully in- cipliue, tho’ they are a prodigious num-
form a , concerning them by particular her. T he chief o f them in the Turkijh
E n quiry, made among the Turks them- Language, is call’d Kijlaragafi, or Katz-
Eunuchs. mlves, and Europeans, who have refided liragafi; that is, Keeper ol the Virgins,
there many Years. or Superintendent o f the Women’s *
T o begin with the Eunuchs, who are ROoffis; the Keys whereof he keeps,
the rnoft in efteem at Court, they are o f His Authority is lo great, that he lpeaks
two forts, Black and White. T he Blacks to the Sultan when he pleafes; and by
have the keeping o f the Ottoman D elight, this means, and fhariag in the Prefents,
that is, the Women’s Apartments j and the Baffa's give the Sultanas for their
to this purpofe they pick out the molt Protection, he gathers vaft Treasures,
deform d , whofe very light is fright- .
Vol. IV. I 2 The

I 4
ft)!
N~'sy^fr?
• ' <SL
6 <j A Voyage round the W O R L D. Book II.
fN ^ A ^ T he white Eunuchs are cut after the charge o f feeing all the Grand Seignior’s
Cenielli. common manner, and have the keeping Apartments kept clean, and in repair; he
1694. o f the Grand Seignior's Lodgings. Be- has alfo particular charge o f the Pages,
fore we proceed further, it is proper that keep the Linnen, and attend the
to o b ferve, that there are many thou- Emperor when he T ravels. He has
fands o f both kinds in the E a fi; every under him a Deputy, call’d Seraikefoda-
Mabometan that is any thing well to fi, to whom it belongs every half year,
pafs, having feveral o f them to keep to change the Carpets o f the Rooms in
his Women. This is a reafon, they the Seraglio. T he third is the Haz.na-
make a great Trade o f them ; for poor dar, or Chazjiadar-Bafci, who is entru-
Parents fell their young Sons to Mer- fired with the Ernpeior’s private T rea-
chants, who caufe them to be cut, and fure, or Privy-Purfe, and the Pages o f
fell them at dear R ates; efpecially thofe his Bed-Chamber; the publick T rea-
that have all cut off, it being a difficult fure for paying o f the Arm y, being ma-
matter for them to furviveit, arefome- nag’d by the Prime V iz ie r, and three
times fold for 600 Crowns, whereas the Tefterdars, or Treafurers General. O f
others may be had for little above 100. late, it is tru e, the Hazjnadar has no-
Thus, that which makes them moll va- thing left but the bare T itle, the Chaz.-
luable to the Buyer is their greateft Mi- naket-adafi having ingrofs’d all the ma-
fery, for they cannot Pifs but through nagement. T h e 4th. Eunuch is the K i-
a Pipe o f S ilv er, or fome other Metal. largi-B afci, or chief o f the Pages o f the
Moll o f the white ones come from the KUar, who keeps the Drink for the Em-
K ingdom sof Ajfan, Butan, Pegu, Ara- peror himfelf. He has alfo all the Keys
can, and Golcanda, and the Blacks from o f the Akagis, that is, the Kitchins and
A frick, amonglt whom the moll de- Confedionaries; his aflillant is the in ­
form’d are dearell and moll valu’d ; and lar-Ketodoft.
in them they look upon it as a great T h e other Officers o f the Seraglio are DotMgi
beauty to have a fla t, or wry Note, a the Great Falconer, call’d Dogangt- B afci; Bafti, and
frightful A fp e d , a great Mouth, thick the Kokedar, who puts on the Empe- others.
L ip s , and Teeth out o f their natural ror’s V e i l ; the Kikabdar,who holds the
order. Both forts o f them are proud Stirrup when the Emperors get a Horfe-
and ftern, but the white ones lefs than back ; the Selettar, who carries his
the others, treating thofe under them Sw o rd ; the Hammargi-Bafci, who has
with more Humanity; nor are they fo Charge of the Baths; the Ciamaci-Bafcit
jealous and miftruflful as the Blacks. the chief o f thofe that walh the Linnen ;
The Ctpi- The chief o f thefe W hites, is call’d the Geritbeg, chief o f all thofe that pra-
Jg t. Capi-Aga, or Capu-Agafi. He belides d ife Shooting with a Bow every F ri-
being the fr it in Authority among all day in the place before the Palace. Thefe
the white Eunuchs, is always near the principal P o lls, are poffeffed by thofe
Grand Seignior ; he introduces Ernbaf- who have gone through the Em ploy-
fadors, and all Perfons o f note; nor can ments o f the Ifcioglans. They wear what
any go into, or out o f the Grand Seig- colour Cloaths they pleafe, and T u r-
nior’s Lodgings without his leave ; fo bants out o f the Seraglio.
that being ufeful to all Men, he mull o f Others, who are in meaner Employ-
neceffity grow vaftly Rich. The Grand ments, are diftinguilh’d by what they
V izier himfelf cannot go into the Empe- wear on their Heads, being o f three
ror, without being conduded by him ; fo rts; for every one, as has been faid ,
and if any bufinefs would admit o f no wears what Cloaths he will. Thole are
d elay, and were brought in W ritin g , call’d Bnflangis, who wear a long red
the Anfwer mult pafs through his hands. Cap, falling back, round at the end, and
He by a peculiar Priviledge, granted to as broad as at the Head. Many hun-
no other, wears a T u rban t, and rides dreds o f thefe look to the Gardens o f
on Horfe-back within the Seraglio. He the Seraglio ; fiddle and lead out the B j Sp*
Waits on the Emperor to the door o f Horfes, and go a-foot with Perfons o f ^ e,r
the Sultana’s A partm ent, where he note, who attend the Grand Seignior
flops, his Authority reaching no further, upon publick Occafions: Others R ow
He is allow’d 10 Zecchines a day for his in the Barges, when the Emperor goes
Table. to divert himfelf upon the W ater. T h e
4 Great N ext to him there are four others, Boftangi-Bafci is chief o f thefe, and has
tluauebs. which are the NotAdabafcbi, who has the the C harge, not only o f the Gardens
Government o f 40 Pages o f the Bed- in Conflantmople, but of others in the
chamber; the Sera-A gaf who has th$ Country about. And tho’ he be taken
from

10
 — -\V \
|( l ) f
" c b p . m . ^ Y l T
C > * A S ) from fo mean a D egree as the A z a -M o g -
CemelU, Jans, which are Chriftian Slaves taken
i<?94- young in W ar, o r paid by w ay o f
T r i b u t e , yet liis Em ploym ent makes
him considerable, and refpe& ed by a ll
the B a fro 's; w ho endeavour w ith P ie -
feats to gain his go o d W ill, whom they
know to be in their Sultans F a v o u r ;
as being alw ays about him, and fitting
near him to Steer the Barge when he
goes by W ater. ^ m ull have much Patience to g e t to the
Biltigh. T h e B dtagis w ear a long C ap o f a
Cinnam on C o lo u r, ending in a conical
P o in t ; or like a Su gar-Lo af, and ferve
p artly to cut W o o d , partly to R id e out
when the G rand Signior goes out o f the
P a la c e ; and part o f them, which I fup-
pole to be Eunuchs, Hand at the G ates
o f the fir ft and fecond C ourts o f the
Seraglio. T h e fe are D iftin guifh’d by
the N am e o f Capigis, and their C h ie f is
Cipigis. call'd C a p igi-B a fci; whom the Em pe-
ror makes ufe o f to Execute his C om -
mands.
Hilvagis. T h o le that w ear the white C ap not
v e ry lon g, nor ending lharp, but refern-
blin g the D ucal Venetian C ap o f Main-
tenauce, are call’d H a lv a g i; and am ong
them thofe that are particu larly Em -
p lo y ’d in the K itch in , have the peculiar
N am e o f A ragis, 01 Xoccis, o ver w hom ,
as alfo o ver all the reft o f the H alvagis,
the K ifa rg i■ Bofci has fu ll A u th o rity ;
y e t every Kitchin has its Supervifor
c a ll’d A ra g i-B a fci \ befides the M uchek-
E m m , who provides all T h in g s necef-
fu ry tor the Kitchin and T a b le s, even
o f A m balladors, according to the O r-
d ers he receives from the G ran d V~i-
fic r. _ the Bafra o f the S e a ; and the A g a o f
foftalcr- T h e H a fialer-A ga /i is Head o f the
dgafi. Infirm ary, and takes N otice o f a ll that
goes into, or out o f the Seraglio; but
above a ll takes care that no W ine be
brought in. A ll this great N um b er o f
P eop le (which fom etim es according as
the Sultan is in clin ’d, may amount to
10 0 0 0 , but are not at prefent above
3 0 0 0 ) are Born o f Chriftian Parents,
and taken in W a r , o r fo rcib ly by the
Bafra's in the conquer’d Provinces to fend
them as Prefents to the G rand Signior.
H e choofes out the Handfomeft to D i-
Ilrib u te them am ong the Seraglio's, and
have them brought up to the Mahometan
L a w , and E x ercifes, dividing them into
tw o R a n k s ; one o f the Azatmoglans be-
in g the ableft fo r Service, fuch as B alt a -
g is , H alvagis, and B ofian gis; the other
o f the better fo rt defign’d fo r the great-
eft Em ploym ents o f the E m p ire , c all’d
Ifcioglans, in whom befides F o rm , a good
r k y . ~ ^ ~
prom ifing W i t is req u ir’d. T h e y are
bred v ery carefu lly and itr i& ly , paffing
through four R oom s they call Odas,
w here they are T au g h t noble Exercifes,
fit fo r Perfons that are to Serve fo great
a M onarch, and to have the T it le o f his
Pages and G entlem en. T h e w hite Eu-
nucbs are their M afters, w ho T re a t
them with S everity, and Beat them C ru -
elly for the Jeaft F a u lt; fo that they
fourth Cham ber, w here the belt o f them
are w ith certain hopes to rife to the
greatelt Em ploym ents in the Em pire,
T h o ’ they are to be o f C hriftian Parents,
y et the C api-A gi, o r G re a t M a ile r o f
the Seragho, does not fail to put in
fome Sons o f Turks that are prom ifing
Lads.
T h e re are alio in the Seraglio about
5 , o r 600 M aidens, e ith e r"\ak e n in
W a r, o r fo r T rib u te o f the Provinces,
o r fent as Prefents by the B afrds, fo r
the Sultan's Pleafure, who n ow and then
withdraw s from the heavy C are o f E m -
pire to D iv e rt him felf in th eir A p a rt -
ment.
B efore w e leave the Seraglio, it w ill
not be am ifs to lay fom ething o f the
B u fra 's; becaufe they are not on ly cho-
fen from am ong the Ifcioglans, but m ake
u p the belt p a rt o f * the E m peror’s
C ou rt.
Bafra is an honourable T it le common
to all great Men at the P o rt, who are
D iftin guilh ’d by their Em ploym ents ;
but the four chiefeft o f them are the
V ife r-A fe m , o r G rand Vtfier ; the C o ­
macan, G o vern o u r o f Confantinople ;
the Ja n iz a ries. T h e le are o f fuch great
A u th o rity , that they fometimes D cp ofe,
and raife Sultans to the T h ro n e , as
hapned to the E m p e ro b M ufiapba and
O fm an; the latter o f thefe being put to
D eath in Prifon by an E xecu tio n er; yet
thefe, fome great Men, are liable to the
Em peror's D ifpleafure for fmall Offences,
w ho takes not only their Heads, but
their Goods from their C hildren, tho’
Born o f their own Sifters. T h e V Jitr - HorfcuiU.
Bafra's carry three Standards, w ith each
a H orfes T a il, o f what C olo u r they
pleafe, except G reen , o f which C olour
o n ly the S taff muft be. T h e y fay the
O riginal o f this Cuftom was, T h a t ha-
vin g loft their Standard in a Battle w ith
the Chriftians, and the Soldiers being
D ifco u rag’d at it, the Turkijh G en eral
cutting o f f a Horfes T a il, faftned it to
a Pole, and liftin g it np faid, Behold the
Colours, let them that L ove me follow me ;
w here-
A y —^ V \
® .
,4 jVq^jge rwffd the W O 11 L D . __ Book II.
whereupon t h c X i r taking Coinage,
Cemelli. fell upon the Chriftians, and got the
1694. Day P Inferior Commanders may not
( A V nut thefe Tails to their Colours. The
3 a(Ta$ who are not V ifrrs, have but
T w o as alfo the Bets $ but the Gover-
noms o f little Provinces are allow'd but
One T he Grand Senior., when he is
in the Field has Seven, to Denote his
Dominion over feven Parts or the W orld ;
which makes the Turks give him the
T itle of Lord of all Kings.
r The Grand Vifier is Lieutenant-Gene-
ral o f all the Empire, and Armies, as
alfo chief o f the Council •> and Com-
mands abfolutely under the Grand Sig~
„ior, whofe Seal he keeps. In the D i-
v a n he has fix fitting Vifiers, or Coun-
fellers to Advife with, but their Voices
are not Decifive, but only Confultiv? ;
nor can they meddle with State Affairs
without being ask’d. T his Minifter’s
Reputation is fo great, that the Sultan
* himfelf in Matter o f the greateft Mo-
ment depends on his Judgment and in
Council whatfoever he propofes is a De-
crec- however, it behoves him to be
very7much upon his Guard, for if he
ventures to offer any thing contrary to
his Mailer’s Inclination, he is foon Pr ang-
Jed- His Court is made up o f about
2000 Domcfticks. When he is vifited
bv anv Body, tho’ o f never fo great Ac-
count, he does not rife to Compliment
them, except to the Mupbti, who has
the fame Honour paid him by the Grand
5. ■ * Merchants, is to furnilh Mony for the
The Cdi- T he Caimacam, or Governour o f Con-
Zm v fiantinople, is the Viziers Lieutenant,
and he alone performs the Functions of
his Office in his Abfence, even t:o giv-
ing Audience to AmbafTadors •, without
being Expos’d to the Princes Anger in
cafe o f any Failure, becaufe all Faults are
Ufa Of thtTsca is Captain Ge~
the Sea. neral, and Admiral o f the Fleet y and
the Bees Governours o f the Maritime
Provinces, and Captains, the G. SignioVs
Galleys, which are to be always in a
readinefs to put to Sea.
Jeso tfy- The A t * ] (^C olonel General o f the
movies. Janizaries, call’d by the Turks, Vmgeri-
A eati, is in fuch Reputation, that no
Man but he can come near his Prince
with his Hands at Liberty, the Grand
Vifier himfelf being bound to hold them
acrofs on his Stomach with a great deal
o f Submillion. Befides, he Commands
a conliderable Army o f about 1&0000
Janizaries •, not that there are really fo
many, but becaufe feveral Perfoas to be
| v. ' IV
^
<SL
T ax-free-M d av o u r to get themftlvct
Lifted among them. _
1 he next in Dignity are the B a le r- Bt&fitg*.
begs, who are like Sovereigns in their
General Governments, having ihe S/w-
giac-begs, or Governours o f Sangiacks,
and particular Provinces, under them.
which lalt are accounted the braveffc of
the Tnrkijh Soldiery. r . M
The Spahls cottoppfc a confidcrablc £ * , , » d
Body of Horfe, and Live on their TV- U r n *
rnars, or Lands given them by the Grand
Slgnior, proportionably to their Services,
like fo many Lords, nor can this Grant
be taken from them without deftroymg
the heft Soldiers they have in tune o f
need. The Zahims are alfo Horfe, and
have Lands Ijkc the others/
I he Chians are MelTengets to fulfil nm .
the Emperor’s Commands, when he will
have fa n e B *JJ*s Head, or mprifon
him. T h e y attend the Grand Sigmon
a Horfe-back, when he goes Abroad,
as was obferv d before. The Chau s-
B afa a chief o f them.
J h e Enurnhur-Bafu, tho he Lrves M * r-
Abtoad, ferves as fir ft Gentleman-U fher Bifcu
in the Seraglio, when the G W
Sgm or appears in I ubliek, he goes be-
fore him. , ,, ..
The Ckm tegi-Bafa tho- he Lives A - a ~
broad, has the Key o f all the Bread that
is Spent in the Seragho.
T h e chief o f thofe that receive the o.rm -
Taxes is calf ’4 C a n who toge- X *
ther with the C uftom eran d ch iefof he
Publick Expcnce, as Occafion requires1;
the Grand Sigmor being no way oblig d
W make ufe oi his private Treafure.
J his is a T a x of five Ducats a Head
paid by every Chnlhan, _exct.pt hanks,
and every J e w rending in the Levant y
but the Armenians pay left than the
? T he Great. M uphi is the Head o f the Mupbti.
Mahometan Religion, and Interpreter o f
the Alcoran but the confounding
civil Government with Religion, the
Muphti and Cadiz re mdifterentlylook d
UP0I! aS Men o f the, Law’ asf lf there
were no difference between Lawyers,
and Divines, foi which reafon the Muphn
very often gives his Opinion m C ivil,
and criminal Caufes. Hence it is that
there is no Ecclefiaftical Superiority a-
mong them, and that there hes no A p-
peal from the other Muphu s to the great
o n e; as alfo that he is not Superior o f
the Imans, or P n e f t s e v e r y one own-
ing only his own Superior, In other
Particulars the Great M*phn of
 —< V \

fit)
\%!b---
N's\^&9.■eS~riA/
ff /
§L
ChapTlV^ ~~ O/TURKY,.. _ _... 7*
'■ 'S S ^ 7ixopie is K efpeaed by all Men, as fo l- T h e Pricfts that ferve in the Mojchs to m , o r
Gemelli. lowing the Grand Signior’s Court, which in the nature of Curates, are call'd
i<fp4. Diftinguilhes him from the others, ot /mans, or hm om s, the Readers ot the
u - v - V whom there are many throughout the Law to Youth the Preachers
Em pire T h e Soldiers being to be T r y ’d Schohs 3 and thole that call the People
by none but their own peculiar judges, to Prayers from the Steeples M uezJns,
e . w ho are the Cadelefchers o f N atalia, and T h e D e v ic e s , or R eligious Men, tho’
IM er Romania, render thefe Men’s D ignity they make a very H ypocritical outward
verv Conilderable, and gives them a Shew, do not L ive m Com m unity, nor
Scat in the D ivan near the Ftficr, next in their Monafteries, but in their own
~ to the Mupkti. In great Cities there are Houfes with their W ives and Children,
, , 1U, and M u llah , or M a id s Subordi- upon an Allowance the Sultan gives them
iiate’ to the Caddefchers in civil Affairs, o f 30, 4 0 , or 50 A fters a D a y 3 they
but have no Superior in the Crim inal 3 are alfo oblig’d to repair to the Mona-
i the Cadis, who A d m in iller Jnftice in ftery at certain Hours.
i l S e t t T o w n s and the N a if,, o f final]
ones are Subject to thefe.

•1 v ■ ■ -■ ■ ■ 11 1 - -- ■ 1 ■ ■ ■ !— P»HI Iiim < — |II|M II» |||» «W I» H i m

C HAP. IV.
The Author's Journey to Conftantinople.

Ein g refolv’d to depart fo r Confirm- Stone-bridge o f many Arches over the

B u n ofe, I took my leave o f the Ba- R iv er. A t N ight the Janizaries had
ron de Chateam euf, the French Am bafia- a long Difcourfe concerning the W a r ia
d or, a Perfbn excellently Q p lif y ’d , as Hungary, faying, t\vt Germans fhed much
appears by his Adrainifixauou there, Blood o f the Mufulmans, and that their
having prevail’d with the Sultan not to Soldiery was Difeoui ag’d feeing fo much
make Peace, as he was follicited 3 ob- Slaughter. H ere I obferv’d, that as thei
tain’d the Reflauration o f the H oly Pla- French call the Place where Pailengers
ces in Jcrufalcm to the Catholicks, after lie G ift, fo the Turks give it the Name
the Greek.'' had K#cn Poileft’d' ui ot Cunac.
tltem 3 and brought the Grand Signior T h e great Snow that fell on W ednef
to oblige the S a fa o f Grand Cairo to day 6th, and what lay on the Ground
take but T h ree per Cent, for a ll G oods o f before, would not perm it us to T ra v e l
the T ra d ers of M arfeillcs, whereas Ov above fifteen Miles, and we lay that
thers pay T w e n ty , and to refiore what N ig h t at the Village o f Calejtron. Set-
had been receiv’d over. ting out betimes on T hurfiay 7th, w e
H aving hir’d tw o Horfes for me and could T ra v e l but twenty Miles, to the
my Man," at five Ducats a Piece,- I fet Village o f Chtorla, by reafbn o f the fame
out for Corififwmoylt on Monday 4th, impediment o f Snow, the Horfes not
with a fn u ll Caravan o f forty People, being able to draw their Feet, out o f
and having rode tw enty Miles through it.
Plains cover’d with Snow, lay at the Friday 8th, w e got into a C ountry
Village o f H apft, in a Carvanfera among better Inhabited, but the Soil nothing
our Beafts. better 3 and having pafs’d by fome V il-
Tuefday $th, I fufFer’d more than 1 lages in ten Miles riding, we came to the
had done in fix Months T ra vels before 3 Shore o f the Streight, along which we
for fetting out before D ay, we rode continu’d our Journy all the D ay, to the
over Snow’ and Ice, through a C ountry Village o f S ivirli, where w e pafs’d at the
partly H illy and partly Plain, till l was end o f twenty Miles more. T h is V il-
Frozen a Borfe-baek, and had no feel- lage is large, and has a little Port, and
ing in my Hands or Feet. A fter twenty a famous Bridge o f 32 Arches over the
Miles rid in g, we pafs’d through the R iv e r and Morals. On the H ill there
great V illage o f Bah,1, and over a good is another Place enclos’d with a v e ry
Stone-Bridge 3 and at the end o f fifteen, antient W a ll, which appears to have
Miles m ore, fet up in a great T o w n been Built by the Greeks, by an old In-
call’d Bergafr, where there is another feription found there in their lan gu age.
We
 *G° i x
//> —<V\ '

ft)!
yH A Voyage round the W O R L D.
rv A ^ -v W e made no long Stay here, feeing the
Gemelli. W ay clear o f Snow, and the Road good,
1 694.. but riding fix Miles further, came to the
U “*\rv > V illage o f Burgadus, on the Bank o f the
fame Streight
Saturday 9th, at fifteen Miles end we
pafs’d through Check-manqia, a fmall
Village Hill upon the Streight. Here is
a good Filhery, fo r the Streight makes
a little Bay eight Miles in Compafs, like
the little Sea o f Taranto, and there are
four Stone-bridges over it. T h e People
there fimt up the Mouth o f it, which is
about a M ile over with Palliftados, and
then go in at the G ap left in the middle
with a wooden Houfe, to take the Filh,
which is the Reafon there are three o-
ther little Villages upon the Bay. Eight
Miles further we pals’d over another
Bridge Built upon an A rm o f the Sea,
as convenient as the other fo r Fifhing;
for running a great w ay into the Land,
it has a great Quantity o f Filh, and is
the caufe there are fsveral V illages about
the Country.
Sunday 10 th , having T ra v e il’d ten
M iles further, part Hi 11, part Plain, I
came at length to the famous C ity o f
Confiantinople. Thence after contenting
the Cattrni, o r Owner o f the Horfes, I
went to 6'd a ta to feek a L odgin g ■, but
the Inn kept there by a French-Man be-
ing full, 1 was forced to make the beft
%L
Book 1L
fhift I could that N ight upon the Boards
in a ureek s Houfe.^ In this Ihort Jo u rn y
I found not the C ivility , Tavernier L ib .
1 . F . 1. Chap. 10 . Fag. 1 1 8 . fpeaks o f
in his D efeription or the Caravanferas o f
Per f a and Turky where he is pleas’d to
w rite that from Belgrade to Conftamino -
pie, a T ra v e lle r and his H orfe has his
Charges born by the O verfeer o f the
Caravanferas, who does it out o f a L e ­
gacy left by a Founder departed, and
that in the Morning there is nothing to
do but T h an k him and be gone, w ith-
out putting Hand to P u r f e f o r I was
fo far from finding this Entertainm ent,
that it coft me tw o Carlines ( about a
Shilling ) every N igh t to get Boards to
keep me from the D irt on the G ro u n d ;
and as for Eating, 1 far d as I pleas d ,
as all the reft did fo r their Mony._
Monday i i t h , I took a Room in the
French-M an’s Inn, paying half a D ucat
fo r my Self, and a quarter for my Man.
W e Eat w e ll enough at a round T a b le •,
and 1 being h alf Starv’d, as having found
nothing good upon the Road, nor any
Conveniency to D refs it, did Eat hear-
tily , whereat a Captain o f a French V e i-
fel adm iring, he turn’d to his C om p a-
nions, a n d fa id , T h is Man Eats lik e a
D evil, thinking I did not underftand
French.

■;‘ t ^ t)/. C H A P . V.

The Defer iption o f Conftantinople, and its Greatnefs, as alfo o f the

Grand Signior’ j Seraglio.
p , ft. : . . . . , 1 1 ■ . l' - ...■; : 'i

Conflttmi- g^O n flan tin ople, at prefent the M etro- to the C ity whence it is fuppos’d came
VopiedL C j polis o f the Ottoman Monarchy, the other Corrupt N am e o f W
ferib’d. was known to the Antients by the name or Stambol, now given it by theTurks.
o f Byxjmtium •, but the Em peror Con- It is advantagioufiy feated on the
ft J i n the G^eat having b eau tify* it, Streight o f the Black-Sea, once c a lld
and repair’d the Harm done in it by B o so m s Thracws, m 4 2 D egrees o f
Alexander Severus, forfaking Rome made Latitude, Its Shape is‘ T rian gu lar and
it the Seat o f the Em pire ^ and as a p er- the Sea which walhes tw o fides o f it
petual Memorial would have it call’d makes there the fineft iP<« «
New Rome •, and the Province o f Thrace, beyond all Difpute. T h e Angles o f this
in which it is feated, Romelia, or Romana. T rian gle are call d Yeehcda, or feven
A fter his Death this N ew Rome took the T o w ers ; Serray-ovaft, or Serraghoj
Name o f Conftantinople, and for B revity and the G ate o f Aoevafaco-capft, towards
that o f Polis, that is, C ity , like the O ld the Point o f the Bay, or little Streight
Rome, which per Excellentcam , was call’d o f Chitena. ’ T is true, the fides are not
Vrbs. So that the Greeks o f Romeha, equal, that between the feven T o w e r s
when they would E xp refs, they w ere and the Seraglio, being much longer
going to Conftantine’s N ew C ity , us’d to than the others^ and that between the
a y , «< ™ i i , , , . E it ten Polin,that is, S .r .d .o , and the Po
A y—
111
”Chap.V. 0/TURKY.
( V ^ o f Cbitana crooked j oppofite to it be-
Gemelli. yond the Streight flood Chalcedony an
1694. antientC ity o f Bithinia. Conftantinople
I x 'V N Jis reported to have been Built by Paufa-
nias, King o f Sparta, in the Year o f the
W orld 3469, and 96 after the D eftru-
d-ionof Troy, at the fame time that Ta-
ranto, in the Province o f Otranto, and
Gerace, in the Province o f the further
Calabria, in the Kingdom o f Naples,
were Built. Like Old Rome it is enclos’d
by feven Hills, which does not at all
M e n its Beauty, or the Delights its
A ir and Soil afford. Within its Com-
pafs being twelve Miles, or rather fif-
teen including the Seraglio and its G ar-
dens, are contain’d about a Million o f
Souls; it being the molt populous City
in Europe, next to Paris. The Houfes
arelo w , being Built o f Wood, orW ood
and Mud, and therefore very fubjeft to
Fir 5s- . -
1 he Royal Mojchs are noble Stru-
dures, as are the other publick Build-
ings, and the Palaces o f great Men Mag-
nificent. There are rich and graceful
Bazars, or Markets fuitable to the G reat-
nefs o f the City , and feveral Fountains
o f good W ater, brought from far in
long Aqueduds, to ferve all Parts. T he
Streets are narrow and crooked, and
tho’ Pav’d, not to compare to ours in
Italy. It abounds in good Fruit all the
Year 5 as alfo in Filh, Flefh, excellent
Bread, and all an Epicure can defire, at
very reafonable Rates. This C ity was
the Theatre o f Religious Controverfies
betwixt Catholicks and Hereticks, ac-
cording to the Inclination o f the Empe-
rors and Emperefles, and therefore four
general Councils were Celebrated there *
the firfl under Pope Damafus in the Year
38 i i the fecond under Vigilius in 5 5 3 3
the third under Agatho in d8o 3 and the
fourth 'under Adrian II. in 859.
The s<- T h e Grand Signior has two Seraglios
HgUo. in this M etropolis3 one in the midlt o f
it call’d the old Seraglio, where Maho-
met II. L iv ’d, after taking the C ity by
Aflaults on the third Day o f Pentecofi,
in the Year 14 5 3. and there every new
Grand Signior fhuts up his Predeceffors
Women. The other call’d the Great
Seraglio, is that where the Sultans re-
fide, when they are in Confiantinople, be-
ing in the Eaft part o f the C ity, water’d
on two fides by two Streights; that is,
the great fide by the great Streight,
running out o f the W hite to the Black
Sea, and the other by the little one,
made by the W aters o f the great one
running up the Country fix Miles to-
V o l.IV .
i s
<SL
~. J f
wards the frclh W ater o f Cbitana. It
is enclos’d by a fingle W all with old
Tow ers, thofe towards the Sea fquare
and thofe towards the City round, where
the Ac.amoglans keep Guard to hinder
all Perfons" Approaching. T h e Sultan
has Built a Summer-Houfe to take his
View all round upon one o f the T ow ers
that looks towards A fia, whither he of-
ten reforts to Divert himfelf. T here is
nothingRegular in the inwardStrudures *
but only confufe Apartments, and G ar-
dens on its uneven Ground planted with
Cypreffes, and other T rees ; but the
Leading o f the top, and the gilt M ina-
res, or Turrets, yield a noble Profpedl
as alfo the Mofch within it, efpetially
when the Sun fhines on them. Towards
the Sea there are fome Galleries, on the
outfide cas’d with Marble, and within
Painted and G ilt, where the Grand S ir-
takes the A ir, when he comes to
D ivert himfelf with Fiflfing. On that
Point wlvch looks towards Scutaret
there are feveral Pieces o f Cannon in a
row on the Ground tofecure the Place-
and on the fide o f the little Streight
there lie feveral Barges prettily G ilt
for the Service, and Diverfion o f the
Sultan. Befides the many Gates all a-
bout, the three principal Ones are thofe
on the fide o f St. Sophia, which lead
to three fpacious Courts. In the firfl
on the one fide are the Apartments o t
the Az.amoglans, and on the other fide
the Infirmary o f the Slaves o f the Sera-
glio. The fecond Court has Cyprefs-
T rees planted in the middle, and the
fides are taken up with the Kitchins o f
the Seraglio, the Stables, the D ivan t
which is a large Room where the Viper,
and other Counfellors meet to Confult
about Affairs o f State, the Hafna, or
Treafury-Cham ber, where Taxes and
Revenues are laid up, and on the other
fide the Odes, or Lodgings for the Ifci-
oglans. In the third is a great Hall
where the Grand Signior gives Audience
to the Ambafladors o f Princes that come
to the P o r t3 which is the fame as the
Saltans Court. Further in are the Oda-
Uche, or Apartments o f the Maiden
Slaves, kept for the Emperor’s Pleafure j
whither none may Pafs but the Eunuchs
that ferve them,
Having the belt I could delcrib’d the
Seraglio, whereof no further Account
cSn poflibly be had, unlefs from the
Mouth o f fome o f the Eunuchs that re-
fide in it, I cannot pafs by the noble
Profpeft Confiantinople affords. F o r tho’
w e have given but a rough DrattghE o f
K m
-
/> V — < V \
fd )!
N
sN^^f .vXfiy^A
74. ^ Faytfge ro#W the W O R L D .
fV A -< 0 its Buildings within, becaufe the nar-
GemtBi. rownefs o f the Streets hinders the Plea-
16^94. fore the Eye (hould take in beholding
< /W > them-, yet on the outlide the Houfes
ftanding upon feveral rifid | Grounds,
the Roofs being lofty, and the Fronts
beautify’d with feveral Colours, as w ell
towards the Sea, or Streight, as towards
the Land, it yields a moft wonderful
and furprifing Sight. It may be boldly
Aflerted, T h at the W it o f Man could
not choofe out a better Situation in the
W o r ld ; the fame Place at the fame time
affording the Delights o f Europe, and
the Pleafures o f A fia , for when the Eye
is glutted with the Sight o f the beauti-
ful Plains o f Romelia, it is but looking
about beyond the Streight into A fia,
and after lamenting the Ruins o f Calce-
don, it is re-created on the fruitful Soil
o f Scuraret, cover’d with a regular
W ood o f C yprefs-Trees, improv’d by
abundance o f Fruit-Trees to pleafe the
Pallatc at all Seafons, and Peopled from
many Villages along the Streight. W hich
Profpect extends twenty Miles to the
Black Sea, where Pompefi s Pillar was
Ercdted, which is now no more, but
there are T rees o f a prodigious bignefs
on the Sea-lhore, Then looking again
upon Europe, which by reafon o f the
winding o f the Streight feems to join
to A f i a , it is curious to behold many
considerable T ow n s both 0.1 the Hills
and Villages. The fu ll that appears,
h m fic ita fii ; then the Villages and Cities
o f S o n d a c h , T o p a n a , G a la r a , V e r a , A fia -
c a p fi, C a ra c h io y , C a jfiu n -B a jfa , T a rfia n a ,
D t v a n a n a , and Afiaiy; befides many mag-
llxficent Palaces and Gardens o f B a f a 's ,
and great Men o f the Country, on the
Hills, and on the Banks ot the little
Streight. Hence it is, that coming from
the Sea, the Eye is as it were diftraaed
with fuch variety o f P ro fp c d , and
khows not where to f i x ; for the nearer
the Veil'd approaches on the W ater, the
more the Scenes change, and new ones
appear. , atp reien t, it runs to Ruin. Going into
G dm . G a la t a being look d upon as a Suburb
o f Conflaminople, as being but half a
Mile diftant, which is the breadth o f the
narrow Streight, it is not to be parted
'1; 0’’V 1CS Metropolis. T h is City long
poirefs d by the Republick of Genoa, has
excellent Buildings within the compafs
o f two Miles its Walls extend. Its Si-
tnation is part Plain and part Hill, on
the top whereof is a ftrong and high
T o w er, by means whereof the Repub-
lick kept the City eight Years, whofe
Arm s are ltd] to be feen on the W alls,
S t
lb
§ l
Book 11.
M oll o f the Franks Live in this City
and the reft in Pm*, for whom the*Di-
vine Service is attended by the Jefuits
Dominicans, Capuci.ns.mdRecoLts with
whom, the Catholick Patriarch’ liv e s
and their Church is a Parilh, as is that
o f the Dominicans. ’
Vera is feated along the little Hill ad- v
joining to G alara, being but narrow and
uneven. Here the Ambafladors o f Chri-
ftian Princes refide, as the Emperors
thofe of France, England, Fenice and
H olland; and here are other Monafte-
ries, one o f French Captains within the
Palace o f France; the other o f Reeders
o f the Holy Land, who Adminifter the
Sacraments indifferently, like the others
without any feparate Quarters or jurif-
diftion, but according as thofe pleafe
that make ufe o f them. T h o ’ it be an
open Place, there are good Houfes in it
which by reafon o f their high ftanding v
have the fineft Profped in the W orld
overlooking Conftaminople, and the Pla-
ces before mention’ d.
7 uefiday n t h , I went up thither to
fee the D evices turn round, and found
two French Jefuits, who had the fame
Curiolity ; it'w a s perform’d after the
fame maimer as I mention’d at Adriano-
pit, and therefore no more needs to be
laid o f it.
W ed m fid a y 13th , 1 went a-crofs the m tiR
Streight m a Boat, to fee another Mo- Z h g i
naftery o f D e r v ic e s in the Village o f
B f c it a f t , wliere I faw fuch another Dance,
in a ftately Room painted, near the Sea-
Ihore. A T u r k feeing me Laugh at that
F o lly, faid to me, T h is is Uke y o u r R e -
H gious M e n D tfc sp lin in g th em fielver In
my Return, I difeover’d at the end o f
the Village near the Shore a noble Pa-
lace, all Leaded at top, and with hand-
fome Galleries to the Sea. N ear this
Place was another S e ra g lio o f the "G ra n d
S ig n io T s Built by S u lta n M a h o m e t who
went thither fometimes to D ivert him-
felf, but none o f the Court Living there
it, I found a confufe Number o f A -
partments along the Canal, fome o f
them o f W ood, and all without anv
Rule or M ethod; a few Paces from it
is a great Garden without a W all, and *-
about that a Cyprefs G rove enclos’d with
a Summer-Houfe in the middle
Having feen this Village, I went to r w w
the other call’d F o n d a c li, where there is Village!
nothing greac; but the Houfes lying a-
long the Streight have the Profped o f
ic, and Conveniency o f Fi/hing, where-
o f there is great Plenty all along there ,
which
P. , ( ( . '' . , • '
(® . §L
/ _ .......... . S , . . . . “-........... - •

ChapTvI Of'YllKKY, ~ |f~

______ _____ ;------- :-------- :---- -—-—:— ----:-------- ;------------:...... -.....................•- —\— r--- ?------ r:----------- -
C \ J s ^ which is the reafon Fifh is fo cheap at o f Topand, w hete the Cannon is cal?;.
Gemelli. Confiantmople, that Tunny F ifh , taken Before the A rfen a l, was a prodigious
16 9 3. all the year about, is fold for a Farthing Culverin , 30 Spans lo n g , and feveral
1 / ^ T s J a pound, an Eel o f eight pound W eight pieces o f Cannon ; and among them one
for about 18 pence, and an hundred o f that Ihot out three B a lls, at as many
large Oyfters for five p en ce; the Turks Mouths at once firing. W alking ftfil
being no admirers o f Fifh. G oing on along the Bank, about Sun -fet, I. came
ltill by L a n d , becaufe the Streight was to the Suburb or C ity o f Galata, having
high, I came to the V illage and quarter gone about three Miles by Land.

CHAP. VI.

The Defer ipt ion of St. Soph ia, and other Imperial M o fch s, as alfo o f 0their
remarkable things in Conftantinoplc.

T
Hurfday 14th, having hir’d a Boat,
and a Jew to be my Interpreter,
I went over to Confiantmople to lee St.
Sophia. T h is noble Strudure is only part
o f a greater, begun by Jnfiin^ and fi-
nilh’d by Jufllm an, Emperors o f the
Ealt, who Confecrated it by the Name
o f St. Sophia. T h e Turks have deltroy-
ed great part o f it, and preferv’d only
the Duomoj which is the middle part o f
the old Church.
S. Sophia. T h e Diameter o f this Duomo is about
1 1 3 Foot. About the Mofch there are
two rows o f G alleries, each lupported
by many Pillars. T h e G reat Cupula
is built upon wonderful Arches, fultain-
ed by large Columns, cas’d with M arble:
In the Intervals between which, on both
fides, there are four llately Marble Co-
lumns, and two others further back. A t
the upper and lower end o f the Mofch,
are four other P illars, with lofty A r -
ches, which divide it into three parts.
T hefe Arches, and part o f the Body o f
the Mofch, are o f Mofiaick W o r k ; which
tho’ time, and the Turks have deftroy’d
much, ftill Ihews feveral Figures, made
in the time o f the Greeks. T h e Pave-
ment is all M arble, as is the Pulpit on
the left o f a halfT ribune, made by the
high A lt a r , to explain my fe lf the bet-
ter by T erm s us’d in Europe. Befides
theaforefaid Columns, there are fix very
large ones in the intervals to fupport
the firft Gallery, which goes round , as
does the fecond. On the right o f the
Niche is a good C lo le t, to which the
Grand Seignior has a private Stair-Cafe,
T h e T u r k s have a particular relp ed for
this M ofch, on account o f a Stone they
keep there, on which they la y , the
Blelfed Virgin walh’d the Infant Jefus’*
Linnen. T h ey alfo fhew a Tomb,which
Vol. IV.
they la y , is the Emperor Confiantin’S.
Abundance o f Lamps hang all about.
Having given the Iman or Prielt ten
P ara.u , he permitted me to g o to the
firft G a llery, up a large Arch’d Stair-
cafe o f Marble, where 1 found feven fe-
veral large fpaces about it, like 7 Chap-
p els; but on every fide there are three
Arches, which leave a great fpace be-
tween the W all and the Gallery. T he
Columns on the inlide are five to every
Arch, o f Green veiny Marble, and four
bigger o f white M arble, on both hides
next the W all. A t the lower end o f
the Mofch, over the great G a te , which
makes the,7th. Arch or C happel, there
are four others o f green veiny M arb le;
lb that in a ll, they make 34 of black
and green M arble, and 24 o f W h ite ,
Handing on the Arches rais’d upon the
low er Pillars. T h e Arches o f the G al-
lery are alfo o f Mofiaick W o r k ; but the ^
Faces o f the Saints and Angels have
been all batter’d and fpoil’d by th eT arir;
filling up thofe places with Colours, and
W ritin g thereon the Name o f God in
Arabick Characters. T he Pavement,
W alls and Pillars are all cas’d with good
Marble. T h e Prielt (hew’d me a Buri-
al Place o f a prodigious depth in the
lame place on the le ft, where he told
me, the Turks were Interr’d.
T here are two long Arches that lead
to this famous T em p le; the firft has
tw o Gates at the end, and four in the
m iddle; the fecond which is Mofiaick,
has five in the fro n t, and two on the
fides. • When in this fecond, there ap-
pear nine Doors, the middlemoft where-
of is o f B rafs; the two on the fides ot
it are open, and the other fix kept Ihut,
fo that they take up almoft all one fide
o f the Mofch. Over that brazen G ate,
K i wle

11
( ® ) ^ (S t
76 A Yoyage round the W O R L D.
e\ A / "> the T «rl that was with m e, fhew’d me
Gemelli. a D ove, the Symbol o f the Holy Ghoft,
169 4. and an Image o f a Saint in Mofaick W ork,
* S Y ~\3 half defac’d by the Barbarity o f the A la-
hometans; befides thefe nine Doors,there
are four on the fides, and two behind
the N iche, or high A ltar oppofite to
the great Seraglio.
A t the Angles o f this Stru&ure, there
are four T o w e rs, with Balconies about
them, into which the Muezims go five
times a day to call the Turks at the fet
hours to their Naama, or Prayers. Be-
fore the Front is a Porch, where the
Mahometan Women fometimes go to
fay their Prayers. T o conclude, the
Strudure is fo prodigious, and the W all
o f it fo thick, that it feems to have
been built for a F o rt, rather than a
Church.
Tombs. Befides the Dwellings o f the Im ans,
about the laid M ofch, there are on the
left fide, feparate from the Body of it
Tom bs ot ieveral Saltans along the en-
clos’d Church-yard. T h e firft is o f M a-
hornet, the fecond o f Selim, the third o f
Am ur a t , the fourth o f his Children,
which were about 1 2 0 ; and the fifth ,
next the Mofch o f the Saltans-Mujlapha,
and Ibrahim. T h e ft Tom bs are made
like Cupulas, Leaded without, and Paint-
ed w ithin, after the Country Fafhion;
as the W alls without are cas’d with
ordinary Marble, and within with a finer
f o r t , >and fine Tiles. T h e Ground is
cover’d with good Carpets, and in each
Tom b two great Flambeaux weighing
about 300 W eight in W ax each, with
il great Turbant on them. Within them
are bury’d their W iv e s, Children and
Brothers; but the Sultans and Saltanejfes
T o m b s, are bigger than thofe o f their
C hildren, which have no Turbants on
them. T h ere are Imans, or Priefts ap-
pointed to look after all thefe Sepulchers,
One thing peculiar, I obferv’d in S. So-
phiS, which i s , that no Women being
allow ’d to go into the other Mofchs, in
this they may enter, i f they are not fa-
tisfy’d to pray in the Porch.
Sulunm • Friday 15th , I went to fee Sultan H a-
met's met’s Mofch, in the Afm edian, or Hippo-
Mofch. drome. For beauty, it exceeds S. So-
phia, but is not fo la rg e , and it Ihews,
. no coft was fpar’d about it. The great
Cupula o f this M ofch, (for they are all
built after the fame Fathion, and fuftain-
ed by four large round Pillars, )casd with
fine M arble, o f feveral Colours, beau-
tiful to behold ; and there are four
fmaller at the four Angles. By the great
Pillars, there are other thick Marble
tB
Book II.
Columns, befides the little, fupporting
a curious Gallery , that goes round in
The Ground is laid with good M arble,
and cover’d with Rich Carpets ; and
there are Lamps hanging in all P arts,
with other W orks o f Criftal, o ffe v e -
ral C olours, to adorn the place. A t
the end, is a large Tribune o f fine Mar-
ble, and on the left o f it a Pulpit o f the
fame Stone, it has three Brafs Gates
well enough wrought at the three fides.
T h e firft: place, or Church-yard, is en- '
clos’d with ordinary M arble, and there
are feveral Doors to it, with Iron fteps.
On both the outfides o f the Mofch, there
are tw o Galleries, adorn’d with feveral
hundreds o f final! Pillars, worthy the
Obfervation o f curious Perfons, and a-
long them feveral Fountains for the
Turks to walh them , they being o f O -
pinion, they thus cleanfe both Body
and Soul from all filth,
T here are alfo three Gates, that lead
out o f the firft into the fecond C o u rt,
or Church-yard ; on the fides w hereof,
are 20 Marble Pillars, that hold up the
Arches o f 20 Leaded Cupulas. A ll the
Ground is laid with Marble, with a great
Fountain in the middle. T h ere are fix
other handlbme Cupulas gilt at the to p ;
three on each fide o f the MofcbJ In all
thefe Mofchs of Confiantinople, and A dri-
anomie, befides the apartments o f thoft
that ferve them , there are others for
pooc P eop le, who are there inftrufted
in V irtu e , and maintain’d out o f the
Revenues o f the Mofch.
Saturday 16th, in a place near St. S o­
phia,I law foverall-ions, T ig ers, W olves,
and Foxes, which are fhewn, paying a
few Paras.
N ext I went to fee the Atm edan, or The
place where the Soldiers exercife, fo- melrn,
call’d, becaufe it was formerly the H ip-
podrome, or place of riding H orfes, in
the time o f the Greek Emperors. In
the midft o f it, on the Ground, are fix’d
three Serpents, twining about with their
Mouths open , at the end o f the C o il,
a good piece o f Workmanlhip, remain-
ing from the Chriftian tim es, o f which
W riters tell many Fables. Lower than /
that, is a tali Obelisk, almoft coulum’d
with A g e ; and on the other fide, a Py~
ramid erefted on four round Pillars o f
Brafs, a fpan high, on a Pedeftal made
o f one fouare piece o f Marble, and w rit a vyn-
allrou n d in L atin , and Greek L etters; mid.
but it is very difficult reading o f three
Latin V e r fts , a great part o f it being
bury’d in the Ground ; the V erfts are
thefe:
D if.
111 <SL
Chap. VI. Of tI T RKY.
- .- ... . _ .. . . Before I took Boat to return to G a- The 4 m v
Diffictbs quondam Dormms parere Jerem s lata, I Paw the Ja n ifa rch i, on the S H o a r M ^
, d* extintlis palmam portare T y- o f the Streight. T h is is a Strudure
rW , confifting o f tw o long A rc h e s, in one
Omma Theodofio cedunt , Jobohque pe- of w h ich , there are feveral D rugfters
rennt- Shops, and in the other Linnen D ra -
- „ ... . , , . Pers- T h is is commonly the f r i t place
G tm dli By wblcf? .may be gather’d , that it m the C it y , where die Plague breaks
,7 " was erc<Sed 111 honour o f che EmPeror ° u t , becaufe it is very moift and the
Theodo/tus, whofe Figure is feen on the Drugs make the A ir unliolfom e, as has
top, and this for the Union o f the Greek been found by experience in the late
and Latin Churches, which happen’d in Plagues.
his time. It is not fo large, or high as Sunday 1 7 t h ,' a fte r hearing Mafs I , ,
Cleopatra^ Pyramids at A lexa n dria ; fo r went again to Conflantimple, to fee the S o T *
the Foot is not fix Spans fquare, and the Celebrated Mofch o f the Favourite Sul~
height 5 0 ; but it has the lame H iero- Mother to the Em peror now R eign -
glypbkhrand Charaders on it, as that in ing, and to Mahomet the IVth. In the
the Balfam Garden at Caire. firft Court, or Church-yard,is her T om b ,
N ear this place^ is the Sepulchre o f and thofe o f her Sons^ brought thither
Sepulchre Hamet, and his Children, built after the from Adrianople. Its Cupula is fupnort
fame manner, as thofe already deferib’d, ed by four Pillars, in the Intervals bc-
that i s , casd with M a ib le , infide and tween which, there are rows ol M arble
outfide, and the Ground cover'd with Colum ns, orderly difpos’d , and all the
Carpets. W alls crofted with M arb le, and til’d.
The 1 went ° l5t o f c^nofity to the Ja jfir- 1 here is a way to go all round the M ofch.
S la v e ’s B afar, to fee the Market o f Slaves. T h is under the Arches ; on the Angles where-
Market, is a place enclos'd, with many T rees in o f , there are other handfome half C u-
the m iddle, and many W alks or G alle- pulas. In a W ord , the Eye can behold
ries about i t , under which the Slaves nothing more beautiful, either for fim-
and the Sellers are. T h e manner o f m etry or coftlinefs -, as w ell on account
felling them is o d d ; for after praying o f the Marble, with which the Ground
fo r the Grand Seignior, the Seller holds is laid, and then cover’d with C arp ets: ■
the S lav e, that is to be fold by the end A s for the rich Lamps hanging in the
o f a C lo a th ; and on the other fide, the middle, at the end o f it, is a’ good M ar-
C rier goes Proclaiming the price. He ble T rib u n e , or Clofet for the Sultan
that has a mind to b u y , uncovers the who goes thither up a noble Stair-cafe*
Slave’s Face, and feels him or her, in fe - and through a cover’d Gallery in the
veral parts o f the B o d y , as we do in firft Court, and behind the Mofch. On
buying Horfes or Affes. the left o f the N ich e, is a Marble Pul-
The Bif- Hence I went to the B fclften , a place pit, as alfo a beautiful G allery about it
tiften. cover’d , where there are many R ich adorn’d with curious Pillars.
Shops, in which they fell all the richeft In the firft Court, which is enclos’d
things to Cloath and A rm a Gentlem an, there are feveral Dwellings for the I -
as alfo Horfe Furniture ; all the A rm s mam, o r Priefts that ferve the M ofch,
being g ilt , and the Furniture Em broi- w ith Fountains and T rees in the midft
der’d and cover’d with Jew els. T h e o f it. T h ere are three Doors out o f
A rch is fuftain’d by eight P illa rs, leav- this firft, into the fecond Court or C lo i-
m g three long W alks a-ferofs the mid- f t e r ; in which there are about 20 C o-
dle, to which there are four Doors from lumns o f good M arble, and about 28
the lides. N o t far from hence is the Leaded Cupulas on all the four fides.
The Set,. Sarfct, where there are W alks full o f T h e M ofch on three fides, has three
T ab les, with good Shops, affording all Gates wrought with B r a ls , and tw o
things a Man can defire. beautiful high T ow ers gilt at the top.
Th eVali- In my retu rn , I pafs’d through the at the end o f it.
dixtn, V alidaxan, which is a large Square en- Monday r 8th, I went in the M orning The in­
clos’d , about w h ich , there are many to fee the old quarter, or Corps de Guard i«ioi*Ur.
Shops in the firft flo o r, and in the le- o f the Ja n iz a ries, call’d Lfjttiodalar,
cond above it. T h is Strudure was e- which fignifies old Houfe. This is a
reded at a vaft Expence, by the Mother Strudure enclos’d with high W alls,w ith-
o f Mahomet the IV th, and the Revenue in which are the apartments and Lodg-
or it affign’d for the maintenance o f the ings for the Janizaries and their Officers,
Mofch built by her. capable o f containing fome thou lands,
In

71 CJ» \
A 'V — '

|(I)| <SL
.*sN/ «l

A Voyage round the W O R L D . Book II.

r s A / i In the midft of it is a great Court, with pnlas all white within and adorn’d vvith
M feveral Fountains for their ufe. T hey A M C h an gers. On the left o f the
16 9 3. have another .quarter call’d Gnegm- Niche , near the P u lp it, is a Tribune
Odar, or New-boufe, where others re- for the Grand Seignior, held up by fix
j -j „ ’ Columns, and another lower for the Ce*
Solmai’s Then 1 went in to fee the M ofch, remonies of the M ofch; which on that
Morch. bujjt by SeUnutn. the fineft without dif- fide fpreads out into two Arms. In fhort,
m te o f all I had feen yet, wich four fine not to tire the Reader, there are, as in
Tow ers upon the Angles. T he way all other Mofchs, Carpets on the Ground,
is firft into a great C ou rt, W all’d in ; Lamps hanging about, and T ow ers at
and out of th is, there are three Doors the Angles to call the People. Bajazet s
to nafs into the fecond, in which there Sepulcher is a-part in a round Chap,
are 24. Columns o f mix’d Marble, that p e l, crufted with Marble within and
fuftain the G alleries, and 28 Leaded without, with all the Ornaments men-
Cupulas. T he Ground is all laid with tion’d in the other Imperial Sepulchers.
Marble, with a Fountain in the middle, It was very dangerous going to Con-
compos’d o f eight Pillars, o f the fame Jhemmoftt for m e , becaufe there was a
fort o f Marble. The Mofch has one Taimacam or G overnour, who was a
D dor facing the fecond, and four on the great Enemy to Chriftians. He had •
fldes. T he great Cupula * as in all the caus’d 50 Baftonadoes to be given a
Others, refls upon four Pillars, having French Man, for wearing yellow Shooes,
tw o other froaller adjoyning to it, rifing he having forbid Franks to Cloath them-
from both ends o f the Niche, and there felves after the Tnrkijh Fafluon ; and
are five on each fide o f it, with four the fame to a poor G reek, becaufe he
large Marble Columns, above 50 Spans carry’d a Bottle o f W ine. He carry d
b jab him felf fo rigidly, afpinng to be Grand
Oii the right hand is a curious Mar- V izier, that he valu’d no Man, not even
ble Tribune for the Grand Seign ior, the EmbafTadors o f Crown’d Heads, to
fupported by fix Pillars. On the left whom he gave to underftand, that he
was the Pu lpit, and another open T r i- would pumfh the le a f offence commit-
bune, for the Ceremonies o f the Mofch. ted by their Family. Particularly the
T h e Pavement is all cover’d with fine Dutch Embaffador, who takes great de-
C arp ets, and the place lighted with light in Shooting o f Pheafants, which
Lamps. A ftately Marble Gallery a- are to be found at Belgrade, fix Miles
dorns both Tides o f the M ofch; behind from the C ity , had word brought him,
w h ich , at the fide o f the N iche, is a that i f he w ent thither any m o re , he
round Chappel, embellifh’d with good would caufe him to be hang d before
Marble, and the Pavement cover’d with the Gate ; he was therefore cry d up as
C arpets, where is the Tom b o f Soliman^ the dreadfulleft Man in the W orld. For
and others o f his Family. In the inner this reafon, I defir’d the French Conful
part o f the Chappel, is a row o f Pillars to appoint a JanizAry to go along with
o f fine Stones, and without it a row o f me, which he refus’d to do, layin g , it
Banifters. T he T om b s, as I obferv’d would expofe him \ for ft the Gtmacam
elfewhere, are cover’d with S ilk , T u r- offer’d me any affront, it would refled
bants lie on them , and there are great upon all the N atio n , and therefore I
Flambeaux at the fides. Hard by is an- IhoukLtake care how I went to Confa n -
other C upula, o f a meaner Strudure, tin ofe, for I Ihould certainly be thrown
with fame Tom bs after the fame man- into Goal. But, fince I was Travelling
ner the W orld out o f curiofity, I would not
Mrtet’s Going home} I took Sultan B a ja te fs for any danger omit feeing, one o f the
Mofch. Morch in my way. T h e firft Court o f prime Cities o f Europe, and therefore
it is large, and has three G ates; the fe- I continu’d to go every day. T he French
cond in which, are eight tall Ciprefs Embaffador us’d all his endeavors to
T rees ; has about it 2.9 Pillars o f mix’d have the Caimacam depos’d , but found
Marble,and 8 others in the middle,which it difficult, becaufe he was fupported
hold up a R o o f over a Fountain; 24 by the Sdtanefs, and the chief of the
Leaded Cupulas cover the Galleries a- black Eunuchs ; tho he was an Enemy
bout the Court. The Mofch has three to the Grand V iz e r, to whole Orders
D oors on one fide, and two on the o- he gave little Deference. They c all <3
ther. T he great Cupula Hands upon him Calolicos, a name given him by Ma~
four large Pillars, with two midling ones hornet the IVth, when he fet v d as a B al-
btr it. A t the ends are four other Cu- taZh becaufe he was a good Horfeman.
. Tuef-

Qo
111 <SL
CH^VJ. ~of t TO Tk y .
C \* K S ) Tttefday 19th, I hir’d a Boat, and went told m e, that three hours W alk from
Gemelli. over into A fta , crofting a Streight o f the C ity , at the place they call A nte-
1694. two M iles, which runs from the black chemer, there are a greater number o f
O ^ V X J Sea to the D ardanels, and Landed at Arches, better made, and larger.
Scutaret. T his is a great open V illage, Ihurfday 21 ft , I went to fee Mah'o- ,, , ■
Scumet. peate(j part jn tj,e plain, and part on the mef s M ofch, which differs little or no- Mofchf *
H ill, but pleafant enough, efpecially in thing in Stru&ure from the r e f t ; and
Sum m er, becaufe o f the Greens and therefore 1 will not be more particular
good T ru it T rees it has. T h ere are concerning it. Behind the M ofch, in a
g o o d o r Markets in the plain plain round C happel, is the Tom b o f
part. Sultan Mahomet the Founder.
Lemicr's Then I went to fee L ean d eis T o w e r, A ll the way 1 went that Morning, was
lower call’d in the Turkijh Tongue Chifculafi, among Houles and Streets, con fum’d by
feated in th e mid ft o f the Streight, on the laft F i r e , which has oblig’d the
a plain Rock, lo o Spans fquare, which Turks to live in Wooden Baracks, from
tho’ fo fm a ll, and in the midft o f the the place call’d A retet-Baxjcr, as far as
Sea, has frefh W ater. I found nothing Chemer , or Mahomet's Mofch. For fe-
remarkable in it, but only a few Pedrc- veral Miles along the Streight, there
roes, and 8 pieces o f Cannon, level with was nothing to be feen but difmal Me-
the W ater. It is fabuloufly call’d fo by morials o f the Fire, and the fame in the
the Turks, for being the Prifon o f Hero, place, call’d Zughure-Tuckfei, where they
Miftrefs to Leander, who fwam over to were re-building.
her, from the Lake where now the Se- A fter D in n er, I went to the Ti'fir- vifir-Xan,
raglio Hands, every N ig h t ; but if we X a n , a great fquare Building, full o f
believe our P o ets, and particularly 0 - Shops above and b e lo w , where they
v id r this hapned at the Caftles o f Sejlus Print Stuffs. N ex t to it , is a Pillar o f
and Abydus. Returning home , the Red Marble, o f leveral pieces, 60 Spans
Stream carry’d us near the Point o f the h igh , on which Conjtamine fet his own
Seraglio, whence_we return’d along the Statue, which in procefs o f time fell
Shoar o f the Streight. down. T h e Pedeftal is enclos’d with
Jru iU u Wednefday 20th, I went to the place a W a ll, and the Greek Letters on its
and Hone- o f Auret-Baz.ar, to lee the famous Pil- C ap ital, teftifie it was Erected in th e.
w'ttj’s Pil- lars ereffed, in honour o f the Emperors year 440. T im e has decay’d it, and to
1m . A rcadius, and Honorias. T h e Pedeftal prevent its fa llin g , they have ftrength-
is made o f eight pieces o f Marble y be- ned it with tz Iron Hoops. It has this
fides the Bafe, which is bigger and fquare. peculiar beyond the other Columns, that
T h e Pillar is made o f feveral pieces, on there are about it eight Cordons, o r
which there are fm all Figures cut in W reaths o f Stone running up to the
half re lie f, which to me feem’d to re- top o f it.
prelent a Trium ph, being like the W ork I proceeded to the Atm edan,or Hippo- lbrtkim'%
o f Trajan's Pillar at Rome. It is almoft drome, to the Seraglio, or Palace built Palace,
gone to ru in , and they have put three by Jb ra h im -B a JJ,Son in L a w , and Fa-
Iron Hoops about it, to prevent its fall- vourite to the Emperor Soliman the II.
ing. It is hollow w ith in , and there where they told m e , there were 600
was a winding Stair-cafe to go up to the Room s, which I could not fee the En-
top o f id ; there being a door at the tran ce, being forbid. It is feated on
foot o f i t , and another fmall one upon one fide o f the aforelaid Square, which
the C ap ital, round w hich, there was is made ufe o f upon publick Sports, as
room to walk. T w elv e Spans higher for Skirmilhes and Games at the Circum -
is another C a p ita l, where the Column cifion o f Ottoman Princes, and the Grand
ends. Having a mind to go in, I found Seignior comes to this Palace to fee
the Stair-cafe flopp’d up with abundance them.
o f Stones, nor could I take its heighth, Friday 22th , having heard Mafs be-
becaufe o f the jealous temper o f the times, I pafs’d over to ConftantinopU, to
T urks, and feverity o f the Caimacam; obferve the compafs o f its Walls. B e -
but as near as I can guefs, it may be 14 7 ginning next the Streight, and going
Foot h ig h , as Veter Giglio obferves. out at the Gate o f E gri-C apji, or the
AnAque- Thence I went to fee the Aquedudt, black G a te , I went towards that o f A -
call’d Chemer. It is about half a Mile gevafare-Capfi,clofe to which the Streight
long, on many Arches o f B ric k , fome- runs; then turning back along the Land-
times one upon another, to raife them fide, I went about the W a ll, on a w ay
to the heighth o f the W ater. T h ey Pav’d with F lin t , which goes round.
Palling

* • JB

ei
IP §L
................... P ’ * *-

80 ^ Z79)wge r«jirk W O R L D . Book 11.

f V A > p Palling by five Gates On this fide, I faw lace, whereof a part towards the City
Cernelli. near that o f Adrianople call’d Edriene- is Hill (landing. It appears to have
1694* Capji, the Place where the Turks made been a large Strtifture, but Handing at
the Breach, at which they entred, and the end o f the C ity, it is rather to be
took the City. Coming to the great fuppos’d to have been a Houfe o f Plea-
Streight, which at the Point o f the Sc- Pure than any other ; becaufe it over-
raglio ftretches out a fmall A rm , I went looks all the Streight, and frelh W aters ■
in at the feventh Gate, call’d Tedicula, and that his Residence was near St. S c­
ot o f the feven Tow ers, there being no phia, where there are remains o f Pillars
more on the Land-fide. and Marble about the Garden o f the
The feven The Place properly call’d the feven Seraglio. In this Palace o f Confiantine's,
Towers. Towers is at a fmall diltance, and is a I wall told, a Youth (even Years before
Prifon for Prifoners of State, whom the that time found a Diamond among the
Sultan will not put to D eath; and to Rubbifh, which he Sold for about three
keep Hoftages. 1 had the Curiofity to Pence or a Groat Englifh, next it was
go into the firft Courc, and as far as I parted with for about two Shillings j
could obferve, it is like a fquare Caftle and the Stone being good, Saltan Maho-
with feven Towers in it Leaded, where met then Reigning, came to hfar o f it,
there arc good Apartments for Prifo- who Bought, and had it Cut/ when it
ners. _ T he A ir is wholfome, and good was found fo large and fine, that it was
to difpel Melancholy. In the Mutiny valu’d at above iooopo Crowns,
that hapned in 1648, the Soldiery in- After Dinner I return’d to Confimti- ThtEfoui-
cens’d againft Ibrahim their Sultan, drew nople to fee the Efqui-Serray, that is, the Semy.
him from the Seraglio to the feven T ow - old Habitation. This is a Royal Stra­
w s, and there Strangled him. The Sul- glio, where all the Women are kept up
tan O fm an d fd in the fame Place, and that have ferv'd former Sultans, as was
the fame fort o f Death, upon another faid before, whence they never come out
Mutiny in 16 2 2 . unlefs M arry’d to fome Bajfa s. T his
The Revenues o f Mofchs that are any Place is enclos’d with a W all 24 Spans
thing coafiderable are alfo kept in thefe high for two Miles in compafs, within
feven T o w e r s ; fome o f them being which are the Lodgings, and Gardens *
worth above 1 00000 Crowns a Year, for thofe Ladies Diverfion. T here is no
T h is Treafure is kept to make W ar up- going into it, the Gate being guarded
on Chriftians, in defence o f their L a w ; by Janizaries and Capigis.
nor dare the Turks put it to any other Near the Efqri-oddor, or Street o f the Scefade-
Ufes. On the outfide, I faw a Door Ctjede-Bafci, I went in to fee the Mo/ch Eimifi
Ihut between two Tow ers, near which o f Scefade-gsamifi, Built by the Son o f a
there were Angels and Saints cut in the Sultan. About it is a noble Court, with
Marble in half Relieve, which fhew it feveral Buildings for Imams, with three
was Built by the Chriftians. Gates leading to the fecond Court, or
T h e W alls o f Conftantinople next the Cloifter, where there are about fixteen
Streight are in fome Places fallen down; Marble Columns that fuftain 22 CupuiTs
the Part that remains Handing has T o w - all Leaded In the middle is a curious
ers on it at equal diftances. On the Fountain, the top whereof is held up
Land-fide, there are fmall weak Tow ers by little Marble Pillars. There a,e three
after the antient manner, with a {hallow Doors to the Mofeh, whofe Cupula Hands
Ditch, before which there is a W all on four large C olum ns; for the reft
Breaft-higb for Musketiers. there are the Tribunes, Carpets and
Compafs Continuing my W alk round within Lamps as in the others. Having feen a
01 the Cl- the Gate o f Tedicula, there being no Sepulchre, which they told me was Ibra-
going on the out-fide but by W ater, I him Bajfa's, I went out, and leeing o~
came to the Seraglio; and proceeding thers in my way, Curiofity led me again
from thence along the Streight, I made into the firft C o u rt; where in a Chapel
the T ow er or Round at a moderate rate, I oblerv’d two Tombs o f Sultans with
in four H ours; fo that I look upon Con- Feathers in their Turbants under Silk
fiantinople to be twelve Miles in com- Canopies, after the Turkijh Falhion. A s
pafs, as was faid before, bolides three I was going out to view the reft, I met
Miles the Seraglio makes, which in all a Jan izary, who call’d m e ; but I fear-
js fifteen. By the way I faw the Mofch, ing to be Robb’d, being in a folitary
and Sepulchre o f Sultan Selim. Place, and having forty Zecchines about
Near the Gate o f Agn-Cdpfi, are the me, made hafte away, and perceiving
remains o f the Emperor Confiantineh J?a- him Purfue, began to run out o f the
Place.

:-;X ■/.,£ 1 4
/ J S * ■ e° 5 x
? (t)f
Chap. VIII. 0/ T U R K y !
( \ J ^ n Place. T h e Janizary feeing one o f his
Gemelli. Companions call’d out to him to flop
l 1693. me, which he did, there being no way
w ' W fo r me to Efcape.. Thefe Turks having
fearch’d, and found nothing about me,
led me to the Ffqui-odolar, which was
clofe by, and bringing me before a Man,
whom 1 fuppos’d to be an Officer, ac-
cus’d me as a Spy. He examin’d me in
good Italian, and I told him I was come
out o f Curio/ity to fee the Tombs. He
rep ly’d there was no feeing o f them,
becaufe o f the extraordinary Jealoufy o f
the Turks, but that he Excus’d me this
time as being a Stranger, who knew not
the Cuflom o f the Country, and warn’d
me to make hafte to Galata^ and return
no more to Conftantinople } as alfo to be
thankful to the Turk that fet me at L i-
berty. I thought I had feen my A ngel
Guardian, who deliver’d me out o f P ri-
f o n } and doubtlefs he was fome Italian
Renegado, for he fpoke the Language
better than my felf. I accordingly made
hafte back to Galata, which I had fear'd
I Ihould not fee in fome D ays} fo dan-
gerous is Curiofity among Barbarous
People.
Creel In my Return, I pafs’d through the
Church. Quarter call’d Fener, and went into the
Church arid Houfe o f the Greek Patriarch,
T h e Church is narrow and low , with
live Arches on each fide, which divide
it into three Hies, and has a few Silver
Lamps hanging in it. On the L eft is the
•Patriarch’s Seat, afeending four Steps,
on the R ight Hand going in is a piece
o f our Saviour’s Pillar, three Spans high,
about the fame thicknefs, and R ed and
, fcaffing under a Stone-Bridge three Miles
Tbe Arfe- Saturday 23d , I hir’d a Boat, the Day
**U being fair, to D ivert my fe lf on the
Streight. It is much Pleafanter being
on it, than on the Pojtlipo at Naples, for
it is to be enjoy’d at all times o f the
Y ear, and the Profpect is better by rea-
fon o f the View o f Confiantinople, where-
o f we have fpoke before. I went along
as far as the Villages of Afacapfi, Cara-
chioy, Cajfun-Bafcia, and Tarfend, where
the Galleys are. G oing Affiore, I had
the Curiofity to fee them Building G al-
liots, Brigantines, and other Veflels un-
der fourteen Arches. T here were five
G alleys finilh’d, and the Keels o f three
others} befides fix large G alliots, which
they told me would foon be Launch’d
to ferve on the Danube in the H m ga-
rian W ar. Clofe by was the Captain
B a ft’s Houfe, water'd on three fides by
the Streight, and handfomly Built. A t
a fmall diltance, on the top o f a Hill,
Vol. IV .
| / $ 3
<SL
IT
near the Shore was the Village o f D iv a .
nana. T h ere were alfo in the fame
W ater twenty Men o f W ar Built in the
Black Sea, the biggefl: o f which carry’d ♦
feventy G u n s ; and that being Friday,
which is the Turkijh Holiday, they had
all cheir Colours Abroad. T h ere are
along the Shore above forty cover’d A r -
ches, and as many open for the Service
o f the Ships and Galleys. T h e W ater
is fodeep that they ftep Alhore from a-
ny VelTel upon a Plank,
Proceeding further in the Boat, I law Senay-
the famous Palace and Garden 0fS erray- SidifcU
Badifcia, on the Straight, adorn’d with Palace-
many rows o f C yprefs-Trees, and abun-
dance o f Lettices in the Galleries • and
cmbelliffi’d with fuch variety o f Colours
that it, in a manner obliges the E ye to
behold it. A t a great dfftance, all the
way inhabited, appears the Village o f
Afcuy, where the Streighc turns away
to the Right, growing narrower towards
the R iver. For this reafon the three
Miles they reckon from Galata to this
Village, by W ater, are not only D e-
lightful on account o f the Beauty o f this
Shore} but alfo for the other oppofite
to it where Confiantinople Rands, and for
the many notable Houfes on the W ater
even without the Gate o f Jevajfere-Capjt
and its Suburb Juph. T h e W ater four
Miles from Galata is frefli, by reafon o f
the R iver that runs from Belgrade into
the Streight. Sdeing that River ruri
fmooth, I caus’d the Boat to go on,
leaving on my R ight a Wooden-Houfe,
well G ilt and Painted upon the W ater,
buijt to take the A ir in Sum mer} and
further came to Chitana. This is a Place
that has but few Houfes, but o f Curio-
lity, becaufe o f a Machine there is on
the R iv er, which turning a W heel,
blows five pair o f Bellows belonging to’
fo many Forge9, to melt the Iron, which
is thence convey’d to the Moulds to call
Bombs for the W ar. There being no
going further, becaufe o f a Fall the R i-
ver makes down the rugged Hills, I
turn’d Back.
Mr. Whit'ton, a rich Fnglijh Merchant
came at Night to our Inn to Sup and
D rink with u s } for tho’ there were fix
French-Men at the T able, yet the W a rJ
between Nations are not to break p ri-
Vate Friendffiip, efpecially in a ftrange
and barbarous Country. T h e English -
Mail Eat, and Drank heartily, as did a
Gendefe his Companion, and the fix
French-Men } for by the fame T oken
they were all Drunk, and painted one
L ano-
' j
fl#
87 /4 F’07^ round the VV O R L D.
r O k - o anothers Faces without being Angry,
Gemelli. N ot being able to hold out at Drinking
1694. with them, 1 went away to Bed, making
faft my Door, which thefe Bacchanals
came to break open■, but finding it fall:,
were forced to go their way without
doing any thing.
Sunday 24th, I was told that the Day
before the Caimacam had been at Galata,
and fent twelve Greeks and one Jew to
the Galleys. Going afterwards to the
village o f Cdrachioy, I met the Son o f
/>. Jofiph Marchcfe o f M effm a, who
bought and fold Wine to get his Living,
as his Father had done before he got a-
way to France, by fpecial Favour of the
Grand Siguier*s.
Monday 25th, it was known that the
Caimacam of Conft antmaple had been put
• out o f his Employment, after holding
it three Months and a half and that the
Softa o f the Cattles was to fucceed him,
he being fent to the Government o f
Derberker, the M etropolis'of Mefppota-
mif •, and this becaufe in fo great a time
he had gain’d the Hatred of both Turks,
and Chriftians in that Government fo
little fuitable to his Birth, he being the
son o f a Greek Frieft.
No Re- After Dinner, I went over in a Boat
" i ’X to A Jia, to fee the Remains o f the An-
ttent Calcedon, where Landing, 1 found
nothing to prove there bad been fuch a
C ity, but the fair Ground it ttood on.
It is two Miles W eft o f Scutate:, oppo-
C H A P .
The Author’s Voyage to Smirna.
D
Efigning to go by Land into Perfia
with the Caravan, I refolv’d to
return to Smirna by Sea which
and D avid Mener, French Merchants o f
Marfeilles, and the latter Conful o f the
Nation underttanding, they both o f them
very civilly otter d me my Paflage Aboard
the Ship call’d the Jupiter, Commanded
by Captain Duran, o f the faid City o f
Marfeilles. The lame Offer was made
me by Captain Sereni of the fame City,
aboard his Veflel call’d the Swallow \
for the French are very ready to forward
any Body that Travels only to See and
W rite ; and Talking o f me, they would
lay to one another, This is a worthy M an,
Who Labours jor the Publick, and therefore
we are all Bound to Afftfi him.
|||; ' ■
v -
<SL
Book 11.
fite to the Seraglio. Near to it the Grand
Signior has a good Pleafure-Houfe with
a curious Garden adorn’d with Cyprefs-
T rees, which are very common in thole
Countries.
1 ufing fometimes to vifit Jam es O L
ver, Ambaflador from the States o f / * / ,
land at the Port, becaufe he was a Vir-
tuofo, arid Lover o f Travellers he out
o f Mr. Span’ s Book put me in mind
that I had omitted to fee the Emperor
M artian's Pillar, which others befides
me had fo rg o t; which gave me an Itch-
ing to return to Conftantimple, to fatisfy
this new Curiofity ; notwithftanding I
had promis’d the Renegade I would go
no more. In fpigbc o f the Danger I
took Boat Tuefday 26 th , and faw the
Pillar in the Court o f a private Turk's
Houfe, near the fame Quarter o f the
Janizaries. As near as I can guefs it is
fifteen Spans high, made o f one piece of
fpeckled Marble, with its Capital o f the
Corinthian Order, on which was a Iquare
Stone, with four Eagles at the four
Corners. I could not fee the Latin Ver-
fes the Ambaflador told we were at the
Foot o f the Column, they being per­
liaps funk into the Ground with the
Pedettal. Befides I was in finch hafte to
get out o f Danger, for fear o f meeting
the Italian Renegado, who this time
would have done me fome Diskindnels
that I would not ttav to have it nnco.!
ver’d.
V II.
I Thank’d them all, and accepted o f
the Kindneis Aboard the firft that ihould
John happen to S a il; but perceiving on Wed-
nefday 27th, that they were uncertain
when they Ihould S ail; for fear o f lo~
fing the Opportunity o f the Caravan
which I fear’d would fet out very loon’
I refolv’d to go Aboard a Turkilh Chd
amber, that was Bound fox Smirna Ha-
ving laid in my Provifion, we fet Sail
with a fair W ind onThurfday 28th ; but ’
fcarce had we run thirty Miles before
the Rats, or Matter, according to their
Cuftom, • came to an Anchor in an open
Road, on the fide o f Natal,a.
Friday 29th, we weigh’d three Flours
before Day, and that Evening drew
near the Ifland Marmora, but the Wind
being
1 .7 / ; p
: j
,4/-' -\\\
I\ *® |
X **^ V /
• . . K J M-a

chap, vii. ~of f tiRkY.. " 85

''V 'W '’' being contrary at N ight, we could get I would go Afflore, tho’ the Snow lay
Gtm elli. but little by Tacking. in the Country tw o Spans deep. Going
16 9 4 . Saturday 30th, about Noon, vve were to the French Vice-conful, who relided
C '" \ r v > ftiil opposite to thofe Iflands. T h ere there, I found him a Rude Unmannerly-
Tnd7ve are five o f tiiem » £he bi8§elt is calPd Man> who a ^ ’d me feveral impertinent
other Marmora, on which there are four fmall Qu eft ions, and at iait carry’d me to the
Illands, Villages, or Hamlets y the fecond B a f- A ga o f the G allic, giving him a very
cialim m , which are five Villages y. the ill Account o f me, and telling him, 1
third Fchnich, has but one y the fourth feign’d xny fe lf a French-Man, but in
Baglia, has two-, and the fifth Im ard, Jhort could be no other but fome F riar 1
has two more. T h e Soil, is fo good, grounding his Conjecture upon feeing
that, they fupply almoft all Constantinople me cover’d with a Cloak like a Friars,
with W ine at a moderate Price * for an becaufe o f the Cold y fo that I was much
O ka, weighing 48 Ounces, which is afraid I Ihould have been thrown into
about three.Pints, is fold for three O ra- GoaL However, the A ga being a D if-
no\ o f Naples Mony, being about three creet Man, faid it was enough if he law
Farthings EngLjh. , m yPafs. And the Eafc Vice-conful an-
T h e W ind blowing hard .at N ight, fwering he had feen no Pafs, and that
and the Channel being w ideft about M a r- I to Excufe my Self, faid it was Aboard
mora, we were forc’d back thirty Miles, the Veiiel, to prevent the Aaeds gro w -
to put into the Fort o f the ifland and ing jealous y upon fq many Obje&ions,
Village of Fchnich, on Sunday 3 ill. T h e I toqk my leave, faying, I was going
fame Wind continuing, kept us all M on- for it, to Ihew them y " but would not
day the s It of February in the lame Place 9 return thither any more, feeing how
and Jailing on Tuejday 2 d , three Hours Miftroftful the French-Man was.
before D ay, after fix Hours Sail, we Sunday 7th, after Dinner we had the
came to Gall;poll, 16 0 Miles from Con- ufual Vifit o f the Cuftomer, and Jam *
ftam nople. W e fail'd not on Wedmfday zary, who taking an Account o f all there
3d, becaufe rhe Sea ran high. T hat fame was Aboard the Ship, ask’d me whither
'N ig h t Vffin Wilder B a f a , came to G alli- I was Bound, and whether I had a Pafi.
poh, with a Retinue o f 200 P a fo n s a la n fw er’d , 1 was Bound fo r Stnirria, and
JHorfe-back, going from the Cattles to the Conful had feen my Pafs.
Constantinople, to take Pottcflion o f the , Monday 8th, the W eather was not fid
R ace o f Caimacam \ Calolicos being de- to Sail, but the Sea growing Calm on
pos’d, as was laid before, for bis ill Tuefday 9th, we fet 011c in the Morning,
Management. 1 his V izier had been Cai- and lay that N ight at Tenedos. T h o ’ the
macaw the Year before, and was much W ind continu’d fair on Wednefday 10 th ,
Efteem’d by the Franks for his good Qua- the Rais would not Sail, and it coming
lines. Xaxan, the French Vice-conful about afterwards againft us, we were
entertain’d roe in his Houfe very c iv il- forc’d to continue there whilft it laft>
ly y but at Supper omitted none o f his ed. ,
Pharifaical Superftttions, before Ipoken thurfday xoih, we all went Afhore,
.......... and I took up my Lodging in the Houfe
‘Thurfday 4th, I law the Londra, or o f a. Greek, where there were alio tw o
Veflel I earae Aboard o f from Bichier, French-Men, and two Venetians y one
In Egypt, and left at Rhodes y which in whofe Nam e was Paul, and the other
four Months time had not perform ’d its bis W ife, in Man's A pparel call’d Clare*
, Voyage, by reafon o f the Drunkennefs Friday 12 th , we all went to D ivert us
o f the Rai/f or Walter, who thought o f tw o Miles from our Place o f Abode
nothing left than his Buiinefsy and had for the Country A ir, and found all Parts
I not refblv’d to leave the Brute, 1 had well cultivated with Vineyards y fo that
ftiil lain Languifhing about thofe W afts, Mufcadine W ine is there fold fo r tw o
and the Courle o f my T ravels had been Para’s the Oka, and the more ordinary
conliderably interrupted. Sort cheaper, but they are both light
W e could not Sail before Friday yth, W ines, fit to drink at Meals,
becaufe of the bad W eather. Y et we Saturday 13th , we D in ’d at a Greek
came in good time to the Cattle o f N a - Priefts, who gave ns a good Dinner fo r
tolia, where w e ftay’d, becaufe the W ind our Mony. Sunday 14th, we heard Mafs
made the Sea run high. I was forc’d to in the Greek Church, whither ail the
lie Aboard that N ight, and therefore Chrittians o f the Country reported. A t
Saturday 6th, in the Morning, being no laft, Monday 1.5th, we Sail’d, being in
longer able to endure the Sea Sicknefs, Company four Chiambers, one Stick, and
Vol. IV . L z a. Lon*

9 S'
 Xjs** ■ Go*Sx
t(D|
//> —A \
■■ • •
84 // Fayfige round ihe"\V O R L D.
( W ) a Lon dr a ; hut ours being the bell Sai-
Gemelli. ler outftrip’d the others, and came firft
i<*9 4 - to the Strcight o f Babct, which the o-
thers could not enter, the W ind chang-
ing upon them.
W e held our Courfe all N ight, fo that
Tuefday 16th, at break o f day, w e were
in light o f Focia-, which we entred, with
much tacking, the W ind being a-head
o f us. Going alhoar, I hir’d tw o H or-
fes for a P iaftre , to carry me in the
Morning by Land to Sm im a, which was
40 Miles diftant ; confidering I might
perhaps fpend much time by Sea, becaufe
the W eather was bad. A Storm blew
at N ig h t, but the Sea grew fo calm in
the M orning, that they fent w ord be-
times, they were ready to depart.
Fodt W edtufday 17 th we fe to u t early. G o -
Town. ing out o f the Harbour, lo b fcrv ’d a fmall
C a ftle, with nine pieces o f Cannon le-
v e l with the W ater. A Bajja would
have built another on a final] I Hand, a
M ile diftant, but Death prevented him.
T h e T ow n o f Facia is final!, W all’d, and
has tw o G a te s , and an excellent Har-
bour, fit for great Ships clofe under the
W all. T h e W ind continuing f a ir , we
arriv’d at Smima. in the Afternoon, ha-
ving fpent 2 1 days in this tedious V o y -
age ; for a Chriftian may deftroy him-
fe lf, unlefs he be arm’d with Jo b 's Pa-
tien ce, among the T u rks, who always
ufe the afronting W o rd s, N afi N a fc i,
and G ia u r; and a Man has not always
the command o f his Pafiion. T h is their
Prefumption proceeds from their he-
Ing in their own C ou n try, and Superi-
o r in P o w er, clfe they would not dare
Falfnefsofto fpeak. T herefore it is convenient,
thtGreeks. that a Chriftian, as much as may be, a-
void going aboard a Turkijh V e fie l; for
tho’ there be more Greeks than Turks a-
board, yet the firlt are worfe than the
latter, and bear the fame hatred to C a-
tholicks; befides that in matter o f T ra d e,
they are greater C h eats, and Knaves
than the Turks themfelves. T h e A rm e-
m ans, tho’ Schifmaticks, have not fo
great an averfion; but rather endea-
vour, whenfoever occafion offers, to do
Catholicks all the fervice they c an ; as
I have often found by experience. Fo r
this realo n , on Thurfday 1 8th, I took
a Room in the Xan o f the Arm enians,
where the Caravan o f Perfta puts up.
Room s are there cheap, but without
any Furniture.
Friday ipth, my Friends did me the
honour to vifit me. Saturday 2 0 th , I
D in ’d with Monfieur Ripera. Sunday
2 ic h , being Sbrevc-Sunday, the Dutch
* • ' *'Vt /'f
B4>
§L
Book II.
to n fu l treated the Dutch and Engltfti
Merchants, and they Danc’d till next
day. T h e Englift) Conful did the fame on
Monday 22th , and feveral French went
thither mask’d and unmask’d ; the W a r EneliCh
between the tw o Crow ns n o 'w ay ob- 2nd mtck
ftru&ing the fair Correfpondence be- flighted,"
tween them in a ftrange Country ; and ^ Fren ch
therefore they faid , at Sea they would honourd*
have fought and done their D u t y , but
that they ought to be Friends in a
ftrange Country. In Ihort, during thofe
D ays o f Shrove-Tide, they met together
40 at a time, French, Englijh, and Dutch,
drinking m errily in the Neighbouring
V illag es, and among them the Sons o f
the French and Englijh Confuls. The
fame, as I mention’d b efore, was pra-
dtis’d at Conftantinople, between the
Dutch Embaflador , and Mr. M ener the
French Deputy. Perhaps other Nations
would not be able to conceal their A v e r-
lio n , and behave thetnfelves fo nobly.
In Other refpefts, thefe Englijh and Dutch
M inifters are fo little regarded by the
Turks, that they protect none but their
own Country Men (as they feveral .times
refus’d me) knowing that the Turks do
not value them. On the contrary, the
French refufe their Protection to no bo-
dy, not even to F'enetians, who contir
nue in the L eva n t, when the Repuh-
lick, and Grand Seignior are at W ar.
Tuefday 2 3 d , being the Iaft day o f
Shrove-Tide, about three hours in the
N igh t, there hapned an Earthquake, a Earth-
very frequent misfortune at Sm im a ; quakes.
and it was repeated on Wednefday 24th
A fte rn o o n , with the lame violence,
Thurfday 25th, I went a Shooting among
the Vineyards, where there are abund-
ance ofThrufties, and W oodcocks. F ri-
day 16 th at N ig h t, the Earthquake r e ­
turn’d tw ic e , but not fo violent. Sp­
turday 2 7 th , 1 pay’d vilits to Frien ds,
and Sunday 28th went out o f T o w n
with other Europeans to take our plea-
fure.
Monday the firft o f M arch, I was
brought into the ftrongeft T rouble that
could poflibly happen to a T raveller.
I was Summon’d before the French Con-
ful, by one Brancdeone o f Ancona, Mar-
r y ’d to a French Woman , who would
perfwade me I was not my own fe lf 3
but one John M ajfacueva o f Mefftna.
T h is Brancaleone had receiv'd lbme
Goods in the Name o f that M eftinefe,
for which he had given an Authentick
R e c e ip t; and he alledging, that th eC u -
ilo m -h o u feo f Sm im a had leiz’d and fold
them, would have me cancel the Inftru-
jn en t,
0
 <SL
;

Chap. VirT d f/l^ T W K Y . 8^-

ry ^ < ! ? ent> fo like ic, fee.ms was 1 to Ns Cre- only that you difcharge him, ancTthere-
Gemdh. ditar. T o undeceive him, I told him fore you mult not deny fo reafonable a
■ my Name and Country; and he not cre- demand. I could have run my Head
dl.u “ § m e» 1 w rit fome lin es, that he again!! a W all hearing them talk thus •
might compare my Hand with the M t f conlidering he was fo much xiiftaken in
& f 9*t and Put that Notion out ol his a Man he had dealt with, which is fotne-
He5 dV , j r • ,. what more than a mecr acquaintance,
Tuejday the 2d o f March arriv’d a nu- and that no W riting o f mine could dif-
merous Caravan from Perf a , o f n o charge him. The Cartful bluftfd iee-
llately Q m e ls, loaden with fine and ing me f r e t , and tell him I was not the
court!: S ilk ; but the Merchants durft not pretended M ejftnife; but i f he in con
fet out wlthfo fmall a Company for fear fcience could prels me to do fo felfe an
o f Robbers, which oblig’d me to take atf, 1 would do it, there being no other
other Meaforosy my defign o f T ravel- way to efcape that trouble; fince 1 had
lm g through Natalia being difappoiut- declar’d to him I was a D o&or o f the
ed. 1 he miftake o f the Anconeft made Civil L a w , and defrr’d him to call fome
good Sport in Smyrna. Wedntfday the Learned Jefuic to examine me Bra-n-
3 d , a Friend came in the Morning to cakont reply’d , I might have’ ftudv’d
acquaint m e , that he ftill perfifted 1 fince that buiinefs banned. A t length
mould cancel the Inftrument, and that not knowing how to decide the matter
thdre was no perfwading him I was not he went out, leaving n)e and the A n a l
the M iJJknje'} and therefore he would nefe to wrangle, and bidding us agree
again Summon me before the C on fnl, among our felves. T he dtfnute held
iKirtg fatisfy’d I (hould be Imprilbn’d , till N ig h t, the Debtor contending t!iu
« / dld ,noc comPj y with what he de- 1 was the M eftnefe, tho’ he heard me
hrd *, his W ife having great Influence talk a different Language. A t length I
over the C onfiil, who could not deny told him , 1 have none o f thofe w i i c -
iuin fo renforiable a Requeft y and the ings you ask o f m e; for 1 have rcceiv d
m ore, becaufe. fome Laid , I was very none fince I came out of Europe.; come
M e Majfacueva, and only differ’d from to my Lodging and fearth my Baggage
him iri my voice. This gave me iorne and W ritings, which perhaps will'con-
trouble, and I knew not. whaE to do, vince you. Taking Moolkur Ripera a-
becaufe 1 had no Protection but the Con- lo n g , and coming to my Chamber, t
fills. Therefore on Thmfday 4 th , I open’d my Trunks before them B rin*
lpoke to Monlieur Ripera, to fee what caleone began to fearch my Baggage and
method might be taken to undeceive the W ritings whilft I fretted, and turning
Anconefe; there being no reafon that I often to him Laid, You give me fuch a
to rid my fclf o f thciC ciiciimbnuicc^fhoiilcl Jiibjctl to w jtrt in my J\1auujct’ipts^ as hiu>
Perfbnate another M an, and cancel an not hapned to me in all my Travels, nor per-
Inftrument I was not concern’d in. He haps has any other Traveller met with the
told me, he was his Friend, and there- like. Brancaleone anfwer’d , Indeed it
fore he would not be concern ci iti it ts a mighty matter to make fo many Words
and the more, becaufe he law the Con- about. Night coming on in this tedious
ful had undertaken the buiinefs. T o croublefome fcarch; and they having
conclude, Brancaleone not lafisfi’d with feen feveral Authentick W ritings Seal'd,
feeing my Hand, Summon’d me, o n F n - which 1 could not have counterfeited;
day 5th, a fccond time before the Con- he was at laft fatisfy’d , and went his
fu l, pet-lifting that I fhould difcharge way, leaving m ein my Chamber to re-
him, be being fatisfy’d I was John M ef- fledt on the ft range Accidents a poor
faateva. T be Gonful added, T his Man Traveller is fubjeft to.
does not demand any Money o f you, but

C H A P .

91 ,
 ,<J\ \ w . .
ID
/ / > — nV \
.vffff/ , , .'
- m
' §5 A Voyage round the W O R L D .
C H A P .
The Author's journey to Burfa , the Metropolis o f B ith y n ia , and the
D efeription o f that City.
•Q E in g apprehenfive, leaft Brancale-
Geme/li. J j one’s mad fit Ihould return upon
itf 94 - him, 1 went on Saturday Night late to
C n T ’O find out the Cata m , or M uletier o f Bur-
fa , in order to go by Land to that C ity
with the firft opportunity. I hir’d two
Horfes for my fclf and Servant for 1 5
Fiafires, paying half as much a-part for
my Equipage. Sunday 7 th , I endea-
vour’d in hafte to take leave o f my
Friends, but not o f the Conful, for fear
o f the Ancon cfe -, and my Baggage,which
I had left with Monkeur Ripera , being
ready on Monday 8tb, we could not fet
o u t, becaufe the chief o f the Caravan
was detain’d by fome bufinefs.
Tucfday pth , we began our Journey
betimes, with the C aravan, confuting
o f 1 id Horfes and Mules. Every 15
days, fuch a Company goes from Sm ir-
na to B u rfa, like the Procaccis, or Mef-
fengers o f Naples. W e T ravell’d 30
Miles, 10 Plain, and 20 Mountain, to
Manafta. Here we joyn’d part o f the
Caravan, that fet out the day b efore,
and lay that Night at Bungarbafci, to
wait for the other Travellers.
Mtotafis Manafta is a City as large as Sm irna,
City- feated at the Foot o f a high Mountain.
TheH oufes are low, and o f mud W alls,
except fome belonging to Perfons o f
note. T here are in it abundance o f
Mofchs, and on the top o f the Mountain
an old ruin’d Cattle , which yet was
commanded by a higher Rock. It is
govern’d by a Cadi, who is allow’d 500
Afpers a day by the Grand S eign io r,
which the Turks look upon as great
pay.
I left o ff going by Sea, becaufe o f the
Infolency o f the Turks-, and thinking
I fhould fare better by Land, found jult
the contrary, meeting with no Lodging
that N ight but the bare Ground, on
which H ay’d my little Bed, and cover’d
my felf from head to fo o t, without ta-
king off my Boots, becaufe o f the great
Cold. Had I known the Language, I
might have got Lodging in the C ity, but
it was dangerous parting from the Cara-
van. T he Turks, who are hardy,thought
it nodifficult matter to lie on the Ground
in the open Air-, as they all did, fleep-
ing as found, as if they had been ingood
' B o '
— #•
'-
/>«
' 1 -
§L
Book II.
Y IIL
Beds} tho’ they were at the foot o f a
Mountain cover’d with Snow.
I walk’d quite frozen on Wednefday
ioth, and having nothing to defend me
from the cold A ir, endeavour’d to warm
my infide with Chocolate, and the out-
fide with a good Fire. W e fet forward
betimes through a plain C ountry, bat-
ing three Miles o f Mountain w a y , and
making no halt all day, but only to take
a fmall repaft, lay that Night, at the
Cunac, as the Turks call it, ol Balamuc,
a fmall Village feated in the Plain. Our
Lodging was in the Caravanfera, or Sta-
ble with our Beafts. T hree Miles from
Manafta, we rode along a Caufway made
over M arlhes} which mull needs have
been very expenlive, there being no
Stones in the Country about. Y et, tho
it was built at the coft o f the Sultan ,
and Neighbouring C ity , they do not
exaft any Toll on it, as would be done
in other Parts. A t the end o f this C a u £
w a y , we crofs’d over a large R iver on
a W ooden Bridge,
Thurfday 1 1 th, we mov’d before break
o f d a y , but there being abundance o f
loaded B e a lls , could T ravel but 3 2
Miles, or 10 hours, to fpeak after the
Turkish Fafhion, which is the diftance
to the Cunac o f Jalem bi. It is ve ry
troublefome Travelling at fuch a time
with T urks■, for they do not only refufe
to allow their Horfes any time to r e ft,
but even to T ravellers, fo that by, the
way 1 was forc’d to make u feo f thePan-
nel for a T a b le , thofe Muletires ufing
no Saddles. T o this, was added the
inconveniency o f the Caravanfera, where
we were forced to keep company with
our Beafts. For my p a rt, I made my
Bed in the M anger, afeer taking much
pains to dry i t , my Armeman servant
having fallen from his Horfe with it in-
to the R iver. But my Catergi had a
good ingenious B o y , who attended me
as carefully, as if he had been my Ser-
vant, for a few Paras's I gave him now
and then. The ocher Mahometans were
alfo civil to m e, and among the reft a
Moor o f Tunes, treated me with Coffee
and Melons.
Friday 12 th , we T ra vell’d over lin­
couth Mountains, fuffering much from
the
:(1)5 <SL
Chap. Vlll. (^fU RKY! ' 1 ^"
the Snow that la y on the Ground, and Lubat, by its W alls and T ow ers ap- L u fo T
Gemelli. that which then fell from the Clouds. pears to be an antient City. T h ere has City.
1694. A fte r riding 24 Miles in eight Hours, been a great Stone-Bridge over the R i-
O 'V 'O we came about N oon to Curiungiacb, a ver, but the Turks let ic run to Ruin
fmall Village among the Mountains, and go over in a Ferry. O f five Jew s
where 1 had Conveniency to R eft me. that were going with the Caravan for
In the Turkijh Dominions there are not Burfa, or Brnjfa, as the Turks Pronounce
above one or tw o T ow n s to be met it, the T ax-gatherer made one a Prifo-
with in a Days Jo u r n y ; and therefore ner, becaufe he had not the Billet to
T ra vellers muft take up with the Con- /hew he had paid the Head-Mony or
veniency o f the Xans or Caravanferas. T ribute, which is four Zeccbines for a
And here I remember that thofe Barba- Rich Man, two for others not fo well
rians ufe the W ord s N afi N afic, which to Pafs, and one for the Poor,
fignifies to ride ones Father and Mother, Wednefday 17th , we fet out in a Boat
and G iaur, to make their Horfes go the upon the aforefaid R iver, which is about
falter, which fame W ords they ufe to a quarter o f a Mile over, and runs out
A ffront Chriftians whenfoever they meet o f a Lake, or Pool, through which we
them. Provifions are not very dear on afterwards pafi/d in fight o f the final!
the Road, feven Eggs being fold for a Villages o f Caragaci, and Bulurnat, for-
Para, and a Hen for ten } good W inter m erly W all’d, as appears by the Ruins
Melons for two i W s a-piece, and as A fte r fix Hours, in which time we run
much Bread as w ill /erve a Man a D ay 2 4 Miles, we Landed near the Village
for the fame Price. of N acilar, where the Muletiers expedt-
Saturday 13th , we mounted betimes, ed us. Loading the Horfes, we advan-
and riding 33 Miles in Eleven Hours, ced fix Miles further in two Hours, and
over Mountains cover’d with Snow and refted at the Cunac o f Hajfan-Aga-cbioy
Ice, w e came to M indoyra, palling along where we found no Xan, but a fmall
a Caufe-way o f Flin t, three Miles from Stable, all on a Floor, too little to con-
the Xan. T h is Place, and eight other tain all the Men and Beafts, and yet we
fmall ones are feated in a Plain, enclos’d were not above twenty Perfons molt
with Mountains, much like that o f Apu- o f the Company having left 11s at Safe­
s t in the Kingdom o f Naples, and re- g reli, to go to Sardacf and thence to
fembles it in goodnefs o f Soil. Gallipoli, and fo to Adrianople. T he
A t Sun-riling, on Sunday 14th , w e great Xan was at Taatale, two Hours
continu’d our Jo urn y over wretched Journy further.
Mountains, and having T ra v e ll’d 33 Thurfday 18th, we fet out again be- B rr.
Miles in n Hours, came late to Safe- fore D ay, and riding 18 Miles in fix city!
grelh a Place o f few Thatch’d Houfes, Hours, came to Burfa, or Prufa. This
near a great R iv e r, with tw o /lately City feated in 4 1 D egrees, 40 Minutes
Xans. T h is D ay was unlucky to me, Latitude, is at the Foot o f the Moun-
for /laying behind to Shoot, and then tain Olympus, which the Turks call G ef-
putting on my Horfe apace, he fell four chifdag, or Refchifdag, and Ana-Tolay-
times with me in the W ater, and I was dag. "Some fay it was Built by Hanni-
w ell wafh’d. bal, after the Victory obtain’d by the
Monday 1 5th, we held on our way Romans over Antiocbus} others by King
through a Plain, but dirty C ountry, in- Prujias, in the Year o f the W orld 327 9 ,
fomuch, that going about to make all and that it was the Court o f the antient
the D ay’s Journy without Baiting, as is Kings o f Bithynia, before it was fubdu‘d
ufual, many ot the Horles Tir’d, lo that by Orcancs the 2d Ottoman Emperor,in the
we could ride but fifteen Miles in five Year 130 0. It was firit a Bilhop’s See,
Hours to the Village o f Hiermurgia, and afterwards a Metropolis, which Ho-
where there being no Xan, we were nours it did not lofe when it fell under
forced to Lodge in Turks Houfes. A s the Barbarian Yoke, for it was the Ot-
w eerofs’d the R iv e r, the Horfe that car- toman Court, before they took Conjtan-
r y ’d my Baggage fell, and wet it all. tinople■, and rightly confider’d is nothing
Tucfday 16th, having rode 15 Miles Inferior to it 3 for beiidcs that feveral
in 6 Hours along a d irty W ay, we came Sultans have refided in it, and many
to Lubat, where we ought to have lain Princes o f the Ottoman Family are there
the N ight before, had it not been for Bury’d, it has as great a T rade, and more
the had w a y , which oblig’d us to fend plenty o f Silk, becaufe o f the vaftQ uan-
the Horfes unloaded by Land, and the city brought out o f Soria, and all the
Baggage by W ater againft the Stream, E a il, which is there wrought, and fome
paying a Zecchint fo r the Boat. with

*
A X — ' nV n
Ip 1 <SL
yi Voyage round the W O R L D.
Z t 7 S io S ? 0 ? » p S whence the River
^ g re S
n f ^ l h o l chaV a l “ to the j w £ x .
T h J lMtaSnta n i s a f t l y high, Barren
J t the t o p a n d always cover’d with
Snow - i n ’the middle Part it abounds
with Pomgranates and at the Foot,
where moft o f this famous City is Bruit,
There are molt delicious Gardens but is
rnuch diferac’d by the prodigious Num-
ber o f monftrous Serpents it breeds,
T he Turks call this Mountain Cahyeron-
l o „ b c u f c o f he Monafteries there
oro», occa Country o f
S e famous Phyfidan AfiUpUdes; and o f
•n . vru&ti rail’d for his Eloquence
Cbryfoftormtil who left ten Books he had
w rit of the Virtues of Alexander the
Great, and eighty Orations in Greek.
T his C ity, which for its Baths may
be call’d th e P ozzhcIo o f Bithyma, as to
its Plan is irregular, and a meer confu-
lion o f Buildings; for being feated Eaft-
ward at the foot o f two-Mountains,
ward at cn . , ’ middle, and three little ones Luke-warm
5 - t E d S 1 i r t in the V a fe S
part on Cliffs& On a high Rock appears
the Grand S im eS s Palace, where the
Ottomans refifed a long time, enclos'd
with a pood double W all, with Towers
J ‘t o n e T ^ D i t e e s 5 but all goes to
» . , £ ^ r n S the carelefiiefs o f the
rT h Another Part of the City ftands
J the
on U fide,
fj la at
and „ the fnot
foot o
otf another
another
?hfrhbffor°e mention’d ‘ which over-cops
S e C a te ! “ a c u S Pm fpe^
o f the Country, planted with Vines for
feveral Miles about, and adorn’d with
Seafanc Gardens, and populous Villa-
ees ■ fo that in Summer the Gentry and
i & r i f t
J J j f S ’ ^ppTy feveral S a lte r s " tf°th e
tain to luppiy v.
Vv.nfinnintr fo rake „ view o f the
P ^ T r fn lT c itv and to begin
I f i- M §*
Oms-i-pr n f .lie Tews at the end where-
S on the f t ™ M e ’ o f £ Mountain !
found a good B ifcip n , an enclos’d co-
verM Place or Exchange, where they
fell rich Commodities, and better Serf-
V. » ' :fh ,.:’ u c!lf)m • and no-
£ S f a X 2 l £ £ E f a llo ts
Handier ifts and all very Populous,
Th^Houfes and S te e ls o f this City are
I '
: ^
*
Book 1L
but I believe not
X in g W op my Baggage in the Noble
X*« of f/dbfowi, I took a Jew to fhew Baths.
me the C ity, but as.We were going to
the Cattle, he was fenfc to Goal by die
Tax-gatherer for the T rib u te ; fo that
I was forc’d to get.another,, who led me
to the fo much fam d Baths, half an
Hours W alk from the City. Going m-
to the firft, call d m the Turkish Lan-
guage CapUgsa, which figmfies a hot
Place, I found m the firft Room, which
had two Cupolas, a good Fountain of
cool W ater * here they Strip, there be-
ing Sofa's round about to fit, and lay the
Cloaths on. There are two Doors out
of it to the Bath. On the Left is■ a
to lie in* fot fuch as wiO ftay dll N g ,
and other convenient Places with o
Fountains, and a cold One. Still fur-
ther on there is another Room, the R oof
whereof is like the others, cover d with
a Cupola, with Vent-holes for the Heat
to Evaporate, with a Fountain m the
on the fides. Further ftill on the Right
is a very little Room with three other
Springs o f W ater, and two on the Left.
Thence they go into the Bath, which is . %
Round, cover d with a Cupola full o f
Vent-holes, and feven Spans deep, two
pair o f Stairs to go down into it, and
about it feven Springs o f hot W ater. -
When
w ^ n I went there were
WaIh?d> many them„
and shav^ Turks
felves. When 1 had wafh'd, and had my
Back rubb’d with a Woollen-cloth not
being able to endur e the Heat, I wen
out, and waS Shavd by a Turk in the
fecond Room T his W ater comes fo
hot from the Mountain, that it foon
& ^ o « o ffc m w r «„-s
Mondays V Women come into’ the
Men’s Bath, and the Men may go to the
Womens. A Stones throw from it is
another Bath call’d Chiuehimli, or the
sw ea.in g .jh ce and its W ater is very
different fiom that o f the others, being
good againft old Aches , I wen. into
the firft Room, and found it like the 0-
thers, with a Fountain of cold W ater,
and Places to fit I went thence into a
Room, about which there were fix Foun-
tains f W ater intolerably hot, and as
many m another dark Room * whence I
we J very hot into the S w e a lin g -p te ,
/v,;|
t
E / ^ e ■ G°ijx
/V . ' "Six / 'i

1 (1)1 . '

Chap. IX. O / T U R K Y . _________ 89

f^ y ^ y y where there is a Spring o f Icalding W a- for 800 Piaftres a Y ear ; and a Lord on
Gemelli. ter, a Sick Man lay there Sweating on whom the Sultan has bellow’d it, makes
16 0 + .' the Ground. T h e Stru&ure o f this is a confiderable Revenue o f the other.
C /V N j not fo Beautiful as that o f the great one, T h e mineral W aters run out o f the
which is all Pav’d with Marble o f feve- Bath of Efchi-Capiglia, into another lit-
ral Colours. tie Bath in the Village o f Cicheric, for
Thence I mounted a very fteep Afcent the Service o f the Inhabitants,
to fee the Seraglio, which Tavernier A fter Dinner, 1 went to Bugarbafci,
reckons among the belt next to thofe o f to fee the Dervifes turn round, the Jeto
Conftantinople, and Adriano pie. I found that had been apprehended by the T a x -
it an ordinary Palace very ill Built, and gatherer, going with me. T h is toad
all gone to Ruin •, for they told me the Devotion was perform’d in a good Room ,
Sultans had not come to it for 35 Years after the fame manner as was defcrib’d
pall only Mahomet IV. having been at Conftantinople, and Adrianople only
there at the beginning o f his Reign, with this difference, that here they take
Form erly, as has been laid, Burfa was but three Turns, omitting the fourth
the fettled Aboard o f the Sultans, and in which the Superior fhould Dance,
therefore there are five Tom bs o f them . In my way back to the Xan, I went Vli-gkmi
but y ’d in the Mofch o f Am urat Beg, and in to fee the Mofcb o f Vli-giam i, that Mofch„
three others o f Sultanejfes and their Chil- is, the Great one. There is this Singu-
dreri, after the fame Model as thofe o f lar in it, that in the middle o f it there
Adrianople, and Conftantinople, but not is a great Fountain encompafs’d with
fo rich in Marble. Banifters ^ they fay it is very Antient,
Friday 1 9th, the Jetv led me three and Built by the firft Sultan that came to
Miles from the City towards Montagna, Bttrfa.
to the Bath o f Efchi-Capligia, or the old T o return to the City, it is Govern’d
Bath, where is the third mineral W ater by a M olli, or Cadi, who is chang’d eve-
different from the other two, and good, ry Year -, but a Bajfa has the Command
for Aches, and other Diftempers. G o- o f the Country, and mull not refide in
ing in, there is a large Room with two Burfa. Its A ir is not very wholfome,
Cupola’s, and a Fountain in the middle, as being feated at the foot o f high Moun-
as at the other Baths ■, and paffing thro’ tains cover’d with Snow, and near to
it into another Room, in the midft o f Moraffes and W aters, fo that every
it is a Fountain o f cold W ater, and two Morning it is cover’d with Fogs riling
on the fides, o f hot. W ithin that is the from them. Provifions are not Dear,
Place where they Bath, pav'd with Mar- for there is Plenty o f good Flefh, Bread,
bie and fix Spans deep, with five large Fifh, and excellent Fruit, whereof I
Conduits o f hot W ater about it. T h is Eat much, and that rare at fuch a time
yields but little Profit, becaufe many go o f the Year, and good frefh Grapes,
in for nothing i but the great one o f Melons, Apples, Chefnuts, Hazlenuts,
Capligia, the Grand Signior Farms out and the like.

C H A P. IX.
*
The Author’s Return to Conftantinople.

At C^Aturday 2.0th, I fet out for Montag-
J na and arriv’d there three Hours
before N ight, having T ra v e lfd eighteen
Miles of dirty W ay. This T ow n is
feated part on the Hill, and part in the
Plain on the Shore o f a Bay made there
by the Streight, thirty Miles in compafs.
T h e Houfes for the moll part are low I
Lodg’d in a large and ftately Xan, which
has good Rooms, and a Fountain in the
• middle o f it, and over it a Gallery co-
ver’d with Boards, whither the Turks
1 refort to Pray five times a Day.
Vol. IV .
Sunday 2 1ft, two Caichs, which are
final! Barks with three Oars, being rea-
dy to fet out, I Embark’d for Conft anti-
nople, andtho’ itw asC uflom arytofearch
Goods, yet mine were not open’d, I
producing the Thefchere, or Billet o f the
Culloni-Houfe o f Alexandria. One o f
thofe Turkifb Sant one’s, whom they call
D ervifes, went Aboard with tne \ he
was not one o f thofe that Live retir’d
in Community,' but rather a Vagabond
Knave, that made fhew o f an aultere
Life to Cheat the W orld. He was co*
M ver*d

« . ' ' |

ft

\
 /'JS* ■ G°*Sx
/>> —<V\
ft)!
x %? .i^ y
'*
— — Voyage round the W O R L D .
* ver’d from the Navei upwards with two
G ^ £ Sheep-Skins, and downwards with other
l693. Skins put together like a Petticoat. On
x y y ^ s j his Head he wore a white Cap, with
Iona strings ravel I’d at the ends about
his Neck; about his W ade hung feve-
ra l pieces of M arble, and about his right
Arm a clofe Bracelet of the fatne. In
his Hand he carry’d a Wand, with a
piece o f Ivory at the end like a Saw,
to fcratch his Back where he could not
reach with his Hand * as alfo a thick
Club, and a Horn hanging by his fide,
to Blow upon Occafion *, a Habit fo
Ridiculous and Extravagant, that it de-
ferv’d to be Painted. Having run thir-
J Miles we came to the Village o f
BosborzAy at the point of the Bay made
by the Straight where the Wind being
contrary, we were forced to ftay.
Monday 2 id , leaving the hard Bed
we had on the Candy Shore, we went
Aboard four Hours before Day, with
butlittle Wind, fo that with the help
o f the three Oars, which were but flow-
ly tjly’d we came about Noon to CVL,
a fmall Town on the Shore of the Straight,
thirty Miles from the Place we left Salt.
I cannot compare the lovly Hair of the
G reek Women in this Place, to any I
have feen in fo many Countries I have
Traveled through. When loofe, fpeak-
ing Modelfly, it hangs down to their
Heels and when made up into large
Tralles, to their Mid-l e g ; but their
Faces are nor anfwerabk to the Orna-
ment o f their Heads, for they are not
Beautiful ' votion. Having obferv’d this Novelty ,
Tuefday 23d, we lay Hill becaufe of
the bad Weather, and had an ill Night,
tliere being no Xan. Wednefday 24th,
we went Aboard in the Evening, and
Sail’d all Night with a fair frefh Gale,
which made the Sea run fo high, that it
wet us and our Baggage.
When i expected on Thurfday 25th,
In the Morning to be at Conjlantmeple,
I f0U1i<j my felf after a run o f forty
Miles on the Shore of Romelia, four
Hours Journy from ConjlantinopUy and
the Wind being againft us, we Landed
near a Mill. Some Turks went away a-
foot, bun I Hay’d all Night becaufe of
my Baggage, and lay in the Mill, the
Noife and Coolnefs o f the W ater invi-
ting me to Sleep. Friday 26th, perceiv-
ingJ all the Turks were refol v’d to go,
fome by Land and fome by 5 ea to Cm -
flaminople, and our Ruiz, having no De-
fism to go that Tide, 1 thought fit to go
too, and leaving my Man to look to my
Equipage, went Aboard a little Boat,
' *. ■ ; *. / - ' .
qx-
%L
Book IL
which in feven Hours, the Wind being
contrary, carry’d me to a d * * - , ob;
f o r a g as we ran along the Straight,
that a gi eat part oh thv vVail s> fallen,
and the Turks take no care to Repair it.
Saturday 27th, I thought to return to
the Bark for my Baggage, that it might
not be carry, d to the Cullom-Houfe I
was difappomted, for going in a V dlel
call’d a Catch to meet it, I found it at
the Point of the Seraglio i and defiring
tbp Rais to deliver me my Equipage, he
fild he could not do it, becaufe he was
m fight of the Cuftom-rfonfe.
Sunday 28th, I went to the Caftom-
Houfe with Monfieur Mener, and with
much Difficulty the Cuftomer conde-
fcended to take the Jingle Duties, pre-
tending to the Double, without regard- .
mg the Tafcharc o f Alexandria) faying it
was a feparate Kingdom where the
Cuftom-Houfe, like thofe of Aleppo and
Seyde, is by the Grand Sigmor affignd
over to t h e i r s that Govern,
Notwithftanding the Turktjh Officers
Prohibition, I went over to Conjlamm-
pie on Monday 29th. There 1 found a
Galley ready to depart, to carry over
into AJia, a Bajfa that was going to
Mecca, to vifit that Mahometan Place of
Devotion. He went in a Triumphant
manner, his Servants carrying Clubs a-
dom’d with Myrtle, and a fort of rich
Turbant beautiful for its variety of Co-
lours 3 others had Feathers of feveral
forts at their Javelin Heads, which they
told me was a Preparation to that De-
in my way, I went near St. Sophia, to
fee two Pillars o f white Marble, which 1
was told were in the Houfes o f two
Turks. I found one of them had a curi-
ous wrought Capital, the other had
none, it being purpofely cut off to en-
clofe it in the Wall 5 they faid they were
o f equal height, which, as near as I
can guels, is forty Spans, and fixteen in
thicknefs i they could give me no other
Account of them. Between the two
Columns is a little Stioct twenty Spans
wide. Having fatisfy’d my Curiofity,
I made hafte home for fear of the
Turks.
1 came from Smmut, with a defign to
Imbark for Trabez.ottd, on the Black Sea,
with fome French Jefn its, that go thence
to their Millions, being fatisfy’d I could
not do amirs in their Company, they
taking the ffiorteft: way, the moll fru-
gal and fafefl from Robbers, to go into
Ferfia. Finding therefore at my coming,
that fome of them had agreed for their
Paflage,
7 ; i
fill <SL
"ch a p .IX Of T u r ¥ y ] 9T ~
•rvA/O Pailage, together with a D om inican, a- by Monficur Span might b e; ffnee the
Gem tlli. board a Saick belonging to a G reek , I Caimacan being depos’d , 1 might be la-
1594. would not Hip the opportunity; but fer in Confiantinople, I went to S a ra vi-
l / 'W J taking Boat after Dinner, went io Miles ara, which is much lower than Cefada-
ofFto the Caftles where the Saick lay to Bafci ; and going into the ruin’d Boufe
fecure my Paflage. The four French of a T u rk , law the Pillar again. View-
Fathers and the Dominican had hir’d a ing it now on all ikies with lefs fear, I
Cabbin for 25 Piaftres, and I offering could read no fuch Verfes, but only law
them to pay my fhare, they refus’d, be- four Birds like Eagles, cut on the four
caufe they would be more at their eafe. Angles o f the Capital; and on the Pe-
Therefore applying ray felf to the P ais, deftal, next the Bach, two Angels carv’d,
I ask’d him what place he had for me fupporting a plain Shield or Efcutheon,
aboard; to fee whether it were conve- over which there were three Verfes, fo
nient. He led me into the Fathers Cab- defac’d by Tim e, that there was no
bin, which being good , I had no caufe knowing the Characters, much lefs read-
to complain, but only ask whether any ing of them; fo that Monficur Spon could
T nrks were to be in i t ; he told me not, never read them for thefe hundred years
and that only I , and 5 Papas fhould go p aft; belides that they look’d more like
in i t ; and this, becaufe the Turks will Greek than Latin Characters. On the
rather be expos’d to the Rain, than pay other three fades, there were three Ef-
above thecommonrate o f a P iaftre ; and cutcheons, or Shields, like that Fortune
thus, without being oblig’d to the Fa- is. painted with. Returning home, I
thers, I had a place in their Cabbin for pafs’d by the Mint, where I Ya w Money
6 PiaftreS) and my Man’s Paflage be- Coin’d.
foies. Thurfday the fxrit of April, being a Caveck
Caftles. T he Caflies before-mention’d * feat- fair day, i hir’d a Boat, and pafs’d over Seu&ito.
ed where the Streight is but a Mile o- into A fia , by the upper part of the end
ver, one of them in Europe, which has of the Great Seraglio, to divert my felf
four fmall Towers at the Angles, and at the Seraglio of Cavach , belonging to
others at the middle of the Curtain, the Grand Seignior, oppofite to that in
with fmall pieces of Cannon on them; Europe. I found all (hut, but from with-
the other in A Jia, which has 5 fmall ou t, law four Apartments, after the
T o w ers, belides others bigger at the Eaftcrn manner, all built feveral, and
Curtains. In both thefe Caftles, there an iron Gate to them. There are other
are only a few Dwellings for Soldiers. Struftures at the A n gles, and all the
Near them, the Current fets fo hard Garden is enclos’d with good Walls,and
towards the White Sea, that fmall Barks has excellent rows of Ciprefs, Fir,Beech,
cannot ftem it, unlefs drawn with Ropes and many Fruic Trees,
from the Shoar; the other Current is The Seraglio being near Calcedon, I au dm
a Mile from this towards Conftantinople, went again to ohferve fome remains of
and on both ftdes o f it there are little i t , but could not find, as I bad been
Cottages, and a ruin’d Light-houfe. told, the Church ftanding, in which the
Tuefday 30th , I carry’d my Equipage Council was held. Returning home,
in a Boat aboard the Saick, having paid oppofite to Leanded s Tow er, I faw an-
the Ciiftomer his due, who Farms all the other Seraglio, Inhabited by Sultan M a -
Cuftoms of the Ottoman Empire, ex- homed* Daughter. It is larger than that
ccpt thofe o f Caire, A leppo , and Seyde, of Cavach, but not fo pleafant.
for 1500 Purfes of 500 Ducats each. Friday the 2d of A p ril, being the Feaft
I had the Profped of the Streight over o f my Saint, I perform’d my Devoti-
again, pleafing my Eyes on the fide o f ons, and after Dinner, out of meer cu-
4Europe, with the fight o f G alata , Top- riofity to fee 24 Brigantines of 28 Oars
pana, B ifd ta fci, O rla-chioy , Crey-Jafm y , each, and 6 Galliots of 42 and 4 4 , de-
and A m aut ; and on the A fian Shoar , fign’d to ferve againft the Emperor in
the delicious Scutaret, Eufcongiu, E ftau - H ungary, I run my felf into the difmal
ros, Cinghil-chray , and E liffar. Having accident I am now to give an account
left my Baggage aboard , I return’d of. Landing at the D arfena , I faw that
home to order other matters for my fmall Fleet, well Man’d with Sailers,
Voyage. and 8000 Soldiers, being to pals through
Wednefday 3 1 f t , for want of other the Streight into the black Sea,and thence
bufinefs I went again to fee the Empe- into the D anube , to' fight the Enemy,
ror Marcianos Pillar, to obferve where Having for a long time view’d thefe
thofe two Latin Verfes, Tranfcrib’d Veflels, my ill fare guided me to ob-
Vol. IV. M 2 ferve
 ■ G°*Sx
f(f)|
c)2 A Voyage round the W O R L D
r v A / l ferve the Hulks o f tw o Galeafles, which
Gemelli. having been begun feveral Years fince,
1694.. are yet unfinifh’d, no body working up-
t / Y ^ on them. Deligning to go fome Heps
forw ard, after a great number o f Pco-
ple , I hear’d a Turk that was upon the
Guard call me. 1 return’d no anfwer ,
but went o n ; but he over-tookand car-
r y ’d me to the Barrack o f a French R e-
negady Captain. He ask’d me feveral
Q ueftions, and enquiring at lafl: whi-
ther I was going, I told him, to look for
a Friend. T h is did not clear m e ; but
carrying me before the Commander
Mouco M ono, they altogether began to
put feveral Quettions concerning my
F rie n d , as to his Name and Q u ality;
and tho’ my anfwers were Satisfa&o-
r y , they led me before the Captain B af-
fa , where I waited half an hour before
I could fpeak to him. A t laft they fent
w ord to the Frovcditor General o f the
F l e e t ; who going to the Captain Bajfa,
when he return’d , fent me away with
an Officer, who in purfuance to the O r-
der he had receiv’d , carry’d me to the
Slaves B a th , and deliver’d me to the
G o aler, by Order o f the Captain Bajfa.
I was feiz’d with much dread, confider-
ing my fe lf to be taken up as a S p ie , by
a barbarous People, who have no com-
paflion, nor w ill hear reafon, but ground
ali their Aftions on conceit. W hen I
came to the B ath , I would have fpoke
to a Je w , that he m ight acquaint Mon-
fieur M ener with m y Im prifonm ent; but
the Turk call’d o u t , and threw Stones
after him, fo that the Jew fled and skip-
ped like a Doe. T h e firft thing the
barbarous G oaler did was tofearch me,
w hether I was Circumcis’d, and perceiv-
in g I was not, began to threaten without
exam ining me. Finding I was no Henc-
n a n , but went out o f meer curiofity to
fee the G allots, and Hulls o f Galeafles,
w ith a great number o f People, he was
not fatisfy’d, but fearch’d whether I had
any W ritin gs about m e ; finding none,
becaufe 1 was always fo cautious as to
leave them at home, when I went to fu-
fpicious places, he began to execute
what further Orders he had receiv’d from
the Captain Bajfa. He made me pull
o f f Shooes and Stockins, and lift up my
Feet, in order to be B afiin ado'd, two
Slaves holding the Cudgels in their
hands, whilft two others held up my
feet. But I ftill perfifting in the fame
S to r y , and giving him a particular ac-
count o f all my T r a v e ls , and the Cap-
tain Bajfash Orders being only to fearch
me, without proceeding to Bajltnadoing
s qu
7
v - <SL
Book II.
he let me down , but fearch’d all my
Cloaths over again for W ritin g s, be-
caufe they laid, 1 was drawing the Stem
o f a V dTelin a Pocket B o o k ; and it was
well for me, that I had left all my Ma­
nufcriptsat hom e; fo that he only found
a fmall L etter, a French Man had given
me to carry to Jfa h a m ; fo r I had hid
m y W atch and 20 Zecchines, which if
the Turk had fo u n d , he would never
have reftor’d. A fte r thefe Searches,
he clap’d a heavy Chain o f 14 Links on
m y left F o o t ; then he led me to the
Coffee-houle, and thence to an A rm eni-
an B ak ers, who feeing me lie at N ig h t
upon a bare board, had the C harity to
g iv e me a Sack to cover me. B u ta th o u -
land thoughts between hope and fear
diltnrb’d me m ore than the hardnefs o f
the Board, and yet thefe w ere lefs trou-
blelom e than the noife, and unpleafant
linging o f the Bakers, and the biting o f
the Verm in that place fw arm ’d with. I
continu’d there but two N igh ts, becaufe
the Turk, who was O verfeer complain’d,
that I walk’d in m y Shooes on the Bread-
B o ard s, which made them rem ove me
to another place, where the Bread was
d eliver’d out. Here a Polander laid me
a Q uilt on the Boards, givin g me for a
P illo w , a Cloak o f h is, lo well flock’d
w ith V erm in , that 1 caus’d it to be
wafh’d the next N ight to make ufe o f
it, o r elfe 1 had been better pleas’d to
lay m y head on a Flint. T h o ’ the Turks
had lorbid me talk in g, o r W r itin g , I
fo o rder’d it on Saturday 3d , that I fent
an account o f my Imprifonment to Mon-
fieur M ener. He went imm ediately to
the Captain Bajfa to procure my liber-
ty , but finding him bufie about fetting
out the little Fleet, could not fucceed:
Y e t he came to the B a th , to get an or-
der from me to the Rais or Matter o f
the Saick, to d eliver my E qu ip agcto the
Je fu its, to keep for me at Trahez.ond,
becaufe his Servant came not in time to
the Cattles to hare it loaded and car-
r y ’d to his Houfe, wheii I was taken up,
but the Raiz. was gone,
Sunday 4 th , tw o Jefuits came to fay
M a fs, in the Bath to all the Prifoners,
and the Father Superior exprefs’d much
concern for m y misfortune. Monday
$tb , I walk’d about the B a th , difeour-
ling with fome Captains o f Privateers
fecur’d there, the Sultan refilling to hear
o f any ranfome ; every one with lighs
told me his M isfortunes, and how the
Ottoman Minifters would not g iv e Ear
to what they propos’d,
Tnefday
j t
111
Chap. X. Y f l l l T
rsA /* Tuefday 6th before N oon, my Chain
G m elli. was knock’d off, and I fee at liberty, at
1594. the Requeft o f Griman and Fobri, the
t / 'V 'N J Deputies o f the French N ation, who by
the Interpreter Brm eti , reprefented
that I was no Venetian, nor any fufpett-
ed Perfon, but o f their Country and
w ell known. Brm eti led me from the
Prifon to the Captain BaJfa and Frovedi-;
tor G eneral, and fpoke. to them for me.
Being deliver’d out o f that dreadful
G o a l, where there was a hdlilh noife,
made by the Chains o f 1000 Slaves,who
went at break o f day to work upon the
Ships and Galleys, I went to Dine with
John and D avid M ener, and the W ife
o f the latter, and then without lofing
one moment o f tim e, halted away to
find the Rais or Mailer o f a Stick, bound
for Trabezm d, and agreed for a Cabbin
by my felf for four Piaftres. T h e Jefu~
its, who did not like I Ihould go in their
CHAP.
The Religion, Manners, Government C iv il and Military, Revenues , Habit7
Coin, Fruit, Temperature, and Border of the Ottoman Empire.
A L L my Travels hitherto having
jT \ been through the Turkijh Domi-
ynons, it will be convenient before we
leave them, to give a Ihort account o f
their Religion.
Turkiib Be- They believe in one only G o d , and
lief. one only Perfon, who has created Hea-
ven and E a rth ; and who w ill puniih the
W ieked, and reward the Vertuous, ha-
ving made Hell for the fo rm er, and
Heaven for the latter. T h at the bills
o f this Heaven conlifls in enjoying fine
W om efl, yet fa as not to go beyond
killing and imbracing; and in being fa-
tiated with moll exquilite Meats, which
w ill produce no Excrements.
They believe Mahomet is a wonder-
ful Prophet, fen tb y G o d , to teach Men
the way o f Salvation; for which reafon
the Mahometans call themfelves M ajfd-
mans; that is, chofen for G 'id , or fav’d.
They allow ol the D ecalogue, or 10
Commandments, and are oblig’d by the
A ll oran to keep them.
Their Fe- T heir Feftival Day is Friday, as San-
ftiva!. day is among Chriftians; but they do
not keep it lb religioufly, every Man
labouring at his T ra d e ; tho’ at Noon
they all refort to the M ofihs to p ra y ,
more than on o&her days. They are 0-
; /
X .#■
<SL
f 97
Cabbin, were alfo forc’d to take ano-
ther V effel; for being unwilling to lie
two N ights at Sea aboard the Stick,where
mine and their Baggage was, they ftaid
in their M onaitery, expelling to be
call’d when it was ready to S ail; which
they alfo perfwaded me to do, and this
was the caufe o f my Imprifonment.
When the Weather was calm, the Clerk
came honeftly, but it requiring fome
time to go 6 M iles, and the Fathers
making fome delay, when they came to
th eC aftles, they found the Stick was
gone with the Baggage. T h u s, being
now the fecond time in danger, never
to fee my Equipage again, i fet out in
quell o f it; and the Fathers did the fame
with the Cleric, aboard another Snick.
A ll thefe Difafters befel me in Pafllon
W eek, and certainly I never had one
lamentable and difmal.
X.
blig’d to pray five times a day, that is,
at Sun-riling, at N oon, between Noon
and Sun-fet, which they call LazM.ro,
at Sun-fet, and an hour after Night,
T h ey keep a Months Fall from the ju ru h n
New-Moon o f A pril, till the next New- F a ft.
Moon, which they call Ramadan, fay-
in g , the Alcoran defeended from Hea-
ven at that time. During this time,they
do not Eat, nor Drink in the day-time;
but they fet up all the Night, fpending
it in eating Filh and Flefh, like ravenous
W o lves; excepting only Swines Flelh,
and W ine forbidden by their Law.
A fter this F a ll, they have the Fealt Btirrn
o f the Great Bairam (like Eajhtr among Feaft.
Chriftians) which they celebrate with
publick Rejoycing. They are alfo o-
blig’d at the beginning o f every Year,
to give to the Poor the tenth part o f all
they have got the precedent Y e a r; which
their Avarice makes them unwilling to
obferve.
T hey are very vain in building Mofchs
and Hofpitals, and believe, that when
they have well wafh’d their Bodies, mut-
tering fome certain Prayers fit for that
purpofe, their Souls remain clean from
any filth o f S in ; which makes them bath
often, efpccially before they pray.
T h ey
x v' ■ . . s' ' r c
 ■ e° $ x
//y — - ,x \
I( 1 B
^ Voyage round the W O R L D.
r^ K S \ T hey ufe Circumcifion, which they
Gemelli- perform, when their Sons are feven or
id o x. eight Years o f A g e , and can diltindly
<v - v 'v Jfpeak thefe W ords in the TurkijhTongae,
Circumci- There is but one only God ; Mahomet is
ho«. his Prophet, and Apoflle; and this is their
ProfefTion o f Faith. But there being no
mention of Circumcifion throughout the
whole Alcoran, they fay, they ufe it in
imitation o f Abraham , whofe Law is
recommended to them by Mahomet,
T h ey believe the Alcoran was brought
to Mahomet at feveral times to the Ci-
ties o f M edina and M ecca, becaufe the
few s and Chriflians had corrupted the
* Holy Scripture and Divine Law.
, . . T h e Mahometans are allow’d to have
atrun pgyr Marry d W ives at once, and as ma-
ny Concubines as they can k eep; but
they may difmifs thefe W ives when they
pleafe , only paying what Was agree’d
on in the Matrimonial Contract , that
they may Marry again at pleafure. The
W omen before they Marry again, are
oblig’d to {lay till it appears they are
not W irh-C hild; that is, -four Months,
and W idows ten Nights more. T he
Husbands are oblig’d to keep the Chil-
dren they have by their Slaves and
W ives, they being all counted equally
Ligitimate. He who has put away one
Woman three times, may not Marry
her again, u n l e f s another Marry her firft,
and be D ivorc’d from her.
Pnhivk T h ey have Mofchs, Colleges and
Struftures. Hofpitals with good Revenues, as al-
fo Monalteries o f Dervices, who are
Religious Men, who lead an Exemplar
L ife, under Obedience to their Supe-
r jor>
Religious T h ey have alfo another fort o f Vaga-
Men! bond Religious Men, call’d alfo D ervi-
ces, who are Clad like mad Men, and
fometimes go Naked, and fome o f them
flafh their Flefh in feveral parts o f their
Body. Thus they are look’d upon as
Saints, and live upon Alm s, which no
Body refufes them. Thefe Men may
take up and Marry when they pleafe.
Belief of T h ey do not believe that Jefus Chrift
the Turks, is God, or the Son o f God, nor in the
moft Blefled T rin ity, but only fay that
Jefus Chrift is a great Prophet, Born o f
H oly M ary, who was a Virgin before
and after her D elivery, and that he was
Conceiv’d by Infpiration, or by a Divine
Breath, without a Father, as Adam was
Created without a Mother. T hat he
was not Crucify’d, but that God took
him up to him into Heaven, in order to
fend him back upon Earth, before the
end o f the W orld, to conffrm the Law
<SL
Book II.
o f Mahomet, and that the Jew s thinking
to Crucifie Jefus Chrilb, Crucify’d ano-
ther that was like him.
T hey pray for the Dead ; invoke their
Saints, to whoin they pay great Honour;
but believe not in Purgatory, and many
o f them think that the Souls and Bodies
remain together, till the great Day o f
Judgment.
T he Turks have a great refped for
the C ity o f Jem falem , as the Place where
many Prophets were Born ; but that is
Extraordinary which they pay to Mecca,
where their falfe Prophet Mahomet was
Born, and to M edina, where he was Bu-
r y ’d ; for which reafon they call it a
Holy Land, and perform many Pilgri-
mages to it.
T hey ufe no Bells in their Mofchs as
has been faid elfewhere ; but at the
Hour o f Prayer the Piielts go up to the
top o f the Tow ers, at the Angles o f
the Mofchs, and call the People with
loud Cries. It is alfo forbid them to
Difpute about Religion, and if they are
oblig'd by any Body to anfwer, they
mull do it with their W eapons, and not
with their Tongues.
As for their Manners they are altoge- Their
ther Barbarous, Rude, Haughty above Manners
any other Nation* Deceitful, given to Ju-
Lazinefs, Covetous, Ignorant, andEne- e-
mies to Chriftianity. N o r is the G o-
vernment any better than their Manners,
for their T rials are very lhort, and fub-
je d to the Corruption o f falfe W itnef-
f e s ; Caufes being carry’d by thofe that
give moll, not by them that have moll
R ig h t; and this becaufe all Imployments
in the Ottoman Empire being Venal, all
Minifters make it their Bufinefs to Rob,
and Opprefs the People, to repay the
great Sums o f Mony they have taken up
at exceflive Interell of the Jews, and
reimburfe the vaft Expence they have
been at. But were their Laws obferv’d,
they would appear agreeable to thofe
o f N ature; for among Criminals they
Condemn a T h ie f to be Hang’d ; a Mur-
derer to be Beheaded ; an Offender in
matter o f Religion to be Burnt; a T ra i-
tor to be dragg’d at a Horfes T a il, and
then Impal’d ; and if a Man has cut o ff
anothersLimb, or Maim’d him, he is as
our Civil Law direds to fuffer the fame
Penaltys. Perfon Convicted o f Perjury
are led through the City in their Shirts
on Afles, with their Faces to the T a il,
which they hold in their Hands, their
Faces daub’d, and on their Shoulders a
parcel o f Guts, and other lin k in g G ar-
b ag e; then they are Burnt on the Cheeks
and
 • go^Nx

|S| . ' SL
"Chap. X. O
ft u r k y ;
f \ J ^>O and Forehead, and are incapable o f ever and other PerfonS in Favour, who are
Getnelli. being W itn d le s again. to P r a te d him. I f he has not this Sum
l6 9 T T h e ir Executions are fp e e d y ; fo r in o f Mony o f his ow n, he nuift borrow
crim inal Cafes, every C adi, tho’ but o f it o f Friends, or o f the Jew s at Cent per
a little V illage, has no Superior to whom Cent Im ereft. N o r is the Sultan fatisfy’d
there lies any A p p e a l; but i f he is not w ith what he receives at firft o f the
a L aw yer by Profeflion, the Affeffor B a f t ; but when he has paid his D ebt*
m ult Subfcribe to the Sentence before it and begins to gro w R ich, he fends him
can be Executed, tho’ he w ere one o f by a Meffenger a Prefetic o f a V eft a
the Prim e B a jft s o f the Em pire. Sw ord , and D agg er, which the R eceiv er
In c iv il Caufes, both Parties being is to return with ten :mes the Value
heard, and the W itnefles briefly E x a - and i f he does it not, another fatal one
min’d, and W ritin gs produc’d, they are is fent him con lifting o f a B a ttle -A x
oblig’d to decide all Controverfies w ith- o r Sw ord, a Token that he flands not
out delay. M atrim onial Conn-ads are well in the Em peror’s Favour, and that
made before the Cads, w ho often judges i f he does not endeavour to A ppeafe
o f the V alid ity, or nullity o f M atrim o- him, he w ill foon lofe his Head • a
ny ; for as has been faid elfew here, the barbarous Policy p rad is’d by the Otto-
Mahometans do not diftinguilh between man Princes, to make themfelves re-
R eligious .and Secular Caufes, and pafs fp ed ed , by fucking the very Blood o f
themfelves indifferently from Ecciefiafti- their Subjects,
cal to fecular Em ploym ents, and the It is not only thefe, to appearance
contrary. But A varice makes the M u- free G ifts, that help to fill the Sultans
fulman Judges utter Strangers to R e a fo n C offers, but when the B a ja ’s, or other
and Juftice ; which is the caufe that the M inifters D ie, they ow ning’ th.ey hold
L aw s feldom take p la c e ; and i f feveral a ll they have o f his Bounty, he feizes
C hriftian s, whom they H a te , Ihould a ll their Goods, and becomes foie H eir
happen to kill a Turk, when one o f them tho’ the Children are Born o f his ow n
is Executed, the reft buy their Pardon Sifter. It were nothing i f he ftay’d till
o f the Ju dge and K indred o f the D ead they d y ’d a natural D e a th ; but the w o ril
Man to whom it belongs to Execute the o f it is, that fcarce a Year paffes but
Sentence. he takes o ff the Heads o f fome that think
Soldiers. T h e Ja n iz a ries, who are the ftrength them felves much in his Favour, and this
o f their A rm ies, are arm ’d with M uf- on very flight Occalions, or perhaps on-
kets and Scim itars. T h e Spahis or H orle ly to fecure their W ealth. Befides this
carry Bows and A rro w s, Swords and a ll the Subje&s o f that vaft Monarchy
L ifto ff. T h e JJia n Soldiers have L a n - pay three in the Hundred o f all they
ces, A x e s, and Javelins. T h e y make h a v e ; not to fpeak o f the Duties and
life o f Cannon, as Chriftians do. In Impofitions fo r taking Poffeflion o f their
B attle they obferve no O rder, which is Inheritances. And were there nothing
the main Point, repofing all hopes o f elfe to fhevv for it, we have a fufficient
V icto ry in their Num bers. T h e y C harge A rgum en t o f the vaft W ealth o f the
the Enemy w ith great F u ry to break his Ottoman Princes in the prodigious Sums
O rder, and make hideous C ries as they they m uft have to maintain fo many
F ig h t ; but i f they meet Oppofition the G arrifon s in Europe, A fia , and A fr k k ,
firft: and fecond Onlet, they dare not and feveral Arm ies at the lame time a-
g iv e a T h ird , but fly fo precipitately gainft Chriftian Princes,
that no A uthority o f Officers can ftop T h e Habit o f the Turks is long, the
them. _ under Garm ent reaching down to the Hab;t’
Revenue. It is hard to give an Account o f the A n k le, the upper a little Ihorter, with
G reat Turk’s yearly Revenues, becaufe clofe S leev es, all generally o f R e d ,
they ariilng out o f many Kingdom s in B lew , o r Green Cloth. On their Heads
A fia , Europe, and A frick, as alfo out o f they w ear Turbants o f the fame Cloth
the Spoils o f the wretched Baffa’\s , and made clofe, and w rapp’d about with le -
other M inifters o f the Em pire, are n ot veral rounds o f fine W hite Linnen, o r
alw ays the lame. Every Man that ob- Silk. T h e ir Breeches are long, and al-
tains an Em ploym ent is o b lig’d to make molt ferve for Hofe and Socks, thefe
the Em peror a great P re fe n t; as fo r being few ’d to them. T hen they put
lnftan.ee, foe B u ff a o f G rand Cairo can- on the Papuchies, which are like Slip-
not give lefs than h alf a Million for that pers, and which they take o ff when they
P o ltj and as much to the chief Sultana’ s, go into the Mofchsy or into Friends
the M u fti, G rand V iz ie r , Caimacan, Houfes to avoid dieting the Sofia, or
Carpets,

4. , -•

°n
111 V
§L
^ Voyage round the VV O R L O. Book It.
~ ^ T ? ir n as T h e W om en wear much the through the Laxiuefs o f the Turks, and
f / J Habit only that the D refs o f the by rcafon o f the Oppreffion the C hri-
xZ Head is different, for in Head o f a T u r - ftiaus he under, who chufe rather to
i / Y S ; bant they cover their Face w ith tw o leave the Land Untill d, than to T ill it
Handkerchiefs, one from the N ofe up- tor others. T h e leller A fia affords a ll
w ards, and the other from the Mouth that is reqmfite to lead a happy L ife m
down leaving juft fpace enough to this W o r ld , both the Soil b eing F e rtil,
^ ’ & and the A ir T em perate $ for which rea-
„ - T h e Coin in tliefe Dominions is o f fon it may be preferr’d before the beft
in ’ ie v e r a l f o r t s , according to the feveral Countries in Eurot*. G cersr declares it
Kingdoms. A t Confiantinople there are in the follow ing W ord s, T h eR evem et
pieces o f Gold call’d Scerifes, worth Iefs o f other Provinces are fuch, T h a t they
than the Venetian Zecchim . In Silver a fcarce fuffice to defend th eft v e ry P ro -
G rofcou that is, a D u c a t; a j Urnm-Grofi vmces t but A j h n fo Rich and Fruitful,
c J or half Ducat : befides i W s and that it far exceeds all Countries in fer-
a L ys o f Silver. In E ly ft inftead o f tility o f Land, variety o f F ru it, plenty
theft there are M ed im sf and in other o f Pafture, and variety o f fuch Things
Kingdom s, other forts o f Mony. ' as are Transported.
T h e Fruit to fpeak o f the Countries T h e Confines o f this vail: Monarchy
I have gone through, in Egypt is Excel- are Germ any, Poland, M ufcovy, Perf a ,
lent and o f almoft all forts we have in and India, and in A fn c k , A biftn a and
Europe * befides thofe peculiar to the Lybia. In Europe it is bounded by the
Country, and particularly D ates, which M editerranean, the A driatic*, and Ionian
arc in Perfection. In Rcmelia, and the Seas j in A jta by the Euxm e and m a n ,
lelfer A fia, there are all forts that Italy and n ext the Ocean by the Gulphs o f
affords, and much better, as W inter Per f a and A rabia, T h e ch ief R ivers
Melons, Pomgranates, G rapes, Pears, that part if from other Dom inions, are
Cheftnuts, H afie-N uts, and others which the Borifihenesran d th e U nass. 1 0 con-
thev keep all the Year about. elude, it is o f fo large an E x te n t, that
T h e Climate alfo differs according to bating Italy, France, Spain, Germany,
Climate. P o fltions o f fo many K in g - .part o f Hungary and G m c e , it contains
doms In Ervpt the A ir is bad for Strang- all that the Romans fubdu’d, and fome
ers. R om dU and Thrace are every where other Provinces which never knew the
T em perate, and the Soil Fruitful but Romans, much lefs were fubjedt to them,
this Frukfulnefs is almoft o f no ufe,

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The End of the Second B O O K ,

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 <§L

Chap. I. 971

VOYAGE Round the W O R L D ,

By Dr. JohnFrancisCareri.

Containing the moft Remarkable Things he (aw in

PART L
: *■■ .. .
T V R K T. ' CO

BOOK III.
— — -------------------------------- --— » ■ ■ — .............. ... 1 " 1
— — — ■ -■ 1 ........................... —

C H A P . I.

The Chronology and Succeffion o f the Ottoman Monarchy.

Heir Opinion is very probable, king his advantage o f the inteftine Broils,,
Cemelli. 1 w^ ° wiI1 ^aVe t*1‘s powerful between the Emperors o f Conftantinople,
1(y ‘ JL Nation to derive its Original fubdu’d M ifta, hycaonla, Phrigia, Curia
from the vail W oods near the Pains and Nicea. He Reign’d 3 5 Years.
M *ous, becaufe o f the great plenty o f Amurat, a great Mailer in the Art o f
Game thofe Woods afford, which is their Diflembling, or Reigning, fucceeded
ufual Suftenance. his Father Orcanes. He in 13 6 3 , took
ofnun, T he firlt that laid the Foundation o f Gallipoli in Thrace, and after it Adriano-
Ottoman, this mighty Monarchy was Ofman, call’d pie, M ifia, Servia, and Bulgaria -, but
Ottoman a bold and daring Man, by being at lalt Vanquilh’d and Slain by
Birth a Tartar, and Soldier under the Lazarus Dejpot o f Servia, he ended his
Great Cham. He,offended at IbmeWrongs bafe Life after a Reign o f 3 1 Years ;
done him, went into Cappadocia to Live leaving two Sons, Solyman and Baja-
by Robbing, with fixty Followers, in- z.eth.
feflihg all the Country about. Others Bajazeth having Murder’d his Brother, Baja^etb-
allur’d by hopes of Plunder, or defpair- fubdu’d all Thrace, Tbejfaly, Macedon,
ing o f Pardon for the Crimes they had Phocis, Attica, and Bofnia. Then he
committed, joyn’d him ■, fo that grow- held Confiantinople eight Years Belieg’d ;
ing by degrees more Powerful and For- but finding an obflinate Refinance, he
midable, and having taken feveral C i- rais’d the Siege to give Battle to the
ties, he made himfelf Mailer o f Cappa- Chriltian Princes, whom he overthrew.
docia, Pontus, Bithynia, Pamphilia, and C i- Then returning to the Siege, and ha-
licU. This fome fay hapned in the Year ving after three Years Profecuting o f it
1300. He Reign’d eighteen Years. almolt reduc’d the place to a neceffity
Cremes. His Son Orcanes fucceeded him, who o f Surrendring, his Deligu was difap-
taking the fame Meafures, not only kept pointed by Tamerlan, the G ieat Cham
what his Father bad left him, but ma- o f Tartary. For he Marching out o f his
Voh IV. N Conn-

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 //> —xV \ SA

1 (1 )1 ';•' 'ft < -®S

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q3 A Voyage round the W O R L D. Book III.

,-tMrvm* V i—i iiiW W— r<w#6>«iimiH |iWim w i>|wfl*Hll* * l,,llll,MU,l* IIIBMI".... r l"” "’**'

<v a ^ Country, and wafting jffi* with Fire the Chriftians gain’d the famous V iftory
C e m e lli . and Sword ; B a j a z jt h with much Reafon Over him at L e p a n to . .
x^94_. thought it convenient to leave the Siege The next was A m u r at the T h ird , and jrmirti 3.
L ^ V S J to oppoffc that Torrent, and meet him then M a h o m e t the T hird, who came to Mahomet
on the Confines of C M H a and B ith y n ia . the Empire embruing his Hands 111 the 3-
T h ere coming to a Battle the wretched Blood o f ieveral Brothers. .
B a ia z e t h was overthrown, in the Year T hen came A d m i t t , and then bis Bro- A h m et,
i 397, with the Lois of 200000 Men, ther M u jt a p h a , who was Depos’d and M f f a .
and thrult loaded with Chains into a Ofin an fet up 3 and he ban g Unfortu- u!mn-
Cage 3 where defpairing of ever recover- nate in the W ar againft the Foies, and
ing his Liberty, he beat out bis own endeavouring to curb the Inlolency of
Brains againft the Bars. He Reign’d the J a n i z a r i e s , was at procurement o f
twelve Years and a half, leaving three the M u p h t i , Murdei d by them.
Sons, C a la p in , M a h o m e t and Muftapha. Mufiapha was takenout o f IB B on and
Milbwet Calapin, or Alpin, was put to Death reftor’d to the Throne, but his ill Fate,
the Firft. by his Brother Mahomet the Firft, who after a Years time, fent him again into
afeending the Throne conquer’d Pfyda- Prilbiij the Siijbjcfts dcpofnig him tor
chia, and Macedonia 3 fixing his Court inability. . _r
at A d r ia n o t le . He D y ’d in 14 2 2 , having A c h m e t the Second, Brother to O J - j ^ m t t
R eign’d feventeen Years. man fucceeded, at the A g e o f Four- the ad.
Jmurat Amurat the Second, next mounted the teen 3 after whom Reign’d A m u r a t * * * *
thcSe- Throne. He palling over into T h r a c e the Fourth, who D y d at C o n fta n ti-
eond. by the Afliftance of the G en o efes, over- ntole in 1640, at the Age of Thirty
threw his "Uncle M u jt a p h a 3 and then Three.
V l a M a u s , King o f P o la n d and Hungary I b r a h im , the firft o f the.N am e fuC- Ibrahim.
breaking the Peace at the perfwafioti o f needed bis Brother A m u r a t , and in 1645.
Pope E u q tn iu s the Fourth, he paid the made W ar on the V en etia n s and Knights
G en o efes 100000 Crowns for liberty to o f M a l t a . In the Bland o f C a n d ia he
pafs over into E u ro p e at G a llip o li, and ac- fought with various Succefs. _ He was
cordingly wafted over his whole Army* at laft Murder’d by tiis rebellious Sub-
H e fought three Days inccflantly, and jefts, who not long before had kill’d
at length V l a d i j t u t being kill’d remain’d the G r a n d V i r J e r , this was in the Year
V ifto riou s, always reproaching the 15 4 8 .
Chriftians with breach o f Faith. W hen Mahomet the Fourth, came next to Mahomet ,
Am urat bad Reign’d thirty Years he the Empire at fixteen Years of Age. He fte 4®*
D y ’d at Bruggia, the Seat o f his Em - tho’ fo Young continu’d the W ar with
pi re. the V e n e tia n s , without ever giving T a r
Mahomet M a h o m e t the Second fucceeded him. to any Accommodation till in the Year
theSe- He having Tyrannically Eftablilh’d him- 14 72,’ he had made him!el' Mailer of
cond- pejf on the f hrone, by the Murder o f C a n d ia , the Metropolis o f that Bland 3
his Brother, reduc'd C onstantinople about after which he concluded a Peace, _the
the Year 1435. on the 30th o f M a y . V e n e tia n s continuing Poflefsd o f fome
Then he Conquer’d B u lg a r ia , D a lm a t ia , Places in the fame Bland. G row ing wea-
C r o a t ia , T ra ls e z o n d , m d T h t o d o c ia , a C ity ry of the long Peace with the Empire,
belonging to the G en o efes, now call’d at the Perfwafion o f his Prime Muufter,
C a ffa . He D y’d In 14 8 1 , when he had he made W ar on the Em peror, laying
R eign’d 3 1 Years, and L iv ’d 58, leaving Siege to V ie n n a in 16 8 3, with a form i-
tw o Sons, B a ja z e t h and Z i z J jm u s . dahle Arm y of 300000 Fighting Men 3
S ew etb B a ja z e t h the Second, having Expell’d and after fome W eeks vigorous Attacks
these- his Brother, Conquer’d leveral Countries reduc’d it to fuch a Condition, that it
cond. i n '2 Years he Feign ’d. mult have fallen into his Hands, had it
c ii Sdim the Firft, his Son afeended the not been reliev’d by the powerfulIFoliJb
* Throne, fnbdu’d a great part o f Egypt, and G e r m a n A rm ies,.w h ich raisd the
and returning to Constantinople D v d in Siege, with the Defeat of the O tto m an
15 2 0 , when he had Reign’d eight Years, Forces. T his prov’d the Ruin o f the
and L iv ’d 45. Turks, who the following Campaigns loft
S o lim m fucceeded him, and fubdu’d B u d a and all H u n g a ry . T h e Souldiery,
Belgrade, Rhodes, Gran, and Buda. He and Muphti imputing all thefe Lofies to
Dy'd in the 47th Year o f his Reign. the Unfortunate M a h o m e t the Fourth,
se Hmus A fter him came S elim u s the Second, they Depos’d and Impriion d him, and
the Se- who took Cypr us from th q V en etian s* but his two Sons M n f id f h a ajid H a m itf the
tend. firft

' , \06 • ‘ ;
 v ^ e ■ e° i x

111 <SL
///' -S f

Chap. U. Of T U R K Y.___________99
C v A -^ firft 24, the other 1 1 Years o f A ge. Monarchy, nor did his Reign continue
Gemelli. Mahomet Reign’d 39 Years. , long, tho’ he kept at Adrianofie for fear
1694. In this Place they fet up Hamet the o f the Janizaries.
j Second, after he had been forty Years a His Succeffqr was Muftapha the Second Muftapha
Hamet the prifpner, who being unexperienc’d in now Reigning. the 2d,
2d* warlike Affairs did not at all recover the

‘ .. .S.t. rf.\a*,FIk-v- i- . r -?lr, ' i ■ ,r .. '1 .. *

CHAP. II.
The Author's Voyage on the Black Sea to Trabezond.

Aving recover’d my Liberty, as I fiantinople to the firft; for on the fide

H faid above, which coft me 46 Pia- o f Natolia are the Villages o f Calignia,
jtres, laid out in a V eil o f Brocard 1 Cibucli, Erigerli, Beicos, and Cavach ;
gave the Captain Baffa ; I imbark’d on and on that o f Romelia, Stegni, Gnegni-
Wednefday 7th, aboard a Saick, belong- Chioy, Tarabia, Buyuch-ddre, and Sanjary
in g to a Rais, or Matter, Call’d A gi-M u- with good Pleafnre-Houfies and Gardens
Jlapba, thinking every Hour an A ge till between them, which make the Profped
I got out o f that to me unfortunate Ci- o f them agreeable,
ty. I lay aboard that Night, becaufe T h e fecond Cattles are worfe than the
my Landlord underftanding I had been firft, for that on the lide o f Europe has
Prifoner in the Bath, would not enter- but two little Tow ers on the Plain, and
tain me any longer, looking on me as a very weak Curtains; and the other in
dangerous Man. Maunday-Thurfday 8 th, A ft a near Cavach, is a fquare T o w e r;
we did not Sail, becaufe the Rais had both without Cannon. On the top o f
Bufinefs, and l went afhore to vifit the the Hill, half a Mile diftant, flood a
Holy Sepulchres. Good-Friday 9th, I Cattle, whofe Out-works reach’d to the
D in’d with Monfieur M ener, bid him other, but its Walls are all ruin’d.
Adieu, and thank’d him for all Favours On both the oppofite Points o f the
receiv’d. Holy-Saturday 10th, I per- Streight there are Light-Houfes, and
form’d my Devotiotis, and took leave o f fmall Dwellings. Near that. on the
Frien ds; and Sunday lit h , beingE afler- fide o f Romelia on a Rock, is the re-
Day in the Morning, the Saick left the mainder o f the Pedeftal of Pompey’s Pil-
Port o f Conftantinople in fuch hafte, that lar.
I had not time to hear Mafs. Having W e made but little way on Wednefday
run nine Miles to the Village o f Gregrti- 14th, the Wind being contrary, but ic
Chioy, the Rais put in there for W ater, coming up fair on Thurfday 1 5th, we
and continu’d there all D ay, the W ind coafted along N atolia, and at Night
coming up contrary. were oppofite to Ergele, where is a good
Monday 12th, we fet out with little Port, a rarity in the Black Sea. The
W ind, which afterwards turning to a fame W ind continuing till two Hours in
dead Calm, the Saleh was tow’d by its the N ight, thofe drowfy Brutes furl’d
Skiff; and at laft was drawn with Ropes their Sails, and making faft the Helm
from the Shoar as far as Vmuriar, five laid them down to Sleep, leaving the
Miles diftant. Going up here to the top Saick to rock upon the Waves,
o f the Hill, to fee the Mouth o f the T h e fame Wind blew again on Tburf-
Black Sea ; as I came down, a Turhifh days6th^ carrying us about twelve Miles
Shepherd ask’d me, why I went thither, an Hour, and at Noon came up with
and underftanding by Signs, that he faid the other Saick that made the fame Voy-
1 was viewing the C ou n try; my laft age with us, and carry’d above 150
Sufferings having taught me Experience, Soldiers and Servants o f the Baffa o f
I made hafte aboard the Saick. Tuefday Trabezond, who was gone before with 25
13th , the W ind coming up fair, we o f his Family in fix fmall Felucca’s, car-
Sail’d at break o f D ay, and two Hours rying with him fix Horfes, belides as
after entred the Black Sea. All the way many more aboard the Saick. T heC oun -
between the firft and fecond Cattles, the try that appears along the Sea, is molt
Shoars of the Streight are no lefs Popu- Mountainous, and abounding in Cheft-
lous and Pleafant than thofe from Con- nuts, Hazle-nuts, and Apples, to fur-
Vol. IV . N 2 nifh

*C ' J- i'ff .
III
■ Goi x
too A Voyage round tbe W O R
nifh Conftantinople, and feveral Neigh-
bouring Provinces.
G e m e lli.
1604. Saturday 17th, the W ind came up
l / V V directly contrary, fo that we had much
ado to puc into Cape Sinope, for frefh
W ater. Weighing betimes on Sunday
Morning, we pafs’d in fight o f the City
Sinope, feated on the Eafternioft part o f
a Point o f Land, with a high Mountain
near it. A thick Fog which held till
Evening, hindred our View o f the plea-
fa nt Coaft. So the Storm that rofe was
the caufe we made little way in the Day,
but the Wind coming fair in the Even-
fog, we advanc’d confiderably till Mid-
night.
Monday 19th, a great Rain fell, after
■ which the Wind was fo fair, that we
made a great Run the Night following,
T h e fame W ind and Rain continu ’d
T u e fd ay 20th, which fetus very forward,
T h e J)ajfa\ Family was waflfd from
Head to Foot j and 1 admir’d the Pati-
en ceo f the Turks, who rather than give
a Zecchine for a Cabbin, are content to
be expos’d to the W eather, like fo ma-
ny Beads. In other Rcfpecb they were
Perfons o f good Behaviour, who Con-
vers’d with me C ivilly, both during the
Pallage, and my ftay atT rabew nd-, nor
was I wanting to fhew them more Cour-
tefy, that 1 might make ufe o f their
Friendlhips if 1 had need ; and particu-
larly to recover my Baggage out o f the
Hands o f the Rais Lcfier.
T h e fame Rain and rough Sea con-
tinu’d all Night, and Wednesday 2 1ft till
Noon, carrying us within three Miles
of Trabez,ond) but there it fail’d, and in
the Evening was contrary, fo that we
were forced to have the Saick tow’d by
ics S k iff I ftill blefs’d the two Crowns
and a half I had given for my Cabbin,
for I could not have endur’d the W ea-
ther*, but he that hir’d it to me, at laft
rais’d a Knavifh Controverfy, asking
more than we had agreed for before the
Interpreter, and Monfieur M tner. Yet
I fatisfy’d him with a fmail Matter, not-
withftandiug he had found out two T ar-
tar falfe Witnefles, who depos’d they
had heard me make the Bargain as he
paid.
A ll the Baff*% Retinue flay’d aboard
that N ig h t; but I, who long’d to be out
o f the Turkijb Territories, went afhore
immediately, and to the little Hofpitium
the Jefuits had fetled there within three
Years, for the conveniency o f their Mif-
lions. There I found F. Pallet Superior
o f the Million o f Armenia, with three
Companions, and the Dominican all clad
, y, , ' ' ' tov .
§L
/n
LD. Book 111.
after the A rm n im V a M ^ n . They were
very glad to fee me deliver’d out o f
Prifon, and fafe arriv’d after three Days
Storm, and a Voyage o f 900 Miles,
And certainly w e had Perifii'd, but that.
the Euxine Sea, whofe Circtimference is
5000 Miles, its length 11 0 0 , and the
breadth 200, and where molt 400, is
not fo boifterous as the open Sea, as
fbrne pretend. I alfo found my Equi-
page recover’d by the Fathers, and car-
ry’d to their Houfe, which compleated
my joy.
T h e Fathers told me what they had
fuffer’d during their Voyage. Imbark-
ing aboard the fecond Saick, as was fa id
before, they were carry’d to V nia, 506
Miles from Trabezjmd, coming whence
in fmall Boats they were in danger o f
being L o f t ; and at laft they were taken
up for the T ribute, and put into the
Hands o f the Mafter o f the Boat, for
him to give an Account o f them to the
Receiver at Trabexond, to decide whe-
ther the French ought to pay or not ;
and this becaufe they faltly allcdg’d,
That their King had broke the Peace
with the Grand Signior ; but the Cadi
declar’d they were not oblig’d^ to Pay.
T hat Night, out o f excefs o f Jo y we
Drank together M errily, congratula-
ting our Safety, and forgetting paft
Sulferings.
Trabezond, by the Turks call’d Tara- Tnbe^mi
bajjm , is feated in the Latitude o f 42 City.
Degrees, on the utmoft Bank o f the
Black Sea, and at the foot o f a Moun-
tain, that looks towards the N orth. Its
whole Circumference is but a Mile, but
its large Suburbs make up room for
20000 Inhabitants. It is an Archiepif-
copal See, and Metropolis o f Cappadocia,
a Province between the lefl’e r A /ia, and
greater Armenia. When the Empire o f
Confiantinople was deftroy’d, the Grech
chofe this Place fo r the Seat o f their
Empire, but it was not laftin g; fo r the
Fam ily o f Lafcari having Reign d there
200 Years, that is from 12 6 1. till 1460,
at length in the Reign of D avid, it was
taken and deftroy’d by Mahomet the Se-
cond, Emperor o f the Turks. A t pre­
font they call it the head o f the Pro-
vince Genich, or Jenich. It was rendred
the more famous by the Martyrdom o f
forty faithful Soldiers, who were put to
Death in a frozen Lake by the Com-
maud o f Licmius ; as alfo for the Birth
o f George 1 rapesvuntius, a mofl Learned
Man, who D y’d in the Year i4 8 6 , at
ninety Years o f A g e ; and 0f Bejfarion,
who for his Excellent W it and Learn­
ing,
: , .. • /
//> — <V\
f(jp) '
' chap, it ^ t TT r
rx-A-oO ing, was by Pope £«£v«e the Fourtli
Gemellt. made Cardinal, and Patriarch o f Con-
1694. ftantinofle.
t-Z’ Y 'X J Trabezond has not only fufler’d many
Calamities in pall Ages, but even in
this prefent; for in 1 5 1 7 , the Ruffians
eroding over the Black Sea, Plunder’d
and Burnt i t ; as they did Sinope and
Cajfa Cities feated upon the fame Sea.
So many D id d ers may fufficiently per-
fwade that nothing o f its antient Splen-
dor remains; it being now more like a
Village than an Imperial City ; fo that
it looks like a W ood inhabited, every
Houfe having a large Garden, with O-
live and other Fruit-Trees, befides fome
Fields intermixt.
Citadels. Thurfday 22d, I obferv’d that the C ity
has two final] C itadels; one on a Moun-
tain commandedby a Chians; the other
on the Plain, being fometimes the place
o f Abode o f the Bajfa or Beglerbeg, who
Governs the City without any Sangiack
under him. They have both weak G ar-
rifons, and little Cannon ; and if the
Townf-m en upon occafion do not take
up Arm s, they can make but a fmall
Defence.
Premil- Friday 23d, I took notice the Suburbs
0n> were for the mod part inhabited by
Armenians and Greeks, with their Bi-
ffiops, for the Exercife o f their R eli-
gion. Provifions are dear, to what they
are in other Parts! o f the Tnrkijh Dom i-
nions, and not good neither, efpecially
the Bread ; the Neighbouring Villages
furnilhing W heat, both the Hills and
Plain about the City being Barren ; and
the high Mountains cover’d with Snow
caufe more Cold than Plenty. Flelh is
to be found in the Market only fome
few Months in the Y ear; and Filh is ne-
ver to be feen, becaufe the City has no
Port, but an open Shoar, expos’d to the
incondancy o f the Sea, which renders
the little Filhing there is very Difficult,
O f all the Land produces, only the O il
is good ; and the W ine indifferent;
other forts o f Fruit for Plealure are fent
in from the Villages further o ff T h ey
keep their O il and W ine in Earthen
Veflels, and rack o ff the Liquor from
one to another with Cranes made o f
Canes.
Cuftom- T he Cudom-Houfe o f Trabezond is
Houfe. not fevere, for they never fearch’d my
Equipage, nor the Fathers, fo that any
thing may be carry’d into the City. But
m idruding led the Officers on the w ay
might give me fome Trouble, I went
o f my own accord, without being call’d,
on Saturday 24th, to the Cudomer, for
•o*
%L
k y ^ i_oT
a Tafcare, or Billet. He would know
what 1 paid at Conffantinople, and take
my W ord for i t ; and 1 telling him
that all I had being but a few T rifles,
I paid four Piaflrc j ; he took the fame
o f m e, befides a Profpeaive-Glafs I
prefented him with,
T h e Baffins Family was maintain’d fe-
veral Days at the Expence o f the poor
Greeks and Armenians, who are to make
a good Contribution when the Bajfa
himfelf A r r iv e s ; nor does this Exempt
them from the P ole-T ax ; and it is a
dilmal Thing to hear their Complaints,
they being to Earn all that Mony by
their Labour and Indudry. T he word:
of it was, that Provifions were then at
the Deared, it being the Month o f Ra-
maden, or the Turkijb Fad, when they
make amends for the Abdinence o f the
Day by their Gormandizing at N ight,
fpending mod o f it in Eatin(r o f the
Bed.
Sunday 25th, after hearing Mafs, I
went to fee the low Citadel. It is feat-
ed on a Rock, with a double W all, and
deep Ditch, and by its Building it ap-
pears to be antienter than the other.
M y Rais Lefier, refuling to give me
the Tafcare o f Conffantinople, and I on
that Account demurring to pay the
Freight for my Goods, we went on
Monday 26th, before the Cadi to decide
the Controverfy ; and it was given for
him, becaufe he brought the Cadi in his
Saick.
W h ild we Diverted our felves with
the JeJuits, we provided to fet out for
Arzem m with the fird Caravan. In or-
der to it we hir’d Horfes for a Zecchine
a-piece ( which in Chriftendom would
pethaps have cod ten Crowns) for ele-
ven D ays Jo u rn y; laying half a Load,
befides the Rider on each, after the Cu-
dom o f the E ad, and fo the Fathers
and I did. T ravelling is very Cheap in
the Turkijh Dominions, Provifions'being
at reafonable Rates on the Road ; but
on the other hand there is the inconve-
niency o f Lodging in the Caravanferas,
where nothing is to be had, every T hin g
being to be Bought elfewhere, and
Drefs’d there. T he Turks carry all forts
o f Utenfils for the Kitchiu o f Brals, and
very Neat.
Our Company was made up o f F. V il-
lot, a Lorrainer, Superior o f Anzerum ,
Re-edablilh’d in his Million, by exprefs
Command of the Grand Signior, tw o
Years after he had been Expell’d by the
Bajfa, (lik e thofe o f Trabezond, at the
Indigation o f the Schifmatick Greeks and
Arm e*
C
|S|
|0^ ji Voyage round the W OR. L D.
C ^ ^ m e m a n s \ Q iE D d tn m u s of A uvergne,
e w T who was going Mifiloner into the Fro-
iT o f vince of £ 2 * in JV/K. •, of F. Afar-
tl i o t G uicm c, who was to refide at If-
pi L , on the fam e Account •, and of F.
CHAP.
The Author's Journey to
r y n v e fd a y 27, I fet out after Dinner,
I with the aforefaid Fathers, and a
r:00d Caravan. After four Hours o f
Mountain and Dirty way, we lodg’d at
the high Caravanfera of Oreglan? where
we lay in the open A ir, with the Noife
of1 the great R iv er dole by, and o f
W ild Dogs that run about the Moun-
tains in T ro o p s.
Wetifday 28th, At break of Day we
proceeded on our Journey leafurly over
dreadful Mountains, and having T ra -
veil’d 24 Miles in nine flours, Pay’d at
the Caravanfera of Cufam , fo convent-
eat that the Sky covers very many. This
was not the molt beaten Road, but us'd
in W in ter; becaufe that of Jg a g i-b a ft f
which is Ihorter by two Days Journey, is
impracticable by reafon o f the Snow j
for which reafon, when we came from
Trabezond we left it, pafilng over the
Bridge on the left, where the Cuftom-
houfe Officers ufe to be.
Thurfday 29th, W e went on over
high and uncouth Mountains cover’d with
Snow, and thick o f Fir-trees i and
mounted fo high that at the latter end
of the Day, we found our felves almoft
in the ad Region o f the A ir, on the
tpp';bf Mount J2 % *»4 There the Wind
ufes to be fo violent, that two Years
before this time Caloltcos palling the
fame way to his Government o f T rabe-
zjsnd, in February, loft about ten o f his
Retinue, ftiffi’d with the Wind and
Snow. JF. Villot to confirm this, told me
that he paffing over there 5 Years be-
fore with F.U anderm an, a Flemming, this and at a fmall diftance thence by one of
Jail loft the ufe of his Tongue through
the exceffive cold, flaying behind in the
Snow, without being able to follow the
Caravan j but that he recover’d with
chewing Cloves, and therefore ever
fince the Miflioners call that the Moun-
tain o f Cloves. F. Dalmafms being out
of Patience on the top o f this Hill, be-
ing quite fpent with labour of climb-
iug afoot, broke out into thefe Words,
Come hither Gentlemen o f the Propaganda,
and fee what a condition we are in h ire. Caves or Stables , for they are dug out of
10^
______ <Sl.
Book 111.
Dominick of M agm a a .Dpmtnican, de~
fign 4 for the lame Religious employ in
the Monaftery of N a tio n ; f . of
the Country about Uom flaying at T r i-
bizond to exercife the fame tu ition .
III.
Arzeruro, or Erzerum.
And a few fteps further. Come along
you who do not g iv e a Fen n y j whereas we
come upon the Alm s o f France ; and J am
fa tisfy 'd you'll g iv e all you are worth to be
at home again . As he repeated thefe
words, I fmil’d, and the more to tempt
him, faid, Do you think that coming to the
M ifjion in the L eva n t, is like taking a
walk in the Tuilieries at Paris, or at Moil-
fieurs Pallace? T o favem y felf the pains
I , would not alight, bur. went up a
Horfe-back, in danger of breaking my
Neck down thofc: dreadful Rocks. We
defcended 4 Miles o f craggy way to the
Caravanfera , which takes Name front
that Mountain-, after Travelling 24
Miles in 11 Hours. Friday 30th, we
went down a more eafy way, but very
long becaufe of its winding about the
Mountain which abounds in Fir, Beech,
and Nut-trees. Then we pafs’d over
the 3d Stone Bridge near a Mountain,
at the foot whereof we entred into a
way under Ground, to come to a Cara-
vanfera at the other fide. After riding22
Miles in 10 Hours we lay at. Night in the
Caravanfera of the Village of Gium is-Xa*tey
that is, Silver Houfe, becaufe o f the ru­
ins o f this Metal there are in that
Neighbourhood, where the Country
produces plenty o f Apples, Hazle-nuts,
and bad Wine. Here we had but an
ill Night o f it.
Saturday the firft o f May-, after fix M,nes*
Hours riding, we pafs’d by a Gold Mine,
where they did not work becaufe it was
fpoil’d by the inundation of the River,
Silver. The Natives told me there were
many more of Lead, and Copper, which
is therefore very cheap among the Turksy
who have all forts o f utenfils of it T inn’d
both within and without. Thence we
pafs’d b yC u va n s, and after Travelling
20 Miles in 10 Hours, Night coning on
lay at Balaxor in the Houfe o f jur Car­
tergi or Muletier. This Village is
featedin an excellent and fruitful Plain.
1 cannot decide whether the Houfes are
the
 fa . " , '
<SL '

' ___ , _ _ _ f

Chap, ill “ fTl i R K Y .

O
the E arth , which ferves as a W all, X c N ight cam* a ~2 ^ T Z - “ '
G m d li. with great Beams Iay’d acrofs above, to i X i n ^ h c M - S S r
1694. fupport the Roof which is o f Earth aifo, becaufe they advanc’d flowly t o ° b e it
t / 'Y 'V J and even with the Roads they ride on. Belgrade at the end rather ^ t
T hey leave a large gap in the middle b S S S S t h e C t a w t o ^ T h u ? ?
*?. ^ ln ,tbe not regarding that ns to a great deal o f Trouble, fo r 'a r
f t[iey do within, cbn be feen through Midnight he took two o f our Horfes for
L A ear a^ Bef ls iodge together in his own Ule s and in the Morning we
J e“ ’ r f“ t!!at / was forced to fpend were at a IofsJ the C ardan being readv
> tbal Night in fiich good Company. I to fet out, and no other Horfes to be
was much pleas’d in this Country at their had in the V i!h e* T l ?
Strange Ovens to bake Bread and for other ufes. might not be l e i i n - ~n r WC
oveu. They make a Trench three Spans deep we made the L ? f T
in the,Ground, Plaifier’d with plain Mud, o Z foa H « rf,I t lC
with a final! hole for the Flame. Mak-’
ing a W ood file in it, they fallen an made amends for the joy o f the forego-
Iron acrofs the Mouth, and to that ano- ing Night being r
.her that is moveable fo (hapki that , „ " f 3 d3 / S t ' a p lc lt?
Pots may Hand and boil on it. T his tim eof it, in remembrance o f the dS
turns round for the convemency of the fecution fufFer’d by the Jefa ts a t J Z l
Pei ion that dreffes the Meat. I he Pots rum and 7 rabezottdoo. that day CwoYears
being taken away from the top, and the as was faid before 7 oyears,
Fire from the b o ttom lan d the Oven However encouraging one another
deans d from Afhes, they put m the we fet out like Pilgrim* nn aF j a
Dongh un.eavenM after c f e W n o f
the Halt, and thus the Bread or Cake is and well cultivated Country8 T he 7,1
foon bak d, winch the Mahometans like fa ts would not make ufc of the Horde
extremely. This done it ferves to but like the Apoftles traveled all the
* fpread the Table on and keep the Com- day afoot, F. D dm afas Hill cal] n? upon
W ^ l£lf0f T 1 0 t,er I irei the Gentlemen do Propagandato ro m S
And ffiuttmg the hole they make ulc o f and fee him walk. The Dominican
it to keep the Meat warm, in cafe Stran- Father and I rode by turns, and the
g e r a ih c ^ c o m e ip . ^ Country being full o f Pigeons, and Mai-
Zealof the be™ 6 fof the moft part lards, I foot many flying both a Foot and
Amadtms >nnabitated by A r m e n ia n s they all a Horfe-back, to the great admiration
* fiockd in Crouds to our Stable, to be in- of the Turks, who could not hit one*
ftruded In the Divine M yflm es byf. n i - which made F. Villot fay 1 was one o f the
lot. He had.learn d the A m m a n l,an- King o f France's Huatimen, fenttoferve
guage perfefftly to this purpofe } and in- the King o f Perfia in that cmDlovmen*'
venteda Game like thatof the Goofe, to After travelling 12 Mile in iFx Hours
make them the better remember thofe we pafs’d through the Suburb, into the
things calling it a game o f Devotion City B tih r t, w^erc they pay a quarter
becaufe the faid Myfteries were Printed o f a Ducat T oll for every H orfe.1
<5nTlt' ,, . T h is C ity is feated on a Rock.
I wgs not. a little edify d to fee what wall’d, and furni/h’d with but a few ^ 'b m
Pams thofe good People took to get room pieces o f Cannon. Good woollen Car- C,ty'
in o ar Stable,calling one another to hear pets made there are fold cheap. Its Su-
Ti h Hbl? r M e d 1111 b!lrb is P3rt in * e Valley and part, on
Nlf i - , T b e Harvelt in A f a is great, the fide o f the Mountain. W e went fix
and the Labourers but few. D id a M if- Miles further along the River, near
fioner flay in this Place but a few W eeks which we Encamp’^ at the Place call’d
he would dfaw ail the People out o f the Meaciar, where we recover’d our Hor-
darknefsor Herefyy fi> eafily are they fes, the Chians having left them. A great
brought to own their Error. The Je - Rain at Night wet us all.
fa ts apply themfelves very zealouflyto Tuefday 4th, we advanced but to
this good work m many parts o f the Miles in 4 Hours, fatin g up in the V il-
Tarhjl, and Perfa n Dominions j fuffer- lage o f A v irie , feated on a Mountain,be-
ing the Aifrontsland Outrages o f the M a- caufe the next days Journey was long.
bometans with Heroick Patience, having W e lay in the Houfe or rather Stable,
run'll tapes pcrfecuted and ex- o f an Armenian fa u lt after the fame tnan-
V ‘ Trn c‘ien1, 1 hey are maintain’d ncr as was faid before. Here they were
Tnikiw VCilU^S ^cCaPa ! t ^ tbisputpofe thenfowingofW'hea1;,becaufetbeSoilbe-
a'Ke' ing

• * .' ■■ 1■ . v ■ • ,-^a

i CL ^ ' , -J
111 <SL

104 A Voyage rouni the W O R. L D. Book 111.

;ne fruitful” it grows in a very Ihort
CM . t i l e , ind y ie ld ? a plentiful Harvelt,
t6 oa P nvifions are generally Cheap there •,
f i i ^ b S gf t K - P « n y , a a d a
fnr fifreen Perce
w Z e fd a y <th, we climb’d up moft
dreadful high Mountains cover’d with
Snow on the laft whereof we faw a
good’ Quarry o f white Marble. T h e
Turks o f the Caravan being afraid o f
Robbers would come one after another
to bid me ftand upon my Guard j rely-
i„ g much on me becaufe I had a Gun
and Piftols, and they thought me a good
M arkfm an; whereas they had but few
Fire-A rm s, and fome wanted Powder,
fome Flint, and fome Ball. Others came
to me to fix their Guns, and give them
Ammunition, for fear o f the Danger
that threatned. From the vaft height
o f the third Mountain we again defcen-
ded into a deep Valley, the Horfes with
their Loads every where flipping on the
Snow, and took our R eft in a Stable in
the Village o f Carvor, having T ra vell’d
Miles in eleven Hours.
Thurfday 6th, being to Ford over the
R iv er Euphrates, then fwoln with W ater,
we thought better to go three Leagues
about, than expofe our felves to fuch
Danger. Therefore parting from the
Caravan, with a few more that follow’d
us, w e went away to pafs over a Stone-
Bridge, near which the R iver
carrying not much lefs W ater falls into
the Euphrates or Carafee which is there
lefs than the Fdm rm is o f Capua, in the
Kingdom o f Naples^ W e l rav elld a-
long on the left o f it eight Miles on the
Plain o f Erzerum , ourD ays Journy be-
ing ten Hours to the V lllage o f Teunf-
chuil. T here were Perfons appointed
in all thofe Villages by the Tax-gatherer
to receive the Head-Mony of all T ra -
vellers, but we as. Franks defended our
felves by Virtue o f the Grand Sigmor s
Firman, o rO rd er,
T hat N ight, being near our Journy s
end, with the confent of the Categh
or Muletier, to whom I promis’d a Re-
ward, I clap d fome fmall l hings that
were to pay Cuftom,into a Bag o f Straw,
which in thoft Countries they lay under
the Loads inftead of Pannels.

CHAP. IV.
The Author's A rrival at Erzerum , And the Defeription o f that City.

F
Riday in the Morning, T ravellin g Prejcat, an Englifr Merchant, who a&ed
over a Beautiful, and well cultiva- as Conful, and liv d oppofite to m e ,
ted Plain, flatter’d with feveral Villa- He coming to bid me W elcom e, carry d
ges, and encompafs’d with Mountains me Home, and Entertain d me well at
foVer’d with Snow, at the end o f twelve Dinner and Supper, being forry he could
Miles w e arriv’d at Erzxrum. As foon not T rea t me, as he would have done
as we entred the Suburbs, we paid fif- in Chriftendom becaufe the Country does
teen Grains o f Naples, that is about not afford thofe Dainties that are to be
three Pence half Penny for each Horfe. had in Italy, and other Parts ; but he
T h en we went to the Cuftom-Houfe, tormented me with often D rinking to
but the Cultomcr being at Noon-Day me, requiring I fhould do the fame,
Prayers, when he came, we defir’d him which I could not. He inform d me to
t o Seal the Trunks, that he might come my Sorrow , that the D ay before my
home fome time after to Search them. A rrival, a great.Caravan was gone for
He very civilly comply’d, fending foon Tauns, which had been an excellent Op-
after one to Search them , who found portumty for me. .
nothing liable to Pay i fo that I found Erzerum , o r Adtrbegian, by fome is
not that Severity Monfieur Tavernier plac’d in the leffer Armenia, and by o- City,
mentions of Sealing the Trunks and then made the Metropolis of thegreater,
Bails a Day before they come to E rze- where they think it likely the firft Man
rum, by People appointed by the Cu- was Created, and placed by God in the
ftomer, that Things liable to Pay may moft delightful Garden o f Parad.ce. J u
not be taken out to Defraud the Cuftom- T h e Country is noble for having been
„ r- fit ft cultivated by Adam, when Expel] d Ge” -
I took a ftately Room in the Caravan- Paradice; and becaufe Noah, after the
[era near the Cuflom -Houfe, that I Flood came there out of the A rk, and
might often enjoy the Company of Mr. offer’d Sacrifice to God. A Country,

©

EllfeM ■ : ; ■* ij>
| * ________________:_____________ ______________ .______________
'Chap.IV- . Of TLIRJCY.
that on the top o f its Mountains long
Gemtlli. kept the remains o f the A rk, according
1694. to antieat Traditions, and upon the ere-
dit o f aildent Patriarchs. Prophane Au-
tfofepb lib. thors will have it that Thejfalus took the
1 . m q . ]>jame o f the Armenian Hero.
*?• 4* Erzerum is ieated on a long Plain, un-
der high Mountains, at the end o f the
Plain 30 Miles long, and 10 in breadth,
Us Walls are two Miles in compafs, and
are double, but not fill’d with Earth',
or Ramparts. About it is an indiffe-
rent Ditch, and feveral Tow ers at con-
venient Diftances, with Email Pieces o f
Cannon, fuch as they call Falconets, lb
that on the out-fide it looks much like
Conflantinoplc. A t the Eaft-end is a Ca-
ftle and a Fort, for the Aga of the Ja -
niz«ries, both o f them commanded by a
I-Iill and a T ow er on it, whence the
Enemy may be difeover'd at a great D i-
ftance. Near this Caftle is the Arm e-
nian Cathedral, much decay’d, except-
in? two Towers built o f Brick. There
arc three Iron Gates to the City •, at that
call’ d o f Tanris, there lie on the Ground
twenty good Pieces of Cannon ; the reft
being broke up to be carry’d to Conflan-
tinovle. The Houfes, as alfo thofe in
the Suburbs, for the moft part inhabited
by Armenians are low, and made o f
W ood and Mud ; the Streets narrow,
and unpav’d •, and the Bazar's mean ;
but it is fo Populous, that there are in
the Suburbs only 22 Caravanferas for the
Caravans o f Perfla. T h e A ir is very
Cold, by reafou o f the Snow lying con-
tinualiy on the Neighbouring Moun-
tains: but it is not fo bad for the Eyes
as Tavernier pretends; but this makes
the Fruit ripen very late, for which rea-
fon it is firft brought out o f Georgia,
and were it not fupply’d from the V il-
lages about; it would be fcarce. Yet
Provifions are very Cheap, for a Penny-
worth o f Bread will ferve a Man a Day,
and he may buy ajpioft thirty Pounds
o f Bisket for a Carline,. or Six-pence;
five Eggs for a Tornefe, or Penny, and
a Hen for five, and fo other Things
proportionably. All this Plenty pro-
ceeds from the fruitfulnefs o f the afore-
laid Plain. But, as I was told, Corn
does not ripen in fixty Days, and Barly
in forty, ( according to Tavernier's Ac-
count) for whilft I was there, they
were aflually Sowing' to Reap in Sep-
tm hcr.
Enphnm The River Euphrates has its Springs
River. in a Mountain call’d Aphrat, or M m gof
fix Hours Journy from Erzerm n; where-
fore the Springs o f this R iver, accord*
Vol. IV.
f g
,
■ K -
107
<SL
\
_ .05"
itig to Scripture and Fathers, being in inter.
Paradice, I was within iix Honrs of Pa- * u: h: f l*
radice. Put others are o f Opinion that ^ '7 4'
its true Source is in G eorge, and that " h
the frequent Earthquakes have cover’d
it.
The Government o f Erzerkm is very
Beneficial, and much Efteem’d among
the Turks. The Women in the City
are clad in Cloth, and wear Boots, and
a Black Thing before their Forehead to
hide their Face ; ou their Head they have
a long piece of Stuff hanging down to
their Knees.
Saturday 8th, Monficur Lacraniere, o f
the Province o f Blais, came with the
Caravan from Perfla, • and the next Day
turn’d Mahometan, dcfpairiijgf o f ever
obtaining his Pardon for two Duels lie
Fought, killing two Men in France. He
gave out he was Pent into thofe Parts by
the King, as a Spy upon the Turks, and
that all the Franks, who go into the Le­
vant, are Spies lent by the King to ffir
up the Perftans to recover Bagdat and
Erz.trurn ; and others into Mufrovy, to
perfwade that Prince to feize the Towns
on the Black Sea ; and that therefore
they carry their Credentials few’d up in
their Shooes. Tho’ the French look up-
on him as a Mad-man, yet thofe Bar-
barians feem to Credit him, to have the
opportunity of doing the Franks harm;
and this made me live in fotne Fear,
Sunday 9th, I heard Mafs at the J t -
fiats Church. Having left my Gun at
the City Gate, according to Cuftom, I
fent Monday 10 th , the ufual Duty to
the Turk at the Gate to have it return’d, E3Ctortion
but Mr. Prefect's Man going in his Ma- of the
fter’s Name, he reltor’d it without ta- forks.
king any thing. But on Tuefday \ 1 th,
as I was going to Mr. Prefcot's, 1 faw
the Turk that had reftor’d the Gun ma-
king Signs to me to flop. I went on
nevertheless, for not underftanding hint
I thought it in vain to flay. The Turk
enrag’d that I flighted him, ran after
me with his Knife drawn, and had hurt
me, but that Mr. .Prefcot laid hold o f
him about the middle. 1 had not fear d
him in another Place, but in Turky the
Laws are too fevere againft a Frank that
Oppofes a 7 urk, and therefore to be rid
o f him, I gave what he demanded-
Wednefday 12th, I Din’d with F. Ttl-
lot, and we rejoyced at our fafe Arrival,
but my Satisfaction was difturb’d on The An-
Ihurfday 13th, three Perfons coming to thor and
me from the MuJfelUt», or Bajpt s Lieu* ‘e,V
tenant, _ to Command me to depart the away t0
City within three D a y s; which Order 7yibe\mL
O was
. 4
' -
jj
# '•: .
■ 5
1
A V ~ V $\ * ^
|( t ) |
io6
- - - - - - ■ ' ...............
^ Voyage round the W O fv L D.
— —
r s A ^ was alfo fent to the Jefuits and Domini-
Gemelh. can^ ^ g y believing we were all five
* f 94 - Papas, or Religious Men. W e guefs’d
{A ^ r ^ a this was not only brought about by the
French Renegado, but by the Schifmatick
Armenians, to obftruft the Fathers fet-
ling in Erterum , and the fpreading o f
the W ord o f God. They had two Years
before prefented the Baffa with 2000
Piaftres, to fend them away together
with F. Philip Grimaldi, who was going
to China ; which was done with fome
Tumult rais’d by the Armenians, 2500
Perfons going in a Seditious manner to
the Band’s Houfe, and about 400 to the
Monaftery, where the Fathers had been
in danger o f their Lives, had they not
\ been well h air’d. T o put a flop to this
Mifchief, Brother M anfredi, who play’d
the Phyfician to reconcile the People to
the Society, was fent to the Mujfellin,
to Ihew him the Grand Signior’s Firman,
or Order for re-fetling the Fathers at
Erterum ; but he without fo much as
feeing it, order’d we fhould return that
fame Day towards Trabiz.ond. The great
diftance from Court made him not value
the Firman, and he faid the Papa’s had
reprefented Things as they thought fit
to the Sultan; and therefore he would
acquaint him how Averfc the whole Ci-
ty was to their Re-eltablilhment. The
Brother went thence to the Cadi to ob-
tain at leaft fome longer time, and was
civilly anfwer’d they might go with the
firlt Caravan, that they might not be
expos’d to be Robb’d and Murder’d by
Thieves. The Mujfellin hearing of it,
fent for M anfredi, and railing at him
for having been the occafion of the Fa-
thers Return firlt, and then o f their
Stay, committed him to Prifon ; but be-
ing told that the Cadi had consented to
the Delay, he releas’d him within two
Hours ; threatning to make him flay in
the C ity, and after formal Procefs to
caufe him to be Bapnado’d till the Nails
o f his Toes flew o ff
T hat fame Day the Mujfellin would
be inform’d what I was by Mr. Prefcot,
who giving him an Account o f my T ra -
vels, told him, I was no Religious Man,
nor o f the Society, but a Lay-Man that
T ra v e ll’d out o f rneer Curiofity. A s
he was returning home, the Dominican
Father came to defire him, that he would
acquaint the M u pllin , that he was not
o f the Society, but a Dominican, fent
into P erfa by his General, and that his
Order not being comprehended in the
Petition of the Armenians, he would get
him leave to proceed on his Journy.
(C $
*
' . <SL
Book ill.
_____________
But the Conful’s W ords were o f no force
with that Barbarian, whom nothing but
Mony could Mollify. F. Fillot was very
angry that the Dominican fhould have
made that life o f Prefect, and therefore
came in a Paffion at Night to tell me,
every one might fhift for himfelf, be-
caufe he and his Companions had the
Firman to go into Perfa . I bid him mind
his own Bufinefs, for I did not miftruft
God’s Providence, and was ready to fuf-
fer thofe Crofles, and therefore without
being at all difmay’d, I refolv’d i f I could
not go direftly from Erzentm , to return
to Trabeaond, and thence pals through
Georgia into Perjia.
Going on Friday 14th, to hear Mafs They ob-
at the Jefuits, I faw Brother M anfredi tain leave
go to the Mujfellin, and return with a t0 S° t0
favourable Anfwer, which when F. Fit- FerJia'
lot had heard, he faid to me, Moniieur
Gemelli, the Matter is adjulted for 25
Ducats; two Zecchines will be yourfhare
to go into P trfa . I might have an-
fw er’d, that fince the foregoing Night
they would not admit me into their
Number, I had taken other Meafures;
and that he did me that Favour to fave
Charges, becaufe the Mu/fellin would
have as much for three as for five ; but
that he might fee I was not led away by
Interefl:, I faid I would pay my Quota ;
which the Dominican was very unwilling
to do.
A fter Dinner the Naz.ar, or Prote-
dtor o f Strangers, who had been ac-
quainted with the Bufinefs by his Bro-
ther the M ujfellin, fent for M anfredi,
and made a great Noife becaufe we were
not gone. T he other anfwer’d we had
leave to go for Perfa . N o, faid the N a -
z.ar, you fnall go for Trabewnd, with
the Caravan that is now ready. M an-
fred i underftanding his Defign was to
have lhare o f our Mony, he told him he
would bring him an Anfwer the next
Day. But it pleas’d God, that News
being brought, both The Brothers 0n S a-
turday 1 5th, that the Bajft bad fent 0-
thers to take their Places, they being
taken up, refilling to refign to the others,
never thought o f 11s.
in the Evening, the M upllin fent for
fome Fathers that could fpeak the Tur-
kijh Language, to Expound fome Maps
given him by the Renegado Laironiere,
who could not do i t : F. Fillot went,
who, having given him Satisfaftion con-
cerning part o f A fia, tho’ the Turk was
not much the wifer, was ask’d, where
he had learnt the Turkifi Language ; and
he anfwering that in a Year he refided
at
i*
 ' e°^N\
|ll
/s & K
Chap. V. of T UJBL.K, Y.
» V V 1 at Conftantinople. T he Mujfelin reply’d,
Cemelli. he could not learn to fpeak fo well in a
1594. Year. It falling then opportunely, to
O V M talk o f our Affair, the Father added,
I liv’d feme time in this C ity, and was
here when the Fathers were expell’d 5
which I am given to underftand you
defig;: to do again, notwithftanding the
Grand Signior's Order. T h e M ufellm re-
p ly’d, W hy do you not go upon the
Million into Germany ? Becaufe the G er-
mans faid the Father, are our Kings Ene-
mies, and would kill us, and therefore
we come into this Country who are our
Friends. Then they went together to
the CaS’s (a Man whofe Wifdom had
raifed him to the greateft employs o f the
Empire in the Reign o f Sultan Mahomet)
and having Ihewn him feveral Coun-
tries o f A fia, he ask’d whether the Fa-
ther durft undertake to make fuch a
Map in the Turkijh Tongue, and how
long he Would be about it. Being told
he could do it in a W eek, they fent him
home, bidding him flay and do it.
F. Viibt being to ftay, 8 Zecchines
were fent by Brother M anfredi, on Sun-
day 1 6 th to the Mujfelin after which
the Chiaga fent to enquire about the reft
CHAP,
The Author's Journey to Kars, and the Danger he tvas in of being robbed.
Vefday 1 8th, the Fathers Dolma-
T tins, arid M artin, French Jefuits
their Tour- F- Dominick o f Bologna a Dominican, and
ney.' I, took our Flight out o f the City after
Midnight, like the Israelites perfecuted
by Pharaoh. Near break o f Day the
Cuftom-houfe Officers came out o f a
T en t to® ftop us fix Miles from the C i-
ty ; but Ihewing them the Cuftomcrs
difeharge and giving them a Rap, which
is a quarter o f a Neapolitan Ducat, they
let us pafs notwithftanding my Mule-
tie r, who was a Georgian, falling out
with an Armenian belonging to thofe
Officers, had buffeted him very well,
. Three Miles from thence my Horfe ftart-
ing threw me •, and with the fall broke the
Stock o f my Gun, which I could put
but into an Indifferent pofture to ferve
me by the way. All the Country we
travell’d over that Day was plain, and
much refembling the plain Apulia in the
Kingdom o f Naples. T h ey were a&u-
ally lowing, tho’ they had not Plow’d,
Vol. IV.
<SL
107
and haften our departure, fignifying that
F. (Gllot muft go when the Map was
made. T h e N azar fent for Brother
M m fredi again on Ainu day 17th , to let
him know he would be prefented as well
as his B rother•, both of. them had good
W ords, and were put in hopes o f that
which was acker to come topafs. T he
fame day two Servants o f the N azars
came to the Caravanfera in his Name to
ask a Veit o f me. Being fenfible this was
an invention o f their own, that they
might not go away diflatisfied, and con-
trive to do me fome mifehief, I promis’d ^
Mr. Prefcot fliould give them a Piafire af-
ter 1 was gone, that they might not
fend others on the fame errand. Seeing
my felf expos’d to be cheated and robb’d
on all fides, I reiblv’d to be gone with-
out a Caravan, hazarding all dangers
whatfoever* both the Fathers and I
thinking it better to go on, venturing
to be robb’d by Thieves, yet with the
Liberty o f defending our felves, than to
ftay in the City,like Sheep among W olves
without being allow’d to fpeak for our
felves. Having therefore hir’d Horfes
for 4 Piaflres a piece, we prepar’d to
leave Erzerum privately.
V.
Having crofs’d a great River about the
Evening, we went to take up our quar-
ters at the Village o f A xa , our CatergPa
/
place o f Birth,in whofe Houfe we lodg'd •,
having m 8 hours travell’d 20 Miles, out
o f the common way o f the Caravan,
which always pafles through the little
but beautiful Caftle o f Hajfan-kale, feac-
ed on a Hill, and 4 Miles diftant from
the aforefaid Village, where a Rap ot
quarter o f a Ducat is paid for every
Horfe. W e were lodg’d in the M ale-
tiers Houfe, and had an excellent Supper,
becaufe the place is plentiful ot Provi-
fions-, four Pigeons being fold for five
T omefes, or five Pencce.
Wednefday 19th,’ a Janizary crofting M o re sx *
the Road would make us return to the aftions,
Fort to pay a certain duty, and with
much difficulty we perfuaded him to re-
ceive it, without giving us the trouble
o f going back to the Fort. T w elve
Miles further we had a worfe re-encoun-
ter, through the fault o f the Muletiers,
O2 who
*oq • l

K fti
\
108 A Voyage round the W O R L D .
O vA > 0 who would take a Road not us’d by the
Gemelli. Caravans. T he Officers o f the Cuftom-
15 9 4 houfe o f Tolifci, and of the Bridge o f
l e y 's ; Scio-ban-nupri, feeing we did not take
the way o f the Bridge, came up and
commanded us to go with them, as far
as the Village. Being willing to buy o ff
this Trouble, they ask’d us 5 Piajires,
but feeing we fcofF’d at ther Impertinent
demand, they began to fly for fear o f
being beaten. W e on the other Hand
fearing fomething worfe might befall us,
thought it better to overtake them and
Compound for two Piajires.
T he fruitfulnefs o f the Soil, makes
Provilions there worth little or nothing;
and the more becaufe the Natives live
upon fourMilk, Cakes inftead o f Bread,
and Water. Having travell’d 28 Miles
in ten Hours, we came to the Village o f
Korafon, where another o f our Catergis
was Born, on the left o f the R iver A -
raxes, which runs from the Foot o f
Mount Mingol into the Cafpian Sea. The
Houfes o f this Village: are under Ground
likethofe of Balaxor.
Thurfday 20th, being Afcenfion day,
we Raid in that Village to pleafe the Ca-
tergi. One fent by the Cuftomer, came
home to view my Trunks, and fee the
Tafcare o f theCuftom-houfeof Erzerum .
He took nothing ; but a N azar that
came with him, feeing we had no Pafs
came again at Night, and would have a
E iajlre by way o f compofition, which
the Cuftomer did not approve of. It is
moft certain the poor Franks every where
fuffer through the avarice o f the Turks,
but in fome places a fniall matter con-
tents them. T he Women o f this Vil-
lage cover their Faces, almoft after the
manner o f Egypt, with little Plates o f
Silver, worth about a Carline o f Naples,
which move prettily with their Heads;
and they wear two rows o f Buttons on
both fides their Vefts, with other little
Silver Plates.
Fryday n d , we travell’d eight Miles
o f Mountain way, and halted on the
Bank o f a R iver, where our Catergis
would walk themfelves, that place a-
bounding in Mineral Waters. Going
thence we met w ith three Janizaries.,
who pretending they belong’d to the
Poll-tax-gatherer, would have us pay
that Duty. W e refufing to pay it on
account o f our -Firman, they would make
us turn back; arid therefore tho’ we were
ftronger, we were forc’d to give a P i-
afire to be rid o f them. A ll about
thefe Plains there were curious wild
Tulips, which would be much valu’d in
. ,
HO
/n
<SL
Book III.
Europe. W e lay that Night at Miftng-
IwVf, a Village in a Valley at the foot o f
a Rock, on which is an antient and al­
m oll ruin’d Caftle. Here tho’ there
were many Chriftians, yet we lay in the
open Field. The Natives to get fome-
thing gave us to underftand that but a
few days before the Rogues on the
Mountain had robb’d lome Travellers,
T h e Fathers and one Coggia Abram born
at Erzerum, being put into a fright at
this news, would needs take four Men
along to convoy us. I was fatisfy’d they
were Spies, and worfe than Thieves, and
that they had no good Arm s, yet that
they might not think I kept o ff out o f
covetoufnefs, I condefcended to pay my
[hare o f five Rups, we gave them, which
is a Ducat and a quarter,
For the more fecurity, we travell’d by
N ight, through Woods o f Pine-trees,
and over fteep Mountains the nelts of
R o b b ers; two o f whom meeting us had
not the Courage to make any attempt.
I loll: the fco u rero f my Gun in lighting
to walk part o f the way, and be ready
upon any occalion.
Saturday 22d, about break o f D ay, Knaverv
we found our Guards fuch as I had ima- of the ’
gin’d them; for two o f them had Match- pretended
locks without covers to the Pans or Guard.
Match, another had neither Powder nor
B a ll; and the fourth had nothing but
a long Staff which only wanted a
good Arm to ftrike. Thefe being as
great Thieves as any in the W orld, fee-
ing it was day, demanded their Pay be-
fore we were out o f the W ood. F. D al-
matius refilling, becaufe we were not yet
out o f danger, one o f them threatned
to run him through with his Spear; which
made me perfuade him to pay, rather
than indanger his Perfon. W hen they
had receiv’d the Mony, they ftay’d be-
hind, without regarding their Duty, for
we had ftill two Miles to go through the
W ood. W e had advanc’d but a few
fteps to get out o f it, before twelve
Men, fome afoot and fome a horfeback Danger
appear’d before us, at fight o f whom my of Rob-
Catergi drawing near me, faid, Cruft, or b®rs*
Thieves,and ask’d for one o f my Piftols,
but I would not give it him. Our company
was in a confternation, but Coggia above
the reft, who tho’ the Night before I
had fix’d his Gun, that he might help
to defend us in cafe o f need ; yet chofe
rather to truft to his Horfes heels, with-
out regarding the Shame o f running away,
than hazar’d his Life,by fhewing Courage,
T h e frighted Fathers and I being left
to oppofe the Robbers, I alighted with
my
~ a
m
\% 7s--- -< y-y
.-syf^y
<sl
~ lfh jI V L — y y R K Y .

r v A / 1 my Guns and Piftols in a readinefs 3 and
Gemelli. leaving them a Horfe-back with bad Pi-
1694.. ftols, and without Powder potted my
O V V ) felf on the L eft, behind fome Rocks,
waiting under Covert to fee what the
R overs would do. They being badly
A rm ’d, and fome o f them only with
Staves, tho’ T w e lv e in Number, would
not ftand the T e ft, but turning off, went •
up the Mountain, leaving the W ay free
to us. T h e Turks Extoil’d my Behavi-
our, and the Fathers much more, who
from that time forward us’d in jcfc to
call me Caraon-Baflci, or Captain o f the
froall Caravan. 1 was lb inrag’d a gain ft
the Run-away Coggia, that as a Punilh-
m eat o f his Cowardice, I would have
left his Goods to the mercy o f the Rob-
bers 3 but at the Requeft d f the Jtflm tti
I fufFcr’d them to be carry’d on. Being
out o f the W ood, we retted our Hot fes
in a Plain, near which there was good
Patture, and a Village o f Kurds. T hree
Hours after we let forwards a good Pace,
and went to lie at the Village o f Co-
tanlo $ having T ra v e ll’d that D ay 3 6
N iles in 1 o Hours. T h is Place was in-
habited by Armenians, who difturb’d ns
with their Sick, to get fome Medicine
o f the Jefkits, who carry fcveral lo r ts 3
which hapned to 11s wherdoever w e
came. A ll the way beyond the Moun-
tains, which made one half, was an ex-
cellent S o il, but uncill’d for want o f
People,

CHAP. VI.

A Jbort Defenft urn of Kars, and the Continuation of the Author's fourny
to the Frontiers of Perfia.

unday 23d, having Travelled twelve Detachment o f forty Horfe goes to fcour
S Miles in five Hours, we came to the the Country on the Frontiers. The
C ity Kars, the frontier T o w n o f the Houles by realbn o f the thinaefs o f the
Turkijh Dominions, and lodg’d in a Ca~ Inhabitants are more like Dens, made o f
ravanfera in the Suburb. T im ber and Mud. For 13 0 Years daft
XfrsCity. Kars is a Large, but not Populous C i- paft, lince Subject to the Ottoman Etu-
ty , tho’ there be plenty o f Provifions, pire, It has always been Govern’d by a
and very Cheap, feated in a moft fruitful Bajfla-, rather out o f Jealoufy becaufe it
Plain , and 78 Degrees 4 Minutes o f is a Frontier, than becaufe the greatnefs
Longitude, and 4 2 Degrees 40 Minutes o f the Place deferves it.
o f Latitude. T h e reafon o f its being In Compliance to the C atergi, we
fa ill inhabited is, becaufe being on the flay’d there all Monday 24th. The Geor-
Frontiers, it has fuller’d fometimes by gjan, would have all the Mony for the
the Ferfutn, and fometimes by the Otto- Journy paid him here, whereas the Cu-
man Arm s j being no fooner recover’d flora is to pay at the Journies end •, and
from the one, than it has fallen again w e refu ling, he flood in it, that he would
under tftc other, as has hapned to many go no further. W e were forced to get
other Places, which have been ruin’d by the Armenian Cuftomer to oblige him
the Perfians for eight or nine Days Jour- to go 3 or elfe we would have provided
ny. Kars is a fufficicnt Teftim ony to our felves otherwife at his Expence.
Pofterity o f the Behaviour o f the Per- But the Cheating Armenian made us pay
flans in taking o f ftrong Holds •, and for his Kindnefs 3 for whereas his D uty
how dreadful the ftrokes o f their Scirni- was half a Piaftre a loaded Horfe, he
tars are to the T nrks. ' demanded a Zecchine, and with much
Lcxic.Gco- But to return to the Buftnefs in hand. Difficulty to o l a Piaflre.
^ fr v ^ b ^ ars ^eaCec^ *n Tar comania. Its fhape Having agreed with theCuftom-Houfe,
Ctr.L ST' *s i ° ng) looking towards the South, and we proceeded on our Journy on Tuefl-
tw o Miles in compafs, on the fide ol a day 25th, taking as a good Omen four
rifing Ground. Its two W alls are o f Guns the Turks fir’d on account o f the
Earth, with fmall Tow ers, two Gates, Solemnity o f their Bair am, their Fall;
and as many Bridges on the fide o f the o f Ramazan being ended 3 which re-
R iver and Suburb. T he Fort which joyced the Hearts of the poor Country
Hands on the Rock, is inacceffible on People, feeing themfelves deliver’d from
that fide next the River. In it is a good the hardfhjp o f working on the Faft-
Garrifon, out o f which every Night a D ay, and watching to Eat at Night. A ll
that

. ■ , 7 ' : ■■■ w\ . ' ; , - _^ \

 ■ G^ N\
t(f)| ' •
j I0 A Voyage round the W O
C \*A *S)
that D ay riding over thofe excellent
Cemelli.plains, we met feveral Troops o f Kurds
1694. with their moveable Houfes on Oxen,
crV vJ with Pannels on them.
The There People live like Bealls, and are
Karels. f0 Brutal, that they wander about all
the Year, Peeking good Pallure for their
Herds, living upon the fame Food as
they do. A fter riding thirty Miles in
“ ten Hours, we lay in the Village o f Chi-
d a , confifting o f but a few Caves. Here
the5Infolent Catergl began again to re-
fufe going any further, unlefs he were
paid his whole Due ; and we did no-
thing but W rangle from Morning till
Night. I had much ado to forbear beat-
ing o f him, for fear o f bringing my fe lf
into further Trouble.
Jm-Ugic W e fet out late on Wednefday 26th,
city. aa(] vvere not a little mov’d to Compaf-
fion by the way to fee fo many Places
deliroy’d by the W ars, whofe Ruins
ftill fhew their former Greatnefs } and
particularly the City Anikagae, fix Miles
from the aforefaid Village. It was found-
ed on an A d v a n t a g e s , tho’ Marlhy
Ground, by a King o f Armenia o f the
fame Name. A good part of its W alls
are ftill ftanding, near the Eaft-fide,
whereof runs the River Arpafuy, which
t iling in the Mountains o f M ingrelia,
. .;
The End of the
N ‘
'!
<SL
ky*-*
L L). Book 111.
falls into the R iver o f Kars. T here
are {till to be feen the Ruins o f feveral
M onafteries, two whereof are almoft
entire, which they fay were founded by
Kings.
Going on at a diftance, w e difcover’d Mount
the high Mountain A rarat, where Noah’s AmiU
A rk is faid to have relied. T hen w e
entred upon a Valley, on which there
were feveral Things like Piramids fcat-
ter’d about, made by the W ater in
Stone, very Pleafant to behold. N ext
we pafs’d by the Fort o f Arpafuy, the
lalt Garrifon o f the Turks, feated on a
Rock after fuch a manner, that it needs
no W all on three fides } but only on
that where the- Entrance is. W ithin it
there is a good Garrifon, and without
a Village, where a Rup, or quarter o f a
Neapolitan Ducat is paid fo r every Horle
thatpafles. In this fame Valley we pafs’d
a Bridge over a R iv er which parts the
Ottoman and Perft an Empires. A s loon
as 1 got to the further fide, I alighted
to kifs the Ground 1 had fo long wilh’d
fo r, that I might be deliver’d from the
Frauds o f the Turks. W hat hapned to
me from that time forwards, fhall G od
w illing be deliver’d in the fecondV o-
lume.
. ,.. t,y.:: ; " ' :i
.»/
Firft VOL V M E.
A VOY.
0
tV(s*»D f
---- W/
' <SL

Chap. I. ' IIt

V O YA G £
R ou n d the W O R L D ,

By T)r. John Francis C

Gli areri.
em

P A R T II-
C o n ta in in g th e m o ft R e m a r k a b le T h in g s h e f a w in
P E R S I A .

b o o i n ~

CH AP. I.
The Author's Eutrmg ut m the Perfian Dominium, m d jm m jto Erivan. with
the Deferift ton o f that Qitj. 1
rsj \ ^ iT” j | " [v H E Poileffion o f thole Things thing according to the Quality of the
Gemelli. ■ we have long defir’d, produces Perfons. Havin'* refl-ed a th£
■ «9 4 . A . j " “ « J°y and SatisM ion, S e t w V S o t a ^ S ^ ™
that it makes us forget pall SuRrings, and having in all Traveled “ s i ®
and difpoies ns willingly to undergo that Day in ten Hours, the thief S t !
fuch as are to follow. I his hapnedto t
me at my entnng upon the P „fM Do- P„ fia. this Pla’e was 1 ™ “
minions, for the Pleafure of it made me for the ufe of the ChrilHim T •rCtl
not think of a tirelpme Afcent we had X are the belt paS i f t e I n S S T t ?
to Climb; and taking Heart now I was On the high Altar are the Pidfu ts of
m a Country, where more Honefty was the Holy Annfl-iec■ 1
Ptaais-d, 1 with good Cudgelling made fa 5 £ S .“ 5 S E
the „atergu go on, who would needs taken up our Lodging in the Hnnfh n?
E £ aS « T ° J ,er ^ 5 ^ - ChtiftFan, as « f f i d ? n f a ,n h ™ n g l J
i f 1c, ’ mg advis d me but juft Armenia, that is Subjed to the Turks
the Turl'ib C U^*T becaufe a E'ertabictto, or Armenian Preacher, but
£ £ ? £ t“ " S d “ make Ex- “ ' « * “ »3 R«de ignorant Clown,’tame
Firft Vil- After ten to Vilit us, who feeing one of ourHor-
lage of mulrirnde nf ^ ? riding, we met a fes Sick, fell to blelling of Water for
% retf* (which they fct'u n 'in T ^ in ^ f J c“ ? hi™’ cro,I‘nS k >mumbling fome Words,
a Pnie in r L r l Moment, fixing and making ugly Faces, and throwing a
at the top of f t 't o r ' l 3 f r i Wi?eel NeedIe int° “ ^ e e “ mes, i " ™ ™ *
Staves ar'cfaftneH m E S l other. cr° oke^ Superftidous manner imaginable. T o
they exaded half f p i “ P CS TrCntl this Vll,3S e they bring on Oxen, with
ns l X I I f p r > 0rfe ° f Pa,Dnels° n them’ abundance o f Stone-
ufuai tooDenTninirQ UP1 ^ r n0c Sak’ wh,ch th£y cut 0IIt of a Mountain
d ° pen Tri)nks> but t0 Sive fome- a Day’s Journy from thence.
In

113
my I Ql
j I2 ^ Voyage round the VV O K L D*____ _ \*___

•----------- ~~ : r Z‘ ,T , " rnr;0US and T h e Patriarch is counted one o f the The Pa-
rv A -xO in thcftj Fields I < , Prince firft among the jtrm eniam , and has fuch tnaich.
<j etnelli.rare Flow er, which amy' ^derable Sum a conceit o f himfelf and his Authority,
1694. would perhaps give a that not very long iince, he had the bold-
o f Mony to have in hi Garden. 1 he t ^ £xJ 6 ^ s . Le0 Popc, be_
A alnous Stalk or it is not above half a Span Jong, approv’d the Council o f Cake-
"* "• .t t h c c .d .1 ^ ^ ™ * ™ ^ ™ X f „ h S P™ m iOTn>d“ hcirS and the
Flow ers Handing upright, Hite a r m me « >
of Feathers,t and three ocher urg e ones ' T h e 2d Monaftery, with the Church The 2d
hanging down m a I ria.nh e> * 1 dedicated to S. Carana, is a Musket fhot Mona-
tie black Rofe in the middle, u d three S t a t e d to b. t j Honour ««v-

” • tw m ,n 6 J“ S f f p S S » » » “ ” > " 8 ' - ‘y

hour the aforela d Flowers w<j * ith 4 o Maidens, to fee S. was
_ Thurfday 27th, a tb r e a k o u y r; o f ^ * * 4 ctft into a W ell
fe to u tg a O , full o f Snakes, becaufc fhe would not
Church, in nine Honrs came to the tm Onfen tto his W ill; where having re-
ches, call’d j g f t j Y ean gw ith o u t receiving any
M tlf ‘s’ T his as harm, at laft in a Rage he put her to
SS B i f i * ^ f ! T * ijft o o Death With the 4 o Maidens ; as the ^
Years after the conuiig oi C J u i ^ and mrmam o f the Church is like
they add, that w j j u the W ai s w^r th{? other, but k fs. T here is but one
h,gh as a M " , the D evii in t P A itar with the Body o f an Heretical
deuroy d aH they Bu y y , ^ Arm enian, whom they call a Saint, un-
that at laft Jefu s Chrut PP & , der jt T h ere are two other Tombs
N i g h t , , D e v , could ^ onget ob- « Qn ^ (jJc o f the grea[
itruft the Building of the Chut . • *As for the Monaftery it has a
dedicated to W k h - finall C loifter, with a Garden, and Cells
rtumans pay a great V cnerat . fewMonks,who look to a final! num-
in, thc Straftarc is in the form o f a u ie Country People.
C ro fs, with a Cupula in t t e ™ dd^ J h ,d Monaftery a M ile and a half , 4 Mcni-
under which they fhevi the Scon. ,, p is very finall, and dedicated ftery.
which they fay o u r " S S m S u T h ere is ’but one A ltar
St. Gregory, much honor. t d s\ t Church, which has three D oors,
T here are three Doors into .t, and all Vineyards and Fields belong-
the Pavem ent,s cover’d w .t h g ^ C t u - - V“ ' Ve„ as thc others. T h e

PT . w J ! k CJn 'A fc c n t o f Ibiir Step s that go out or return to

a 2 S I *> t e t j E f f S & £ * & £
v w io n s S 'to tw e iv e the Patriarch’s Blef-

three to that on the left, wkh each a ,n& T v p jajn Df E riv m is very fertile, Plain of
Patriarchal Chair agam ftM afs is folemn- f vi d Fru it-trees; as Erivun.
I f Celebrated at them. On th= out-fid nd f c j Rke> a„ J
there are four finall T o w ei s at the tour « ‘G rain ° nd this becaufe the N a-
A f lX l £ , S J f o" [he G r o f f every tives improve it, making ufe o f the W a -
and the Standard of the Grots e y * jje R jver Araxes, which runs
where Jet up ; wJ ‘ch J® ^ peinUtted a. [ ro ft it, befides feveral other R ivulets;
by the Turks on any Account. , levelline, the Ground with a long
The Mo- r1 £ 'S S .- k b [R ope
mftery. where the Bifhop ana Fatn,. > , j forward by another, with a
y with an excellent Garden in the midd e. mid help d torwa a 7>
T h e Patriarch’sApartments are over the ^ d e H e n c ^ r , thatwh ^ j
firft great Court, where the Fountain m - ipe J 1
is-, through g e l T r v e s 'o n l Mount A rarat is but 8 Miles from tbefe
cond, which with its Arches llrves n M ^ aft^lieSi a conllant Tradition de- .
ly for a Caravanfera for P k g r ir n s ,f o r c» • t0 our Days,will have it that
the Monks go through anoi^er Court ^ ^ n SttA o n i ' A t t h e F o o t o f
and larger Gate to the.r Cells and fhe R iver Jr a x e s , and rifesano-

sssKm s ?s :f ;
Gardens. 1PeaK *
5 “ f l
T h at

UM . ! ;
 ■ "
'C h i p : ^ PE R S I A. ~
C sS*S \ T h at Night I lay in the great Mona-
Gemelli. ftery, and Fryday 28 th, in the Morn-
1694. ing went into the Church, to fee about
l/ ’V ' S J70 Prielts officiate in two Rooms in the
mid ft o f it. 3 Hours after we continu’d
our Journey to Erivan on a good Road,
and paffing by many Villages alter ten
Miles riding, came to that City. I took
a Room in the only Caravanjera there
was in the Suburb, to avoid troubling
the Jefuits, who did not live like the
Italians.
T h e prefent City o f Erivan was built
C\vsT on the ruins o f another o f the fame
Name, in the longitude o f 64 degres,
and 20 Minutes, and 42 degrees, and
15 Minutes o f latitude. N ext the R i-
ver Zangli, it is feated on a Rock, and
the other parts on the Plain. Its whole
circumference is but a Mile, with a deep
Ditch, a double W all; and Baftions o f
Earth’, fubjeft to be beaten down
with Cannon, and waffi’d away with the
Rain. N or are the Houfes any better,
and Inhabited only by a few Traders, and
the Garrifon. It has three Iron-G ates;
and but a few, and thofe fmal) Pieces
o f Cannon. T he Bazar is indifferent,
T h e Palace o f the Cham or Governor
fronts the R iver, and is as great as Earth
can make it.
t ?i vi* Saturday ’ 29th, I went to fee the
TneMmt. where the Sjjver an(j Brafs is
Coin’d ; there being no Gold Coin in
F e rfa , but what little is made at the
K in g’s Coronation, which is either feat-
ter’d among the People, or given to
thofe that have deferv’d well. T h e
Ferfans Coin their Mony after this
fafhion. Having placed the Metal in a
trench, with Coals and W ood over it,
they melt it by the blowing o f tw o pair
o f Bellow s; they call it into long flips,
which they afterwards beat out into
P la te s; others cut it out and others
make tne pieces round, others weigh,
anti others hammer them fmooth, af-
te r which they are Stamp’d by force o f
IVien.
. Sunday 30th, . I went to take the A ir
35 $ on the Bridge there is over the aforelaid
s ’ R iv er, confuting o f good Arches, near
which under the fhade o f thick T rees,
there are fmall Rooms for the diverfion
o f the Cham, to whom the Government
o f the City is worth full 200000 Crowns
a Year. T h is R iver comes from a Lake
The call’d Gigaguni, 80 Miles diftantfrom E -
River* rivan, and falls into the Araxes, run-
iling 3 Leagues o ff on the South fide.
The Munday the laft o f the Month, I
Suburb, walk’d about to fee the Suburb, or ra-
Vol. IV .
• ,
IK
__
*SL
T IT T
ther the Inhabited Country, becaufe o f
the many Farms and Gardens it contains.
It is 20 times as big as. the C ity, molt
o f the Traders, and ail the Artificers
and Armenians, living in it. T here Is
an excellent Baz.ar and A4eidan along
the City W all ; but there is an infinite
number o f ruin’d Houfes, by reafon o f
the continual W ars betwixt the Turks
and Perfa n s, which have reduced the
City and Country about it, to a deplor
fable condition. T,he whole compafs
is about 10 .Miles, for the moft part en-
clos’d with a work thrown up o f Earth,
and by the neighbouring Hills, which in
time o f W ar, might much endammage
the City. All this fpace produces ex-
cellcnt W ine, and abounds in delicious
Fruit, befides pleafant Poplar, and W il-
low-trees.
From T om to Tsutris the Country is
for the moft part inhabited by Chriftians,
who get their living by Silk works, and
other T ra d e s; becaufe o f the tontinu-
al Palfage o f the Caravans, which carry
Silk from a Province near Erivan, and
other Commodities o f Perfa . It is in-
credible how great an income thefe Ca-
ravans bring to the K in g ; becaufe the
Cuftom-houfe being nothing fevere, for
n0 Bates o f Goods are open’d, the Mer-
chants are willing to refort thither with
the belt Commodities they can, pay-
ing but fome fmall duty to the Officers
on the way. .
4. Tuefday the firft o f Tune, not to .lye ^
idle at Erivan , I hir’d a Horfe to go church,
with fome others iato the Country, to
the Church o f Kiekart. I came thither
after 8 Hours riding, and found a Mona-
ftery o f Armenians cut out o f the Rock,
whereof the Pillars are made that fup-
port the Church. According to their
Tradition, the Spear that pierc’d our Sa-
viour’s fide, is preferv’d in this place.;
which they fay was brought by St. M at-
them. N ear this Church is a Lake, and
five other Monafteries o f Armenians
A s loon as I came to triva n I hir’d
Horfes for Tauris, for 10 A bdfts a piece
(every A baft is worth about 38 Grams
and a half o f Naples Money, that is, two
Shillings wanting three Pence) but un-
demanding the Road was notfafe, was
fatisfy’d to ftay for Company. A t length
finding fome, I refolv'd on Wednefday
the 2d, to go along with a Georgian-, but
whilft he was preparing his tardle, I
fentfor my Horfes, and found the M a ­
hometan, who had hir’d them, broke his
W ord with me, counterfeiting himtelf
Sick. T his difappointment fretted m e,
P fee-.
_' l
 ■ e° i x
f / y — 'n s \

f(f)|

1 14 Fflyigg round the W O R L D. Book IT

rswA^o feeing my Companions go away without
Geme/li. hopes o f finding any more at that time:
16^94. Becaufe the Caravan that came from E r-
*/V "v z.erum, had flopp’d half way for fear o f
Thieves.
Thurfday 3d, I din’d in the Monaftery
o f the Jefuits j and being inform’d on
Friday 4th, that there was another fmall
Company o f Georgians going co N akci-
'A fff'i'J van, I refolv’d to go with them, the
rerfian Dominions being more free front
Robbers than the Turikijh; and accord-
ingly 1 hir’d two Horfes, at the rate a-
bove-rnentioned, and prepar’d for my
Journey.
Mount Before I go further it is fit I give an
\/ Anrth account, that all the while 1 was at E ri-
f van I obferv’d Mount A rarat was al-
/ ways clear in the Morning up to the
/ top ; but towards Evening the many
Vapours the Sun draws, both from the
Mountain itfelf, and from the W aters
on the Plain, thicken the A ir, and it
Thunders and Lightens, and at laft
the Vapours diflolve in Rain. It is
alfo to be noted that this Mountain is
higher than Taurus, or Cducdfusl and
that being above the firft: Region o f the
A ir, and always, cover’d with Snow, it
is as cold as pofilbly can be. However
Molefidcfc. the Dutch Man’s Relation is Fabulous,
ddVniv. who tells u<; that in the Year 16 70, being
to 2. p. oblig’d to go up it, to care * Religious
2 ‘ 4' Man, hefpent 7 Days in the afeent, T r a -
velling 15 Miles a Day-, and lying at
N ight in certain Hermitages he met
with, at every five Leagues; and that he
pafs’d beyond the Bounds o f the firft
Region o f che A ir, where the Clouds
are form’d, the firft o f which he found
Thick and Dark y and the others vehe-
ment Cold, and full o f Snow ; and that
the 3d Cloud he pafs’d through, he muft
have dy’d with Cold, had his dreadful
Paflage lafled but a quarter o f an Hour
longer:, but that the next day as he
mounted, the A ir grew more Tem pe-
rate •, and that coming to the Cell o f the
Religious lick Man, he was inform’d,
that in 20 Years he had liv’d on the
Mountain, he never had felt Heat, Cold,
or W ind, or feen any Rain fall. Be-
fides that the good Hermit would give
him to underftand that JSfcab’s A rk was
ftill whole on the ridge o f the Moun-
tain, the good Temperature o f the A ir
having fav’d it from rotting. An ex-
ceHent invention o f the Dutch-Man to
perfuade 11s the T erreftrial Paradice is
there; but I and all that have feen it,
have obferv’d the top o fit furrounded by
a very thick M ill, from the Evening for-
wards, as has been faid. It is true about
the fides o f it,there are many Hermitages
inhabited by Religious Ghriftians, who
endure very much cold, there being not
fomuch as a flump of a T re e about the
Mountain to make Fo e of. T h e Ar~
menians call it Mejefufar, that is, Moun-
tain o f the A rk ,' and the Eerfim s A -
gri.

C H A P. II.
The Author continues his Journey to Tauris, with the Deferip ion o f that
City, and of Nakcivan.

S
At nrday 5 th , that I might not lofe lome Turks, who were with us, to lye
the 2d opportunity, I caus’d my on the Ground in the open A ir.
luggage to be loaded on my Man’s Horie, Sunday 6th, at break o f Day we croft’d
an d fe to u t in baft, with F. Dominick \ the R iver with a Guide o f the Country,
F. Dalmatitu being gone that Morning to becaufe, being two Musket fhot over, it
his Million at Sciamaki, and F. M artin is hard for Strangers to ford. Then we
Haying at Erivan. W e put on a good rode along a plain Country, lome un­
rate toovertake ifaeGeorgian, and others till’d and tome cultivated and improv’d
that were gone before. About an hour with the cuts drawn from the Neigh-
in the Night began the ufual Lightning bouring Rivers to water the Corn, and
and Rain on mount A ra ra t, and we other Grain 3 which has this great fault
coming an hour after that to the Bank that it will not keep above a Year. This
o f the River Gavuri-ciny , which was day we tra veil’d 30 Miles in n Hours,and
much fwollen and was to be forded, at Night lay in the Village o f Satarach,
thought it more advifable to defer it till where inftead o f fleeping, every Man
the next day. W e lay in the Village o f watch’d to Guard his Baggage, for fear
the fame Name, where there were ma- o f the Country People, who are moft
fit Kiieds having travel’d but 18 Miles, expert at robbing o f Travellers.
„-> The final lnefs o f the Caravanfera oblig’d
A ilin’

' ' \ VV V

u t,
 ' G°t&x
III
.vs^y'
a ^ in Of PE R S I a .
C \ J^ s ^ Munday 7th, we fee out betimes, and
Gemelli. held on our Journey through a Valley
1694. very dangerous for Robbers. Being
l / Y M got out o f it, at 15 Miles end we ford-
ed another deep River. Here we found
the Rattan or Guards o f the Roads, who
demanded an extraordinary fum o f me,
and F. Dominick, fo that 1 was forc’d to
make my way with Piflol in hand. They
ftill would not quit F. Dominick, who
feeing they held his H o'fe by the Bridle
would have the other Piflol to fright the
Ratta r; but at laft they feeing me refo-
lute let him go, taking an A baft a head,
T he Guards being again crept into their
Cottage we pafs’d through another deep
R iver, into a cultivated Country, and
two Miles further another River call’d
Arpaci or Arpafu. T his River tho’ di-
videdinto three Branches is very rapid,
and we had like to have perifh’d in it.
The itream before our Eyes carry’d a-
way fo ra large Musket-fhot, an Arm e-
nian Catholick Woman a horfe-back
with her Son behind her, and Ihe was ne-
ver the leaf!: daunted; no more than
was another that rode behind a Turk,
for in Perfia three or four, will get upon
aHorfe. When the W ater is higher by
reafon o f the thawing o f the S^ow, they
pafs it a League lower. Riding on a-
long Fields altogether untill’d, we went
to lye by the Caravanfera o f Keraba, ha-,
ving tr aveil’d 30 Miles in 1 1 Hours.
This Strufture was fquare and one o f
the moll Capacious and Beautifulleft I
had feen. There a plentiful Spring o f
good W ater gulhes out o f a cut Stone,
T he Armenians fay it was made by Shem,
Tiv. lib, 1. *-be Son o f Noah. As for this Waters
chap.4. p. petrifying in a Ditch ten Miles off, T a-
43- vernier dreamt it, for none o f the Per-
fan s or Armenians that were acquaint-
ed with the Country knew any thing o f
it, much, lefs that the Caravanfera was
built with thofe Stones.
Tuefday 8th, Riding 15 Miles we
came to Nak-civan, whence F. Dom i-
nick went diredly for the Monaftery o f
Abarener, whither he was bound, but
with great fear o f the Rattars, who
are great Thieves. I was left alone ex-
pos’d to their Knavery, and they ask’d
me 20 Abafts for my Horfe, whereas
the Armenians pay but two or three, and
I had much to do to content them with
nine. T h ey ufe none lb ill as they do
the Franks, who muft give them what
they will have for fear o f fome affront,
they being infolent in the highelt de-
gree. It may therefore be truly faid
that Nak-civan is the moll troublefome
Vol. IV.
i*j
■ <SL
iT f
place in Perfa ,o n account o f thefe Rattan.
and like another Er^erum in Turky.
Some will have N ak-civan, to be the .
antientelb City in the W orld, pretend- c Z X .™ "
ing that Noah when he came out o f the 1
A rk liv’d there ; perhaps becaufe it is
but 30 Miles from Mount A rarat. T h ey
add that Noah was bury’d there, and
they fupport their Opinion by the Eti-
mology o f the City, becaufe N ak in the
Armenian Tongue flguifies a Ship, and
Civ an, flaying. Whatever there is as
to this Point, there is a fufficient T efti-
mony o f its Antiquity in the ruins o f its
Buildings reduced almoft to nothing,
by the continual Wars ; and particular-
ly by the Barbarity o f Amurat, who
utterley deftroy’d it, leaving no token
o f the Noble Mofchs built by the fol-
lowers o f H a lf and held as profane by
the Turks ; for which reafon wherever
their Arms come, they deftroy them ;
as the Perfan s do by thofe o f the Turks,
through difference in Religion, whereof’
we lhall Ipeak hereafter,
In the new C ity, there is but one long
and narrow Street, with one good Bafar,
and four large and excellent Caravanfe-
ras, for the conveniency o f the many
Caravans, that o f neceflity muft pafs
that way. T h e Suburb is fmall, with
Houfes built like Caves. Near the City
is a great Brick-building, above 70
Spans high, and Odangular, ending like
an Obelisk. The entrance is through a
great Gate, within which, there are
winding Stairs up to two Tow ers, that
are on the tides, and have no Commu-
nication with the Obelisk. T h ey lay it
was ereded by Tamerlan, when he went
to Conquer P erfia: T h e City and Coun-
try is govern’d by a Cham.
Finding my fe lf in the Power o f fuch
bafe People as the Rattan,or Guards,who
threaten baftinadoing at the fame time
they demand their T o ll, I endeavour’d
to fly the fooneft I could. Accordingly,!
provided that fame D ay to go along
w it| a Perfa n Envoy, who was going to
Jfpahan to carry a Prefent to the King,
Having therefore hir’d two Horfes for
my felf and Man for 5 Abajfis apiece,
I fet out o f the City alone about three
Hours after Night, to exped the En-
voy at a place appointed. T w o Miles
from the T ow n I crofs’d a R iver that
falls into the Araxes on a good Bridge
o f twelve Arches, and at a fmall di-
Ranee thence join’d the Envoy: W e
held on our way through a plain Coun-
try , crofs’d by many cuts to water
the Fields, which made their W aters
P 2 run
r 1
■ e° i x

W) ' <SL
Ti6 A Voyage round the W O R L D. Book I.
( \ r a n thick and m ud dy, as does the Miles, in 4 Hours. It is a brick Build-
Gemelli. Araxes itfelf. *HS» large, and Iquaie, with four T’ow-
Having travelFd 27 Wiles in 9 Hours, crs at the four Angles. Then riding 20
O ^ V X J ive fe lle d on Wednefday 9th at Z u lfa, to Miles further, we came to the Village
Zulfxi crofs the Araxes there in a Boat. Z u lfa of M arant a. Here they fay Noah’s
at prefent may be faid to be altogether W ife was bury?d T h e Village is large
difinhabited, becaufe Scia-Abas the fir ft, or rather a W ood o f Boufes, by reafen
K in g o f Perjia, tranfplanted all the In- o f the T rees and Gardens among them,
habitants to new Zulfa in the Province which hinder the fight o f the Mud-hou-
o f Guilan, and to other Places, that fes, at any diftance. It is feated in an
they might not be left, expos’d to the excellent fruitful Plain, three Miles in
continual incurfions o f the Turks-, yet length, and two in breadth, with ma-
what remains of it under Barren R ocks, ny more Villages about it. Here is a
on the left o f the A raxes, fufficiently great noble Caravanfera , with four
demonftrates, it was no very confider- T o w ers at the four A ngles, and a
able C ity, being a heap o f Mud, and o f curious Spring o f the bell W ater I e-
Caves under Ground. 'The tw o Caravan- ver tailed out o f Italy. Four Miles
[eras built by Coggia Naz-ar an A r m e n i a fhort o f this place , I was met by
one on the one lide o f the River and the the Rat tar, or Guards o f the ways,
other on the other, are alfo ruin’d ; and T hefe are more to be fear’d than R ob-
therefore only a few Armenians live bers, becaufe under colour o f their em-
there, becaufe but a Mile from thence ployment they rob fecurely, being arm’d
there is an excellent and fruitful Soil. with knotty Clubs (a Weapon common
Artxes T h e Araxes being here confin’d be- to both Noble and ignoble in Perjia) like
River. tween two Mountains is not narrow but Banditti, and they cheat Franks more
deep, being fwell’d by the W aterofth at than any other People, exa&ing what they
R iv e r, which three Miles from thence pleafe o f them without refpedt to the
w e forded four times. It is thought to Nature o f the Commodities - and becaufe
be the fame that Mofes and the H oly they do not open the Bails, they will
Scripture call Gihon, which Springs in have as much for a parcel o f Rags, as
the T erreftrial Paradice, becaufe it has lor the Richeft Jewels in the W orld,
its R ife in the fame Mountain, and at T h e common Duty is 5 Abajfts a Horfe,
a fcnall diftance from Euphrates, the one but they are fcarce fatisfy’d with a lia
running Eaft and the otheralmoft W eft, poor T ra veller has.
T h e Boat to Ferrry over the Araxes is Friday n t h , before day we entred up-
ill Built, and worfe managed, having on a Mountainous Road, at the end
only two Oars to bear if up, lb that w hereof we met the other Rattars o f
when it comes to the further fide, the Schiachit, who take an A baft a parceL
rapid Stream carries it a Musket foot A fter riding 10 Miles in three hours,
low er than it lhouldgo, and then it mull we pais’d by the excellent Caravanfera
be hal’d up with a Rope. T he Ferri- o f Jamghet, well built o f Brick, with
men have half an A baft a Horfe, and four T ow ers at the Angles, and big es­
thete is one appointed by the R m a r nough to hold an hundred Perfons. Ha-
o f N ak-C ivan, who delivers a Letter ving travelFd as many Miles more over
feal’d in Token that the Duties are paid, a fiindy Plain, we came to the C ity, o r
which if it were omitted, they would rather F o rrell o f Sofiana; for there are
oblige them to pay a g a in ; fo bale fo many T rees, and delicate Gardens a-
and deceitful is the Officer, and he that bout it, that the Houfies cannot be feen
employs him. There was form erly a till a Man is upon them. Having flay’d
Stone bridge, afterwards broke down by there two Hours, we travelFd 18 Miles '
the King o f Perfia. Having pafs’d the further in fix Honrs, and came to Tanris
A raxes, we rode 14 Miles further in 4 an Hour before Night. By the way I
Hours, and lay at the Caravanfera of faw a Hill on which they told me Amu-
Dcradas, which not being big enough rat’s A rm y incamp’d in the Year 16 38 ,
to hold all, we were forc’d to lye in the when he befieg’d, took and burnt this
open Air. C ity. T h ey tell it as a notable inftance
Thttrfday 10th, three hours before o f fedatenefs o f Scia Sw/iL^Kingof Per-
day, w e entred into a Valley betwixt two fia , that he little or nothing concern’d
Mountains, much frequented' by R ob- at that News, la id ; let Amurat come
bers, and being out o f it, travelFd over forward,for he will Deftroy him felf; and
a Barren Plain to the Caravanfera o f at the fame time gave orders, that all the
Alacht, the whole journey being 15 W aters about Ihould be turn’d away,
there

1>9 | , ,
ICtJ
/ mr* ' Gcw \
t v !"
~Chap.Ill, (yPE
rx^ v/a there being no other Rivers beyond
Gcmelli. Tauris. His Prediction proved true, for
16 9 4 - Amurat advancing with 100000 Fight-
t ^ V N iJ ing Men through dry and barren Plains,
loft a great part o f his A rm y, and whs
forced to turn back with Dilhonour.
fums T a m s, or Ecbaiane, is feated in the
City. Province o f Adirbeitzjtit, (as the Perfians
call it) in 33 Degrees o f Longitude,
^ and 40 o f Latitude. It was once the
lEpiuHtfl. Metropolis o f the Empire o f the M edes,
1. j. p. 6." whole Original was 876 Years before
the Birth o f Chrift. T here is nothing
but the bare fhadovv o f its antieat Splen-
dor now remaining, having been the
Stage on which the Turks and Perfians
exercis’d their Weapons during the
W ars between thofe two Monarchs.
W hat remains now is a great Plain, en-
compafs’d on three fides with Mountains
like Erzjtm m 3 and it refembles Ertvan
in the mutability o f the Weather. Its
compafs is thirty Italian Miles, by rea-
fon o f abundance o f Gardens and open
Places in it. The Houfes are ill Built
o f Mud 3 but the Bazars and Caravan-
[eras are good, becaufe the conveniency
o f its Situation draws a vaft Number o f
Merchants, as well M fo v ite s and T ar-
tars, as Arabs, Georgians, Mingrelians,
Indians, Turks, Perfians, and feveral o-
thers with all. forts o f Commodities 3
more, particularly with Silk brought
from the Province o f Guilan, and other
Places 3 4 b that a great Number o f Peo-
pie is employ’d in that W ork. T h o ’
its compafs be thirty Milesj and a Jefuit
compares it to Rome, in his Account o f
it, yet I do not believe it contains above
250000 Inhabitants, both becaufe o f the
Gardens and Fields, and by reafon the
Houfes are but thin o f People.
Scim-afm Sunday 1 2th, I went to fee the T o w er
Tower. 0f Scian-Cafan, which fbme without any
good Ground f o r k , will have to be that
o f Babel, mention’d in Holy W rit. It
is made o f Brick 230 o f my Paces in
compafs, its Diameter 40 Paces, and the
thicknels o f the W all 12 , but it is ruin’d
on two fides. A winding Stair-cafe o f
n o Steps goes up to a Room on the
top o f it, and on the out-fides o f the
Walls o f this Room there are Ciphers
and Charadters. At the bottom is a Place
with Iron Gates, where the Perfians fay
the Founder lies Bury’d.
N ext, I went to fee the Atmeidan.
T his is a great Square, to which moft
* o f the Merchants and Artificers relbrt,
becaufe there is a better Trade there
than elfewhere. T h e chief thing fold
there are good Horfes, and thofe Cheap,
<SL
/ 'i
R SIA" T77-
(for I bought one for ninety Abajfis,
which at Naples would be worth 300)
as alfo Shagreen-Skins, whereof there is
a great Confumption, ail Gentile People
wearing Shooes and Boots o f them,
They make them o f Horfes, Alles, and
Mules Hides, but only o f the Rump
part.
T he Mofib o f Hajj'an-Bafcia being in
this Place, I went to fee it. T h isS tru -
Sure was Erected by the Ofmanlls, with-
out fparing Coft or Tim e. A t the firft
coming in, there appears a Front curl*,
oufly wrought in Brick, with Reliefs o f
Marble carv’d after the Italian manner
in Flowers, Birds and Fruits o f feveral
forts. T h e Gate is all o f one entire
piece o f white Marble, like that o f Of-
mania, which leads into a Cloifter, or
fquare Court, and then to a treble Arch,
on the fides o f the Mofch, without any
Ornament. A t the end thereof there
are two fmall Gates to the M ofih, whofe
Front with two high Tow ers is o f the
fame fort o f W ork 3 but the tops o f the
Tow ers are gone to Ruin. T h e Mofch
is only one great Cupola o f tile fame
Marble curioufly wrought with Arabick
Characters in Blew and Gold, and in
fome places curioufly painted with fine
Flowers, in others with odd Fancies,
T h e Nich, whither few go to Pray, is
on the fide of the M eidm , or Square 3
therefore theGar.es are only on the. fides
anfwering to the two Cloifters, which
are uniformly Built one on each Hand,
T h e upper Gallery o f the Mofch, Is
from the Cupola fupported by twelve A r-
ches, three on every fide,*' whereof thofe
next the aforefaid Eaft and W eft Gates
are equal, the others greater, but thofe
on the North and South are kept fliut.
A t the upper part o f every Angle there
are as it were feparate Balconies, to fee
what is doing. On the fides o f the
Niche are two curious Marble-Stones as
clear as Alablafter 3 on the left is a Pul-
pit. with an Afcenc o f fifteen Steps 3 on
the Pavement poor Mats, becaufe the Per-
fa n s make fmall Account o f that Mofch,
and think it Polluted, as having lerv’d
Ofman‘,s Followers. Behind it at the
North-end is a large fquare Garden,
with Trees o f feveral forts,
Near this Mofch is another Structure,
with the fame outward Ornaments, now
going to Ruin. T hey call it the place
o f W aters, becaufe there the Perfians
Wafh their Dead. In the fame place is
a Church belonging to the Armenians,
almofl: fallen to D ecay, whither th ej
fay St. Helen fent a piece o f the Crois.
At
ft)!
‘TTg ” y4 Voyage round the W O R L D .
f V A / > A t the end o f the Meidan is a great Pa-
Gemelli. lace Built by the 7 V L , whilft they were
1 994- Mailers o f that Place. Every Evening
there is a pleafant Concert o f Drums and
Trumpets in a Gallery o f this Place.
About Noon, the Cham, or Gover-
nonr’s Lieutenant made his publick En-
try into the C ity, attended by 500 Horfe
he brought with him ; befides 150 0 that
went out to meet him. But before we
proceed it will be convenient to fay
fomething of the other Lieutenant his
Predeceilor, who D y’d a little before
in Tauris, becaufe he was always a great
Friend to the Chtiftians, andfpecialPro-
tedor o f the French Capucin Millioners,
whom in publick Aflemblies he placed
by his Side, to the great Regret o f the
Perftan Priefts.
A notable His Name was Sultan-Bigian Beg, Son
t o g * , to the G r o t
lerjum. iar great General o f the Perfian A rm y,
which drove the Ofmanlines or Turks out
o f the Country o f T auris: The Great
RufTan had a Grandfon ; and Sultan B i-
Qian who D y’d Cham o f Erivan was his
llncle. His Family had always kept in
the Kind’s Favour, being of the Blood
o f the Geoman Princes. But Bigian was
D i f Traced during the Command o f
mat-Dolet or the Grand Vizier his Eric-
m y, who made the King look upon him
as a Mad-man and Drunkard. T his Man
w e fpeak of, feeing Fortune frown on
him, after Governing Sciamaki, retir’d
to L ive a private Life at Tauris, with
1 t Servants placing his greatell D e-
g t f S f t k & f S S belt W ine in the
Country. His Nephew Ruftan Cham,
now General of the A rm y, and D ivan-
Beg, or chief o f all the Judges, being
then in the King’s Service, and well ad-
vanc’d in his Favour, he one Day bid
him ask Lome Grace. He modeftly an-
fw er’d he was fatisfy’ d with the Honour
and Bread he daily receiv’d ; but the
K in g ftill preffing him to ask fome
Grant, he faid, Since Tour Majefty Or-
ders it I bet nothing but that you reftore
my Family to the fame Honour it enjoy'd
J the time o f my Grand-father Ruftan.
The King ask’d whether he had any
Kinfman to Prefer. Ruftan reply’d ,
There was his Vncle Sultan Bigian B e g ;
and the King enquiring, where he L iv ’d,
he faid, E h e 2 the Bread His M ajefty's
Goodnefs had left him at Tauris. T h e
K ing faid, That M ad-m an, your Vncle
Sultan Beg. He is not M ad, faid Ruftan,
but our Enemies have reprefented him as
fuch to Four Majefty ; and i f you pleafe to
Itt him appear in your Prefince, you will
\1o
§L
Book 1.
fc / « # £ h , ° w ™“ cll yofjfiave beenf mV ? d
upon. Well faid the King, fin d fo r him.
S ir, reply d Ruftan, we have font for him
fivera l times, and he would never come,
nor will he now without your fpecialCom -
mand. 1 will do it, anlwer d the King,
and will fin d the Son o f a Cham to Con-
dull him. Sir, faid Ruftan, he is not m
* Condition to prefent an Envoy o f J o u r
M ajefty s, and therefore it will fuffice to
fin d him a written Order by an Exprejs.
In fhort, three Exprefles were fent with
the K ing’s Orders in March 1692. He
being a Drinking, when they came,
tofsd o ff a Glals to the King s Health,
laying His Majefty s Letter on his Head,
and from that time never drank W ine,
Being come to Ifpahan, he went to the
Ala-Capi, or Houfe o f Refuge to which
all Criminals retire ; as aifo thofe w o
0 bM ‘call'd Spa/*-are fine for by the K
know whether it is for their Good or
Evil. T h e King being inform’d by his
Nephew that he was come, and lay in
the Royal Houfe o f Sanduary, order d
him to be brought out, and a good A -
partment fitted for him, _becaufe he
would fee him. Bm an being brought
before him, two Days after he receiv d
him very Courteoully, faying to him in
token o f Affedion, Baba, that is Grand-
father, you are welcome ; and asking
whether he drank W ine, he anfwer d,
That tho’ he drank merrily duUng his A -
bode at Tauris, yet after receiving H is
M ajefty's Orders, and dunking one Glafs
to Ins Health, he had never tafted any more.
Then the K ing cauling W .ne to be
brought, made him Drink out o f his own
Gold Cup, and then Smoke out o f his
Gold P ip e; then he gave him the Poll
his Father the Great Ruftan held o f
Great General, but he Generoufly re-
fus’d it, pleading his Age, and befeech-
ing His Majefty, if he thought fipto be-
flow it on his Nephew Ruftan-, whole
Lieutenant at Tauris he was contented
to be, the Government o f Tauns being
ever united to the Generallhip, which
the K ing Grac.oufly granted, and with-
in a few Months he went away to his
Government. T is true, his Nephew
did not receive the i rohts belonging to
the Poft o f Cham o f Tauntr ; for the
Great General never goes thither, but
only receives a Sum o f Mony o f the
Lieutenant he appoints, who make their
Advantage o f the reft. This is the true
Hiftory of Sultan Beg, the great Friend
ot the French Capucin s ; and 1 hope the
Reader will not diflike this Ihort D igrcf-
fion made Oil lus Account. £)uring
-
 <SL
Chap. II. ~~ 0 /P E ~ K S 1 aT rff~
< \A > o During my Stay at Tauris, I Lodg’d whoever Ihouid Tranfgrefs would be Ba-
Gemelli. at the Capticins, who hate a good Church flonado’d. I faw there two indifferent
1594. and Monaftery there, through the Boun- Gardens with Alm ond, and Apricot-
i / Y N i ty o f Mirz.a-Ibra.him, who was Inten- T rees, whereof there is great plenty in
dant o f that Province, and a great Lover Tauris, and fcveral forts o f Rofes. In
o f the liberal Sciences, wherein he would one o f them was a finall Apartment, to
be inftrudfed together with his Sons, by take the Air in Summer: Having given
F. Gabriel Chinon, then Guardian. the Gardiner a Gratuity, I went on to
Sunday 13th, palling through the A t- take a better View o f the Mofch o f Of-
meidan, I Taw a Man gently beaten on mania, which is the belt in Tauris, and
the Soles o f his Feet with a Wand, be- the Perfians let it go to Ruin as Polluted
ing bound to a high Poll, at which they and Heretical; becaufe it was Built by
Ihoot with Arrow s upon publick Felti- the Sunnis, who are Followers o f Omar,
vals. Then 1 took notice o f certain as was Laid above. This Strudlure is ofmavlu
Religious Perfians. They wear a T ur- Iquare, and the Front o f it over the Mffibi
bant like the Turks, with a Border about great Gate, to which there is an Afcent
it, and the middle part lharp, and co- o f eight Steps, is curioully wrought, al-
ver’d with red Cldth. ' molt like Mofaick o f curious Blew, Pur-
After Dinner, I mounted a Horfe- pie, black and white Tiles, with two
back, and rode about the City. W e high Towers doling above like a T u r-
pafs’d over feVeral Bridges on the River bant, cover’d with the like W ork, but
Schienkaic, which runs through the midlt rais’d. Within there are winding Stairs,
o f Tauris, and has excellent W ater •, but that on the lefc was half beaten
but fometimes it fwells fo high, that it down by Lightning. The Mofch with-
over-flows a great part o f the City. I in is adorn’d with curious Painting, af-
obferv’d there were among the Houfes ter the Moorijh Fafhion, and with Ci-
feveral Corn-Fields, as well as Orchards, pliers, arid Arabick Letters in Blew, and
T here are alfo in them feveral Tom bs, Gold. T he Gate of the Mofch is not
fome round, and others in other lhapes, four Foot wide, but all o f one piece of
ending lharp at top, and cover’d on the Tranfparent white Stone, 24 Foot high,
out-fide with excellent black and blew and 12 in breadth. Here is a Mlftake in Note.
Tiles, full o f Characters, and Arabick the Author mentioning two feveral breadths
Letters. Returning to the Monaftery, which I know not how to reconcile, the Rea-
1 met a Man a Horfe-back, with a T u r- der may judge o f it. The Cupola is 34
bant after the Turkijh Falhion, a Fea- paces Diameter, with the Fame fort o f
ther on the Forehead, and on the lides W ork within, fcarce to be oat-done by
two upright Horns o f T in fix’d to the the curious Pencil. It is fupported by
Turbant, between which flood up a 1 2 Marble Pillars within, and by 16
thing fhap’d like a Cilinder, cover’d withouc, which are very high, and each
with red and blew Silk. They told me o f them fix Foot fquare, with Niches on
it was a Giarci (there are four o f them the out-fides to leave the Shooes, as is
in the City) which are Chiefs o f the Ser- Pradlis’d by tne Mahometans. About it
jeants, and ferve to proclaim the Price o f is a Rail with Doors to go from one fide
Bread, and the Sentences given by the to the other. There is a way round
Governour, and his Lieutenant. three parts o f it, for the fourth leads
Mony falling Ihort to continue my ‘‘o another lefs Cupola, but more Beau-
Journy, and pay for the Horfe I had tiful, and G ilt. The Pavement is o f
bought; aCatholick Armenian o f Znlfitt bright Marble, like that o f the Front,
whofe Name was Malachy, lent me 80 and the Pillars are cas’d with it eight
Crowns to be paid him at Ifpahan, upon Spans from the Ground. This Cupola
my bare W ord ; a Courtefy I Ihouid is curioully adorn’d about with a fort
fcarce have met with in Chriftendam. o f Violet colour W ork, fet o ff with
Scien-cvi Monday 14th, I went to fee the Royal Flowers o f Gold ; and the Pavement is
alace. palace call’d Scien-evi. I thought to two Spans lower than that o f the firft.
have found a noble Strudlure, but was T he out-fide o f rhe great Cupola is co-
difappointed, for the firft Floor was on- ver’d with green Tiles, with fmall white
ly three Rooms and a Gallery, which Flowers, and the other with white Stars
leads into the Garden. A Man mull on a black Ground, which are Pleafant
have a care here not to tread upon a to behold. Within the Mofch on the
certain round piece o f white M arble} left Hand, is a W alnut-Tree Seat rais’d
becaufe the Perfians holding it in great upon fix Steps leaning againft the W all
Veneration, as a Stone, o f Mortufale, o f the firft Cupola ; and on the right
another

t •
/ ■ ’

Iof
l(Dl - I . nilTHI
120 A Voyage round the W O R L D.
f X A y j’> another o f the fame fo rt, but better
Gemelli, Workmanfhip. About it is a fmall R ail,
t5p4. with 14 Steps up to it. On the South-
fide there are two great Tranfparent
Stoned, which look red when the Sun
Jhines on them. T his they fay is a fort
o f Alabafter, made by the petrifying o f
the W ater, a D ay’s Journy from Tau-
n';, where it foOn hardens in a Ditch,
It is much Efteem’d by that Nation, who
place it on their Tom bs, and make Cups
and other Curiofities o f it, which they
prefent as a Rarity at Ifpahan. A ll Peo-
pie unanimoufly affirm’d it was petrify’d
W ater ; denying that pofitively which
'"•* Tavernier fpeaks o f at the Carnvanfera
above mention’d.
On the other fide o f the Street, op-
polite to this Afofch, is Hill Handing the
Front o f the Palace o f the Great Pried,
or Schec-Iman, artificially Built o f feve-
ral colour’d Stones.
Heathen la my Return home, I went to fee
Temples, two Heathen Tem ples, call’d Vria-Schi-
ageret, that is , Mailer and Scholar,
T h e y are both o f them at a diftance
from the Street. That on the left, com-
ing into the C ity , is the le a d , and
Square, with two great Gates, and 30
W indows about it. T he Cupola which
had been Round, was fallen. T b e T e m -
pie on the right is o f the fame Stru&ure,
but much bigger. Between the great
G ate and the Atmeidan, there arc two
v ail Pillati Handing, which appear to
‘ have fupported another Tem ple near
the other two. The Fronts are o f the
fame Workmanfhip before mention’d ;
but the Structure, tho’ very thick, is o f
good Brick, and fo antient, that it can-
not laft long.
T w o Musket-/hot further is the curi-
ous large Front o f a Mofcb o f the fame
WorkmanQup, going to Ruin. Going
in (leaping over the Marble o f M ono-
fa lef) there appears a fine large Garden
full o f feveral forts o f T rees and Flow -
e r s ; at the end whereof there are fome
great Fabricks, which they fay belong’d
to an old Pagan Tem ple, call’d Alufcian-
T a d n , which had two Gates on the fides,
and one in the Front. There is alfo a
great Square enclos’d with good Brick
W alls, which ferves upon publick R e-
joycings.
Taking the Advice o f the Capstans,
who courteoufiy entertain’d me as their
Gueft, I left the Company o f Perfians,
to prevent being robb’d by them on. the
Road, or ac leaft by the Rattars; who
beeaufe they are not paid by the Maho-
meians, among ocher Infolencies delight
r
Book L
in ltripping a Frank, Thefe Fellows
are fo Infatiable, that no Purfe can hold
out to fatisfy them, as has been faid be-
ford ; tho’ in Ta/tris, beeaufe it was a
C ity, they took but five Abajfts o f me.
For this Realon I refolv’d for the more
fafety to expeft fome Company o f Mer-
chants, who do not ufe to T ra v e l mi­
provided.
Tuefday 15th , a Jefstit, a Bare-foot
Carmelite, and an Astguftinian fet out
for Erx.erum> after they had been feve-
ral Days in the fame Monaftery o f the
Capucins. They rode on Horfes o f their
own bought at T am s, there being none
to Hire, but when Caravans go. Thefe
Fathers had gone before by the way o f
Bagdat ; and when they came to K ar-
m anka, a City on the Frontiers, four
D ays Journy from Babylon, the Cham,
or Bajfa would not fuffer them to pro-
ceed * fo that they were ob lig’d to
turn back to Hamirdan, by the way o f
Taaris, in order to go thence to Aleppo,
or Trabezxmd, and thence to Conjlanrim-
pie ; but in their Return they were robb’d
by the Rattars both of their Cloaths and
Mony, efpecially the Pmstgstefe Augu-
ftinian, vvho loft eighty Crowns, and
was imprifon’d with his Servan t; nor
did the other tw o trench Fathers meet
with better Ullage.
W e mull not forget to oblerve, that SiltMiaes.
about Taaris there are good Mines o f
white S a lt; that within the C ity there
are excellent frefh W aters, to which
there is fometimes an Afcent o f fifty,
or fixty S tep s; and that there is a Mint
as well as at Erevan, where during my
ftay, they Coin’d Abajfu.
T h e Capstans Monaftery being near
the M eidan, every Evening at Sun-let-
ting, I heard the ungrateful Mufick o f
Drums and Trumpets, being the Signal
fo r all Perfons to Ihut up Shop, and for
the Guards to fcour about die Bazars.
A t the lame time the Mullahs cry out
from the tops o f Houfes, not from the
T o w ers like the Turks, calling the Peo-
pie to Prayers. About aa Hour and a
half after N ight, an untuneable Drum
beat, being the Sign for all Perlons to
keep within D o o rs; after which none
may go without a Light upon pain o f
Imprisonment. T w o Hours before Day
the lame Drum beat again, to give No-
tice to Shop-Keepers, that the Guard,
or Watch was going off, after having
walk’d about the Bazars all N ight, and
therefore every Man mull look to his
own.
Wednefday
\~ i>
III
Chap. II. Of P E R S I A .
— —- 1 ............ ............................
rvA /i Wedmfday i<yth, E George ot Vm*
Gemelli. dofme, a French-Man, and Superior o f
16 9 4. the MonaHery, carry’d me in the Morn-
ing to fee the Bazar Built at a vaft E x -
A great p ence by M irca-Sadoc, whilft he was
Bazar* G reat, and Intendant o f the Province o f
Abdtrgiam , aji cover’d with large Bricks,
* or T iles fiardned in the Sun. N ear it
we law a Caravanfera, a Bath, and Cof-
fee-Houfe, Built by the lame Man, with
a prodigious T rench fifty Foot deep,
lixty in length, an,d forty in breadth,
to keep Ice, taken out o f a Pool, where
the W ater foon Freezes. Clofe by it is
a College to Inftrudl the P erfan Youth,
with a Mofch in it.
N e x t we went to fee the Mofch, Co-
ravanfera, Coffee-Houfe, and Ice-Houfe
made by M u z a - Ibrahim , Brother to
M irza-Sadoc, who had the Charge o f
M nfiofi Mumalek, or High Chancellor,
T h e re is a great Gate to the Mofch,
whole Front and Cupola are curioufly
adorn’d with T ile s o f feveral Colours
ingenioufly plac’d. Firlt there is a fine,
but fmall Garden, on the one fide where-
o f is a little, but neat Mofch , with cwo
little Tow ers on the lides, handlomly
cover’d with the fame T iles. Oppofite
to it is a D ivan with fuch like T ow ers,
and a great Fountain of W ater before
it to make the D w elling the pleafanter,
all adorn’d after the lame manner with
Stones. A t a fmall diftance is another
little M of-h, fet o ff after the lame man-
ner.
M hii- Thence w e went to the Palace o f
To.tri Pa- M irza-T aer, Son to M irza-Ibrahim , then
hce> jVizier o f Ahderhegiam (the bell: o f four
there are in Perf a ) in his Father’s Place,
who was employ’d in receiving the R e -
venues o f two Provinces. T h e outward
Structure was o f Mud, made but a bafe
Appearance ■, but going in I faw a fine
Garden with feveral W ater-w orks, and
beautify’d with T rees and Flowers,
Thence I went in to fee the Summer
Apartments. T h e A ram , or Womens
Apartm ent, and a Hately D ivan , tho’
hot finifli’d, to AdminiHer Ju ftic e ; all
adorn’d with Marble, and w ell enough
painted after the Country falhion. On
the tw o fides there were four curious
Marble Stones fix’d in the W all, being
almoH as fine as AlabaHer, with a great
Fountain in the middle. Here I much
admir’d the Simiiietry and Proportion
the Perfians obferve in their Apartm ents,
as well in the W indows and Balconies,
as in the R oofs and Paintings. On the
other fide o f the Garden was the W in-
ter Apartment then finifh’d , with a lit-
V ol. IV. ' Q
1
.. §L
/-
,i 21
, 1 ..... ............ — ,_i ('
tie D ivan, hut curioufly painted,, aad
gilt with federal Flowers ia Blew and
G old after the Arabian manner. W e
alfo faw another little but curious G ar-
den, and another D ivan well fet out,
adjoyning to which there were very de-
licate little Room s, all G ilt and Painted,
with fome Looking-Glades fix’d on the
W all, oppofite to one another, as alio
• a Chimney adorn’d with the fame G lafs,
which with the Reflexion o f the Sun
dazled the Eyes. The Floor was cover’d
with good Terfu n Carpets, and in the
Rooms there were Alabafter Fountains
to pleafe the E y e ; the whole well e-
nough contriv’d by the Ingenious Ptrfi-
am , according to the aforefaid M irza*
T err’s good Fancy. He has alio B u ilt a
good Caravanfera in the Meidan, which
is therefore call’d M rza -T a er, and ano-
ther where Mony was a&ually Coin’d ;
both o f them large and good Strudtures.
He has alfo an admirable Garden on
that fide o f the Q'ty next Ifpahan, h
which there are all forts o f Emoyean
Fruit, and by it two Pleafure-Houfes.
Near this Palace are thofe Built by M ir -
za-Sadoc, and M irza-Ibrahim , his Father
and Uncle, which are truly Magnificent
both as to their Structure, and inward
Ornament.
Returning by the Mint, I went in to
lee a large Cupola clofe by it, which
the Perfa n s call Eyjfara, in which were
the riche If, and mofl valuable Commo­
dities o f the C ity. N ear it is the G old-
fm iths, and Silverfmitbs Street, with
Hate Iy Arches o f curious Brick, but cp-
ver’d like all the Streets and Bazars in
the Ea/t.
Thttrfday 17 t h , palling through the Superftiti-
Place where the Gallows Hands, I took on of Bar~
notice o f a Superfiition, or Folly o f the ren Wo'
Barren Perfa n Women , who go three men‘
o r four times under the G alJow s, whilft
the Bodies o f Melafa&ors who were adtu-
ally; Hanging * which I ftiould fcarce have
believ'd, had I not leen it. They ima*
gine the dead Body can infule Fruitful-
nefs into the W onib, and make them
breed Children j and fo they Conceit,
and hold it fo r Certain, That palling
feveral times over the Aquedud, which
conveys the W ater from the Bath, where
Men are aftually Bathing, they receive
the fame V irtue o f Conceiving. I be-
lieve the Bath may make then. Fruitful,
but not the Gallows with the dead B o ­
dies.
InHead o f Razors, the Men pull up
their Beard, and the Women their D own
with Pincers, which puts the Men to
great
|l) f <SL
1: .v&f /

122 A Voyage round the W O R L D Book I.

rv*A-*0 great Pain, drawing out the Root that W ater there, nor is it poflible to carry
Gemelli. ic may not grow again, for they fear any thither. Asking what that Bridge
1694. that if they Ihould take it o ff with an was Built for, they told me that a M ul-
Ointment, as the Turkifh Women do, lah defiring to be fpoken o f by the Kin
the Skin would grow hard. _ had Built it -? knowing that Scia-Abas
Gold and Three Miles from Tauris is a Gold the Firft, King o f Perfia, was to come
Copper Mine, but the Colt being greater than to Tauris, and could not come any other
Mines. the Profit} they have given over WOrk- w ay. T he King accordingly coming
ing at it. Four Days Journy from the and enquiring after that ufelefs Stru-
fame City is another o f Copper, which dture, the Mullah, who was at hand an-
brings a great Income into the K in g’s fw er’d. Sir, it was I that Built it, that
Coffers. when Your Majefty came you might en-
W hillt I expefted the fetting out o f quire who did it. Others fay it was
one Ju s-B a fc i, a Georgian Renegado, Built by a Woman,
who was to go to the Court o f Ifpahan; Going two Miles from thence, and
to avoid Idlenefs, I rode to take the A ir looking towards the North, on a Moun-
out o f the C ity, in the Company o f a tain not far diftant from the City I
French-Man, who was acquainted with faw the Ruins o f a Mofch, and below it
the Country, and well known by Per- a Fort and Tem ple both deftroy’d and
fons o f Quality. When we had gone abandon’d by the Ferfians, as being
two Miles, we faw upon the right Hand Built by the Turks; but there is a Mo­
on a Mountain a Bridge fifty Paces long nailery entire on the Brink o f the Pre-
with ftately Arches, o f no ufe to the cipice.
Fublick, becaufe there never was any

CHAP. III.
The Deferiff ion o f the Cities on the Road to Kom .

R Eturning to the Monaftery in the
Evening, I was inform’d that the
'Jus-Bafci, who is a Captain o f 10 0 Men
o f the Country Troops was upon his
Departure j therefore making the beft
Provillon 1 could in hafte, I fet out at
two in the Morning on Friday the 18th,
with Malachy the Armenian. W e went
to the Jus-Bafcds Houfe, and Hay’d half
an Hour till he was ready, after which
he mounted with only twelve Followers,
m oll o f them unarm’d * and this be-
caufe, tho’ the King pays for 100 Men,
either he has them not, or elfe Lifts
Townf-m en, who have never handled
W eapons, and makes his Advantage o f
their Pay. W e T ravell’d all Night over
the Plain between barren Mountains,
and at break o f Day after riding twenty
Miles in feven Hours, came to the Ca-
ravanfera o f Sciemli, Built betwixt thofe
Mountains by Scia-Sofi, King o f Perfia.
It is a good Structure, wich a noble
Front fit to contain 10 0 Perfons, and
their Horfes ; becaufe the Country be-
tween 7 W L and Ifpahan, and Ormus
and IJpahan IS Inhabited, and there is
5™ , „ S °°d Hrge Caravanferas.
Here the Battars are, who take an A bajfi
tor every Horfe 5 but I paid it not on
\
the Score o f the Ju s-B a fci, who was
much refpe&ed on that Road. Having
firft climb’d, and then gou down a pro­
digious Mountain, we pals’d by a Lake
full o f wild Geefe. Thence there are
two Roads to Ifpahan the one through
A rd evil and Cafbin, leaving the Lake on
the right, and riding along the Moun-
tain s} and the other through Kom and
Kafcian, leaving the Lake on the left,
T h is w ay we took, riding ten Miles
through a well cultivated Country to
the Village o f A fia -A o a , to which we
came before Noon. There we found a
good Caravanfera; but Malachy and 1
Lodg’d in a Turk's Houfe. T he Night
at this time o f the Year is very Cold in
Perfia, and the D ay as hot as in Italy.
W e lay ftill the remaining part o f Sa-
turday 19th And,
Sunday 20th, waiting for the Cool o f
the Night to fet out, my Horfe getting
loofe, took fuch a Run, that I thought
I Ihould never have feen him again : but
a Moor mounting another follow ’d, and
brought him back. A t Sun-fct we con-
tinu’d our Journy over the Plain, and
there fell a mighty Rain, which lafted
feveral Hours, making it fo D ark, that
we could not fee our w a y ; fo that we
wander’d

pf eo. / . . . • • «.
 ChapTlII. O/ P E R S I A,
P s^ A /i wander’d half the Night. T h is oblig’d
GtmelU. us to take a Guide at a Village, who
1694. Conducted us to the Caravanfera o f Gni-
L /-Y ' ,0 Inch, having rode fifteen Miles in iix
Hours. My Horfe falling in the Dark
into a Ditch, broke one o f ray Piilols,
and I was well walh’d.
Monday 2 1ft, we relied about an Hour
in this Caravanfera; and then fet out
to enjoy the cool Air-, not that our
Lodging was bad, the Caravanfera ha-
1 viug been Built with great Colt by a
• / p th Citizen of the Province o f Gmlan,
whofe Name it bears. Veil Mile - from
Curtivm- it we pafs’d by the Caravanjera o f D mu-
l e s in lev, guilt with Stone, whereas the others
Perfie. arc o f Brick. In rerfia there are good
Caravanferas every tour Leagues. Eight
Miles further we came before Noon to
the Village of Carasciman, feated in a
Valley. The Country we T ra velld
through that Night was Plain, but the
next Day Mo.mtamous, yet well Ctilti-
vated, there being no part o f it w aif;
and I can avouch there is no Plain fo
Green on the Frontiers o f f.trfta or
Turky at that time o f the Year ,■ This
istheK eafon that Provisions are Vo Plen-
tiful, that a Man ma - have Bread enough
to ferve him a i My for a Tornefe o f N a -
fles, which j» left than a Penny. But
the Giound is ftiff, and they are forc’d '
to Flow with four or lix Oxen ; a Child
fitting on the Yoke o f the foremoft to
keep them going.
T h e Jus- Bafci would needs have me
dine with him, exptcfliug much kind-
nefs,a thing rare among the Pet-pans,who
make a Scruple o f eating with ChriiVi-
e k n tm *B*» and think theiir touching o f Meat,
his Life, pollutes i t ; but he being a Georg,an Re-
negado was not fo pretife. During the
Dinner he told me ail his Life, faying,
he was the Sonofa Prince o f Georgia, and
had butJ lately recover’d his Liberty,
after two Years Imprifomnem at T am s,
whei e be had Chains on his Hand, Neck
and Feet, having been mifreprefeuted
to the King by his Eueinies, and being
now reltor’d to favour, he was going to
fee the King, and a Brother he had that
was Surveyer o f the Mint, whom he
had not feen for 14 Years pall. Others
told me he had been Imprifbn’d on ac-
count o f his Extortious in fome Villages
o f Armenians, where he had the Com-
mand, who at lafi: fent their complaints
to Court. W e difeours’d about the op-
portunity the K ing o f Perfia then had,
o f making W ar upon the Turk, and how
eafy it were for him to Conquer what
he pleas’d. H efaid, he and every body
Vol. IV.
7IJ"
elfe defied it, but that the King being
wholly taken up with the Pleafures of
the A am, let flip fo favourable an op-
portunity.
The Sun being almoft down, and the
heat o f his Kays abated, we let forwards
and travelling 21 Miles in 7 Hours thro’
an uneven Country, but cultivated and
well Peopl’d, we came to the Village
o f Jus-Bafci-Candi, leaving behind us
' the open T ow n of Turcoman, feated in,
the midlt o f a Valley. T he fa s-B a fti
continu’d his Perflan civility at Dinner,
making ufe o f bis Hand inicead o f a
Spoon, and taking up the Rice by hand­
fuls to put into mine, and, M a U ch fi
P la te ; a Swinifh civility in Europe, but
a great compliment in slfia. There the
Rice R brought in one Dilh, and the
Flefh in another, which are diftributed
by the chief o f the Guelfs. When Din-
ner was over, the Jus-Bafci flood a good
while with his Hands up in the A ir,
waiting for warm W ater to wafii offth e
Greafe.
Some o f the Inhabitants came to fee
me in this Village,theReport being fpread Eafinefsof
abroad, : hat I was an Ambaflklor fent ^ P e rfi-
to the King, by the Chrilfian Princes, m ‘
and would not make known my Cha-
rafter, till I came to IfpaBah. T h ey
were the more eafily induc’d to believe
it by tneir own Praftice, becaufe they
receive any Perfon as an Ambaflador,
that brings but a Letter o f recommen-
dation to theKing from any Ft race in f to*
/y ; and therefore he that comesinthisNa-
ture,is receiv'd with the great Honour by
firft Cham, upon the Frontiers,who at the
K in g’s expence Conducts him to another
Governor’s L iberty, till he is brought
to the King at Ifpahan. Several Mer-
chants procure Rich Letters, to {pare
th ed iarg eo f Cuftoms, and the Guards,
on the Roads, as alfo to be carry’d all
the way at the King’s expence. Here
we were warn’d to be upon our Guard
for fear o f T h ie v e s; becaufe the In ha-
bitants o f the Village o f M iana being
run away, not being able to pay the
T axes, and having no other way to
live, many o f ’em wandred about to Rob
Travellers. T his did not much fright
me, knowing they were molt o f them
unarm’d.
W e relied here all the remaining part
o f the day ia a Perfa n " % Houle, and fet
out towards Night. An hour after a
good IhoreofRain fell, which made it lo
dark that we were forced to take a Lan-
thorn and a Guide. After 3 Hours rid-
ing the Jus-Bafci would reft near A
” Q .2 R iver
 N §l
xjS* ■ G°^x
//> —xV \
m
/ .________________________________________________ .
jV^ A Voyage round the W O R L D.
^ R iv e , W e fet forward again two
g £ £ Hours before day, and travelling over
1694-Barren Mountains and Valleys about
Sun-riling, after riding i 5 Miles in 5
Hours, found our felves in the afore-
faid Village o f M im a, a dirty place,
a s being feated among Marfhes. T here
was no Soul in i f , for as I faid, they
were all fled, leaving their Houfes and
Goods There were only two R attan,
who durft not come near us. W e faw
an exccttentCaravanfera new built,and an-
other gone to Ruin. The Country was
not bad,and w ill certainly be peopled a-
ajn_
S Four Miles from the Village we crofs’d
the great R iver o f M iara, where there
was once a Bridge o f thirty Arches,
A high whereof only fix are now Handing. W e
Mountain. forded al] the four Branches it is
divided into, the laft o f which is fo
deep that in W inter there is no paf-
fins it a Horfe-back, but on Camels.
Then we afcended a Mountain call’d
Kaplantu, the bigheft in the Road to If-
paban, which on the other fide has a
long upright defcent to the R iv e r, over
which there is an excellent Bridge o f
three *Arches, newly built, call’d Cafi-
Man T h is River as well as that be-
fore* mention’d, after crofting the Pro-
vince o f Gbilan, where they are both
o f them drawn out into feveral T ren -
ches to water the Corn, run down to
the Cafpian Sea. The Villages about
this Mountain pay nothing to the K in g,
becaufe they belong to the Mofch o f A r -
devil, where there are fome Tombs o f
K in gs o f Perf a , and that o f Scia-Sofi
accounted a Saint, for which reafon all
the Perfians go thither in Pilgrimages.
T h at Mofcb has 80000 Crowns R e -
venue, diftributed among the Poor, and
the Priefts belonging to it. N ot far
from the aforefaid Bridge is a Rock a-
part from the reft, where there appear
fome remains o f ancient Fortification*
and o f a Caftle on the T o p . T h e Ja f-
Bafci told me a Woman had built that
Fort Ine whilft file liv’d being poflefs’d
o f the City and Places about the Moun-
tains, which could never be taken from
iler becaufe o f the narrow PafTes on the
Hills Having travell’d 33 Miles in 1 1
Hours through a barren C ou n try, a-
bounding only in Liquorice and T hieves,
we halted tVfore Noon at the Caravan-
(era o f Sin-M alay a, feated on a Moun-
tain, with feven well built T o w ers,
which at a diftance make it look like a
Caftle. T here were abundance o f Par-
tridges dli about, but as hard as Stones,
0 m ix’d like Marble.
IU a
Book 1.
and o f another Colour and T aft than
burs; there are fome like ours, but on
the Mountains. . . . .
t is not fo fafe T ravelling in P erfa
as I had thought } for a Man may light D
upon Robbers, or Ctapars, which are the 0nthe
King’s Meflengers, who carry Letters Road in
from one Province to another, by O r- * « * *
der o f the Governors or Princes. Thefe
have Authority tb take away any Man’s
Horfe they meet on the Road, which
they ufually fend back a day or two alter,
and they but a Stranger to very great
1 ^juble. . ... r
T h e Rattan having Intelligence fent
them by the Odabafci, or Overfeer of the
Caravanfera came in the Evening, but,
feeing the Jas-Bafci, durft not demand
the D u ty} but asking him leave to
praftife their cheating Power upon
me and Malachy, he chid and fent them
away. .
Wednefday 23d, about Night we con-
tinu’d our Journey, and about two Hours
after began the ufual Rain with Thun-
der and Lightning. T w o Hours before
day we pafs'd by the Caravanfera o f Sar-
cefrha, well built o f Brick, with four
T ow ers at the four Angles. So we
T ra vell’d 15 Miles in five Hours and a
half through a barren Country and un-
fit for Plowing. Having refted an Hour
and a half we advanc d 25 Miles further
in 7 Hours and a half, and came at laft
in the Morning, to the Village o f N ab-
ba, where we unloaded the Beafts in
the Caravanfera call d M chbe. T o a- f n m f r
void Co often repeating the fame thing, rcrib><L
I muft obferve once for all, that the
Caravanfera s tit Perf a , are all built with
Brick, after the fame Model, and are
L arge and M agnificent} but fo uniform
and well proportion d that they are
not inferior to the beft Structures in £ « -
m e. About the Court are the Rooms
for Travellers, who i f they will not put
their Horfesinto the large Stables, which
are behind, may tye them before their
Rooms to a Stone with a hole in it, plac d
there fo r that purpofe. In the Stables
over the Mangers, there are Niches for
the Muletiers or Grooms to he, who na­
rurally love being there better than e fe-
where. T his Caravanjera of Ntchbe has
four T ow ers at the Angles, and an ex-
celient Front, where on a long piece o f
fine Marble, the Founders Name and
Quality is writ in Arabic k Characters ;
for thefe Caravanferas are commonly
built by Rich Perfons for the Benefit of
their Souls. T he lower part o f the
Structure is o f white and red Stone,
Ha-
C1I
' CbjniT : O f P E R S L A ....
rvA **0 Having relied the remaining part of
Cemelli. Tharfatty 24th, we fet out before Mid-
1694- night by the Light of a Lanthorn, which
r 5 not fo clear but that we went out
of our way twice, which we afterwards
found out by the natural Brightnefs of
the ferene Air. Having Travell’d 24
Miles in eight Hours through an uneven
Country, we came to Zangan, a large
. Town, but Dirty, whofe Houfes were
ill Built with Mud, and in no Order,
But there are excellent Gardens with
variety of Fruit and Flowers, as alfo
Trees for Fuel, planted by the Induftry
of the Natives (a Rarity in that part
of the Country, where there is not a
Tree to be feen all about to fhelter a
Man) and with that Wood they give
the Fire fome nobler Matter to feed on,
it being generally made of the Dung of
their Beafts. What I molt admir’d, is,
That tho’ there wasfueh fcarcity of
Trees, yet the Gentry and Country
People all carry’d Clubs in their Hands,
which they call Afcu.
We thought to have gone on that
fame Day to Sidtania, but confidering
the Horfes had the Day before Travell’d
forty Miles and better, and to fare Ex-
poling out felvcs to the Sun, we alter’d
oor Minds, and ftay’d in a Goffee-Houfe,
where we relied all Friday 25th, enjoy-
ing the frelh Air all the while by the
noife o f a cold large Spring which riles
in the rnidll of it, preferring our Stay
here before the good Caravanfera at Z in -
gan. The Rattan came to the Coffee-
Houle, but durft not demand any thing,
After Supper wc mounted, ten Turks,
and two of the Kings Soldiers joyning
us. We Travelled without a Lanthorn
through a plaift dry Country, the Sky
being Bright, and pairing by the little
Caravanfera of D ifa , at the end o f nine
Miles, at break of Day on Saturday 2<Sth,
after Travelling fifteen Miles further we
came to Stdtania.
Suimitt This City was formerly feveral times
City. the Court of the Kings of Perf a ; and
the great Structures laid Level with the
Ground, make it appear that it would
Hill be one of the bed Cities in the
Kingdom, had it not been dellroy'd by
its own Kings* and not by Tdnmhffk
There Hill remain the Ruins of three
M ofchs, whofe Cupola’s and Towers
were cover’d with Tiles of feveral Co-
lours. One of them has the two front
Towers Hill Handing, but without the
tops by reafon of their extraordinary
height.
S-' g|j|
<SL
7 aJ.
Sultania. is featfed in a Valley, whofo
greateft breadth from Eaft to Weft is
not above 3 Leagues. Its Compafs is
of man)- Miles , becaufe of the abun-
dance of Fields, Gardens, and ruin’d
Houfes there are in it. Some few poor
Houfes Hill Handing are ill contriv’d ;
the Bafar is only one long Street, and
the Caravanfera but very indifferent.
The Air is not wholfome by reafon o f
the neigbouring Marfhes. It is govern’d
by a Cham, to whom the adjacent Parts
arealfbfubjeft. W e fhould not have ta- *
ken the way of Sultana , but another two
Miles from it on the left, where is the
ufual Caravanfera for the Caravan of Ifpa-
ban. We came this way becaufe the
fu s-B a fd had fbme Bufinefs. The Rat-
tars came to us to play their part, and
went firft to MAacky, who to avoid pay-
ingfeign’d himfelf a Georgian, and inqui-
ring after me, told them I was a Frank
that went to Jffahan to ferve the King.
Hearing this and feeing us with the Ju s-
Bafci, a Perfon in Authority, they took
our Words. The fame Man fav’d me a
Toman, which is worth nineteen Crowns
of N ote's which wasthefum a Servant
of the Kings Meffenger demanded to pay
all the T a ta rs their due.
That fame Day we fet out two Flours
after Night, having firft fitted the fu s­
BafiPs Servants Piftols, for fear of Rob-
bers. We travell’d all Nighr. through a
plain Country well cultivated, without
meeting any fufpicious Perfon ; but had
there been occaiiou we mull have built a
fmall Fort to plant a Falconet, one of the
Kings Soukticrs that was with us carry d
inflead of a Musket. For- my part I
could fcarce lift it from the Ground,
nor can I imagin how he could fire it.
After three Leagues riding we pals’d by
the Caravanfera of A llah-b'm r, and then
by that of Talife, and having travell’d
twenty eight Miles atradft Mountains in
ten Hours, came oh Sunday 27th, to H a-
bar. We iliould have pafs’d through
the Village of Xorandera, bat took this
way for our conveniency.
We found out this antient City, as m ht, C b
it were in a Labyrinth of large and cu- ty.
rious Gardens, enclofs’d with Mod-
Walls and high Poplar-Trees. In the
Gardens there are good Apples, Pears,
Cherries, Plumbs, Grapes 2nd other
forts; as alfo the fineft Roles in the
World, fo that as the time of the Year
then was, a Man could not defire a
plcalanter Place to pais his time, than
smidft the cool and fragrant Solitudes
of
 1 §L
I i ~j ~26 A Voyage round the VV O R L O. Book 1.
r v " - o f this City W e lay in a fmallCara- Karafanch. Here we enjoy’d the cool
Gcmelli. vanfera of a Muddy Strufture, as is the A ir under tall Maple T rees there are a-
16 n - falhion of that Country, with very cool long the fide o f a brook. N o Village
Arch’d fmall Rooms. Near to it was a in Perf>a is without one, which is the
laree Mofch much decay’d, particularly caufe o f the continual greennefs o f the
the Cloifter in which was a Filh Pond Fields, and o f the plenty o f pleafant
with eood cool Water. Fruit Trees in their many delightful
As for the Citv, tho’ ruin’d, it is o f Gardens. Thence we went to Dine in
a vaft Compafs, ' becaufe o f the G ar- certain Houfes built on purpofe for the
dens which make all about them look Entertainment o f Travellers,
more like a W ood then a City. In the Afternoon came the Country
W e mounted again two Hours after Rattan, and entnng my Room very much
Nighc in the Company o f ten of the admir’d my Buckskin-Breeches for riding.
Townfmen known to the Jus-Bafci. Some o f them faid they were D utch-doth,
Having rode eighteen Miles in five Hours others that they were Leather. Malacby
over barren Plains, we pafs’d by the V il- being ask’d the Queftion, to play upon
lage of Parfein, encompafs’d with good them, faid, 1 was a W reftler, becaufe
Gardens, and furnifh’d with a conveni- the W reftlers i n w e a r f u c h . They
enc Caravanfera. Here we met a Great anfwer’d, 1 was too lean for that fport,
Man with a Retinue o f fifty Men a but Malachy knowing that their W reft-
Horfe-back, and a Ciapar that conduit- lers exercife themfelves dayly in lifting
ecj hjm, and carrying great weights, anfwer’d, I
All the Country about this Place be- was grown iean with too much exercife.
ing Fruitful, is well Peopled, but from T h e Fellows faid they would be glad to
thence forward Barren and Untill’d. fee it, and fome o f them would W reftle
W e met here a Caravan o f a tboufand with me. Come in die Morning, laid
Horles going from A r devil to Fauns. M aiat by, and you will fee him do fuch
Holding on our way Rill over a plain things as will aftonifh yo u ; but as for
Country •, after riding twenty fix Miles in W reftling he will not be guilty o f Mur-
fix Hours, we fet up before Noon in the dering any o f you, for he would certain-
fmall Caravanfera, feated in the Village throw you fo that you would never
o f Xeare ; the other great one without rife. But he will go to Jfpaban and do all
being gone to Ruin. Here we wilh d the King Ihall order him. Thus we di-
for the cool Waters of Zangan, Sultania, verted the tedious Hours o f the D ay
and Habar, this Place affording none but playing upon their Ignorance, and paffing
what was very Bad and Brackilh. T h is the ume till the Jus-BafcPs Servants had
Village was once for the moll: part upon drefs’d a Lamb for Supper. A t laft the
the H ill, but many Houfes going to Rattan taking Malachy for a Georgian,
Ruin, as being Built with Mud, feveral and me for the K ing’s W reftler, went a-
Families are come down to live in the way without any Mony -, for near Ifpahan
Plain. The Soil produces good Wine they are not fo infolenc, and dare not a-
and Fruit. bufe a Frank ■, efpecially «f they believe
Munday 28th at Sun fet, we conti- he is going to ferve the King,
nu’d our Journey by M oon-light, and Mounting again in the Evening on
riding eighteen Miles in fix Hours Fuefday 29th we proceeded on oiir Jour-
through a barren uncultivated Country, ney, and riding near 20 Miles in 6 Hours
came to Senava where we refted till came to the Caravanfera o f Rehegiup.
Day. This Village is on the Plain, and T his Caravanfera is Large and well Built,
has good Houfes, and Gardens, and a with a lofty Arch at the Entrance, and
Caravanfera. It is famous for good Nuts, four Towers on the Angles, tho’ feated
Fuefday 29th, continuing our Journey in a defert Plain, without any Village
we faw a fort o f wild Cattle feeding on near it. Then travelling 12 Miles fur-
the Plain, which are very good Meat, ther in 4 Hours, we refted at fuch ano-
call’d by the Perfans, Geiran, or G ar- ther Caravanfera call d Kofchkeria. Then
cellis, which we have not in Italy. T heir going on as many Miles more on Wednef-
Hair is like a Buck, and they run like day 30th, we came to the Caravanfera
Dogs without leaping; at Night they and Village o f Dongh, where the two a-
feed on the Plains in Flocks, and in the forementiond Roads to Ifpahan meet.
Morning return to the Mountains. Hav- Three Miles from this is another good
ing travell’d twelve Miles further in Caravanfera , for thofe that come from
- four Hours, we put into the Village o f A rdevil and Casbin. That o f Dongh is
Angular
%

p Q >
 /
®
Chap. HI. 0/ P E R S f X
lingular for ftru& n rej for whereas all the
Gemelli. reft have Rooms about the Court with
16 9 4 . Arches before them to fleep in Summer,
and Places behind fo r the Horfes, this
on the contrary is only a continued Row
o f open Arches, the Founder being re-
folv’d thatTravellers Ihould lie cool there
all Weathers. T h e Structure is o f good
Brick, and all the Front is a large In- .
feription, containing as I was told, the
Founder’s Name, and peculiar Virtues,
A t a fmall diftance is a good Fountain
o f cool W ater.
Cheap Before we proceed any further it is
Travel- proper to obferve, that it is very cheap
ling in t ravelling through all the Dominions o f
Ferp*‘ Perfia. For in the firft place, whether
a Man buys or hires a Horfe the rate is
very ealle, and Provifions are fold for a
fmall matter, by reafon the Perjians are
fparing and Tem perate *, living a whole
D ay upon a little Cheefe, or four M ilk,
in which they dip the Country Bread,
which is as thin as a W a fe r , infipid,
and o f the colour o f a Pumice Stone. A t
Noon and Night they add to it a little
R ice, or Pilao, fometimes boyl’d in fair
W ater. I was not able to hold out with
that fare, and fometimes made Provifion
o f Eggs and Lamb in the Villages we
pafs’d through •, treating the Ju s-B afci,
as I did my fe lf alfo with good W ine and
Brandy. Only W ood is dear there, and
therefore inftead o f it they make ufe o f
Dung. About Dongh I took notice o f
the Folly o f the Natives, who tho’ they
have excellent G rap es, do not know
how to preferve the W ine, but put the
Muft under Ground into Cifterfis daub’d
with Lime.
Mcffen- T h at very Morning w e met an E x -
gers. prefs a-foot coming from Jffahan, He
had fix Horfe-Bells hanging about his
G ird le, juft like the Mules o f our Mef-
fengers. T h is they do both to be known,
and to cheat them to walk. Thofe that
ferve Princes may have to the number
o f 1 w elve, and others according to their
Quality.
The J hs- 1 o return to our Ju s-B afci, his Be-
Bijri. haviour was rather like a Courtier than
Courteous for it he Eat or D rank, he
faid it was for my fake ; and I would
have been glad he had been more fpar-
ing o f his Favours.^ He alfo reprefent-
ed it as a great piece o f Refpect and
C ivility that he did not buy a Horfe,
knowing I was about him. _ ufuaL, over and above this to give all
1 hat fame Wednefday about Evening
wc fet forward , without fearing the
change o f W eather and Rain, as we
u d at lim n s . Having rode twelve
fl
§L;
Miles in four Hours (I meafured the
w ay after this manner, beeaufe the P er-
pan differ from the Turk/ft Leagues, and
are not always alike) we pafs’d by a Ca-
ravanfera; and ten Miles further gone
in four Hours, came to the C ity Sava,,
where we lodg’d in a Caravattfera made
o f Mud.
T h e C ity Sava is feated in a fruitful Sava C itj.
Plain, with abundance o f Villages about
i t ; and looks handfom tho’ many o f
the Houfes are o f Mud. T h e W alls
which are four Miles in Compafs, are
fallen down in feveral P laces, only
walh’d away by the Rains which has
been the Fate o f the Fort Handing on the
T o p o f a Hill. There would be good
Mofchs w ere they not ruin’d with A ge.
T h e principal T rade o f this C ity con-
fifts in certain fmall long Furrs, which
not only the Perjians, but all the C hri-
ftia n so f the Eaft ufe for lining their
Garments and Caps,
Leaving the C ity Sava on Tburfday
the i l l o f Ju ly y five Miles from it, we
faw on a high Ground another ruin’d
Fort, in which was a good Ciftern, be-
caufe all about there, tho’ they have
good Brooks, they ufe R ain-w ater, and
feven M iles beyond that we crofs’d a
R iv er. W e found the Country well cul-
tivated, and abundance o f Villages for
above three Leagues} and after twenty
Miles riding came to the Caravanjera o f
G ia tia r-A b ad ; the largeft and belt in
Per/ia, w ere not a great part o f it fallen
down, and out o f ufe. Therefore they
haveBuilt two others near a good Spring,
where almoft all T ravellers Lodge, and
we Hay’d after fix Hours riding.
T h e Ju s-B a fci, whofe Name was M e-
lich-Sader-Beg, had invited me and M a -
lachy to a Village o f his an Hours riding
from Sava ■ and we not to Difpleafe
him, had promis’d to go Dine there
one Day. Being to go that fame D ay,
w e underftood he was gone to the Bath,
and therefore we thought fit to proceed
on our Journy, charging his Servants to
make our Excufe for us j and the more
becaufe perhaps he would have ftay’d
long in his Village to gather Mony,
whereof he ftood in need. T his Village Pay of a
was given him by the K in g for his L ife, Jus-Bafci.
befides fifty Tomans a Year, the common
Pay o f the Jus-Bafci''s, which amounts
to 950 Crowns o f our Mony, it being
thofe that have deferv'd well, and are
in Favour, a Village, which is worth to
them 10 0 0 , or 2000 Crowns a Year,
T h is the K in g particularly pradtifes
with
|I)| <SL
‘ Go*Spx
A fy — < V \ *

128 A Voyage round the/ W~Q R L D. Book 1,

{ \ A / » with the Gear/tans, to remove them far W alls aslioufes have heel) in great mea-
Gemelli. from their Country, that they may not lure beaten down by the Rains. N ei-
1694-. think o f Revolting. But before he gives ther are the Squares beautiful, nor the
them any Employment, he caufes them Bsmars and Shops rich, there being fo rc e
to be Circumcis’d either by fair means any thing but Proviiions. But there are
o r by. foul ^ knowing that tho’ they be leveral M ofihs that might be call'd Beau-
not themfelves, yet their Children w ill tiful, w ere they not let run to Ruin
be abioiute Mahometans. T h e fame M if- the Natives not regarding to repair ok!
fortune had hapned to our Jus-Bafci,once Buildings out o f the Vanity o f Eretting
Cham o f the Province o f Gori in Char- new ones j and they told me that anv
g ia 7 who blinded with Intereft renounc’d Man who was well to Pafs would think
Chriftianity ; which his Mother and Si- himfelf Miierable, Ihould he D ie with­
e r s would not do, tho’ carry’d for that out Founding fome Mofch. T h e Cara-
purpofe to Jjfahan. Y et Difcourfing to- vanferas are convenient, and fome o f
gether feveral times he told me, he was them have a Floor up Stairs. The fruit-
not well pleas’d with the King ^ and fulnefs o f the Soil plentifully a p p lie s
that i f he did not make good to him the C ity with Grain, and all forts o f
2 0 0 0 0 9 Crowns he had been a lofer by Fruit. Here is good T urly Leather o f
his Imprifonment, he would certainly all Colours m ade, for the Pavuces or
go to Rome, and become a Catholick j Shooes.
where getting Letters o f Recoramen- That fame D ay, taking a Guide along A
dation from the Pope, he would go in- with me, I went to fee a M o fc h held by much Ho-
to H u n g a ry to ferve the Emperor againft the* P e rfia n s , in equal Efteem with that wour’d,
the T u r k s , he well knowing what to do o f A r d e v il , becaufe in it are the Tom bs
on the Black Sea, and the Country a- o f S u n S o f t , and S c ia -A b a s the Second,
bout it, and that his Nephew was alrea- (Gags o f P e r f a } as alfo that o f S t d i-
d y gone away to V e n ic e with 10000 F a tim a , the Daughter o f Im a n -H o e e n ,
Crowns. Six G e o rg ia n Servants he had who was the Daughter o f M a li, and o f
were no better M a h o m eta n s then he, F a tim a Z u h r a ,■ the Daughter o f M a h o -
having fuffer'd themfelves to beCircnm- m et. T h e great Gate o f it opens to a
cis’d only to follow their Mailer's F o r- long Square (with Shops on both Tides,
tune, never regarding to Pray after the and a C a r a v a n fe r a next the R iver) over
M a h o m e ta n falhion, and Curling that which is an Infcription in Gold Letters
falfe Prophet. containing the Praifes o f S c ia -A b a s the
Night drawing on, w e fet forward Second. T h is leads into a longilh Court,
through a barren Country like that w e looking more like a Garden, becaufe o f
had travers’d before, and riding nine the many Pine Trees there are along
Miles in three Hours faw the Mountain the way, and this way is alfo enclos’d
o f G ia v a r - A b a d , o f which they fay I d e r - with tw o low W alls, to fecure the R o-
c a it -m a s , that is, He that goes to it re- fes, and other Flowers in the middle,
turns not ^ it being an old receiv’d Opi- On the right Hand, coming into this
nion among the P e rfia n s , that many who Court, there are fmall Rooms, where
have attempted to go up it never came the Poor Eat their Allowance of R ice,
back •, nor have they any probable R ea- Flelh and Bread daily given them for the
fon to give fo r it. N o Man therefore Alms o f the M o fc h , according fo* the In-
dares go up for fear o f D eath ; but I tendon o f the Founder. There are o -
who am not Credulous o f fuch Stories, ther Room s for Debtors who are not
would certainly have gone had it not able to Pay, to retire to, who are alfo
been N ight. Being but nine Miles from maintain’d by the M o fc h •, to the great
the City K o m , we held on our way thi- Lofs o f the Creditors, who can expett:
ther, but the Moon fetting, we flopp’d no honeft Compolltion from thofe that
at a fmall diftance from the C ity, ex- Li ve free C o ll, without any Care. T h e
petting D ay to go into it. According-' firft Court leads to the fecond, which
ly on Friday the id o f J u ly in the Morn- is bigger and longifh, like the other,
ing, we found our felves in a fruitful with T re e s about it, and Lodgings fo r
Plain about tw o Miles in compafs, and the inferior Servants o f the M o fc h , A t
then eroding a fmall R iv e r on a Bridge the end o f this is a Gate into a third
o f ten Arches newly Built, went to reft Square C o u rt, about which are the
us all that D ay in a C a r a v a n fe r a . Dwellings o f the M u lla h s or Priefts, and
City. Kotn is feated in 83 Degrees o f Lon- in the middle a curious Fountain o f
gitude, and 35 of Latitude, and is about Spring-W ater. Afcending twelve Steps
ten Miles in Compafs, but as well the -made o f Brick, at the foot o f a curi­
ous

' I yo- . ; . >

© <SL
Chap IV. Of P E R S 1A.
^ o C ^ T o u s Front adorn’d with feveral Colours,
Gemtlli. is the Entrance into the fourth Court,
1 6 9 1 ' in which there are alfo fome Lodgings,
i ^ V V i and the Tem ple or M ofcb, which is
Beautiful to behold on the out-iide.
O f three Gates that appear in Front,
that in the middle leads to the Mojch ;
that on the Right to the afore-mention’d
Tom bs • and that on the Left to a Hall,
where the Alms are given out to the
Poor • with this difference, that the
Threshold o f the middlemoft is cover’d
with Silver Plates. Being come to this
Place, the Mullahs, who were within
Reading in certain great Books, as foon
as they faw me, Rood up, and made
Swns to me to come in, and one o f them
very civilly led me all about; contrary
to what Tavermer fays, T hat ChrilHans
are not permitted to go into thofe Pla-
ces. I found the Mofcb was an Octo-
gon, with eight little D o o rs; in the
midit was the T om b o f S id i - Fatima,
Grand- Daughter to Mahomet, made fo
Difproportionably big to che fmallnefs.
o f the M ofcb, that there was fcarce
r o o m enough to pafs between it and the
room enoug 1 all garuif t ’d with G old and B lew , and
- im > T h is Tom b is Square, cover’d with
Tomb. a rich Pall o f Silk and G old, and round
Silver Bars about it, fixteen Spans long,
placed like Lattices, with Nobs o f the
fame M etal, where they Crofs one ano-
ther • and many Silver and G old Lamps
hanging about. From the Pavement o f
the M ofcb, up to the top o f the C o-
lumns, that fupport the Cupola, there
^
is curious W orkmanfhip in the T ile s, o f
feveral C o lo u rs; and the Cupola and
Arches are fet o ff with A rabic* Fancies
drawn in G old , and Azure. On the
right Hand coming in is a large Room
cover’d with good Carpets (a s is the
Mofcb) where the Alm s arc given to the
Poor, who Hand in the room adjoyning,
to avoid Confufion.
' Going up three Steps flill on the right sda-sofa
o f che Mofcb, and palling through two Tomb.
D oors, 1 came into a Rarely Hall cover’d
with Carpets, and thence through ano-
ther D oor to the Tom b o f Scia-Sofi.
1c is like an Altar four Spans above the
Ground, and cover’d with Cloth o f Gold.
T h e Room is Arch'd with four D oors
on the lides, one o f which is Ihut, and
anfwers to the Tom b o f Si'di-Fatima ;
another leads to a little C loilter, and
the fourth to the Tom b of Seta-Abas That of
the Second. T h is Tom b is cover’d with Sda-Abts.
a red S ilk ; the Place is round, with
fmall Niches in the W all fo.r Ornament,
and good Carpets on the Ground (as in
the other) and about it great Books for
the Mullahs to Read. T he W alls are
T ile s o f feveral Colours handfomly
plac’d after the Fafhion o f the Country,
Returning thence I faw another good
M ofcb near this.
T h e Rattars o f Kom are not lo Rude
as in other Parts, for they took nothing
o f me. In this City there is a Mint, but
they did not Coin when I was there,

CHAP. IV .
The Author continues his Journeji to Ifpahan.

E departed the C ity with the found a D o g dying for T h irft, occafion’d
W found o f D rum s and T rum pets by a hot W ind that Blows there, and
that w ere heard from the M tidan, or almofl: takes away ones Breath.
M arket, or Square, that fame D ay be- W e fet out again towards Evening
ine the 2d of Ju ly, about Sun-fetting to that fame D ay, and at five Miles diftance
continue our Journey. A fter riding pafs’d by the little Village o f Stnfm,a n d
tw elve Miles in four Hours, w e came eight further by that o f N ajfar A bad,
to the large Village o f K affum -A bad, quite deftroy’d ; but /hewing the Ruins
and reft in one o f the five Caravanfera'% o f good Buildings, where we refted a
there are in that Place. while in the open A ir , till Sunday 4th,
Saturday id , we fet out with the D ay at break o f D ay : W hen departing
on a Sandy W ay, an d very Barren, which thence, we came tw o Hours before
lafted fix Hours, and fifteen Miles to the N ight to the C ity Cafcum, after riding
Caravanfera o f Abfcirim , that is, frefh twenty Miles in eight Hours. T h e Soil
W ater ; becaufe there is a Ciftern for for only three Miles about the C ity was
the ufe o f all the Caravanfera’s, there fit for T illag e. . ,, ,
being never a drop o f W ater fo r five T h e C ity Cafe,an is Govern d by a cafrn
Leagues a b o u t; fo that by the w ay we Cham, like Kom, and is but little or City.
V o L IV . R uothu^

)bi
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_ ..., „„„, __ % ....... ...............
130 A Voyage round the W O R L D.
nothing Iefs in Compafs. Its Length is
Gemclli. three Miles, and the Buildings not fo
1994. much Ruin’d as in the other. T he Baz.-
v / Y M ar’s are Light, and well contriv’d, in
comparifon o f the others, which are
every where D ark, and ill Order’d,
T w o o f them particularly deferve to be
feen, where among other Trades are the
Braziers, who make all Neceflaries o f
Brafs and Copper. The Streets are al-
fo very good, and fo the Caravanfera’s,
which are large, and well Built with
two Apartments. W e faw a ftately one
on the right Hand, without the Gate
we went in at, with two great Courts,
in one o f which was a Cittern o f W a-
ter, whither the Merchants in Summer
carry their Beds to lie Cool. Both a-
bove and below, all about the Doors o f
the Rooms.there is curious Workman-
fhip o f Bricks o f feveral Colours. Thofe
Caravanferd’s within the C ity, are not
Built for the good of the Souls o f the
Departed, but for private Interett, eve-
ry Body paying four Abaffis a Month,
or four Casbis a Night. T h e principal
T rade of this City is W rought-Silks,
on which account an infinite Number o f
Merchants refort to ic from India, and
other parts o f Afta. Malachy fhew’d
me three Ells and a half o f Taffeta tw o
Spans and a quarter w id e , which he
bought for two A b a fs, which is about
eight Carlines o f Naples, about three
Shillings fix Pence Englifh.
King’s- I went to foe the K in g’s Houfo and
Houfe and Gardens near the Road w e came. A
Gardens. j j rook runs through, and divides one o f
thefe Gardens y and along it there are
orderly Rows o f Pines, and other T rees
o f feveral Sorts, whofe Variety is plea-
ling to the Eye. About the Garden
there are alfo two Ranks o f Cyprefs and
Fine-Trees, making a delightful Shade
with their never fading Green. T h e
other Garden nearer the C ity has alfo
abundance o f W a te r, and the T rees
planted in the lame O rder, by which
it appears how much the per fans ex-
ceed the Turks in Ingenuity. T h e King’s
Houfe ( which like all the reft is a San-
ftuary for M alefadors) has an indiffe- •
rent Front o f T iles of feveral Colours,
according to the Falhion o f the Coun-
try, and good Lodgings within. Before
this Houfe was a Troop o f Horfe, cu-
rious to behold, for the variety o f Fa-
fhions the Soldiers wore on their Heads y
for fome had Turbants, others plain
C aps, others Plumes o f ftveral fo rts,
and others had a perfedt Cylinder in the
middle o f the fame Cloth o f the Cap.
§l
■
... ..... - .—
. - , - ---- :___ , _____ _____ ;
Book V
Drawing near to obferve the Chara&ers,
that were over the Gate, one o f thole
Soldiers being angry that I had not
made Obeifance to ic, according to their
Cultom, made me do it cm my Knees,
with my Forehead on the Stone o f the
Threlhold, as to a R oyal and Sacred
Place.
T o return to the C ity, tho’ it has a
double W a ll about i t , yet that is fo
Ruin’d, that there is no need to go a-
bout to the Gates. T h e belt o f them
was that we Enter’d at, which is Hand-
fonre without, and has a Paflage through
high Arches to Bazars, fome o f which
have particular Doors to fhut at Night,
when the noify Signal is made with
Fifes and Kettle-Drums from the M ei-
dm .
T hat fame Sunday we proceeded on
our Journey, and going out o f Cafcian,
I perceiv’d the Soil was nothing better,
than what we had Traveled over from
Kom thither. Among o fte r Mifchiefs,
there blew fucb a hot W ind, that it
oblig’d me now and then to lay a wet
Hankercbief upon my bare Skin. A fter
riding twelve Miles in four Hours, we
came into Valleys, and then afeending,
retted fome time in the Caravanfera o f
Giaur-Abad, well enough Built in thofe
folitary Mountains. Six Miles thence A
we came to the Pools made by Scia-Abas ptfaxing
the Second, K ing o f Ferffa, the better of Water.
to fupply Cafcian with W ater in Sum-
mer, in eafo rhe Rivulet that runs thro’
it Jhould not liiffice, and yet it is not
very fmall. They fay he had them made,
becaufe finding once the C ity deferted
by the Inhabitants for want o f W ater,
he promis’d to remedy that Evil, and
foon after caus’d a W all above 100 Pa-
ces in length, 30 in thicknefs, and 50 in
height, to be Built between two Moun-
tains, to keep in the Rain-W ater in
W inter j and afterwards dittribute it as
need requir’d , through feven Sluices
there are in it. They (hew a Houfe
clofeby, whither they lay the King went
to forward the W ork.
Monday 5th, riding fix Miles by break
o f D ay, we retted a while at the V il-
lage o f Cone, foated amidft the Moun-
tains, which have not a Foot o f fruitful
Land. But the Valley in the midft o f
them makes amends, with the plenty
and goodnefs o f all forts o f Fruit grow -
ing in its Gardens ( which are wall’d in
with Stone) caus’d by the plenty o f
W ater, tho’ they do not ripen fo foon.
T h e Nuts are Excellent, and there is
fuch Plenty o f them, that they fupply
feveral
 --- \

f(1)1 (nt
■; ' Go^«X- •

Chap. V. Of V E R S I X
fy v -^ l fcveral Places. Other Provisoes are the C ity, the Country is fruitful, prodal
Gemelh. Dear. T here are tw o Caravanfera s, the cing all forts o f Grain and F r u it, for
1694. one a good Stone Building, the other o f which realbn it is very full o f Villages
■ and Houfes o f Pleafure. Setting out af-
T h e Moon riling, we mounted again, ter Noon we travell’d nine Miles, and
leaving behind us the barren Mountains four Hours after entred the City which
at the Caravanfera o f Agaka-m ala, which at a diftance look’d more like a W ood
is well Built. T h e Country, tbo’ Plain, than any thing elfe; this 7th D ay o f J h-
was as Barren as the Mountains, and ly being juft a 7 ear fince I fet out from
therefore tho’ near Ifpahan, there is no ' Redicina.
Village to be feen for thirty Miles. I was a long time con/Idering w ith my
lu efd ay 6th, we fet up betimes in the felf, where I Ihould Lodge, having my
little Caravanfera o f Agakamola, a good choice o f the Carmelites, the je/kits, and
Structure, which is twelve Miles from French Capncins- and at Jait refolv’d to
the great one o f that Name, and nine take up with the Portupues Fathers o f
from Cone; but the Miles are fo long 5 . A tg tfiin 's, as well to learn their Lan-
they might be counted thirty o f bad way. guage, which is much us’d in India and
A Road the darkelt of the Night we met China as becaufe theirs being the fid l
of Salt, a Company o f Armenian Merchants, Nation that fetled in thofe Parts they
T ravellin g to the Province o f Ghilan, are much elleem’d by the King. T h ey
and Malachy told me that there is no receiv’d me with extraordinary Civility
going thither from Cafcian, without giving me the belt Apartment they had
riding twelve Hours along a Road o f in tw o arch’d Dormitories that compofs
pure Salt, on which it is very hard to their Dwelling. Thefe Arches are cu-
find fome litrle W ater in Cilterns. rioufly Painted with Blew and G ilt after
Being eager to fee Ifpahan, we fet the Country Falhion, and look into a
out betimes the next D ay, and riding fine Garden Artificially divided into
fifteen Miles in five Hours faw the ruin’d Squares for feveral forts o f Fruits and
Village o f Micanor -, then advancing Flowers.
twelve Miles in four Hours we pafs’d by T h e Church tho’ fmall is Beautiful, as
the poor Caravanfera o f A vam iri; and are the Sacrifty and Ilefedory, the Stru-
ftill continuing our Journey with Horfes dure being very good. T he Fathers
much tir’d by the dry barren Ground, liv ’d w ell enough, having the belt Meat
on Wednefday 7th, about break o f D ay the Place afforded, drefs’d by a Ponm m s
we relied at the little Village o f C a ff, C o o k ; and being ferv’d in other Affairs
where there is a very large Caravanfera, by tw elve Men, three Blacks, two A -
built by the King. From this Place to mbs, three Armenians, and four Indians

CHAP. v.
The Deferip ton o f Ifp a h a n , And the ntoft remarkable things in it.

Jfpuhm T Spahan, Spahan,_ or Spahon in the Per-
City. JL flan Tongue, is leated in 90 degrees
of Longitude, and 3 2 and 40 minutes
o f Latitude, in the Province o f H ierac,
form erly a part o f the antienc Kingdom
of the Parthians. Its a large and fertile
Plain, is enclos’d on three fides, like an
Amphitheater, by a ridge o f Mountains,
ten or tw elve Miles diftant from it. It
is believ’d to be Built on the Ruins o f
the antient Hecatompolis •, but it plainly
appears to have proceeded from the U -
nion o f two fmall Villages, the one call’d
Sup. du H ay-den-dey-derti, the other Guybare-
Grand diet Barnet-Hay ■, for which reafon to this
verb, hit- R 3^ t^ere are thefe tw o contending Fa-
han. dions o f H ay-deri, and Hamet-Ilay, and
V o l. IV .
their Difputes lometimes end in Blows.
Y et the Perfians fay it was form erly
call’d Sipahan, but that Tamerlan after- Tavern,
wards fubduing thofe Countries, tranf-Tom-5 >.
poling the two firlt Letters, call’d it If- 4'pl 434’
pahan. T h eir modern Authors flill write
it Ijfahan fometimes. W hillt the Kings
o f Perfia kept their Court at Casbin, and
Sultania, Ifpahan was no better than a
Village 5 but the Kingdoms o f L a r and
Ormus being afterwards united to the
Crown, Scia-Abas remov’d his Seat thf-
ther for the conveniency o f its Situation,
being invited by the fruitfulnefs o f
the Soil, water’d by fo many Trenches
drawn from the River Sanderu, and fup-
plying moft o f the Houfes in the City.
R I The

/
f(S )| - . % L
.vs^y '

i p ____ A Voyage round the W O R L D. Book X

C s J^ S l The compafs of the Mud-Walls o f If- themfelves wherefoever they have occa-
Cem elli, pahan is in all about twelve Miles, with lion. So that 1 cannoc imagine what
1694. fmall Towers, and a Ditch full o f Wa> reafon one o f our Italian W riters had
(v-'-v'vJ ter, but (hallow, near which there are to compare Ifpaban to the neat and beau-
of theCi tows of Trees to take the coot A ir. I tiful City o f Palermo, whereas the for­
ty. was curious to walk round it, but in fe- mer is fo far from having any Street
veral Places the W ay was interrupted by like the Cajfaro iri the latter, that the
Garden Walls, joyning to thofe o f the meaneft Houle in Palermo far exceeds
C ity , or by feme publick Structures. the bell in Ifpaban, which, excepting
Neverthelefs if we include Zulfa and the fome few belonging to the K in g and
other Suburbs, with all the Fields and great L o rd s, are all o f Mud W alls
Gardens within them, the Compafs w ill with only fome Bricks dry’d in the Sun
be little left than thirty Miles. intermixt at every four Spans. The
On the South-lide at fix Miles diftance higher they r ife , the narrower they
is another Mountain, on which may be g r o w , clfe they could not bear their
feen the Ruins o f a Gallic, where they own w eig h t} and becaufe thefe W alls
fay Darius flood to fee the fecond Battle eafily moulder away, they only ftop the
Alexander fought with the Perfan s. gap w ith a little Morter, and they are
Ifpaban has i o Gates, call’d Der Tocxi, terrafs’d at the T op . T h o ’ the Stru-
Gates. D er-D ext, D er-Abaft, Der-Lomburj, D er- dure is fo bad, yet is colls much M ony:
D aulet, D er-M od-bac, D er-A Jfan-N a- every Dauber that makes the W alls be-
bat, Der-Herrum , Der-Seet-Hamedeym, ing allow ’d eight Carlines, that is, three
and Der-Guibare which are fm all, ill Shillings and fix Pence 5 and the Labou-
made, and cover’d with Iron. T he rers about three Carlines near eigh-*
Keys are kept by particular Officers; teen Pence. 04
but the Walls being down in feveral T h e general form o f the Houfes, is Houfts.
i laces, there is free entrance by Night to have a Portico in the middle with a
on all hdes. Fountain ,, or Giffern o f W ater. On
Streets. J he Streets are narrow, crooked, three of the ltdes there are W indows
and uneven, and many o f them dark by at the T o p to receive fufficient Light,
reafon of the Arches that cover the B a- underneath fmall Arches to take the
tars, and ferve to walk dry in rainy cool A ir , and rows o f Rooms with Lat-
. W eather from one Houle to another, tices curioufly painted at the Windows,
D id not the wholefomnefs o f the A ir Further in there is generally a great
make amends for the negligence o f the Room , where there are Quilts and Pil-
People, the Dirt o f the Streets would lows flu ff’d with Cotton to deep on.
breed many Diltertipers. A t certain rile around b all rovet’d with «ood ‘
dtllances there are Sinks fhut in Sum- Carpets Ratable to the Quality o f the
mer and open in W inter, to give paf- Owner. T he Palaces o f great Men fd -
fage to the W ater into the Shores un- dom exceed two Floors, and on the four
der Ground; belides there is a Trench iides o f the Portico have two arch'd
before every Houfe to throw out their Rooms to each, all adorn’d with A rabs.
Filth, which the Gardiners take away an Painting of feveral Colours. In lome
to manure the Ground. Another great Rooms built for the Women, there are
inconveniency is the D u ll in Summer commonly Lattices o f Wood well Pain-
and D irt in W inter, there being no ted, or o f Marble cut through with Glafs
pav d Streets throughout all Perfia $ and in the holes. The Roof, as I faid before
tho' there be Perfons appointed to wa- is after the Neapolitan Falhion, and in
ter them three times a D a y , yet they Summer they lie upon it becaufe o f the
only do it in the M eidan, and other great H e a t.” It is made of Earth m ix’d
Places where rich Merchants live, who with Lim e and bruis’d Straw, and with
are able to pay them. T he fame is done Bricks burnt with F ire , and they are
■ with the cold W ater others carry in very careful in W inter not to let the
Skins, within Sacks full of Ice, to give Snow lie long upon it, for fear o f pref-
gratis to any that will have it, they be- ling it down.
ing pay’d out o f the Revenues left for T h e T e r f ms put their heft Furniture r„ •*
that charitable Purpofe, by Perfa n s de- in thofe Rooms, where they receive V i- F
Cea! ? j ,• , „ fits> in all the reft there is nothing o f
Add to tins the filthy Cullom o f value. T h e Floor being cover’d with
calting out dead Bealls into the publick Carpets, they lie on it, being fatisfv’d
l*n fo tJ e uBl00td of C-ofe the with 3 Qiliic un{kr and Blanket over
Batchers kill, and that the Perfans eale them.
IJpahan

.. , ;
CP ‘SL
~Chap. V. ~0f PERSIA. ~ ~~T~
r y V jO / / p ^ « is fo populous both on account bijhop~of Abraner, aa Armenian o f the
of the wholfomnefs o f the A ir , and the fame Order. Here twenty four o f us
, ^onve/11^ cy o f T rade, that they call it D in’d, among whom was the Pope’s £m -
r C Q C halt ^ i V o rlJ »a“ d not without reafon, baflador, Monffgnor Pidic, confecrated
nefs. as w e^ ^or the diverlity o f Tongues Archbifhop of BabUon, who was to de-
fpoke there , as for the prodigious part for his relidence at Hamedan : F
W ealth of its Bazars, and Shops o f all Elias a Carmelite, ArchbiOlop file d o f
fo m o f Commodities. Ifpaban, another Sr<V<*« Catholick A rch-
Mmtr- T h e Father Prior o f the Monaflery bilhop, the Embaflador o f Poland, the
XjkTow- where I refided, underftandmg that my F. R e& or o f the Jefairs and other reli-
er‘ Horfe was quite fpent, on Tuefday 8th, gious and lay Men. T here was merrv
order d the beft in the Stable to be fad- drinking the excellent W ines of Sciras
ed for me to make ufe of. Mounting and Iff aha,n, during the Dinner o f moft
him I went out attended by his Servants exquilite Varieties i the Pope’s and the
to take a turn in the C ity. T h e firft Pohjh EmbalTadors, and the Arch bilhop
thing I faw was the T o w er the Perfa n s of Iff ahan doing me the Honour to
call M onar-Kale, built by Scia-A bas the drink my Health firft. N ot to trouble
G reat, covering it all with the Bones o f the G n efts, it was left to the laft to
w ild Beafts he kill’d in only one D ays drink the Pope’s Health Handing as all
hunting. _ T h ey fay that the W orkman did, every Man holding a great Nofegav
telling him there wanted but one Head in his Hand, which went about,
to compleat the W ork, he caus’d his to Both going and coming , we pafs’d seMuch
be let in the Place. It is about eighty through noble Bazars, and through the Street or
Spans high, and not above forty in Com- Street o f Sciarbach, fo call'd becaufe Way>
Pa*L\ r „ both fides o f it are Ihut in by four G ar-
rsutrh I henrc7e P vcnt fee the Dutch Com- dens o f the Kings, and in the Per fun
Compa- P f ie,S Houf^ . where 1 Jam es Tongue Seiar is four, and Bach a C ar­
ries Norghcamer their Agent (hooting T u rtle- den or Orchard. It begins at a deli-
Houfe. D oves in the Garden, which was delici- cate Pleafure-houfe with Galleries cu-
ous fo r its Fountains and curious rows o f rioufly painted, which have a Commu-
T re e s. ^ A fte r we had drank m errily, nicacionwith the Royal Palace, and this
he lhew’d me a dozen Horfes and Mares, w ay the K in g comes out when he goes
the fineft any Monarch in the W orld can to Z ulfa to divert himfelf, or to other
be M ailer of, as well for M ettle, as for Gardens. It runs a Mile in length to
the curious Spots o f feveral C olours, the Bridge, and is a Musket-lhot in
not inferior to the fineft Figure, nor breadth. T h e W ater runs along the
could a Painter colour them to more middle o f it in an handfome Canal o f
Perfection. Thence he led me to fee Stone, making four great Pools in this
his little Houle or Sport, w here he had length. On the fides there are two or-
ten Hawks fit fo r all forts o f Birds, and derly rows of Cwar T rees w-hich are
Beafts, with Servants to look to them ; like the Plane, within the W alls and
a cuftom they have learnt from the P er- two without, under which there are two
fa n s , w hofegreateft delight this is. He pav’d Paths, each o f them four Foot
had feveral Pipes o f Gold and Silver fet wide and as high above the reft o f the
w ith jew els for thofe to fmoke in that w ay, fo r People to walk in the fhade
came to bear him company, by his Fifh- free from the Horfes. Hither the Per-
pond. In fliort, he liv d great in all fians come in Throngs to divert them-
Refpeets. fclves; fmoaking, or eating Fruic at fe-
Fryday pth, the F. Prior o f the bare- veral Shops, neatly built along it. Short
foot Carmelites, the F. Provincial o f the o f the Bridge this way is cut by a Branch
Dominicans and other Franks, gave me o f the R iv e r o f Sanderic, which runs
the favour o f a Vifit, the Provincial in- parallel to another, made after the fame
voting me to a Confecration that was to manner. T o go to Z u lfa , the Bridge
be two D ays after. over the fame River Sanderic or Rutcu-
Saturday lo th , I rode feveral Hours ria , mult be pafs’d. it conlifts o f 3 5
about the beft Streets and Bazars, feeing Arches in length, and as many acrofs ;
vaft wealthy Shops o f all forts o f Com- in the Intervals whereof the N atives
moditieSi Sunday 1 1 th, I w e a tt o Z u l- ftand and Smoke, and take the A ir.
fa with the F. P rio r and three Portugues Above there are two W alls id Spans
religious M en} and alighted at the Mo- high, and as long as the Bridge, leav-
n a ite ry o f the Dominicans, where the ing a convenient fpace in the middle,
Ceremony was perform ’d b y the Arch- and as much towards the W alls as fe-
verai
■ Gc%X
HI ■ §L
134 ~ A Voyage round the VV O R- L D.
---------- — 7 ~~~~ I ~ ~ h ^ a 0- all alone
v " ral F,erl0! i ml l l ° anT N i c h e r a !
Gemelh. adornd with A - ■-
dUBevond?his Bridge is the other Street
or W ay like this, above two Miles long,
Street or m ieen d on the left is a Pleafure-
Wayi houfe c a r d Teckci-Sas, built by King
c°- e f f f n r a P a rvis his Favourite,
F^frv Paces further there are tw o more,
ihouph^ot fo lam e, yet equally lieaa^
£5 Then tw o V h e r fine S tru ftu m
Ralconies above, to have the view
o f a curious Fifh-Pond in the middle o f
k Here the G round riling, to hold on
rtc i way, S i are two Street, to
aicend between which is a Strudure,
to keen the Ground even. On both
fides a/co n ven ien t diftances there are
little Houfes o f Pleafure, with curious
Fronts through which there is a paflage
» reteral T t h e K in g’, G a r d e , a -
fW n ’d wirh Trees o f all forts.
A fter enjoying fuch a curious Profped
- upon fo Long and Noble a W ay, we
" X. ratne to the K in g’s great Garden call’d
’ great Gar- sU a r reriL three Miles in length, and
den. one i r f breadth. T he firit that occurs
is a itately Front with, double rows o f
Balconies next the W a y , and excellent-
ly painted next the Garden, like the
H oufe, with Figures after the European
maimer in Gold and Blew. A t the
four Angles are four fine T o w ers, as
w e ll for O rnam ent, as to ferve for
D ovecotes In the middle is a Canal
o f W ater which rebounds pkafantly
J ;t runs over the well wrought Stones *
and in other Places the Ground being
S S SSTV™. *
uneven has delightful Falls, which like
the O -
T rees growing along it. Further on op-
o o t o f o A e G a t e , i , a great Pool o f
W a te r with two Galleries on the fides
oainted after the
Jhe K in s ufes to (land to take the Air.
&AJ5SSS*SToJ*S
by wooden Pillars, About the Houle,
h crT Balconies to enjoy the
Pleafure o f the Canal, on all fides.
Further on the riling Ground, there are
tw o other little pretty Houfes painted
like the reft, for the7 W omen o f the
A ram to take their Pleafure, who have
alfo a little Boat to pafs their time on
the Pool there-, and there is another
Houfe for them at the end o f the Ca-
nal and Garden. On the fides there
1 V
R°°k ^
are other Canals for thofe whofe buli-
nefs it is to water the Plants, and W alk ,.
In Ihort, this Garden what for extent*
and what lor the Beauty o f its T rees,
and Variety ot Fruit and Blowers may
Compare with the belt m Italy
In our return w e faw the Park, where T ie Park.
there were little above 20 T ig e rs, L i-
ons, arid other W ild Beafts. Here we
alfo faw three P f ,, which arc t o l l
u f c l o t e o e e r "n ^ o -’
with which they uie to Hunt D eer, ana 0-
ther game, loofiug thefc Creatures af-
ter them, when the Hawks having faft-
ned on . their Head, htuder the.r fight
with their W ings,
W e met the General o f the Horfe,
calVdSaper/elar (w e itood till he was
p a £ d ) with 5,0 joukliers before him,
Beautifully d ad , having Plumes of Fea-
t o o f fiv c r a l C o lo n ,, on the.r heads.
He was about fifty Years ot A g e,
W ell-countenanc’d and wore great
W hiskers. . . a.
Sunday n t h , the Prior of 5 . A tp ftm Awonder„
fhew’d m e ,a bit of a Root about a sb ig fui|fcower,
as a Fitch,ltke Liquorice,whereof a great
quantity fell the Year before from the
Sky, in the Village of Ciafe in the I ta­
v m ceo f M eirv*. The matter was thus.
I here was fo gr eat a fcarcity in that
Province, and particularly in the afore-
faid Village, by reafon o f the bad Har­
v e il that Year, that feveral People every
day d y’d for mere Hunger. A n honeft
W oman one day went out with abun-
dance o f People into the Fields, and
with many 1 ears, implor d the D ivine
M ercy, that all might not die fo m ill-
rably God who novor & U » « d g
ftreFs, hear d her Prayer, and caus 0 tnis
R o o t, like a HeavenlyManna t o 't o w e r
down from the Sky, for threeM iles a-
Moorithfaihion, where bout, during a N ig h
fuch vaft Plenty o f it, that it waS three
b e lie v v fk ( io r do I thmk the Reader
w ill be eafily convinc d) had it not been
attefted to me, by all the Religious o f
S. Auguftm, F. Elsas ot Mens,, a1 faas o
foot. Carmelite, and M a p o jl/p a h a n
with all the Fathers or his Older, tne
^ ™ m * » B ifo o p o f
baflador o f Poland, the h R e d o r o f the
Jefm ts, all the French that were M the
King’s Service, and all th c le r fu m P c i-
fons o f Quality I fpoke w itk fci a
bit o f it to my Friend the GounwHor
. , t .
PI
,1 I
Chap. V. Of l ' E Ii S T K
fV -A -A Amato Danio at Naples, for him to (hew
(jemelli, it to curious Perions.
15 9 4 . Monday 1 2th, began the Perfecution
r C 'C ' ° and Exptdhon o f the Bare-foot Carmts-
find of the r^e ' at^ers o f ZttlJa, the Divan Beg, or
S m iite s Government ot Ifpahan, going tim ber in
Perfon to carry the K in g’s Order 3 the
Reader I fuppofe w ill not be difpleasd
with the Relation. Thofe Fathers ha-
v in g o f late Years fetded a little Houfe
at Zulfa, they thought o f enlarging it,
and building a good Church. 1 o this
purpofe they bought the Houfe o f an
Armenian for 50 Tomans, given them in
Alm s by a Catholick, butthroughneglea
they omitted to R egiflei the purchaie
in the K in g’s Books, according to the
cello in or Perjia. T h e Heretick A n-
menians, being fet upon obftruaing the
work already begun, made a great Cla-
mor, pleading the K ing’s Order, which
Prohibits the exercife o f any Religion
m Z ulfa but the Armenian \ the leathers
on the othei fide, thought they ought
not to give over their work ; haring the
King’s leave to build in any part o f his
Kingdom whatfoever, From W oid s it
came to A&ions , for 2000 Armenians
aflembhng went to break, open the C a r -
mslites G ate, and they had doubtlefs com-
f it t e d fome Outrage had not the Am -
oaflador or Poland fent his People to
keep them ofl. T he Catholicks of Ifpa-
ban had feveral meetings to put a ftop
to this growing Evil, but coo Id make
nothing o f i t , becaufe the Armenians
were rich 3 and one Stephen Z e r t a b ie t , or
Preacher, having gather’d 3000 Tomans,
that is 57000 Crowns ot Naples, had
preferred the Queen Mother, and the
K in g’s Favourites, and by that means
obtain’d the Order he defir’d. T h e fir ft
thing the D ivan Beg, who put in Execu-
tion, did, wras to ask Father Elias, whe-
ther he had any In Raim ent, or Deed to
fhew for the Sale. T h e Father could
/hew none, becaufe it was not in due
form i and on the other fide the Seller,
being threatned by the Hereticks, faid
he had not iold it, but that being in-
debted 50 Tomans to the Monaftery, F.
Elias had taken it from him by Force,
He deny’d, alledging he had bought it
legally, with the confent o f the leller 3
but the D ivan-Beg interrupting him,
faid, What, do you take the King’s Sub-
jebls Houfcs away by force, without any
Deeds tojhew ? And at the fame time o r-
derd all the W ork to be demolilh’d,
and (hutting up the Monaftery, feal’d
the Gates, P. E lia s asking, whether that
was the ufage they gave the Kings guefts
\*> n
*SL
,35 “
in Perfia ? T h e other ahfwer’d , thai
therefore it was they cfid not proceed to
punilh them more fevereJy. T h e D l-
van returning to the C ity, f e n t i 2 o f h i s
Men to command F. Elias and his three
Companions in the K ing’s Name, ira-
mediately to depart Z ulfa ; and not
prefume to fet foot there again, upon
.Penalty o f 10 0 T o m a n s. The good Fa-
thers fet out aruidft that Rabble, that
was to conduit them by order o f the
Governor of IJp a h a n 3 but by the way
they met two Fathers o f S. Auouflin
(feat to meet them out o f civility by
,f. Gafpar dos Keys, Prior o f the Mona-
ftery where I lay} who mounted them
on their HorfeS. Being come before the
the D iv a n , they with much difficulty ob-
rain’d leave to remain in the Pohth A n>
baflador’ s Houfe. The Mutiny had been
great at Z tU fa , and no lefs the Toy of
the Heredcks, who with extraordinary
Inference, threatned to expel the Jefk -
its and Dominicans 3 relying on the Pro-
tedion Aga-Carnal (a Black Funuch the
King’s Favourite) the Queen Mocher
and feveral Great Men, for which rea-
fcn the aforelaid Anibaffador thought
fie to fend his Retinue, to Guard the
fuits Houfe. T here being reafon to fear
that all the Catholick Miilioncrs would
be banifh’d, the aforemention’d F. G af-
par, and other Portmuis Fathers, who
were in great Effeem" went on T u e fd a y
13th to Z u lfa, to acquaint Zertabiet,
that i f he intended to expel the other
Religious Men, as he had done the C a r -
m elius, it would be look’d upon as an
open Declaration o f his being an Enemy
to C atholicks; and i f fo the King o f
Portugal, and other Catholick Princes
would not fail to take their meafures ac»
cordingly. Adding, that as a Friend he
forwarn’d him, that this indifereet Zeal
o f his would be the caufe o f all the raif-
chief that Ihould befall the A rm e n ia n
Merchants in Chriftendom. T h o this
Zertabiet was a hot-headed old Fellow,
and anfwer’d at firft that he valu’d not
Kings when the Salvation of his Flock .
lay at Stak e; yet the Prior and his V i.
car who was excellently Skill’d in the
Oriental Languages manag’d it lo dif-
creetly, that they prevail’d with him,
before their Faces to tear the Rogam or
King’s Order for banifhing all the Ca»
tholick Fathers 3 declaring he did it for
their fakes.
It is not to be admir’d that all thele
Fathers having R eg a in s for their Foun-
dations, the A rm e n ia n s Ihould (b eafily
obtain others contradiftory to them 3
becaufe
■
 ■ G°feX

® <SL
/ f > --- nV \

136 A Voyage round the W O R L D Book I.

’ ■ V------ - " “ ~
r N ^ O becaufe the King liv’d in ftupidity, be- concern’d in the laft Troubles, by a f
Gemelli. ing altogether governed by others. T he filling Father Elias-, others, and this
i * 94- Life he led, can fcarce be call’d Life* was the m oll probable Opinion, faid it
fo rn o fo o n e r did he tawake from the was, becaufe having alter’d his R eli-
ofThe profound Sleep caus’d by the brisk gion he had not embrac’d the Mahome-
King. W ine o f Saras and other places in Per- tan, as the Laws o f the Realm diredt.
fia , but he fell to drinking again, and They faid, that thesDivan Beg being in-
when he could not hold the G lafs, his form’d o f it, had fent to ask the Opi-
Cup-bearer, gave him three Bumpers, nion o f the Axond (who is the chief
Then being fomewhat recovered, he in Religious matters and Judges o f W ed -
took 3 more with his own Hand, till dings, Divorces, Buying, Selling, Bar­
being again overcome with the fumes o f tering, and other Contrafts, whether
W ine, b elay down to Sleep, and thus ther they are valu’d or not) and that he
he fpenc his Days between fleeping and had declar’d he ought to be burnt alive,
a (hadow o f waking. He could not T he K in g thinking this Sentence too fe-
forbear drinking as he fate in Council, vere, chang’d it into a fine o f 2000 To-
and very often deep overcoming him, mans, but afterwards at the requeft o f
the AlLm bly broke up without doing a- M ar carah Daughter, who was in the
ny thing. Perfons o f credit told me Aram , he came down to 550.
that Scia-Abas the Great, having flain T h e Armenians not latisfy’d with Per-
the King o f the Vsbechs, he made a fecuting the Catholicks, us’d their en-
Dilli o f his Skull fet in G o ld ; and that deavours to do all the ill Offices they
the King we now fpeak of, out o f his could to the Amballador, who fupport-
Barbarous and Bloody inclination ufing ed their Caufe. T h e V izier had fome
to drink out o f it upon Solemn occa- Months fince given him his Anfw er,
fions, it once hapned he did fo in the that the King did not defign to break
prefence o f that King’s Succefiors Am - the Peace with the Turks, and the Am -
baffiador. He ask'd "him in jell whe- balfador preffing to be dimifs’d by the
ther he knew what that Dilh was made King, thefe bafe Armenians reprelent-
o f ; and the other anfwering he did not, ed him in fuch manner to the Minifters
he faid, this is your King’s Head. T h e o f State, that on Tburfday 15 , they a-
AmbalTador turning away very difcreet- gain fent him Orders to be g o n e ; ad-
Jy anfwer’d, My King was happy a- ding that^fince he was not fatisfy’d to
midft his misfortunes, in dying by the be difmifs’d by the Prime Minilter, they
Hand o f fo great a Monarch ; but to would fend an inferior Perfbn to do it ;
me he appears much more Glorious at refufing at the fame time to give him
prefent, fince I fee his Memory pre- the allowance for three Months fince
ferv’d by fo Mighty a King as your Ma- he was fir ft difmifs’d, and a fuitable at-
jefty. T his anfwer was fo well taken tendance to go away, much lefs to pay the
that for the future the Amballador was hire o f his Houfe, for the time to come,
deny’d nothing he ask’d. £ Fryday 16th, as I was at Dinner with
W hilft the Portugues Fathers labour’d the Fathers, the Amballador came in,
with much Chriftian Charity about the and fitting down among us, faid, he
affair o f Z ulfa, another no way con- would certainly be gone for Poland by
temptible accident hapned on iVednef- the laft day o f August, whether he had
runi(h- day 14th. T he King’s Order was noti- the K in g ’s Anfwer or not; fince there
t0 Coggia M arcara, aCatholick A r- was no likelihood o f the Perfians en-
Convert.” menian, for him to pay 500 Tomans, gaging in a W ar againft the T u rks; as
Some faid this was becaufe he had been his M ailer defir’d.

CHAP. V I.
The Defcription of the Meidan and Royal Palace, and an Account of
fome Paflages that hapned.
The Mei- r ~ T 'H e Meidan or Square I went to fee where I lay, where there liv ’d a Prince
1 on Saturday 1 7th, is the bell Stru- o f the Perfian Race. It is a quarter o f
dlure in Ifpahan, built by King S cia -A - a Mile in length from North to South,
bas\ being made by the Model o f ano- and about half that breadth from Eaft to
ther, now ruin’d near the Monaftery, W eft. It may compare with, and per­
haps

- \rVt) *
//> — xV \

{($%
\c%^--- ^sfr/
§L
^Chap. VL Of Y E K STA. 7y
r ^ \ , ^ haps exceed the bell Squares ia Europe, and T roops o f Horfe. Along before
Gemein. in the Uniformity and Beauty o f the thefe two Gates there are n o Pieces o f
1694. A rches, Shops, Windows o f the fe- Cannon brought, from Ormuz. w h e n it
t / Y \ > cond Floorj and o f all its other Parts, was taken from the Ponugutr, but. they
T here is this difference betwixt it and are all Falconets, excepc nine m idliog
that of S. M ark at V enice, that the Pieces. Beyond this ufelels Front o f
Arches o f the Meidan are (hut up with Cannon is a Portico, which leads to the
W alls and Porticos at convenient di- , back Door o f the Palace, call’d D erm od-
flances, to give way to go iu where- back, or the Gate o f the R uthin, through
as in F em e they are open. T h e Front which all Provilions are brought in.
o f this lalt is adorn’d with Marble and Near it is the’great Treasurers A part-
Statues, and the other with Bricks. But merit, who was then a white Eunuch,
on the other Hand the Meidan is much who has the Keys o f the great T ieafu re,
larger than S. M a rk \ Place. which is never touch’d, but when, the
The Shops below fet ve for T rade, Crown is in the utmoft want,, there be-
and the Rooms above to live in, being ing another Apartment for the Sopldi-
all Arch’d. About it is a Stone Canal, ers Pay. Only the Revenues o f G ar-
which has not W ater at all tim es, or dens, Caravanferns, and other Stimftu res
in all Places, and fometimes it Hands in belonging to the King are put into the
fevei al parts o f it and thinks. O f all great Treafury. And it is here to beob-
the T re e s Scia-Aoas caus’d to be brought ferv’d, That Taxes and Impoiltions be-
thicher, there are hut few Handing, and ing forbidden by their fajfe Prbphet,
they have negle&od to plant others in the Mahometan Princes think the Mony
the Place o f thofe that decay’d. rais’d by them vyrongfully g o t, and
Th Pa T h e Royal Palace has two principal therefore do not lay out a Farthing of
lace. Gates, one call’d Ala-Caps, the other it for their T ab le, hut make ufe o f the
D aiikt C m a, near the Meidan on the Revenues o f cheir Gardens and Houfes.
W elt nde of it. That o f Jla -C a fv leads T h e great Mogul now reigning is fo
into a long W alk, where there are final! fcrupulous in this point, that he will not
Rooms for the Criminals that retire thi- maintain hirnfelf upon his Revenue * but
ther, as to a fafe SaixHnaiy. The K in g tho’ he is above Bo Years o f A ge makes'
cannot refufe co hear their' Complaints, Caps hirnfelf, and prefents them to the
perhaps o f W rongs done them by his Cbam s, who whether they will or no
M iniHers, becaufe being th e re , they mult pay twenty or thirty thoufand
think tbenuelves under the fheicer o f Crowns a piece fo r them. Oppolite
his Mercy. A t the end o f this Lane or to chis Gate o f Der-mod-back is a Build-
W ay is a Gate call’d H A i, on the T h re- ing e.idofvd, where there are feveral
fhold whereof is a rouud Stone, held in forts o f Artificers , and particularly
great Veneration by the Terfan s. Over Franks, who work for the King. T here
k is a great fquare Balcony with the are feveral o th e rG a te sa b o u tic a n d .e f-
R oof nobly G ilt and Painted, and fup- pecially a private one, through which
ported by twenty Wooden Pillars a- the King ufes to go to the M ofchoi M *f-
dom ’d after the fame manner. About cit-Scia. »
k hang feveral Pictures o f Europeans On the North-tide hangs to no pur- setd-hfi-
with Dilhes in their Hands to flatter the pofe the Bell belonging to the Clock o f »ifo Mofib,
Princes Humour. In the middle o f it Ormuz.^ given by the Augufhmans to 5 a -
is a delicate Fountain, to which the W a- a-Abas the Great. Oil the Eaft is the
ter is convey’d with much Labour and Mofch o f Seech-loft-alia, contiftirrgof on-
Ingenuity. This Place is open on three ly one Cupola, cover’d with fmall Tiles
ficies, and on the fourth is the R oyal o f feveral Colours.
Throne ; becaufe he ufes to come thi- On the South is the Kings Mofch call'd Th(.KlVlg^
ther to fee all the puhlick Rejoycingsor M afcit-Scia. It has a beautiful Front &i0]<h.
Sports in the great Square. T he moll o f the lame Workmanlhip, with two
diverting is that o f the A rrow , the K in g T o w ers on the tides* ending at the T o p
caufing a Gold Cup to be hung to a T ree, like Turbants. The fir ft Gate leads in-
which is given as a reward to him, who to a Court or Cloifter o f an irregularly
. Riding a full fpeed, when he is pall the fort of Figure, whofe Archesare adorn’d
Tree,turns about and Ihootsitdown with with the lame Bricks or Tiles. > T h e fe~
an A rrow . cond Gate which is cover’d with Plates
T h e Gate o f Daulet-Cuna, that,is, the o f Silver is the way into the M ofch,
Gate o f Juftice, which is moll us’d, is which is all over Painted within after the
guarded by feveral Companies o f Foot, Arabian Manner and G ilt, fo that the
Vol. IV. S Archia

t®> < !
f1)1 ‘ §L
‘ G°ifeX
138 A Voyage round the W O U L D .
rs-A ^ o Arches feem to vie in Beauty with the
Gemeili. p ay em e n t, which is cover’d with the
16 9 4 . l ichelt Carpets the Country affords.
y "v^ ° In the middle o f the Square or Mar-
ditieD°i) feet-place, from the T ree o f the A rro w
here. ° d to this Mofch they fell W ood and C o als;
from the Mofch to the B e ll, old Iron,
H orfe-furnitures, Carpets and other
T h in g s, but all o f them at fecondH and;
thence to the Mafch o f Sceck-loft-alla,
they fell Fouls, Pigeons, Meat ready
drelt. The reft o f the Square towards
the Palace is quite clear and without
Shops, becaufe the K in g comes thither
fometimes to fee Bulls and other wild
Beads baited. But there are Mounte-
banks and M erry-A ndrew s that repair
th ith erto impofe their Nonfenfe upon
the ignorant Multitude, and divert them
with their F o p p eries; and the Peafants
on Fry day, which is their Feftival, come
to fell their Fruit, and the labour of the
reft of the Week. On the inlide along
the Bazar there are Shops where they fell
red Leather, Skins to carry Water un-
der the Camels Bellies, and other things
made of Leather. Hard by there are
Shops that fell Bows and Arrows, and
others o f Drugs and Spice. Then in
the Caravanferas there are in this great
Square, On the South-fide, that is from
the Mofch to the Eaft Angle, they fell,
Saddles, Bridles, and all Horfe-furniture ;
from the Mofch to the Weft Angle, are
Bookfellers and Book-binders. The Weft
fide, from the North Angle to the Pa-
lace, is taken up with People that fell
Glafs Baubles brought from Nuremberg
and V enice. Between the two Gates of
Aga-Capi and D aukt-Cuna , there are
wretched Armenians who make R ings,
and cut Seals on com mon Stones. From
the Palace to the South Angle, all the
Arches ferve for CofFee-Houfes where
they fmoke; for befides the noble Prof-
peft which is like an Amphitheater, there
is a great Fountain of Water in the mid-
d ie, where the Perfa n s fill the Bottle
they have to their Pipes, that the Smoke
may come the cooler to their Mouths.
This Place being very much frequented,
the D ervices repair to it Morning and
Evening to chatter till they foam at the
Mouth, for feme fmall reward they af-
terwards receive from the hearers.
CiWAtife- The Armenians have the Shops in their
m' little Caravanfcra near the M eidan , not
far from the famous Caravanfera founded
by the Mother of Scia-A bas the Second.
This has two Floors, a great Pond in the
middle, and Gates at the four Angles,
wbich formerly led to four other Cara-
Book I.
vanferas, but at prefent there are only
two.
It is to be ooferv’d that tho People are
not receiv’d gratis in thefe Caravanferas
o f R o yal Foundation, yet they are pre-
ferable to the others for the fecurity o f
the G o o d s; for if any thing happens to
be loft, the K eeper o f them is accounta-
ble for i t ; as alfo for ail Commodities
trufted out and enter’d in his Book, w ith
the Names o f the Buyers and Sellers,
On this account the Sellers pay tw o in the
hundred, and the K eeper is ob lig’d to
recover the full Price. Befides the M et-
dan is well guarded at N ight (as are all
the other Bazars) by Perfons kept in pay
fo r that purpofe ; for tho’ the T rad ers
Shops and Chefts be well lock’d, yet the
things o f fmall Value and great Bulk are
left in the open Market-place, cover’d
with a T en t.
From the Angle form’d by the North
and W elt fides there is a Palfage into a
great B azar, where they fell Linnen and
Shooes. Thence isa way into a greater,
where they fell all manner of Braziers
Ware, and Saws, and there live the Dy-
ers ; at the end o f it is an excellent Ca-
ravanfera where they fell Musk and red
Leather.
On the North fide there are Scimitars,
Tongs, and other Inftruments o f Iron
and Brals, and before the Gate feveral
forts o f precious Stones. Over thefe
Shops is a long Gallery fupported by
Pillars, where every Night there isa
difpleafing Confert of Fifes, Drums ,
and other Inftruments, as has been find
o f other C ities; within it there are
Rooms for the chief of the Mufick. Op-
polite to it in this Place there are two
Pillars feven Spans high, and the fame
diftance from one another, to play at
Mall a Horfe-back, which is done ftrik-
ing the Ball a Gallop to drive it between
the two Pillars,
The Gate before mention’d leads to
feme Arches where they fell rich Cloth
o f Gold and Silver, Silks, and Indian
Stuffs. The Eaft fide of the Mofch to
the North Angle, is taken up with Shops
o f all forts o f fmall Works in Silk. From
thence to the South Angle there are T u r-
ners, and People that beat Cotten, and
in the Porticos there are Smiths, who
make Nailes, Horfe-lhooes and the like.
Going home I pafs’d by the Caftle, TheCa.
which is near the Houfe of the French file,
Capucins, and adjoyning to the South
Wall of the Town. It is two Miles
inCompafs; for within it there are B a -
z a rs , and the Dwellings o f the King’s
Slaves,
 ■ G° i x
KP
Chap. VI. .. X)f P E R S I A
r ^ A-<? Sla,ves/ wLh.° are voluntary Renegadoes,
Gemelli. only for this Honour, and their Mainte-
1 ^ 94 ' , nance. It is twice as long as broad, and
L / 'V X ) altogether Defencelefs; its feurvy l ow -
ers being or Earth, as is all the W alk
Here the King keeps all the Rarities he
Buys, oi are lent him as Prdents by the
Governours ot Provinces and Scran-
® eSS‘ , „ , , , „
Sunday 18th, I went to hear Mafs at
the Church o f the Bare-foot Carmelites,
to repay the Vilit to F. Elias, Bilhop
Elea o f jfpahan. Monday i s h , I went
again to the M eidan, to lee the D, van-
Begs Sciatter, or Foot-man run in order
to be admitted to Serve the King. He
bad on a pair o f fliorc open Breeches, as
our Foot-men wear, with three Horfe-
bells hanging down from his W ak e,
His Thighs and Legs were Naked, and
Anointed with a fort o f Greafe to pre-
vent Wearinefs * as formerly tbofe; that
Exercis d in the Gymmafia, Anointed
themfelves with Oil. He run from the
Gate of Jla -C a p i, to a Stone on the
Mountain three Miles from the C ity,
He was to run it feven times without
Eating, but only Drinking * every time
taking up a little Flag plac’d by the
G oal, and then, if found fit to be the
K in g’s Sciatter, he was admitted. T h e
Ferfian N obility generally keep many
o f them for Grandeur.
Difference In tbe mean while, Stephen the Vert-
between abiet, who was Independent o f the Pa-
the Ame- triarch, with four other Bifhops, not
watts, cealirig to contn Ve agsinft the remain-
der o f the Catholick Miflioners at Znlfat,
it pleasd God that another V en-abiet,
whole Name was John, rais’d a furious
P e rfec tio n igainft him. This Man had
been Arch-_bi ill op o f Z n lfa , but being
depriv d o f his Dignity by Stephen, he
became a Catholick ; and retiring to
Jla c a p ij with one o f his Religions Men
(relying on the Protection o f the former
KaUnter o f Z ulfa, who was become a
Mahometan) accus’d him o f having Books
agaiuft Mahomet. His Houfe being
fearch’d, two Books were found, one ,
o f them Printed fifty Years before in
the Armenian Language by another Ste-
phen a Vert-abiet^ containing many R e-
of ..
• •
: - V
I'll
ig
proaches againit the Mahometan R d i - ' ’
gion. T h e Matter being Examin’d, and
the Book Interpreted by a Renegado
Arm enian, in the Prefence o f the Nabab,
and the Sceik-leflon, or A xond, two Per-
Tons Tranfcribing it into the Perfa n
1 ongue \ Stephen was Condemn’d to be
Burn’d alive ; notwithftanding he urg’d
before the Court, that the Book was
Compos’d by another Stephen, a Pol,(I)
Vertabiet at Jfm aizen, and that the other
Manufcript was fallify’d by the Infer- '
mers. T h e K in g, who had no good
Opinion o f thole Eccleliaflical Judges,
would not fnfFer the Sentence to be E x -
ecuted ; all the City being in Expecta-
tion to fee that Criminal put to Death,
Know ing how Rich the Arch-brlhop
was, it was always my Opinion, T hat
by the help o f his powerful Friends he
would fave his Life, which did not. only
prove tru e , but moreover inftead o f
being Punilh’d, he receiv’d from the
Queen-Mother, the Calant, or V eil o f
H onour; with Orders to his Accufers
to return to Z a lfa , under his Jurisdi-
ftion, or to L ive with the Franks, i f they
were Catholicks.
Tuefday 20th, in the Evening I law * Wed-
the Nuptial Ceremonies us’d in Perfia, ding.
a Man and Woman both Slaves that
L iv ’d near our Houfe being M arry’d.
W hen they had eaten their Bellies full
o f Fiiait at the Bridegrdom’s Houle, a
great Company o f Men and W om en,
moft o f them with lighted Candles in
their Hands, it being then N ight, went
to receive the Bride. H alf an Hour af-
t e r , file was Conducted between two
W omen cover’d with a white Linnen
Cloth from Head to Foot, which made
them look like Ghofts. After them fol-
low ’d many other W om en, and then
Men, one o f whom catry’d a great W a x -
Candle worth ten Crowns T h e Bride-
groom very Unmannerly went out but
four Steps from his Houfe to meet the
Bride. T h is is the Cuitom among the
poor People ; but among the better Sort
theft Ceremonies are perform’d a Horfe-
back in great State, and abundance o f
Lights fet up in the Streets they are to"
pafs through.
S a CHAP.
"
, ■ :I
 /'JS* ‘ G°$X /
//> —x \ \

fill
x ^ f .vx&^ y
§L
140 round the W O R L D . Book 1.

C H A P . V II.
The Funeral o f Scia-Selemon, K jn g o f Perfia ; the Sacrifice o f the Camel; the
Original\ Marriages, Funerals, Religion, and Habit of the Goris.

fS ~ A ^ o T T T Ednefday 2 ift , it was known a- a R oom ftretch'd out on a C arp et, to

Gem clli. y y bioad that the K in g was fallen be carry’d thence to Kom, to the Tom bs
i<*94~ Sick, or rather grow n w orfe o f his con- o f his A nceftors. T h e Phyfician that
tinual A p o p led ick Fits, occafion’d by had attended him in his Sicknefs, was
the "kin? t00 muc^ W ine. Being with good R ea- apprehended to be put to D eath, o r Ba-
of Perfia, fon apprehenfive o f his L ife , on T hurf- nifli’d according to the Cuftom o f the
and his day 22d , he order’d 3 7 0 0 Tomans to be P erfa n Court, to keep the Mahometan
Charity, dilfributed among the P o o r ; and O r- Phyficians in A w e. But it was reported
ders to be fent to all the G overnours o f this Man would be kept a Prifoner fo r
Provinces to releafe all the Prifoners in L ife. It was alfo reported, T h at as the
the Kingdom . K in g w as Breathing his Laft, being £ x -
Friday 23 d , I D in’d with the D irefto r horted to make a good End by the J x -
o f the Dutch Com pany, who was extra- ond, w ho is the fecond Judge in R e li-
ordinary C ivil to m e ; and Saturday gious A ffa ir s ; he fent to the Nabob their
24th, I went out a Shooting, and k ill’d High P rielt for a Cloth to wrap his Bo-
abundance o f D oves, w h ereo f there are dy in, fayin g he would carry nothing
vaft Num bers about the Country. Sun- that belong’d to this W orld.
day 25th , going to hear Mafs at the* A ll the while till the Coronation o f Alms.
Bare-foot Carmelites, I was inform’d by the N e w K in g , a Thoufand Cangaris,
F. E lia s, T h a t the Vert-ahiet, by his o r great Dilhes o f Pilau were diflributed
great Pow er had difappointed all the out o f the K in g’s K itchin, with as ma-
Endeavours o f the Catholicks, for R e - ny o f Sweet-m eats to M ullah'’s, and
eftablifhing their Million in Z ulfa. M on- poor People, for the good o f the Dead
day 26th, having nothing to do, I went Man’s Soul.
out to D iv e rt me with the Prior, and Scia-Selemon D y ’d at the A g e o f 53, why this
other Fathers o f our Houfe. Tuefday when he had R eign’d thirty Years. He King
27th , the N ew s was fpread abroad that was Exalted to the T h ro n e by the Name Rang’d
the K in g was in his A gon y. Wednefday o f Scia-Sofi the Second, but afterw ards I113 Name.
28th, F. Elias came to Vifit me, and to falling defperately Sick, he chang’d his
tell me, that there being no hopes o f Name as follows. It is the Cuftom o f
R edrefs in their A ffair, they muff: have Perfia, that when the K in g falls Sick,
all that had happen’d authentically A t - all the prim e Men, and Governours o f
tefled, in order to obtain Letters o f Provinces fend a great quantity o f G o ld
Recommendation from all the Chriftian Coin in a Bafon o f the fame M etal, fet
Princes in Europe, to the Court o f with Je w e ls. T h is is w av’d o ve r the
Perfia. K in g ’s Head three tim es, faying thefe
The K ing T h u rf day 29th, the K in g ’s Death was W o rd s, Patfcia hafeena carbon o l f o n that
Dies. made Publick about N oon, the Eunuchs, is, T h is M ony is Sacrific’d for the Health
and K ilar-A gaft, or chief o f the Slaves ap- o f the K in g ’s Head. I f the K in g reco ­
pearing with their Garm ents rent, which vers, it is given to the Poor, with 0-
is the M ourning ns’d am ong thePerfians-, ther G ifts o f his S erva n ts; i f he D ies,
upon which N ew s the Saper-Selar ran it is put into the T reafu ry. T h e A r ­
ia haftily to the Palace, that his H orfe menians alfo fend their Mony, but the
fail’d him, and he broke his Leg. T h e fame W ord s are not Spoke, o n ly, B a -
Body was rem ov’d the fame D ay to the rafad-duk ; that is, D elign’d for Alm s.
Garden call’d Bagfce-keel-Sultan ■, where T h e K in g being nothing the better fo r
it was waffl’d in a Fountain by the Caful- all thefe Prefents, the three Phyficians
Bafci. T h is Man is the chief o f the that A ttended him w ere ill Us’d ; as i f
W afhers o f the D ead, who never E x - it had been in their Pow er to Cure him
ercifes his Office, but when the K in g im m ediately. T h e others therefore fear-
D ies, and has fo r his R ew ard 50 Tomans, ing they fhould fare worfe, perfwaded
and the Cloaths, with all that is found the K in g , that the Caufe o f his Sicknefs,
upon the K in g, even to the Carpet that was the A ftro lo gers not knowing how
covers him. A fter lie was waffl’d after to chufe a lucky H our for his Exaltation
the Mahometan Falhion, he was laid in to the T h ro n e , and therefore it was re -
quifite

ib r .
l®
Chap. VII. Of PERSIA*
ry v ^ O quifite he Ihould again take Poffeffion in
Gcmelh. a more favourable Minute, and change
S“- ,Namr ‘ u T he Fe:Jians, ^ & much
Faith in fuch Fopperies, the King eafily
gave Ear to their Advice ; and the A-
ftrologers and Physicians having chofen
a fortunate Hour, a Day was appointed
for the New Coronation. But it being
unlawful for the King, according to the
Mahonutan Superftition to perform this
Action, without he had firft overthrown
and expelJ’d fome wrongful Pretender,
or Ulurper of the Crown 5 he caus’d a
Gori to be Apprehended, who laid he
was Defcended from the ancient Stock
of the Ruftm ’s, who were Sovereigns
o f Perfia and Parthia, and to be plac’d
on the Throne on his Back againft a
wooden linage. Then he caus’d all the
great Men to conic to Honour him as
their lawful King, till the fortunate
Hour was come, and as foon as ic did,
that very Moment an Officer with his
Scimitar cut off the Head of the wooden
Image, and the Gori ran away; after
which the King attended the Throne,
was faluted by the Nobility, girt on his
Scimitar, and put the Soft's Cap on
his Head, which are the Ceremonies of
taking Pofleffion of the Crown among
the Perftans, changing his Name of Soft
for that of Seleman,, From that time the
Aftrologers loft the King’s Favour, and
the Phyficians regain’d it.
The Scia~Selcm,w was Born of a Georgian
King’s Woman, and having led his Life before
S u r d - he Came Co the Grown> ei£her among
vioufiids. Womea> .or Eunuchs he could
learn nothing but Cruelty or Lafciviouf-
nels. Giving way to his bloody Genius,
he at firft govern’d with too much Rigor
and Severity, whereof what he did by
one of his Concubines is no fmall E x-
ample. It being the Cuftom, tho’ unfit
and barbarous, for the Kings o f Perfta
to Marry their Concubines to mean Per-
fons, contrary to the Pradice o f the
Ottoman’ s, who beftow them on the
Prime S c ia -S d e m a n gave her he
Lov’d belt to a Gozor, or Waffier; but
the great Love he bore her prevailing,
he took her away again into the A ram ,
fending her Husband, by whom (he then
ha<f fix Children, away upon fome ho-
noucable Employment. The King one
Day out ot Curiofity, or rather Jealou-
fy, ask’d her, which of the two (lie
Lov’d belt ; and file anfwering boldly,
her Husband, becaufe with him the Liv’d
ni God’s Grace; the King in a Rage,
order’d her to be call into the River
Love prevail’d over his barbarous Incli-
. §L
------- 7^7
nation, fo that Exeoidon beW dc-Iav’d
he inclin’d to forgive her, as it did fome
Months after, when he order’d her to be
Burn’d alive ; fo that flic is ftil] I ivina
in the Aram . ‘°
He continu’d this Severity for feveral
Years, putting to Death many great
Men o f his Court upon very flight Oc
ca lions 5 but afterwards ad d lin g him-
felf altogether to Drunkennefs, a°nd the
Pleafures of the A r a m he fo abfolutely
loll: his Authority, that he had nothing
left but the bate Name o f a King •
leaving the whole Charge of* the G o-
vernment to M ir z a - T a h e ' the Prime
V izier, who had gain’d the firft Place
in his Favour. This Man was the great
eft Thief in the W orld, and not re-
garding his great A ge of eighty Years"
becaufe he found himfelf ftroim in Body’
he minded nothing but who laid moft
and fometimes would ftoop fo low as to
take a Crown. They faid, that being
one Day ask’d by the King how many
Children he had, he anfwer’d, he did
not remember their Number • ’ but that
he would go borne, and write 1 hem
down. He role to this high pitch of
Preferment by the King’s lik in g fome
Verfes he made. 0
Among ocher Extravagancies com-
nutted by this King through exceffive kenne™
Drinking, it is reported, That A c b b a r '
the Son of the Great Mood (who fled
under his Proteftion front his Father)
being in Pretence among many P e r n a n
Noble Men, he laid his Hand to his
Sword to Wound thofe great Men and
had done it, but that they lav’d them-
felves by Flight. Some time after he
ask’d Achbar, what he thought of that
A&ion ; who wifely anfweLd, That he
was very Ablolute in his Throne. He
allow’d this Prince twelve T o m a n s a Day,
befides his Houfe, and all Neceilaries *
for his Stable.
When lie was fometimes prefs’d to stupidity
make War upon the Turk, the Oppor-
tunity being fo favourable, that a bet-
ter could never be had; he anfwer’d,
That having once confented to make a
Peace, he was not to break his Faith,
His Friends Hill urging that, neverthe-
lefs the Turk, when lie had ended the
War with the Chriftians, would begin
again with him; he inconfiderately an-
fwer’d, he fhould be fatisfy’d, as long as
he had Ifvahan left him. Thefe Thoughts
were infus’d into him by his prime Mi­
nifter, who was look’d upon to be of
the Turiijb Sed, and by fome Counfel-
lors, who were of Opinion, That when
the
t(tj <SL
/''Cxsflfc ■
. ’V \ "

x ^? .ss^y ^

’ j^2 Voyage round the W ( JR L D. Book i.

r v A ^ T t h e Chriftian Princes had deftroy’d the ftill increafing, till they came to be ten
7«rH , they would not forbear falling Thoufand. He was carry’d a Mile from
1694. upon others. , the C ity t o t h e G a r d e n o f Bax-Sofi-
Yet he was at W ar with Suboan Coh- M irz.a, whither I went to fee him. I
Fraud. cm of the Vsbecks, and to his found him in the fame Litter enconu
great Loft for the following Reafon. pafs’d by Mullah’s, under a great Arch.
T hat King’s Brother being to go to N ot long after the K ila r-Jg a fi came to
Mecca with the Queen, and a Retiune diftribute Tilau to thofe that were to at-
o f 3000 Tartars; Scia-Seltmon, in the tend the B o d y; which, when they had
liril place would not allow above 200 Eaten, they fet out about half an Hour
o f them to come into Ifpahan ; and af- after Night, to carry it to Kom, with-
terwards having a Casket of Jewels left out any Order, but in Confufion ; ha-
in his Cultody, to be reftor’d when ving taken ofTthe Camels ufual T rap-
thofe Princes return’d ; knowing the pings, and Dock’d the Horfes Tails.
Queen came without her Kinfman, who They faid, that as they pafs’d through
D y ’d by the way, he made her go by the Villages, the Peafants would come
the wav o f Sciras, and not through If- out to meet them, and would cut their
pahan, without ever reltoring her Jew - Flelh in a barbarous manner in Token
els. ° f G r‘ ef-
Friday 30th, 1 return’d to the Meidan, Monday 2d o f Auguft, being the Feaft Sacrifice
to fee the Preparations for the Funeral, o f the Porcmncular, l perform’d my De- th=
and found a great Multitude o f Poor in votions. T he Sacrifice o f the Camel be-
the King’s Mofch, to devour the Pilau ing to be perform’d on Tucfday 3d, I
given them for the good o f the Dead mounted betimes to go fee it ; and paf-
Man’s Soul. I Din’d with the Folifli ling by the Deroga’s Houfe, faw abun-
Ambaflador, who invited me to be one dance o f People waiting to fee the
o f his Company, when he attended the wretched Beall that was Condemn’d to
N ew King, which was very acceptable Death, come out. In Ihort, within an
to me, that I might fee the Palace. Hour we faw it led in a Collar by two
That Night, being cholen as fortunate Executioners, and the Deroga after them,
by the Aftrologers, at feven of the Following the Crowd out o f the City,
Clock the Cloth was to be cut for the I took notice o f the ftately Bridge,
K in g’s Coronation Robes. call d Suras, over the River Sanderu.
Funeral Saturday, the laft Day of the Month, It has 33 good Arches, and on them
* an perfons were forbid departing the high W alls of colour’d Bricks, leaving
City till the King was Proclaim’d. T he a great Space in the middle, with a co-
Ambalfadors were confin’d to their Hon- ver’d Gallery, and narrow Paths on the
fes and the Mogul’s Son had Guards fet iides towards the River. A t laft we
upon him. Sunday the i l l o f Augsijt, came to a great Field call d Mujfalla,
after Noon, the Obfequies were per- where there were abundance o f Tombs
form’d. An hundred Camels and Mules o f Tftrks, Built after feveral manners,
led the way, loaded with Sweetmeats, Here tying the Camel’s Legs, he was
and other Provilions, to be given on the ftretch’d out on the Ground ; and the
Road to a thoufand Perfons that A c- Deroga putting on a Soft’s Cap (which
• company’d the Body. Then came the is round above, with a Horn in the mid-
Bodv in a large Litter, cover’d with die, and a little Label hanging behind
Cloth o f Gold, and carry’d by two Ca- like that o f a Bifhop’s Miter) ftruck him
mels led by the N a^ar, or King’s Stew- with a Spear ; then an Executioner cut
ard ’ On the Sides went two Servants o ff his Head with an A x, to prefent it
burning the molt precious Sweets in two to the King. T he four Quarters were
Fire-pans o f Gold, and a multitude o f divided among great Men, and the reft
Mullah’s, faying their Prayers in a very to the Multitude, who almoft kill’d one
N oify manner. N ext follow ’d another another to get a Bit. The Solemnity
Horfe-Litter cover’d with red and green had been greater, but for the K in g’s
Cloth to ferve in cafe the firft ftiould Death. I faw this fame Camel pafs by
break,’ and then all the great Men o f three Days before with three Children
the Court with their Garments Rent, on his Back, and two things like Salvers
and a Foot, except the Jtmath-Dulet, beating before him, a great Company
who was permitted to Ride, becaufe o f o f Vagabonds following, fome arm’d
his great Age. Wherefoever he went with Hatchets, and fome with Lances,
there were heard Lamentations, and a dif- who led him from Houfe to Houfe to
real Noife of the Subjects; the Company get Mony. This Ceremony is perform’d
every

! 4 fy
 ■ G° i x

ll| <SL
chap.VII. ^ T e ITsT a . j~ff~
f ^ A - o every Year by the Perfan s, in Memory underftood o f Abram -Ebraim z.er-Ateucht
Gemelh. of the Sacrifice Abraham would have their Prophet, who was preferv’d from
1694. offer’d, which they fay was o f Jfmael^ Fire.
t / V v * and not o f Ifaac, and that God feat him T h eir Marriages are after this manner: T V i r
a Camel iniiead o f his Son, and not a rhe Couple being come before the Prielt, M a rria g e !*
Ram. Every one that can get it, Eats he before Witneffes receives the Con-
that D ay o f the Camel’s Flelh with much fent o f both Parties; then he waffles their
Devotion 5 killing in their own Houfes Foreheads, muttering certain W ords,
Sheep, Lambs, and abundance o f Fo w l, after which they may not be D ivorc’d
to Solemnize the Feftival, the Chriitians without a lawful Caufe. T h ey wafh the
Eat not o f thefe Creatures, becaufe o f Children that are Born a few Days after
the fuperftitious W ords they utter when in W ater, in which abundance o f Flow -
^ em . ers. have been Boil’d , their ignorant
Then I went to Z ulfa, to fee the Houfe Priefts praying over it.
o f fj’ e J e f u i t s , and by the way in a T h ey are v?ry careful to Kill all un- Religion.’
Field, faw the Tombs o f the Armenians^ clean Creatures, there being a D ay in
well enough Built. T h e Jefaits Church the Year appointed, on which Men and
was well contriv’d, fraall and curioufly Women go about the Fields killing the
painted after the Fafhion o f the Coun- Frogs. T hey drink W ine, and eat
try. T h ey have an excellent Garden Swines Flelh, but it muff be bred by
and Vineyard, and will in time be very themfelves, and not have eaten any T hin g
well to pafs, i f the Fert-abset w ill let unclean. T h ey abffain but five Days in
them go on. the Year from eating Flelh, Filh, Butter
village of A French Je fm conduced me hence and E g g s ; and three other Days they
the cons, to fee the Village o f the Goris, by fome Eat nothing till Night. Befides they
W riters reckoned among the Suburbs o f have thirty Feftivals o f their Saincs.
Ifpahan. It is one long Street about a W hen any o f them Dies, they carry Fimefalq
Mile long, without any way into it but him out o f the T ow n or Village, to a
at the ends, and one in the middle. It Place wall'd in near the Mountain. T here
is adorn’d with two rows o f green Ci- they tie the dead Body Handing upright
nar T rees, and two Trenches o f W a- to a Pillar, (there being many for the
ter- 4 . Purpofe) feven Spans h ig h ; and going
TheirSome o f the Gone led me to their to Prayers for the Soul o f the Perfon
Temple Tem ple Built in the form o f a Crofs, Departed, they Hand till the Crows come
ana wre. and Arch’d, with W indows in the lower to Eat the B o d y; i f they begin with the
part o f the W all, cover’d with Lattices, right Eye, they Bury the Body, and re-
T h ere was no A ltar in it, and but one turn Home Jo yfu lly, looking on it as a
Lamp hanging in the middle. Afcend- good Omen j i f they fall upon the left
ing fix Steps, they Ihew d me in a E ye, they go away Difconfolate, leaving
Room adjoynmg to the T em ple, their the Body unbury’d.
Fire, which they feed with W ood, and T h eir Habit does not differ from that Their Ha*
fometimes Burn on it the Fat o f the o f the other Perfa n Peafants. T h e W o- bit.
Sheep's T a il. I f any o f them happen to mens is very Modeft, they wearing a
let the Fire go out in their Houfes, they Petticoat after the Italian manner, and
m ull go to Light it at the Tem ple, and under it Breeches and Shoes after the
therefore they are very careful to keep Ferfan Fafhion. About their Heads they
K iH; r T , , w raP a P‘ece ot Stuff made o f Silk and
Thefe Gons Live upon Tillage. T h o ’ Linnen ; and on their Back hangs ano-
Ignorant, they believe in one only G o d , ther very large one, which does not on-
the Creator o f all Things. T hey ho- ly cover all behind, but the Breaft too,
nour, but do not adore the Fire, as being ty ’d under the Chin. T h eir N o -
fome W r ite , in honour o f the F ir e , fes are boar’d to wear a Gold or Silver
from which Abraham efcap’d unhurt, R ing in them, fomewhat fmaller than
when he was caff into it by Order o f that the A rab’s ufe.
a King o f the Caldees (thefe People A s I return’d to Zulfa, an Armenian
Boafhng that they are Defcended from fhew’d me a Clock o f a new Invention.
Abraham, and the ancient Kings o f P er- Itconiifted o f a W heel hanging by two
f a ) according to thofe W ords o f the Threads faftned to the Spring, and mo-
Vr isfire. Scripture, Gen. 15 . v . 7. I am the Lord, ving regularly between two pieces o f
thy God, who brought thee out o f U r o f the W ood, by means o f fome Contrivance
Caldees. So that Tavernier is much mi- within, fhew'd the Hour,
ftaken, when he fays, that this is to be
C H A P ,

fhS
 xjtf* ■ e°5 x ■ *
1( 1 )1
A Voyage round the W O R L D.
CHAP.
The Defeription of the Colony o f Z u lfa, and, o f the Religious Rites o f the
Armenians.
t v > V i r ~ F V lfa , Sulfa, or Giolfa, is near the
Gemelli. f i village of Gori, and two Miles
i 6 94~ * 7 |ijlf from Ifpahan, the River Sarderu
running betwixt them. It is a new Co-
loay oi Armenians, who abandoning the
old one of the fame Name, fettled here
5y Command of Scia-Abas the Great,
when the W ar was hotteft between the
Turks and Perkans. It is three Miles in
I eflgth, and nine in Compafs, by rea-
foa of the great Gardens in i t ; fo that It
looks more like a Wood than a City.
Hie The Houfes are handfomc within, tho’
Streets, o f Mud without, the Streets neater and
n a k e r than thofe o f Ifpahan, with long
Rows of high Cinar T rees on the fides,
and a Trench of W ater in the middle
full o f good Crabs. Here I muft not
omit the notable Jeft fome French-Men,
Inhabitants o f Zulfa, told me, had been
out upon Tavernier, in relation to thefe
Crabs. He being at Dinner about forty
Years fuice, with Monfieur V Eftoile,
highly commended the Crabs; and the
other being a pleafant facetious Man,
faid to him, There are better now than at
any other time, becaufe they feed upon white
Mulberies. And perceiving the filly l a -
vernier was curious to know further,
how they came to Eat Mulberies, that
be might W rite it down *, he added,
That thofe Crabs about Sun-fet came
out o f their Holes near the Trees, and
climbing them, fed upon white Mulbe-
A Trick ries all Night, and then at break o f D ay
pot upon return’d to the W a te r; and therefore
Tevenkr. Lj)e Gardiners in the Night {book the
Trees, and gathering a good quantity
o f them, carry’d them to Sell in the
' Market. This Story told as a Jeff was
Tott i fwallow’d by Tavermer, and writ down
l . 4. ' as T ru th , vvhich is an Impofition upon
A. 423. others as Silly as himfelf. All this was
told me by the faid Monfieur V E fh ik s
Son, by an’ old Armenian, and by three
French-Men, who knew him -at Z ulfa.
r j3y this wc may judge o f the Truth o f
the reft o f his Stories fince he was fo
Credulous in a T hin g fo improbable,
The Perftam are fo far from Eating,
that they have an extraordinary A v e r-
lion for them.
Civil Go- As for the Government o f the A t me-
vernmoit. mans ac Zulfa, the K in g caufes Ju iiice
, .V-
'
Book I.
VIII.
to be rigoroufly Adminiftred among
them in criminal Cafes ; and for the C i-
vil appoints a Kalenfer, or Judge o f
that Nation, who rates what they are to
pay to the Exchequer. Thefe are at
prefent the richeft Sublets of the N a-
tion, become fo by the Mony lent them
at firft by Scia-Abas the Firft, and by
the great Trade they have throughout
the W o rld , but more efpecially in S ilk ;
befides they are fo Frugal both in their
Houfes and Travelling, that the Mony
Hourly increafes in their Purfes.
In fpiritual Matters they are govern’d TbeSpin­
by an Arch-bilhop, who is Independent tual*
of the Patriarch, and has four fuffragan
Bilhops. That Stephen we have before
made mention of, relying upon this his
Independency, made a Trade ot felling
the Sacraments and Burials, openly with­
out any Shame, by that means heaping
together fome hundred Thoufands of
Pieces o f Eight.
Betides their o w n , the Armenians Language,
fpeak the Perfan and Turkijh Languages,
And there are two forts of the Arm t-
nian w rit with different Cbara&ers; that
is, the Learned for the Clergy and R e-
ligious Worlhip, and the Vulgar for the
other People.
N ot to fpeak o f the Bare-foot Carme- MLTio-
htes, Expell’d, as was faid before, there ners.
were Jefnits and Dominicans in Zulfa ;
but a very final! Number of two or three
in a Houfe, being fcarce enough to fay
the D ivine Office. A s for Cathohcks
there arc* very few, and fewer Children
inftru&ed in the Catholick Religion, for
asfoonas tbePert-abiet hears of any, he
Excommunicates the Parents *, who ra-
ther t han be Expos'd to the Fury o f the
Multitude, are forc’d to take away their
Children.
T he Armenian Women are very Beau- Women.
tiful without any help from Art. T hey
cover their Heads with a fine white
Cloth ty ’d under the Chin. All their
Hair is made into one T refs, which hangs
on their Back in a Velvet Bag*, the
richer fort wear Gold, and Jew els like
the reft o f the W orld.
Wedntfday 4th, I* ftay’d in the C ity, Armenian
and going to hear Mafs in an Armenian Mars,
Church, found but one Altar. The
Choir
*
f 1 )|
"chap. v i l .................
0/ P e
— “ * * * ■*
r^ j^ y ~ i Choir was five Steps higher than the
Gemelli. Ifle, and both Parts cover’d with good
1994. Carpets. T h e Mafs was faid by the
Arch-biihop, ferv’d by two Bilhops, as
Deacon, and Sub-deacon, and during it
there was a great Number o f Candles
Lighted on the right fide o f the A ltar.
A fter reading the G ofpel, the C lergy
began to R ing fome fmall Bells faftned
to the ends o f Staves five Spans long,
and both Lay-Men and Church-Men Sung
to that Noife. W hen the Bread was
Confecrated, one o f the Bilhops took
the Chalice out o f a little W indow, and
carrying it about the A ltar, plac'd it
thereon, faying fome Prayers. T hen
the Prieft taking it up, with the Bread
on it, turn’d to the People (who Pro-
ftrating themfelves on the Ground be-
gan to beat their Breafts) faying, This
is the Lord that gave his Body and Blood
for us. Then turning again to the A l-
tar, he receiv’d the Bread alone, dipp’d
in the W ine ; and going down to the
bottom o f the Choir with the Bread and
Chalice in his Hands, faid three times,
Commu* the People as often repeating it. I con-
nion. fefsy I believe that this is the Body and
Blood o f the Son of God, who takes away
the Sins o f the World, and who is not only
oar Salvation, but all Mankinds. . T h is
done, he Communicated with B read ,
dipp’d in the W ine the very Children
o f two or three Years O ld ; not confi-
dering they might caft it out. T h e y
put no W ater into the Chalice, giving
for their Reafon, T h at our Lord when
he Conftituted the Sacrament drank it
Pure. T h e Bread is Unleaven’d, and
the Prieft makes it the Day before, o f
the bignefs o f our W afers.
In Lent they do not Receive, and they
fay only one Mafs upon Sundays in a low
Voice, the Prieft not co be feen, and
only the Gofpel and Creed are Read a-
loud. T h ey do it in the fame manner
on Maunday-Thurfday, and then all that
will may Communicate ; but moft o f
them ufe to do it at the Mafs which is
faid on Holy-Saturday, before Sun-fet-
ting ; after which they may Eat O il,
Butter and Eggs.
Eefier. On Eafter-Sunday another Mafs is faid,
ftill in a low Voice, at which they give
the Communion, and then all are allow’d
to Eat Flelh, fo it be K ill’d that fame
Day. Before all their four principal
Feafts, which are Chriftmas, the Afcen-
lion o f our Lord, the Annunciation o f
St. George, the Bleffed Virgin, and St. George, they
have eight Days Faft, during which they
are not to tafte Flefh, Eggs, Filh, But-
Vol. IV .
J :
<SL
- I.. , . . . . — — ■—
r sia ! ■ I" —'■ ■' !■" ■ L. . . . . . . M- . l -II
hT
. . . - - - .I — . . . . .,<
ter or Oil. T h ey have fo great a De-
votion for St. George, that fome o f them
will be three, an dochersfiveD aysw ith -
out Eating any thing.
_ W hen any one has a mind to make Prieftsi
his Son a Church-Man, he carries him to
the Prieft, who faying fome Prayers puts
the Cope upon him. T his Ceremony is
to be perform’d feveral times in feveral
Years ; after the fourth, i f the Youth
will not become a Monk, he may Mar-
ry, and if flic happens to D ie, and he
w ill take another, he may not be made
a Prieft. When he is eighteen Years o f
A g e , the Ceremony is perform’d the
feventh time, and he is conduced in all
the Prieftly Veftments by a Bi/hop, or
the Arch-bifhop himfelf to the Church,
where he muft have ferv’d a Year be­
fore. Priefts may not Eat or Drink with
their W ives five Days before laying
Mafs, and five Days a fte r; and both
they and the Monks are to fpend the firft
five in the Church, without touching any
Food with their Hands, and for the other
five they muft Eat nothing but Eggs, and
Rice boil’d in W ater and Salt,
T h e Arch-bilhop’s Life is very Au- Arch-bi-
ftere, for fome o f them Eat Filh, and ftops,
Flefh but four times a Year, and all, the
reft Roots and Herbs. T hey, and all
other Church-men and Lay-men have fix
Months and three D ays Faft in the Year, Fading
during which time they Eat nothing but
Bread, and fome raw H erbs; the La-
bouring People at beft feeding on G ar-
den Stuff boil’d with S alt, and with
Nut-O il i f they will 5, as for Flefh they
Eat none in the moft dangerous D iftem -
pers.
T h e Sacrament o f Baptifm is Adm i- Baptifm,
nifter’d on Sunday, unlefs there be im-
minent danger o f Death before, and is
done in this manner. The Infant is
carry’d to Church by the,Midwife, where
after the Prieft has faid fome Prayers,
he is dipp’d Naked into the W ater, and
deliver’d to the God-father. Then the
Prieft putting together two Cords, one
of red Silk, the other o f Cotton (to fig-
nify the Blood and W ater that came
from our Saviour’s Side) ties them about
his Neck, and then A nointing his Fore*
head with Holy Oil, fays, / Baptize thee
in the Name o f the Father, o f the Son,
and o f the Holy G hofl; Anointing all the
extream Parts o f the Body, ftill repeat-
ing the lame W ords. When the Bap-
tifm is over, the God-father goes out
o f the Church with two lighted Candles
in his Hands, and the Infant on his
Arms, and carries it to the Mother’s
T Houle/
; v ' ,
%
ftn
f(¥)|
.fists '
146 ^ Voyage round the W O R L D.
O sA -^ Houfe, attended by feveral Mufical In-
Gemeili. ftruments •, where having receiv’d her
1694. thanks he kifles the T op o f her Head,
t/y M A s for the Name they give the Child
that which falls out on the Day in theCa-
lendar, or elfe the next to come. Then
they make a plentiful Entertainment,
according to the Peoples q u ality, to
which all the Kindred and Friends, and
all the Prielis and Monks o f the Parilh
are invited. T hey that w ill fave this
charge which is very great, pretend the
Child is like to dye, arid baptize it on a
W eek Day. T h e trouble is greater
when Women are deliver’d within the
Fortnight before Chrijimas, for then the
Chriftning muft be putofFtill that which
is our third o f Jarmary, they following
the old Account without the alteration
o f the ten Days. Then they crcQ. three
Scaffolds cover’d on the R iver Sanderu,
and a fort o f Altar on the middlemoft
o f them ; and on Chriftmas Day in the
Morning before Sun riling, alt the A r-
menian Clergy o f Zulfa being there with
their Vcftments, Crofles and Banners;
the Crofs is thrice dipp’d in the R iver,
throwing in holy Qyl every tim e; then
having faid the Baptifmal Prayer, the
Priefl: plunges the Infant into the cold
R iv e r W ater, with the ufual fort o f
W ords and other Ceremonies.
'Ovl- T he holy O yl they ufe is not of Olives,
Hoiy y * but o f feveral Flowers, (elpecially of the
Flow er o f Paradice, by them call’d B e-
ktfan-Ttghe) and other Sweets. It is
Blefs’d on the Eve o f the N ativity o f our
blefled Lady , and then the Patriarch
diftributes it throughout Europe, Afia,
and A frick.
, _ Being invited to a W edding that was
Marriages. tQ be at Zu[fa on tburfeisty the yth, I
went thither betimes, and flay’d to Din-
ner with the R e& or of the Jefu its. Then
being fent for we went to the Bride-
grooms Houfe, where there was a great
number o f his Kindred and Friends. He
mounting a Horfeback with a great A t-
tendance went to receive the Bride, who
being alio mounted on a Horfe richly fet
out with jew els ; they went together to
the Church, follow’d by abundance o f
Kindred a Horfe-back with lighted Flam-
boys in their Hands. They alighted be-
fore the Church and went up flrreight to
the Altar, where Handing clofe Face to
Face , the Bilhop read in a Book that
relied on their Heads, and having re-
ceiv’d their Confent gave them his Biefi-
fing with the noife o f Drums and other
barbarous Inftruments. Then having
heard Mafs, they return’d in the fame
Order.
,
<SL
Book 1.
It is to b eob ferv’d that the Armenians
marry their Daughters very Young and
almoft in their Infancy, for fear the King
Ihould take them into the Aram . The
Mothers generally make the contrad,
and then acquaint the Fathers with it.
When it is concluded, the Bridegroom’s
Mother goes with two aged Women
arid a Prieft to the Brides Mothers, and
gives the Ring from her Son; foon after
he comes, and is blefs’d by the Prieft
together with the G ir l; and then they
all drink m errily. After this Betroath-
ing, the Bridegroom is oblig’d every
Year at Eafier to fend the Bride a G ar-
ment fuitable to her quality. When
they are to celebrate the Nuptials, the
Husband’s Father fends aMeal three Days
before to the Mother in Law s Houfe;
where the Kindred on both fides meet,
tile Men in one Room and the Women in
another. T h e next Day the Bridegroom
fends the Bride a Garment, and then goes
to receive that the Mother in Law gives
him, or the eldeft Kinfwoman, who is
alfo to put it on the fir It time,
W hen an Armenian the M ordi- £Un. fj4,
/cih, or w afherof the Dead takes a Vef-
fel o f holy W ater out o f the Church,
and pours it into t he Pool where the Bo-
dy is to be wafh’d, which done he takes
all he had on, and puts him on a white
Shirt and other Linnen, all new, fowing
him up befides in a new Sack. Then the
Priefts accompany’d by all the Kindred
with lighted Candles in their Hands, con-
vey the Body to the Church, before the
A ltar, and a Priefl having laid lame
Prayers, they place the Candles about it,
and leave it. fo all Night. In the Morn-
ing, after faying Mafs it is carry’d before
the Archbifhop’s, or Bifhop’s Door, that
he may fay the Lord’s Prayer for the Soul
departed. T h is done it is carry’d to the
Church-yard, the Bifliop and Priefts ling-
ing feveral Prayers by the W ay, till it
is lay’d in the Grave. Then the Bifhop,
taking up a Handful o f Earth throws it
on the Corps , faying thrice. From
Earth thou camefi, and to Earth thou jhalt
return ; remain there till the coming of
our Lord. Then they fill up the Grave.
When the Kindred and Friends return
home they find a good Dinner, made *
ready, and among the richer fort they
treat the Priefts and Monks for feven
Days.
When a Bilhop dies, befides the afore-
laid Ceremonies, after Mafs they put a
Paper into his Hands, with thefe W ords
w rit on it, Remember that thou camefi
from Earth, and Jhalt return to Earth. I f
a
W '*
Chap. IK Of PE R S I A.
f x A ^ a Slave dies, his M ailer writes on fuch a
GemelU. piece o f Paper, that he is not difpleas’d
16 9 4 * he (hould have his Freedom, and that
he gives him his Liberty. I f any one
kills himfelf, they do not carry him out
at the D oor o f the Houfe, but break
down the W all and bury him without a-
ny Ceremony.
On the Eve o f the Feaft o f the holy
Crofs, both Men and W omen go to the
Church-yard with good Provifions, and
fpend all the Night there, lamenting a
while, and then Eating and D rinking
CHAP.
The Coronation of Scia-Oflen, and the Mangelcs, or Audience afterwards given
to the Ambaffadors and Nobility.
p n P He Hour the A ftro lo S ers thought
tionfor - L fortunate for the Crowning o f the
the Kings oew K ing drawing near, on Fryday 6th,
Coronati- he put out an Order that all who had any
on. Shops in the Bazars fhould fet up Lights
before them, and flay there till Midnight,
upon forfeiture o f tw elve Tomans. I
, • had the cut ioiity to go about at N ight
to fee thefe Lights with a Perfian Lord ;
and having w alk’d about feveral Streets
found nothing extraordinary, there be-
ing only Tallow Candles burning in the
Shops, without any Firew orks, or W a x -
Flambeaus. The Bazars fhow’d well,
rather fo r their length than the number
o f Lights. T h is I Suppos’d to be becaufe
the Perfa n s rather fear than love their
K in g, and therefore it is not ftrange
that the fame Day Scia-Sellon dy d there
were publick W eddings kept in IJpahan.
I thought 1 fhould have feen fomething
great in the M eidan, the place being fo
proper for it, but was dilappointed.
W hilft they expected the happy Hour,
w e went in at the Gate o f Alacapi.
W ithin it are two large Arches, which
fiipport a great Strudure feveral Stories
high especially the ftcond o f them, o-
ver which on the left Hand is the Hall
whither the V izier, the Nahah, and the
Axond came to adminifter Juftice on the
D ays appointed.
Going further in along an uncover’d
W ay but W a ll’d on both fides, with
Arches along them, is a Pond o f W a te r ;
on the left is the Door that leads to the
Garden, where the dead K ing’s Body
was wafh’d, and on the right the Rooms
o f thofe that have taken Sanduary, and
both thefe Doors were guarded by Sofis,
who pray’d for the King.
V o l.lV .
M /
%L
T47
m errily and there is no poor Body in
the C ity that omits doing this.
T o conclude this Chapter, I fay, tha
Armenians firm ly adhere to their ancient
Cuftoms and the Chri/lian F a ith , not-
withftanding the infinite P erfection s
rais’d againft them by the Mahometans.
V ery few o f them have imbrac’d the
Mahometan Religion, blinded by Intereftj
fo r the Renegado is puc into polfellion
o f all his Kindreds Goods, and even o f
his Fathers, who mull afterwards liv e
upon his Sons courtelie.
IX.
T akin g the opportunity o f the N ight TheKines
I went to fee the K in g’s great Mofch, it Mofch.
being forbid to go into it in the D ay. A
great Gate cover’d with Plates o f Silver
leads into the firfl A rch, which has o-
thers on the lides making a Semicircle,
and all o f them make the way into the
Cloifter. T here is a curious Bafon or
Fountain o f Stone, and a double rank o f
Pillars about, with Rooms on the firff
Floor for the Mullachs and other inferior
Officers to live in. Oppofite to the
forefaid G ate, there are three beautiful
Doors to go into the Mofch. A ll the
outlide o f the Stru&ure hitherto de-
fcrib’d o f the two T o w ers without, and
o f the tw o joyning to the Mofch, is a-
dom ’d with Bricks, or T ile s artificially
Colour’d, as is us’d in Perfia. T h e five
Ifles the Mofch is compos’d o f are adorn’d
with Gold and A zure. In the middle-
mofl which is the largelt, is the Cupula
fupported by four very great fquare P il-
lars. T h ofe on the fides which are low -
er, reft on thick Columns o f freestone.
T w o great W indows give Light to the
Mofch ■, they are plac’d in that part o f
the W a ll o f the middle Ifle, which is
higher than the fide Arches. A t the
end o f the Mofch is a good Jafpar Stone
fix’d in the W all, eight fpans high and
four in breadth. T h ere were no Lamps
hanging, as is us’d by the tu r h \ but
there were good Carpets on the Ground,
and on the left o f the Niche the Pulpit,
with curious Stone-fteps up to it.
Being weary o f walking through fb
many Bazars, we went under the Bel],
on the North fide o f the M eidan, into
a Coffee-Houfe , diverting our felves
with fmoaking till the Fortunate hour
T x was
111
( fP S M , r \
\KM - xt'
"t A Voyage round the W O R L O.
rv A -O was come. In the mean while a foolifh
Gvnelli Mullah fitting down without an upper
i 5 o+. Veft and Turbant, very gravely began a
v^A o speech in commendation o f Scia-Abas
the Great, and o f Scia-Sofi, extolling
their Actions and Conqtiefts. He grew
fo hot in his Panegyrick, that he cry’d
out like a Madman, and roar’d like a
Bull, foaming at the Mouth, efpedally
when he mention’d any particular E x-
ploit, the Hearers applauding him by'
clapping their Hands, and Pipes. I his
coafuiion lafted two Hours, after which
the Mullah went about gathering an
Alms of one or two Cafhis a Head, and
carry’dofF two A b a ft.
Tlie The hour the Aftrologers thought
Kina’s In-aufpicious being come,which yet was un-
augurati- lucky byreafbn of the Rain, about half
on. au Hour after Midnight, there was heard
an ungrateful found o f D rum s, and
Trumpets, playing to Seia-Offtn, then
feated on the T hron e} and in this mean
manner was the Coronation of fo great
a King Solemniz’d. It is, to fay the
Truth,° improper to call it a Coronation
o f Mahometan Kings, becaufe they life
no Crown, and this Ceremony is only
receiving the Homage o f the Nobility,
T hey faid that the King being advis'd
to take the Name o f Scia-Ifm ad, an-
fwer’d, W hy, have not I a name o f my
ov6\n > A t the perfuafion o f the Axond
he confirm’d the donative o f 14000 To-
mans granted by his Father to the Sub-
ieds but never raid.
Saturday 7th, the new King prohi-
Wine for- bited the life o f W ine upon Fain o f
bid* Death beginning by his own Houfe,
where he broke all the Vefleh his Father
had kept it in. I believe this feverky
did not Lift long, thofe Princes being
too much given to W ine 3 and Drunlt-
ennefs is a Vice they transfer to their
Succeflbrs with the Crown.
A Rich Sunday Sth, the Son o f the G. Mogul
Prefen t. fent the King a Pifches-, or Prefeat o f
2000c Tomans value, confilting o f an
Elephant, a Silver -Cittern, and a great
Gold Basket fet with Jew els, made like
thofe the Per flans carry Fruit in.
The Kina A t length the King appear’d in Pub-
hisGeae? lick on Mu»day9 th, clad in Red, having
rofity. fjrf{ ecnefoufly cliftributed 2000 rich
Garments among the Nobility,and Cour-
tiers, according to their feveral qualities,
Tuefday 10th, two Wretches were
Snt taken drinking o f W ine, and tho’ they
pleaded Ignorance o f the Edift, they
were dreadfully beaten in the M eidan,
till the Nails o f their Toes dropt off;
and they loft much Blbod 3 and yet they
Ke? .
§L
• ■■'.■■
Book 1.
faid it was a Merciful P aoiiln xn t, in re-
gard of the Fellows ignorance, and
iimphcity.
Underftanding on Wtdntfday n t h , m H aU
that the King made the M angles, that « Audi-
is, gave Pubhck Audience, and an En- cnc-
tertainmeilt over and above, 1 went to
the Polijh AmbafTador, and with him to
the Palace. W e entred at the Gate of
AU-Capi, with the ufuaMifpleafing har-
monyy and afeending tour lfeps found
the room of Audience was longiih, with
the R o o f we!! painted and G ilt, fup~
ported by 40^ Pillars. 1 he lengch of
this Hall is divided into thiee parts, each
a ftep higher than the other, for the
N obility to ftand according to their
Rank and Quality. On the 3d aJcent
Rands the Royal Ihrone raise! but two
Spans above the Floor, and eight Foot
Square. W e found the King fitting on a
brocard Cufliion, and leaning his back
againft fuch another. On hisiides Rood
ten Eunuchs, holding his Pipe, Scimi-
ter, and feveral ocher things, in this
fame part o f the Room, ten Spans from
the King, Rood the Am ath-D uU t, the
K ilar-A gafi, the Cttrfi-Baki, the Super-
jelar, and other great Men. In the mid-
die part o f the Room Rood the Chams
or Governors of Provinces, anc. the
KiJil-Bafcis, or Military Officers, in
the lower part were thole that play d on
feveral Barbarous inftroments.
When the Pope’s and Folijh Ambaiia-
dors came in, the Memundar, or Matter
o f the Ceremonies made them bow their
Foreheads to the Ground, and tne fame
when they were before the Throne,
Then the King made a fign for them to
fit, and they were jplacd among the
Chains, as were we o f their retinue,
Whilff: the Dinner was getting ready,
the K in g was inform’d by the A t math-
1Dtdet, who they were,and what brought
them into Perfia.
About an hour after th e 'fa b le was The Din*
cover’d after the manner of the Country; ner.
that is, every Body fitting crofs-leggd,
each had a piece of Silk laid before turn,
with a Skin over it. Firlt came leveral
forts o f Fruit, and Sweat-meats in Gold
Dilhes. Then three great Bafons o f
Pilau, red, white, and yellow, *.ovei a
with Pullets and other Flelh, which was
diftnbuted in Gold Hates. I being at
the AmbafTadors Table, eat no Ptlatb
becanfe I cannot endure Batter, and
therefore tailed only fome F m rfe a fo n d
with Sugar or Vinegar. 1 he R in g had
the fame Dyet on a Table cover d with
Cloth o f Gold. All Perfons eat them
111 §L
"Chap. X. ..Of P E R S l~Ai T 49
Meat in Baft, becaufe the Feaft was but the King fifes to divert him fclf when he
Gernelh. fhort after the manner o f the Levant, is to undertake a Journey, till the for-
1694. T h ey drink a great deal o f Limonade, tunate hour appointed by the Aftrolo-
and Rofe-water with Sugar-eandy. gers for him to fet out. Short o f it 1
A fter dinner about noon, the Audi- Law a good Mofch, with the ufual O r-
ence was difmifs’d, and every one went nament o f colour’d-bricks, but the Tovv-
his way. W hen the King ftood up, [ ers threatned Ruin. In the Garden we
obferved, he wore a long Garment o f a found great variety o f Fruit, but not
Gold colour, with a Girdle and Turbant very good becaufe o f the thicknefs o f
TheKing. after the Ferftan manner with a rich Jew - the T rees, which ftarve one another
el o f Diamonds in it. He was about 25 T here is a little Brook enclos’d within
Years o f A ge, rather Short than T all, a Canal o f Stone, and in the midft o f it
his Eye-brows thick, his Complexion a little Summer Houfe for the K in ?
fair, and lus Beard black. T h is Strudureconfifts o f a great Square
Stables A s we went out, the Polijh Amballa- A rch, with a Fountain o f good Marble
andHor- dor was pleas’d to fhow me the King’s in the middle and four Doors on the
ies. Stables and Horfes. T here were no- fides. Near the four Angles at the bot-
ble Creatures, with Gold Troughs be- tom, there are four little Rooms, and
tore them, and great Pins or Nails o f eight on the upper-floor. T h e Arches
the fame Metal about to tye them by are all G ilt and Painted with Figures
the Feet, as is the cuftom o f Perfia. W e drinking, or Women (bowing all their
did not mind to fee the reft becaufe it parts naked through Tranfparent veils
was then late, but were told there were On one fide o f the Garden is a little A *
in all 15 0 0 Horfes, as well for the King’s ram, enclos’d with high Walls and a
Service (for whom two are to ldand rea- fmall Garden in it. All the Houfe con-
dy faddled every day) as for the Ladies lifts o f one large Hall, four little Rooms
in the the Eunuchs, and other and a Gallery indifferently furnifVd as
Courtiers. By the great Gate there is all the reft. ’
were alfo Lions ferv’d in G old, like the Munday isth , at Night, F. Emanuel
HorfeS; . . . . ? n Augufiinim made his efcape privately,
Having waited on the Ambaflador to in order to go to Rome to do Pennance
bis H oufe, as I was returning to the for his offence. He being Vicar o f the
M onaftery, I met a great Multitude o f Monaftery four Years before, hadfquan-
Horfemen going o ff Moft o f them to der’d a great deal o f Mony idly, and
lhow they were the King’s Officers had therefore fearing the Anger o f his Supe-
a little Drum hanging to the Pummel o f rior, turn’d Mahometan, to the great
the Saddle, and the rim o f ie Silver, T rouble o f all the Portuguefes, taking the
which they beat when they want to be Name o f Ajfan-Culibech?.
aided^ and affifted in Bufinefs o f the T h e K in g having been fhut up in the
K >5 SV , , r , A ram from his Infancy, it was known on
Mint. Tburfday 12th , I went to fee the Mint Tuefday 17 th , that they taught him to
o f Jfpahan, near the Houfe o f the E n - ride in the Garden, that he might ap-
jrlijh. Here they Coin A bafis, Mamudys, pear in Publick. This is the Policy o f
and Relays, after the fame manner as at the Perfian Court, contrary to the Pra-
T aurii ayd\ Erevan. Fryday 13 th , 1 only d ice o f the reft o f the W orld j for even
d in d with F. E lia s; and Saturday 14th, the greateft Men are kept ignorant,
went a Shooting, and brought home a- whether there is a Succeffor to the Crown
bundance o f Pigeons. or n o t; the Eunuchs keeping the fecret
TheGar- Sunday 15th , the Prior and I with all in v io la b ly , and having the care o f
den. the Fathers went out o f T o w n to fee the King’s Children in the Womens
the Garden o f Bacb-Xofcb-cuna, where apartment.

4
CHAP. X.
O f the Royal Garden of Sarafabet, and the Audience of Leave given the Pop?s
and K jng <?/Poland’* Ambajfadors.

cinia?* \ \ [ E d n e fd a y 18tb, I went to Z ulfa, W ay. T h e King goes to it from the

J V and as I return’d law the Garden Gardens o f Ifpahan over a Bridge o f 14
' ° * ^arasabat, which is on one fide o f the Stone Arches, (upon the R iver Sandem)
op-

<
5i
f(D!
\*xs= s^ /
'
_■ ■ ■ - ■ - , , •• ■■ ---- '■
x^o A Voyage round the VV O R L D .
< X A ^ oppofite to which, on Z u lfa fide, is a
Cemctli. Gallery,-whofe R o o f is fupported by 20
169 4. wooden Pillars G ilt ; where the K in g
when he is taking his Pleafure receives
Ambafladors. In it are the fame D in -
lions as in the Hall at I ff ahan, a fine
Fountain, arid 3 Rooms behind the R o y -
al Throne. It has alfo Communication
with another Gallery towards the G a r-
den.
in this Garden there is a thick W ood
o f Fruit-trees o f feveral fo r ts ; a Stone
Canal, with little Fountains in the mid-
die, and two great ones at the e n d s;
and a little Houle built after the fame
Model as that in the Garden o f Bach-
Xofch-Cuna. T h e Aram is clofe by the
R iv e r with fmall Rooms, without any
thing valuable about them.
Having no more to fee after Dining,
on Tharfday 1 9th, with the D ire& or o f
the Dutch Company, I went on Friday
20th, to viiit the Superior of the French
A u d ie n c e Carperis.- Saturday 21 ft, the Polijh A m -
of Leave, baflador fent betimes to know whether
I would go with him to his Audience,
Know ing it was to take his leave, and
being curious to fee the cuftom us’d
there, I drefs’d my f d f immediately, and
mounting a Horfe-back went to the Am -
baffadors, w ith my own and the Priors
Servant. W e ftay’d an hour for the
M a fte r o f the Ceremonies, and 5 Hor-
fes the K in g ufed to fend, and then we
mounted, the Ambaflador honour’d me
w ith the next place to himfelf. T h e
T ra in conlifted o f 19 Perfons afoot,
arm ’d w ith Muskets, o f 20 a Horfe-
back, and others, in all to the Number o f
do. W e alighted at the G ate o f A la-
Capi, where w e found, four T y g ers, fe-
veral Lions, and 4 Elephants, tw o great
and tw o fmall ones, cover’d with Cloth
o f G o ld , all in a row. T h e Elephant
prefented by Hcibar the (7. M ogul’s Son,
which had been firft given him by Scia-
Sdemon, had a great Silver feat on his
back, as is ufual for thofe Creatures to
carry. Having pafs’d through the firft
and fecond Arches, a place was ap-
pointed us to ftay till the time o f the
Audience. T h is place was two Spans
higher than the other floors, and co-
v e r’d with good Carpets. In the inner
part fate the Ambailador o f the K in g
p f the lmans, an Arab, whofe Kingdom
is near Mecca, and came to perfuade
the Perfian to make W ar with the hnan
o f M afcatt in Arabia Felix. On the op-
polite fide was the Armenian the Pope’s
Ambaflador, and the Provincial o f the
Dominicans, with another Friar.
'j
.
.. •
*, ’ : -v<j&9f l
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* | Aft
§l
w3 iVft’; jP" £
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Book 1.
another A rch on the right, fat, after a
barbarous manner, the Erabaflador o f
the K in g o f the Vsbeks with his R e -
tinue. W b ilft we were here, the Fa-
mily of Hecbar pafs’d by, being about
40 Per fons clad in Silk and G old, with
their little Turbants, after the Indian
Falhion, made o f the firieft Silk, the
K in g having fent for them,
T h e K in gs o f P erfa ufe to give A m ­
baffadors four Calates, or rich long
Gowns at their firft and Jail Audiences,
whereas the Turk gives them only at the
firft ; but the Polijh Ambaflador had but
one that Morning, becaufe he had re-
ceiv’d the four in the Reign o f Scia Sele-
man, when he was difmifs’d by the A t-
math-Dulet. N ow that difnnfling having
taken no effed, by reafon of the K in g’s
Death, and other Canfes already men-
tion’d, 1 thought it not confonant to
the G enerality o f fa great a K in g, to
reckon upon thofe he had given before.
T hat he had was o f Cloth o f Gold, af-
ter the Perfian manner ; an upper V eil
o f Pearl Colour Silk, with G old Stripes,
made like a Cope, and a T urbant, and
Safh o f Silk andG old, and long Sleeves,
T h e K in g had fent Hecbar a Prefent
worth 3000 Tom ans; that is 2000 in
G old and Silver, and 10 00 in Silks, with
1 2 G arm en ts; but that Prince excus’d
him felf from going to the Audience, till
40 D ays after the late K in g’s Death, and
that his Beard was grow n, which he had
cut a little in token o f G rief. ,
T h e Popes Ambaffador had three G ar-
meats ; T h a t he wore was o f Cloth o f
Silver, the upper Veil of Cloth o f G old ,
and the Sails and Turbant o f Silk and
Gold. T h e other two the Dominicans
wore were as rich, but o f other Colours,
The Vsbek Ambaflador had his G ow n or
Caflack o f Cloth o f G old flower’d, and
the upper V eit, call’d by the Perfa n s B a-
lapufe, o f Cloth o f Silver' T w o P e r-
fons o f his Retinue wore the other two
Garments given him, which were o f dif-
ferent Colours. But his T urbant was
after his Country falhion, fmall and fnarp
at the T o p with a black Feather in the
middle.
A fte r we had been above an Hour in
this indecent Place, hemm'd in w ith Ser-
vants and Footmen, at length the A udi-
ence began by the Ambaflador o f the
K in g o f the lm ans, who was clad in his
own Cloaths after the Turkijh falhion ,
having had no Calata or Garm ent given
him. A fte r him we went into the G ar-
den, about fifty Paces from the A rch
In where the Audience was, but were fain
to
KD .
W §L
Chap. X. ^ Of P E R 8 I A. ijt
rv A ^ n to ftay a while by a Fountain before we mention’d in the other Hall. When the
G tm lli. were introduc’d to the King. T his Gar- Ambafiador came within fix Paces o f the
1694. den is about fifty Yards fquare, and has King, he fet his Hands on the Ground,
O 'V 'v J four Allies making a Grofs, adorn’d with . bowing down his Forehead almoft to the
tall C im r T rees. On the fide adjoyning Pavement. When he Pood up again the
to the Talar-Tevile, or Hall o f Audience, Atmath-Dnlet came before him, and tak-
is a curious Fountain, about twenty Spans ing a Letter out o f a Gold Bafon that
in.length, with a little rais’d Place in the was at the Kings Feet with other Letters
middle for the K in g and great Ones to and abundance o f Flowers, deliver’d it
Hand cool. A t the end o f the Fountain to the Ambafiador, who with great Sub-
which reaches to the Hall, there were million k id ft on his Head. Then the
two great Silver Vefiels. In the adjoyn- Mesmndar and Mailer o f the Ceremonies
ing Alley two hundred Topfcis o* Muf- took, it and plac’d k on his Turbant, that
ketiers o f the Kings were drawn ufj in a it might be weH' letm by' all People, t h e
R an k; fome Giarci or Executioners with Letter was cover’d with Cloth o f Gold
Clubs on their Shoulders ; at the end as is us’d among the Eaftern Nations,
whereof wasa Globe cover’d with Silver, two Spans in length, and proportiona-
call’d Topus; and then foSte Softs, who h it in Breadth. Having receiv’d the I et-
had the lame fafiiioifd Caps as the G iar- ter, and Compliment o f leave by the
cisy but differing from them in that they Mouth o f the Atmatb-Dulet, he tn de
were cover’d with Silk. Linder tile W all fuch another Obeilance as lie had done Be-
o f the Hall flood twenty Horfes with all fore, and was by the fame Officers recon-
their Furniture adorn’d with great D ia- duffed down to the Garden,
moods, Rubies, Emeralds and other The Pope’s A mbafiadors went in next
Stones o f great Value. The Stirrups and we flay’d in the Garden till he came
were of maflive G o ld , and the wOrfl out, that we might all go away toge-
Saddles cover’d with Cloth o f G old, with th e r; frnce being difhiifs’d we were not
Nails o f the fame Metal. to ftay to the King’s Mangcles or Din-
T h e Audience Chamber was not the her. Befides the great Letter for the
fame we were in before, being a great: Pope, his Ambafiador had a fmall one
Room joyning to the Garden, as has been for the Republick o f Venice.
laid, the W alls o f it Painted and G ilt, Returning home, with the admira-
and adorn’d with Looking-glafles, as tion o f the Europeans who faw thofe *
were the four woodden Pillars which fup- Letters on the Turbants, the Polijb Am -
ported a fmall Scaffold. In the midfl bafiador honour’d me with his Table,
was a Fo ra tain, and at the end a? it we*-® winch was much better, than the ill
a great -m w u cto iet, containing the drefs’d Pilau the others were eating at
Royal Throne fourteen Spans fquare. Court, tho’ in Gold diffies. A t this
On that fide next theGarden feveral Mu - ftcond Audience I took better notice o f
' ficians fat on Carpets playing upon vari- the King. He was tender and o f a punV
cty o f Inftruments , whilft others fang Conftitution, had a little Face beauti-
after a barbarous Manner. W e afeend- ful Eye-brows, black Eyes, and a black
«d from the firft part o f the Room where but ffiorc Beard. He had on a Gown o f
thefe People were, to thefecond, as was red Cloth o f Gold, with a ffiort veil 0-
deferib’d a the other Hall, where leav- ver it o f a Gold colour, without Sleeves,
ing us, the Ambafiador was led by the call’d in the Perft an Language Curdi; on
right Arm by the Memondar, and by the the right fide o f his Turbant he wore
left by the Efcicagafi-Bafci, who is great a Herons Feather upon a Jew el o f
Porter, or Mailer o f the Ceremonies, rich Diamonds,
up to the King. His Majefty late on a Sunday 22d, 1 hear’d Mafs at the
CufhiOii upon good Carpets, and had two Bare-foot Carmelites, which was all I did
other Brocard Cufhions at his Back. A - that day worth remembring.
bout him flood many Eunuchs, as was

The End of the Firfi BO O K ,

A VO Y -

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T . . ; . , ; ... , ' ' ; r ; 3 . . . . _ (

©I §L
/ / y — ' nS \ - ^

152 A Vyage round the W O R L D . Book II.

V O Y A G E
Round the W O R L D,
By Dr. John Francis Gemelli Careri.
PART IL
Containing the moft Remarkable Things he law in
P E R S I A

B O O K tt
CHAP. I.
The Doleful F efiivd kept by the Perfians for the Death of Haffan,
and Hoflen.

C X A -o, ’ll. JTO nday 23d, the new Mnnn of 24th. who had been Badonado’d to
G e m e lli. j\ / I Augnfi appearing, began the Death, were it for hi« Nimble-
15 9 4 . . L t J L much fpoken of, and lamen- nefs in Cutting himfelf up. W hat they
table Fedival the Perfians keep for the did on Wtdnefday 25th, was Ridiculous.
Death o f Hajfan, and Hoffen, the Sons They made a Figure o f Straw wound
o f H ali, who were kill’d by Omar, near about with Cords, let it on an A ls, and
Doleful Bagdat. During the ten D ays it lads, carry’d it all about the Tow n, beat-
reftlvaL every Square is fet out with Lights, and ing it 3 fometimes calling it Omar, and
a long black Banner is flying abroad, fometimes Abumurgian, his Companion,
near which a M ullah gets into a high A t lad in a hellifh Rage they.kill’d the
Pulpit to Preach, making the hideoufed poor A ls, and in that one Maulkin of
N oife in the W orld. A ll the Inhabi- Straw burn’d both the Murderers of
tants o f that Quarter go to hear him, their two Holy Youths 3 which found me
. clad in Silk red and blew Gowns, in to- fomething to Laugh at on Thurfday 26th,
ken o f Sorrow 3 after filling their Bel- with the Ambaflador, and F. Elias.
lies with all forts o f Fruit the Seafon Friday 27th, after Dinner I went to The
affords. The W om en, who in all Coun- Z ulfa, to Vi fit F. Boucher, Superior of King’sRe-
tries are o f the fame Tem per, yield the the Jefuits Million. Returning home tinue*
M ullah’s great Profit, giving them Mo- through Sciarbach Road, or Street, I met
n y , Sweat-meats, and Rofe-water to the K in g riding to Sarafabat Garden on
cool them when they are heated with a Bay Horfe, with Furniture o f a vad
Preaching. Value in Gold and Jewels. He was clad
T ill the lad D ay o f the doleful Fe- in V iolet colour Silk, and was attended
d iva l, by the Perfians, call’d A fciur, or by at lead a thouland Horfe between
Mourning is over, no Turk can appear Gentlemen and Soldiers, befides a hun-
in Publick, without great danger o f his dred F o o t, as may appear in theadjoyn-;
Life. I my felf faw one on Tuefday ing Cut.
. _ f, I W hen-
* ' I " ,V A'. .i '

ISV
111 '
Chap. I. Of PER s i A~~~~
f>w \ ^ W henever the K in g goes Abroad, ten
Gemdli. Horfe go half a Mile before to clear
,5 p +. the way ; but when he is to carry his
W om en with him, they riding a Horfe-
back, and Bare-fac’d, Proclamation is
made two Days before fo r all Men to
be out o f the w ay, and not prefam e to
be feen in that Street upon pain o f
D eath, which is executed without M er-
Cyr
A pleafant To this purpofe they tell the good
Paffags.’ Fortune of a Country-Man, and the ge-
nerous Goodnefs of Scia Selemon. The
Pea fant was coming out of the Country
with his Afs loaded with Peaches, and
meeting unexpectedly in the Street, or
Road of Sciarbuch, with the King, afid
having no Place to Retire to, he fell
flit, or-i his Face upon the Ground, with
his Eyes dint. Scia-Sdemon perceiving
the poor Man’s Simplicity, and being
well pleas’d with it, commanded him
to rife. His Fear was fo great, that he
Icarce could be peifwaded to obey the
third Command, and the King turning
to his Women, bid every one of them
cake feme of the Peaches, and give the
Pea lane a Zecchine. This done, he or-
der’d him to take which foever of thofe
Women he lik’d for his Wife y and
thus, tbo* at firfl he was fbie, be went
home with the finelt Woman in Ptrfia,
and his Purfe full, to his Cotragb, Whence
he came out alone, and Poor.
Saturday 28th, the Portuguefe Fathers
where 1 Lodg’d, celebrated the Feflival
of St. which the Polijh Am-
ballador, V. Pitas, and feveral, Religi-
g u s , and Fhnwfc-Men were prefent, and
were treated at a plentiful Dinner. Stm~
day 29th, 1 went to fee E Raphael, Sir-
perior of the Gapucmt of Ifpaban, who
ever fince the Reign of Scia-Jbas the
Second, ferv’d as Interpreter for’” the
Letters, fihd to the AmbafladorS of Eit-
ropean Princes, He was about eighty
Years of Age, and had reiided 47 at
JfpJtan, which made me fpend feveral
Hours with him, to he inform'd in the
Affairs of the Perjian Empire; as know-
ing no Man could give a better, or
truer Account. Tavernier in his Tra-
vels through Perfia, often fpeaks of this
Voi. IV.
|d'■
<SL
~ |I 1
Religious Man. Monday 39th, I vilited
Jam a Norghcamer, Director o f the Dutch
Com pany, and D in ’d with him, the time
o f my D eparture now draw ing near,
Tuefday 3 iff, I D in ’d with the Ambafla-
dor, to whom f was much ob lig’ d,
Wedhefday the i d of September, being mffin'%
the Feflival o f Hajfan, and Hofteny call’d FeftLyal,
by- the Perfans Catl, that is, M urder \
the King made a M angles, or Enter-
tainment over the Gate o f Jlacapi, at
which all the Nobility and AmbafTadors
were prefent. T h e Horfes and wild
Bealls were rang’d in order before the
Palace, as they had been the time be-r
fo re; and all the Meidan was clear’d
from Shops, to make room for above a
thou fand Horfes belonging tothofc great
Men that were come to the Fealt. Se-
vbfal Prdcelfiohs from all Parts of the
Town began to enter the Meidan be-
times. They carry’d Pikes of a vaR
length, with Banners faftned to them,
and Horfes loaded with the Arms and
Turbarits of tHeir fuppos’d M artyrs,
tinging doleful Verfes to the Noife ot
two Batons beaten at the fame time, and
Dancing in a very Ridiculous manner,
Some carry d the Images of thofe very
Martyrs on Beers, Dancing about them y
Others carry’d two Children ty d on a
Camel, as if they were Dead, with two
faddled Horfes led by, bn which were-
the Arms or Weapons us’d, as they
thought, by thofe Children, whoDy'd
at nine, of ten Years of Age. AH rbefe
Proceilious pafs’d before the Gallery
where the King was, thofe blind People
beating themfelves feverdy, to fepre-
tent the Murder the more lively.. Many
of them made nothing o f going home
with their Pleads broke, or even of
Death it felf j becaufe they are fully
perfwaded that whofoever Dies in that
ConfullGfl, goes directly to Heaven;
the Gates thereof being open all thofe
ten Days for Mahometans. Manyof^thc
Ioofe People imitating the fuperftttioiis
Companies beat one another, and cut
their Flefh cruelly. The Owners of the
Shops had cool Water ready to give to'
thofe that were Thirfty, in memory
of the Third Hajfan and Hoff'en endur’d,
after their Father Hall was wounded,
U c H A P,
*
f(f)|
154 A Voyage round the W O R L D.
----------- ----------- -------- ----
c~, ..I...1- —<-l ■.I'-——
CHAP.
Of the Religion, Marriages and Habit, of the Per/ians.
Y N the Fer/ian Dominions there are
GcmelL Mahometans, Pagans, or Goris, Jew s,
1694- Chriftians, Armenians that follow N efiori-
V T O as, Melchites, Manichees, Franks, and
Catholick Armenians ; but the prevailing
Religion is the Mahometan, tho diffe-
ring from the Turks concerning the
true SucceJiors o f Mahomet. The Sun-
nis, or Ofmalis lay, that Abubaker was
immediate Succeffor to Mahomet, as his
'Vicar j lie was fucceeded by Omar, O-
tnarbyO fm an-M onuz-H ali; Nephew and
Son in Law to Mahomet, whofe Succef-
fors have propagated their Religion by
the Sword more than by Reafon, and
therefore the followers or this Sedt are
not allow d to difpute, but to maintain
lt b y io tceo f Arm s, as was laid before.
PerfunRe- 1 he Sc1ays, or H alis, which are the
ligion. Per/ians, cal!I the Turks Refefts, or Here-
in k s, and abhor the Names of Abuba-
her, Omar, nad Ofman, faying they u-
furp d the Inheritance due to B a li, M a-
hornet's Nephew and Son in Law. T h ey
count after him twelve Prophets, or
high Pi lefts, and beginning at B a li the
Son o f A btja leb , they give the fecond
t0 ° f H alrr
thrrd to Bu/fen bis fecond Son, who dy d
at Babylon in the Place call’d Hcrbela,
kill d by the Sunnism defence o f his Fa-
ther’s Inheritance, and therefore the Per-
f,ans keep his Anniverfary. T h e fourth
they fay was Imonzin-el-Abedin ■, the fifth
Mahomet d -B aker; the fixth Jafor-el-Sca-
d ek , who brought up the barbarous
Cuftom in Perjia, that whofoever turns
a Mahometan becomes Heir not only to
his own Fam ily, as was faid above, but
/ even to his G rand-Father; which is the
reafon that fome covetous Armenians em~
brace Mahometamfm, and fo their Bre-
thren follow their Example rather than
lofe theii Inheiitance. ThefeventhSue-
cefl'or was M ujfa-Katzim , the eighth A -
li-el-Rezza, whofe Tomb is at M afud,and
honour’d as much as Mahomet's-, the
math Mahomet-el-Jued the tenth B a li-
el-H ad i} the Eleventh Bozen-el-Askeri-,
and the twelveth Muhemanet-el M ohadi-
Sabed-Zarnan , concerning whom the
Per/ians believe as we do o f E-noc, and
f ’f f b ^nd therefore they leave in their
Wills Houfes ready furmfii’d, and Sta-
hies full o f Horfes, for him to make ufe
or them w*leJL Saeb-el-Zam an, that is,
the Lord or Time Ihall call him. T hefe
<SL
Book Ii
------- ——— ------- ---- -.. ___ _______ .
II.
Horfes are kept without doing any Ser-
vice, upon the Revenues left to thatPur-
pofe, and the Houles {hut up.
T h e Nahab is Head o f their Religion ; TheMh*
which dignity is worth 14 0 0 0 Tomans a
Year. In publick he takes place next to
the Atmath-Dulct or prime Minifter, and
difpofes as he pleafes o f the Legacies
left to Mofchs, which always turn to his
Profit. T here is no difference betwixt
the Perjian N ababand Turkifh great Muph-
ti, but that the former may pafs from
religious to civil Employments, which
the latter may not •, and therefore it has
often been feen that the Nabab or Sedre
has been made Atmath-Dulet. He has two
Judges under him, calhd the Sceik or
Axond, and the Ca/i, who decide all re-
ligions Matters, grant Divorces, and are
prefent at Contracts and publick Aeh^
appointing their Deputies in all the
Cities o f the Kingdom,
He that calls to Prayers is call’d Fifth-
namaz, whom the Turks call lman~, but TheP^ *
the Per/ians do not cry out to call to l'
Prayers from the top o f the T ow ers, but
from the Cupula or R o o f o f the Mofch.
T h e Doctors who are every Fryday to m„ m s.
expound the Alcoran, arc call’d Mullahs,
and by the Turks Bodgrias. Thefe are
molt compleat Hypocrites, for they al-
ways walk gravely, talk ferioufly and
when they meet any Body feern to pray •
laying a Cloth on the Ground, and upon
that a Stone or Clod o f Earth brought
from M ecca, which they kifs now and
then. T h is fuperftitious R elick is us’d
by all the Per/ians, as are aIfo certain lit-
tie illver Pipes ty’d to their A im s with
fome Sentence o f the Alcoran in them ,
or fuch like T riflle.
T he Per/ians like the Turks believe, Perfim
that after they are bury’d, two Angels, Belief,
the one call’d A nachir, and the other
Monchir, come and raife them to life as
far as the W aft, to examine them what
Good and Evil they have done; and ufe
them W ell or III accordingly, till Sahab-
el-Zam an, or the Lord o f Tim e comes,
who will kill T ed g a r, or Anticbrift
whofe Followers ihall go to Hell, and i f
repenting they turn back two Horns Ihall
grow out o f their H eads; after this itn-
mediately w ill follow the Refurredlion
o f the Flefh, which they call M aavedet-
Blurbs, the Souls and Bodies uniting to go
before the great Judge. But they fay all
Men
iff
5 } L?
III
Q ^U L Of t* E R S t A;
rsw-’OO Men muft pafs the Bridge o f Polftrai,
GmeSh which is iharper than a K n ife; and that
1694. the M ufl’d m m s will pafs as nimble as
K y y \)Birds , and the Infidels at firffc ftep
w ill fall under, the Bridge ; where there
is a R iver o f Fire and abundance o f De-
vils, who have Hooks to draw them in ;
which Opinion is fo fixt in the Hearts o f
the Perfa n s, that i f any Man denies ano-
ther what is his due, he prefcntly fays,
he will meet him at the Bridge o f Tolfe-
rat and laying hold o f his Garment
w ill not let him pafs till he is paid.
T h ey believe the Porter o f H eaven,
whom they call Rufodnt w ill open the
Door to them, near the great Fountain,
call’d K ofcr, where their Prophet w ill
give them to drink o f that W ater, out
o f a large L ad le; and that then they
{hall have a great number o f beautiful
W omen, created purpofdy for that end,
and delicious Meat of leveral T a fte s; but
that the Enjoyment o f the Women {hall
not proceed beyond Imbraces and KilTes,
and the Meat lhall digeft in odoriferous
Sweats, without turning to Excrements,
as it does in this W orld. Thefe Follies
were a great Diverfion to me, when I
was in the Company o f a Terfa n Lord,
and had thefe Queftions put to him.
,. T h ey fay their Women (hall be in Hea-
ofWomen ven in a place apart from the Men, and
to this purpofe the Prior o f the Monafte-
ry told me, that fome Portugaefes being
much importun’d by a Mullah to become
Mahometans , he ufing this Argument,
that unlefs they profefs’d his Faith they
would not go to the true Heaven, but
to that feparate place where the Terfum
Women w ere; they anfwer’d they would
be fatisfy’d to be there , and fo they
ftiak’d o ff the Mullah. He being after-
wards reprov’d by the Cadi for his Folly,
defended himfelfby faying, that another
Paradice would be made for the W o-
men, that they might not be among the
Chriftians.
W es T h e Perfans Marry their Children ve-
ry young. They are allow’d by their
Law four lawful W ives at once, one o f
which is the true one and .chief, and call’d
Zana-Codeft, the others they call Mothai
Beiides they may have as many Concu-
bines as they will and can maintain, ta-
ken from the quarter o f the Whores who
are call’d Caipe, which is in Ifpahnn knowri
by the name o f Baz.arnoi.chv, which pays
a duty to the King. They are taken for
a certain time, and the Contrad made
before a Judge. W hen the time is ex-
pir’d they are to continue chaft forty
Days, to fee whether they are with Child.
1 / Vol. IV .
K
§L
g r
They may alfo diakeufe o f their Slaves ;
and the Children born o f either o f them
are counted legitimate, as to inherit;
but with this difference that the Females
have but half the Portion o f the Males,
The Terfuns are fo amorous, that j_oy£
fometimes to Avow their L o v e , they
brand their Arms with red hot Irons,
like Bealls', perhaps to exprefs that no
Torm ent is fo great as that they endure
in their Mind. A Verfan Lord, my
Friend, took a pride now and then id
Ihowing me feveral fuch Marks o f Love
he had on his Arms, made for the Love
o f a Concubine , on whofe account he
was perpetually at variance with his
W ife. ^
Before the W ife is cari-y’d home (he
has her Cloaths fent her, and the Hus- ages.
band appoints her Portion. On the
W edding-Day; or rather the Night, the
Bridegroom goes to fetch her, attended
by his Kindred and Friends a Horfe-back,
with lighted Flambeaux ; and is met by
her half way, with the like Retinue o f
Women, who carry the Brides Apparel,’
with Mufick o f Drums, and Trumpets^
Being come to the Bridegroom’s Houfe,
a M dlah reads the matrimonial Contract,
and having perform’d the Nuptial Cere-
mony, the Women divert themfelves
the reft o f the Day in one Apartment,
and the Men in another. T his puts me
in mind o f Tavernier’s miftake, who
Tom. 1. Chap. 18. page 7 19 . fays, That
i f the Bridegroom has promis’d an extra-
vagant portion to gain the Bride, when foe
crimes, he fonts the Door, faying he will not
take her at that price, and will not receive
her unlefs an Abatement is made and a new
Cantratt fg n ’ d. For feveral Terfa n s o f
quality told me there was no fuch thing;
but that in fuch cafes the Bride’s Parents,
or Kindred underftanding how impoffi-
ble it is for the Husband to make good
his prom ife, moderate i t ; or elfe the
Judge does it that the Man may hot be
begger’d. I f in proceft o f time they
happen to difagree , the Woman de-
mands her dower call’d Tilacg, and being
agreed to part, they go before the C a f;
or Efcec-Ijlon who is the Doctor Ot the
Law , and in his prefence they difloRtd
the matrimonial Knot, and remain tree,
T his may be done three times;, after
which the Woman cannot be receiv’d
again, unlels fhe has firft been taken by
another* and put away: T he Husband
may put her away the fecond D ay, giv -
ing her the Tilacg and this is usd a-
mongall the Mahometans. F. Francis o f
5 . Jofeph, once Prior o f the Monaftery
■ n 2 Where
 ■ e°5 x
f(ff
” 7^6 A Voyage round the W O R L D.
fv jv ^ r> where I lay told me a comical Paflage
Gemelli. that happened at Bagora whilft herefided
169 4. there, as the King of Portugal's Envoy.
(, v) j\ n Arabian Lord falling out with one o f
A comical hij W ives, gave her the TilaC} but Love
Story‘ making him Joan repent, and there being no
havingher tillJhe had been with another, he
look'd out for the opportunity o f fome Stran-
per to he with her. This being told the T u r-
ki/h BalTa who was very amorous, he caus'd
a Stranger he lighted on to be richly Clad,
and fern hm to*the Arab as it were about
fome Other Affair. He feeing an opportuni-
ty offer’d o f bringing about his deftgn, after
enquiring into h it Condition, gave him an
account of his amorous Difiemper, and how
he might be cur'd by his means. The Place
and Time being agreed on without any diffi-
cutty, upon ptomife o f perpetual fecrecy9
the Stranoer cot the Woman into his Hands
and immediately deliver'd her to the Balia,
who put her into the Aram. The Stranger
was never heard o f again, and the deluded
Arab could never recover his Woman.
Habit A s for the Persian Habit the Cobayas,
or Veils before mention’d, reach down
below the Knee,and have ftreiglu Sleeves
down to the Hand W rift. They do not
ufe Buttons, but knot them with Rib-
bons under the left Arm, and under the
right Hip. Perfons o f Quality wear it
o f Silk, or Cloth o f G old, with a Silk
Salh that has Gold Flowers at the end o f
it 9 and over that another o f Silk and
extraordinary fine W oollen, which cofts
more than if it were Cloth o f Gold,
T h ey wear Shirts o f colour’d Silk, or
o f Cotton o f feveral Colours 9 as alfo
Breeches which reach down to their A n -
kies, and clofe, for they wear no Draw-
ers. Their Turbant is made o f very
fine Silk o f feveral Colours, embroider’d
CHAP.
O f the C iv il Governm ent, the M anners, and Funerals o f the
Admini- Y N Perga Juftice is done with Brevi-
ftrationof I £y and Severity, wichout fo many
Juftice. C oUnce]l0rS and Sollicitors , as are us’d
in Europe. T he Chams, or Governours,
have the Admiuiftration o f it in the Pro-
vinces 9 and they appoint a Deroga, or
Criminal Judge in every C ity, who has
under him an A atas to execute his Or-
ders. Belides the King appoints a D i-
van Beohy and a Kalanter, who is to look
that t(Te Subjects be not opprefs’d by
the Cham.
Murderers Murderers are punifh’d lpeedily and
with R igo r, for the Divan Beghy deli-
isG
§L
Book 11.
with G old and Silver at the Edges, and
Hands up like a Fan upon the Forehead.
T hefe Turbants are very heavy , and
fome o f them have lo much G old about
them, that they coft feven or eight hun-
dred Crowns o f our Mony, Upon the
V eil fome wear a loofe D ou blet, or
W aft-coat, without Sleeves call’d W ,
in W inter lin’d with Sables, or little
Lamb-Skins, brought from the Province
o f Korafon, curioufly curl’d. In the hard
W inter they add a long W oollen Robe
down to their Feet, with long Sleeves,
wove all in aPiece to keep out the Rain
the better 9 but fome Perfons o f Quali-
ty wear them o f Englijh Cloth, or Cloth
o f G old, lin’d with Ermins 9 they be-
ing very extravagant in their Expenc es.
A t their Safh hangs a Dagger, which
they call Cangiar, and the Nobility (ome-
times has it fet with Jewels. T h eir
Hofe are all o f a width 9 fome wear
them o f Cloth o f G old, or Woollen
Cloth, better Shap’d 9 but the PeafantS
wrap courfe Cloth feveral Tim es about
their Legs. Round the edge o f their
Socks, towards the Ancle, they few a
Piece o f Leather, that it may not be
torn by the Shagrine Shooes. Thefe
are made like our Slippers, w itha lharp
Iron four Fingers high under the Heel,
T he Vtrftan W omen differ little in
their Habit from the Men 9 for their
Veils are made open before, reaching
but half way the L eg, and their Sleeves
come down to the W rift. On their
Head they wear a little C ap , adorn’d
with precious Stones, if they be People
o f Quality, from which a Veil hangs
down behind, together with their T re f-
fes, their Breeches and Stockings are
like the Mens.
III.
Perfians.
vers them up to the Parties aggriev’d,
and they leading the Criminal to the
Place o f Execution, put him to Death
wich their own Hands, as they think fit.
It is allow’d to compound for Mony,
but it is fo dilhonourable to forgive the
W ron g on that Account, that this is
feldom or never praftis’d.
High-way-Robbers can expeft no
M ercy, and are Pumlh’d feveral ways,
Sometimes they hang them to a Camels
Saddle, with their Head down, and then
rip open their Belly. Sometimes they
immure the Criminal up to the Neck,
and
III
— < v \

Chap, III. 0/ P E R S I A . ____ x57

rC C ^ and leaving him a Pipe in his Mouth for
c Z u lli.
his la ft Comfort, let him dye in that
*694 miferabk manner * Co that lome Body
iS Y S ) patfine by in Companion cuts o ff his
Head Some are balled with burning
Bacon and then their Flefh cut in pieces
and diftributed about the publick Places ;
befides many other Torm ents horrid e-
ven in the Relation- T i s true thefc
Robberies feldora happen on the Roads,
becaufe o f theguard kept by the Rattan-,
but when they do, the Cham o f the Pro-
vince is oblig’d to pay the value o f what
v is Hole after four Months and ten
D iv s allow’ d him to find the Rob-
her ^ome Chants pay immediately, that
the’ Complaints may not come to the
K in s’s Ear
Thieves. A s for Thefts in Cities, the Criminal
ts tv ’d by the Feet to a Camels Saddle
( %*vas faid before) and his Belly being
rino’d up he is fo carry’d about the pttb-
lick Places the C ryer proclaiming that
the King has punifh’d him for fuch an Of-
fence A fter this round, i f he be not
vet dead they hang him up at the next
T re e and when he has expir’d they bury
him. There is alfo particular Care taken
to puniffi all Infolcncies committed in T a-
vei ns, Stews, and other publick Places.
As for w hat concerns Provifians, there Price fet
is a Mothefth, or Superintendent o f them, onFrcm-
with four Affiftants, who every fit ft Day h<ms*
o f the W eek fets the prices o f all things,
by W eight, not Meafure. I f any Mar be
taken felling but a Farthing dearer, the
common Punilhment is to put on him the
Takteblas, which is a Cap with a fmall
Bell hanging to it, and lead him about
the City, as if he were whip’d ; after
which he paysa Fine, and is Baftonado’d
on the Feet. T h e weight o f grofs
things, as W ood and the like, is call’d
Buttiman, and is about twenty five Pounds
o f ours. ’ T h e fmall weight they call
Mufcal, whereof feventy two make a
Pound.
Having fpoke o f the Verfian Goveru-
ment, it will be proper to give an ac­
count o f all the Chants and ftz iert the
K in g fends into the Provinces, that the
Reader may form fome Notion o f the
vaft extent of that Empire* A Ferfitn
Lord my Friend, nobly born, and aclu-
ally in the K in g’s Service, whofe Beha-
viour was his greateft Recommendation,
with much difficulty procur’d me the
following L ift out o f the Royal A r-
chives,

The Provinces govern'd hj Chams, are,

K
Ermum-Sciam. Sfraes. Gang*. Ogligt.
Amadam. Zura-bat. Carabae. JDamor-caf.
Loreffam. Zcmm-daeur. Bardac Moran
. C ordeffum, AgUtr. A M M arujaac
BaZtiaru GeraiU. TejUs. Bola-moreab.
Terurn. GeUeli• CartiU A* at*
Reicurami. Netfa. C axf> Baden.
Semnum. Bacarz. Dagftunu
Damrum. Bcr*. Vafctafue. A n v e r.
Baxtufn. Curium. Kcrmmm. Baxerz.
Aferabat, Kulcum. Bander-Abafft. B adxiz. ,
T fcta b u r. Bel Sarvefum . Cngeluc.
Sabzavar. Candaar. Lejteffum. Ramus.
Effraim . Siztum. Afford. Bevoum.
M afctt. Soltanie. Domdom. Sctajrer.
T er feefc. Zannum. Bahareni. A vize.
Xaim. A ver. Tonecabon. Difpul.
Tebtz. Touris. Oromi. Dedefi.
Tam. Gerum, Alpauz. Scion.
Gum -later. Sciamah. Dtrban. Nimruz*
* Durak.

In all eighty one Provinces govern’d by Chams.

m
Jfr.

' . tsA .
ft)!
"i^S”" A Voyage round the W O R L D.
fV A -O
° i^ ‘ The Provinces govern'd hj
V /^ w *
Sephaum. Cuchi.
Golpapum. Avarku.
Sam. Tafe.
Taferxu. Sigda.
Nataris. Jefd .
Ardefcum. Ghefcu.
Naim. Taaman.
Arant. Cafciam.
Capa. Kom.
c A ve.
T h e difference betwixt Chams and
is this, T h at the firft have the
V iz ie r s ,
command o f the Souldiery, befides the
C ivil and Criminal Government ; and
, the latter a more limited P o w e r ; fo
that in fome Cafes they cannot give Sen-
tence o f Death, but mult lend the C ri-
minal to the next Cham.
Manners T he Manners o f the Ptrfians differ
of the much, and are Quite oppolice to thole
Terfuns. c f tiie Turks; for they are C iviliz'd ,
Meek, Peaceable, Modeft, G ra te fu l,
Generous, Enemies to Fraud, and L o-
vers o f Strangers. They bear no Ha-
tred, like the Turks, to the Chriftian
Habit and Name , but arc Courteous
and Affable to them 5 fo that every
Man may be cloath’d as he pleafes, and
either Ride or walk a-fooc along the
Streets without danger o f being Scoffd
a t ; nor are they forbid wearing Green,
as in Turky. Am ong other ufual cour-
teous Exnreflions among them , they
commonly fay \ / Sacrifice or Devote my
S elf to your Will. 1 with the Apples o f my
Fyes might oblige you to tread on them; or,
1 am your Slave, it is your part to com-
m andme, & c. When Perfons o f equal
Quality meet, they Salute one another
(hutting their Right-Hands, and at the
• fame time lifting them up to the Crown
o f their Heads, m T oken o f Love and
Efteem • to Superiors they lift up their
Hand to the Head, and then lay it on
the Stomach, Bowing. On great Feffi-
vals they Vifit, wiffiing one another ma-
ny o f thofe happy Days; and great Men
receive thefe Compliments in their
Houfes from their Inferiors. _ peans, but fitting after their manner to
Kins’s Every Man makes his Court to gain
Prerent, the Favour o f the great Ones, to ob-
how re* taj„ fome Employment o f the K i n g ;
ceiv’d- efpeciallv to carry the Calaat to Chams
o f Provinces who they are fure will
make them a great Prefent. Every
Cham, when he receives this Prefent
from the King, goes fix Miles out o f
i f n
%L
Book 11.
Viziers, are 37, w'j .
, . ,
Save. _ Scsape-Cerut.
Ablaum . Com-fie.
Casbin. Scircz..
A fi-re f. Gearam.
Faraavat. CarX/erum.
Sari]. \ ar’ .
Amol. Bander cong.
Bar-Frufi. Refit.
M afiiad-fer. Laypum.
the City into a G arden , to meet the
Meffenger, attended by the chief N o-
bility and Officers o f the Country, with
feveral Mulical Inftruments.^ A s fooa
as ever he fees him at a diftance, he
Bow s, and kneels down to pray for the
K in g s Health. W hen he has done
Praying, the Meffenger puts the Calaat
on him, which at molt is a Garment o f
Silk and G old, and fometimes in Token
o f greater Affeftion, there is added a
Salh and Furbant. Being thus clad, he
goes to the King’s Houfe, follow’d by
the People, theie he kiffes the T hre-
lhold o f the D oor , and prays again,
and then goes Home, to make a noble
Entertainment for the prime N obility,
for Jo y o f the Honour receiv’d,
T h e Terfians wink at Injuries, to wait pCrfim
an Opportunity o f being Reveng’d, rcvengful.
T hey are great Flatterers, ambitious o f
Honour, and eafy to be pcifwaded, fo
that the Catholick Miffioners could with
great cafe prevail with them to imbrace
our Faith, were the free Exercifo o fth e
Milfion allow’d in Perfia among the Na-
tives. I remember 1 feveral times faw
a Perfa n Lord, whofe Houfe was a ways
open to the Augujhman Fathers, kneel
in the Church, to hear the D ivfce Office,
with more Devotion than the Catho-
licks themfelves ; and reprove others
who did not make their Qbeiiance to
the A ltar ; and yet he was a Mahome-
tan.
T h e y feldom Play, becaufe Mahomet Diwrfi.
forbid it. T h ey do not ufually divert ons,
themfelves with walking, like the Euro-
enjoy the purling o f fome Stream, or
the Pleafure o f a Garden. T h e Men
never Dance, but there are Women
whofe T rade it is, that are h ird on
Feftivals. T here are Mountebanks, but
extraordinary Apiffi , and not at all
pleafing. T h e greateff: Palhm e o f
Youth is to make a hollow Palt-board
\j 2Li Cj
 <SL
, __
n

'

chTpTiiL cypYRsTX 7^
f v A / v Cafe, lapp’d over with fonie fort o f ble T itle o f M im a , and Souldieis that
Gemelli. Skin, which they tofs up into the A ir o f Bech-, but they often miltake, and
1694. with a large Rope , when the W ind call ignorant Perfons M irzji. Thofe
\ S V \ J blows, and it founds like the Pipe o f an that are defcended from Mahomet are
O rg a n ; the Portuguefes call it Papagayo, call’d Sahet, which Jignifies as much as
or Parrot. Lords among us.
Waihing. They never Pray till they have walh- Sports, and particularly Hawking is Sports;
ed in Running W ater ; or if they can- much us’d among them, fo that thofe
not come at it in the Ciftern, every who are well to pafs keep great Num-
Man has it to this purpofe in his Houfe. bers o f thofe Birds, as alfo Dogs and
When they have had to do with their Horfes. T h ey take Tobacco a different
W om en, they go to walh at the Bath, way from the Turks ; for under the Bowl
which they may do till two Hours after it burns in, is a little Bottle full o f W a- Tobacccia
Sun-rifing, the reft o f the Day being ter, which makes the Smoak palling
for the Women. through it come Cool to the Mouth,
T h ey wear no long Beards, like the and this Pipe they call Caliana.
Beards. T u rh , but thofe that belong to the Law-, Belides Tobacco , which no Perfon
now and then clip it with Scifars. T he whatfoever forb ears, they ufe Opium, Opium.
Courtiers and Soldiers (have, leaving and from it borrow that Stupidity and
long W hiskers, and under the lower Drunkennefs they cannot have from
L ip a patch like a Swallow’s T a il hang- W ine, which is forbid them. T hey
ing, to make their Countenance more take it even to the quantity o f half a
Honourable or Dreadful. Old Men D ye Dram , which an European could not
it B la c k , which holds feveral Days, take at fifteen Tim es, without Danger,
Other Youths pull out the Hair o f their which makes them Pale, Cold, and worfe
Cheeks to have their Skin look fine. _ _ than Mad. T hey ufe much Coffee ; and
Superftiti- T h ey give much Credit to fuperfliti- another Liquor to make them M erry,
on. ous Obfervations; and therefore i f two call’d Koknar. T hey go to the Shops
Friends fhould happen by chance to where it is Sold, or Koknar-iones, and
touch Feet, they believe they fhall fall after drinking a great deal, do the molt
out, and therefore each o f them imme- ridiculous Aftions in the W orld, jear-
diately takes the other lovingly by the ing and abuling one another ; when th e '
Hand, and then each lifts his own up Strength o f the Liquor is o v e r , they
to his Head. T hey look upon it as an ill areas good Friends again, as if nothing
Omen to meet with any melancholy Per- had hapaed.
fons, when the N ew Moon is. in Ihort In Eating they ufe no Spoons, but Eat;ng
they are fo much addicted to Superftiti- only for Liquids. T h ey do not D rink and 6
on and Divination, that they never go till they have done E atin g; and for both Drinking,’
about any thing but at the Hour appoint- ufes have Veflels o f Copper and Earth­
ed by the Aftrologers, who are look’d en-W are, becaufe the Laws forbid Sil-
upon as Oracles by them. Therefore ver. T he K in g at his T ab le is ferv’d
no Man negle&s buying the Almanack, in Gold.
or Tacuim, which fets down what T im e In other Refpefts they are T em pe-
is lucky fo put on their Cloaths, go to rate. T h e poor People are fatisfy’d at
the Bath, Purge, and do other T h in g s; Noon with A zeri, which is Bread and
as alfo whether t|ie Year w ill be fcarce Curds, Sold in Skins, and with Fruit
or plentiful, Difeafes and W ars. according to the Seafon; at Night they
T hey ufe a Sort o f Divination by eat Pilau. T h e Gentry and richer Sorr,
even and odd Numbers, like Geoman- eat roaft Meat and Pickles; putting a
cy. I havefeen the very W omen make whole Sheep or Lamb into a little Oven,
Judgments o f Things to come, upon hanging over a great Difh o f Pilau, than
Plates on which the Planets and fix’d the Fat may drij) into it. T h e poor
Stars o f the firft Magnitude were em People, if they will, buy it at the Ta~
grav’d. verns, becaufe o f the Scarcity o f W ood
Circumci- T h ey Circumcife their Sons very there is in Jfpahan. T he Bread would
lion. " young, like the Turks; and make bar- be excellent were it Bak’d after the
ren W omen fwallow that part which is European m anner; but the Dough flat-
cut off; as an excellent Remedy againft ted like a Cake, being put into a C op-
Bar rennefs. per Veflel made hot, it can never be
Tides. T h e Perjians have no Surnames, hut good.
fay fuch a One the Son o f fuch a One. T h ey divide the Day into Four equal Day j,oW
They give learned People the honours- Parts, beginning at M idnight; and at divided.
every

V . '

' ^ X‘
1(1)1
X V S S ^ fe / ' '
155 X Voyage round the W O R L D. ” Book 11.
every one o f them except Noon there
cTmelli. is a difpleafing Moife o f Drums made
1694. from fome eminent Place of the City.
- In religions Affairs the Pecans make
Months. f f L ° nar Months, the firlt whereof
they call Muferram, the fecond Sof.tr,
the third Rabra- al-avel, the fourth Ra-
bra-al-axer, the fifth G em a d -il-Jv ei,
the lixth Gemad-U-Axer , the feventh
Reetb the eighth Sciaabon, the ninth Ret-
mt J n , the tenth Sclav d , the eleventh
Zlkade the twelfth Zilaege. But the
Aftrologers count by Solar Months two
feveral ways, ours and the Egyptian.
Their Year, call’d Nuries, begins up-
Year. Qn thc Day 0f the vernai Equinox.
Then all the great Men go to wifii the
K in s a happy new Year, and fend him
fome exquifite Cmiolity, or at leaft
nttian Gold C row ns, which the abfent
Chams are alfo oblig’d to do. The Nobi-
litv Cloath all their Servants and Slaves,
borrowing Mony if they have it not,
that they may not make an ill Omen for
all the Year that is to follow* and this
Conceit is fo deeply rooted in their
Minds, that there is no W retch but en-
deavours that D ay to be Clad all new
from Head to Foot. T here is belides a
great expence in Eating and fending Pre-
fents to Friends.
_ . _ T he te r pans being Lovers o f Learn-
teaming. in„ they h' vc their Colleges, o fM ed res,
where the Sciences are taught. Here the
Students have only their Lodging, and
the Mttdres or Mailers expound to them
thorc Books they Read. They are par-
ticnlarly addidted to Poetry, and have an
excellent Genius for it. T h e y have choice
ji.abtck Books, fome o f them tranflated
into the Perfidn Tongue, but all written,
they having no Prefs; and in a curious
Character, for they W rite well after fe-
veral manners, either in Cipher or other-
wife. Some value themfelves Upon w ri-
ting eleven feveral forts o f Hands, or
Cbaradfers, which they make uf: o f ac-
cording to the Bufihefs in Hand, or
Court they have to do with. The firft
is call’d A f id i k , the fecond Curdate-
JSfesk-f the third SciitkeJicj the fourthKet~
her, the fifth Tank, the fixth Rugtm, the
feventh Sols, the eighth Kaler, the ninth
Screnk, the tenth Amtumi, the eleventh
ZaterraU ; 1 have Copies o f them all
made on half a Sheet a Paper, by that
Perfian 1 ord mv Friend.
Languag- As for Languages the Gentry ufe
e>- Four, Viz., the Perfian, which they call
Bcllk or Sweet * the Turkljh call’d Scia-
fie , or Haughty * the Arabian Gefcich
or Elegant-, and the Fourth corrupt
us’d by the Peafants call’d Valaat.
W t
<SL
§ Ip? ...pfj
•':
x
T he JP<r/w« is o f it felf Barren in
W ords, and therefore borrows many
from the A M , which is the Language
o f the Learned, and in ufe tor all Sci-
ences. But at Court the King bimfelf
always fpeaks 7 arkijh, as the Great Mo-
gul does Perfar/ at his. 1 he Kings o f
Aizapor and Colconda uled the tame Lan-
guage before they were made Pnfoners
by the V f f t V V ' c. • ir 1 „ .
The belt Handicrafts mJfpahan are the Handy.
Silk W eavers, Tome o f whom mgemouDy crafts.
ftiek Flowers with Gum on their Stufs.
1 hey alfo work well in Steel * becaufe
this Metal, which formerly went from
Golconda, where the beft is, to Damaf-
cas, is now carry’d all to Jfpaban, where
they now Tem per as well as at Darnaf-
with Vitriol. T heir works in Sha-
green and earthen W are are nothing
worfe * the belt of which come from
the Country about Kerman, and are
white both within and without, but do
not grow Hot fo foon. On the ocher
fide the Silver and Goldfmirhs do no-
thing to the purpofe* and Carpenters
vrorfe, having no other I o o ls, but a
pittilul Saw, an A x , ^ Hammer, a Chi-
zel and rarely a Plane,
The greateft Trade laP erfm is that Silk,
o f Silk of the Province o f Ghilon, and
other Places. The Dutch buy abundance,
and what remains they w eave, part
whereof is alfo Ibid out of the Kingdom.
Befidcs this the Piftaches o f Ca bin and
Almonds o f re*-U bring a great deal o f
Mony into Perfia * as does the Shagreen,
T wj# Leather, dry Fruit, and painted
Stuffs, the Dutch tarry to the Indits, J a -
pm and Europe", and the Camels, Horfes,
Mules and Lambs that go into Tttrky and
other parts.
The Women in Perfia are extn ord i-
nary Beautiful, becaufe they a n brought wni
from the Provinces of Cncaffiet, Mm~
grtlia, and Georgia, and from the Fron-
tiers o f Poland, M tfcovy, and Great
Ternary, and this by way o f 1 rade, the
Perfians beficles their W ives, and bir d
Women, buying Slaves to keep m the #
jiram . W hite and Black Enochs keep
them in their Apartments * and go a-
broad with them to keep o ff the Pco-
pie. In the Streets they go cover’d
with a long Cloth, fo that they look like
Gholis. . . . .
.. When anY Ferfian ,s vf ry Sick» r th?y sicknefs.
light feveral Fires on the top of the
Houfe, to give the Neighbours Notice,
that they may Pray for his Health.
When he is Dead, they make dreadful
Cries and Howling •, efpedally the W o-
men,
■ e°5 x
® •
Chap"*"lV.
**" 1' 11"■■ll
Of
i
PE
.... - ■ i- .....
.'W o '** men, who now and then Report the
Gemelli. dead Men’s good Anions and Qualities,
1694. and then give a Shriek by Fits, that is
C/AO-J Hideous to hear. N ext they feud word
to the Deroga, that fuch a Man is Dead,
Funerals, for him to Seal the JLicenfe to walh his
Body. T his done, the Mullahs come
from the Mofch, with long Poles, to
which there are Tin or Iron Plates fall-
. ned, or fome bit o f Taffeta, and carry
him to the Grave, crying all the way
Allah, Allah. The People that pafs by
help tp carry the Beer, at the Requell
o f the Kindred. A t the Funerals o f
great Men, feveral Horfes Saddled fol-
low, one carrying the Turbant, ano-
ther the Scimiter, another the Arrows*
another the Bow, and all thofe Things,
that may tend to their Honour. The
Grave is commonly made in the great
Church-yard,<call’d Carbefton, two Foot
wide, and fix in length and depth. T he
Body being laid in ic, with the Face to-
wards Mecca, they place two Stones on
C H A P. IV.
O f the Flowers, Fruit, Minerals, living Creatures, Coin, Arms, Climatej
and Limits of Perfia.
Rowers. ^ erf u t^ere are Flowers o f all
X forts, and the untill’d Fields are full
ot molt beautiful Tulips, but above all
it abounds in Rofes, from which they
D iltil W ater, arid fend it into India,
and other Countries.
Fruit. The Fruit is much better than ours in
Europe, and there are all forts o f it
Melons. but the Melons have a raoft Angular
T afle, and exceed thofe o f Parabito, in
the Kingdom o f Naples, which are coun-
ted the belt. There are fix feveral forts,
which ripen at feveral times. T he firffc
o f them call’d G'hermeik, are Y e lio w ,
and ferve to Purge the Body, nor do
they any harm, tho’ a Man Eat never
fo much o f them ; there being Perftans
that will Eat thirty Pounds in a Day.
T h e fecond which have a green Rind,
are better tailed than the firft, and call’d
Puoft-Sabs •, the third Fatten * the fourth
Anagabati * the fifth L eigne * the laft
Carpffa-pais, or Autumn Melons, which
keep all the Year about.
Peaches. The Peaches are well tailed, and
good, for tho’ I Eat never fo many, I
did not find they did me any harm, not-
withflanding antient W riters fay that
they are Venemous. T h e Figs are good,
Vol. IV.
<SL
R SIA
. bi<M|.,..W
—
, ,.ajl, . . »' .1., ....... ,■
each fide the Head, that it may not d ir, 1
and four more about the Grave, which
then they fill up with Earth. For Per-
fons o f Note they eredl a Covering, or
Roof, or iictle Cupola upon fo n Ptl-
la r s * nor is it true, as Tavernier fays,
T hat they bury their Arms with Sol-
diers ; but thofe that are able diilribute
Meat to the Poor. T he Mullahs alfb
take care to go Eat at the dead Man’s
Houfe, belides the Payment given them
for the Funeral. T o conclude, the K in -
dred and Friends go for feveral Days to
Condole with the Heir,
Only Soldiers are forbid leaving Pious
Legacies (fuch as we have before lpoke
of in feveral Places) and fo thofe that
have been Officers o f Juftice, or ma-
pag’d the K ing’s Revenues * becaufe he
is their universal Heir, allowing the dead
Man’s eldelt Son fome fmall Portion o f
the Eilate, and railing him to the fame
Degree, i f he is capable o f it.
but not found in all Parts o f the King-
dom, by reafbn o f the Cold o f fome
Countries. Almonds there are o f feve-
ral forts, fuch plenty, and fo good, that
they make a Trade o f them, as they do
o f the Nuts, all about Indofian •, and the
Ponugucfes carry them as far as China,
which produces none. T h e Country a-
bout Casbin and Sultania yields good Pi-
Jlaches-, and in the Provinces of Ghilan,
and Mafandran, there are fome few
Cheflnuts, Olives, Oranges, and Le~
tnons.
Among the reft, there are three forts Grapes,
o f delicious G rapes, which they call
Klfemifci, without any fmall Seeds in
them * tho’ all others exceed thofe o f
the Kingdom o f Naples, which are the
belt in Italy. There is fuch great plen-
ty o f them, that befides what they Eat
all the Year, the W ine made o f them wine.
ferves the Perftans, who from the high-
ell to the lowefl are great Drinkers,
and fupplies all Indoftan, China, and o-
ther Countries. The beft and mofl D e­
licious is that o f Sciras and Ted. In
which Countries the W ine is not kept
in Cask, as is us’d throughout Europe,
but in Earthen Veffiels glaz’d within* or
X elftf
m . ■ §l
162 A Voyage round the W O R L D. Book 0 .
C vA /l elfe anointed with the Greafe o f Sheeps ing them thus. T hey ufe the Hawks to
Gemelli. T ails. T h e Cellars are not deep, but feed out o f the hollow o f the Eyes of
1694- handfomly contriv’d to carry Friends wild Beads, whole Skull and whole Skin
U 'V N J down to Drink. T o this purpofe there Huff’ d, they preferve to that purpofe,
is commonly a Ciftern o f W ater in the that they may look as i f they were a-
middle, Carpets on the Ground to fit liv e ; then they make them move, and
down, and long rows o f Niches in the by degrees fwifter and fw ifte r; fo that
W all, with feveral Veffels o f different the Bird greedy o f Food follows them,
forts o f Wine. A t laft, tying the counterfeit Beall on
Herbs. They have a fpecial Method o f pre- a Cart, they make a Horfe draw it upon •
ferving all the aforefaid forts o f Fruit a full G a llo p ; arid lo when the Hawk is
frefh the Year about, and particularly abroad, expecting to find the fame Food,
a fort o f Plums call’d Ababexra, which he fixes on the living Beall’s Head, and
are Red with fome Mixture. T h e bell pecking its Eyes, gives time to the Hun-
Herbs for common ufe in Perfm, are ters to overtake, and kill it.
Lettices, Colworts, Borrage, and Spin- Befides Hawks and Dogs, they make 0nfai
nage, befides Roots. ufe o f a fort o f Creatures they call On-
Mines. A s for Mines there are feme o f Cop- fes, about the bignefs o f a Fox, very
per, Lead, Iron, and Steel. In the fw ift, their Skins fpeckled like T igers,
. Mountain Phirasku, four Days Journey and fo Tam e, that they carry them be-
from M e feed, they dig Turly Stones o f hind them a Horfe-back; but if the Hun-
great value, o f two forts, the old and ter through Miffake, flips them after
new Rock. T h e firft fort are kept for their Game at too much Difadvantage,
the King, being o f a more lively and fo that they cannot overtake it, they
lafting Colour. Add to this the excel- are fo much call- down with Shame, thac
Pearls. lent Filhery o f Pearls at the Illaad Ba- an Infant may kill them.
harem. N o Gold is Coin’d in Perfia (as was .
Bealls of For fe'rviceable Beafls the Perfans faid above) except at the Coronation cn oms‘
Burden, have excellent Horfes, good Mules, large Kings. There are three forts o f Silver
Cam els, and two forts o f A ffes, the Mony ; the Abaft worth four Carlines
Per pan for Burden, and the Arabian o f Naples ; the Mamudi worth two Car-
which are more Mettlefome to ride on. lines ; and the Sciae worth o n e; there
For Hunting there is ftore o f wild Boars, are alfo pieces o f an Abajfi and a half,
Porcupines, red and fallow Deer, Roes, and o f two, but they are fcarce. >Thefe
Hares, T igers, Lions, Bears, and other Pieces have no Effigies on them, but
w ild Bealls. Tins is fufficientiy de- only Chura&crs, which on the one fide
monftrated by Scia-Abas, his Building a Import the Name of the King then
T ow er in Ifpaban, with only the Bones Reigning, and on the other the Name o f
o f Creatures kill’d in one D ay’s Hunt- the C ity where they are Stamp’d, with
ing j but it muft be obferv’d that thofe the Year o f the Mahometan Etoca.
Princes caufe the Country for forty Miles The. Brats Mony is o f feveral Forms,
about, or more, to be hefet by 30, or and Stamps, for in fome Places they are
40000 Men to drive all the Game to one call’d Kasbekes, in others Games, forty
Place. Foxes are counted unclean, and o f which make an Abajfi. T h e Gaz.es
the ferfa n s do not only avoid killing on the one lide have a Lion, and on the
or touching them, but will not come other the Name o f the City. T h e Kas-
near a Man that has a Garment lin’d, in hek.es are round, like the Gazes, but
their Furs. there are alio fome lor.gilh.
Fowls. There is a prodigious quantity of The Perfa n Weapons are for the moll w
Fow ls, hut particularly o f Pigeons, wild part, Bows, Arrow s, and Scimiters ; a" d Sol
Geefe, Cranes, Ducks, Mallards, T u r- tho’ they know how to manage a Mus- diery.
ties, Crows, Herons, and two forts o f ket, and have the ufe o f Cannon, and
P artrid ges; the one no bigger than a Mortars. T here is no trailing to their
Quail, and the other like thofe in Infantry, which may be compar’d to our
rope. T he Pigeons they keep in Tow ers Battalions in the Kingdom o f Naples, but
are taught to Decoy the wild Pigeons their chief Strength confifts in Horfe ;
to the Dovecote, or the N eighbours; for the K in g upon the leaft Call can
which they often allure by giving them raife 150000 good Men, upon better
better Meat. Horles. But they Fight in Confufion,
Hawking. 1 hey man Hawks, and other Birds o f without any Order. For the Sea, they
tey to kill thole Birds, and ufe them have not fo much as an arm’d Brigan-
alfo agamft four-footed Creatures, teach- tine.
T he
 *SL
Chap. V. (9/ P E R S I A. i<$j
fX _ A /1 The A ir and Climate differs according little and little, in feveral Days, row l’d
Gemelli. to the feveral Provinces. Edz.erbagan on a Stick. T h e great Men retire at
1 994- is exceftive Cold* but Healthy Mazah- that tirrie to the cool neighbouring Moun-
v> p '"s ' dran bad by reafon o f the Handing W a- tains.
Climate. te r s . yfi^han, which is almoft the Heart Several Nations have formerly reign’d perra„
o f the Kingdom, is more fubjed toC old in Perfia, and extended their Dominion Domini*
than Heat* becaufe o f the abundance of into all the three Parts o f the W orld ons.
Snow that falls inftead o f Rain, tho’ it then known. In Afia they poffefs’d Ar-
is feated in 32 Degrees, and a few Mi- menid, Perfia, India on this lide Ganges,Homiy..
nutes o f Latitude. T he Heat is tolera- Affyria, Syria, the lefler A fia, and the P%'
ble even in the Dog-days, and not at- Illand o f Cyprus. In A fm k they had
tended with the Plague o f Bugs, Fleas, Egypt, part o f Ethiopia, and Libia. In
Gnats, and other trOublefome lnfeds. Europe, Thracia, and Macedonia * befides Ptolom. ^
Snow. T h e Snow, as I have faid, falls in the Iflands o f the Egean Sea, belonging < f eo^ ll6°
fuch quantities in W inter, that fome- both to Europe, and A]ia. Under the
times it rifes above a Stone three Spans Parthian Monarchy the Perfiah Empire clover.
high* a League from the C ity, towards contain’d all that lies between the Rivers Ceopy. lib.
the Mountain* by which the Eerfahs Indus, and Euphrates. A t prefent to come 5. cap. 12.
judge o f the Fruicfulnefs o f the Year, to the Matter in Hand, that is* to mo- 'f!aj!eu.
In the Southern Provinces, and particu- dern Affairs* it is bounded on the North sliver
larly at the Ports o f Bander-Abajfi, and by the Cafpian Sea * on the South by the t0J , 2.
Bander-Congo, on the Gulph o f Perfia, Ocean * on the Eaft by the Mogul's Conn- tap. 8,
the Heat is Exceflive, and Hurtful * for try, and on the Weft by the Turkifh D o­
it breeds in the Legs o f Europeans, a fort minions, from which it is parted by the
o f flender Worms fifty, or fixty Spans R ivers Tigris and Euphrates.
long, which are afterwards drawn out by

C H A P . V.
The Genealogy o f the Tamil) novo Reigning in Perfia.

, A F ter Tamerlan had routed Baja- v il W a rs, by reafon o f the Divifions

j f \ z.eth’s Arm y, and made him and
his W ife Captives * he carry’d his vid o -
rious Arras into Perfia, and prelcribing
Laws to thofe People by the Point o f his
tnuch dreaded Sword, he became in a
Jhort time the richeft, and molt power-
ful Prince in the Eatt. His cruel Incli-
nation not being fatisfy'd with the Spoils
Of Nations fubdu’d, he drove away ma-
ny Thoufands o f Prifonersout o f Cara-
mania, with a defign to put them to
Death upon the firft Opportunity. But
it was the good Fortune o f thofe W ret-
ches, that when he came into the City
A rdevil, he found a Sceik, whofe Name
was A idar, who liv ’d with the Repu-
tation o f Sandity* and growing Fami-
liar with him, he not only granted him
the Lives o f all thofe Captives, but the
Dominion over them. The good Aidar
having obtain’d this, provided for them
the beft he could, ana gave them their
• Liberty to return home * in memory o f
which Benefit thofe People ever conti-
nu’d molt Affectionate to him, and all
his Race.
ifmael Soft T h e Perfians finding themfelves op-
prefs’d by the Tartar Yoke from the
Year 12< 0 , and being confum’d with Ci-
Vol. IV ;
in the Family o f the Vffum-Cajfan's * defiript.
Ifinael Sofi the T h ird , Son o f Sceik-Ai- hb. 2.
dar, with the Affiftance o f the Cardma- eiI ‘ u
nian's, taking Courage, began to leize
the Empire * firft Poffelfing himfelf o f
Tauris, which was divided into Factions,
and afterwards routing Alamut, King o f
Perfia, or as others will have it Aluante,
the Son of Jampms, the Son o f VJfum- jngioleM
Caffan, and killing him with his Own in geftis
Hand near that City. This hapned a- uf um CaJ-
bout the Year o f our Lord 1499, a n d ^ "'-
from that time forward Perfia was call’d
the Kingdom o f Sophi, as being fubjed ’
to the Race o f Ifmael. Some, tho’ with-
out any Ground, will have it, That this ie
Man was Vfitm-Cafian's Grandfon, as be- rebus Per-
ing Born o f his Daughter, and ot Steal- fids.
dari, furnam’d Arduelle, ^of a City o f
that Name he was Poffefs’d o f : But the
trueft Opinion is, That he was Son to
Sceik-Aidar, as has been faid, the great
Grandfon ot M ortu z.-A h , Mahomet'S
Coufin, and Son-in-Law.
Tammies fucceeded his Father Ifinael 5 Tammus*
and Tammus left for his Succeflor Ifinael Ifmael i i
the Second, who by reafon o f his Cru-
elty fate but a Ihort time on the Throne, ^ ahomei
his Brother Mahomet- Codabende, tho’ coitbehdi.
X 2 un-

l& f =
HI
/ ^ > -- < V \
1^4 /I Voyage round ibe W O R L D.
r s jv ^ n unskill’d in Government, being fet up
<3emelh. by the great Ones in his Place. Some
169 4. are of Opinion that this Man was B lind ;
U^VN J but the Truth o f it is,- That his Eyes
were weakned by a red hot Iron hisBro-
ther caus’d to be held to them, the firft
Day he came to the Grown * which Cu-
Horn continues to this Day among his
Stilt-Abas* Succeflors. After Mahomet, Scia-Abas
’ ‘ the Fir ft, his Son, Reign’d, and was
call’d the Great, for his extraordinary
Wifdom and Valour, with which he ex-
tended the Limits o f the Empire, Con-
qncring the Kingdoms o f Lar, Ormuz.,
Candahar, and other Cities and Provinces,
O f many Sons he had only Sofi-Mirza
L iv ’d, w h o having got a S 0 .1 on a S lave;
the Grandfather grew fo Fond o f the
Grandfon, and fo Averfe to his own Son,
that he order'd a great Man about the
Court to put him to Death. Yet after-
wards feeing his Head he lamented Bit-
terly, feiz’d all the Goods o f him that
Executed the cruel Command, and gave
them to him he had before Banilh’d for
refilling to Obey it. From that time
forward, the King’s Sons have always
been kept in the Aram. Scia-Abas D y’d
about the end o f the Year 16 28 , having
Reign’d forty Y ears; and Order’d, that
after his Death the Crown Ihould D e-
volve to Scia-Sofi, his Grandfon, which
was perform’d by the General o f the
A rm y, and the reft o f the great Ones.
Siu-Sob Scia-Sofi coming to the Grown, could
‘' ' not,at firft give any Specimen o f his V a-
loar, as well becaufe he was yet a Child,
as by reafon o f much Opium given him
by his Grandfather to Stupify him. T h e
firft notable A&ion he did was at Cas-
bin, where he order’d the Head o f A ll-
Culican ( a Man that had deferv’d w ell
from the Crown, as having in the Reign
o f Scia-Abas Conquer’d the Kingdoms
o f L ar, and Ormuz.) and o f three o f
his Sons to be cut o ff Then making
his Entry into Ifpahan, he did the fame
to feven principal Minifters o f his Court,
whom he had drawn to the Palace with
fair W ords, and ferv’d the Queen-Mo-
ther in the fame manner ; fo abfolute is
the Power o f thofe Monarchs, and fo
ready the Obedience o f their Subjeds.
Some may perhaps imagine that the
People at the fight o f thofe Heads would
enquire into the Caufe why they were
cut off, and blame their K ing’s C ru elty;
but the beft o f it is, T hat all the Peo-
t ■- Y ■
<SL
Book U.
pie in the M tidan, without any further
Confideration laid, Since the King has or-
d t f d thefe Dogs to he cm to Death, it is
a Sign they deferv’d it. Scia-Sofi D y ’d jfl
the Year 1642. of hard Drinking,
His Son Scia-Abas the Second, fuc- sck-Abas
ceeded him, having been kept at Cat- 2.
bin, fo that he did not make his folemu
Entry into Ijpahan, ciil the beginning o f
the enfiiing Year 16 4 3. He Reign’d
z i Years with the Reputation of a Va-
liant, and Noble Prince ; but fo addi-
ded to Drunkenncfs, that one Day he
caus’d three o f his W omen to be Burn’d,
becanfc they refus’d to D rink more
Wine. He dy’d o f an Inflammation caus’d
by that Vice in the City Tetizon, and
the Year 1664.
T h e great Men that were then at
Court immediately feat the General o f
the Musketiers, with the chief o f the
Aftrologers to carry the News to his
Son ; who tearing his Garments that
Moment in token o f G rief, fate him
down at the Door o f the Aram. Then
a Lord appointed for that purpofe draw-
ing near girt on his Sword, faying, a
Slave o f his had obtain’d fo great an
Honour. Then the K in g put on the
SofPs Cap, which is wide at the top,
with tw elve Gathers in memory o f their
twelve Prophets, and fomething like a
Cilinder, half a Span long, and cover’d
with the fame Cloth. Then abundance
o f Drums and Trumpets founding, the
People ran into the Meidan, every one
crying out, Patfcia-Sd-amdek; that is,
I Salute thee Em peror; which is all the
Solemnity o f the Mahometan Corona-
tion, as has been faid elfewhere. N ot
long after, filling Sick, by the Advice
o f the Phyficians, he chang’d his Name,
and took that o f Scia-Sekmon ; as we
have related at large in the foregoing
Book. He dy’d on the 29th o f July
169+1 whilft I was at Ifpahan; exprefly
forbidding his Son to Pradice the an-
tient but cruel Cuftora o f their Family,
o f putting out their Brother’s Eyes with
red hot Irons.
Stia-OJfcn afeended the Throne on the stitrOfien.
<5th o f Augnft, that lame Year, at the
A ge o f twenty Five ; and tho’ hitherto
he has fulfill’d his Father’s Command,
yet he will not fail in time to Blind his
Brothers and Nephews, according to
the antient Cuftom ; if he does not put
them to Death.
C H A P .
>
m
\\ <Sl
“ -A. A

~ Chap. VI. Of P E R S I X i6cj~

CHAP. VI.
O f the fever al Employments in the Perfian Court.
fv A ^ > n n t H E Prime Port in the Perfian _ The Divan-Bcg, is fupreme Judge both Divan-
Gemelli. J L Court is that o f Atmath-Dulet, inciviland criminal Affairs, and has his Beg.
1694. who is like the grand Vizier in Turky. Court in the King’s Houfe. He is Judge
All the Affairs o f the Kingdom run ofAppeals from allProvinces in the King-
Atmath- through his Hands, and he contrary to dom, and receives Informations againlfc
Valet. t f,e Turk, difpatches more Bufinefs with the Chams, and other great Men.
the Pen, than with the Sword; nor is he T he Deroga is under the Divan-Beg, to Deiobt.
fo fubjedf to go to the W ar, or to lofe whom all appeal that arc wrong’d by him.
his Head for the leaft Mifcarriage. But He puni/hes Thieves and fuch that are
he is to take the proper Meafures to guilty o f Capital Crimes.
Govern well, and not propofe any thing T h e Sofragi-Bafci is he that lays the sofngf
to the K ing that may difpleafe him. Cloth o f Gold on the Carpet before the B^ ci’
N*ltr. T h e next great Officer is the N a za r, King.
who has charge o f all that is prefented to T h e Sciraci-Bafci is to provide the sdrm-
the King. Kings Sellar with Wine. Bafci.
Methr. T he next is the Mether who is a white T h e Mefcaldar-Bafci is chief o f thofe Mefcat-
Eunuch, waiting always in the Bed- that carry Flambeaux. Hefurnilhesthe dJ-Bafih
Chamber, and about the King’s Perfon, Court with W ax-candles; and takes care
with feveral Handkerchiefs in a Purfe to that the Gold Lamps in the Royal Hall
fupply him when he wants. be fupply’d. T o him belong all the
atir-ikor- T he Mir-akor-Bafci has charge of the Fines laid on thofe that play at Cards
Bafci. Stables, which are alfo a Place o f Refuge, and Dice, whichare forbid by their Law.
and takes care that the King’s Horfes be T h e K avtrgi-Bafii has charge o f the Kivtrgl-
branded on the left Leg, to know them Coffee and Rofe-water. Bajd.
from others; and that none of 40000 T he Gia.ra-Ba.fci is the Surgeon,who Ciara-Bfi-
Souldiers the King keeps be miffing. Bleeds and Shaves the K ing’s Head. «.
Mirt h r T he great Mailer o f the Game is T he C afgi-Bafci is head Porter. Cipigi Baf
Jct * call’d Mirfcikar. He looks to the Hawks, T h e Meletlegiar-Bafa keeps the King’s ^ ,
and has under him all the Officers that Cloth, and has care to deliver it out to af-Baf'F"
belong to the Hunt. the T ailors to make his Cloaths. J
Scgon-Baf- T he Segon-Bafci has charge o f the T h e Gelodar-Bafci isChidf o f the Foot- GeJoiar-
ti. Dogs, and other Beafts for Hunting, and men. Bafci.
is fubordinate to the Mirfcikar. T h e M ir ah is the Overfeer o f the W a- tAiub. ]
siniarBtf- The S 'mdar-Bafci is Head o f thofe that ters, who get confiderably by the Coun-
d. keep the Saddles, and hold the Stirrup, try People, becaufe it is his Bufinefs to
when the King gets a Horfeback; he is diftribute the W ater for W atering the
alfo call’d Oz.angu-curfifci. Fields.
gjebifci- The Kebifci-curfifci carries the K in g’s The Zegher-Bafci has Power over all tegher-
curfifii. Sword, o ; thofe that work Carpets with Gold and Btf u
Orhge-cur- T he Oriage-curfifci carries the Bow and Silver, and Cloth for the K in g’s Houf-
fifd. Arrows. _ > hold. T his is done in the Place call’d
Vakanavi{. T h e Secretary is call’d Vakanaviz.. Karkron, where they alfo make Scimiters,
Kjfnaiar- T he Kaf-naJar-Bafci, is in the nature Bows and Arrows, Silver Rings, becaufe
Bajci. o f a Treafurer, that keeps all the Mony the Mahometans may not lay their ufual
in the K in g’s Coffers. Prayers with Gold Rings on their Fin-
Jpiti-BaC- T h e great Steward is call’d Agati- gers, and they Paint in Miniature on a
cu Bafci. fort of Vernifh made o f Gum Maffick,
K&'m- The Kings firft Phyfician is call’d Ka- and a Mineral Oyl, found not far from
Bafi. kim-Bafci, by whofe advice the ochers Sciamaki on the C a ff an Sea.
are receiv’d. T he Nakkafce-Bafci is Head o f thefe NMfice-
Miknun- T he Malter o f the Ceremonies or In- Painters or Limners. Bafci.
dar-Btfci. troduefor o f Ambafladors is call’d M ih- T h e Negear-Bafci is nothing but the Negear-
mander- Bafci. Chief o f the Kings Carpenters. Bafci.
Morngm- Monagem-Bafci, is the Chief o f the A - The Amhardar- Bafci keeps the Grain oimharia*
Bfci. Ifrologers, by whom, as I faid before and other Provifions for the Kings own ^ cu ’
the King is rul’d in all his undertak- ufe,
ings.
The

I K:1
—Q V \

*166 * yf Voyage round the VV U R L D. book 11.

X a T T T he Odunci-Bafci keeps the W ood to Houfhold are choien from among the
Gtmtlh. burn All thefe Mechaoicks have feve- Corfcis, or Culams, becaufe they are well
id o , . ral Afliftantsunder them,who have Flelh, Shap’d, Brave, and o f good Couritenan-
O - v -n ^ Butter Rice, and Spice allow’d for their ces, which-the Perflans are nor, for if
odiwiBtf jj y[v Maintenance. they have any o f thefe Qualifications it
i 'r , T he Tufcamd-Bafci is Supervifor o f comes to them by the mixture o f Blood
3 T the King’s Kitchin, and commands thofe with the Georgians, or fome other Na-
that are to ferve at Table ; whence he tion dwelling on the Cafpan or Black-
always takes the bell Difh. Sea; and therefore the King himfelf, and
a Gene- In W ar the King o f Per fa is ferv’d the great ones endeavour to get Children
rals. bv four forts o f Souldiers, each of which by fome renegate Georgian Womau. This
has its own General. T he firft is the Employment of the Chams is one of the
h r fan commanded by the Saper-Salar, bed a Man can wifh for, becaufe they are
whole Com iniffion is worth above 20000 heard and honour d like fo many little
Tomans a Year. T he fecond is of the Kings. Their Revenues are feven or
Corfcis or Kefelbafcis, that is, red Head, eight thoufand Tomans a Year, and they
becaufe formerly they wore red Caps, continue a long while unlefs they be
who make a Body o f 22000 good Souldi- found guilty o f fome heinous Ciime.
cr« - their General is call’d Curfci-Bafci, ’ T is true at the Nurus or beginning o f
and ’ has about 1 5000 Tomans Pay, T he the Year they mull make the King a con-
inferior Officers among thefe Souldiers fidcrable.Prefent; and every one be at
are the Mimbafcis, who command a the whole expence o f his Kitchin for a
thoufand Men, the Jusbafcis a hundred, Week. Thofe Province* where the
and the Ombafcis ten, every Souldier has King has takenaway the T itle o f Chams,
1 e Tomans a Year Pay. The third fort to fave the ufelefs expence o h‘s Reve­
ls of the ChtUms, or the King’s Slaves, noe are under Governors call d Ajfefs.
who for the moft part are Georgian R e- Now follows the fecond Rank of thofe ThctnM
negadoes or o f other Nations, who Officers, who have the charge o f Religi-
reckon that Slavery a great Favour, for on, adminifter Juftice and infped Ac-
the allowance of five, or at moft eight counts, and asm Temporals the Atmath-
Tomans a Year. T h eir General is call’d Dales is the Chief, fo in Spirituals the
Gdar- Ajraf- They are arm’d with Sci- Nabab or Sedre fits as Supream with two
miters. Bows, Arrows, Coats o f Mail, inferior Judges, the one call’d S c t t k or
and Head-pieces. The King fometimes Axond, and the other Cajt, o f whom we
gives them good Employments for their have laid enough in the Chapter concern-
Lives, and fometimes when they behave ing Religion, ;l. n . _
thenifelves well they are continu’d in T h e Building o f every Atofchisdired-
their Sons, fo they be Men when their ed by its Momeveh ; and every Mofih
Fathers dye. The Tufinkgi compofe an- has a Afovd&en to call the People to Pray-
other Body of soooo Men, Thefe arc ers from the T o p of it, the W oids he
Peafants, ‘ who fight with Musket and fays when he cries out to them in bis
Scimiter, and have four or five Tomans Language are, There *s but y only God
pay. T hey being generally very ill dif- and Mahomet is bis Prophet.
ciplin’d, the Chams o f the feveral Pro- In the Chamber o f Accounts call’d Sterna.
vinces make them exercife every three Defter-JCone, the Kings Patrimony rum
Months. T heir General is call’d Tufin- through the Hands of the' M M and
oi-Safes. Mamaleh Thefe value the King’s Farms,
Guards & T he E fc e k -Jg a fis Commander o f two moft o f the Land in the Kingdom being
thoufand K efulklfk or the Kings pecu- his, and they let them out Yearly, or for
liar Guards, newly brought up, who car- Lives to private Perfons ^receive a the
ry fuch a heavy Musket that it looks Rents, and enter into their Books all the
more like a Falconet Expences on inferior Officers. T his
« „ The Tuples-Bafcs'is General o f the Chamber has its particular X>fr ^ , to
Artillery. ^ _ th ereo f the Per fans have fome - pumfh thofe that defraud the King.
fmall Stock, but only in the frontierPla- B y thefe feveral Employments and
ces- for we End before they have no Officers, every Man may guefs howmuch
fighting Ships, and thofe Veffels they the Per fan Court exceeds any other o f
make ufe o f on the Gulph o f Perfsa and the Eaft, in Splendor and Magnificence;
Cafpian Sea againft the Vsbeh and Kat- without my taking the pains to fhew it,
m lis are very ill provided. . which would perhaps be ofTenfive to the
Theciiimj The Chams or Governors o f Provin- Reader,
ces, and all the Officers o f the King’s _
C H A a#

*
|I|
.Hl^/
Chap. VII. Q / P E R S 1 A. |...
C H A P .
The Author’s 'Journey to Sciras.
<N~A^ r XT'* ^rAnc^ Joftfhi had perfwa-
Gemelu. j p Jed me feveral times to T ra vel
1694- with him. to Rome; but finding me fully
refblv’d to go on to Jndoftm, he thought
fit to take the fame Courfe. He there-
fore hir’d twelve Mules o f a Ciarvattar
o f Scirasy for us and our Baggage, and
we fet out two Hours after N ight, on
Wednefday the, t ft o f September; F. Fran-
ci.t, F. Con(l antine o f the Holy G hof7
both Fort aguef t Augufiiniatis, F. Seven-
mis o f St. Jofeph, a Bare-foot Carmelite
o f Naples, and I. All o f us takirig our
Leaves o f the other Fathers with tender
' Afle&ion.
Being out o f ffpahan, and its N eigh-
bourhood, we held on our way by
Moon Light, and T ravelling nine Miles
in four Hours, through a plain but bar-
ren Country, came to the little Village
o f Spaneca, where we were forc’d to
Lodge that Night in the Mud Caravan-
fera7 and to flay all ThurJ'day 2d, for
the Load o f W ine, left at the D w el-
ling-Houfe o f the Dutch., through the
carelefnefs o f the Ctarvattar. In this Vil-
lage K in g Scia-Abas gave many Lands
to a Perfan Nobleman in Exchange for
the two Villages o f Jfpahan, taken from
him when he remov’d hi» c o u rt from
S c iw . T hey fay that Lord was fo pow-
crful, that the K ing difmowited when
lie pafs’d before his H oufej but I will
not Vouch for the Truth o f it. .1 ha-
rin g kill’d a great many Pigeons, and
the Load o f W ine being come by N oon,
we Supp’d merrily at Night.
Then mounting an Hour after Sun-
fet, we 1 ravell’d 24 Miles in ten Hours
to rhe Village and Caravanfera o f Magar7
fuffering much by the Cold and W ind,
Here o f our own free W ill we gave the
Rattars four A l’a fu , but would give no-
thing to two Wretches that guarded the
w ay in the Mountains. T he Caravan-
fera here mention’d was half a Mile
from the Village, Built twelve Years
before that time by Scia-Selemon, and
truly the Structure is Magnificent, be-
ing o f good Brick, adorn’d with long
rows ot T rees, and the Game about it
preferv’d for the King.
H avirg refted all Friday 3d, we fee
out at the fame Hour as the D ay be-
fore, and after fixteen Miles riding in
fix Hours, through a barren Country,
,
<SL
I lf
V II.
came to the little Mud C ity o f Cumif-
cia7 featcd in a fruitful Plain abounding
in excellent Fruit. W e flaying here
all Day the Fourth, I Diverted my fe lf
with /hooting o f Pigeons. T h e Kna- *
very o f the Ciarvattars was the caufe
o f our Travelling by Night, becaufe
they Slept by turns on their Afies, as
found as if they had been in Down Beds,
nothing concern’d that ^we loft our
Sleep. T o remedy this Evil, I refolv’d
with F. Francis, to threaten to Beat
them, if they ever Slept again upon the
Afs 5 for then they would certainly T ra-
vel by Day. They taking no Notice o f
the W arning given, had good Coi reftion
that N ight, being taken in the Fad 7
and from that time, as we had foreleen
they began to Travel by Day.
Saturday 4th, therefore we fet out two
Hours before N ight, and Riding lixteen
Miles in fix Hours, over a barren Coun-
try, flopp’d at the Caravanfera o f M af-
fa r-B ek , near which there were two
Country Honfes. Sunday 5th we took
our Journy about the fame time after
T ravellin g ten Miles pafs’d in the Night
by the little Village ol Junabat7 where
befides rhe Caravanfera is an Earth Fort,
made by the King. Advancing as ma-
ny Miles further we took up at the good
Caravanfera of Tyefacas, featcd on the
Bank of the R iver tho’ the other dwel-
lings are feated on the Rock , and in
fuel) manner, that the place is fuppos’d
to have been formerly a Fort. Here
we found better Bread than at lfpahan7
the Inhabitants being all well tc pafs,
T hat Night the Ciarvaitars were allow’d
to Sleep on their Afli/h Bed, in reward
fo r their Expedition the t)ay before.
Monday dtb, we departed at the lame
time, and T ravell’d 32 Miles in twelve
Hours, through Valleys naked o f all
T rees, and expos’d to Robbers 3 fo r
which reafon Scia-Jbas Built the Fort o f
Giambet, in the mid way, where there
is a Garrifon frill kept. A t break o f
Day we came to the Caravanfera o f the
Village o f Dighirdu7 but finding it ta-
ken up were forced to lie in a ruin’d
Houfe, or rather a Stable, with our
Beafts. Nothing troubl’d us but watch-
ing to ride by Night, and being clifturb’d
with Flies in the Day \ for we every
where found plenty o f Provifions at rea-
fonable
 >----- \ s w
f(f)t
' Go^*X
168 /i Voyage round the VV O R L D.
fonable Rates ^ fo that we far’d Plenti-
Gemelli. fully for three, or four Carlines o f N a -
1694. ties Mony ; and the want of Caravanfe-
ra’s was fupply’d by a portable Kitchin
F. Francis had furnifh’d with all Uteniils.
Thus in Ihort we wanted for nothing
but Snow to cool our Drink.
Tnefday 7th, we had fome Difturbance,
Upon occalion o f F. Francis breaking the
Head o f an Armenian, who very rudely
took the Part o f his Companion, that
bad cheated him o f 45 Tomans. W e
refted all Day in the Village, F. Severi-
ms o f Naples drefling the Wound * and
the reft o f us Diverting our felves in
feeing Caravans o f 4, or 500 Mules and
Camels together pafs by ; that being
the moft frequented Road for the T rade
o f India.
W e mounted at the ufual Hour, and
fix Miles from thence pafs’d by the Ca-
ravanfera o f Cbivola ; and fixteen Miles
further over the River Rutcuna, where
the Georgians that came with us, with
the Nets they ufually carry about them
took 150 Pounds weight o f good large
tithes. Then advancing fix Miles be-
yond it, we Lodg’d in the famous Ca~
ravanfera of the Village o f Cufcbifar,
which fignifies dry Poifon, a cold Place,
by reafon o f the Neighbourhood o f the
Mountains always cover’d with Snow,
T he Country about is cut a-crofs with
Trenches the Ferfians ufing wherefo-
ever they find Water to convey it after
that manner to enrich their Fields.
W hile we refted in the Caravanfera
on Wednefday 8th, four Oftridges, by
the Perfians call’d Chor-morgo, that is,
Camel Birds, were brought in, and two
wild Cows, which the Sultan o f Babe-
ren (a City on the Ferftan Gulph known
for its Pearl Filhery) or Governour o f
the Province was fending to the King,
Thefe Cows are as big as one o f our
Calves, but more Fat and Tender, tho’
they feed on Straw. T h eir Colour is
W hitilh, except the T a il and Feet, which
are B lack ; and on the Head there are
large black Spots i their Eyes are Spark-
lin g • their Horns {lender, ftrait, fmooth,
round, and two Spans long, with (harp
black Points.
About Sun-fetting we proceeded on
our Journey on a bad W ay, being ei-
ther marlhy Plains, or dreadful barren
Mountains ; among which we fa+v the
ruin’d Caravanfera o f Danbayne, former-
ly good, but abandon'd becaufe the Car-
vanferadar, or Keeper o f it had been
Murder’d by Robbers. A t length ha-
trifig Travelled twenty Miles in feven
\ 10
<SL
Book II.
Hours, the la ft three a fteep Defcent
we came to the ancient Caravanfera o f
the Village o f A'fpas, where the Coun-
try People’s Houfes arc little better than
Cottages.
Ihurfday 9th, we fet out again two ,
Hours before Night, and rode fixteen
Miles in lix Hours on a plain Road to
the Caravanfera, o f a Village call’d V -
giam, confiding o f a few Mud Houfes,
wheie we alighted. The Soil about it
does not want for Corn, by reafon o f
the neighbouring R iv e r, over which
there is a Bridge o f nine Stone-Arches,
Here I could not make life o f fome few
Pieces o f Brafs Coin 1 brought-, becaufe
throughout the Kingdom, every Pro-
vince makes its own, and will not take
any o th er} Nay, in fome Places they
will not take the Silver that is Coin’d in
another Government.
Friday 10th, fetting out at the fame
time, we rode eight Miles Climbing,
and then going down a rugged Moun-
tain* then four Miles further, we pafs’d
by the Village and Caravanfera o f M a-
mufada, and laftly twelve Miles beyond
that took up at the good Caravanfera o f
the Village o f Mayn. In this Place, tho’
feated among high Mountains, we Eat
good Figs, there being abundance o f
feveral Fruit-Trees, and good Tabacco,
which they carry to Jfpahan. F. Severi-
nits fell twice from his Mule before he
reach’d this Place, the W ay was fo bad,
and boing hid tn fettle the Pannel which
was come upon the Bealt's Neck, he an­
fwer’d Pleafantly, I will have it fufTer
for its F au lt; and left the Mule in that
uneafy Condition till the Ciarvattar came
up, who was two Miles and a half be-
hind, that is, half a Ferfian League,
The Georgians and Armenians our Friends,
took a prodigious quantity o f Filh, and
we had our lhare o f it. *
Saturday n th , we rode twenty Miles
through a plain Country, crofling the
River on a noble Stone-Bridge, a quar-
ter o f a Mile long, and lay at the e n ­
vanfera o f Abigherme, five Miles from
the Bridge, one fide whereof which was
like to fall being then mending. Near
that Place was the Mountain levell’d by
Alexander, for his Arm y to pafs.
W e let out late on Sunday Evening,
to go to a Village near Darius his Pa-
lace. Having loft our way in a marlhy
Country, the Catergis led us in the dark­
eft o f the Night to pafs over a narrow
wooden B rid g e; but my Armenian Ser-
vant, who firft try’d to pafs, falling in­
to the R iver Horfe and all, without re­
ceiving
■/xoS’

III
Chap. V 1H. Of P E R S l X
r-VyV-^ ceiviog any Hurt but being well wafh’cl,
Gcmelli. we alter'd our Delign, following the
1694. common Road, and thus having fpent
t / V V feven Hours in riding twenty Miles, we
came to the Catavanfera o f Polkor.
Four Miles fhort o f it, we.pafs’d upon
a Caufway two Miles in length, and
yet had much Trouble to get a Horfe
<a
.' K?g~
and Slave belonging to F. Francis out o f
the Mire.
T wo Bales o f Carpets being dry’d,
we fee out on Monday 13th , an Hour
after Night-fall, and T ravelling twelve
Miles over rugged Mountains, pals’d by
the Caravanfera o f Bef-taga, and pro-
ceeding as many Miles further, came at
break o f Day on Tuefday 1 4th, to Saras.

chap. viir.
A B rief Defer if tion o f the City o f Sciras.

" Eing come at laid to Sciras, w e were I cannot decide whether the Gardens Garden5i
B entertain d in the Houfe o f the Fa- o f Sciras are more delightful to the J
t'iiets o f S. Tcreja, F. Amadeus, a Piem- T a k e , by reafon of the variety and
ontefe, the Superior receiving us with excellency o f their F ru it; or to the Eye
very courteous Expieffions. for their long rows o f Ciprefs-Trees.
Seirit Sciras is feated fn the Latitude o f 28 Thus the Mud Houfes being hid by their
V jt y , Degrees, 4 4 Minutes, and 86 of Lon- Green at a difiance, it looks more like
gicude, in a delightful Plain enclos’d a W ood than a C ity, being fifteen Miles
with pleafant Mountains. Com ing from about, too great a compafs for 20006
Ifvahan, ther e is a way twelve Miles long Inhabitants.
pav’d with Flint regularly afeending T here are excellent Bazars cover’d Comma-
to the narrow Path cut out o f the Rock, with long Arches y and better Squares, dities,
which is the Pafiige into the City. T his Caravanferas, and Mofchs. Here they
W ay is adorn’d by a lofty Portico, which make Glaffes, cut Crifial indifferently
can be (hut againft Enemies, and de- for feveral U fes, drefs Leather, and
fended by a few Men • and for a confi- print Silks. Abundance o f Mony comes
derable fpuce the W alls o f the Gardens to the City for dry’d Fruit, W ine, Rofe-
joyning to it, being all Built alike, tho’ water, Oranges without Seeds, andFruifi
belonging to feveral Owners. Among pickled in Vinegar, wherewith it fup-
tfiem is a great Pool stone, in plies not only all Perfia, but IndojUn
which formerly there were Boats to take from the Ports o f Bander-Abajfi, and
f the A ir. Bander-Condo.
Its Name. Some will have it, That Sciras took In the Mint o f this C ity they Coin Govern-
fo. Baft, its Name from the Pcrfutn W ord Scire, Brafs, hut feldom Silver. T he Govern- meat.
Ni. Col. w hich ligiiifies Muff, becaufe bf the great ment o f the Province whereof Sciras is
N m ' P%' quantity bf W ine made abbut it. As M etropolis^is one o f the beft in Perfid,
v'Seim . a 'f° that all the Plain ir (lands on was its juHsdididft extending towards Ijpa-
jfi former times a great Lake y and that ban, as far as the Village b f Afpas,which
lexis. after the Deftruftioa o f Perfepolis, the is five Days Journy for a Caravan.
Geog.Pbil Inhabitants thereof, filling it, fettled Tuefday 14th, I went to fee two Gar- Two Gaf-
Ferrsr. Habitatidrt there •, founding the dens fallen to the King by Forfeiture, dens.
Vlfiurn New City. T his they are the more in- T h e Firft is under the Hill call’d D d-
* ‘ " clin’d to believe, becaufe in fome Parts jp f e i, from which flows a R iver that
o f it they have found large Iron Rings, rims through the midft o f the Garden,
like thofe they de Boats to on the I found not only the Palace, but the
Shore. T rees were all decay’d, and that the
., T h e two moft valuable Things in Sci- W ater ferv’d the People o f Sciras for
luable " ras are W ine, and W om en, whofe whitening o f Cloth. On this fame
Things in Beduty is To extraordinary, that it ferves Mountain is a very ancient Strufture,
it. * infteacl o f a Portion. Therefore crafty which appears to have been formerly a
Mahomet had good caufe, as fdme fry Fort, toferve which there is a W ell o f
not to go Into it on any Account, for a vaft depth dug in the Rock,
being fenfible o f his own Weaknefs, he The other Garden is on the left o f
knew it might put a greater flop to his the Road, coming from Ifpahan. T his
Vi& orics, than Capua did to Hannibal's. is one o f the beff about Sciras, for it has
Vol. IV. y fid*

rM
f(|)|
A y— ^ v

I (§L
j

—........ - --- - . - I............... ' ■—

-- ---- ------------ . ' '■
170 A Voyage round the W O R L D . Book II.
fx y ^ > not only doable Rowes o f CiprefTes all T h e reft o f the King’s Gardens are
Gemelli. about ft, but is a perfect regular W ood in a wretched Condition, through the
iPSH* o f Rofes and Fruit-Trees, being all cut negled o f thofethat ought to take care
^ V \; into Squares, like a Chefs-board. But o f them; as is ufual in all parts o f the
the W all about it was fallen in many W orld, where they are not afraid of
Places. the Prince’s Eye, and the Officers are
not call’d to juftify their proceedings.

C H A P . IX .
The Deferf t ion of Darius’* Palace, and other Rains Perfepolis.

H O ’ many, with realbn, are o f where the famous Perfepolis is fuppos’d

T Opinion, there is nothing in the
W orld more wonderful, or to be
mir’d by curious Perfons, than what
Hill remains o f the magnificence o f the
ancient Rome ■, yet there are Lome that
affiun all this is nothing if compar’d with
the Pyramids o f Egypt, and the W orks
o f Alexander the G ieat, that laft to this
Day. But thofe who havetravell’d fur-
ther do maintain that neither the Roman
nor Egyptian Antiquities, nor the Stru-
ftures of Alexander the Great are to be
compar’d to the Ruins o f Perfepolis, and
among the reft_ to Darius’* Palace. A
juflifyable Curiolity therefore prevail-
ing upon me, on Wednefday 1 5th I hir’d
two Horfes, for my Self and my Servant,
for three Abafis a Day, and fetting out
rode 20 Miles before I came to the R i-
ver and Bridge of Polixan. In this place
there were Rattars, but Civil, and not
Troublefome to T ravellers like thofe o f
Tauris. Then leaving the Mountains
we travell’d a marfny Road, and at fifteen
Miles end an Hour befoie Sun fet, w e
alighted at the Caravanfera of the V il-
lia g e o f Mirxafcon, half a League diftant
from Darius’ s Palace.
T h e Carvanfedar, or Keeper o f the
Caravanfera inquir’d o f my Servant what
brought me thither, and knowing the
Caufe o f my coming faid to him, if your
M ailer can read an Infcription, there is
in the Palace, he will find a great T rea-
fure } but if he cannot, allure him that
when he goes into a certain Grot he will
remain there Dead. The Armenian be-
ing frighted at thefe W ord s, when I
was goingon Thurfday i6thin the Morn-
ing to fee that Antiquity, fet himfelf fo
pofuivcly not to go with mq, that I
had enough to do to get him a,t leaft to
Hay a Mile from the Place to look to the
Horfes.
vmus's T o come to the Point, this vaft Fa-
Palace.5 hrick is ac the Foot o f a high Mountain,
that overlooks a Plain above thirty
Miles in Length, and twenty in Breadth,
to have flood. T h e Front o f it looks
ad- towards the W eft, and is 500 o f my
Paces in L en g th } the North Side 400,
the South 250 } on the Eaft it has the
Mountain iullead o f a Wall. Its Shape,
as may appear by the Dimenfions, is ir-
regular, and may be compar’d to a For-
tiefs } for thoit has no T ow ers, as was
us'd when it was built, yet It has on e-
very Side leveral Angles at certain D i-
fiances, unitoimly difpos’d, and may
be call’d halt Bullions, according to the
true Rules o f M ilitary Architedure.
The Stones it is made o f are o f a prodi-
gious Magnitude, and it plainly ap­
pears they were dug in the neighbouring
Mountain, as well becaufe o f its near-
nefs, as becaufe they make the top o f it
plain, and equal with the Palace. The
W alls o f the firft Floor ftill Handing,
are crufted over with Black Marble,
and in fome Places 10 , in others 20,
and in others 30 Foot high.
On the South Side outwards there is An In.
an Infcription cut on an empty Space itription.
15 Spans long, and 7 broad, in fuch a
Chara&er, that there is now no under-
Handing Perfon in the W orld that can
make any thing o f it. It is neither Cal-
dee, nor Hebrew, nor Arabick., nor Greek,
nor o f any o f chofe Languages the Learn-
ed have Knowledge, but only Triangles
o f feveral Sorts, feverally plac'd, the
various placing whereof perhaps form-
ed divers W ords, and exprefs’d fome
Thoughts. The moft receiv'd Opinion
is, that they are Chara&ers of the an-
tient Goris, who were Sovereigns o f
Perfia-, but this is not eafily to be made
out, the Goris themfelves being at pre-
fent very ignorant as to their Antiqui-
ties, and unfit to give any Judgment o f
fuch things.
T h e great Stair-cafe o f the Palace is
on the W eft Side, buc not juft in the
middle, being a little towards the North
on the Side of the Village of Mirxafcon.
It parts into two, each o f which has the
W all

m
 ---- \
/\is& ' Go^«X
|ll
"V' ' ' ‘ . ' ' •
Chlplix: ^ Of p E R S I A.
( \ J ^ W all oil the one Side, and a Bannifter
Gemelli. o f the fame Marble on the other. Both
j 594. o f them are o f the fame Workmanlhip,
and in the midft o f each is a fquare
Landing Place, as broad as the Stairs,
to reft, and then turning to Inch ano-
ther, it leads up to the firft Floor j lo
that the Stair-cafe makes three Quarters
o f a Circle j and itafcends two oppo-
fite ways, that is, on the right and left
circularly up to the firft Floor, as was
faid above. I cannot think any W ords
can exprefs its Magnificence j for if we
regard the breadth, it is o f 30 Foot, if
the eafinefs o f the Afcent it is fuch that
there are 95 Steps to rife, 22 Geome-
trical Feet. T he Stones are 30 and 35
Spans long each, and o f a proportiona-
ble depth, fo that fix or feven Steps are
cut out o f one Stone \ and if it hapned
to break in any Place, it was to artifi-
d ally mended, that the fharpeft Eye can
fcarce find out the Jo y n tj and hence it
is that thofe who are lefs underftanding,
think thofe Stairs are either made o f one
Stone, which would be impoffible, or
elfe cut out o f the Rock. Befides, both
the Stairs and W alks, are o f a Sort o f
Black Marble, fa hard, that it has with-
Rood the Injuries o f Tim e for fo many
Ages, and preferves the Memory o f fo
wonderful and rare a W ork.
From the fquare Landing Place, where
the two Stair-cafes end you go into a
Portico o f W hite Marble, 20 Foot wide.
T h e Architrave is now fallen j but by
the Pillars ftill u appears to
have been built with fuch A rt and Ma-
R ery, that it w ill be hard to find the
Remains o f any Romm Stru«9ture to
compare with it. On it are carv’d in
> Bafs Relieve two Beafts, as big as Lie-
phants, holding out their Pleads, as i f
i they look’d at the aforefaid Stair-cafes.
T h ey ar$ either fome odd Fancy o f the
W orkm en , or elfe fome Hieroglyfbick
o f the Antients to exprefs the Empires
o f the Medes and Perfans, the Bodies
being like Horfes ; the Feet and T ails
o f Oxen, long, and turning up like a
y o n s. ’ mention'd. But that Row towards the
Tw enty Spans further upon the lame
Line, are two fluted Columns with their
\ Capitals and Bafes, o f a whitilh Stone,
but fomewhat inclining to Red. T heir
height befides Capitals and Bafes is about
70 Foot, and fo thick, that three Men
can fcarce fathom them, every one o f
them having 40 Flutes, each 3 Inches
over. A t a like diftance Rreighc for-
ward there are two other Pilafters, neat-
ly carv’d like the Firft, only with this
Vol. IV.
/ • ; '
»
§L
__ l 7f_
difference, that the Beafts carv’d on the
latter have W ings and Men’s Heads
looking towards the Mountain. Over
each o f thefe Columns there are three
Infcriptions in the fame Chara&er, raak-
ing in all T w elve,
Beyond this Portal, or Hall, for fucK
the Order o f the Columns and Pilafters
feem co make it, on the right Side is
fuch another double Stair-Cafe, leading
to the upper Chambers. It is narrow-
er, being but 25 Foot broad, and lhort-
er than the Firft, but incomparably more
Beautiful and Stately} for on its Walls
and Parapets there is fomething carv’d
in BafsRelieve, like a Triumph, confift-
ing o f a great T rain o f People in feveral
Parcels, finely clad, carrying lomeBan-
ners, and others Gifts to offer. A t laft
comes a Chariot drawn by feveral Horfes,
with a little A ltar, out o f the middle
whereof a Flame riles. This might up-
on good Grounds be faid to be fome
Procelfioa for Sacrifice, for we know,
and particularly from Herodottu, that
the antient Perfans ador’d the Fire j and
that the Kings carry’d it along with
them in a ftately Chariot when they
went to W a r ; and perhaps thofe I faid
were Offerings, are Caskets of Perfumes,
which the ingenious Carver Feigns are
carry’d before it to burn now and then.
On the other fide are carv’d wild Beafta
fighting, and among them a Lion and a
Bull are done to the utmoft Perfc&ion,
their Fierccncfs being fo lively repre-
fented, that it feems to make Nature if
fe lf Blufh; and this the more becaufe
the hardnefs o f the Stone has preferv’d
the moR curious Workmanlhip.
A t the top o f this fecond Stair-cafe
is a fquare Place, encompafs’d with Co-
lumns, whereof only feventeen are now
Randing, tho’ by the Pedeftals it ap-
pears there were an Hundred 5 and fome
o f thofe left want the Capitals. But
they are fluted, and o f one entire Piece
Of white and red Marble, fome fixty,
others feventy Foot high, and twelve
o f them as thick about as thofe before
Plain, and the two towards the Moim- N
tain, are more ordinary than the others.
T h ey fay thefe fupported the Tem ple
o f the Sun, and not without fome Ihow
ofreafon, but nothing can be afferted
becaufe o f the Ignorance o f the Perfians,
as to their Antiquities,
On the fame flo o r, clofe by the laid
Columns, is a place 50 Foot fquare, en-*
clos’d with Walls 6 or 7 Foot thick \
where formerly there were many Rooms,
Y 2 oi
/.
 <SL
■ v • ■, '"■■ 'T7S7W w . Wf

I . •
■' f ' ‘ ' . *, ■ : ’ V'■: ' '/"'V':"
»

ij2 A Voyage round tie W O R L D. Book 1L

f V A / 1 o f a much finer Marble than that hither- In the inner part, and exa&ly in the
Gentelli. to defcrib’d, and fo wonderfully carv’d, midff o f the Palace, is the Amphithea-
1 69^. that I muft have fpent many Days to ter fo r the fhows o f wild Beaffs, and
take a full View o f the Figures, and other Sports, as plainly appears i f I am
whole Months to draw them. There not miffaken, by the Figures cut in half
are four Doors into this Place, excellent- Relieve in feveral parts o f it, which are
ly carv’d, and adorn’d with the moll o f Men fighting with wild Bealls with
curious and beautiful Foliage imaginable, Knives in their Hands, and others wrelt-
and in fome Places Infcriptions in the ling with Lions. There are alfo Princes
fame Character before-mention’d. On- fitting with Truncheons in their Hands,
ly the W alls o f thefe Chambers are now or walking under Embrelloes. Other
Handing, being 24 Foot high, all the Figures have Veflels in their Hands, o-
Arches being gone to Ruin, and the thers Spears, and fome play on fuch a
Floor full of the Stones fallen down, Pipe as theGod Pan is Painted with, con-
and o f excellent carv’ d Marble that a- filling o f feven R eed s, orderly joyn’d
dom ’d it in fome Places. The W in- together. It is poflible all thefe Figures
dows look’d into the Court, or upon the might be placed there barely for Orna-
firfl F lo o r; and there are feveral at fmall ment, but the Situation and Nature o f the
di fiances three Foot wide, fix Foot high, Place incline me to believe it ferv’d for
and three Foot from the Ground. Shows, as was faid before. T his Stru-
Which way foever a Man turns his dlure is not above fifty Paces o f mine
Eye on this fecond Floor, left Handing Square, and Hands on the EaH-fide, as
in fpight o f the Malice o f Tim e, there do all thofe hitherto defcrib’d.
appear feveral Figures cut in Bafs and Before we proceed further, it is to
half Relieve. Particularly in a Place fif- be obferv’d, that befides the rare De­
teen Spans fquare , near the aforefaid fign and Workmanfliip o f all thofe Fi-
Parcel o f Columns, which appears to gures here fpoken o f , they are very
have been in the nature o f a Hall. I law remarkable for their variety o f H abits;
Men Carv’d fighting with Lions , or for fome have long Beards down to the
holding Unicorns by the H orn; or elfe W ake, and the Hair on the other Side
Hood with Knives in their Hands like the fo fhort, it fcarce touches the N e c k ;
antient Roman Gladiators, ready to kill others have a flat round Cap on their
the wild Beafls they held in their Hrong Heads, and their Garments down to their
and brawny Arms. In other Places Heels, W ide, full of Gathers, juH like
there were Princes, as it were in T r i- the Gow ns o f the Senators o f Venice,
umph attended by a numerous Train. Ou anti with fiich wide Sleeves that they
two oppofite Tides were two Figures o f hang down to their Kncca, and on their
Giants on each; in other Places Princes Feet they have fomething like wooden
fitting giving Audience to Ambaffadors, Sandals, or Cloggs. Other Figures dif-
or elfe moving under large Umbrelloes. fer from thefe only in the Eyes, which
On the South fide W all left Handing, they have fomewhat higher over theFore-
which is the higheft part o f that Floor, head. Others have lhorter Hair and
befides feveral Stones lying about the Beards, and taller Caps. T here are al-
Ground, there are Hill to be feen Princes fo Servants carrying Poles with Horfe-
carry’d in Chairs, with Courtiers by ihad- T ails faHned to them to drive away the
ing them with Umbrelloes. T here are Flies. But the moH remarkable thing
other Statues with Veflels in their Hands, o f all is, that among fo many hundred
and Men leading Creatures like. Rams, Figures as are in that great Stru&ure,
which doubtlefs exptefs fome proceflion there is not one o f a W om an; and next,
for Sacrifice. N ot far o ff on a PilaHer the hardqefs and brightnefs o f the Mar-
o f the fame black Marble, is an Infcrip- ble, which Hands as if it were newly fi-
tion in the fame Character, and another nifh’d without the leaH decay, and yet
on fuch another Stone; which I obferv- what is meerly a Miracle in Nature, it
in g , and remembring thofe I had feen has continu’d three thoufand Years, for
before, began to confider with my felf, we cannot allow it lefs Antiquity than
how eafily humane Judgmentis miflaken, that o f the A drian Monarchy, o rat leaH
and how different things happen to what o f the Median ; tho fome think thole
Man propofes to him felf; for whereas Habits much antienter, but without any
the Author thought by means o f thofe good Ground.
Infcriptions to have eterniz’d his Memo- Afcending a Musket Ihot towards the
ry with PoHerity, which the beauty o f Mountain there is a Front thirty Foot
the W ork well deferv’d, yet quite the Square cut on the Rock it felf, with Fi-
contrary we fee is fallen out. Sures
 Xa^£ ■ e°5 x
111
Chap. ix. of p e r TF a
r s J V > gures of white Marble let in it, but Bat-
Gemelli. ter than thofe already mention’d. Oa
i<5.94" the upper part is a Man Handing, with a
O 'W J Bow in his Hand, looking on an Idol
that has a human Body, and monftrous
Feet, carry’d in Triumph. By him is a
Fire burning in a fort o f a Trough, and
aGlobecarvd; under it are Menfupport-
ing this Mafs with their Heads and Hands
lifted up, and below that feveral Crea-
tures. A ll thefe Figures o f Men have
Ihort Hair and long'Beards 5 and wear
a fort o f Caps they call Caksh, like thofe
the Turks wear, but without any Border
like the Turbant Under this Frontif-
piece there is a low Arch cut, creeping
into which on ail four, I found two
Tombscut out of the very Rock, and
cover’d with two Stones feven Spans
long, and three in breadth; but they
were full of Water, which drops from
Inctn. Aut the Arch. Here the royal Treafure is
jifuxdifc. fuppos’d to be bury’d ; tho’ that partial-
1.5.c. 13- larG rot, or Cave the Fa rva n fed a rfp o k e
of, was made by Order o f the Cham o f
the Province, on account o f the People
that went tMther continually to dig to
try their Fortune.
Tw o Musket: (hots further South-
ward, on the lame Line and Rock, is an-
other Frontifpiece like the laft, with fuch
Figures, and Inch an Arch under it, with-
in which inllead of one there are three
Separations, with each o f them a Tomb
cover’d with the fame Stone, but with-
out any Water in them.
An hundred Paces without the Palace
Southward, is a Column Handing, like
thofe before mention’d, whofe Bale is the
Rock it fe lf; but it is no eaiie matter to
Judge what was the ufc of it.
The Per[iam Call all this wonderful
Work hitherto deferin’d Celmonar , Or
the forty Pillars, for Cel fignifies forty,
and M onar a Pillar ; and tho’ there are
now but twenty Handing, it is to be Hup-
pos’d there were forty when they gave
it theName,and that Iince then they either
fell with Age, or were carry’d away for
lome other Structure. Some looking
Baudran back for fabulous Originals, fay this
v^pfrfep! was ^ Per feus the Son of Ju p ite r
Jcp’ and D a m e , from whom the Per f a n Na-
tion took its Name.
Others are of Opinion thefe are the
Ruiiis of a famous Temple built by A h a -
[teems, at the foot of a Mountain which
ran into the antient P erfepolis ; others will
have it to be D a riu s ’s Palace, but can-
y f f noj not lay which of them, by reafbn of
Levantl. the Antiquity of the Tradition ; and
p.1.3. p. their Opinion being the mod probable,
7* ' 1
* •
■J&*Lff* . g. 1.,
<SL
a Iff
we will follow it with the fam e uncer-
tainty. In fhort, obferving thefe Warble
and Jafper Stones, with the figns of Fire
on them, which b y teaion of the hard-
nefs has only fpoil’d the beauty of the
Face, I call’d to Mind whatantientHifto- M ,,
rians have left written, that A le x a n d e r f e i v n i f ’
being once Drunk, fet Fire to D arius’s ver[T<m .
Palace, at the mitigation o f Thais his s.p 172. ’
Concubine, who thus thought to Revenge Siiint.Curt.
the burning of Athens her Country by ' “> ,
X erx es and D arius. A lexa n d er commit- v / b iiu s l
ted this Folly about the Year o f the x.Perfe-
W orld 3724. but the unexculable Na- folis'
tives have done it feveral times iince.
None that have feen fuch beautiful and Gran.viS-
Hateiy Remains o f venerable Age, will ion.de Mo-
doubt of the great Antiquity and IVlagni- reri-.T*.
licence o f the City of Perfepolis; for tho PerT i,<>hu
holy W rit and prophane HiHories give
us only an account of the ancient N in iv e
and Babylon, yet it is noc to be fuppos’d
there may not be others more ancient;
befides that the precious and almoHever-
Jailing Relicks o f Celm'onar and the City
Perfepolis arefo far in the Fall, that they
have been little frequented by Europeans,
and unknown to ancient Hiftorians, fo
that they could not give that account
which the frequent relbrt of Strangers
has Iince communicated to the learned.
A good inftance hereof we have in the .
Cicy Memphis, which was not inferior ei-
ther to N in ive or Babylon, either for An-
ciquity or ir« firaic throughout the
World, byreafonof the long and never
interrupted Race ot its Kings; and yet
what great account do antient HifloriknS
make o f it ? And were it not that E n -
raps am now often travel into Egypt and
relate Wonders of thofe vail Pyram ids?
which after all are only mighty heaps ot
Stone, and rather lhow the Power and
Wealth than the Ingenuity o f the Foun-
ders, who would conceive fo great an 1-
deaofthem , as now generally we do?
Now were Perfia as much frequented by j mb-yajg
Europeans, how would the Remains of deG.ir.ck
this truly Royal Palace be extoU’d, where s >lva de
Artfeems to have done itsuimoflto fur-
pafs Nature, in the delicacy of the Car- ^
ving; and Nature in furnilhing a proper
Matter for fuch noble Work ? For my
part I am of opinion it ought not only
to be reckned as one of the feven Won-
ders o f the World, fo much talk’d of
by the Antients; but that there neither p b il.k rr*r
is, nor ever was a Wonder in the World v. Perfeps-
to compare to it, B*»
There is no Queflion to be made, but
that the antienc Perfepolis Hood in this
Place, confidcring the Fertility of the
Sltoar-
f(t|
• Goi^N.
//> —xV \
. •
/i 1/oyage roMid the W O R L D.
C K j^ n Situation, and the nearnefs o f the R iver
GernellL A raxts, now call’d Bendamir, near which
i<?9+. the Antients plac’d it. Belides, the A u-
U X /V J thorsthat write o f it fay, that four hun-
dred Paces from it in a Mountain call’d
M o m Royd, the Sepulchers o f their
Kings are cut out o f the R o c k ; which it
is plain muftbeunderftood o f the Tom bs
1 have already deferib’d, which are cut
in thefolid Rock on the Eaft-fide; and
Figueroa therefore when they fp eak o f the Palace
in loco ci- burnt by Alexander the Great, at the o-
ut0 • verthrow o f the Perfu n Empire, and o f
the Citadel o f Perfepolis? they muft needs
mean this Place. It is a great misfortune
that the noble Remains o f Antiquity in
A fia Ihould be among fuch barbarous N a-
tions, as endeavour utterly to deftroy
them ; that Strangers may want that oc-
cafion o f reforting thither. T here would
be no need o f fo many Conje&ures could
the unknown Characters in feveral Places
o f the Palace be Read. A ll the Learn-
ed that thought they could have explain’d
them have been difappointed; nor could
any Man yet be found that could make
the leaft of them. I do not at all admire
th is; and I am o f Opinion that when the
Per ft an Em pire was transfer’d to other
Nations, the new Kings, that the N a-
tives might not retain the leaft Memory
o f their former Greatnefs and A ffeaion
to their lawful Sovereigns, forbid the
ufe o f the antient Chara&ers, introdu-
cing new Habits, n e w Cuftoms, and a
new manner o f W ritin g ; that lb the
next Generation might better bear the
new Yoke. T his Policy is in ufe now as
well as in pall Ages. It is little above
half an Agefince China was reduced tin-
der the grievous Tartar Y o k e ; andthefo
tho’ Ignorant, Rude, and o f brutal Man-
ners, yet endeavour to make that noble
Nation forget its antient Cuftoms, and
I l ‘t ' t y, j j Juts STi.
nk
%L
Book 11.
the excellent Form o f its Governm ent;
tlio’ they are fcnfible o f the incontroula-
ble Oppofition o f the Chinefes, who with
much reafonftandupfor the Prefervation
o f their juft Laws and Heathen Cuftoms.
So Ihould we put a W ritin g in the anti-
ent Charafter o f thofe Iflands into the
Hands o f the Inhabitants o f the Philip-
pines, which is like that o f China, it is
moft certain none o f them would under-
Hand it, becaufe they all apply themfelves
to the Spanish Tongue. How much more
difficult then muft it be for the People o f
Pcrjia to readantient Infcriptions, fome
thou lands o f Years after the fubverlion
o f their Empire? Such precious Remains
o f Antiquity well deferve to be cut in
Copper for the fatisfaftiqn o f the Inge-
nious, before they are quite loft through
the fault o f the N a tiv e s; but it is a dif-
ficult matter to draw above two thoufand
BalTe Relieves, and a vaft charge to print
them. T he Reader therefore will think
it enough that I have drawn the Plan o f
the Palace, with fome o f the principal
F ig u re s; that there may be fome know-
ledge o f the feveral Habits o f the anti-
ent Perpans', and two Lines o f twelve
there are in the Infcription on the Pilal-
ter o f the firft F lo o r ; perhaps hereafter
fome more fortunate Searcher into the o-
riental Languages may employ hts W it
on it. .
Having very well fpent all the D ay in
feeing and diftin&ly obferving, the belt
part o f thofe Antiquities, I return’d, and
was fcarce come to the place where I had
left my Armenian Servant, before I hear’d
him as’k me whether I had found theTrea-
fu re; he believing the Inlcriptions were
in Portuguese, and that I had Read them
and taken the Treafure, as the Carvanfe-
dar had told him ; which made me laugh
H eartily all the W ay.
" ’ ' '
Mounting
 ,---- -
■ G°Cx
© <SL
Cbp-IX. ~~ Q / P E R S I A .
( ' _________________________ __________ ______ __ _______
-■ -f' ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
fs j^ i Mounting a Horfeback I return’d to
Gemelli. Mirxafcon. By the way on the Lake I
1694. kill’d a ftrange Bird, all white, only a
<y*V *V little reddilh under the W in g s; it has
long Legs and Feet like a G o o fe ; the
Beak long and flenderer at the top than
bottom, the Portuguefes call it Flamengo
or Flemming.
Thurfday t6th, at Night I lay in the
fame Caravanfcra, and Friday 17th , be-
times got a Horfeback for Sciras. B y
the way I met three Robbers taken by
the Cham o f Sciras’s Souldiersat M F x a f-
row, for having Robb’d and Murder’d fe-
veral Travellers on the Road. They were
led with a triangular Yoke about their
Necks, like that w e put upon Sw in e;
which put me in Mind o f that the Romans
laid on their Slaves that had committed
a Fault, which made the Poets call them
Furciferi. Every one had his right Hand
made fall with a crooked Staff to the
thick part o f the laid Yoke, fo that there
was no getting it loofe. A little further
on I faw an Engine to draw up W ater
into the Gardens, quite different from
I '
175
,- ____________________ .
ours •, for whereas in onrs a Horfe or
Mule goes round, there an Ox drew a
Rope out right.
Before I conclude this Chapter I mult
fpeak o f F. Amadeus. W hilft we flay’d
at Stiras he would not permit us to be at
any Expence, left it fhould be a breach
o f the Laws o f Hofpitality ; but on the
other Hand he was fo frugal, that we did
not only want the power of filling our
Bellies at his T a b le , but for the moft
part the ill Relifh o f his Dyet was very
ungrateful to our Palace. T he Fow l
that were left at Noon were drefs’d again
at Night, and if they were not eaten by
reafon o f their ungrateful Savour, what
Was taken away Rofted appear’d the next
D ay Boil’d, and thus the good Father
who was a great Peripatetkk endeavour’d
by the means o f Fire to reduce the not
eatable Subftance intothe form o f Straw ,
from that o f a Carkas; and it was ftill
worfe if a Filh Day did not follow. T d
compleat the Entertainment he gave U S
to drink a fort o f Liquor, which it Would
have been equally falfe to call eithef
W in e
H i,
IP . §L
—< V \ '

175 Voyage round the W O R L D« Book IL

Z ~ V ^ ~ W in* or 'Vinegar" In other refpeds
1 : " T \ *i c ^ at inn o f a aood R eli-
Gemelh, he hadi the R e$ 1“ t F rv Life •
K “ Sb S - “ t o exceravVpa/limon,’
K w S er fflonitht fit bv his Superi-
Srs to govern formal MQnaVties, left
tho R e S lhotild Starve under him.
T o ? o n S , he exercis'd his Zeal for
Abftinence in the Hofpith >», upon a poor
t r ip , Religious Man, his Companion,
fcventy Years o f A ge, making him Fall
feverely at thofe Y ears; but.F.Amadsns
knew his Civility would not pafs unre-
warded with % and to fiy the Truth
he had a Toman, that is, 19 Crowns of %
F. Francis, for five_ hnngry D ays w e j d
Penance at his Table, and yet he would
not, or could not govern his natural
Covetotifnefs.

H■ g v , I^Kdgpi
The End of tbs Second B O O K .

^ ___,„r ___ __............................... .

A V O Y -

v ,
 • e° i jx
|l|
"Chap. I. ____________ __ ___________ 177
V O Y* a * Round the W O R L D,
By Dr.
PART II-
Containing the moft Remarkable Things he law in
P E R S
BOO K
C H A P .
The Author continues his Journey to Bander Congo.
^ F. Francis was indifpos’d,
I either by reafon o f the ill A ir
uemeiu. Qf S c-ra^ or fonic other caufe
unknown, and notin a condition to tra-
v e l} yet to get away from P. Amadeus,he
hir’d other Bealls, and on Saturday 18th,
having loaded our Luggage, we began
y our Journey about an hour after it was
N ight, without any Supper.
W e travell’d all Night, and ftay’d on
Sunday 19th, at the Village o f Bagbun,
which fignifies Gardner, 30 Miles from
Sciras. T h e common days Journey was
to Babagi 10 Miles Ihortof this, but we
advanc’d as far as Bagbun, becaufe it
was our new Ciarvattar’s T ow n .
Monday 20th, F. Francis relapfing, a
Black Woman was fent for to Cup hirp.
Odd way T hc manner how (he did it being very
ping.llP' odd, I lhall not omit to fet it down,
She plac’d a Glafs like the head o f a Lim -
beck on the Patient’s back, and moving
it up and down, fuck’d the A ir ftrongly
through the Pipe:, then fhe fcarrify’d the
Flelh, and fucking again drew the Blood
into the fame Vcffel. Other Women
inftead o f a G la fs, make ufe o f a
Horn.
Vol. IV.
§;.
Stv ESwk
w
%
g e
JohnFrancisGemelli Careri.
I A i
III,
I.
Tuefday 2 1ft, wc fetoutaa hour before
N ight, and traveled as we had done the
D ay before, over a Plain well ftor’d
with W ild Boars, and Gazelles, where-
o f I told 50 in only 3 Miles riding. W e
loft our way near the Caravanfera, and
were conduced to that o f M u ffin by
a Guide, after travelling 20 Miles in 7
Hours, tho’ the common Road is 25
Miles from the Caravanfera o f Babagu
W e met a Ciater or exprefs, who be-
fidesthe Bells about his wafte, to make
him be known for a Beaft, wore long
colour’d Feathers in his Turbant ty’d
one above another like a Creft, or
Plume.
Wednefday 22d, we travell’d along a
bafe ftony Road, and going up an afeent
o f \1 Miles, came to the Caravanfera
o f Paerra after riding 20 Miles in 8
Hours. Thurfday 23d, we cravell’d 23
Miles in 8 Hours on a plain Road to the
Caravanfera o f Bflhmayer, which is built
with Lime and Stone, a rare thing in
Perfta. Fifteen Miles further we came
to a another Caravanfera, call’d o f
Gbezi,
z Before
I
-\ 1
■'* •vT' v: ; ITv
I •; I
I
ft)!
X ^ V -vjX ^ y
178 ytf Ffljwge f&e W O R L D.
* v jV / 0 Betore we fee out on triday 24th, a
vie meHi. Dervis that dwelt in this Caravdnferat
1694. putting on a long Shirt, with a Sheeps
0 ''‘V S J Skin on his back like a Rochet, and an-
other on his Head for a Cap, came to
make a ridiculous Sermon, tor an Alms
o f a few Gaz.es. The Road vve travell’d
was a mid if Fields o f Rice, where I faw
the firft Dates, and then Barren to the
Caravan]era o f Mokak in all 25 Miles,
and 8 Hours riding. A bundance o f Par-
fridges, came tamely to the Caravanfcra
door, to feed on the Corn the Mules
dropt. A t this place begins the ufe o f
CiItem s, and continues to Congo, becaufe
there are few Brooks, and the Rivers
are Salt, as running through Salt Pits,
T h ere are two Caravanferas at Mokak y
the new and the old, which wants but
little repair, and yet the Mahometans
negleft it, they are fo inclin’d to new
Structures.
„ itm Saturday ayth, we fet out again about
Cm riOQu, along a good Road, and t iding 30
Miles ia ro Hours, when we crofsd
feveral imaii Brooks, we came to the
C ity Gea>on. I his City looks more like
a W ood, becaufe its Houfes are feat-
ter d among abundance o f Palm-trees,
which yield a considerable profit with
their Dates, being the belt in Perfa . It
is. lea ted *a a Sandy Plain, encouipafs’d
with high Mountains y and tho’ ftnall has a
Vtzaer with ample Jurifdidion. T h e
Gatdens ate pleaiant, being water’d by
the neighbouring Brooks, and have plea*
ty of good Fruit, or Oranges, Grapes,
and Melocotoons. T he Houfes are not
amifs, many o f them being o f Lime and
Stone, which is rare in Pcrjia, where
they are generally o f Mud. By the way
i kill’d abundance o f Partridges, thofe
Plains abounding in two forts o f them y
the one like ours in Italy y and the other
about the bignels o f a Quail, with the
Feathers o f the colour o f a Hawks
breaft.
Sunday 26th, we retted in a Noble C a-
ravanfera,wc\] built, near Gearon. Here
at Dinner 1 found a roafted Line o f a
Gazelle very good Meat, it being as ten-
der as the Veal at Sorrento, in the King-
dom of Naples; and o f a very fragrant
thofe G reat# es feeding on St.
> » » s-wort, S id other fweet Herbs the
Fields in ?«/■ /<* are cover’d wit h. They
have a Head like a Sheep, with Horns
half a Span long , and the Body and
Hair like a Goat y they live on the Moun-
ta in s, winch being generally bare o f
Grafs, they come down in the Night
firft 'ra? 6 ° a thC Plaln> 35 W3S fa‘d ifl the
r *" ''u‘ L
st O
§L
KJ a . a
Book tl I.
Monday 27th, we proceeded on our
Journey betimesy and having fearce tra-
veil’d 5 Miles on the Plain, began to
climb fteep Mountains for 20 Miles to
the Caravanfera o f Cim alk. That day
1 faw fcich Multitudes o f Partridges, on-
ly o f the European fort, feeding on the
Plain and Road, that I believe 1 never
beheld the like. I did not go a ftep but
I faw fwarms o f them, aid kill’d about
20 on the Ground, Without any trouble y
and might have had many more, i f I
would, for they are not much frighted
and ouly Hy a little way, and alight a-
gain. I alio faw abundance o f Garzelles.
Belides I met feveral Perfan Peafants, perfim
who w o ieafm aliC ap o f white Felt, cut Peafants.
on the tw o oppofite iides. T hefe tho*
poor, are well manner’d, lincere, honelt
and Ample y tho’ they love Mony as well
as the Turks, they are not lb falfe, and/
fuch Enemies to Chr if! ians, nor fo haugh-
ty , being civil to Franks, in faluting and
vilitingthem.
W e fet out late on Tuejday 28th, and
riding 20 Miles in 7 Hours, over Hills
and Plains, came to the Caravanfera of
Maujer, clo feto which was an excellent
O .chardof Palm-trees full o f Dates, as
allb o f Orange and Limoti-trees, but
not well look'd after. The Caravanfe-
ras continue all this way to be well built
becaufe o f the conveuiency o f Tim her y
and fo does the ufe o f Citterns, T ra -
veiling 25 Miles in yH ours all along the
Plain, on Wednefday 29th, we came to
the Village o f Benaru. Five Miles ftiort
o f this place we pafs’d by the Caravan-
/era o f Dedomha, near a little Village,
but did not ttay there, becaufe it was
not a Caravans days Journy, or a Man-
zjl as the Perfans call it. T w o Musket
(hotfrom it along the fide o f the Moun-
tain, appear’d the Ruins o f many dwel-
lings, and the W all of a ruin’d Fort,
which kept the Pafs through the Moun-
tain.
A ftw Miles Eattward, o f Benaru, is
the Mountain Daray, all o f black Stone, Mountain
from which dittils the precious and much ofBalfam.
applauded Balfam , improperly call d
Mummy, which tho’ at lirft liquid, bc-
comes as hard as Gum, fomewhat black-
ilh, and is good to knit broken Bones,
apply’d hot. Its effe&s are wondeifoly
for if a L eg or an Arm be broken, there
needs only to place the Bones right, and
anoint the part with the Balfam made hot,
and liquid, and then bind it y and after
24 Hours the L eg or Arm will be as well
as it was at firtt. T his Mountain is
y a r d e d by the K in g’ s Order, and the Pi'-
titrt
' ■ .

ChapTTlI. Of P E R S 1 A.___________ 1798
CSJ t i e r s o f Gearon, Sciras, and L.-ir meet
Gemelli. once a Year to take the Balfam out o f a
1594.* Trough, into which it drops and con-
geals, and fend it to the King. T o
prevent any Fraud it is fent Seal’d up
by them ; becaufe this Mummy is well
known, and o f great value in Arabia and
Europe, and there are but forty Ounces
gather’d in a Year. There are other
Mountains in Perfia that diltil Balfam or
Mummy, but none fo good as this.
Thurfday, th e la fto f September, w efet
out late from Benaru, and had a bad
Road, both plain, and up hill and down,
all Stony •, and riding thirty Miles in
eleven Hours, we came to the Village,
and famous Caravanfera of Beli. T here
were Rattars about the Mid-way, to fe-
cure the Road, but not fo Infolent as
thofe o f Tauris for if they have an
Abaffi given them they take it, and if
not they ar.e not Troublefome.
Friday, the ill: o f Otiober, riding
twenty Miles over barren Mountains,
in feven Hours, we flopp’d at the Ca-
ravanfera o f Pacutel ■, leaving the V il-
lage and Caravanfera o f Dam, five Miles
ftlort 0f ic
z/rCifv Saturday 2 d , we T ravell’d twenty
'** Miles in feven Hours over Mountains
and craggy Rocks, and then arriv’d at
L ar, the Metropolis o f the Kingdom o f
that Name. This C ity is feated in a
Plain befet with Mountains, and at a
diftance looks more like a Village, it
has fo many T rees, and particularly
Palms about it. T h e Houfes are o f
Mud W alls, and Built under a Hill, on
the top whereof is a F o rt, whereof
fcarce the W alls are left ftanding, and
fome fmall Tow ers at proper diftances
fo that tho’ it has no Cannon, this Fort
much refembles that o f Buda. In Lar
there is an excellent arch’d Bazar, con-
filling o f Tour Rows or W alks in the
form o f a Crofs, in the midft whereof
is a Cupola. There is alfo another good
one' with Shops for feveral Handicrafts
and Tradefinen, and near it is a fpaci-
ous Square or Market-Place, all enclos’d
with Buildings. The C ity being fob-
jeft to much Heat, they make on the
top o f the Houfe a W ork like a Chitn-
ney, with fome Funnels fo contriv’d,
that any little Wind gets in underneath,
and fome what cools the Room.
The Viz-ier o f L a r’s Jurifdi<flion is
very large, extending as far as Congo,
whither he fends his Deputy. T hey
that will Imbark at L a r have two ways
to the Sea, the one by Bander-Congo,
and the other by Bander-Aba]f.
Vol. IV .
m & ■
(&t J
Sunday 3d, we rode 15 Miles in the
fpace between two Mountains, and came
in five Hours to the Caravanfera and
Village o f Nimba.
Monday 4th, F. Francis growing worlej
we were forced to flay in this Place,
to fend to Lar, for a Caggiaba, which
is a thing like two Chairs us’d in the
Levant, on Mules or Camels, to carry
lick Perfons, or Women. Tuefday 5th,
came the Catergi of the Caggiaba, but
too late, fo that we did not let out tiil
Wednefday 6th. Riding over naked
Mountains and Valleys, we came in fe-
ven Hours to the little Caravanfera of
Kormut, twenty Miles from Nimba ■,
there we Bought a Number o f live Par-
tridges, for about five Pence a-piece.
Thurfday 7th, we Travell d through
a Plain ftrewd with many Villages, for
fifteen M iles; and then proceeding fif-
teen Miles further over a rugged Moun-
tain, Lodg’d at the Village and Cara-
vanfera o f Anoe ■, a gentle Rain held us
feveral Hours on the Road-
Friday 8th, we Travell'd twenty Miles
in feven Hours through a plain Country,
and Lodg’d at the Village and Caravan-
[era o f Scicogi, always advancing Sonth-
ward, as we had done ever fince we lett
Ifpahan. T h e Swallows in thele Parts
are of an alh Colour. ,_
Saturday 9th, after nine Miles riding
over the Plain, we had eighteen Miles
among fuch dreadful rugged Mountains,
that in fome Places there were W alls
Built along the Road, that the Caravans
might not tumble down head-long. Our
Days Journey was nine Hours, and we
came to Lodge at the Village and Cara-
vanfera o f Baftok -, all the way through
a dry barren Country, which fcarce pro-
duces fome few Dates for the Suftenance,
o f the Poor near the Places inhabited,
and Barley, whereof they make Cakes
as thin as a W afer. In this Caravanferat
I receiv’d a Letter from the Prior of
the Auguflinians at Ifpahan, in which
he gave me an Account that the N ew
King had already began to_ break the
fevere Law he had made agamft Drink-
ing o f W in e j and, that Ins Subjects fee-
ing him often Drunk, made no Dimcul-
ty o f following his Example. 1 he 1 nor
inform’d me, That among other Lxtra-
vagancies he had committed in his Cups,
he had caus’d feveral Armenian Biihops,
and Priefts to be cruelly Baltina'0 on
the Feet, till they were Lam d, for no
paying the yearly Tribute in time, ac-
cording to the Number they themlelve^
gave in upon the; Lift Perfecution ot the
Z 2 Gath^
 -^ ■ , rf v;. pfjf: ■’X , ■■■■.'. :■■';■
l gQ A Voyage round the W O R L D.
Catholicks In fhort he is the Son o f
Gens dll. a e0od Toper, and not like to Degene-
, 5 - , rate
Lnyv Sunday ioth, we Rode over a rugged
Mountain and at the end o f twenty
Miles and fevefl Hours riding, fet up in
the Village and Caravanfera o f Kuxeru
Mondav n th , advancing ten Miles,
we croft’d a final! River at the foot of
■i Mountain ; and then rode along a Road
o f Salt which is made o f the Salt-wa-
ter' and becomes fo hard, that it looks
, jj.Cc a w site Stone. Then we entred
among fome Hoilows o f high Rocks, and
particularly o f Mount Baffac, where the
W ay was fo bad, and full of Precipices,
that we were fain to W alk it. I need
fav no more, but that we fpent twelve
Hours in Travelling ten Miles over this
Mount Baffac, and as much mote on the
Plain bein'* forc’d to flay to Load the
Mules and Affes o f our Caravan that fell
now and then. A t lafb we came tir’d
and weary- particularly F. Francis, who,
tho’ Sick walk’ d part of the way a-foot,
to the Caravanfera of Banka, or Ciar-
huh or according to others Sarcova, a
wretched Place as being feared among
dreadful Mountains, without any Village
near or any Perfon to look to ity fo
that we were forc’d to carry all our Pro-
visions for three Days journey, there
beinp none to Buy.
Tuefday '12th , 'we Travell’d twenty
Miles in nine Hours over fcurvy Moun-
tains and Valleys, and lay in the Field
In lf a Mile from the Caravanfera o f Tan-
ra knowing the Cifterns there had no
W ater W e might have R ay’d half way
at the Caravanjera of HoAmdm, where
there W as W ater, bat then fhould not
have’ made a Days Journey, and we had
not fo much Tim e to lofe.
T h e Road was no better on Wednefi*
day 1 uh for we climb’d the high and
riifged Mountain o f Ciampa, at the top
whereof we found the Caravanjera o f
S e rb newly Built. T w o Miles farther
we began to difeover the Perfa n Gulph,
and Bander-Coni’ 0. Then we went down
to the Plain along a fteep dangerous
CHAP.
Of the great Advantage the KJng of Portugal, made of Bander-Congo, and
the Extraordinary Trade o f that Port.
r00 rami rip H E King o f Portugal keeps the
guefes of 1 aforemention’d Officers at Ban-
Binder- g jfco n ro , to receive the Tribute o f five
Co’1£°‘ * between
i '0 i -
1 ■ ;rv "v;::''■■ v
<SL
Book III.
W ay, where they ihetv’d me feveral
heaps or hillocks o f Earth for Dying,
efpeciaily Red and Green. There were
aTo pieces o f both white, and red Mar-
ble, almolt calcin’d by the Sun, which
they make ufe o f inftead of Bok-Armo-
mack, and it anfwers. T w o Miles fnr-
ther we came to the Caravan]era o f Ci-
amp*, Here we found an Angufiinim
Father, Vicar of Congo, who gave us our
Supper that Night. A t Table I admir’d
an old Armenian, feventy Years of Age,
who after filling his Belly with feveral
forts o f Meat, Eat a great Pyramid o f
Pilau, which made him as tight as a
Drum. 1 thought it would have made
him Sick*, but he had fo good a Dige-
ftion, that at Mid-night he began again
to Eat Bisket. B e came as a Phyfician
to Cure F. Francis, but I would not have
trufted him to Cure my Mule. The
fame Father told me, That a Servant o f
his, three Years fioce, being troubled
with the Gripes, this Phyfician Burn’d
his very Entrails with a red hot Shovel,
which he knew nothing of, till he faw
him giving up the Ghoft with his Guts
out. He confefs’d him, and the Man
dy’d fix Elmirs after,
Thm-jday 14th, we fet out again lour
Hoars before D ay, and retted at fifteen
Miles end in the Village o f Barfiia y at
Night I felt as much Heat as is ulual in
Italy in the Dog-days. T o this Village
came to meet F. Francis, Jofepb Pereira
XiAuemda, Comptroler of the King o f
Portugal’* Revenue, the Fad er, and Se­
eretary,w ith many Servants a.Horfeback.
W e went, with them to Bander-Conge,
feven Miles diftant, and Din’d together
in the Monaftery o f the Aagufimians,
where we took up our Lodging, The
Ciarvattar would have eight Gazes, or
Casbeys, for every M am o f 7 anris, which
is fix Pounds Spanijh; in weight, Every
Man great or final! was computed at 33
Mmols, or 1,98 Pounds weight. So that
I paid for my Horfe from Seims to Ban-
der-Congo thirteen Abajfis y rny Servant
carrying my Baggage on his Mule.
*
... .. •-----------------------*--------— 1 <
II.
Horfes, and 1 100 Tomans a Year, which
is about 20000 Crowns, paid him by
the K in g o f Perfta, by Agreement made
I iy, <sl
~ Chap. £1. Of P E R S I A . ~ l8 i
between the two Crowns, when in the he kept hot his W ord, and only save ~
Gemelh. Reign o f King Philip the Third, o f them half the Cuftoms as afoi efajd for
, ] 1 9± . SPami the Perfans having taken Ormuz., betraying Chriftianity, Sria-Ahas car-
the Portuguefes with their Fleet obftru- ry ’d away the Cannon o f the Fort to
aed the Navigation o f the Gulph o f Per- I/pahan, and they are to be feen, as was
M t0 the great Decreafe o f that King’s faid above, before the Palace, with the
Cuftoms. Belides half the Cuftoms, and A uflrian Arms on them ; as is on fome
the five Horfes, the Portuguefes had very others o f Iron at Bander-Congo. Some
confiderable Privileges granted them ; credible Perfons told me, That the Per-
as o f keeping a Houle with the Stan- flans fearing the Portuouefes, ftiouId again
dard erected on it, and having the Ju - Poflefs themfelves o f that Kingdom ftill
nfdidhon over all the Chriftians that keep the Arms and Ammunition to re-
come into the Port * but the mdft R e- ftore them when this (hall happen left
markable of all are, That no Chriftian to be oblig’d to pay an extravagant Price
can turn Mahometan in Congo ; and what for them. This does not well aarce with Note
is yet more confiderable, that tho’ a what was [aid juft before, that all the Can- ■
Portuguefe, or other Chriftian be taken non was carrfd away.
in carnal Copulation with a Mahometan Bander-Congo is leated in 26 Decrees Bx l•
Woman, he (hall not be Subject to the o f Latitude. It is a meer open Village cZtZT
cruel Law o f fuffering Death, or turn- on the Sea-Shore, the Houfes for the Port,
ing Mahometan, as is inviolably Practis’d molt part o f Mud Walls • and only a
by all the Princes o f this Seft in their few towards the Sea o f Lime and Stone.
Dom inions; nor are they liable to any It is govern’d by a Derogd, appointed
Puniftiment at all, any more than i f they by the Vizier of Lar, to whom he is
had been taken with a Woman o f their Subjeft. When I was there, the Sri-
own Religion. For this Reafon the bandar a&ed both as Cuftomer and D e-
Portuguefes are better look’d upon at roga. He Farm’d the Cuftoms o f Ban.
'\ Bander-Congo, than any other Nation, der-Congo, Cameron and Bander-Erricb
and have almoft as abfolute a Command, o f the King at 20000 Tomans a Y ear
as i f they were in Goa, not only over T his is not to be admir’d, for Bander-
their own Subjects, but all Chriftians Congo is a Place o f much Trade ; abun-
who pafs that way. dance o f Ships continually reforting thi-
The Profit A t firft: they receiv’d half the Duties ther from India, Mecca, Baffora, A ra-
theymake o f the Cuftom-Houfe, but afterwards bin Fcelix, and other Parts, loaden with
of lC- fome Contefts ariling, between the Sri- rich Commodities •, and abundance o f
bandar, or P e r f an Cuftomer, and For- Caravans coming by Land, which carry
tuguefe Commifiioner, they agreed by the Commodities into, and out o f Perf a .
means o f the Admiral o f their Fleet for This is the Reafon the Place is inhabited
1 1000 Tomans a Year. T h e Faftor is by very rich Merchants, become fuch in
to Receive this Mony, and lay out part a (hort time, becaufe they get Cent, ter
o f it by Order from the Commifiioner, Cent, in every Commodity they fend to
which he gives in W riting, and is Sign’d India.
by the Secretary. The Commiifioner But the greateft Trade is that o f Pearls Pearls in
alfo gives PafTes to Mahometans to Sail taken about the Ifland Baharen, and all theGulph.
the Indian Sea in Safety; and Sells the about the Gulph o f Perf a , being the
Prizes taken by Portuguefe Ships. The belt in the World. They are Bought
King allows each o f thefe Officers fifty very Cheap in the Lump o f the Fifher-
Tomans Salary, five Servants paid, and men, to be Sold afterwards Dear, Jingle
• their Dwelling-Houfe. Befides 28 To- when they have been pick’d, and match’d
mans to the Faftor for Lodging o f Stran- by putting them through Copper-Plates
gers*, but he that was there in my Tim e, full o f Holes o f feveral Sizes, to mea-
being very Sharp, put moft o f it in his fure their Magnitude \ feparatmg thole
Pocket. that are true Round from thofe that are
Englijb re- T h e Englifh, for lending their Ships not, and the molt Oriental from thofe
wardedfor to the King o f Perf a to Conquer Or- that are ill Colour’d, or Spotted. Then
® muz, which the Dutch refus’d to do, had the Arabs with wonderful Dexterity
10n* half the Cuftoms o f Comeron, which bore the very lead of them, in fuch man-
they alfo Exchang’d for 1080 Tomans ner that the Eye can fcarce difeern the
a Year. T ru e it is, Scia-Abas promis’d Hole, which the belt Artift in Europe
the Englijl) great Matters to induce them cannot do.
to join their Sea to his Land Forces for The manner o f Buying the Pearls a- Way of
reducing the Fortrefs o f Ormuz. \ but mong thofe Infidels is alfo very ftrange. BuVnS
They Pear

101} \
f<(1)1
//> <S>\
jg 2 A Voyage round the VV O R L LX
e y g J C V r iK Y la n d all round with the Goods
Gemelli. they have to Sell in the middle j when
1694. every one has view’d, and eonfider’d
them the Seller covers his Hand with a
Cloth and touches the Hands o f the
Buyers, putting a Price upon his Com-
modity by Signs ; if he Grafps all his
Hand, it lignifies 1000-, if he only ton-
ches the Palm o f his Hand 500^ if a
Finger joo ; if only the firft Joint o f
the Finger 10. The Buyer anfwcrs what
he bids by the fame Signs 5 fo that none
o f the Company can know what is offer’d,
If he agrees not with the firft, he goes
on to the next, and lb on ; and it ask-
. ing too high a Price, he comes to agree
wich none; he begins again lowering,
till they come to a Condulion. After
this, the Broker joyning the Buyers and
Sellers Hands, gives a Stroke on them
with his open Hand, and that binds the
Bargain, as if it had been made by word
o f Mouth.
F.xceffin The Profit made by the Pearls is fuf-
Beat. ficiently countervail’d by the inconve-
niency o f Living in this Place. T h e
A ir is not only unhealthy, but fo hot
in Summer, that it is not only Difficult
for Men to endure the Violence o f i t ;
but even the Partridges, and other Birds
bide themfelves in Trees to get Come
ihelter. The mean Sort go quite Na-
ked, only covering thofe Parts Modefly
will not allow to be feen ; thofe that
are well to Pafs wear an Extraordinary
thin Silk ; and both thefe and the others
have that kind o f Contrivance, we men-
tion’d fpe&king o f the City L a r , on
the tops o f their Houles, to Cool them,
Y e t 1 was told the Heat was greater at
Bander-Abafti and Comeron, feated in 9 Z
Degrees, 45 Minutes o f Longitude, and
25 Degrees 30 Minutes o f Latitude;
and that the A ir there is (fill worfe by
reafon o f the South-winds blowing off'
the S ea; tho’ it does not Rain there in
W inter above three or four times, and
that at molt does not laft above an Hour.
Neverthelefs both at Bander-Congo, and
strange Bander-Abajfi, a fort of W orm s, like
Worms, fmall Sinews, o r Fiddle-Strings, twen-
ty, or thirty Spans long breed in the
Mufclcs o f the Body, which muft be
drawn out by degrees, row ling them
upon a Stick ; for if they happen to
break, they caufe great Swellings till
they come out again, and Tome Perfons
have had them a whole Year. Some
think them to be bred by the A ir, and
W a te r; but they are mi (taken, forfome
Strangers have been there a confiderable
S A
%L
Book ill.
time, and Drank the W ater, and yet
have had none o f them ; whence it is
rather to be concluded to proceed from a
Difpofitioa o f the Body and Humours,
which are not affeded in all Perfons a~
like by outward thin gs.
Both in Congo and Gameron, they ufe Vater,
W ater kept m Cifferns, which mult
needs be H u r t f u l f o r thofe few times
it Rains, the A ir is very Foul, by rea-
fan o f the Exhalations the Earth fends
forth, which i fifed the Water. W e muifc
not omit here to take Notice, to the
greater G lory of the Divine Providence,
that in the Ifland Tombamar, twenty
Miles diffant from the Continent o f Per-
fia, and nine Miles in Compafs, there is
not one drop o f frefh W ater, and yet
there are abundance o f Gazelles, Beads
before deferib’d, which, as l was told
by creditable Perfons, when they want
Drink, go down to the Brink o f the
Sea, aQd htting their cloven Foot exad-
ly on the Edge o f the W ater, fuck it
up that way. I cannot perfwade my
felf, that the W ater palling between
the Hoof fhould fo foon lofe its Salt-
nefs j but 1 do not deny it may become
lefs Preceptible. Thofe that had been
Eye WicnefTes o f this Secret in Nature
could give me no further Account o f it.
Congo has no Harbour, but only a the Port,
fafe Road ; that Point o f Arabia Fatix,
which forms the Perfu n Gulph breaking
the Fury o f the Eaftern Ocean. When
the Day is fair, the oppolite Coaft o f i
Zulfar is to be feen, the diftance being
but forty Miles. A Fort that defends
this Coaft is but thirty Spans Square,
furnifh'd with lour Iron Guns, calf by
D. Canftapm de Noronha, when he was
the King o f Spew’s Viceroy at G oa; it is
hemm’d in by the Sea only in the Morn-
ing, the T ide then coming tip. Taver-
nier is much nnftaken, when he fays,
Tom. 1. I, 5. p. 766. That there is not
W ater for great Ships, and that all the
Trade is at Gomron, for 1 have feen For-
tugtufe Veffels there o f fixty and feventy
Guns, and other large ones belonging to
Mahometans: And 1 know further, that
only the Dutch, and Englifh refort to
Gomron; whereas all other Nations, are
willing to go to Congo, becaufe o f the
Liberty they enjoy under the Pemguefe
Power and Protedion.
The Inhabitants are about 1 0000 inhabi-
Moors, Indians, Arabs, Jems, and Ar~ tants.
menians, who enrich the Bazars with
their well furnilh d Shops.
C H A P .

Chap. Hi. Of P E R S I A :
C H A P .
O f the Pearl FiJberj, and, other remarkable things in Baniter-COcgo, and the v
Gutyh of Perfia.
r s _ A / > T T Aving given an account o f the rich
Getnelli. £ " j [ Trade o f Pear Is, k is proper I
1004- iiK,uld fay fom ethingof the manner and
feafon o f fifhing for them. T his Filbe-
;»ry! a n *8 >0 th.eGulph o f Perfia and Ifiand of/
Babaren, twice a Year ; the firll time in
March and jip r,ly the fctoud in jtagMfi
and September-, the greateil Sale beu)||
from Jane till the latter cud o f December,
It is done five Leagues from the City,
where there is between four and twelve
Fathom W ater, abundance c t Hoats/ol*
lowh.g it from Morning till Noon. E -
very float has a D iver who goes 'down
ta the Bottom, with a Store o f fix Pounds
weight fy'd to his great Toe, and he
ty ’d unde; the- Arms v. nil a Rope fa lined
to the Head of the Bunt, He dives im-
mediately m ■ he .bottom by the help o f
the Sto :: (which as Toon as down he
flips oh and is drawn up by thole in the
Boat) mel then as fall as he can he fills a
N cc, tyiat has an lion King about the
M ; ;J> to keep it open, with O yllers,
W ! eu he tan If ay no longer for want o f
Bi t i t h , he makes a iigiu o h is Compani-
Otis' with the Rope ty d under his Arm s,
and they with all polfible fpeed draw him
op ; wnich is feveral times repeated for
the fpace o fte n Hours. T h e Oyllers
rem iiu at the bottom with a R o p e ty ’d to
them, to be drawn up «tleafure. Some
o f them hold O yl irr their Mouths to Hay
the longer under W ater, and fee better
at the bottom by letting fall a drop now
and then. A fee Noo> having drawn up
their Oyllers all the Boats go alhore with
a fair W ind that conies up from the Sea.
, T hey take no care to open them, becaofe
they gape of thehifelves as they dry, no
Body caring for the Fifh, which is ill tall-
ed. The poorer fort fell the Pearls im-
mediately for a final! m atter; but thofe
thar donor want keep all till the filhing
Scafoa is over, and then fell them all to-
getherto Banians and Moors. Thefe af-
terwards cull and fell them feverally, by
Abas in Perjut, and by Bans in Indojian,
which is an eighth part lefs than our
Carafi in Europe, confining of four Gr ains,
T h is Filhery every Year amounts to a-
F.tror of bout 110 0 0 0 Crowns. . had not wherewith to fatisfie them both,
the And- This (hows that what the Antients
ents. writ is ab.fblut.ely falfe; to w it, that the
Pearls are bred iu the Shells by the D ew
<SL
i89
III.
. that fats from the S k y ; and that there is
neve: any more than one in a .Shell ; be-
caufe they are fix’d at lead ten Fathom
underW ater, whither no Tew can pe-
netrate; and as for the number there have
been feven or eight Pearls foilnA in one
Shell, tho’ not all o f a (ize, butfom c
bigger, femeiefs. They are bred i ; the
fame nature as Eggs in the Belly o f Birds,
the biggeil always advancing neared tke
Orifice, the ftnaii ones remaining at the
bottom to obtain their P eifed io n ; and
even fo it is with the Pearls, the laigelt
being lot molt and the Idler Haying be­
hind till they come to their foil growth,
Nor are there Pearls in all o f them,’ for
feveral Oylfers have none,
There are Pear ls taken in feveral parts
o f our Continent, but the moil valuable,
that is, the faireft andbtightell arethofe
o f the. aforefaid island of Babaren, and
the Coaft Of Cota;* m Arabia Faltx\ be-
caufe few o f them are yellow, or milha-
pen. T h e yeltownefs fometimes pro-
ceed> from the Merchants, fometi/nes
leaving the Shells fourteen or fifteen
P a y s to open o f themfelves; fo thatforne
o f them in this time toting their W ater,
R ot, and their Infedliou difcolours the
Pearl. On the other fide they leave, them
to open o f themfelves, b.canfe fhould
they do it by force, the Pearl might be
damag d or broke,
T here are fome alio taken in Japan,
but neither that Nation, nor the Chinejii
valuing Pearls, they do not follow the
Fifhety, or take care to fearch the Sands
where they lye for the moll part. There
are very oriental ones found in the PbU
lippine lllaods in Ihallow W ater, and e-
ven at the Mouths o f the R ivers; but
the Natives are not covetous o f Pearls,
nor o f the Gold there is in the fame Ri~
vers ; but being add iff ed to their eafe,
think it W ealth enough to have a Difh
o f Rice boil’d thick, like a Pudding at
Noon, and another at Night. Beiides
they fay that fhould they feek after them,
either the Parifh Frieft or the Alcalde
would take them away, and the other
would become their Enemy, becaufethey
In thefe {{lands the very Shels are bright-
er than in other Parts.
,
A
19
A y ^ S \
184 A Voyage round the W O R L D .
r s .A - 0 A vail number is taken all along the
Gemeiu. Coaft o f California, and more efpecially
1694. from Cape S. Lucar to Cabo Blanco, or
L / " V > J white Cape, by the Indians call’d A le ados.
T hefe wander about naked like brute
Beafts, without T illing or Sowing, but
feeding on the Fruit, R oots, and Cattle
the Country affords. They open the
Shels with Fire to eat the Fifh, and by
that meansfpoil the beauty o f the Pearls.
T h e Spaniards alfo Fifh from Cape Corn-
entes as A r as Acapulco , but the Pearls
are for the tnoft par t o f a dusk Lead Co-
lour and ill Shap’d, fo that they will be
littfe valu’d by the ingenious European
Ladies; but the Mexican W omen have
tneir Necks, Ears, and Arm s cover’d
with them ; not regarding their Bright-
ncfs, fo they have them cheap, and the
Stvings and Bracelets o f them be weigh-
ty.
On the Coaft o f Peru and Panama,
there are large o n e s, fome having
been found bigger than that call’d L a
peregrina, but they are not fo well co-
lour d as the O riental; but are all mi-
ftiapen, Black, and o f a Lead Colour,
by reafon o f the ill Bottom where they
breed, fometimes but one or tw o Fa-
thorn deep.
Form erly there were good Pearls
found in the Ifland Margarita , both
Large and well Colour’d ; but at pre-
fent there are few* befides the Filhery
is broke o ff A few are alfo taken at
Santa-Marta and in other Iflands, but o f
110 Value.
Frefh-Wa- Having faid enough concerning the
ter in the p eai ls, it is fit I fhould give the R ea-
Sea' der an account o f other remarkable
Matters in thefe Parts. In the firft place
it is to be obferv’d, that all the W ater
about Baharen being brackifh , and ill
taftetj; Strangers who are not us’d to
drink i t , as the N atives are , there
being no better to be had, not even
on the Continent, caufe frefh W ater to
be taken out o f the bottom o f the Sea,
a League from the Ifland. Four Men
go out in a B o a t, tw o whereof D ive
down into the Sea, with Veflels clofe
Hopp’d at their G ird le s, when they
touch Ground they unftop their V ef-
fe ls , which being fill’d with the W a -
ter, that is fweet for tw o or three Foot
above the Ground, they ftop them a-
gain, and making a lign with a Rope,
are drawn up by the other tw o in the
Boat.
Strange T heir way o f building Boats in Con-
Boats and is alfo Angular; for inftead o f Iron
cars. N a ils, they ufe fome Pins o f Cane ,
\
1 §l
1 1 f§ ff -d ^
Book 1117
or Bamboo • and for the reft they join
the Boards together with Packthread ,
and little Lines made o f Rulhes. In-
ftead o f Anchors they make ufe o f a
large Stone bor’d through 5and for Oars,
of^ a Pole with a little round Board
ty ’d at the end o f it. Friday 1 5th, I *
faw leveral Watermen at w ork about
a new Boat, like fo many T aylors,
Saturday itfth, I pay’d the Vifit to
Jofeph Pereira de Acevedo the Portu-
guefe Commiffioner. Sunday 17 th , Mafs
was very folemnly fung in the Church
o f the Auguftinians with the Gates o-
pen, as i f it had been in Chriftendom.
Monday 1 8th, walking about the Bazaar
1 met fome Arabs accounted rigid Ob- A! ^ seat
fervers o f the Mahometan Law ; they Fire‘
were asking an Alms in a Shop o f B a-
mans,, and to get the more and that
quickly, claps burning Coles into their
Mouths, as i f they had been Cherries,
I was told they did it by the Afliftance
o f the D evil, to whom they had given
themfelves up, tRbig Sorcerers ; and
that this was only dt->'v,u .'ppearan ce,
and a deceit o f the Sight. Bur 1 really
faw them take the Coles and p b t them
in their Mouths.
W hen I return’d to the Mon.aftery, others
I faw tw o mumping Arabs p a S b y , b e a tth e m
who fo r a fmall A lm s beat their Brc alls reives for
as hard as they could, with an 5rotf ap Aims-
Pin a Span lo n g , the Head w hereof
weigh’d at leaft eight Pounds, and yet
did themfelves no harm, tho’ the ln-
ftrument was fit to drive through a
W all. How this came to pafs they
belt know, and the D evil that teaches
them ; but this I know ,that thefe Cheats v
and Sons o f Perdition would not fuf-
fer another to ftrike them with the
lame Pin ; for then perhaps the Charm
would have fail’d them,
Four Dutch Ships being under fail at Anidol -
Gomron, we fent away an Exprels to trousFe3-*
get a Paflage aboard them , but he itival.
came too late, they being already gone-
for Batavia. T h at lame N ight the
Idolatrous Banians, to honour the Fe-
ftival o f their God D iva li, who they
fay took a Fortrefs, began to fet out
their H oufes, and Shops both with-
in and without with rich H angings,
and Lights. T his Feftival lafts three
Days every Year in Memory o f the fa-
bulous Victory, and taking o f the For-
tre fs; and they all ceafe from Labour.
I went that fame Night to fee it, and was
receiv’d with much C ivility by thofe
Idolatrous Merchants, they fprinkling
my Face with Rofe-w ater when I came
in
111 w
_____ ‘^ ' p e r Ts T a
* v T ^ T n ~ as is us'd in he Ealfc, making me
V ftftji fit in the chicr r iace, and treating me
r < ? 0 with fuch Sweetmeats as the Country
affords. N at long after Women Dan-
cers of came out to Dance, as a
Prefage o f a good Feaft to the M er-
chant. T h ey were Clad fome after
the Indian andfonte after the P erf art man-
n et, and fang in both Tongues. Thofe
" hat were in the Terfu n G arb wore
a Veft o f Itrip’d Silk, ‘ down half w ay
the 1.eg, but wide at bottom like a Pet-
ticoat, under that they had long Bree-
ches down to their Ankles, with a Sil-
ver Edging about them for Ornament,
Both their Fingers and Toes were fet
out with abundance of Gold and Silver
Rings and Dy’d with Imma or red
Earth- as the teeth, the infide of the
Eves and Forehead were with Black,
On their Heads they had final! Caps of
a fine Stuff between Silk and Linnen,
wrapp’d about j under which their long
Trefles hung down to their Wafte a
long Red or Yellow Veil cover’d their
Backs, and coming about fell before
the Shoulders. Befides their double
Pendents thev had a thick Gold Ring
run through between their Noftrils ,
and other Jewels hanging and ftuck to
their Foreheads* but 1 thoufeht that of
the Nofe the moll minful Ornament,
becaufe they had a Gilt, tit Gold Nail
ftruck quite through the upper part of
the Mofe where the BriAge riles, which
ihev thought an Or e « and to us
r Hyapi m was a jpefornuty. About
their Ncc; I they had Gold Collars,
Necklaces oi Pearls, according to what
each could afford, and fine Bracelets
on their W afts; In this Drefs they
foeFan to Dance gravely, tothenoife
of a Drum and two pieces of Metal,
which founded very loud, together with
the Horfe-Bells they wore on their
Feet Then they went on with a-
bundance of immodeft Motions and Po-
ftures • flapping their Fingers as we
do Cartanets very gracefully, and now
and then intermixing Singing wich their
C H A P .
O f the Tree and Pagod of the Banians, and other things the Author fm during
his ft ay at Congo.
A wonder rT ^ H a rfd cn 21 ft, I went with the Fa-
ful Tree. 1 ther Vicar to foe the Pa?od and
Tree of the Idolaters, or Banians, This
Tree is the ftrangeft that can be feen,
being fo large that 1000 Perfonscanbe
5 voh iy .
'"v .'ft,,ft if ft V
f
%l
._____________ j S "
Dancing. T o fay the truth I was fo
well pleas’d, that I would fee it more
than once, and trom feveral Dancers,
that went about from one Room to an-
other.
Tuefday 19th, Sadlmg four Horfes that An anti.
had been receiv’d as the K ing o f For. ent ruWa
T ribute, by the Ponugueje Offi- Town,
cers*, the F. Vicar, F. ConJUstine, the
Fador o f Pajfor.t and I went out three
Wiles fromche T ow n W eft ward, and
three from the Sea, to fee a very anti-
ent Fort call'd C d a k fton, or rather a
ftrong City once built by a King o f Per-
fa , on the T o p o f a high Rock. It is
three Miles in Compafs, and there is but
o re narrow fteep way to come to i f ,
there is never a Houfe handing at pre-
fent, Time having overthrown them all-,
for by what I could perceive by the Ru-
ins they have been many Ages decay-
mg. There are ftill to be feen the
Tombs of Mahometans, and a ruin’d
M ofh\ but nothing more proves its an-
tient Splendor than three hundred good
and large Cifterns molt of which are
full of Earth and few of Water-, of
which we drank with Sweetmeats we
carry’d, and found it well tailed,
IVedrufday 2 oth* Lapnea a it range nn-
fortunate Accident. The Sdbandar be-
ing offended at two rich Arabian Mer-
chants, took the opportunity ot their
going to his rioufe to vifit him, to give
them Coffee according to CuJtoin $ bur,
Foifon’das they fay there, with Powder
of Diamonds. >One ot them drank it,
the other out of good Manners gave it to
the Scibandar’s Unkle * both of them
drank their Death in the Coffee5, for
the next Night they went out o f this
World with their Bowels rent in Pieces5
the Scibandar’s Treachery being at the
fame time in fome meafure ponifh’d by
his own Poyfon. It was not known
what became of the Servant that pre-
par’d the murdering Potion; but it
was faid he had caus d him to be kill d
that he might not difeover the Truth,
IV .
lhaded by it, fitting by a Wall three
Spans high, built about it to that pm-
pofe, but fquare. f he greateft wonder
is, that it has as many Bcxuesas Branches,
becaufe theft'when they are grown^ to
Aa fuch ■
<tv
v--■ ■' • C
"'V.

■ G°fe x
l(f)l
1 86 ^ Voyage round the W O R L iO.
Oyyv^/Ti fuch a Pitch, fink their head into the,
Gemelli. G round, and call out new R oots, thus
16 9 4 .
becoming new T ru nks, to keep up, and
l^ V N J make the T re e ever Young, as well as
increafe it continually. T h e Indians
call it IVora, and the Portuguefes GraglU ;
the L e a f is like that o f the Plane-tree.
Clofe by it was a finall round Tem ple or
The Pd- Pagod, about 20 Spans in compafs, and
god* behind it another lefs, to receive the
Offering o f Butter , R ice and other
things. Oppoiite to the little door o f
the firft, a Span lifted from the G round,
was the Image o f a W om an call’d V a-
vani fitting, who they fay was moft free
o f her Beauty, having never refus’d to
fatisfy any Man’s delire, proftitutirig
her fe lf to two at the fame time. H er
Head and Feet were o f Silver, and the
fmall Body, buttw ofpans long, cover'd
with a piece o f Silk from the Shoul-
ders down to the Feet. T h e day being
a F cftiv a l, I faw feveral Banians make
three low Bows to her, touching the
Ceremo- Ground with their Fore-heads. T h e ir
Dies. D evotion towards her is fo great, that to
this day they very carefully preferve her
Houfe at D u a Fortrefs o f the Portu-
guefes. Befides the Brachrnans their
Priefts, every Morning colour the Fore-
head and Ears o f this falfe D eity, with
a dye o f an Orange colour, made o f
Sandal, red Earth, and Cows Pifs ;
which they alfo receive with great D e-
Votion (as Catholicks do the extrem e
U nftion) that the D e v il may know
them •, it being their cuftom to Sacrifice
to him , becaufe he is wicked, fo r fear,
foonerthan to God that is good, for
Love. Night and Morning they go
down to the Shore, and having ador’d
the Sea, throwing in fome Rice to feed
the Filh, carry fome of that Water
home, to fprinkle the Face and Ears
o f all the Family. The Men wear a
Gold Ring through their Nofes, but
lefs than the Womens.
Friday 22d, I din’d at the Portuguefe
Commiffioners. Saturday 23d, I went
a fhooting with the Father Vicar, and
we kill’d fome Partridges. Sunday 24 th,
the Feaft of our Lady of the Rofary,
which had been put off till then for want
o f Priefts, was celebrated in the Church
o f the Augufiinians. There were Cham-
bers fir’d, with ringing o f Bells, and a
concertof Pipes, and Drums beaten by
Moors with little Ivory Sticks. F. Francis
fung Mafs, and the Vicar Preach’d. In
fnort it was perform’d among Mahome-
tans,with the fameSolemnity as is ufual in
Chriftendom. Monday 25th, a Moorifh
189
<SL
‘ .
Book 111.
V eflel from Seratte, a r r iv ’d at Bander-
Congo. T h e y fail on the Indian Sea, at
certain fix’d tim es; that wlhich is proper
to fail trom Bander- Abajfi a>nd Bander-
Congo, is from the middle 0 / October,
till the end o f A pril. T w o fe v e ra l C ur-
rents run along the Streight between
thcfe tw o Ports, and meet at the F'oint
o f the Ifland Keftim i, within the B a y .
Tuefdoy 26th, F. Sanfeverino o f Naples,''
went aw ay for Gomron, about feme af-
fairs o f his Order.
Wednefday 27th, we rode oat with A cur-,ous
the F. V ic a r , to fee Mullah-HamePs Garden.
G arden ; Mullah in the Arabian
T o n g u e , is a learned Man. It was
finall but cu rio u s, and the beft about
Congo. In it there are abundance o f
European Fig-trees, Grapes, Oranges,
and many Indian Plan ts, by the Fortu-
guefes call’d Palmeiras , Which bear the
Coco-nuts. T h ere was alfo another T re e
call’d Badamas, which produces a fort
o f F ru it like Alm onds, and grow s a-
bout the Gulph o f Perfia, as well as in
India.
A fte r M id -night, all the Idolaters I(iolater5
both Men an W om en , went apart to v»afhuig.
wafh themfelves on the Sea Shore, the
Brachmans preaching to the M en, and
their W iv e s to the W omen. I t is p e r -
haps fome luperftitious cuftom they ob-
ferve o f w alking every Month,upon fuch a
certain day of the M o on ; fo r before the
walhing there is a general F a it, either
as prepatory to, itj o r becaufe they
think to cleanfo themfelves o f nil their
Sins.
Walking out o f Town on Thurfday AFachir
28th, I met a Cafre or Ethiopain, extra-
vagantly clad like a Fachir, or Strowler;
that is, with a Cap on his head, all fet
off with Feathers at the top, and with
Shells about the Border; and a Girdle
with about 2000 Goats hoofs hanging
to it, and jingling like fo many Bells
in this ridiculous Habit, did he walk
fo gravely, that it was Plealant to fee
him.
Fryday 29th, I went to the Houfe of siftin„ of
certain Banians, to fee how they match’d pearls,
the feveral Sizes o f Pearls. They firft
lhake them through a fort o f Brafs CuL
lenders, much after the manner as we
make fmall S h o t; and then feveral
Youths pick the round from the milha-
pen, and the clean from the foul. There
is 30 per cent, profit, in carrying them
but to Suratte ; and therefore the Cu-
ftom-houfe is fo lharp, that they fearch
all that go thither to the Soles o f their
Shooes, and their fecret Parts, to find
Pearls.

ChaPrV~ Of P E R S I A !
r O C O Pearls, And yet for all this feverity
Gemelli. the Cuftomers are often cheated by the
l6 9-h Merchants, who lay out 50 or 1 00000
L / 'V V J Crowns at: Confo,. i;i this noble Com mo-
dity; and that, without any lofsot time,
by reafon of the great quantity there is
to fell, and their goodnefs.
Saturday 30th, late at Night, the Par-
tuguefes privately brought in a Cow to
be kill’d and divided among them; be-
caufe the Deroga will by no means fuf-
r ler a Creature fo highly honour’d by
the Gend Is, to be flaughter’d in Pub-
lick , and they pay him conliderable
fums of Mony from time to time, on
this account. And this is the reafon
they generally eat, very bad Mutton, or
Goats flefh.
Sanday the laft of October, Mafs was
very folemnly fung in our Church-, there
was a great refort of Chriftiarrs 5 as
there was on Munday the fir ft and Tuef-
day i d , of November.Wtdnefday 3d, there
was a plentiful entertainment at the Mo-
naftery, all the Ponugueje Officers of
Congo dining there; but 1 took more
Pleafure afhooting on Thurfday the 4th,
with the Factor of Bajfara.
Friday 5 tli, an Englijh Veflel came in-
to the Harbour to take in loading for
Suratte. The heat was fo v iolent on
Saturday the 6th, that 1 could not for-
bear at Night having my Bead carry’d
up to the top of the Houfe, to lye there
after the Country fafhion for at Congo
and about the Gulph of Perfia, the Na»
tives raoft of the Yea*-, if*.- «hh*i in
their Courts, or 011 the tops of their
Houfes built hkethofem Naples, com-
monly call’d A firacd , that is, flat Roofs
All their Bed is only a corded Bed-fled,
with a thin Quilt under, and another
over them.
Sunday 7th, we had fome o f the Coon-
try Mufick in our Church, which was
not altogether ungrateful to the Ear.
Monday 8th, 1 din’d with and was well
treated by Jofevh Pereyra. Tuefday pth,
a Meorifls Woman came to our Church
to have the Gofpel of St. John read to
her,to cure her ofa Fever; and they told
me they had known feveral Perfons
cur’d by their Faith, in that Holy
Gofpel.
IVednefday i o , we diverted our felves
on the Sea. Thurfday n th , an exprefs
came from Ifpahan, and confirm’d all was
laid before, concerning the permiffion to
drink W ine; and that the new King
drank as hard as his Father had done.
Friday 1 2, I walk’d along the Sea fide
with the F. Vicar, and took notice that
Vol. IV’.
f r
f (CT
♦
Isf
there was great plenty of Game. Sa~
tu/day 13th, there arriv’d a great Ship
from Bajfora to load for the Inches. Sun-
day 14th, Mafs was Solemnly fung in
our Church, many Mahometans relort-
ing to it, to fee our Myfterious Ceremo-
nies. Monday x 5th, a good entertain-
meet was given in the Monaftery ; the
lame on Tuefday itfth at the Commiflion-
ers, this being fome diveriion for being
detain’d in that place. IVednefday 17, 1
had the fatisfaftion to fee a fine Dance of
Moerijh Women, who iucermixt it now
and then with finging in their Language,
as was laid before,
The ErgUfl, VeiTel being ready to
Sail, F. Francis and F, Conftaniim , who
had agreed for their Pallage aboard, pre-
par’d for their Voyage on Thurfday 18 th,
and Friday ryth, and then on Sunday
20th, went away to Bander-Abafs in or-
der to Sail thence to Suratte. This they
did for fear o f being made Slaves by the
Moors of M afcate, who were then at ,
War with the P o m m fes, and had 14
Men of War in that Port. The caufe p^5J 5 h
of this War was, becaufe the Town of " **
Mafcate, having once belong’d to the
King of Portugal, the Arabs had revolt,,
ed from them 46 Years before this time,
and chofen a Sovereign of their own call’d
Imam, who did not only extend his
Dominions up the Country, to the
great prejudice of the neighbouring,
Princes ; but alfo along the Gulph of
Perfia. from Gape Ros-Agate to Cat i f a,
being 500 Miles along the Shore. He
alfo took from the For tuguefes the Fort
of Patti, near Mornbas, and fix’d hi*
regal feat at Nazjtra. Ever fince thtfe
two Nations have been at W ar, and
commited Hofliiities at Sea ; both
their Fleets continually feekrag one a-
notfcer to fight, tho’ the Portugmfe has
always come oft’ vidorious, with the
Total ddlru&ion of the other. They
have fometimes treated about Peaee,
but could never come to any conclulionj
becaufe befides a yearly Tribute the
Crown of Portugal demands liberty to
build another Fort near M a f c a t e to
keep a Garrifbn there and Fa&ory.
Thus I was left alone, to the difla-
tisfadion of F. Frantis, who endeavour’d
to perfuade me to continue my Voy-
age to the Indies with him. Ihadrefolv’d
to Imbark aboard a Moorijk VelTel of
Gibera, which was to land eight Horfes,
receiv’d by way of Tribute from the
King of Perf a at Damans. Several rea-
Tons induc’d me to go aboard this Ship y
the firft becaufe it was ready, and the
A a 2. Englifli
\
f(f)|
/ / y — xv\ i
1
jgg A Voyage round the W O R
f^ A ^ En<rU(h Veflel not yet loaden ; but was
Gemelli to go to Bander-Abaft to lade there,
16 9 4 which could not be done without fom elofs
L S\~ SJ o f time. T h e fecond, becaufe the Moors
were in Peace with all Nations, and the
En<rli(b at W ar with the French , who
lay in wait to fall upon them about Su-
rat, in which cafe 1 muft have perhaps
fled to fome place 1 had no Inclination
to go to. T h e third and laft, becaufe
I knew the Cuftom-Houfe o f Surat to
be very fevere on account o f Pearls, as
was faid before, and therefore I fhould
have met with much T rouble. All
thefe Inconveniencies being avoided a-
board the Moorijh Veflel, 1 thought bet-
ter to go in it for Damarn, a C ity be-
longing to the Portuguefes. I fpoke to
Jofeph Pereyra to agree for Mine and
my Mans PafTage (which according to
the ufual rate would have been a To-
man for me and thirty A b a fs for him)
but he very generoufly got it me for
nothing ; further defiring the Matter o f
the Veffel to afford me all conveniency,
which he willingly did, as flanding in
need o f his Friendfliip. T h o ’ I never
defign’d to be carry’d gratis, yet I
thought fit to accept o f the Commif-
lioner’s favours, but defigning to make
the Matter fome return for his C ivility,
Sunday 2 1 It, Luis Mendoca, form erly the
K in g o f Portugal’s Faftor at Bafora,w ent
aw ay for Gomron to overtake F. Fran-
d s, and go with him to the Indies,
Monday 22d, I fpent in Shooting, and
k ill’d fome Partridges. Tuefday 23d , I
prepar’d for my Voyage, which being
near at Hand, the Commitfioner was
pleas’d to give me fome diverfion at
his Houfe, fending for 3 W om en dan-
Terfrn cers. T heir V eils w ere all lac’d open
dancers, before and with long clofe Sleeves,
ty ’d under the Breall with Ribbonds,
after the Country falhion, and bound
about the W aft with a filver G ir d le ;
under it they wore long Breeches, like
thofe above deferib’d. On their Heads
they had little Caps clos’d at top with a
Ribbond and tw o Clafps, from under
which there hung down behind a long Silk
V eil like a Nuns. T h ey had only G lafs
and Silver Bracelets about their W rifts,
and others made fall above their Elbow s,
at which hung two Silk firings with
T ofiels o f beaten Silver. T h eir E ye-
lids were d y’d black, for Ornament,
and they had feveral fpots o f the fame
colour about their F aces; under the
Eve-brow s, on the Chin, and N ofe, and
fome on the Cheeks like Patches. T h e ir
Hands and Feet were colour’d with yel-
/ \ - ^
' |00
•
1 i i: >'}«GTOtK2HHHw'
*SL
\ ^
LD Book 111.
lo w , to add as they thought to their
Beauty. A t their Nofes, which were
bor’d, hung Rings with tw o Pearls on
each fide ; and between the N oftrils were
b igger G old Rings which reach’d down
to their Mouths. T h e ir Hair made into
feveral T refles hung down their Backs,
except two Locks, which falling upon
their Cheeks, were ty’d under the Chin,
as it were to bridle it. Abroad they co-
ver themfeives with a piece o f Stuff o f
feveral colours, and their Faces with a
tranfparent V eil. T h e Arabian W om en
w ear black Masks with little clafps pret-
tily O rder’d. T he Floor being cover d
with Carpets, they began their dance, 1 ft
all three, and then two, to the M ufickof
Pipes, Flutes, Drums and four Tabors.
It would be tedious to give an account o f
their feveral grave motions, and the
winding o f their Bodies and A rm s, which
they fometimes reach’d down to the
Ground. W hen they had all fung a while,
the youngeft flood up, with fome fmall
Horfe-bells about her Arm s, and danc’d
alone, clapping her Hands on feveral
parts o f her Body regularly to make the
found more agreeable, cutting Capers,
and making ftrange motions with her B o-
dy to provoke lafeivioufnefs, and laugh-
ter. Then the 2d, perform ’d the fame
w ith a betterG race; and lattly the danc’d
with the tame actions, and motions to
the found o f two great Horfe-bells, like
thofe our Metfengers Mules wear, which
the jin gl’d artificially enough,
w h im wore thus diverting our
felv esw ith th e Commiffioner, a Meflen-*
ger came from the Deroga, or G over-
nor o f the C ity , to defire in his Name
he would do right to a Moor, who hadAuthor;.
fome Mony due to him from a PerJian, tyof the
that was Servant to the Faftor o f B afora, vomgue-
T h is made me obferve what refpe<ft was fit.
given to the Portuguefes, allowing them
to exercifethe fame Ju rifiM io n , as they
have at Goa, not only over their Subjefts
and other Chrillians, but even over the
Mahometans that ferve in the Fad o ry ;
and befides the Power of Imprifoning at
Congo to baftinado Mahometans, who
being fummon’d by the Commilfioner,
do therefore make their appearance be-
fore him as punftually as they do before
the Deroga. T h e French themfeives
have noc lb much Authority in the Ports
o f Turky.
Tburfday 25th, there hapned a great
Fray between th eScibandarsOfficers, and
t h e ^ ^ x , o n account of a fe iz u re o f T a-
bacco; two o f the former being daqge-
roufly wounded.
CHAP.
T ■ ' ; . •
® <SL
Chap. V. Of P E R S I A .
C H A P ,
The Author's Voyage to Damam,
<W > A L L Things being in a readinefs,
G em d ll / \ the Nicoda , or Captain o f the
1694, V ella came, on Friday 2.5th, to Order
(✓ W me Aboard, and therefore in the Even-
ing I caus’d my Equipage to be carry’d
diredly Aboard from the Monaftery,
without being fearch’d by the Cuftomerj
but a Moor dropt a Cloak-Bag on the
Strand, and wetted fome o f my Cloaths.
Then I went Aboard with the Captain-,
where I found all the Provilions I had
Occafion for, laid in Generoufly by the
Portugdefi Comtniflioner. >
j nm Sailing that fame Evening late, we
Ifland. arriv’d on Saturday 27th at Angon, to
take in frefh Water ; which is not al-
low’d to be done at Congo1 left the Na-
tives fhould want. By good Luck we
found the Cifterns dry, which oblig’d
us to take it in the neighbouring Illand
o f Kefcimt, two Miles diftant. Angon
Is not Inhabited, becaufe it was Burn’d
down by a Portuguefe General, in Re-
venge for the Perfidioufnefs of the In-
< habitants.
KeCdmi Whilft they were labouring Diligent-
Ifland. ly to take in W ater, which was fome-
what Brackilh, on Sunday 28th, I went
a Shooting, the Ifland abounding in all
forts o f Game, both Four-footed, and
Feather’d. On Monday 29th, I went a-
bout to fee the Ifland. It is longilh,
ftretching out a great way towards Ban-
der-A bafli \ its Compafs is about ninety
Miles. The Soil produces Grapes, Figs,
Dates, and other forts o f Fruit for the
fupport o f the Natives; but their great-
eft Suftenance is Filh, for they dry abun-
dance of Pilchards in the Sun, which
they take there, and in the Ifland o f A n -
gon, to feed upon all the Year. There
are good Pearls found about both thefe
ilia nds \ but the Natives love their Pil-
chards better, as being taken with more
fafety, and lefs trouble than thofe Jew-
els. The Metropolis o f Kefcimi has been
quite ruin’d by frequent change o f So-
vereigns, and Wars that have hapned
on that Account, fo that at prefent
there is only the Village o f M ifa r , and
fome few others. There is alfo a re-
gular Fort o f four Baftions, formerly
Built by the Ponuguefes, and yielded up
by the laft Treaty to the Perfians, who
keep a Garrifon in it.
*89
v ,
in Indoftan.
Tuefday 30th, the Sea being Calm, the
Nicoda, and other Moors diverted them-
felves, trying which of them was belt
at hitting a Packthread with a Bullet,
They Shot well, and the Captain hit it
twice, and l queftion whether any Sports-
Men in Europe could have hie it bet-
ter.
Wednefday the ill: of December, we Omu^
Sail’d betimes with a'fair W ind ; fothat liland.
on Thurfday id , we left the Ifland Rtc-
ca, where the Ponuguefes formerly had
a Fort, aftern betimes, and pafs’d in
fight of the Illand of Ormuz.. 1 his fmaU
Ifland is at the Mouth of the Gulph o f
Perfia , two Spanijh Leagues from the
Continent. Within its compafs of three
Miles, there grows neither Tree, nor
Herb, being all over cover’d with good
white Salt, which renders the Soil quite
barren. It has no frefh Water but what
falls from the Clouds, and is gather’d
into Cifterns, for the ufe of the Garri-
Ion. T he Sand is valu’d, becaufe it is
very Black and Bright \ as alfo the red
Clay, wherewith the Gentiles Die their
Foreheads. In this Illand, before the
Ponuguefes Conquer’d it, there was' a
City, where the King o f L a r reiided,
being Sovereign o f it.
Friday 3d, we lay o ff the Mountain Employ-
o f D aba, in Arabia FoeUx ^ becaufe the mentaBd
Wind being contrary, we rather loft
than gain'd Ground. Towards Evening
we advanc’d as far as Soary or M *fcatey
ftill in fight o f the Mountain Kumumev.sk
in Perfia. Ac Night it blew a Storm,
which on Saturday 4th, turn’d to fo fair
a Wind, that it carry’d as out o f the
Streight into the fpacious Indian Ocean *,
but ftill in fight o f the Continent, la
the mean while, the Moors chief Em­
ployment was to Colour their Eye-Lids
every Day, with a certain black Oint-
ment, good, as they faid, to preferve
the Sight; to pluck the Hairs o ff their
Beards with Nippers, where they would
not have them grow, and Die the Nails
o f their Hands and Toes with red Earth,
As to other Things they were very Civil,
never offering that Rudenefs to Stran-
gers, as the Turks do but the Captain,
and all his Ship’s. .Grew fhew’d me more
particular Refpedt, as being recomraen-
ded by the Commiifioner,
Hold-
itj
\\V 5 4 /
X^?
.
■ <SL
i^o ^ Voyage round the W O R L D .
fv v ^ ) Holding oa our Courfe Eaftward, on
Gemelli. Sunday 5th, we came in light of the
1694. Iflands of Coedit a , G ia v a r, G iavani,
O 'W J and others inhabited by Raluccos; and
The Bd- on Monday dth, pafs’d that o f Goadd,
imos' ol the fame People. T h e W ind then
failing,- we lay ftill without moving a
Foot. Thefe Baluccos are Pirates, who
lying in wait behind their Iflands in
fin-all Barks, watch to feize Ships that
pafs by. T hey have alfo a large E x -
tent o f Land on the Continent, between
.Perfta, and the Mogul's Dominions,
T h eir King or Prince call’d Jafche, re-
fides in the City Bifcian, and his Bro-
ther in another they call Chiu. T h ey
are Arabs in Religion and Manners,
treating their Slaves with incredible
Cruelty, even to cutting the Sinews o f
their Ankles, that they may not run a-
way.
T h e Calm continu’d Tuefday 7th,, in
fight o f defert Iflands, which are N ells
o f Pirates. T h e Heat was fo violent,
that I thought the W inter in India equal
to the Summer in Italy, tho’ there be no
difference as to length o f Days. W hilft
thefe Calms lad, the Perfians ufe to ftrip
themfeives Naked betimes, and have a
great deal o f Sea-W ater pour’d on their
Heads to wafh all their Bodies, which
generally Stink, becaufe o f the colour’d
Shirts they wear feveral Months, with-
out ever Shifting.
Pijcivi T h e Wind came up fair when it was
Ifland. late, and brought ns in fight o f the
Ifland o f Pifcini. W e Hill Steer’d due
Eafl, to the end that when w edifeover’d
the Point o f D iu, as Butting out fur-
theft into the Sea, we might with more
fafety direft our Courfe for Suratte and
Damans. The W ind continu’d fair Wed-
nefday 8th, and at Noon w e had a falfe
A larm , perceiving a Veflel make to-
wards us. I was ready to Burfl with
Laughing, to fee the Moors lay hold o f
their rufly Muskets, which are all Match-
locks, and the only Defence we had - for
our Veflel carry’d but eight fmall Guns,
and they had but bad Gunners to Play
them. T h e Veflel held on its Courfe,
putting up red Colours, to fliew fhe
was a Friend, and made away to W e ll-
ward.
Ungms Thtirfday 9th, before Sun-rifing, we
Pirates, difeover’d a fmall Bark to the Eaft-ward,
which made the Moors very V a lia n t;
for laying hold o f their rufty Arm s,
they began to Bark, like D ogs at a di-
fiance ; but not daring to Man out their
Boat, as I advis’d them, offering to go
in it. T h e Bark at laft went away to
\<SX
Book Hi.
the N orth-ward, and fo ended the Cries
and Fear o f the Moors. T h ey believ’d
it to be a Bark o f the Pirates call’d
Sanganos and Ran as, who are Gentils o f
Religion, and make no Slaves, but take
what they find Aboard without hurting
any Body. T h e y L ive in fome Iflands,
and on the Continent in marlhy and in­
acceflible Places, as alfo in W oods near
Syndi, and the Kingdom o f Gu^aratte.
T hey go out in fmall Barks, but very
numerous, and Rob along the Coalt,
and even in the Bay o f Siratte. T h eir
petty K in g is Tributary to the Great
Mogul, who having Conquer’d part o f
hisCountry* reftor’d it to him upon that
Condition. He refides in the C ity Ra-
mora, on the Continent, and fometimes
in the Ifland of Sanganilct. Another
Heathen Prince o f the Country o f Va-
rel, Borders upon him. T he Calm re-
turning, we faw about Evening a Veflel
o f thefe Sanganos plying about our Ship,
and therefore being Jealous, with good
caufe o f their Defign in the D ark o f the
N ight ■, I advis’d our Nicoda, or Cap-
tain, to deliver our Powder to twenty
Soldiers that were Aboard, to Load his
great Guns, and place Centinelsj be-
caufe the Moors Sail like Brutes, with-
out any Precaution, and are giving out
Ammunition, and charging their Fire-
A rm s, when the Enemy is upon them,
On Friday 10th, in the Morning we
could not fee the Pirates. T h e W ind
came up contrary, but foon falling, left
us in a Calm.
It continu’d Saturday n t h . In the
Afternoon a Sea-man took a Filh about
five Pounds weight, and being the firfl
taken that V oyage, the Mariners put
it to Salt according to Cuftom, hanging
it up at the Main M ail, to give it to the
fairefl Bidder. A Merchant vying with
another, offer’d 22 Abajfis, which are
eight Crowns o f Naples \ and the Fifh
might have been Sold for m ore, had
there been more Merchants ■, it hap-
ning fometimes that they are Sold for
thirty Crowns. T h e Mony is divided
among the Seamen for a Dinner,
Sunday 12th , the W ind came up con-
trary, fo that we made little way. T h e
fame hapned on Monday 13th. About
Evening we difeover’d to Eaflward a
fmall Veflel, fuppos’d to be o f the San-
ganos \ which made our Captain alter
his Courfe to Ihun him * fo fearful are
thofe Moors. N ight deliver’d us from
this Fear, but a Storm that arofe fright-
ed us worfe, and did not only laft till
D ay, but blew fo violently on Tuefday
1 4th,
Hi
Chap. V. Of P E R S I A. w,; ^ 7^1
P v A > n 14th, that it made the ignorant Matter therefore I Ihould fee Whether the VeR
G f w f . and Pilot lofe all the Ground they had fel held her Courfe. I told him it ciVjf .
169 4. gain’d, and return to Kejcim i. In light not, and that the old' Pilot having fwaj
o f us was a Vetted, fuppos’d by us to be lo w ’d Upturn ail the D ay, to add n<q-e
th e Englijh Ship, Aboard which w ere the Stupidity to that p roceeding from old
Fathers, Francis and Conjlantin, which A g e, lowering the t \ q Top-Saifs, Hood\
beat it out without lofing G round as we all N ight for the Lmad, which was the-
did. This made me fret, and tho’ l way to be certainly loft on fome K o d ^
took never fo much Pains to perfwade and therefore, if he had not a mind to
the ignorant Moors to do the like, put- Perifh, he mutt T ack about, and Hand
ting them in hopes the W ind would out to Sea. T his he o rd ei’d to be done
fo o n b e F a ir, I could never prevail. As im m ediately, hoittiug i,is main T o o -
I had laid the W ind tel] betoi e Night, Sail, and Fore-Sail, aud then pray’d me
and we flood our Courfe againi; the to Hand by the Com pafs as being now
Captain telling me, he did it for my fenlible o f the Tabacconift’s Ignorance
Sake. T h at Day I firft faw the flying and imagining I was well Skill’d in N a -
Fifh which the Portuguejes call A ju ador. vigatioa. Being equally in Danger w ith
ana uory. I(. flew fo r about a Musket Shot above the Moors, and concern’d for the Safety
the W ater, and then dropt, the little o f the Ship, tho’ not much better Skill’d
W ings not being able to fupport its than the Tabacconift, I thought fit to
w eight o f ten, or twelve Ounces. He comply with the Nicoda, or Captain,
leaves his natural Element to fave his Handing fometimes by the Compafs, and
L ife ; becaufe the Abnus, or Dorado, as ordering how we fhould Sail. Befides
the Portuguefes call it, continually pur- I made the Men handle their Arras when
fues to devour it. T h is Dorado Fifh that any Veffel appear’d, that we might not
L ives by deftroying another, is o f a be lo ll through their Ignorance and
blewilh Colour, well Tatted, and big Cowardize. Thus upon every Accident
enough to ferve four Men. they call'd for the A ga Garnett, believ-
Wednefday 1 5th, the Storm grew fo ing as being an European, I mutt under-
violent, that we were in fome D anger, ftand every T ilin g (fo great an Opinion
and in the Afternoon it R ain’d harder they have o f us) but I underftood as
than it had done the D ay before, which good as nothing, and did nothing all
lafting all N ight, wetted thofe under as D ay but Steer to the South-ward 5 leav-
w ell as above Deck. T h e Atoorijh W o - ing the Employment at Night, when I
men in the Poop w ept bitterly, as did could not lofe my Sleep, to the dull
their Husbands without, calling upon Tabacconift, who loft at N ight all we
their falfe Prophet Mahomet to deliver gain’d in the D ay. Thus, tho’ the D ay
them from impending Death. before we had five Sails Abroad, and a
Tburfday 16th, the W ind came Fair, fair W ind, yet on Friday 17 th , we found
and the Sailers thought they difcover’d our Selves in the fame"Place we were in
at forty Miles diftance the Continent o f eleven D ays b efore; a Plague thofe are
Giafch, part o f the Dominion o f the fubjeff to, who Sail in Moorish Ships.
Baluccos. W e held on our Courfe along Making w ay in the D ay, we came up
i t ; but tho’ the Ship made good w ay, with the Lands o f A rabia, Pijftnim lon,
w e could fcarce regain what we loft the Settalau, and Cium a, o f the Kingdom
D ay before, much lefs difcover the Land o f Syndi, under the Dominion o f the
o f Goader, we hop’d to fee in the Even- G reat M ogul, about the firft part o f /»-
ing. Our Misfortune was, that we had doflan.
an ignorant Pilot, who Sail’d by guefs, T h e fame fair W ind continuing on fifolafroiM
without knowing what he was to do, Saturday 1 8th, we made much way, be-Ceremo-
his Rufinefs at Congo having been Selling caufe the Ship was light, and we had ny.
o f Tabacco. By this we may judge how fix Sails Abroad ; the Nicoda taking no
barbaroufly the Moors Adi in other C a- more N otice o f the fearful Pilot, fince
fes, fince they commit their Lives and I advis’d him to make all the Sail he
Eftates in a Ship to a Tabacconift. T his could, when the W ind was Fair. A c
Confideration made F. Francis refufe to the fight o f the N ew Moon, that had
go with us, tho’ much Courted by the caus’d the aforefaid Storm, all the Moors
Matter ot the Veffel T h e Captain in the Veffel in the Evening made their
perceiving the Ignorance o f the Pilot, ufual Prayers and Adorations to her,
who knew nothing o f hisBufinefs, came after the mariner o f the Idolaters, with
in lofty Term s to tell me, he had ftood their Hands open before their Eyes. A
again for the Indies for m y Sake, and Gun was fir’d for Jo y , and all o f them
fhaking

i1 .
1 (q^> i
//> — c \ \
f P
n yj A Voyage round the W O R L D .
* ----- -■— --------- - ‘ :
r» K S \ftaldng Hands, w ill’ d one another a
G m d lu WpPY Month.
1604.. S u n d a y 1 9th, the Wind continu'd Fair,
h o t there was little of it. Monday 20th,
it was contrary, fo. that we made no
WSV. T -ie fd a y 2 iff, was fuch a Calm,
that ! loft ail hopes of keeping C h r ift -
m a s Alhore * and 1 had fuch a Conteft
with the Pilot, who made no way by
-Might that I would meddle no more
• v'th Steering the Ship. W ed n ej'd a y 22,d,
ihc Wind Was Fair, but fo little of it,
that WC could not make much way 3 but
o„ n u rfd a y 23d, it. frelhned, and held
all Night, and F r id a y 24th •, yet we could
not difeover the Continent, and I have
the Satisfaction of keeping C h r iJ lm a s 'E v c
Afiiore.
S a tu rd a y 25th, fo great a Day for the
Redemption of Man, the Sea appearing
cover'd with tliofe Weeds the Rivers
carry dowm into the In dian Sea, we b e-
can to hope we (hould foon difeover
Land 1 and carting the Lead we found
eighteen Fadom Water. ' tlia? ,a* a C v? wJ l
Sunday 26th, we began to fee fame
Snakes of the Colour of thofe we call
C tv v o n u drove out by the Rivers into
the Sea, and carting the Lead, we found
no bottom, which made us begin to fear
Sands. About Evening, a contrary
Wind flatted up, and difappointed our
Hopes of feeing Land on M onday 27th.
But before Sun-rifing, on T m fd a y 28th,
the ignorant Sailers" and Pilot began to
fancy they faw the Land and Fort of
D m , which runs further out into the Sea
than any other. Upon this joyful News,
the Captain, according to the Mcorijh
Cuftom, treated all the Sailers with Cat-
ciaro, that is, black Kidney-Beans, Rice,
and Lentils all Boil’d together. They
Eat- this Indian Food, dipping their
Hands into a Dilh of melted Butter, and
then filling it with the C a c c ia r o , and fo
cramming their Mouths. Since we ima-
P iu Fort gjne our Selves in fight o f D in , it is not
andCity, improper to leave the Moors to their
foon fading Pleafure, and Acquaint the
Reader • That this Fortrefs is feated in
a fmall Ifland verv near to the Conti-
nent and Bay of C a m b a y a . Its Port is
capabic of large Ships. TheCaftleftands
on the top of a Rock, with only a nar-
row Path to it, cut out of that very Mafs
o f Stone •, fo that a fingic Man may de-
fend it. This Rock is all about Preci-
pices, and has no other high Ground
to Command i t •, for which reafon the
Conqueft of it coft the F o rm e n e je s more
Blood and Trea Cure, than all their other
<kmquefts in I n d i a : but they ought to
V- t f} A
p i y
■■■
§L
Book ill.
“ ' ■■■;— “— — -------------- _ _ -------
fpare nothing for the gaining of it, he-
>t is a Check upon all Ships that
Sail the I n S a n Ocean. T he City is on
the Continent, not far from the Fort,
and Inhabited by Chriftians, Mabomc-
tans a n d Gentils. Its Liberties Extend
four Miles along the Sea-Shore, till the
Place where they pafs the River B ran -
c a v a r ia . It Borders on the two King-
doms of. C u a a r a t t c and Cambaya , both
Subject to the M o g u l , When B a d a r ,
King of C a m b a y a Belieg’d this Place,
D , N u m d A cu n a , Goyernour of Goa,
came to Relieve it, and not only rais’d
the Siege, but kill d the King 3 Ihewmg
at once the strength of the Place, and
Valour o t the F o rtu g u e jc s . A c u n a en-
tnng the City D in , in the Year 1535,
found an old Man of 3 3 $ Years of Age, a 3 e°f
who had a Son at 90. He had. chang’d ful Agc.
his Teeth three times, and his Beard as
ofteii gtew Grey, after having been
black. Pie begg d of D. N a n o , a R u p ie
a Day, worth about five C ,.rim e s of N a ~
te}~ M i f f H id
mg him, King S u lta n B a d u r had allow’d f j . f l ,
him fo much ; but the Generous P o r t u - f4 g , 2$9.*
g » e f t inftead o f one, allow’d this In d ia n t if. D e a l
Phenix three, in refpedt to his venera- *>«• <*•
bie Age. They fay, all the Accounts m u '
he gave, agreed perfedly well with the
Hiftories of his Times, tho’ he could v e m i.d e
not Read. A t laft he dy’d at above Amos.
400 Years of Age, as they relate in lit r e s .
thofe Parts.F. H ia c in t b de D m tells
us further, That this Indian Noah was
firft a Shepherd in Bengala, in 1230, and
carry’d S. F r a n c is over the River on his
Back, who for his Reward gave him a
pair o f Beads 5 there are feveral Partl-
culars that may render this Opinion the
more improbable; but the chiefert, that
we never read S. Francis was in India.
Thence the old Man went to D m , where
he Liv’d many Years, and then return-
ing to B e n g a la , convers’d, and was ac-
quaiuted with feveral P o n u g u e je s , and
Religious Men of the Order o f S. F r a n -
c ,s , about the Years 1605, and 1606.
During the whole Courfe of his Lite he
profefs’d three Religions, being firrt a
F a g a n , for 100 Years 3 than a M a b o m e -
ta n for 3003 and laftly, a Cathohck ar
the end of his Life, the faid F r a n c ifc a n s
Baptizing him lum in B e n g a la , as the
fame F. H ia c in tb Writes. 1 hey tel! us p e r i l .
of another that Liv’d ,300 Years at M a - V o m g .
la c a . . . . . ..
Having in imagination difeover’d the
Point of D in , we flood away to South-
ward for D a m a m , the contrary Wind
coming Fair It conuau d fo till W e d -
wefday
' . ■
IS! . ■ *sl
Chap. V. Of P E R S i A.
nefday 29th at Noon, when we were be-
Gtmellu calm’d, and the Weather was as hot as
1695. it is at Naples in Augufl. In the Even-
/ ing the Wind came fair again. Our T a -
bacconifl Pilot, being as I faid fo igno-
rant that he underltood neither C art,
nor Compafs, all the Moors believ’d that
fome Land we faw before us on Thurf-
^ 3 G t h , in the Morning had been the
Village o f Maym, near Bazaim , a C ity
belonging to the Portuguefes, and confe-
quently that they were at the end of their
Voyage. A ll the Sailers rejoyc’d, and
the Merchants much more, as thinking
their Lives and Eftates in fafety; and
the Ignorant Pilot, vainly puff’d up with
Pride, for having brought the Ship fafe
to India, went about with a Sheet o f Pa-
per in his Hand, to enter what the Paf-
fengers promis’d to give him as a re-
ward for his care; but coming to ask
what I would give, I faid, 1 would give
nothing ; for he rather deferv’d to he
Punilh’d than rewarded ; being through-
ly fatisfy’d the Land we faw, was not
that he imagin’d. The fame day difco-
vering a large Bark, the A rab Soldiers
o f our fmall Veflel had a falfe A la rm ;
a netting o f Robes was made on the
prow , to cover them, and our ten fmall
Guns were loaded,but Night drawing on
w e loft light o f her. T h e Pilot was for
furling the Sails to come to an Anchor,
but 1 prevail’d with the Captain not to
confent to it, as well on account o f the
Bark we had feen, as becaufe a jj that
Coalt is intefted with Pyrates: f Friday
being the lafl: o f the Year 1694 w e were
becalm’d not far from Land.
Saturday the firlt oJ the year 16 9 5 ,
drawing near to the Shore upon the mi-
ftaken notion, that we were on the
Portuguefes T erritories, t h e $ oac was
fent o ff to difcover it. N o t \ . „ atding
danger, to fatisfy my curiofity^ \ went
inconfideratly aboard it, both to fee the
Country and hear News o f Antony M a-
chado de Brito, Adm iral o f the Portu-
guefe Fleet, with whom I had been ac-
quainted at M adrid. T h e Captain o f
our Ship who took particular care o f me
for the fake o f the Pertugueft Commif-
fioner, oppos’d my going a long while,
as not being well fatisfy’d that Coalt
belong’d to Portugal, and perhaps he
fear’d, i f it were fome other misfor-
tune might befal m e; but feeing I was
ttbftinate, rather than difpleafe, he fuf-
fer’d me to go. T h e contrary W ind
which blew hard, would not permit us
to make directly for the V illage; but
drove us alhore a Mile from it. Being
Vol. IV .
fQ K
193
difcover’d from Land, a Bark put out to
enquire what Veflel outs was, as we
went to be inform’d o f their Country.
W e were told that fmall place was call’d
Mangalor in the Kingdom o f Guzaratte
4 p ° Miles from Damam. T his furpri-
zing News terrify’d m e; and perceiving
the Moors in our Boat, fufpedted the o-
thers were Sangdo Pyrates, and only
perfuaded us chat was the place it was
not, that they might carry us off, w ith-
out any trouble, the Sanganos border-
ing on the Kingdom o f Guzaratte. I en-
deavour’d to perfuade them for our fafe-
ty to cut the Rope that held us, and
make away to our Veflel. T h ey an-
fw er’d it was too late, and (hould per-
fe&ly call: our felves away, if the others
hapned to be too fivifc for us, as they
mull be, having a better Boat and more
Oars to fetch us up, There being no 0-
ther remedy, we fuffer’d our felves to
be led away like fo many Lambs before \
the Commander o f the place. He re­
ceiv’d us not ill, as we fear’d, but with
c iv ility ; giving us leav&.co take in W a­
ter, whereof we had much need. It
was brought us in the daikefl: o f the
N ight, by the Country W omen in ear-
then Veflels, one upon another. T h ey
cover’d all their Bodies, and Heads with
long Garments like Smocks o f silk ; in-
their Ears they had Gold Rings., and a-
bout their Arms^ others o f ;GIafs. N o-
thing couldd.je leen o f them but their
Feet and Faces.
T h e Habitation Was a fmall Village on Little
the Sh o re; I fay it was but little in refpeft !Mmgdor,
of the great M angalor, a dependance
w hereof it is, 5 Miles diftant, and govern’d
by a Afoi><i&,orGovernor appointed by the
G reat Mogul, who they told me had two
Cattles there. T h e Inhabitants told us
how much we were mittaken, inform-
ing us that the Point w etookforZV # was
the Country o f the Sangano Pyrates, and
the Land we law next Mangalorpotan, o f
the fame Kingdom o f Guzaratte, not far
diftant from them to the Southward ;
oppolite to which place, we lay, as was
faid before, three days becalm’d, and j/
bearing up againft contrary Winds,
Having taken W ater, and obtai.u’d
leave to return to our Ship; about Mid-
night the Bark with fome Indian M er-
chants aboard it bore us Company, to
perfuade our Nicodd to {land in for the,
Shore, upon hopes o f a good Market
for his G oods; but he with good reafon
fufpefting their Honelty, as being B o r- l
derers on the Sangano P y rates, gave
them good W ords, promiflng fo to do,
B b ihe
III ;" .'.■ ' -.-1'.'.
194 /4 Kojyt'/geround the
* s A / ) the next Day ; yet at break of Day,
Gemetn. on Sunday 2d, he fet Sail with a fair
i<5o<;. Wind, which afterwards quite ceas’d,
- i / Y V and left us becalm’d.
All the Sailers and Paffengers blam’d
the Pilot for his Ignorance, who inftcad
of carrying us to Damam, had run us
up 400 Miles higher Eaft-ward, and al-
moll into the Mouths of the ravenous
Sangano Pirates, who were but thirty
Miles diftant. Some were for throw ing
him Over-Board j feme were fatisfy’d
with Railing, and putting him by the
Steering of the Ship; fo that the fooiifh
old Fellow had fcarce a Word to fay
for bimfelf. I told the Nicoda he de-
ferv’d as many Strokes as he had agreed
to Pay him A hajfu, for his Ignorance,
Twelve Merchants, and M m ijh Fachirs,
who went to Beg in the Indies, for this
Reafon refus’d to go any further Aboard
the Ship, and being fet AChore, Tra-
veil’d along it a-Foot, thinking ic; IcB
Dangerous than to continue in a Veflel
govern’d by a Tafecco-Seller, who had
fpenr 37 Days id a Voyage of 20, with-
out coming to his Port, Steering three
Days to and fro North-ward, when be
Chouid have ftood South. The Wind
frelhing after Noon, we coafted along
Imloftan , making good way at Night.
M onday 3d, the Wind prov’d fo crof
that we could not reach D ju , as we had
intended, and this becaufe the M oorijh
Mariners a r e a whole t’ib^^ipreadipj?
a Sail j calling Mahomet to their Afli-
ftance, with a tedious Song upon every
little Accident. We came to an An-
chor in eighteen Fadoni Water, till the
Tide and Wind which were againft ns
came Fair. The Indian Seas are but
fhaliow, fo that tho’ we were 1go Miles
from Land, we were forc’d to keep
Sounding. Four Hours after Night-fall
we Sail’d again, the Wind blowing hard
at North, and the Sea running high-,
the Sky was as clear as it is the fineft
Night in Ju ly at Naples.
Tuefday 4th, the Wind came about
fairer, which helped us on considerably,
Bein g near Land at Night, we kept but
one Sail Abroad, founding continually.
At laft, finding twelve Fadom for a
great while, we came to an Anchor,
ftaying for Day to draw nearer the Land
we few.
IVednefday 5th, in the Morning, we
thought we were between Damam and
Baz.dm , and the Tide being againft us
waited dll it turn’d, which was about
Noon. Drawing near the Land, the
Water began to look whiter, by reafon
I
, 1 %
r.
. -i-.;- ■:,■”'■vy
§L
: *| t.y;
W ORLD. Book ill.
of the Rivers that runs into it. We
made feme little way, and Anchor’d a-
gain becaufe the Wind was contrary;
Thole Brutal M oors being fuch unskilful
Sailers, that they knew not how to ad-
vance a Step, unlefs the Wind was vc-
ry Fair. But it was my own Fault that
1 lay fo long at Sea, becaufe I would
not follow the Advice of F . Chiarlmton ,
a French Je fu it } for had I gone Aboard
the Englijh Ship, I had been long before
Alhore* taking my Eafe.
We weigh’d Anchor at Mid-night,
but dropt it again on Thurfday 6th,
before Day, for the aforefaid Reafbn,
fo that when I expected to have kept a
merry Twelfth-Tide Alhore, after a
hard Lent at Sea, becaufe my Provisions
fell (hort, I was forc’d againft Inciina-
tion to continue my Abftinence. We
fee Sail fome time after, but within a
few Hours Anchor’d again, becaufe the
Tide would not permit us to make way
but at certain Hours,
1 went again Afhore in the Boat to
know what Goaft it was, the Danger at
M an gdor not having yet had the good
Efiedt to make me more Cautious, none,
of the Sailers being able to give a good
Account what part of the PortuguefeD 0-
minions we were upon. Being hindred
by the Flats from coming any nearer
than within half a Mile of the Shore,
two Seamen fwam thither to get feme
Intelligence. One of thefe who return’d,
the oyy\er not daring to Swim back,
brougnv Account, that we were near
the Village of Nevigot1, two Days Jour-
ney for a Foot-Traveller from Damam
towards Baz.dm . Returning Aboard
with this Relation, we weigh’d upon the
Flood, and dropt Anchor again upon
the E'u/, .bout B azdm .
Tlifr ^ r r e n t, or Tide alters twice
in 24 & M r$- It runs for fix Hours from
break of Day towards\ Bazaim , or the
South 3 then it runs till about Evening
to the North towards Damam j then it
turns again cowards Bazaim , and holds
till Mid-night •, after which it turns to
the North, and holds till break of Day.
’Tis true, thefe Turns are not at the
fame Hours all the Year about, tho’ the
running one way or the other always
continues the fame time,
Friday 7th, we hoifted Sail about
Noon, with an indifferent Wind, and
Anchor’d again in the Evening. After
Mid-night we advanc’d again, and Sa-
tarday 8th, at Sun-riling, at length came
to an Anchor off Damam. Tho’ we
fpread our Sails again after Noon, they
were
%
C l| <SL

Chap. V.
------ --—--------——-------------------- ' '■ _
Of P- E R■'",l"S-nI. A. - ■' ---------
1^5
(NJV-^> were foon Furl’d through the Ignorance Pilot. I went immediately Afhore iri
Cemelli. o f the P ilot, for he rather loft than the Boat with the Captain. Here I had
1695. gain’d Ground. Sunday 9th, we weigh’d the good Fortune to meet F. Francis, and
U T V four Hours before D ay, and dropt A n- F. Confiantin, the Faftor o f Bajfora, be-
chor again at Sun-riling, the W ind con- ing already gone for Baz.aim ; dhd Im- .
tinuing ftill at North. Four Hours be- braciilg one another interchangeably,
fore Night we fet forward again with congratulating our happy A rrival iri In-
an indifferent G ale, which drove uS on dia, after our parting at Bander-Congo,
a good way by N ight, when we A n - theycarry’d me to thtir Monaftery o f St.
chor’d. Anguflin ; where the Father Prior very
Monday 10th, we came to an Anchor Courteoufly receiv’d, and made much of
near Damam, after a Voyage o f 120 0 me, appointing feveral Servants to at-
Miles, or 400 Leagues; which we run tend me, that I might the better recover
twice over through the Ignorance o f the my felf after my Fatigues at Sea.
V ol. IV.

The End of the Second P A RTt

r: < • *
I ' VW1*fit'll i \ * y .i n"T -%'■

i»-—-.—4 j f ~ff 1 ' f H1 nfii'.ii-i „ ------------------- -------------------- . • ---- ,

V r
\ X 'L , \ .• ■ ; '

B b i A V O If-

• *

- t n
m Go^F\
111
196
/ , . . "‘ .
V O Y A G E
Round the W O R L D ,
By
PA R T
Containing the moft Remarkable Things he (aw in
IN D 0 S I AN.
Defcription0} Damam, a Citybelonging to the Portuguefes in Indoftan.
T ^ V rra Tcl]er better
Gemelli, | Plea« d> endurmg many
t6p<. hardihips, .or a conliderable
time in far diftant Countries, in being
fafely reftor’d to his native Soil, enjoy-
ingthe company o f deareft Friends, and
relating what he had leen ; than I was
at my Landing in hdoilan, which made
me forget the Toils of my troublefome
Voyage. I f it be extraordinary delight-
ful to feed the Ears with the Relation o f
whac precious things Nature has be-
flow ’d on that wealthy Country, for the
eafe o f humane Life % you may judge
how great a fatisfadion it was to me, to
be upon the fpot where I might actually
fee and be acquainted with them. Be-
ing therefore lodg’d in the Monaftery
of the juguflinians in Damam, and ha-
ving a little relied me after my Voyage,
on M m day the n th o f January 1^ 9 5,
I apply d my felt to landing o f my £ -
quipage. T he Pmaguefe Faftor was fo
civil that as at Bander-Congo my Portman-
toes had not been fearcli’d for the fake
o f the Commillioner 5 fo neither were
they open’d at Damam through his conr-
tefy. He obligingly told me, he could
<SL
Book TT
" -— — .................. ................ ....
. -
■ ''' '' it '■ *
D r.‘JohnFrancis G e m
IIL
a.r
c
h
wilb 1 had brought the value o f 100000
Crowns * for in regard 1 was a flrangef
he would not have taken any Cuftom o f
me-, for had I been a Fm m uefe. I mu ft
have paid to per cent, (which to fay
the T ru th would have been confiderable)
to the Gentils,w ho farm’d the Guftoms
When I acquainted F. Francis with this
Generofity o f the Fadors, he told me
that notwithftanding his being a R eii-
gious Man, having brought two Bales
o f C arp ets, for the fervice o f their
Church, the Cuftom-houfe Officers had
flopp’d them for their Duties. 1 ap-
p ly’d my felf to the F a d o r, to have
them reftor’d to him , reprefenting F.
Francis’s great worth, and >6w ranch
he was efteem’d at Ifpahan by all the
great ones ; fo that at length through
ray interceffion he recover’d his Bales,
T h e Cicy Damam is feated on the left D m m
fide o f the River o f that Name, in 20 City,
degrees o f Latitude. T h o’ but ill peo-
pled, it is Beautified enough, and built
after the Italian manner. ' T hree broad
Streets divide it in length, and four a-
crofs them i all fo regularly built that
the corners o f the- Houfes (which are
for
cf , ■ ■ _
 III <SL

Chap. I. OfI N D O S T A N. ~ T 97
for the moft part trench’d about) do not but no Vefiels either great or fmall can
Gemelli. j ut- out: an Jnchone beyond another 3 ’tis come in but at Flood, daring fix Hours
1<s95 - true moft o f them have only a Ground o f the D ay, as was faid in the forego-
Floor, very few having any Rooms a- ing Book, as it is at Ofiend in Flanders,
bove, and they are generally T i l ’d. In- and Calls in Picardy. T h e Stream is fo
ftead o f Glafs their W indows are made rapid at Ebb that no Oars can ftem it,
o f Oyfter Shells curionfly W rought and but they muft needs come to an Anchor
Tranfparent. Every Houfe lias its Gar- (unlefs the W ind fets in very hard,) and
den or Orchard with Fruit T rees. ftay till the next Flood. T h is is-to be
Air. T he A ir o f Damarn is very good, be- underftood o f Vefiels o f fmall Burden3
ing North o f G oa3 and tho its Summer for great Ones can neither go in or out
and W inter be at the fame time as it is at but twice a Month, that is, when the
Goa (for whilft I ftay’d it was Summer Moon is new and at the full, becaufe o f
in thofe parts, and the W inter is from the Spring Tides, which there they call
M ay till the end o f September, with con- great Tides.
tinual Rain and Storms) yet during that T he Entrance into this Harbour is de­
time I call’d Summer, there is fome fort fended by a fmall Caftle feated on the
o f Coolnefs in the M orning, which is fide o f old Damam. It is longilh and
not at Goa. has three Baftions, well enough furnilh’d
Fortifica- Ic has four modern and wel1 Built Ba' w 'th Cannon- 0 ,1 t,ie North M e o f the
tion. ftions3 but ’ tis fomewhat irregular, and C ity is a fmall Suburb, confifting o f C ot­
ill provided with Cannon. T h e Com- tages cover’d with Palm -Tree-Leaves,
pafs is about tw o Miles , without any and inhabited by Chriftian B lack s; and
Ditch on the Eaft and South fides, but at a fmall diftancefrom it, a Village o f
with a low W o r k , or Intrenchment Gentils, with a
Breafthigh. On the other fides the Ditch In the Year 1 535. M artin Alfonfo de
is fill’d by an A rm o f the R iv er, towards Soufd took and deftroy'd Damam in three
which there are tw o Gates, and before Days. In 1559- D.Conflantin Sontothe
the firft a Draw-Bridge. A ll the W alls Duke o f Bragansza Viceroy o f India, re- j „ i page
are back’d with Ramparts. took it from A fid Eofita Abyffino, who 252 ih.F.
Covem- T h e Government is in a Captain, or had revolted from his Sovereign, and
ment. Commandant, and it is kept by a good made it o f confiderable Strength. T he
Garrifon. T h e Fa&or before mention’d great Mogul has attemped to reduce it fe-
has the charge o f the K in g’s Revenue, veral tim es3 and particularly fifty Years
It is inhabited by Ponuguefes, M efiiz.es, ago Aurenge - Zeb - Alanguir afterwards
who are born o f white Fathers and black K in g, lay’d Siege to it with an Arm y o f
Mothers, Paeans and Mahometans3 but eighty thoufand Men 3 but the Ponuguefes
tbefe two la°ft are not allow’d the free defended it fo bravely, making a terri-
exercife o f their Religion. T h ere are ble Slaughter o f the Enemy with their
Monafte- feveral good Monafteries, as thofe o f the continual Sallies at N ight, that he was
lies- Jefuits, the Recolets, the Augufiimans, forc’d after lying three Months before it,
and theParilh Church 3 but none o f them to march o ff with the lofs o f half his
has above three Altars oppofite to the A rm y. T h e occafion o f it was, that the
D oor. T h e Monafteries are convenient Moguls refolving to make the laft Effort
enough for the religious Men. T h at o f to take it, and having to this purpofe
S.Aum fH n, where I refided, had an ex- plac’d two hundred Elephants m the
cellentfquareCloifter, with twelve good Front with long lharp Swords m their
Stone Columns, befides the four great T ru n k s; the Beafts frighted with the
Pillars at the Angles. Above in the Fire of the Ponuguefes Muskets, ran dii-
Dorm itory there are twenty eight fmal- orderly upon the Mahometan Arm y, cut­
ler Columns. £ing in pieces abundance of Men, with
Old Da- A ll that has been here mention'd be- the fame Weapons they were Arm ’d to
mm. longs to new Damam 3 for the old is on deftroy the Chriftians. T h e Barbarians
the right o f the aforefaid R iver, con- being but in a bad condition by their own
filling o f poor low Houfes , or rather Contrivance 3 the Ponuguefes retiring m-
Cottages with Mud W alls, and cover’d to the T o w n , began in fcorn to throw
with Palm T re e Leaves. Here moft o f Cockle-lhells , which the Mahometans
the Moors and Gentils live, having their abhor, into the Enemies Camp, with an
Shops o f feveral Trades along the ill Engine they call Papagayo, made of Paft-
contriv’d Streets. board ftrengthned with Canes and car-
Between the old City and the new is r y ’d up into the A ir by the W ind and
The Port. t{ie Harbour made by the R iver Damam 3 guided by a Rope.
1 nc
1

ia q
f(l)|
f f y —^ V \

|®S f§ ffL
<SL
198 A Voyage round the W O R L D . Book 1.
rxA /T The Portaguef a Live very great in T h e y have no good Flelh to Eat in Provifi-
C'enttRi. India, both as to their Tables, Cloath- Damam ; becaufe the Beef and Pork is ons.
1(595. ing, and number o f Cafres, or Slaves to ill tailed : T h ey feldotn kill Sheep or
v/Y V s erve them ; having feme o f thefe to Goats ; and every Body cannot go to
rortugucjls carry tirera in p alanchms on their Shoul- the Price o f Fowls. Filh is alfo fcarce,
LivinE ders, 3I1^ others great Umbrelloes o f and none o f the heft ; befides they have
' “ Palm -Tree Leaves. T h e Balanchine is no Oil o f Olives to drefs it, but inftead
like a wooden Bier painted and gelt, fe* thereof make ufe o f that o f Cow-Nuts,
ven Spans long, and four in breadth;, T he Bread is Extraordinary good, even
with two well wrought Kifings at both that they make o f Rice. Thus a Stran-
endst On it they lay a Perfian Carpet, ger at Damam, who is not entertain’d
and over that a piece o f iRuffian Leather, by fome Body, has but an ill time o f it,
that it may not heat their Backs, and i f he expects for his Mony to furniih
two Silk Pillows, on which they lie a- himfelf in the Market 5 becaufe the Gen-
long. There are Ropes, or Iron Rings try have all their Provifions in their
faftned to the ends, through which they Houfes, and the meaner Sort makes a
run a Bamboa, or thick Indian Cane, to Ihift with Rice and Sura, that is, Palm-
lay on the Shoulders o f the Blacks, two T re e W ine, fcarce ever tailing Bread
before, and two behind, all in a Row or all the Year about.
File *, very few being carry’d by two. T h ere is not any one fort o f our Eu- Fruits *ud
T h e Perfon in the Palanchine is cover’d repeat* Fruits, but all Indian, as Coco- Herbs,
with an Umbrelloe o f eight Spans D ia- Nuts, Manfanas, Giambus, V ndis, Ana-
meter, carry’d by a Slave, or elfe fall- nafas, A :a s, Ananas, and others we (hall
tied to the Bamboa that crofles the Pa- defcribe in their proper Place, and give
lankine, and may be turn’d to that fide the Cuts o f them. As for Herbs there
Tdtntines the Sun is on. In rainy Weather they are many o f the European, and o f the
and An- ufe anot},er fort of Carriage call’d A n - Country among which the Roots of
doras‘ , dora, with a Covering made o f Palm- that call’d Caffaras, being like white
T ree Leaves, floaping like the Ridge TartufFs, or Pignuts 5 o f the bignefs and
o f a Houfe, fix'd upon the Bamboa 5 tafte o f a Cheftnut, are excellent,
there are two fmali Windows or Doors Damam is alfo very famous for all Beafts.
on the fides, that may be open’d to lee lores o f Game ; for befides all the E h-
who goes along the Street. The Ando- ropean Creatures o f wild Boars, W olves,
ra differs from” the Palankine in nothing, Foxes, and H ares ; in the Mountains
but the Bamboa-, becaufe the latter has there are thofe they call Baccareos, in
a crooked one, that he who is carry’d fhape like Bucks, and in tafte like Swine 5
may fit up 5 and that o f the Andera is Zambares, whofe Bodies are like Oxen,
ilrait, fo that he muft lye along as i f he and their Horns, and Feet like thole o f
were in Bed. This would be a conve- a Stag ; Gazelles, which arc like G o ats f v
nient way o f T ravelling on thofe foft D ives like Foxes 5 Rofes, with the Body
Pillows for an effeminate European, who like a Cow , fo call’d from a Rofe they
Ihould find fault with thejoulting o f the have on the Breaft ; the Male o f this
Neapolitan Sedans, and would defire to Species is call’d M em , and has Horns
travel in Safety and Sleep. They are half a Span long, and the Body and T ail
generally us’d there by Women, R eligi- like a Horfe 5 W olves like Stags with
ous Men, and ail other Perfons; a R eli- hairy H orns; European S tags; black
gious Men of any note, never being wild Cats with W ings like thofe o f the
Iren abroad in India, but in an Andora Bats, with which they skip and fly from
or Palankine, attended by many Slaves, one T re e to another, tho’ they be far
there being but few Converts. Befides, diftant; wild Horfes and Cows. There
the Charge is very inconfiderable, for are three forts o f T igers, call’d Bibo,
they that have no Slaves, pay four Indi- Cite, and the Royal, each differing from
ans but twelve CoJUnes o f Naples a Month the other in bignefs o f Body, and vari-
for carrying them. ety o f Spots, It being their Property to
Coaches. When they go out of Tow n, or tra- be continually in fearch o f wild Boars,
vel feme Days Journey, they ufe a fort thefe taught to defend themfclves by
o f Coach drawn by Oxen, guided by a Nature, tumble in the Mire, and dry
Cord run through their Noffrils. Thefe themfelves in the Sun fo often, til! the
Coaches are fquare like a Chair, and Mud is crufted hard on them. Being
can hold but tw o ; the top o f it is com- thus arm’d, inftead o f being made a Prey,
monly cover’d with Silk, three o f the they often gore the Tygers with their
fides open, and the back clos’d with lharp T u s k s ; for they working with
Canes interwoven one within another. their

, \

chaP-1L Qn ^ P O S T A N,'
'7 ^ 1? their C li\ T ° “ thebard Mud> are a iong
G ‘Z f ' tm e Pul f g 1C-ofF’ “ I K thac raeans
S ‘!£ the Boars time to kill them.
i ; J o PonH&He’es bavf two wyy $ Of W -
ling T ygers, one is lying conceal'd in
a Ditch, near the W ater where they
come to Drink * the other going in a
Cart drawn gently through the W ood
by Oxen, and thence lhooung them. But
they ufe aU their Endeavours to bit them
on the Forehead for i f the T yg er tails
n o , b . firS Shot» 1C Srows 10 fO « g ,d
Scnenuncar
H nter Jn Pie f l£ * ' * * * ' * " *
in pieces.
Birds. Beude3 four looted Bealls, there is
great plenty in the Woods ot Peacocks,
Pamdges of two forts, Ducks, Pigeons,
Iitrcie-D oves, Swallows, Rooks, and
iS S L ^ S r ? TK for
Paftime keep a fort in Cages about as
big as a Thrulh, call’d Maninhos of the
U ty and o f the Country. The firft
are black and wince* the latter o f an
aDlAC i l ° Ur? wnh a i ed Breait.
. A ¥ an ln In^ a be very regular
Difeafes 111 f 'uVn& -aor 1e Wlk into fome in-
Diicaies. curable Diftemper* or at leaft fuch as
mult be cure after the Counrty fafhion
r ’ E* f \ nc-nCe haVk| ft* * ?
rCll eS a r n ° L n° Ufe
there. 1 he Dileafe they call M ordaun
Irl -CaT ^ f efer* . l 0mT &
indiesc. io W eaknd sin the Limbs, and Head-ach.
p. 3 «9. ! c d w a y,s proceeds from too much Eat-
ing, and is cur d by burning both the
Heels with a red hot Spit, till the Pad-
ent feds the heat o f the Fire. T hat
they call Bombardbs, and N aricat, fwells
and cauls* a violent pam in the Belly,
and to cure it, Fire is aifo apply d to the
Sw elling, fo that thofe who have the
good Fortune to recover carry the figns
o f the Fire afterwards on their Belly,
Foi this reason the Phyfitians that go out
o f Form al into thofe parts, rauftat firft
k iep company with the Indian Surgeons
to je fit to Practice* otherwife if they
go about to cure thofe Diftempers, fo
far different, from ours after the European
manner, they may chance to K ill more
CHAP,
The Authors jbort Voyage to Suratte, and, Return to Daraam.
T T A v i n g a curiofity to fee Suratte, and
X JL it being eafie to go thither* be-
caule the Convoy was ready to fail for
Cambaya and other Parts, I went on Fn~
day 14th, to give a vifit to the Comma-
70\
§L
,~ I
than they Cure. For fear o T th e fT n !
feafes on Fle/h Days they on y ea t F £ h
at Dinner, and generally FiTh^t N W
The Habit o f the PorLuefes that have Habit
fetled their aboad inJndTa is very odd
for under their Coats or Veils the? wear
a fort o f Breeches, call’d Candales the
like whereof I ne ver fa w in any p i c o f
E*rof t * for when they are ty’d tl eWeave
fotnething like the tops o f Boots o n S e
Leg. Others under a fhpre Double
wear wide Silk Breeches* and fome have’
t e mfervefor
they j m g t oHofe.
n t o t h H r W ie s , fo t S
The Gemits wear a lonp Silk Gar
meat, gather’d about th eW aft like a
Petticoat- It is ty’d with ^ bbon s be!
fore upon the Breall, and under the left
A ™ like the * " f i " C a h y ^ J d w i t h
a Girdle about the middle* under ir
they have long Breeches down to their
Heels. O n th d rS h o u Id e rX n g sa Jie ce
o f Silk or W oollen, which they wrap
about their Head when it is cold the
Turbant being but very finall. Other!
go naked, only covering their Privities
with a Clout. e
The Women have no other Garment
but 3 lonS P ^ e of Stuff, wherewith
they COVer 3,1 their Bodv> e-^cept their
Legs and part o f their Belly. Some add
3 litd P o f Smock with half Sleeves*
adorning their bare Arras with Bracelets,
and Strings o f Glafs and Lattou • their
Ears with large Silver Pendents , and
their Ankles with Rings o f the fame
Metal, 6 1 n
Wednefday t2th, I went to vifit the
R in g’s Factor, being much oblig’d to him
for his Civility. The fame Dav 1 went
with F. Cmfiamin to old JDamsm for
Paftime. Thufrday 1 3 th, we went to take
the A ir In a Garden o f the AuguJHnians
as well the religions Men, as their Guefts
and others, In five of the Country Coa-
ches, F. Francis treated us generouflv.
Coming home I faw them on the Shore
building a VefTel they call G alavetta,
which was all Pinn’d with Wood, and
Caulk’d with Cotton.
II.
doreof the Galliots that were to Convoy
the Trading VefTels, and defir’d him to
give me my Paflage aboard his, which
was built Frigot fafhion and carry’dtwen-
tyGuns. He civilly granted it, fo Cour­
teous
III ' '
200 A Voyage round the W O R L t ).
teous is the Forturuefe Nation, andthere-
F s s a . ’s & s
J X > t c T D t a i™ , leaving my Luggage with
my Man aboard the Commadore’s Galliot
and the great Stream carrying us out o f
the Harbour prefently after N oon , we
Sail’d with a fair W ind whic h continu’d
ll iSiolir
a Sunday 16th, about break o f Day we
came inflight of the Bay o f Suratte, that
City being but fixty Miles from Damam,
m!d entring it with a fair W ind, came
to an Anchor at Snali , twelve Miles
from the City. L immediately went a
Shore with the Commadore’s Nephew,
where the Cuftotn- HoufeOfficersfearch’d
I r Bags naiTowly for Pearls, or Z «>
chines. Then I went tc fee the Director
n f rhp French Comranv who kept me
fi, , L f y becauft they mult do itagainft W ind, to
r . W Suratte is featedin twenty Degrees o f
) swrttteCi- . . and a hundred and five of Lon-
ekude at the Mouth o f the Bay o f Cam-
b T a ^and kingdom of Guzarahe. It is
not* large, enclos’d by a weak W a ll,
built after it was Plunder’d b ; Savan, or
Kacacri T h eC a ftleis no better, having
four "^Towers but no Ramparts, but ei-
ther coming from Sea or Land it mull
be nafs’d by to come at the City. T h e
Governor o f it only commands the G ar-
rifon Souldiersi the City being .go -
vern’d by a Nabab, who receives the
King’s Taxes throughout the whole Pro-
viace. T h e private Houfes are built
with Mud mixt with Cows Dung, and
fmall Brulh-wood broke; there are not
above a do'zen good ones belonging to
French, Enelijh, Dutch and Mahometan
Merchants.^ Neverthelefs Suratte is the
prime Mart o f India, all Nations in the
W orld Trading thither, no Ship failing
the Indian Ocean, but what puts in there
to Buv, Sell, or Load; for in the Port o f
Suratte there is a Trade not only for
all forts o f Spice, and among them for
G inger, but o f very rich Gold and Silk
Stuffs ’o f verv fine Cottons and other
Commodities brought thither from re-
motr Parts.. There are fuch rich m cr-
chants, that they can load any great Ship
out o f one o f their Ware-Houfes. I may
fay without enlarging, that all the rich
Silks and Gold Stuffs curioufly wrought
Aiudtba with Birds and Flo w ers; all the Bro-
City. ca(jcs Velvets, Taffetas, and other forts
made in Jm adabat, are convey’d to Su-
ratter which is but four Days Journey
from it. i fay, thofe o f Jm adabat, which
l D -l
§L
iBook 1.
is thegreateft City in India, andl nothing
Jb m l^ im d ttK S tte e tsH a rro w , Crook-
flues made in the moll valuable Agate
that is brought into Europe,
Cambaya the Metropolis o f thatK m g- Cm i0a
dom was a large and nch City, v\ hilft t e c
Porturuefes were poffefs’d o f it, Earache
and Suratte, for this brave Nation go-
vern’d it well enough, the Gate being
ttill Handing that People made for its fe-
curity * but after they abandon d it and
retir’d to the Sea it loft much o f its
Splendor and Magnificence; for the V e -
fels Anchor twelve Miles from and
cannot come up to the City but with the
Flood; which is fo violent and fw ift
that a Hoife can fcarce outrun it. F
this reafon the Ships often do not go up,
check the violcnceof the Tide thatdtives
fo impetuoiifly. ,
Barofce above mention d is famous for Bmfce
its excellent white and ftain’d Calicoes city,
as alfo for Ginger, and the beft Market
for i^ Commodiaes is at W r c en
Miles diftant from it. Its Port is tne
R iver, which falls into the Sea fifteen
Miles low er, up which fmall Barks can
go with the Tide. .
I purpofely omit to mention particu-
larly fo many Counm es, which l^ e R i-
vers to the Sea convey all their W ealth
to Suratte, becaufe of the good Vcnc
they find f o r k there ; this being a mat-
ter w ell known to D erek s
would be a much greater Refort, were its
Port better, and that the VelTels when
they have run fix Miles up the R iver,
were not fore d to lye at Saab, ten
Miles from the C it y ; whened and w -
ther Commodities are convey d in fmall
Boats.
Monday 17th , I law the Church or t
Capucins which is decently adorn d, an
their Houfe convenient, thofe good M n
having built it after the manner o f Eu-
rope. . . _
Taefday i8th, 1 went to fee t h e T r M rffff
of the Genuls, we call Banians , under Tr
which they 1have: the Pfgods o f them I-
dols, and Meet to perform their Cere-
monies, It is o f t h e fame bignefsand
fort as that defcribd
b u t the Pagods differ, for under this l
found four, one calld o f M am am va,
which has a mighty Front; two others0
Rio-Ram, and the fourth a retiring Place
for Fachires that do Pennance; whereas
III
cii’ip. ill. o f i TTB o s t a n T
C\^ k .s under the T re e at Bander-Congo there
Cemelli. is but one.
i Under this Tree and In the neighbou-
i / v S ) ring Parts there are many Men, who
Fachimot have enjoyn’d thenifelves and do perform
Penitents. f uch dreadful Pennances, that they will
feem fabulous to the Reader, and impof-
iiblc to be gone through without the
afliftance o f the D evil. You may fee one
hanging by a Rope ty’d under his Arms
and to the T re e , only his Feet touch-
ing the Ground, and the reft o f his Bo-
dy being Bow’d, and this for many Years
without changing Place or Pofture D ay
o r N ight. Others have their Arm s lif-
ted up in the A ir, fo that in procefs o f
T im e there grows fuch a Stiffnefs or
Hardnefs in the Joynts that they cannot
bring them down again. Some lit with
their Hands lifted up without everm ov-
ing them. Others ftand upon one Foot,
and others lye along with their Arm s
under their Heads for a Pillow. In lb art,
they are in fuch Pollutes, that fometimes
a Man can fcarce believe his Eyes, but
fancies it is an Illufion. Thus they eon-
tinue Naked all Seafons o f the Y ear, with
vaft long Hair, and Nails grown out,
expos’d to the Rain, and burning Rays
o f the Sun, and to be ftung by F lie s,
whom they cannot drive away. Other
Fachirs who take that Employment fup-
p ly their N ecd fitieso f Eating and D rink-
ing. T hefe Penitents are not alham’d
to go quite N aked, as they came out o f
their Mothers Wombs. T h e W om en
go devoutly to kifs thofe Parts Modefty
forbids us to name, and tho’ they take
them in their Hands they fe d not the
leaft Motion o f Seufuality, but they roul
their Eyes in a moft dreadful manner
without taking notice o f them, as I faw
one on Wednesday ipth , befet by fome
filly Pagan W om en, who paid their R ef-
pefts to him with great Humility.
AnHofpi- Thur/daynoth, a young French Man
tailor conduced me to fee an Hofpital o f the
Bir<L and Gentils, where abundance o f irrational
Jkatts. Creatures were kept. T his they do be-
caule they believe the Tranfm igration o f
Souls, and therefore imagining thofe o f
their Forefathers may be in the vileft,
and filthieft living Creatures they pro-
"...»....
CHAP.
The Authors fljort Voyage to' Bazaim, and Defeription of that City.
Aving long Ante refolv’d to fee Goa,
H on thurfday 25th, I caus’d my Bag-
gage to be carry’d down to the Shore by
Vol. IV.
§L
/n
7 oT
vide them with Food. Thus the wild
Monkeys come to eat what is provided
for them. Befides the prodigious num-
ber of Birds and Bealls main tabl’d there,
particular care is taken o f the Lame and
Sick.. But that which molt amaz’d me,
tho’ I went thither to that purpofe, was
to fee a poor W retch naked bound Hands
and Feet, to feed the Bugs or Punaifes,
fetch’d out o f their Sinking Holes to that
purpofe. T h e belt o f ic is that any Man
fhould voluntarily expofe himfelf to be fo
devour'd, for a fmall reward given him,
according to the Hours he wifi continue
under it.
Friday 2 itb , going home, after walk- AFoollfK
m g about a while, 1 faw abundance o f piece of
People got together before a Pagan Mer- Knavery,
chant’s Shop, and in the midft of them a
jugling Fellow with a Hen in one Hand
and a Knife in the other. Inquiring in-
to the meaning o f it, they told me, that
Man was a R o gu e, who when he had a
Mind to get Mony, carry’d that Hen
through the Streets where the Gtntilt
liv ’d, threatningtokill it, that they might
give him Mony to fave its Life, each o f
them believing the Soul o f fome o f his
Kindred might be in that Hen. In fhort,
I faw him receive fome Mony, and go on
ftiil threatning the fame,
Saturday n d , all the Veflels from Din,
Cambaya, Earache and other Places be-:
ing come together to Sail for Goa and o-
ther Dominions o f Portugal, and the
Galiots being ready to Convoy them, I
again went aboard the fame that brought
me. Sailing out o f the Mouth o f the R i-
ver with a fair W ind we got into the o -
pen Sea, and after lying by two Hours
fo r the fmall Veflels to go a head o f us,
w e held on our Courfe gently all Night,
Sunday 23d. at break o f D ay we found
our fd ves many Miles from Damam and
too late to hear Mafs, T he Galiots came
to an Anchor after Noon without the
Mouth o f the R iver, lome fmall Barks go-
ing up it. I found F. Francis expeded
me with Impatience, who receiv’d me
with Exprdfions o f great Affe&ion.
Monday 24th, 1 took leave o f Friends
that had been kind to me, there being an
opportunity to Imbark for Bazaim.
III.
Boes, fo they call Porters in India, and!
thence into a Veflel at Din that carryd
O ars, lying without the R iv er, as the
Gc Fathers
|(t)| <SL
202 ^ Voyage round the W O R L D . Book 1.
pv^V/^ Fathers Francis, and Conftantin had done, fonjo de Soufa, undauntedly attack’d and Maff.Hifl.
,Cemelli. Having with them taken leave with to o k Damam and its Fortrefs, cutting in M .lib.
16954 Thanks o f the Prior and Religious o f pieces all the Turkijh Garrilon, and after- **• PaSe
fc/*VV> the Monallery, we went down to the wards levelling the Caltle with the 2^1"
Shore, and thence in a Boat to the N a - Ground in 3 Days. TheCompafs o f B a-
villo, which was a long Boat o f the King’s, zaim is 3 Miles, and has eight Baltions,
with fix Oars and a fquare Sail in the not all quite finilh'd. On them 1 law fome
middle, having one Falconet aboard, and Pieces ol Cannon, with the Arm s o f Fhi-
feventeen Portuguefe and Canarine Soul- Up the 4th, o f happy Memory King o f
diers. A t Ebb, which fell out when Spain. On the North-fide the Walls are
the Moon was vertical, we fet forwards rampard, and the other Fortifications are
with the help o f a fmall Gale, and of the notyetfiuilh’d ^ on the South hde towards
T id e that let towards Bazaim 5 for from the Chanel, there is only a fingle W all,
the Tim e the Moon firlt appears above that Place being iefs expos’d to the Dan-
the Horizon till Ihe comes to the mid- ger o f Enemies, and fulficiently defended
Heaven the Flood runs towards S u r a t t e by the Ebb and Flood. One third of the
and when the Moon goes down, towards C ity towards the North is Unpeopled, by
Bazaim. reafon o f the Plague which fome Years ra-
7rmr Wednefday 26th, at break o f Day we ges in it. The Streets are wide and ftrait,
Town. were off the Tow n and Fort of Trapor, a and the great Square or Mar ket has good
Place well Inhabited, with Monafteries Buildingsaboutit. There are two princi-
o f Dominicans and Recokts. Ten Miles pal Gates, one on the Eaftand the other
from this the Portuguefes have another im- on the W elf, and a fmall one towards the
pregnable Cattle call’d AJferim-, for be- Channel or Streight. The Harbour is on
fides its being feated on the T o p o f the the Ealt fide, form'd as was faid, by the
H ill, where there is no other higher Ifland and Continent.
Gr ound to command it, a crooked Path The Government is in a Captain, as
cutout o f the Mountain, along which two theycallhim , or Governor, andtheA d-
Men cannot go abrealt, leads up to it,and" miniftration o f Juftice in a Veedor, and the
is defended by feveral Guards, who may Defembargador, who is a G ow n Man, and
withftand an Army only rowling down Judge o f Appeals from all the Veedors o f
the Stones plac’d there to that ptirpole. the Northern C oaft; along which in e-
T he Wind continuing fair we Sail d by very City there are Fadors and Treafu-
Mtim. the Fort and Village o f Maim, and feve- rers for the Revenue o f the Crown o f
ral other Towers and Dwellings, and Portugal. T h e Portuguefe Generalrefides
then by the little I Hand D elaF'aca, or o f at Bazaim, with fovereign Authority o-
theCow, three Miles in Compafs, and not ver the Captain o f that and all the other
far diftant from Bazlm. Much Tim e being Northern Places, whence he is call’d
lo ll waiting for the Barks, and Parancos General o f the North.
that came under Convoy and were mere Friday 28th, I walk’d about the City A Mon-
Slugs, we could not reach Bazaim after with the Fathers, but law nothing fo ex- fter'
feventy Miles Sail till Midnight. W e traordinary, as I did on Saturday 29th,
came to an Anchor before the Channel which was a Pagan born in India, who
form ’d by the fmall Ifland and the Conti- had an Infant flicking fall to his Navel,
nent, for fear o f running aGround in the with all his Limbs perfed except the
dark, and Thurfday 27th, went in with Head, which was in the Man’s Belly,
the Flood. and made its Excrements apart like eve-
T here being no Houfes o f Entertain- ry other perfed Creature. Whether the
ment in the City, we were receiv’d by Man or Infant wasltruck, they both felt
F. Felicianus of the Nativity, born at M a- the Pain.
in the Kingdom o f China, and Prior o f Sunday 3 0 th , Mafs was fung at the ,, -
the Monallery o f the Auguflinians, who Auguftinians with Mulick, which being pe°_
treated us all very courteouily and like a in India was not dilagreeable, and much pie,
true Portuguefe. Gentry was there. The Heat was grea-
BiuimCi- ^ azaim 3 City in the Kingdom o f Cam- ter than at Damam \ fo that as well W o-
ty; baya is feated in 19 deg. o f Latitude, and men as Men went about the Streets na-
10 4 o f Longitude. Nuno de Acuna in the k ed j the Men covering their Privi-
Year 1535 took it for King John o f Porta- ties with a Clout, and the Women their
gal, from Badar King o f Cambaya, who Bodies and Thighs with a piece o f Lin-
terrify’d by the Valour o f the Portuguefe nen. The People o f Fafhion at that
Nation, furrendred it to them with the T im e wear Silk and very thin Mullins,
neighbouring Illands; whillt M artin A l- having long Breeches down to their
Heels,

7 -0
|(I)|
■ Go^ X
\%,>---
Chap. IV. ^ l N D O S T ATfT
Heels, fo that they need no Stockings;
Gemelli. Inftead o f Shooes they wear Sandals
1695. like the Fryars.
t/v \J All the Gentds bore their Nofes to put
The Gen- Rings through, as they do to the Buffa-
tilu loes in Italy. Every Beggar, much more
tfiofe that are well to pafs, rubs his
Teeth every Morning betimes with a
S tick , and fpends two Hours at that
W ork, according to the Cuftom o f the
Country. They ufe no Quilts becaufe
o f the Heat, but lay Blankets and Sheets
on the B e d , made o f Cords without
Boards, as is us’d by the Perjians o f L a r
and Pander-Congo.
Monday the laft o f the M onth, I
went with F. Peter o f the M artyrs to
the Village o f M adrapur, to fee fome
derful*1* vaga*)ond Moors, who vaulted and per-
Tumbler, form’d feats o f A d iv ity like our Turn-
biers and Rope-Dancers. T h e molt
wonderful thing was to fee a Man who
turn’d round upon a Cane, held up by
another on his Girdle * and what m oil
amaz’d me was that he who fupported
the Cane went on without putting his
Hands to guide it, and he that was on
the top o f it did not help himfelf with
his Hands neither, and yet the Cane o r
Bamboo was thirty Spans high; A t lall
after giving two skips in the A ir he
lighted on a very high Beam, fix’d to
that purpofe , l know not how he could
do all this, without fome fupernaturai
Affiftance.
Tuefday the firft o f February, a Mef-
fenger from the Nabab, or G overaour
o f Suratte came in a Palankine with
thirty Souldiers, to treat about fome
Bnfinefs with the Goveraour, and deli-
ver him two Letters.
_. r Wednefday 2d, I went in an Attdora
try Houfes .thc Mortaftery to fee the Cajfabo,
oi which is the only Diverfion at Bazaim 3
nothing apnearing for fifteen Miles but
delightful Gardens, Planted with feve-
r*l forts o f the Country Fruit T rees,
as Palm, F ig , Mangas, and others, and
abundance o f Sugar Canes. T h e Soil
is cultivated by Chrlftian, Mahometan,
arid Pagan Peafants, inhabiting the V il-
lages thereabouts. T h ey keep the G ar-
dens always Green and F ru itfu l, by
W atering them with certain Engines 3
fo that the Gentry allur’d by the cool
and delightful W a lk s, all have their
Pleafure Houfes at Caffabb, to go thither
in the hotteft W eather to take the A ir,
and get away from the contagious and
peftilential Difeafe call’d Carazzo, that
ufes to infect all the Cities o f the N or-
them COaft. It is exad ly like a Bubo.
f Vol. IV .
<SL
toT
and fo violent that it not only takes a-
way all means o f preparing for a good
End, but in a few Hours depopulates
whole Cities, as witnefs, Suratte , D a-
mam, Bazatm, Tand and other Places*
which often fuffer under this Calamity.
■ In this T errito ry o f Cajfabd I ftw the
Sugar Canes prefs’d between two great
wooden Rouiers, turn’d about by O x-
en, ■ whence they came out thoroughly
fqueez’d. Then the Juice is boil’d in
Cauldrons, and being fet out to cool at
Night in earthen VelFels it hardens into
white Sugar.
Thurfday 3d, I went to vifit the Image
o f our Lady De lot Remedies, ftanding in
a Parifh Church belonging to the Domi-
means, on the Road to Cajfabo. A bout
five Years fince this Church was Burnt
by Kacagi, a GemU Subjed to the Great
Mogul, who with a great Multitude o f
Outlaws, and four tboufand Souldiers,
went about like a R over, Plundering
and Burning Villages. Thence I went
to fee another miraculous Image o f our
Lady da M erce, in a fmall Church
founded and ferv’d by an Augujim an.
who did the Office o f Curate,
Friday 4th, I faw the Church o f the
Jefuits, in India call’d Pauliftas. It is “ "
richly G ilt, not only the three Chap-
pels, but the W ails and Arch * bur. the
Workmen knew not how to make that
rich Metal ffiew it felf to the beil advan-
tage. T h e Dorm itory and Cloifter are
the beft in the C ity. In the Garden, be-
fides the Indian , there are fame fort
o f European Fruit 5 and among the reft
Figs and Grapes, which the F. Redlor
told me came to Maturity twice a Year,
that is, in December and March.
Saturday 5th, I vifited the Monallery „ . .
o f the Dominicans, with the famous
Dorm itory. T he Church was large and
had but three Altars, as we faid was
us’d in India, oppofite to the great Gate,
and ail well adorn’d.
Sunday 6 th, I heard Mafs in the Church Ftm iJeM
o f the M ifericordia, which is the Parifh
o f the C ity ; and continuing to viiit
Churches came on Monday 7th to that
o f the Francifcans. Both Church and
Monaftery are built after the manner o f
Europe, the Church having many Chap-
pels, contrary to the Cuftom o f India*
Tuefday 8th, I heard Mafs in the Pa- HofpitaP
rifh o f our Lady de la Vida , where iers
there are three very good A ltars Well
adorn’d. T h e Monaftery o f the Fathers,
Hofpitallers, or S. John de Dios, where
I was on Monday 9th, is fo Poor that
it can maintain but three Fryars.
Cc 2 Thurf.
 ...>,.... '■
111
^04 A Voyage round the W O R L D.
C s J^ r \ Thurfday 10th, underftanding there
Gemelli. was a Wedding o f People o f Quality at
1695. the Church o f our Lady de la Vida, I
t / Y > J went to fee the Ceremony. I obferv’d
the Bridegroom did not give his Bride
the right Hand, and thinking it an ex-
travagant cuftom, as being only us’d by
Crown’d Heads, I ask’d the reafon o f it
of fome Portuguefes ; who told me the
laine was pradis’d in Portugal, and this
that the Gentlemen might have his right
Hand at liberty, to put to his Sword in
Defence o f the Lady. T h e Bride was
richly clad, after the French fafhion ;
butiom e Trumpets went along, found-
ing fiich a doleful Tone, as 1itcle differ’d
from that they ufe in conducting C ri-
minals to Execution. I return’d to the
Monaftery in the Andora-, and here it
is to be obferv’d that the manner o f fa-
luting thofe they meet, when they are
carry’d in this fort o f conveniency, in
Italy would be taken for an affront, and
laugh’d a t ; for in token o f refpect they
Ihut to the little Door o f the Andora
upon them. This in Naples would cer-
tainly produce a Duel, and in India is
done out o f refped even to the Vice-
R o y himfelf.
Friday n t h , 1 heard xMafs in the Pa-
rilh Church o f our Lady da Sr, where
CHAP.
T he D efer ip tion o f the Pagod in the Ijlm d o f Salfete, b j the
the Canarin.
n p H e Pagod or Tem ple o f the Cana-
I rin, whereof I intended to give
an exadt and true account, is one o f the
greatefl wonders in Afia ; as well be-
caufe it is look’d upon as the W ork o f
Alexander the Great, as for its extra-
ordinary and incomparable Workman-
ihip, which certainly could be nnderta-
„ * ken by none but Alexander. W hat I
moft admire is that it is almoft unknown
to Europeans; for tho’ I have made
much enquiry, I do not find that any
Italian, or other European Traveller has
w rit o f i t ; and it is very ftrange to me
that fo Ingenuous a Man as our Peter de la
E'alle fhould omit to fee both this Pagod,
and the Palace o f Darius, with the An-
tiquities o f Celmenar, that were but a
few Leagues out o f his w ay, fince he
travelfd for his Pleafure, and rriade
nothing of fpending Thoufands o f
Crowns to fatisfy his Curiofity. Tho’ a
poor Man I fpar’d no Coft or Labour,
?oQ ?
• / ,i: ,,, ' . .
...................... — ■ i
§L
Book I.
there are feveral Altars, and two Chap-
pels.
T here are no Doftors o f the Civil
Law throughout the Portuguefe Domi-
nions in India, and thofe few Canarins
who follow this Employment, through
their Ignorance prove bad Advocates,
orCouncellors, and Sollicitors, and fome
times Plead both for Plaintiff and De­
fendant. Befides, for the moft part
Caufes are decided by Ignorant Captains
or Governors without the approbation o f
an Affeffor. This happens for want o f
an University and Colleges to teach the
L a w ; and becaufe the Portuguefe D o­
dors will noc go fo far from their Coun-
try, by reafon o f the little profit they
fhould make in India. F. Feliclanus the
Prior underftanding that I was a D o&or
o f the Civil Law, on Saturday 1 2th,
propos’d a Match to me wich a Portion
o f 20000 pieces o f Eight, and with a
Promife that I fhould be Advocate to
the Monafteries, and to fome Families
o f N ote, which would yield about 600
pieces of Eight a Year. Having no in-
clinacion to live in thofe hot Countries,
I anfwer’d, that tho’ he had offer'd me
100000 Pieces o f Eight Portion, I fhould
never be induc’d to quit Europe for
ever.
IV.
Portuguefes call'd.
that I might fee all and inform the Pub-
lick. A s lo r Tavernier, it is no wonder
he minded not to fee thefe things, be-
caufe his principal End was Trade, and
buying o f Jewels, and therefore he only
went to thofe places where his bufinefs
lay, and he could make moft p ro fit;
and tho’ he made feveral Voyages to In-
dia, he minded not to fee Antiquities
tho’ he pafs’d clofe by them,
I had a mind to go to Tana, and pafs comtudtl
over from thence to thz Pagod-, but the village.
Fathers Vifitor and Prior diffuaded me,
faying, it was better going by Deins.
Accordingly Sunday 1 3 th, hiring a Boat
I went over to the Village o f Gormandel,
in the Ifland Salute. T he Houfes are
fcatter’d on both fides o f the Mountains,
on the top whereof is the Palace o f the
Lord o f the Village. I went thence up-
on the Streight to the Village o f Deins,
belonging to the Nuns o f S. Monica at
Goa,6 Milesdiftantfrom Banaim : t . E d ­
ward
’ ( f
I I; L,r: , *
 ' e° 5 x

111
x s% ^ ^ x
<SL

Chap. IV. 0f i N D O S T A N ; ________ 205

ad < *& » *. Procurator to i o d to buy fom e, he rcp ly'd it was not
O m £ & Nuns , * receiv’d me into his yet bak’d y and I might dine m a ViUage
I « 9 5 . Houfe on account o f a Letter o f recoin- h a lfw a y . D ehring him iinthcr to ap-
( I mtndation 1 had from the F . V ili- point.fom eiPealant to fhew me the
^ f g o d y becaufe che Gentd knew not the way
° Being hot and d ry, F . E d m r d b x o u g h t well, he would neither fend a Country
out tw o Citron Peels, preferv’d j and l Man, nor one o f his Servants; w here-
without confidcring eat one and drank upon I fet out in D anger o f lofmg my
V great Glafs o f W a te r ; but he after- w ay fo r want; ot a Guide, travelling on
wards offering me the other, I call’d a Mountain full o f Monkeys, T yg firs,
to mind 1 had fwallow’d down fonie Lions, and other w iId.Beafts and vencK
Hundreds o f Plfm ires, which cover’d m o m Creatures. Coming to the V ti­
the faid Peels, and perhaps diilodg’d lage where I defign d to eat, I found
the Souls o f fo many dead Idolaters re- nothing but a little Rice h alf boil d in
ftding in thofe little Bodies. I there- fair W a t e r ; the place con Idhug o f on-
fore refus’d the other with Thanks, 7 four Cottages m the chickeft o f the
defiring him to keep that Sweat-m eat, W ood-, fo that 1 went on faffing By
which was as old as the V illage, to the way I me ft range Buds. Some
treat feme other Gueft j becaufe 1 w ere Green and as big as a T hrulh, and
would not upon any account be guilty Sang very w e ll; others bigger, black
S f b f f t c h T s S b t c r o f'A n ts. A t- as V elvet, and with vaft long T a ils ;
t e r this Poor R efr J m e n t 1 went to the others Red and G reen ; fome Black and
A Church “ f M o w p t f e r . a Mile diftant, G reen, as big as a Turtle-dove, and ma~
1Da Rock- to f e Church under Ground, for mer- ny more nevcr feen in there were
Iv a P a e o d cut in the Rock, on which alfo an innumerable company of Parrots,
ftands the College and Monaftery o f the and Monkeys, and Apes, with very long
Francifcuns. It isa tp o Spans long, and fa ils leaping f r o , n l r e e to 1 ree.
hi Breadth thirty. T h e fide W alls, as A fte r riding eight Miles thro’ the
has been Hid are of the natural R o ck , thick W ood, we knew not where the
and oniv the Front is made by A rt. P a g ' d was, or what way to take to find
Clofe by is another P a g 'd cut in the it. It pleas’d Providence, w e hapned
R ock, form erly ferving for their Ido- to meet with fome naked F a g * * W o-
P , w n rftm j men, carrying Loads o f W oo d , who
" T h e Church and Monaftery are like put us into the Road. Being come to
all the reft in India. Five Religious Men the Foot o f the Rock, 1 was w o rfe p u rd d
Jiv e there to whom the K in g o f .F o r - for want Of fome Body to hold my Horfe,
' W alldws to o M arais o f R ice, all the Idolater being to guide me through
which they give to the Poor, except on- the Labyrinth ot fo many P a g o d s. A t
Ty « much as ferves for their ow n fufte- laft I found a Peafant wandring about
1 e o n e o f theft Fathers does the the Mountain, and giving him the Horfe
Office o f a Curate, in the V illage o f to bold, l climb’d the bare C raggy
C a lli tw o Miles diftant, and has a good Rock with the Idolater , at t h e top
dwelling there. On the Mountain near w hereof on the £aft fide the great P a -
the Laid College is another H erm itage, g o d i s hewn out, |with other fmall ones

" ‘R e m S n o D e h ,, irdt old

t.E Jn ^ T h e fitft p ta of
me that thS’ lie had us’d all his endea- that appears, conlifts o f two urge Co- d;T,„,
vmirs he could not find Men to carry me lumns, i Spans high, the cfiiid part g 0i*
K S f i k hU People were fled, o f them from the bottom upwards is
and there were no others at A fr a » p # r ; rquarc, the middle part. C f aiigular,
bv which perceiving that the Father was and the top round. >heir Diameter
2 e S S ou o f the gene,al C ivility o f is fix Spans ; they are fifteen Spans di-

\ r %K’d to takc “p £ f e w f i s ! whicht

W lt! \ m d M m h Cthe Owner who was a cut after the fame manner. 1 hefe
„ ipJm h br^'uaht*me the H orft very late, Columns fupport a Stone Architrave
b S f t ^ f b T h e m go°csoot o f his forty f a r Spans l o ^ , f o « » « f a k -
Hotife, till no has ^ 8 e f a m f R o lk T h tfe 3
? ° “ s S " S Sb c f o ^ i S o t t i g o S Porticos lead into a f a t o f Hall o r
fu rrin g F Edward cold me the Bread was Palbge Room , tour Spans long, cm
S o m e y ttT a n d I anfwcring I would in -th e &me Rock. A t the end o f *
(!(11 <sl
S S * ■ G(w \ '

Nv^fr? .■s^yy /

20 6 A Voyage round the W O R L D . Book 1.

' fs^ A ^ n are three D o o rs, one fifteen Spans ther fide there are itf Figures all fit-
Cemelli. high, and eight in Breadth, which is ting with both Hands on th eir’fireafts
16 9 5 . the middlemoft, and two others four and the fame C a p s; one o f them feems
Spans fquare on the fides, which are to be fuperior to the reft, becaufe there
the way into a lower place. Over thefe are two Figures {landing by its fide
Doors is a Cornifh four Spans broad, and two Children above. *
o f the fame Stone ; over which thir- A t a fmall diftance Northward is a
ty Spans above the Ground, there are little G ro t eight Spans fquare, and
other fuch Doors, or W indows cut in in it, as it were a Bed o f the fame
the Rock. A t the fame height , Stone, four Spans broad, and eight
there are little Grots, or Dens, fix long. On the other Frontifpiece is a
Spans high, o f which the middlemoft Statue fitting on its Legs, after the
is the biggeft. T h irty four Spans a- manner o f the Eaft, with the Hands to-
bove the Ground, in the fame place gether on the Breaft ; and another ftand-
is fuch another Grot. It is no eafy ing with the Branch of a Fruit-T ree in
matter to conceive what the ufe o f all its Hand, and above a wing’d Infant,
this was. _ Beyond the G rot, and on the fame*
Advancing ten Paces towards the F r o n t, which runs fixty Spans with-
R ight, I faw a fort o f G rot, open on in the Rock, there are two Statues fit-
tw o fides, twenty four Spans in length, ting after the fame manner their
and fifteen in breadth, over which was Hands plac’d the fame way, with Co-
a round Cupula fifteen Spans high, and nical Caps on their Heads, and two
ten wide, with a fquare Cornilh, like like Servants {landing by them,
that about the Grot. Here there is an On the fame fide is the" Famous
Idol cut in the Rock, in half Relieve, Pagod o f the Canarin. T h e Entrance to
which feems to hold fomething in its it is through an opening forty Spans
Hand, but what it is does not appear, long, in a W all o f the fame Stone
T h e Cap it has on, is like that o f the fifty Spans long, and eight Spans thick’
D oge o f Venice. By it {land two Sta- on which there are three Statues’
tues in a fubmiflive Pofture, as i f they On the right Hand before you go
w ere Servants. T hey have Conical, into the Pagod, is a round G rot a-
o r Sugar-Loaf Caps on. Over their bove fifcy Spans about, in which round
Heads are two fmall Figures, like the the W a ll, there are many Statues
Angels we Paint in the A ir ; below two fitting, and Ibme Handing, and one
little Statues, holding their Hands on on the left, is bigger than the reft In
a Staff, and two Children by their fides, the middle rifes a round Cupula' cut
with their Hands put together, as if out ot the fame Rock, {ike a Pillar o f
they pray’d ; on their Backs is fome- the fame Stone, with feveral Chara-
thing like a piece o f W ood. Clofe by dters carv’d about it, which no Man
x is another round Cupula all o f one Stone, can ever explain. Going into the firft
and ihap’d like the other, but the top Porch o f the Pagod, which is 50 Spans
o f it is broke; Both this and the o- fquare, there are on the fides two G a­
ther are fuppos’d to have been Sepul- lumns 60 Spans high, with their Capi-
chres o f the Antient Gentils; but there tals, and fix Spans Diameter. On that
is no Ground to make this out, no 0- upon the Right Hand coming in
pening appearing to put in the Bodies there are two Lions, with a Shield
or A flies; but on the contrary it is vifi- by them ; on the other upon the left
ble they are not hollow within, but on- two Statues. Beyond thefe Columns
ly cut without, in the fhape o f Cupu- at the entrance o f a G rot, on the left
las. About this fecond, there are 4 there are two great Statues {landing
great Figures Carv’d in half Relief, hold- and looking at one another. Still
ing in the left Hand fomething like a further in are 2 vaft big Statues on the
Garment, and the fame fort o f Caps on L eft, and one on the Right o f the
their Heads, with fmall Figures at their D oo r, all Handing, with feveral lit-
Feet, and 2 above. Oppofite to them, tie Statues by them, only within the
there are three little ones fitting, and 6 {pace o f that Porch j for going into the
other large ones, and 3 o f a midling Size adjoyning G rot, which is 24 Spans
{landing, all cut in the Rock after the fquare, there is nothing worth obferv-
fame manner: But that in the middle, ing. On the right H and, where the
which feems to be the Idol,in its left holds Lions are, there are no Statues but
a T re e with Fruit on it. On th eo - two large Veffels upon convenient Pe-
deftals. Hence

208
 1I I ' 1
Ch^pTiv 0/ INDOSt AM
r^ A ^ \ Hence there are three equal Doors
Gemelli. thirty Spans high, and eight broad, but
1695- that in the middle even with the Floor,
V ^ \T ° thofe on the fides five Spans above it,
into another plain Place. Here there
are four Columns twelve Spans high,
Handing on the Rock it lelf, between
the five Windows that give Light to
the Pagod. On the right fide o f the
Door there are fome unknown l etters
worn with Age, as is all the reft o f the
W ork, in this Place on tne fides, be-
fides feveral fmall Figures, there are
’ two vaft scatues o f Giants Handing, a-
bove twenty five Spans high ; (hewing
their right Hands open, and holding a
Garment in the left, on their Heads the
fame Caps, aud in their Ears Pendents
after the Indian Falhion.
At the Entrance o f the great Gate o f
the Pagod, which is fifteen Spans high,and
ten m breadth, there are on the Right
four Statues Handing, one o f which is a
Woinau holding a Flower in h a Hand;
and twelve other lefs, fome fitting and
fome Handing, with their Hands on their
Breads, and fomething in them. On the
left are four other Statues, two where-
o f are Women, with large Rings about
their Ancles of the fame Stone, and fix-
teen little Statues on theii fides, (bme
fitting, fome Handing, and fome with
their Hands on thei Breafts, as was
laid before. Over the laid Door there
are other two great ones, and as many
oppolite to them, with three little ones
Handing. On the left Hand within is
another Infcription in the fame Chara-
tte r: Over the Arch o f this Door is a
Window forty Spans wide, which is the
width o f the Pagod, with a Stone like
an Architrave in the middle, fupported
on the inlide by two Odtangular Pil-
iars. _ in g , no way different from the reft al-
T h c Pagod is Arch’d, forty Spans in
breadth, and one Hundred in length,
and rounded at the end, befides the four
Col urns at the Entrance, there are thir-
ty more within, which divide it into
three Ifles ; feventeen o f them have Cap-
pitals, and Figures o f Elephants on them,
the reft are O&angular and Plain. The
fpace between the Columns and the
Rock, that is, the breadth o f the fide
Hies is fix Spans. A t the end o f the
Pagod, there is a fort of round Cupola,
thirty Spans high, and fixteen of my
Paces about, cut in the lame Rock, but
not hollow within. I believe it ferv’d
for fome tife, which we being Ignorant
o f the antient Cuftoms o f thofe Times
cannot guefs at. I know not what Judg-
/
^ .... . ‘.. ............. ..
? ' <a
, is ,- 7
iment Portaguefe Authors make o f it, be-
caufe their Books are fcarce at Naples j
but they it is certain are well acquaint-
ed with i t , the Viceroy themfelves
fometimes coming from Goa to fee i t ;
yet it is moll likely they could never
dilcover the Truth,
.A ll that has been hitherto Delcrib’d
is Cut in the very Rock wit! out any
Addition to the Statues, or any thing
that may be parted. But on the Floor
of the Paged there are feverat hew’d
Stones, which perhaps ferv’d for Steps
to fome Structure.
Coming out o f the Paged, and afeen-
ding fifteen Steps, all cue in tire Rock,
1 found two Cilterus o f Rain-W ater,
good to D rin k; and as many Steps a-
bove that, a Groct fixteen Spans fquare,
and a gieat one fmther on with much
W ater Handing in it. Mounting ewen-
ty Paces higher, I found another G rott
twenty Spans fquare, which led to ano-
ther o f the fame Dimenfions, and that
into one o f twelve. In the full was a
riling Window with Steps to it cue in
the Rock, with two Columns uear a
imall Cillern.
_ A t a fmall diftartce from thefe Grotts
is another Pagod, with a handfome plain
Place before it, and little Walls about
to lit down, and a Ciftern in the mid-
die. Five Doors cut in the Rock lead
into the firft A rc h ; and between them
are four Oftangular Pillars; all but the
middle Door are two Spans above the
Ground. On the fides o f this Arch,
whofe length is the breadth o f the Pa­
god, that is, eight Spans, there are on
the left feveral Statues fitting, like thofe
above mention’d , and others on the
right Handing. A ll about the Frontif-
piece there are many fitting and ftand-
ready Defcrib’d. Then there are three
Doors to the Pagod, that in the middle
twelve Spans high, and fix in breadth.
the two on the tides ten Spans high, and
four broad. T he Pagod is fixty Spans
fquare, no way proportionable, being
but twelve Spans high. On both the
fides, and over the Entrance there are
above 400 Figures great and fmall carv’d,
fome fitting, fome Handing, like thofe
before fpoke o f ; but two on the right
bigger than the reft are Handing, as is
that in the middle o f the Frontifpiece, t
which is o f the biggeft Idol ; and ano-
ther on the left in the fame Pofture;
but all worn with Age, which deftroys
every thing. On both (ides there are
two Grotts fourteen Spans fquare, with
a lav?
1 ......... ' V ' , . ■'

208 A Voyage round the W O R L D .
a low Wall within two Spans above the
Cemelli. Ground.
165*5. Going up ten Steps further North-
w '*Yv>J ward is a Grott, and within that ano-
ther lefs. On the right is another like
it, with another little on within it, in
which is a low Wall like thofe before
mention’d. The great one is about twen-
ty Spans in length, and ten in breadth j
tbe other ten fquare, and all of them
with fmall Citterns. On the tight fide
is another of the fame bignefs, with two
fmall Pillars before it, two little Grotts,
and three Citterns, one on the right,
and two on the left; and another ad-
joining to it, with another within it, and
a Cittern of the fame Dimenfions of the
other. It is likely thefe were the Dwel-
lings of the Prietts of the Paged, who
there led a penitential Life, as it were
in a Pagan Tbebaida.
Defending from that great height,
fifteen Steps cut in the Rock, there is
a little Pagod., with a Porch before it
thirty Foot fquare, which leads into it
through three Doors, between which
there are two fquare Pilafters. On the
left Hand there are four Statues •, two
fitting, and two lefs in the middle Hand-
ing. On the right Hand a little open
Grott, and another Paged-, with a Ci-
Item before it, the way into which is
firfl, through a Door ten Spans in
height, and fix in breadth, into a Room
twenty Spans fquare * whicih has on the
right another very dark Room twelve
Spans fquare, which makes the Paged
fomewhat Dark. In the midft whereof
is a round Cupola o f one Iblid Piece, fif-
teen Spans high, which is the height o f
the Pagod. Defcending fifty upright
Steps, there is a plain Space cut in the
Rock, which is not very hard, and eight
Oftangular Columns twelve Spans high,
which leave nine Intervals to attend five
. Steps that lead into an Arch, In this
Place on the left fide, which is ten Spans,
is a great Idol fitting Bare-headed j two
other great Statues ftanding, and fome
fmall ones on the right fide two other
Statues fitting, and two ftanding, be-
fides many little ones about them. Then
the way into the Pagod is through three
Doors, twelve Spans in height, and fix
in breadth, with two Windows over
them. T he Pagod is 10 0 Spans in length,
fifty in breadth, and ten in height. A -
bout it runs an Arch eight Spans broad,
with ten fquare Columns. Here are four
Rooms, or Grotts, twelve Foot fquare;
beiides feven in the Front, and left fide
of the Pagod, where the Cittern i s ;
v v
%L
Book I.
all which I fuppos’d to be Rooms for
the Priefts of the Temple. In the Niche
of it, which is ten Foot fquare, is a
great Idol fitting, with two Statues ftand-
ing, and another fitting on the left, by
which alfo there are two Statues itand-
ing, and feveral fmall Figures in half
Relief about it. Amending tel* Spans
over againlt it is a little Grott, fupport-
ed by tw'o fmall Columns, ten Spans
high. There is a Door ten Spans high,
and four in breadth out of it into a
Room, or Grott fixteer* Spans fquare,
and thence into another of twelve, where
there is a large Idol fitting, holding his
Hands on his Breatt.
Then defending twenty Steps there
is a plain Space, whence four Steps on
the left lead up into an Arch, where
there are four Matters twelve Spans
high, the Diftances between which are
the way into three little Rooms cut in
the Rock. Twenty Steps lower there
are other Grotts cut in the Rock, with
fmall Citterns, but for what ufe cannot
be imagin’d, unlefs we fuppofe all thefe
Cavities were Dwellings of the Idola-
ters. It is only reported, That this
wonderful Work was made with a vaft
Expence, by A le x a n d e r the Great, who
was of the fame Religion.
DeicendinE from the high Rock, I
mounted a Fiorfe-batk. with a good
Stomach, having fatted that Day againffc
my W ill, and made baftc away to fatis-*
fy Hunger. By the way I law abundance
of Monkeys, and Apes, and being a-
bout to kill one, the Pagan pray’d me
not to Hurt them. N ear the Road were
two Palm-trees, riling out o f the Trunk
o f one great T ree five Spans, and fpread-
ing abroad their fruitful Branches
Near the Village o f Cmkrii4 which
gives its Name to the Pagod here de-
ferib’d, is a Rock 100 Paces about, with
feveral Grotts and Citterns under it,
which might formerly be Dwellings ;
the antient Gentils aliening to have their
Habitations in Rocks, to fave the Ex*
pence of Materials in Building. On the
Eaft fide before the large!!; Grott is a
great Idol fitting, with his Hands a-crofs
on his Legs.
Returning to Deins, I met F. Edward
o f St, Antony walking. He inftead o f
getting me fomething to Eat, began to
Dittourfe after an odd manner j inquir-
ing concerning Particulars o f the Pagod,
but I left him to Prate by himfclf, “ tel*
ling him it was not time to Talk upon
an empty Belly. Alighting, and going
up to my Chamber,' the firft thing I
laid
f(f)| —n V \
.......
9>
. «
"Chap. IV. Q/INDOSTAN.
rs^\M > faid to the Servant o f the Houle, was
Gemelli. to ask him , Whether there was any
16^95. thing to Eat. He told me there was
U 'V S J none j and bidding him go fetch me a
little Bread at leaft, he fet before me a
fmall Loaf, with the fame Citron Peels
cover’d with Pifmires, thefe Vermin
leaving nothing untouch’d in India ; for
which reafon the Indians, to lave feme
Preferves, fet them under a T a b le ,
whofe Feet are in wooden Bowls full o f
W ater, to keep them o ff 1 made but
two Mouth-fulls o f the Bread ; yet had
not the Courage to do fo by the fweet
Meat, which I fancy was made when
firltPreferving was invented; and there-
fore I bid the Servant keep that Rarity
from the Pifmires, againlt his M ailer
had fome other Stranger to Entertain,
The w ord o f it w as, the wretched
Village afforded nothing for Mony to
fatisfy Hunger, and therefore being
fpent with Wearinefs and Fading, I lay
down on the Bed, expediting Supper.
F. Edward in the mean while, having
walk’d about a long time, without thinkr
ing of me ; at length, two Hours and a
half after it was Night, came to the
dark Room. 1 hearing a Noife between
Sleeping and W aking, and not feeing
who it was, ask’d , W ho was there, and
he very foberly anfwer’d, T ru ly, Sir,
I did not think you were here (tho’ we
talk’d together when I came into the
Village) and being told I had Eaten no-
thing but a little Bread, he order’d the
Cloth to be laid. T his W ord made me
hope 1 fhould have fomething good to
recover my faint Spirits ; when I faw
two Plates of fmall fry’d Fifties appear,
and that which had the leaft was fet be-
fore me, the other with the larger be-
fore the Father. .1 was twice about
changing Plates with him, but Modefty
prevail’d, and I arm’d my felf with Pa-
tience. After Supper E Edward kept
me up till Mid-night, with a Thoufand
idle Tales, not fatisfy’d that he had fpent
three Hours in needlefs Chat with the
Peafants ; and 1 having given him the
Hearing againft my W ill, at lafl fell
a Sleep without making any Anfwer.
When I awak’d, finding he was gone,
1 ftripp’d apace, and went to Bed, quite
fpent with Hunger and Wearinefs, wifh-
ing for the next D ay, that 1 might fly
from that wretched Place.
salute T he Ifland Sahete, in which the a-
liland. forefaid Pagod is feated, is about feven-
ty Miles in compafs, twenty in length,
and fifteen in breadth. Being very low ,
it is cut by feveral Channels running in
Vol. IV.
\ ‘
■: an
<SL
/^ \
~~3o$T 1
from the Sea ; but there are high Moun-r
tains in it cover’d with Trees. The
Soil is very fruitful, and produces abun-
dance o f Sugar-Canes, Rice, and fr u it ■
fuch as Mangos, Cocos, Tranfolins, Giacc-
charas, Tamarinds, Ananas, Papais, and
other Sorts, which lhall be delcrib’d
elfewherc. There are in it feveral V il-
lages o f Poor wretched Gentils, Moors,
and Chriftiaus, Living in Houles Built
with W attles crufted over with Mud,
and cover’d with Straw, or Palm-tree
Leaves. They go Naked, both Men and
Women covering their Privities with a
Clout, and their Breads with another,
or elfe with a Ihort Jerkin that does not
reach below the N avel, leaving the
Arm s, Thighs, and Legs bare. On
their Arms they wear Bracelets o f Silver
and Glafs, and thick Silver Rings about
the Legs. The Peafants-are worfe than
Vaflals to the Lords o f the Villages 5 for
they are bound to T ill the Land, or to
Farm as much as may. put them in a
Condition to Pay the Landlord ; thus
like Slaves they fly from one Village to
another, and their Landlords bring them
back by force. They generally Pay for
their Land, four, fix, or twelve Morals
o f Rice, fo call’d when the Husk is of%
and Vatc when it is on, which is the
way they ufually deliver it. A M orals
is 25 Paras, and the Para 24. Pounds
Spanijh Meafures the Portvgucfe ufe for
Piovilions, as they do the Covedo, for •
long Meafure. I f the Peafants take the
Land to T ill in the Place o f their A -
bode, they Pay no other Duty to K in g
or Landlord (tho’ fome E xad fome Days
o f perfonal Service); but thofe that hold
in Fee, Pay an Impofition according to
what they are worth every four Months
to the Kings Fadlors or Treafurers, re­
fiding in all the Northern Cities. Theft;
Villages are given in Fee to Soldiers
who have Serv’d lo n g ; or to other Per-
fons that have well deferv’d o f the
Crown, for three Lives, after which
they generally endeavour to Renew j
but to the Church they are given for
ever.
Befides fo many Villages, there are in Bonkm,
this Ifland feveral Places o f Conlequence;
and among the reft the City and For-
trefs o f Bombaim, which is feveral Miles
about. , It is parted from Salnete by a
Channel, which at low W ater is Forda-
ble. T his Ifland was given by the King
o f Portugal, in Dower to Queen Cathe- ,
vine o f England, and accordingly that
K ing has been Polfefs’d of it, ever fince
the Year \6 6 i. There are alfo in Sal~
D d z.sts
 <SL
Cc

;4 1 ' ^ V :,C v , . v - ,,. ;■:_ ■■:|g . ■. . ' p ■J-,.^.- ■ •. ' A . ' V t : -" i;.v ;.;;; 1 .. ":!; / , v:,.-• .•;- ^ \.C ;-’;/ ;:• ;■1-;i'vv^s? " ‘v;;K-...V: •'V C C ;!'’, • . ’■' ! ' • : . : vjof

210 A Voyage round the W O R L 13. Book I.

{ ^Ja^A s &U the Forts of Bandera, and Verfava the City faluted him with all its Can-
Gem dli. with their Villages, as alfo Tana, about non. He anfwer’d with feven Guns,
1 69^. which there arc five flnall Forts garri- and the City again fir’d round. By the
'v 'V > J ton’d and furnifh’d with Cannon. The way he had gain’d a V idory over the
lim - Country, tho’ open, is excellent good A ra bs-of A id e ate, after this manner.
for India, and has three Monafteries o f Thefe Barbarians difeovering the Porm-
Dominicans, Aitgujlirnans and Recolets. It g^-fe Ships, ftranded thiec of then Vci~
is famous for Calicoes, no Place in the fels in the Bay and River o f Zanghiftra,
Parfugueft Dominions exceeding it in being in the Territory o f Savagi, and
this Particular, even for Table Service, carrying off in the Might what was molt
Eight Years tince one Brother kill’d auo- Valuable in two o f them, fortify'd the
therat Tana, about the Pofleffion o f a t 'iid , planting Cannon on the Shore to
Village. The Jefmts are Pofiefs’d of the defend it. The Pormguejes coaid not At-
beft part o f this Ifiand o f Salute, ha- tack them on the fame Day, becaufe it
ving almoft ail the Point that looks to- was late •, but the next Morning, being
wards the Hall, and the Channel o f Ba- the 25th of January, fell on, and wliillt
naim y and it is reported for a certain the Fire fet to them by the Arabs them-
Truth, that they have more Revenues felves Burn’d the other two Veflels, they
in India, than the King o f Portugal. run in with eight Long-Boats full o f
From Baxaim to Tana, and from T <t- Men, becaufe the great Ships could not
m to Bombaim runs a Channel o f Salt come up, and after a long Fight, and
W ater, in fome Places half a Mile over, much Blood fpilc in the Attack o f the
in others more or lefs •, and becaufe third Veffel, and Arabs on the Shore,
near Goadel, it runs through the midit they Boarded, and made them felves Ma-
o f a Rock, the Pomguefes generally fay, fters o f her, cutting in Pieces fomeHun-
That Alexander the Great, coming, as dred o f Barbarians. They took in her
fome will have it, feveral times to Ba- 14000 Ratifies, and thirty Pieces of Can-
40. tot. - uum , caufed the Rock to be cut through non. Only four Partuguefes were kill d
Nicoi. to give a Paflage to the Water ■, and in the Aftion, and twenty wounded j
P*3* that it was he who had the neighbour- and fo great a Number of the Enemy,
Verb, ba- j paged o f the Elephant cut out o f that the River and Shore were all dy’d
K the folid Rock. with t heir Blood.
Tuefday 1 5th, as foo i as ever D ay be- T h e return of fome final! Vefiels that A
gau to appear 1 fet out. Coming to went to carry Refrefhments to the Vice- rom Mur-
Gormandel, I found no Boat to carry me toy, brought us certain Intelligence of dcr.
over to Bar.aim, and going further, I the Murder of Antony Machado 4e Brito,
law one fetting o u t; therefore running Admiral o f the Portuguefe Fleet, which-
down to the Shore, I made Signs to the hapned on the 30th o f December, 1694.
Moors and Gcntils in it to come back, after he had behav’d hirafelf with un-
and take me Aboard, which they refu- paralleli’d Bravery againft his Enemies,
fing, rather than he left to endure more His fbarp Tongue had gain’d him the
Hardfhip on the Shore, i made ufe o f ill W ill o f almoft all the Gentry o f Goa,
the Porrugmfe Authority, making as if and along the Coaft, but more partictl-
1 Would Fire at them with my Gun, larly o f the Family o f M tU, which was
which they perceiving, came about to powerful in Kindred, and great by Birth,
take me up. 1 went over to Baxaim, His Affronts becoming in&pportable,
and being ask’d by the Father’s Vifitor, they confpir’d to the Number of fifty
and Prior how F. Edward had treated to Murder him, and having agreed on
me, 1 anfwer’d their Recommendation the T im e, Place, and Manner o f Exe-
had but an ill Efleet; and they defiring curing their Deltgn, they made feveral
to hear all Particulars, I took out my Loop-Holes in the Houfes o f the Quar-
Pocket Book, and Read to them all that ter and Parilh o f St. Peter, that they
has been here laid concerning F. E d - might Shoot him with more Safety. The
ward’s ill Ufage. T he Fathers Laugh’d General, or*rather Admiral perfwading
heartily,, hut were inwardly much D if- himfelf, that Gentlemen could not har-
pleas’d, that his extravagant Behaviour bour Thoughts o f taking an ungenerous
thou Id blemifh the Reputation o f the R even g e, tho: warn’d to be upon his
Portuvuefe Civility. * Guard, becaufe there were treacherous
Wednesday i<5th, the Count de Villa Practices againft him, would never ad-
Verde, Viceroy o f India, Sailing by with mit any Soldiers to attend him , and
four great Ships, and ten fmail ones to- particularly two Captains that were wil-
wards D in, viliting the Northern Coaft, ling to fhare in his Dangers. Thus be­
ing1

1 / y -. ; . &V.;A':VC: : ^ ■dRv,:-
|(1)|
Chap. V. ~ ^ T nT
cy y p in§ , carry’d 'I1 a Palankine alone, only
™ - tbaccafry 'dr h isU m brel-
which S v k g WmCa f l i X Wm * rf01? ’
S 3 K V / f W °Hnd’ -he
the Snuff he held h ' ’ . .and Cakin§
d trl v b XC hl* A ngers,
M d 0 a thffe W n r d T • Tn/^ ” ^
^ Houfe a L ^ - ’d ^ C° m,flg T f i
is Hooie anlw erd, and fir d
a Blunderbus upon him. He with an
undaunted Courage fended it with his
Cloak, and bowing his Body- then draw-
mg his Sword, and tailing on his Ene-
ray he (truck him five tunes, but to no
Purpofe, becaufe he had on a Coat o f
M ail; whereupon he Cleft hisHead, and
Face awhkh m aX him fall ” T l X ? *
king him bv X e Hair t r . f V 3'
King mm ny toe H an, he let his Feet
on him, and was going to run his Sword
iX e hhPBJ ? ft ’ h^ ^ rif l an begging his
he would not imbrew bis Hands in Jh c f
bafe Blood. In the mean while, out
came Tnftan’s; Son, and a Mulatto (fo
they call thofe that are got between
Blacks and W hites) and Firing two
S A dm Sn B ?Sd
p r f h B ft’ Brefking in pieces
the Crofs he wore as a Badge o f Knight-
ood, but ftill he flood, and defended
h im felf; when a Slave came up, and
r 1™ *Qtp the Sld? ” itl• a J avelin-
N or did he go unpumfhd, for the G e-
hk^Rr-n'Ch 3hbatkf Si!r° ^ MPP’d ? pen
b s Belly whereof he D y’d at Night,
Machado being ready to Expire, drew
near to the PaUnkme and Petting his
hfmfelf Tn
nimlelr in it. T
Thhee Murderers
A * C° Ulffearing
d’ ^
he might yet Live, one o f them who
was a Prieft, came with a Blunderbufs
in h.s Hand to make an End o f h im ;
but feeing him ready to breath out his
Soul, ask d'Whether he would make his
mg his Hands, D y’d with thefe W ords,
C H A P .
The A uthor's Vojdge to
the ^ o y being rea-
^ I C vrSm imyi:Baggaget0
“hep put ^ boaT \ VeirelA? f they
there call a Manchuca Aboard which,
V o L 1V ‘
v 't
<SL
o T T a R 27 T
T fo Blood o f Chrift fave me Thev found "” ~
i nhi s B « a i J J i l c i . ^ w K
hP° J1 P^°pIe admir4 llis Valour, Paid,
*Je mu? need have more vital Spirits
J.han other Mortals, fince there m i go
fo rauch to the killing o f him. The
S° ldiers of the Fleet, who were molt
o f .them.Aboard, hearing fo many Shot,
and afterwards that their Admiral was
kill’d, ran to the Place and S d f .t .n
juft Revenge uoon TWtfL a / u f C T n
was carrying by two Blacks to the Arch°
bilhops, had not a Judge ftoDD’d them
to gain Tim e for T r i f i J to ? E f a w -
cry5d out to them Tn rhf* ]y; <t7c xt ^ *
to Stand. T h is’ hapned b ecau^ tffe
A W au*> UI ToDS ue> as was Paid, had
gaind ium many Enemies. However,
the Judge was Imnrifon’d fnmp rimn of
ter. Machado was generally Lamented"
and Particularly by Me, L o having
d ^ o G e Z ^ a id ’ /ec
litres from him exneSed ft^ll J r S r i
in India. He was d ie^ T efro r§o f the
Moors and Arabs and kent in Aw<*
veral Thoufands ’ o f Vagabond Soldiers"
'B? Ue‘ s “
tV wh° ^ l o g Rebell'd in f h e
minions, threatned to Plunder the Por*
tmuef* Dominions H e T X ’d m Y ™
Vi&ories over the Fleet o f the A r d s
o f Mafcate, and the moft confiderable
o f th^ was in t h e B ^ f S ? in
A pril 1694, when with only three Shins
he Foug ht fourteen Arabs a whole D ay-
and not fo fatisfy’d caft Anchor at
N ight, to renew the Battle the next
D a y ; but found the Arabs had ft ole
af *Men,
of y’ with
andthe Lofs of
feveral o f fome Hundreds
their Shins dift
abled. Several Boats full o f F rtn c d Emr-
lijh and Dutch, went out to Sea’ to lie
this Fight, becaufe it hapned oDlTfike
to Damam. P ° Ppohlte
Thursday 17th, we went with F Fran*
i.tand h“rd a
y.
Goa,
* Acuna, the Captain o f it very
C lvll]y gave me my Paffage. Sunday
2° th’ 1 heard Mafs> and a Sermon m
the Jefuits Church, and then went with
D d i the
|ll §L
512 A Voyage round the W O R L D . Book 1.
r v A / l the Proceffion o f the H oly Croft that feveral Engagements, but always- with
Gemelli. was going to the Church o f St. Auga- Lofs to the Turks, fo that at laft they
15 9 5 . / > » , whence it fet out the Day be- went back Difabled. Afterwards the
fore. Monday i \ft, the Fleet Sail’d an Tmuguefe made themfelres Matters o f
Hour before Day. It confuted o f tfeir- the Gity with Erie. Its T erritory does
ty fix Parangas, two Galiots which were not Extend above fix Miles in length.;
Admiral and Vice-Adm iral, and four on the South it borders on Savagi, and
Manchucas o f War. Thefe Manehttcas on the North with another Fort W o n g -
had fuch a Main Sail as the Leans o f ing to the Sydi.
Trapani, in the Kingdom o f Sm ly, 1 2 HBdnefday 23d, it was late before we
Oars, and four fmall Guns, with fifteen Sail'd, waiting for fome Veffels o f Chaul;
Pmuguefe Soldiers, the aforelaid Cap- and the Wind failing, made but little
tain Nano’s Company being diflributed way. T h e Calm continu’d Thurfday
Aboard them. The North, or North- 24th, and we were oblig’d to lie d o le
w ell W ind prevails almoll all the Year by the Goaft o f Savagi, who is a mor-
in thofe Seas, fo that it being feldom tal Enemy to the Portuguefe. T h is Sa­
lem for Goa, we made but little way. vagi, whom his Subjefts call Raja, which
After eighteen Miles Sailing, we paft’d fignifies petty King, is fo Powerful, that
by the Illand and Fort o f Bomhaim, he maintains W ar at one and the fame
feated on the Point o f the Ifland of Sal- time with the Great M ogul, and the
xate, being about nine Miles in length, Pmugnefes. He brings into the Field
and little left in breadth Nine Miles 500C0 JHorfe, and as many, or more
further, I faw another final! Kland, or Foot, much better Soldiers than the M o-
Rack as big as N ifida, at N aples; and. g u l s for they L ive a Day upon a piece
on it a Fort, with fome Dwellings o f o f dry Bread, and the Mogul's will March
Savagis, who being at W ar with the at their Eafe, carryin g‘ their W omen,
Great Mogul, are continually in A d ion abundance o f Provifions, and Tents, fo
againfi: the Sydi, and Garrifon of the that their Arm y looks like a moving Ci-
Fo rt on the Continent. This Sydi is ty. T h e Raja, as to his Religion is an
a Black Subject to the Great M ogul, Idolater, as are molt o f his Subjects,
who, lias given him the Government AH the Goaft from Chaul to Goa, for
o f the Country between Bomhaim and the jfpace o f 250 Miles belongs to him,
Chaul, to defend it againft the Invalions and from thence to Vifapor, lie has fe-
o f Savagi, for which purpofe he main- verai Forts, moll o f them among in-
tains 2000 Horfe and Foot at his own acceffible Mountains, befidcs Cities and
Coft. Thefe two Forts in the Ifland, T ow n s, defended both by A rt and N a-
and on the Continent are call’d V ndrin, tore.
and Canderin, T his Prince’s Dominion is but o f a savtgi, 01
Cbiul Ci- ‘Tuefday 22d, after Sailing nine Miles late D ate, for it began in Savagi % Fa- % m,
ty. " further, vfe Anchor’ d opposite to the ther, to whom fuccceded Sambagi, his
C ity and Fortreft o f Chad. It is feat- EldeftSon, who was afterwards kill’d
ed on a Plain, fix Miles from the Sea, in Battle by the Great Mogul's General,
on the Bank o f a R iver, which at Flood and fb Rarnrao now Reigning, afeended
will carry any Ships up to the City, the Throne. Savagi firft rais’d bis f or-
It is enclos’d with good Walls, and o- tune by Serving wilder the King o f G a ­
ther W orks, and furnilh ’d with excel- conday then having gather’d vaft W ealth,
lent Cannon. A Fort call’d E l Morro, and lcouring the Country with a great
fecures the Eutrance o f the Harbour, be- Number o f Men like an O ut-Law, he
PA.III. ieje. ing Built by the forw gucft, in the Y ear feiz’d lome Places belonging to the King
do fvnis. 15 2 0 , on the Hill by their General Se* o f Vtfapor, and fortifying themfelves in
*• 2. p. 55, wjth leave o f the T yran t N ix.- them among the Mountains, at length
sumtaluc ; who granted ic upon Condi- gather’d a mighty A rm y, then making 1
tion they fhould bring him over three W ar on the Mogul, the Portugucjis, and
hundred Horfes at reafonable Races out other Princes his Neighbours, he ufurp’d
o f Perjia, or A rabia, becaufe o f the all he now HandsPolleft’d of. T hey fty
Scarcity o f them there was in India, to he was Born in Tana, a Subjeft o f the
Miff*. Serve him in his W ars againttH idalcan. K ing o f Portugal, and kept Shop there.
Ind. J a p , Goveruour o f D m , hearing what But Ramrao pretends he is Defcended
Ub. 8. portHgitefe were doing, fent fifty from Rajapoun, and endeavours daily to
?Uu £> *' ro Obliruft the Building o f the Fort, enlarge his Dominions, along the Coall
which Sequeira by his L.duttry bad al- o f V ndrin, and Candrin, as far as the
ready made Tenabie. T he Fleets had Bay o f Galas, befides what he has up
the

9 f f f r , ' I',1' • ■ I
|||
Chap. VI. O f l N D O S T A N.
C sJ^ S ^ the Land. His Subje&s are Robbers
Gemelli. both by Sea and Land, that being the
1695. Pay he allows them, and make it dan-
gerous Sailing along that Coaft, fo that
it is not to be done without a good Con-
voy } for being to pafs by their Forts,
they run out in fmall Boats well Man’d,
and Rob Friends and Foes, becaufe, as
has been faid, their King gives them
leave. N or is the Voyage fafe on A c-
count o f thz MalabarS.
MtUbttrs. Thefe are Pyrates o f feveral Nations,
as Moors, Gentils, Jew s, and Chriftians,
and fall upon all they meet with a great
number o f Boats full o f Men. T h eir
large Country reaches from Mount D el-
hi, (bordering on the Kingdom of Ca-
tiara, ever govern’d by a Queen, and
never by a Man) to M adrajlapatan, a
confiderable City and Fort. T hey Live
under feveral Monarchs, among which
the moft Powerful is the Emperor Z a -
mori, and the K in g’s o f Dan or, Forca,
and others. Thefe People take poor
Paflengers, and left they fhould have
fw allow ’d their G old , tho’ they have no
need o f it, give them a Potion, which
makes them D igefl all they have in their
Bodies, which done, they fearch the
ftinking Excrements to find the precious
Metal. I was very much afraid o f the
M alabar Receipt, having never taken
any Purge, and therefore thought belt
to expeft the Convoy.
Dahil Ci- About Sun-fet, the North-weft W ind
ty. frelhned, and brought us in fight o f
CHAP.
The D efer ip tion o f the City
O A is feated in the Latitude o f
G
fifteen Degrees, and twenty Mi-
Thevenot. nutes, and 10 4 o f Longitude, in an
voyage da ifland nine Leagues about in the R iver
indes. M andova, which fix Miles below it falls
c’ 3* into the Sea. It ftretches two Miles in
length along the Channel upon uneven
Ground •, being but half a Mile broad.
It is under the T orrid Zone, which the
Antients thought Inhabitable, by rea-
Ion o f the exceflive Heat o f the Sun ',
but Providence, which has diipos’d all
T hings in the belt manner, has quali-
fy’d it with continual Rains, which fall
fb plentifully from June, till September,
or October, that the great Floods dam
up the Harbour, and obftrudt Naviga-
tion ; betides the Skies being darkned
I
»|
I Y .
“ V
T
*SL
21
Dabul. T his City is feated fix Miles Mailiet.
from the Sea, after the fame manner » f ’ .de r
as Chaul, and eight Miles from it both
in the Kingdom o f Decan. T h e Por-
tuguefes took ic under their General A l-
meida, from Hidalcan, who Reign’d at Mtff.Hifl,
Goa, in the Year 15 0 8 , burning the ini. l. 4,
C ity, and putting the Durkijh Garrifon P 9• lit*
to the Sword. N ow ic is Subjeft to A'
Savagi.
Friday 25th, the fame W ind conti-
nuing, we came in fight o f the Fort
o f Fifapor, in which R iver the Vice-
roy Burnt the three A rab Velfels be-
fore - mention’d. Then we pafs’d by
Lambuna, and the Fort o f M aliandi, be-
longing to Savagi, and after Mid-night
the Yfleos - quemados, which are three
Rocks, 36 Miles from Goa.
T h e W ind frefhning all Night, on
Saturday 26th, at break o f D ay, w e
came to an Anchor in our Port, having
Sail’d 280 Miles from Chaul. Having
put my Baggage into a Boat call’d a
Ballon, to carry it up the Channel to
Goa, 1 met two Ballons of the Cuftom-
Houfe coming to vilit that I was in 3
but having been fore-warn’d to write
a Superfcription upon one o f my Par-
cels for F. Salvador G alli, a Mdanejc
Tbeatin, and Superior o f the Monaftery
of Goa, they went away. Being come
to the C ity, I caus’d my Equipage to
be carry'd to the Monaftery, where I
was Courteoufly receiv’d by the faid Fa-
ther.
VI.
Goa, and its delightful Channel.
whole W eeks with the thick Clouds,
W hen the Rains ceafe atSun-rifing, the
Heat is intollerable ■, and therefore it is
moft violent in A pril, and M ay, when
the Sun is in the Zenith, and the Rains
are not yet begun.
Alfonfo de Albuquerque, took Goa from
H idalcan, without Blood-lhed, in the
Year 1508, a Dominican Father fetting
up the Standard of our Holy Faith. H i-
dalcan afterwards Re-took the C ity ,
but in 1 5 1 Albuquerque recover’d it
again, with the Slaughter o f 7000 Bar-
barians, and Built a Fort there, as he
did at M alaca, which was loft in 15 4 1.
Then confidering the goodnefs o f the
Country, and commodious Situation o f
the Place, he conftituted it the Metro­
polis
_ „
 x 'j S 6 ■ g° S x

111 . §L
2 i^j. ^ Voyage round the VV O R L D. Book i.
cs^A^-i polis o f the PomigKtfe Empire in India, their Race by degrees became lighter
Cemelh. f o Eftablilh his Waiter King Emanuel in Colour’d. About the fourth Part o f the
16 9 5. the Poffeffion, by gaining the Love o f People are Mulattos^ that is, Bom o f
w 'V N J the Subje&s, he moderated the Tribute Whites and Blacks.
they paid to Hidalcan \ and to Breed up The Gmarines are as black as Ethiopia camines.
■ Soldiers for the W ars, he contriv’d that ans, but have long fla ir, and good Fa-
the Indian Maids Ihould be Baptiz’d, ces. Many o f them, both in 6 m , and the
and Marry’d to the Pormguefes \ that Iflands are Priefts, Lawyers, Attorneys,
the Indians might be united to his Na- Scriveners, and Sollicitors, and very D i-
tion by Affinity, and there might be no ligent in the. Service o f their Ma'fters.
need o f bringing frelh Supplies Hill out T hey are Descended from feveral Gene-
o f Portugal, to the Depopulating the rations ol Gentils, and according to their
Kingdom. Goa, the Center o f all the Nobility,orM eannefs,theycontinuetheir
Portuguese Conquefts, grew in W ealth Cuftoms. Moll o f them are the Off-fpring
and Renown, being become the K ey o f o f Brackmans, Banienes, and Charades,
all the Trade o f the £ a ft, and the chief and thefe have good clear Underftand-
Mart o f India. T his plainly appears .mgs, being apt to Learn all Sciences,
by the compafs o f its W alls, which Ex- Sharp-witted, Ingenious, and Ready, and
tend full four Leagues, with good Ba- therefore every Body endeavours to have
ft ions, and Redoubts •, which from the fome o f them for their Servants. On the
Church o f the M adrt de Dees, or the contrary, thofe that are o f low Extra-
Mother o f God, run along for twelve ftion, as the Langottis, are the very Re-
Miles to the Powder-Houfe, palling by verfe o f the Others. All A fia does not
the Caftles o f St. Blafe, and St. James afford greater Thieves and Ruffians, or
a W ork o f a vaft Expence } as are the more faithlefs ill Chriftians than they are.
others next the Channel, which divides T h ey go Naked, covering only their P rL
the Dominion o f the Mogul, from that vities with a Clout, which they call Lm ~
o f Portugal, beginning at Fort St. Tho- goti, and palling betwixt their Thighs,
nuts, and ending three Miles off, at that is ty’d behind with a Cord hanging down
o f St. Chnfiopher. It may be objected from the W afte. Thefe T ill the Land,
that thefe laft Fortificatians, were rais’d Filh, R o w , carry Asdoras, and follow .
to defend the Borders, as is true, but the f k b mean Employments * but, as was
firft W alls were made to no other purpofe laid, they are fo addicted to Thieving,
but to defend, and inelofe the C ity, as and do it fo Dexteroufly, that it is almoft
the Marquifs do Villa Verde, the Viceroy impoffible to Efcape them, W ere it for
inform’d me, when I enquir’d into it, the Love o f God they led fo miferable
thinking that City did not ftand in need a Life, they would be accounted living
o f fuch large Walls. But it is certain Saints. T h ey Sleep naked Day and Night
the City is not now what it was for- on the barcGround \ they Feed on a little
m e rly j for the great Loffes the Perm - Rice fwimmingin theDifh never tail ing
guefes fuftain’d, whilft their Forces were Bread as long as they Live, unlefs they
employ’d in W ar at home, made their be cxtreamiy Sick. All this proceeds
T rad e decline, and impair’d the W ealth from their Lazinefs, for no fcoaer have
and Grandeur o f the City to fuch a de- they got as much Rice as will keep them
gree, that it was reduc’d to a miferable a W eek, but they give over W o .ir, liv -
Conditiori. ing Idly as long as that Lulls.
Tnliabi- T h e Houfes are the bell in India, but T he Pormguefes tell us, That thefe Ca-
tancs of at prefent it does not contain above narines, when they were firft difcover’d , 1
Got. 20000 Inhabitants o f feveral Nations, went to A dvife with their Idols, that
Habits, and Religions. T here are fewelt is, the D evil, to know what they were
o f the Portumicjes, who go over with Em- to do with the new People that had
ploy meats,'"and then Marry and fettle fubdu’d them, and receiv’d for an A n-
th ere; becaufc the Indian W omen, by fwer, that they were not able to deal
reafon o f the ill Qualities o f thofe Born with them by open Force, and there­
in India, Chafe rather to Marry a poor fore pretending not to underftand the
pormguefe Soldier, than a rich Country Impertinent Portagueft, they fliouid give
Man o f their own, tho’ Born o f Pormguefe them W ater when they ask’d for Bread,
Parents. The Mefiir,os are more nume- and Rice when they demanded W ine,
rous and thofe are fo call’d that are Experience foon fhew’d how frivolous
Born o f Pormguefe Men, and Brachman the Advice w a s ; for the Pormguefes
Women, whom they marry’d after re- readily found the way to cure them o f
ducing Goa •, and tho’ the Canarine W o- their Stupidity, taking a Bamboo, which
men were Black, yet marrying W hites, is

f . ' • .. /V : ■'

^
’s!w /0^^v';"v •..;-'•
:■'•"'1''-';•v^'-";'';:&:&k ' •• • ■':•
' ■' 'r. *' 4 5 ^ -1’^' ^ vW ■'^ ^■ ^ f .». 5■'a a-. i ! 5"Tv.
ch^Tvi. ^ ir T p o s T anT
cvA vO is a very hard Cane in India, and beat-
Cemelli. ing them fo feverely, that afterwards
16^95. they flew at every beck. And whilft I
c *"W » was at Goa, 1 perceiv’d the aforefaid
Cane perform’d Wonders ; for being
beaten, they underftood a Man’s thoughts
and i-erv’d readily, but to give them fair
Words was time loft. Beating is fo a-
greeable to thefe Wretches, that it
mattes up a part of their amorous De-
light ; for when they Marry, the Couple
lies down upon their hard Bed, and the
Kindred and Friends come and thrafh
them, ihewing them fo much o f this
brutal Kindnefs, that they are unfit for
any bufinds for fome time.
Moifc o f the Citizens and Merchants
o f Goa, are Idolaters and Mahometans,
who live in aquarter o f the Town apart,
and without any publickufe of their Re-
ligion. W e fhall fpeak o f them both at
large hereafter. There are alfb abun-
dance o f Cajres and Blacks; for there
Blacks. are Portfgutfts that keep thirty, or forty,
and the ieaft lis or tw e lv e ; to carry
their Umbrella, and Andora, and other
mean Employments ; nor are they at a-
ny other charge to keep them, but a
Dilli o f Rice at Noon, and another at
N ig h t; fo r they have no other Garments
but what they brought out o f their Mo-
thers Wombs. Thefe Slaves are car-
ry’d to fell at Goa, and ait along the For-
mgmft T o w n s , -'by the Company’s Ships
belonging to Lisbom and India, who buy
them at Mimbaza, Mozambique, Zofala,
and other Parts along the Coart of A -
frick ; for thofe Nations being at W ar
among themielves, take Slaves on both
fides, whom they afterwards fell to the
jPmutnefc. There are others whom
their Parents ont o f enter want fell, for
only a Zecchint; and others who in de-
fpair, Barbaroufly fell themfelves. There
would be abundance of this laft fort,
did not they foolllhly conceit, that at
Goa they make Powder o f them. T hey
being very cheap, that is, fifteen or twen-
ty Crowns o f Naples a Head, it is no
wonder there ftiould be fuch numbers
o f them, and that the very Vintners
keep them to fell their Wine ; betides
the Canarims they have for other ufes.
A s to their Religion they are Idolaters,
but are eafily induc’d to embrace the Ca-
tholick Faith, there being no need o f
many perftialions, for they prcfently
yield, and readily confent to be Baptiz’d.
On the contrary, thofe o f the Coaft of
Africk oppofite to Spain are perverfe.
There are fome o f them who befides
eating one another, when it Thunders,
•w jtw w w -- :■ ■ • ' AW wM P
i i S ' ? . ' •
\. . ••t..^.-*,'3|p*^*(R ' , B/1"• ^ t^:'. ■ ... ' '■>•■■■•
<SL
Tij
ihoot Arrows cowards Heaven, brutilh-
ly challenging God to fight with them.
But thofc Blacks we fpeak of, tho*
o f an ill afped, have lbme of them fuch
a noble and genteel Difpolition, that it A ;d
were a Bleffing that every European Gen- A$ on0f
tleman were like them. D. Francifco de a Black.
Tavemo, Earl o f A lvor, who was af-
ter wards Vice-Roy o f In d ia , being
Governor o f Angola, the Son o f a
Neighbouring King, came once to vi-
fit him, and undei Handing that the For-
mgiefes were precife irt matter o f Com-
plim ents, and that he mould be re-
ceiv’d ftaading , as was accordingly
done, he took along with him two Slaves
weil inftru&ed what they were to do.
Being come into the Governor’s Room,
and feeing no Chair brought him, he
caus’d his two Slaves to fquat down and
fate upon them. The Portnguefe ad-
mir’d the Cafies Ingenuity, and prefent-
ly order’d Chairs to be brought. A fter
thevifit the twoSlaves flay’d in theCouut’s
Hoilfe; and their Mafter being told o f
it by the Count’s Servants, that he might
call them away, heanfwer’d, he did not
ufe to carry away the Chairs he fate on;
In the fame Kingdom o f Angola, two
Brothers o f the King de Us Feints Anot'lcr*
being made Prifoners by the Portugae-
[ a , were fent to Lisbon, where in a
viilt they made to the Marquis Of M a -
rid v a feeing no Chairs were brought
them ; they drew them themfelves
and fate d o w n , telling the Marquis,
that he was a Marquis, and they Prin-
ces. {
As their Princes and Gentry are en- Klir f
dued with Generousand noble Thoughts, Elephants
fb the Commonalty are Couragious, and and Lions,
Cunning, for they with poor Weapons
overcome Elephants, and the fierceft
Lions. T o kill the firft o f thefe they
make a narrow Path, along which they
by means o f feverai contrivances drive
the Beaft, and then dexterofly wound
it with a Javelin from off a Tree,
W hen it has blead to Death and falls,
all the Inhabitants o f the neighbouring
Village, refort to the place, and live
there in Tents till they have eaten all
the Flelh. Others finding the Elephant
lying on the Ground, get upon him,
and Stab him with a long Dagger, hold-
Ing faft upon him till he is dead, which
cannot be done without much Courage,
They kill _ the Lions for fport 5 for
when they fee one aftray in the W oods,
one of them advances with two final!
Cudgels in his Hand, and clapping One o f
them into the Lions Paw, plays with th«
other.
 §L
216 A Voyage round the W O R L D. Book I.
< V \ y i other: In the mean while the next Black King’s. Beyond thefe Caftles the Chan-
Gemelli. to him very dexceroufly takes the Beall nel grows narrower, fometimes to one,
1695. by the Tefticles, and then they beat him fometimes to two Miles, and its Banks
l / Y \ l to death. So when they would have a fet out with the bell Fruit and Trees
Lion quit a Cow he has feiz’d, they draw India affords, yield the finell Profpeft
near, and faludng him after the fame imaginable. Befides, there are delicate
manner as is us’d in A frick, to Perfons Country Houfes call'd Quintas, and a-
o f the greatell Note ; that is, lying bundance o f dwellings o f the Country
down on their fide , holding up one People. T he delightful Scene holds
Foot, and at the fame time making a for Eight Miles up to Goa.
Noife with Hands and Mouth. This was Half way up on the right fide is a
generally told me by the Portuguefes ; Palace call’d Pajfo de D augi, where
the Reader may believe what he pleaf- formerly the Vice-Roys relided ; at
e s ; for I do not aflert thofe things for prefent it ferves to quarter the G ar-
Inhuman Truths, which I have not feen. Since rifon Souldiers. T here begins a thick
Blacks. we are fpeakingof thefe Blacks, itis to Wall two Miles in length, for a Foot-
be obferv’d that in Africk there are fome Path when the Country is overflow’d ;
call’d JStudoy Macau, who are fo fierce and there a great deal o f Salt is gather’d :
and inhuman, that they eat the Flefh Oppofite to this W all, or D ike, is a
o f the Enemies they take, or kill in Hill, on which the Jefuits have their
Battle. They go quite naked, except Novicelhip. T he Vice-Roy has his
their Privities; and curl their thick Hair, Palace call’d la Palvereira, on the fame
winding it about finall flic k s, which Channel, and lo has the Arch-bilhop.
makes them look like Devils. They lye Here begins the C ity, and fo far Ships
in the open Fields on T rees, being can come up after lightning lbme part
us’d to this dangerous Bed, for fear o f o f their Load.
the W ild Bealls that Country is full T his Channel that makes fo noble
of. N o part o f the W orld is richer in a Port, runs many Miles up the Coun-
Gold ; for in fome Kingdoms it is try , dividing it into feveral Fruitful
found upon the furface o f the Earth, fo Iflands and Peninfulas , which do not
that there is no need o f digging for it, only plentifully fupply the City with
and therefore inftead o f Iron they ufe neceflaries, but delight the Pallate
Golden Nails. with rich Fruit, afford a curious Prof-
T o return, after fo long a digrefli- peft, and yield much profit to the Gen-
on, to Goa, its Port is compar’d by T a- try, to whom for the moll part they
•vernier, to the bell in our Continent, belong. In Ihort, this Channel for Plea-
of as Conjiantinofle, and Toulon. And fure is no way inferiour to our Pofi-
to lay the Truth, befides what Na- lipo, as well on account o f thofe ad-
ture made it, the Pomiguefe have ta- vantages here mention’d, as for the
ken much Pains to Compleat, and For- many Boats there are on it to take
tify it by means o f many Caltles and the Air.
T ow ers furnifh’d with good Cannon •, Adjoyning to this Port is that o f
for at the Entrance on the left upon Murmugon form’d by the other Chan-
thc point o f the llland o f Bardes, is nel that runs between the Illand o f
a good Fort call’d Aguada , with Goa and Peninfula’s o f Salz.ete ; to give
ftrong W orks, and Guns levell’d with a fafe retreat to the Ships that come
the W a te r; on the top o f the Hill, from Portugal and other Parts, tv hen they
near the Channel, is a long W all, all are Ihutoutof the Port, by the Sands the
planted with Cannon ; and oppo- R iver Mandua brings down, when
fite to it the Callle call’d Nojfa Sinho- fwollen by the firft Rains o f June, the
ra do Cabo, or our Lady o f the Cope, Paflage not being open till October. T his
built in the Illand o f Goa. T w o Miles Port o f Murmugon is defended by the
within the Channel, above the Illand C allle o f the lame Name, feated in the
o f Bardes, is another Callle call’d dos Illand o f Sabz.ete, with a good Garri-
Reys, or o f the Kings, well Fortify’d fon and Cannon,
and with Cannon level with the W a- Thefe two Channels which meet at
ter. Here the new Viceroys take Pof- St. Laurence make the length from
feflion at their firft Arrival. Near Eall to W e ll o f the Illand o f Goa,
this Fort is a Monaltery o f Franciscans, which is twenty feven Miles in com-
Oppofite to i t , and within common pafs and contains thirty Villages. En-
Shot, is the Fort of Gafpar D ia s; but tring the Port on the right Hand
two Miles dillant from that o f the is the Peninfula o f Salz.de, which is
fixty

X -tB 1 I
111
Chap. VI. Of I N D O S T A N
rs-A>"> fixty Miles about, and twenty in length,
Gcmclli. containing 50000 Souls in fifty V il-
1 <5,9 5* lages, where the Jefuits adminifter the
Sacraments. On the left is the other
Peninfula o f Bardes, in which are the
Forts o f Aguada, and Reyes. It is fif-
teen Miles long, and about forty five in
compafs with 28 Villages, Govern’d in
Spirituals by the Clergy.
Saturday 26th, going to the Cuftom-
houfe to find the Commander o f the
Manchuca, and tell him that his Men
hadftolen a Coat, and a Silver Cafe for
the Table out o f my Portmantue; I
law F. Francis's Man carry’d away Pri-
Foner, for having fpoke faueily to the
Officer o f the Caftoms on account
o f his Mailers Goods. He was dif-
charg’d upon my requeft and the
Cuftomer very civilly told me, that if
I had any Baggage I might take it a-
way without fearchingj a piece o f Cour-
tefy not uled towards Strangers in our
Cuftom-houles.
Cathedral A fter Dinner, I went to fee the
Cathedral. It is very large, Arch’d,
divided into three Ifles by twelve Co-
lumns, and all curioufly adorn’d with
Figu res, as are the Chappels. T he
Arch-biftiop’s Seat is in the Choir, but
. rais’d a great height above the Ground.
T h e Paiace is Magnificent and Spaci-
ous, with curious Galleries and noble
Apartments, for what India affords,
but the Archbifhop, for the convenien-
cy o f the cool A ir, lives in that we
laid was upon the Channel, near the
Powder Honfe. A few paces from
the Cathedral is the little Church o f
the M ifericordia.
Sunday 27th, I went two Miles from
Remktu the City to fee the Monaftery o f the Reco-
lets, call’d A Madre de Deos, or the
Mother o f God. The Dormitories are
large and lightly, and their Gardens
furnifh’d with Several forts o f £«-
npean, and Indian Fruit. T h e Church
tho’ fmall is Beautiful, with 3 handfom
A lta r s ; one in the middle rail’d in, and
two on the fides. In the Garden where
S. Jerom e's Hermitage Hands, there is a
Fiih-pond well ftor’d.
Near this Monaftery, at the place
W a l l * * ca^ Daugi, begins the W all built
by the Fomtguefe when the City was
in a Flourilhing condition along the
Channel, to lecure it from being in-
vaded by Enemies. It is about four
Miles along, reaching to S. Blafe, S.
Jam es's Fort,and S. Laurence, with T o w -
ers at convenient diftaaces furnilh’d
with Cannon.
Vol. IV.
jf ■• v. ';
1 i
' / 1 |X
<SL
217
Returning home I went into the xsomini-
Church and Monaftery [of S. Dominick, cm . '
T he firft has three Hies, made by fix Co-
lumns on a fide. T he Arches are gilt,
especially that of the Choir, where
Gold glitters in every part. T h e high
A ltar and Cbappel are well adorn’d,
T he Convent is Magnificent, for the
long Arches o f the Dormitories, Cloi-
fter and other Spacious places, necefi-
fary for a great number o f Fathers.
T he Gardens are alio pleafaut and cu-
rious.
After Dinner 1 law the Monaftery .
o f S. Augujhn, feated on a high Ground, '
that commands the City. A large af-
cent o f fteps leads up to the front o f
the Church, where there are two high
Towers with great Bells. T he Church
has but one Ifle fee o ff with good Ima-
ges. A s well the Altars o f eight fide-
Chappels, as the high Altars, and only
on each Hand o f it, are all richly gilt.
The ftately Choir is above, over the
great Gate. T he Monaftery has a good
Cloifter with vaft great Dormitories,
and an infinite number o f Cells. Add to
all this the Beauty o f the Gardens, ai-
ways green, and beautify’d with the
bell Trees India produces. Near this
Monaftery is the College for Novices
with a decent Church and dwellings.
The little Church o f the Tbeatins is Tkatins.
built after the Model o f S. Andrew del-
la F ’elle in Rome. Four Columns fup-
port the Cupola, which is adorn’d with
Images, as are the Arches. Both the
high Altar and beautiful Chappies on
the fides are gilt. T he Choir is over
the three Doors coming in. T he Mo-
nailery alfo fmall, and has a Garden.
Monday 28th, F. Salvador gave me a
tafle o f the Root Sagu, boil’d with •r‘lSBroot*
Coco-nut, Milk and Sugar. T h o’ when
drefs’d it looks like Glew , y e t it is v e r y
Nourifhing and well-tailed. It comes
from Malaca and the Hland o f Borneo
bruis’d fmall like Millet, and white.
Tuefday the i l l o f March, the Vice- *
R oy return’d from vifiting the Nor-
them Coaft. T w o Veffels arriv’d from m s. "
China, having fpent a long time in
their Voyage, for fear o f the Arabs.
I went to the Barefoot Francifcans,
which is one o f the bell Churches in
Goa : For tho’ fmall it looks like one
entire Mafs o f Gold, there is fo much
Of this Metal about the high A ltar,
and Sepulcher for Maundy Thurfday,
and in the eight Chappels on the fide,
The Roof is curioufly adorn’d with
Fretwork.
E e T he
m
■. ' - . ■ I
is
' V. . J - ■ ' !
 “ 'I B P -••UIPC'W] IJJI 11 IWipr H'.M
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., ■I . ' '.
o 18 A Voyage round the W O R LD.
rv_A_^i The Jefuits College, call’d S. Rock,
Gemelli. has a final 1 Church with fix little Chap-
1 6 <;. p ie s; but the Houfe is large and ca-
l/ y ^ J pable o f feventy Fathers, who live in
fifuits jt5 t|iere being but twenty five at the
College. profefs’d Houfb.
,. . S. Monica o f the Auguflinian Nuns,
fnN m s!' is an arth’d Church, with three gilt
Altars. Here is a miraculous Cruci-
fix. Sifter Mary of Jefus dy’d in this
Monaftery with the reputation o f San-
dfity: She having the figns of our Sa-
viour’s Wounds found upon her, and
on her Head, as it were the goreing o f
T horns; whereof the Archbifhop took
authentick Information.
After Dinner I went to St. Paul,
%hs *C' c^e fir^ Church founded by the Jefuits
Jmts" in India, whence they took the Name
o f Pauliftas. Afterward they left it on
account o f the ill A ir, and becaufe it
was out o f the C ity, fo that only two
Fathersrefide there at prefent; Having
formerly been a College, the Dormito-
ries ftill ftandingare magnificent. In the
Garden thereare 2 Jaqua,and fome Mango
Trees caufed to be planted by S. Francis
Xaverius. There is alfo a Chappel built
in Memory o f the Extafy or Rapture
the Saint had in that place. In this
Church , tho’ formerly Magnificent,
there is at prefent only the high A l-
tar, with two fmall ones on the fides.
Here the Catechumens are inftru-
died ; for whofe fuftenance the King
allows four hundred Pieces o f Eight a
Year.
In India all Chriftians wear their
Beads about their Necks, like Religious
Men. The "Jefuits inftead o f a Prieft’s
Cap, wear a long round one, broad at
the top.
Miracu- T he Miraculous Crofs, is a Church
lousCrofs. built on the Hill, on the place where
C H A P .
O f the Antient and Modern Dominion o f the P o rtu g u efe in In d ia.
V
Afco de Gama a Portuguefe Gentle-
man, whofe Statue is over one
dlaBortu- Gates o f Goa, was
guefe Afa.perform’d this tedious Voyage ; and
King Emanuel o f Portugal had the good
Fortune to fee that acccompJiih’d which
his Predeceflors had in vain attempted
for feventy five Years before. Gama
had the T itle o f General, or Admiral o f
four Ships, three whereof were well fit-
I v*>
«P' .■ . ...... . ^
s'-*
Q .i
■ .' ; .
; .^v,
Pook I.
a wooden Crofs being ioimerly hxd
on a Stone f o o t ; it is reported chat
feventy four Years lince the Crucifix
was found with its back Miraculoufly
turn’d towards Goa, which City from
that time has very much declm d.
Wednefday 2d el March, I went to S. Thomas
the Church o f S. Thomas o f the Do- Domini-
minicans, a good Fabrick on the Bank CMS‘
o f the Channel. It has feven A ltars;
the Monaftery is large, and Beautiful,
inhabited by 25 Fathers.
S. Bonaventure o f the Ohfervants o f s . Bona-
S. Francis, is a final] diftance from it, venture
has a little Church, and indifferent Frmcif-
Dormitories. It was the firft b u iltctm'
at Goa in Honour o f S. Francis by E d -
ward de Merfes.
The Hofpital o f Goa is fmall, and
ill Govern’d, tho’ the King allows it
four hundred pieces o f Eight a Year,
For this reafon, and through the Pe-
ftilential A ir o f the Country there
dye Thoufands o f fick Perfons in it,
and particularly o f wretched Porta-
guefe Souldiers.
1 kurfday 3d, I went in an A n dora,
to Our Lady o f the Pillar, leated on
a Hill fix Miles from the City. T h is
is the School o f the Recolets. T h e
Church though fmall is Beautiful, and
has three gilt Altars. Returning home
one o f the Baes or Porters that car-
ry’d me in the Andora being got drunk,
I was forc’d to make the Peafants,
I met by the way carry m e; they o-
beying readily upon light o f a Cudgel.
It is to be obferv’d that ail the
Monafteries in Goa and throughout all
the Portaguefe Dominions in India, have
fome allowance from the K in g, mote
or lefs, according to the number o f the
Religious,
V II.
ted for W ar, and the fourth loaded with
Provifions; and being furnilh’d with all
the firft that necefiaries for fo long a Voyage he fail’d
from Lisbon on the 9th o f July 1497 ;
a Seafon, as afterwards was round by
experience, moft improper to go to
India ; for want o f thofe general Winds
that forward Ships on their way thi- V ? u Al‘
ther. A fter fome dangerous Storms he
touch’d at the Ifland o f St. Jam es, the
biggeft
\
- %.4 '’ '- v :
t§
"c h a p . v ii. o f i n D o s T
*7
fX /w O biggeft of the tea of G<£o PWir, where
Gemelli. having taken what he wanted, he con- Iflands, and the Iflands of Timor, and
1695. tinu’d his Voyage to the Cape o f Good Solar, building the Colony o f Macao
u t \ J Hope, which he found very ftorrny, as with the cbufent of the Emperor of
Bartholomew B ia s had call'd it, as well China. The Dominion alfo extended
by reafon of its being in thirty four
Degrees and a half of South Latitude,,
as becaufe the two Oceans here break
one upon another. Neverthelefs King
John , under whom Dia-z. difcover’d.it,
would not: have it caU’d the Stormy Cape,
for fear of difcouraging Sailers for the
time to come ; but on the contrary gave
it the Name of the Cape o f Good Hope,
There a worfe Storm than*that of the
Sea, was rais’d aboard the Ship by the
Sailers againft Gam a , for they daunt-
' ed with the prefeme Danger, and fear-
ing greater, if they went further, con-
fpir’d together to throw him over Board
and return home. Gama having In-
telligence of it, clapt the chief of the
Confpirators in Irons, and fitting down
himfelf at the Helm, play’d both the
parts of the Captain and Pilot, till he
had weather’d the C a p e , and brought
them all out of that Danger. Then
jftcering North Eaft, ftiliCoafting along
A fric k , this Eaftern Columbus came at
lad to the island of .Mozambique, and then
boldly eroding a Gulph of 2500 Miles
on the r 8th of M ay 1498, came to an
Anchor in a Port thirty Miles from C a-
licut a. City in the Kingdom of M alabar,
after ten Months Sail from Lisbon.
The P o r t a g u e fc continu’d this fame way
to India for feveral Years after, ftill
going on to the difeovery of more
remote Countries, as far as China and
Japan -, arid to the Southward opened
a way to the infinite Number of Iflands
Pomsuefe in that &reat Archipelago- Their Dif-
Conqudte coveries were follow’d by GonqueJls,
with ah incredible increafe as well of
Souft brought to the Faith, as of Glo-
ry and Dominions added to the Crown
of Portugal, Having by repeated
Voyages fettled the means of getting
the neceflary fupplies out of Europe,
the Ponugutfes began to fubduc the
Kingdoms of Decan, Cambaya, and G u-
z.aratte, taking the Forts of D in , Cam -
baya, Suratte, Damam , Trapor, M aim ,
B azA m , Tana, Chaul, B abul, and other
places for Two hundred Miles along the
Coaft as alfo the Iflands of God, Sal-
z.ete , S a r d e s , A n d eg iva , and others;
the fmall City of S. Thomas, the King-
dorm of Cochin and C a licu t , and the
Ifiand of Ceylon.
Further on towards China, they made
themfeleves Mafters of the irapor-
1 221
<Sl
a r ” ~ ~ u $
■'■■ ' ":i”“ " ......... .
"' ■*•*—
—- ■■■»'■ ..i,
tant place o f M aU co, of
the Molucca
on the Coaft: o f Africk over 'JfnnU
and Mozambique. This lift is an Ifiarld
three Miles in* compafs, and a Mile in pc'
length, where only the JeJd its have a
Garden of Palm-Trees. The Fort is
feated on the Mouth o f the Channel
which runs bet'wcn the laid little Uland *
and the Continent. The C iftle has four
good Baftions, with feventy four choice
pieces o f Cannon. The Governor is
honour’d with the Title of General o f
the River of Senna, where he has his
Lieutenant, which employment is worth
to him feveral hundred thonland Crow-isr
there are but a few Houles about the
Fort, the Inhabitants keeping their ef-
fedls on the Neighbouring Coudnent.But
notwithftanding the narrowneTs of the
place there arc Monafteries of Jefuits,Da-
m in k a n s , of S. Jo h n d e D io s betides the
chief Church and that o f ’ the M f e r i -
cordia. The Merchandize brought to
this Port by the Ships o f the Company,
are bought at a fet Price by the Royal
Factory } which afterwards fends them
to ChiUmam,, the Mouth of the River
of Senna, running three hundred Miles
along the Coaft in Galiots and final!
Veflels, becaufe of the Flats. From
Chilim ani, the Goods are lent up the Ri-
ver againft the Stream in A ln L n d ie s or
little Boats, which are ten Days going
up, and but five coming down It is
very difficult going up "for thofc that
are not well acquainted with the Shai-
lows, and Windings of the River
Cafres, 01 Blacks refort to this Port
from Provinces and Kingdoms three or
four Months Journey diftant to buy
or take up Goods upon Truft for fo'
much Goldj which they never fa il to
bring pundualiy the next Year, unlefs
Death prevent them. This Trade yields
above cent. per. cent, fo that the Portu-
guefes may be faid to have another India
in A frick.
Senna is a little Town on the right
Hand of the River, inhabited by fifty
Pormgaefe Families, who make it Po-
pulous enough by the great Number
of Blacks they keep. Thefe Till the
Ground, and dig in the Mines, and b y
that means maintain their Mafters inftead
of being kept by them. The Dominicans
and other Miflioners, when they return
from this placecarry away Gold,in Ingots
Fez and
i
Mm
P NnV^?? ■•ctfff / '
' <SL
V C
220 Voyage round the W O R L D.
rv-A-«0 and Plates, fo great is the Plenty of it,
Gemelli. efpecially a Months Journey up the
l 69 ’S - Country, where they fay the Bealls
Shooes are fet on with Gold Nails, as
z f I was faid elfewhere.
J ' On the fame Coall, fifteen Days jour-
ney from M o z a m b iq u e , the Portuguefes
have the Fort of Zofala, the firft Place
they difcover in this part of A frick, as
alfo the fmall Ifland and Fort of Mom-
^aza-
Mdfcste. In Arabia F d ix the Portuguefes once
had the iropoitant Place ot M afcate ,
and its Dcpendances; the Kingdom o f
Ormuz, the Illands of Recca, Kefcim i,
and others in the Perfa n Gulph ;
where they made the Ifland of Baharem
Tributary, as alfo the conliderable Ci-
BdJJora- T-y ° f B afo r a , which f i l l pays five
Thoufand five Hundred Crowns and a
Horfe yearly Tribute to the King of
Portugal j befides two Zecchmes a Day
for the lubfiftence of the P o rtu gu ef s
F a fto r ; but whenfoever their Fleet, does
not appear powerful in the Gulph the
Mahometans refufe to pay.
. They alfo made themfelves Mailers
in the Kingdom of Canara of the Forts
of Onor, B razalor , and Cambolin in
the Country o f the N aires of the Caltles
Ol Cananor, Caranpanor, Palepor, and
Coilon j and o f the Fort of M anar on the
Ifland of that Name.
Ceylon. >In the Ifland of Ceylon, of fevenPro-
Vinces (or Carolas, as the Indians call
them) three were brought under the
Portuguefes Dominion j with the rich
Country of the Cinnamon, and the
Forts of Calaturre, Columbo, Cilau, J a -
fanapatan, Trichil, M a ll, and Batticall j
and this by the laft W ill of the King
o f Acota, who was Sovereign thereof,
T he Dutch with the afliltance o f the
neighbouring Kings afterwards made
themfelves Mailers, if not of all, at
lealt o f a confiderable Part o f the faid
three Provinces.
Negspmn. ' T h e Portuguefes further fubdu’d _the
City and Fort of Negapatan in the King-
dom o f M adure-, Tambulin in the King-
dom of Bengala, and M ac a fa r in the
Kingdom of that Name. So that be-
ing become formidable .to all the Prin-
ces of A fia, they had made all the Coun-
try about Tributary ; and being Sove-
reigns of that vaft Ocean by means of
their mighty Fleets, no Ship of any
Nation whatfoever could fail thofe Seas
VI ith°u-t their Leave aad Pa['3 ’ Sizing
the Ships and Goods, and Imprifon-
mg the Men for prefuming to Sail
withorn ^ieir Protection. This Au-
Book I.
thority the Portuguefes, tho weak Hill
exercife over all Ships of Moors and
Gentils ; for the Europeans are got a-
bove it. Thefe Conqueils gain’d at
the Expence of many Lives, and with
the effufion of much Blood fcarce laft-
ed an Age and a h alf; for the Dutch
falling into the India Trade, inltead
o f extending their Conqueils among fo
many Illands and Kingdoms of M aho-
metans and Pagans, they only Robb’d
the Portuguefes o f whar they had gain’d
with io much Valour 5 making this
ungrateful return to a Nation, which
with lo many Dangers and Sufferings,
taught and lecur’d to them that tedious
Voyage.
Another caufe of the decay of the „ •,
Portuguefes Power in India, was their *
Conquelt of B ra zil-, for finding there
more Profit, they flighted India, and
negleded to fend thither fufficient Sup-
plies to preferve what they had, much
lefs to make new Conqueils. This is
fo certain, that the King of Portugal
was feveral times in the Mind abfolute-
ly to abandon it, which had certainly
been done , had not the Miflioners
made him fenfible, that if he did lb all
the Chrillians o f thofe Countries would
again fall into Idolatry and Mahometa-
nifm.
If we look upon what remains to the
Portuguefes at prefent in India, it is ve- —
ry inconfiderable, and inltead of being offomert
Profitable fcarce pays its own charge, in Indit
A t Goa they have the fmall Ifland of
that Name, with thofe o f Salzete,
Bardes, A ngediva, and others. On the
Northern Coalt the FortrdTes of D a-
mam, Bazaim , and Chaul -, intheKing-
dom of Guzaratte the City o f Dm . Near
China the Illands of Timor (abounding
in Sandal) and Solor j and the Colony
o f M acao , Subjed to the Emperor of
China. In A frick , Angola, Sena, Sofa-
la , Mozambique and Mombaza ; many in
number, but of no great value. Thofe
that envy the Honour o f the Portu-
guefes alcribe their lofles to their want
o f Zeal for Religion, and their not per-
lifting long in the propagation of it :
for they fay that the Portuguefes entring
India with the Crucifix in one Hand and
the Sword in the other, finding much
Gold, they laid alide the Crucifix to fill
their Pockets; and not being able to
hold them up with one Hand they were
grown fo heavy, they dropp’d their
Sword too. Being found in this Pofture
by thole that came after, they were ea-
lily overcome. This is an excellent
con-
tS)f <SL
Chap. ViL ^ N D O S T a R ' "... IiT
<VA^- contrivance of ill Tongues;, but the his Dotnefticks about him. When he '
Cernelli. chief caofe of their Ruin was their hav- lands he is carry’d in a Sedan by four
1695. ing made fo many Conquelis fo far di~ Mem He has a Guard of ten Horfe,
t X V N J vided from one another y and next the and feveral o f the Gehtry and Officers
W ar at borne, which obfhudied there- attend him in Palanchines.
liering of India. * Tho’ the Pamtgm fe Dominions be
Govern- A |j that remains under the Tonuguefes fmall 5 yet the King appoints feveral Gc~
Dominion from the Gape of Good Hope nerals who have very little advantage be-
in Africk, to the City of M acao in China, tides the Honour. One o f them is call’d
Viceroy, is Go crn’d by a Vice-Roy, with the T i- of the Galph of O r m u z , and commands
tie of Captain General, who refides at four Shipsy another o f the North, who
Goa a. the Metropolis of India. There is like a General over all thole Towns
are fix , andfornetiines eighc D efem bar- and reiides at BazMm ■, another of S al-
gadores, or Judges that attend the Go- zjete, who commands in that llland; one
Courts or ve; ament, asafovereign Court or Coun- of China , who commands only in the
Councils, cii, who wear a Gown down to their Town of Macao \ one in the 1Hands o f
Heels over a Galfock of the fame length, Tim ar and Solor y and lalfly one o f Goa
the Gown with wide Sleeves down half who has the care of the Channels, than
way their Arms. They wear G dillas no Perfonmay come in or pafs by from
and huge Periwigs after the French Fafhi- the M ogul's Country. And this becaufi*
on._ The chief Court thefe Gown-Men it is a difficult Matter to fecure the Paf-
fit in is call’d a R e U e a m , which admi- fage between fo many fmall Iflands; for
nifters juftice in Civil and Criminal Ca- belides thofe of Goa, Bardesand S o lu te .
fts i having Power over all M uniters, there are, that of Charon, where are * '
and tries all Appeals brought from any two Villages, the Noviciate o f the de­
parts of the Dominions, The Vice- [nits, and a Parflh o f Seculars •
Roy fits as Chief o f this Court under a or N o rva with three Villages, where
Canopy y the Gown-Men fit on Benches the Seculars have the Cure o f Souls -'
plac’d on the plain Floor. T h e Council Capon, belonging to the Nuns o f S M o-
da Faceftda, is like the Court of Exche- mea y Combar^iva, and Jn v a ri belonging
quer, where oae of the Gown-Men fits to thejefaits-, S. Stephen, where there
as the Viceroy’s Deputy. ’ is a Fort, Village and Parifli of Seculars 1
There is the M atricula-G em ral, the the fmall Ifland o f Em anuel Lobo de S il-
frocuradm Mor-dot-Contos, and the Com- veira, with a few Houfeson it; that o f
m itr.eeof the new Company of Traders. Emanuel Motto , which is the Stews o f
Thefe have put in feveral Sums to carry Goa, being inhabited by Pagan Dancing-
on the lrade o f M ozambique, Momboca, Whores-, and laftly the final! lOandof
M acao , and other Parts of the P en a - Dongarin belonging to the Atuaofiihiani
guefes Dominions; and have the Privi- T helefor the molt part abound in Palm
ledge that none (hould Trade but they, or Coco-Trees, under which the Cana-
becaufe they pay the Salaries of the Go- rim s and G an ils build Cottages to live In *
vernours. The Vieeroyand Archbifhop fo chat every Palm-Tree Grove looks
put in many thousand Pardnot into this like a little Village. They lay the
Company, to encourage others to do the Breath of Man makes the Palm-Tree
lik e; but it canfcarce laft long, becaufe more Fruitful,
ihe Stock is but: fmall. The profit is w Nor. only the Viceroy but all the Of-
be divided every three Years. ficers Civil and Military, and Church-
Inquiiiti* The Inqaifim n is much refpe&ed and Men have fufficient Allowance from the
on- dreaded by the ChnRians at Goa, and a- King to maintain them handfomelv.
bout it j as is the Archbifhop, or Pri- T h e Viceroy’s Salary is 30000 P a r d a o s ,
raa£c- which are the third part of a piece of
The Viceroy goes by Water in a B d - Eight. The Archbiihop 12000; the Of-
lon, or Barge row’d by twenty two C oho- fleets of the Inquifition, Canons, Mo
rincs, with Trumpets before him, and naileries, find Parities a Competency!
fits on a Velvet Scat, with feveral o f but all the Tithes belong to the King.

' - o H A P,

• *
, <5*h ; .4

I . ,
§ . 1 ■ - y i h -
ffl)!
/w ^ —-OV\

si
- : ■ ■■ . V^I

' A '

222 ^ Voy&ge round the W O R L D Book 1.

C H A P . V III.
• Of the Fruit and Flowers of In d o ftan .
C S * \S \ T P u^ no*- be thought ftrange that, ling being feveral times repeated it be-
Cemelli. X being to fpeak o f the Fruit and Flow - comes a ftrong W a te r : B oil’d it turns
1 69%. eJ S fO Vart a. Coimtry as doflan, I to Sugar, and they ufe it as Leaven to
u rv\j mould bring it in immediately after Goa-, their Bread. Prefling the Pith o f the
becaufe all thole forts, which are found T re e they draw Milk out o f it as we
in the fe veral Parts o f that T r a d , being do from Alm onds, to Boil Rice, and
to be had about Goa, and even fomethat for feveral other ufes. T h is Fruit keeps
are notelfew here; itisp ro p erw e Ihouid the Year about. Thus the Coco-Trees
give an account o f them before we leave yield the bell Revenue in India, becaufe
that City. I w ill endeavour to explain the Country does not produce much Rice
th eir Port^Hefe Names the belt 1 can, Cotton, or Corn. T h e y grow ftrait to
and add the Cuts o f them, that they may lixty Spans in height, o f an equal thick-
appear the plainer to the Reader. nefs from the Bottom to the T op. T h e
Coco- 1 0 bc6 ‘n tben by the Pnlmera de Co- Indians ufe them for T im b er to build
Tree. cos, or C oco -T ree, the firft Place being their Houfes, and the Leaves to cover
due to that Plant which is moll beneficial them, or to burn,
to Man: It is to be conceiv’d that this T he Palm , or D ate T re e in India
i reefits out and loads a Ship for Sea, bears no Fruit, but they draw N ira or Palm'
without borrowing any think elfewhere. Sura from them. T here are feveral o- Tree‘
O f the Leaves, which fome o f the Peo- ther forts o f them that yeild little Fruit
pie on that Coaft ufe inftcad o f Paper, One they call Palm eirade Tranfolia,whofe
they generaHy make Sails; of the W ood Fruit is ripe in M ay. T h is is fmaller than l
the V e fle l: T h e Fruit, which is w ell the C o c o , the outfide Rind to make
known in Europe,yields Meat and D rink, Ropes b lack ; and full within o f the
and a good Com m odity; belides its out- fame fubftance as the other Cocos E-
w ard Cafe or Rind fteep’d in W ater is very Tranfolin bears three little Coco-
s pun to make all neceflary Cordage for N uts in a T ria n g le ; the Pulp w hereof
a V e fle l, tho there are fome forts o f it prefs’d yields a cold white W ater. T h is
•thf y eaf llke other Fruit* T h is S rows as high as the C oco -T ree, but is
B rit Rmd when Ripe is ye llo w ; the thicker o f Leaves, which grow like a
bhel which is hard, makes Dilhes to Broom , and produces Fruit but once a
drink Chocolate and fo r other Ufes." Year, whereas the other does four times
W ithin it is a white Pulp or Nut flick- T h is T ree alfo affords N ira and Sura
in g round the Shell about half an Inch both o f them naturally exceffive Cold ’
thick, which tails like an Almond. In T h e Talm a de Coco de B m o s, or the ,
the mid ft of it is a clear W ater very Monkey C o c o -T re e , has Boughs like l k
good to drink. O f this fame Fruit they large Difciplines. O f the Fruit thev
make feveral forts o f Sweetmeats, and make curious Beads, becaufe the Paters
O y l, both to Burn and Eat for want o f have a natural W ork on them * than
O lives. Cutting a Branch o f it and which nothing more curious could be
putting the end into a Veflel, the moi- made by A rt. T here are other Palm-
ftute that fhould feed the N ut runs into T rees in India that do not bear and the
it andiscall d N ira , and Sura. T h e Wi- Indians run up and down them bv the
ra is white apd fweet juft o f the tafte o f help o f a R ope ty ’d about the T ree and
the Liquor made o f the G rapes, by put- the Man fo nim bly that none can believe
ting W ater to them after they have been that has not feen it.
prefs’d, and is taken before the Sun rifes. The A rcq w ira , or A reca-T ree is like >
T h e Sura is the fame Liquor turn’d fow- the Palm, but flenderer and not fo high. Trrc
er, and is taken after the Sun is up and It bears a lo rt o f Fruit neceflarv for
has heated the A ir. It mull be put to chewing with the B ale, like a Nutmeg
the Fire before it is drank, or elfe its and enclos’d in a Cafe or R ind, like that
Coldnefs would give the Gripes. It is o f the Coco-N ut, and on a Bough as
fo nourilbing that the Indians live upon thick o f them as that which produces
it feveral Days without any other Suite- Dates. T h is Fruit is gather’d four or
five times a Year.
This Sura D iftfll’d makes W ine, and T h e F m eira , or F ig -T ree is a Plant
when it decays Vinegar ; but the D iftil- as foft as a Bulrulh, as thick as a Man’s Fis‘ TrK>
Thigh,

l i t i ■ M
'- i
'■
©) ' <SL
Chap. VIII. O/ I N P O S T A N .
m T J hiS h’ a^d bctwueern fifteen and twenty
‘ s Pans high, with Leaves above aquar-
f r B r ??d f t / generally believ’d there
that Adam and E ve cover’d what fhould
not be feen with them in Paradice, they
being not only big enough tocover what
ftouId be hid , but to make a fmall
Cloak for their Nakednefs. T h e ln di-
am ule them for Diihes, and have new
ones every M eal, others for Paper to
W rite on. It bears Fruit but once, for
when it has produced fixty, feventy, and
fometimes a hundred Figs on a Branch,
they cut down the Plant and a young
Sprout grows out again. But there are
tw o forts of-them.. Thofe that are a
Span long, and about the thicknefs and
fhapeof an Egg, are call’d[Egos de afar,
or roalting Figs^ and thefe are as fweet
as a wild Fig, and very nourilhing, be-
ing eaten roailed with Cinnamon and Su-
gar. T h e Pulp or Flefh within is white
and red, with fome fmall tender black
Seeds, which are alfo eaten. They are
gather d green, and ripen and turn yel-
low in the Houfe, ike W inter Melons.
T h e other fort is call d Egos de O n a, or
Garden F ig s; thefe are Iweeter, better
tailed, and eaten R aw , but not fo large
as the others, tho’ they have the fame
Seeds. As for their Nature, thefe are
Cold, and the others Hoc, both o f them
ripen at any time o f the Year.
I bee Cut Number I.
T he Manguera or Mango-T re e is as
Tree. high as a good Pear-Tree, but has larger
and fofter Leaves. T h e Mango it bears
is weighty and flat, and hangs down-
wards by a long Stalk. Wichout they
are green, and che Pulp within the Shell
is white and yellow. There are feve-
ral forts o f them and varioufly T ailed .
Some are call’d Mangas Carreiras and
M allaias, others o f Nicholas Alfonfo, o-
thersSrf/Mj, and others by other Names,
them exceeding any European Fruit
in delicate T afle. They are Ripe in
M ay, June and Ju ly, tho’ there are fome
m January and February. They are o f
a very hot Nature, and are gather’d from
the T ie e like all other Indian Fruits,
green, coming afterwards to their Ma-
turity and Perfedtion in three Days keep-
ing in the Houfe.
Carambok- . The Carambeleira, or Caram bola-Tree,
Tree. is as big as a Plum -Tree, and bears fuch
a Leaf. The Fruit call’d Carambola,
when Ripe is white within and yellow
without, fhap’d exaftly like a Lemmon,
with four or five Kernels, and it has a
* '
....... ......:*PP ' ' -;iWipW » <*~
177
four Tafte lik 7 aTemm on. T h c l ^ I ~
guefes preferve them becaufe they are
Cooling. T h e T ree Blofloms and bears
feveral times a Year,
The Anoneira, or A nona-Y tte is verv
large and produces the Fruit call’d ^ / - i nm*'
m in March and April. It is as big as a
Pear, red and yellow without, whitiih
within, and full o f a fofc fweec and
pi eafant Subfiance, which’is eaten with
a Spoon j but ic has fome hard black
Kernels. I donotknow how to defcribe
it better * becaufe it is nothing like any
fort o f Fruit in Europe J
T he A teira, or At a- T ree is as big as
an A pple-T ree, but with fmall lea ves ^ ‘Tree.
Its Fruit call’d ^ is like that ot the Pine-
T ree, green without, and within white
and fofc with black Seeds, fo chat it is
eaten with a Spoon. It is fweecer than
the Anona, f,meiling both o f Amber and
Rofe-water. It Ripens in November and
December.
The Cajuyera, or Cams-T ree is not
very T a l l , but thick o f Boughs and 4 l~
Leaves-. T he Fruit is likean Apple red
and yellow without. It is lingular in
this, that all other Fruic having the
Stone w ithin, this has it at the T o p
rais’d like a green Creft ■ fmelling to
which a Spamjh Preacher and Miffioner
told me did much help the M e m o ry '
and that he by that means foon made
hirnfelf Matter o f the longeil Sermon. I
never had expetieuce ot it, nor will I
vouch for what be laid. W hat I can fafe-
ly atcefl is, that breaking the Scone, the
Kernel within it roailed taffes like an
Almond, and raw likea new Nuc. This
Fruit Ripens between February and M ay.
Cutting it in quarters, fteeping it in cold
W ater, and then chewins it -there
comes from it a cool Juice, good for all
Obflruftions in the Bread.
T h e Jamboleira , or Jambolon-T ree
grows wild and has the Leaves like a Tree.
Lem m on-Tree; but the Fruit is fo de-
licious, that an Indian Woman coming
to Lisbon, loath’d all the belt Fruit in
Europe, remembring her lov’d Jambolon.
T h ey hang on the Boughs like Cherries,
or Olives, and have the red Colour o f
the one and the Shape and Stone like the
other. The Indians eat it with Salt, but
I tailing them in the Garden o f the I k ­
atms where I was entertain’d, did not
think them fo pleafant to the Pailate o f
Europeans ■, becaufe they tafte fbmewhat
like a fervice Apple, and to eat many of
them makes the Belly fwell extreamly.
T h eir Seafon is generally in A pril and
M ay.
Set
:
m
.1
§L
'~"M *.~~ A Voyage round the W O R L D . Book 1.
-------- --------- ------ ~~ biggeft in the W orld, or at k a ft that
fNwA^ ‘ - l u rw m ever I law ; for no Man. can carry above
Cemellt. Set Cut Number . A one o f them j and fome o f them ate four
I<595 * . <au«»«*»-Trec is Spans long, and a Span and a half D ia-
Th® ? and W fifm aU meter. It beingimpoffible for the Boughs
Tree, f / yJ f g V h e jL o m a s the Portuguese to bear fuch a weight. Nature has pro-
e.s: . S * Z ie m r o f the ihape o f vidently. order’d it Ihould grow out at
call M am s Fruit, being the fo o t o f the T ree j and xn the Ifiand
a Walnut, Purple witbc ^ ^ Jf k c f C(ilon aad at M alaca, under Ground
in, and has two Stone . ^ upon the R o o t. and they know when u
is a mixture o f four* , I in Seafon j,1 R ipe by the Smell that comes from it.
llkt a Ja r Z y T he Rind is Yellow and G reen, but
November, December, and J / . p ricklv and with fome ftih Points like
n t * i? Z ? T % ' S ^ r m £ 'Ibout the Collar, o f M
as tall as a t a g T T C . >■ w ith in it there are many yellow Separan-
ler L * B . o a slik e th o fe i„ a„ Orange, w ithcachof
be« * ‘ lV ^ f r S e Z ^ M d e n X p i M ; them a Kernel in it, like an A c o rn ;
a for of F u.thkeonr_GoUen n p p , o a M tjfts nke a cheftnuL T h ls
^ Fruit is gather’d from M *

p^ . a " h‘C! ; th‘ yr f f t W

lS l'n S sClw h i l i n '^ The w hite 3to »% w «, or S ta te -T re e
and ha, three f „ / i i g t / a s a’ U nreL The f “ -
T t ¥ kF° r V / l U "? 1 nr S a l ? f r e e is L eaf is to all, th l BiolTom. like t h c O - 1 * * -
ctrMdv , 1and<Thorny,, with Leaves like an range-flower, and the Fruit like a P e ar,
Tree. k ° w an“ r f (" y4-he Frui- o f it call’d W hite and Red without, and W hite
m n o V h e r than wild Grapes o f within (wich a Stone) o f the fmell and
Caranda is no>other tnaa w jw ^ taftc q { a ch erry. They are Ripe in
Jndoftan, “ ‘ , j • R ipe in A pril, January, February, and March", and two
within, with Seeds. It is Ripe in W h ^ thc farae PJaat.
and M ay. T he Perdra or Pear-Tree is no large it t r - lm
The Ja m b ,,c f M daca a r e ta U 1 t t » ^ ^ ^ and haS fcnall Leaves.
w lth l°.nS, r e” f fcL are as big as frr.ail T he Fruit without is Green and Yellow,
it call d and
Apples aIf? o f the fame
fame tafteb
tafte, Sb !t W
but S e ll like a Pear * within it^ is white
^ ^and foft,
^
like Role-water. The T ^ n n L c C o - ver-ripe Pear. It makes excellent Con-
Yellowith, fe r v e ,o r Prefer ve, and lafts all the Year,
lo u r, and here The Cinnamon*T ree, tho’ it bears no e m m *
from the A pril. Fruit is precious for its B a rk ; which be- Ircc*
in January, and hold w the ena o F i ofTgrows on the T re e again, to
The u ap*>Ze ntv Spans h kh and ?he yield the Owner more Profit. T h e belt

Where t h e y R t p e n y e t o w i l f d n d , and Red within, o f the

SaSS they S cafl uie W * . afle o f an Orange T t s in Seafon m

Wd ?h o re R n te rlU k l thfm f o w r i k S S T h e % l,m C lT h as big as a Pluinb- „ lk .

S
They“ are. Ihap
S d Slike ati e “^ g Kreenifh; its fhape like a long Pompi- Tra-
« f c S . o n f l h f t a ’t t lt a r p f and g o o d \o ma'ke
buc ^ icc’ h are Green and Sauce, or Preferve. T h ey are all eaten,
$ S o w A « S o ^ Y n S o w i o . within, becaufe they have no Stone.
with little black Seeds or Stones in them, Number Ml F a t e ll\ .
like Elder-Berries. T h is Fruit grows Set Cut Number 111. I age 223.

^ b i g - P r ^ e 0r m t u k o l it by
TrCC” Leaves^1 The^Fruit f produces is the the Portuguefes call’d Amcate, grows out

; ■ 77, • : - ■ "■ 7L ; \ i :7 7.::;-. '.Ji.l 7

7: \7;77'"
|||
l,"' 1
l2. >'r
St
i - . *
§L
Chap. VIII." Q/ f N D O S T~A~Nr----------- ~ :
thick part o f the Branches. Its The Beteltira is a tender Plant like B-tei
GmdU. ftape is like a golden Pippin wkhftreaks Ivy, which runsnp a Stick. ItsLeaf is £ t.
like a Melon on the outfide; the Flelh the delight of the AJIaticks ; f o r Men
within is white, and has a Stone. They and Women, from the Prince to the
make good Sweetmeats of it, the natu- Peafant delight in nothing more than
They chewinS k aI1 Day in Company; and
are Ripe m February, March, and April, no Vifit begins or ends without this
Jmm- o ™ * "* * * » * * * * is a Plant like our Herb. Before it they always chew the
Plant. Houfe-Leek, producing Ananas, which Artea above defcrib’d, that the coolnefs
the Spaniards call i W o n e , two, three, of this, as they fay, may temper the heat
or more according to the bignefs o f the of the other; and they lay a little d?f
Plant. This Fruit is round and prickly, folv’dLime on the B e Jlle lf to colour
a Span long, and above a Span Diame- and foften its biting Take. It fpendsnot
!*[» riling like a very great Artichoak. fo well in any part of A lia as in the Phil-
The Pulp within which fmells like Musk, lippme IHands, where the Arcca is foft
is hard, yellow, and partly whitilh. Its and eafieto chew, and the Betel extraor-
tafte between fweet and Power, but very dinar y good. The Spaniards make a Com-
pleafant, efpecially if peel d and put into pofitionof both Herbs with Lime which
Sugar and Water. Some gather it be- they call Buyo, and carry it in curious *
fore it is Ripe, and make it very fweet little Boxes, to chew it every moment a-
with Sugar; and from India they fend broad and at home. The Betel makes
great Quantities into Spain, where it is the Ups fo Fine, Red, and Beautiful'
much valu d. It is wholfom, but fo hot, that if the Italian Ladies could they would
that if a Knife be left kicking in it a purchafe it for the weight in Gold.
^ V r ■ 1 Cmper r nd l s *Poil’d; The Trees and Flowers hitherto de- r utll.
The Seafon of Ripening is from April till fcrib’d are the belt in Indojtan ■ but there Tree.
J y 'c i ix r „ are many more not to be defpis’d. One
See Cut Number IV. Page 223. of them they call Fund, fo tall and krait
aj * • • ni ,. . r tllaC ic may ferve for Maks for Ships. It
Mogorin- The M%°reira is a Plant which from produces a red Fruit, in which there are
Plant. February, till the end o f May, bearsa twelve or more Seeds, as big as Acorns
moil beautiful white Flower call’d Mo- .and of the take of Pine-Apple-Kernels’
gorm. Its Smell, tho’ like it, is much But they eat them boil’d that they may
more fragrant than that o f the Jafm m ; not caufe the Head-ach. *
befides th!S difference, that the Jafmin There are alfo Indian Apples as big as
has but fix Leaves, and the Mogorin a- a Walnut, with a Stone as a Plum and
thTrefeveftyi Pi t Sahadr GalU r01? ™ 5 iU tafted’ The Tree is fmall and has ve- PP
that feveral Plants were lent to Lisbon 111 ry little Leaves
earthen Pots, for fome T rn m .f. Lords; The Ttmanlds o f In M « , are extra- t
a n d ^ c n la d y fo r th e O a k e o fT a W ordinary good, „„d there is plenty o f S ’ -
who had a great Mind to them ; but that them about the Fields. The Tree is
it was not known whether they arriv’d large and bears the Fruit with a Cod, like
there frelh, being to cut the equinoctial our Beans.
Line twice. The Flower very well de- The Scararagam-Tree bears Fruit of
ferves to be in any Royal Garden, and a greenifh Colour, and as big as a Wal- Tree,
the more becaufe it is found no where nut. They are call’d 'LWL, and are of
but in In d ia n , # _ a pleafant tail.
S a fro n - _ Thc ^Jafreira is bigger than a Plum- The Chiampim of China is an odorife- •
Tree. T r e e , and in India produces Safron. rous white Flower, which Preferv’d , fE T ’
1 he Flower has a yellow Bottom and fix contrary to the nature of other Flowers
white Leaves, and ferves the PortHguefes grows hard, and is fweet and pleafant in
as ours does mE u r o p e to feafon theirMcat, the Mouth. This Tree is like a little
. but.IS n.ot f° Sood\ There ,1S thk Cngu- Plan Tree. There is another fort of
lar in this Tree, that the Flowers come Chiampims with two Leaves krait, white,
out in the Night, and almok all the Year and long, and as many red winding a-
3 ' t’ l ' t>• . . , , , bout below, and this grows not on a
Pepper- T h ePimemeira is but a low Plant which Tree, but on a low Plant on the Ground.
Plant. grows agamk any Tree or W a ll, and The Omlam Tree bears a fort of Fruit
b5fts the Pepper in chillers like Grapes, like a ruddy Almond, and a long Flower ?Pnkm'
When Ripe it is Red, but the Indians beautiful and fragrant enough. ree*
)urn and make it Black, that it may not Quegadam cberoza is an odd fort o f a cueeadam
ferve for Seed elfewhere. It comes in great yellow Flower, with long green
March, April and May, and prickly Leaves. F f The

f
IP §L
/ ' v v N ' :'

~~225 A Voyage round the W O R L D. BookL

The M aferictm is a Flow er o f fmall e- but much bigger and weighing many
G anelli. fteem, green and growing out of a little Pounds. Boil’d It is better than Potataes.
1 5 9S. Herb There are many more lorts o f Fruit,
iv '‘Y 'N j padolim is a green Plant, prodo- befides thole here mention d, as w ell of
fin A ’ cing a lightly Flower, and a long Fruit, the C ountry, as brought from other
* ' like an Europ ean Cucumber. Parts; as the Batatas^, the Inhame^iWhich
PMhM The J ’achaa is alfo a green Flower, boil’d or roafted tafte like Cheftnuts,
coming from a low Plant. Pomgranates, Lemmons, ana Ibine few
Tindolim. T he Tndolim, is a Plant bearing a red G rapes; arid as for Garden-wear, Beren-
Flower, and a Fruit o f the fame Colour, genus (before mention d ) lo m p ion s,
of the fhape o f a fmall Lemmon. Beets, Raddilhes, Coleworts, Mellons
inhxmt- The Inhama Corns is a Fruit white with- o f all forts, Cucumets, and many more
Cons. in, growing under Ground like Potatas; brought out o f Berjia and Europe.

*»

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The End of the Firfi B O O K *

A V O Y -

k-.,' . 7 v, . , ,. ' I

2 .18 4 *
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jy
‘i
I ■ .
~~Chap. I.
i VOYAGE
Round the W O R L D,
By Dr. 7ohn Francis Gemelli Careri,
P A R T III.
Containing the mod Remarkable Things he (aw in
IN D 0 S T A N .
B O O K
C H A P.
The Author's 'journey to Galgala.
■ TT' T T A ving refolv’d with my Self
1 ■ '! ever fince my firft fetting out,
e™ e ** J L to fee the Court and Camp
o f the Great Moguls who is one o f the
greateft Princes in A fia , without re-
garding Danger or Expence ^ tho'Friends
feveral times endeavour’d to Diffwade
me, by reprefenting the many Hazards
and Hardships I muft meet with in T ra -
velling over rugged Mountains, and a-
mong fa r m and Mahometan Princes •,
y e t i held my firftPurpofe, and refolv’d
to venture upon it whatlbever hapned.
in order to it, I hir’d a Beganne, or
Canarine o f St. Stephen, a Village near
Goa, to carry my Provilion for fome
Days, and Utenfils for Dreffing o f M eat;
being lure to find nothing by the way \
and becaufe he Spoke not the Language
of the Moguls, l took a Boy o f Golcon-
4 c i who, befides his Mother Tongue,
had learn’d Portugaefe, to be my Inter-
preter there. T h is done, I committed
my Baggage to F. Hippollto Vifconti, a
Milanefe, and regular Clergy-Man o f
the Theatins j defiring him, during my
Abfence, to Change my Mony into Pie-
ces of Eight, to ferve me, when I came
Vol. IV .
'* . *
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<SL
_______________ J2 L
II
I.
back, in my Voyage to China •, carrying
along with me no more than was juft
neceflary for my Journey, as I was ad-
vis’d by F. Galli, who told me it would
be all taken from me on the Mountains
by theCuftom-Houfe Officers j and that
when his Mony was gone, they had ta­
ken from him the very Andora.
Friday 4th, the Porter and Interpre-
ter coming to tell me all was ready, I
fet out, leaving my own Servant in the
Monaftery, that I might have the lefs
to Care for. I found .the Pals ot Dan­
g i, where 1 was to take Boat for Fonda,
was flopp’d by Older of the Arch-bi-
(hop; who Governing during the Vice-
roy's Abfcnce, had dire&ed that no Per-
Ion Ihould be fuffer’d to Pals into the
Infidel’s Country, without his particu-
lar Leave. Therefore leafing the Por-
ter and Interpreter to look corny Things,
I went in a Boat to Speak to that Pre-
late at his little Conntry-PIoule; where
he preiently gave me a Pafs under his
own Hand. Then taking another Bpat %
about Noon, I coafted along the City
W all on the Channel, paffing at the end
o f four Miles, by the Fort of St. Blaje,
F f z om
idA
fff)|
228 ^ Voyage round the W O R LD.
Oil which there are eight Pieces o f Can-
Gcmclli. non ; and cwo Miles further, by the
16 9 5. Caltle o f St. Jam es, where there are
twelve Guns. ‘ Here lhewing the G o -
vernour my Pafs, he gave me Leave to
crofs the Channel into the Mogul's Coun-
try.
W e flay’d a long while in a Cottage
belonging to the Guards, there being
neither Man nor Beaft to be found, to
carry the Baggage of an Armenian, and
a Moor that had joyn’d me. A t laft,
feeing Night drew on, we forced fome
Gentils o f the Village o f Arcolna to car-
ry them. There being nothing to be
Bought in this Place, the Armenian,
and the Moor made drift with a little
Rice half Boil'd, and fo little o f it that
the Grains fwam on the W ater, which
afterwards ferv’d them for Drink. I Figures, which have on their Heads,
pafs’d the Night under feme Coco-Trees
without Sleep, becaufe o f the great
Noife o f Drums, and Cries o f the Ido-
laters, who Celebrated the Feaft o f S i-
minga, at the full Moon.
Saturday 5th, before we fet out, the
Armenian and Moor fill’d their Bellies
with Cacbiari -, which is a Compofition
o f R ice, Kidney-Beans, and Lentils
Pounded and Boil’d together, as was
faid, at the end o f our fecond Part. For
want o f Bealls to carry my Luggage to
Fonda, which was twelve Miles off, I
took three G entils} and was forc’d a-
gainft my W ill to make ufe o f a Cudgel
upon them, becaufe they will never do
good Service either for fair W ords, o r
Mony, but run away as foon as they
can and on the other fide, when
Thralh’d, they will Load themfelves like
Affes.
The Sun was fo hot, that at very fhort
Diftances we were oblig’d to R efl, and
Refrefh us with Melons, and Fruit o f
the Country. A t M ardel it took us up
much Tim e to Eat a Jacca, which was
fo large, that a Man could fcarce carry
k . The Idolaters would Eat none o f it,
for they will not Tafte any thing that
is Cut by us, tho’ Starving for Hunger-,
and I was told fome o f them had been
fo Obftinate, as to continue five Days
without Eating on this Account.
A pw . In this Village o f M ardol, there is a
famous Paged. The way into the Court
is over a cover’d Bridge o f three A r -
ches, up to which there are two Stair-
cafes. On the right o f this Court is an
t octangular Structure, conlifting o f feven
Rounds o f fmall Columns, with hand-
fome Capitols, and little Windows in
the Intervals, one o f which ferves for
V**
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BookJJ,
a Door. They fay this was Built to put
Lights in on the Feftivals of their Idols,
as was the other Place, like it, on the
left, not yet finilh’d. About the Porch,
and before the Arches of the aforefaid
Bridge, there are feveral Shops •, but all
is gone to Ruin fince the Mogul has ta-
ken that Country from the King o f Fit-
fapor, on account o f the W ars with Sa-
vagi. T h e Pagod is at the further end
of the Court. Tine firft Room is like a
little Hall, longer than it is broad, the
R oof fupported by fix fma.il wooden-Go-
lumas On each fide, cut ioully carv’d with
Figures on them, about them there are
low Brandies to lit down. Within it is
another Roam , like the firft, but lefs ■,
and further on upon hie right is a little
Room curioufly painted, with feveral
fome o f them Pyramidal Caps, and o-
thevs a Crown like that the Pope wears.
There is alfo a Figure with four Hands,
two whereof hold a Stalf, one a Look-
ing-Glafs, and the other refts on its
fide-, by it ftand Women with five V el-
fels on their Heads, one upon another,
There are befides feveral Monitors,
Beaftsand Birds-, as flying Horfes, Cocks,
Peacocks, and others. T h e Pagod ftands
oppofite to the D oor in a little dark
round Room, at the Foot o f a fmall '
T o w er, where there is a carv’d Stone <
cover’d like a Tomb. There is a wind-
ing W ay on the out-fide up to the top
o f the T o w er, and to the Chambers o f
the Idolatrous Priefts. On one fide o f
the fecond Room I mention’d, before a
little Door flood the Bier they ufe to
carry their Idol in ProcefFion. On the
fame fide is another Paged fliut up, with
a Ciftern before it, cover’d with a <?«■-
pula, and has a fmall Room in the mid-
die. Behind the aforefaid Pagod, is one
o f thofe T rees they call o f fee Banians,
and under it the Bath, or Pool, with
large Stone-fteps about it for the Gen-
tils to go down, and wafh them o f their
Uncleannefs.
Setting forward again, after T ra re l-
ling a long time over Mountains and
Plains, 1 came late, and very weary to
Fonda. There I found a final! Camp o f
the M ogul's Forces; and among them
Francis de M iranda, Born in the Bland
o f Salzate, who receiv’ d me very C ivil-
ly. He had ferv'd there as a Soldier o f
Fortune fixteen Years, with the Pay o f
75 Roupies o f Silver a Month, which
are worth 4$ Crowns o f Navies. Thofe
Troops were come that fame D ay from
Bicbiolitt, with the D ivan, or Receiver
of
111
Chap. 1. 0/ IN D O S T A N .
r v ^ ^ o of the King’s Revenue o f PW<*, and a-
Gemelli. bove 700 Villages, who has 7000 Ron-
16 9 $. pies a Month, and 1000 Horfe under him,
whofe Pay is a Roupie a D ay, he was to
take Poflefiion o f the Government o f
the lower Fort o f Ponda, and o f the
Office o f Saba, o f that T errito ry, which
among us is like a Major General -, and
this becaufe the true Governour had fent
fome o f his Soldiers to Bichiolin, to com-
mit A d s o f Hoftility againlt the D ivan,
fo that there had been Men kill’d and
wounded on both fides. Fch-lafcanpani-
Saba refufing to Obey, unlefs he were
iirfl; Paid what was Due to his Soldiers,
and the more, becaufe the D ivan had
no Commiffion from the K in g, but on-
ly a Letter o f Advice from his Solici-
tor, therefore the two Parties conten-
ded, and threatned one another. The
D ivan now faid he would drive him out
TheCere- ° f his Fort with the Cannon from the
mony of" u p p e r•, -when on Sunday 6th, about
receiving Sun-fetting there was heard a confufed
a Comif- Noife o f Drums and Trum pets, fuch
fion and tjJat j taking it for a warlike Sound,
X e i i S l laid hold o f my Gun, but it was for the
* * coming o f a Meffienger fent by the King,
who brought the D ivan a Veil:, and Com-
miffion for both Employments.
Seven Hundred Horfe and Foot Hood
at their Arms before the D ivan’s Tent,
and two Companies o f fixteen Gentils
each Danc’d confufely to the Sound o f
Drums, Fifes, and Trumpets. It being
then a fort o f Carnaval thofe People
obferve every Y ear for five D ays, they
went about like Mad-men, in red Veils,
and little Turbants o f the fame Colour
call’d Chiras, throwing red D u ll upon
all they met to D ie them ■, as we ufe a-
mong us to do with black D ull.
T h e D ivan, who was a G rey Headed
old Man about Sixty five Years o f A ge,
mounted k Horfe-back, with a pair o f
Kettle-Drum s a Horfe-back before him ■,
and follow ’d by a Palankine, another
pair o f Kettle-Drums on a Camel, and
a medley o f Horfe and Foot naked, who
went in a Diforderly manner, like fo
many Goats. They had feveral Colours,
fome o f Calico, with a Trident on them,
and fome o f Silk, with' Perfian Chara-
ders and Flames in the middle, all car-
ry ’d by Foot Soldiers. T he D ivan be-
ing come to a T en t, ereded for that
purpoffi near a Mofch, two Musket- fhot
from his own, he alighted, and after
paffing fome Compliments with the
King’s Meffienger, and Perfons o f Note
that were with him, put on the China
himfelf on his Head, whilft the Meffen-
/
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1<**■ •
§L
229
ger held the Salh to him. Then the
latter took a Veit, or Garment o f green
Silk, with Gold Stripes, and put ico n
the D ivan, and then two Salhes about
his Neck, his Scimiter hanging by his
Side. T h e D ivan laid his Hand on the
Ground five times, and as often on his
Head, in Thankfgiving to the King who
had Honour’d him witli that Prefent.
Then fitting dow n, his Friends and
Retinue came to Congratulate with him,
and fome to Prefent him with Roupus,
which he gave to the Meffienger, but
they were very few. T h ey call this
Prefent N azar, that is, a goodly S igh t;
and the Cuftom is deriv’d from the Co-
ronatiou o f Kings, when the Noble Men
prefent a great deal o f Gold Coin ; and
fome Pieces weighing above three Han­
dred Ounces, to Rejoice the Mogul that
D ay, who fits on a Throne ftudded with
Jewels o f an exceffive Value. When
the Solemnity was over, the Divan
mounted a Horfe-back ; and alighted a-
gain by the Pool near the Mofcb where
fitting on a Carpet with Pillows at his
Back, he diverted himfelf with the Sing-
ing, and Mufick o f the Mask’d Gentils.
I was told this Honour coll him 20000
Roapies (each o f them worth fix' Carlines
o f Naples) which he fent the Secretary,
who had pafs’d the Commiffion in the
King's Name •, for he never writes to
his Subjeds. For all this the Saba would
not deliver up his Poll, but keeping
Poffieffion o f the lower Fort, laid it was
all Counterfeit.
T h e City Ponda is made up o f Cot- Pondx Ci-
tages, and Mud Houfes feated in the ty-
midlt o f many Mountains. T h e Fort,
which is alfo o f Earth, and govern’d by
the Saba, has a Garrifon of about 400
Horfe and Foot, and feven fmall Pieces
o f Cannon. T here was formerly ano-
ther Fort on a higher Ground; but D.
Francis de Tavora, Viceroy o f Goa, Be-
lieging it twelve Years before this time
with a Body o f 10000 Men, in a Ihorc
time made a large Breach in it. Savagi,
to whom it belong’d, coming to the
R elief o f it with 12000 Horfe, oblig’d
the Viceroy to raife his Siege, and draw
off. Then he went over to the Illand
o f Salzete, St. Stephen, and others near
Goa j and having Plunder’d and Burn’d
feveral Places, carry’d many Hundreds
o f the Natives Captives into his own
C o u n try; and making them carry the
Stones o f the Fort that had been De- j} ,e
molilh’d to the top o f a Hill two Miles per >
from Ponda South-ward, built the fmall
Fort now Handing, calling it M ardon-
g«ri
7^

230 y4 Voyage round the W O R L D.
r v A > o gv«*, that is, the Fort of Valiant Men.
G em elli. This Caftle is held for the King, by a
1695. Gan ifon o f 300 Men, under a K ilid a r ,
or Cadellan, who has 200 R e u s e s a
Month Pay, aflten’d him out o f certain
Villages. It facing a Place held upon
Oath, he may not upon any Account go
out of the Gate.
The lower Fort, and Country depend-
ing on it, taken from S a v a g i by the
Great M o g u l, is govern’d as was faid
by a S a b a , or General o f the Field, who
receives the Revenue o f above 700 Vil-
lages, being therefore oblig’d to Main-
tain a certain Number o f Soldiers 3 fo
that he Dreins the poor Country People,
making a few Cottages fometimes pay
Thoufands o f Roupies.
A il Indian M o n d a y 7th, I faw the difinal Spefta-
woman c[e 0f a Wretched P a g a n Woman, the
B-th t Kindred of her dead Husband had ob-
Husband tain’d at the Price o f great Prefents from
the S a b a , to be Burn’d with the dead
Body, according to their wicked un-
merciful Cuftom In the Afternoon the
Woman came oat well Clad, and adorn’d
with Jewels, as if fhe had gone to be
Marry’d, withMulick playing, andSing-
ing. She was attended by the Kindred
o f both Sexes, Friends, aud B ra c b m a n
Prieffs. Being come to the Place ap-
pointed, fhe went about undaunted, ta-
king Leave of them all 3 after which fhe
was laid all along, with her Head on a
Block, in a Cottage twelve Spans iquare,
made o f final! Wood wet with Oil, but
bound to a Stake, that fhe might not
run away with the fright o f the Fire,
Lying in this Poflure, chewing B etelle,
fhe ask’d o f the Standers by, whether
they had any Bufinefs by her to the 0-
ther World 3 and having receiv’d feve-
ral Gifts, and Letters from thofe Igno-
rant People, to carry to their dead
Friends, fhe wrapp’d them up in a Cloth,
This done, the B ra c b m a n , who had been
Encouraging o f her, came out o f the
Hut, and caus’d it to be Fir’d 3 the
Friends pouring Velfels of Oil on her,
that Ihe migiic be the fooner reduc’d to
Allies, and out o f Pain. F ran cis d e
M ir a n d a told me, That as foon, as the
Fire was out, the B racbm an s would go
gather all the melted Gold, Silver, and
Copper. This barbarous Adlion was
perform’d a Mile from F o n d a .
A pannick When I return’d to my Tent, the
Fear. Camp had a falfe Alarm, on account o f
one M o o r ’ s cutting of another’s Nofe.
Some G en tils fled upon the Mountains,
and fo did M ir a n d a , leaving all he had
behind, and 1 endeavouring to perfwade
■ . ; ' , ■
■ ■
<8 L
Book 11.
him to flay, he anfwer’d, lie nmfl do as
the reft did. Taking my Gun, Powder
and Ball, 1 flood undei a T ree to de-
fend my felf. M i r a n d a s Cook in the
mean while Laugh’d at his Mafter’s Cow-
ardice, faying, W h a t a b r a v e S o ld ie r the
Mogul h a s, to allow him tw o Roupies a n d
a h a l f a D a y : I f be flie s now no B o d y
purfues, w h a t w ill be do when be fe e s an
E n em y ? Here 1 faw them drink the Juice
o f an Herb they call B a n g b e , which,
mix’d with Wacer, flupifies like Opium .
T o this purpofe they keep it in Glafs-
Bottles o f a violet Colour, made on the
Mountains of ill the,Mg«/’s T e r -
ritories, and in C hina.
. There being no other conveniency of
Carriage all the way I was to go, but
on Oxen, 1 Bought a Horfe at F o n d a for
fixty Roupies. Having got a Pals from
the B a c h e i, that I might not be flopp’d
by the Guards on the Frontiers 3 and
leaving my Gun to be fern to G o a , that
1 might not be made Prifoner by S a v a -
gPs Men, 1 let cm on T tu fd a y 8ch, and
Travelling eight Miles came to C h ia m -
pon, a Village o f a few Mud Houfes,
with a Fort o f the fame fort. Here I
caus’d fome Meat to be Drefs’d, but
my Porter going about to take a Fig-
Leaf to make ufe of inftead o f a Dilh,
after the manner o f In d ia , the Heathen
Woman to whom the Fig-Tree belong’d,
and the reft o f the People# who came
to her Affiflance, made fuch a Noife,
that we were forc’d to depart. We
Travell’d through Woods, as we had
done before, and at laft getting out of
them, crofs’d over an Arm o f the Sea
in a final] Boat, and entred the T erri-
tory o f a P a g a n Prince call’d S a n d e -k ira -
n i- k a r a ja , Lord of fome Villages among
the Mountains, but Tributary and Sub­
jedt to the Great M o g u l, being oblig’d
to Serve him in his Wars. _ A t the end
o f two C ojfes ( each Coffe is two Ita lia n
M iles) we lay at the Village of K a k o re ,
conlifting o f a few Cottages under the
Arch o f a Paged. A t the Upper end of
it, under a final] Cupula, was a thing like
a Chamber-Pot of Copper, on a Stone
Pedeftal, with a Uizor like a Man’s Face
of the fame Metal nail’d to it. Perhaps
it might be an Urn containing the Allies
of fome Hero o f theirs. In theniidft
o f the little C upula hung a Una 11 Bell,
and without many final! Lights.
A t Night, Troops o f Monkeys came
leaping from one Tree to another 3 and
fome o f them with their young Ones fo
cjofe hugg’d under their Belly, "that tho’
we threw many Stones at them, we
could
1 W
III
Lnap. I. Of I N D O S T A N .
fV A / 1 could not fetch down one ; iior did they
Gemelli. fly any further than from one T re e to a-
1695- mother. T h e Inhabitants o f thefe Vil-
< /W lages being for the molt part Gentils
(for in India there is fcarce a Mahome-
tan among fifty Men, they feed them and
take care they fhall not be k ill’d ; fo that
being grown Tam e they walk fam iliarly
in the Villages and even in the Houfes.
T here are fuch incredible Stories told o f
thefe Creatures, that it is no wonder
fome blind Philofophers fhould allow
Beaftsfom e fort o f underltanding. All
the G yres and Blacks along the Coalt o f
Mozambique in A ; rick are o f this Opini-
on, laying they do not Ipeak, becaufe
they w ill not work.
A story of In the Kindora o f Canara a Baboon
aBaboon. taking a kinduefs to a W om an, did fo
infelt her Father’s Houfe, breaking all
he found in i t ; that not knowing what
to do, they atlalt permitted him to have
carnal Copulation with her, and ever af-
ter to have free accefs to her. A Porta-
gm ft hapned to pafs by that way, and lie
at N ight in the Pagan's Houfe, where
feeing a great Baboon come in, and make
fuch a dilturbance, he inquir’d into the
meaning o f it. T h e young Woman’ s
Father anfwer’d with a ligh, T his Crea-
ture has taken away my Daughter’s ho-
nour, and makes all this noife when he
does not find her at home. T he Porta-
guefe reply’d , W hy do you not kill it ?
T h e Pealant laid he was a Gentil, and
that the Queen being o f the fame R eligi-
on would puuilh him feverely fhould he
do it. T h e Pormguefe without making
more W ords o f it, waited till the Beall
came in, and (hot it, and the Idolater be-
Ing afraid to be punifh’d, he carry’d it
him felf out o f the Cottage and bury’d it.
T h e PortHguefe was requited for this
kindnefS with a great quantity o f Rice,
as he him lelf told me fifteen Years after
it bapned.
Another. E Canjin writes that a Ship being caft
away on the Cape o f Good Hope, foon
afcer India was difeover’d by the Fortic-
guefes, a Woman holding fait by a Plank,
was drove by the Sea upon an Ifland.
T h ere a Baboon had to do with her,and
maintan’d her fo r a longtim e in a Cave
with what he found abroad, fo that af-
ter Ibme Years he had two young Ones
by her. A Ship afterwards hapning to
touch there, the wretched Woman by
figns call’d for help and was deliver’d
but the Baboon returningaad finding Ihe
was far from the Shore was fo enrag’d,
that it took the two young Morifters and
kill’d them in her fight.
‘® I 1'- "* > 1
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'V'". 't-idy , "■ ■ ■ *'
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Ip
It is well known that a Woman in A third,
B ru u l having had to do with a Baboon,
and conceiving, Ihe was deliver’d in due
feafon o f a Child with all the Limbs o f a
Man, but hairy, and tho dumb it did all
it was commanded. T h e Dominicans
and Jefuits had hot dilputes about this
Creature whether it ought to be Baptiz’d
or not, and atlalt they concluded in the
Negative, becaufe begot by an irrational
S i i e ; and that had the Father been a
Man, and the Dam a Baboon it might
have been Baptiz’d.
D . Antony Machado de Brito, Admiral foUrth
o f the Portaguefe Fleet, iq India told m e,
that one o f thefe Creatures continually
troubling him, and breaking all it found
in the Kitchin, he once to be even with
it, order’d a Coco-nwt to be put upon the
F ire, which fort o f Fruit the Monkies
are molt greedy of, and hid himfelf to
fee how that Beall would take it with-
out burning his Paws. T h e cunning
Creature coming at the ulual hour and
finding its beloved Food on the Fire,
look’d about and feeing a Cat by the
Chimney held her Head in his Mouth,
and made u feo f her Paws to takeoff the
Cerv-nut, and then cooling it In W ater,
Eat i t ; the Portuguese laughing to fee
the Cat mewing about all D ay with the
Pain it had been put to.
T h e Monkeys being lb greedy o f Coco- Wow tj,e„
nuts has taught the Indians how to catch takeMon-
them. T hey make a hole in the Shell, keys*
into which the Monkey runs its Paw, and
not being able to fetch it out full o f the
N ut, rather than.quit the hold it fuffers
itle lf to be taken by thofe that lye in.
wait for them. Nor is- that true which
is repotted, that if one o f them be kill’d
in the Field the relt will fall upon him
that kill’d it •, for when I made one fall,
the relt fled.
Wednefday 9th, I fet out through thick
W oods, and travelling eight Cojfes came
to the foot o f the Mountain o f Balagatit
where l found the Guards and other Cu-
Horn - Houfe - Officers 1b fond o f other
Mens Goods, that they took twelve Rou-
pies for two firings o f Pearls. Having
climb’d the Mountain for eight Miles a-
mong dreadful thick W oods, I came to
the fecond Guard and Cultom -Houfe,
where they took a Roupie without exami-
ning further. There being no dwelling
to be found, 1 lay all Night in thethick-
elt part o f the Wood (wherein India
differs from Perfia, which is bare o f T re e )
after travelling twelve Coffes, that is
twenty four Indian Miles,
Thurfi
% ,; . , -S ;;'v■ \ ,''w
\
'"m
 - ’
2^2 ^ Voyage round the W O R L D.
Thurfday ioth, the Rofrffrf fet out three
Gemelli. Hours before D ay, and I went along
16 9 $. wich it for the more fafety. T his Boja-
L / 'W J ta wasa Caravan o f above three hundred
A Cara- Qxen loaded with Provifions for the
o n° f Camp at Galgald. T he W oods we pafs’d
° Xen‘ through abounded in Fruit, quite diffe-
rent from any in Europe. T here were
fome not unpleafanf, and among the reft
one fort they call Gulard, which tafts
like an European wild F ig , and Grow s
and Ripens without any Bloflom at the
Body o f the T ree. That Day I faw fome
wild Hens, which I had never feen before,
with a Creft and Feathers that inclin’d
to black. A t firft I thought they had
been tame, but was afterwards unde-
ceiv’d, there being never a Houfe for
many Miles about. Having travell’d
fourteen Cojfesy we came two Hours be-
fore Sun fet to the Village o f Bombnali,
belonging to the fame Prince K ira n i;
where tho’ there was a Guard call’d Chi-
aruci, they took nothing o f m e ; perhaps
becaufe the Chief o f it was not fo Barba-
rous as the reft.
T h e Road I travell’d on Friday n t h ,
was through more open W oods in which
there were Iron Mines. Having gone
eight Cojfes we came to the Village o f
chiam kan, where there was a Market
and Cuftom-Houfe kept by the Gentils,
who fearch’d my Luggage. I lay four
Cojfes further at Sambrani. In this place
relides the aforemention’d Prince Sonde-
Kirani-karaja in a Fort made o f Earth,
encompafs’d with Walls feven Spans high,
T h e Village is nothing better than the
reft o f that T erritory, but it has a good
Market or Bazar. T h e Prince makes
three Leeches o f Roupies, that is 180000
Neapolitan Crowns a Year o f this only
V illa g e ; by which the Reader may judge
how cruelly the Idolaters and Mabome-
tans opprefs the People with heavy
T axes.
Setting out late on Saturday 12th , af-
ter four Miles travel we came into the
Mogul's T erritories. Having pafs’d the
Prince Kiranis laft Guards on the Road,
I refted till Noon near the Fort o f the
T o w n o f J l c a l ; but being ready to fet
forwards was inform’d, the Road I was
to go was infefted with Robbers, and
therefore I refolv’d to flay for the Bojata.
A t this place there was a Pagod, and in
it an Idol with a human Body, but the
Face o f a Monkey, and a vaft long T a il
winding about to the top o f its Head,
with a little Bell hanging at the end o f
it. One Hand was on its fide, and the
other lifted up as it were to ftrike. T h ey
i . , ,
•
<SL
Book 11.
call it the Animating Monkey, becaufe
according to the fabulous Traditions o f
thofe People, heonce fought with much
Bravery. W hen I perceiv’d no Body
took notice o f me, I us’d to break all the
Idols that came in my way ; efpecially
thofe the Peafants, that conducted the
Bojat a,carry'd hanging about their Necks,
wrapp’d up in a Cloth, which were o f
Stone, illlhap’d, and weighing 2 Pounds,
Sunday 13th , I fet out four Hours be-
fore Day with the Caravan o f Oxen, and
at the end o f fix Cojfet came to Kancre a
Village confifting o f a few Houfes, where
I Din’d. T hen I went five long Cojfes
further and lay at the Village o f Etchiy
which tho’ made up o f Cottages has ex-
cellent Land for T illage and Sport; the
Stags and other Game feeding about
tamely.
Monday 14th, fetting out early with
another Bojata, at the end o f five Cojfes
all the w ay a fertile Soil, I flopp’d at T ik-
li a fmall T ow n defended by a Fort o f
Earth, and after Dinner proceeded to
the little Village o f Onor.
Tutfday 1 5 t h , I travell’d five Cojfes
through a Country full o f green and de-
lightful T rees to Mandapur, a City made
up o f Mud Houfes and enclos’d with a
low W a ll; but has a good Fort o f Lime
and Stone on a Hill. A fter Dinner I
went two Cojfes further to Betche a W all’d
T o w n , where I lay.
It is far different travelling through Ba(j travel
the Mogul's Country, than thro* Perjia i;ng in /*-
or Turkyy for there are no Beafts for car- die.
riage to be found, nor Caravanferas at
convenient diftances, nor Provifions;
and what is worfe there is no fafety from
Thieves. He therefore that has not a
Horfe o f his own mult mount upon an
O x, and befides that inconveniency, mult
carry along with him his Provifion and
Utenfils to drefs i t ; Rice, Pulfe and
Meal being only to be found in great
T ow ns inhabited by the Mogulftans: A t
N ight the d ear Sky will be all a Mans
covering, o r e l f e a T r e e . Add to all
this the great Danger o f Life and Goods,
byreafonoftheExcurfions Savagi’s Soul-
diers make quite as far as the Camp at
Galgald. Befides, the Moguls themfelves
are fuch crafty Thieves, that they reck-
on a T ra v e lle r’ s Mony and Cloaths their
own ; and they w ill keep along with him
many D ays till his fecurity gives them an
opportunity to Rob him at their eafe.
Sometimes one o f them will pretend to
be a T ra v e lle r that is going the fame
w ay, and bears a Stranger company, that
he may Rob him with more fafety ; for
when
*
®! ■ *Sl
Chap. II. O /IN D O ST H
5V ,r P ,yjie.n,he ]yes down£0 fleeP the other ar-
CcrncUi, tificially lets down a noofc from the top
i ! 5 l* . 0t a J ree> and draw;!nS him UP a li££le
way flips down to dive into his Purfe.
Had. not very powerful Motives prefs’d
me forwards to fee the Court o f fo great
a King, I fhould not eafily have expos’d
tny felt to fo many Dangers and Hard-
fhips. ’T is true that excepting only this
ot Ffapor, which is continually harafs’d
with W ars, the other Kingdoms fubjed
to the Great Mogul are not lb inconveni-
ent for Travelling j efpecially about Sa-
***** and Amadabat, where necefiaries
for Life are to be had.
Eittr-Or n Wcdnefday i6th| having traveil’d three
J ty» f>ais’d through a Village call’d
Kodelh, whereat a dear rate I tailed ripe
Grapes of Europe • and three Ctjfts fur-
ther_ came to Edoar, the biggeft C ity I
law in that Ihort Journey. W ithin the
fn-ft enclofure ft has a Stone Fort ill Built,
and a Bazar 5 in the fecond a Fort with
r?. ~
a Garrifon and Houfes about ic made o f " ’
Mud and Straw. A ll the Merchants that
come from the fouthernParts to fell their
Goods life to Hay here, and afterwards
go over to the Camp at G a llia like
Retailers. When I pafs’d that wav
this C ity was actually infefted with the
Plague.
A fter Dinner I went five Coffes further
to the Tow n o f Muddol, feated on the
left hand o f a R iver, a matter o f great
Confideration on a Road where I forne-
times drank W ater muddy’d by the Cat-
tie. There is a Mud Fort, as are rhe
W alls o f the T ow n , nor do the Cotta-
ges o f the Natives deferve better Forti-
fications. As I was getting ofF my Horfe
I fell Fo violently upon my fide that l
could not breath for a quarter o f an
hour, and was in fome danger o f Death •,
I was ill o f it many Days after, tho’ I
Blooded, and us’d other Remedies,

CHAP. II.
The Author's A rriv a l at Galgala, where the G reat Mogul was Incamf d .

T
Harfday 17th, after Riding five Co/- fembler and Hypocrite, and never did
fes I pais’d through a W all’d T ow n as he laid,
call’d A tatw , and two Cofes further to Saturday 19th. I went to Gulalbar (fo
the Village of Galgald where the Mogul's they call the King’s Quarters) and found TheKing’*
Camp was. Crolling the River Kifcina the King was then giving Audience, but T uatters-
I came into the Quarters o f the Mahome- there was fuc.h a Multitude and ConfuGon
tans call’d Lafcaris, and fome Chriflian that I could not have a good light o f
Sonldiers of A gra entertain’d me. him. T he King’s and Princes Tents
Friday 1 8th, I went to the Chriflian took up three Miles in Compafs, and
Gunner’s Quarter to hear M afs, and were defended every way with Paiifa-
found a convenient Chappel o f Mud does, Ditches and five hundred Falco-
W alls, ferv’d by two Cmarine P rieib , nets. There were three Gates into them
maintain’d by the Catholicks. A fter one for the Aram or Women, and two
Mafs Francis Borgia by extraction a Fern- for the King and his Court.
tian but born at Dt-hli, invited me to his I was told the Forces in this Camp T. M
Houfe. He being Captain o f the Chrifti- amounted to 60000 Horfe, and 1000000 om p "
ans, an hour after caus’d two Mahome- F o o t, for whofe Baggage there were
tans that had made themfelves Drunk to 50000 Camels, and 3000 Elephants;
be cruelly beaten before me, bound to a but that the Sutlers, Merchants and A r-
Stake. When they were let loofe, they tificers were much more numerous, the
return’d him thanks for chaftizing them, whole Camp being a moving City con-
laying their Hands on the Ground firft, taining 500000 Souls, and abounding
and then oil their Heads, after theCoun- not only in Provisions, but in all things
try Fafhion. _ that could be defir’d. There were 250
1 hat fame Day the King put the Quc- Bazars or Markets, every Omrab, or
ilion to the Cafi, or Judge of the Law , General having one to ferve his Men.
whether i t was more for Gods fervice to In Ihort the whole Camp was thirty
go fight his Enemies to fpread the Maho- Miles about.
metan Se£t, or eife to go over to F ifa - Thefe Omrahs are oblig’d to maintain onuhs,
p°r to keep the Ramazan, or their Lent, a certain number o f Horfe and Foot at
T h e Cafi requir’d time to anfwer, which their own Expence; but the Mogul af-
pleas’d the Mogul, who was a great D if- figns them the Revenues o f Countries
V o l.IV . Gg aad
v l ' »

- - * . .- V ®
■

• ~ a t> s - ^
-------v
Hi
Q~2^ A Voyage round the
and Provinces, yvhilfl they continue in
Gemelli. that Poll:. Some o f them make a M il-
169%. lion and a half a Year o f thefe Giaghers,
or Feofs \ others lefs, according to the
dum ber o f Souldiers they are to main-
tain. But the Princes o f the Blood have
the befb, fome o f which are worth a
Million and a half o f Roupies a Month,
They are not only oblig’d to ferve in
W ar, but to attend the King at all
times, tho’ he only goes abroad to di-
vert him. T o this purpofe they all keep
Spies at Court, for upon every failure
a G ari is taken from them, which is
3900 Roupies, or lefs proportionably to
every Man’s Pay.
T h o ’ thefe Generals are in fo fair a
way to heap W ealth ; yet when they
are found faulty, as keeping a fmaller
Number of Souldiers than is their quota
they are Punilhed by pecuniary Mulfls.
And tho’ they lhould combine with the
Commiflaries that Muller them , it
would avail but little: Becaufe when
they dye the Exchequer is their H eir,
and only a bare fubfiftance is allow’d the
W ife, and for the Children they fay the
King will bellow more Riches on them,
than he did on their Father, whenfoe-
ver their faithful Services lhall deferve
it. Thefe Generals command every one
his own Troops, without being fubor-
dinate to another * only obeying a Lieu-
tenant of the Kings, when he is not
there in Perfon, call’d Gium-Detol-Molk,
The Mo- who receives the King’s O rders, to
eui’s good communicate them to the Generals,
jfervice. Hence it is that they being lazy and un-
difciplin’d, go upon fervice when they
pleafe, and there is no great Danger,
Many French men belonging to the A r-
m y, told me it was a Plealure and D i-
verllon to ferve the Mogul, becaufe they
that will not Fight, or do not keep their
Guards are Subjedt to no other Penalty,
but lofing that days Pay, that they are
convidted o f having Trangrefs’d j and
that they themfelves did not value Ho-
nour much in the Service o f a Barba-
rous King, who has no H ofpitalfor the
wounded Men. On the other fide there
being no Prince in the W orld that pays
his Souldiers better, a Stranger that goes
into his Service foon grows Rich, ef-
pecially an European or Perfian-, but
once in, it is a very hard matter to get a
difeharge to go home to enjoy what is
got, any other way than making an ef-
cape. The Country not affording fo many
Horfcs as are requilite for fo great an
lorfes. A rm y, they bring them out o f Perjia,
and Arabia, fom eatiooo, or 2000 Ron-
<r
T o t
* ■ \
ft...,
<SL
WORLD. BookII.
fits purchafe, and the loweft at 400.
And becaufc no Barly grows in Indoflan
they give them four Pounds o f boil’d
Lentils a D ay, and in W inter they add
half a Pound of Butter, and as much Su-
gar, four ounces o f Pepper, and fome
dry Straw. With the Author’s leave, he
feems here to impofe upon the Reader, or be
him felf impos’d upon worfe than Tavernier
was with the Crabs.
It is allb a vaft expence to maintain Elephants,
fo great a Number o f Elephants j for
every one o f them Eats at leaft 14 0
Pounds o f Corn every day, belides
Leaves, Green Canes, Sugar and Pepper
fo that the King allows 7 Roupies a day
for every one. He has 3000 through­
out his Empire, and three General Ele-
phants. Each o f thefe has half a Mil-
lion o f Roupies allowance a Month which
are fpent in keeping 500 other Ele-
phants that are under him, and 200
Men that look to them. A t this time
there were but 500 belonging to the
King in the Field ; befides thofe belong-
ing to the Princes and Omrahs, who keep
fome 400, fome 200, and others more
or lels.
Sunday 20th, going to the T en ts o f the _
King’s£ldeftSon,whofe name wasScialam. Se^ “ *
1 found about 2000 Souldiers Horfe and
Foot drawn up, expecting the Prince,
who came from his Fathers quarters,
W aiting I faw his Son come out and
Mount a Florfe-back to go meet his Fa-
ther , as foon as he faw him he alight-
ed in token o f refpedt. Scialam was 65
Years o f Age, T all, and full Body’d,
with a thick long Beard, which began
to be G rey. Having fuch a T itle to the
Crown, many Thoufands o f the Soul-
diersare o f his Fadtion; who being im-
prifon’d, continu’d refolute, refufing to
receive any other Pay, notwithftanding
he reliev’d them but meanly,
Monday 2 1ft, by the meansofa Chri-
Hian o f A gra, and an Eunuch his Friend TheKing’s
I had the Fortune to be admitted to Quarters,
a private Audience o f the King. In \
the firfl Court o f the King’s Quarters,
which had two Doors, in a large T ent
I faw Kettle-Drums, Trumpets eight
Spans lo n g , and other Inllruments,
which ule to found at certain Hours o f
the D ay and Night, according asocca-
lion requires; and that day made their
noife before Noon. There was alfo a
Gold Ball between two G ilt Hands, hang-
ing by a Chain 3 the King’s Enfign,
which is carry’d on the Elephants, when
they March. I pafs’d on into the fecond
Court, and then into the Royal Tents,
and
%

~Chap 11. Of IN D O S T AN.
and King’s Apartments, adorn’ d with
Gemelli. Silks and Cloth o f Gold. Finding the
1695. King in one o f thefe Rooms, fitting af-
ter the Country manner, on Rich Car-
pets, and Pillars Embroider’d with Gold,
Having made my Obeifance after the
Mogul Fafhion, 1 drew near, the fame
Chriftian being my Interpreter. He
ask’d me o f what Kingdom o f Europe
I was, how long I had been come thence,
where I had been, and what I came to
his Gamp for, whether I would ferve
him, and whither- I defign’d to go ? I
anfwered accordingly, that I was a
Neapolitan, and came thence two Years
before; during which time I had feen
tSErypt, the Grand Signior’s Dominions,
ancf the Perjian Monarchy, that I was
now come into his Camp, only out
o f curioiity to fee the greatefl: Monarch
in J fia , as his Majefty was, and the
Grandeur o f his Court and A rm y.; that
I ihould have reckoned it a great Ho-
nour to ferve him, did not affairs o f the
greatefl: Importance call me home, after
feeing the Empire o f China. He then
ask’d me concerning the W ar betwixt
the Turk and European Princes in Hun-
gory, and having anfwer’d to the belt of
my Knowledge, he difmifs’d me, the
time o f the Publick Audience drawing
near. I return’d into the fecond Court,
enclos’d with painted Calicoes, ten
Spans high all about. Here on the fide
next the King’s apartment, the Tent to
give Audience in, was fupported by two
great Poles, being cover’d op the out-
fides with ordinary red Stuff, and with
finer within, and final] Taffeta Curtins,
Under this T ent was a fquare place,
rais’d four Spans above the Ground,
enclos’d with filver Banifters, tw o Spans
high, and cover’d with fine Carpets.
Six Spans further in the middle was ano-
ther place rais’d a Span higher, at the
Angles whereof there were 4 Poles,
cover’d with filver reaching to the top
o f the Tent. Here flood the Throne,
which was alfo fquare, o f gilt W ood,
three Spans above the reft ; to get up to
it there was a little filver Footftool.
On it there were three Pillows o f Bro-
cade, two to ferve on the fides, and one
at the back. Soon after the King came
leaning on a Staff forked at the top, fe-
veral Omrahs and abundance o f Cour-
tiers going before him. He had on a
white Veft ty’d under the right A n n,
according to the fafhion o f the Maho-
metans, to diftinguifti them from the
Gentils, who tye it under the left. T he
(lira or Turbaac o f the fame white fluff,
Vol. IV.
til
§l:
..... " YT
was ty’d with a Gold W eb, on which an
Emeraud o f a raft bignefs, appear’d a-
midll four little ones. He had a Silk
Safh, which cover’d the Catan or Indian
Dagger hanging on the left. His Shooes
were after the Moorijh’ Fafhion, and his
Legs naked without Hofe. T w o Ser-
vanes put away the Flyes, with long,
white Horfe-taiis ; another at the fame
time keeping o ff the Siln, with a green
llmbrello. He was o f a low Stature,
with a large Nofe, Slender, and ftoop-
ing with Age. The whiteijefs o f his
round Bear’d , was more viiible on his
Olive colour’d Skin. When he was
feated they gave him his Scimiter, and The m°‘
Buckler, which he lay’d down on his £? 1 | ,Tes
left, fide within the Throne. Then he made ve*
a M i with his Hand for thofe that had
bufiuefs to draw near; who being come
up, two Secretaries Handing, took their
Petitions, which they deliver’d to the
King, telling him the Contents. I ad-
mir’d to fee him Indorfe them with his
own Hand, without Spectacles, and by
his chcarful fouling Countenance feerri
to be pleas’d with the employment,
In the mean while the Elephants were Review of
review ’d, that the King might fee what thenle-
condition they were in, and whether phants,
the Omrahs, they were committed to,
manage them well. When the Comaccia
(that is he who rides them) had unco-
ver’d the Elephants Crupper, for the
K in g to view it, he made him turn his
Head towards the Throne, and ftrik-
ing him on it three times, made him
do his Submiflion as often, by lifting
up and lowering down his Trunk.
Then came SciaUm s Son and Grandfon,
who having twice made their Obeifance
to the K in g, each time putting their
Hand to the Ground, on their Head,
and on their Breaft, fate down on the
firft floor o f the Throne on the left.
Then Az.am-Stia the King’s Son coming
in, and making the fame fubmiflions, he
fate down on the fecond Step, which we
faid was rais’d above the other. Thefe
Princes wore iilk Vefts with Flowers o f
feveral Colours, Gras adorn’d with pre-
cious Stones, Gold Collars, Jewels,
rich Safhes, Scimiters ,► and Bucklers
hanging by their fides. Thofe that were
not o f the Blood Royal, made three
Obeifances.
On the right Hand without the Tent,
flood 100 Musketiers and more Mace-
bearers, who had Clubs on their Shoul-
ders with filver Globes at the Ends.
Thefe were clad in Cloth o f feveral
colours. There were alfo feveral Por-
Gg 2 ters
% ft> |
1(1)1
■G
<W\
/ f> —
' ■ . \ ■ s " ■
236 A Voyage round the W O R L D.
ters with Staves in their Hands, that no
Gemelli. Perfon might go in without being intro-
i 6 v 5. duc’d.
O ^ Y "U On the left o f the T en t were the
Royal Enfigns held up on Spears by nine
Perfons, clad in Veits o f crimfon V el-
vet, all adorn’d with G old, and with
wide Sleeves, and [harp Collars hanging
down behind. He that Hood in the
middle held a Sun; the two on his fides
two gilt Hands ■, next them Rood two
others, each holding two Horfes T ails
dy’d Red. T h e other four had the
Spears cover’d, fo that there was no fee-
ing what they held. W ithout the en-
clofure o f the Royal T en ts, feveral
Companies and Troops o f Horfe and
Foot Hood at their Arms j and Elephants
with vail Standards, and Kettle-Drum s
on them, which were beaten all the
CHAP.
The Artifices, and cruel Prattices o f the M ogul now Reigning, to pojfefs
kim felf o f the Empire.
E
xperience has iong fince made it
Notorious enough, that the SucceR
lion o f this great Monarchy rather de-
pends on Force than R ig h t; and that,
( if it lo happen, that the Sons expedt
their Father’s Death) they at lalt D e-
termin the T itle o f Birth-right by the
Event o f a Battle •, but this Mogul we
have fpoken of, added Fraud to Force,
by which he deltroy’d not only his Bro-
thers, but his Father.
sch-ge- When Scia-gthan had R eign’d forty
hm, Fa- Years, more like a Father than a K in g,
ther to being at the A ge o f feventy Years, fit-
Aurevge ter for anything than L o v e ; he became
defperately Amorous o f a M oorifi young
Woman. His unruly Palfion prevailing,
he gave himfelf up fo entirely to her,
beyond what became his A g e, that be-
ing reduc’d to extream Weaknefs, and
defpairing o f his R ecovery, he Ihut him-
le lf up for three Months in the A ram ,
without (hewing himfelf to the People,
according to Cuflom. He had fix Chil-
dren •, four o f them Sons call’d, D ara,
or Darius j the fecond Sugiah, that is,
valiant Prince the third Aurenge Zeb,
that is, Ornament o f the Throne, and
the lad M orad Bakfce. T h e two Daugh-
ters were Begum Saheb, that is, fupream
Princefs; and Raufenora_Begum, that is,
lightfom Princeis, or Light o f PrinceR
Fes. They take thefe Names, becaufe
J
<SL
^
■ i .■ • : v' *
Book II.
time. W hen the Audience was over,
the K ing with-drew in the fame Order
he came o u t; fo did the Princes ; forne
getting into Falankines, and others J
mounting [lately Horfes, cover’d with •
Gold and precious Stones. T h e Om-
rahs, who had Rood all the while, re-
turn’d alio to their T ents, follow’d by
many Elephants, lome with Seats on
them, and fome with Colours flying, and
attended by two T ro o ps o f Horfe, and
two Companies o f Foot. T h e Cattual, '
who is like a Provolt-Marlhal againlt
T hieves, rode with a great Trum pet
o f green Copper, eight Spans long, car-
r y ’d before him by a Moor a-foot. T hat
foolilh Trum pet made me Laugh ; be-
caufe it made a Noife much like that
our Swineheards make, to call together
their Swine at Night.
III.
there being no T itles o f Earldom s,
Dukedoms, or the like, as is us’d in
Europe \ they cannot like our Princes
take the Name o f thole Lands, for they
all belong to the K in g, who gives all
thofe that Serve him Aflignments at
Pleafure, or Pay in ready Mony. For
the fame Reafon the Omrahs Names are
fuch as thefe, thofe that follow, Thun-
dercr, breaker o f T roops, faithful Lord ,
the W ife, the Perfect, and the like. 4
Scia-gchan feeing his Sons M arry’d, H d
grown Powerful, afpiring to the Crown, vides his
and confequently Enemies to one ano- Sons.
ther, and in fuch a Condition that it Bernier
was impoflible to Ihut them <up in the Revolution
inaccelTible Fortrefs o f Govallor, accord- des eflats
ing to the antient Cultom, after much du G- M°- '<
thinking, for fear they Ihould kill one TT f
another before his Face, he refolv’d to P
remove them from Court. He fent Sul- ;
tan Sugiah into the Kingdom o f Bcngda \
Aurenge Zeb into that o f D ecan; M o-
rad Bakfce into Guzjiratte, and to D ara
he gave Cabal and Multan. T h e three
firlt went away well pleas’d, and acted
like Sovereigns in their Governments ;
keeping to themfelves all the Revenues,
and maintaining Armies under Colour
o f awing the Subjects, and bordering
Princes. D ara, being the Eldelt, and
defign’d for Empire remain’d at Court,
where the Father feeding him with hopes
of
11# <SL
_____ o f YN D Q S T A N. 237
< \A /I o f the C row n, permitted all Orders to On the other fide, Atuenge Z eb fent
' Gemelli, pafs through his Hands, and allow ’d him his Son Sultan Mahmud, Son-m -Law to
16 9 5. a Throne below his own among the the King o f Golconda, to Em ir Gernia,
W 'd Omrakt ; for having offer’d to refign up who lay by Order o f Saah-gehan, at
the Government to him, D ara refus’d ic the Siege o f Kaliana, to defife him to
out o f Refpedt meet him at D a u la -A b a d , ■ where he
They Arm T h e Report being fpread abroad up- would communicate a M atter o f great
againft on Stiah-gekati’s , p u ttin g him felf u p , Moment to him. T h e Em ir, who was
Wm* that he was D ead, his Sons immediate- well acquainted with Aurenge Z « b \ A r­
ty arm’d to contend for their Father’s tifices, excus’d himfelf, faying, his Fa-
Kingdom. T h e cunning Fo x Aurengc ther was not yet Dead 3 and that all
Z eb, whilft T hings were in this Confu- his Fam ily was left at A gra , in the
fion, that he might the better furprize Hands o f D ara, as Hoftages for his Fi -
his Brother, gave out, that he had no delity ; for which Reafcn he could not
Pretenfions to the C row n, but had cho- A flift him without the Ruin o f what
fen to become a Fachir, or Poor, to ferve he held moft dear. Having receiv’d this
G od in Peace. A t the fame time he A n fw er, Anrenre Zeb was no way dif-
w rit to his Brother M urad Bakfce ac- courag’d, but fent Saltan M azjtm , bis
quainting him that h i had always been fecond Son to the Em ir-, who manag’d
his real Friend, and had no Pretenlions Things lo well, that he perfwaded hint
to the Grown himfelf, being a profefs’d to go with him to Dolet A bad, with the
Fachir ; but that D ara facing unfit to Flow er o f his A rm y, he having made
R eign, and a fCafar or Id o la te r; and him felf Matter o f K aliana. A y edge
Sultan Sujah a Refefis, or Heretick, an Zeb receiv’d him with extraordinary
Aurenge Enemy o f his Fore-fathers R eligio n , Demonttrations o f AfFe&ion and Ho-
Artifices slid unworthy o f the C row n, he thought n o u r; calling him Baba, and Babagi,
none but M orad deferv’d it, to whom that is, Father, and Lord and Father;
a ll the Omrahs being acquainted with and after giving him an hundred Em -
his Valour would w illingly fubmit. As braces, taking him aiide he told him,
fo r himfelf, provided he would give him It was not reafonable that his Fam ily
his W ord , that when he came to the being in D W s Hands, he fhoitld ven-
T h ro n e, he would leave him in Peace tu r e to d o any thing for him Pu b lick ly;
to pray to God In fome corner o f the but that on the other Hand there was
Kingdom the reft o f his Days, he would no Difficulty but might be overcome. I
not only endeavour to affift him with will therefore propoie a Method to you,
his Advice, but would joyn his Forces faid he, which will not appear ftrange
with him to D eftroy his B ro th e r; in to you, when you think on the Safety
T oken whereof he Cent him 10 0 0 0 0 Ron- o f your W ife and Children ; which is,
f it s ; adviling him to come with all E x - that you permit me to Imprifon you,
pedition to make him felf Matter o f the which all the W orld will think is in
F o rt o f Suratte, where the T reafure was. Earned:, believing you are no Man that
M orad Bakfce, who was neither Power- w ill take it in jett, and in the mean
ful nor R ich, freely accepted his Offer while I w ill make ufe o f part o f your
and Mony, and began immediately to 7 'roops, o f your Gannon, “ and fome o f
Act like a King, prorniling great R e- your Mony, which, you have fo often
wards to tbofe that would fide with offer’d me, and w ill try my Fortune,
him ; fo that he rais’d a powerful A rm y T h e Em ir, either becaufe he was a fworn
in a fhort time. T hen giving the Com- Friend to Aarenge Zeb, or on account
mand o f 3000 Men to Scia-Abas, a va- o f the great Promifes he had made him
liant Eunuch, he fent him to Befiege the at other tim es; o r elfe by reafon he
Cattle o f Suratte. law Sultan M azum well arm’d Handing
D ara would have R eliev’d i t , but by him, and Sultan Mahmud looking op-
forbore it to attend his Father in his on him with a ftern Countenance; ftb -
Sicknefs, and curb Sultan Sugah, who mitted to all his W ill, differing him felf
after fubduing the Kingdom o f Bengalee, to be confin’d to a Room. T h e News
where he was Governour, was advanc’d being fpread abroad, his Men ran to
with powerful A rm y into the K in g- Arm s to R elate him, and being very
dom o f Labor. He fent his Eldeft Son numerous Would have done it had not
Soliman Scecur againft him with confide- Aurenge Zeb appeas’d them with fair
rable Forces ; who routed his Uncle, W ords, Promifes, and G ift s ; fo that
and drave him back into Bengala, and not only the Em ir1s Troops, but moft o f
leaving goodGarrifous on the Frontiers, SciahGehanh feeing Things mConfufion,
be went back to his Father D ara, " fidsd

«
■ ■ G° i x
® '
238 A Voyage round the W O R L D.
rv^ w O fided with him. Having therefore Pof-
Ccmciu. fefs'd himfelf o f the Em irs Tents, Ca-
J5o< . meis and Baggage, he march’d to take
C 'Y V Suratte-, but hearing within a few Days
that the Governour had already furren-
dred it to Mora A Bakfce, he fent to Con-
gratulatc with him, and tell him what
had hapned with Em ir Jem la -, what For-
ces and Mony he had * and what fecret
Intelligence at Court •, defiring him,
that fincc he was to go from Brampur
to Agra, he Ihould endeavour to meet,
and Confer with him by the way.
This fell out to his Mind, the two
Armies joyning with much Satisfa&ion.
Aurenge Zeh made Morad Bakfce frelh
Promifes, protefting over again that he
did not Afpire to the Crown ; but on-
ly come to help raife him to the Throne,
in Oppofition to Dara, their common
Enemy. T hey both mov’d towards
Brammr, where coming to a Battle with
the A rm y o f Sciah-cehan, and D ara,
Forces which came to hinder them palling the
defeated. River Ogene the Generals, Kafem and
Cham and Gefon-femhe were overthrown
by the Valour o f M orad, with the Slaugh-
ter of 8000 Ragivu’s.
Mmfeif M orad Bakfce flulh'd with the Succefs
routed. o f the Battle, coveted nothing but Fight-
ing • ufmg all poffible means to over-
take’ the Enemy , whilft Aurenge Zeb
grown vain, encourag’d his Soldiers,
giving out he had 30000 Moguls o f his
Party6 among Data's Forces. Having
taken fome R eft, they Fought the fecond
Battle at Samongber, where Morad Bak-
fee tho wounded by the General Ram-
fewhe-rmle, fighting Couragioufly kill’d
him. W hilft the Event o f the Battle
w as'ftill Dubious, the T raitor Calil-ul-
lah-kan, who Commanded 30000 M o-
mis with whom he might have routed
the5Enemy, did not only go over to
Aurenge Zeb, but falfly perfwaded D ara
to come down from his Elephant, and
get a Horfe-back, and this to the end
that the Soldiers not feeing him, might
fuppofe he was kill’d, and fo difmay ’em.
It fell out as he defign’d, for being all
feiz’d with Fear, they fled to efcape
renoe Zeb. Thus Dara on a fudden loft
the Vi&ory he had almoft gain’d, and
was overthrown ; and feeing himfelf
forfaken was forc’d to fly to fave his
Life. So that it may be faid, that A u -
renge Zeb, by continuing ftedfaft on his
Elephant, fecur’d to himfelf the Crown
o f Indofian and Dara was thrown out
o f the Throne by coming down from
his. A Diverfion Fortune often takes,
to make the greateft Viciories depend
7 UV
<SL
Book II.
on the moft contemptible Accident?.
The unhappy V ara returning to jig ra
in D efp air, durft not appear before
his Father, who, when he took his
Leave, had Paid to him, Be jure Dara
never to come into my Sight nnlefs FM o-
rious. Neverthelefs the good old Man
did not omit to fend to Comfort him,
and allure him of his Affedion.
Four Days after, Aurenge Zeh, and Aurenge
Morad Bakfce came to a Garden a finall Zeb comes
League from the Fort o f A gra ; and t0
thence fent an ingenious and trufty Eu-
nuch to pay their Refpeds to Saah-ge-
ban-, and to tell him they were very
much troubled at all that had hapned,
being compell’d to it by D ara's Ambi-
tio n ; but were moft ready to Obey his
Commands. Sciab-gehan, tho’ he well
knew how eager his Son was to Reign,
and that there was no trailing to his
fair W o rd s; yet Ihew’d a good Coun-
tenance to the Eunuch, defignmg to in-
trap Aurenge Zeh, without coming to
open Force, as was then proper to have
done. Bnt he, who was thorough skill’d
in all Frauds, took his Father in the
fame Snare •, for putting o ff the Vifit
from D ay to D ay, which had been a-
greed upon between them by the Eu-
nuch, fpent the mean time in gaining
the Affe&ions o f the Omrabs underhand,
When he thought Things were R ipe,
he fent his Eldeft Son Sultan Mahmud
to the Fort, on Pretence to fpeak to
Sciab-gehan from him. This bold young
Prince coming to the Gate, fell with
his Men that lay in readinefs upon the
Guards, and putting them to Flight,
went refolutely in, and made himfell
Mafter o f the Walls. Sciab-gehan per-
ceiving he was fallen into the Snare he
had laid for his Son, try’d to Bribe Sul-
tan Mahmud with the offer o f the Crown,
but he, without being mov’d, carry’d
the Keys o f the Fort to his Father,
who made the fame Governour Ekbar- j mprifons
kan, Governour o f it. He prefently his Father,
fhut up the old King with his Daughter
Begun Sabeb, and all the Women ; fo
that he could neither Speak nor W rite
to any Body, much lefs go out of his
Apartment. As foon as this was done,
all the Omrabs were oblig’d to make
their Court to Aurenge Zeb, and Morad
Bakfce, and to declare for the firft o f
them. He being now well Eftablilh’d,
took what he thought fit out o f the
King’s T rea fu re; and leaving his Uncle
Scia-hefi-kan Governour o f the C ity,
went away with Morad Bakfce in Pur-
fuit o f D ara.
T he l
, 4
id)
V^*>~— y$V
C h ^ IL 0/ I N D O S T A N.
(N-A-^) T h e D ay they were to fet out o f A -
Gemelli. gra, Morad Bakfce’s Friends, and parti-
i <595 * cularly his Eunuch Scia-Abas, told him,
i S s r s j That fince he was King, and Aurenge
Zeb himfelf gave him the T itle o f Ma-
jefty } he Ihould fend him againft D ara,
and ftay himfelf with his T roops about
A gra and Dehli. But he had fo much
Confidence in his Brother’s Promifes,
and in the mutual Oath o f Fidelity they
had taken to one another upon the A l-
coran that defpifing all good Counfel,
he fet out towards Dehli, with Aurenge
Zeb. " A t M aturas, four D ays March
from A g ra , his Friends again endea-
vour’d to Convince him, that his Bro-
ther had ill Defigns in his Head j and
advis’d him to forbear Viliting him, tho’
it were but that D ay upon pretence o f
Indifpofition •, but he continuing Incre-
dulous, and in a manner infatuated with
his fweet W ords, did not only go, but
ftaid to Sup with him. T h e falfe
Seifes Mo- W retch Ihew’d him all manner o f Kind-
railBukfce. Dels, even to the wiping o ff his Sweat
with his Handkerchief, always talking
to him as King, and giving him the T i-
tle o f Majefty •, but as foon as he law
him overcome by the Fumes o f Sciras,
and Cabal W ine, he arofe from T ab le,
and encouraging his Brother to carry on
the Debauch with M ircan, and other
Officers there prefent, went aw ay, as i f
he had gone to take his Reft. M orad
Bakfce, who lov’d Drinking, making
himfelf Drunker than he was, at length
fell afleep \ which was what Aurenge
Zeb expeded, in order to take away
his Scimiter, and Gemder, or Dagger.
Then returning into the Room, he be-
gan to upbraid him in thefe W ords,
What a Shame, what a Difgrace is this l
for a King as you are to be fo Debauch"d,
as to make him felf thus Drunk ? What
will the World fay o f you, and o f me ?
Let this bafe M a n , this Drunkard be
bound Hands, and Feet, and jhut up to
Digeft his Wine. T his was immediate-
ly Executed, and M orad Bakfce"s Com-
manders being offended at his Impri-
fonment, Aurenge Zeb pacify’d them
with G ifts and Promifes, and took them
all into his Pay. His unfortunate Bro-
ther was lhut up in an Am bri, which is
a little wooden Houfe they fet on an
Elephant to carry W omen, and fo con-
vey’d to Dehli, to the little Fort o f Sa-
lemgher, feated in the middle o f the
R iver.
Having fecur’d M orad Bakfce, he pur-
fu’d D ara -, leaving Sultan Mahmud, and
Em ir Gemla to D eftroy Sultan Sujah.
~ 239
But Mahmud alpiring to thofe Things
he ought not yet to have aim’d at, and
being naturally Proud, fell at Variance
with Em ir Gemla, about commanding
in Chief, which he pretended to belong
to him alone ■, and now and then lec
flip fome W ords o f Contempt and
Threatning againft him, and l'uch as did
no: become a dutiful Son. Then fear-
ing that his Father on account o f his ill
Behaviour had given Orders to the E -
ntir to fecure him j he with-drew with
a few Followers to Sultan Sujah, making
him great Promifes, and fwearing to be
F a ith fu l; but he fearing fome Contri- T
vance o f Aurenge Zeb, and the Em ir, hTsmdeft
caus’d all his A&ions to be obferv’d ■, Son.
fo that Mahmud in a few Months re-
turn’d to the£»«V’s Camp. Others fay it
was a Projedf o f Aurenge Z eb's, to fend
him to his Uncle, to Ruin them both,
or at leaft a fpecious Pretence to make
fure of him -, becaufe afterwards, be-
fides the threatning Letters he w rit to
recal him to Dehli, he caus’d him to be
Arrefted upon the R iver Ganges, and
fent clofe lhut up in an Ambri to G ava-
leer.
Aurenge Zeb having perform’d this
W ork , fent to warn his other Son Sul-
tan Mazjtm to continue in his D uty,
unlefs he would be ferv’d in the lame
manner ■, becaufe it was a nice Point to
Reign, and Kings ought to be jealous
o f their own Shadows. Then going
to Dehli, he began to A£t as K i n g a n d
whilft the Em ir prefs’d Sugiah, who
made a brave Oppofition, fecuring the
Paflage o f the R iver Ganges, he con-
triv’d to get Dara into his Power by
Fraud, forcing him to quit Guzjiratte.
He made the Raja Gejfen Sanghe write a
Letter to tell him, he would lpeak with
him about a Matter o f great Moment
on the way to Agra. D ara, who had
gather’d an indifferent A rm y, unadvi-
fedly came out of A/ned-Abad, and ha-
fted to Afmire, eight Days Journey from
Agra. Here too late difcovering Gef-
fen Senghes Treachery, and feeing no
Poffibility o f returning fo foon to Amed
Abad, which was thirty four Days Jour-
ney diftant, in Summer, with Icarcity
o f W ater, and through the Hands o f
feveral R a ja\ Friends to Jejfem •, he at DtLrjt de.
laft refolv’d, tho’ he knew himfelf to be feated a-
inferior in Forces, to Fight him. In gain.
this Battle D ara was betray’d, not on-
]y by Scia-Navaz.ek.an, but by all his
Officers, who fir'd his Cannon without
Ball, lo that he was forced to fly to fave
his Life, and to crofs all the Countries
Qf
7A \ ,
III
040*” A Voyage round the VV O R L D.
r\« A ^ o o f Raid's there are from AJtnirs to Anted
Gemelli, A bad-, without Tents, or Baggage, in
1 <59V the hotteii Seafon, and with only 2000
{S ~ y ~ \j soldiers, who were molt o f them ftripp’d
by the Knllys, Peafants o f the Country,
who ar# the greateft Thieves in India.
Being come with fo much Difficulty
within a Day’s Journey o f .Amid Abad,
the Govemour, who was corrupted by
Aurenge Zeb, lent him W ord to come
110 nearer, for he would find the Gates
fhut. D ara much concern’d at this News,
and not knowing what to Refolve on,
he bethought him o f a powerful Patm ,
call’d Gien-Kan, wflofe li f e he had twice
fav’ d, when Scia-gcban had commanded
him to be call; to the Elephants for R e-
bellion. Him he purpos’d to repair to,
notwkhftanding his Son Sapefce-Kuh, and
his W ife’s DiilWafions. Coming thither
he was at firft Conrteoufly receiv’d but
the next Morning the falfe and ungrate-
ful Pat an fell upon him with many arm’d
M en, and killing Tome Soldiers that
came to his Affiftance, Bound him, his
W ife and Son, forcing all their Jewels,
Bctray’d* and Mony. T hen letting him on an
' ’ Elephant, with an Executioner behind,
who was to Kill him i f he attempted to
Efcape, lie conducted him to the Camp
at Tatababar, where he deliver’d him
up to the General M irbaba, who caus’d
him to be carry'd in the lame manner to
A gra, and thence to D thli. W hen he
was come to the Gate o f that C ity, A n-
remc Z e b , and his Council differ’d in
Opinions, whether they Ihould carry
him through the C ity, or not, in order
to fend him to Govaleor, and at laft it
was refolv’d to fet him fourvily Clad,
with his W ife and Son, on a pitiful
Elephant, and fo carry him through the
C ity, with the infamous Patan by him.
In the mean while Aurenge Zeb was in-
form’d, that all the C ity was Incens’d
againft him, on account o f his many
C ru elties; and mif-doubting the firft,
t e fummon’d his Council, to Determine
whether it was better to fond him to
Prifon, or put him to Death. Many
were o f the firft O pinion; bur B a ra ’s
old Enemies, efpecially Nakim B au d, a
Phyfitian, flattering the Tyrant’s Incli-
mtion, cry’d out aloud, it was conve-
nient for the fafety o f the K ingdom ,
that he Ihould Die, and the more be-
caufe he was no Mufulman, but a Kafer,
or Idolater. Aurenge Zeb readily com-
ply’d, immediately ordering that Sape-
fce-Kuh Ihould be carry’d Prifoncr to
Govaleor, and Dara put to Death by the
Hands o f a Slave, call’d N azar. He
' 1 V ; ' ,
<SL
Book 1L
going ill to Execute the barbarous C0111-
mand, Dura, who was htmfelf dreffing
feme Lentils for fear o f Poifon, fore-
feeing what was coming upon him, cry’d
out to his Son, See, he comes to K ill me.
Then taking a Kuchin Knife, he would
have defended him felf * but the Execu-
tioner fell on, and throwing him down,
cut off his Head, which was carry’d to
the Fort to Aurenge Zeb, and he order-
mg it to be put into a DiJh, walk'd it
with his own Hands, to be fure it was
his Brothers, and when he found it was,
began to Lament, laying, Oh unhappy
M an , take it cut o f my Sight, and let
it be B u rfd in the Tomb of Humagon.
A t Night he caus’d his Daughter to be
put into the Seraglio, and afterwards
fent her to Scia-gehan, and Begum Sa-
heb, whodelir’d i t j and Sapefce-Kuh was
carry’d to Govaleor. Cion-Kan was re-
warded for his Treachery 5 but was His Sou
kill’d in a Wood as he return’d home, four'd.
to prove that Men love the Treafon,
but hate the T raito r.
T here was none left o f B a rd ’s Fami-
* ly , but Soliman Scckuh, who was not ea-
lily to be drawn from Sertnagher, had
the Raja kept his W ord 5 but the un-
derhand Pra&ices o f the Raja Gejfm
Senghe, the Promifes and Threats o f A n -
renge Zeb, the Death o f B ara, and the
neighbouring Raja’s made him break his
Faith. Soliman underftanding he was
betray’d, fled over defort Mountains,
towards the Great Tibet, but the Raid’s
Son overcook, and flopp’d him, wound-
ing him with a Stone-, after which he
-was convey’d to JDehli, where he was
Ihut up in Salengheac, with M orad Bakfce,
not without Tears o f all the Omrahs.
Aurenge Zeb perceiving there were „ ,
Poems handed about in Commendation Bakfce
o f M orad Bakfce’s Valour, it rais’d fuch kill’d,
a jealoufy in him, that he prefently
contriv’d his Death. M orad, at the be-
ginning o f the W ar had kill’d one Sa­
jed , a very wealthy Man at Aimed A bad,
only to Seize upon what he had. T he
T yran t made his Sons appear in a full
Allernbly, and demand that Prince’s
Head, in Revenge for their Father’s
Death. N ot one o f the Omrahs op-
pos’d it, as well becaufe Sajed was of
Mahomet’s Family, as to comply with
the W ill o f Aurenge Zeb, whole Inven-
tion they knew that was. Accordingly
they were permitted without any mati-
ner o f Procefs to have Morad’s Head cut
off-, which was immediately perform’d
at Govaleor.
There
\ ’ ;
III ' §L
o ^ rn i of i n d o s t
There is now none left to oppofe A u-
Gemelli. rengc Zeb, but only Sultan Sujah, who
1 695. tho’ he held out fome time in Bengala,
T h 'V" l J yet was <at laft forc’d to fubmit to his
ef sultm Brother’s Power and good Fortune, for
Sujaht the Em ir Gcmla purfuing him with his
Forces into the Iflands the Ganges makes
near its Mouth, forc’d him to fly to Duke
the laid City o f Bengala on the Sea fide,
Here, having no Ships to commit him-
fe lf to the Ocean, and not knowing
which way to efcape \ he fent his eldeft
Son Sultan Aw dbfto the King o f Aracam
or M og, a heathen Prince, to pray him
to give him Prote&ion for the prefent
in hisCountry, and in the proper Seafon
a V eflll to carry him to Moka, he hav-
ing a mind to go to Mecca. T he King
o f Aracam prefently fent a number o f
Galeafles or half Galleys with Sultan
Bancbe, and a civil Anfwer as to the reft,
Sujah went aboard with his W omen, and
being brought to that K ing was well re-
ceiv’d*, but when the Seafon came he per-
form’d not his W ord o f furnilhing him
a Ship to go to M ecca} but appearing
every Day more cold to him, began to
complain that Sujah did not vilit him ,
and tho’ Sultan Bancbe often made his
Court with great Prefents, yet it avail’d
nothing. Then asking one o f Sultan
SujaWs Daughters in Marriage, and find-
ing Ihe was not immediately granted him,
the Barbarian was lo inrag’d, that he o-
blig’d the poor fugitive Prince to a<ft a
defperate Part. He thought with 300
Souldiers he brought from Bengala, and
the afliltance o f the Mahometans o f the
Country whom he had corrupted to
break into the Palace, kill all he found,
and make himfelf King o f A rracam ; but
the Day before he was to put this in Exe-
cution, the Defign was difcover’d, and
he oblig’d to fly towards Pegu to lave his
L ife, tho’ it was impoffibl&tp<come thi-
ther by reafon o f the vaft Mpujitains and
Forrefts he was to pafs through. T hat
fame Day he was overtaken by the King’s
Men, and tho’ he defended himfelf with
much Bravery, killing a great number,
yet lo many fell upon him, that at laft
he was forc’d to fubmit to his Fate. Sul-
tan Banche who was not gone fo fa r ,
made his defence too, but being hurt
with Stones, and encompafi’d on all fides,
was taken, with two little Brothers, a
Sifter and his Mother. As for Sultan
Sujah himfelf there are different A c-
counts} fome fay he was wounded on
the Mountains, only four o f his Men be-
ing left about him, and that an Eunuch
having drefi’d the Wound on his Head,
Vol. IV.
• ‘
i i :
he fled acrofs the Woods j others will
have it that he was found among the
Dead, but not perfectly known ; others
that he was afterwards feen at M ajhpa-
tan, others near Suratte; and others in
fine that he was fled towards Perfia; fo
that by realon o f thefe different A c-
counts, Aurenge Zeb one Day in jeft laid
that was turn’d Pilgrim. The'molt
receiv’d Opinion is that he dy’d in the
Fray, if he was not kill’d by Robbers,
or wild Bealls, o f which thofe Forre/ls
are full. Afcer this Difafter all his Fa-
mily was Imprifon’d, and the King took
his eldeft Daughter to W ife , but ano-
ther Confpiracy o f Sultan Bancbe being
afterwards difcover’d, he was lo inrag’d
that he caus’d them all to be put to
Death, even to her that was his W ife
and with Child. T h e Men were put to
the Sword, and the Women ftarv’d to
Death.
T h e unnatural W ar being thus at an _ ,,
end, after it had lafted through the am- ticeofl
bition ot Rule, among the four Brothers tAnhome-
from the Year 16 5 5 till 1660. Aurenge tan,
Zeb remain’d peaceable Poffeflbr o f that
vaft Empire $ for after lo much Blood
Ihed and fo many Enormities committed,
it was eafie to caufe himfelf to be declar’d
K in g with the confent o f all the great
Ones. T he greateft Obftacle he found
was the Grand Cadi who was to put him
in Pofleffion, and pleaded that according .
to the Law o f Mahomet and that o f N a-
ture, no Man could be declar’d K in g,
whilft his Father was yet liv in g ; much
lels Aurenge Zeb, who had put to death
his elder Brother D ara, to whom the
Crown belong’d after the Death o f his
Father Scia-gehan. T o overcome this
difficulty he aflembled the D o & o rso f the
L aw , and told them, that as for his Fa-
ther he was unfic to Rule by reafon o f
his A ge •, and for his Brother Daras’s
Death he had caus’d him to be executed
fo r contemning the L a w , by drinking
W ine, and favouring Infidels. Adding
Threats to thefe Realbns he made the
Mahometan Cafuifts agree, that he de-
ferv’d the Crown and ought to be de-
clar'd King. T h e Cadi Hill oppofinghim,
he was depos’d and another put in his
Place, who for the kindnefs receiv’d con-
fented to all that was requir’d o f him.
Aurenge Zeb accordingly coming to the
Mofchon the 20th, o f October 1660. feat- -durengc
ed himfelf on the richeft Throne that
ever was feen in the W orld, being the
fame that was begun by Tamerlan and fl­
nifh’d by Scia-gehan, receiving there
the Homage o f all the great Men* as is
H h the
7
III
242 /5 fVoyage round ike W O R L D.
r v A - 'i the cuftom o f the Country. Afterwards
Gcmelli. there was great rejoy ring atjcban abat
1 <595. and throughout all the Kingdom.
< Attrcngc-Ztk coniidcring the hcinouf-
His Pe* nefs of the Grimes he had committed for
nance. the com jailing o f his Ends ; voluntarily
impos’d on hitnfelf a rigorous Abftinence,
noc to eat for the future any W beaten-
Bread, Fifli, or Fldh and to live upon
Barley-Bread, Rice, Herbs, Sweetmeats
and fuch things nor to drink any fort
of Liquor hue W ater.
Tsreprovd Amhaftklors from the prime Princes
by the of Afia and Africk came to his Court to
King of Congratulate his Acceffion to the Crown-,
Pe;;u. but he was much offended at the L.etter
fent him by the King o f Perga, upbraid-
ing him with the Murder o f B ard, and
Imprifonment of Seiah-Gehan, as being
Aftions unworthy a Mujulman, aad the
Son and Brother o f a Mufulmanj and re-
Hefting on him for the T itle he had af-
Rim’d o f Alem-Guire, that is, Lot d o f the
W orld, concluded challenging him in
tbefe W ords, Since you are Alem -Guire,
v 1 fend you a Sword and Horfes that we
may meet.
Sciih Ge. Sciah-Gehav dy’d in the Fort o f A gra
ban dies about the end o f the Year 1666. and A n-
Tavern. 1. re/gc Zeb, who had long wifh’d to be
2-P -252 deliver’d from that continual Reproach
o f his Tyranny, went thither imtnedi-
ately to lecurc all his Father’s jew els,
He receiv’d his Sifter Begum-Sabeb into
favour, becaufe fhe having an influence
over her Father, being his W ife and
Daughter, had preferv’d to him fo many
jewels o f incredible value, when Sciah-
Geban offended that he had fent for them
whilft he was liv in g , to adorn the
Throne he had ufurp’d, wasabout tore-
duce them to Powder in a Mortar. Be-
hides (he had given him much Gold, and
fec out the ‘M ofcb he went into before his
cutting the Fo rt, with rich Carpets.
She was afterwaids carry’d in honoura-
ble manner to Jchanabat, and there dy’d,
with fufpition of being Poifon’d.
if we now look back into the Life o f
Sciab-Gehan , we fhall find that he was
- u ice‘ punifh’d by the Hand o f God as he had de-
ferv’d, for the wrong he had done his
Nephew Bulaki, ufurping the Crown
fiom him.
, , , Gebangbir King of India Son o f A c-
bm vcV aiK' Grandfon o f Humagm, after
ufurnej. having reign’d twenty three Years Peace-
ably, was diiturb’d by the Ambition o f
his Sons, who thought that life lafted
too long, which obftru£ted their getting
into Power. Thfe Eldeft rais’d a rnigh-
ty Arm y about Labor to pofiefs his Fa-
<SL
BookIL
ther’s Throne before it was bis D u e; the
King to puniih his Prefurnption march’d
againft him with numerous Forces, and
defeating his Troops, brought him away
Prifoner with thofe great Men that had
efpous’d his Caufe. But being o f a mer-
ciful Difpofition and unwilling to imbrue
his Hands in the Blood o f his Son, whom
he could not but love, he was iatisfy’d
with holding a Red hot Iron to his Eyes,
and keeping him in that Condition about
him ; defigning to raife his Son Sultan
Bulaki to the Throne. But Sultan Curom,
who afterwards took the Name o f Sciah
Geban, believing that he as fecond Son
to Gehan Gbir, ought to be prefer’d in
right before his Nephew j refblv’d to
leave no means unattempted tocaft him
down and raife himlelf, without expeft-
ing his Father’s Death. He conceal’d
his wicked Defign under the Cloak o f a
counterfeit Obedience, till he gain’d his
Father’s good W ill-, and when he
thought himfelf well grounded in his Fa-
vour, defir’d he would give him leave
to carry his blind Brother into the King-
dom o f B a t an , where he was G over-
nour; faying, he fliotild by this means
take out o f his fight a difpleafing Objeft,
and his Brother would live more Peace-
ably. T h e King not diving into Curom’*
Defign, confented to it:, but he having
got the poor Prince into his Hands,, con-
triv’d to make him away in fuch manner,
that no Man could imagine he had been
fo cruel as toPoifon him. This done he
chang’d his Name into that o f Sdah-Ge-
ban, that is, King o f the W orld, and
railing a numerous A rm y, fet forward
to make W ar on his Father, who was juft-
ly provok’d, and the more for his Son’s
Death. Jebanguir went out in Peribn
with a great Strength, againft the W ick-
ed and Ambitious Curom ; but A ge and
G rief to fee himfelf lb much wrong’d en-
ded his Days by the way, and made it
eafie fo r the other to compafs his De»
figns. However Jebanguir before his
Death recommended his’ Grandfon Sul-
tan Bulaki to A fuf-Kan, Generaldfimo o f
his A rm y, and prime Minifter o f State,
and to all the great Officers, command-
ing them when he was dead, to acknow-
ledge none for their true and lawful So-
vereign but Bulaki ■, and declaring Sultan
Curom a Rebel, and incapable o f Suc-
ceeding in the Throne. Befideshemade
them fwear and particularly A fuf-K an,
that they would never confent that BuU~
h ftiould be put. to D eath 5 which he af-
terwards faithfully perform’d , but co t
to fettle him on the Throne, having <k-
fign’d
 ' Gc%X
fl| ■ §L
}f . "’5 . ;’:V "/■' • ... >,*/•---•,*; ■•
' Chap. IV. Of IN D O S T A N ."~~....
f V A - ^ fign’d that for Scia Gehah his Son in
Gemelli. Law . T he Death o f Jehan Guir being
1695- known all the great Men acknowledg’d
the young Sultan Bulaki for their King,
T w o o f his Coufins, foon perceiving the
wicked defign o f A fu f-K a n , were the
caufe o f their own Death, and his loof-
ing the Crown, by difcovering the Se-
cret to him; becaufe he being unskilled
in the Myftery o f Reigning, askVl the
Q u eftion o f A fuf-K an him feif, who hav-
ing fwore he would ever be faithful to
his K in g, privately contriv’d the Death
o f the two Princes. Then confidering
tliat the King having notice o f the Con-
fpiracy, it was dangerous to defer the
Execution o f i t , and finding himfelf
Pow erful in the number o f his Follow-
e r s , he gave out that Scia Geban vtas
■ ) D ead, and his Body would be carry’d to
be Bury’d at A g ra , with the Bones o f
Jehan Guir, as he had defir’d before his
Death. He him felf brought the N ew s
to Bulaki, perfuading him when it was
to be done to go two Leagues out o f A -
g ra to meet the Body, that Honour be-
ing due to a Prince o f the Blood tho’ an
Enerny. Scia Geban came him felf in
difguife, and when he was in fight o f the
A rm y near Agra was lay’d on a B eer and
carry’d as if he were Dead. A ll the
principal Confpirators came with A fu f
into the Tent, where he was lay’d, as
it were to do Honour to the dead Prince,
and when they law the young K in g was
come out o f A gra, uncovering the Bier,
C H A P .
The Genealogy o f the Great M oguls, and other things the Author ohferv’d at
that Court.
The Em- ^ T H H E vafi: Em pire o f the Mogul,
pireofthe J L which in the Indian Language lig-
Odoffil. nihes white, contains all the Country be-
tween the R ivers Indus and Ganges. It
borders on the Eafl: with the Kingdoms
o f Aracan, Tipa, and Affcn ; on the W efl;
with Terfia, and the Vsbeck Tartars ; on
the South o f it is the great Indian Oce-
an, and fome Countries held by the Per-
tiiguefes and other petty K in g s; and on
the N orth it reaches to Mount Caucafusj
and the Country o f Zagotay ; on the
North EaU o f it is the Kingdom o f Bu-
tan, whence the Musk is brought. So that
the Length o f it from Bengala to Canda-
hor is no lefs than fix Months Jo u rn e y ,
and its Breadth from North to South at
leaft four.
Vol. V I.
• w:- _».•*>”---•• -■• • •- - ■ -
5 4 J'
they made Scia Geban Hand up in the
prefence o f all the A rm y, and declaring
him King with a load Voice, they and
allth ereib b y their example fw ore Fealty
to him. Bulaki receiving this difmal New?
by the way, bcingin a conilernation had
no hopes o f fafety but in flying ; which
was eafie to be done, becaufe his Ene-
mles thought not proper to purfue him.
He wandred about India a long time, be-
coming a Fachir ; but at lail tir’d with
that painful Employment he retir’d into
Perfta, where he was nobly receiv’d and
entertain’d by Scia Sofi. Scia Geban be-
ing left without any R ival, yet fearing
the Fadions there might be for the law-.
ful K in g, by degrees put to death all
thyfe that were well affeded to his N e -
phew ; making the firft Years o f his Reign
famous for Cruelty. Thus his being in
his Life time depriv’d o f his Kingdom
by his Son, is to be look’d upon as a juft
Judgment o f G od, which the longer it
is defe-r’d the heavier it falls,
T hefeare the Methods o f fecuring the
Throne o f Indoftan, not found out by
any ill Cuftom o f that People, but pro-
ceeeding from the want o f good Laws,
concerning the T itle o f Birthright.
Therefore every Prince o f the Blood
thinks he has a fufficient Claim to the
Crown, and expofing him felf to the cru-
el necelfity o f Overcoming to R eign ,
fometimes involves an infinite number
o f Lives in his own Ruin, that another
may be the m orefecurely eltablifh’d.
IY .
T h e firft that lay’d the Foundation o f f merjM
this mighty Monarchy was Tam erlan, Founder
otherwife call’d Teymur ; who by his oftheMo*
wonderful Conquefts from India to Pc- narcby.
land, far furpafs’d the Renown o f all for-
mer Commanders. He bad one L eg
fhorter than the other, and wTas there-
fore call’d the Lame ; and here w e may
take notice o f his (harp Saying to this
effed, to Bajazath Emperor o f the Turks,
whom he overthrew and took Prilbner.
Caufing him to be brought into his pre-
fence the fame D ay, and looking him
fteadily in the Face he fell a Laughing;
whereat Bajazetb offended faid, D o not
Laugh at my ill Fortune Tam erlan ; know
that it is God who befiows Kingdoms and
Em pires, and that all that has befallen me
Hh 2 it
ml
.SS^y' ■ , ft
■ Sl
'J.„-.V:,!|| ' , ';'.V.■

244 A Voyage round the W O Iv L D. Book 11,

r ^ '^ i to Day may happen to you to Morrow. Ta- three parts o f it. F o r this reafon he
Gemeili. merlan without the leaft Concern an- carry’d as his peculiar JEnfign a Golden-
id9<j, fw er’d , 1 know very well Bajazeth, that G lobe, and had it in his S e a la n d a 1-
O ^VN J it is God who bepw s Kingdoms and Empires, ways tore o ff one corner o f the Paper he
1 do not Laugh at your Misfortune, but be- wrote on, to cxprefs that the fourth part
cdttfe confidcring your Countenance, 1 per- o f the W orld was not his. He added to
ceived that theft Kingdoms and Empires are his Em pire the Kingdoms o f Fifapor,
very inconjiderable things with God } fa c e and G olewda, the K ings whereof he kept
he beforeJ them on fitch ugly Fellows as voe Prifoners in my time, part, o f the T e r -
are, you a ffa n tin g Clown, and I a lame ritory o f Savagi, and o f Other petty
Wretch. Tamerlan was not o f mean E x - Principalities in IndojUn.
voLd f traction, as fome imagine, but o f the A ven g e Zeb labour'd ro gain the Re*- HisEffl.
eflttsiu Race o f Scia guis Cham, K in g o f T a n a - potation o f being a ftrid Obferver o f the ploy.
G. Mogul ry. He was born at Samarcand a Country Mahometan Law, and a lover of Jultice. merits.
Tf )4 2- P* of Zagat.ay, or of the Vsbeck-Tartars, He had To diltrib'ifed his time that he
liielmp where he was afterwards Bury’d. could fcarce ever befaid to be Idle. Some
Mogul.five M irum xa his Son fucceeded him in the Days in the Week he bath’d before break
jnfitveri Throne j his Succellbr was his Son Ma- of Day 3 then having pray’d he eat fome-
р. 1 6 2 . > fomet. and Mahomet Mirza Sultan Ab- thing. After that having fpent two
Succeffors f u iii his Son’ who v’ as % tIie Ptr~ Hours w*th !lis Secretaries, he gavepub-
J "fan s in the Year 14.59. MWxa Sultan lick Audience before Noon, and then
H am it Son to him afeended the Throne pray’d again. This done he Din’d, and
next, anddy’din 1495. The next was Toon after gave Audience again, when
Ham ets Son, call’d Sultan Bablr, which follow’d the third and fourth time of
, lignifies brave Prince, who in 1500 was praying. Next he was employ’d in the
J k j J J . Dethron’d by Kay-bek-Cham an Vsbeck, Affairs of his Family till two Hours ai-
cUes.l.i ” but recover’d the Kingdom again after ter it was Dark. Then he Supp’d and
с, 3’. ” wandring a long time about India, and flept only two Hours, after which he
was the firlt Mogul that, became fo very took the Alcoran and read till break of
Powerful Hedy’d in 1532. Day. This was told me by feveral Eu~
His Son Homagion, that is, the Fortu- nuchs belonging to the C ourt , who
nate, fucceeded him, who Conquer’d the knowing their Prince was skill’d in
belt and wealthielt Kingdoms in India. Negromancy, believ’d he was affifted by
Kirkan his General Rebell’d and forc’d theDevil in that painful Courfe o f Life 5,
him to fly to the King of Perfa ■, by elfe he could not have gone through fo
whom being affifted with 12000 Men much fatigue in his decrepit old Age.
under the Command of Beuran-Cham , he This might ferve as an Example to fome
defeated the Rebel, and recover’d his Princes o f Europe, who are fo referv’d,
Kingdom ^ then djr’d in 1552. that they give Audience but twice a
After his Death his Son Gdaladir.com- Week, and then will not flay a Mo-
motily call'd Akbar afeended the Throne, ment to hear their Subject's Grievances •,
He Reign'd 54 Years, and dy’d in 1605, as if it were not their duty to liften to
fince the Birth of Chrift, and 10 14 . of them with Patience. And it is certain
the Mahometan Epocha^ leaving the King- the M ogul did not feed on fuch Dainties
dom to his Son Sultan Selim , call’d by an- as they do, but on Herbs and Pulfe;
other Name Jehan-Guir-patfa, that is, faffing every Day at thole Years, tho*
Conquering Emperor of the W orld , at made o f Flefh and Blood like the Europe-
his Death he left four Sous, Sultan Kofiru, ans. 1
Sultan Kurom, Sultan P er nix, and Scia After Aurenge Zeb had prefcrib’d him-
D aniel. felf this fort of Life, he ceas’d to be ^ l* ^
Sultan Kurom fucceeded his Father Je - Bloody as before, and on the contrary Life,
hanGuir, by means of the ill Pradicesa- became fo mild, that the Governors and
bove mention’d, and was acknowledged Omrahs did not pay him the Duty they
for their Sovereign by the great Men of ought \ knowing his Mercy would never
the Kingdom in the Fort of Agra, by fuffer him to punifh them. Thus the
the Name o f Sultan Sciabedin Mahammtd ■, Poor were opprefs’d by the great Ones
fanstgi but he would be call’d Scia-Gchan. Next without knowing who to have recourfe
queftsn to him came Aurenge-Zcb afeending the to ■, becaufe the Kiug when advis’d to
Throne o f lndoftan, through fuch cru- be lefs merciful towards thofe that tranf-
el Pradices. He took the Name of grefs’d his Commands, Anfwer’d, That
Aurenge-Zeb- Alem-Ghire, That is, Lord he was no God, that his Mioifters might:
of the W orld, believing he poflefs’d notcontradid him ; and that if they mif-
be-

V a C, '
111
Ch^Tiv; of I N D O S T A N .
rV A - f ' behav’d themfelves, Heaven would pu-
Gemelh. a Government far different
l6 9 S* from Aiat of Turky, and Perfia, where
'"''V N J tjle ftain 0f Difobedience is walh’d a-
w ay with Blood. Thofe that faw but
into the outfide, faid, Aurenge 2 eb was
a great Mahometan Saint, who after his
Death mull; be put into the M artyrology
o f their falfe Sedt. But I am o f Opi-
nion he conniv’d at the failings o f his
Minifters, and Omrahs, that they might
love the prefent Government, under
which they were fuffer’d to Adc. as they
pleas’d, and confequcntly there might
be no way for any o f his Sons, to ufurp
the Throne.
On the other fide, to fpeakthe Truth,
His conti- he did not give himfelf up in his Youth
nency. tofenfual Pleafures,as hisPredecdlors had
d o n e ■, tho’ according to their barbarous
Cuftom, he kept feveral hundred W o-
men in the Aram ,{or oftentation. T o th is
purpofe they tell us, that he having
pitch’d upon a W oman in the Aram to
lye with him that N ight, (he drefs’d her
fe lf the beft, {he could to receive that
Honour. T he King coming at the ap-
pointed hour into her Cham ber, inftead
o f going to bed, fell a reading the A l-
coran all Night. T h e Eunuch coming
in the Morning to tell him the Barb
was ready, as is us'd by the Mahometans
after they have had to do with Women-,
the W oman who had been difappointed
cry’d out, there was no need o f a Bath,
becaufe the K in g had not broke W ind ;
to fignify, he had been at Prayers, which
i f interrupted by W ind, the Mahome-
tans are to Bath. T h e K in g hearing her
went away afham’d, the Lady telling him
that was no Room to pray i n } and he
never after look’d her in the Face. T he
K ings o f Indoftan are at a vafl C harge in
maintaining fo many W omen \ fo r they
have many- Thoufands and Thoufands o f
Ronpies a Year out o f the T re a fu ry j
fome o f the beft belov’d even to a M il-
lion and a half, which they fpend in
maintaining abundance o f Elephants,
H ones and Servants.
He work’d B eM es Aurenge Z eV s abftinence, af-
* forwh[s 0 ter fo many horrid crimes committed,
Bread. his T ab le was not maintain’d out o f the
Revenue o f the Crow n , he laid that
Food was not good, which coft the fweat
o f the Subjects, but that every Man
ought to work for his living. For this
Reafon he work’d Caps, and prefented
them to the Governors o f his Kingdoms
and Provinces*, who in return for the
Honour done them, fent him a Prefent
o f feveral Thoufands o f Routes. W hen
j
§L
h 5
I was there, his decrepit A ge rendring
him inable to work, he had referv’d the
Revenues o f four Towns for his Table.
His expence was but fmai), for a Veit
o f his did not coll above 8 Ronnies, and
theSafh and GV^or Gap, lefs.
T h e Great Mogul’s ufual place o f Re-
fidence is at A gra, and fometimes at
D ebli, and Labor, in which Cities the
K in g is always guarded by an Omrah,
with a Body o f 20000 Horfe, who in­
camp about thofe Cities, and this Guard
is reliev’d every eight days. But when
Amerigo Zeb who kept al was in the Field,
was to decamp from any place, where
he lay with his A rm y, a T en t was car-
r y ’d before by a hundred and twenty E -
lephants, 14 0 0 Camels, and 400 fmall
Carts, to be fet up where he was to go,
and feveral thoufands o f Horfe and Foot,
went with 70 Elephants to fecure the
Ground to incampon. Eight other Ele-
phants carry’d eight Chairs, more like
Biers, wrought with Gold and Silver,
or G ilt W ood, and clos’d with Criftal.
T here were three others carry’d by 8
Men each, in one o f which the K in g
went, when he did not Mount an E le-
phant, efpecially i f it rain’d, or the
W ay was dufty. All the great Men at-
tended him afonr ; but when they wend
out o f T o w n , and the Journy was long *
he us’d to command them to Mount a
Horfeback.
Aurenge Zeb got feveral Children. t . ..
His eldeit Son, (as we laid elfewhere) dren *
was Mahmud, who following the E x - 1 ft son.
ample o f his Predeceffors, in aiming at
the Crown before his Fathers d eath ,
proceeded lo openly, towards taking a-
w ay his L ife, that he thought good to
prevent him \ and accordingly caus’d
him to be Poifon’d one day, when he
went a Hunting * and miftrufting he was
not really dead, when he was, brought to
the Palace, he cruelly caus’d a red hot
Iron to be run in from the foie o f his
Foot to his Knee.
Scialam the 2d Son, by the death o f The 2d.
Mahmud, had the right o f Eldeft, and
with it entertain’d the fame Thoughts,
the other had done, o f deftroying his
Father. T o this purpofe he once caus’d
a great Trench to be dug near Aurenge
Z et’s T en t, that he might fall into it,
as he pafs’d b y ; but he being told o f
it by an Eunuch, efcap’d death ■, and put
the wicked Scialam into a dark Prifon,
where he continu’d fix Years, tho’ 60
Years o f A g e, till a few Days before I
came into the Camp,
Az.am
ill
; .sss^y' V
246 A Voyage round the W O R L D.
r v ’^ Jta m -fc i* third Son to Aurenge Zeb,
Getnedi. play’d his part in Plotting agaiiift his
1^ 9 5. Father, with the King o f ftfapor his
Kinfman, before he was taken, and loft
ine^d. bis kingdom j fo natural is it to this
Race to hate their Father. He is now
about 55 Years of Age.
Thcath T h e 4 th Son is call’d A kbar, now 45
Years o f A g e, more ambitious than all
the reft j for beingffeut by his Father in
the Year id8o, with an A rm y o f 30000
Men to make W ar on the Ragia L i-
[ante, who borders on the Kingdom o f
A ftn in , belonging to theM ogul) inftead
o f fubduing him, he fuffered himfelf to
be pcrluaded by that Idolater, and by
his own Ambition, to turn his Arms a-
gainft his own Father. Having thus
join’d his Forces with thole o f Ragia
againft Aurenge 2 th, who could never
have believ’d it, and m akin gs Body o f
70000 Horfe, and a competent number o f
Foot,m oll o f them Ragipurs,he came into
A fn irty where his Father was. Here
whilft he lifte d his Arm y much fatigu'd
with the long March, the Crafty O ld
Man having no fuffieient Force to op-
pofe him, had rccourfe to Stratagem,
He therefore fent a Confident o f his in-
to the Enemies Camp, with a Letter
dire&ed to his Son ; in. which i*. cam -
mended hi* oxtraurdinary wife C on -
in drawing the Idolaters to that
place, to be all cut off, as had been a-
greed; and that he would advance the
next day, to put it in Execution. T h e
Eunuch had orders to behave him felf fo
that the Enemy growing jealous, might
fecure him, and intercepting the Letter
rely no more on Akbar. It fell out ac-
co td in gly; and tho’ he fw ore upon the
Alcoran, that it was an invention o f his
Fathers to diftraft them, the chiefs o f
the Gentils would never believe him.
T hefe jealoufies kept them fo long em-
ploy’d, that Aurenge Zcb, as he had e x -
pe&ed, gain’d time to call his 2d Son to
his defence with a powerful Arm y, who
being come up, he defeated the Raja and
Akbar. He putting him felf with 4000
Horfe under the Protection o f Samba,
a Pagan Roicolet. Aurenge Zcb made
W ar fo furioufly on the"’ faid Samba,
that he at laft took Mm Prifoner, and
caus’d his Head to be cut o f f for having
utter’d fome indecent expreffions in his
prefence. T h is Man’s ruin was caus’d
by Drunkennefs; for as he was drink-
ing in his T en t with his Women-dan-
cers, being told by the advanc’d Guards
that the Mogul's A n ny was advancing,
iafccad o f going to A r m s , h ; caus’d
%
Wfl
<sl
Book 11.
their Heads to be cut o f f ; faying, they
would not dare to come where he was ;
the fame he did by a fecond Centinel.
His Son, whbfe Head was not fo full o f
W ine, fa r ’d himfelf with*. 1000 Horfe,
leaving his Father behind, who was
carry’d away Prtfbaer, and not long af-
ter to his Grave.
Akbar efcaping this Storm went to
G o a , where the Portuguefes furnilh’d
him with Ships to go ' over to Ormus.
T here he was nobly receiv’d by the
Cham, and afterwards by Order o f Scia-
StUmem, then King o f Perjia, attended
by many Troops o f Souldiers to the
Court off Ifefh m *, where he w asco u r-
teoufly entertain’d, and had an allow-
ante to maintain him fuitable to his
Q uality; as 1 obferv’d in the 2d Part.
T he Old Man fearing this Sou’s Valour,
us’d feverai A rts to draw him out o f
P e r f a , but with fmall hopes o f S u ccef,
becaufe Akbar was not fo weak as to be
enfnar’d by his Father. W biift 1 was
at Jfpaban, fome Eunuchs told me, they
were fent by a certain Omrab, who G o -
verrfd on the Borders o f Candahor, with
a Prefent o f fevcral chon land Roufies
to this Prince, which he would not ac-
cept, and therefore they were going
back with the Mony, They offer’d to
carry 111c h a y M m by la n d , bat I re~
fus’d their kindnefs. 1 was afterwards
inform’d by others, that this was a con-
trivance o f Aurenge Z e k who had o r-
der’d the Omrah, o f whom A kbar had
delir’d to borrow fome thoufand Ratifies,
to make him a Prefent o f them, and to
endeavour by fair means to draw him
into India ; which A kbar underhand-
ing by means o f his Sifter, he refus’d
the Prefent. Aurenge 2 eb took many
T ow ns fro m Savage for having affifted
this Prince and continuing the W a r,
had befieg’d him in his Court o f G ingi,
T h e C ity is feated between 7 Motrn-
tains, each o f which has a Fort on the
top, andean be reliev’d by ways un­
known to the Moguls, fo that they lay
before them to no purpofe with 30000
Horfe and as many Foot. I have not
hear’d fince I left the Country, what
was the event o f the Siege, which had
then laftedfeven Years,
Aurenge Z tb 'i youngeft Son is Sikm dttr
now about 30 Years o f A g e, and in­
fe&ed like the reft, with the contagious
Diftcm per o f Ambition. Therefore the
Old Man, tho’ after fubduing the K in gs
o f fcfapor, and Golcwda, he had no E -
nemies left, but Savagi, who is incoa-
fiderable in regard o f h im ; yet fearing
w ith
j! . ■ ;
|(f): •
’/:■'.:,;.1'!r■ ' * ';■■„•
CfapTy. 0 /1 N D
fN ATr) with much reafon the perverfe Inclina-
uernellt. tion Qf sonSi he had continu’d in
!£ 9J* Arms ,in the Field for 15 Y ears; and
y v particularly four Years at Galgala, af-
ter defeating Akbar. He faid his Fa-
thcr Sciah-Genhan had not fo much dif-
cretion 3 for he might have learnt by
many years Experience, that the Kings
o f Indoflan when they grow Old, mult
keep at the head o f powerful Armies,
CHAP.
Of the Government of the Great Mogol.
rie»CCofta I T ' O R the better management, o f
State. X ? Publick Affairs, and due Ad-
miniftration of Juftice, the King keeps
four Secretaries Of State, who are to
acquaint him with ail that happens in
the Empire, and to receive his Orders,
T he fir ft o f them is call’d Bagfci, and
has the Charge o f Warlike affairs, and
looks that the Souldiers be pay’d, pu-
nilh’d, and rewarded, as alfo that the
Omrahs keep their full complement o f
Men. The 2d is call’d A dder, who
takes care that Juftice be adminiftred,
both in Civil and Criminal cafes, giving
the King an account what Minifters be-
have thenifelves well, and what ill.
The 3d they call D ivan, and to him
it belongs to divide the Jagors or Feofs
among tbeOmrahs,Subm, and other’Cbm-
manders 3 and to fee they do not op-
prefs the Inhabitants o f the places com-
mitted to them with too heavy Impo-
ficions. The 4th is known by the name
o f Canfamon 3 who is a Treafurer Ge-
neral, that caufes all the Revenues o f
the Empire to be brought into the
T reafu ry, and every W eek, lays be-
fore the Ring what every Province is
worth, and what it yields, and what
Mony remains in the King’s Coffers.
ttftnbu- There are: particular_days appointed
bu(Le&. tot thele, Secretaries' to inform fhe King
becaufe a private Audience would not
fnffice for fuch multiplicity o f buiinefs.
Monday,. therefore is lay’d a fide for the
Affairs of Labor, Debit and ,dgr* 3 Tit-
• ■ ; j V (
‘ .
<sl
,.
o T ta N. ~
to defend chemfelvcs againft their Son*.
Yet 1 am o f Opinion that notwith-
ftanding all his precautions, he will
come to no better end than his Prede­
cellbrs. All 1 have hitherto faid con-
cerning the intcftine Wars between the
Moguls was told me and affirm’d by fe-
veral Souldiers in the Camp, who had
been Eye-witnelTes, and fome gather'd
out of creditable Authors.
V.
efday for Cabal 3 Wcdncfday for the King-
doms o f Bo.gaLi and Patna 3 Tburfday
for that o f Gunaratte-, Saturday for
that o f Bpm ^otAi and Sunday for De-
can\ no bufinefs being done on Friday,
becaufe it: is the Mahometan Feflival.
Jurenge Zeb notwitbftanding his con- Au<jiep^
tinual application to thefe private Au- ces.
diences with his Minifters, yet never
fail’d o f the Publick, except on Fri-
days, for the good o f the Subjects 3 and
this fometimes he did in three feveral
places, one call’d Divanxas, the other
Gofalxana, and the 3d Adalet.
The Great Mogul is, lb abfolute, that Abfoluto
there being no written Laws, his W ill power.'
in all things is a Law, and the laft deci-
fiorr o f all Caufes,hoch Civil and Criminal,
Fie makes a Tyrannical ufe o f this ab-
folute Power 3 for being Lord o f all the
Land, the Princes therafelves have no
certain place of aboad, the King aker-
ing it at Pleafure ; and the fame with the
poor Pealants who have fometimes the
Land they have cultivated taken from
them, and that which is ontilPd given
them in lieu o f i t ; belides that they
are oblig’d every year to give the King
three parts o f the Crop. He never ad-
ifiits any Body into his Prefence, empty
handed; and fometimes refufes admit-
tahce to draw'a greater Prefent. For
this. r'eafbn the Omahs and Nabobs ap -’
pointed to govern die Provinces, op-
prefs the People rathe moft miferable
manner imaginable.
C H A P
‘ } 1
..._, _ ....J
 / ■ ■■' :
* __
/ ' ' * ■
j A Voyage round the W O FL L D.
( - — - — — '--------- --- 1 4
CHAP.
Of the Revenues and Wealth of the Great Mogul.
G ondii. N : fin:£e quantity o f Rentes, is
“ 95 - ,
4 X /v pvLhcoocr- for befides the u-
2S k f K x f , an7 e cem «T m p o ta, the
raue. Subiedsmoll pay for their Land, which
is all his Befides when a General, or
any other Perfon who has receiv’d the
King’s Pay dyes •, all his Goods fall to
the §King, without leaving the Chil-
dren fo much as a maintenance; a Cu-
ftom Aureng Zeb condemn’d, when he
fp o keo f his Father, and yet all employ-
meats both Civil and Military are fold.
For this reafon no Family can continue
long great j but fometimes the Son o f
an Omrah goes a begging. Add to all
this that tho’ in fo vaft an Empire,
there be fome Barren Lands, yet there
are fome Kingdoms wonderful Fruitful,
as is that o f Benoala, which exceeds
Egypt, not only in Plenty o f Rice,
Corn Sugar, and all other neceflaries
for the fupport o f Humane Life ; but
in the richeft Commodities, as Silk,
Cotton Indigo and the like. Befides
the Country fs fo Populous, that the
Handicrafts, tho* naturally given to
floath, are forc’d either by necefiity or
choice to apply themfelves to work
on Carpets Brocades, Embroidery,
Cloth of Gold and Silver, and all forts
of ManufaSures in Silk and Cotton, ge-
nerafly worn there-, befides thofe tran-
fported every Year, by an infinite num-
b e ro f Ships, not only intoother Parts
o f A lia but into A frkk and Europe.
Cold and
that as muclTof it as comes out o f Ame-
rka after running through feveral King-
doms o f Europe goes partly into Turky,
for feveral forts o f Commodities * and
part into Terfia, by the way o f Smima
for Silk. Now the Turks not being a-
ble to abftain from Coffee, which comes
t ■
■■■: . ", r v1 ' ;. , '-1
%L
*
Book 11.
1“ ”
VI.
from Hyeman,and Arabia M ix j nor Ter-
fia ,A r a b ia ^ th e T ^ th e m fe lv e s to go
without the Commodities o f India,
find vail quantities o f M o ., »
on the Red Sea near
to Bafora at the bottom o f the Perftan
Gulglr, and to Bander Abaft and Gome-
ran, which is afterwards fent over in
Ships to Indoftan. Befides the Indian,
Dutch, Englifh, and Portuguefe Ships,
that every Year carry the Commodities
of Indoftan, to Pegu,
Ceylon, Achem, Macajfar, t h e ^ ^ e
Hands, Mozambique and other Places ,
mult o f neceffity convey much Gold and
Silver thither, from thofe Countries,
A ll that the Dutch fetch from the Mines
in Japan, fooner or later, goes to Indo-
ft an; and the Goods carry d hence into
Europe, whether to France, England, or
Portugal, are all purchasd for ready
Mony, which remains there,
I was told that the Mogul receives
from only his Hereditary Countries,
eighty Carores o f Roupiesa Year (.every
Carore is ten Millions) they could give
me no certain account what the Con-
quer’d Kingdoms yield,
T here is an Author, not well ac
quainted with this Affair, who reduces
this Monarchsi Revenue_to3 3 0 Millions: rkevenot.
Another on the other fide makes it in- Voy. des.
finite, and that alone which he fays is
in the Treafury, feems Fabulous. But ^
they that w ill judge o f it, by his e x -j-lve Jniu
peaces; mull confider that the Mogul has v tn . p.
S ^ « S S S S 5 ? f t ? S ? f i f S W'
and D eer •, as alfo fome hundreds o f
black and white Eunuchs to look to the
Royal Palaces, Mufitians, and Dancers,
la m therefore o f Opirnoi^ that^ next
to the Emperor o f China, no Monarch
in the W orld is equal to the Great M o-
gul in ftrength and Riches.
C H A P .
z'^5* ■ e° i x
® <SL
Chap. VII. P/ I N P T T S f A N.
C H A P .
Of the Weapons, and Forces o f the Great Mogul,
{ \ . , ^ n p ' H E Arms oSenllve o f the Moguls
Cemelli. JL are broad heavy Swords, bow’d
16 .5 . like Scimitars; and thole made in the
Country, being apt to break, the En -
W eapons gUfl, fnruifh them with fiich as are made
usdbythe ja £ hro^e^ jn fhap’d Daggers, which
og“ *' they always wear hanging to their G ir -
d ie; Bows and Arrow s, Javelins, Pi-
ftols, Muskets; and Pikes 12 Foot long,
for the F o o t; but molt o f the Soul-
diers have Bows and Arrows. They
have alfo Camion in their Cities, and
Armies.
Arms de- T heir Arms defenfive, are a round
fenfire. Buckler cwo foot Diameter, made o f
black Hides o f wild Buffalos; with ma-
ny Nails with large heads to ward o ff A r-
raws or Sw ords; Coats of Mail, Breaft-
Plates, Head-pieces, and covering for
their Arms down to their W rills.
Souldiers As for the Souldiers pay, the Mogul
howpay’d. manages it after a different manner than
all other Princes in th e 'W o rld ; for lie
pays them not h im felf, but gives the
Omrabs Jaghns, that is, Tenures o f
Lands to maintain a certain number,
as was faid elfe where, and this even to
the Princes o f the Blood
The Omrabs arc divided into H azariis,
Drgreesof Qubzariis, Tanges, Hechcts, D eh-H aza-
0nrt * rw , and Duazdehazariis, of which laft
fort the King’s Eldeil Son was. T heir
pay is proportionable to the number o f
Horfe they keep; bolides which the
King allows them a Penfion for their
own ufe. Bnt they always cheat the
Souldiers of part of their Pay, and by
that means grow v a flly ric h ; efpecially
if they happen to have a good $aghir.
Some are oblig’d to keep 500 Horfe,
and have about 5000 Neapolitan Crowns
Revenue a Month. 'T is true they fpend
all they get in Prefents they are forc’d
to make the King every year, upon cer-
tain Feftivals, every_ Man according to
his condition; and in keeping fo many
Women, Servants, Camels, and Horfes
o f great value.
T h e Number o f Omrabs throughout
Their the Empire is not fettled, but they are
m‘nher’ generally under 40. They are pfefer’d
andduty. t0 thc greateft Governments, and chief
Pofts at Court, and in the Army ; and
therefore are, as they themfelves fay, the
Pillars of the Empire. They appear a-
Vol. IV.
.*■ ■
-V ' • | /
T jf
V II.
broad with noble Equipages; foine on
Elephants, others a Horfeback, or
on .TalanHms, attended by a conlider-
able number o f Horfe, and by the Guards
o f their Palaces; as alfb by abundance
o f Servants, forne o f whom go before
to clear the way, others drive away the
Flies, or keep off the Dult with Pea-
cocks tails, others carry W ater to drink*
and other things. All that refide at
Court, are oblig’d to go twice a day to
pay their reflects to the K in g; that is,
at ten in the Morning, and about Sun
lent, in the place where lie adminifters
Juftice; or elfe they lofe part o f their
Pay. They are alfo to Mount the
Guard once a W eek for 24 Hours; and
that day the King fends them their
Meat, which they receive with much
refpeft, doing the Taflim three times;
that is, an obeyfance after their manner
towards the Royal apartment, laying
their right Hand on the Ground, and
then on their Head. T hey are alfo 0-
blig’d to attend the King at all. times*
as was Laid above.
T h e Manfebdars are Gentlemen, or ndmfeb-
Horfe, who have very honourable Pay, dan.
and is call'd Manfeb, but lefs than the
Omrabs. T h ey are much refpedted in
the Camp, becaufe they may eafily rife
to the degree o f Omrabs, and own no
fuperiour but the King. T hey differ
from the others in this particular, that
they are not oblig’d to maintain above
4, or 5 Horfe. As for their Pay they
have 15 0 Roupies a Month, and fome-
times 706, but inffead o f having them
in ready Mony, they are forc’d to take
the old Furniture or the King’s Houfe,
at exceflive Rates. T here is no fix’d
number-of them, but they are more
than the Omrabs; there being 2, or 300
o f them very often at Court, befides
thofe in the Provinces, and Armies,
T i e 3d degree is o f the Ronzinden,
who are alfo Horfe, but paid by the day, ders.-
as their Name imports. Their Pay is
not inferior to that o f the Manfebdars,
but the Poft is not fo honourable. The
number o f them is Very great, and ma-
ny o f them are Clerks and under
Clerks.
The light Horfe are Subjeft to the
Omrabs, and thofe are counted the heft,
li who’
!
' ■ e°5 x
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f(l)|
\k V si 3 / j r J .. ;
<SL
>

q^o Voyage round the W O R L D. Bookli.

r^ A ^ o who have two Horfes, branded with
Gemelli. their Omrahs mark on the Leg. T h eir
T69L pay is not fix’d, and depends on the
v-/~\rsj generofity of the Omrah, but they ftand
the Mogul in at leafl 25 Routes a Mouth,
confidering the Revenues he affigns for
thcr maintenance.
The Foot and Muskcticrs are in a mi-
The Foot, ferable condition, fome o f them having
20, fome 15 , and others ten Roupies a
Month. They carry their Reft ty’d to
the Musket, which they make but ill ufe
of, for fear of burning their great
Cannon. Beard. T h e Artillery is divided into
two forts, the heavy Cannon, and the
light, as they call it. The heavy con-
lifts o f between 60 and 70 Guns, with-
** oat reckoning 300 Field-pieces, fix’d on
Camels, as Pedreroes are on our Backs,
T he other, 50 or 60 fmall Brafs Guns,
which are the 2d fort, are on Carriages,
with little t ed Banners, each drawn by
two Horfes; a third being led by, to reft
fometimes the one, and fometimes the
other. T h o ’ the heavy Cannon cannot
always follow the King, who fometimes
goes out o f the Road, to hunt, or take
fome other diverfion, the light always
does; and when he is near the place ap-
pointed to Incamp, it is fir’d, that the
Arm y may know he is arriv’d. All this
Artillery, efpecially the heavy, is under
the direction of Franks, or Chriftian
Gunners, who have extraordinary p a y ;
efpecially the portuguefc, English, Dutch,
Germans, and French, who go from Goa,
or run away from aboard Ships. Some
of them formerly had 200 Roupies a
Month ; but now the Moguls have learnt
fomewhat o f the A r t they have lefs.
T here is a General o f the A rtillery
whofe Pay is a Million a year, out o f
which he is to keep 200 Men.
Rajapurs. Bejides the Mogul Souldiers, there
are the Strangers, hir’d o f the Rajas,
who ferve the Mogul for very great Pay,
bringing with them a certain number o f
Rajapurs, and doing the fame D uty as
the do ; but with this difference,
that they will not keep Guard in Forts,
buc in their own Tents, that they may
not be {hut up 24 hours. T h e Mogul
keeps them in his pay, as alfo the Patens,
becaufe they are Men of Courage; and
there are Rajas that tan raife 20000
Horfe uponoccafion ; asalfo to fow D if-
cord and Jealoufies among them, by fa-
vouring one more than another, and by
that means be the fafer from their con-
trivances, and from the others who are
not in his Pay.
T h e Souldiers o f the Country differ „
neither in Offices nor Difcipline from XroopI
that already mention'd, but that they P’
never follow the K in g ; but every King-
dom keeps its own to fecurethe Frontiers
againft Strangers, as the Perfa n s, Ogams,
Baluccis and others.
A ll Souldiers whatfover receive their Forces(iu.
Pay duly every 2 Months from the King’s iy pajd.
T reafurer, except thofe that are pay’d
by the Omrahs, as was faid before. Nor
is there any Danger their Pay ffiould be
kept from them ; for all People here
living either by their Induftry, or by
ferving the King (for want o f private
Revenues) if they were not w ell paid,
they mufteither ftarve, or Mutiny. And
to fay the Truth, the greateft: wonder in
that Country is to fee fo many thoufands
live on the King’s Pay. It is not fo in
Europe, for fometimes Souldiers have
fomething o f their o w n ; or when they
want Pay live upon others,
T h e number o f Troops they faid the
Mogul kept when I was there mounted
to 300000 Horfe and 400000 Foot. Part
of thefe were in the Camp at G algala;
60000 Horfe and Foot at the Siege o f
Gingl. T h e third Camp was o f 7000
Horfe and 10000 F o o t; the 4th o f r 2000
Horfe, commanded at PemaU by Azjtm -
Scia’s Son the King’s Grandfon, and the
reft were diftributed about the Frontiers
and in Garrifons.

CHAP. V III.
The Manners, Habit, Marriges and Funerals of the Moguls.

Here are two Principal Feltivals thofe People every Year make a knot in
T kept in the Court of the G reat a Cord, they either wear about them
The Mo- Mogul, the one call’d Barfgant, the o- or keep at home, to know
pul s Birth [her Tol. The firft is on the K in g’s Age. T h is Solemnity is kept with great
their

day* B irthday, or thofe o f the Princes o f the Pomp, all the great Ones coming to
Blood, becaufe Bars id the Country Lan- wiffi the King many Happy years with
guage fignifies Year,and Gant a Knot,and Prefents o f Mony and Jewels. Sciah Gehan
. * was

|
|(I )|'
\% >c.— j:-/
.vS&y /
'Chap. VIII. ^ O/INDOSTAR
* * .J\ J* was mightily pleas’d they fhould prefent
Cemelli. him with Gold Veflels fet with Jewels,
i 6 95 - to hold Iweet W aters, which he plac’d
v ^Nrs' in the Chamber that ferv’d for his loud
Practices, It was fet out with Looking
GlalTes adorn’d with precious Stones,
and all the R o of fparkling with D ia-
monds. T h at D ay the Mogul fits on the
famous Throne begun by Tamerlan and
finilh’d by Sciah Gehan. It is all over
fet with Diamonds, Emerands, Rubies,
PearlsandSaphires; especially the Pearis
on the twelve little Pillars, which clofe
the three fides, are beyond all that can
be imagin’d. Tfien the R o of o f it and
all other Partsis fo orderly enrich’d with
Jew els o f ineftimable Value, all found
within the Empire, that fome make the
Value o f it to rife to fifty Millions, but
in reality it is not to be Valu’d.
T h e fecond Feftival is that o f T o l,
which ‘ n that Language fignifies W eight,
•i.c.% ! ' Some fuppofe it to be fo call’d becaufe
the King weighs bimfelf in a pair o f
T h e Fefti- Scales, to fee whether he his grown Fat-
vai call’d ter, but having ask’d the queftion in the
, Toh Camp o f feveral credible Perfons, and
particularly o f ChriRians born at Agra
and Debit, who had ferv’d there many
Years, they told me it was a meer Ro-
niance; for not only Aurenge Zeb, but
none o f his Predeceflbrs ever weigh’d
themfelvcs. ’T is true this Feftival is
kept in the K ing’s Houfe; but they weigh
Mony, Jew els, and other Things o f va-
lueprefented by the great Men and Fa-
vourites, which are afterwards diftribu-
ted among the Poor with great Solemni-
ty. It is done fome Days after the
Barfgant, either fooner, or later, as the
K in g thinks fit.
Deferipti- T he Indians are well lhap’d, it being
on o f Che rare to find any of them crooked, and
M im s. for stature like the Europeans. T h ey
have black Hair, but not C u rl’d, and
their Skin is o f an Olive C olour; and
they do not love W hite, faying it is the
Colour o f Leproufie. They walh often,
anointing themfelves after it with rich
Oyls and Oyntments. They live in low
Koufes, with T rees about them, fo that
their Cities at a defiance look like Woods,
T here are no Inns for Travellers among
them as was faid at firft; but in the Ci-
ties and great T ow ns they have fome
Places call’d Sarays , where Strangers
may have Houferoom. They ufe Carts
to travel in (which are fhut when there
are Women in them,) drawn by Oxen,
and Afles when the Journey is Ihort. T h e
great Men and thole that are well to pafs
are carry’d upon Elephants, or in Palau-
* Vol. IV.
/
I ,
<SL
: 25,/
hints. There is none o f them bucendea-
vours the bell he can to go to Mecca, to
become a Magi or Saint. They delight
very much in Hunting, and make ufe o f
Dogs and tame Leopards. T hey take
W ater Foul after this manner. T hey
go into the W ater up to the Chin, cove-
ring their Faces with Birds o f the fame
fort they would take, artificially made}
Then the Bird coming near his likenefs
they draw him down by the Legs and
Rifle him. T he Chmefes and Mexicans
do the fame, as (hall belaid in its Place,
Being excellent Archers they (hoot Birds
flying, with Arrows.
T h e Mahometans o f h doft an, tho’ bar- T herD P
barous in other Refpe&s, are not fo D e- polltion.1
ceitful, fo Proud, or fuch Enemies to
Chriftians, as theTarks ; and a Chriftiau
may therefore keep them company with
fafety. T he Pagans are Rill more juit
to Travellers. As for Courage neither
Mahometans nor Gentils have much o f
it. T he beft o f them are the Baluctis
Borderers on Perfia, the Patans o f the
Kingdom o f Bengal*, and the Rasbootis
verv great Thieves.
T h e Languages fpoken at Court are Ldnguape
the Arabian and the Perft an. As for andLearn-
Sciences they can make no progrefs in inS-
them for want o f B o o k s; for they have
none but fome Rnall manuferipe W orks
o f Ariftj/tle and Avicennem Arabick. They
hold Aftrology in great account, in fo
much that the King undertakes nothing
without the advice o f his Aftrologers.
In Phyfick they have but fmall skill, and
cure feveral Difeafes by Falling. T hey
alfo delight in Mnlick, for which they
have feveral forts o f Inllruments.
T hey fpend all they have in Luxury
keeping a vaft number o f Servants, but
above all o f Concubines. Thefe being
many every one o f them ftrives to be be­
lov’d above the reft, uling all manner o f
Allurements, Perfumes and fweet Oyut-
ments. Sometimes to heighten their
Mailers L ulls they give him Compoliti-
ons o f Pearl, G old, Opium and A m ber;
or elfe much W ine that he may require
Company in Bed. Then fome drive a-
way the Flies, others rub his Hands and
Feet, others Dance, others play on Mu-
lick, and others do other things; and
hence it is that for the moll part they
take the lawful W ifes place; who fit-
ting near her Husband modeftly winks at
this Affront, till Ihe has an opportunity
to revenge herfelf. Thefe Women are
committed to the cuftody o f Eunuchs ,
but it is delivering up the Sheep to the
W olves; fo lafcivious are the Women.
1i 2 And
f(TO
0 S ^ \ ...............
/ ,
252 * A Voyage round the
Ps-A-^- And yet they are excufable, becaufe the
j Gemelli. Husbands, tho’ they be Peafants, lye a-
1695. part from their Wives, and only call
w^v ~Nj them when they have occaiion.
T he great Men have noble Structures,
with feveral Courts, and the Tops o f
the Houfes flat to take the A ir, and
Fountains with Carpets about them to lit
and receive Vifits from their Friends.
Inferiors falute laying their Hand on their
Head, but Equals only bow their Body,
In their Difcourfe they are model! and
civil ; not uiing fo many aftions with
their Hands, nor talking lo loud as fome
Europeans do. T he Table is fpread on
the Ground without Napkins or Table-
Cloth ; nor do they Drink till they have
done Eating. Their greatell delight is
to chew Betle all Day.
Habit. T h e Veits both of Men and Women
are narrow towards the W a ite , and
hang down half way the L e g ; under
them they wear long Breeches down
to their Ankles, fo that they ferve for
Stockins. The Foot remains bare, with
a fort o f fiat Shooes, like our Slippers;
which are ealily flipt off when they go
into Rooms, to keep them clean, they
being cover’d with Carpets. They
wrap a very line piece o f Muflin or
Calico about their Head, and never un-
cover it to do Reverence to Superiors,
' but bow their Body, putting their right
Hand on the Ground and then on the
Head, as if they faid they fubmitted
themfelves to be trampled on by them,
They generally wear the Veit and Tur-
bant o f Cotton, but the Sash is of Silk
and Gold.
T he Mahometan Women do not ap-
Women. pCar j n pUbiick, eXcept only the vulgar
Sort, and the leud Ones. They cover
their Heads, but the Hair hangs down be-
hind in feveral Trelfes. Many o f them
bore their Nofes to wear a Gold Ring
fet with Stones.
M arriages The Mahometan Indians Marry very
Young, but the Idolaters at all Ages,
Thefe lalt may not have feveral Wives
at once like the Mahometans; but when
the firlt is Dead may take another, pro-
vided Ihe be a Maid, and o f the fame
R ace, or Tribe. The Ceremony is
thus, If they be Perfons o f Quality they
make theCavalcade at Night with Lights,
abundance o f People go before making
a difplealing Concert with feveral In-
ftruments, as P ip es, Kettle-Drum s,
Drums as long as a Barrel, and Copper-
Plates, which they beat. Then follow
abundance of Children a Horfeback, next
to whom comes the Bridegroom, well
7 C (p
l , • v , " /
iMi. .. .................... . .... '■ ..
%L
n
W O R L D. Book 1 1 .
Clad and Mounted, with feveral Banians
about him, wich their Veils and Civas
dy’d in Zafran, and other Perfons carry-
ing llm brellos, and Banners; and hav-
ing taken a round about the City goes to
the _Brides-Houfe. Here a Brachman
having faid fome Prayers over them both,
puts a Cloth between the Husband and
W ife, and orders the Husband with his
bare Foot to touch the W ifes, and then
the W ife the Husbands, which done the
Marriage is concluded. When the W o-
man is carry’d home, the Goods go be-
fore, being for the moll part Stuffs o f
feveral Colours, and a Cradle for the
Child that is to be g o t; all this with the
noife o f feveral Inllruments. Rich Peo-
pie make a Hut before their Houfes, co-
ver’d both inlide and outfide with Stuffs
and C arpets, to entertain their Guelts
under Shelter. Sometimes they treat
them for eight Days together,
All the Women are Fruitful, which women
is caus’d by the A ir and Provilions, and Fruitful.
are fo ealily deliver’d, that fome of them
go walh in the River the fame Day.
They bring up their Children naked till
feven Years o f A ge , nor do they take
much care to teach them to go, but lec
them tumble about the Ground as much
as they will, asfoon as they are Born,
In Malabar the Women (even thofe Barbarous
that are o f Quality and Kings Sifters) Liberty.
have the liberty to choofea Man to lye
with them. When a Naire or Gentil is
in a Ladies Chamber, he leaves his Staff
or his Sword at the Door, that others
who would go in may fee the Place is ta-
ken u p ; and no Man has the boldnefs to T hev. Voy.
diftnrb him. Thus there being no pof- dej. Bid. 1.
Ability of knowing who is the Father o f 2-P 2^8*
the Child that is born into the W orld,
the Succellion is order’d after another
manner; that is, when one dies his Sifters
Children Inherit, becaufe there can be
no doubt made o f the Kindred.
When a Man or Woman has commit- pun;n,_
ted fuch a Crime as to be expell’d their ment.
Tribe ; as if a Woman had lain with a
Mahometan, Ihe mult live for a certain
time only upon Corn found in the Cows
Dung, if Ihe will be receiv’d again.
As to the manner ofBurying, the molt Burials,
ufual is to walh the Body firlt in a R iver,
or Pool; then burn it in a neighbouring
Vagod, and throw the Alhes into the
fame Water. In fome Places they leave
them by the River fide. The manner o f
carrying them is alio different, according
to the Falhions o f each Country. In
fome the Body well Clad, and fitting is
carry’d with Drums beating, and a long
Train
I
' I * >
.i ■ • I ......... . ^
 ' Gci X
111 .■VS&JyS'
- <SL
cbTpTixr... o/ T n d o s t a n
C s J^ S \ T rain o f Kindred and F rien d s; and
Gemelli. after being waffl’d is encompafs’d with
169*;. W ood. T h e W ife who has been that
L S V 'k J while near the Body finging, and ex-
prefling a delire to D ie, is afterwards
bound by a Brackman near the dead Bo-
dy and burnt with it ; the Friends pour-
ing O yl on them that they might con-
fume the falter.
In other Places the Bodies are carry’d
cover’d on a Bier to the R iver fide; and
after they have been waffl'd they are put
into a Hut full o f fweet W ood, i f the
dead Perfon has left Mony to defray the
charge-, then the W oman that is to be
burnt, takes leave o f her Kindred and
Friends, Ihowing a contempt o f Death,
and fitsdown in the Hut, bearing up her
Husband on her Knees. Then recom-
mending herfelf to the Prayers o f the
Brachmans, defires them to fee Fire fpee-
dily. A Barbarous Inhumanity'. And
yet they make a fcruple o f killing Flics
and Pifmires.
In other Places they fill wide deep
Trenches with coinbuftible M atter,
where laying the Husbands Body the
Brachmans caft in the Woman, after they
have Sung and Danc'd. Sometimes there
are maiden Slaves, that throw themfelves
in after their M ailer to fhow the love
they bear him, then the Allies are caft
into the R iver.
T here are other Places where they
Bury the Husband’s Bodies with the Legs
acrofs-, they put the Woman into the
fame G rave, and when they have cover’d
them up to the Neck the Brachmam come
andftrangle her. T hole wretched W o-
men that refufe to be Burnt, are to ffiave
their Heads, and remain W idows all
C H A P.
O f the C lim ate, F r u it, Flowers, Minerals, Beafls and Coin, o f Indoftan.
G
Enerally throughout all Indoftan the
Heat is Exceffivq, except near the
Seatons. Mountains. W e Europeans fare ill there
becaufe o f the Seafons differing from ours ;
becaufe their W hiter begins in June and
ends in September ; tho’ there falls lefs
Rain than at Goa. Before and after W in-
ter there are dreadful Storms and Hurri-
cans, three Months from the North and
three from the South, fo that there is no
Sailing about India but fix Months in the
c. . Year.
' Between Suratte and A gra the Metro-
. 1 I a s s
I
.....- —
their L iv e s ; are defpis'd by their Family
and T r ib e , becaufe they have fear'd
Death, and can never recover their Re-
putation, whatfoever good Actions they
do, unlefs fome young Woman o f fin-
guiar Beauty Ihould happen to get a le-
cond Husband. Yec there are fome that
tranfgrefs the Laws o f Widowhood ;
and becaufe their Kindred expel] them,
they have recourfe to the Mahometans
or Chriftians, forfaiting their own R eli-
gioa. In Ihort the Gentils make the
W idows Honour coufift in being Burnt
wich the Bodies o f their Husbands, and
i f they be ask’d the Reafon they can al-
ledge none but antient Cuftom.
Since the Mahometans are become So-
vereigns o f India they do noc ealily con-
fent co this Inhumanity, which the Brach-
mans would have held up for their own
In ter e ft; for as was faid above, they who
alone may touch the Alhes, carry o ff all
the Gold and Silver the wretched Wo-
man had about her. T he great Mogul
and other Princes have commanded the
Governours o f their Tow ns to hinder
the Practice o f this Abufc, but they do
not lo ftrictly obferveit, provided they
have confiderable Prefents made them,
and thus the difficulty they find in get-
ting the leave laves many Women the
Dilhonour.
T he Mourning us’d by the Gentils is Mourning
Shaving their Beard and Head, when a-
ny Kindred within the third degree Dye.
T he W omen break their Glafsand Ivo-
ry Bracelets they wear on their Arm s,
as they alfo do at their King’s Death,
Having before fpoke o f the Mahometan
Ceremonies it is needlefs to repeat it in
this Place.
IX.
polis o f the Mogul's Dominions, it only
Rains at one certain time o f the Year,
that is, during thofe three Months the
Sun is about the T ropick o f Cancer ; the
other nine Months the Sky is fo clear,
that there is fcarce a Cloud to be leen a-
bove the Horizon.
Having fpoke o f the Fruit when I Pro<iua .
was at Goa, there is no need o f adding
any more. Indoftan abounds in Rice,
excellent Wheat, and all forts o f Grain,
vaft Flocks and Herds o f Cuttle, Butter
and Cheefe. There being no Grapes,
the
ft)|
254 A Voyage round the W O R L D.
r \ A > rl the W ine is brought out o f Arabia and
Gerhelli. Perfia; or is made in the Country o f
15 9 5 .
Ratlins, which being alfo brought from
i_/'“V >0 abroad, they fteep and boil in W ater,
The common Drink o f the Country is
diftilfd Sara, but not very wholfome.
Flowers T he Flowers are very fragrant, and
andHerbs. much better Colour’d than any in Europe,
T here are many Simples, which they
carry into Europe for Phyfical Ufes, which
I do not defer ibe , becaufe I w ill not
T reat o f what others have given an A c-
count of.
Metals. As for Metals the Mogul's Country af-
fords none but Copper, Iron, and Lead,
but the want o f others is abundantly
made amends for by the rich Mines o f
Diamonds and other precious Stones,
T h e bell is that in the Kingdom o f Gol-
. conda, feven Days Journey Ealt o f A gra,
Mi*nes.n which the Natives call Gam, and "the
Perjians Cular. It is in a Plain five Miles
in Compafs, between a Village and fome
Mountains, which produce nothing atall.
T h ey fay it was difeover’d 14 0 Years
lince after this manner. A Peafant fow-
ing in that Plain, found fuch a rich Dia-
mond, that tho’ he did not underlland
thofe things, yet he would carry it to a
Merchant o f Golconda who delighted in
them. The News was immediately
fpread about the C ity, and every one
that had Mony digging in that Place,
there were Stones found from 12 to 40
Carats ■, and particularly that great D i-
amond of fome hundred Carats, which
Em ir Gemla, the King o f Golconda's G e-
neral gave Aurenge Z.eb when he came
into his Service. Afterwards the King
took the Mine to himfelf, and now the
Merchants buy it o f him by Spans.
How the T h e manner o f Digging the Stones is
Diamonds this. Firlt they enclofe a fpot o f Ground
are found. mucj, bigger than that they Buy to D ig,
with a little W all two Spans high j then
they dig the Ground mark’d out by the
K in g ’s Officers 12 or 14 Spans down to
the W a te r, below which there is no
hopes of any Diamonds, and carry the
Earth into the aforefaidEnclofure in great
Baskets. When it is all together they
fill 'the Place full of W ater, and leave
it fo till it is all Mud. Then they add
moreWatcr,and opening theHoles which
are at every Step in the W all, the Mud
runs out, and the Gravel remains; which
is again cover’d with W a te r , if it be
not clean. W hen dry they put it into
Baskets for the Sand to drop through,
and then putting it into the fame Place
they beat it with long Staves. Then
they take it up again and lifting it, they
. .- ' I
<SL
Book 11.
fpread it and pick out the Diamonds in
the prefence o f the Buyer, and o f the
Officers, who take thofe that are above a
certain weight for the King.
T h ere are Diamond Mines at a Place Diamonds
call’d Raolconda, in the Province o f Car. inBorneo.
nafica, in the Kingdom o f Vifapour, but
they do not work at them. T he King
of Succadan in the Ifland o f Borneo has
fome better, but there are few o f them,
and they are found in the Sand o f the
R iver Succadan.
Befides the Birds and Beads Europe Gaseliers.
affords, India has others peculiar to it \
as for inftance the Gaseliers, o f which
we have fpoke in the two precedent Vo-
lumns; they have Horns a Span and a
half long, and twilled or fpiral. T o
take them they make ufe o f the tame Le-
opard, or o f the Male Gazelle thus.
T h ey tye him with a Rope wound about
under his Belly } and when they fee a
Flock o f Gazelles let him go among them.
T h e Male that is in the Flock, being jea-
lous comes out to attack him, and his
Horns being fpiral or winding does fo
intangle himfelf, that not being able to
retire when he would, the Hunters have
time to take him.
T h ere are alfo wild Cows and other Other
wild Bealls we fpoke o f when we gave Beafts.
an account o f the Game at Dam am ,
Camels, Dromedaries, Rhinocerots, as
tall as a large O x, and Elephants. There
are feveral ways o f taking th efe; fome-
times they dig Trenches and cover them,
into which when they fall they cannot Elephants,
get out. In other Places they carry a
Female into the W oods juft at the time
when Ihe is in her L u l l ; at her Cries the
w ild Male comes, and couples with her
contrary to other Bealls, Belly to Belly,
in the narrow Place where Ihe was left,
W hen the Male would be gone, he finds
the way Hopp’d up, and the Hunters at
a diftance, throw over him great and
fmall R opes; fo that his Trunk and Legs
being fecur’d they can come near without
Danger. However they lead him away
between two tame Elephants, and beat
him if he makes a noife. Afterwards he
grow s tame among the reft o f his kind j
and then he that has them in charge,
teaches him to Salute Friends with his
T ru nk, to Threaten, or Strike whom
he pleafes, and to kill a Man Condemn’d
to that fort o f Death, with an Iron fix’d
at the end o f a Pole, and then the Ma-
nager fits upon his Neck. It is o f it fe lf
a very tra&able Creature, when it is not
Enrag’d or in L u ft; for then he that
Rules it is in Danger. T h ey quiet him
with
 <SL
ChapAx. Of I N D O S T A K ^
with Artificial Fire-works, or direfting As for Foui, there are all in India Foul
Gcmelli. him into a R iver, where, tho’ fo large, that Europe allords, and many peculiar
16 9 s. he fwims extraordinary well. T he She to the Country. In the W oods there
Elephants carry their young 12 Months; are abundance ot Peacocks, leveral forts
they live 10 0 years; and carry about o f Parrots and green Pigeons, j here
3200 Pounds weight Spanijh. Thofe o f are mofi Beautiful Birds, to be kept in
Ceylon tho’ fmalier are the moll valu’d o f Cages, both lightly for their Feathers,
any in India, becaufe they have more and Pleafant for iinging fweetly. 1 faw
Courage, and as the Indians imagine are fome half as big as Wheat-ears,, all fpot-
refpefted by the others. But thofe o f ted like a T ig er. Befides the W ild Hens,
Golconda, Cochinchina, Siam , and the there is a fort ot tame ones, whofe Skin
Ifland Sumatra are ftronger, and more and Bones are very black, but they are
furefooted on the Mountains. It is dear well tailed. .... , _
keeping o f them ; for befides the Flelh The Mony Corn’d m Indofian is, Rou-
they eat, Palle made o f Meal with Su- pies, half Roupies, and quarter Reuptes
gar Canes, and other things, they give o f Silver ; asalfo Roupies ot Gold, worth
them Aqua-vita to drink. 13 Silver Remits and a quarter, or fix
There are alfo Stags, Lions, Tigers, pieces o f Eight Spamjh Mony, halt Rou-
and Leopards,which they hunt with good pics, and quarters. On, both torts there
Dogs and feveral Creatures not to be are Perfian Charafters_with the Name of
found’ in Europe, o f which mention was the C ity, Where it is Coin d, and the
made among the Game of Daman. King’s name on the Reverie. 1 here
I mull not omit here to give an ac- are alfo Copper Pieces, callId Pefies, 54
MuskGoat count o f the Musk W ild Goat found in whereof make a Roupte o f filver. I he
the Country o f Azjner. Its Snout is Rajas, or Pagan Petcy Kings, in their
like a G oat, the Hair like a Stag, and Dominions Coin Gold pieces call d Pa­
hs Teeth like a Dog. Under the Belly gods, becaufe they have a little Paged
it has a little Bladder, as big as an Egg, llarup’d on them, and thefe are worth a
full o f a thick congeal’d Blood, which Zecchme ot Demte. Both the Gold and
being cut otf is ty’d up in a Skin, that the Silver, are much finer than the Gold ot
feentm aynot evaporate. A fter which the Spanijh Pilloles, and Silver o f their
the Beall lives but a (hort time. T h ey Pieces o f Eight. Foreign Coin is alfo
are alfo taken on the cold Mountains o f current m the Mogul s Country, as
the Kingdom o f Butan, in the Latitude Zeccbines, by which there is much got,
o f <6 and 60 Degrees, but the greatelt Pieces ot Eight, Abaffis o f Pcrfia, and
quantity and the belt comes out o f the other forts ; but more particularly in
Country o f the Tartars bordering 011 the Ports, and places o f 1 rade.
China, where they make a great Trade They reckon by Leches, each worth
o f it. T h e Sent is fo llrong that having 100000 Roupies; Crous or Crorores, which
bought a little at Pekinr, it was fmelt are 100 Leckes-, and Arebs, that are ten
at a great dillance, as if my Portuman- Crous. T h e Batman, and M an, are
tue had been full o f it, which caus’d W eights o f y<{ Pounds. Another fmal-
fome difpute with the Cultomers. They ler W eight is call’d Goer or A ter, but
- fo adulterate it, mixing it with other they fometimes change according to the
Blood, that when it comes into Europe Princes will,
it is not a quarter Musk.

ViCl | | ■ . \ ........... 1
A V O Y -

| ’ 2S l
|(I)|
■ G°^X
•„ 'M
.v?YY' ■' ■ • T ::
— ------------------------ -
256 ___________ _________ ___ __
VOYAGE
Round the W O R L D,
By Dr. John Francis Gemelli Careri.
PART III-
Containing the mod Remarkable Things he (aw in
/ N D 0 S T A N.
BOOK
C H A R I .
Of the feverd Religions in Indoftan.
C V A / ) <rT T *^ H is vaft Empire, befides the N a-
Gemelli. i tives, is inhabited by Perf,am ,
16 9 5. Tartars, Abifm ians, Armenians,
Jew s, chrifiians, Mahometans, arid others j
but the raoft univerfal Religions are the
Mahometan, and the Pagan v for the firft
is profefs’d by the Mogul, and the other
by the ancient Lords and People o f the
Country. Having difcours’d fully o f
the Mahometan in the firft Volumn, and
thefe Emperors being o f the Turkish
Sedf, it only Remains to give a Ihort
Account in this Chapter o f the Pagan,
Tranfmi- All the Gentils in India hold the Franf-
gration of migration o f Souls, like the Pythagore-
Souls. m s by which means, iu their Opinion,
the’ Souls after Death receive the re-
ward or punifhment o f their good or
evil Attions, being put into good or
bad Creatures. And therefore they pay
lingular Honour to the C ow , by the
Advice o f Rarnak their Legiflator, as
being Creatures that, befides the good
they do to Men, (hall receive the Souls
o f good Men. By reafon o f this fame
Opinion, they take fpecial Care o f all
other C reatures} not only forbearing
to Eat them, but tiling all means to p re-
2_s8
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- Book lTT
III.
vent others Killing them ; and as was
faid before, in fome Cities they have
Hofpitals, where they are at a vail E x-
pence in looking after fick Creatures. <
1 ho’ they all Profels one Religion, g^xribes.
yet they are divided into 84 Setts, or
T u b e s ; each o f which has its p artial-
lar Rites and Ceremonies and fome pe-
culiar Profeffion or T rad e, which their
Children never leave, without they
would be for ever reputed Infamous j as
I was told by a Brachman, 1 lent for on
purpofe to be inform’d in what relates
to them.
T h e firft and principal T rib e is that £ritchmm
o f the Brachmans, who are Profeffors of the firft
Learning, aud Priefts o f their Religion, Tribe,
which is divided into ten feveral Setts. >°
T he firft five feed on Herbs, and Grain, 0
without ever Eating any Thing that has
Life ^ and are call’d, the firft M aratas,
the fecond Ttlanga, the third Canara,
the fourth Drovaras, and the fifth Ca­
zjtratti ■, the four firft Eat in one ano-
thers Houfes, but not in thole o f the
Guz.arattes. The other five Setts Eat o f
all living Creatures, except Fifh j and
are call’d Gann, Canogia, Triatori, which
are
’ '" ,
*
 <SL
Chap. I0/ I N D O S T A N .
rs^C/"> are the B ra c h m a n s of G o a , G a g a v a lt y z n d . Almoft all thefe are Merchants; and
G em elli, Fongaputy none of which Eat in the Houfe being bred up to it from their Infancy,
i 695- of another. they are much greater Cheats than the "t
ia thefe i o Sects, or Orders of B r a c k - A r m e n ia n s and J e w s .
they'may m ans-> 110 Man may Marry out of his There are two Tribes of F a r a v o u s , „
Marry, own Tribe. In the crofs Line, in which the one call’d P a t a r a , the other-------- Tribes^3
and whom only they may take Wives, the Prohi- \_H ere the A u th o r w an ts the N a m e o f
not. bition reaches to the feventh Degree of th e Second.3 Thefe Eat all forts of Flelh,
Confanguinity, or Affinity • but the but Beef; one of them neither Eats
Daughter of a Brother may Marry the with, nor Marries into the other •, and
Son of a Sifter, that is, her Coufin; yet their Wives when the Husband Dies
not the contrary that is the Son of the may Marry again.
Brother with the Daughter of the Sifter,There are alfo two Tribes of S u ta rs , s
that the fame Blood may not come into or Timber-Men; the one call’d Conea- Tribes*
the Family. The Guzjtrattis are not nas, the other Guzaratti. The firft Eat
Subjed to this Law. all forts of Flefh, except Beef; the o-
All thefe io Tribes of Bradm ans thers only Fifh. They do not Marry
Converfe with one 'another; but if one out of their own Tribe, nor do they
comes that is not walh’d, he may not Eat with one another, and the Wi-
touch any Body, left he Defile them; dows Marry.
it being a Precept among them to wafh The C a n fa rs , or Brafiers, are alfo di- cantors 2
their Body Morning, Noon and Night, vided into Cone a n a s , and G u z a r a t t is , Tribes.
Their Widows do not Marry again, differing even in their Trade in fome
and if they will Burn themfelves with meafure, and Eat all Flefh, except Beef,
their Husbands Body, they gain much But they do not intermix in Marriages,
Reputation; fuch as will not are look’d or Eat together, and the Widows Mar-
upon as Cowardly, and Infamous. ry again.
Kajspours The fecond Tribe is that of the Ra- The Gaulis, who fell Milk, and are G r
thefecond japoursy or Princes defeended from war- Herdfmen, are another T ribe, that
Tribe. like Men. Thefe only Eat in the Hou- Eats every Thing but Beef, and tame
fes of their own Tribe, or in thofeof Swines Flelh. Their Widows Marry
the Brachmans, in which all the others again.
may Eat, each according to its Quality. The M ails, or Sellers of Flowers, are
The Wives of Rajapours cannot avoid another Tribe, that Eat all Things with Ma ,s‘
being Burn’d with their Husbands, if the fame Exception as the laft, and their
they have no Male Iffue; and if they Widows Marry again without any Dif-
refufe, are carry’d by Force. Tho’ o- honour.
ther Tribes are allow’d but one W ife; The Sonars, or Goldfmiths, are di-
the Rajapours, as being free Princes may vided into Concanas, and Guzarattis, and S :n i,s ‘
have as many as they pleafe Some of obferve the fame as the Braziers,
thefe Rajapours Border on the Lands of There is another Tribe of Valuoris, vduoris.
Goa y for befides Savagiy there is Chio- or Gardiners, who Eat all Flefh, but
tia7 near Daman ; and Grafia, not far Beef and Pork. They neither Eat with,
from Surattey both Robbers, living a- nor Marry into another T rib e; their
mong Mountains, like Beafts. The King Widows Marry again,
of Portugal allows Chiotia 30000 Afam u- The Columbines, or Peafants make up .
disy which make 5500 Ducats o f N a - another Tribe. They Eat Flefh with C m m b tm
pies, and the Mogul gives the other a the fame Exception, and are divided in­
like Sum out o f the Neighbourhood of to Chodris, MatareSy Pateis, Routasy N a i-
Surattey that they may not Rob, but de- chis, Moriaty Gorelsy who go a Horfe-
fend Travellers againft Thieves. The back when they are to be Marry’d, and
King Pentiy near Bazaimy might more Doblas great Wizards, inhabiting the
properly be call’d King of the Woods, Woods, where they Eat Rats, Lizards,
he Living in them, lik6 an Out-law. Snakes, Moles, and all forts of Vermin,
There is fome difference of Seds among tho’ never fo Stinking. Their Women
the Rajapours j but they all agree in go Naked, only covering their Privities
eating Fifh, except Beef, and tame with a Leaf. Thefe, and other Tribes
Swine. of labouring People do not intermix in
Be.nia.ns The third Tribe of Banians is divided Marriages, but may Eat together, and
the third into twenty Seds, none of which Mar- the Women Marry again.
Tribe. ries into the other. They Eat nothing The Batata's are alfo Country People, B
that has Life, but only Herbs and Pulfe. who wear a Line like the Brachmansy
Vol. IV. K k being

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o.^3 * A Voyage round the W O R L D .
being one made up of three, which feems
Gemelli. to liquify the Unity of God in three
1695.' perfons. They Eat nothing that has Life,
but Herbs 3 nor do they Marry into o-
ther Tribes. The Widows do not
Marrv again.
Bmiirnxs The B a n d a rin es, who Prune the Palm,
or Coco-Trees, and draw the Sura from
it, are divided into R atttis, C hodris , Shi-
a } as K it a s , C h a r a d a s, and other forts
which do not Marry into one another ;
but Eat together, and of all forts of
Flelh, except Beef, and tame Swine.
The Widows Marry again.
v M is . The Doblis, or Walhers of Linaen,
are divided into Concana s, and G uzji-
rattis. They Eat together, but Marry
each in their own Tribe, and Eat any
Flelh but Beef and Pork. The Wi-
dows Marry again.
Fifhers. T h e F i l h e r - m e n are divided into ma-
ny Races, or Tribes, call’d Coles, M a-
v i s , F u ra b ia s , P a t t is , arid B irm a ffis. They
Eat in one anothers Houfes, of all Flelh
with the ufual Exception, and the Wi-
dows Marry again.
sotrhs The Sotrias make two difthxft Tribes;
the one call’d S a lu n k is, the other Coles,
They neither Eat nor Marry together.*
They Eat Flelh like the reft, and their
Widows Marry again. When the El-
der Brother Dies, the Younger takes his
W ife; but if the Younger Dies, the
Elder does not fo.
Thofe that carry Salt are call’d C h a -
ra n as, and make fevcral Tribes. They
take Wives out of any of them, Eat
Flelh as above, and their Widows have
the Liberty to Marry again.
The Ban$afalis, or Salt Merchants Eat
Bsftgsjaits. ajj living Q-eatures except Beef, tame
Swines Flelh, Crabs, Lobfters, Crevifles,
and all Shell Filh. They do not Marry
out of their Tribes, but the Widows
may have fecond Husbands.
Gmias, The Tribe of Gantias, who are all
Traders, Eat nothing but Filh. Nei-
ther Marry into, nor Eat with another
Tribe ; fo that for want of another, a
poor Man fometimes gets a Wife with
<;oooq Crowns.
In Suratte there are Babrias, C a n s ,
■ and R a ja v o n rs, who Eat only Filh, and
. wild Flelh. They Eat together, but do
not Marry out of their Tribes. Their
Wives do not Marry again, but Burn
themfelves, if they will.
Ix n fis. The Farafis, make Sandals like thofe
of the Recolets. Eat any fort of Flelh,
tho’ Rotten, Eat together, and inter-
mix in Marriages, without any Prohibi-
tion; but their Tribe being reputed ve-
2& 0
§L
Book III.
ry Vile, they are not allow’d to enter
the Houfes of other Gentils, or touch
them; and mult keep at a great di-
ftance.
In the Country of the Names of Cape
C om ori , they are call’d V elios 9 and as
they go along the Streets, if they will
not venture to be Beaten, mult cry Vo,
V o, that the other Gentils may take care (
their very Shadow does not touch them,
which would Defile them, and they
would be forc’d to Walh.
This Cuftom makes the Jefutts that
are MilTioners there lead a very uneafy
Life ; for being oblig’d to imitate the
ways of that Tribe, the better to i n -
gratiate themfelves with thofe Barbari-
ans, they are forc’d to Walk themfelves
as many times a Day as the others do ;
to feed upon raw Herbs; and when two
Fathers meet i n the Street, one adting
the Naires, and the other the Pohas,
they keep at a diftance from one ano-
ther, that they may not be fufpefted.
There is no doubt they Convert very
many ; but abundance of them not be-
ing us’d to that'Hardlhip, fail into dan-
gerous Diftempers.
Of all the Tribes here mention’d, on-
ly the Brachmans and Banians are fo
Precife about killing of all Creatures;
that even thofe that are Venemous may
Bite them without receiving any Harm
from them ; but the others in this Cafe
kill them.
The J o g i s are People of all Tribes, .
who have impos’d on themfelves a molt
painful fort of penitent Life. Befides,
being continually Naked, fome of them
hold up their Arms in the Air, without
ever letting them down; others hold
them behind, till in time they cannot
move them. Some hang themfelves up
with Ropes; others clofe their Mouths
with Padlocks, fo that they muft be fed
with Liquids; others run an Iron-Ring
through their Prepuce, and hang a littie
Bell to i t ; which, when the filly bar-
ren Women hear, they run to fee, and
touch him, hoping by that means to be-
come Fruitful.
The Gentils pay fo great a Refped
to thefe Penitents, that they think them-
felves happy, who can Proftitute Daugh-
ters, Sifters, or Kinf-vvomen to their
Leudnefs, which they believe lawful in
them ; and for this Realbn there are
fo many Thoulands of Vagabond Fakirs
throughout India. When the. Fakirs meet
with Beraghis ( which is another fort of
Penitents, differently habited, with their
Hair and Beard lhav’d ) they Fight def-
perately.
,
fI m
^•v^r? .vX&s/
~~Ch^priL
perately. T hey never Marry, and Eat
Gemelli. in the Houfes o f all Setts, except the
1695. Polios. T h ey go into the Kitchin, and
^ V ^ take what they will, tho’ the M ailer be
not at Home. T hey come together like
Swine by beat o f a Tabor, or at the
blowing o f a Horn, and march in Com-
panies with Banners, Lances, and other
Weapons, which, when they reft, they
lay down by their Mailer. T h ey Boaft
they are Delcended from Revanche-Ram,
who wandred about the W orld Poor
and Naked , and thefe Vagabonds for
imitating him, are look’d upon as Saints,
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OfIN D O S T AN
and L ive a loofe Life, with the Privi-
ledge o f committing any Crime their
Brutality fuggefts.
N ow confidering fo great a Number
o f Setts, and fuch variety o f Manners
which makes it Impratticable for them
tq be unanimous in Governm ent, it is
not to be thought ftrange that fo fmali
a Number o f Mahometans Ihould fubdue
fuch a Multitude o f Gentils ; fince D i-
Vilions and Difcord have ever been the
moll efficient Caufes in the W orld to
overthrow the greateft Monarchies,

C H A P . II.
O f the Opinions and Saperjlitions o f the Idolaters.

tym, a n P H e f e Gentils are fo blinded with not worthy to be the Objett o f his D i-
Deity. x profound Superftition, that they vine Thoughts. T h ey alfo fay there is
do not think it inconfiftent to make their a Place where he may be feen, as it
Gods be Born o f Men, and Affign them were through 3 far diftant C loud." As
W omen i believing they love the fame for Evil Spirits they believe they are
Things Men delight in. T h ey Efteem fo chain’d up, that they can do them no
Ram a mighty D eity, on account o f the Harm.
Wonders he wrought whilft Living, by They T a lk o f a Man call’d A dam . A im .
means o f a Monkey, which eroding the who was the firft and comrhon Father
Sea at one Leap, Burnt Rhevan\ Palace, and they fay that his W ife, having yield-
and Leap’d back again, to which pur- ed to the Temptation o f Eating o f the
pofe they tell a long and tedious Fable, forbidden Fruit, made her Husband Eat
Among the Goddefles they count M a - too j but that as the Mouthful he took
Mtltehicbc lachiche, who they lay never refus’d any was going down, the Hand o f G od
Goddefs. Body that ask’d it, the ufe o f her Body ^ flopp’d its palling further, and thence
as if fhe had perform’d fome extraordi- comes the Knot Men have in theirThroat
nary Pennance; and fo a Man call’d Cun- which they therefore call Adam ’s A n -
<:«»/«»«. becaufe whilfl; he L iv >d he enjoy’d p ie. 1
16000 W omen. T h e Priefthood among them is Here-* pr;eft.
Opinions Some ° f them believe there are E li- ditary, as it was form erly among the hood,
concerning fa n Fields, and that in order to come Je w s ; for, as was laid before, when a
One God. thither, a R iver is to be pafs’d, like the Brachman Marries, he muft take the
Styx o f the Antients, where they are Daughter o f another Brachman. T h ey
to receive new Bodies. Others are o f are diftinguilhable from all other Gen-
Opinion theAVorld will end very foon, tils, by a String or Rope made o f three
after which they lhall Live again, and Threads o f new Cotton, which they
go into a new Country. They all be- wear hanging about their Neck, and
lieve there is but one God, who has wound about the left Arm . It is put
1000 Arms, 1000 Eyes, and as many upon Boys o f Nine, or T en Years o f
F e e t ; not knowing any better way how A ge with great Solemnity, but never
to Explain the Thoughts o f his Omnipo- upon G irls. This String or Line is to
tency. T h ey fay they have four Books fignify the Unity o f God in three Per­
fect them by God, above 6000 Years fons, which they call Brama, n jla , and
lince, through the Hands o f their Pro- Mayejfu. T h ey w ill never Eat a Bit
phet Ram j tw o o f which Books are Ihut, without they have it on and fome o f
and two o p en } but that they can only them have been known to Fall fcveral
be Read by thofe o f their Religion. Be- Days, becaufe their Rope broke before
lides, that there are feven Heavens, in they could get another o f the Priefts.
the higheft o f which God fit s ; and that When any one is to be Expell’d the smbmem
he does not take Notice o f the particu- T rib e o f the Brachmans, Banians, or how Ex-
lar Attions o f Men, becaufe they are Bangafclines, for fome heinous Crime Poll’d.
Vol. IV . K k 2 they

/
 "•:'~^w- ■ 'W'-. . ■'> ; - •■,">v^WMi<'■:.■Aii ■
^ JfVge
rs~ A *o they take a w a y his Line thus. All that
Gemeili. are of the Tribe in that Place meet be-
1 69$. fore the Boto, or Prieft, and accufe the
o'~v"'v> Criminal o f fuch a Crime. He replies,
and if his Defence be not good, the
Roto takes away his Line, wipes off the
Till*, or Colour on his Forehead. Then
all the Company falls to chewing o f Be-
telle, eating of C<?a>-Nuts, and fmoak-
ing Tabacco, without giving the Cri-
minal any ■, only out of Pity they throw
him down on the Ground a Leaf o f T a -
bacco.
How rc- If he defires to be again admitted into
eeiv’d a- the Tribe, he mull go front Houfe to
Sain- Houfe, begging Pardon and Abfolution
o f thofe that Voted, making them ftn-
fible o f his Refignation, and Toothing
the Beta with the Prefent o f a Cow.
This done, lie gives all the T ribe a
Treat, who receive him again, and the
Prieft gives him the Line and THU.
Gentils All the Softs of Gentils on this fide
will not Ganges, are very fcrupulous as to Eat-
rat with j ng wjt[] chrifnans, and Mahometans,
ot ers» Qr ufe Df the pame Utenfils. But
thofe beyond M daca make no Difficulty
o f it.
A foolilh They are fo Silly, or Ignorant as to
Opinion conceit a Woman may Conceive by
of their , ftrengcib of Imagination •, and that tho*
they are many thoufand Miles diftant,
and that for feveral Years, yet their
W ives imagining they Lie with them,
may become with Child, and therefore
when they hear o f their being brought
to Bed, they make great Rejoycing.
A pleafant T o this purpofe, F. Galli, Prefeft o f
Paflage, tf,e 7 'htatins o f Goa, told me a pleafant
Story. D. Francis de Tavora, Earl o f
Alvor, arriving from Portugal, to be
Vice-Roy q f India ; News was brought
that his W ife, whom he left big with
Child, was deliver’d o f a Son. Among
the reft a Pagan Merchant went to Con-
gratule him, and thinking to make the
Vice-Roy a great Complement faid, 1
, wi(h year Excellency Joy, and hope y n will
have News every Tear o f the Birth o f a
Son. This would have put him in a Paf-
lion, had not fome told him that the
Idolaters held that prepofterous Opi-
nion. The Women are Happy, that
can take their Liberty, and make their
filly Husbands believe they Conceiv’d by
thinking on them.
Dying When an Idolater is Dying, his Kin-
Men. dred place a Cow near the Bed, and
fhake her T ail till ffie PilTcs; if it rea-
ches the Dying Man’s Face, it is look’d
upon as a good Token o f his future
State j otherwife, but particularly if the
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WO
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jh
d
rou^ R L D. Bookl
Beall does not Pifs, the Obfequies are
perform’d in a very Melancholy man-
ner. Befides, they put the C ow ’s T ail
into the Dying Man’s Hand, thinking
his Soul may go into her Body. In Ihort,
they believe every Man may be Liv’d in
his Religion, and his Seft, fo he exa&ly
obferve God’s Commandments, and the
Light o f Realbn} which Judgment, tho’
Falfe, fome Divines would follow, were
it not condemn’d by the Church,
The T rial upon fufpicion o f Theft a- Trial of
mong them, is by making the Party Theft.
fwim over a River that is full o f Cro-
codils, and if he gets over lafe, he is
reputed not Guilty. The Naires call
this the Paflagc o f Crocodils.
T h eft Naires are great W izards, nor Na;res
do they ever Expofe themftlvcs to any Sorcerers.
Feats o f Arms, without firft confulting
the Devil. T o this purpoft they let
their Hair fly, and draw Ibrne Blood out
o f their Forehead with a Knife j then
Dancing to the Mufick o f a Drum, they
call him aloud, and he comes to Advift
them whether they had beft engage their
Enemy. But when the Enemy repents
he gave the Challenge, and makes a Sign
to beg Peace, they eafily grant it.
Their Women are in Common. When women in
any o f them is with her, he leaves his Common,
Sword and Buckler at the Door, that
every Body may know the Place is taken
u p $ and therefore there being no cef-
tainty whofe the Children are, they al-
ter the manner o f Inheritance, as was
laid before. But i f the Women are
found to have to do with Men o f ana-
ther Seel, they become Slaves to their
Queen o f Canara. When a Brother
Marries, his W ife is Common to the
reft,
By a Priviledge granted them by their Security
Queen, they accompany Travellers for Tra-
through chofe Parts that are infefted with veilers.
Robbers, and if they happen to prefume
to Rob any Man, they all Meet, and
Purfue the Felons till they utterly E x-
tirpate them. Thus one Boy with a
Rod in his Hand makes it fafe T ravel-
ling throughout all Canara, tho’ it be
through Woods, and over Mountains,
and a Traveller for a fmall Matter may
have one from one Village to another,
T h e Superilition o f all the Gentils in Barbarity
India, makes them Murderers of their to infants.
own Children for it is their Cuftom
when the Infant will not Suck, to carry
it into the Field j and there they leave
it from Morning till Night, in a Cloth
ty’d up on high by the four Corners,
that the Crows may peck its Eyes out,
and
111
Chap. III. __” Of [ N D O S T A K
OwA-^) and this is the Reafon why there are fo
Gemelll. many Blind in Bengala. W here there
itf95- are Monkeys, the Danger is not fo great,
becaufe they being Enemies to the Crows
throw all their Eggs down from the
T re e s , and hinder their Multiplying.
C H A P .
O f feveral Pagods of the Gentils.
Variety of T the Tem ples Or Pagods o f thele
Idols. X Idolaters, which for the mod part
are Round, there are Figures o f D evils,
Serpents, Monkeys, and leveral Mon-
fters hideous to behold. In the Villa-
ges, where there are not Carvers to cut
them, they take a Stone lhap’d like a
Cilinder, or final! Pillar, colour’d Black,
and placing it on a Column, adore it
inftead o f an Idol, offering to it Sacri-
ficeo f Betle, Arecca, and other T h in g s;
as I obferv d in Travelling over difinal
Mountains, where the Country People
had made Choice, fome o f a Stone, 0-
thers o f a T ree, and fome o f an Herb
for their Idol. < both within and without abundance o f
Firft great . T h e chief Pagods, to which they go
Place of in Pilgrimage are fo u r; Giagrane, Be-
Pilgrl- narits, M atura and Tripeti. That o f
maSe- Giagrane, is upon one o f the Mouths o f
the R iver Ganges, where the Great Brack-
man, or High Prieft refides. There they
adore the great Idol Kefora, adorn’d
with many Jewels. Its Revenues main-
tain all that vail Multitude o f Pilgrims
that Relbrt thither, on account o f the
Conveniency o f the River Ganges, wafh-
ing in whofe W ater they think cleanfes
them from Sin more than any other,
Second T h e Pagod o f Benartts is Built on the
Pilgrl- Bank o f Ganges, in the City o f the fame
ma&e* Name, ahd there is a Stair-cafe from the
D oor o f it down to that R iver, to Waih
or Drink. T h e Vagabond Fakirs carry
on their Backs Veflels full o f this W a-
ter, ftopp d and feal d by the Great
Brachman, to prevent all Frauds, for
feveral hundreds o f Miles, to be well
Paid for it by rich People and Merchants
they Prefent it to. A t Weddings they
fpend the Value o f 500 Crowns o f it,
or more, it being the Cuftom to give
a Glals or two of it about after Din-
ner ; which they drink with as great a
‘% Guff:, as we ihould do fome rich Muska-
dine, or Hippocrafs. The Idol is call’d
Bainmadn, held in fuch Honour by the
Gentils, that as foon as the Paged is
j 7 b ti
<SL
ffi
A t Night the Infant is carry’d tfome,
and if he w ill not Suck is expos’d a fe-
cond, and third time in the Field, and
at laft hated as if it were fome Snake,
or Adder, and call into the River.
H I.
open’d, the Brachmans fall flat on their
Faces 5 and fome with vaft great Fans
go to drive the Flies from about the
Idol. A Brachman Marks the Forehead
o f all the Pilgrims with a yellow L i-
quor. N o Women may go into it, but
only thofe o f one certain Tribe. T here
is another Pagod near it call’d Rifcur-
das, from the name o f the Idol adorn’d
there.
T he Pagod o f M at nra is Miles T hvan-i
from A gra, on the Road to Dehli. W ith- grimace
in it is a Place hemm’d in with Marble
Bannifters, with the Idol Ram in the
middle, and two others by him ; and
Monfters, fome with four Arm s, and
fome with four L e g s; and others with a
Man’s Head, and a long T ail. T h ey
carry this Idol upon folemn Feftivals 011
a Bier, to viiit the other Gods, or the
R iver.
The fourth Pagod, is that o f Tripeti
in the Province o f Camatica, on the’
Coaft o f Cormandel, and Cape Comori • mage,
it is remarkable for the many Buildings
and Pools about it.
In the Kingdom o f B ifn a ^ there is nr
a Pagod with 300 Marble Pillars in it. P‘L T
A Portuguefe Gentleman, who had liv’d & "
forty Years in India, and was an Eye
W itnefs to it, told me, they formerly
laid out 10000 Roupies there every Year,
in making a Cart with eighteen Wheels’
on which, when the Feftival o f the Idol
w7as kept, the Brachmans mounted with
xco impudent Women Dancers, skip-
ping in Honour o f the Idol. The Cart
was drawn by 500 Men, and fome ldo-
laters, believing that Death the dired
Road to Heaven, threw themfelves un-
der the Wheels, and were crulh’d to
Pieces. Befides, that when the King o f
Goleonda Poflefs’d himfelf o f that Coun-
try, under the Conduct o f the General
Em ir Gemla, he found in that Tem ple
an infinite Number o f Gold Vefiels, and
three Diamonds o f an ineftimable Value;
one
•
 —o v \ ^ If

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I V i 1"
{ '..ri/C W -. . ^fV )f ', '\ ‘ •v'-Vfy/.',.\:'', .;:■■■ ..;■ "? v A ;■•'■. J f V ' V ' ,/’- . '

262 ^ Voyage round the W O R L £X Book 111.

r <ys^ n one o f which the faid CemU pre- Magical Books, and feveral Figures they
Gemclli. fcnCcc] t0 the Great M ogul•, and that this, make on the Gound with the Noife o f
I<59 S- General advancing into the Country o f Drums, and Latten Plates they beat,
the Naicbe o f Tanjaur, a Gentit, and ta- T hey call themfelves into the R iver to
king the City o f that Name, Thoufands Wa(h whilft the Eclipfe lafts 5 the Brach-
o f Women threw themfelves into W ells mans attend the richeft Perfons with
on account o f Religion. dean Cloths to dry them, and then make
Kfmmuor He told me further, T h at near the them fit down on a piece o f Structure fix
P*gpd. Ifland o f Ceylon, there is another final 1 Spans fquare, daub’d all about with li-
liland call’d Ramanacor, with a Pagod o f quid Cows Dung, that the Pifmires may
the fame Name j at the Entrance where- not run upon it in danger, o f being
o f is a Trough o f black Stone, and in Burnt, whilft they Drefs the Rice, and
it a Statue o f Metal, with the Eyes made other Pnlfe. They cover feveral Figures
o f Rubies j and that th e Gentils break o- made with powder’d L im e, on that
ver it Coco-Nuts full o f W ater j and Square with the fame Dung, and then
lay Figs there, to Eat them afterwards, lay on two or three Email Sticks o f
a3 i f they were SanSify’d, and Drink Wood to burn feveral Blades o f Grain,
that W ater, us Holy. Within the fur- with a great deal o f Butter -, and from
ther part o f this Pagod, is another which the manner o f the Flame to judge what
they open once a Year ; and there they plenty o f Rice, and other Corn that
adore a Brazen Idol call’d Lingers, which Year w ill afford.
is a very lewd Figure, the Parts o f Man T he chief D ivalis, or Feftivals are pivtiis,or
and Woman appearing join’d together, two, when the Moon decreafes in Otto- Feftivals.
Some Gentils wear it hanging about their her, and when fhe increafes in M arch. Sorcerers.
Necks, out o f Devotion, as the God o f AH thofe Heathen Sorcerers work W on-
Nature. ders by the help of the D evil, but par-
Mannerof A ll the Gentils are oblig’d to go once ticularly their Juglers and Tumblers,
going in in their l ife, at leaft, in Pilgrimage, to who, without all doubt, deceive the
pugri- one o f the four Principal Pagods \ but Eye. T h ey plant the Stone o f any Fruit,
mage. the rich go feveral times, carry the and within two Hours the T ree grows
Idols o f their Places o f Aboad in Pro- up, Bloflbms, and bears ripe Fruit. O-
celfion, attended by Hundreds o f Peo- thers lay the Eggs under the Hen* and
pie, and Brachmans-, who, with long Hatch them at the lame time-, which
Fans made of Peacock’s 'Feathers, drive can be nothing but meer IUufion. But
away the Flies from the Idol lying on I never faw it.
the Bier. . T h e Princes o f A fia that are Idola- j>m n
Superftiti- T hree Days before an Eclipfe hap- ters, are the Kings o f Cochinchina, Tun- dags,
ons at the pens, the Brachmans having Notice o f kin, Arachan, Pegu, Siam, China, and
Eclipfe. it, break all the Earthen VelTels, to ufe feveial Chams in great Tart ary-, in the
new Ones afterwards * and run all o f Iflands the King o f Japan, and Ceylon,
them to the River to boil Rice, and and fome Roy telets o f the Molucca Iflandsj
other Things, and throw it in for the as alfo all the Rajas in the MognPs Em-
Filhes, and Crocodils, when they find pire, but o f feveral Sc&s, fome lefs Su-
the fortunate Hour is come, by their perftitious than Others.

CHAP. IV.
The Author continues the Account o f what he faw in the Camp o f Galgala.

Aving defir’d a Chriftian Captain o f we waited for him to Pals by, to go

H A g/a, to let me know when an pay his Refpefrs to the Great Mogul. In
Opportunity offer’d o f feeing the King ihort, within an Hour I law the unhap-
o f Ftfapor, he fent on Tuefday the 22d py King, whofe Name was Sikander,
o f M arch, to appoint me to be at his come with a handlome Retinue. He
T ent in the Morning, that we might was a fprightly Youth 2$> Years o f A ge,
go together to the K in g’s Quarters to o f a good Stature, and Olive colour’d
fatisfy my Curiofity. I went according- Complexion. Aurenge Zch depriv’d him
iy, and he being ready, we both fet o f his Liberty and Kingdom, as he did
out. Being come to the King’s Tents, him o f Golconda, in the Year ro'Ss, up­
on

V° \
f(I)|
■ 6oS x\
—A
Chap. IV. O f I N D O S T A N.
rv A -^ i on Pretence that he had given Savagi
Gemelli. Paflage through his Country, which he
r695. could "not have hindred, i f he would,
' •'■ "O
T he true Original o f the K in g o f Z ifa-
Original ?ar>s misfortunes was, T hat the Queen
Kinif'of beinS Ieft a W idow, and without Chil-
vifJpor's dren, Savagi, who was offended at the
Misfor- K ing Deceas’d, for having caus’d his Fa-
tunes. ther Mair Savagi, then Captain o f the
Guards to D ie in a G oal, took the Field
with a fraall Arm y o f Scoundrels 3 and
foon made himfelf Walter o f the For-
trefles of Rajapor, Rafigar, Crapaicn, D a-
bul, and part o f M alabar. Some think
that railing the Fortifications o f Raftgar,
he there found a great T reafure, which
enabled him to continue the W ar. T he
Queen finding her fe lf in that Condition,
thought it convenient during the Mino-
rity o f Sikandar, whom Ihe had adopted
for her Son, and bred up in the D od rin
o f H ad, before the King’s D eath, to
make a Peace, tho’ Dilhonourable y leav-
ing to Savagi, the Country he had Con-
quer’d, yet to hold o f her, and to pay
half the Revenue as Tribute.
A t the fame time Pamniach, who was
' # Tributary to the fame Crown, took up
A rm s to lhake o ff that Yoke j relying
on the natural Strength o f his Country,
lying between 27 in acceffible Mountains,
call’d Sennit-pale, among which there
are Villages, m d Lands T il l’d by Gen-
tils o f the vile T rib e o f A ven ge
Zeb feeing the Forces o f the Kingdom,
amouttting to 30000 Horfe, and as ma-
ny Foot, employ’d againft thefe Rebels,
he laid hold o f the Opportunity, and
Befieg’d the C ity and Cattle o f Ztfapor •,
which he took after a vigorous Defence
o f three Years, made by Sids Manfutu,
a Black, who govern’d during the King’s
M inority, and carry’d away Sikandar
Prifoner, to whom he afterwards allow’d
a Million o f Roupies a Year, to maintain
him D eceatly.
Of the Tanafcia, King o f Goh:-onda, who, in
Ki y my T im e was fixty Years o f A g e , had
Gotcmdt. the fame Misfortune. His General Em ir
GemUt being Difgufted, invited Aurenge
Z tb to invade the Kingdom through his
means. The Ambitious Mogul hatted
thither, but notwithftanding his Intelli-
gence with the T raito r, could not com-
pafs his Defign j and was forc’d to re-
turn to his Country with Diihonour. He
afterwards again attempted the Fortrefs
o f Golconda, but the Befieg’d making a
refolute Defence, and an A rm y o f 70000
Horfe, and as many Foot keeping A n-
rerge-Z eP s Arm y in the Field within
Bounds j both Sides thought fit to con-
i '
<SL
^
263
elude a Peace on this Condition, that
Alahmud, Son to Aurenge-Zeb, lhouid
take the K in g oi Golconda’% Daughter
to W ife, and receive the Kingdom as a
Portion, after the Father’s Death.
When the W ar with Akbar was con-
eluded, Scialam was fent with a power-
furl Arm y, to Attack Golconda a-new 3
but he either thinking the Conqueft dif-
ficult, or overcome by T anafci*\ Pro-
mifes, to give him his Daughter in Mar-
riage, and Affilt him to fecure his Fa-
ther’sT h ron e 3 fo manag’d Affairs, that
he obtain’d his Father’s Confent co fettle
Peace, and tho’ afterwards he receiv’d
never fo many repeated Commands,
could never be prevail’d on to return
to the Siege, but calling his Scimiter at
his Feet, told him, He was a Mnfulman,
and could not break the Peace he had
Promis’d to keep,
Scialam thus refilling, Aurenge-Zeb
march’d in Perfbn, after he had Con­
quer’d the Kingdom o f Zifapor, with a
mighty Arm y to Befiege Colconda. A t
his firft coming, he fecur’d the Pafs on
the R iver, and Bagnagor, where the Pa-
lace was, and then without flaying to
Fortify it, by the Advice o f the Franks
he had in his Service, who gave me this
Relation, he went on to Befiege the For-
trefs, whither the King was retir’d,
T his being Built with vaft great Stones,
and encompafs’d with a deep Ditch, held
out a Siege of nine Months, tho’ Bat-
ter’d by many Pieces o f Cannon, and
particularly by three Pieces o f fuch a
prodigious Bignefs, that each o f them
was drawn by 500 Elephants, and 200
Oxen, i f we may believe what the Sol-
diers told me 3 for they could make
but a final! Breach in a Fort that was
not enclos’d with W alls, but with a
Rock. A t length, want o f Provisions,
and Dittempers that rag’d in the Place,
betides the Prefents and Promifes A u-
renge-Zeb made, did not only prevail
with the Defendants to Defert to him by
degrees, letting themfelves down from
the W all with Ropes in the N ight, but
corrupted the Governour, who furren-
dred the Fortrefs againft the K ing’s
W ill ■, he offering to pay a Tribute o f
three M illions, and 700000 Roupies,
which Aurenge-Zeb refus’d, entring the
Place Vidorious in the Year 1 6$6. A -
zamfeia carry’d away the King Prifoner,
who having a Collar o f ineftimable Va~
lue on, prefented it to him } but his
Father Anrcnge-Zeb perceiving he car-
r y ’d him on an Elephant, cry’d out to
him, becaufe he had not Bound his Hands
be-
.:.
f ------- <_ ...'■■y-wr-.p'.!'?' ■•• ■
(1) / M '
f ' Go^>\ '-m
. t
264
P v A -O behind him. T he Son anfwer’d, that he
Gemelli. was a King, and he ought to be fatisfy'd
1^95. with d e p r i v i n g him o f his Kingdom and
U YN J Liberty. Having fhut him up in the
Fort o f Dolet-sibad, the Mogul allow’d
him a wretched maintenance of 20 Ron-
pies a d ay3 but a Son being Born to him
in Prifon, which he never had whilft on
his Throne, in pitty to the Infant Born
at fuch an unfortunate time, he rais’d his
allowance to 500 Roupiesa day.
Pannaich, who had with confiderable
Forces a Hilied the Mogul in Conquering
the Kingdom, was rewarded>with death,
upon very flight jealoudes 3 which en-
raging his Son, he refus’d to pay the
Tribute, and retir’d among inacceflible
„ Mountains3 but a few years after, the
The Author's return to Goa, the fam e way he came.
r I ’'H E Seafon was now fo far advanc’d
X that to fpend any more time at
Galgala would have made me Slip the
opportunity o f going over to China 3
therefore bearing patiently with my In-
dians running away, I made the belt o f
it, and refolv’d to venture all alone thro’
a Country inverted with Robbers and
Enemies o f Chriftianity. Having heard
Mafs on Sunday 27th, I mounted but ve-
ry Melancholy 3 and believing when I
came at Night to Edoar, I fliould find
the Caravan o f Oxen for Bardesy or
fomeChriftian of Goa, was difappointed
o f both. Setting out hence on Monday
28th, I came before Noon to the Village
o f Rodelki 3 where deliring a Gentil by
iigns to make me a Cake o f Bread, the
Knave inrteadof Wheaten Flower made
it o f M achini, which is a black Seed,
that makes a Man giddy,and foil! tafted,
that a Dog would not eat it. Whilrt it
was hot neceflity made me eat that Bread
o f Sorrow 3 but could not fwallow It
cold, tho’ I had none for three days,
A t Night I lay near the Pagod o f Manda-
pour.
Tuefday 29th, meeting the Caravan o f
Oxen beyond Onor, I travel’d with it till
Sun-fet 3 but being neceflitated to alight,
and the Caravan going on, I loft light o f
it, the Night growing dark. Then being
left alone in the open Field, without
any thing to eat, or place to take lhelter,
and in much dread o f Robbers, I lay’d
me down among the Bulhes.
•' ' . '
t .......■ ' .....;................
• 1‘ ^L’
;/
Voyage round the W O R L D . Book lii.
greater Power prevailing, hefubmitted
to Pay Tribute, and receive a Gover-
nour appointed by the Mogul into his
Dominions.
Wednefday 23d, I din’d with the Cap-
tain o f Jg ra , who treated me very
handlomly, after the Country manner,
Thurfday 24th, I was conduced to a
Neighbouring Pagod, to fee a Penitent,
who held up his Arms, the Joints being
hardned, or knit together fo that he had
n oufeofthem . Friday 25th,! look’d out
for fome Company to go back with me to
Goa, becaule the Begarian o f St. Stephen
and my Interpreter were both fled3 but
could find none. I Ipent my time in
vain on Saturday, alfo feeking for Com-
pany.
C H A P . V.
' Wcdncfday 30th, when day appear’d, „
I went on alone, without any knowledge q w
o f the Road, but what the track o f the
Oxen (how’d, and come betimes to Be-
Ugen. T his City tho’ made up o f Mud
Houfes thatch'd, is very Populous, be-
caufe o f its Trade. It has a large B a-
z.ar and a good Fort, confidering it be-
longs to Moors, all built o f Stone, and
encompafs’d with a deep ditch full o f
W ater 3 but it has little Canon in pro-
portion to its bignefs, and Garrifon.
Here 1 expe&ed to have found the Ca-
ravan o f Oxen belonging to S. Stephens,
or at leaft to hear fome News o f it 3 but
no Body underftanding me, I was dif-
appointed. Thurfday the laft o f the
Month, a Moor conceiving what I could
notexprefs, conduced me to Saapour, a
Mile thence, where I found the Caravan,
ready to fet out for Bardes: T he Ca-
narlnes belonging to it, who were fub-
jefts to Portugal fhow’d me a great deal
o f kindnefs3 and finding I was fpent
with three days want, plentifully pro-
vided me with Foul and Rice 3 but could
get no Bread, becaufe the Natives do not
eat any. T he w o rfto fit Was, I muft fet
out with them immediately, and tho’ a
Canarin help’d to hold me a Horleback,
becaule o f my Weaknefs, yet it went ve-
ry hard with me. That Night we lay
in a W ood near the Village o f Jambot,
belonging to a Say or Prince o f the fame
name; the Mogul permitting fome Lords
to
i (d L
I ■.
, ^ . 1 . ,
A fy ~ < S \
Cl#
' Chap. V. ~~~~ Of INDOSTAN7~
to PofTefs thefe Barren Countries for a
Gemelli. yearly Tribute.
1595. Friday the firft o f A pril, after a few
i / Y V hours riding we pafs’d by fome Cotta-
ges, where were the Officers o f the
Cuftom-houfe and Guards of the Roads,
who are worfe than Thieves. T h at
N ight we lay on the Mountain, near
fome little Huts o f the Country People 5
o f whom I could not buy a Chicken, or
any thing elfe to fupport me.
Saturday 2d, we went down the fteep
and tedious Mountain o f Balagati, and
ttavelPd all day through Savage s Coun-
try. T h e Guards, who like Banditti
lay skulking about the W oods, flopp’d
me, and by figns ask’d, whether I could
Shoot out of a Musket, or underflood
the A rt o f Gunnery 5 and anfwering by
figns that I did not, they, at laft let me
go, fearing the Portuguefc ffiould flop their
People at Goa, becaufe I pafs’d for a Par-
tuguefe. Having travel'd a few Miles fur-
ther, we lay in the Field, and had an ill
Night o f it, near a Lake.
Sunday 3d, being E a fierday, after fe-
veral hours T ravelling, we pafs’d by
the Mogul’s Guards and Cuftom-houfe.
T here f was again detain’d ; not becaufe
they had any need o f Gunners or Soul-
diers, but to make me pay T o ll like a
Beaft ; at length fome Idolaters telling
them, the Ponuguefti who were but a
Musket fhot from thence would do the
fame, they let me go.
I went away to T iv i, and thence to
FortS. Michael, where the Caftellan and
his W ife perceiving I was fick, would
not fuller me to go any fu rth er; but by
all means would have me be their Gueft;
fending away immediately to Pimberp*,
a Farm o f the Theatins for a Ballon, or
Andora to carry nie to G a.
As the Ballon or Boat was coming, an
unmannerly formgttefe Souldier carry’d it
away by force, and there being no An-
dora to be had, returning thanks to the
Captain and his W ife, for the favour
they had fhwe’d me, I defir’d them to
order a Souldier to bear me Company
totheaforefaidFarm . T h ey were much
difpleas’d at the Ponuguefe rudenefs, and
caus’d his Captain to punifh him, and
perceiving I would ftay no longer with
them, fent a Souldier o f the Caftle to
convoy m e; who brought me to Pum-
burpa on Monday the 4th at Sun-fetting.
Here I was very lovingly receiv’d by
the Factor, who gave me a good Sup-
per, and after it an eafy Bed to reft
me.
Tne[day <th, I crofs’d the Canal in a
Vol. IV,
’ *
<SL
Iff
Ballon or Boat, and return’d to Goa to
the aforeraention’d Monaftery o f Fa-
thers in a very ill condition. T h e Fa-
ther Prgfclt feeing me fo fick, told me
that had hapned becaofe 1 would not take
his advice ; I anfwer’d Hen patior .tells
vainer* facia meis. Both he and F. H p -
politus endeavour’d to recover me .with
good Fouls, to which the befit Sauce was
their kindneis ; and thus 1 recover’d my
flitting Spirits. Weaknefs oblig’d me
on Wcdnefday 5 th to hire four Bees* or
Porters to carry me in an Andora, to fee
what remain'd worth obferving in Goa.
T h ey were all four fatisfy’d with 15
Pardaos, which are worth fix Crowns o f
Naples a Month.
Thurfday 7th, I went to vilit the Bo-
dy of S. Francis Xaverius, at the Church s - FnrSs
or Bon-Jefet, or Good Jefus, being the 3
profefs’d Houfe o f the Je fiits. T h e 1 y*
Church is indifferent large and Arch’d,
but has nothing o f good Archicedure,
being more like a great Hall than a
Church. Ic has an high Alcar, with two
on the fides, all well G ilt ; and on the
left a Chappel where the precious Body,
o f S. Francis lies. It was in a Cryftal
Coffin, within another o f Silver, on a
P edeftalof Stone; but they expe&ed a
noble Tom b o f Porphiry Stone, from
Florence, order’d to be made by the
Great Duke. Since, with the Pope's
leave, the Saints Arm was cut off, the
reft o f the Body lias decay’d, as if he
had refented i t ; and therefore the Jefu -
its for nine Years paft, do not fhew it ta
any but the Vice-roy, and fome other
Perfonsof Quality. Being told as much
at my firft coming to Goa, I fo far pre­
vail’d, as to have the Vice-roy ufe his
Power with the Provincial; and he not
knowing how to refufe him, would at
leaft deter the favour till that M orning;
ffiewlng me the Holy Body, with the
Church fliut, cloath'd in its Habit* which
is chang’d every Year.
Friday 8th, I went to fte the l urch
o f the Italian Carmelites, on a pkafant
Hill. Tho’ fmall, it is very Bautiful,
and Arch’d, as are all the Churches in
India, with 5 Ghappels, and an high A l-
tar, well G ilt. The Monaftery is hand­
fome and well contriv’d, with excellent
Cloifters and Cells, and a delicious Gar-
den, in which there are Chinefe Palm-
trees which yield a pleating fhade*
with their low and . thick Leaves,
T h efe are alfo two Cinnamon Trees,
like that o f Ceylon. A t prelent it
is decay'd from what it w as, before
the Italian Fathers were confin’d
L 1 by
2 6 1
ft)l '- §L
266 /fyrfge rofc/a/ /k W O R L D . Book III
rs-A ^ O by the K ing’s Order, becanfe only one aforefaid Palace, becaufe o f the ill A ir,
Cemelli. Portuguefe Father cannot take fo much but in that call’d Polvereira, or the
i^ 9 5- Pains. T h e firft: had been again receiv’d Powder-Houfe, two Miles from it, at
into Favour, but four of them D y’d at the Entrance o f the C ity, as was faid
Sea, coming from P o r t u g a l elfewhere. Being at firft defign’d to
Saturday 9th, there being fome A p - make Powder in, it was not then fit to
prehenlion o f the coming o f Arabian entertain a V ice-R oy j but has been en-
Ships, all the Religious Men and Priefts larg’d by degrees. T h e third is the
went down arm’d by Order o f the Arch- Fort o f Pangi, near the Fort o f Gafpar
bilhop to the Fort o f Aguada, to make Diaz.. T h e V ice-R oys have not L iv ’d
good that Pafs among the Soldiers. in it for many Years pall, and at pre-
Sunday 10th, I went to pay my R e- fent the G arrifon Soldiers are Q uarter’d
fpe£ts to the V ice-R oy, who receiv’d in it.
me very Courteoully, and Difcours’d Tm fday 1 2th, N ew s was brought o f
with me in French about tw o Hours, a- the lofs o f a Ship o f the Portuguefe Fleet,
bout N ew s front Europe and A fa , and which had run upon fome Rocks in the
when I took my Leave made me very Port o f V arfava. M y Armenian Servant
civil Offers. being Indifpos’d, I Purg’d him with the
Monday 1 1 th, the Commadore, a fmall excellent Rhubarb 1 Bought in Perfia,
Veflel, and a Firefltip Sail’d out o f the where the bell in the W orld grow s, and
Harbour for the Gulph o f Perfia, to he was foon well,
affift the King o f Perfia againft the Iman Wednefday 13th , I went with the Fa-
o f Mafcate •, who, with five Ships had thers to D ivert me at the Farm o f Pum-
Burnt the Portuguefe Factory, and feve- burpa, and Thurfday 14th , enjoy’d the
ral H oufes; robb’d the Cuftom-Houfe, good Company o f fome Friends that
and carry’d away four Pieces o f Cannon came thither from Goa. Friday 15 th , we
there were in the Fort, with the Arm s went a walking in the Noviciate o f the
o f Spain on them, brought thither from Fathers o f the Society, oppofite to the
Ormus. T h e K ing o f Perfia had then faid Country Houfe. W alking thereon
90000 Men ready to fend into Arabia Saturday itfth, I p itty’d fo many poor
Faelix, againft the Iman. Chriftians and Idolaters, who L iv e in
vice-Roys T here are three Palaces at Goa, for wretched Cottages tinder theCoco-Trees,
Palacei. the ufe o f the V ice-Roy. T h e chief o f 1 to make them Fruitful, Man’s Breath
them, call’d the Fort, near the Church helping them to b ear; without hopes o f
o f the Theatins, and Vtfco de Gama’s ever removing with their Family from
Gate, has the Profpeft o f the Channel, the Place where they are Born, becaufe
and confifts o f excellent Apartments, i f they go to another Place, their M ailers
and a Royal Chappd. In the Hall o f bring them back by force, worfe than
it are the Pi&urcs o f all the Vice-Roys, i f they w ere Slaves. Sunday 17th , after
and Governours o f India, and in another Dinner, we went to fee a Farm o f the
all the Ships and Veflels that ever came Augufiinians clofe by, where an ingeni-
out o f Portugal, fince the firft: D ifcovery ous Father had Built a good Houfe, and
o f thofe Countries. In the fame are kept Furnilh’d it handfomly.
the Courts o f Judicature, or Exchequer, Monday 18th, we went a Filhing on '
and others, and they Coin Mony, fuch the Channel, which does not only a-
Coira. as Pardaos o f Silver, and St. Thomafes, bound in all other forts, but feveral
and Pardaos o f Gold. T h e fmall Mony kinds o f Shell Filh, and particularly O i-
is made o f a Metal brought from China, Hers, fo large that the very Filh o f fome
which is neither Copper, nor Latten, o f them weighs half a Pound 5 but they
nor Lead, nor Pewter ; but a Subltance are not fo well tailed as ours. T h e Por-
differing from them all, not known in tuguefe ufe the Shells in their W indow s
Europe, and call’d Tutunaga, which they inllead o f Glafs, making them thin, and
fay has fome mixture o f Silver. T h e Tranfparent. Tuefday 1 9th, after D in -
Gsinefes ufe it to make great Guns, m ix- ner, we return’d to Goa.
ing it with Brafs. O f this, as was laid, Wednefday 20th, two Veflels from n
they make a very low fort o f Coin at Macao, loaded with Chinefe Commodi- o f t h e
Goa, call’d Baz.aruccos, 3 7 5 whereof ties arriv’d in the P o r t ; and Thurfday Cape,
make a Pardao, whofe Value is four 2 1ft , I went Aboard one o f them, call’d
Carlines o f Naples and yet any fmall the Fumburpa, to fee feveral Rarities it
Matter, or Fruit may be Bought for one brought. Friday i x i , I went in an A n -
oi thele- dora, to Vilit our Lady del Cabo, or o f
The Vice-Roys do not Live in the the Cape, Handing on the Point o f the
Illand

*
4

2^8
|I| V
<SL
"Chap. V. 7 0/ I N D O S T A N .
fv A ^ IHand of Goa, where the Prancifcans have went to the Church of the Miraculous
Geme/li. a good Church and Monaftery., .'Here Crois, to beg of God a good Voyage,
!& 9f- Night overtaking me, I was forc’d to and Saturday^, 7th diverted my felf on
t z - W lie in ti e Monaftery, and return’d to the Channel. Sunday 8th, fome Friends
Goa, on Saturday 23d. din’d with me, and Monday 9th, I din'd
I Sunday 24th, I heard Mafs at the A n- with F. Francis, and after drinking to
guftinians, to vifit my Friend and Fel- my good Voyage, we took leave pf one
Tow-Traveller for feveral Months F.Fran- another with much Concern. Tuefday
cis o f St Jofeph. Monday 25th, I went 10th, I went to the Powder-Houfe to
over to Divert my felf to a little Coun- pay my Refpe&s to the Vice-Roy, and
try Houfe, Rated on the Ifland of B ar- defire him to give the a. Letter of Re-
dcs, where on tuefday 2-5th, I faw the commendation to the General of China
Convoy of feveral Veflels return from He granted it very Civilly, offering to
Canara, with a good Stock of Rice, be- do me any other Iiindnefs.
caufe the lllands of Goa do not produce My Armenian Servant refilling to go
enough. Wednefday 27th, I took the to China, onW ednefday nth, I Bought
Air in a Boat upon the Channel- a Cafre, or .Black Slayc for eighteen
thurfday 28th, was the Proceffion of Pieces of Eight, and there being a Ne-
Corptts Chnjtiy which is made here with ceftity to get .a Licenfe to Ship him offj
much Solemnity in April, becaufe of the becaufe we were to touch at Malaca ,
Storms, and great Rains in June. Be- where the Dutch Hereticks Command,’
fore it went a Soldier a Horfe-back in I went on Thurfday 12th, to the InquL
bright Armour. Then follow’d an Image fitors to have it Pafs’d. They made a
of St. George in Wood, about which fome great Difficulty of granting it, and dif-
Perfons in Masks Danc’d •, and after them penfing with the Prohibition they them-
f e Canons, with fix Silver Maces, and felves had been Authors of * alledgiug
laftly, fix Gentlemen carry’d the Cano- that fome Cafres, who had been Shipp’d
py. , at other times, being taken, had turn’d
Friday 29th, I went to lee a Lion Alahometans. Friday 1 3th, I took Leave
brought the Vice-Roy from Mozambique, of my Friends, the Veil'd being already
who was about to fend it as a Prefent to fallen down to the Mouth of the Chani
the Emperor of China. And ft ill con- nel, in order to Sail very fpeedily j and
tinuing to Divert my felf after my late Saturday 14th, having return’d Thanks,
Sufferings, on Saturday, the laft of the and bid Adieu to the Fathers Theatins,
Month I faw. the Powder-Houfe, where 1 went Aboard with my Goods. There
they were then actually making Pow- fpeaking to the Captain, to order my
der. Equipage aqd Proviiions to be taken A*
Sunday the firft of M ay , I went to board, he Order’d it to be deliver’d to
the Cathedral to hear fome indifferent the Mafter’s Mate, for him to difpofe
Mufick, on account of the Feftival of of it as the Pilot fhould dired, he ha­
st. Philip and Jacob ; and Monday 2d, ving undertaken to keep me by the way,
Din'd with F. Francis, being invited by I putting my Provifion to his. This
him, becaufe the time of my Departure done, I return’d to the Farm of turn-
drew near. On tuefday 3d, F. Hlppoli- burpa, to have the Satisfaction of lying
tus Tifconte 'took care to Change what Arnore one Night longer.
Mony I had into Pieces of Eight, be- Sunday 1 5th, I went over to the Ifland
caufe there is a great deal loft by Carry- Charon, where the Novitiate of the Je~
ing Gold into China and a Portuguefe fuits is, to hear Mafs. Meeting there
Merchant well skill’d in chat Trade, with fome Italian Fathers, who were
made a finall Purchafe of Diamonds for Bound for China, Aboard the lame Vef-
me, they being cheap at Goa. Wednef- fel, they very Civilly Ihew’cl me all the
day 4th, I went with F. Salvador G alii, Houfe. The Church is (mail, and has
F. Vifconti, and the General of SaUette, three Altars well G ilt; but the Sacrifty
to fpeak to Jerom Vafconccllos, Captain has curious Chefts of Drawers about it
of the Veffel call’d th e Holy Rofary, made of Indian Wood, varnilh’d, with
bound for China. For their Sakes he un- the Apoftles painted on it. The Houfe
dertook to carry me ^ but refufing to is final], and the Calls tor thirty Novi-
find me Proviiions for my Mony, I was ces very little. I din’d in the Farm of
forc'd on thurfday 5th, to lay in a Stock the Augitfiinians, and lay that Night id
for fo long a Voyage. Friday <Sth, t that of the Theatins.
Vol IV.
JL 1 2 G H A f .
//> — x \ \
fill
2 68 ^ Fojv^e rofeo/ the W O R L D.
C H A P ,
The Author's Voyage to Malaca.
C \ J^ n A f l Vnday 16"t.h, the Veil'd being un-
Cemelli. der Sail I went Aboard. To-
1695. warns Evening came Aboard F. Emanuel
l / Y ^ Ferreira, a Portuguefe, Miflioner to Tun-
chin, who wore a Reverend long Beard-,
F. Jofepb Condoni, a Sicilian , going to
his Million of Cochinchina, which Fathers
had been Summon’d to Rome, by his
Holinefs Pope Innocent the i ith, becaufe
they had refus’d to Obey the French Bi-
ihops and Vicars Apoftolick in thofe
Kingdoms, to the great Scandal of the
Chriftians, who faw the Church-Men
Excommunicate one another, and eight
other Jefuits of feveral Nations, who
were going to China •, befides ten others
who went in the Vellel of the Merchants
of Goa., call’d Pumburpa, which carry’d
the Lion above-mention’d.
The Fathers of the Society are in
fuch Efteem and Reputation in India ,
that at Night the Vice-Roy came to
Vilit thofe that were Aboard the two
Ships, and flay’d till Mid-night in thefe
two VilRs. Laying hold of thisOppor-
tunity, he himfelf recommended me to
the Captain, telling him, I was a curi-
ous Gentleman, that Travell’d only to
fee the World, and therefore he ihouid
ufe me well. His Recommendation had
but little Effect, becaufe the Captain,
*■ who was Bred in China, had quite for-
got the Portuguefe Civility, which
in all Places I found they Pra&is’d
more towards me, than towards their
own Country-Men } nor did he value
another Man’s Merit, or Qualifications.
As foon as the Vice-Roy was gone they
weigh’d Anchor, and the Veflels were
tow’d by feveral Paraos, which are long
Boats with fixty Oars, and Ballons,
which are fmaller; the City Pilots being
Aboard, to carry the Veflels beyond the
Flat, which is before the Fort of Gafpar
Diaz., near which we lay all Tuefday,
becaufe the Wind blew hard.
Wednefday 1 8th, the fame Wind con-
tinuing, and the City Pilots having no
hopes it would fall, weigh’d Anchor two
Hours before Day, and began to have
the Ships tow’d again by the Ballons and
Paraos. But the Wind riling, to avoid
the Rock, they both run upon the Sand,
There being danger that the Ship might
fplit ac the Flood, it being then Ebb,
every one endeavour’d to carry off his
%L
Book 1 I f
V I.
Goods, efpecially Mony, and to get it
Alhore; and it.would go hard with the
City Pilots, if once the Veflels were
ftranded, and they did not fly. I put my
Baggage Aboard a Coafter, and leaving
my Slave with my Provilions, went to
Goa for a new Licenfe from the Inquiii-
tion, to put the Black Aboard the Coa-
Her, in cafe the Ships that were ftranded
ihouid be rendred unfit to perform their
Voyage ; which I got with fome Diifi-
culty for the Reafons above alledg’d.
Whilft 1 was ftill at Goa, the Vice-
Roy gathering abundance of Paraos and
Ballons, went in Perfon to get off the
Veflels with the Flood ; which being
done, they came up again to take in as
much Water as they had thrown over
Board to lighten themfelves. The ho-
neft Pilot, and Mailer’s Mate of our
Ship had alfo thrown over the Paifengers
Provifion and Fruit ■, but not their own,
which afterwards they did Eat till they
were ready to Crack. Taking leave a-
gain of the Fathers Galli and Tifconti, I
return’d Aboard with my Baggage, but
was not told they had thrown over
Board three great Baskets of Wine full
of Mangos, for had I known it, I would
have provided other Fruit,
We got not out on Thurfday 19th,
through the Fault of the City Pilots ■,
but about break of Day, on Friday 20th,
the Wind blowing fair at N. W. our
Vellel call’d the Rofary, the Pumburpa,
and four Coailers put out to Sea. The
Jefuits, as they were the firft that went
off, fo would they be the laft to return
Aboard. The fame fair Wind continu’d
Saturday 21ft, and Sunday 22d.
Monday 23d, the Pilots by Obferva-
tion found we were in the Latitude of
Cochin. We had great Rains, and ftor-
my Winds every Day and Night, but
they did not laft above an Hour. They
call thefe Tempefts Sumatras, from the
Ifland o f that Name. Holding on our
Courfe South on Tuefday 24th, the Pi-
lots judg’d we were in the Latitude of
Cape Comori -, which is like that of Good
Hope. It is to be obferv’d that in this
Place they find a moft unaccountable
work of Nature ; which is, that at the
fame time it is Winter at Goa, and all
along that Coaft, it is Summer upon all
the oppolite Coaft, as far as the King­
dom
(ffit
V V sSgs/
■ ‘ ... ~ .. c
ChiTvi; Of IN D o S T A R
fXA^/Ti dornof Golconda, and thus in a few Hours
Gemelli. they go from W inter to Summer y which
1695. is experimentally known to be true eve-
■ (✓ V ’VJ ry D ay, by the Natives o f Madure, T i-
ar, Tanjaur, Ginge, Madrafiapatan, the
People o f the Notches, and other Pagan
Princes.
Wcdnefday 25th, making an obfervati-
on we found our felves in the Latitude
o f Cape Galli in the Ifland o f Ceilon,
which was joyful News to all abroad, as
being then fure they fliould continue their
Voyage y for had the South W ind ftart-
ed up before we reach’d that Place, we
could have gone no further, but mull
have run away to Northward, as hap-
pend to two Ships o f China., which fbt
out in the Year 1693. and put in to refit
after the Storm , the one at Damam,
arid the other at Bombaim. Ori the con-
trary being once in the Latitude o f Cape
GaUi, no Wind could put us by our Voy-
age. VVe were here according to the
Pilots Computation 600 Miles from Goa.
T h e Ifland o f Ceilon befides its rich
Ceilon I- Cinnam on, which is carry’d all the
(land. W orld over, has the bell Elephants, as
was faid above, and a Mountain that pro-
duces Rock G ryfta l, o f which at Goa
they make Buttons, Beads, and other
Things.
Thurfday m l) , we found our felves
in the Latitude o f 6 Degrees oppoiite to
the Bay o f Btngda y and all the Mouths
o f the River "Ganges running into it ,
whilft at the fame time the natural Cur-
rent o f the W ater is from South to
North, that Sea is very rough. This
made the Ship often lye athwart the
W aves, and kept us all continually
Bergsit watching for fear. T his Kingdom o f Ben-
Kingdom, gala is accounted the moft Fruitful the
Mogul has, by reafon o f its Rivers. It
has a great Trade for Siik, Calico, and
oiber Stuffs. Finding our felves in this
Latitude we flood to the Eaftward, and
on Friday 27th, were oft' the M aidive
Iflands. Saturday 28th, the fame fair
W ind continu’d, but with the fame R ow -
ling. Sunday 2.9th, the W ind held on,
and a Sailer dy ing was thrown over
Board. Monday 30th, we were Becalm’d,
but Tuefday the laft o f the Month the
W ind came up again, blew harder on
Wcdnefday the firft o f June , and held
fair on Thurfday id .
Nicobar Friday 3d, we were in light o f the I-
Illand and Hand o f Nicobar , the Wind blowing
Aniemon frefher. This Ifland pays a Tribute o f a
certain number o f human Bodies to the
Ifland o f Andemaon, to be eaten by the
Natives o f it. Thefe Brutes rather than
j 1 » .|
\69
Men, ufe when they have wounded an
Enemy, to run greedily to flick the Blood
that runs. T he Dutch are W'irnefies o f
this Cruelty o f theirsy For they going
with 5 Ships to fubdue them and landing
800 Men, tho’ they were well Intrench’d
to defend themfeives againfl thole wild
People y yet they were moft o f them
kill’d, very few having the good Fortune
to fly to their Ships,
Sieur Francis Coutinho General o f Salute
told me that the chief Motive the Dutch
had to attempt the Conqueft o f that I-
Hand, was a Report fpread abroad, that
there was a Well in that Ilknd, whofe
W ater Converted Iron into G old, and
was the true Philofophers Stone. The
ground o f this Rumour was, an Enghjh
Ship putting into that Ifland after a dread-
fill Storm, where they obferv’d that a 4
little W ater which an Wander carry’d,
being fpijc upon an Anchor, that part
o f it which was wet with it, turn’d into
Gold-, and asking him where he had
that W ater, he told them out o f a W ell
in the Ifland, after which they kill’d him.
I can neither affirm nor deny that there
is fuch a Welly but only declare this
Story was told me by f . Emanuel Ferrei-
>a, and by Coutinho a Knight o f the Or-
der o f Cl)rift, before F. Galli at Goa,
who had alfo heard o f it before. No
Man in Europe or A fia can give any more
certain Account o f it, beeaufe thofe Peo-
pie have no Commerce with any Nation
in the W orld.
Saturday 4th, the fair Wind continu-
ing, we came o ff the point o f Achem y ,
where the Malay Sea begins, fo call’d
from the Malayes inhabiting thofe 1Hands. Jfland'
Achem is on the EaftermoSt Point o f the
Ifland Sumatra y a Country not Govern’d
by a King, as Tavernier thinks, but al-
ways by a Queen y the Males being ex-
eluded that Inheritance, by the Laws of
the Kingdom. Thete are other Kings
and Princes in this Ifland, par 1 Mahome-
tans and part GentUs-, whole Subjects are
near as Barbarous as the People o f A n -
demaon, particularly the Inhabitants o f a
Mountain call’d Bata, that is, Rock, not
far from Achem, who Cruelly Play for
oneanothers Lives. When the Game is
done, the W inner binds the Lofer, and
Hays all Day for fomc Body to buy him,
when if none comes he Kills and Eacs
him y as Coutinho told me, who had been
up the laid Ifland o f the Kingdom of A -
chem. The Natives firmly believethatifa
Dying Man eats a roafted Cuckow he
fecures his Paflage to Heaven y fo that it
is a good Trade to carry thofe Birds into
the
T 11 . . '
!|| ■
■ ' ' ' ............... ” *
I'jo A Voyage rounh the W O FL L D.
f v X o the ifland which is Very fruitful aud
Gemclli. Rich. In it is found much Gold D aft
(which makes fon.e fuppofc it to be the
v ^ Y N ; A u naC h erjbncfH s o f the Antients) T in ,
Iron Camphire, Sulphury white Sandal
and Pepper. The Dutch every Year buy
ioo oo Pkos o f Pepper, every Pico is
5 ,0 Pounds Spamfh, which they fell to
the Moors; who like it better than any
other, becaufe being fmaller, they put
it into their film whole. T h e A ir o f
the Country is bad, efpecially for Stran-
pers
^ Sunday Ktli, the Wind fail’d us near
this Bland, as it always ufes to do •, lb
that as much time is fpent, by reafon of
the continual Calm between that Place
and Malacca, which are but 230 Miles
afunder, as in 150 0 there are from Goa
thither, as the Pilots lay. Befides, the
Calm and the Current is contrary, and
rather put Ships backward than forward,
for which reafon we perceiving there was
too much W ater to Anchor, were forc’d
to draw to Shore, for here we always
run clofe under it to drop our Anchor,
that we might not lofe way when the
contrary Current met us.
Monday 6th, the Calm continu’d, and
I loft the Pilots Table , for he would
not find me any longer 3 and what molt
vex’d me was, that o f thirty Fouls I
brought from Goa, I had eaten but feven,
and all the reft were flown 3 a Misfortune
Travellers are expos'd to. The W ind
frelhning onTuefday 7th, we fail’d almoft
due South, and leaving behind the Ifland
called dos Degradados, or o f bauilh’d Men,
where the Governours o f Achem con-
fine Criminals, we came oppofite to that
call'd da Rainha, or the Queens 3 recove-
ring fifty Miles the Current had carry’d
us back. But IVednefday 8th, we were
not only Becalm’d, but not being able
to Anchor, the Stream carry’d the Ship
fix Miles back.
‘ Thurfday ptli, we drew towards the a-
forefaid Illand with little W in d , and
came to an Anchor late in eighteen Fa-
thorn W ater, a Mile from Land. Friday
10th, we weigh’d and dropt Anchor
three feveral times for want o f W ind,
as was alfo done by the Ship Fumburpa
and an Englilh Man. Saturday 1 1 th, the
W ind blew frelh betimes, and carry’d
us forward. W e call’d to fome M alaya
belonging to the Ifland, who were Filh-
ing, but they would not come 3 and two
that gave Ear to us kept at a great
diftance for fear. Having given them
fome Bisket and Veflels to fetch W ater,
they were never feen more. Thele In-
1 x
jj p i
f t .. 1 ... . 1
<SL
^
Book 111.
habitants o f the Ifland live worfe than
Beafts 3 and their low Cottages cannot
poflibly be feen, becaufe o f the thick
green T rees about them, as is ufual all
along this Coaft we had hitherto run. I
was told there were none but Cottages
at Achem, and that only the Queen’s
Palace, ihe being then an old Woman,
is o f Tim ber, with a poor Mud Fort,
Eighty Miles beyond S erra da Ramha,
or the Queen’s Mountain;, the Current
is not always contrary , but runs fix
Hours one way and fix the other. The
Heat here is exceffive, becaufe the Storms
call’d Sumatra! and the Rains, which ne-
ver fail in the Bay, are here rare and
moregentle. The W ind ceafing oaSun-
day 12th, the Boat was fent a Shore for
W ood and W ater, but found none 01
the latter. .
Monday 13th, we advaned as far as
the Point o f Targiapoury where a good
River falls into the Sea, a Place grateful
to Sailers, becaufe from thence forward
the Current is not fo rapid. Tuefday
14th, we made but little way, firft with
the Land and then with the Sea Brieze-,
but we were worfe afterwards, for the
W ind wholly ceas d on Wednesday 1 5th.
Thurfday 16th it blew very faintly 3 and
Triday 17th there was none at all.
Saturday i8th? we made fome way in p0iverejr^
fight o f the Ifland Polvereira, but the Illand.
W ind failing, could not reach it till Sm -
day 19th, when we lay o ff it. T he Com-
pafs o f it is two Miles, and it has abun-
dance o f T rees and a good Brook 3 but
no Inhabitants. T he next Night we
were well walh’a by a great Shower o f
Rain 3 for at this Ifland the Sumatra! be-
gin again and hold to M alaca, never
failing either by D ay or Night,
Monday 20th, the contrary Wind bin-
dred us making much way, but what we
gain’d in fight o f the two fmall Iflands
the Fortuguefes call a! dua! lrrnaas, or the
two Sifters, becaufe they are near toge-
ther. Tuefday 2 1ft , we lay o ff the I-
Hand A m , befet with many Rocks, and
IVednefday 2zd, crofling the Streight drew
near the Continent 3 fo that on Thurfday
23d, we were oppofite to Mount Fulpor-
felar. Friday 24th, we Sail’d along the
Coaft, which is thick cover’d with T rees,
and fubjeft to a petty King that lives in
the Woods like a Beaft. Saturday 25th,
we met feveral Chintfe Barks call’d So- SomasChi-
maty loaded with Rice and bound for A - W ™ -
cbem. T hey carry’d four Sails made o f ie‘s”
Mat, two o f them on the fides from the
main M a lt, like the Wings o f a Bird
when it flies, extended by two great
Poles »
• •
t(f)|
M y—

^y y
Ch^m P n d o s
C \ J^ S \ Poles, another at the Forem aft, and the
Gemelli. fourth at the Beak. T h e Shape o f the
1 695. Vellel is very odd, for the Head is as
\y~sT ^ i wide as the Stern. T ow ards Evening
we were near Cape Rachado.
Sunday 26th, when we w ere in fight
o f M alaca, the W ind ftarted up contra-
<SL
T a n T ~ 7X
ry and hindred us entring the Port, fo
that we were forc’d to Call A n ch o r; but
on Monday 27th, wc Anchor’d on the
Shore o f the City. Soon after I went
afhore with the Captain, and took a
Lodging in an Inn.

C H A P. VII.
Art Account of what is worth obferving at Malaca.

M
A la ca isfeated on the Southermoft foch good Chriffians among Infidels and
part of the Antient Cherfonefus, Calvmifis. But their heavy Sufferings
in 2 Degrees, and 20 Minutes Latitude, make them wiih for a change o f G overn-
5 M a n d therefore the Days and N ights, are ment, and to be under fome Catholick
jnd l.^.p. always equal. T h e Portuguefe under the Prince.
1x78c xi8. Command o f their General Albuquerqe Tuefday 28th, I went into the Fort The Fort,
took it from the K in g o f Ihor, but not on the right Hand, entring the Channel,
without the expence o f much B lo o d ; It is about a Mile incompafs. T h ereare
but in the Year 16 4 0 , it was taken from fix fraall T ow ers furnifh’d with fufficient
them by the Dutch, after they had de- Cannon, and a Ditch towards the Sea
fended it bravely for fix Months. T h e and Channel. T h e two Gates are one
Antients thought M alaca was an Ifland towards the R iv er, and the other to­
by reafon o f the many Channels running wards the South Cape. T h e G overnor
acrofs its Land ; but the exadnefs o f the o f the C ity commands in it, and has
Moderns, has difeover’d this error, under him a Garrifon o f 18 0 Souldiers.
T h e Houfes are o f T im b er, and for the In the midlt o f it is a riling ground, on
molt part the W alls and Roofs cover’d which Hood the Church and M onailery
with Mats, but there are fuch abundance o f the Jefuits, when it was poflefs’d by
o f Palm and other T rees all about, that the Portuguefe; but the Dutch pull’d
at a diltance, it looks more likea W ood down the Dorm itories, leaving only the
than a City. It is Inhabited on both fides Church for their own ufe, and a T o w e r
o f the R iver by Portuguefe Chrifiians, adjoining to it, to put up their Colours.
Gentils o f feveral Parts, Moors, and W ithin the fame Fort, was the Church
Chm efes, for which reafon, when the o f the M ifericordia ; but that having
Governor puts out any Order, it is w rit been Batter’d by the Cannon, fervesnow
in thofe four Languages, befides Dutch, for a M agazine.
It contains about 5000 Souls, molt o f T h e Climate is tem perate, as has
them Portugmfe Catholicks, better in- been faid, and the Soil Fruitful, becaufe
ftru&ed in matters o f Faith, than any it never mifles any day being w ater’d by coco-nuts
in Europe ; there being Children 10 , or a Ihower o f Rain. It produces almoftall
1 2 years Old, that anfwer to queftions the forts o f Fruit found at C m ; but the
concerning Religion, as folidly as a D i- Coco-nut, is three times as big. W hen
vine could d o ; and this becaufe o f the gather’d green they call it Lagna, and
continual palling o f Milfioners o f the the W ater o f it ferves to drink ; but
Society through this place to China., Tun- when full ripe, it has a Pulp, like an A p -
chin, Cochinchina and other parts. But pie, tender, and well ta ile d ; which is
the Dutch forbidding them theexercife not found in the Coco-nuts o f Goa.
o f the Catholick Religion , they are T h e Durlon o f Malaca is alio very Fa-
forced to have it in the W oods, with mous, and Strangers when once us’d to Durlon.
much danger; and to bear patiently its fmell, are fo fond o f it, that they can
with the excelfive T axes laid on them, not be without it. T h e T re e is very
more than the Jew s and Mahometans, tall, and the Fruit grows out o f the thick
Y et there.is no D anger they fhould be- part o f the Branches, like the Jacca.
come Proteftants, but on the contrary It is almofl: round, and refembling the
fome Dutch have been known to ab- Fruit o f the Pine-tree. W hen ripe it is
jure, through the means o f their W ives, yellow , with fome Points Handing out
Ic was no (mall comfott to me, to fee about i t ; and the Pulp within loft,
and

17}
 —< V \ «

|C l)| .*n<AA
■« ft ^ i s|
<SL "

2^.2 >4 Voyage round the W O R £ D. Book III

^ “ ^ ^ i d e d i n . fix parts,with Arms o f i V w , / The Port o f / * / « «
< £ £ £ / as many Stones, which when dry, are is very fafe M has a great 1 rade from
i do«. eaten like other Jiernefs. It fmels like Eaft and W e ft , and therefore the
a rotten Onion, but has an excellent z*rs o f the City are furmfhd with the
tafte : fo that when the nofe is once us’d belt R am ies ot Ja fa n , Cb.na Bengala,
to the firft, the PaOate is well pleas’d the Coaft o f Coromandel, P e r fa and 0-
with the 2d ther Kingdoms.
The Mangufian a W ild Fruit is very 1 faw fuch beautiful Patrols there,
KUm flm good, round and as big as an A pple, that a Painter could not draw any thing
with fix freaks on the top, like a Star, fo fine r Some of them had all the Body
When ripe it is yellow without, with and W ings red, and the Legs green. O-
white divifions within, like Cloves o f tfaers, call’d N orn, the Body red, the
G arlick : But foft and Tweet. The Rind Head black, or dark blew, and the W ings,
ponder’d and drank in W ater, flops the and Legs o f a light blew. Others were
bloodv Flux o f m aft) colour> Wlth S reen W ings.
*» {* . T h e Jamboa is a Fruit, as big as a And others white, with a yellow toft,
large Melon, and has the Rind, lhape, call d Cacamas-, and thefeare taken in the
and colour o f an M am 's Apple 5 but the Iflands o f 7 tra m , Ambonr, M acaftr, and
quarters o f it are like thofe o f an Orange, ja v a , but they are lefs than thofe oi
and of the fame tafte. There are America.
W hite,Yellow, and Red, according to the Wednesday 29th, they ihew’d rae a Cefareu
feveral forts o f Trees * which is like the Black Bird they ca 1 Cafuares, twice as
'Taranja deferib’d among the Fruit oiG oa. big as a fjf t m . Cock, with Bones in_the
T he A fam rn * is an ad d Fruit, grow- W ings, like Whalebone, and the beak
ins at the foot o f the Indian Canes, good and feet like an Oft rich. Its Lggs are
to pickle, as big as a Walnut, o f an white and gteen, and is taken in the
earthy colour without, and white with- IRand o f Ja va . -
in, with a Stone in the middle. Iburfday oth, I eat a rate Fifh, call d Bdlmt.
T he Romania is as big as a green W al- Balanca. Underneath it is jk e a Crab,
Komanti. cool and good t0 Make the fame fort at top like a Tortoife, and has the Head
o f Sauce .. arm d with a Sword y boil d ittaftesjuft
T h e Saga, fo highly valu’d by the like a Crab ; the Male and Female are
Ugu‘ PortuzHefe, is the Root o f a T ree, that always found coupld. Ih o there are fuch
prowl on the Coaft, and the M alayan Rarities fM a U c a ^ t is dear living there,
carry to fell at M daca, whence by tea- apiece of Eight a day being litte enough,
fan o f its good cels, it is tranfported T h e Dominion o f the Dutch, reaches
to India. China, and other places (till but three Miles round the City ybecaufe ^
further diftant. It is rarely well tafted the Natives being a wud People living
made into a Sweet-meaty it is alfogood like Beafts, they will not eafily fubmit
in Broth, and its clouded Seeds diffolv’d, to bear the Holland Yoke. They are
thicken like Glew. call’d Menancavos, very great 1 hieves,
T h e Bacciam is a wild Fruit, like a Mahometans as to Religion, and fuch
Manyo, arid fharp to make Sauce. mortal Enemies to the Dutch, that they
Butisnu T here are alfo feveral forts o f Herbs do not only refufe to have any Commerce
d if f e r in g from ours, and among the with them, but cut them in pieces, when-
Herbs. reft the Gnama and Cclada, which tafte foever it is m their Power. A n d th isis
like boil’d Sellery. the reafon, why the Plains o f M daca,
Pert The City M daca gives Laws to all abounding in Indian Canes, they cannot
13* 5 2 . Ships that pafs the Streight, obliging be cut without much precaution, for
them to pay Anchorage, whether they fe a r o f thofe Barbarians. T heir K in g
put into the Port or not. SpaniJIs and For- call d Paganvyon^,has his Refidence at N a ­
turaefe Ships pay too pieces o f Eight ni, a Village made with Mats ill put to-
each, others left. T he Dutch are fo hard gether, m the thickeft o f the W ood. N o
unon thefe two Nations, becaufe they better account can be had of -heir Coun­
fay they paid as much, when the Tor- try for want o f Commerce with them.
tuguefe were Matters ot it. The E n - Along the fame Coaft liver, another
J , l are nor only free from this burden, fort o f half Men, call d Salutes, Mahome-
but much honour’d i for two Ships o f tans, as well as the others, m Boats and
theirs feinting with 18 Guns, the Fort moveable Houles. They are both Hlh-
anfwer’d with 19 , whereas our two Vef- er-men and Iirates along the Coaft •, a
fels faluting withfeven, they return’d no robuft fort o f Men, govern d by a chief
anfwer; cho’ the Pumburta, put out the theycall Palimajatti, like Banaitn.
L o A *«

iiA...' ' . . . .
 ----- f .. ' ..7
IIP
A # ' ®otss^\
"ChapTv 11I .______
chap.
Defcriftton o f the dangerous Streight o f Sincapufa, W o f the People
Inhabiting about it.
rV A ^ n T Might eafily have gone to M anila,
G tm clli. I aboard the Veflel call'd Potato, which
came in£o the P o r t ; but I voluntarily
let flip that fair O pportunity, being
defirous to fee China. In order to it,
going all again aboard the Portuguefe
Veilels on Friday the firft o f Ju ly ; as
we were r e a d y to Sail our V oyage was
retarded by fomc W ords that pats’d be-
tween the Pilot and Matter’s Mate. The
iirft o f them went away aboard, the
Pumburpa , and all the Day, and parccn
the N ight being fpent in fending and
proving, the Captain would have me
draw up’ a form o f Proteftation, to be
notify’d to the Pilot. He could not be
prevail’d upon to return to the Ship,
tb that we were forc’d to Sail with ano-
ther after Mid-night.
f Saturday 2d, in the Morning w e An- -
S f chord, the Wind being contrary; which
lafting all Sunday 3d, we made little or
no way. Monday 4th, we run up on a
Bowling, and found our felves at Nights
oppohre'to a great Mountain, over the
R iv e r Fermofo. T h is is a deep R iver,
whofe Source is many and many Miles
up the Country. On its Banks grow
abundance o f excellent Indian Canes,
which the Inhabitants o f Malaca cut to
Trade. Some o f them are thick, with-
out ariy Knot, to ferve for walking
Staves, and others flender, and eighteen
Spans long, which cot are put. to many
Ufes as to make Bed-fteads, outward
D oors, Chairs, Stools, Baskets, Ropes,
Pack-thread, and Sewing-thread ; for
when fplit thin, the Threads bow every
way without breaking, and are proper
to Sew with.
Tuefday «th, we lay at Anchor, and
made but little way on Wednefday 6th,be-
c a u f e the W ind wa, contrary. Thurfday
7th the fame Canfe made us lofe, ra-
ther than gain Ground ; and it had been
worfe on Friday 8th, had we not dropt
Anchor again after weighing. . Saturday
oth, we "were quite becalm’d. Sunday
10th, the Wind coming up pretty fair,
we left the Ifland Fulpiffon, and two, o-
ther fmall Rocks a-ftern. T h e firft is
fo call’d, becaufe ihap’d like a Fig, for
in the Malaye Language Pul fignifies an
Mand and Pitfon a Fig!
Monday 1 ith, we pafs’d by the Ifland
Vol. IV .
• j~
§L
Of 1N D O S t A N
vui.
Pdcarim an, which, tho’ large, is not
Inhabited any more than the reft. Ther).
we came, to an Anchor ac the Mouth p f
the Streight, before Sun-fee, both be-
caufe the W ind was contrary, and be-
caufe we, founded all the way ; for tho’
the good Pilots o f Macao Sail that way
twice a Year, yet they never remember
any thing o f it. On the left, going
from M alaca, the Mouth is four or five
Fadom deep, and fix or feven on the
right.
There are abundance o f other Iflands Many.,
between Sumatra, and Cape Ikor, which lhanda.
are not fet down in the Maps ; tho’
fome.of them are fo large that they are
call’d Kingdoms. Some o f them belong
to the K ing’s o f Jam bi, and Palumbo?;,
Iflands adjoining to Sumatra, on the
Coaft oppofite to Malaca., where the
Dutch have a Faftory, and.Tome to the
King of R m , on the, right o f , the
Streight o f Sincapura; all three, Kings
Mahometans as to their Religion, and
MaDyes by Defoent.
; T his multitude of Iflands makes abun- The
dance o f Streights, all dangerous to Pafs; Stvei^hts*
but particularly that o f Sincapura, where
we w ere, which yet is moft frequented
by the Natives, to go to, and return
fpeedily from Siam, Cochmhina, Ttm-
chin, M anila, China, japan, and other
Kingdoms o f A ft*. T h e other call’d
del Covemador, or the Governours, is fo
deep, that very often there is no An-
choring in i t ; but being much wider
than the other, the European Ships, that
is French, Englijh, Dutch, and others
ufe it very much. The other Streights
are call'd o f Carvon, Darien, Javan, and
Ikor ; befides many more, which take
Name from the Iflands that form them,
That o f Ikor is only payable betwixt
the Continent, and the Iflands, where
a long Channel ends, which leads to
the Metropolis o f die fame Name, con-
fitting o f Cottages, and thence to the
Sea of the Contracafta,, or oppofite Coaft.
T he Dutch have a Fadory at that Court
to Trade tor Pepper. >
Tuefday 12th, we ended the: Mouth s t M
o f the Streight of fm capura betimes, Street,
which is a quarter of a League over at
firft i but further in wider, tho enclos d
by Co many Iflands that they are a meer
M ra Laoy-
■

■ Gotw \ ' *
fClt
—< V v 1 ^
\ iv » 4 /
______________ _____ _
274" AToyage roundthe W O R L D .
“ , aw .n t h m Shins; which thofe who
Cr ^ n'~lP v f J I nr fpen it before think they fhall
i6 o f' never get out of feeing Land on all
*> ?£, SnL The fecond Mouth is but half
fo Wide as the firft, but only a Mile in
W r h and all the diftance between the
two Months is eight Miles. T his nar-
rmv Pailage is rendred the more dange-
miTs bv the violent fetting o f the W a-
ter backwards and forwards at Ebb and
Flood. In other refpeds the Eye is de-
lighted with the beautiful Green o f To
many 1 {lands adorn’d with tall and thick
Trees which are never left naked like
ours in Europe in W inter.
T h e Malaycs, call’d Salines, Live a-
5 2 . l 011g this Channel, in portable and Float-
muyes. BHoufes They dwcU oa the W ater
in Boats cover’d with Mats, with Canes
interwoven in the middle to lie on •, nor
are thev difturb’d either at their brutal
Solitude the ill A ir, or the dreadful-
nefs o f the neighbouring Woods. T h ey
are ingenious at Fithing, which they
Live on, either Angling, or lin kin g
the leaft Filhes through with Spears
made o f Bamboo. Some o f them came
to our Ships fide, with their Women
and Children in their Floating-Houfes
to set Veflels, Iron, Knives, Tabacco,
and other T rifles, in Exchange for Fifh
thev having no knowledge o f Mony.
T h ev are not fatisfy’d i f they had the
value o f 100 Pieces of Eight in Exchange,
they are fo Miftruftful, Falfe, and
Wicked ; but upon any flight Occafion
ftrike their Spear in any Man’s Body, or
elfe a fmall Knife call’d Crifi,, they wear
bv their Side. They are Subjeft to the
K in g o f Ikor, who therefore has a Cn-
ftom-Houfe for Filh in the midft o f the
Channel W e came to an Anchor near
ft by reafon of the Calm.
n Wednefday 13th, we got out o f the
Trhe,M°aft Streight, leaving behind us on the right
of nor. cQ| er,d with MatSj fec up
on Poles f and keeping along the Coaft
o f Ikor where I faid the other Mouth
o f the Channel o f that Name was ^ the
W ind came up contrary, which oblig’d
us to call: Anchor near that barbarous
C ntrv
T h e Kingdom o f Ikor, as I faid, a-
bounds in Pepper, a fort o f white Cop-
per the Portuguefe call C d n n , Indian
Canes Rice, Arecca, Coco-Nuts, and
other Things, which keep up its Trade
with other Nations j particularly with
the Batch who therefore ufe all their
Endeavours to hinder others from re-
Porting thither, allowing no Veflels to
pafsby M alaca, without theGovernour’s
mm t
,■ * . '
' I
§L
L ’fl 4
_____________ _____________ __.
Book III
I.eave. The Inhabitants o f Ikor, and
the Salines wear a Garment to their
W a fte ; and from thence down, both
Men and Women cover themfelves with
a Linnen Cloth. T he Women wear
their Hair dilhevell’d without Breading;
but the Men lhave their Heads, and
Beards, only keeping long Whiskers.
Inftead o f a Turbant, they tie a fmall
Linnen Rag, like; a Fillet about their
Foreheads. - , , .
Thkrfday 14th, the Wind being con-
trary, we Anchor d o ff Cape Romania.
Friday 15th, we Sail d along the Coaft
of Romania ■, leaving a long row o f Iflands
on the right* that Sea being all over full
o f them. Abottt Evening w e p a fid by
Pedra Branca^ Dr the white Rock, fo
call’d by the Portuguefe, being a fmall
white Rock riling a little above the W a-
ter, and fo plac’d in the middle of the
Channel, with two others adjoining to
it, that it has fplit many Ships that were
unacquainted with it.
T h e Portuguefe told me, That a Blafphemy
Country-Man o f theirs being to go that Pumfli d.
way in a Ship o f his own, laden with
much Gold, and other rich Comraodi-
ties * he was continually asking o f the
Pilot, when they fhould be pafl.it-, and
thinking every Hour an A ge til he was
out o f that Danger, repeated the Que-
ftion fo often, that the Pilot grown
weary o f him, find they were already
beyond it. Then he diftrafted with Jo y ,
broke out into thefe execrable W ords,
That God could not now make him Poor.
But he went not unpumlh d , for the
Ship foon ftruck upon the white Rock-,
and having loft all, he only fav d his
Life to be the more Miferable.
Saturday i6 tb , holding on onr Courfe
with a brisk G ale, we got out from a-
midft fo many Iflands, which ftretch-
ing out towards the South, along the
streight o f Banco, which is the way to
Batavia, left us a clear and open Sea,
our Courfe being Eaftward. The Wind
frelhing, carry’d us away from Cape Ikor,
towards the Borneo, which is un-
der the Equino&ial. The aforefaid Cape
Ikor is che eild o f a 1onS Coaft reach- U tm u
ing to Bengal*, which afterwards turns
away, and forms the Contracofta, or op-
polite Coaft, as far as the Kingdom o f
Siam , where there are feveral other-Do-
minions, and among the reft that o f the
Potasses, e v e r govern d by a Woman,
like thofe o f Achtm, and Canara. T his
Country abounds in Camphir, Pepper,
Ivory, Cagulaca, a fweet W ood to burn,
Coca-Nuts, Arecca, white and A aindC a-
, * .
 ■ 6cW\

III <SL
chap. IX. 2 ] °f 1 N D O S T A N i ___ 275
fX ^O O licoes, and Birds-Nefts, and has a vaft we were furpriz’d in a great Sumatra,
Gemelli. Trade with the neighbouring Kingdom or Tempeft from the N o rth ; which
I6a<. o f Benrala, by way of the Ifimus. T he drove us fo violently towards the South,
t/y O Queen is a Mahometan, and Tributary that on Sunday 1 7th, at break o f D ay,
to the King o f Siam. W e Sail’d on we were in light ot the Ifland Borneo,
merrily towards the Ifland o f Pullaor, and o f thofe call'd Siantones, which lie
much wilh’d for by u s ; when at Night o ff it, and are inhabited by Malayes.

C H A P . IX .

Of the Ifland B o rn eo, being an Abjlraff of the Account given of it to the

J K jv g o f P o rtu g al, by F . Antony Ventimiglia ; and of the Mtffion In -
Jlituted there.
»
Borneo. H p H E Ifland o f Borneo being the neral o f the City having acquainted D .
Ifland." I largeft: in the W orld, containing Roderick de Acofla, Governour o f Goa,
Rarities o f ineftimable Value, and al- with the Matter ; he confulted with
molt unknown to Europeans, becaufe all three knowing Perfons, whether the
Poflefs’d by Mahometan Kings and Prin- fettlement o f fuch Factory was for the
ces, who do not fuffer Strangers to go Service o f God, and their K in g ; and
up the Country, to Trade wich the Ido- undemanding it would be very Advan-
latrous Natives, who arc Tyrannically tagious, tho’ the Townfinen o f Macao
Opprefs’d by them, that they may fe- fent a Meflenger o f theirs to Obflrudt
cure to themfelves the W ealth o f the the Performing o f it, yet in the Year
Ifland, in Exchange for poor Baubles 1689, he gave the necefiary Orders, for
thofe Wretches Hand in need o f ; for fettling the Factory in the Name o f that
thefe Reafons the Reader will not think C ity ; enjoining Jofeph Pinheiro, a rich
ltamifs that I Ihould interrupt the Rela- Citizen of Macao, who w?as then at<je<i,
tion o f my T ravels, with a fhort Ah- to take that Affair upon him. He ac-
ftract o f the Account given o f this Place cepted o f it to pleafe the Governour,
to the King o f Portugal, by F. Antony tho’ he had always endeavour’d to Ob-
Ventimiglia, a Theatin o f the City o f lfruct it. t
Palermo, the firft MifTioner that ever Before this was refolvd on, Luis
had the Fortune to pierce into the Heart Francis Coutinho was come to Goa, and
o f that Ifland; not tranflating it W ord knowing how zealoufly the Fathers The-
for W ord from the Portuguefe, which atines defir’d to be employ d in fome
would make it too tedious. T h e For- MifTion, to which no other Order had a-
nmtefe Original which I have by me, ny right o f elder Claim, that they might
deferves entire C red it; for there is no the better fow the Seed ot the Word
Doubt to be made, but that fo Zealous o f God on their own Ground, and ga-
a Religious>Man as he was, w rit no more ther the Harveft o f propagating the
than what he faw. Holy Gofpel, and converting the poor
T h e Citizens o f Macao, frequenting Sheep that were ft ray’d from the Flock
the Pbrt of M anjar - M affen, in the o f C b rift; he acquainted them with the
Ifland o f Borneo, the King o f that Name willingnefs the King o f Manjar-Maffen
feveral times declar'd to fome Captains, exprefs’d to allow the Chnftians a
and particularly to Emanuel de Araujo Church, and how little Inclination the
Garces that he fhould be well pleas’d City of Macao had to fettle theFactoiy,
the City o f Macao fhould fettle a Fafto- and that no Million had ever been in
ry in that Port, for the fecurity o f that Ifland. Thofe Fathers thought L n*
Trade ; and that befldes forwarding Francis an Angel fent from Heav’en,
and aflifting them in all that lay in his hearing him propofe a Method tor the
Power, he would allow a Church to be eompaffing of their Defign ; and theie-
Built for the free Exercife o f the Chri- fore without Hefitation, w i t h the A p-
flian Religion. Thefe Offers wrought probation o f Others, they refolv d to
no Effect upon the People of Macao, take upon them the Charge of that M a­
as being perfectly well acquainted with fion ; and the more becaufe to take ofr
the changeable Tem per o f thofe Maho- the Impediment proceeding tiom the
metans \ but Andrew Coelho F'ieira, Gc- Poverty o f their Order, which may nei-
Vol. IV. Mm 2 ther

2 1 1

0 . Smif
111 ■ <SL
am — -n x v
~-:6 ~ A Voyage round the
^ ^ s ^
r b e Rood Maa being forhifh’d with
FitftMifli- ij" ffiries for his own life , at the
r E pen.fS T lT fiZ l', h i s BcW sflo r
and Companion ; and by Divine Provi-
dence wi h what was neceflkry for the
F m c ife of his Million, he fet out from
O'L on the jth o f May 16 87, to the
great G rief of the People who loll fo
worthy a Perfon. He arriv’d at Afalaca
on the 12th of June 1 where he Landed,
/ S lh e r to Excrcife the Godly Funftion
o f Converting fome Renegadoes, and
feed^tlmfe People with the W ord of
God than to feek any Eafe to his own
niilem ner He went Aboard on the
,och with fo fair a Wind that he was
A (hare again on the 13th of July at
Macao, with Commho. There he con-
rim ’d fix Months, five o f them in a
Hcrmkase of Auruliimans, call’d, Our
f Z “ S l f C d o n , Hill £
the reft o f the rime in their M onaftery;
employing himfelf all the while in hear-
ing Confeflions, and other Pious Ads.
He found an Opportunity to Sail for
Borneo on the 1 1th o f January 1 688, and
had fo good a Voyage, dial he arriv’d
at Manjar-Majfcn on the ad o f February.
Thev ran up the River, and Anchor’d
in the Port on the eth. During this
time they were inform’d of the Slaugh-
ter made by the Mahometans Aboard a
Veflel of Siam, under fome falfe Alle-
gations ; and in another o f the Coaft o f
Coromandel, on Pretence that they had
burt fome of the Natives in a Fray of
tbeir own Contrivance. Several Chri-
Ilians, and particularly portuguefes were
K ill’d. This News no way daunted, or
cool’d the Zeal o f F. Ventimiglia; but
placing his Confidence in God, made no
doubt o f overcoming all Difficulties. _
Whilft he was devoutly employ d in
the Ceremonies o f the Holy W eek, a
Moor, who was Captain o f two Gallies
feeing fo much W ax fpent, fent him
fome Gold D ull, which he would not
accent of. The good Father was in-
flam’d with the DeCre o f applying him-
felf to the Converfion o f the G en tils;
and feeing himfelf Idle, and confin’d in
that Port? he earneftly entreated Cap-
tain Emanuel Araujo Garret, with whom
he came from Macao, that according to
his Protnife he would endeavour to
bring hitn to the Speech o f fome of the
■ PagatiBcajafes,not far diftant from thence,
218
VVOR L D. Book 1
11.
T h £ othu- ,f e d hitn7 ? hc'tXiv Buc t k a i
t
f i r ’d, which being done to pleafc them,
they went away frighted at it. T his
ftor’ t Vifit l l * more inflam’d .he Delire
o f F. Antony, fo that he pm d tor G rief,
feeing no hopes o f making fome A c-
quainrance, and flaying among them ,
becaufc the Mahometans being agamft
them growing Familiar^with Strangers,
endeavour u to difpatch Chrifhan Ships
with Speed, and fomecimes with Info-
lency. A t la ft a Sailer one Day brought
him two Beajufes,who were going up the
R i v e r ; and he, the more to Allure,.
treated them very Affedionately ; gave
them fome devout Things, and pcreeiv-
ing that as they took their Leave, one
o f them feem’d to have a mind to a pair
o f Shooes, and the other to a Cap be­
longing to two o f thofe that flood by,
he prevail’d with thofe Perfons to give
.bem thofe Things. T he Genciis went
away fo well pleas’d, that coming into
their own Country, they ^ d e others
have a mind to obtain fome o f thofe
G ifts, and fee the good Religious M an;
and accordingly on the 3d of May two
others came, but in Company with a
Afoonjh Spy , who prevented the A c-
quamting them with the End they were
font for. After fome time they were
diftnifs’d, with each a pair or Beads a-
bout his Neck. Others came a,.terwards;
and F. Ventimiglia taught and usd them
to Honour the Crofs.
On the 27th o f March, a ithe^Mer-
chants aboard the Ship, haying dif-
patch’d their Buf.nefs with no fmall Pro-
fit ; and Bought lo much Pepper, and
other Spice, that tho the Ship was one
o f the biggefl that oasld thofe jeas,
they were fain to leave fome afhore,
they fet Sail, carrying away F Antony
againfl his W ill, he hat i»g more mind
to flay there; notwithftanding the Cap-
tarn, and other Perfons ot Note repre-
fented to him the Perfidionfnefs o f thofe
barbarous Mahometans, and promtsd to
bring him back the next Year to his
beloved Beajus. 1 hey arriv d M e at
Macao on the 27th o f June. 1.here,
tho leveral Religious Men offer d the
Father to Entertain him in their Mona-
flc rie s; yet he chofe to go lie at Night
in the Solitude o f his Herm itage; em-
ploying himfelf all Day ui the C ty, m
hearing Confeflions, and Cowing the Seed
o f the W ord o f God.
/;K'.■/._
 I TP^»
:'V
?'vf . .** %v-'tV“i' . *r-,-'
I . * '• jm
m-
chap, lx.' o/ T n d o s i
rv A -o T he Seafoa o f the Year to Sail for
Gemelli. Manjar-M ajfen being come, tho’ he did
159 5. not like this interrupted Method, yet
he fet out on the 8th o f January 1689.
carrying along with him a Chinefe, who
had been a Slave to Coutinho, and a Bea-
jus whom the Moors the Year before had
fold to Fruttuofo Gomez., they being both
difeharg’d by their Mailers for this pur-
pole. He had a good Voyage and arriv’d
in that Port on the 30th, at fuch time
as the Beajufes were at W ar with the
M o o r s which tho’ it troubled, did not
make him defill from his Enterprize.
On the 25th o f February, he hir’d a Len-
tine, that is, a fmall but convenient Vef-
fel to live in, and have the better conve-
niency o f conferring with the Beajufes by
the way o f the R iver, without the diflur-
bailee there was aboard the Ship, and the
hindrance he met with the Year before
from the Moors at Lan d ; and he fucceed-
ed lo w e ll, that there began prefently
to refort to him fome o f the Beajufes from
the neighbouring Villages fubjeft to the
Mahometan King ^ i f it had been for no-
thing elfe, at lealt to fee their Country-
man Laurence. Many o f them came on
the 10th o f March, when he had began
a nine Days Devotion aboard the Veffel,
in honour o f S. Jofeph, adorning the
Cabin decently withHangings and Lights,
T he next Day came a venerable old Man,
with his Daughter, grand Daughter, and
an antient Matron to vifit the Religious
Man, who had converted his Boat into a
handfome Houfe and Chappel, and re-
ceiv’d them very Affedionately , ac-
quainting them with the Defign that
brought him a fecond time into fuch re-
mote and ftrange Parts, which was to
Ihow them the way o f Salvation, by in-
ftruding them in our holy Faith. They
were pleas’d with the Father’s W ords,
and allur’d him he lhould be honourably
Receiv’d by them all. From that time
forward more o f the Beajufes began to re-
fort to the Velfei, and to call the good
Man their Tatum, that is, Grand Father;
a Name among them o f great Honour;
Converling with him very Familiarly and
Lovingly, and bringing their W ives and
Daughters, tho’ they were very Jealous,
to kifs his Hand and Habit in a very mo-
deft and courteous Manner. A t thefe
Vifits they always prefented him with
fome Fow l, a Basket o f R ic e , fome
pieces o f fweet W ood, or a Mat o f thofe
they work molt Curioufly ■, or elfe
Herbs, fweet Roots, W ood or other
Things, and he refilling to take it, they
left it before his Cabbin, lb that after-
..'■’,.'1;V l *v ‘’ ■' 'r' ’ d;
# <w’ ' •■, '
§L
a "N T
wards he receiv’d it rather than difpleafe
them ; provided it was not Gold, preci-
ous Stones, or any thing o f Value. The
nine Days Devotion fo happily begun,
ended with a general Jo y and Applaufe,
and what is molt to be admir’d, even o f
the Moors themfelves; for a Crofs 20
Spans high was put into a Boat, and be-
ing carry’d about the R iver with many
Lights, as it return’d to the Lentine or
Velfel where the Father reilded, was
faluted by all the Cannon of two Veflels
o f Macao. This was follow’d by a Vi-
fit from an Anga, who was Chief or Go-
vernour o f a Village, with all his Fami-
l y ; which he made with fo muchCivili*
ty and Refpedl, that the Father thought
fit to repay it the next Day, attended by
13 Ponugucfes belonging to the Ship,
T he Governour and all his People re­
ceiv’d him in a very folemn Manner, with
Drums beating and other Mulick o f the
Country, and Dancing, as if it had been
one o f their Kings. The old Anga pro-
itrated himfelf on the Ground to kifs
his Habit, and all the refl, Men, Women
and Children, great and fmall follow’d
his Example. The good Man receiv’d
them in his Arms to gain their Affe&ion,
and make way to their Converfion, to
which they feem’d well difpos’d. In
ihort, the Anga defir’d to be Baptiz’d
immediately; "protefting he would fol-
low him Dead or Alive, fo powerfully
the divineGrace wrought upon his Heart.
He added, that he believ’d that all the
reft o f the Beajufes would give him the
R efped which was due 3 and that the
more to convince him he would go in
Perfon to acquaint the Tomangm and
Damon, two fovereign Prince? in the
Heart o f the Ifland, one o f whom was
his Son in Law. It was agreed he fhould
come the next Day to the Lentine, that
Matters might be refolv’d on with the
Advice o f Captain Emanuel d ' Araujo
Garces. T he Anga being tir’d with the
Rejoycing after his Tatum went away,
could not be as good as his W ord on the
24th , but fail’d not to come on the
25th, attended as before. F. Antony
gave him a good Dinner, and fome fmall
Curiolities o f China and it was refolv’d
he lhould fend by means o f the lame An-
ga fomePrefentto Tomangtinanh Damon,
and becaufe he could noc perform the
Journey without leave o f the Moorijh
K in g , as being his Subject, the afore-
laid Captain Emanuel being fo much in
the King’s Favour, undertook to obtain
it. The King liv’d ina Village at a con-
fiderable diftance on the IGver , and
things
513
ill §l
■ GOfe\ i. M
7/ > — x V \ ,

N's\Wv .rxZ^Z'

278 A Voyage round the W O R L D. Book ill.

things felt out Co that the Captain could mour ran among the M oors of M a n ja r,
Gernclli. not go thither for feveral Days follow- that the Chriflians had iniinuatcd them-
1695. bag,-to get his leave; fo that the Anga felves among the Beajufes with Prefents
was weary of expe&ing, deiii’d F. Anto- o f Gold and Silver, to poifefs themfelves
ny to fend him the Prefent for the Prin- o f their Country , which not a little
ces, and he would go without the Moo- obflrucled their coming i n ; which the
rijh King's leave, which oblig’d the Fa- Moorifh King was then ready to confenc
ther to go vilit him the next D ay, and to, that he might by means o f the r e ­
deliver him the Prefent, confiding in mm the better bring the Peace to a Con-
Things o f fmall Value , as Flowers , clufion. But the divine Providence fa
Didles, Rings, Glafs Bracelets and the order'd it, that on the 4th o f Ju n e at
like, in two little Boxes ; to which he Night a Soil o f Tomangun, and another
added an embroider’d Pidure o f our o f Damon, attended by their tinkles
Blefled Lady, and another o f S. Gaeta- came to the Lentine, and calling Captain
rm ; hoping they would touch the Hearts Emanuel d Araujo, gave him to under-
o f thofe Infidels to bring them into the ftand, that tho’ they had waited above
true way of Salvation. The Anga com- a Month with much Trouble to them­
ing to the Princes deliver’d the Prefents, felves, yet they would day till his Ship
and telling them the caufe of his com- Sail’d, that he might not be left expos’d
ing, was receiv’d with fuch Jo y , that they to the Infolency o f the Moors, and when
prefently fitted out 100 Gallics and f a - he was gone would take their Tatum a- •
raos there were in their Rivers, and a- board their G alleys, wherein both o f
mong the ted one fourteen Fathom long them agreeing, one o f the Princes ear-
co bring their beloved Tatum. T his little nedly delir’d a Knife, to ratifie his En-
Fleet being come to the Mouth o f the gagement with Blood drawn from his
* River where their Dominions ended, Arm ; and foon after departed for fear
dopp’d there becaufe of the W ar between o f being furpriz’d by the Enemy,
the Beajufes and the Moors \ and thence A t this time came a Coufin o f the Sin-
they difpatch’d the Anga with the Moor- dim , the mod powerful Prince among •
ijh King’s Emballador, who had been the Beajufes, living in the upper part o f
lent to conclude a Peace with thofe Prin- the Ifland, about Bufinefs o f his own,
ces, to obtain leave to come into the who tho’ he had pals’d through the Do-
River where the Lentine was. W hild minions o f Tomangun axxd Damon, knew
the Anga was thus employ’d, Damon, nothing o f what was doing. Being in-
who thought every Hour an Age till he form’d o f what had happned when he
came to F. Anthony, fent a Kinfman o f came into the Anga's T errito ries, he
his difguiz’d'to vilit him, in a little Pa- went d ired ly to the Ship and thence to
rao o f one O ar; and a few Days after the Lentine to fee F. Ventimiglia. He
fent his Brother wich 12 o f his Guard, there complain’d o f the Princes, who
to tell him if he thought fit, they would had not acquainted his Kinfman the Sin-
go to him infpight of the M oor, and dim . and therefore he was not come with
carry him into their Country; which the a Prefent from him, as knowing no-
good Father did not think convenient, thing o f his being th ere; but that nevef-
N ot long after this the Anga came to F. thelefs the Sindum being at Peace with
Ventimiglia with a Prefent from Damon, the King o f M anjar, he would without
conlifting o f two curious little Baskets any Impediment from the Moors carry a-
o f India Cane and Straw Interwoven, way the Tatum in his Parao, or in any
- and full o f fweet Herbs and Roots, bits other that was in the R iver to his own
o f Eagle-wood and other fweet W oods, Country, or into that o f the other Prin-
which are only given to great Men, be- ces, provided he would promife after
caufe o f the efteem thofe People make o f fome ftay there, to repair to the Sindum;
them. He alfo told him the Princes were who, as foon as he heard o f him, would
much edify'd at his contempt o f tempo- certainly come to vilit him; and laflly
ral T h in gs, and the Zeal he fhow’d in defir’d the Father not to depart without
coming to their Country. And that him.
they look’d upon it as a fpecial Prcvi- On the 10th came Mother Beajufes upon
dence .of God ; for as they came down hearing the Fame fpread abroad o f the
wich their fmall Fleet, 'they faw a fiery Tatum, from 15 Days Journey diftance.
Globe on the River, by which they un- They alfo earneltly intreated him, that
der flood, he was fent by God to enligh- he would pleafe to go comfort them in
ten them with the Faith. their Country, after he had been with
Things being in this pofture, a Ru- the aforefaid Princes, and were never
fatis-
 ^ ------- w

111 §L
G ^ M 0/ I N D O S T A M ......
r > jv > > fstisfy’d for four Hours together with to the Captain, to invite him to be pre-
Cemeiu. tiffing his Hands, and laying them to fent when they intended to ratiflethe
i<yo- their Faces, The Prelent they brought Peace and Fiienduiip already citablim u
was two Coco Nuts, two final! Bags o f with their Blood ; flay’d behind to at-
;!ice, a little Oyl, three little Bunches tend the Father. His departure was the
of fweet Herbs ; a great hollow Bamboo more remarkable for carrying along with
O n e foil o f a thing like Butter, which him a curious Crofs o f incorruptible
they gather from a T ree, and a little W-ood, on the Foot whereof the Arms
W a x ; for which a return was made them o f Portugal were Carv’d in half Relieve,
in fir;ail Curiofities o f China. with thefc Words about them, Lufita-
But the Enemy o f Mankind being e- norum K n its, & Gloria. T o fignifie the
ver ready to difturb thofe that employ Zealand great Adions o f the P m uguefe
themfelves in the Service o f G od, for Nation for the Exaltation of the hoiy
the nood o f their Neighbours ; the good Crofs, and Propagating the G ofpel; to
Man fuffer’d much before he got into fulfill the divine Oracle deliver d in the
thofe Countries; becaufe all the People Plain o f Ottnque to Kuig Alfhonfo E n ri»
belonaing to Macao and particularly quez.. .
Emanuel d ' Araujo, endeavour’d to dif- Leaving the Ship they took their way
fwade him from that Enterprizc, alledg- towards the River o f the ReajiiJSi, and
■m c that all thofe frequent Vifits and coming to the Mouth of it on the z6ih,
Cafefles o f the Beajufes, were Counter- found there 23 Paraos with 800 Men a-
foit and only delign’d to bring him to board ready to receive them; among
an untimely End 1 and that they could whom was he that had cheC p given bun ,
not leave a Perfon in fuch Danger, that who had always extoli’d the Gourtefie of
might gain Souls for Heaven dfewhere. the Ponugnefes. Some of them went
T h e pious- Man underftanding by thefe into the frnall Boat to convey it up to
W ords, and perceiving by other T o - that in which Damon and Tomangun
kens, that they intended to obftruft bis were, who botli afterwards went over
entring the Country, as they had done into that where E Antony was, to cafl
the Year before, he fpoke to the Cap- themfelves at bis R e t . Jo m m g m Jig-
tain with feme Refentment, laying the naliz’d himfelf m this A ^ o n ; for with-
lofs o f thofe Souls to his charge. It was out flirting an Inca from him, he ex-
no wonder he fhould be ib much con* horted two Youths his Sons, andjdl «i$
cern’d at the oppoiition made by the Followers to imitate him, becauie they
Pm uw efe, fince in a Letter o f his he did this to their true Lord. Damonr be-
delivers himfelf to this effeft. That he ing feated between the Servant of God
■ would certainly have fo r the prefect deferred and 2 amangrn,acquainted the Company,
m \o\iw the Glory o f Heaven y that he that the Apoftolick Rehgous Man v/aS
mi/ht Ib v e in that Vineyard t f our Lord come from remote Countries, to teach
till the end of the W orld; without any 0- them the true and holy L aw , without
ther Reward, than fulfilling kit holy Will, which they could not be iav d ; and that
Therefore he look’d upon every fmall his Profeffion being remote from all that
Accident as a great Obftacle to his En- was Tem poral, he coveted nothing but
trance, which was o f fuch Coniequence to put their Souls in the way to Heaven,
for fpreading the Faith in that large and Tomangun and all the reft anfwer d with
unpoli fil’d. C ou n try; being refolv’d to an unanimous Voice full of Jo y , I hat
D ye rather than quit his Enterprize. .they defir d nothing more, and did pro-
On the 2s o f June the Ship got with- mife to keep am . fecure him witnali poi*
out the Flat to a Place, where it was in fible R c fp M and Honour; and would
a readineft to Sail for Macao; and he before have ratify’d their Ingagement .
having,faid Mafs, all that were prefent w itluhe Blood o f their Arms, had no.
W eeping, the Captain Emanuel Araujo the Father hind red them, 1 ben he de-
went away to his Ship with 5 Portuguefes; liver’d them the holy Crofs, which .hey
and E. Antony taking leave o f them de- all W orfhip’d , to be ere£fed m tnc
parted to his Miffion with four Servants, Church, they _proims d to Build out of
which were the Chinefe that had been Hand in their Dominions; declaring
Slave to JLnis Irttncis, Laurence the Beajiu% they would for the future put t *crn
a Sailer born in Bengal*, and an other folyes under the Protection of the Crown
who offer’d to bear him Company.There o f Portugal. After fpendmg loine time .
were alfb with him two Beajufes re- in fuch like Conversation, theya. wcU:.
laced to Damon and Tomangun, who com- into Damon’s Parao, fcatmgthe Father on
in'g with four others fent by thofe Princes a Place rais’d above the r e ft; to w h n .i

I * ; ■' ( . , , ‘ • V. « \'

20!
?(f)f • <sl V
2So Voydge round the W O R L D.
C s J^ S \ he condcfcended the better to gain
Gemelli. their Affeftions and their Souls to Hea-
1695. yen.
X his was the beginning o f the new
Million in Borneo, to fettle which F. An-
tony apply’d himfelf with fuch Zeal, that
in fix Months time he Baptiz’d 1800 o f
the Beajufes ; and Luis Francis Cominho,
who having fpent 40 days in their R iver,
pierced into the upper part o f the Illand,
declar’d that he found the Children o f
o f thofe Beajufes, as well inftructed in the
Catholick Religion, as i f they had been
Born in Chriftendom.
Accountof N ow as for what concerns the Illand
Bomeo. o'f Borneo, 24O Miles diftant from M a -
laca, it is cut acrofs by the Equinoctial
line, and is 1650 Italian Miles in com-
pafs. T h e Borders, or rather th eC oall
all about, is inhabited by Moors call’d
Malays, who having lorded it for many
Years, are fully fetled there with Kings
o f their o w n ; but further up the Coun-
try Paganifm,call'd Beajus, prevails ; and
tho’ India had been 200 Years, difeo-
ver’d the Preaching o f the Gofpel had
not reach’d them till this time, they be-
ing generally look’d upon as Barba-
rous, W ild and unfit for Converfation.
. r T h e Moors are govern’d by feveral
vernment Kings, the chief o f which are thofe o f
M an ja r or M anjar-m ajfen; o f Succadon,
in one o f whofe Rivers there are excel-
lent Diamonds found; o f Borneo, and
others. The Beajufes have no Kings, but
only Princes and other Chiefs. Thofe
that are Subje&s to the King o f M an-
ja r or Border upon him, pay a T r i-
bute.
torts. T h ere are feveral Ports in the Illand
but the molt frequented is that o f M an-
jar-m affen, for its Spice, but efpecially
by the Inhabitants o f Macao. It is form’d
by a large River o f frelh W ater, three
Miles over, and 14 Fadom deep at the
Mouth. Three days Journey up it,
there are three little lllan d s; the big-
eft o f them is two Miles long, and the
Portuguefe have thoughts o f building a
Fort on it, to fettle a Fadory there,
The other two are finaller and nearer to
the L a n d ; and confequently not fo fit
for that purpofe.
Produd, A ll theCountry isFruitful,and abounds
in Rice, which is better than any other
in A fia, and the Fruit, belides its great
Plenty, differs in C olo u r, T afte and
Bignefs from ours in Europe. T here is
alfo great fto re o f Cafiia, W ax, Cam -
phire (the belt in the W orld) black and
white Pepper, call’d Vatian, Gum and
feveral good Dies. It alfo produces ma-
2 ^%
Book 0 1 .
ny forts o f Sweet Herbs, Roots o f black
W ood, and another fort thatlmells like
Eagle W ood, and Calumbach. T here
are vaft W oods for building o f Ships,.
where they alfo make much Pitch and :
Rozin for feveral ufes. Metals are flights
ed, becaufe they know not how to ruft
them ; but they gather much Gold-duft
among the Sand o f feveral R ivers in the
Illand. There are abundance o f Birds-
nefts, well known to thofe that have read
and fo highly valu’d by the Cbinefes, and
others, that they give 300 Pieces o f
Eight a Pico for chem, which Pico is a-
bout an hundred W eight; being per-
fuaded they contribute much to th e g e -
nerative Virtue, and are a provocative,
as being naturally hot. Thefe are no-
thing but N ells built by the Swallows,
which in India are o f an alh Colour, in
the clefts o f fteep R ocks; whence they
are pull’d down with long Poles by Men
in Boats. It is like a very fine Palte;
fome think it is made o f the Haver o f
thefe B ird s; others believe it is a fort o f
C la y ; 1 have as much o f it as may ferve
curious Perfons to exercife their Talent
on. For this fame reafon the fenfual
Cbinefes give 40 pieces o f Eight a Pico,
for the finns o f Sharks found in thofe
Seas about the Illand. T his is the reafon
that the Mandarines at their great En­
tertainments fwallow much G old in a
few Mouthfuls; becaufe they eat no-
thing but the little finews, as they d o o f
Venifon.
It exceeds all other Countries, in va- £ . . .
riety of molt beautiful B ird s; and as Beafts?"
for Bealls, there are very Strange ones
not at all known in Europe. Am ong the
reft there is one fo Strange that it mult
not be pafs’d by in filence. It is call’d a
Beajus o r W ild Man ; becaufe it much
refembles Man in weeping, and other
exteriour A&ions that exprefs fome Paf-
lions. T hat which I faw was as big as a
Monkey, and not being able to bear its
great Belly on its Legs,dragg’d its hinder
quarters on the Ground. When it re-
moves it takes its Mate along, to lyeup-
on, as a Man would do. The A pes in
this Illand, are o f feveral Colours, fome
Red, fome Black, and others W hite, call’d
Oncas, which are m oll valu’d. T h ey have
a black Lift, which from the top o f the
Head turns down under their Snout, and
makes a graceful Ring. F. Salvador G al-
li told me he had fent one for a Prefent
to the great Duke o f Tufcany, who ex-
pe&ed it with impatience ; but that it
dy’d by the way. T here is another
Creature in the Illand, that has a F ir
much
*
f(f)l
Z f> — x V \
*
~cTap7 l X T ' ' Of I ND O S T AR
......... ......... ■—■——
■ ----------- ---------- ■
much like a Caftor. T he Beajufes take the
Gcmelti. richeft Bez.oar Scones in the W orld from
159 5. the afordaid J f t s . T h ey wound them
is v s j flightly with Darts fhot out o f Trunks,
Bcxoar j a forae part that they may not dye o f
stones. jt . c}ieQ growing fe k with the
hurt, thole Stones breed in their Bow-
els, where they are found, when they
kill them.
T h e Beajufes are generally very fuper-
Mannen ftitious •, being much addided to Augu-
"ton. e) ries. T h ey do not adore Idols, but
23 * their Sacrifices o f fweet W ood and Per-
fumes, are offer'd to one only G od, who
they believe rewards the Ju ft in Hea-
ven, and punilhes the W icked in Hell.
T h e y Marry but one W ife •, and look
" upon any breach o f conjugal Faith, ei-
ther in the Man or Woman as fo hein-
ous an Offence, that every one contrives
the death o f the Party tranfgrelfing, ei-
ther by themfelves or their Friends j
and therefore the Women are very mo-
deft and referv’d *, efpecially the Maid-
ens, who are notfeen by their Husbands
till the W edding day, when the Women
receive their Portion. T h e y are Ene-
mies to Fraud and T h eft, and grateful
for Benefits receiv’d. Am ong _ them-
felves they live Lovingly and Frien dly;
and therefore when every Man has ga-
ther’d what he low’d for his own ufe,
the reft on the Mountains and Vallies is
In common, without any diftin&ion o f
particular Right. T h ey are alfo well
inclin’d in their Pleafures, and feek Ho-
nour in H unting; at which lport they
endeavour to get lome lharp Horns, to
Polilh and wear them as au Ornament at
their Girdle. This Girdle is no other but
a long flip o f Linnen, which turns be-
tween th d r Thighs to cover their P ti-
vities, and one end o f it hangs down be-
fore and the other behind. T h e Pea-
fants make a fort o f Cloths o f the Barks
o f T rees, which being afterwards walh’d
and beaten, are as foft, as Cotton \ and
thofe T rees being within the Dominions
o f the Malay Moors, they expofe them-
felves for the Bark to their Tyranny and
Infolence.
Mabits Some o f them go naked, and others
1 ' wear a fmall Doublet made o f the fame
Bark \ which they D ye o f any Colour.
On their Heads to keep o ff the heat o f
the Sun or Rain, they wear a Cap o f
Palm-tree leaves, lhap’d above like a
Sugar-loaf, long and with flaps hang-
ing down.
T h e Weapons they ufe are Knives,
Weapons. ma(je uj.e the Cangiars o f the Moors, and
Zam pittts, that is, Trunks about 6 Spans
Vol. IV.
§L
'
281
................
long, out o f which they /hoot little
wooden D arts, with an Iron head at the
one end, and Cartouch, or hollow Pa-
.per at the other, blowing inco which
they (hoot it out with a vaft fo rce■, and
fometimes the point being Poifon’d the
Wound is Mortal. T h ey alfo Shoot
Birds with Pellets through them,
. The Beajufes as to their Perfons, are
o f a Dark Compleftion, well Counte-
nanc’d and Strong.
. T he M alay M oors, who live, as was "PiS Moors
laid along the Coaft o f that I (land, and
opprefs Ibme o f thofe wretched People,
are Faith lefs, Inconftanc, Covetous,
Treacherous, and great Thieves. Be-
fides their Swords, they have fome few
Fire-arms to make ufe o f at Sea. T h ey
alfo go naked ; only lome of them are
cover’d with ap iece o f Cloth wrapp’d
about their W afte, and hanging down
like a half Petticoat. T h eir Heads are
wound about in a folded Hankerchief,
but-when it Rains, they add to it a Cap
made o f Palm-tree leaves.
T heir Houfes are in Boats call’d Pa- Houles.
raos, as are thofe o f the Beajufes, on the
aforefaid R iver o f M anjar-M affen, or
rais’d upon five pieces o f Tim ber on its
Banks, that diey may be fafe againft
Floods. But"the King o f M anjar lives
feveral Days journey up the Country,
in a miferable Condition, becaufe his
Kingdom has been long divided among
feveral Branches o f the Royal Family,
to give them a fufficient Maintenance.
T h e Factory we ipoke o f at firft had Fadory
an unhappy E n d j for being fettled there deftroy’d.
upon the Conditions propos’d by the
M oors, particularly that the City M acao
lhould always have a Fund there o f
40000 Pieces o f Eight (only for them to
R ob:) T w o Years after,when there were
four Ships in the P o r t , the Infidels rc-
folv’d to Secure them, and Plunder the
Faftory. A great Number o f them
Alfembling to this purpofe, went A -
board the Ships, fome pretending Bufi-
nels, and others only to fee. Being
friendly admitted, when they thought
it a proper time to Execute their Delign,
they ail drew their Crifis, or poifoa’d
Knives, and every one endeavour’d to
Murder the Sailor he was treacheroufly
Talking with, fo that they kill’d molt
o f thole that were in three Ships, as
alfo two Captains, two Pilots, and a
M ailer’s Mate. But the fourth Ship,
which belong’d to Captain Emanuel A -
ranjo deG arces, (A board which was a
Prince, and Brother o f the K in gs) fee-
ing the Slaughter Aboard the others,
N a pre-
 W ^ * .

<SL

~~^2 A Voyage round the O R LD . Book 111

,, ^ p r e v e n t e d the and killing all that
Ccmclli. were A b o a r d , with its Cannon oblig’d
16 9 s the o t h e r s to quit the Ships they had
m a d e t h e m f e l v e s Mailers of. T he Moors
that w e r e not kill’d Swam Afhore, for
m a n y o f them Perilh’d, the Fray being
B l o o d y o n both Tides. There were not
Men e n o u g h l e f c Aboard the aforefaid
three Veffels to Sail then), but Emanuel
T Araujo divided h i s Men among them,
providing them the bell he could to re-
turn to Macao. N ext the Moors went
to Plunder the Factory, which had been
the End they at firlt defign’d, whence
the Fad or, who was Sick flying, was
the caufe o f his own Death. From that
time the Citizens o f Macao would not
Trade any more at M anjar, feeing
there is no Truth, or Plonelty in thofe
M oon.
Vuuhu- T h e Dutch had no better Succefs with
ao ry their Fadory they fettled there 35 Years
ruin’d. fince, fearing .that if others Bought the
Pepper o f that Ifland, they lhould not
be able to Sell that o f the Company at
their own Rate. T h e Moors Murder’d
the chief Men of their Fadory with one
o f thofe poifon’d Darts we faid they
Shot out o f Trunks 3 and he that Com-
manded, indead o f the dead Man, de-
manding Satisfadion fome. Days after 3
they anfwer’d, T hat the Murderer had
withdrawn himfelf into a Country-Houfe
not far didant, with abundance o f his
Kindred j and they were not fh o n g e-
nough to deliver him up, and therefore
they thought it convenient they lhould'
all go with their Joint Forces to Attack
him. T h e Dutch fuffering themfelves
to be taken in the Snare went, and were
all Butcher’d 3 upon which N ew s, two
Ships o f their Nation, that were in the
Port, fled with all poflible Speed,
F. Antony Ventimiglia in his Letters
demanded Companions lhould be fent
him to Cultivate that mighty Vineyard
o f our Lord, and that the King o f Por-
tugal would grant him Power to Honour
fome Princes, and Great Men among
the Beajujes, with the T itle o f Don, the
more to Oblige, and Allure them, be-
caufe they Ihew’d themfelves to be lovers
o f Honour 3 but it pleas’d Alm ighty
God, to reward his Labours with the
G lory o f Heaven, in the height o f his
Z e a l; there being Intelligence that he
D y’d in the Year 1 6 9 1 , which has been
confirm’d by fome o f the Church Stuff,
and fome Books belonging to him, found
at Adanjar. F. Gregory Rauco, a Thca-
tin, I found at Goa, further told me,
His Body had wrought Miracles, and
therefore the Beajufes kept it very ho-
nourably in a Cottage, whither a Leper
once reforting among the red, they put
him to Death.

C H A P . X.

The Author gives an Account of what hapned to him, till his A rrival on the
Coafi o f Cochinchina.

O return to the Place where we them. It is Subjed to the King o f Jhor,

T left off, 1 mud inform the Rea- from whofe Dominions on the Conti-
der, T hat the Storm on the 17th would nent it is but fixty Miles didant. Near
not fufifer us to draw near the Bland o f Pullaor there are two Rocks, which
Pullaor, as the Pilot would have done 3 produce good Fruit, and fix Miles from
but the W ind falling a little on Monday it a defert Ifland call’d Pultimon.
1 8th, we drew near, and that was all, Tuefday Tpth, the W ind came fair
1 for we were altogether becalm’d in fight with a Sumatra, or Storm o f Rain,
of it. T h is always flourilhing and green which laded an Hour, as ufual. Steer-
Ifland, which is but five Miles in com- ing our Courfe towards Pulocondor, 360
pafs, produces more Plenty than any Miles didant, we Sail’d through a bet-
other of its bignefs o f Cb«>-Nuts, whofe ter Sea than we had done during the
Trees grow amidfl the Rocks, Arecca, whole Voyage, as being clear o f Rocks
Figs, Gamhoyas, Ananas, and other forts and F la ts, and we were not fo much
of Fruit, which the Natives Exchange tofs’d, fo that tho’ the Veffel ran fwife
for Earthen Ware. T h e Mats made we were at our Eafe.
here are fo very fine and curious, that T h o ’ we were fo near the Line in the
they are fold for fifteen, or twenty Pie- D og-D ays, we felt no great Heat, but
ces o f Eight each, to make Prefents to to me it felt more like Spring 3 and
the Chimfcs, who put a great Value on tho’ I had not Frovifions, and other
Necefla-

I 2 f cl ■
© <SL
A y —A \ ,

’.!■ ' . V j .'■-. ■ ;/ '

Chap. X.___ 0 / I N D O S T A N. ~ ©
Neceflaries as I could wi/h, yet God be other in the aforefaid City. They make
Gemelli. prais’d 1 enjoy’d perfedf H ealth; not- W ar upon one another, the one fup-
1695. withftanding fome Sailers were fallen ported by the King o f Siam, the other
<V Y"N J Side, as were F. Provana of Turin, and by him o f Cochincbina.
a Brother o f Tunchin, however theSoci- The Inhabitants o f the Kingdoms o f
ety does not l'ufFer their Religious to Camboya, Siam, and Pegu, {have all their
want. Head, leaving fome on the Crown like
The fair Wind continu'd aiiJVcdnefday that o f the Mendicant Lay-Brothers.
20th, carrying us a-crofs the Gulph They pull up their Beards by the Root
o f Siam, into which falls the great R i- with Nippers, that they may not grow
ver that leads up to that Court, after again quickly. Their Colour is like an
running 12 0 Miles all the way inhabited Olive, and they are hard to be remov’d
on both Tides •, all the Houfes which are from their Tenets ; for F. Candoni told
o f Wood being rais’d upon ftrong Tim - me, That in four Years he liv ’d at Cam-
bers, or C anes; that the Inhabitants boya, he Baptiz’d none but a Miller,
when the Floods fwell two Fadom high who was Marry’d to a Chriftian Woman
in Atiguft, September and October may o f Cochincbina.
go out at their Windows into Boats, A t Sun-fet we were on the Coaft o f Champa.
and gather the Rice that floats on the Champa, the King whereof, we were
Water. _ told, had lhaken o ff the Yoke of Sub-
Puloeonior Tlwrfday 2 1 ft, in the Morning, the jection to him o f Cochincbina, and made
Illand. Wind came about to the Ealt,but at Noon W ar upon him.
as it was before. Friday 22d, we came The lame Day we pafs’d by the Fa­
in light o f Pulocondor, an Ifland belong- ralbaon do Tigre, fo call’d by the Form­
ing to the King o f Cochincbina, but not guejes, becaufe feveral Ships o f theirs
Inhabited; fome Cochinchinefes repairing have been loft there, and among the
thither at certain times o f the Year to reft that o f Matthew de Brito, who, fa-
cut Wood, and gather the Produd o f ving his Life by Swimming, left this for
the Illand, as Indian Wheat, Figs, and a Rule to other Pilots to pafs between
Oranges. It is eight Miles long, and the faid Rock, and the Continent, but
proportionably broad. It was aban- not to come where there are but ten
don'd becaufe o f the continual Sumatras, foot W ater; and when they draw near
or Storms o f Rain, no Day ever efcap- the Paralhao, in the open Sea, not to
ing without a very Violent one, as we come to fourteen Fadom, but to keep
found by Experience. All the Veflels on between fixteen, and nineteen, be-
Bound for M anila, ufe to make this caufe he was W reck’d between ten, and
Ifland. fourteen Fadom, where the Rock under
Saturday 23d, at Sun-riling, we were W ater lies,
o ff the five Hills, the Portuguefes call Sunday 24th, we Sail’d with a fair
Cinco Chagas, or the five Wounds, which Wind along the fame Coaft o f the
are before the Mouth o f the River o f Kingdom o f Champa, and in fight, and
the King o f Camboya, up which 240 South o f the Bay and Port o f that N am e;
Miles is the Metropolis o f that King- whither feveral Nations refort to buy
dom call'd, Fontay-p,n. Ships go up to Elephants Teeth, Eagle Wood, and o-
it, becaufe the River at the Mouth has ther Commodities. A t the Mouth o f it
three fadom W ater, and feven near the is a Rock, between which, and a high
Cicy. The Portuguefes call this Mouth Mountain the Ships muft pafs. In the ,
Caranguejo, or C rab ; and the other two Malay Language they call that Mountain
near it, the one of Malaca, and the o- Panderon, that is, King, and Pulfifm; the
ther of Punticmas, at which the Barks Portuguefes give it the Name of Rabo de
Cmhoyx. o f Siam pals. T he King o f Camboya Alacrao, where begins the-dangerous
is Tributary to him o f Siam, and ufes Channel that muft be pafs’d going to,
to change his Court, when he takes and coming from China. From this
Poffefiion of his Crown, out o f a vain Mountain, till fixty Miles beyond Pul-
Superftition not to Live where his Pre- catan, there is a continual row o f Flats
deceffor D y’d ; which he may eafily do, 300 Miles in length, where feveral Ships
becaufe the Metropolis is worfe than o- are call; away every Y e a r; for which
ther Places, all made up o f ill contriv’d reafon Pilots muft be upon their Guard
Cottages, cover’d with Mats, or at belt to avoid them, and keep always in fix-
with Boards. A t prefent the Kingdom teen fadom Water. The worft o f it
is divided between two Brothers, one is, That i f any Misfortune happens, the
o f whom keeps in the Mountains, the Cochinchinefe Gallies feizc not only the
Vol. IV. N n 2 Goods,

#
-i:•
/ / > --- n V \ ^

m
'\wy .tflt^x
. ■;

A Voyage round the W O FL L D. Book 111.

^ C o G o o d s , but even the very Veilels that"
only iofc or fpriag a Malt* and there-
G o n d ii,
i 6 o< forI manV of them fcour the Coaft all
the Year to gather Wrecks, nor is
there anv’ hone of efcaping them when
E a is lc a lm , becaufe they are well
nrnvided and' the CocbincUnefts brave
Men with Fire-Arms.
A!!, this Country of M d a ta , Cambaya,
Slant Champa, Cochinchina, and Tunquin,
abounds in Elephants, of which the Sia-
mites particularly make a great Trade,
carrying them by Land to the oppofite
Goaft, and Port of Ttnanarim, belong-
in s to the King of Siam, near the Gulph
of B t m d a - , where Merchants Buy, to
Tranfport them by Sea into the Domi-
nions of Mahometan Princes.
A t Sun-fet the Wind blew fo hard,
that it might be call’d a Storm *, and
continuing fo all N ight fee us very for-
ward. Monday 25th, we Sail’d with a
fair Wind along the Coaft of Cochinchi-
na-, but "in the Afternoon we had die
ufual Storm of Ram, with fuch a Itiff
Gale, that had not the Current been a-
gain ft us, we had made much way. Ne~
vcithelefs about Sun-fet we: happily
pafi’d the true Varela (fo call’d to dr-
lficguilh it from the falfe one, lying fnr-
ther in on the fide of a Mountain, on
which another Rock rifes a Fadom, and
is call’d the Pagodj for the high Wind
foon abating, the Sea was not very
rough.
T u e fd a y z 6t h , the fame Wind conti-
nu’d, and we held on our Courfc, kill
near the atorefaid Coaft, the Weather as
frelh as Spring. However, moll of the
Cafres, or Blacks were fallen Sick •,
which they attributed to the difference
between this Climate, and theirs, the
firft being like that of E u ro p e.
Wednefday 27th, we were quite Be-
calm’d,

C H AT. XL

An Account of the KJngdm s o f T un quin, and Cochinchina.

Believe the Reader will not be Dif- w ay, under Pretence that it. does not
I pleas’d, if after a tedious Relation become fo great an Emperor, as he is, to
ol a Voyage, I Divert him a little with meddlewith Matters of Government,
fome Account of the Kingdoms of 'E m - but to take his Plcafure m the A ram ,
m in , and Cochinchina, off which we bow amidft his Concubines, g d leave the
lay Becalm’d ; and the more, becaufe I Cares 6f the Crown to others. A Go-
receiv’d it from good Hands, that is, vernour about 300 Years fince, perceiv-
from F. Emanuel Ferreira, who liv’d ing this Cuftorn madelnm an eafy way
there twenty Years, and from two Tan- to Poffefs himfelf of the Empire, it be-
m inefes he carry’d with him, clad in the ing no hard Matter to bring the Soldi-
Hab/t of the Society *, as alfo from F. ci*y, and great Men, who recciv d all
Soiivh Condoni, of the fame Society, who from him to his Side •, fo contriv d his
liv’d twelve Years in Cochinchina. _ Bufinels, that leaving XX&B m the bare
The Kingdom of Tunquin is Tribu- Name and Shadow of a King, he u-
tary to China ■, but the Tribute which furpM all the reft. From thence for-
formerly was confiderable, ever fince the ward Trnqarn had two forts of Kings *,
Year 1^67, has been reduc’d to a fmall the Lawful calld Bua\ and the Ufur-
acknowiedgment of a few Horfes every pars call’d C h iv a , or Governours; who
* y f *. 0 allow the Baa a competent Maintenance,
The Kingdom of Cochinchina was once and fometimes refufe it •, as hapned fome
1UW‘ united to that of Tunquin, and came to Years fince, when the t o demean d
he parted as follows. The t o , or himfelf fo much as to give a Vifitito the
Emperor of Tunquin (call’d A t a m t) in chief of the D utch Eadory redding at
the Country Language, is fo far from Tunquin. _
Converting with his Subjects (who may Foreign Ambafiadors deliver their
not look him in the Face upon pain of Credentials to none but the t o , as he
Death') that he does not Talk with the of Holland did, not long fince. _ When
prime Miniflcrs, who Governs in his the t o has a Son Born, there is great
ftead ; for he acquaints him with all Rejoycing throughout all the Country,
that Occurs by the Mouth of the Eu- which is not done for the others Chil­
li uchs, and receives his Orders the lame dren.

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C h a fO a Of t F D O S T A N ; .... ~ W

One o f the <5 * dying (above an every Day. T h e touch can J e l li f y in

GmelH Age ag o ) he left a Son under A ge, this Particular, who receiving daily
l6 > , Heir o f the Kingdom, under the Tm - Wrongs from the Mi rafters and Eu-
l/ Y \ l tion o f his Son in Law y but he afpiring nuchs, who take more than i» cue or
coebinebi- to the Crown, laid fuch Plots againft the the Cuftoms y yet could never ipcak to
1 ife o f the King, that his W ife, to de- the King, and make their Complaints,
hver her Brother out o f his Hands, fo that at laft they were forced to make
caus’d a Confident o f hers to carry him ufe o f a Trunk, by means whereof a
into Cochinchina, attended by part of Dutch-Man conveying h.mfelt near the
the Nobility W ith their Affiftance heKing’s Apartment, told him all the Mat-
PofTcfs’d liim fdf of Cochinchina, killing ter in the T m m titft Language. T hey _
the Governour at an Entertainment, fucceeded as they ddir d, for the King
and afterwards reduc’d a confiderable gave Order to rediefs their Grievances-,
p-rt o f the Kingdom o f Champa under directing, That for all the Commoui-
his Dominion, making the reft T ribu- ties, the touch Import, they fhoukl pay
ta rv ; but now that Kingdom has fhaken nothing, but only make a Picfent o f
o ff the Yoke, and refufes to Pay t h e ' European Cloth, Sait-Peter, and a few
Tribute other Things \ and that their Goods
The Tutor having Ufurp’d the King- be not fearch’d in the Cuftom-Houfe.
dom o f Tunqurn, there began fuch a Whereupon E Ferrara told me, 1 hat
bloody W ar between the two Kinlmen, it being very Difficult to import Beads,
that it ftiillafts between their Sons, and Images of Saints, and other Usings ot
widi fuch Fury, that neither Men, nor Devotion out of Europe y he brought
Letters are permitted to pafs out o f one them in confign d to the Dutch ; k ).«” y.
K in g d om into the other, and tho’ they I he King of Cochinchma is not fo l e­
a v e unequal in Strength (the King o f ferv’d, but is feen by, and Convenes
Cochinchtna bringing but 50000 Men in- with his People, and much more with
to the Field, and he of lm iqnin 100000) Strangers. , . .
vet the Codinchinefes being the better The King o f Trtnqmti, and his Sub- caftans
Soldiers, and defended by a Ridge o f jecls A d in all Refpeds contrary to the and Mas-
Mountains that part the two Kingdoms, European Princes, and their People ; for ners.
• they make their Party good with the when the Princes of Europe go by W a-
Tm m ncfcs. They both own that Sha- ter, they fit m the Stern whereas the
dow7 of an Emperor, call’d the liua, for King of T fits in the Head o f the
their lawful Sovereign j receiving Em- Boat, faying, the King muft be thef firffc
haflies in his N am e, and giving out that goes afhore. He keeps fifty Boats
Commiffions fubferib’d, in the Reign o f curioufly Gilc, with fixty Men to Row
s“" T in each, all o f them Youths, about one
,• • T h e C hiw , or Governour o f Tunquin^ A g e , who all dip their Oars at once,
fiw im . to|lowing thc Cnftom of his Anceftors, being guided, or direded by _a Man s
govern -, his Kingdom, like the Bua> by Hand, like a Matter ot a Cnoir. T h e *
a prime Minifter, who, without fpeak- King keeps with his Head towards the
ina to him, receives his Orders from Chamber Door, whereasi Europeans lay
♦ he Eunuchs, giving Audience but very their Feet that way. he Tttnfumfes
rarCiv or iuflring himfclf to be feen write from the top ot the Paper to the
by the People. But this referv’dnefs at bottom, and from the right to the left,
nrrfent does not fo much proceed from juft contrary to us. They alfo write
Pride or Gravity, as for fear of the their Name at the top of the Letter, as
continual Diforders o f the Kingdom, was once us’d by the Romans, faying,
For this fame Reafon he does not allow 2 , AT. fend you Greeting, &c. Among
his Sublets co Build high Houfes, that Chriftians Thieves are Hang d, but in
th w mav not Offend him, but they mutt Titnqitin Beheaded, tho o f mean Birth ,
L l o w exccp hi” Palace and eve- andIn the contrary, Perfons of Quality
S t o i c s of heath, n,utt get arc S tray ed , with
d t o f the way when the King pages, twelve Men, lit>n * M ; • "
nQin«r to Divert him either on an Ele- they Burn the Feet of the Party Execu
° Tn lis P d a n k in e . ted, to fee whether he his Dead or A-
1 Now let the Reader confider what live. As in Europe we Print joining oi
T o m -zM . be iveii t0 y A V trru tr , when Letters, fo in C o c h m h m a , anu
Cn i cb.m 1 ppik nc his^Brother was very Farni- China^ theManufcripfc is Parted on a very
and that fmooth Hoard, and then with a lharp
te g fv e t p S Audi = « to ’ his People pointed Pen, knife the, cot the Letters

F& 1
f(D|
/VV& ■ G«W\
//> —<V\
N>ss^fr9.vsg^y//
286 ^ Voyage round the W O R L D.
rv A -/n juft as they are written, and fo they go
Gem dli. through the whole compoiicion, which
109 ^- they can afterwards Print as often as
'- O T V i they will without any trouble. W hen
their kindred die, the Tanquinefa, and
their Neighbouring Kingdom s mourn
in W hite, as we do in Black, which
lift colour they wear for State, as the
Nohleft. _ the Pealants make Bread. T h e C ity
W hen the Kings o f Funquin and
Cochinchin a m arry , they canfe the
Nobleft and rnoft Beautiful Maids to
be brought from all Parts o f their
Kingdom , and having made their Choice,
fend back the reft. T h e firft o f thefe
two , generally keeps three hundred
Concubines.
Habit. T h e Habit us’d in thofe Kingdoms is
alo n g Garment or Veft. On the Head
a tall round black C a p ; but that o f the
Souldiers and Pcafants, falls down a lit-
tle on the Back. T h ey let their Hair
grow long, like Europeans, and fo their
Beard. T h e Women wear the fame
fo rt o f Garm ent down to their F eet,
their Hair loofr, and their Face bear.
T h e y are B eau tifu l, tho’ o f a dark
Comple.xion , and great lovers o f
Strangers. _ Kegue or Kehoe, which in that Language,
Religion. A s to Religion, they are Id o laters;
but eallly converted, and when con-
verted fteady in the Faith , and this
both Funqninefes , and Cochinchinejes.
And F. Ferreira allur'd me, that when
by reafon he was perfecuted for fome
Years by the K in g, he was forc’d to
wander about in d ifg u iz e , the poor
Country would fometimes travel a
Months Journey from one Province
to another, to confefs and hear Mafs.
T h efe Idolaters are not fo precife, as
thofe o f Jndofian; but eat all forts o f
l k i n , even to Cats and Dogs._
Defcrip- T h e Kingdom o f Tm quin is plain,
tion. like Lombardy, and very Fruitful. 1c
is divided into eight Provinces, which
are, Sudong, which in the Country Lan-
guage fignifies Eaftern Province; Smart,
or the Southern; Sabah, or the N o r-
th e m ; Sutag, o r t h e W e ft e r n ; Nghean
Bocin, halt o f which belongs to the
King o f Cochinchina, the R iv e r Sottgen
dividingtheir Limits. T h e feventh S h-
anquan; and the eighth Tajnguien.
£©3
' - §L
Book III.
T h e M etropolis where the K in g re- Mctrepo-
iides, call’d lCkhio, is four days jo u r- lis*
ney from the Sea, with a R iv e r run-
ning up to it. T h ere are in it, none
but low Houfes made o f Bamboo, where-
o f there is great Plenty in their Fields,
F. Ferreira told me this Bamboo, every
fifty Years produces a Seed, o f which
is L arge and Populous; there being
Streets three Miles long in it, and M ark-
ets. T h e Kingdom is inhabited by an
infinite number o f P e o p le ; which is
the occaiion o f fo many Com m otions,
for there is fcare a Y e a r , but fome
G reat Man is put to Death, who has
headed a Mutiny ; towards which the
referveduefs o f the Prince, Contributes
very much. T h e K ings o f B a it, a
C ountry abounding in M u sk , and
o f Latt, which produces ftore o f Ele-
phants,are tributary to this K in g,
Cochinchina in the Country Language, .
call’d Flaon-Kuang, is divided into live * a r
Provinces, viz.. M oydin, D im at, Kegue, crib’d
Flenqttan, and Fumoy. T h e K in g reiides
in the C ity o f Champdo, one d a y sjo u r-
ney from the Sea, in the Province o f
fignifies a flower. It is large and Po-
pulous, as is all the Kingdom , tho’
Mountainous. Both this and that o f
Tun quin are w ater’d by many R iv e rs,
which make them abound in R ice and
Sugar. Befides in Funqum there is a-
bundance o f S ilk ; and in Cochinchina
Musk, Pepper, G o ld , and Cinnamon,
and great ftore o f Birds-nefts. But
thefe, which are taken in Summer, be-
long all to the Qiieen, fo r her P riv y
Purfe , and therefore the Subjects are
forbid T rad in g in them, as alfo in Ca­
lambuch,, which is kept for the K in g.
T h is fw eet W ood is found in bits in
the Heart o f a T re e , when rotten.
Both Kingdoms produce abundance
o f M elons, Coco-nuts, Atas, Figs, A - FrUlt’
nanas, Jaccas, and other forts o f Indian
Fruit. T h e y alfo gather from a T re e
or rather a Shrub in Cochinchina, a
large L eaf, call’d Tea or Cha, which
they fay fattens, and therefore Soul-
diers are there forbid the ufc o f it.
Q H A P .
 <SL
/n

Ch^rxil of 1 N D OS TAN. ^87

C H A P . X II.

The Author continues his Voyage to Macao.

.
. ✓ S rr^ H u rfd a y 28th, before break o f day fixty Miles from Macao , about ten
I we were near the Ifland o f Pal- Miles in length and proportionably
caZn 360 Miles from Pulcandor, where broad, is Fruitful, and has Plenty of
they crofs the Gulph o f Aynan to dif- good W ater.
Pulcaw cover the Iflands o f M acao, equally Wednifday 3d , tho’ the W ind was
Wand. diftant. Puleatan is a fmall Ifland three not very fair, yet it carry'd us on m-
Miles about inhabited by Cochinchi- to a Labyrinth ot Iflands, fome call d
rtefes' and fometimes govern’d by a dos Beados, M em Montagna, dot L a -
Mandarine-, it is near the Continent, droeas, Lantatt, Lemi, Campacayo, A -
and to the Mountain call’d the Hordes travefada , and others. T h is is moll
s ,dle remarkable, that they are all water'd
^Having fail’d fifty Miles to get over by excellent Rivers, and Springs, which
the Flats which we faid ended beyond keep them always G reen } and abound
Vulcatan and then as many more, we in Deer, Baccarias, and other W ild
directed our Courfe to the North- Beafts, which the Citizens o f Macao
ward T h e Mouth o f the R iver that often go over to kill.
t runs up to Chamvelo the Court o f W e could make no way becauie o f
rhinchina call’d by the Chinefes, Say- the W ind, and therefore lay T acking
t is a little beyond the aforefaid all the Night. Thofe lilands afforded
Ifla’nd T here is another more to a curious Profped, being Lighted by fo
the Northward for leffer Ships , and many Filher-Boats plying about them,
c AM Toran Thefe PeoPIe a!ways Live in their Float-
3 Friday, loth the fair W ind continu- ing-Houfcs, with their W ives and Chil-
\ J rarrv’d us on a great way fmooch- dren ; feeding on the Filh they take,
" g’ thoueh the Sea was rough. But and felling them both frelh and d ry’d to
here we were very much afraid o f thofe that w ill carry them to Canton-,
m rH. thofe W inds they call Tifones, or B u r- they themfelves never going from the
Ix n l racanes which blowing furioufly on W ater, but only removing from one
all fides fometimes carry away the Ifland to another, ^according to the Sea-
Mafts and what is worfe, the Men, if fons, which make Filh more plentiful in
they do not keep under Deck. The one Place than another. Conffant Pra-
fureft Remedy in thefe cafes is to cut d ice has made them very Expert at their
down the Mall, and let her run, trull- T rade j having befides their Nets m-
? God - for the mifehief isirre - vented feveral particular Inftruments,
fillible and ’ in a moment finks Ships, perhaps altogether unknown to Euro-
o elfe drives them on the Coalt o f peans. By the warmth or coolnefs o f
f 11 LW the W ater, and other Signs and Tokens,’
Saturday 30th, the fame W ind con- they forefee the Tifones, or Hurracanes
tinuina till N o o n , afterwards came a D ay, or more before they happen j
S r and fet us very forward ; and and retiring with their Boats into very
fo Ic ’did o f s L * t h e k it day o f clofe Creeks, and dram ng then, alhore
the Month r fo that on Monday the exp ed the end o f the Storm with ail
f i r f t o f AutruH we were o ff the Ifland their Family. .
Aynan befong’ing to the Province o f Thurfday 4th, the Fealt o f St. Domt-
rln to n - at the furtheft Point, where- nick, being near Macao, before Noon,
o f b a i n ? the S o re o f the R iv e r of fevetal People came from the City m
r Unnuin call’d BafTa, from feven Neigh- Boats, every one to fee his Friend, anc*
Tunqmn M ia x a jja , among the reft F. Philip Bejia, Procura-
r ''L y 2d °w e came near the Ifland tor o f Japan, who came in a Lorja, or
of , 5 ? ™ lr a r lv call’d Sanekan,large Bark to bring R
smhtm r-0 Famous fo r the Glorious S . Fran- F.Ferreira,
Ifland' CIS X aver ins ending his D ays there, I had my [hare, and Eat excellent Figs,
when he hop’d to enter China-, the like ours in Europe,, and good Ananas,
G rott wherePthe Saint liv’d and dy’d, my Stomach not fa ding me. Going in-
being to be feen at a diftance. It is to the Bark with thofe Fatheis, got

. tT ' >. " s 1 .

.3
PP ..............

<SL
r \

a88 A Voyage round the W O R L D. Book III.

fvj's-'O to the City M*cao, on the fo long wilh’d
Gemelli. for Land of China. I left my Mony in
1695. fome VelTels full of fait Flelh, and Fifh,
t/’V X J to five paying the Duty of four in the
Hundred to the Ship, and two to the
City, fince for the Vice-Roy’s fake, 1
had net paid for my own, nor ray Ser-
vant’s Paflage. The Ship Bamburpa ar-
riv’d three Days before us, and fet a-
Ihore ten Jefuits it had aboard. I was
courteoufly Entertain’d in the Monaftery
of St. Auguflin, by F. Jefeph of the Con-
cqtion, Born at Madrid, and Prior of
that Place. _ He gave me a plentiful
Supper at Night, with variety of Sweet-
meats. Here it will be convenient, that
whilft I reft me after my Voyage, which
was no Ids than 3000 Miles •, the Rea-
der, who has hitherto born with my
unpollfii’d Difcourfe, take fbme little
Rcfpit, that he may in the next Volume
be the more attentive to the Wonders
of the renowned Empire of China.

V '

The End of the Third B OOK .

; . * : ! • ( 7"j. '*• :v;’:-V;

•■■ ? y ( ... ,

A V O t

,f , f „ '' [l

’ • * . *
 __ ____ _____ I
n^pT- ............. . ~ -------------
,v.' •i', ' ,:'' y'^:-} G* ' !'

V O Y* A G E Round the W O R L D,

Ey D r. John Francis GenieHi Careri.

PART IV-
Containing the moft Remarkable Things he faw iti
C H I N A . .

B o " O K I .

■ — " ‘

C H A P . I.

Of the fir ft Foundation of the Git) of Macao, and its Forts.

- . - Am now at length come to enter
X nnonchevaft Empire of China, and
\6, « J L could wifh my Stile and Language
v^re fait idle to the greatnefs o f the
Mxm Subject-, that I might give the curious
City. Reader fuch a Draught and Defcription
as it deferves: but that being above my
Cam citv he mult be forced to take up,
and be fa’tisfv’d with my u.rpoliQi d way
o f D^tivei y. Therefore to begin at one
o f the P o m o f this Empire, that is,
Mac ao whLh was the firft Place l came
ir r rf) v,e obferv’d. That Macao in
2 ’ Signifies a Port, and
is other wife call’d Amagao, a Name gi-
ven ir from an Idol fo llil’d, which was
Id S r’d in that Place. It is feated in
tu. Dearees o f Longitude, and 22 o f
Itd tm S On the Point o f an Wand
call’d Hnkbeu, in the Province o f Can-
The fhine o f it is like an Arm ,
encompafs’Jo T aH iiid es by the Sea, ex-
c e n t h e r e ic jo in s to th e
T h e Ground it Rands on is uneven, be-
College, which has a noble Front a-
dom ’d with beautiful Pillars. In this
CHurch is preferv’d that moft precious
Relick o f St. Francis Xavknus, being the
Bone ot the Arm from the shoulder to
the Elbow. N ext the Churches ot the
Auguftins^ o f Sc. Francis, Sc. Laurence,
the M dencordia, and the Nuns are de-
cently Built, and Adorn’d. The Streets
o f the City are all Pav d, bedaufe ther e
is no want o f Stone. There are in it
5000 Souls o f Pormgmfes, or better, and
above 1 5000 Chim es.
. I t is above 1 1 o Years fince this Place
wasfou tided by the
coming from Malaca and India, to T rade
with the and being overtaken
by the bad Weather,, Lome Ships m.fe-
rably P e rio d , for want o f a fecure Har-
hour in the ‘ £
made them ask Lome 1 lace of Safety to
W inter in, till the Seafon would allow
S h o u ld e r , them to return H o m e , an d che C k ^ j
for their own Advantage g a v e cJlei*1 this

Country,2 j K oT°tbe % * , ted to Build Thatch'd t a l e s , but after-

e ............ ........ if ...W iiteM iuiiiW

10
\ _ • •
’~2do A Voyage round the W O 11 L D.
wards having Sm i-
IZ "; t i r ^ U f o L ' One o f thefe
^ ' " N J ;s at the Mouth o f the Harbour, call’d
lt - F .r u t|ve Fort of the
ihers o f the Order o f St. jinguftin on
the Hill. T he other being the biggeft,
is call’d the Fort o f the Mountain, be-
r uie feated on the very top o f a Hilt.
There is’ aif^ an o th efh igh Fort, call'd
N .fc
* ■> , •
.,„ m „ r ll, , was much m itaken,
SSf when io his Geographical D iftionar, he
faid, That this City had belong’d to the
K i n g o f P o rtu g a l, and that in the Year
£ 3 1 ic was fa ken by the Emperor o f
China and made Subject to his Dorm-
S o n ; for from its fir it Foundation it
never fuffer’d any Revolution, being a
Colony o f F o rm nefts, by ancient Grant
o f the Emperor'; co whom they pay not
only a yearly Tribute, but Cuftom for
Goods, and a. Duty upon every VefTel
proportionable to l t s f t a l l , tho’ it be
not Loaded, after the fame manner as
thofe of the Moors, and Englijh d o ; nor
can any Boat go in or out, without Leave
from the Chinefes, who guard the Mouth
o f the Harbour.
T h is little rocky Endofure of three
Miles has not Provifions to fubfift a D ay,
but all is brought to it from the T ow ns
o f the Cbinifes, who have Ihut up the
Portuwtfes, as it were in a Piifon, ha-
vine iecur’d that narrow Neck of Land
which lies between the main Sea, and
the little Arm o f it next the Continent
with a Wall and Gate, which they Lock
up when they pleafe, and Starve the In-
hahitancs as often as they w i l l ; tho’ the
Country o f China is fo Plentiful, that
the value o f a piece o f Eight in Bread
(which is the heft in the W o rld ; will
keep a Man half a Year.
Pays great T h e Chinefes allow the Portseguefe the
Impoiiti- Government o f the City of Macao, as
ons- far as relates to the Ad mini!) ration o f
Juft ic e ; and for this Privilege they pay
a yearly lmpofition o f 600 Taes, each
o f which is worth fifteen Carlines o f N a-
ties, which is about a Noble, Sterling :
Betides the Cuftoms receiv’d by a M m -
darine whom they call Vote, and the
D u ty ; T Z faid before,'upon every
VefTel proportionable to its Bulk, the
leaft of which pays no lefs than 10 00
Taes, that is, fo many Nobles. T he
City choofes a Judge, or lupreme Magi-
ftrate, who has the Management o f C i-
2 9 2 -
<SL
, v,v\ . ■ ' . ”
Book L
w h e r f n o T i } e t^ c o iIc e r n U ' ° f h l
Political Government is in a Captain
General, appointed by the King of I or-
V % * P * f S iT D a v
Captain General a piece of Eight a D ay,
and 3000 every three Years 5 500 to the
Bifhop, 150 to the Captains, and p o-
portionaBly to the Soldieis 3 which
Charge is defray'd by a D m , o f T e a
S t n h i r * J * C *U , or oar Lady o f 9 “ ', UP °“
two in the Hundred upon Moity» t ho
the K i . g o f ' f a s then .m inj; o f
the Capt.m, Genera tor this t a l l Place,
yet he does not allow hrtn a Faithing
l ay. ..
Bdldes thefe Burdens this poor C ity
lies under, all the Mandarines that come
from Canton, are to be lo d gd an d cn-
te«am d, and this is no fmall Expence.
T h e V?u as Coon as he came, order d a
Cow to be Slaughter d immediately, tor
him to Eat a little, and EaTe his lim it
pofition, for as much as the C h a fes look
upon it as dainty andfavoury Meat,
A ll the Income and Revenue o f the
C ity and inhabitants oC Macao, depends
upon the uncertainty o f the Sea, for all
Peffons whatsoever there ap p lyth em -
felvcs to T rade ; and the Gentry deal
in their Mony, putting it out to life ,
or fending Merchandize, or Gold Ingots
to be chang d into Pieces ot Eight at
Goa. T hb at Macao they have not
Ground to Sow a handful o f I cafe, ye
God provides tor them, in foch maimer
that they Live in Plenty enough, all 3Ne-
ceffaries being brought them from the
adjacent Parts, and they make fa much
o f themfelves, that their T ables are ne-
ver without Sweet-meats, excellently
made by the W om en ; and 1 may d u ly
fay I never Fed fo well any where as at
Macao, the Women there knowing how
to cover a T ab le for a King, and to
pleafe any nice Appetite.
When the Trade of Japan flourilhd, Decay of
this City was fo Rich, that it could have Trade.
pav’d the Streets with Silver ; but after
the Slaughter o f lo many Chriihans, the
T rade of Nangafache was quite loft to
the Portagnefes it being Death for any
of them to be feen in that Poit. T hus
for want o f that Trade, the Inhabitants
of are fallen into that Poverty
they now Labour under, having but five
Ships left o f their own to Maintain all
the C ity, and thefe do not bung home
Returns of 300 per
forded, but a very Jw oufiderake Profit,
'
III
C fa p .H . O /
( W ! and this will ftill be lefTen’d by the fet-
Gemelli. ting up of the New Eait India Com-
1695. pany, which prohibits their Refoi t to
^ y \T ^ feveral Ports, and fome o f their Com-
modities.
Hurra- On Saturday the 6th o f September 16 9 5.
canes. there began to fall a violent Rain, with
a boifterous Wind blowing at the fame
time. On Sunday the 7th, the Wind
threatned a Hurracane,being very Violent
at Night, but God be prais’d went no
further. In the Months o f June, July,
Augufi, and September, they are much
afraid o f W hirl-winds, and one hapned
three Years before I was there, which
rouling in the Region o f the A ir, car-
r y ’d the T iles o ff the Houfes, and lifted
up Stones that four Men could not re-
move, overturning many Houfes, and
ruining the Dormitory o f the Monaftery
o f St. Augufiin. But they are now lia-
ble to this Scourge every Year. T h e
Rain continu’d after the fame manner all
Monday 8th, the ftormy W ind never
CHAP.
A fruitlefs Voyage made by the Portuguefes, and Natives of Macao to Ja­
pan, to Refettle themfelves in the Trade loft in the laft Perfection of the
Chriftians.
Chriftians ’T H E Inhabitants o f Macao have en-
excluded X deavour’d feveral times to reco-
faptn. ver their Trade with the Ja p o n e fe s but
always ineffectually, the latter Obfti-
nately perfifting rather to lofe feveral
tboufand Crowns due to them from the
others, than to receive them again into
their Friendlhip, having Sworn by their
Gods never to admit more Chriftians
into their Country, and if any come, to
Butcher them without Mercy. T h at the
Chriftians might have no Opportunity
o f getting in under the name o f other
Nations, they were advis’d by the Dutch,
who will have all the Profit to them-
felves, to lay a Crucifix on the Ground
at the Landing Place, to difeover whe-
ther any Ghriltian comes under a, Dif-
guife, becaufe any fuch will refufe, or
at leaffc make a difficulty to trample on
the Crucifix to enter Nangafache, the
Port of Japan. Thus the Dutch fettled
themfelves in the Trade, excluding all
others, perfwading the Japonefes that
they were no Chriftians, making no
fcruple for their Intereft to trample the
Holy Image o f Chrift, which the Eng-
lifh refus’d to do. This is fo certainly
Vol. IV.
3 ■
<sl
C H I N l ‘ T fi
abating. On Tuefday pth, I went to fbe
a Play Afted after the Chinefe manner
it was reprefented at the Coll: o f fome*
o f the Neighbours for their Diverlion
in the middle of a final! Square. T here
was a large Stage to contain thirty Per-
fons, Men and Women Adfois and tho’
I underftood it not, becaufe they fpoke
the Mandarine, or Court Language, yet
1 perceiv’d by the manner of it, ’ that
they Afted with Life and Skill. It was
partly Recited, and partly Sung, the
Mulick o f feveral Inftruments o f W ood
and Brafs Harmonioufly anfwering the
Voice o f him that Sung. They were all
well enough Clad, their Garments a-
dom’d with Gold, which they chang'd
often. This Play lafted ten Hours, end-
ing by Candle Light. When an A d is
done, the Players fit down to Eat, and
very often the Audience does the’ fame.
On Wednefday 10th, the fame Company
A ded another Play in the Houfe o f the
Vpu, or Cuftomer.
II.
true, that I my felf in China faw, and
fpoke with a Chinefe, who told me he
had trampled on it, and b e c o m i n g a
Chrilfian ac Nanking,, confefs’d this 1m-
pious Adion.
T he City o f Macao made its k ft Ef- Attempt
fort a few Years fince, fome o f its Inha- to he re-
bitants undauntedly Expoling themfelves
to Die, or by dint o f Benefits to gain
the hardned Hearts o f the Japonefes
being perfwaded, That God by an A c-
cident had again given an opportunity
o f ereding the Standard o f the Crofs in
that mighty Empire, which was thus,
In February 1685. the Weather being
very Stormy, a Japonefe Bark that was
Trading among the Elands loaded with
Tabacco, was W reck’d in the Neigh-
bourhood o f Macao, none o f twelve Ja~
ponefes that were in her, being Drown’d,
T h e C ity caus’d them to be Reliev’d,
and the Bark and Goods that were fav’d
to be Sold for their Benefit 5 then ha-
ving Confulted together, they thought
this an excellent Opportunity to attempt
the recovery o f their Trade in that
Ifland, o f which lame Opinion the Fa-
thers o f the Society were.
Oo 2 To
m ■ : .
ICDI
/fS** ‘ G<w\
2 g2 ~~ y4 Voyage round the W O R L D.
_ ''"7 H- , • Intent the City and Jefuus
£ £ t t i . lur’d a Ship ‘ and putting the Japonefes
,2 ? a b o i l fee sail on. the 1 3th o f June o f
the aforeftid Year for Nangafache, and
eot into that Port on the 2d o f Ju ly at
NiPht Immediately a M andarin* came
^ o u rd the Veflel, which was call’d St.
p m L with an Interpreter, and four Seri-
veneVs or Notaries, one o f whom was
fent by the General, the fecond by the
cbief civil M agiftrate, the third by the
C itv and the fourth by the prime Man
in religious Matters, every one to write
a-oart°w h at Queftions the Interpreter
S n»d what they M -
fw er’d, that there might be no Miftake.
T h e Interpreter knelt down before the
jlL d a r J . 1 believe the molt fevere
and crafty fudge could never put more
enfnaring Qiicltions to draw the C ried -
nal to confefs a Crime than this M m U -
n m did to the Ponwuefcs, to make them
own the Knowledge oL the antient Pro-
hibition to CtariftiaW, upon pain o f
Death not to come into the Em pire o f
Japan, and in cafe they did, to be indif-
oenfably ffibjeft to fufTer the Penalty,
But they knowing the M andarine’s D e-
flgn could not be entrapp’d by him, but
anfwer’d D ifcreetly to all his interro-
gatorics, Hill denying any Know ledge
o f fuch Prohibition. In fhort, the Form -
vitefes were Exam in’d about the time the
Bark was caft away ; in what Q uarter
o f Macao the tw elve Japonefes L iv ’d ,
whether they there, or aboard Convers’d
w ith the C h riftian s; what it was the
C ity ot Macao de fir’d of them , whether
there were any antient Men aboard the
Veflel who could remember what had
happen’d between the Chriftians and J a -
ponefes ■, and much more too long to In-
fere, feveral Hours being taken up in
theft Queftions by the M andarine, and
Notaries, who all w rit feverally to R e -
p o rt it to their Superiors. A t length,
having taken the Number o f Men, and
Dinicufions o f the Veflel, the M anda-
rim went o ff with all thofe he brought
:tj u:m>
. y he vulgar fort o f Japonefes are w orfe
S l r f e than Slaves co chc N o b ility, and M m -
million, darim s, fo r they dare not fpeak to them,
but on their Knees, hanging down their
Heads lifting UP their Hands together
£ their Forehead1, and ftretebing them
out towards the M andarine, by way o f
Refpect, which the Interpreter did eve-
r v time the Captain o f the Veflel an-
fw er’d. And i f a M andarine goes a-
board a V eflel, in which there are a
Thoufand People, there w ill not one
N *
2 <Hf
§l
hook k
W ord be heard, all Things being done
by Signs, and the Pilot. Commands by
a Fan he holds in his Hand waving it
to the right or lefe to D ir c d the Steerl-
man. ,
T h e next Day the M a n d a t e fet out Their
in a PalanMne, carry’d on Men s Shoal- C c fe fy .
ders, for A m m o , to acquaint the Empc-
ror with the A rriva l o f the Ponugueje
Veflel, and in the mean while R cirefh-
ments w ere fent aboard from the C ity
with much C iv ility , bidding them ask
fo r all they had Occaflon for, and they
fhoqld be Supply d ; and tho the Porta-
did f t d c c to c the.r W a ttt, yet
th e jfa p m fis fent them all that-was Ne~
ceflary.
T h e VdTd was befet, and guarded
D ay and N igh t by ten Fanes, which arc
Barks o f the Country mann d with Sol-
d ie ts, who watch d that none o f the
Pm uguefts might fet Foot afhore, as a j-
fo that nothing might be thrown into
the Sea, infotnuch that one D ay a Duck.
flying aw ay, feveral hmes purfu d it for
fome Hours, and having taken, carry d
it to the Governour, who fent it back,
charging them to take care that no Crea-
ture efcap’d, requiring that the Filth or
the Veflel fhould be thrown Over-board
in the Prefence o f the Soldiers,
T h e D ay after the A rriv a l o f the
Pom guefts, the Dutch came aboard in a
fmall Boat, thinking it had been a Ship
o f theirs, and perceiving they-were P er-
tuguejes, and undemanding the caule ot
their com ing, they return d, laying, in
that Country it was neceffary to fpeak
the T ru th. -p .
T he I aftory at N a n g a fa c h e enjoys not Dutch Fa«
that L ib erty the Dutch have in their ftory.
Trade in other Parts, nor has it that
Authority in this Port as elfewhere, for
as foon as the Ships come to,an A n c h o r
a M andarine comes aboard to tell the Men,
and carry the Sails and Rudder afliore.
W hen a Man D ies, a M andanm muft
view the Body before it is Bury d. It
.hapned fix Years before this time, that
tw o Sailers were once milling, who had
gone afliore, and it was judg d they wei e
tw o Fathers o f the Society who took
this Gouife to make then way into that
Kingdom * but it colt much Mony to
conceal their Efcape, the M andanm be-
in g B rib ’d, .a d two Hillocte (hew d him
as i f they had been G r a v e s , fo that at.
prefent the Dutch admit no Strangers
aboard the Ships bound fo r Japah, but
only Natives o f Holland, who can p ro ve
they are ot that Country, and give an
Account o f their Father and Mother.
. ' j ■ V ■ '■ ' V. ,; ,
t*
If)!
A # /— < V \

\<%>--- ^J&/ §L
'Chap.iT ~~ O fc T lT T K A. ~
N or have the Dutch any Communication fit, on the D ay prefix'd, the
Cemelh. with the City but Live in their F a d o ry, brought tiiem the Provilions and W ater
• JS S . Ww hn1S ? atel OI? a ? 0ck’ encIoS,d with chey had ask?d Ior> rafting before them
^ a W al,> t0, whldl ^ e r e are two Gates * to take away any Snfpicion. Then thev
one towards the Port to Ship theirGoods, reftor’d them the Pidures, Beads and
and this, when the Ships are gone, has Croffes, taken from them when hi lt thev
five Seals put upon it, not to be open’d came to % A k which thev kent
upon pain o f Death. T h e other an- lock’d up in a Box, becaufe o f t f J great
lwers to the C ity , and is continually Averiiop thofe People have for theC roft
guarded, no Trade being allow ’d with and other Chriltian Devotions. T h e v
the Japon efa, but only once a Y ear, had ask’d them at their firifc com in?
when they give a Pafs to the Perfon ap- why they bore the Crofs in their C o­
pointed to go to jim iaco, to viilt the lours ^ to which the Pormgucfes anfw er’d
Emperor from the Company It was the Enilgn o f their Kings. Thus
The Por- 1 he M andarine return d from Court the Veflel return’d to Macao without
i35 -Dayl a?,er, h!s D ePaUure thither> aay Return after all their Expence
M i dlf" paving ftay d fo long by reafon o f its Belides, this Account o f the Matter o f m ,r «
diRance o f i i o Miles from Nangafache. F a d already given, the Matter, M ate, Pact?** *
He, and the Notaries with the Inter- and feveral Seamen, who went that Vov
preters, went aboard the Portuguefe V ef- age, and whom 1 Difcours’d aboard the
Pel, and concealing his Journey to A m i- Ve/Tel call’d the Rofary, told me it was
* ce] toid the Captam, T hat the Em peror very difficult getting into the Channel
and his Counfel were not inform ’d o f o f Nangafache, by reafon o f the Flats
their coming, but that having acquaint- Rocks, and Illands that lie in it ■ be’
cd the Secretary o f State with it, he fides, it is neceflary to come to an A n -
•j had taken that A ffair upon him, becaufe chor four times, by reafon o f the T id e
the K in g could not be fpoken to \ and which fometimes is fo r, and fometimes
therefore they might go their way, en- againft them. It is fecur’d by five
joining them never more to return to Guards in as many feveral Polls upon
thofe Illands upon any Account whatfo- the Channel, and tw o Gartilbus at the
ever, forafmuch, as at prefent they par- Mouth of the Bay, who, as foon as thev
don d and gave them their Lives in re- difeover any Ship, prcfently fend N o­
turn for the Kindnefs they had ffiewn tice o f it to the C ity, which preferves it
their Country-Men, whom they carry’d fe lf without Walls or Cannon, only bv
to Nangafache, but it was never known, its Vigilance. T he Houfes o f £he C itv
whether they put them to Death or not. are o f T im ber, the Streets are barrica-
1 hen the Portuguefe Captain ask’d, in do’d at N ight, and watch’d by Captains
cafe any other Japanefe Bark were call who are to give an Account o f all that
away upon their Land, what they w ere happens. Nangafache looks towards the
to do, to which Quefhon no A nfw er W e il, and is above a M ile in compafs
i r , T hefe Men alio told me, T hat the Japo-
Afterw ards they read the Em peror’s mfes Shave from the Forehead to the
Order, which they had receiv’d by L et- C row n o f the Head, leaving the reft o f
ter from the Secretary, and every time the Hair fhort, and that when they s o
the Em peror was nam’d, tho M andarines Abroad they are Bare-headed, only .the
kneel d down. A t la ft, having affign’d M andarines wearing a very fine Straw-
tbe time when they were to be gone, hood. T h ey Shave the upper and under
they bid them give an Account what L ip , their Garment is fhort, at leaft,
Frovifions they wanted, further advifing that I have feen fome Japonefes wear,
them in cafe they ffiould be forced back bound clofe about them with a G irdle
by ftrefs o f W eather, to come to N an - in which they flick their two Scimiters!
g ofache, and bidding them have a care one long, and the other fhort. The
or going to any other Port, becaufe W omen are Clad after the feme manner,
they would be in much Danger. W hen and wear their Hair Ioofe, they have no
the Mandarines were gone, the Veffel Handkerchiefs to blow their N ofes, but
was 1 ow d by feveral Panes, or Barks ufe Paper, which ferves but once. T h e
about a Cannon fhot out o f the Harbour Country about Nangafache is Mountai-
f wJher,e ic ftay ’d fix W eeks nous, but Fruitful, to fuch a degree that
for a W ind, and when the W eather was it bears m oll European Fruits.

C H A P .

2 4 S *‘
#
A / ^ — n V x

W <SL

294 A Voyage round the W O R L D . Book i.

C H A Pi. Ill,
The Author's Journey to Canton, with a Deferf t ton of that City, and others
in the Way to iti

fV jO O Y > Eing refold’d to go over to Canton, Boat that had a good Cabbin in the
Gemelli. O 1 went on Thurfday n th , to fpeak Stern, I caus’d my Bed to be made in it,
1595. to cite Portagifc General, to get me a and went aboard in the Evening. A ll
V - y s j Pais from the Vpu, that I might not be the Hight they row’d with the Eylau,
troubled oa the Road, which he pro- or L io L io , which is a particular fort o f
mis’d to d ® . Pnday n t h , i laid out for Oar us’d by the Chinefs, longer than
a Chineft, to be tny Interpreter on the the others, and placed at the Stern, or
Road, and foon found one for a fmall at the iide, fupported by a Pin, or
Confideratiou. On Saturday 13 th , I bound with a Rope. Several Perfbns
went with the City Sollicitor to take my Row with it Dexteroufly, without ta-
Leave o f the Vpu-, bur. we came at a king it out o f the W ater, as other N a-
time when he was difpatehieg the Let- tions do, but moving it from fide to
ters for the Emperor, which were w rit fide, which puts the Veflel forwards,
by the City and Mandarines, upon ac- and one fuehOar does more W ork than
Ceremony count o f fending him a Lion. T h e So- four others. Where there are Shoals,
to the Em- femnity was perform’d after this man- they fhove the Boats forward with
peror’s nor. T h e Vpu coming out in Publick, Poles. A t Mid-night we came to an
Letters. down in a Chair, with a Desk be- Anchor. Tucfday idth, early we Sail’d,
fore him, cover’d with Silk, Clad in a holding on our way through a Channel
long Garment, to which was faftned a left by the adjacent Iflands, It is true,
great Collar, or rather Hood that hung there is another wider Channel more to
down, and cover’d his Back, and made Sea, usd by great Ships, for by Land
tw o Wings. Abundance o f Inftrmnents there is no going beyond Oanfon. Ha-
aEd confus’d Voices refounded for the ving paft’d by fo many Iflands that they
more Grandeur, belides the firing o f feeni d quite to Block up the way, we
three Chambers, thirty foot Soldiers enter’d a River o f frefh W ater, which
* fendin g in a- Rank, with feveral Enfigns fegnated in feveral Places among the
. in their Hands., and very long Umbrel- Iflands, and was at lealt half a Mile
’ loes, T h e Vpu kneeld facing &■ T ab le, over. W e arriv’d at Oanfon, or Anfen,
on which was a Bag with the Emperor’s as the Portuguefe Pronounce it, before
Letters, bowing down bis Forehead to Night. The Iflands, and Country a-
the Ground three times, which he re- bout them are Pieafant enough, by rea-
peated as often, riling up every time fon o f the greennefs ot the Fields and
upon his Feet, T he Ceremony ended, Meadows, which might feed mighty
thofe that held the Inftruments and 11m- Flocks-, not unlike Apulia, in Italy, but
brcl loes running one Of the way, that we law none there. Along the Canal
the Letters might be deliver’d in due we met feveral Cuflom-Houfc Officers
Form upon the firing of three other in Boats, who put me to no trouble a-
Chambers. The Exprefs having receiv’d bow my Equipage, or my Slave, nor
them, immediately mounted a Horfe- did shay Search our Veilel, and I gave
back, .and began to Gallop, all Manda- them in all a Piece o f Eight.
vines bring oblig’d within their Jurifdi- Oanfon k more like a great Village ,
djon to farnilh him with good Horfes, than a C ity, having no W all, and its city,”
without detaining*, or flaying him. A f- low Hotifes are for the moft part o f
ter this, the Mandarine late down, and Tim ber, and Thatch’d, T he City is
caus’d the Gates to be open’d, which feated id the Plain along the R iver, be-
were (but before, and foon after with- caufe the Ghinefes do not Build on the
drew, for which reafon I* could not then high Grounds, few: fear o f Hurracanes.
take Leave o f him. It reaches above two Miles in length.
W a y from On Sunday 1 4th, I went again Clad T h e Market-Places, or Squares in it are
^'"0 to after the Chineje- F-aihion, and took Leave large, with rich Shops, where are Sold
oan\an. 0f i,[a1) af cer he i,ad given me a Pals to • Cloths, Silks, Calicoes, Drugs, or Spi-
all the Cuftotn-Honfes on the Road, be- ces, Garments, Provifions, and other
caufe I carry’d Goods o f Bulk, and a Things. It is defended by a vaft Stru-
Slavci Monday 1 5th, having taken a dure, along the fide, and on the top o f
the
 ,--- **'
A # ‘ Gok^X
/W p.— '> A
W
_____ .. 0/ c i i T N A r "~ ~
r v A ^ n the H ill, being two Miles and a half in
Gemelli. compafs, which they call the Fort, tho’
’ i <Sq < there were in it but five fmall Guns to
be fir’d upon publick Rejoycings, and
but a fmall Garrifon. And indeed, all
the ufe o f ic is for the Natives to retire
thither upon any Invafion, there being
Centinels continually on high Tow ers,
to give Notice who Approaches. T h e
C ity is govern’d by a Quaaxa, or M an-
darlne, as the Pommu~c call him, who
Guards the Channel with nine Veffels
well Mann’d. There are often Barks
ready here to go over to Canton, becaufi
thofe who come by Sea and Land from
M acao, wane Shipping * but it was my
Misfortune then to find none, and I af-
terwards went all alone in a great Vef-
fel Bound for Seloam, which was half
way. Going aboard it about Sun-fet-
ting, the Wind was fo favourable, that
at Mid-night we came to an Anchor
near that Place. A ll the way was along
a ft ill Channel araidft green Fields o f
Rice, but it is fmaller than ours, Red,
and Courfe.
. Wednefday 17th, I walk’d about to fee
Town StdAtn, and found it a great Wood in-
’ habited, there being fuch a multitude
o f T rees. T he Houfes o f Stone, or
Brick but Low , after their manner,
T h e compafs o f the T o w n was above
three Miles ; befides, there are fuch
numbers of Boats, that they almoft made
another Town. A Mandarine Governs
here On the oppofitc fide o f the Chan-
nel was another City call’d Santa, much
creator and better Built under another
Mandarine. T his fecond Boat coft but
fix airlines o f Naples, that is, 2 x. 8 d.
- which I mention to fliew how cheap
Travelling is in China.
IV,V to Thurfday 1 8th, I hir’d mother Veflel,
em m better than the former tw o, for this
had Cabbins and Galleries on the fides,
cover’d with all Conveniences. W e fee
OUr at Noon for Canton. Several Chi-
nefes went along with m e, whom I
found very Obfervant and Courteous to
me • and there was a Cook aboard to
ferve the Paflengers, who drefs’d Meat
after the Chinefe Faffiion. T h o’ the Cur-
rent o f the W ater was againft us, yet
the Wind being fair we made way, al-
ways amidft plea&nt Fields and Tow ns,
beautiful T o w ?rs every where appearing
Upon high Mountains. In thele Rivers
and Channels there is taken abundance
o f Filb, Prauns, and the like, but par-
ticularly a vaft quantity o f Oifters, o f
whofe Shells they make Glafs for the
Windows. T h e R iver we Sail’d upon
, if
<SL
s~>t
1
___295
parted into feveral Branches on the
right and left, its W aters affording thofe
People an eafy Communication with one
another, fometimes fprcading abroad,
and iometitnescontraamg ttfe lf to make
the way the more difficult. A t Sun7
fittin g we lefc L m vm on the right, and
on the left Chm m, Potavnm, and other
la te ly Places to be feen every two Miles,
in each o f which we faw eight, twelve,
or fitceen high Tow ers, according to
the bignefs o f the T o w n , but all of them
large, ftrong, and with Loop-holes, pro-
videndy Built by the Chinejes, in cafe o f
any Attack from an Enemy, that the
Townfmen retiring with their Goods,
may defend themfeives, upon Notice
given them by thofe that are there upon
Guard ; which is only in thofe Places
where there is no Fort to retire to.
Friday igth , we put into the Port o f cmpu
Canton, juft at Sun-riling, having lain City,
all Night at Anchor near that City,
Here the frefh Channel and the Salt, on
which we Sail’d meec, and form, that
Peninfula on the Point of which Macao
ftands, being about 15 0 Miles diftant
from Canton, for the way is not ftrait*
we having made a Semicircle bljcaufe o f
the winding o f the River. I went in
a fmall Boat to the Cuftom-Houfe, which
was kept in a very great Bark’, with
many Cabbins m it for the Convemency
o f the Officers, who feeing the V n ts
Pafs, diftharg’d me, paying Only five
fmall pieces D uty, without opening my
Goods. For the Boat I paid about fix
Royals Spftnijh, (j£ he means Royals \ late
it is three Shillings, if Royals Brals but
tw o.] 1 went to the Monaftery o f the
Spamjh fath ers, of the Jid e r of St#
Francis, refiding upon the Million in
Canton, and in the Suburb, where they
have two Churches well adorn d, main*
tam’d by the charitable Allowance ot
the King o f Spain. T hey receiv’d me
very Courteoufly, not without fome Jea-
loufy, becaufe my coming was an unufual
thing. For the better underftandmg
hereof, it is to be obfervd, That the
C ity of Macao, by reafon of its Pover-
ty having been long without a Bifhop,
the See Apoftolick has thought proper
to appoint Vicars Apoftolick in China,
Tunchin, and Cochmchma, to whom all
the Miffioners and Ca tho licks are Sub-
jedt. Some Priefts of the College of
Sc. Germans, m Parts, being pitch d up-
on to this purpofe, the Spanijli Franctf-
cans, Angujiinlans and Dominicans mam-
caintd in China, by the Chanty o f the
K ing o f Spam, took the Oath o f Obe­
dience
\ 1)1
/<a^e ■ G<W\
//> —<V\
-icyb A Voyage round the W O R L D ,
r v v^> dience to the aforefaid Ptiefts. N ow
Cemplli, about four Years mice the Prefence o f
i '> a Biffiop ixing t hought abfolutely necef-
0 " 'Y ''s J fjr y , the City o f Macao writ to the
K ing o f Portugal, intreating him to in-
tercede with the Pope; that the C ity
might have a BiHlop again, offering to
allow him a fuitablc Maintainance. T h e
Bilhop accordingly came to and
pretending that Canton,, and other Places
in China were within his Diocefs, would
liave the aforefaid Fathers to be Subject
to him, and not to the Vicars Apofto-
lick, whom he fuppos’d to be recall’d
by his coming. But thefe Fathers ha-
ving taken an Oath to Obey the Vicars,
they fay they cannot be Subject to the
Bilhop, without he fhews the others are
recall’d. Upon this account there are
every D ay Summons and Monitories fent
them, which do not only D iftrad thofe
good Religious Men in the Service o f
God, and the Duty o f their Minion,
but lcfTen the brotherly Affedion they
ought to have for one another, for they
are all divided into Fadions, thofe al-
teady mention’d for the Vicars, and the
Jefnus on the other fide for the B ilhop;
Variances well known at the Court o f
Rome, where the Remedy is to be ap-
ply'd to prevent the Scandal that may
be ^iven tef the Chrlftian Chinefes. I
coming thither during thofe Troubles,
they all politively concluded, I was
fent by his Holinefs to enquire private-
ly into thofe Affairs, fome making me
a Bare-foot Carmelite Friar, and fome
a fecular P r ic il; and tho“ I did all I
could to undeceive the F.ancijcan Fa-
thers, telling them the Truth, viz,, that
1 was a Neapolitan, and T ravell’d only
for my own private Curiolity ; that his
Holinefs had not allow’d me a Farthing
for my Voyage ; and that the leaft I
delir’d to enquire into, was the Bufinefs
Of their M illions; yet this could not
remove the ftrong Imagination fettled
in them, and they anfwer’d, T hat (ince
there was firft a Paffage open’d into
China, no Italian Lay-M an, much lefs
a Neapolitan had ever fet his Foot there,
A t length, I bid them fearch my Goods,
for 1 would freely give them the K eys
lo fatisfy them I had no fuch Inftru&i-
6 n s: But all was in vain. At the fame
time the Je fiits , as well as the Francif-
e r j confnlted abofit my coming.
Govern- Canton, or Kanceou, as the Chinefes
mentof call it, is the Metropolis o f the Pro-
Cmon. vince o f Kuantux, feated in the Latitude
o f 23 Degrees, and 5 Minutes. Being
too'big tobeGovern’d by oneGovernour,
§L
Book I.
it was divided into two by a W a ll froth
Eaft to W eft, the old call’d Kinchin,
and the new Stnchin, dividing alfo the
Suburbs belonging to it. T w o G o v e r -
nours, as has been faid, adm inilier Ju -
ft ice in this place, and are call’d Chixencs,
having under them leffcr M andarines,
Captains, Officers, Notaries, and other
Minifters. One C//«,or Regent over the
Politicial Government is fuperiour to
thefe Governours, and has tw o aflift-
ants in the Execution o f his Office, call’d
Vuful and Sanfu, one o f the right, the
other o f the left Hand. T h e Vice-roy
call’d Fuyuen, who Governs the Pro­
vince, is above them all. Form erly a
certain Family had this Employment,
with the T itle of Petty Kings, or R o y-
telets, but it is ten Years truce the pre-
fent Emperor fupprefs’d that D ignity,
upon iufpition o f T reafon, taufing the
laft o f them to have his Head cut off!
O ver this Vice-roy is aTfnnto, or Vi-
car General o f two Provinces, who re-
fides in one of the two principal Cities,
or where he pleafes ; at prefent in Chi-
aozuinfu. T his Man in the Politicial G o-
vernment is fiiperior to che Vrce-roy,
and ahfolute in M ilitary Affairs, for he
alone gives Orders to the Souldiery,
which the Vice-roys have no Authority
to do. There is a Ganchiaft in the Pro-
vince for Criminal matters, whoPuniftr-
es all C rim es; and for the receiving the
Emperor's T axes, there is a T reafu rer
call’d Pufinfu. Fo r M ilitary Affairs,
there are two Generals fubordinare to
the TJ'unto, one o f them Commands the
Tartar T roops, and is call’d Chlanciun,
whofe Authority is equal to the Vice-
roys, for within the City the Chinefe
K ettle Drum, which is a Brafs Drum,
is beaten before him, and hasthirteen
ftrokes given follow ing, as is practis’d
with the V ic e -ro y ; the Authority and
D ignity o f Minifters being known in
China by the number o f Stiokes. T h e
other General Commands the Forces o f
the Country for the Guard o f the C ity,
but is fubordinate to the Vice-roy, and <
call’d Tim . The Generals have Col-
lones or Zumpins, Majors or Futians,,
Captains or Sect/pes, and Enligns or Pa­
tuns under their Command. T h ere are
in the C ity other Courts, and in each o f
them fix Clerks o f the fix great Conn­
ctls o f the Imperial Court, every one
to difpatch the Affairs belonging to that
Council he is o f ; of them we fhall fpeak
in its place.
T h efe Cities and their Suburbs are fo pefcrip-
Populous that there is fome T ro u b le in £ on of
_ . Ctnton*
going
IP
~ ' ... ‘ “
Chap7 l i r ~ | Of C H I N AT__________ _2£7
going aloiig in a Chair. T h e Fathers
WZndU Miffioners iky this City and its Suburbs,
l6 g . ' contain four Millions of Souls, and the
u - v - v Province as many more which to Eu-
rowans w ill found like a Fable, becaufe
they are not us’d to hear o f fuch num-
bers They may believe what they
Tjleafe but I write what 1 heard from
Fathers who deferve Credit, and had
no Intereft in this matter. T h e Houfes
are low either d f Stone, or Brick,
without any W indows to the Street and
almoft all alike, for the Chitreftt build
-,11 after the fame Model, and fo theC i-
ties refcmble one another. T here are
four Principal Gates to the Cities, fa-
ring Eaft W elt, North and South, the
Suburbs taking their Names from them,
I f the C ity be large therearem oreGar.es,
but thefe four mull not be omitted.
T h e Streets are very long and ftrait,
the Shops rich in Silks, D rugs, artd o-
ther Commodities o f the Country, el-
racially in the new C ity, for in the old,
where the Vice-roy refides with the
Souldiety and Courts aforefaid, there
is not much; in other points, the City
and Suburbs arc one continued B.AZjir or
Fair there is fuch a Multitude o f
sh »
‘ T h e Vice-roys and other Minifters Pa-
laces are big enough,and all upon a Floor
with their Tribunals, and therefore are
nothing beautiful,becaufe they areGourts,
within Courts, with the apartments and
Rooms about them, and receiving all
their Light from them. In the old C i-
ty is one Noble Street, having many
Stone Arches curioufly wrought. They
have n o , Cannon regularly difpos’d
on the W alls o f the T ow n , but only
a few fmall Pieces W Fire upon Fe-
^.jVa[s
iL Sunday the 1 1 f t , all the Chincfe Chri-
S f t S - Ilians came to our Church, and I was
rStherc. much edify’d to fee their extraordinary
Modelty. Tuefday the 23d , I went to
the old City to pay the Vitlt to the Fa-
ther CommilTary o f S. Francis. T here
I found a good Church and Monaftery,
built zo Years befor by the Little
King (wefaid before the Emperor caus’d
to be put to Death) who having a great
efteem for the Fathers, did not only
build their Church and Monaftery, but
facilitated the buying o f a Houfe which
Was fallen to the Emperor, and which
the Fathers got in the Suburb, at an
eafy rate, to found another • Church and
Monafterv where I then liv'd. Wed-
nefday the 24th, I went to pay the vilit
ro / Turcotti Superiour o f the Jefuits,
. VoU V.
<SL
' - ' -f
who being a Mdanefe, went over at the
expence of the Crown ot Spam, by the
way ot Mexico to M a n ila , .and fenc
thence to the Million o f T e re te . 1 here
he was made Prifoner with the G arri-
fonby the Dutch, who carry d him to
B atavia , where having recover d his
Liberty, lie went over to Macao under
the Protection p f the Crown ot Portugal.
There he was employ'd m the Million ot
Canton. .Both his Church and Monafte-
ry were Poor, and in a mean condition,
T h e Spam[It Fathers ot the Order ot Si
Auguftin, two years before this, bought
Houfes to build their Church, which
they had not yet begun, no more chan
the French Fathers o f the Society, re-
ildihg iti Peking, whofe Houfe is near to
the others.
Near Canton, appears another float- Floatinj
ing City in Boats upon the Canal, tor city,
in every one o f them whole Families
live with their Bealls, and Birds, each
of t hem being as long as a Galley, co-
ver’d with Boards,or Canes, or elfe with
Fig leaves, with i i or izfeveral Rooms
in length, to which there is a Comma-
nication through a bdaidcd_ Gallery*
which runs along both Tides o f' them.
In China a Gentleman cannot go a
Hep. afoot, but mull be carry’d in a
Chair, to avoid falling into the con-
tempt o f the Chmefes $ but the Chair is
to be had at a reafonable rate, and better
than thofe in Naples. They ufe no ftraps
to carry them, but have a piece o f W ood
nail’d acrofs the two Poles, which they
lay on their Shoulders bare, fo that it can
do no hurt by cutting the Flelh. T h e
Chmefes, will carry a Chair hx Miles for
a Carline ot Naples Mony, which is not
full fix pence.
Being refolv d to go on to Peking, I
fppke to the fuperior o f the Monaftery
where I lay, to provide me a faithful
Servant. He being fubordmate to the
Fathers ot the Society, privately ac-
quainted F. Turcotti with it, to know
his W ill, and he being an honeft L m -
hard bid him let me go, whereas had
he been a Portuguefe, he had ceitamly
obftrudted my Journey. Yet this my
Resolution did not. a little incrcafe the
jealoufy o f the Miftioners,, and confirm
them,in the Opinion that I was fenc by
the Pope to enquire privately into the
divilions in China, feeing I was going on
to the Court. I am ot Opinion this
jealoufy facilitated my Journey, which
otherwife is full of difficulties, becaufe
the Portuguefe Fathers will have no Eu­
ropean go to the Court without their con-
p P fent*
 ■ G°feX

ft)l —\ \ \

298 A Voyage round the W O R L D.
r \ j^ S 't fent. A fter the aforefaid precaution,
Gtm elli. the Father Superior procur’d me a Chri-
16 9 5 . ftian Chinefe guide, or condudor, who
< ^ V ~ V was ripe in Years, and Hir’d him felf lo r
a Taesper Month (which is 15 Carlines o f
.Naples Coin, or a N oble Sterling) giv-
ing him four Pieces o f Eight earneft
to provide for his Family. T h ree
days after he came to acquaint me, that
he was known and had Relations at the
C ourt, and therefore could not cook
for m e, and perform other mean Ser-
vices, and therefore it would be requi-
§L
Book I.
ike, I ihould take another, and he would
be Steward, and provide conveniencies
for T ravellin g. 1 fubmitted to this
ImpOiition, becaufe o f his T ruftin efs,
the Fathers being fureties fo r him, and
took a Chriftian Servant eighteen Years
o f A g e , to drefs M eat, and do 0-
ther mean Offices, after the rate o f a
piece o f Eight a Month, and made him
buy all necelTaries for my Journ ey, e-
ven to Lamps. I deliver’d my Bag-
gage to the Father fuperior, leaving my
Slave in the Monaftery.

C H A P . I V.
x r
The Author's Voyage to Nanyanfu.

H
A ving made Provision o f V is u a l, fo r which fubordination, it may be call’d
I went aboard with my tw o Chi- a V illage, but fuch a one as contains a
neje Servants, on Friday the 26th late, in M illion o f Souls, as all the Fathers,
the P o ll Bark, or Packet Boat, Pent out Miffioners unanimoufly inform’d me.
every three days by the Vice-roy, to Flere Night coming on the W ater-m en
give the Emperor an account o f all that put an end to their Labour, taking their
happens in the Province, which only he reft on the Guard o f Xuantin.
and the two prime Minifters can do. Sunday the 28th, we fet out again
For three pieces o f Eight, I had a good three hours before day, always in fight
convenient Cabbin in that Bark. It fet o f good Villages and T i l l ’d Grounds, for
n o to u t that N ight, waiting to be dif- the Chinefes are fo Induftrious, that they
patch’d, which being done we prefent- do not only T ill the Plain, but the Moun-
ly fet Sail on Saturday, about nine in tains, cutting them out in Alcents to fow
the Morning. W e went out o f the them. Before N oon we pafs’d by the
great Canal o f Canton, into another lefs, T o w n o f Suetan, feated in a W ood o f
full o f Boats, always in fight o f Villa- Fru it T r e e s ; after which we pafs’d by
ges and Country Houfes, amidft green another call’d Sinan, above a Mile in
Pufi-ian Fields. T hree hours before Sun fetting, length, both fides o f the Shore being
City. we came to the C ity o f Fafcian, where inhabited, and no fewer living on Boats
the Cuftomhoufe Officer, who was in a upon the W ater. W e flopp’d at the
Boat, only look’d upon the Mafter o f our Guard o f Suxytan. Five Men ro w ’d all
V eflel’s Pafs. T h e C ity is two Miles in this way. It is v ery Pleafant T ra v e l-
length on both fides the Banks, w ell lin g, both the G reen Banks appearing as
b u ilt, but low. T h e other C ity ( I a Man lies in his Bed.
give it this Name becaufe o f its great- Monday the 2pth, before day we held
S ' nefs, whereas in reality it is a V illage) on our V oyage, meeting at every four jyng R”
is on the W ater, made o f Boats, the M iles the Guards o f the Canal, who ve 1
Multitude whereof is fo great that it have a great Boat Mann’d with Fire-
almoft fhuts up the Paflage o f the C a- locks, and a fniall Gun at the head to
nal. E very T o w n on the Land has an- pnrfue R o b b ers; the Em peror main-
other to anfwer it on the W ater, the taining an infinite number o f Souldiers
poor People liking to live in floating to fecure all the Roads in the Em pire,
Houfes on the Canals, which crofs all the keeping Guards at competent diftances.
Country. Fnfcian is a great T ra d in g Befides it is very hard for a R obber to'
C ity, full o f rich Shops, and the bell efcap e; for if he goes into his own
W ebs the Spaniards carry’d o ver into C ountry, he w ill be apprehended, and
New Spain, are made here. It has a- i f he would ablcond elfewhere it is not
bove a thoufand Looms for Silks, in each prad icable, becaufe the Inhabitants o f
o f which four pieces are made at once, that quarter where he would fettle, w ill
T here is no Court o f Juftice in this place not admit him, without ten Families to
but it is fubject in all things to Cant ony be bound for him, and they w ill not do
- it

c3 O 0 ■ (C ■ 'I
III §L
/

C ^ T v .”^ Of C H I N A. ___ 299

^ r r « > M - b e w e ,, k n o w . Ac .J ^ d c o f t o ,,

G. '" e t , S S * S £ S t t ™ S U g « * * * t r; X k i '.f e y ih a t X

‘f i ' S % \ l n S L N e n « , S » W - S h a lt d r e f s ’ d ,
n g h t - h a a d S h o e o f a c o d .d e r a b le le n g t q ’ c t u r n s a fld w in d s i t i a h is h a n d s ,
a b o u n d in g in a ll T h in g s w as a n o th c r c u ts it ; o n e w a fh c s and ano-
Tuefd*y,
th e 3 » ■ r j be- t h e r lo o k s a s i f h e w o u l d ( w a l l o w J t .
t o w d a lo n g w ith a P » w e r e ’c o n . T h e i r f i r f t M e a l is a t b r e a k o f D a y , a n d
c a u fe th e W in d a n , b etw e e n fo th e y c o n tin u e e v e r y h o u r , n o r h a v e
tra ry- A f t e r n o o n 1j e e n tred j e w e e n 3 o th e r G o d b ut t h e ir B e lly .
v a ft h ig h M o u n t a i n >, w hd P ^ v£_ Saturday the 3d, we la y a t N i g h t n e a r
g iv e w a y to th e C a n a l. y th e G u a rd Fattu. The heat w as tro u -
r y p le a fa n t , 8 * * * “ *“ £ t R ^ b lc fo m e < w h i c h t h e W a t e r - m e n i n c r e a s ’ d

1 i tS \ bea\ ! 55 a 2 r c a t Ftfod w i t h fe ttin g u p lig h t s e v e r y N ig h t b e fo re a

th e le ft h an d w e & lic t le I d o l, w h ic h w a s w it h in m y C a b b in ,
m a n y H o u l e s .a b o u t i t , a m o n g t h e g r e i . r e a fo n 1 f 0 0 n p u t th e m o u t.

fr ,? V m e a t r i c yF l r S r t i i C h hnoe W a y Che 4t h , b e fo re N ig h c -M , «
? , j k i . t a t c r e t a n p 'd b y w e i g h c f o r c a m e co S u V n e e J ™ / * , a C i t y c n c o m p a f i d
fo d h e re , b “ t e ^ ^ , Y fe r £ o n to b y a w e a k W a l l , fo u r M ile s in c o m p a fs , / * C it y .
R ic e ) m y ^ . S t o T l o d r= 6 m e a a i d e n c l o s 'd t h r e e p a r t s o f ic b , t h e R i -
boil w i t h a H e n , t h i n k i n g _ , y lr h a s R o o d H o u le s , a n d S h o p s a t -
d a i n t y D i f t , b u t u r e w it m h t e r t h c ain ef e fa f h io n . Monday th e 5 t h ,
n a l. H a v in g p a fs d th e n a r ro w 0 1 t ^ ^ ^ f o m c c h a m b e r S j t h c Man.
M o u n t a in s , w e la y N gl t I q{ &e c ; c a in e a l o n g ch e ( b o a r
G u a r d o f Xyacbca. H e re th e “ W jjf ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ w en t tw 0

, D l' u n l ^ ^ “ . n V o s r h n W a t c h f o l n e f s . M e n w it h .B r a f s D r u m s , w h o g a v e n i n e
C e n tm e l d u i, to W Qn t h r 0 » ftr o a k s f o llo w in g ,t w o b le w C o lo u r s ,t w o
Wednefday he ^ j e {h e w h ite , t w o M a c e s w it h D ra g o n s heads
p la c e s li t t le i n l ; b . f d ’ i R iv c r . a t th e e n d s o f t h e m , b e i n g t h e I m p e r i a l
N i g h t in t h e m i d d l e o t t.he K i e E x e c u t io n e r s w ith S ta v e s m
Thur/day t h e f i r t a f Sefumb r , t h ^ a n d s , fo o r fo u c 0 „

n a l m a k in g * * J (h ad ed b y th e m , t h e r O f f ic e r s w i t h R e d a n d B l a c k H a t s
o f M o u n t a in e . r .nexyen a f n ia U w i t h o u t 'B r i m s , a n d w i t h t w o P l u m e s
a n d emme a t N ^ i t 0 ’ S u b u r b . 1 h a n g in g , w h o m ad e a n o ife to g iv e n o -
A ccoun tof w a l l d 1 o w n , 8 tb ere w e re t ic e to th e P e o p le . T h e n cam e th e
w e n t in t o . 8 L w b i s k e r s a n d Mandarine i n a C h a i r c a r r y ’d b y f o u r
g r e a t Id o ls fit t in g wi h W h K , M w k h t h r c e U m b r e l l o e s o n h is fid e s .

Ik ” 8 T c t on S h S S ; w h ic h a r e T e n ’ S e r v a n t s w ith S c im it a r , f o ,lo w ’d
Chtntfe C a p s o n tn e ir n e ^ , th e P o in ts fo r w a r d s m lte a d

h gh th e ®” f “ f S w asT su ! O f th e H ilt s . T h a t N ip h t w e la y n ear

H ead. A t 'l _ o f f e r t h e fa n i€ th e H o u le s o f T a riff o r G u a r d o t Uyan~
tu e fo m e w h a t le ft , f i ^ n g a ft e r th e la n fo tn e t h / 6'th> w e c o n t in u ’ d i n
m an n er, b u t w it h a n od fd c th c m id f t o f t h e K iv c i, h a v in g m ade
( h « ° h a d b e “ >“ a g e s W it h o n t th e b u t fa le w a y .t a r e t h e & r r e n t w a s r a .

^ l ^ r 7 tb , a ft e r N ig b t - f a ,,.

K i t S ’ ^ C a s k e t in
U s H an d re fe m b h n g an O fie r ra g ^ F n r^ ^ ^ ^ a l( f j[ h c r ,tS > b e c a .fe o f

o rth T m :S h a G ro o m h o ld i" | h t a b y ^ t o r e n ^ f o r w ra n c o f . W u e . j

IKaSSsh
tat>tlK
f i g ' s T b S m ® . 2 » W h ic h had 7 0 0

G u r rd/ v “ f l ^ d a s w e p a f s ’ d b y a Pa- n u m b e r o f B o a ts. Ibnrjday t h e 8 t h , _

Friday r C i - e m id d le o f a h ig h w e c o n t in u ’ d o u r V o y a g e w i t h m o r e e x -
g „d c u t o a t r f t t e j dde o a n ig COm m g a t S i m - f e t , t o T tncoy
K o e k , th e b lin d W a t e r - m e n W i M P . w h e’ r e b c c 3 U re th e R i v e r c a n n o t W a -

' K i V t h e B o a t d r a w n w ith te r th e F ie ld s , th e i n d n l t r i c s

V o l. IV . 1

* ;■- 2,01
ttl
^oo A Voyage round the W -O R. L O.
C\*/\s~i drew ic up by force in a Buckec, two
Gemelli. Men working at the Rope i or elfe
1595. turning a W h e e l with their Feet, about
C /Y N J which, and another is one end o f a
Chain’ o f fquar’d Boards, which pafling
through a Jong wooden Trough, one
end of which Is in the River, raifes the
W ater through it, and is convey’d in a
Channel along the Field. A curious in-
vention, which none but the wonder-
ful w it o f the Chinefes, could have found
out. That Night we lay near the fmall
Place call’d Tauriyen.
Friday the 9th, I came after Noon to
Nanyunfu the laft City o f the Province
o f Canton on that fide. I went to the
Church o f the Spani[h Fathers Million-
ers, where though 1 found not the Fa-
ther, who was gone to the Villages o f
<SL
Book 1.
his Million, 1 was courteoufly receiv’d
by the Servants, who treated me in the Nttiyunf*
belt manner they could. Nanymfu is City.
on the right fide of the R iver, in 25
Degrees o f Latitude, and 14 2 o f Longi-
tude. It ftretches a Mile and a half in
length, and is but a quarter o f a Mile
in breadth. Having taken a Chair for
coolnefs, I was carry’d about it, and
found nothing to pleafe the Eyes, be-
caufe befides that their Houfes are low,
there are many decay’d and gone to
ruin, there being large Gardens within
the City. There are abundance o f
Shops o f Goods and Provifions, this
place being an unavoidable thorough-fare
for all Commodities carry’d out o f the
South to the North, or from the North
to the South.

C H A P. Y.

The way that ntujl of neceffity be gone by Land, to take Boat again, and the De-
feription of the great Canal of China*

M
Y Servants caus’d three Chairs to ripens at all times, the Land never ly-
be brought betimes on Saturday ing fallow. 1 din’d at Noon in one o f
the tenth to the Convent, one for me, thofe Inns, and afterwards refted in an-
and two for them. They are very other, becaufe o f the heat. T ho’ the
light, being made of Cane, even to the Mountain for two Miles afeending, and
Poles, becaufe they are to be carry'd 0- as far defeending was very Iteep, yet I
ver a Craggy Mountain. It-is incre- went it in a Chair, becaufe the Men that
Traveling dible how nimbly thofe Chair-men tra- carry’d we wereftrong, and I fomewhat
InaChair, without retting any more than indispos’d. One Vicen whilft he was
three times all the journey o f 30 Miles, Mandarine o f Nanganfu made the way
trotting five Miles an hour, without the through this Mountain, but with the af-
eafe oi Straps, inftead o f which they fiftance o f him o f Nanyunfu, who in like
have a hard piece of W ood acrofs, ly- manner cut the unpaliable Mountain on
ing on their Necks, which cuts their his fide. In return for which good adt
Flelh, but fome o f them ufe a Leather the Chinefes eredled a Paged in Honour
Collar to five themfelves. The way Was o f thefe two Mandarines in thcJVlid-way.
like a continual Fair, there was fuch a- with their Statues, adoring them as Idols,
bundance o f Goods carry’d along it by Being come o ff the Mountain and ha-
an infinite number o f Porters, and fo ving travel’d two Miles from it, 1 came
many Chairs. For in China all Merchan- to Nanganfu three hours before Night,
dize being carry’d upon Rivers, and and lodg’d in the Houfe o f the Spanijh
there being no Communication between Francifcans, and tho’ the Father was not
thofe bn Nanyunfu and Nanganfu,o f which there, being gone abroad into the L i-
is the greateft Trade o f the Empire, icis berties of his Million, yet the Servants
carry’d thirty Miles by Land, the Men complimented me with great R efpea and
ferving inftead o f Bealls, carrying good Submiffion. No Milfion in China is better
Burdens, and I may truly affirm in this than this, maintain’d here by the Chari-
Journey I met above 30000. T o feed ty o f our Spanijh Monarch, who after be-
fuch a number o f People, the Road is ing at the expence o f 1000 Pieces o f eight
a continual row o f Villages and Inns, for fending a Miffioner into China „•
where thofe Porters dine, for the va- pun&ually, fupplies him with 140 more
lue o f a Grain o f Naples Mony, which per annum, allowing the Reform’d Fran-
isthe fmalleft Coin. T h e Country where eifeans for 20 Fathers, tho’ they have
Tillable is a perfeft Field o f Rice, which but 12 there. T he fame he does with
the ,
I

, | 0
1 . ..... ' ............... ..*------- —-——
CP
"Ch^T- O f C U
the Spanish Dominicans and Anguftinians,
Cemelli. who alfo go thither by the way o f
169$. Manila. The Mony they fave at the
t-'-VNJ years end, they employ in building
new Churches, and adorning old •, for
the fineft in Canton, Nanyunfu, and N an-
ganfu are thofe o f the Spanijh Fathers,who
keep them very decently. T h o ’ the Je-
fuits in Peking, Cancbeuju, and other Ci-
ties have Revenues o f Houfes and Lands,
yet they live very fparingly, when they
are not punctually reliev’d from Form-
gal, they themfelves having told me,
that the Year before this we fpeak of,
there were only 25 Tats a Miffioner di-
ftributed, which is 3 1 pieces o f Eight,
which cannot fuffice to maintain four or
five Servants, for thofe that have no
Revenues. Yet thofe o f Peking fare
Well.
, h avin g taken a Chair, I went about
the C ity, which is the firft in the Pro-
vince o f Kiamjytthe Mountain dividing the
two Provinces. It is feated on the right
Handofthe River, being a Mile in length,
bclides the Suburbs; there are many V il-
Kinginfu lages on the other fide. T h e Houfes
City. are o f stone, Brick, and Tim ber, low ,
4 and ill built, Streets narrow, and the
Shops not very Rich, tho’ here is a great
T rade by Land and W ater, for it were
neceflary the R iv e r Ihould flow with
^ G old, to make that infinite number o f
Inhabitants eafy.
T h e great Canal o f China, which
makes that vaft Empire Navigable from
one end' to the other, for the vaft length
The great 0f about 1800 Miles,always along Rivers
Cana * and Canals (tho’ I travel’d one days
journey from Nanyunfu to Nanganfu)
was made by the Command o f the T a r-
tar Prince Xlcu, or Chublay. For the
W eftern Tartars having about 400 Years
fince Conquer’d China, they fix’d the
Seat of their Empire at Peking, that
they might be more at hand to govern
their Dominions o f the WeHern Tartary,
which begins at the Province o f Peking,
bnd Rfetches out as far as the Mogul’s
Country, and to Perjta on the Cafpian
Sea i and becaufe the Northern Provin-
ces could not furnifh the neceflary Pro-
vifions for the fupport o f that. Mighty
Court, it being at the fame time very
uncertain to bring them by the Sea, out
o f the South, by reafon of Calms and
Stortns, he em ploy’d an infinite hum-
ber o f People, who with an Immenfe
Charge, and wonderful Iriduftry, cut a
Canaf acrofs feveral Provinces 3500
thinefe Furlongs in length, which make
a\0 Italian Miles. T his Canal, as well
■ §L
I N X joi
to break the current o f the W ater, as
to make ic the deeper has in feveral pla-
ces 72 Siuces. They have ftrongwood-
en Gates which are (hut at N ight, and
open’d in the Day, for Boats to pafsi
The paflage through them is generally
eafy, but there are fomc few Difficult
and Dangerous, efpecially that they call '
Tien-Ficha, that is, The Queen or Lady o f
Heaven , to exprefs its extraordinary
height. When the Boats go again!! the
Scream, and are come to the foot o f
this Sluce, they are tow’d with feveral
Ropes by four, or five hundred Men^
fanning ftrong Cables to Stone Pillars,
in cafe the Ropes Ihould not anfwer*
Being thus fecur’d they all begin gently
to draw the Boat by beat o f Drum, and
then make all the halte they can, whilft
Ihe is in the violent part of the Current,
to bring her at one pull out o f Danger, 1
and into the Handing Water. They
go down with much precaution , but
more Danger \ faltning Cords to the
Hern o f the Boat, which they lec run
gently, whilft others with long Poles,
fhod with Iron keep them from dalh-
ing againfi: the Banks. This Canal be-
gins at the City Tan-chest, eight Miles
from Peking , where there is a River
wliofe Stream is follow'd till it falls into
another River near the Sea, which they
run up for fome Days. N ext they come
into a Canal made by A r t , and after
failing 70 Miles, there is a Paged, call’d
Fuen-xieu-miao, that is, the Temple o f the '
Spirit, which divides the W aters j be-
caufe here the W aters make no opprifi-
tion, but they run along it only with
the help o f Oars. This W ater comes
from a Lake Eaftwards through a Canal,
cut by the Chinefes, through a Mountain
Hopping the natural tourfe o f the R i-
ver, and conveying it fo artificially to
this P a g e d , that when ic comes over ar
gamft ic, one half tuns North, and
the other half South. The Canal in fome
places runs within the City, and in o-
thers along the Walls. It erodes part o f
the Province o f Peking, all that o f Xan-
tung, and after entring that o f Nanking
falls into this rapid R iv e r, which the
Chinefes call, the yellow River-, on which
there is not two clays Sail, and then
they enter into another River , up
which they run a Mile, at the end where-
o f is a Canal , made by the Chinefes,
on the South fide o f this laH R iver,
which runs towards the City Hoaingan.
From hence it runs through feveral C i-
ties, till coming to the Tow n o f Tam-
cheu, not far from thence, it falls into the
great
V
 *» o* * • /'A w n ; - ■■ w- w •■■ •■ •• ™v*p»pr’
■ » . ,\ _ ' .' ' •; X
^ Voyage round the W O R L D .
0,^/v^k great River &i'4w, half a days Journey
Gcmelli. from the City N anking.Thli was certain-
169^. ly a greater and more"wonderful W ork,
I S - s fS J
C H A Pi VI.
The Voyage to N an ch ian fu , the Metropolis of the Province o f K ian fi.
S Vnday the 1 1 th, I found my felf fo
weak, by reafon o f a loofnefs, that
I could not let out, tho’ the Boat was
ready. Monday the 12th, Iwentaboard,
and the Boat immediately fet out with
the Stream, amidlt valfc high Mountains,
the City o f Nanganfu being at the Foot
of, and all round befet by them. A t
Sun fet we refted at the Village o f Set-
Sdmtun. maun. Tuefday the 1 3th, getting out o f
the confinement o f the Mountains, we
met many Boats, which were fome hiu-
drance to us, becaufe o f the narrownefs
o f the Channel, fo that we could make
but little way. Yet we came at Night
to lye at the Town o f Sinchin, whofe
W all is above half a Mile in compafs,
with a little Suburb on one fide. Wed-
nefday the 14 th , three Hours before
m n-a k- N ight, we pafs’d by Nan-can-xien, feat-
•>». ed on the left Hand o f the River. It is
a Mile long, with Suburbs on the oppo-
• lite Bank j in Europe it would be ac-
* counted a City, but the Chinefes call’d it
r _. a Borough,tho’ encompafs’d with a Wall.
T here are good Shops, and it is Popu-
lous. As we were palling, a Mandarine
went into a fine B o at, cover’d , and
painted^ with the Mulick o f Pipes and
Drums, and firing o f fome fmall Guns,
A t Night we lay by at Tanfu, or Guard
o f Sint an. Thurfday 15 th , we pafs’d
„ heU' the Night at Xuanchcn, where fell the
“ firftRain, fince I came into China.
Friday the 16th, we came in early to
Cmcbeufu. the Cicy Cancheufit, where as in all other
City. J Cities o f this Empire, there are very
Antient Tow ers, on the Hills andMoun-
tains, which the Chinefes call Paata,
T h ey are about 150 Spans, or about 1 1 2
Foot high, fome more. They end at top
In a long Stone cut in Knots, and are
Hexagons, or Octagons. That o f this
C ity had 9 Stories, or Cornifhes, and 6
Windows to every one to look out on
all fides. The Chinefes vary in Opinion
as to the intent o f building them; fome
faying they were for Watch Towers,
placing Centinels in them, in time o f
need, to give notice to the Cidzensof
the approach o f any Enemy. Others
■■ * - yap •;■ ■ ■ • ■■
<SL
Book I.
than all thofe Antient ones we are
told o f the Romans, Perfa n s, Affyriant,
or other former Monarchies.
affirm every City built them to make
their Obfervations in Sooth-faying but
I am o f Opinion the main defign o f the
Builders, was to beautify the Cities,
they being for the moft part about the
Gates, and in fight o f thofe that go in.
I thought to have let out loon, but the
ill cuftom o f China, made me ftay a day,
fo r the Cuftom-houfe Officer to fearch
the Boat, who ufes to fearch but once a
day, two hours after Sun-rifing, fo that
the Boats which come in later, muftltay
till the next day. I went to lee the?
Church o f the French Jtfu its, which is
fmall but well adorn’d, and the Houfe
convenient for one Religious Man at-
tended by eighs Servants. I found not
the Superior at home, he being gone to
fome Sick Chrillians. The City is feat-
ed on the Plain o f the great Hill, is
beautiful, and has good rich Shops,
About it is a W all, and oppofite to it
Suburbs on the further Bank. The Hou-
fes are very good after the Country fa-
Ihion, the Streets well pav’d and ftrait.
1 plainly perceiv’d what aFolly I was guil-
ty o f in wandering through ftrange
Countries, with twd Chinefe Servants,
Whom I neither knew nor underltoodj
yet having refolv’d to go round the
W orld, 1 was oblig’d to go on without
apprehending any Danger Of Misfor-
tune that might happen, there being no
other way o f Travelling, if a Man has
the Curiofity to fee and obferve things
himfelf. I would have chang’d my
Principal Servant in this place, becaufe
he was fomewhat bold 3 but was told I
mull bear with him, by reafon I might
light o f another, that might proven
T h ie f and worfe.
Saturday 17th, after the Difcharge o f
three Chambers, the two Mandarines o f
the Cullom-Houfe came to clear the
Boats. They late as it were in Judg-
ment finder a Barach, or Shec on the
R iver, where there were three Boats
well cover’d, with two great, and ten
fmall Colours, at each o f which hung
H orfe-Tails, and Mains dy’d Red. Ha-
vingdone their Duty, they gave us leave
to
, . • . -j.
f(I)|
K
ChlpTyi. ' O/ C H I N A
to depart. W e fet out two Hours be-
Cem dli. fore Noon. Our way was along a rocky
S695 . R iver, where the Boac was in Danger,
but the Banks were well inhabited. Ac
Night we came to the Guard, or Village
feuebin. o f Jeucbin. Sunday 18th, continuing our
Voyage along the fame R iver ftiil rocky,
three Hours before Night we left on
Gum&m- the right Shore Guanganxien, a City en-
*“ "* compafs’d with a W all near a Mile a-
bout, and almolt Square. It was late
vccim- when we came to Pecianzjw, a Town on
ium. rlgnt hand Shore j another call d
Seimcheu. Sciaucheu, being on the oppofite Bank,
It was hard to reckon the Miles we
went, becaufe the Boat went flow, and
there was but one or two Oars us’d, one
at the Stern, and another on the fide,
which play’d in the W ater without ever
bemg taken out o f it. T his the Vonu-
gucfe5 call Lio Lio, and the Chinefes in
that Province Jaunu. Befides, the River
had many windings, fo that we had dou-
ble the way to go. 1 he Chinefes meafure
it by L ij, each o f which is 260 Paces,
13 o f them making a Spanijh League.
. Monday 19th, about Noon I faw on
Tiyxoxm. the lefc hand Shore the T ow n o f Tayx-
oxien, enclos’d by a good W all a Mile
in length, with two T ow ers on the
fides, and another two Miles oft: W e
lay at the Guard o f the Village o f Tun-
Tmehinpu. cbinpa. Tuefday 20th, early we pafs’d
Chuncim. V a Sreal- V 'j aS f ^ Chianciatu, on
the right hand fide ot the R iver, oppo-
Tefchhtx. fite to which was another call’d Pefchi-
a ta .' Afcer which 1 faw many more,
Junfu. particularly Junfu. A fter Noon we came
Kienwfu t0 Kignanfa where F. Gregory Ibanez, o f
City. Valencia-, oancl ^Miflloner of the Francif-
cans fending his Chair for me, I went to
his Houfe, where I refted that Day and
N ight, all the Chmefe Chriftians coming
to fee me. T his Houfe had been Bought
four Years before, nor was there any
Church Built as yet, but Mafs was faid
in a little Chappel. 1 his City is on the
left o f the R iver, and large, being a
League long including the South Suburb,
About it is a good W all, and the Streets
and Shops are good. F. Ibanez, told me,
That the Cbixen, or Mandarine of Ju -
ftice had put out an Order, forbidding
the W on hipof Idols, and had but a few
Days before Baftinado’d five Bonz.es, and
made another Kneel a whole Day in the
Sun,for not having obtain’d Rain o f their
Idols, as they had Boafted they could.
Setting out late on IVednefday 2 1ft,
we left a good wall’d Tow n on the right
Kifchiujx- hand fide o f the R iver, it is call’d K if-
nn chiuyxien, becaufe another River falls
►
. <SL
^
into that we were upon. That Night
we lay at the Guard o f Zunchianian. £ u«chu,
■ Thurfday 22d, we lefc the Tow n ot nUn.
Shiakianxien on the left, where a long Shiakw*
W all begins in the South, and riling up
a high Mountain, runs along feveral
Mountains b9ie o f T rees, and winding
on the other fide, goes down amfinft the
North, being above four Miles in length
and all to no purpofe, there being no’
Habitation on thole Mountains Yet 1
judg’d that great S t a t u r e might be
made to fhut up the Cattle on the Moun~
tain in time o f W ar. Upon the R iver
is an infinite number o f Boats which
ferve for all forts o f Carriage, theBuild-
ing and Hire o f them being both Cheap •
for they are made o f Planks, rudely put
together, being wide below, and co-
ver’d with Canes carefully fp lit, o f
which they alfo make Sails, Cordage,
and Malts, China abounding in them,
and there being abundance of Tim ber
faltned together, drawn along this R i-
ver. Every Man here is employ’d to
get his Living either on the Land or
W ater, and they apply themfelves to it
fo Induitrioufly, that the very Europeans
admire the variety o f their Workman-
fliip, and their Inventions for Fifhing, Pithing in
for befides all ours, which they ufe, they <*»'«<
have others peculiar to themfelves • as
for Inftance, the making fmall Woods
of little T rees in the middle o f the R i-
ver, thus drawing the Filh to the Shade,
to enclofe them in Walls o f Canes and
fo catch them. T hey alfo catch abun-
dance o f Birds, which they call
and are Sea C ro w s; thefe diving under
W ater take fmall, and great Fifh, put-
ting out their Eyes with their Beaks 5
but they can only fvvailow the fmalleft,
becaufe the Ingenious Chinefes, tie a
String about their Necks, which w ill
not allow them to open to fwallow the
larger, and lo they take them. This is
a very pleafant way o f Filhing, and
much us’d in China ; every Fifher-Man
keeping feveral Birds for this purpofo
without any Charge. Others employ
themfelves in the lame River near the
City, in lilting the Sand to take u pSil-
ver, Brafs, 01 Iron, for it is not above
ten Years iince the Coin call’d Zicn, or Cofin.
Chiappe, was brought up, it being the cu-
Horn before to cut bits o f Silver, fo that
it was often loft about the Houfe in the
dtift, and thrown into the River. In
Canton they gave 1 1 4 0 'Chiappe, for a
piece o f Eight, but in the Province o f
K iangf, it is not chang’d for above yso
the Brafs Mony of one Piovince not
being
f(f)|
A ° X ~ - sV \ 1

<SL

A Voyage round the VV O R L D. _ book 1.

~ h ein e curren t''ia"^ oth eT ^ rh atd ay we
ran between Shores well inhabited.Three
69 hours before Sun fee, the Wind blew fo
J A r v J hard at North, that it oblig’d us to take
up on theoppofite (hore to the T ow n ,
A-owJka. Of Stncanjhen on the right fide o f the
R iver, which happens very often, be-
caufe that Wind which is contrary to
thofe that are Bound Northward, blows
half the Year. Ac Night a great Rain
r ,.j
K M oc- C Friday 13 d , being able to go no fur-
S ther fo f the Rain, we lay at the Guard
o f fcnchio'ian. In fuch Weather the
Country People here ufe half Cloaks,
or Mantles, and Garments made of the
inward Rind o f T rees with Hoods,
which keep off the Rain and Cold prtt-
tv well. During this troublefome Voy-
age my Servants attended me very Affe-
dtiouately, efpecially the young Man,
who, tho’ he did not underftand me,
yet being willing, endeavour’d to ap-
prehend Things by Signs; and in Truth
he did all Things to my Mind, for the
Chinches are curious Servants, and have
particular Ingenious ways. They can do
that with few T oo ls or Utenlils, for
which other Nations require many. Had
he been willing to come into Europe, I
would have brought him with all my
Heart to ferve me, for I was never fo
well waited on by any European. A ll
Mcat in China is drefs’d with Hogs Hard,
for they ufe no Butter, nor Oil tho’ it
be on Friday or Saturday ; becaufe there
* m Oil i O lives hot o f Rape, or
other Seeds to burn in Lamps, or in
Cookery by feme very pool Body. The
W ind abating, we continu’d our Voyage
on^Saturday 24th, through a Country
well Peopled, and having pafs’d by the
Tow ns of Xmt, Ju n ta and CbuwjhXy,
lay ii. that o f JanzM-cheu. Sunday ^ th ,
ead yw ep afs’d b yth e Town o f P u n ch y
and ftay’d at Night in that of Sf»*».
Monday 26 th, befoie Sun-riling w e t ,
came to Nanchtanfu, the' MjgropoIIs oi ^
the Province o f Ha i g taken a
Chair, I went to the Jtfm ts Church,
where I found not the superior, he be­
m g gone fomc Days before to Canton
Y et I lay in the Home ull all Things
were provided to go bn. The Church is
mail, and the Houfe convenient. This
City and Province is govern d by a Vice-
Hoy, and feveral Courts. It is very
large, but in the upper part there are
Fields and Gardens, for want of Inhabi-
tants; and yet it is troubkfome going
along the Streets becaufe oi the I Hong,
I be. Shops are Rich, after the Chmefe
F aff ion,, the. Streets ffrait, and pav d,
but it is m vain to look for ffately Stru-
fu r e s here, or in other Parts of Chwa j
for as the Cities here are all Built by
one Model, fo all the Houles are flat,
low, and made of Brick, and Mud, there
b e in g ;w y few o f Stone. They have
no Windows to the Street, but receive
% h t from the Court, about which ail the
Rooms are built On the Hir er there
« another City in the Boats of W ater-
men to 1 ravel about and o f Fifher-meu
that live by that Calling. T h e tM anda-
nnes have ftately Boats, with the Stern
as high as a Ship and wrth feveral Room
m them cunoufly Painted and G ilt as
upon the River. In_ thole boats tnere
are many Poles with red Horfe Tails
hanging at them, and Drums and Pipes;
by the number o f which things is known
the quality of him that is within.

CHAP. V II.
A continuation of the Vojage to Nanking.

B
Eing weary o f going by W ater, I Voyage. They would not Cake under 7
refolv’d to hire Mules to Peking, Leans and a half, which makes ten peices
as the Fathers o f the Society ufe to do, o f Eight and an half for fix days Journey 5
when they come to this place, for there tho* I had not paid fo much for above a
is no coming hither any other way but Months Travel from Canton to N onets
bv W a te r; but I could not find conve- anfai where l had three leveral Boats,
niency further than to Nanking, fo that I and the Chairs. Tuefday 27th, I went to
was forced to take another Boat, which lie aboard tor coolncfs, and fet out
coft me dear, becaufe o f the extravagant Wednefday 28th before D ay, lying at
Duty the Water-men pay at Fucheu,which Night at a Country Houfe call d Chrnu.
is not according to the Goods, but the Tburfday 29th, we advanced fcarce a Mile
bignefs of the Boat, tho' it be empty ; by reafon o f the North Wind Fnduy
fo that the Paffengers pay for all, the the laftday o f the Month, the fame
Water-men making their account before Wind continuing we made tour Miles,
ihey bargain, to make fure o f a good wUft

*[*. . ., r ........ ...... . . ..... ...uW...............

|I| . <SL

Chap.ViL O f c H IN ~ A . T°T
rsjv«/> with much Difficulty, and lay at the between the two ends o f the Town.
Gemelli. Guard o f Sancheu. T his is the firft place In the Province o f
1695. T he Wind ceaiing, we fet out be- Nanking. IVcdncfday 5th, after a flourilh
V 'V 'G times on Saturday the firfl o f Ottaber, q f Mulick, and firing three Guns, ap-
^len and came to the Tow n o f Vien7 which is pear’d the Attendance o f the Cuftomers
own' on the left o f the R iver, and molt o f the Mandarines, with levcral Tablets, on
Houfes are Built o f Timber and Canes, which were Cbinefe Characters, carry’d
Here all the Purcellane is ffiipp’d o ff for by their Officers and Servants, with
the Kingdom, and for Exportation, the Flags, Maces, and Chains dragging along
fineit of all China, being that o f the C i- the Ground, and with Umbrcllocs and
ty o f Joachtu, in the Province o f Kiangfi, other Enfigns o f the Country. Above
which is brought to be Shipp’d here, fixty Men carry’d them by two arid two
But it mull be obferv’d, That the Clay the Cbinefe Drum beating nowand then,
is brought from another Place to Joacheu, In the inidffi o f this Company came the
after it has been there bury’d almoll an firfl; Mandarine, carry'd in an open Chair-
A ge in fubterraneous W ells, becaule o f by eight Men, and at the end o f the
the A ir and W ater of that Place for Proccffion came another o f greater Ac-
where the Clay is dug the W ork proves count in a cover’d Chair, carry’d by 0-
not fo fine. T h e Colouring we fee in ther eight Men. As they pafs’d theCoun-
the laid Pnrcellane is not Superficial, but try, People held In their Hands flaming
after being laid on is cover’d with the Sticks o f fweet Compo/itions, ffich as
fame tranfparent Matter. T h e Wind they burn in the Pagods o f the Idols
riling again before Noon, we went away call’d Xian, and kneeling, bow’d with
to Junki, a fmall Village on the left o f the their Foreheads down to the Ground in
R iver, where it fpreads a great breadth, token o f Refpedl. T o fay the Truth
leaving many Pools about it. Sunday 2d, the Cbmefes in Grandeur, and Civility
fetting out betimes, we went upon a fpa- exceed all other Nations, every one
cious Lake made by the R iver, where maintaining his Dignity with much Ex-
after fome Hours, we left the City N an- pence. Moll o f thefe Men here menti-
Hmtnfu. tanf H on £he j eft Hand, j c js feated at on’d are fix’d in thofe Employments
the foot o f the Mountains, and tho’ not continuing in the Cultom-Houfe, tho’
very large is enclos’d with a W all. The the Mandarine be chang’d, becaufe they
North Wind blowing again at Noon, are paid by the King. Thefe two M an-
we went affiore at the Guard and Village darines fate them down in a high Gallery
o f Siejian. The Voyage to Nanking is on the Brink o f the River. ° T h e firlt
troublefotne in this Seafon, for the Boats was at the end o f the Table, and the
do not make above eight Miles a Day. other at the fide. There were about
Monday 3d, having oblig’d the W ater- forty Boats to be vifited, which palling,
Men to fet out by force, the contrary one by one under the Gallery, were there
W ind oblig’d me to turn back with 20 view’d by the Gultom-Houfe Boat, and
other Boat?, In the mean while the Chi- the Officers in it gave the Mailer’s Name
nefes went about gathering round Peb- to thofe above, and the Mandarine T a x ’d
bles in the Sand, to make ufe o f in it by Eye according to its Bulk, without
Shooting, inltead o f Shot. any further Inquiry. Thole inferior Offi-
fuebeu, or Tuefday 4th, we fet out betimes, and cers o f the Cuftom-Houfe had a little
Xteheu. pafs’d by the Village o f Tacutan} a lit- Cloth before their Stomach, hanging a-
tle beyond which Place on a Rock, in bout the Neck, and ty'd to the Side, on
the middle o f the River is a high Pyra- which were four Cbinefe Charadters. The
mid, with a Pagod by it. A fter Noon Mailer o f my Boat, to the end he might
we came to Btcheu, or Xucheu, as others be T ax’d low , took down all the cover-
call it, where we were forced to flay, ing, leaving only the bare Body o f the
to have the Boat fearch’d by the M an- Boat, and covering the Boards that made
darine, or Cullomer. T his Tow n is on the Cabbin with Canes. The Cultomer
the right o f the River, in fhape like an here pays 100000 Leans, that is, 125000
A rm , Ihut up by the River and Moun- Pieces o f Eight for only a ten Months
tains for two Miles. It abounds in all Farm. The River being very deep be-
Things, has good Shops, and Streets well fore this Town, there is a great Filhery
pav’d, and is enclos’d by a W all, not manag’d by feveralcunningContrivances,
only towards the River and Mountains j There are Nets llretch’d out upon four
but on the outlide a Wall runs encom- crooked Staves, which they link, and
palling the top o f the Mountain, and draw up by a Poll fallned in the Ground,
taking in fome Miles o f craggy Ground In the midlt o f it is a W ei), that the
Vol. IV. Q. q Fill!

if

.301 I
■’rimn- •ir - - . ■ f
 ' /n
""06 A Voyage round the W O R LD .
Fifh once in may not get out, and being
Gem elli. large takes a great deal, for the Fifher-
i 9<5«. Man Sleeps in a Cottage clofe by, to
lofe no Tim e. W ith another fort o f
Nets they take a kind o f Fifh that weighs
above 200 Pounds. T h e Chinefa call it
Xuanyu. It is much Fatter than o u r 7 W -
ny Fifh, but hard. T h e Market is always
well ftor’d with this and other forts.
Having got our Difpatch from the
Cuftorner, my Boat alone, becaufe it was
em pty, fet out a little before Noon. W e
turn’d it up with the fame North-wind,
becaufe it was not there fo full againft
us, and the Rivei was wide enough, be-
caufe at Xucheu, the great R iver Kian
meets it, after having water’d the Pro-
vince o f Suchuen, and running near N an-
1&tig lofes it fe lf in the Sea. W e were
benighted at Xuanmatan, a fmall Place
feated in a bending o f the R iv er, where
there is a number o f Fifher-Men, who
lit turning a W heel, with which they
lo w er, and hoiffc a N et, which they call
Panyu •, from which they afterwards draw
the Fifh with great eafe with a Cord,
making it fall into the W ell, where
they find it A live at Night. T his is a
troublefome Journey to an European, who
is not us’d to Eat the Chinefe Rice half
boll’d, which among thofe People ferves
both for Bread and M eat; for they do
not make Bread of Corn, but only Su-
gar-Cakes and Vermicelli, which is the
reafon Corn is fo Cheap, that you may
Buy as much for three Carlines o f the
Mony o f Naples, which Is lefs than 18
Pence, as will ferve a Man a Month. I
caus’d Biskets to be made to ferve upon
m y Voyage, but fometimes I wanted,
and was forced to get my Servants to
make me Cakes, becaufe the Rice ftew’d
d ry, us is us’d there, without any fea-
foiling did not agree with my Stomach.
Xiem Thurfday tfth/w e pafs’d by the Tow n
o f X ien , feated at the foot o f high
Mountains, on the right o f the River.
T h e W all o f this Place alfo runs along
the tops o f the Mountains, as has been
faid o f the o th ers, which W all having
enclos’d it for a vaft diftance, ends near
the River. A Mile further, in the midft
o f the R iver is a high and craggy Rock,
on which ftands a Pagod call’d Sotcujlnan
to which all the Boats that pafs by burn
Perfumes, and Frankincenfe, and fome
colour’d Papers. A t N ight we took up
our Quarter* in the T o w n o f Tun-lyu-
<SL
Book I.
xien, on the right o f the R iver, which,
tbo’ open, lias a Wall hard by it two
Miles in compafs, and is a Place to re-
tire to, there being Loop-Holes about
it to make a Defence. Friday 7th, con-
tinuing our W ay by reafon o f the width
o f the R iver, we came foon. after Noon
to Xan-kmfu, a City on the left of the xmhnju.
R iver, a Mile in length, and half a Mile
in breadth. Its Suburb is two Miles in
length, and has good Houfes, and not
far from it is another little Suburb after
the manner o f a Village. W hatfoever
is Sold about the Streets, is known by
the Noife or Sound made without the
Sellers troubling him felf to C ry it. T h e
fame other Handicrafts do, every one o f
them founding a feveral Inftrument. For
Inftance, the Barbers carry about a whole
Shop on a Pole, hanging the Pan with
the Fire, and theBafon at one end, and
at the other a Stool to lit down, and the
other Neceflaries, and are known by
playing on a pair o f Tongs. So other
T rades in their feveral ways. A ll the
r d l o f the Day we ftay’d at Nankinfa ,
becaufe o f the Lake o f K ia m ji, which
the Boats inuft go over in good Weather,
Saturday 8th, we came to the Village o f
Jeuchiakem. Sunday 9th, proceeding a-
long between Banks well Peopled, we
left the T ow n o f Tukien on the right, ruiieti.
which is large enough, and has a good
Harbour made by a Bay in the R iver,
W e came late to Vxufl>icn, a great C ity, vxujbien.
on the right o f the R iv e r, with a good
Harbour, where the Cuftom-Houfe Offi-
cers fearch’d our Boat narrowly ; after
which we went a few Miles, and lay at
N ight under one o f the Banks o f the
R iver. Monday 10th, the Fine W ind
continuing Boifterous, we were oblig’d
to ftay at the Tow n ot Z aijjki. Setting
out early on Tucfday m h , we arriv’d
four Hours before Night in the great
Suburb o f Nanking. Here the Cuftom-
Houfe Officers fearch’d our Boat, but not
over ftrid ly. Having taken a C hair, I
went in it fome Miles to the Ploufe o f
Monfignior d'A rgoli, a Venetian, Bifhop o f
Nanking, by whcyn I was Courteoufly
receiv’d. T his Prelate is appointed by
the Congregation, de propaganda Fide,
with two other reform’d Franciscans,
which were F. Francis o f Lionejja, a Pro-
vince o f Abruzz,o, and F. Bafd, a Vtnt*
tian , who very Charitably ferv’d the
Chriftians.
C H A P .
//> — < V \ •

Pi <SL

Chap. VI il. Of C H I N A. ___ 307"

C H A P . V III.

The Defcription of the Imperial Citj of Nanking.

rsJV ^O T r ia m im , or Nanking, which in the Inhabitants than all the Kingdom o f

Cm dU. J V Chinef' Language fignifies the France. 1 deliver what was told rne by
1695. bowhernCourt, lies in 3 * Degrees and Perfons o f good Credit, bat will nbt
<3 Minutes o f North Latitude, feared oblige my lelf to aafwfcr for fo many
Nanking. por the molt part in a Plain. In the ume Millions. Let the Reader believe what
o f Mmkiou it was the Imperial Court, as he pleafes, for did not count them, but
Pekin? is at prefent under the 2 inchuu I have the Books o f all the Empire of
Tartar. M in and Chin is much the fame China, wherein every City of it is; count-
as Valois and Bourbon in France, and Chian, ed, fo that he who undei hands the I an-
fienifies Empire, or the time o f fuch a guage may eafily find out the T ru th ,
reigning Family, the Chinches placing the for if F. Bartch will have that Empn e to
Genitive Cafe firft 3 contrary to our way contain three hundred Millions of 1 eople,
o f fpeaking in Europe, for the Chinejes thofe mult be upon the Chineft Ground,
ufe to diftinguifh their Reigns by feve- and not m the A ir 3 and in Ihort the
ral Royal Families by the Names o f H ia- Villages cannot make up this Number,
me, Xam-cme, Keu-quc, & c. F. Luis nor is there any City iniCkma like Nan-
Lecomje makes Nanking to be 48 Miles king, (ov Peking is much left. It is herd
in Compafs, the Walls of it in his Opi- to be obferv’d in order to the Empire be-
nion looking more like the Borders of a ing fo Populous, that the Maxims of the
Province than the Boundaries o f a City 3 C h in ef differ from thofe of the
vet bv what I could conceive upon Obfer- ans 3 for there he that docs not Mai ry is
vation it cannot be above 36 Italian look’d upon as an lnconfideiab c bale Teiigmyk
Miles about, tho’ Monfignm d’ Argali Man, becaufe he does not raifehis_ Fa-
made it 4.0. The W alls that encompafs ther’s Seed and Family, but fuffers it to
it hive but a few Baftions and not above be loft 3 fo that if a Man has ten-Sons,
emht Spans or two Yards thick. W ith- they all Marry, and takeasmany V\ ives
in this Circumference there ar e Fields as they can keep, fome having no lefs
and Gardens. The Suburbs about the than an hundred, including Concubines*
Citv are not much lefs than it, including In China there are fcarce any Whores ro­
under the Name o f Nanking, befides the lerated, left they corrupt Youth, but
aforefaid Suburbs, another floating City any they find is feverly Punifliid, which
upon Boats in the Canals. Having ask’d makes all Men Marry. The Chmefcs go
the aforefaid Prelate concerning thenum- not out o f their own Country to People
be,- o f Inhabitants of that vaft City, he others 3 fo Vagabonds are counted In-
anfwer’d, that feveral Mandarines had famous, who omit to propagate their
told him there had been eight Millionsof Families, and pay a Duty to their de-
Doors or Houfes counted in order to ceas’d Progenitors, to whom they owe
pay the Taxes, and allowing but four their Being. The Air and Climate of
Souls to every Houfe, they would as China is excellent for Generation, and
that Prelate faid, make thirty two Miili- the Women very Fruitful, for I never
Vaftnum- 0nsofSouls3 which 1 thought incredible, faw any o f a convenient Age but had ^
berof ,n‘ and therefore believing it falfe, tho it couple o f Children by her, one in her
habitant5, came from the Mouth of an Apoftolick Belly, and another in her Anris 3 all the
Miffioner o f the reform’d Order o f S. Chinefe Women tiling their endeavours to
Francis and Bifhop of that fame City, be Fruitful, to be as much in the eftecfii
when I'came afterwards to Peking, 1 had o f the Mother in Law and Husband as
a mind to hear the Opinions of the Fa- the reft, for the Barren are no admit-
thers o f thac Court, and telling them ted to Table, but wait on them like Sci-
the vaft number of People that Prelate vants- . .
had fpoke of, F. O f no a Portaguefe an- All the Inhabitants o f Nanking are not Tartars ia
fwer a, I ought not to look upon it as a Chincfcs, for there are many Moors come Nanking,
Fable becaufe a French Father o f the So- out o f great 7 artary ( f. PhihpGnmaldi
ciety paffing through Nanking fome few alluring me there aic two Millions o f
Years before and being aftonifli’d at then! throughout all China) whoobferve
rh7 t infinite Multitude o f People faid, it as a Maxim, not to Marry their Daugli-
that the City and Suburbs toncail’d more « r s out o f their own ft.ee, fo that A ,.7
Vol. IV* 9

'• - i‘ t~»r 1 A1 J \ wt'V, ■ * *«•

..... ■ ...... _ . .■ ........

f/y — n\ \

111 <SL

~0g A Voyage round the W O R L D. Book I.

J ■V~~’—......................... ........................... ................................................... ................ — .................— ..................... — .... ................... .....................................«V

r \ ^ \ s r> multiply in all Farts o f the Empire like T h e City byreafon o f its Greatnefs is Govern*
Cemclli. Locults. The Royal Palace is within the under two Governours, to whom are iu- *»«K-
1695. Citadel, which is on the Eaft fide o f the bordinate hundreds of Mandarines, for
O V x J City, kept by-a Tartar Gairifou, which the Adroiniftration o f Juftice, belides o-
The Pa' buffers none to go into i t ; betides there thers who have no dependance on them,
ace' is nothing worth feeing left in the Pa- but only 011 the Emperor. A t Nanking
Excel)en- |ace. T h e streets o f this Imperial City refides a Suntit, who is in the nature o f a
cy of this are vvide enough and well Pav’d ; theC a- Vicar General over two Viceroys, and
Cl£i'' rials many and deep, the Houfes low and as many Provinces * but thefe have not
neat, the Shops rich and well iurniih’d the Power and Prerogative o f our Vice-
with all forts o f Silks, and other things toys ; for they cannot put any Body to
o f Value. In ihort this is as it were the Death without the Sentence be confirm’d
Center o f the Empire, where are to be from Court, tho they do it indirectly
found all Rarities and Curiofities o f the by Baitinadoing till Criminals dye o f it.
other Provinces. T here the m od fa- N o r is it in them to fend aG overnouror
mous Doftors and Mandarines when out Mandarine to any little City in their Pro­
o f Employment, come to fettle. Here are vince, which belongs only to the Empe-
the heft Bookfdler’s Shops and choiceil ror and his C ou rts; and they can only
Books in them, the fineft Prefs, the moil fend a Deputy, till fuch time as the Pro-
curious Workmen, the policed: Langu- prietor comes from Court. T o prevent
age ; in fhort, no City is fo convenient as much as polfible ail Extortion, Cor­
and worthy to be the Seat of Empire, ruption and Favour, the near Relations
were not the Prefence o f the Emperors o f great Minifters are not allow ’d to
neceflaryon the Frontiers tooppofe their converfe with thofe under their charge;
Enemies. This is the City for Silks, the and therefore the Smtst at this time kept
heft being made here that are fent a Nephew lock’d up in a Room like an
throughout the Empire and abroad, and Anchoret, without being fuffer’d to go
the Emperor himfelf is furnilh’d with all abroad, and giving him his Meat in at a
he wants for his numerous Court from W h e e l; it being forbid by the funda-
Nanking. In the Country there are vail mental Laws o f the Kingdom, for any
Fields o f white Mulberry T re e s; and Man to have a Command in his own Coun-
tho they be fniall their Leaves are large, try, or to have any Bofom Friends in
on which the Worms feed, which come the Province where he*is in Power,
to life in the Spring, and in 40 Days fi.- I lay at home ali Wednefday the 12th , Fm rifm s
nifh their Silk, all which is carry’d to being much tir’d after my journey. As at Nan-
be wrought at Nanking, by an infinite far as their religious Poverty w ill'allo w , *% •
number o f curious W orkmen, who live the Houfe and Church o f thofe Fathers
£..k upon this Trade. T here is aifo a great Milfioners are decently adorn’d. They
deal wrought in the Province o f Cheking, pafs to their Apartments through five lit-
but not fo good as that o f Nanking. Be- tie Galleries or Courts adorn’d in the
fldes the artificial Silk, the Natural and middle vyith pleafent Rows of Flow ers,
W ild is gather’d in thofe two Provinces fo r the ingenious Chinefes plant feverai
o f Nanking and Cheking, which is made Flowers along the Crannies between the
on the T rees by fome W orm s, and there Bricks that make the Flooring, which
the Balls found, tho’ no Body has look’d grow upas high as a Man, making fine
after them ; but this wild Silk is not fo flowery Hedges on both fides. T h ey
valuable or fme as that which is improv’d gro w up in 40 D a y s , and laft four
by A rt. I brought over Silks o f both Months. T h e Flowers are peculiar to
forts to fhew to curious Perfons. T h is that Country, and found no where eife,
valfc quantity of Silk draws a mighty One fort o f them is call’d Kiquon, which
T rade, and a vaft number o f Merchants has feverai Shapes, Colours and Arrange
from very remote Countries, who carry Form s, but very Beautiful, fome being
it away in Stuffs, not only to fell, but to o f a Cane colour, fome like a dry Rofe,
exchange for Musk and G old, particular- others Yellow, but foft as any Heft Silk,
ly in the Kingdom o f Lam a, where this Among thofe Crannies there grows an
Metal is moil plentiful; for tho’ the Herb, which tho’ it produce no Flower,
Chinefes have Gold Mines, they dare not is verypleafant to behold, the Leaves o f
dig under Ground for it, and only ga- it being in ftreaks, and painted by Na-
ther fome few Grains in the Rivers, mak- ture with a lively Y ello w , Red and
ing Trenches on the Banks, where fome- Green. T h e T ulips growing about
times they find a little brought down by thole Courts are bigger than ours in r a ­
the Floods from the Mountains . rope. Tuberofes are plentiful enough
and

3 !D ■ '- y
■ Goi V
x\
111
—<
Chap. V I II. Of C H I N ' A.
r ^ A ,'- and very fweet, being m ix’d with the
Gemelli. other Flowers in all the A llies; fo thac
1605. the Eyes and Smell are fufficiently enter-
G ' * W tain cl all the way to theApartment o f the '
Bifhop and Religious Men. The Church
is final), but beautiful. T hey have Ser-
van tsfor Convenieney, but not for E x-
travagancy. T h e Garden is pleafant e-
trough and well flor'd with Plants, Herbs
and T rees, for it has Vines, Peach,
A pple, Pomgranate, Cheftnuc, and a-
bundance o f black and white Fig-T rees
very well tailed, o f which I eat a great
quantity having been depriv'd o f them
two Y ears; for in China there are nei-
tber Grapes nor Figs, except only in the
Houfes o f the Fathers M ilfioners, the
Chinefes making little account o f them,
becaufe their other Fruits are more deli-
cious to them. In the fame Garden is
an Excellent Fifli Pond, where the Filh
live upon Herbs thrown in to them.
T h e Jefuits have a good Church at N an-
king, where at that time was a Sicilian
Father, and a Chinefe.
A vail 7 burfday the 1 3th, taking a Chair in
B ell. the Morning; I Went to fee two wonder-
ful Bells. One was in the Chinn-leu fal-
len to the Ground by its vaH weight, its
height 1 1 Foot, its Diameter feven in-
eluding the thicknefs, the outward Cir-
cumference 22 Foot, which contrafled
gradually to half the height, where ic
again extended. T h e thicknefs o f the
Metal was fix Inches and a half. T he
weight including that o f the Clapper, as
I was told, and believe to be true, 50000
Pounds, which is double that o f the fa-
mous Bell o f Erfort, which F. Kircher
calls the biggelt Bell in the W orld. They
told me it v?as very antient, and account-
ed firch three hundred Years before, and
that falling down there was never care
taken to replace it.
A stru- Near to the aforefaid Chien-len is a
ft u r e on Iquare Structure upon three great A r-
A rch e s, ches , on which (lands a Hall with fix
Doors to it. W ithin it is a black Stone
with an Inlcription (they call it Culen
and it was fupported by a large Beall) in
honour of the Emperor then Reigning,
erefled by the City in acknowledgment
for the Favours o f him receiv’d at two
times he pafs’d through it, 800000 Men
going out to meet him.
fiace of N ext * went 10 ^ee t*le ^ ace t*ie
Mathema-Mathematicians, where they made their
tical O b - Obfervatioiis, when the Emperors refi-
fervations. dence was at Nanking, before Tonlo re-
mov’d it to Peking. This Hands on a
high Hiil in the nature o f a G allery, or
Terrace upon Pillars. It is open on all
<SL
^
iides, and there are about it BaniHers,
and Seats o f Marble to difcover all the
C ity from that height ; the Cbinefes call
it Onanfintay. T here 1 faw another In-
fcription in honour o f th e 'E n p e to r, e-
refled the fecond time he went thither,
which was within a great Hall newly
Built after the falhion o f that Country,
It was Carv’d on a black Stone, with
Hieroglyphicks, not cut into the Stone
as is ufual among us, but rais’d above
the fuperficies o f it, which among them
is common in all their Stones. T h ey
told me the Emperor had given them
thofe Charafters with his own Hand to
be Carv’d there.
On this Hill Hood a Paged call’d Cum- kTagoL
mian, with two other little Pagods on the
fide o f the Court, and feveral very de-
form’d Idols. I went into the great one,
where I faw one with a.Face o f feveral
Colours like a M erry-A ndrew , which
they call’d Checoali. A t his back behind
the A ltar was another Idol, call’d Tauzn,
all G ilt, fitting w itha Club in his Hand,
a Grown on his Head, and with a Beard
and Whiskers. T here were two other
Idols very ugly and hideous to behold,
Upon another Hill adjoyningisaTem - Tempieof
pie o f religious M en; by them call’d Bonnes,
Xofchian, by us Bonz.es. They have a
good Garden and Grove. Going into a
final! Chappel here I faw an Idol call’d
Qaan-laa-ge fittin g, and with long
Whiskers. T he Chinefe recount fabu-
lous Stories o f this and the red. There
are befides two Colojfns’s Handing, one
with a Sword in his Hand, the other
with an Axe, their Bodies ftain’d all 0-
ver o f feveral Colours. Thefe they
call K in-kan , and molt o f the Paaods
have fuch Monflers in them. Having
gone a great way up the Mountain by
ltone Steps, the Bonz.cs came to meet
and offer me Chia, or the Herb Tea,
which I refus’d. Then they led me to
the Pagod, at the entrance whereof was
a Statue in the habit o f a Mandarine,
whom I judg’d to be fome remarkable
Man worlhip’d there by thofe blind Peo-
pie for his rare Qualities. Then going
to another Pagod I law a naked Idol o f a
Gold Colour, who they laid was Quoija^
behind whom was another fitting o f the
fame Colour, cover’d with a Garment
w N ce Silk, it had long W hiskers,
and was call’d Quoinfen. In the fame Pa- .
there is a Pyramid, with feveral Lan-
terns to be lighted upon Fellivals. T hey
Ihow’d hie a very large Brafs Bell hang-
ing, which was Rung by Hand with a
wooden Hammer cover’d with a Cloth.
Re-
S’
Ml
I©
^ ]0 A Voyage round the V / O R L D.
rv ^ Returning the fame way I came, i went to
HnnclH fee ano her Bell which *ay down in a G ar-
,« v d e a t h s tide half bury’d. Meafuriog
ty V N J the height 1found it 1 6 Spans or i 2 Foot
without-including the Ring, and a Span
thick. They fay it weighs 80000 Chi-
ntfe Cads (a Cats is 20 Ounces o f Europe)
and that when thefe Bells were Rung,
they could be heard many Miles off:
The Su- Friday the 14th, I w as'carry’d in a
barb. Chair fonie Miles about within the C ity,
and then went out at the Gate o f N an-
muen, (the Chinefes, as has been faid,
make lour principal Gates to all their
Cities, calling that which looks towards
the Eaft Tun, that on the W eft S i, that
on the South Nan, and that on the North
T c , the Gates are o f Iron, and ftrong,
and there are four at every Entrance,
one within another, the Structures about
them being a Musket-lhot in breadth.
N e x t, I went over the Canal and Arm
o f the R iver on a good Bridge, to go
into the Suburb to the T ow er and T em -
pie of Pattnghen-fu. Pan, in the Chinefe
Language (iguifiesGratitude, or Reward,
V I'-Comt Nghcn a Benefit, and Su a Tem ple-, be-
Ve'moirs caufe a great Chinefe Lord having aflified
of the the7V f<jr Emperor to Enter, and Poflefs
State of Lirnfelf o f the Kingdom, and afterwards
Chine, quitting the W orld, and turning Bonzo,
k w m * ' the Emperor Tonis'; -above 300 Years
& fiace Built that T ow er and Tem ple to
him us an Acknowledgment. Here are
tw o Gates to go in at to a great Court,
oppoiite to which is the firft Paged,
with as many Doors to it, aicending
fome Steps. Within it is the Statue o f
a Woman Handing, and on her lides four
C elo ffu .'call'd Kinkan, with Arms in their
Hands, painted o f feveral Colours hide-
ous to behold. On the upper part, or
high A ltar, was an Idol fitting with his
Foot on his Knee, and all his Body of a
Gold Colpur } behind whom was ano-
ther Idol of the fame Colour fitting too.
Going on to the fecond Court, and to
the third, 1 faw about them the Apart-
ments o f the Borizos, that ferve the Pa-
god, who are about a Thoufand, and
. L iv e on their Revenues On the left fide
o f the fecond Court, or Cloiftcr is ano-
ther Patoti, to which there is an Afcent
o f a few Steps. In it I law the Statues
o f two wounded W omen, Back to Back,
the innermoft Handing fomewhat higher,
o f a Gold Colour, with feveral little 1-
dols at their Feet, and about the Paged,
On the right Hand, fifteen Steps led up
to three Paoods, in which were many
Idols and Monfters, with Silk Curtins
before them. Going on further, at the
;v, ' IT-
<SL
Book l.
end d f the Court is the greater Pagod,
all cover’d w ith Purcellan o f feveral Co-
lours. They go up to it through a large
and fpacious Hall, above which is a Porch,
which has five Gates into the Tem ple,
H ere in Niches 12 Spans, or 3 Yards
above the Pavement on the Front o f the
high A ltar at a diftance from the W all,
are the Idols ot three Women o f Gold
Colour fitting, with feveral Infcripcions
before them, and Veflels o f Brafs o f a
great Value. About the W all is a great
number o f Idols a-foot and a horfeback.
Behind which Front is another Female
Idol Handing, and on one fide o f her a
D rum , which three Men could not Fa-
dotn, and on the other fide a great Brafs
Bell, which is ftrnck wjtfh a wooden
Hammer. In the firft Court a Play was
Afted by good Comedians, feveral Thou-
lands of .People reforting to fee it, who
all ftood. T here I ftaid a little, and
then went, on to fee the T o w er, after a won-
obtaining Leave o f the Bonzo, by pay- derful
ing a few Chiappas, a very inconfiderable Tower.
Value. It was all o f Purcellane both
within and without, Yellow, Green,
Blue, and oT other Colours, with the
Figures o f many feveral Idols. It is an
Oftogon, and about forty Foot about,
has nine Stories, or Apartments, div ided
on the outfide by as many Cornilhes cu-
riouily wrought, aud the T o p was co-
ver’d with Brafs, and a gilt Globe on it.
Every Story has four large W indows an-
fwering the four Quarters o f the W orld,
I went up two pair o f winding Stairs to
ih s firft Story, and proceeding from
thence to the uppermoft, counted 18 3
Steps o f a confiderable height, befides
five Steps more, that are without the
G ate, and there was above the height
o f thole Steps to the top o f the T ow er
from the Place where I was, fo that I
guefs’d it to be at leaft 200 Foot high,
T here were nine Stories, as has been
faid ■, and in the miclft o f each o f them
was a W ork like a Pilafter to fet feveral
Idols about it. A t the foot o f the T ow er
the Wall o f i t was twelve Foot thick,
and eight and a half above. The Stru-
(Sure is certainly Artificial and Strong,
and the molt llately in all the Eaft ■, all
the carv'd W ork being Guilt, fo that it
looks like Marble, or any other carv’d
Stone, the Chintfts being wonderful In-
genious at fhaping their Bricks in all forts
o f Figures, by reafon o f the finenefs o f
the well temper’d Clay. From the top
o f this T ow er (which the Otinefes call
o f Purcellane) is a Profped o f all the
C ity, and the famous Strudurc for Ma­
thematical
pot <SL
' Goi x

\% >--- As-y
XX^s^v^//

Chap. VIII. 0/ C H 1 N A, ~~
fV A ^ D thematical dbfervations, tho’ it is a know by tailing it with their Tongue.
Gtmeiiu League diftanr. As I was going out o f Nothing is more frequent on the R iver
1695. ^ e Tow er, I faw the Bongos going in than Boats loaded with that Filth, and
t t>”Y X » jProceflion on their Devotion. One went • i f a Man has the Misfortune to be catch’d
before with a fort o f Cope on his Shoul- among thofe Boats, he’s alraolt ftifl’d.
ders, next came another with a black Along the Roads there are convenient ^
Cap on his Head flat on the fidcs, and a Places whitened, with Seats, and cover’d,
Cbinefe Crown in his Hand. T h e Bonz.es to invite Paflengers to alight and Eafe
follow’d by two and two, ringing a lit- themfelvcs, there being a great Earthen
tie Bell with a Hammer, or a wooden Veil'd under it, that nothing may be
Inftrument, and Singing in a low Tone. loll. T h o ’ the Chinefes ufe this Method
They went into the lower part o f the to Manure their Land, which is offenfive
T o w er, and fetching two Rounds about to the Note, yet their Streets are not fo
it, ador’d the Idols that were in it. D irty as ours in Europe, by the continual
N ext, they went into the third Court, palling o f fo many Bealls ■, for there are
and into the Paged, which is in the midll no Swine to be feen about the Streets o f
o f their furthell Apartments, where the the City, or in the Fields, tho’ the Chi-
chief Idol is like a Bacchus, who fits, as ttefes devour a vail Number, 5 or 6000
i f he Laugh’d. There are other Pagods being Slaughter’d every Day in Nanking,
and Idols in that Place, which are not befides the Cows the Moors Eat, and the
here fet'dow n for fear o f cloying the Goats the Soldiers Eat. Private Perfons
Reader. furniih this mighty Shambles, for there
kmperor’s After Dinner, I went to fee the Tom b is no poor Body but what breeds Swine
Tomb. o f the firfl: Emperor o f the Family o f in his Houfe, or Boat, which he fells
Minciau. It is without the C ity on a when the time comes to pay the Tficn-
Mountain, guarded by Eunuchs, who lean, or Tribute to the Emperor, or up-
there lead a Religious Life. It confifts on any other Exigency ; the Flelh o f
o f a great Hall handfomly cover'd, with them being fo good, that it is given to
a Place like a Tribune or Gallery in it, the Sick. During all this time, Monfig-
where that Emperor’s Picture is kept nor £ Argoli, and the two Fathers his
lock’d up. T he Tom b is in a G rot dug. Companions endeavour’d toperluade me
in the Mountain, and the Entrance kept not to go to Peking, becaufe the Porta-
Ihut. Monfignior d’Argoli, the Bifhop told guefs Jefuits would nave no European look
me, That if I flay’d in Nanking till a into the State o f that Court, and i f I went *
Burying D ay, which the Aftrologers thither they would certainly dom e fome
pitch upon as fortunate for that Fun&ion, ill Office. I anfwer’d, I went not to pry
I Ihould fee feveral thoufand Tombs car- into the Affairs o f their Millions, but
ry’d i for the Chinefes do not only make only out of Curiofity to fee that great
them in their Life time o f ftrong W ood, Court, and therefore I fear’d nothing,
and half a Span thick, meafuring them- for I would go take up my Abode in the
felves in them to fee whether they can Convent o f thofe Fathers. A t length,
lie at Eafe, but after they are Dead, the perceiving they could not alter my Rc-
Bodies are kept, fome time in the Houfe folution, they took care to provide what
Ihut up in thofe Tombs, till the A flrolo- was neceflary for my Voyage. I might
gers appoint the Day for Burying them, have gone on by W ater within half a
Some delaying this mournful Office, for Days Journey o f Peking, but it is a great
want o f Means, it being perform’d with way about, wherefore all People T ra -
great Pomp and Coll. veiling from Nanking by Land, I refolv’d
Human He that goes along the Streets in N an- to do the lame. I Tent my Servant to
Dung fold. ought to keep his Nofe well flopp’d, the other fide o f the River Klan, to
for he’ll often meet with Porters carry- Hire the Horfcs we had need o f for Our
ing Tubs full o f Ordure to Manure their Journey to the Court who, with the
Orchards j for being in want o f the Dung Affiflance o f a Chrillian Chinefe chat went
o f Bealls, they are fain to make ufe o f with him, agreed for five Leans, and
Mans, which the Gardiners pay for ei- two Ziens, which is feven Pieces o f Eight
ther in Greens, Vinegar, or Mony 5 giv- and a half, each, and having given Ear­
ing a better Price for that which is come neft, return’d,
o f Flefh, than that o f Fite, which they

' C H A P .

.3*>
*
III ■ ■ M Hi 11

o l , '■ .'‘

j 12 A Voyage round the W O R L D. Book I.

CHAP. IX.
The Journey by la n d to the Imperial City of Peking.

H
Avins return'd the Bifhop and the we gave, or receiv d any thing, in g6-
Fathers his Companions Thanks in g in or out, in Drinking, and all other
. <0< for their kind Entertainment, I fet out A dion s, tho’ never fo Natural, ftill the
on Saturday i sth, after Dinner. It was Chinefe Ceremonial muft be obferv d ;
my good Fortune to have the Company ufing the word Z in , which among them
o f a Chrillian Chinefe D oftor, who had is the Touch-Stone o f all Civility j foi
taken his Degree to be a M andarine, i f any Perfon neglefts making ule ot it,
who wanted nothing but Mony, without he is counted Rude and Unmannerly,
which no Employments are given in Chi- T h e D odor at Night did fo much Im-
na His Father was a Prieft. W e went portune me, to make my two Servants
together out at the Gate 1 came in at, lit down at Table, that I condefcended
call’d Simuen, or W eft Gate, which is to it, rather than Difobhge him ; but I
not Inferior to that we have defcrib’d, was afterwards fenfibleof my E rror, for
having three Iron Gates, and a Strudure they growing Bolder with me on the ,
o f fixty Paces to them. Without it we Road, ferv’d me ill, as fhall be told in
took Boat, and paffing under the Bridge, its Place. .
which confifls o f many Arches, went on Sunday 1 5 th, before mounting a Horfe-
aiong the Channel about the W alls o f back we Eat fomething, and then going
the City Then we chang’d Boat, where out o f the Suburbs, expeded there for
a fcurvv Accident hapned to me, which the Com pany; and becaufe theMuletiers,
had. like to have flopp’d my Journey ; or Fellows that let the Mules and Hor-
which was my Servants forgetting, tho’ fes flay’d a while, a Tartar Soldierftruck
^ told o f it, a Boulfter o f Boards cover’d one o f them over the Face with his
K f / with Skins after the Chinefe manner, and W hip fo that he made the Blood gufh
chimjh. fhutting like a Trunk-Portmantue, call’d out. _W e T ra v e lld all D ay without
M cheu, in which 1 had laid up an Hun- drawing bit, over Hills, Mountains, and
. died Pieces o f E ig h t; the Chinefes ufing Plains well Inhabited, but the Houfes
thofe Things to lay their Heads on to were all fmall, but one. A t Night we
Sleep, and keep their W ritings. I be- lay in the T ow n o f Tanfaan. By the
thought my felf o f the Mifs o f it, when way we met a Crowd of Paflengers,
wrc were gone an hundred Paces in the and Caravans o f Mules and A lies, going
fccond B o at; but the Watermen of the to, and coming from the Court, and
firft were fo Honelt, that they Row ’d little Carts with one Wheel drawn by
after us, calling to us to take it. Being two Men, upon each o f which they lay
over the K ia n which is the greatefl R i- three or four Bales, which two Mules
ver in China, and is in that Place two could not carry fo long a Journey. M on-
M iles broad, and confiderably deep, we day 17th, fetting forwards again with
_, camc to the City of Fukeu, feated on the aforefaid Tartar Soldiers, we pafs d
S ty ! the left o f the R iver, two Hours before through the Town of Stuj-keu betimes. u
Y N ieht h iving T ra vell’d twelve Miles. 1 his Place is enclos d by a Wall o f feve-
T h e W all of this Place is ten Miles in ral Miles, and a Morafs. Then going
cotfipafs, enclofing Hills, Mountains, and up a Mountain, we found on it a Paged
Plains not Inhabited, for the City has o f Bonz.es. Thence going down a long
but few Houfes, the People liking better Defcent, we came to Dine at the T ow n
to Live in the Suburbs which are very o f Tachauteu, and having T ravelld fif-
lone;. W e lay in that o f Tien-chya, on teen Miles further, lay at Night in the
the°Bank of the R iver, where I fpent T ow n o f Taa-Jhianpu.
the Night m e r r i l y with the Chinefe D o- Tuefday 1 8th, we T ra velld thirty cheap
fior, drinking Wine made o f Rice, but Miles over the Plains, Din d at Quia- TraveL
fo hot that it Raided my L ip s; it being lempu and lay at Xuannm . T he hire Img.
the Cu(loin o f China to cat Meat cold, o f the Mules is Cheap, and the Expence
and drink Liquor hot. T he Dodtor’s at Inns is very fmall, for eight Run
Civilities over Civility was very Troublefom e; which make thirteen Grains and a half
for if the two Ivory Sticks were taken of Naples Mony will ferve any Man Night
up to Eat, a great many Ceremonies and Morning. They that will have Rice-
iDuffc be firft 1 erform’d. If we met, i f W ine, pay for it a-part, and it is drank
m
© '
---' n\ \
•vs^y''
/ ■'-
• C h a p ir
CkA S I in the Morning hot boil’d with R ice, fo
Gemdlu EatingandD rinkingaltogether.ltistrou-
169^. biefome at fir ft to an European to ufe him-
v/V N J fe lf to fuch D iet, and Chmefe fare, which
has no Subftance in it,but conlifts altoge-
ther in Porrege and Herbs. For they eat
the very Malworts which we ufe in Medi -
cines, and the worft o f it is, they will
have them half raw and cold, the Cook
knowing when they are ready by the
Smell. Yet they think all well d rell, for
they leave Fouls for Herbs , as my two
Servatus would do, when we could buy
a good Foul upon the Road, for three
Grains o f Naples Mony. But to me that
Chinefe Food was not at all grateful,and I
paid my Hoft for it, tho 1 eat none, lay-
ing in my Proviiion o f Gammons o f Ba-
con, Fouls, Ducks, and the like upon
Flefh days. Wednefday 19 th, we couti-
nu’dour journey over the Plains, where
one o f the Tartars left us about half w ay,
the other Raying with me and the Chi-
m fe D oftor, who both were verycou r-
teons to me. W e din’d at Linxuay-xitn,
a large T ow n , enclos’d with a W all, and
water’d by a Navigable R iver, which
makes many Pools about it, fo r the Chi-
nefes, like Ducks, love to live in W ater,
o r near it. T here is a Bridge o f Boats
over the R iver, and a good Suburb on the
other fide. T h at day we met a M anda-
tin t in a Chair with 13 Litters, in which
were his Women. T h e Chinefe Litters
are more convenient than thofe o f Europe,
each carry’d three Women at their eafe.
T h ey are carry’d by Mules, and AlTes.
Having travell’d 32 Miles, we lay at the
little T ow n o f Yaan-gian.
Thurfday 20th, having pafs’d the R i-
ver over a Stone Bridge, and T ra vell’d
a few Milesin a plain Country, we din’d
in the Tow n o f Cuchen, which is well
Peopled by reafon o f a River that runs
by and maintains its Trade. Herethere
is always a great number o f Hawks, car-
ryin g backwards and forwards, for the
Chinefss are as great Sports-men, as the
Perfians. Having T ra v e l’d 35 Miles, we
lay at Xuan-chian, where our Beds were
o f Cane, as they were all the Road, e-
very Mad carrying his own Quite with
him. Friday 2 1 ft, Travelling the fame
fort o f Plain and cultivated Land, we
came to dinner to the T ow n o f N m fu-
Chen -, where the Tartar, who was con-
tiuually beating the Muletiers, flruckone
o f them over the Face fo unmercifully,
that the other for fear fled to my apart-
menc , covering himfclf with Straw un-
der the Bed. I offer’ d him Foul to eat,
but he would not have it * being o f a
Vol. IV.
§§:
i||V ■v '
<SL
Of_CH I N A.
Seft that eats no Flefh. Thus the T a r-
tar ftop’d our going any further, ftay-
ing there the reft o f the day, after T ra -
veiling only 20 Miles. A bout this T ow n
i s , a W all three Miles in compafs, wa*
ter’d all round by the R iv er, yet the
place is but ill Peopl’d,except the Suburb,
which is well, inhabited. Saturday i l d ,
fctting out late we refted not at Noon,
but having travel’d 25 Miles, lay at the
little T ow n o f Senfan. Sunday 2 7 1 ^
Mounting before day, after r j Miles tra-
vel we din’d a t Tauskiany^ a fmall T ow n ,
and having T ra v e ll’d the fame number
of Miles, carneto Sucheu, the boundary
o f the Province o f Nanking, on that fide,
T h e T ow n is large, having a great and
rapid R iver that runs clofe by it, call’d
Xuanxo, or the yellow River, becaufe it al-
ways runs Troubled and Muddy. T h e
Suburbs which are along the Banks, are
much bigger and more Populous than \
the T ow n . T h e River is to be pafs’d
in a Boat, but by reafon o f its being fo
rapid, they are forced to run up a great
way, the Scream driving the Boat, twd
Musket Shots down, before it can come
to the Other fide. As I was coming out
o f the Boat I met F. Sifaro a M ilancft,
E le d Bilhop o f Nanking, who was go -
ing from _ Nanchianfu to Macao in' a
L itter, with only four o f his Servants,
to be Confecrated by that Bifhop. For
want ot Barly, the Cbimfet feed their
Bealls with black Kidney Beans boil’d:
the Country abounding in them, and
white ones, and thofe Creatures live
on them, as well as any other P rovea-
der.
Mondy 3.4th, wc fetout four hours be-
fore day, palling early over a large R i-
ver on a Stone Bridge, and having T ra ­
veil’d 20 Miles, din’d at N uzarr, going
out from which place, I faw m anyCoun-
try-men, who carrying a Net, lik e a P a -
viliion, fa lined to four crook’d Staves
upon their backs, went about the Fields
catching o f Quails, which as they fly a-
bout are catch’d, the N et being carry’d
low. T hen we pafs’d the R iver in a
Boat at Vnchiankyai, where the other
Tartar left us to get before us to Peking.
T h e Chincfes here are hardy to endure
Cold, and tho’ it be very /harp in the
Morning, they fet out early to get into
their Inn three hours before N ig h t} fo
that mounting on Tuefday 25th, 2 hours
before Day, we din’d at Linchien, and ha-
ving travelled 35 Miles, lay at Sciaxotitn.
By way o f Refrelhment the Hoft here
nfually has a Pan o f hot water ready, in
which fometimes he has b oil’d Kidney
Rr BeanS|
|C ■ y'
Ip
3T4 A Voyage round the W O R 17 D.
r v A / l Beans, and ocher Pulfe, for Paflengers to
Cernelli. wafh them and drink of, when they have
16 9 5. no Tea, or are not able to buy it, where-
as in the hotteft weather, and Dog-days,
they never drink, or wafh in cold W a-
ter, admiring at the Europeans who ufe
it. No Rice grows in thofe Parts, be-
caufe o f the coldnefs o f the Climate,
(which 1 had felt for lome time, tho’ I
wore a furr Garment, Breeches quilted
with Cotton, and furr Hole with the
Hair inwards) which defeft they fupply
with W heat, making Bread m ix’d with
Onions chopp’d very frnall, which they
Bake in the fteani, placing fticks acrofs
a Kettle that is boiling, to lay the L o af
on, which remains as meer Dough as it
w asat firft, and lyes as hard as a Stone
on the Stomach. Ocher Holts give
their Gueits thin Cakes o f Dough boil’d,
to eat. T o make forae amends for the
want o f Rice, they ufe their Taufu, which
is boil’d, a Mefs of Kidney Beans, which
with him is a dainty, for this wretched
Sauce they ufe to diptheir Meat in. T h ey
make it o f white Kidney Beans pound-
ed, and made intoa Pafte, the North a-
bounding in them y they alfo make it o f
W heat, and other Ingredients.
Wednefday 26th, we eat a bit betimes
at Kiay-xoy-, and about Evening went out
through the frnall T o w n o f Zuxien,
which has a Wall about it. In the Su-
burb is a large fquare Stru&ure, and
within it leveral Pagods with Boonz.es.
T h e Idols are of fo many Monftrous
lhapes, that it would be tedious to re-
late the Fables they tell o f them. T h ere
is a good Garden with tall Trees. A t
Night we came to the T ow n o f Tuntan-
tien, having travell’d 30 days. I count
by Miles, and not by Lys, as the Chine-
fes do, to obfervethe better method j for
in fome Provinces thofe are o f 260 Pa-
ces, and in others m ore,or lefs. Thurf-
day 27th, early, we pafs’d through the
frnhiefa C ity Jenkiefu, o f the Province of Xan-
City. it is feated in a Plain like all the
reit, for the Chinefes do not build on
Hills. T h e W alls extend four Miles
fquare, and there is a noble Stone Bridge
W e din’d in the frnall T ow n o f Cauxio,
and lay after 30 Miles travel, in the Sub-
nrb o f the T ow n o f Uu en -fin an-jiuen.
T h e T o w n is not w ell peopled within
the W allswhich are 3 Miles about, there
being Gardens and Fields within them.
Friday 28th, we refted in the Suburb o f
the Tow n o f Tun-pin-kieuy and palling
through, found it a Mile and a half in
length, and a Mile in breadth, but there
arc many Fields and ruin’d Houfes in it j
5(6
§L
Book I
the reft are o f Brick , and Thatch’d,
T h e W alls are o f Earth. Having rode
30 Miles, we lay that Night at Kkuxien
a final! Tow n. Saturday 29th, about
break o f D a y , we went through the
T ow n o f Tungofhia, encompafs’d with a
long Mud W all, but ill peopled. T hen
we crofs’d the River Tungo in a Boat,
the Bridge being broke, and din’d at
Tun-cheny. T hat Night we took up at
Sbipinxien, having rode 34 Miles. T here
being no Mountains all this way, to bury
the dead on, the Chinefes Plant fquare
fpots o f Cyprus or other T rees in the
Plain, and place the Tom b in the midft,
covering them wich heaps o f Earth. A t
N ight there is a Centinel in theInn,con-
tinually ftriking two pieces o f W ood,
one againft another for a lign, which
makes T ravellers not lleep very found,
Sunday 30th, we din’d in the T ow n o f
Sintien; and then palling through that o f
Cautanceu, which has a Mud W all, and
is thinly inhabited, we came at Night to
Jau-cbiaen, after a Journey o f 30 Miles,
Monday 3 1 ft, betimes we pafs’d through
the T o w n o f Ghinxiana, enclos’d with
a large W all, and ill inhabited. Before
Noon we din’d in the T ow n o f Cuflnpo.
N ext we came to that call’d Fatbits which
by reafon o f the conveniency o f th e R i-
ver, is well peopled within a W all 3
Miles in compafs, and better in its Sub-
urbs, where there are good handlbme o-
pen places, and Shops ftor’d with all foi cs
o f Commodities o f the C ountry, and
Provilions. W e there crofs’d the R iver
in a Boat, which isfeldom paid for, the
W atermen being kept by the City. A t
this R iver begins the Province o f Peking,
A fcera Journey o f 34 Miles, we lodg'd
at Night in the T ow n o f Liucbi-miau.
In this Journey I found A lies, who when
they have gone their Stage, will not ftir
a ftep further, tho’ you beat them to
D eaths juft as thofe o f Salerno in Na~
pies.
Tuefday i l l o f November, an hour af-
ter Sun-rifing, we pafs’d through the
T o w n o f Kmcheu, encompafs’d with a
Mud W all, in which there is nothing
handlbme but a T ow er, there being be-
fides only a few Cottages, and as few In-
habitants. W e din’d at Leochimiau y
then we faw the T ow n o f Fucbenkiey
which like the laft, has mud W alls and
Houles, and is worfe than Kinchieu. Ha-
ving travel’d 33 Miles, we lay at Night
in Fuchiany, where over the Gate was a
little Chappie dedicated to the Idol, that
is Prote&or o f the C ity, which the Chi-
nefes ufe in all their other Towns. Wed­
nefday
. / .
|||
<,x------ ^
Chap. IX.
fS -A ^ n , riefday i d , early in the Morning, we
Gcmelli. pafs’d a Stone Bridge laid over the R i-
16 9 5. ver o f the Tow n o f Shiale-cheva. N e x t
U W J we law the T ow n o f Shienghena, with a
Mud W all, badly Inhabited. A fter that,
the Bridge being down, we pafs’d over
the rapid R iver o f Tangaxia in a Boat,
and din’d in that o f Shiankclin. T hen
we fee forwards for the C ity o f Xoklcnfu,
which has but a few Houfes in two
S treets; all the reft being Fields and
Ruins. It makes a Square o f 4 Miles a-
b o u t; but only the N orth fide is Brick,
the reft being Earth thrown up. G o -
Idolatrous “ § out that c i t )b 1 raet a P«*oceffion
Procef- o f Idolaters. F irft went feveral Flags,
fion. carry’d by Men and W om en, on which
there w ere painted Dragons, Panthers,
and Bafilisks. T w o K ettle D rum s were
beaten by two Boys, and then a T ru tn -
pet was founded in a doleful T o n e,
by a Man. T w o other Men carry’d a
Monfter fitting in a Chair, and then came
\ a great Bier, carry’d by feveral People,
within, and about which there w ere a-
bundance o f little Idols o f Chalk, fome
fitting, fome Handing, in frightful F i-
gures. But in the middle fate tw o,
which foem’d to be the prime Idols. A
M ailer o f Mufick went before, with a
Paper in his Hand, as it w e r e to fe t the
T u n e , or keep T im e to the Multi-
tude that follow ’d the Bier. A ll the
Country-men that it knelt to, paid it R e-
fp e d , but the N obility and better fort,
make noaccountof thofc things, anden-
ter the Pagods, as they would a Stable,
having little Faith in a future State. T h e
Inns here ought to be the heft, as being
near the Court, and yet they are the
w orft, for eight D ays Journey round
about it, becaufe the Chintfes refilling to
increafe the allowance for a N ights En-
tertainm ent, Supper and altogeth er,
being 40 lie n s, that is, 13 Grains o f N a -
pies Mony, bating one third, the Holts
give them Herbs, and Porrege, becaufe
here Provifions are d e a r; and tho’ a Man
would pay more fo r better Chear, it is
not to be had, fo r the reafon aforefaid,
but he muft provide abroad. A fter tra-
veiling 32 Miles, we came at N ight to
RcJhilipH.
Thurfday 3d, w e Din’d in the T o w n
o f Cynchyeuxitn, and then pafs’d through
that o f Mauchiu, enclos’d in part with
a Mud W all, and ill Inhabited. A bout
it are Lakes and Moraffes. Having T r a -
v e il’d above eight Miles among them to
Lodge at N ight in the Suburb o f the
T o w n o f X im xien, before I got in I
met with a Funeral, the Body carry’d in
V o l. IV .
§L
~0fC H I N A
a Coffin on a B ier by leyeral Bearers,
with feveral Banners, or Flags o f painc-
ed Paper, and founding Inlh uments be-
fore it. T h e Tow n is two Miles in com-
pafs, but is thin o f Inhabitants, T h e
Suburb is good, and a R iv e r runs thro’
it. T he Country W om en o f the P ro-
viace o f Peking, have a lingular fo rt 6 f
Head-Drefs different from all o th e rs;
for they wind their Hair tw illed toge-
ther, or made into W reaths about the
Pole o f their Heads, which they cover
with a Cap made o f black Silk, o r o f
Cotton, running a Bodkin through to
hold it fall. Others make a great Knot
o f it on the top o f their Heads, and
cover it with a thing made like a Difo, o f
Silk and G o ld ; to which fome add a
Binding, or Fillet three Fingers broad o f
Silk and G old about the Head like a
Forehead-Cloath. T h e (harp Chintfes fuf-
fer nothing to be loft, for theCountry-
men before D ay walk up and down the
Road with two Baskets on a Stall; one
before, and the other behind them, ga-
thering the Dung o f Beafts to Manure
their Ground. Others with Rakes made
o f crooked Sticks gather the Straws and
Leaves for the Fire, becaufe W ood is
there very dear. Our D ays Journey was
32 Miles. Friday 4th, we went along
the R iver o f X im xien, to D ine at the
T ow n o f Pecuxo, which is well Inbabit-
ed, becaufe o f the Conveniency o f the
faid R iver. A t N ight we came to the
Suburb o f the T ow n o f Sm kinxien. T h e
W alls o f it which are o f Brick are two
Miles in compafs, the Place w ell Inha-
bited, as are the Suburbs, which are
provided with all Necefiaries. Our whole
D ays Journey was thirty Miles. Saturday ,
5th, we faw the T o w n o f Chiockeu, which
tho’ cncompafs’d by a Mud W a ll is'Po-
pulous, as are the Suburbs. A fte r paf-
fing over a long wooden Bridge, and
tw o others o f Stone, we came to Dine
at the T o w n o f Liolixoa. Afterwards
we fet out for the T ow n o f Lcan-xicn-
x ie, which has good Brick W alls, a
Mile in length, and went thence to that
o f C hian-fa-gbit*, after T ravellin g 3a
Miles. This laft D ays Journey but one,
was Troublefoihe, by reafon o f the mul-
titude o f Carts, Camels, and Affcs g o ­
ing to, and coming from Peking., info-
much that it was hard to get by them,
Here there are Guards upon the Road as
every Mile or tw o, who throw up a
little heap o f Earth in the Road, and
upon it 3 Cottage o f Mud, where they
watch at N ight for the fecurity o f Tra-*
vcllers. Sunday <5'ch, after c© ailing a*
k r i long
ill
t(t)|
■ G° i x
^ {^ *"” ^ Voyage round the W O r TL O.
Ci7 o f ' 4 VC‘U h a 7 in ? r p e S two’ Months and ele-
t Wf v S ^ the ourney from the D ay
I fe t » t f 3 having T ra veil’d
C H
T he D eJcription o f the City o f P e k in g ,
W e n t to alight at the Houfe o f the
I r±,rm t. which is in the Tartar C ity ,
make my fe lf known to F. Philip G ri-
m aldi, Provincial, and the Em peror’s
" d e n t for the M ath em atics, that by
his means I might fee what was m olt
rem arkable at Court. He receiv’d me
v e ry Courteoufly, expreffing a Concern
that he could not entertain me in the
M onaftery till he had acquainted the E m -
n ero r who would be inform ’d o f all
\nrop\ans that came into Peking, faying,
T t a f ifa n y w ere conceal'd, a/d th eE m -
L v o v fhould after come to know o f it,
he would be highly D ifpleas’d , becaufe
he imagin’d that all Europeans w ere P e r-
fons capable o f doing him great Service.
BefidesF that there being at that tim e,
tw o o f his Pages in the Houfe, who
learn ’d Mufick o f F. Pereira, after the
European manner, it would be hard to
Conceal mv coming from him, becaufe
thofe Pages were Spies, who told the
Em peror all they faw, and therefore they
hadPL iv ’d under much R eftraint fo r tw o
Y e a rs thofe Lads had been in the Houfe.
F. G rim aldi, and all the Portuguese F a -
thers could not but admire at my com-
i ! ® tn f o u r t faving, T h e y adm ir’d,
w h o had advis’d me to come to Peking,
w h ith er no European may come without
b eing fent for by the Em peror. I an-
f w e f d, T h at the fame L ib erty I took
to so to the Courts o f the Grand Sig-
nior the K in g o f Perf a , and the M ogul,
brought me to that o f Peking, thofe Mo-
narchs being no lefs pow erful or jealous
than the Em peror o f China. F. G rim aldi
anfw er’d, T h e Politicks o f that K in g -
dom differ’d from thofe o f others, and
after a lo n g Debate, not only with F.
G rim aldi, but w ith the Fathers Pereira,
OfTorio and Antony Thomas, I took my
1
Leave* telling them did not defire to
fee Forts or any thing elfe that might
5 j f e ° " t e a t o o J T i a the they
w ilted upon me out o f Doors, caufmg
their Servants to wait upon me to my
Lodging, which was taken for me in the
ChineFeC itv.
Xunticn , or Peking is in the Latitude
<SL
Book i.
to b a n k in g , the counting from
C t a m to * t i g 5400 ot thoie U js ,
each of which is 2S0 Paces.
A P. X.
and o f the Im perial Palace.
o f 40 D egrees, and 14 4 o f Longitude, PeUngde-
feated in a fpacious Plain, and divided fcribd.
into tw o C ities, the one call d theiT a r -
tar., the other the Cknefe. T h e firft is
Square, every fide being three Italian
M iles 111 length, with nine Gates. T h is
C ity is Inhabited by T artars, and their
Forces divided into eight B rig ad es; and
by the Em peror s Servants and A tte n -
dants about his Perfon, or belcmgmg to
his Courts and Councils, all Officers C i-
v il and M ilitary being there. T h e Chi-
nefe C ity (Bn It f,nee the oth er, to con-
tain the M ultitude o f Inhabitants,) is o f
the fame bignefs, as the T a r t a r C ity ,
being four Leagues in com pafs, but its
Form is not like the other, becaufe the
N o rth and South tides are fliortcr than
the Eaft and W e ft, fo that it is narrow^
eft from South to N orth, which fide joyns
to the T artar C it y ,f r o in which « “
vided only by a W all. _ It has ieven
G a ^ s , which together With the nine o f
the old C ity , make m all fixteen G ates
Peking has, each o f which has its Su-
burb running out in length, and it is fe-
veil Spanijh Leagues, or 2 1 M iles in corn- ;
pafs. T h e Suburbs are w ell Inhabited, ,
efpecially that which runs tow ards the
W e ft, through which all that comes by
Land panes. » VT ,
T h e great Streets run froffi N orth to streets,
South, and the reft fiom Eaft to W e f t ,
they are all Strait, long, w id e, and weft
proportion ’d. T h e little Streets he Eaft
and W e ft, and divide all the great
Streets into equal Portions, or Q uarters,
A ll o f them have their particular Nam es,
as The King s K indred Street, The Whit*
Tower-Street, The Lions, The f / y - f f r -
The A quavit a -Street, and fo the reft,
T h e re is a Book fold there containing the
N am es and Situation o f a ll the Streets,
which is bought by all Servants who at-
tend M andarines to their Vifits, and the
Courts, and who catty P r e fe r s Letters
Meflages, or Orders to fcveral Parts of
the C ity, and Empire, and they are ve-
ry numerous in all Parts whence came
the Proverb fo much in ufe among the
Cbincfcs, that the Provinces fu r n ifli^ t
%
111 •
Chap. X O/CHINA.
j\ A / l ling with Mandarines, and in E x-
Gcrnelli. change fupplies them with Lackeys and
i 5 p$. Courriers, or Letter-Carriers ; and in-
C '- 'W deed it is rare to fee a Mandarine that
is a Native o f Peking. T h e fm efto fall
the Streets is that they call Skian-gan-
h a i, that is, the Street o f perpecual
R e f t ; it lies Ealt and W eft, the North
fide o f it being the Palace W a ll, and
the South feveral Palaces o f great Men
and Courts. It is above 13 0 Foot wide,
and fo Famous, • that the Learned Men
in their W ritings make ufe o f its Name
to fignify the C ity, taking a part for the
whole, and it is the fame thing to lay a
Man is in the Street o f eternal R eft, or
Jloufes. t0 % *ie *s *a E eking. T h e Houfes are
low , and tho’ the great Men ha ve large
and ftately Palaces, they are Ihut up
backwards, and nothing appears out-
wards, but a great G ate, with Houfes
on both fides Inhabited by the Servants,
Tradefm en, or Mechanicks, Y et this
' Chinefe way o f Building is beneficial to
the Publick, becaufe every thing is fold
at the Door, whether to Eat, for Con-
veniency, or Pleafure, whereas in E h-
rope a great part o f the City is taken up
with Noblemens Houfes, which obliges
thofe that are to Buy any thing to go a
great way for it. Befides, in China all
Things to Eat are carry’d about the
Streets to fell.
Multitude T h e Multitude o f People here is lo
of People, great, that I dare not name it, nor can
I tell how to make the Reader conceive
NbyeUe. jt (■[ ufe the very W ords o f E Gabriel
chine cap. Magalhaens) for all the Streets both o f
17- fng. theold and new C ity, are full o f Peo-
278. pie> as Well the little ones as the great,
de Magnit. aS wCp t[10fe aC the ends o f the Tow n as
Sl”‘s'/fic thoie in the middle, and there is fo
ly l ’ great a I hrong in all Parts, as cannot
be parallel’d but by the Fairs and Pro-
cefilons in Europe. I f we will give Credit
to F. Grimaldi, a Religious Man adorn’d
with all manner o f Goodnefs and Virtue,
who, for his great Meric, holds the firft
Place in the Emperor’s Efteem, I w ill
then declare, T h at asking him concern-
ing the Number o f the Inhabitants o f
peking, to latisfy my Curiolity, he an-
fw er d me, T h at both the Cities, with
the fixteen Suburbs, and Dwellings in
Boats, made the number o f fixteen M il-
lions. Let the Reader believe what he
pleafes, for I do not Defign to make
this good ; but I can fafely affirm, this
worthy Father is not a Man that would
L ie, and that he knows this Matter bet-
ter than any other, becaufe he has L iv ’d
thirty Years at that Court, and knows
. an
3 -9
*SL
517
both the T srta r and Chinefe Languages,
and their Caftoms to Perfection, as much
as the Natives, and Diicourfes every
D ay familiarly with the Emperor, Be-
fides, if we w ill believe F. Bartoli, who
will have it that there are 300 Millions
o f Souls in that Kingdom (adding an
hundred Millions to the Computation o f
the other Fathers o f his Society) it muft
follow o f necelfity, that the great Cities
muft make up that incredible Number,
becaufe the finall Places, tho’ never fo
many, cannot pofiibly contain a confide-
rable part o f that Multitude, there be-
ing feveral Cities thin enough o f Peo-
pie, and many Places unhabited, as w e
fee in Europe.
T h e Emperor’s Palace is feated in the The Em*
midft o f that great C ity fronting the pcror'sPa*
South, as is the Cuftom o f that Coun- lace*
try, where it is rare to fee any C ity,
Palace, or Houfe o f a confiderable Pcr-
fon bur. what faces the South. It is en-
clos’d by a double W all, one within an-
other, and Square. T hat without is
fixteen Spans, Or twelve Foot high, and
is o f Brick ; its length from the North
to the South Gate, is two Italian Miles,
its Breadth, a Mile, and its Circumfc-
rence fix T h is W all has four Gates,
one in the middle o f every W all, and
each o f thefe is compos’d o f three feve-
ra l Gates, whereof the middlemoft is
always Ihut, and never open’d but for
the Emperor, the others are for all Peo-
pie that go in and out o f the Palace,
and Hand open from Morning till N ight,
except thole on the South fide, which
Hand half Ihut. Thefe are guarded by
twenty Tartars each, with a Comman-
der, and twelve Eunuchs; there being
3000 Soldiers appointed to guard the
Gates of the Palace and C ity, who keep
Guard in their T u rn s, and keep out
Bonus, Blind, Lame, and mairi’d People,
and all that have any lingular Deformity
in their Bodies. T his firft Enclofure is
call’d Xuan-cbin, that is, The Imperial
Wad. T h e inner W all, which immedi-
ately enclofes the Palace, is much higher
and thicker, made o f large Bricks all e-
qu al; and adorn’d with handfome Bat-
dements. It is an Italian Mile and a
half in length from North to South, and
a quarter and a half in breadth, that is,
four Miles and a half about. It has four
great arch’d Gates. Thofe on the N orth .
and South fides are treble, as are all thofe
o f the firft W all, but thofe on the other
two fides are fingle. Over thefe Gates,
and the four Angles o f the W all are
eight T ow ers, or rather eight Halls o f
fI)|
318 A Voyage round the W O R L D .
C \ jy \ an extraordinary bignels, and beautiful
Cem elli. Sttu&ure, fee off with a red Varnilh
1695. ftrew’d with Flowers of Gold, and they
‘y y ^ J are cover’d with yellow Tiles. Forty
T a r t a r s with two Officers Guard the En-
trance of each of thefe Gates, fufftring
none to go in, but the M a n d a r in e s or
the Courts, who Live within the Palace,
and the Officers of the King’s Houfe-
iiold ; flopping all others, who cannot
fhew them a little Tablet of Wood, or
Ivory, On which his Name, and the
P l a c e he is to Serve are fet down, with
the M a n d a r i n e 's Seal, to whom he be-
longs.
This fecond way is encompafs’d by a
deep and broad Ditch, all lin’d with
Freeftone, full of good large Fifh. T o
every Gate there is a Draw-Bridge over
the Ditch, except that on the South,
Within the great Square between the
two Walls, there are diftinft Palaces,
Round and Square, Built for feveral L1-
fes, and Purpofes, being Large and Con-
venient. Within the fame Space on the
Eaft fide, at the Foot of the firft W all,
runs a River, with feveral ftrong Bridges
over it, all of Marble, except the mid-
dle Arch, where is a Wooden Draw-
Bridge, all the other Bridges in the Pa-
lace being Built after the fame manner,
On the Weft fide, where there is a larg-
er fpace, is a Pond well ftor’d withFiffi,
above an Italian Mile in length, over the
narroweft part whereof is a fair Bridge,
at each end whereof is a Triumphal
Arch of a beautiful and excellent Stru-
Aure. The remaining fpace on the Eaft
and Weft which is not taken up with
thofe feveral Palaces, nor the Pond, is
divided into wide Streets, Inhabited by
Servants, Officers, and Work-men be-
longing to the Imperial Palace.
In the time of the C h in efe Kings there
were ten Thoufand Eunuchs, but he that
now Reigns hasfupply’d their Place with
T a r t a r s and C hin efes o f the Province of
L e a o t u n g ., who out of a particular Fa-
vour are look’d upon as T a r t a r s . Thus
much for what concerns the outward part
of the Palace, we mult now fpeak o f
what is within.
M In the firft Place it is to be obferv’d,
c e cwweftThat the Houfes in Peking are not like
Houfes. ours, high, and with feveral Stories; but
the feveral Apartments of a Palace are
one within another, with feveral Courts,
all upon a Floor, and to all of them there
is but one Door from the Street, fo that
as we for our Dwelling take up much of
the Air, fo do they more of the Earth.
Forinftance, the firft Gate of a Palace
!
<SL
Book L
to the Street, and facing the South, has
within the Court feveral little Houfes
on both fides, which lead into another
Court, through another Gate, oppofite
to that which is to the Street, where is
the fecond Apartment, which runs on to
the third, and that is larger, ending in
a large Hall to Entertain Strangers. Next
is the fourth Apartment where the Ma-
fler of the Houfe Refides, and behind
that another Court, and fifth Apartment,
where the Jewels and beft Moveables are
kept. Further on Hill is a Garden, and
at the end of it the fixth and laft Apart-
ment, with a fmall Door in the middle
of it. On the Eaft and Weft fides of
thefe Courts are the inferior Lodgings.
The Servants with their Women and
Children Live in that which is next to
the firft Gate; the other Courts are for
the better fort of Officers, and Offices,
This is the manner of the Houfes of the
Mandarines, and other wealthy People ;
but thofe of great Lords of the firft
Rank, take up more Ground, and have
larger Apartments, and loftier, anfwer-
able to their Dignity ; all theft Things
being regulated by the Laws of theKing-
dom, which it is a Crime to Infringe.
_ The Imperial Apartments within this jmper;aj y
inner Enclofure, call’d C h ia n , fome will Apart-
have it to be Twenty, affigning them merits.
their particular Names, and Situation ;
others fay they are Twelve, anfwerable
to the Signs of the Z o d ia c k ; and there
are thofe that believe them to be Nine,
with as many Courts; every one Writ-
ing by Hear-fay, and not by what he has
feen ; for it is impoffible for any E a r o -
p a n to fee them all, efpecially that of
the Women ; thofe only being allow’d
to be feen, which the Jealoufy of the
Eaftern Nations has made free for fuch
as receive Audience. I could Defcribe n eU t.iu P .
them by what another hath deliver’d, lAagulhens
but I refer the curious Reader to him, l8*
not to tire him with Tranfcribing the
fame Relation. I fhall only fay, That
all thefe Courts and Apartments are up-
on a Line, with great Halls of a Gothick
Strufture, wherein the Timber-work is
beautiful enough to behold, a great num-
her of pieces of Wrought-work advan­
cing one above another in the nature of
Cornifhes, which looks very handfome
above the Rim of the Roof. The fides
ot the Courts are clos’d either by fmall
Lodgings, or Galleries. But when a
Man comes to the Emperor’s Apartments,
the Arches fuftain’d on mafiy Pillars, the
Steps of white Marble to go up to the
high Rooms; the Roofs Ihining with
gilt
 chip. i. Of C H I N A *
fS^/s^n gilc Tiles ; the Ornaments of Carving,
Gem elli. Varnilhing, Gilding, and Painting; the
1695. Pavements, which are almoft all of Mar-
i/'V'Vi ble, or Purcellane; and above all, the
great number of various and ftately
Lodgings, which compofe the Structure;
are altogether certainly beautiful, and_
admirable, and look like the Palace of
a great Prince. The French Fathers told
*' me, That no lefs than two Millions of
Pieces of Eight would Re-build a Hall
that had been Burn’d. ’Tis true, the
Architefturc and Ornaments are not ve-
ry Regular, and here is not the Symmetry
and beauty of the European Palaces.
Emperor’s It is hard to know the number of Con-
Concu- cubines there are in this Palace for the
bints. Emperor’s Pleafure, becaufe it is very
great, and not fix’d ; belides that they
are never feen. They are chofen Maids
o f good Birth by the Mandarines of the
Provinces; and being once in the Palace
have no more Communication with their
Parents. Their neceflary and continual
Solitude (for moft of them are not
known by the Prince,) the Pains they
take to make themfelves known, and the
Jealoufy reigning among them, make
*---------- ---------------------- 1------------------------------------- ----------- 1-------------------- —
A Voyage round the World by D r. John
Francis Gemelli Careri. P art IY.
Containing the moft R emarkable Things he law in
C H
. } /
~ B O O
C H A P .
The Preferring o f the new Kjlendar ; the Audience given the Author by the
Emperor o f China; and Ceremonies us'd by the Mandarines upon publick
Occafions.
Servant of F. Grimaldi (whom the
A chinefes call M U -lavijel) came to
Acquaint me that his Mafter ex-
peated me, and going immediately I
found him Clad in a rich Garment lin’d
with Sables, given him by the Emperor.
He told me that Morning was a proper
time to go with him into the Palace,
becaufe he was to prefent the Emperor
the new Kalendar for the Year 1695,
y»i
319
them very Miferable. Three of thofe
that have the good Luck to pleafe the
Prince, are chofen to bear tlie Title of
Queens, and Live after a different man-
ner from the reft, each of them having
a feveral Apartment, and a numeious
Court. They want fot nothing that may
pleafe them. Their Equipage, Cloiths,
and Attendance are very Magnificent.
Yet they have no fhare in the Govera-
ment, the C h ln efes Laughing when they r . M a ga ,
hear that Princeffes among us inherit p- 308.
Crowns, and faying E u ro p e is the King- '
dom of the Women. Tliefe are accouu-
ted Wives, fo that all their Sons are Le-
gitimate, only with this difference, that
thofe of the firft are preferable to the
others, as to the Succelfion to the Em-
pire.
Within the inner Palace there is a
Park enclos’d with a Wall, where wild
Beafts are kept for the Emperor’s Diver-
lion. In it there are five lictle Hills,
indifferent high, made of the Earth ta-
ken out to make the Ditch and Pond,
That in the middle is higheft, and tliefe
are the only Hills in the City of Pe-
k in g .
I N A .
K IL "
I.
which he had compos’d in the Chinefe,
the Tartar, the Eaflern, and Weftern
Language. Having thank’d him for re­
membring me, and for the Prefent he
made me of an Almanack, I mounted a
Horfeback, and follow’d him. Having
pafs’d the firft Enclofure, in which is
the Houfe of the French J e fu it s , we en-
tred the inner Palace through a great
Gate guarded by Soldiers, and crofting a
great
\

^26 A Voyage round the
rs jv ^ v great Court, 011 the fides whereof were
Gemelli. Lanes of Souldiers welt dad in good
3695. Order we went up to the firft Hall, on
u 'V V one of the fides, upon 20 Steps of white
Marble and into it through the fide Door,
becaufe only the Emperor goes up the
Steps, and in at the middle Door, which
are Larger and more Stately.
T h is Room was very large, fo that
tJtsofche befides the Walls, itwasfnpported with-
P a la c e / in by fome Wooden Pillars, well Paint-
ed and Gilt, as was the Ceding. 'The
Walls were of Brick and white Plaftcr,
the outward Roof was of Purcellane of
feverai Colours. This led to the fecond
Court through three other front Gates,
and two on the 1ides, where on both
Hands there were Hoafes, very beauti-
ful to behold. Then was there an afcent
to another Hall like the firft, and from
that, through other Courts to the third
and fourth, this laft exceeding the 0-
thers in Scrudure and Coft. Before we
come into the Court of this fourth Hall,
F. Grimaldi carrying the Almanack hand-
fomely put up in a Casket cover’d with
Silk, attended by feverai Mandarines,
and Perfons of Quality, a Perfon fent
by the Emperor to receive it, came to
meet him, and having taken it with great
Refpedand Civility, carry’d it in to his
JMalfcer.
F. Grimaldi taking leave of the Man-
M arines that had bore him Company, told
me, that to the end the Fathers might
not Softer by my coming, it was Con-
venient the Emperor fhould fee me, that
fo when he came afterwards to know it
by means of the two Pages, he might
not be difpleas’d •, as had hapned before,
on Account that lie was not told of a
Father of the Society, who came Sick to
fe lin e to be Cur’d. Therefore he bid
rae Wait, and he would Introduce me to
His Majefty, teaching me in the mean
while the Ceremonies I was to Perform,
In Fine after an Hours flay, a Servant
came to bid us Advance* fo we pafs’d
through four long Courts, hemm’d in
with Apartments, and Lodgings of fe-
veral Struftures, furpafting the laft
Square Hall, Built upon the Gates of
Communication. The Gates through
which we pafs’d, out of one Court into
another, were of a wonderful Bignefs,
Wide, High, and well Proportion’d,
made of White Marble, whereof Time
had worn away the Smoothnefs and
Beauty. One of thefe Courts was di-
vided by a fmall Stream of Water, over
which are litle Bridges of white Mar-
ble. Iu fhort the Beauty of this Palace
3 ) V
Ziz,zz . ft
<SL
r \
W C)R L L). Book 11.
confilh in a Multitude of Buildings, #
Courts, and Gardens, Orderly placed,
where to fay the Truth, every thing is
worth obferving and wonderful. The
Emperor’s Throne was in the midft of a Xhe Em.
great Courc. It afeended Square, the peror’s
firft Balls being of an extraordinary big- Throne,
tiefs, and all henim’d in with Banifters of
wbice and very fine Marble. Above the
firft Landing Place or Plain, which had
fuch another row of Banifters about it*
was a fecond in the fame manner, but
fomewhat lefs in compafs, and fo it grew
lefs to the 5th Afcent or Plain, where
was an admirable open Room or Galle-
ry cover’d with Gilc Tiles, and fupport-
cd by ftrong Wooden Pillars Varnilh’d.
In this Place was the Emperor’s Throne,
Thofe five Orders of Banifters look’d
mighty Beautiful to my Eye, efpecially
at that time when the Sun Shining on
them, they reflefted its R&ys all about,
The Emperor was within that Beauti- How he
ful Chamoer or Gallery, fitting after fate.
the Tartar manner, on a S o f a , or Floor
rais’d above the reft of the Room three
Foot, and cover’d with a large Carpet,
which reach'd over all the Pavement,
He had by him Books, Ink, and Pencils
after the Chinefe manner, to write. His
Garment was of Gold colour Silk, Em-
broider’d with Dragons, two whereof
very large were on his Breaft richly
Wrought. On his Right and Left, were f-
ranks of Eunuchs well clad-, and with- madl™ “
out any Weapons, their Feet clofe to- him.
gether, and their Arms hanging,
When we came to the Door, we ran
haftily to the t?nd of the Room that was
oppolite to the Emperor, and ftanding
both together, continu’d on our Feet a
Moment, holding our Arms right down
by our fides. At laft kneeling, and life­
ing up our Hands, join’d to our Heads,
fo that oup Arms and Elbows were of an
equal height, we bow’d three times down
to the Ground, then rifing, we fet our
felves in the fame Pofture, as at firft,
and perform’d the fame Ceremony, a
fecond, and a third time, till we Were
order’d to advance, and kneel down
before the Emperor: By means of F.
Grimaldi, he ask’d me concerning the
Wars then carry’d on in E u r o p e , and I
anfwer’d to the beft of my Knowledge.
Then he ask’d me whether I was a Phi-
fitian, or underftood Surgery* and un-
derftanding that was not w y Profeftion,
ask’d a third time, whether 1had ftudied
Mathematicks, or underftood them. T o
which I anfwer’d in the Negative, tho’
in my Younger Years I had got fome lit­
tle
... J
 ■ e° 5 x

C®
/ V 'x '— \ V \

' <SL
■%

Chap. I. O / C H I N A. 321 ’
.------ -------— "“ " " ‘ *-------------- -——■**"v*y
r s ^ V / ) tic fm attering in them. For I had been days, and they are fo plentiful at that
Getmlli. forew arn’d by the F a th ers, that i f I time, that a Buck, or a Boar may be
16 9 5 . own’d I underftood any o f thofe A r ts , bought for a Piece o f 8, and a Pheufam;
o r Sciences, he would keep me in his fo r a half R o yal, and a P artridge for tw o
Service, and [had no Mind to fla y there. G rains o f Naples Mony. From M arch
A t length he gave us our C on ge, and we till the beginning of, Ju n e is a perfect
retir’d without any Cerem ony. Spring at Peking with little R ain , but
D , . He was in the 4 3d Y ear o f his A g e , in June and Ju ly , till the io t h o f Auguft,
tion of the and the 35th o f his Reign 3 he is call'd, the Rains are plentiful. T h is R ain is
Emperor. C am -H i, that i s , The Peaceable. His necelTary to walh the Streets o f all the
Stature is proportionable, his Counte- mighty Filth that gathers in them, fo r
nance C om ely, his Eyes Sparkling, and grave Perfons are not afham’d to eafe
fomew hat larg er than general ly bisCoun- themfelves in Publick Places. B y rea-
trym en have them 3 fom ewhat Hawk- fon o f this great Cold, all the W om en
nos’d, and a little round at the Point 3 wear C oifs and Caps on their Heads,
he has fome marks o f the finall P o x, yet whether they go in Chairs or a-H orfe-
they do not all lelfen the Beauty o f his back 3 and they have reafon to do fo ,
Countenance. fo r 1 could fcarce endure the W eather,
Tuefday 8th, I went in a C hair, which tho’ I w ore feveral Furrs. T h e w orlt
is dear in Peking, to fee the C ity to- thing here is the want o f W ood 3 and
wards the Eaft quarter, and found every therefore they burn a fort o f M ineral,
where very Beautiful, Publick places, dug out o f the neighbouring Mountains,
and rich Shops. 1 went into the Tartar like, the Englijh Ssa C oal, which are
C ity , through the G atecall’d Z ien Muen, Noilbm e to warm ones fe lf by, and tbere-
which is in the midlt o f the W a ll that fore they only ufe them in the Kitchin to
parts the tw o Cicies3 the lame M arcus drefs vid u als, chooling rather to be w ith-
Folus fpeaks o f, and which looks towards out fire in their Chambers, and nuni’d
the K in g’s Apartments,and the greatG ate w ith Cold.
leading to them. And as the great G ate M y arriva l at Peking, gave the Je fu -
o f the Im perial Apartm ents is never o - its the fame Jealoufy, perfuading them-
pen’d, but when the Em peror goes out, felves like thofe o f Canton, that I was
fo neither is this which anfwers to it in fent by the Pope, to enquire underhand
the C ity W a ll open’d, but only the o - into all that had hapned in China, on
ther three are for the Service o f the account o f the Conteft between them and
Publick. T h e re is a moll: beautiful row the Vicars A poltolick 3 and this the
o f Banifters before the G ate o f the Im- more becaufe I was come to Court w ith-
perial Palace, which enclofes a fpecious out the Em perors leave, and without
Porch. their Know ledge.
T h e C old is very lharp in Peking, and Wcdnefday 9th, I went in a Chair to
tho’ I be not very tender, y e t i could the French Jefn its, who live within the 1 ft
not go out till it was late, w hentheSun enclofure o f the Imperial Palace. As
had gather'd Strengtlr, fo r tho’ it be in I came in at th eg rcatG ate, I faw a Mill-
4 0 D egrees wanting five Minutes o f L a- titude o f Porters, hanging blew C loth
titude, it is exceflive cold 3 F. Grim aldi to clofe in the little Allies oppolite to
Climate a(fufio g me that it is not colder in F t- the long C ou rt, and broad W ay that
fh WtP - ^ie L atitU(^e ° f 5 ° D egrees, he leads to the inner W all, caufing it to be
i j w 3 1 having had experience o f both Places, well fw ept and clear’d. A skin g why ch-m r£
T h is fharpnefs in Peking proceeds from they did fo , I was told, that it being the Ladies vi-
the nearnefs o f the high Mountains, Birth day o f the Em prefs, D ow ager to fitingthe
which divide the G reat Tartary, from the F a th e ro f him now R eign ing, all the Emgrefs,
China, yet the hardeft W eath er is not Ladies o f the C ity came to Compliment
at the time when I was there, but in J a - her, and therefore all the Paths that led
unary, the W in ter beginning in N ovem - to the C ou rt were enclos’d, that they
her, and continuing till the middle o f might not be feen, and the way was a-
M arch without any Rain at all. D uring d o m ’d asisu fu al when the Em peror goes
which time b y means o f the great Froffc abroad. In Ihort having been m erry
there are brought out o f the Eaftern T a r- with the French Fathers, as I return’d,
tary, infinite number o f Pheafants, P ar- I law a number of fine Calafhes, cover’d
tridges, D eer, W ild Boars, and other with Damask, and other Stuffs o f Silk
Bealls, with abundance o f Sturgeon, all and G o ld , in which the Ladies came,
fo Frozen, that the Bealls w ill keep 2 The. Fathers told me the Cerem ony was
or 3 Months, and the Pheafants thirty perform ’d after this manner. T h e E m -
y * V o l. IV . s s prefs
 ' G<W\ • . 1
III '
o22 A Voyage round the W O R L D.
rx_ /^ nrcfs aforefaid, late on a high Throne,
Gtmelli and the Emperor went firft with all her
i <Sn <{. sons to begin the Ceremony, bowing
L /^ rsJ "down his Head, as he knelt nine times
to the Ground. N ext came his W ives,
and Concubines to do the fame •, next the
Princes, and Prince lies o f the Blood, and
the great Ladies, and Mandarines o f the
Court. This day the Emprefs invites
the Emperor to dinner, and all that are
there ; the Emperor eating on a T ab le
by him felf on his Throne. This I deli-
ver uponhearfay, beqaufe it is not to be
fecn, ‘
All the Princes and Mandarines, who
iv totbe are at Court, are oblig’d to perform the
' Emperor fame Ceremony on the i f , 15th , and
Uncertain 25th day o f every Moon-, about 5000
days- o f them meeting in the Lodgings, Cham-
bers and Halls, which are on the fides o f
the Court, before the South Gate. T h ey
are all richly dad, but after feveral man-
ners according to their Quality, known
by the feveral Beafls and Birds embroi-
der'd on their Garments. About break
of D ay, the Emperor lets out from the
eleventh Apartment, where he ufually
relides, and is brought in a Chair by 12
Eunuchs into the Hall,where he feats him-
felf on a rich Throne rais’d in the mid-
die o f it. Then an Eunuch kneels be-
fare the Door and fays Fold ; that is, let
the Heaven difeharge its Thunder ; and
prefently the Bell Rings, and the K ettle
Drums, and great Drum o f the Palace
are beaten, and Trumpets and other In-
ftruments founded, all the Gates being
open’d at the fame time, except thofe
in the middle. W hilft the noife conti-
nues, they all range themfelves on both
fides v that is, thofe o f the Blood R o y-
al, and the learned Mandarines on the
Eaft fide; and the Lords who fire not
o f the Blood Royal, and Mandarines o f
the A rm y, on the W eft fide. Then go-
ingon in this order, two and two, they
pais through the letter Gates, which are
on the fides o f the greater ; then going
up the fteps, every one takes his Poll
according to his Q uality, before the
great Hail in places affign’d to every one
of the nine Orders o f Mandarines, which
are w rit upon finall Pillars. Being thus
orderly rang’d on the two fides o f the
Court, facing one another, the noife o f
the Inftruments ceafes, and all is very
huftit; the Cotais or Genfors carefully at-
tending, that the Function may be du-
fy perform'd and every Man do his Du-
ty. Then the Mailer o f the Ceremonies,
who kneels in the middle of the Stairs
of the great Hall, fpeaks to the Em pe-
Book L
to r to this efteft. Moft high and pow-
erful Ptince, our Sovereign L o id , all
the Princes of the Blood, and Great Lords
all the Learned and Military Mandarines
are here now ready to pay the Duty they
owe you. Then Handing up he goes to
the Eaft: fide, and lifting up his Voice a-
gain, fays to them, ¥ d -fm , that is, or-
der your felves, andummediately every
one fettles his Garment, and compotes
his Perfon. Then he again fays, Shiven-
din, that is, turn your (elves, and they
turn towards the Imperial Hall. Then
he bids them kneel down, and fays Ken-
ten, that is, touch the Ground with your
H eads; andfothey continue, till he fays,
K ilai, that is rife. N ext he fays, Ye,
that is, bow your Arm s, joining the
H ands, and lifting them above the
Plead, then lower them to the Knee,
W hich done, he fays, as you were at
firft, for the monafyliable Tc alone, fig*
nifies this fort of Obcifancc. Having
perform’d this Ceremony three times,
they all kneel, and then he cries Kea-teu,
touch the Ground with your Heads,
Tfai-keu-teu, touch it a fecond time#
Tea-ken-tm, touch the third time. T hey
the tw o firft times they do it, fay in a
low Voice Van-fri, that is, tea thoufand
years ; but the third time they fay Fan­
fm , Fan-fm , tea thoufand Years, tea
thoufand thoufands o f Years ; for tea
thoufand Years is the Emperor's Name.
T h is Ceremony being perform’d, the
M ailer o f the Ceremonies fays again,
K ilai, rife; Slsievenxin, turn your felves,
and they turn to one another. A t fall he
fays to them, Qttiefan, place your felves
in order, and they return to their places
in rank and file. Then he kneels again,
and with the fame refped fays, Shiaeypi,
that is, moft Powerful Lord, the Cere-
monies o f this Submiffion due to you are
perform ’d. Then all the Inftruments
found again, and the King comes down
from his Throne, and returns to his A-
partment. The great Men and Manda-
rim s withdraw-, and at the middle Gate,
take offthe Garments o f Ceremony, they
had put on when they came to the Palace,
which differ from their ordinary A pparel,
and are much richer; but muft not be yel-
low , which by the Chinefes is counted
the King of Colours, becaufe like the
colour o f Gold, which is the K in g of
M etals; and therefore they fay that on-
5y belongs to the Emperor, who appears
in that Habit in Publick with abundance
o f Dragons embroider’d on it. Some-
times the Emperor excufes the M an-
darines who are bufy about the 1m-
' portanf
ICffj
^j,*,.'' 1J jjj |g . ' ■ ' , *. * , . , . • ' ■ \ M

Chap. II. Of C H T n T ...~yA f

r v X - n portant Affairs o f the Kingdom from to the City, they looking upon it as a
Gemelli. this troublefome Ceremony. very bad Omen.
1 ^ 95 - Thurfday ioth, I went in a Chair to T h e manner o f the W edding is almoft A. Wed-
view another part of the C ity, where like that o f the Funeral, as to the In- ding*
AFuneral. j fon,ctj,ing Curious, for there was ftruments that Sound. Several Perfons
publick Mourning, and Rejoycing along go before a-Foot and a-Horfeback with
one and the lame Street, a Wedding, Colours, and Banners, according to the
and a Funeral happening to pafs by at Bridegroom’s Quality. Then comes the
the lame time. The Funeral was thus. • Bride in a clofe Chair or Calalh adorn’d
F irlt went the Colours and Banners o f with Fringes, or Laces and Silk Embroi-
Silk, and colour’d Paper, the Statues o f dery in great State, but /he cannot be
the Dead, Horfes, and Monfters carry’d feerl.
by feveral People in good Order. Others I went out at the Gate o f the Chinefe
beat a Brafs Drum, and the Bonnes Brafs C ity, and went a League about the W all,
Plates, Bells, and other Inltruments, af- to fee whether it differ’d from the Walls
ter whom was carry’d the Corps in a o f the other Cities o f China, and found
Coffin on a Bier cover’d with white Cloth, it to be o f the fame fort, being in a
T he Male Kindred went before the Corps great meafure made o f Brick, with a
W eeping, the Women follow’d in very w et Ditch about it forty Foot wide, the
fmall Calaffies, all Clad in W hite, that W all it felf twenty Foot thick, and
being the Colour for Mourning in China, Rampard afeer the manner o f our ftrong
and the neighbouring Kingdoms o f Co- Places in Europe. The Curtins are de-
chinchina. and 7 'unkin. But this is when fended by large fquare Towers about a
any one Dies in the City, that the Ob- Bow-lhot diftant from one another •, but
fequies being perform’d there, he is car- the Towers o f the new City arc fee
r y ’d to be Bury’d-, but i f he Dies out thinner, and the Walls are weaker, and
o f ic, o f whatever Degree or Quality not fo high,
he be, it is not allow’d to bring him ia-

C H A P. II.
A Jbort Journey to fee the great Wall of China, and a Defeription o f it.

B
Eing fo near to that fo famous W all,
I had the Curiofity to fee it, and
therefore went upon Friday i ith , to the
French Fathers to provide for my Jour-
ney. They told me it would be dange-
rous to go where the Palfage was guard-
ed, becaufe the Guards would be jealous
of a Foreigner i but that I might go to
that part next the Mountains where there
were no Soldiers. They were fo kind
as to find one to bear me Company the
next Day, and fo I return’d Home. On
Saturday 12th, I fet out a-Horfeback be-
times, and Travell’d that Day 35 Miles,
lying at Night in a Country-Houfe. Sun-
day 13th , having T ravell’d twenty Miles
oi Mountain way, we came to the foot
o f the Mountain, along which the Wall
runs, and there being no going to it a-
Horfeback, I was forced to alight, and
go four Miles a-Foot with much T rou-
ble, being guided by the Fellow that
hir’d the Horfes, my Servant Haying
with them.
ckimfe T h e Wall in fome Places is fifteen
Wall. Foot high, in others twenty ^ but in the
Valliesit is much higher and thicker, for
fix Horfes may eafily go a-Breaft on it.
Vol. IV.
T h e Stru&ure is all o f large burnt Bricks,
and few Stones, and at certain diftances
there are Strong fquare Towers, about
tw o Bow-lhot from one another, which
continue all the length o f the W all to
the Sea. W here thePafles o f the Coun-
try are eafleft, and moll expos’d, there
are feveral W orks Handing thick toge-
ther, as Ravelins, and Baftions, to fe-
cure them. T his wonderful W all be-
gins in the Province o f Kiamfi, and runs
to the Eaft Sea, and above half a League
into it, becaufe o f its ffiallownefs; lo
that it is judg’d to be 405 Spanijh Leagues
in length, taken in a ftreight Line, and
500 as the Building winds along Val-
leys and Mountains. There are abun-
dance o f little Doors and Stairs for the
multitude o f Soldiers that Guard the
T ow ers, for the fafecy of the Kingdom,
to go up to them,
Almoft all China being parted from
Tartary by the Mountains, which run
between them, the great Wall is rais’d
lefs on the Mountains, and more in the
Valleys, as Need requires ; yet not fo
as to be every where upon a Level, as
forne would make us believe; it being
Sf 2 im-

. * . ■ .

• ✓

jr r S .
f®
^24 ^Voyage round the WORLD. Book11.
r s lA ^ > impoffible to raife it to that height in
Gemelli. the deep Valleys, as to equal the bigheft
1595. Mountains. So that when that Wall is
fc/V'Vi faid to be prodigioufty high, the mean-
ing is no other, but that it is Built up**
on very high Places; for o f it felf it is
not fo high as the Walls o f their Cities,
/ nor is it of an equal breadth in all Parts,
Y Almod all .the Stru&ure, as has been
paid, is of Brick, fo well Built that it
does not only Laft, but looks New, af*
ter feveral Ages, as if it were New, c.t-
cept only fome few Ruins, which the
Tartars do not mind to Repair. It is a-
bove 1800 Years fince the Emperor X i-
baam-ti caus’d it to be Built againft the
Incurftons of the Tartars. This was one
o f the greateft, and mod extravagant
W orks that ever was undertaken. In
Prudence the Chinefes fhould have fecur’d
the moll dangerous Fades : But what I
thought mod Ridiculous, was to fee the
W all run up to the top of a vaft high
C H A P .
How the Emperor o f China Appears in Publick,
N IVednefday 16th, I was in F. Pe-
Country-
O retro’s Apartment, when Order
was brought him from the Palace, to
Houfe, go fix the Clock of the Country-Houfe,
becaufe the Emperor was to go thither
very food, where he Diverts himfelf
half the Year. It is call’d, Sbim-Scim -
T u tn ; r«w , figaifying a Garden, $ tim 7
always, and Shian, Spring, that is, T he
Garden where there is continual Spring,
It confifts of fine little Houfes, feparated
fr om one another, like thofe of our C ar-
thujians, with Gardens and Fountains af-
ter the Chinefe manner. Thurfday 17th,
the French Fathers told me the Emperor
would go the next Day to his Country-
Houfe, and 1 might fee the maimer o f
it from their Houfe, or any Place near
it, and accordingly on Friday t 8th, 1 was
conduced by a Servant o f theirs to fee
that Majeftick Proceflion, which began
an Hour after Sun-riling.
The Em- Firft march’d about 2000 Soldiers and
peror go- Servants, after whom follow’d about
ing A- twenty Women in clofeCalalhes. N ext,
broad. came the King attended by the Princes
o f the Blood, and M andarines. He was
a-Horfeback, plainly Clad in a Garment
of Gold Colour, embroider’d with Dra-
gons all over, but more particularly on
the Bread, where were two very large
ones. On his M aitfa or Tartap Gap was
a rich Jewel.
•
<SL
and deep Mountain, where the Birds
would hardly Build, much Jefs the T a r-
tar HorfeClimb, to break into theCoun-
try. And if they conceited thofe People
could make their way climbing the Clifts
and Rocks, it was certainly a great Fol-
ly to believe their Fury Could be ftop’ti
by fo low ti Wall. 1 Was afkmifh’d to
confider they fhoukl have fiich excellent
Workmen, to draw tip fo many Materi-
als for Building, and make ufe of them;
which could not be done without a n i l
Charge and Labour, and in a confident-
ble fpace o f Time. It is reported, That
under the Chinefe Emperors, this Wall
was guarded by a Million o f Soldiers;
at prefene the Emperor being Sovereign
o f a great part o f 7 artary, he only keeps
good Garrifons on the weakeft Fades.
Monday 14th, I return’d the fame way
1 came, and was at Peking on Tucfday
1 5th, before N ight
Ill,
Sometimes the Emperor goes abroad
in a Chair carry’d by 32 Men, whocon-
trivc it fo Ingenioufly, that all equally
bear a part of the Burden. Befidcs four
others, who fupport the Chair on every
fide. 1 thought'this pnblick Appearance
very Stately ; and believe it will be ac-
ceptable to the Reader, to Defcribe in
this Place a more folema manner o f go-
ing Abroad o f the Emperor o f China7
when he goes to Sacrifice, or perform
fome other publick Function, attended
by feveral Thonfimds, and therefore the
Draught of it is here Inferted.
1. Firfl go 24 Men with great Drums
in two Files, Twelve and Twelve,
z. 24 Trumpets, Twelve on a fide,
Thefe are made o f a Wood they call
Vtum-xny which is o f great value in
China. They are above three Foot
long, and almoft a Span Diameter at
the Mouth, ihap’d like a Bell. They
are adorn’d with Rims o f Gold, and
fuit with the Noife o f the Drums,
3. 24 Staves, Twelve on each fide, a-
bout eight Spans, or two Yards long,
curioufly wrought with red Varnifh,
and adorn’d with Leaves of Gold,
4. too Halberds, fifty on a fide, the V
Iron o f them like a Crelcent.
5. 100 Maces of gilt Wood, fifty on
each fide, as long as a Spear.
6. T w o
Cl| <SL
~ChapTV- fCH
O 1 N A._3 £5
r r r r T v v o Royal Lances, call’d C^», co- tfj. io oo M en , 500 on each fide, call’d
Gemelli ver’d with red Varnilh, and gilt at Hiao-gut, that is, foot Soldiers, Glad
, the ends. 111 Red, embroider d with Flow ers,
7.400 greatLanthornscurioufly wrought, and Stars o f G old and Silver, and
and richly adorn’d. Caps adorn d with long Feathers.
8. 400 Torches well wrought, and made 18. Eight Standards o f eight feveral Co-
o f a fort o f W ood, which keeps long l°« rs, as Yellow, Blue, W hite, & c.
lighted, and fhines bright. denoting the eight Generals ot the
o T w en ty Lances adorn’d below the ■ Empire, one being call d General ot
Spear, Lome with Silk Fringes o f fe- the yellow Standard, another o f the
veral Colours, and others with the Blue, & c. and every one o f them
T ails o f Panthers, and other Beafts. Commands 100000 Men.
10. 24 Colours, on which the Signs o f 19. T h e Emperor carry’d in an open
the Zodiack are painted, which the Chair, as was Laid before, by 32 Men,
Chinefes divide into 24 Parts, as we and fupported by four others on the
do into Tw elve. fides- . , . ,
n «5 Colours, on which are the 56 20. T h e Princes o f the Blood, petty
Conflellations, to which the Chinefes Kings, and a great number o f Lords, .
reduce all the Stars. richly Clad, in File according to their
12 . 200 great Fans upon long Staves, Quality,
gilt and painted with feveral Figures, 2 1 . Servants to the aforefaid petty Kings
as Dragons, Birds, the Sun, & c. and Princes o f the Blood.
, 4 Umbrelloes richly adorn’d, 1 2 22. T h e 2000 Learned and Military
on each fide. Mandarines richly Glad.
14 Eight forts o f Utenfils the Emperor 23. A great Coach drawn by 8 Horfes.
commonly makes ufe of, as the T o w e l, 24. T w o {lately Chariots, each drawn
G old Bafon and Ew re, and others. by two great Elephants.
15 . 500 Gentlemen belonging to the 25. Tartar Soldiers.
Em peror, richly Clad.
16 . T en Horfes as white as Snow, with
the Bridles and Saddles adorn’d with See Cut Number I. Vage 325.
’ G old , Pearls and precious Stones.

C H A P. IV.
The Religions in the Empire of China.
Here are feveral Religions profefs’d Dinner or Supper, anointing the Mouths

tm '
T in the Empire o f China, according
ui uxc#*/- tQ the variety 0f People in
with the Emperor, he being a T ar-
e r , follows the Idolatry o f his Nation,
which as in the main it agrees with the
Religion o f the Chinefes and Jafonefes,
vet they all differ in Seeds, wherein the
Tartars do not agree among themfelves,
much lels with the Chinefes and Cochin-
chinefes, as neither they do among them-
Pelves T his Difference arifes from the
feveral Idols, which every one takes for
his tutelar God. T h e Tartars o f Great
Tartary adore a D eity, they call Natagai,
whom they Efteem the God o f the Earth,
and they have fo great a Veneration for
him, that no Man is without his Image
in his H oufe; and being perfwaded that
N atazai had a W ife, they place her on
his left, with little Idols before them,
as if they were their Children. T h ey
pay Adoration, and make Obeifance to
them, efpecially when they are going to
o f the Images with the Fat ot the Meat
it. T o be- that is Drefs’d, and lay fome of their
Dinner or Supper at the Door, believ­
ing they Feed on it.
T here is a much more Impious, and The great
ridiculous Adoration paid by the• Tartars 1’neft, os
to a living Man, whom they call L aw *,
that is, Great Prieft, or Prielt o f Priefts j
becaule from him as the Source they re-
ceive all the Grounds o f their Religion,
or Idolatry, and therefore they give him
the Name o f Eternal Father. 1 his Man
is ador’d as a D eity, not only by the
Inhabitants o f the Place, but by all the
Kings o f Tartary, who own a Subjection
to him in Matters o f Religion, and there-
fore not only they, but their People go
in Pilgrimage with confiderable Girts to
Adore him, as a true and living God.
He, as a great Favour fhews himfelr m
a dark Place of his Palace, adorn d with
Gold and Silver, and lighted by feveral
hanging Lamps i fitting upon a Cuihion

■ . . ■ ' ' J
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■Go^ X

f* U'wm, p i « H BH

y ±6 A Voyage round the W O R L D. Book IJ.

r v A / * * o f Cloth of Gold, on a place rais’d from on the T o p are many fmall Bells, which
Gemelli. the Ground, and cover’d with fine Car- being fhaken by the Wind Ring Night
16 9 5. pets. Thei? they all Proftrate themfelves and D ay. T he Tem ple is large Built
t / W flat on the Ground, and hnmbly kifs his W the middle o f the Hill on the South
Foot. Hence he is call’d Father o f Fa- hde. T h e Dwellings and Cells o f the
thers, High Prieft, Prieft o f Priefts, and Lam a's arc on the Eaft and W eft. The
Eternal Father 5 for the Priefts who are Jdo 1 on the A ltar is like a naked ruftick
the only Perlons that attend and wait Man, like the God Priafm o f the Anti-
upon him on all Occalions, make the e‘its, nor is it ador’d by any but the
Ample Strangers believe Wonders o f his Lam a's and Weftern Tartars ? the Ea-
Sandity. And that he may be thought ftern Tartars and Cbinefes abhorring it.
Immortal when he Dies, they feek out 1 ;aw fcveral Lam a's in piking? and their
throughout all the Kingdom for one ve- Habit is lingular, for they wear a yellow
ry like him, and having found one, place M iter, a white Gown tuck’d up hack- J ! ieirHa'
him on the Throne, and by that means wards, a red Girdle, and a Tunick o f a * *
make all the Kingdom bold it as an A r- G old Colour, and a Purfe hanging from
tid e o f Faith (they being all Ignorant o f their W afte; fo that their Garment is
the Impofture,) that the Eternal Father ranch like that the Apollles are painted
rofe again out o f Hell after 700 Years, M. 1
and has L iv ’d ever fince, and will Live T h e Principal Idol they adore in that
to Eternity ^ which is fo deeply Imprinted Kingdom of Laffd, or Baramnia is M e­
la. the Minds o f thofe barbarous People, made o f Nine human Heads in the
that no Man among them makes the leal! form o f a C onej before which they of-
Doubt o f it, and they Adore him fo for Sacrifice, and place Meat to gain the
blindly, that he thinks himfelf complcat- Favour o f the Idol. They ufe Beads
1y Happy, who has the Fortune to get letting one drop every time they fay’
the leaft bit o f his Excrement, which is Mtmpe?fdve us. T h e Malice and Deceit
Bought at a great R a te ; believing that ° f the D evil has caus’d a horrid and ex-
wearing it about their Necks in a G old ecrable Cuftom to be us’d in that King-
Box, as the great Lords ufe to do, it is (lom o f Barantula, and that o f T a n m
a fure Defence again!! all Evils, and an T h ey ciaufe a lufty Lad, or Boy, whom
Antidote againfl: all D ifcafes; and there they impower at certain times’ o f the
are thofe who out o f Devotion put fomc Year to K ill, with Weapons he has given
o f it into their Meat. T his living D eity him to chat purpofe, whomfoever he
is o f fuch great Authority throughout all meets, o f any Sex, or Condition what- '
Tartary, that no King is Crown’d till he foever. T o thofe that are fo Slain they
has Cent A mbafladors, with rich Prefects, afterwards pay eternal Honours, efteem-
to obtain the great Lama’s Bleffing, for mg them moft Happy, as being Sacri- *
a happy and profperous Government, fic’d to their Goddefs Menipe. T he Boy
His Reitdenee is in the Kingdom o f B a- arm’d with a Bow and Arrows and Sd-
rantola, or Laffa, where he aflumes the miter, and ftuck round with’ Banners
regal D ignity, tho’ he takes nothing up- at a certain time appointed by the D evil’
on him o f the Government, contenting to whom he is devoted, goes out o f
himfelf with the Honour, Jiving Quiet- Doors, like one D iftraded, and running
ly and Peaceably, and leaving the Care about the Streets and publick Places5
o f the Kingdom to another, whom they Kills whom he meets, and no Oppofition
call JDeva, or L e n a ? which is the realbn muft be made againft him. In the I an-
they fay there are two Kings in Bar an- guage o f the Country they call him Buth
tola. that is, Killer. ’
Tefnple of In Fekin& thercJ s 3 g reat Tem ple T he Mahometan Religion has alfo made
itrn/s. within the Palace o f thefe Religious L a - fo great a Progrofs in China, being
mas. It is call’d Lamatien? that is, the brought in by the Tartars o f the greater
Tem ple o f Lama •, and was Built by the Tartary? who come to Settle there that
Father o f the Emperor now Reigning, F. Grim aldi told me there were two Mil-
out o f Policy, and to pleafe his Mother, lions o f People that profeis’d it. Thefe
the Daughter o f a petty King o f the came in through the Eaftern Tartary be-
Weftern Tartars, who was much afle d - ing call'd in by the Cbinefes? to expell
ed to the Lama's. On a Hill like a Su- the W eftern Tartars call’d Eluth who
gar-Loaf made by Hand o f great Stones in former Ages Reign’d in China. ’
carry’d from the Sea, is a round T o w er T h e Religion o f the Chinefes may be Region
o f twelve Stories handfomly Built, and reduced to three principal Seds. One of the
o f a wonderful Heighth ; about which of the Literati, or Learned i - the fecond chinefes.
. of

%
 ■ Go* S x

tdl
.-oy^y

Chap. 11. 0/ C H I N A* 327

f V v / i oft Lanzji, and the third that of the Com- ed; and that thus.when parted from the
Gemelti. monalty. That of the Learned is or- Body, it is united to God, and tike a
1 695• dain’d, and directed to two Principal. Graft fet upon a Tree, has the lame Im-
ends, the one the Publick good of the mortal Life with him. On tbecontra-
Kingdom, the'advancement whereof is ry, fay they, Vice, by its natural Malig-
its whole aim. The other the particu- nity and Infection, fo corrupts and loads
Iar Profperity o f every Man o f them, theSoul,intangling it with the Flefh, that
to be procur’d or purchas’d by the Merit it lives by the Flefh, and with the Flefii
of virtuous Actions according to the dies, and corrupts. In fhorc tftefe 1J -
di&ates of Reafon, improv’d and made ter& i or learned Cbinefes arc mere A -
perfed by Moral Philolbphy, wherein theills, and believe there is neither Re-
they take fo much Pains to advance them- ward, nor Puiiilhment in yhe other
felvcs. And becaufe to honour thofe World ; and that the Soul freed from
that deferve well (whether it be a debt the Prifonofthe Body, returns to No-
of Nature, as to Fathers, or other Su- thing, from which it came, after the
periors, or to thofe who Merit it by Vir- lame manner as the Wind. A nd there-
tne) is very beneficial to the Publick; fore they make it theirbufinefs to have
the hopes of reward being a great En- the Enjoyment of this World, with fo
couragement to take Pains *, and for as many Wives (which _they approve of
much as this is very beneficial to pri- as neceflary for Peopling the Kingdom)
vate Petfons, Children being taught the with having the management of theGo-
Lovc and Refped they owe to their Pa- vernnient, and with Riches, which they
rents, whom they fo often fee offer up endeavour to gather by unlawful means:
at the Tombs of their Predecellbrs,Tears, T o fpealc theTruth, itisrather an Uai~
Prefents, the Prayers o f Bonzes, and verlity of Literati, or learned Men,call’d
whatever elfe is proper to honour the T u diao , than a Pagan Religion ; for as
Dull:, and comfort the Spirit: therefore muchastheyhavenoTemples,norPriefts,
all chefe Ceremonies of theirs are Poli- nor Idols, nor Sacrifices, nor lacred Rites. This is a
tkal Actions for the good of the living, The proper Temple o f the learned ">ntra-
to give them good Inltrudtions, and not is that of Confucius, Prince o f the Chi-
regarding the dead, as if they could be nefe Philofophers, which Temple by a /vfetion,
beneficial to them. So that thefe Cere- Publick Ordinance of the Kingdom, is that they
monies are not negle&ed by them, tho' buiit in every City in Ibme place above have no
they do not believe the Immortality o f that where the Schools are, with extra- Temples,
the Soul; becaufe, befides the Publick ordinary chafge. There his Dictates are ■3>"
damage that would enfue, if People written,or elfe hisName on a greatBoard
were us’d to live at all their Liberty in Golden Letters, withfeveral Statues
without the check or fear of another of his Difciples by him, whom the (Si-
L ife , they would in a great Meafure tiefes Worlhip as inferionr Deities. Here
hurt themfelves, teaching their own all the M andarines, Dodlors, and Bat-
Childrep not to ufe thofe ExpreiTions of chelors, meet every new and full Moon
Refpe&and Love to them, which they to Worlhip,and do Homage to their Ma- '
fhould fee them deny their Parents. RetConfutius with humble Genuflexions;
Yet it is true, that the wifer fort after the lame manner as the tAigyptians
thinking it intolerable on the one hand, on the firft day of cheMonthTWl? celebra-
to believe that Men and Beafts are equal ted theSolemnity of thcirGod,Mercury,
as to length of Life, nay that there fhould The 2d Seft is call’d o f Lawzst, or The 2d.
be Brutes that live longer, fomeanAge, of Li-U o-kun , introduced by a Philofo- sett,
and perhaps lome more; and on the o- pher of that Name, who liv’d in the
ther fide not thinking that Immortality time of Confucius. They feign he was
is the natural property o f the Soul, but in his Mothers Womb 80 Years, before
a reward of M erit; they have hereupon he was Born ; for which reafon he is
found out a new fort of Philofophy, ve- call’d Lawxjt,that is,Old Pbihfopher. He
ty like that of theantient Stoicks, which teaches, that the Sovereign God is Cor-
is, chat Virtue is a quality that partakes poreal, and governs the other Deities,
fomewhat o f the Divine being, able to as a King does his Subjeds, wherein
remove all that is corruptible out of the theft feem to agree with the Stoicks.
Soul where it refides, and confequently He prbmifes mighty efledb of Chirni-
the mortal part, and to Subtilize it to flry (whence fome judge him to have
fuch a degree, that it may no longer be been the Inventer of it) perfuading his
in a condition to fuffer from that W ater Followers, that by means of a certain,
to which it is united^ blit not incbrpo’raV D rin k , Mert tfay b'^cofftc immortal.
Hip

/ !0 ih: , ;T. ;v,
7 2§ ,4 Voyage round the \V O R L D.____ book it.
I T ^ T h Is I)irciples aTfbTtCribnte~ to llim A r t
O vA-'O Hls uucipies a O ; .
'Gemelh. Magick,and this f perfons Qf
J S * j g S S Cevery oife applying himfelf to
? in hopes to avoid D eath ; and the
Women either out o f curiofity, or in
hones to prolong their lives, gave them-
Rives up^o all manner of Extravagan-
cies and Impieties. T hole who made
this pernicious Doftrinc, their peculi-
ar Profefiion were call’d Tien-ft, that is,
Heavenly D o fto rs; to whom the Em -
perors gnve Honfesto live in Commu-
nicy, and built Temples in feverai pla-
ces7 in Honour of their Mailer. T h e
Prirfts o f this Seft particularly employ
th rnfelves * expeUing the » evilsout
o f Honfes, by means S i Exorcifms, or
faftning horrid Monlters to the W alls,
drawn with Ink, and this with fuch a
hideous Noife, that it makes the very
DevUs remove. Thefe naked Fellows
do llfo pretend to the Power o f procu-
ring Rain, or fair W eather at Pleafure,
' " f o f d vertinp private and Publick
Calam ties Tins S e t t a t prefent ha*
but few Followers, the other two being
it i i n i Z p i
molt u • . , j
2 a. J f o r t o r of the b L I , w hoT ave
Idols, and Deities reprefented in Strange
and Monftrous figures; and among the
thofe two fo Famous throughout all
theE ail, v iz . Am ida, nndShiaca. It is
the Principle o f thefe, quite contrary to
that o f the learned, to take no care of
theVublick, and only mind thcmfelves.
They allow the Soul’s Immortality after
the Death o f the Body, and that it is
a Reward or Punilhment according as
everyone has deferv’d. T hey commend
. f f i j g i e 1 ife, and V irginity, fo far as
‘to condemn Matrimony at lead by infe-
m ice And therefore as there are no
People o f a meaner condition than they,
fo there are none more Beaftly and A -
bominable for all brutal Filth, and fo
‘ thev mix with one another, worfe than
tn e y m ix w iu
T he te lm th isP ern icio osSca, came
oot o f after this manner, as is
found in the Hiltories o f the learned
£ 1 In the Year d 5 after the Birth
ofC h riH T h e Emperor M m -T i, the
17th o f the « h Family call’d H an,
rcign’d in China. T h e Ibape o f a holy
Hero appear’d to him in a Dream, and
being further perfuaded by the W ords
O(Confucius that in the W elt there was a
juft Man, not being able to go himfelf,
he feat Caichim, and Cnikim his Ambaf-
fadors, to find tbe Holy Man, and the
I b h o
\ "<SL
,)• !j/-i>::’>.' '^'■V>1, \ : ti§i '•■■':*'•' "V'. , V..
Holy Law . Thefe coming to an Ifland,
noC far from the Red-fca, and not ha-
ving the Courage to go any further, re-
» j * d with an Idol and Statue o f a Man
call’d R e , who had liv d in Indta 500
years before Cenfaum and brought his
accurfed Religion into China, l hey
had been happy and deferved well ot
their Country, i f infleadpf that Plague,
they had brought the laving D oftnn o f
O n f t , which at.that time was 1 reach d
by S. Thomas the Apoftle in India.
T h e Cknejes embracing this curfed
D oftn ne, by degiees fell off from that
of their Anceftors, which was not al-
together fo Impious and at length in
a? ? ° f t mt°f
down right Atherfin. This Mafter o f
Idolatry left two forts o f D e f t ™ , the
one, T h at all things come from and re-
turn to nothing, which they call the In-
fenor D oftrin, and us followers are
A theifts; the other exterior adapted to
deceive the Ignorant Multitude. T h e
learned, as has been faid, follow the firft
o f thefe, placing all their Happinefs in
this Life, in the enjoyment of W ealth,
and many W omen, and ruling over the
People; for they allow the Soul to be
Mortal And they are fo fin’d in their
way, that feme Spamjh Mtffioners of the
Order o f S. Franos told me, that m a
difpute certain M a n d a tes were not a-
Ibam’d to own, that they neither believ d
»n God, nor the Idols, but only in Con-
fu u tis; but they believe, ‘f t}ic.y juft-
ly, God will reward them in this W o rld ,
and punilh them if they do ill. I f they
ever build Pagods, 01 Sacrifice to then
Idols, it is only out o f Self-intereft to
obtain their own ends; which if they fail
of, they foon forfake the P ^ r , and
call down the Idols, Pumlhmg them as
ungrateful, innotreturnnigthe Favours
bellow’d on them. T h ey will have it
that this Mailer o f the two aforefaid
Sefts was a petty K in g, whofe Name
w asSan^uang, and his MotheisA/c-^f-
; who by the means o f abundance
o f lean in g Miracles, drc«r the A dnii-
ration o f the People, and endeavourd
to be own d as a God. .H e dy d at 79
Years o f Age - and having fettled do-
latry in his Life time, endeavourd to
promote Atheilm at his Death declar-
mg that in all his difcourfes,he fpoke emg-
matically ; that all things came out ot
nothmg.and would return to noth,ng;and
that there was the end ot all our H opes^
In this Seft o f the Bonzes theie feem
to havebeenfom eM yller.esandCeremo-
nies o f our holy Faith intermix d, whtcb
® ..... ..,, ■ •■ •.■ ■ ■
Chap. V. Of C H I N A .____
perhaps might be learnt from the Preach-
Ge n Hi. ing o f the Apoftles S. Thomas, and S.
1 96. Bartholomew, who fpread it towards
thofe Parts. For they have one G od in
* three Perions represented by an Idol
with three H eads; a Virgin Mother o f
a God, having her Statue with a Child
in her Arms ; they allow o f Heaven and
Hell, and the enjoyment or Pain fuitable
to the D e fe rt; they commend Virgin!-
ty, and p ro fe fsit; they ufe Fading and
Pennance ; they obferve voluntary Po-
verty ; they fpeak in praife o f forfaking
the W orld, and flying to Deferts to live
in contemplation, or living in commit-
n ky in Mouaftei ies j they pray by Choirs
reciting fomething after the manner o f
the R o fary; they wear Prieftly Gar-
ments, and grant Indulgences. Yet their
Religion is'intermix’d with fo many Fa-
bles and Lyes, that it has fcarce any re-
femblance left o f Cfariftianity ; for
t h e y allow the Tranfmigration o f Souls;
and believe that when any Period dies,
the Soul continues three days in the
Country, that it may be try ’d by the
Spirit Titfun (who is Publickly Expos’d
and W orlhipp’cl on the Roads.) For
this reafon they repair to the JHanz.es
with Mony and Prefents, carrying them
Paper for the C lerk, and Mony to Bribe
the Idol, that he may be favourable in
th e T ry a l. Thus deceiv’d by the Bon*
zes, they offer ia the Pagods feveral Par-
eels o f Red, Silver,and G ilt Paper, burn-
' ing moft o f it, as believing that which
is G ilt will turn to Gold, and that which
is Silver’d into Silver, to ferve the dead
in the other W orld. A fter the 3 Days,
they fay the Soul appears before the Spi-
rit o f the C ity , whofe Name is Chin-
guan (id being probable that the faid
Soul has been in theC ity) who takes In-
formation o f what he did in the C ity,
within the fpace o f 5 D a y s , during
which time the Kindred o f the Party de-
ceas’d follow the Bonzes, that by their
Prayers they may gain the Judges Fa-
vour, and have the Soul favourably dif-
patch’d. A fter thefe Examinations,
they fay the Soul goes to Hell (whi-
ther, according to their Opinion good
and bad muft go) and there the Caufeis
again hear’d over in ten feveral Courts,
call’d Jen-guan, the Soul ftaying feveral
Days at every one o f them, that ac-
cording to the Good or E vil, it ap-
pears to have done the Tranfniigration,
may be appointed either into the Body
o f a Man, or Beaft I know not how
they came at firft by this notion o f
Tranfmigration, or whether they had
Vol. IV .
•i' r r: ' > -A ■*
9 >2 > i
<SL
329
it from the t&gyptians, the Chaldeans,
or the Druids, who, as Cafar, and Lit-
«*» w ill have it, invented it to infufe
Courage and a Contempt o f Death into
Mankind ; from whom alfo Pythagoras is
fa id to have learnt and brought I t into
Italy. Before Tranfmigration, the Chi*
nefes will have it, that the Soul which
has been judg’d, mult pafs over the
Bridge of Kin-inkiau, that is, o f Silver
and Gold ; where Guard being kept,
Mony mull be given them, as well as at
the aforefaid Courts, that they may not
ftop i t ; for i f the Soul falls over the
Bridge, it remains for ever in the K i­
ver o f Flames, and if when pufs’d over,
it can find a Flower they call Lienxo,t,
the Fruit whereof is call’d Lanufit, then
it will become a Perfon o f Wealth and
Plenty. By thefe Fables, the Bonzes
get Mony and the Goods o f the Poor
Idolaters.^ a n d they are fo obftinace in
their Opinion o f Tranfmigration, that
they lay, the European Milfioners, like
Officers that raife Forces, go to China
to get Men, and Baptize the Chinefes to
Tranfm igrate them into Europeans, to
People our Countries.
From thefe three Seels have Sprung Vaft mim*
many others, in procefs o f time, and b erofi'i'
an incredible number o f Idols, which Earned
are not only to be feen in their Temples,
but in all Publick places, Streets, Ships
and Houfes; wherein they alfo imitate
the ^Egyptian i, who were infamous for
their multiplicity o f Idols. T here
were counted to be 480 o f the moft fa-
mous Tem ples , moft frequented for
their W ealth, Strudure, and the falfe
Miracles pretended to be wrought by
their Idols. In which and the reft
throughout the Empire , there dwell
350000 Bonzes that have Patents; and
11 we would reckon thofe that have no
Patents from Alandarines, they will rife
to a M illion; there being within the
Cityof PekingovAy,io668Bonzesvihoi\ave
no W ives, and are call’d Hoxam^ and chap. 2.
5022 M arry’d , as F. Magallaens writes
in his Account of China.
T his Multitude o f Idols proceeds
from the ere&ing o f Statues to Men,
who for fome memorable A&ion o f
theirs, have defer v’d well o f their Coun-
try, and gain’d great Reputation among
the People, fo deferring Statues and P a-
gods, as alfo from their Opinion that
there are particular Spirits in theW oods,
Hills, R ivers, and Seas, to whom they
Erefi and Confecrate Statues. N ever-
thelefs the chief Idol they adore , is
call’d Gion-hoang, o f the Family o f Chi*
T t ang,
f(f)1
55c A Voyage round the W O R L D .
r ^ A ^ n ang, who liv’d when China was rul’d
(jemttlh. by the Family o f Sung, who gave it the
title of Gio-koang, or rather King Ho-
ey-chimg Cannomz’d it by this Name.
Before this Idol, were the other three
Famous oncsa which arc ador d here u-
nited, and call’d Sin-Sing, and by the
learned San-hoang, Befides which there
are five other Kings, Idols mention’d
in the Hiftory Tmg-kien^ and call’d Xao-
hao,Suon-hiu,Tygiao,Tyxun, and Tyko, by
way of preference call’d V tii, that is,
hTi K ,S c I I . Community, and at Night in their own
1 he Hiftory Su-ki-kay-chtng mentions
r r t C ^ p J i ntiT ’ *)Ut fabulous, the
firlt call a Tteng-boang, the id , Ty-ho-
ang the 3d, Gin-bomg, faying the firft
1,
had twelve Brothers, and each o f them
J8oou° ,ye,a1rs*I That the fecoud
?.ad 1 w,hoj IVLd,tlie. fatne time ; and
that the third had nine, who all G o-
vernd the E m pire, the Succeflors o f
each o f them continuing to the 1 50th G e-
, UCx R °m n O , • r 1 . I . • , . S ® Language of feveral Provinces.
The idol 1 «e molt umverfal Idol, is that they
Proteftor call Chm-xuan, the Proteftor o f Towns
of Cities, and Cities, every one of them having a
Pagod with this Idol, which is repre-
fented with Horfes Bridled and Saddled
before the Door, held by two Servants
for his ufe, and they fay whilft he liv’d
h e™ = L d a thoufand Miles a day.
T he Souldiers and Martial Men have
Souldiers. Kuangic for their Idol, as the European
Heathcns had Mars.
Cbinefi The famous Pilgrimage o f the Chine-
L‘ | r£ V is_ !n ^ e Province of Shiantung, in
^age. the City o f Ja y -g m -c h ie u , on the
Mountain call d Tayjhan, renowned in
China, for being twelve Miles in the
Afcent. 1 he Pagod is call d San K im -
miau aad the Idol Tay-Jhian-niang, or
7 »en-fien-fmr.g-mu, which in the Cbmejes
Language figmfies, The Queen of Hea-
ven o) this Mountain, Mother o f the Ho-
ly Sprat. T his was a Religious Woman,
or fee B onu, with whom a King o f Chi-
na fell in Love, as he travell’d that way,
and taking her to himfelf, made her a
Queen whilft living, and a Saint when
dead, eredhng the aforefaid Temple to
her Honour, whither Millons o f Chi-
nefes go every year in Pilgrimage ; feme
o f whom through the fuggeftion o f the
D evil perfuade themfelves,that after fee-
ing fo great a D eity, there is nothing
greater to be feen in this W orld ; and
therefore they caft themfelves headlong
down a Rock feme Miles high. The
ragod is kept by a Mandarine, who makes
all pay for admittance. In fome o f thefe
Pagods, Religious Men and Women live
...
<SL
Book Ik
in community to ferve them ; o f which
there are two forts, the one o f the Sed
o f Foe, and the other o f that o f Too
The firft o f thefe live in Celibacy • the
others call'd Tauzu are Marry’d ’ and
live at home with their W ives like the
Greek Priefts; they let a long Tuft o f
Hair grow, and winding it about their
Pole, cover it with a wooden Difh, or
Oifter Shell, running a Bodkin, or Skure
through it, and the Hair. In the day
time they attend at their Monafteries in
Houfes. Thofe who Jive finele are
call’dHo-oflnauk by the Chineses, as by us
Bonz.es. Their Heads are all fliav’d
(which in that Country is a token of
Contempt,) their Habit in Colour, and
Fafhion is like that o f the reform’d Fran-
eifeans, but with large Sleeves, and a
Collar about the Neck. The Religious
Women are call’d Niuxofhianr, or iVy-
Jbium, Kuku-Shu, or NicH, according to
Thefe do not obferve Monaftick enclo-
fure, but walk about the Tow ns where
they pleafe, and fuffering others to go
into their Convents. I once at Canton
went into one o f them, where I was in-
vited by thofe (he Bonzes to drink T ea
or Chia ; which made me judge, that
Religious Life was not imbraced out o f
pure Zeal, but out o f a private end o f
enjoying their Liberty, and give them-
felves to lewdnefs both within and with-
out their Monaftery, like the Bonz.es,
who do the fame, tho’ they Preach up
Celibacy. T h e Mandarines ufe all th e?
endeavours to take them in the Fact, and
Punife them with D eath ; and there-
fore, by reafon o f the Scandalous Life
they lead,as alfo becaufe they ftoop to all
MechanickEmployments,they arefcorn’d
and difregarded by the Chinefes-, contrary
to the Japonefes and Siamites,who Honour
their Priefts and TW^rnTTheContem pt
is fo great, that by the Imperial Laws
they are banifeed the Realm o f Chi-
na, as Strangers come out o f India, and
only tolerated by connivance. Both the
Men and Women Bonz.es protefs an au-
ftere Life, never eating Flefh or any
thing that has Life, but livi’ng upon
Herbs; but the Tauzjt Bonus, eat everv
thing becaufe they are Marry'd. Both
thefe forts o f Religious Perfons are o-
blig’d to be at Matins, upon hearing a
Bell rung at Midnight by hand with a
wooden Clapper. Tim ’ the Manda-
vines know thefe falfe Religious to be
infamous Perfons, and fit for any Villa-
n y ; yet they Command them to pray
for I
6
f / 'f • v .
H i
Chap. V. 0/ C H T N A.
O s A ^ l for obtaining o f Rain o f the Idols, when
Gemelu. there is a want o f it in the Country,
1696. and if it does not come accordingly,
thgy caufe them to be cruelly Beaten, and
to ftand feveral Days Faffing in the Sun,
with Chains at their Feet.
T he Chinefes burn in thefe Pagpds, and •
in their own Houfes Ropes made o f the
C H A P. V.
ThelaftPerfecution ofthe Catholick Religion in China, and its batfj Reftduration.
FirftChri- 1 T aPPcars bY the ve>7 T e x t o f Con-
ftianity in X 'Quitu* who acknowledges a fupreme
China. and fovereign Good, that the ancient
Chinefes knew there was a God. But
a Stone, or Tom b found in the Year
16 25 . in the Metropolis o f Sitanfu, or
Samgun, o f the Province o f Xenfi, is a
fufficient Proof that the Catholick Faith
was introduced and preach’d in that
Kingdom in the Year 636. by the Sue-
ceflors o f the A p o ftle s; for the afore-
faid Stone was fee up in 782. to give a
b rie f Account of the Catholick Religion,
and o f the Privileges granted by the Em-
perors in thofe Tim es to the Bifhops and
Priefts, which are to be Read on the fame,
It was accidentally found in theaforelaid
C ity, as they were digging to lay the
Foundations of thejefm ts Church ^ there-
r. Rircher fore I refer fuch curious Perfons as de-
thaP jf [■ . fire more fully, to know the Ititerpre-
in Mmu tatioa S^ en by the learned, to the S i-
r. Alvaro riack, and Chinefe Characters that were
Semedo, & cue in it, to the Original kept in the
p. Michael Roman College, o f the Society o f Jefus,
Boimus. an(j t j,e Copy j n j-fjg Archive 0 f thcir
profefs’d Houfe.
Chriftia* TheCatholickReligionbeing afterwards
nicy re- wholly abolilh’d by the Perfecution rais’d
ftor’d,and by the Bonnes, with the Death o f many
again loft, chriftians it arofe again in the year
12 5 5 , upon the coming in o f the great
* Cham of T artary, who having with a
mighty Arm y poflefs’d himfelf o f all
the Empire o f China, and being well in-
d in ’d to Catholicks, allow’d them the
freeExercife o f their Religion. But the
Tartars being afterwards Expelftd by the
Chinefes, who recover’d their Em pire,
the Chriftians leaving China, follow’d
the Tartars, to prevent being Subjeft to
other P e rfe c tio n s; fo that the Light o f
the Gofpel was again Extinft in that
great Empire, the Chinefes going on in
the Worffiip o f their Jdols.
St. Francis A fter St. Francis Xaverius had in the
Xivcrius. Year 154 2. fpread the W ord o f God
through the rtmoteft Parts o f theW orld
Vol. IV.
• 1.
/ ^
§l
Barks o f Trees pounded, fbarid"after
federal Manners, fome like a Cone, or
Pyramid, which Ja ffa whole Mouth be-
fore the Idol, and ferve them inlfead o f
a Clock, becaufe being o f an equal thick-
nefs, they know the time o f the Day by
the Quantity that is Confum’d.
with very great Advantage, and gain’d
Souls to Chrift in the lOauds o f Japan,
he bent his Thoughts upon the Conver-
lion o f China, and as he was ufing bis En-
deavours to get admittance into that
Empire, he dy’d o f a Fever in the Ifland
o f San-chtu, to enjoy the G lo ry due to
his virtuous Labours,
A t length it pleas’d our Lord, in the
Year itfio , to open a way to the work- fan : ix*
ing in this his Vineyard, facilitating, the trance,
Admiffion o f f . Matthew Riccfo de Aface-
rata, and F. Michael Rogerio of the So-
ciety o f Jefus. Ac firft they met with
great Contradictions and Difficulties, be-
fore they could ohrain o f the Chinefes
that they would fuller them to Live a*
mong them -, but E R,ccio manag’dThings
fo Dexceroufly, that in a fhorc time he
gain’d great Eftecm among the principal
Men ; for having becnF Chrifiopher CU-
zJo’s Scholar, he was very skilful in the
Mathematicks, to which the Chinefes axe
much addicted, and by reafon o f the
rarity o f feveral Watches, and Mathe-
matical Inftruments the Fathers carry’d
along with them, they were honour’d as
Men dropt down from Heaven; fo that
not only the Vice-Roy o f Canton kept
them about him, but the Learned came
from remote Parts to admire their Know-
ledge. Having thus gain’d the good Will
not only o f the great Men, but o f the
Emperor himfelf, in a fhort time they
propagated the Faith in many Parts of
the Empire, calling in freih Labourers to
that plentiful Harvelh
T he Bonus growing Envious to fee
the Gofpel Preach’d fo fiiccefsfully, rais’d
great Perfections againft the Miflioners,
which broke out in Racks, Imprifon-
ments, and Banilhments, wherein the
Chinefe new Chriftians bore a Part. A t-
terwards the Judges were fomevvhat ap-
peas’d, confidering the great Benefit they
receiv’d from the Europeans, as well in
the Com poling o f their Almanack, and
the Obfervations o f Eclipfes, and Co-
T t 2 mets,
, ■ . *

® n
^^2 A Voyage round the VV O R L D.
mets, as oITaccount of the good Clocks
Gemelli. a n d W atches, they brought them. But
1696 this Toleration lafled no longer with
thCm than Neceffity prevail’d, the Co-
vetoufners of the Mandarines at feveral
times railing violent Storms againft our
Miflioners.
At the Inftigation of the Court of Rites
and Ceremonies, when the Emperor now
Reigning was but feven Years of Age,
and his Tutors Govern’d by reafon of his
Minority, an Edid was Publilh’d, for-
bidding the Ereding any more Churches
to the true God, or the Preaching of his
Holy Law, or any more Miflioners com-
ing into China, yet this was not put in
Execution, becaufe of the need the Chi-
ne/es had of the Europeans ; fo that by the
means of the Fathers refiding at Peking,
the Gofpel was Preach’d throughout the
whole Empire. And tho’ the M andarines
for their own private Ends had at feveral
times on pretence of that Edid rais’d
fevere Perfections, yet the Fathers were
ftill reftor’d for the Reafons aforefaid.
Laft Per- But the laft: Perfecution, whereof I in-
fecution. tend to Treat, and which was fuch as
might have utterlydellroy’d theCatholick
Religion in China, hapned in this manner,
In the Year 1689, the Emperor now
Reigning fet out from the Court at Pe-
kim , and taking a Progrefs through the
Provinces of Chekiang, Nanking , and
Shiantiug, Ihew’d particular Favour to
the Fathers o f the Society. F. Profper
Imorceta, a Sicilian, was then Superior
in the Province of Chekiang. He going
out to meet the Emperor, who came at-
tended by 50000 Men, having pleas’d
the Emperor, he was by him receiv'd
into his Boat. It hapned after this, that
the Vice-Roy of the Province coming to
the Emperor was prefently depriv’d of
his Employment, an ill Account having
been given of his Behaviour; and ano-
ther put into his Place. He fufpeded
that ill Offices F. Imorceta might have
done him had been the caufe of hisD if-
efface •, which made him and other great
Men his Friends conceive a mortal Ha-
tred againft the faid Father, and wait an
Opportunity of taking Revenge.
In 16 9 1, the new Vice-Roy began to
fpit this Venom, beginning with the
Bonz.es of Nancbeu, all whofe Temples
he caus'd to be (hut up purfuant to the
antientEdids of the Kingdom; and pro-
ceeding from them to the Miflioners, he
examin’d them, to find whether they
were newly come, or any of the old ones
permitted to refide in the Kingdom, ac-
cording to the Edid of 16 7 1, after the
\v
<SL
Book 11.
Perfection of 1664. Then having con-
fulted with the Counsellors ot Chekiang,
he ask d F. Imorceta, how it came to pafs
that he being delign’d for the Province
of Kiangfi, liv’d in that of Chekiang, and
how he had prefum’d to open the Church
there after it had been lhut up in 1654,
and how he durft Baptize Shm ta-Serg, a
Chinefe, the Chriftian Religion beingror-
bid, and the Converting of Chmefes to
it by the Ed id of i 5 6 8 . F. Imorceta an-
fwer’d thefe Queftions, but the Vice-
Roy’s Malice, being grounded on Re-
venge, was not quell’d ; for he lhut up
the laid Fathers Church, burnt all the
Books, and Boards for Printing (for the
Chinefe way of Printing is by Carving
on Boards) and Banilh’d F. Imorceta the
Province of Chekiang, ordering him to go
Live in the City Kien-Shian , of the Pto-
vince of K iangfi,turn’d the great Churches
throughout the whole Province into Idol
Temples, and the fmall into Schools,
and all Chriftians to return to their Ido-
latry under moll fevere Penalties, to be
inflided upon all Chinefes that conceal’d
them. ’ Tis true, Lome Counfellors were
not confenting to this violent Proceeding
of the Vice-Roy, which neverthelefs he
caus’d to be put in Execution. After
this he prefented a Memorial to theEm-
peror, reprefenting that it was not con-
venient to fuffer the Europeans to Range
about the Kingdom, but that they ought
to be drawn all to one Place to make
ufe o f them in the Mathematicks.
Whilft this was Tranfading at C heh-
ang, the Fathers at Peking having Notice
offit, prefented a Petition to the Empe-
ror, which prevented any furprizingRe-
folution might be taken againft them ;
and afterwards having advis’d about this
Affair with Shiaolaoje, a T artar Page in
great Favour with the Emperor, and
Protedor of the Chriftian Religion, and
of the Church at Peking, he undertook
to deliver the Emperor another Petition
in behalf of the Fathers, reprefenting
how unjuftly the Vice-Roy o f Chekiang
had rais’d a Perfecution. The Emperor
anfwer’d, the Fathers ought not to be
furpriz’d at being molefted by the Chi-
nefes, becaufe very often even his own
Tartars were expos’d to it, tho’ they
were always careful not to Offend him;
whereas the Chriftians relying on the
Protedion o f the Fathers, committed
Inlblency,defpifingthe Infidels, and their
Religion, and living a-part from them,
dealing only with thofe of their own
Profeffion, which had produced fuch Ha-
tred againft them. Neverthelefs the Em­
peror
f(f)|
'CbapTvT______Of C H I N A . ______________ 333
* r G C ^ p e r o r having a tender AfFeftion for the
CmeUi. Miflioners, bid the Page tell the Fathers,
1606, they fhould be o f good Courage, for he,
t / V S j who the Year before had quell’d the
Perfection o f Shiantung, would after the
lame manner without any Noife take o ff
that o f Chekiang. T h e Fathers going to
the Palace to return Thanks to the Em-
peror, he ask’d them, whether they
would proceed by the ufual Method o f
the Courts. T he Fathers anfwer’d, they
accepted o f his Majefty’s Favour, hoping
he would not leave their Caufe to be de-
tided by the Court o f Rices and Cere-
monies which his Majefty well knew
was Averfe to the Catholick Religion ;
they wholly repoling themfelves on his
Mafeft v and hoping in him for Succefs,
and that the Edift o f 1668, which for-
bids the Exercife o f Chriftian Religion
in China, ftiould he recall’d.
T h e Fathers by means o f the fame
Page, prefented another Petition, Pray-
in " they might be allow’ d the Publick
Exercife o f their Religion, and offering
to anfwer to any Argument or Qucftion
propos’d by their Adverfaries. T w o
days after, they receiv’d the Emperor’s
A nfw er, which was that the Petition
was not in due form, to obtain what
thev defir’d. On the <th o f January
n592 Shiaolao-je, went to the Fathers
-Houfe, by the Emperor’s Order, and ta-
king them afide into a private Cham-
b erf inform’d them, that his Majefty
finding the Petition unfit to Anfwer
their defign, and pittying their Suffer-
ings, fent them a rough draught in the
fa r tar T ongue, not quite perfect, to
fhow them how it ought to be, yet fo
that they might add to, or take from it,
at their Pleafure. T he Fathers kneel-
ling touch’d the Ground with their Heads
as the Cuftorn is, to exprefs their G ra-
titude for this favour and kindnefs. Then
they went to the Palace to return
Thanks, and extol the elegancy o f the
Copy asking leave to prefent it the
next day He to remove the difficulty,
that flood in the way o f having the Pe-
tition examin’d firft by the Court,order’d
that the Fathers Pemeira and Antony
Thomas (as Publick Pcrfons in the Em-
pire, and ot the Mathematical Court)
Ihould prefent it in their Name, which
Wjis done upon Candlemas-day. T hat
fame >d day o f February, the Fathers
had notice that their Caufe had been re-
ferr’d by the Council o f the Kolao (this
is the fupreme Council o f Peking, the
Counfellors being the Emperors alfef-
fors) to the Court o f Rites and Cere-
#
§L
monies, for them to give their Opinion
in i t ; but the Refolution was put oft,
by radon o f the nearnefs o f the Chmtfe
great FeftivaJ. - . ,
About the beginning o f M arch the
Courts were again open, and the t^ourt
o f Rites made a very ddadvantageous
Report under the Petition prefented,
reviving all the Edifts which forbid
the Chimfes the exercife o f the C hn-
ftian Religion, and allow d it only to
the Europeans. T he Fathers hearing ot
this ill Succefs, went all to the Palace,
to bemoan themfelves with Shiaolao-je 3
who difmifs’d them with a Promife that
he would fpeakto the Emperor, thatan-
other Petition might be prefented j the ,
Fathers offering to maintain the Truth of
their Religion. On the 9th the Empe-
ror ask’d the Page how the Fathers did,
and whether they knew what had been
decreed in their Caufe. He anfvver d
they did, and were come very difcon-
folate to the Palace to beg comfort
from his goodnefs. T he Emperor hear-
mg this, faid to thofe about mm, 1
know not what prejudice theft Chineje
Councilors have againft the Europeans -,
this is now the third time, 1 have figm-
fy ’d to them it is my W ill, to favour
them in what they ask concerning their
Law . I thought the Petition prefent-
ed me a very means to make way for
granting their Requeft, but thefe obfti-
nate Men have put me by it, fo that
difeourfing with the Kolao upon the R e-
folution o f the Court o f Rights and C e-
remonies, I could not perfuade them to
have it amended, or moderated, fo that
I was forced to fign it. T h e next day
the Emperor font to the bathers, to
bid them not be caft down, but to have
Patience, and not precipitate the bu-
fmefs. _
On the eleventh, the Decree was no-
tify’d to the Fathers in form. On the
18th, the Emperor call'd Sofanlao-je his
Father-m -Law ,a Tartar, by Nation and
Grandfather to the Prince that was
Sworn Heir to the Crown, and telling
him what had happened in relation to
the Anfwer, given to the Petition, pre-
fenced by the Fathers, he very Iharp-
ly like a T ^ r a n l w e r A,That H,s M aje-
fly ought not to permit Juch / # » to
he done -, but tn this Cafe, it would be fit to
ufe his Prerogative, and to ferjuade him Jo
to do, put him in mind o f the Services done
the Em pire, by the Europeans, without
any Reward, and that now they were de-
ny’d fo ju ft a Requeft, as the rublijlung oj
their Law , which was known to be good
Q
UP
W2 k \ 1
§L
n '

334 A Voyage round the W O R L D. Book II.

and agreeable to Reafon. And proceed- lie order'd that two Tartar Kolaos fhovild
G tm e.i. i ng iu his Difcourfe, he added, That fignifie his Pleafure, which was that
1696. would to God the whole Kingdom were Cirri- Sofanlao-je fhould be prefent when the
^ '" W J Jiian s, fo r then they might [pare the ex- Matter was debated by the Cbinefc Coun-
pence of fo great a Number o f Souldiers fellors, that it might be in favour o f the
to fee are it againft Robbers and R e b e l s Fathers. T h is alteration in the Empf'-
for in above 30 Tears your M ajefiy has tor's mind hapningon therpthof M irth
Reign’d, it has never been bear’d that the which is S. Jofeph’S day, this Saint was
Chnftians promoted any Rebellion in the therefore chofen Protector o f the Chi
provinces where they live, and whilft I was nefe Million, and the confirmation o f it
Kolao, / was well acquainted with the Be- defir’d from Rome,
baviour of thefe Men, and with that o f In purfuance to the Emperor’s Order
the Xofcian or Bonzes. Thefe Men are the matter was debated in the Palace’
ready to ferve your M ajefiy, without de- in the prefence o f Sojanlao-je 1 whence’
firing any Honour or Riches fo r their Pains, he went with it, the fame day to the
but only the Liberty of Preaching their Re- Council o f the Kolaos, who approv’d the
ligion. Tour M ajefiy is very jenfible how Proceeding, but did not infert the Cha-
much Pains they have taken in reforming rafter the faid Lord had given o f our
the Calendar -, the Benefit o f the great Guns Religion, who not being able to ner-
cafi by their direSiions, and the advantage fuade them to mention it in the Decree"
of the Peace fettled with the Mufcovices however oblig’d them to °iv e an A c ’
by their means. The Emperor having count o f the Services done by the Eu
heard all this Difcourfe, anfwer’d, You ropeans. The Refolution being pafs’d”
are in the right, but the Sentence is pafi, they all fubferib’d it, and prefented it to
how can it be recall’d ? Sofanlao-je re- the Emperor,the fame day. O nthe22d
p ly ’d, Tour M ajefiy may make ufe o f your the Emperor fign’d the Decree where’
Prerogative, and not permit the Court of in he granted his Subjefts liberty to be
Rites and Ceremonies to do wrong. The come Chriffians, abolilhing the former
Emperor was furpriz’d at this Anfwer, Prohibitions. T he Decree in En el to
but foon after refolving what was to be runs thus. * ^1
done, faid, / will fend Orders to the Conn- Ku patai (a Name given him, hecaufc r w •„
cU, or Court, to recall the Judgment g i- the Quality 0f the Z ft L c o Z t f ™ 5
ven againft the Europeans, and to take o f Rltes had been taken from him) with C '-N i-
this affair again more fedately into confider- due refpeti informs your M ajefiy. We th nity*
ation i but it will be fit that you go to the Connfellors o f the Council o f Rites affembled
Counfellors,and Kolaos, and make them and confdttd ; upon Examination find
Jenfible of the Injuftice o f the Decree, urg- that the Europeans com e from 9000 Leagues
mg the fame rcafons you have laid before difiance by Sea, out o f J f f ecTion to your
me. 1 hat Lord, a Tartar by Birth, Majefttcsgood Government,and at this time
but a Catholick in Inclination, offer’d have the Charge o f the Mathematicks ■ ’
to do as he was order’d ; and according- time of War carefully made M artial e Z
ly on the 19th, went to the Council o f gives, and caft great Guns, and beino Pent
the Kolao and the Court of Rites to te the Muscovites faithfully commenced and
acquaint them with all that has been concluded the Treaty. The M erit w
here fet down, perfuading them fo ef- great-, the Europeans who live here in t Z
feftually, that they own’d, that the D e- feveral Provinces are not vicious nor do
cree had pafs’d out o f a Jealoufy that they endeavour to difiurbthe Publick Peace
many embracing the Catholick R eli- nor do they draw People after them with
gion, there would Tumults and Rebel- falfie Dottrine, or ufe fallacies to (Hr m Re
lions enfue m the Kingdom. And this bellion. I f every one be allow’d to n to
good Lord’s dexterity in this affair was Worfhip in the Temples of the Bonzes it
well worth obferving, for he tho’ no feems umeafonable to deny the fam e Liber
Friend to the Prefident o f the Court o f ty to the Europeans, who do nothin? contra
Rites, who was a Chinefe Kolao, yet, to ry to the Laws. It is certainly necefTarx
oblige him, in fpeakmg he gave him the that the Churches in all places be preserv’d
T itle of Loo-fieu-fang, which fignifies, as they were before, and it is not fit to for
Lord Mailer, a T ide o f great Honour, bid any that will go in to them to pay their
and Refpeft among the Chinefes-, by Worfhip, but that they be permitted to re
which means he oblig’d the Prefident to fa ir thither at Pleafure. We exptft the
be for the Fathers. Having acquainted the day when your M aiefiy’s Order lball cam,
Emperor with his Proceedings, and hs, thatit maybe Publifh’d in this Court and
that the Counfellors were well difpos’d, Province, we the Counfclltrs o f kites not
daring

$>>&>
- *
0 4 ’ T f;
X jj *6 ■e° i x
f(S)l
Chap. V.
fyv-^ O daring to aflame this Authority, ~bnt with
* “ “ • Ml ReJpect reprefent it, and pray your M a-
K S & s jj‘fle s Order* _ there, by the Portnguefe Fathers o f the
Liberty of "F^f approv d of the Refolution,
Religion anc* the Fathers went to return him
reftor’L Thanks. The Decree was Publifh’d and
the 'V iceroy with regret by the Empe-
ror s Order, made good their Lofles, o-
pen d the Churches and reftor’d all things
to F Intorceta * who having again re-
turn d 1 hanks to the Emperor, was al-
low d as a Favour to go along with F.
Antony Thomas, who with the T itle o f
hisMajeftiesEnvoy attended b y tw o T *r-
tars, was going to meetF. Philip Grim al-
d i, now returning out o f Europe. They
went all four to Macao, to congratulate
the Father from the Emperor } and the
Viceroy o f Canton himfelf, by his Ma-
jefties Order, went with other M anda-
to perform the fame Function, ac-
cording to the cuftom o f the Country,
which is to touch the Ground with the
head nine times, praying for the Empe-
ror’s Health, with the Ceremonies above
mention’d. T he City o f Macao per-
form d the fame towards F. Grim aldi, fo
great is the Refpeft paid to the Favour-
ites, and Servants o f the Emperor o f
China, not only by the Subjects, but by
himfelr, who had fent MelTengers three
times before to welcome the aforefaid
Father. Thus the very means that were
to have been the ruin o f theCatholickRe-
ligion, by Gods Permiffion, ferv’d to E-
ftabhlh it the ftronger. A fter this hap-
p y fuccels, all the Fathers, who were
confind in Canton, return’d to their
Churches, and the Religion before pri-
V3tely profefs’d in China, and as it were
by ftealth, by reafon o f the Edidts for-
bidding it, is now as publickly Preach’d
as in Europe. Still Churches are ereft-
ing thioughout all the Empire to the
true God, tho’ fome oppos’d it ^ being
no w Authoris’d by the aforefaid Decree,
which is to be feen in Gold Letters, over
the D001 o f every Catholick Church.
Churches In Peking thejefuits have three Church-
in Peking. es. One is within the firft enclofure o f
the Palace, belonging to the French Fa-
thers; where F. Fontane is Superior, af-
fitted by the Fathers Gerhillon, Buet, T if-
dalou, and a German Father, whofe Name
is Kihan Stumps, all greatly learned in
the Mathematicks, and well read in o-
ther Sciences, being chofen by the So-
ciety by the King o f France’s Order, at
the requeft o f the King o f Siam ; whence
(after his Death) it is almoft nine Years
fince they pafsd through the City o f
Nimpo into china, and felled themfelvcs
Wyi ;;; ■
§L
O
fC H I N A.
at P r % , notwichftanding thevigbrbus
oppolition made again ft' their fixin?
fame Society. However at prcfent they
are very much in the Emperor’s Fa
vour, who gave them a Houfe within
the aforefaid firft enclofure, where now
their Lodgings and Church are build-
ing.
T h e ad Church is in the Eaft quarter
o f the Tartar City, and is call’d Tutm u
where F. Sifaro was Superior, who went
to be Bilhopat Nankin?, F. Antony Tho-
mas o f Namur, a good Mathematician
being there at prefent, and with him F„
Suarez..
In the third Church refided F. Grimal-
di Superior and Vice Provincial with
the Fathers Pereira, Rodriquez, and O(fo-
rio. It ftands in the fame Tartar C ity
on the W eft fide, therefore call’d s L
tang, near the Gate Sunchimuen, and is
the Antienteft and Belt o f them all It
has three Altars well adorn’d, and a
good outward Front with two Turrets
on the fides. T he Emperor allows for
their maintenance fuch a quantity o f
Rice, Oil, Sugar, Spice, Salt, W ood
(which is fcarce in Peking) and other
things that the French Fathers told me
it amounted to the value o f a ioo L e-
ans, or a 125 Pieces o f Em he for every
Father. T his and the Rent of fome
Shops and Houfes,keeps xhzPonuquefe Fa-
thers well enough, without ftanding in
need o f any Supplies from their Conn-
try. It is not fo with the French Fa-
thers, who live very bare, tho’ they
have as much allow’d them from France,
becaufe it is dear living at Court and
tho’ the Emperor fevcral times he^vent
to fee them, ask’d whether they want-
ed any thing, yet they out o f Modefty
anfwer’d in the Negative. It is proper
here to obferve, that when the Empe-
ror goes to fee the Portuguefe, or French
Fathers, they muft turn all their Ser-
vants out o f the Houle, and leave all
the Doors o f the Cupboards open, to
lhow there is none hid within.
T he Life the Jefuits told me they lead
there, is very hard and troublefome, for
every Day at Sun-riling, the Fathers
Grimaldi, Gerhillon and Fontane are to go
to the Palace, either to teach the Em -
peror, or to receive his Orders, and
i f any one fails o f going any Morning,
he is prefently fent for, and there they
ftay till Afternoon. T he other Fathers
are employ’d in making Mathematical
Inftruments, mending Clocks, or run-
ning up and down ; fo that F. Grim aldi
told
 ■ e°^X
/ f>—
111
2 o5 A Voyage round the W O R L D.
a^ told~rae" lie would willingly change his
Ccmelli 1 ife for that o f a Gaily Slave, where he
“ f t o u l d i S h a v e fome Honrs to reft ♦,
and he further complain’d that the Em-
peror will have the difpoful of all things,
and even remove the Father^ from one
place to another, meaning the German,
whom lie brought over, and the Empe-
r0r had appointed him to live with the
French. But he had fufficienfc caufe to
complain; for coming from the Palace,
on the 2 Sth of Jane, he fell o ff from his
Mule, and his Foot hanging in the Stir-
x-up, lie-was dragg’d two Musket Shot,
with Peril o f his Life, one o f his Eyes
being almoft beaten out, tho’ afterwards
Ire recover’d, being cur’d by a Surgeon
v fent him by theEmperor.They do not on-
lv attend the Emperor with fo much at-
frduitv, that in W inter their very Hair
Freezes to their Faces, but the Chinefe
Chriftians, for the good o f their Souls;
keeping Chinefe Exorcifts whom they
nuintain, at the Gates of Peking to Bap-
tize Children expos’d, which are thrown
down before the Gates o f the C ity, and
arc in danger o f Death. F. Ojforio told
me, there were about 3000 Baptiz’d in
a Year, before they are carry’d to the
Hofpital of M att, or a J ^ a f f i g n ’d fo r
bringing o f them up 3 and he added fur-
ther that there were above 40000 ex-
pos’d every Year, whereof many thrown
into the common Shore, are ftarv’d to
Death with cold.
There are about 200000 Chriftians
China throughout the Empire o f China, ferv’d
by Miflioners of fcveralOrders, whoto
fneak the Truth are much oblig’d to
the Jefuhs in Peking, who in all Pcrfe-
cutions have ftood "up againft the Ma-
lice o f the Mandarines in defence of the
Fathers, who are fpreadabout the K ing-
dom looking after their Churches, N or
could any other Order maintain itfelf,
as the reform’d Franc,fcam and Miffion-
ers o f the Clergy, own’d to me 9 be-
caufe to pleafe the Emperor, it is re-
quifite they ftiould know how to do e-
very thing, to compofe their Almanack
in three Languages, with the motions
o f the Planets, and moft confiderable
Stars ; to obferve Eclipfcs, and make
all forts o f Mathematical Inftruments,
as alfo to mend Clocks, and Diftitl W a-
ters, becaufe the Chinefes love the Eu-
ropeans for their own lutcreft. And thus
the Miffion is kept up, not only o f the
Fathers o f the Society, but o f 16 Spa-
„i(h reform’d Francifcans, o f 10 Demi-
Jeans, and o f < Spaniards o f the Order
o f S. A ugufin, who arc maintain’d by
3 b8
™
<SL
Book II.
the Charity o f the King o f Spam. Thus
the French Clergy-men are tolerated,
who live in Community upon the R e -
venues they have in tranet, diftubutiog
every little fcpp y fen t them among all
the Millions ot China,Cochtncbma, Siam,
and Tanking. The worft provided are
the Formguefe Fathers, who live difners d
about the Empire to the number o f 4 ° j.
for having no Revenue but the Bilhop o f
M unfler s Legacy, and the little that
comes from Portugal divided among fo
many, it does not hold out to keep
them, and they can expert no Relief
from the wretched C h n ftjan Chmefes ;
for the Rich Men, and Mandarines do
not become Chriftians, becaufe they will
not quit their many W ives. Y et thefe
Fathers hold faff then R igh t o f being
Patrons, or Proprietors o f the Million
o f China, the King o f Portugal and the
Portuguefe,fuffering no Miflioners o f other
Nations togo any other way into thatEm-
pire, but through Lisbon, that they may
there firft fwear Fidelity r.o the King
o f Portugal, and yet they are not after­
wards maintain d by him in China. K o r
can he fend Fathers enough^out o f his
own Kingdom, or much lets maintain
them, lo that if the King o f Spain does
not take part in that Million, the ei­
tmtufe will make no great j^ o p e fs ^ , ,
there, nor will they be able to hold out
long. . f , . .
T h e Chinefe Nation is fo fond o f lt-
felf, that it looks upon all others as Bar-
barous, and Unpoiifo d. Y et the E h-
m r n . M.fliooers begm to undeceive
them by Printing 500 Books o f the Law
o f G o d , which they have compos d
within lefs than an Age j liv in g tran-
Hated the Holy Bible, and the W01 ks o f
S. Thomas. In Peking they have ,1 good
Library of European and Chinefe Books,
where I faw the Map o f the W orld,
put into C h a r t e r s , _but Square,
thofe People being o f Opinion that Chi-
»^ liesin them id d le,and theotherK m g-
dams about it like Wands,
For as much as the W ar between the Peace
M ufem tes and Chmefes was brought to concluded
an end, by the Condud o f the Fathers,
it will be convenient before we con-
elude this Chapter, to give a fhort A c-
count o f that Expedition, flic Empe-
ror fell at Variance, and broke with the
Mufcovites on acount o f the Pear Fim-
cry, o f the City and Lake o f Nepe-byu ■,
but then coniidering they might join
with the 1 artar-Eluth, to the Damage ot
the Kingdom hepoflefles in the Eaftern
Tart ary , he difpatch’d one ot his^Fa-
l .V v a , .
w '
. ...
Chap. Vi Of C H I N
r>wA/> thers-in-Law, a Tartar Petty King, with
Gemelli. the Fathers Pereira and Gervillon, to con-
1 696. elude a Peace with them. T h at Tartar
Petty K in g being come near to the Fron-
tiers o f Mufcovy, indifcreetly drew up
the Strength o f his Horfe to ftrike a
T e rro r into thofe People, and then in
a haughty manner Paid to them. M y
Emperor o f his own Bounty allows you to Fiji)
only in fitch apart o f the Lake. T h e M uf-
covites anfwer’d thefe haughty W ords
with Scorn, faying, they gave the Empe-
ror o f China no thanks for it, becaufe they
had that already; and fo in a Paflion
turn’d away without hearing any more
o f the Peace. T he Tartar was lorry to
fee the T reaty broke off, fearing he
might be in danger at his return, well
knowing how defirous the Emperor was
to entertain a good Correfpondence with
the Mufcovites, not for fear ofthem, who
cannot raife above ioooo Men, but only
to prevent increafing the Forces of the
Eluth Tartars o f the W eft, who are al-
ways at W ar with the Em peror, in-
felling the Imperial Tartary with con-
tinual Incurftons. And tho1 the Empe-
ror o f China has more numerous Forces,
yet the Chinefes are not fo good Soul-
diers as the T<trtars, who are enur'd to
Hardlhip, and crofs feveral deferts in a
W eeks time, with only a Sack o f Meal
at their Crupper, and feed on Camels
and Horfes ; whereas the Chinefes are
fo dainty, that they go to W ar with all
conveniences, nor do they think o f go-
ing beyond the Frontiers, if the others
do not come to them. Therefore the
Emperor to prevent the burning o f his
Country, which is remote from Peking,
by 150000 Horfe, that Tartar K ing can
bring into the Field, endeavours to keep
him quiet, by paying him a Sum o f Mo-
ny, and to hinder him by all means pof-
fible from growing more Pow erful;
W ar being the Principal Revenue o f
thofe People, who have no other Inhe-
ritance but their Bow and A rrow s.
F. Pereira perceiving that Petty King
and Ambafiador, was much concern’d at
his ill Management o f that Embaffy,he of-
fet’d to go to the Alufcovites Camp,to fet
the Treaty on Foot again. A t firft the
Tartar refus’d, faying, the Mufcovites
•were a fierce People, and would M urder
him, and he fhould be anfwerable for him
to the Emperor, who had put him into his
Power. On the contrary, fays Father
Pereira, they are Rational and C ivil Peo-
pie, and 1 dare undertake to Compofe mat-
ters with them. In conclufion he went,
and when the Tartar was apprehenlive
Vol. IV.
■ ■
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• @L
-■>. _, . (■„,„v..
A. 3j 7
o f his Death, he after two days re-
turn’d with the Capitulations o f Peace,
th ereat the Petty King was much fur-
priz’d with Jo y . After that the M uf-
covites treated the Tartar g e n e ra lly ,
and he very fparingly return’d heir
Entertainment.
. T h e Chinefe Amba/Iador having taken
his leave, return’d to Peking, crolling
feveral Deferts by the way, without
finding Tow n or City to reft in. ’ T is
true that trad! o f the Imperial T ar-
tary, under the Emperor o f China, is
o f a vaft exten t; but it is fo defert and
woody, that as to worth, it may be ac-
counted very little ; only a few poor
Tartars Inhabiting in Hovels, without
Houfes, like the Autient Numidians,
or Hamaxobites, who being wholly o n ­
ploy’d in a Paftoral Life, had not lb
much as Houfes, but went about with
their Portable Huts, fettling wherefo-
ever they thought fit. The prefent
Emperor o f Tartary, in order to Ci-
vilize, begins to make them build
T ow ns, and gather them into Bodies,
having 40 Petty Kings and Princes, who
are Tributary to him, among whom
are the Tartars, call’d Eantaz.es and Xal-
xas, who can raife fome 7, fome 20000
Horfe o f the ftragglers that live by
Plunder. T h e curiouleft thing to be
found in this uncouth T r a d o f Land (as
the Fathers Grim aldi, Gervillon, and Pe-
rtira told me) are great Bridges o f a
wonderful Strudure, which they lay o-
ver Rivers, for the Emperor to pafs o-
ver, often joining Mountains with them.
When the Chinefe Ambaflador came Mufi&vite
to Peking, the Emperor was well pleas’d Ambaffa-
with the Agreement, which the Tartar dors,
own’d was owing to the Fathers. N ext
came the Ambaffadors from the Great
Duke o f Mufcovy, whom the Emperor
receiv’d fitting on aThrone rais’d 20 fteps
bove the Ground, whither he afterwards
made them afcend to D rin k ; and tho’
they at firft refus’d to touch the Ground
with their Heads, according to the Cu-
Horn o f the Country, at laft they con*
fented. T h ey much admir’d to fee a
Tartar Family in fuch Majefty, declar-
ing they could not find whence it came,
tho’ they had travell’d all that vaft
Country (for the Mufcovites come 20
days Journey in their way to Pekingi
from M ofco, within their own Domi-
nions) in which is a conliderable part o f
Tartary; which the Emperor makes lit-
tie account of, having rais’d himfelf from
a homely T en t to the Statelieft Palace
in the W orld.
U « GHA?<
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W ■ <SL

338 A Voyage round the W O R L D. Book II.

' c h a p . vr.
O f the Antiquity of the Empire of China y o f the V dm the C'hinefes put upon
their Empire ; of the Number of Cities, and other Places , and of the Fa­
milies and Souls it contains,

f V ' v ^ n p h E Interpreters o f the Chinefe Hi- T he Imperial Families are clefcemkd

Gemelli. ftory deduce the Original o f that from thofe two Founders o f the Qrinefe
1696. great Monarchy from Fohi, who began Nation, and from the aforctnention'd fix
his Reign in the Year 2952. beforeChrift. Emperors, in whom the fupreme D ig-
^ftl'eCW - We brought the Savage and wandring nity, and Government of the Chinefe M o-
vefe ' mo- Men to live in Society, whereas before narehy continu’d till thefe latter Times,
narehy. they liv’d like Beafts •, and they having In ail they reckon 22 o f them, that is,
afterwards learn’d the A rt o f T illage, nine great ones, and thirteen Idler, a-
and others o f Xirnum, began to live niorig whom is included this Family o f
more Regularly in Villages. the Eaftenl Tartars, which at this pre-
In the Year 26 9 7,before Chrift reign’d, fent Rules the Tartar and Chinefe Empires.
• Hoamti, call’d the Fair Emperor, or ra- T hey may all be leen Briefly put toge­
ther Yellow , becaufe he took that C o- ther in the following Table,
lour, which is allow’d to none blit the
Emperors. T his Emperor, with the A Numerical Table o f the Twenty Two
Afliftance o f Tanca, perfected the Chi- Im pend Families and Emperors, and the
nefe Period, or Cicle o f do Years, in- Tears they Reign'd.
vented Mufick, and mufical Inltrumeitts,
as alfo Arm s, Nets, Carts, Ships and Families. Emperors. Years, imperial
Carpenters W ork. By the Invention Of t H i*. 17 . 458. Families,
his Queen Luy-fu, he brought up the 2 Xam. 28. 644.
keeping o f Silk-worms, and o f D ying, 3 Km . 3%. 873.
and Weaving Silk. He infHtiited fix 4 Chin. 3. 43.
Kolaosy or prune Minilters Of the K ing- 5 Han. 27. 4 26 , .......
dom, and compos’d feveral Books o f 6 Hen-Hem. 2. 44.
< Phyfick. 7 Chin. 15 . * 55 *
Hoamti D y in g , Xao-Hao fucceeded 8 Sum. 7. 59.
him in the Year 257 7 , and begitn to 9 Chi. 5. 23.
build and enclole the City with W alls j 10 Leant. 4. 55.
invented new Mufick, and brought up 1 1 Kin. 5. 32.
the Cuilom o f having Carts drawn by 12 Suy. 3. 29.
Oxen. 13 Tam. 20. 289.
Xao-H ao D y’d 2 5 17 Years before 14 Heudeam. 2. 16 .
Chrift, and was fucceeded by Kuen-Hio, 1 5 Hen-tarn. 4. 13 .
Grandfon to Hoamti, who ordain’d that 10 Hen-chin. 2. 11.
the only Emperor on Earth fhould oiler 17 Heu-han. 2. 4,
Sacrifice in folemn manner to the fu- 18 Hcu-Keu. 3. 9.
prem eEm peror o f Heaven. He allbin- 19 Sum. 18 . 3 19 .
vented the Calendar, and order’d the 20 Yuen. 9. 89.
Year Ihould begin with the next N ew 2 1 Mim. 2 1. 276 .
Moon to the beginning o f Spring, which 22 Chim. 2. 53.
in China anfwers to the fifth Degree o f
Aquarius. T he three Families H ia, Xam, and
la 2 4 5 7 , b e fo re C h rift, Kuen-Hio Ken, as they preceded the others as to
D y ’d, and Tice his Grandfon fucceeded T im e, fo they furpafs’d them in Fame
him. This Man had four W ives, he ap- and Efteem, for they behav’d themfelves
pointed Mdfters to teach the People, and like true Princes in Integrity o f Man-
found out vocal Mufick. ners, inftituting juft Laws, Affe&ion t6
After thefe Princes came thofe two their People, and above all in an unvio-
celebrated Emperors and Legiflatofs To, late Faith and Sincerity ; going beyond
and Xun, from whom the civil Rites, and the others in number o f Emperors and
political Inftitutes are deriv’d. T h e y Years. Thus it appears, T hat the Em-
Reign’d 150 Years, which added to 587, perors, including the two firft Founders
the other fix before them L iv ’d, make o f the Nation, were 236 , omitting thofe
735 Years. that

■■ 1

3 H>
t(f)|
\%>— «<*/
<SL
Chap. VI. ( ^ C " H J N A. T ~ j ?9
that liv’d but a very fhort time, or that which they defcribe little, in the niidjl
Gemelli. for fome other Reafon are not inferred of the Sea like Nut-fhells; and the In-r
1 696. into the Table of Emperors. Therefore habitants of them Brutal, and Monitrous,
\ S Y s j I refer the Reader to the Chronicles of and of fuch ridiculous Shapes, that they
the Chinefe Monarchy publifhM at large, are more like Monkeys, or wild Bealls
by ¥. Philip Couplet, in his Book, Inticled, than Men. The Jefnits in thefe latter
Confucius Sinorum Pbihfophus, where he Times having made them acquainted with
will find not only the Names of the a- Europe, they have inferred it into their
forefaid Emperors, and the Years they Maps, and plac’d it in the midlt of the
Reign’d, but the moft remarkable A&ions Sea, as if it weiefome fmalllfland. They
that5hapned in their Time. divide the Heaven into 2S Conftellations,
Antiquity By the aforefaid Table it appears, and China into as many Parts, to each of
pf that That the Monarchy continu’d in the lm- which they ailign a Conftellation, giving
£mpire. perjai families 3920 Years, according it the fame Name ; not leaving one for
to the molt probable and general receiv’d the other Kingdoms. They give their
Opinion of the Chinefcs. T o which if own Provinces lofty, and /lately Titles,
we add the 737 Years, they write the and call other Countries by barbarous
eight Princes of the Nation liv’d, they and defpicable Names.
all make 4657 Years, from which if we They have fo lofty a Conceit of their And other
deduce the 255, that the firft Princes own Kingdom, that when they are con- Affairs.
Fohi and Xinnum Reign’d (becaufe they vinced by the Milfioners with demon lira-
had'not the Imperial Dignity,) there will tive Arguments, they anfwer with Allo-
remain 4402, or according to the (hort- nifhmenc, Kum-qste-ki-vac ? Hoon ijcu-
elt Computation 4053, fince this great tao? Which iignilies. What is this we
Monarchy began in Tao, and has conti- fee? What is it we bear ? Is it pollible
nu’d ever fince without any Interruption. that without this great Empire there
We cannot but own, there is no King- fhould be any Rule or Way to attain to
dom or State in the World, that can Virtue, and that there Ihould be another
Boa It of fo antient a Race of Kings, fo Faith, and another Law ? And it hap-
numerous, and lo well continu’d. The pens very often that the faid Fathers dif-
Monarchies of the JJfyrians, the Pcrfans, courfing of Learning, of Religion and
the Greeks and the Romans are at an end the European Sciences, they ask whether
after a much Ihorter Duration ; and this we have their Books ; and being told we
of China Hill Rands, like a great River have not, they reply with Wonder and
that never ceafes running. This long Amazement. If yon have not our Books
Continuance and Antiquity, befides other in Europe, nor our Writings, as you own,
Excellencies of China, fill the Chinefes what Learning, or what Letters can you
with Pride, looking upon their own Em- have ?
pire as the greateft, and fo every thing They have given feveral Names to Names of
elfe that belongs to them and defpifing that great Empire, for every time a new Cbm.
Ignorance other Nations, which is the reafon they - Family got into the T hrone it gave it a
in Cofmo- fo little Account of them. In their new Name. From the Family, before
feraphy. Maps they defcribe China fquare, andve- this it took the Name of Tai-mim-que,
ry large, and reprefent the other King- that is, The Kingdom of great Bright-
doms about it without any Order, or nefs. But the Tartars, who now Govern,
Geographical Method, making them lit- call it Tai-cim-que, or Kingdom of great
tie, and inconiiderable with ridiculous Purity. But as there were formerly fome
and contemptible Names. As for In- Reignsfamous, either for their longcon-
ftancc Siao-oin-que, or the Realm where tinuance, or the Virtue of the Kings, or
the Inhabitants are all Dwarfs. Nm-gin- number of Learned Men, fo their Names
me, where the Inhabitants are Women, have been preferv’d, and are Hill us’d in
Kncn-fin-que, the Kingdom where the In- their Books, as for Inftance, thofe of H ia-
■ habitants have a Hole in their Belly. The que, Xamque, Keuque, Hanque, &c. by
Kingdom where the Inhabitants have a which it appears that thefe Names do
Man’s Body, and Dogs Face. The King- import China, but were given rather to
dom where the Inhabitants have fuch diftinguilh the feveral reigning Families,
long Arms that they hang down to the than to exprefs the Realm it felf. In
Ground ^ and the like, in ihort, they the Memorials prefented to the King,
call the Tartars, the Japonefer, the Peo- and in their Books it is generally call’d
pie of Corea and Tanking by the Name of Xamque, that is, High and Sovereign
the four barbarous Nations. They fay Kingdom. The Learned in their W rk-
there are 72 Kingdoms out of China, ings ufe the Word Kum-hoa, which fig-
VolV. U u 2 nifics,

f-

, iW

;, ;_0 , // Voyage round the W O R L D.
f'vA v'' flifies Flower in the middle :, yet atcer
Cemelll. ail, the tnoft antient and common Name
! 4 i <59$. among the Chinefps, is Kum-tjae, or mid-
C/'V'O die Ktnfionr, as believing China to be
in the middle of the W orld, or elie
b&.,t,fe tlie firft King o f China fetled his
Court in the Province of Honan, which
was then the Center of the Kingdom;
or elie becaufe they Efteem it above all
others, as appears by the Hyperbolical
Name they give it o f Tienhia, or the
Kingdom that contains all there is under
Heaven. Thus when any one fays, Tien-
hia-tuipirn, that is, all under Heaven is
in Peace, it is the fame as if he laid China
is at Peace.
Names of As the Chinefes have giv^n Names o f
Contempt Contempt to other Kingdoms, and Na-
given chi- tions, fo others have repaid them in the
«* LmeCoin. For the Weftern Tartars call
the Chinefes, Har(Altai, or Black Barba-
riatis, and give the fame Name to the
Kingdom. The Mufcovites imitate the
T a t art in this Point, giving the Chinefes
the Name of K ’itai, as do the Kingdoms
o f Shiahamataha, o f Tnmet, or Tibet, and
tint o f Vfarnme, buttbefecorruptingthe
W ord XitaC call it Catai, and the Mer-
chants coming from Indoflan, Cataio \ by
which tc plainly appears that the King-
dom o f Cataio, o f which F. Andrade
fpcaks in his Account of Tibet, is no 0-
ther but China, and that the Words Ca-
Ulio and Harakitai arc the fame. N ever-
tbclefs Baudrand, and others, will have
Cm ay, or Cathay to be one o f the King-
donrs of the Great Tart ary, by the An-
tiencs call’d Seri, and ftretebing out Eaft-
ward, between the Imperial Tartary on
the North, China on the South, and 2V -
ekefian on the W e ft; which by him is
alfo call’d Kara Cathai, where are the
Scythians, call’d JL n i, in that Scythia,
within Mount Imaus. But China may be
call’d Cathay of the Caiaini Tartars, who
polfefs’d themfelves o f it with the N iu-
cam. T he Eaftern Tartar/ have given
it no better T itle, calling it Nka-corum,
that is, Kingdom o f Barbarians, tho’
now they are fix’d in, and are Matters
o f it, they call it Talimpa-corwn, that is,
middle Kingdom.
- * , This vaft Empire is feated at the fur-
Jg J theft Eaftern part o f A/ta. The Chinefes
in their Maps reprefent it Square, pre-
tending it has equal breadth and length,
but according to the belt Account o f the
Europeans, ic is rather Oval. It reaches
23 Degrees from North to South, that is,
from the Fort of Cai-pim, on the Fron-
tiers o f the Province o f Peking, in 4 1
Degrees of North Latit ude, to che Son-
3<rv
. 1- .
<SL
n
Book ii.
thernmoft Point oh the Maud of Aainan,
in 1 8 Degrees o f Latitude, South o f the
Province o f Canton. Thus the length o f
China, .according to the Chinefe Books,
is
57 Li, or Chinefe Furlongs, at 250
to a Degree.
402 Spanijh or Ponuguefe Leagues and
a half, allowing -17* to a Degree,
575 French Leagues at 25 to a Degree.
34.5 German Leagues at 15 to a Degree.
1380 Italian Miles at 60 to a Degree.
But if we would take the great eft
length o f China, it malt be meal tir’d from
the North-eaft Point o f the Province o f
Leastm v , call’d Cai-Taen, to the lall
City o f f he Province o f Tan-nan, call’d
Cbinticn-kim-min-fu, and then the great-
eft length o f the Empire w ill be
525 Spantfh Leagues,
7 S ° French Leagues,
4 5 ° German Leagues.
1800 Italian Miles.
8400 Chinefe Furlongs at the rate o f
four and a half to aa Italian Mile,
Its breadth taken from the Point o f xts
Nimpo, a Seaport Town qf the Province breadth.
Gbequian, to the uttennoft part o f the
Province o f Snchuen, in a ftrail Line Eaft,
and W eft is
291 %Spanijh, or Ponuguefe Leagues,
426 French Leagues,
255 German Leagues.
10 2 0 Italian Miles,
4080 Chinefe Furlongs..
But taking the greateft breadth o f
China from Tame ham, the tnoft Eaftern
part o f the Province o f Leaotmg, bor-
dering on the Kingdom of Corea loTam -
tint, the Weftermoft Point of the Pro-
vince o f Xenfi, it is
350 Spanijh Leagues.
500 French Leagues,
300 German Leagues,
1200 Italian Miles,
5400 Chinefe Furlongs
This Empire on the Eaft is bounded confines
by the Eaftern Ocean, on the North by and Divi-
a long Wall dividing it from T an ary; lion,
on the W eft by vaft high Mountains,
and fandy Defeits, feparatmg it from
feveral Kingdoms; and on the South by
the Ocean. It is divided into 15 Pro-
vinccs, which for their Extent, Wealth
and Fruitfulnefs, may better be call’d
large Kingdoms than Provinces ; to
which muft be added Leaotmg, a Conn-
try not inferior to any Province. T his
and eight o f the Provinces lie along the
Eaftern and Southern Ocean; fix others,
four are enclos’d on all lides by the reft,
two are feparated by high Mountains
from
III •
Chap. Vi. Of C H I N A . __________34 1
from die other Kingdoms o f ^ and
one bv the W all from Tartary, as is al-
1605 fo Pekin? and Leaotung, but thefe are
reckoned before upon the Sea, and fo is
Tun--,mrh which on one fide Borders oil
the Kingdom of Tunm n. Thefe Pro-
vinces are call’d Peking Nanking now
caSfd Kiam-nam, Xanfi"Xantung, Honan,
Xenfi, M i a n , h m & U * * *
Foklan Quanta™, Ouamfi, Yunnan, Quei-
chicu ’ and the"’ Country o f Leaotung,
which might well deferve the Name o f
a Province, but the Cbinefes place it un-
der the Province o f Xan ting. The Pro-
vinces that Border on foreign Nations,
axes Pekin? Xanft, Xenfi, Sucbuen, Tun-
nan andfo tia m j. So tLtC luverius, who
Afiigns 18 Provinces to China was mif-
inform’d for the Kingdoms o f Tuncjuin
and Cochinchina, which he reckons as
Provinces o f China, are no way Subjeft
to it and tho’ they were under it fome
few Years, they have been a long time
P v _mnf |rom ;ts lurifdiftion. There
MandS’ feveral Iflands depending on China at
the great and little Lieu- kieu - Taivan,
which the Portuouefes call Formofa-, H ai-
u- , L whirh is feated the Ci-
molt Point, and abundance o f other in-
^ habited and defert Iflands. T he King-
dom o f Corea is not an lfland near China,
?. Cluverius imagins, but a vaft Promon-
tory joining to the Continent, and run-
n:nI out from North to South. Nor is
ning out trot de k in his
a Citadel fo large, and fo
w f f o S - d l t e S by A r f a S Nature,
that it may vie with the bell in E n ro ll
It is built upon the Continent, near the
Sea, between the Province of Peking,
anThheew?i?d Plac s ^ n 'K n i g h t y Em-
o i r T 0 tS^Num ber of 4 ? o 2 % n d
d vided into twoClafics, the Civil and
Military. T o the civil Clafs belong 20+5
M iiitaiy Cities o f the
fir'll Rank which the Cbinefes call Fu-,
of the fecond Rank, called Cheu -,
7«« r i ies cTll’d H ien - 20 < Royal
cheu, Quamfi, and Suchuen, which pay no
Tribute to the Emperor, but are Subjeft
a particular abfolute Princes and Lords
o f their own. Moll o f thefe Cities are
fo hemnfd in by high Mountains, and
ftecD Rocks as I f Nature had ftudy’d to
% , S yet within W e
u;
J 3 4 *>
<SL
Mountains there are Plains fcveral Days
Journey over, in which there are Cities
o f the firft and fecond Rank, and many
Tow ns and leifer Places The g
cal) thele Lords Tufe, or that is,
Mandarines o f Countries, becaufe be-
lieving there is no Emperor in the W orld
befides him o f China, they imagin there
™ 110 < * % P" nCCS’
whom their Emperor Creates. T he Sub-
jefts o f thefe Lords with the Cbinefes
fpeak the Chinefc Language, but have an-
other peculiar lon gue to themfelves.
Their Culloms differ out little from hofe
o f the Cbinefes-, and they aie like them
in Shape and Countenance, but only aie
Braver. The Chmefes fear them, for ha-
ving, after feveral T rials of then Cou-
rage found them a vigoious Opposition,
they think fit not to difturb but to Trade
with them. So that there is no Qne.aon
to be made concerning the Number of
Cutes and Towns, as to its being greater
than what is mention d by F. M artin,
becaufe we here include thofebelonging
to thofe petty Princes, whole Dominions,
tho’ not Subject to the Empei , ,
are in the nudft ot his Empne, in the
four abovemention’d Provinces ; as are
alfo the Cities and Towns of the Coun
try o f Leaotung, and the Province: o f
Yunnan, wmch the Chwefes, who are a-
bove meafure devoted to their Forma-
lines, do not mention in their genera
Number, but in pat ticular Catalogues.
The Cbinefes have printed an Itinera- Travel-
rium, or Book of all the Roads and W ays ling,
b , Laud aud W ater from to the
rcmotefl Parts o f the Empir e. i he M an-
darmtt, who go from Couit to their
/ a^V the d“ fta“ e»
0 ^ 1 2 tile le flg h o f every Days
Journey in this Book all. the Royal
Roads of the Empire are divided into
114 5 Days, to every one o f which there
is a Place, where the Mandarines are
lodg’d, and treated at the K in gs E x -
pence, when they go to take I dlellion
o f their Employs j but when they return
becaufe there t ie an
pefted with as much Care and V gilancy,
us if they were upon
an Arm y o f Enemies. Ot thele t laces
there'are 735 within the Cities of the
firfl and fecond Rank, and liuhe Towns,
frontier Places and Caltles ™ h m .th .
I
. • /
IP
>42 A Voyage round the W O R L D.
“ J \ y i Empire , 105 in thofe they call Te, and
Gtmdii. 103 in the Places call’d Cm«. Both o f
1695. thrm were formerly Built, where there
were no Cities i and may be call’d Towns
o f the fecond Rank, being all o f them
wall’d, and each of them having a M m -
ta in t to Govern it and there are o f
them larger, and more populous than
Lome Cities, and Towns. The others to
the Number of 10 2, tho’ not wall’d are
large and populous.
A Day before the Mandarine lets out,
there goes a MelTenger with a ftnall T a-
blet, w hich the C h in e fe s call Pa/, on which
is writ that Mandarin1s Name, and Of-
fice, and the ImprelTion of his Seal tin-
der'it. As foon as this is feen, the Pa-
lacc where he is to Lodge is clean’d and
triade ready, and the Preparations are
greater or ’lefs according to the Quality
o f theGueft, and fo the Pro villous, Ser-
vants, Horfes, Chairs, Litters or Boats,
i f he is to go by W ater, and all other
Things they may have occalion for. In
thefe Inns, or Houles of Entertainment
are receiv’d after the fame manner in
Proportion to what they are, all other
Perfons, as well Chinefes as Strangers, to
whom the King grants this Favour. Here
alfo the King’s Mdlengcrs, or E x p r e s s
are furnifh’d with what they want to
Haft-e on in their Journey ; beating a
Furlong or two, before they come to the
Houfe, a Bafon call’d Lo, which they
carry hanging at their Backy upon the
hearing of which Sound the Horfe is pre-
feritly Saddled for him to Change, fo
that he makes no Stay.
Military The Military Clalscontains, 629 great
Voftl Fortreffes o f the firfV Rank, as well on
the Frontiers to ferve as Keys, o ra De-
fence againft the Tartars, as on the Bor-
dets o f Provinces againft Robbers and
Rebels. The Chinefes rail them Quart \
and that of Kam-hai abovenritition d, is
o f this Number. There are 567 o f the
fecond Rank, call’d Unci in the Language
o f the Country. The Place F. M artin
in tiis Allas calls Tim-clnm Guci, fignify-
ing the Fortrefs o f the Country o f Hea-
ven, is of this Number, and by it. a
Judgment may he made o f the other For-
treifes o f the fecond Rank. There are
3 1 1 Forts of tie third Rank call’d So)
300 of the fourth, call’d Chin, whofe
Name and Signification is the fame as
that o f thofe o f the fifth Order o f the
civil Clafs 3 and 150 o f the fifth Rank
call’d Pao. There are iqo Forts o f the
jixch Rank call’d S«, and Liftly 300 o f
the feventh Rank call’d Cbai. Thefe laft
are o f feveral forts, fom; in the Coun-
: - m
IP
@
L
Book II.
try, which ferve as Places of Refuge to
the Pcafants, when the Tartars, Rob-
bers, or Rebels infeft the Country, as
alfo when the Emperor’s Arm y is upon
its March. Others are uponlteep Moun-
tains, to which they go up by Steps cut
in the Rock, or by Ladders o f Ropes,
or W ood to be taken away, and thefe
have no Wall about them, as not ftand-
ing in need of any. Others are alfo up-
on Mountains, but have a Path-way to
them, and thefe have a double or tieble
W all to defend the Entrance, Now rcck-
ning all together it appears there are
2357 Military Pofts, which added to
thofe o f the civil Clafs make 4402. Be-
hides all this there are within and with-
out the great Wall which parts China
from Tartary 3000 Towers, call’d Tai,
every one of which has its proper Name,
and in thefe there are Guards and Cen-
duels, who give the Aiarm, as foon as
they difeover an Enemy, making a Sig-
nal in the Day with a Flag they hoifl up
orr the T o p o f the Tow er, and at Night
with a great lighted Torch. If thefe
Tow ers he added to the Number o f the 4
Military Places, as the eigtuivXank o f
them, they will in all make 5357.
It is 150 Years fince a Mandarine o f
the fupreme Council of W ar, compos’d
a Book, which he Dedicated to the Em-
peror, and calls it Kieuyien-tm xtr, that
is, a practical Defcription o f the nine
Frontiers, meaning the nine Quarters,
or Diftrifts into which he had divided
the great Wall,- which encloies part o f \
China for 405 Spanifh Leagues, according
to the common Computation, making
23 Degrees and ten Minutes from Eaft
to W eft from the City Caiyewi, leated in ,
the utmoft part o f the Country o f Leao-
titng, to that o f Canjo, ovCan-che.i in the
very Borders of. the Province o f Xenfi,
which is to be tinderftood in a ftiaic
Line, for if we follow the windings of
the Mountains and the Wall, it will cer-
tainly hold out to 500 Spanijh Leagues. In
the fame Books all the mountainous Pla-
ces that are. inacceflible are deferib’d,
and 129 other Carts/hews there muft be
13 2 7 great and fmall Forts to hinder
the Tartars palling. Had not the Chine-
fes been Carelefs, Cowardly, Covetous,
and Difloyal to their Kings, the Tartars
could never have pafsxl the W all, nor
get within the Fortrefles which were fo
conveniently difpos’d in proper Places,
and foftrong either by Art or Nature y
fo that as appears by antient Hiftories,
and by what has hapned in our own
Tim es, the Tartars never entred Chinay
but
.
CP ■ <SL
Cbap. VI. Of C H I N A * 543
fV A - O but when either the Treachery o f the Computation o f a grave Author contains Number
Cemelli, Soldiers, or the Avarice o f the Com- eleven Millions five Hundred, and two of People
1696. manders made way for them, they re- Thoufimd eight Hundred and feyenty in c!:‘n,<-
V Y V ceivlng half the Booty every time they two Families, or H oules■, without in­
let in the Enemy j till at length thofe eluding in this Number, Women, Chil-
Traitors have put the richeft and molt dren, Beggars, Mandarines in Employ-
populous Kingdom in the W orld into ment, Soldiers, Batchelors, Licentiates,
the Hands of a fmall Number o f Sava- ' Dodfors, Mandarines above Age, alfPer-
chhufe ges, and Barbarians. In this lame Book fons that Live on the Rivers, llstnz.es, F. Couplet,
Forces, is mention’d the great Number o f Sol- Eunuchs, and all thofe that are o f the P* lo6>
diers, who kept Guard on this Frontier, Blood Royal, becaufe only thole are
which were nine Hundred aod. two Thou- Pol’d who T ill the Land, or pay 'faxes
land and Fifty four. T he Auxiliary • to the King. There are in the Empire
Troops reforting thither when the Tar- according to the fame Author, fifty nine
tars attempted to break into the King- Millions (even Hundred eighty eight
dom were innumerable, and there were Thoufand three Hundred and Sixty four
three Hundred eighty nine Thoufandone Men. T he Number o f all the liihabi-
Hundred and Sixty feven Horfes always tants, or Souls, without excluding any
in a readinefs for them, according to Age, Sex, or Condition, if we w illCre-
the fame Author’s Computation, who die F- Daniel Banoli, makes three Hun- f l r’ 3‘
reckons the Charge the Emperor is at dred Millions, three times the Number \‘24
Yearly for the Pay o f Officers and Sol- there is in all Europe. But becaufe this J s*
diets to amount to the fum o f two MU- Father allows more,to the whole than it
lions and T hirty lour Thoufand Leans, has, and takes from the parts and prin-
at fifteen Carlines o f Naples each, which cipal Cities,diminilhing their reai Nutn-
is ja il a Noble a Lean: By what lias been her, there is no relying on his Account,
laid o f the Number o f Soldiers appoint- for his lira age Exaggeration will not
ed to Guard the Wall and Frontiers a- fute with the multitude o f fmall Places,
gainft the Tartars, it is eafy to guefs at Having endeavour’d diligently to clear
the Number o f thofe kept on the Co«r this Point with the Fathers o f his Soci­
eties o f the federal Provinces, and in ety, I found not ope that agreed with
the Cities,*'roOms, and other wall’d Pla- him, nor did any o f the Miflioners o f
ceso f the Kingdom, there being no Place other Orders, wiio having liv ’d there
without fame Garrifon. They rx k o a fome twenty, and fome thirty Years,
feven Hundred fixty feven Thoufand nine know more o f it than F. SartoU could do
Hundred and fixty, who in time o f Peace by hear-fay •, becaufe they are contiuu-
Guard and Attend during the Day the ally Converfing with Mandarines, and
Mandarines, AmbalTadors, and others great Men, who thoroughly know this
who are Lodg’d at the King’s Expence, Matter, as numbring the People to re-
and at Night keep Guard near their Boats ceive the Imperial T ax. The grcatelt
and Quarters, and when they have gone difference 1 found in the Accounts given
one Days Journey they return, and others me, during the time I flay’d in China,
take their Place. The Horfes the Em- was o f five Millions, fome telling me
peror maintains for his Forces in the the whole Empire contain’d an Hundred
Garrifons amount to five Hundred fixty ninety five Millions, and others that they
four Thoufand nine Hundred, and as well had found two hundred Millions in the
thefe Souldiers as Horfes, are always Chinefe Books, which difference may well
kept on F o o t: But where there is any happen in counting with two or three
W ar or Rebellion, the Forces that Ran- Years interval. T o make what has been
devouz from all the Provinces arealmoft here faid the plainer, 1 think it will not Pafr I05*
innumerable. be amifs to Infert the Particular, as it is
The Realm o f China, according to the found in F. Couplet, and is as follows.

■. i v: i i 1

Province,

I . k ;U <C
■V . . l. , ; .• i ... „ . ,, •„
fd)5 ' %l
^ Voyage round the W O R L D . Book 11.
< x / ~ ^ * ______ 1 ------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------
Gemelli. Metro-
1 696. Provinces politan Cities Families, Men
t/W > Cities

1 Pekin? 8 135 4*8989 345^’ 54

2'Xanfi 5 589659 5° 840 i 5
fX en Ji 8 107 8 310 513934176
4!Xantrng 6 91 77°555 6759685
fHonan 8 100 589296 5106270
6 Suchuen 8 12 4 4 6 4 129 2204570
7 Huquam 15 108 5136 8 6 483359 °
8 Kiantf 13 67 1363629 6549800
9 Nanking, or
Kiamnan 14 HO 1969816 9967429
I o;Chekiang xi 63 12 4 2 13 5 45 2 547 °
II \Fokien 8 48 509200 1802677
12 Quantang 10 73 483360 1978022
1 3 Ouamfi 11 99 18 6 7 19 1054760
i^tunan 22 84 1329 58 14 3 3 1°°
t^Queicheu 8 10 453°5 2 3 13 6 5
~—■ ——»—1— 1———» ........
|T otal | 155 | 13 12 (10128789 1 58916783

There are alfo reckoned iu the Em- lies they belong to, meet in theft Halls
pire 3636 Men Renowned, and Illuftri- and Proftratethemfelves on the Ground,
Women ous, for their Virtue, Learning, Valour, in token of Love and R efped, offering
* or other -cmarkable Qualities. There Incenfe to them, and making a Splendid
are 208 Virgins and W idows, remark- Entertainment, in which there are feye-
able for their Chaftity, or other Heroick ral Tables well cover d ,a n d fill d with
A<ffs, and Celebrated in the Chincfe abundance o f well drefs d Meat in great
Books, and in their Temples, and In- Order.
fcription. The Famous Antient Statues are to Statues,
There are 185 MaufoleumsFamous for the number o f 2099, befides Paintings, Monu. ’
M&ufole- strufiure, and Riches, for it is forbid in and other Celebrated W orks of that ments,n -
um‘ China under fevere Penalties to carry the Nature, 1 1 5 9 T o w e rs, Triumphal braries,
Dead into any City, but they may be re- Arches, and notable Monuments, in Rwers,
mov’d from one Province to another, Honour o f Kings and Men in vogue■ » n s ,
keeping without the Walls. 272 Libraries we 1 adorn d, and ftor d taiHS>
There are 480 Idol Temples o f Re- with Books. The great Rivers and
Temples no anc] much refortcd to, as well on Fountains o f note, for hot and Medici-
a"d Bon' account o f their Majcfty, and Wealth, nal Waters are 1472. There are alfo
* as for the pretended Miracles wrought 2099 Mountains, rendred Fruitful by
at them. W ithin thefe and other Tem - their many Springs, and lingular for Pa-
ples of the Empire, there live above 3 fture, and the excellent Minerals they
hundred and fifty thoufand Bonz.es. produce,and no lefs for their great height gcb00is.
Befides throughout the Kingdom, are T he Schools, and Publick Struatires
TVmnit*c to be feen 709 Temples, ereded by the erefted in Honour of Confucius, the great
rempies. at feveral timeSj in Memory o f Philofopher o f that Empire are as ma-
their Anceftors, and remarkable for ny as the Cities. It is no eafy matter to bcn01,MS*
their Beauty andStrufture. It is thecu- reckon the vaft number o f Scholars, but
ftom among the Chimfes to exprefs much the Batchelors are above 90000. Be- palace5>
love to their Parents after their Death * fides 32 Palaces belonging to Petty
and to make it appear they build Stately Kings, there are others in all Places, for Bridges.
Halls with great charge, in which in- the great Officers of the Kingdom, ac-
ftead of Statues, they place Infcriptions, cording to their dignity. And to con-
with the Names o f their Anceftors. Up- elude, there are in the Empire 231 Fa-
on certain days in the Years, the Fami- mous Bridges.

CHAP.

■ * »
I4 ,

/ . ' , . : '• , ' '

* *

s3 U
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yf. / ■

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t(f)|
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CHAP.
O f the notable Government, o f the Empire o f China, the fever at degrees o f
Mandarines, and o f fix Supreme Courts, or Councils o f the Learned^ or
Gmn-Men, and fix of the Souldiers, or M ilitary Men.
f s j v ^ o ( T M U N A deferves great Coramen- '
Gemelli. V j dation for its excellent G o vern -
16 9 6 . ment. O f the three Sedts or Religions
U T V follow’d there, that o f the Learned, is
the firft and Antienteft, and its Princi-
pal end, is the good Governm ent o f the
Kingdom , upon which Subjeft they have
w rit a great number o f Books, and Com-
meats upon them. Confucius in his time
w rit a T reatife upon this matter, and
call’d it Chum-yum, that is, the Golden
M ean, where he folidly teaches, that a
good King is to have nine Qualities, for
the well Governing of his Subje&s, which
if hePra&ifes, he will make his Reign
Immortal. . fes them as he thinks fit, among the M an-
_ The Mandarines of the Empire, are
divided into nine dalles, and every Clafs
dames, into nine Degrees. As for inftance they
fay, fuch a Mandarine is of the fecond
Degree, of the firft or fecond Oafs ;
or he is a Mandarine of the firft Degree,
of the firft, fecond or third Clafs. This
diftinftion fignifies nothing bat a meer
Title” uf‘ ‘Honour the Kings have be-
ftow’d on them, without any regard to
their Employments; for tho’ the M an-
darines be of a higher or inferiour Rank,
according to the Dignity ot their Offices,
yetthisis no general Rule; for fometinies
to reward one Man’s Merit, whofe
charge us’d to be executed by one of an
Infer iour Rank, the King Honours him
with the Title of M andarine, of the firft,
or fecond Clafs; and on the contrary
to Punilh another, whofe Poft belongs to
thofe of a Superior Clafs, he fomtiemes
put him down to be M andarine of a low-
erRank. The Knowledge, Diftin&ion
and Subordination of thefe Orders are
fo perfeft, the Submiffion and Venerati-
on of the Inferiour to the Superiour, and
tbe Authority of the latter, over the
others fo great; and in ffiort the King’s
Power oyer them all, is fo abfolute, that
there is nothing to compare to it in our
Government, either Civil, or Ecclefia-
ftical.
Firft De- The Mandarines of the firft Clafs, are
greet Counfellors of His Majefties Council o f
State, which is the gr.eateft Honour, and
Dignity, a Learned Man can rife to in
the Empire. They have feveral Honou-
rable Titles, as N ui co, Colao, Caifiam ,
Suam-Cnm, Siam m e, and others, figni-
Vol. IV.
k *
<SL
N a T 345:
VII.
fying AflTeflbrs, Affiftants, and Supreme
Counfellors to the King. T here are in
the R oyal Palace, feveral Halls for them
o f a Stately Stru&ure. When the K in g
will do any o f thefe Counfellors a fpecial
Honour, he gives him the Name o f one
o f thofe Chambers, as for Example that
o f Cbumkietien, fignifying, the Supreme
Chamber in the m iddle; this new T i-
tie being immediately added to his Name 5
and he is call’d fuch a Counfellor or Kc~
laa, Supreme Chamber in the middle,
There is no certain number of thefe
Counfellors, but they are more, or few-
er, at the Emperors Pleafurc, whochoo-
darbies o f other Courts. There is al-
ways one call’d Xeuftam, who is chief of
them, and the King’s Favourite. This
is the Supreme Council, or Court in the
whole Kingdom, and kept in the Palace
on the leftHand of theSupretne Chamber,
where the Emperor gives Audience,
Where it is to be obferved, that the
left Hand among the Chinefes, is the moft
Honourable, as it was among the Greeks
and other Nations ; which puts me in
mind, that I have feen fome Antient
Grecian Piftures, on which S. Peter was
Painted on the left, and S. Paul on the
right, the firft having the preference as
head of the Church. This Court is
call’d N'ui yuen, and is compos’d of three
Ranks o f Mandarines, the firft is that of
the Emperors Counfellors already men-
tion’d, who have it in Charge to Perufe,
Examin and Judge of all Petitions pre­
fented to His Majefty by the fix gr eat
Courts, of which we fhall Treat next,
upon all the moft Important Affairs of
the Kingdom. When they are come to
a R eflation, they prefect it to the Em-
peror in Writing, who either confirms
or cancels it, as he thinks fit. Thofe
of the 2d Rank, or Clafs, are as it were
Afleflors, or Affiftants to the King’s
Counfellors, cbofen out of the 2d, or
3d Clafs of Mandarines, whence they
often rife to be the King’s Counfellors.
The Title is T a h io f, that is, Learnd
Men of great Knowledge. This Title
is alfo given to Counfellors, on whom
the Emperor bellows others more lofty,
as Tai-cu-tai, that is, The Princes great
Governour, or Cai-tu-cai-fu, Great Ma-
X x fter

f(fj)
/4 Voyage round the W O R L D.
r v jv ^ fter to the Prince, and the like. T h e
Gemelli. 3d Rank of this Court, is call’d Chum-
1 696. Xttco, that is, Clafs, or School o f M an-
darines ; thefe write, orcaufeto be writ
the bufinefs o f the Court, on whom the
Emperor bellows Titles, according to
the Chambers they are employ’d in.
T h ey are generally o f the 4th, 5th, or
6 th Clafs of Mandarines, and are much
look’d upon, becaufe they have charge
of all Sure?, and Writings, by reafon
thcy may give or take away, all a Man
has depending on the Sute, by only a
Word of a double meaning, and fome-
times by a fingle Letter. Befides thefe
there is a vaft number of Clerks, Sollici-
tors, and Supervifors.
Eleven Befides this Sovereign Court or Coun-
great cil here mention’d, there are eleven o-
1 Coarts. ther great Courts, among which the Em.-
peror of China, divided all the affairs of
his Empire 2000 Years before Chrift ;
and thefe fame continue ftill. Six of
them belong to the Learned Mandarines,
or Gown-Men, call’d Lo-pu, and fix to
the Military Mandarines, or Swordfmen,
call’d V-fu. The Power of thefe Courts
was extraordinary great, and unlimited,
in fo much, that it might reafonably be
fear’d , left fome one of them Ihould
make ufe of its Authority, to ftir up a
Rebellion ; and therefore the Wifdom
of the Chinefe Emperors, has fo regula-
ted their Bufinefs, that no one of them
can determine any affair committed to
it,without the Concurrence of the others,
Within the Palace of every one of thefe
fix Courts, there is always a Chamber,
or Apartment appointed for a M anda-
vine, call’d Coll, that is, Supervifor, or
Examiner, who in Private and Publick,
Examines all that is tranfaded, and if
he finds any Error, prefently acquaints
the Emperor with it. This Mandarine
is neither Subjed, nor Superior to his
Court, but only a Cenfor of their Pro-
ceedings, as was us’d among the Romans,
In China thefe Men are call’d Mad Dogs,
becaufe they are continually biting, by
the ill Offices they do.
rrefidents The firft Prefidents of thefe fix Courts,
are of the firft Degree of the 2d Clafs
of Mandarines, and are call’d Xam-z.uo-
li-pH-xam-xu,that is, firft Prefident of the
Court of Ceremonies,and foof the others,
Each of thefe Prefidents has 2 Afielfors,
the firft of which is call’d Tfo-xil-am ,
that is, Prefident of the left hand ;
and the other Teu-xi-Um , that is, Prefi-
dent of the right, and thefe are of the
firft Degree, of the 3d Clafs.
Thefe fix Courts, are feated, accord-
* it 8
- /n
■ <SL
Book II.
ing to their D ignity, near the Imperial * Civil
Palace on the Eaft fide, being great V-WUKS"
fquare Structures, with three D m lions
ot Courts and Apartments •, for the
convenience o f fo many as belong to
th em , the Emperor daily providing
their Dinner, that they may not be
oblig’d to go home to their Houfes,
and may difpatch bufinefs with more
Expedition.
The method of Proceedings in thefe Theirrne-
Courts is thus. When any Man has a thod of
Sute, he writes it down on a Paper of F ° ceed'
filch form and Size, as is fix’d by Cuftom, 5 '
which he carries into the Palace of the
Court, and there beats a Drum, which
is at the fecond Gate, then kneeling and
lifting up the Paper or Petition with both
Hands as high as his Head, it is taken
from him by an Officer, who conveys
it to the Mandarines of the great Cham-
ber, and they to the Prefident, or in his
abfence to his Afielfors, who having
read it,Approve or Rejed it,as they think
fit. If Rejeded, they fend it back to
him that prefented it, caufing him often
to be well beaten for having propos’d
an unreafonable Thing. If they Ap-
prove of it, the Prefident fends it back
to the Inferior Court, that they may Ex­
amine the Caufe and Report tfijjir Opini-
ons. When this Court has Examin’d
and Adjudg’d it, they fend it back to
the firft Prefident, who gives the Sen-
fence, adding to, taking from, or con­
firming theDecifion of his InferiorCourt.
If the Matter be of high Concern, he
orders the faid Court to draw it up in a
Memorial, which having Read with his
Afielfors, he remits to the Revifor M an-
darine before mention’d, and he refers
it to the Supream Court of the Counfel-
lors of State, who Examines the Caufe,
and acquaints his Majefty with it, who
for the moft part orders the Court to
Examine it again. Then the Counfel-
lors of State fend back the Memorial to
the Revifor, who having feen the King’s
order, returns it to the firft Prefident.
He caufes it to be Examin’d again, and
when broughc to him again returns it to
the Revifor; he to the Counfellors of
State, and they to the Emperor,who then
gives the final Sentence. This Decree
returns the fame way to the firft Preli-
dent, who notifies it to the Parties con-
cern’d , and then the Sute is ended,
When the Caufe is any of thofe the
Courts of the Provinces fend up to Court,
it is Direded Seal’d to the King’s
Infpedor or Revifor ; who opens and
Reads it, and then fends it to the firft
Prefi-
 -- 'CV\ /^ t

(fill) <SL
K J* - a

Chap. V 1L Of C H I N A ~ ~ ^
C s J^ S * Prefident, who proceeds as has been it is here to beobferv’d tbattlio’ in China
Cemelli. laid. _ there are i< Provinces, yet in the Pub-
1696. Did the Mandarines in T rials and lick Records, and their common way o f
C 'V 'O Dedilons o f Affairs do their Duty fpeaking, they are call’d 14 Provinces,
according to the Laws and the King’s and one Court, becaufe, lay the Chi-
Dcfign, China would-be the happieft nefes, the Courtrefides. commands,and
Country in the W orld, and the belt G o - is not fubjedt, and therefore is not to be
vern’d but as great obfervers as they reckoned in the number o f the other Pro-
are of outward Formalities, they are in- vinces. Hence it is that among the Sn-
wardly no Ids Malicious, Hypocritical, preme Courts, there is never an Inferi-
! and Cruel. Their Frauds and Artifices our one for the affairs o f the Province
arefo numerous, it would take much o f Peking, but the fir ft Prefident refers
time to recount them, there being fcarce them, as he thinks fit, to one o f the In-
any Mandarine free from Avarice and feriour Courts appointed for the Provin-
Corruption; fo that they do not confi- ces. Thus the Supreme Court o f Ex-
der the Juftice or Injuftice o f the Caufe, chequer, has within its Palace on both
but who gives molt Mony or the belt ftdes, 14 Subaltern Courts, which bear
Prefents, thinking o f nothing but fatis- the Names of the Provinces they areap-
fying their vileCovetoufnefs, likefom a-^ pointed for. During the Reign o f the
ny ravenous Wolves. " Family before this now Ruling, there
The ift T h e firft of thefe fix Courts is call’d were reckoned 13 Provinces, and two
Court. Lt-fu-, its Bufinefs is to furnilh all the Courts, becaufe the City o f Nankin*
Kingdom with Mandarines, and to Exa- was a Court, as well as that o f Peking\
mine their Merits and Demerits, to re- and had the fame fix Supreme Courts,
prefent them to the King that they may and all others, that are now in the Court
be prefer’d to better Polls, or put back o f Peking but the Tartars took away its
into meaner, as a Reward or Punifh- T itle o f a Court and all its Tribunals,
ment. Within its Palace there are four and have chang’d its very Name, caX-
Courts. The iff, is call’d Ftn-feven-fu, ling it the City o f Kiam-nim, and the
that is, The Court that judges o f tliofe Province Kiam-nm, Names it had for-
that are Ouglify’d and Learned enough merly.
‘ to be "Mandarines: The id, Ceo-cum-fu, T h e 3d Court is call’d Lt-pu, and has 3d Court,
which Examines the good or bad G o- the Infpedion into Ceremonies, Rites,
vernment o f Mandarines: The 3d, N ien- Sciences and Arts. It has charge o f the
fam -fu, which has the care o f Sealing Emperor’s Mufick, o f Examining Sm­
all publick A ils, to give the Seals to all dents, and giving them Right to be ad-
Maiidarines according to their Poll, and mitted to the Examination of the Learn-
to Examine whether the Seals o f the ed ; o f Judging o f the Titles and Ho-
Dilpatches they bring or fend be True or nours the Emperor will bellow on Per-
Counterfeit: The 4th Khiun-fu, which fonsof M erit; o f the Temples, and o f
has the charge o f Examining great Lords the Sacrifices the Emperor offers to the
as petty Kings of the Blood-Royal, Sun, Moon, Heaven, Earth, and to his
• Dukes and others, whom the Chincfes Anceftors. It orders the Entertainments
call H an chin, that is, Anticnt Vaffals; the Emperor gives to his Subject or
who are honourable for their great Ser- Strangers, and the Receiving, Prefent-
vices perform’d in War, when the Fa- ing, and attending his Guefts, and Am-
raily now Reigning conquer’d the Em- baffadors, and has full Power over Arts
pire. and Mecbanicks, and in fine over the 3
2d Court. T h e 2d Sovereign Court is call'd Hu- Religions profefs’d in the Empire,wherc-
' pu, which lignifies the Kings great T rea- o f the iff is that o f the Learned; the
fury or Court o f Exchequer. It has 2d. o f Taoft or the marry’d Bonz.es; and
the Management o f all the Treafures, the 3d. o f the Angle Bonus. By this
Revenues and Taxes, as alfo o f the Ex- Court the Fathers, John Adams, Luis
pences. It pays out the Penfiorts, and Buglio, Ferdinand Ferbieft, and Gabriel
the Quantities o f Rice, Pieces of Silk, Aiagalbaens were Imprifon’d with nine
and Sums o f Mony the Emperor bellows Chains on their Feet. This Court has
on petty Kings, great Lords, ,/and M an- 4 Courts under it. The ill. is call’d
darines o f the Empire. It keeps the Rolls Y-chi-fu, that is, The Court o f Matters
or Mullers taken very exadly every Year o f Moment, as for Inllance, o f the T i-
• ofall the Families, Honfes, o f all the Men, ties o f petty Kings, Dukes and great
o f the Surveys o f the Land, o f the Duties Mandarines: The id Su-cbi-fu, or the
it is to pay, and o f all the Cuftoms. And Court that infpefls the Emperors Sacri-
Vol. IV. X x 2 fices,

E.V /'* •, * ' > / , ' ■ * ./ , ' \ '

> : \l Vt(1
|S 1
/f> — xV \
0^g ^ Voyage round the W O R L D.
fices, the Temples7 ~the M athem atics,
iM . and the three Religions: The 3d, Cto-**-
i 5 o5 fa which Receives and Attends theKing s
✓ V N ) Guefts, whether Sablfefts or Strangers:
T he 4th, Chim-x-en-xn, to take care o f
Entertainments given by the Emperor.
W hilft the Chinefes had the Power in
their Hands, learned Men were chofen
to fill thefe Courts; but atprefent there
are Tartars appointed, who do every
thins in this and the other Courts, the
Chinefe Minilters being like dumb Sta-
tues- thus they fuffer the Punifhment
due to their Pride at the Hands of rude
ignorant Barbarians. T h o’ the name o f
this Court looks like that o f the firft,
vet there isa great deal o f difference ac-
cording to the Chinefe w ay o f fpeaking,
for the Characters o f the firft Syllable,
L i are not alike, and the Pronunciati-
on*differs very much. The firft is pro-
nounced railing the Voice and founding
it fhrill, as we mark it with an acute Ac-
cent L t, and on the contrary in the fe-
cond the Voice is let fall, as if it were
mark’d with the fiat Accent L). So
that in the firft L i fignifies Mandarine
and Pa Court, and both together Court
o f Mandarines. In the fecond L) (igni-
fies Rites and Ceremonies, and Pa being
added , Court of Ceremonies. This
double Meaning is not found among the
Tartars, who call the firft Court Hafan-
Xurvan, or Court o f Mandarines, Xur-
van lignifying a Court, and Hafan Man-
Marines ; and the other Toro-Xargan, or
Court of Rites and Ceremonies.
4thCourt. T he th sovereign Court is call’d
Pimpu, which has the Direction o f W ar
and Military Affairs through the whole
Kingdom. It Chnfes and Prefers all
Officers, diftributes them in the Arm y,
Fronticrs and Garrifons, and all parts of
China• Raifes and Exercifes Soldiers;
fills the Magazines with Arms Offen-
five and Defenfive, Ammunition and
Provilions, and with all thingsnecefTary
fo r the Defence of the Empire. W ithin
its Palace there are 4 Inferior Courts,
T h e 1ft is call’d n -fiv e * fa , which has
the charge of chafing and giving Pofts
to Military Mandarines, and o f Rxerci-
fine the Troops. T he 2d, Chefam-fn,
which has the care o f diftributing Men
and Officers throughout the Kingdom to
purfue Robbers, and fuprefs Rebellions,
T h e 3d, Che-kia-fu, which takes care o f
all the Emperors Horfes, as well thofe
on the Frontiers, and in confiderable
Garrifons, as o f the others that ferve for
Pofts; as alfo o f the W aggons and Boats
that ferve to carry Provilions and Soldi-
1 -
2 >\v
§L
Book 11.
ers. T h e 4th, * W / « , has charge o f
caufing all forts o f Arms Offenfive and
Defenfive to be made, and keeping them
ready in the Magazines. (thCourt.
T h e 5th SovereignCourt is call dtf«w-
which is the Criminal Court ot all
the Empire, it has Authority to punifh
all Crimes according to the Laws o f the
Empire. Y et Reafon, Law and Jullice,
are here fold, and he who gives molt has
the belt Caufe; this Nation fuffering it
felf to be fo led away by Avarice, that
it cannot be curb’d by fo many fevere
Punilhments as the Emperor inflicts on
thofe that are Convifted o f Corruption
and Bribery. _ . Punifh-
A ll the Courts in Peking examine the ment or
Offences o f thofe that are fubjeff to them Criminals,
on account o f their Employments; but
when the Crime deferves a grievous Pu-
nifhment, as Confifcation of Goods, Ba-
nifhment or Death ; then after acquaint-
ing the Emperor with it, they fend the
Procefs and Criminal to this Court which
gives the definitive Sentence. In the
Palace o f this Court there are 14 other
fubordinate to it, for the 14 Provinces of
the Empire, as was faid o f the fecond
Court. T he Praffice o f China differs
much from ours as to the diverfity o f
Punifhments, for we behead noble Per-
fons, but there the greateft'Difllonour
can be done a Man is to cut offhis Head.
VV hen the Emperor will fhow a great
Lord or Mandarine condemn’d to Death
a fpecial Favour, he fends him a Piece of
delicate fine Silk to be Strangled with.
It being therefore the Cuftom in China
to Strangle the Nobility, and Behead
the Commonalty ; when this happens the
Kindred buy the Head and Body of the
Executioner for an hundred, and fome-
times for a thoufand Pieces o f Eight, ac-
cording to their W ealth; looking upon
itasa greatdifgrace that the Body fhould
remain Unbury’d, becaufe this Punifh-
ment is attended with a prohibition o f
Burying the Body, yet the Executioners
run the hazard of it. Among other
Laws obferv’d by this Court, there is one
enaded by the antient K in g s; which is,
T hat when a Criminal deferves any Fa-
vour for fome rare Quality, or Excel-
lency in fome A rt (as is alfo appointed
by our Civil Law ,) the Execution is re-
fpited till the end o f the enfuing Au-
tum n; that he may enjoy fome Grace,
or general Pardon granted at the Birth,
or Marriage o f Princes, or extraordina-
ry Alteration, or Earthquake; all Prx-
foners being defeharg’d at fuch times;
fo that thofe who are R epn ev d, are ei-
ther
//y '°S>\
III
Chap. VII. Of C H I N A .
therfet at Liberty, or at leaft have their
Gemelli. Liberty and Hopes for fome Months.
1695. T h e fixth Sovereign Court is call’d
Carnpa, or the Court o f publick Works,
^thCourt- it has the care o f Building and R epair-
ing the Royal Palaces, the K in g ’s Tom bs,
| the Tem ples where they pray to their
Anceftors, and the others in which they
W orlhip Heaven, Earth, the Sun and
Moon: It has alfo charge o f Repairing
the Palaces o f all the Courts in the King-
dom, and thole o f all the great L ord s:
It is to look after the Tow ers, Bridges,
and all other neceflary W orks to make
the Rivers Navigable, and the Roads fit
to T ra vel. In its Palace there are four
fubaltern Courts. The firft call’d Ym-
xen-fa, whofe duty it is to examine and
form the Draughts o f all W orks that
are to be made. The fecond Ta-em-fu,
to whom is committed the providing o f
Arm s for the Fleets. The third Tu-xtri*
fa , takes care to make the R ivers and
Lakes Navigable, to level Roads, and
Build and Repair Bridges. T h e fourth
Clu-tien-fu, looks to the King’s Houfes
and Lands, which is lett out, and receives
the Rents.
, By what has been faid it appears that
andOffi- l ^e Sovereign Courts have under
rers of them 44 inferior Courts, which have all
tkeCourt*. their Palaces within the Precints o f the
% great one they depend on, with all ne-
cellary Chambers and Halls. Each o f
thefe 44 Courts has a Prelident and 12
Counfeliors, whereof four are o f the
firft degree o f the 5th Clafs o f M anda-
rines, four o f the fecond degree o f the
fame 5 th Clafs, and the other four o f the
6th Clafs. In the Court o f Exchequer
they are double the number, as alfo in
that o f Criminal Caufes9 every inferior
Court belonging to thefe having a Pre-
fident and 24 Counfeliors. Befidcs thefe
Mandarines in Employment, there arc
others who are o f no Clafs, and yet are
fuch only by Name, and after forae Years
Service, the Emperor puts them into
the eighth or ninth Clafs o f Mandarines.
A il thefe Courts have Clerks, Cryers
and other Officers, whom they fend in-
" ■> / to the Provinces. They have Tipftaves
to employ in the Palace, Meffengers to
carry their Orders, Jailers, Sergeants,
Catchpoles and others, who baftinado
Offenders, Cooks to drefs the Meat the
Emperor allows them every D ay , Ser-
vants to wait at T able, and a vaft num-
her o f ochers all kept by the Em peror:
T h e number here mention’d is to be tm-
derftood, as it was in the T im e o f the
Cimefe Emperors, under the Family be-
•ssi
s^\
<SL
349
fore this now Reigning, as Authors de~
liver it 9 for now they are all double, as
for inftance, the Court that had but l i
in all before, has now 12 Chinefts and
iz Tartars. Thefe are the fix Sovereign
Courts that go vern alRiW ^aod are fo fa*
njous in that Empire 9 but becaufe each o f
them of it fe lf would have been too Pow*
erful, the wife Emperors have lb fetled
them and order’d'their Bufinefs, regu-
fating all their Proceedings, thac none o f
them is abfolute in the Affairs' it has C og-
nilanceof, but they all depend one upon
another. A s for Inftance, T h e firft Pre *
fident o f the 4th Court , which is the
Court Martial, might have Rebell’d had
his Authority been Independant, becaufa
all the Troops in the Kingdom ate un­
der his Direction 9 but he has no Mony,
and after he has the Emperors Order he
muff have recourfe to the fecond Court,
which is that o f the Exchequer. T h e
Boats, W aggons, Tents, Arm s and o -
ther NeceHaries for a W ar depend on
the fixth Court, to which the fourth mult
have recourfe9 and laftly, the Horfes
are at the difpofal o f another feparate
Court, of which they muff be ask’d,
T h e Martial Mandarines make five Martial
Courts, call’d Vf'u, that is, five Gaffes Courts,
or Companies. T heir Palace is on the
right and weft fide o f the Emperors,
T h e firft is call’d H tk fk or Rear. T h e
fecond T j o f d o v left W ing. T he third
Tea fa , or right Wing. The fourth Cham
fa , or the main Body. T h e fifth Chitn
fa , or the Van. Thefe five Courts are
Govern'd by 15 great Lords, 3 in each
o f them, o f whom one is Prelident, and
the others Affeilbrs. All the 15 are o f
the firft Clafs o f Mandarines, but the
Prefidents are o f the firft degree o f this
Clafs, and the Afleflors o f the fecond:
T h ey have charge o f all the Officers and
Soldiers o f the Court. Thefe five Courts
are fubjed to a Sovereign Court, call’d
Jam tbim fu , that is, Court Martial, the
Prelident whereofis always a great Lord,
His Authority extends over the faid five
Courts, and over all the Officers and
Soldiers in the Empire , but for fear
left he Ihould make ill life o f fo great a
T ru ft, a learned Mandarine is appointed
his Aflelfor with the T itle o f Supream _
Regent, and two Royal Infpedors, who
have aaEye.upon all his Adttons. T he
number o f Mandarines is fo much in-
creas’d, both for the better Government,
as alfo to reward Subjects that deferv’d
well in Aflifting the firft King o f the
Family before this now Reigning , to
makehimfelf M afterof the Empire. And
certain-
m §l
350 ^ Fojwg* round the W O R L D.
rsJV ^ O certainly the predominant Paflion o f the
Gemelli. Chinefes is the delire o f Rule, wherein
1 696. they place all their G lory and Happi-
n efs; as may appear by an Anfwer giv-
en by a Mandarine to F. Matthew Riccio
di Macerata. This Father difcourfing
him concerning our Holy Faith and E-
p . ternal Blifs. Peace faith the Mandarine,
Saying of leave thefe Follies, your G lory and your
a Mauds- Blifs be all your own, who are a Stran-
rme. ger 5 for all my G lory and Happinefs
confifts in this Girdle and Habit o f a
Mandarine •, all the reft is nothing but
T a lk and W ords, which the W ind car-
ries away, and are things told but not
feen■, what we fee is the benefit or ad-
vantage o f Governing and Commanding
others. Gold, Silver, W ives and Con-
cubines, as alfo a numerousTrain, Goods,
Feafting, Diverfionsand all forts o f Hap-
H A P. VIII.
C
Of feveral other Courts in Peking, of the fifteen Provinces, and Cities of the
Empire of China.
iftCourt r T ’ H E o f thefe Courts is call’d
©fFeting. - L H an-hn-iyen, that is, a Garden or
G rove flouriflnng with Learning and
Sciences. This Court contains a great
number o f learned Mandarines o f preg-
nant W its divided into 5 ClalFes, and
making 5 Courts 5 being chofen by the
Emperor from among the new Dodors
that take their Degree every three Years
at Peking, for all the Licentiates o f the
Kingdom call’d K iu gin, that Men il-
luftrious in Learning, are examin’d for
13 Days together with all poflible R i-
gor, out o f which the Degree o f D od o r
is afterwards given to only three hun-
dred fixty fix, who have proved them-
felves theableft Men. The Members o f
thefe 5 Courts, are Teachers and Precep-
tors o f the young Prince, who is to fuc-
ceed in the Empire, whom they inftrud
in Virtue and Learning according to his
A ge. T hey write all whatfoever hap-
pens at Court or in the Empire, which
deferves to be tranfmitted to Pofterity.
T hey cotnpofe the general Hiftory o f
the Kingdom and other Books, and
they are properly the King’s Men o f
Learning, whom he chofes to be Colaos
and Counfellors j in Ihort, this Court is a
Royal Seminary. Thofe o f the firft
Court are o f the third rank o f M anda-
rines, thofe o f the fecond o f the fourth,
and all the other three o f the fifth.
Having fpoke o f the Examination o f
Licentiates and the Degree o f D odors,
MV
Book 11.
pinefs, Honour and Glory are the Con-
fequences o f being a Mandarine. This
is the Happinefs we covet, and which
we enjoy in our great and mighty Em-
pire, and not yours, which is asUnpro-
fitable as it is Invilible and Impofllble to
obtain. Thus fpoke that wicked Atheift.
There are other Mandarines o f none'
o f the nine ClalFes, call’d Fi-jo-lieu, that
is, unfetled Men. ' There are alfo 0-
thers call’d Fupin, that is, who find no
Clafs to fit them, becaufe their Merits
are fo great, that they lift them above
all Clafles and Degrees. Thefe are the
petty Kings, Dukes and Marquefes, who
govern in the 5 Courts Martial, eifeem-
ing the Dignity o f Dukes and Marquefes
which they have purchas’d by their great
Services above that o f Mandarines.
ic is proper to deferibe the manner how , ,
they arrive at the Degree o f Batchelors, i S L
which is conferr’d in the Cities, and to Degrees
that o f Licentiate given only in the Me- °
tropolitan Cities o f Provinces , as that
o f D odor is only at Peking. As for
the Batchelor’s Degree, which the Chi-
nefes call Siu-Zay, there is a Perfon ap-
pointed by the King in every Province
who goes from one City to another to
examine the Students, o f whom four or
five Thoufand come to be examin’d in e-
very City, according as they are more
or lefs Inhabited. They are thrice put
upon T ry a l by as many feveral Exami-
ners. The firft is by four antient Learn-
ed Men who refide in the Colleges o f
Confucius: The fecond is by the Magi-
ftrates o f the City, and only o f thofe
who were thought worthy o f it by the
fir ft Exam iners: T he third by the H u-
bio, or King’s Examiner, o f thofe few
that have pafs’d the fecond Trial. Thus
o f the Thoufands that at firft expos’d
themfelves to the hazard o f fo difficult
an Undertaking, only a few are at laft
admitted to the Honour o f Batchelorlhip ■
and fometimes they do not rife to thirty,’
all the reft being rejeded as Unworthy
and Incapable. Yet this does not dif- /
may thofe that are rejeded, or put them
by their Studies ; but being fpur’d
on by the Honour done to thofe that
receive the D eg ree, they return to
their Studies with more earmeftnefs,
to
111 ; .
—s \ \ v
Chap. VIII. Of C H I N A.
rxA X "> to appear again at the next Exam inati-
Cemtlli. on.
16 9 5. Afterw ards only the ableft o f thofe
that w ere graduated in the firft Exam i-
nation o f Batchelors refort to the fecond
for Licentiates, or M ailers, becaufe it is
very fevere. T hefe are promoted only
once in three Years in the eighth Moon,
which ufually happens in our September,
and this no where but in the 15 M etro-
politan Cities of Provinces, and fuch a
certain number prefixt, there being a-
bout i 50 in the two principal Cities o f
Peking and Nanking, and m o r e o r le fs in
the others down to an hundred. T h e
Em peror chufes 30 able Men to be E x -
aminers, o f whom two go into every
Province for that purpofe, and it is to
be perform ’d precifely on the 9th, 1 2th,
and i 5th D ay o f the 8th Moon. Thefe
Examiners call two others to their A lii-
ftance, for they would not be able to go
through fo much alone. In the mean
while the two Examiners fpeak with no
Body, to prevent any Jealoufy or Suf-
picion •, and they ftay till the ninth D ay
in the Morning to give all at once on a
fudden the Argum ent or T hem e they
are to W rite upon. T h is Examination
is perform’d in a Palace, about which
*■ there are final! Chambers with T ab les
and Chairs. When the Batchelors go in,
they are ftri& ly fearch’d to fee whether
they have any W ritin g about them, which
i f they had they would certainly be Ba-
ftonado’d, they being allow’d nothing
but white Paper, three Pencils, and an
Ink-horn. Having their Subjeft they are
to T rea t of, they are fhut into thefe lit-
tie Room s, and guarded that they may
not T a lk to one another. T h e Them e
given them to try their W its the firft
D ay, is four Sentences taken out o f the
vaft Number o f them in Confucius his
Books, that is, out o f three o f the four
counted moft Authentick among the Chi-
nefes; thefe are hung up at the four C or-
ners o f the Court in vaft black Letters
on white Paper. Upon them every one is
to frame a Difcourfe, not exceeding 500
Charadters, which are as many W ords,
O a the 1 2th D ay o f the Moon, three
feveral Points are propos’d, upon which
Judgment is to be given, to advife the
K ing by w ay o f Memorial. T h e laft
Day they defire three Cafes in civil and
et iminal A ffairs; either abfolving, con-
demning, or compounding between the
Parties, as i f they were giving Judg-
meat upon t-he Bench. T h ey Labour at
each o f thefe Examinations from break
o fD a y , till N ig h t; the Dinner for thofe
<SL
^7
in the C ourt being provided by the C ity,
and very light, that it may not dull the
W it. A t N ight the Compofitors fold
their Compoiitions, and deliver them to
People appointed to receive them, eve-
r y one Subfcribmg his Name. T h efe
Compoiitions are tranfcribed by C lerks,
and being afterwards compar’d with the
Originals, are deliver’d to the A HeHors
to judge o f the worth o f them, without
knowing the Authors, to prevent all C or-
ruption. Thefe pick out the b ell, dou-
ble the Number that is to be preferr’d,
and the tw o Examiners chufe one half
out o f them. Thefe Compoiitions be-
ing then compar’d with the Originals,
kept the mean while Lock’d up, the
Owners Names are Publilh’d, and they
thus receive the Degree o f Mafters, with
great Rejoycing, at the end o f the lame
eighth Moon. And becaufe the Tartars
by reafon o f their Ignorance could not
eafily pafs through thefe Examinations,
that they may have the D egree o f L i-
centiates to Capacitate them to be M an-
darines, the Em peror has in their behalf
brought up the T itle o f Kien-Sem , which
is bellow’d for Mony, confirming them
fo r ever in the D egree o f Batchelors,
and in a C apacity o f being M andarines.
T h e Court call’d Guercu-Kien, is the The
R o y a l School o f all the Em pire, which School of
has Care o f aH thefe Batchelors and Stu- d?15 Em*
dents, to whom the Emperor has grant- pire-
ed fome Privilege to make them equal
to Batchelors, as delivering the W ine to
the Em peror when he Sacrifices to Hea-
ven, the Earth, the Sun, Moon, or any
other well deferving Creature. T hefe
graduate Students, are o f fix forts, viz..
Cum -Sem , Quon-Sem, Nyen-Sem , Cum-
Sem, Kien-Sem , Cum-cn, who are ufual-
ly m arry’d to W omen o f the K in g ’s
Houlhold, to whom the K in g grants this
Favour, as alio upon account o f their
Fore-fathers Services, or upon occafion
o f publick Rejoycing.
T h e M andarines that belong to the Court
Court call Tucha-yuen, or Visitors and vifitors,
Cenfors o f the Court, and o f all theEm -
pire.- T h e Prefident is equal in D ignity to
the Prefident o f the fix Sovereign Courts ;
and accordingly is a M andarine o f the
fecond Clafs, and his firft AlfelTor o f the
third, and all the other M andarines,
whofe D ignity is very great, o f the fe­
venth Clafs. It is their D uty always to
have a watchful Eye over the Court and
all the Em pire, to caufe the Law s and
good Cuftoms to be obferv’d ; and the
Mandarines to obferve Juftice, punilh-
ing their Inferiors, and acquainting the
Em peror
iXb j
 (I)
w > ~ - Q \\
1^2 /4Voyage round the W() RLD.
f \ . A > l Em peror with t fc Faults o f their Equals,
G em dii. Every three Years they make a general
Villtation, fending r+ Vifitors through-
i S ' r s * out the Empire, one to every Province.
As foon as the Viktor enters the Province,
he is Superior to the V ice-R oy, and all
the Mandarines great and Email, and he
tries or ad s the Cenfor over them with
fuch Rigor and Authority, that the dread
the Mandarines have or him was the 0 1-
cafion o f that common Proverb in China,
L ae-xa, Kten-mao, that is, the Moufe has
feen the Car, and this not without Caufe,
for he can take away their Em ploy-
meats, and Ruin them. T he Villtation
ended, the Vifitors return to Court, with
every one half a Million given him by
the Mandarines, which they fhare with
the Prefident and his Affelfors, and then
give them and the Emperor an Account
o f their Villtation. For the molt part
they Accufe none but fuch M andarines,
whofe Injuftice, and other Crimes are fo
Publick that they cannot be conceal’d,
or the Poor one that could give them no
M any. T h is Villtation is call'd Tachai,
or the great and general Vifitatioo. T he
fame Court makes a fecond Vifitation
call'd Chm-chai, or middle Vifitation,
fending Vifitors to the nine Quarters o f
the Frontiers on the fide o f the great
W all, that divides China and Tartary.
I f rhofe that go the general Vifitation
make a great Advantage, or rather Steal
much: thefe out-do them amongft the
Dtftributers of Salt. T h e third Vifita-
tich is call’d Siaochai, or the little Vifi-
ration, and is made every three Months,
fending Vifitors fometimes unknown, and
in Difguife firft to one Province, or C i-
ty , and then to another, to receive pri-
vate Information againit fome M anda-
nwe “Famous for his ill Practices. Befides
thefe Vilitations the Court every three
Years fends a Vifitor call’d Hio-gtten in-
to every Province, and another call’d
f i.h u into every C ity , to Examin the
Batchelors, and Punifti their Infolencies
committed againft the People by abufing
their Privileges, and Punilh them Se-
verely. T o conclude, this Court, every
time it thinks fit fends a Vifitor, call’d
Shun-ho to make a Vifitation upon that
famous Canal we have fpoke o f elfe-
w },ere.
T h is Court is kept in a vaft Palace,
and has under it 25 inferior Courts, di-
vided into five C iaffes; and each o f the
five Courts has five Prefidents, andabun-
dance of Affeffors and inferior Officers,
who have particular Names, as has been
faid o f other Courts, that take care o f
■ " '
<SL
/S
t*flWM lP EW
Book1L
the welfare o f the C ity. Particularly
the two laft Ciaffes have the Charge o f
apprehending T h ieves, Malefactors and
Vagabonds, and to remit them to the
fuperior Courts ; to vifit the Streets and
Quarters ; and to go the Rounds, and
keep W atch at N ight. T h e Captains
o f Streets, or Headbouroughs are Sub-
jeft to thefe two C iaffes; lor every 12
Families have a Chief over them, call’d
Fatten, and over ten of thefe Pa,tens is
another Officer they call Tfum -Kia, whofe
Duty it is to acquaint the Court with
what is done within his W ard contrary
to Law , or good Manners, and to give
an Account o f all Strangers that come
thither, and any thing el fie that is unu-
fual. T h ey are alfo to Exhort the fe-
veral Families to Virtue, and a good
Life.
T h e Court Ju-hto is govern’d by two court of
Prelidents, who have Charge o f the Batchelor*
Learned and Martial Batchelors, to E x -
ercife the firft o f thefe in Difcourfes up-
on good Government, and the others in
M ilitary Affairs.
I he C o u it caL d Cotaoy or Lo~lay is Court oiL
that o f the Infpc&ors before-mention’d, Inlpeftars.
divided into fix Ciaffes, as are the fix
Sovereign Courts from which they take
their Names. As for Inftance, the firft
is rail'd L ice, or Infpeftors o f the Su-
pream Court o f M andarines ; or H mo ,
Infpeftors o f the Supream Court o f the
Exchequer, and fo the reft. E v ery Clafs
confifts o f feveral Mandarines o f the fe­
venth Rank. T h ey are appointed to tell
the Em peror what Faults he commits in
G o vern m en t; and they are fo bold in
this Particular, that they often Expofe
themfelves to the hazard o f Bamfliment
and Death, to tell their Prince the T ruth,
either by way of Memorial, or by word
o f M outh; o f which there are many E x-
amples in the Chinefc Hiftories. And it
has happen’d that Kings have mended
their Faults, and generoufly rewarded
thofe that reprov’d them. It is their Du-
ty to have a watchful Eye over the Mif-
carriages o f the fix Supream Courts, and
to give the Em peror Notice o f them by
Memorial privately. T h e Emperor **
makes ufe o f thefe Mandarines in A flairs
o f Confequence, and chufes three out of
them every Year for Vifitors.
T h e Court Him gin-fa furniffies the Court of
Em peror with Ambaffadors, and Envoys ftmbaffa-
to fend into Corla, when he confirms that <lor-
K in g in his T itle , or to carry a T itle
to other deferving Perfons.
T h e Court Tai-lt-ftt, that is, fovereign Court of
Reafon and Juftice, has the Charge of «0™ 1
Examining

111
Ch^ vn r O / c F l N A.
Examining doubtful and difficult Cafes;
Cernelli. and o f confirming or revoking Sentences
i6 g5. pronounced, efpecially in the Criminal
Court, where Goods, Honour, or Life
lie at Stak e; for if any Man be con-
demn'd to Death, and this Court find
the Motives o f fuch Judgment dubious,'
it remits the Cafe to its San-fa-fu, which
is, as it were its Council o f Confcience,
and this joining with the Court o f T ai-
U -fc and that o f Tu-che-yuen, or Su-
pream Court o f Vifitors, and the C ri-
minal Court, they all together Examin
the Matter over again, in the Prefence
of the Accufer and Party accus’d, and
often reverfe the Sentence.
TheCourtT«tf»-<dH»»-y«hastheCharge
o f Publilhing the Emperor’s Orders at
Court, and throughout all the Empire ;
as alfo o f perufing all the Memorials of
the Learned and Military Mandarines be-
fore they are deliver’d to the Emperor,
which they Hop, or fend up, as they
think f i t ; none being allow’d to prefent
a Memorial to the Emperor, before it
has be£n revis’d, and approv’d by this
C o u rt; except thofe of the Mandarines
o f Peking, who prefent theirs immedi-
ately. The Prefident o f this Court is
p i the third Clafs.
Aftoeiate T he Court Tai-cham-fu, is in a mail-
Court. ner aflfociated to the Supream Court o f
Rites and Ceremonies. The Prefident
is o f the third Clafs, his Affieflors of the
fourth, and the reft o f the fifth and fixth.
It has peculiar Gharge o f the Mufick, o f
the Sacrifices, and o f the marry’d Bon-
sues, and other Matters.
Another. TThere is alfo another Court aftbciated
to that o f Rites, and call’d Quam-lo-fu,
that is, Royal Inns, which has Charge
o f providing the Cattle, W ine, and o-
ther Things neceflary for the Emperor’s
Sacrifices, and Entertainments. T h eP re-
fident is o f the third Clafs.
Court for T he Mandarines o f the Court call’d
Horfes. Tai-po-fu, are o f the fame Clalfes, as
thofe o f the laft, and provide Horfes for
the Emperor, and for W ar diftributing
them to the Commanders, and in the
Fortreffes. A t prefent the Tartars bring
them in, and the Emperor buys feventy
Thoufand every Year, and the great Men
and private Perfons double the Number.
Court of Kin-Tien-Kien is the Court o f the Ma-
Mathema-thematicks. T he Prefident (who at this
ticks. time is F. Philip Grimaldi of the Society
o f Jefus) is o f the fifth Clafs, his two
Affdlbrs o f the fixth, and the reft o f
the feventh and eighth. T h ey apply
themfelves to the Study o f Aftronomy,
and Aftrology, and are to inform the
Vol. IV.
: ms
__
<SL
~ “ ~ 35^
Emperor when there will be Eclipfes o f
the Sun and Moon, and their Quality
and Duration. W hereof the Emperor
gives Notice to all the Courts o f the
Provinces by means o f the Court o f Rites,
that they may prepare to perform the
neceflary Ceremonies; which confift in
beating the Drum, whilft the Eclipfe
lafts, the Mandarines kneeling, with
their Eyes lifted up to Heaven, and with
awful Fear. This Court every Year fets
out the Almanack, which is fpread
throughout the whole Empire,
The Court Tai-y-yuen, or rather Col- College of
lege o f Phylicians, is compos'd o f thofe Phyficians.
belonging to the Emperor, Emprefs, and
Princes; who prepare their own Medi-
cines. Thefe Mandarines depend on the
Court o f Rites.
The Court call’d Hitm-lu-fu, confifts Mailers of
o f Mailers o f the Ceremonies at publick Ceremo-
Audiences, and is alfiftant to that o f nies*
Rites.
T he Court Xam-Len-yuen, has Charge Gardiners,
o f the Gardens, and o f the Cattle kept
for Sacrifices and Entertainments. It is
Subjeft to the Court o f Rites,
_ T he Court Xam-pao-fu, has the keep- chancery
ing o f the Emperor’s S e a l; which is " 3‘
Square, a Span over, made o f a pred-
ous Stone, as the Letters on it Denote,
which are Xam-pao. Here the Court o f
Mandarines come for the Seals, to be-
flow their Employments on the M anda-
rines o f the Court and Provinces, the
King’s Leave being firft had.
The Court Kin-y-guei, is the Guard Guards,
to the Emperor’s Perlon. They Guard,
and Attend him when he goes Abroad,
or gives Audience. It confifts o f feve-
ral Hundreds o f Martial Mandarines, the
Sons o f great Lords, and is divided into
four Clafles. Thefe are never remov’d
as other Mandarines are, but continue in
their Court, but often rife to be Prefi-
dents and Kolaos. T hefe, tho’ they are
Martial Mandarines are Independent o f
the Pimpu, that is, the Supreme Military
Court.
T he two Courts call’d X ui-cjue-fa, Cnilo-
which have the Management o f the Cu- mers.
ftoms o f Peking, and take care to place
Waiters at all the Gates o f the City to
receive the Duties, which depend on the
Court o f the Exchequer.
T he Tu-pu. has two Employments, court for
which are to apprehend Thieves and Malefa-
Malefactors, and proceed againft them ; ftors.
if they find them not Guilty, they may
Difcharge them ; buc if it finds them
G uilty, it muft turn them over to the
Criminal Court. Ic has alfo Power to
Y y fecure
'. ^ ' ■■•■'■"■ ''-'f: ^ , ' -■■;■■:■ =■?.- 1...- V •-■'■ ' ' '
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<SL
^ ^ ^ Voyage round the VV O R. L D. Book if.
fccurc run-away Slaves, to Baftinodo, prefeut there isnoOffspring o f them left.
Gemelli. and then reftore them to their Mailers, T h e kindred o f the Tartar Em peror nqw
1696. firlt marking them with a hot Iron on Reigning, are all Lords o f N ote, and
L / 'V X J the left Arm. Cut>purfes are mark’d live at Court \ but if their Reign lairs
with inch an Iron on the left Arm , for long, they alfo muft come to a mean,
the firft Offence-, for the 2d in the right, Condition, by reafon ot their Nuin-
and for the 3d are fent up to the C ri- bers. . . .
rninal Court. Hoam-chin is a Court, that lias the Court of
cover- T h e Corn t call’d F«-y», is that o f the likePower over theKing’s kindred by Ft - the Ft-
nor’s two Governors of the City o f Peking* male defeent* 1 heft arc o f two foils^ n*ae me*
Court. Thefe Governors are Soperiour to thole the firft o f thofe* who defeend or the
o f a 11 the otherCities in theEmpire.They Emperor's Daughters, M arry’d to chiote
are o f this 3d Clafs o f Mandarines, and Students, as was faid above, call d Fu-
their AlTelToi s o f the fourth. T h e firft ma-7 but they are not accounted Princes
Superintendent o f all the Scholars and o f the Blood by the Chinefes, nor the
Learned Men in Peking, who are not Emperors kindred, as having no Right
yet Mandarines. T h e fecond has the to the Succeffion, tho’ the Male line
admin iftration o f juftice, and takes ac- were quite extintt, This Cuftom is ob-
count. o f all the Families, and Souls in ferv’d even among the People ; for in
the C ity, and prepares the Place and China to Marry a Daughter, is the fame
neceftaries to offer Sacrifice. T h e Chine- thing, as for ever to exclude her the
fes call this Governor Fk -M u, that is, Fam ily, and fix her in the Husbands,
Father and Mother o f the People, whofe Sirname fhe takes. Therefore
Courts T here are two other Courts call’d when the Chinefes w ill exprefs, that a
S ? Tai-him-hien, and Fon-fin-hien, which Maid is gon to the Bridegrooms Houle,
depend on that o f the Governors o f the they do not make ufe o f the V e rftJ6 « ,
C ity, and have the fame affairs in charg •, to go, but o f the Verb Qm , to return ;
becauie Pehae is divided into two Ci- thus they do not fay, fhe is gone, but
ties, according to the Pra&ice through- return’d home. So when the Grandia-
out the Empire, where Cities arereckon- ther talks of his Sons Children, he calls
ed as one, or two according to their them plain Sm -ca, my Grand fans-,, but ,
bignefs. T h e Prefidents o f thefe Courts when he fpeaks o f his Daughters, he
are o f the 6th Clafs. fays, ^ai-fm -cn, my Grandfons abroad
Tfnm -qm -fi is the Court, o f the Great becaufe he accounts them ot his Son-in-
Covirt of j^ en w fo are lineally defcended from Laws Family. So when they fpeak ot
the Royalthc Royal Famiiy. T h e Prdident is a dead Perion, they do not fay, fuch a
Fami y ‘ one o f thofe who have the Quality o f one is dead, but fuch a one is return dto
Kings i and is of no Clafs, being above the Earth. Am ong the zd fort o f kmd-
them all. His two AHefiors are Lords red o f the Emperors o f the Female line,
o f the Blood R oyal, and above the Claf- are accounted, the Patents, Brothers,
fes • but all affairs are difpatch’d with U n cles, and other Relations o f the
the affiftance o f fome o f the Mandarines Em preffes; the Emperor’s Som -m -kw ,
o f the fix Sovereign Courts. A ll their and their Parents, Brothers, and Uncles,
bufinefs is to diftribute the Mony al- O f thefe two forts the Emperor choo-
lo w ’d for the Em peror’s Male kindred, fes fome o f the moll: remarkable to com-
whether Rich or Poor, to the fixth D e- pofe their Court. T he difference be-
eree o f Confanguinity 3 more or lefs, ac- tween thefe and the Princes o f the Blood,
cording ro their D ignity, and nearnefs is that thele laft are of none o f the nine
o f Blood. Befides, they judge o f all Clafles, and the others are of the 1 ft and
matters, Civil or Criminal, wherein 2d, tho they think themfelves more
thole are concern’d * and Execute the Honour’d by the T itle o f H m m -cbn.,
Sentence, after acquainting the Erape- and that o f /»-!»<*,fignifying the King’s
ro r. T hefe Relations o f the Emperors kindred, than by that ot Mandarines,
have the Privilege of Painting their tho’ of the firft Clafs. This 2d fort of
Houfes and Moveables Red. T h e Fa- kindred, was alfo deftroy’d by the Tar-
m ily before this now in the Throne, tars. ~
having Reign’d 2 7 5 Years, was increas’d Enough has been faid o f the Courts o f -
to fuch a number, that the allowance Mandarines, and the Government ot the eacll pro.
falling fhort, for fome who were re- Court ; it remains now to fpeak brief- vince.
m otely ally’d, they apply’d themfelves ly o f thofe o f the Provinces. Each Pro- v
to Media nick A rts, and were become vince has a Sovereign Court, on which
too lafolcat among the People i but at all the others depend. The Prdident
has

3f t
 ' G° X \
til
Chap. VIII. P / C H 1 NA,
has the T itle of ?/#<*» K im -m ien, In -
Gemelli. yvert, Sium-fn, and ocher Names, figni-
1696. fying Governors of Provinces, or Vice-
V V ' V roys, and is ufually chofen out of the
firft,5 2d, or 3d Clafs, as the King plea-
les. It belongs to him to Govern, both
In P e a c e and W ar, the People and Soul-.
diery, in Civil and Criminal affairs;
and to give the Emperor, and fix Sove-
reign Courts, an account o f all th ugs
o f note. T o him are directed dll d r -
ders from the Emperor and his Courts,
and all the Mandarines o f the Province,
are oblig’d to have retourfe to his Court,
in m a t t e r s o f Weight. T here areother
Vice-roys, call’d Tfum-to, who have the
Government o f two, three, or four Pro-
vince? • as for inftance Leam-quam Tfnm-
to Viceroy o f the Provinces o f Quam-
turn, and Qnam-fi, (Quam-tum figuifies
a Province towards the Eaft, and Quam-
a Province that ftretches towards the
W eft) and others, especially on the
Frontiers o f Tartary. Belides the Vice
R oy, there is in every Province a Vifitor,
call’d N gan-tai, or N gan-yvcn; and
another Officer o f great Note, call’d
T/um -pim ^ho Commands all the Troops
in the Province. This Man is ufually
chofen out o f the firft C laF o f Martial
M arJarm es. All thefe Supreme Officers
o f the Pi ovinces, have many Mandarines
under them, who affiftindifpatch o f bu-
finefs. rho’ every one of them generally
has his Palace within the Metropolis, yet
they do ndt always live there; but
travel about all the Province, according
as necefiity requires.
r r T he particular Courts o f Metropoli-
Cities.5 01 tan Cities, are thefe that follow. A
Court for civil Caufes, call’d Pn-chimfu;
the Prefident whereof, is a Mandarine
o f the firft Degree, of the 2d Clafs, his
two Affieffiors of the fecond Degree o f
the fame Clafs. This has two other
Courts, not depending on it, but by
way o f Affiftants. That on the left is
the moft Honourable, and is call’d Tfan-
chin, in which there are two Prefidents
o f the 2d Degree of the 3d Clafs. That
on the right is call’d Tfan-y, its Prefi-
dents are equal, and o f the 2d Degree,
o f the fourth Clafs. In all thefe three
Courts, there are many Inferiour M an-
darines, call’d Xen-lin-qnon, who have it
in charge to decide all Controversies,
and gather the Revenues o f the Province,
The Criminal Court is call’d X/gan-cba-
/ « ; and its Prefident, who is of the 3d
Clafs, has no Aflellbrs under him, but
two Benches o f Mandarines. On the
firft call’d Fo-fk are Mandarines o f the
Vol. IV.
' f : (J " ( . t
§l;
.35^
4th Clafs ; on the 2d call’d Cbien-fu, Of
the 5th, 'both together are call’d Tao*%
or Tao Tfnn ; and are for the molt part
Vifitors o f all pares o f their Province,
This Court may Puniffi C iminals with
confilcation o f Goods, and lofs ol l ife,
according to the hainonfiiefs o f their
Offences; and when there is no Vi.itor
in the Province, it has an Eye over all
the other Mandarines^ and acquaints the
Emperor with what happens. In a
W ord, thefe two Courts, the Civil and
Criminal, aft in the fame affairs, as the
fix Sovereign Courts at Pekikg, and are
as it were their Substitutes.
Every Province is divided into T er- Divifion
ritories, and each Territory has a M an- of Provin=
darine call’d Tao-li, who is as it were a ccs*
Vilitor, or Infpeftor o f all that is well,
or ill done within his Diftrift, and there-
fore he is taken from the Court o f In-
fpeftors, call’d Co-tao, whereof we have
fpoke above. It is his Duty to caufe
the Governors o f Cities arid Towns,
to pay in the Emperors Duties punftu-
ally. \
All Cities of the firft Rank, whether Court3 0$-
they are Metropolitans, or not, have a cities,
Court, in which the Governor o f it and
its T erritory prefides, who is a Manda-
rine o f the 4th Clafs, and call’d Cbifu.
He has three AffelTors ; the firft call’d
Tnm-chi, the 2d Tum-pnon, and the 3d
Chni-qnon ; all of the fixth and feventh
Clafs. They are alfo call’d 2d, 3d, and
4th Lord o f the 2d, 3d, or 4th S eat;
or o f the 2d, 3d, or 4th City , becaufe
the Prefident is call’d firft Lord, firft
Seat, and firft City. Befides thefe there
are four Inferiour Mandarines, call’d
Kim -lie, Chu-fu, Chao-mo, Kim Kiao, o f
the 7th, 8th, and 9th Claffies. Enough
has been faid o f the Duty of this Court,
when we fpoke o f the Government o f
Peking. All the Cities o f the Empire
have fuch Mandarines; but when they
are Places o f great Trade, or have a
large T erritory, and many Villages de-
pending o f them, the number of M an-
darines is double.
The Cities o f the 2d Rank, Call’d c;t;e3 of
Chen, are o f two forts, thofe o f the tha 2d
firft, are only Subjeft to the Metropolis, Rank.
as if they wete of the firft Rank, and
have Towns depending on them; thofe
o f the 2d, are Subjeft to the Cities o f the
firft Rank, whether they have Villages
depending on them or not. The Prefi-
dent o f thefe Cities call’d Cbi-cheu, is o f
the 2d Degree of the 5th Clafs, and
has two Affieffiors o f the 2d Degree of
the 6th and 7th daffies, the firft o f
Y y ?. which
, . . I
|1|
— 'N\%\
-. , ,
.h^5 ^ Voyage round the W O R L D.
(v a / i which is call’d Cheu-tum, and the 2d
Gcrnelli. Cheu-poon ; belides an other Mandarine
1606. call’d U r n , o f the 2d Degree o f the
ly v X J oth Clafs Thefe A ft in the fame man-
ner as the Governors o f Cities o f the
firft Rank The People call the Gover •
nor Ta-ye, that is, great, or firft Lord,
and the 3 others 2d, 3d, and 4th Lords,
Tnferiour Every other City o f the Empire has
Cities. a Court, whofe Prefident is call’d Chi-
Hen, and is o f the ill D egree o f the 7 th
Clafs. Under him he has3 Ahelfovs,the i l l
o f them of the 8th Clafs, and call’d H it*-
chimi therd o f the 9th Chn-ft*i,bat the 3d
Tien-fa o f no Clafs. Yet if this Man behaves
himfelf well during bis three Years Em-
pioyment, the Governor o f the Inferior
C ity acquaints him of the Superior, and
he the Governor o f the Metropolis 3
who informs the two great Courts o f the
fame and they the Vice - Roy. He
writes to the Sovereign Court o f M an-
darines, they give Notice to the Conn-
fellors o f State, and laftly the Counfel-
lors o f State fpeak to the Emperor 3
who generally makes him a Mandarine
o f the 8th or 9th Clafs, And thus mull
Mandarines rife to a higher D ignity, but
by the help o f forae Prcfent, pvopor-
tionable to the Benefit, they may re-
ceive 3 and this is the eaufe why they af-
terwards fell Juftice.
Hefer- A Mandarine when once he is mounting,
rnents of always be employ’d, that he may
ZZ commit no grofs Error in his Office 3 as
at Rome the Governments o f the Eccle-
fiaftical State, are given in courfc, Men
rifiag from the Inferiour to the Greater,
But it is cuftomary in China to write as
many Names o f Cities, as there are
Mandarines that want Employments,
and then they draw them by way o f lot 3
tho’ it is well known, that he who is o f
Intelligence with the Court fo orders the
T ablets, that the Name o f the C ity he
would have comes up. This Artifice
does not always Succeed, and they tell
us o f a M andarine, who drawing a
mean L ot in head o f a great C ity, and
thcrefore being enrag’d for the Mony
lie had given the Regifter, flood up
(for it is the enftom to Kneel at that
time) and falling upon him, beat, and
abus’d him fufficiently in the prefence o f
above300 Mandarines. For which be-
inn both Lent to Prifon, they wanted but
little o f being Condemn’d to Death, thofe
Contraftsbeing forbid by the Laws upon
Pain o f Death.
O th e r Befides thofe already mention’d, there
C o u rts. is a Courc in au the Cities of the Em-
pirc, conliiling o f a Prelident and two,
3 0
'
....... ,. |S :;v(.
<SL
Book 11.
or three AUeliors, who ate, call d Kiao-
qucn, that is, Judges o f the learned, be-
eaufe it is their D uty, to take care of
Learning, and of the learned M en3 to lee
the Batchelors commit no Infolencies a-
gainftthe People-, andffom tim etotim eto
airemble the Licentiates, D oftors, and
priviledg’d Mandarines to treat o f mat-
ters o f Learning in a School. Befides
thefe Mandarines dlfpers’d throughout
the Empire, there are particular Courts
in ocher Provinces, as that for the di-
flribution of Salt, the Supenntendancc of
the Emperor’s Revenue and others. _
A ll the Courts we have hitherto gi- Martial
veri an Account of, epnfiil o f learned Courts,
Mandarines, but thofe that belong to the
Martial Men, arc more nunietous, for
befides that they are in all Places where
thofe of the Gown-men are, there be
others on the Borders o f Provinces, in
the Sea Ports, and many more on the
Frontiers towards Tartary, T here is a
new Catalogue Printed every Year with
the Names o f the Martial Mandarines
employ’d in them, their Titles,C ountry,
and the time when they tooktheirDegrees,
and the like o f the learned Mandarines.
T h e number o f the learned M an da- Number
rim s throughout the Empire is 13 6 4 7 , “ de­
aud that of the Martial 16 520 , in all
3 2 16 7 3 which tho tpoft certainly trafc
may perhaps feem unlikely 3 but there is
no Id s to be admired in th e D iftn jut ton
o f their Employments, their D dlm ftion
and Subordination3 fb that it feems the
Legifiators omitted nothing that was nc-
cellary, and forefaw all the inconvem -
encies that might happen. No Empire
in the W orld would be better u o v ern d
or more Fortunate, were the Copduft
and Integrity o f the Officers (nimble to
the goodnefs o f the Laws 3 but the
Inferiour Mandarines, Studying nothing
fo much, as how to cheat their Super*-
ors, thefe the Sovereign Courts, and all
together the Emperor, with extraordi-
nary A rt and Ingenuity, not to call it
Humility, and Flattery 3 it is n ow on-
der the Prince ffiouId ,ometimes beim -
p o sd upon with Fa! (hood, 10 dead o.
Truth 3 and the People be opprefs d by
die T yranny o f E vil Mmiflers, notwith-
Handing the wholefome Laws,
A ll the Mandarines here R itofcr
have their Employments for three Years, "
which being expir d, they n fe to others
better, their ill behaviour being no hin-
drancc, as has been find. No Man has
any Power or Authority, in the City or
Province where he was Born, that Ju -
Rice may not be wrelted out of Favour,
III
c h a p .ix . - ty c H T f A
C\J^S~\ o rA ffed io n ; but this is allow'd in Mar-
Cemelli. rial Mandarines, that they may fight
1 696. with more Refolution, in Defence o f
l/ W their Country. None o f them has Ser-
vants,or Officers o f his ow n; but when he
comes to the Place o f his Goverment,
muff receive thofe that are offer’d him
and maintain’d by the Publick, that they
may have no Confidents, through whofe
means to receive Prefents or fell Juftice.
If they take along with them their Sons,
Brothers, or other Relations; thefe are
not to converfe with the People, but to
live reclufe like Carthnfians. T he belt
o f it is, that tho there be fo many good
Laws to prevent and punifh the Corrup-
tion o f Mandarines, fufpending any one
that receives to the value o f 10 Taes,
difplacing him for 30, and taking his
Life for 50, yet their Knavery and A -
vafice finds ways to receive M onyfopri-
vately, that it is a hard matter to Con-
v id them ; befides that they conceal one
anothers Faults.
W hen a Mandarine's Father or Mo-
ther dies he muff refign his Employ, to
Mourn three Years, and give the due ho-
nour to thofe from whom he had his Be-
in g ; fleeping for a long rime upon a lit-
tie Straw by the Tom b, eating for fame
Months nothing but Rice boil’d in no-
thing but W ater, wearing for the firfl
CHAP.
Of the Chinefe Characters, of their Ingenuity and Skill in the liberal Arts, and
of their chief Books.
chinefe H T "' H O ’ the Egyptians boafl o f their
chara- J _ being the firft who tranfmitted
tters. their thoughts to Pofterity, by the means
o f Charaders and Hieroglyphicks; yet
it is certain the Chinefes had them long
before. All other Nations have had a
general way o f W riting, compos’d o f
an Alphabet o f about 24 Letters, which
tho’ differing in lhape, have altnofl: the
fame found ; but the Chinefes make ufe
o f atleafl 54409 Letters to exprefs their
Meaning; and this with fncli a Grace, Vi-
vacity and Force, that they feem not to
be Charaders, but Voices and Tongues
that fpeak, or rather Figures and Ima-
ges, which reprefent every thing to the
Life.
Two forts Thefe Letters are o f two forts, either
of Chara- Simple, or Compound of feveral Sim-
fters. p ies; and becaufe every one o f them
(contrary to what is with ours) is a
Sign and Image reprefenting lome par-
ticular thing when join'd to another;
therefore they are not to be call’d Let-
<SL
Year a Garment o f Sackcloth, the fe-
cond o f lome Cloth not fo courfe, and
the third o f abetter fo rt; and all this
time continuing the nfual Sacrifices *
which dutiful Cuftom the Emperors
theipfelves obferwe^
The fevpral DignitiesyndQualities of
fo many Mandarines are known by feve-
ral figns. 1. By the Infcriptions and
T itles written on Tablets they caufe to
be carry’d before them. 2. By thenutn-
ber o f Attendants that go along with
them, dragging Staves along the Ground,
carrying Banners and other things. Be-
lides by the number of Men that carry
them in their Chair, for four are allow’d
the inferior fort, and eight to the bet-
te r ; and laffly by the number o f Strokes
on the Chinefe Drum which goes before
the Company, for they give five Strokes
on it for the meaneff Mandarines, 7, 9,
n , and as far as 13 for the greateflr.
It is alfo to be obferv’d, that atnidft this
prodigious number o f Mandarines there
never happens any Conteft, as is ufual
in Europe on account of Precedency.
Becaufe, if the Emperor hears o f any
fuch thing, he certainly puts them out
o f their Employments, that they may
decide their Controverfies as private
Men.
IX.
tersbut Hieroglyphicks. Another thing
wonderful in this Tongue, is that the The Lsa,
W ords are few, and all Syllables, as Pa, gUage.*
pe, pi, po, pa, Earn, Pern, Pirn, Pom, u
Pam, and the lik e ; fb that taking away
thofe Monafyllables which they make no
ufe of, as not being able on any ac-
count to pronounce them, as Ba, Be ,
B i, Bo, Ba, Ra, Re, Ri, Ro, Ru, Pom,
Tom, Nom, Mom, & c. T h eir W ords
well confider’d in themfelves are not a-
bove 320, but confider’d with their dif-
ferent Accents, they are enough to com­
pofe a molt perfed Language. For in-
fiance, the Syllable Po pronounced fe-
veral ways lignifies eleven feveral things,
being as occafion ferves a N oun, Pro-
noun, Subftantive, Adjedive, Adverb,
and Participle; and fo when it is a Verb
it may be Demonftrative, Imperative,
Subjundive and Infinitive; in numbers
more or lets with their Perfons; in time
Prefent, Imperfeft, Preterperfed and
Future. T he diveife Pronunciation is
in
® '
^jg zi Ko)Y/g£ ft)/Wt he W O R L D .
-v *, jn the diverfity o f the Accent, which is the Greeks. -A
S £ j ? c U e r Pb.iu, S r a k , Flat, f t . r f t . o t
idtotf* Circumflex 5 as alib from the Afpiiauon^
^ •’y s j which is alio mark’d down, as among
Po, Po; PS, Po, Pd, Po, Pd, P6, P& Pcf,
When this Syllable is pronounced
with the Accent fmootli and all ot a
poke, 1% it figmfies a G lafs-, with the
flat Po it figmfies to M l w ith a
iharn Po a Sifter of Corn or Rice', the
4th with the Circumflex open, Wife j
the «th with the Circumflex clos’d with a
Point over it, to Prepare g the 6th with
the Circumflex charg 'd and an Afpirati-
on, 4* O ld W o n s a n l the 7 tb with the
plain Accent and an Afpiration , to
Break \ the 8th with aflat Accent and
Afpiration, figoifies, the jpth
with the Acute, Accent and Afpiration,
lignifies, Near-, the ioth with the open
Circumflex and Afpiration, to W atery
the 1 1 th with a clofe Circumflex, with a
Point over it and an Afpiration, a Slave,
B y this Example it may be eailly con-
ceiv’d how the Chinefe Language can be
Expreffive, Copious and Eloquent, with
fo finall a number of Monafy llables j for
as we, by the different putting together
o f Letters from fuch an infinite number
o f W ord s: fo they joyning, feparating,
and giving feveral Accents to their Mo-
nafy llables, exprefs themfeives as plain-
ly and gracefully as any other Language
that is more in efleem. The fame eafe
they have in explaining their Thoughts
in W riting, by the variety o f Accents;
they find in pronouncing of W ords fe-
vend ways-, like a Mufidan who by long
Practice eaffiv knows at fir ft fight and
exprefles the feveral Notes he is to found
with the Voice. Yet it is not true that
the Chmefcs ling when they talk, as fome
have imagin’d i nor that they carry a
Tablet hanging about their Neck, on
which they write their meaning, when
they perceive they are not underftood,
and that they cannot whifper, as fome
People fancy, thinking the Tones and
Accents cannot be exprefs’d without
railing tgc Voice.
T he chinefe Language in the opinion
o f the Miffioners, is the cafieft o f all
thofe in the Eaft; for if the Memory be
tiie moft neceflary Faculty for learning
o f a Language, that muft be the eafieft
which has feweft W ords, for itisalw ays
eafier to remember a few than a great
many. Now the Chinefe Language is
compos’d o f only 320 o f Monafy llables,
5 &o
8l
#
Book Li.
ll this may be understood
b j the e lc n a f t r a a l ways the Syllable
to may be markd and conhder d.
whereas,the La«« and G reek havfe an '•
infinite number o f Words, o f feveral
Tcnfcs, Moods and Perfons^ and there -
iore the fcbmejfe mu ft be eahe. Add to
this that it requires lsmeinbntig nothing
but the Accents, which are as it were
the form diftinguifhing the figmficatioa
of the Words. 1 he Ctnnefe People ^ ^
therefore pronounce all things we 1 and
with cafe, without knowing what 1 ones
or Accents mean * only the learned be-
ing acquainted with them. There ran
be no doubt made hereof when we con-
ficler, that the Fathers Miffioners who
go into China with only two Years A p-
plication, Preach, hear t.onfefhons, and
write in that Language as if it were na-
tural to them , tho they go mto thole
Parts well advanced m Y ears; which is
the realon they have W rit and Printed
abundance of Books, whichare admir d
and valu d by the Clnnejes them>o!ves.
I f thofe who are bell and moft ready yyitofthe
at Invention, have a more lofty W it m „efis
than others, the Chine fet aredoubdefs^to
be preferr’d before other Nations, be-
caufe they have been the firft In venters
of W riting, of Paper, of Printing, of
Gun-Powder, of fine Purcellane, and
o f feveral other things. If they want
feveral Sciences it isior want o f Cornmu-
mcationwith other People-, and. yet they
are coniummate m moral Philofophy,
to which they apply themfeives very
ear neftly *, and by the fharpneb of their
W its ealily come tounderftand the Books
wr it by the Miflioncrs, upon nice and
difficult Queftions m Matheir.atu.ks, I hi-
Ipfophy aqd Divinity. . _
What Kingdom is therein the W orld Their
fo Yuli of Qmverfities as (h im ? I here Learning,
are certainly above ioooo Licentiates,
whereof 6 or 7000 meet every three
Years at Peking, whereafter fevere Exa-
mination 36s are admitted to the De-
gree of Doflors. I believe there are
not fo many Students m any Kingdom,
as there are Batchelors in China, for they
are counted above ninety thoutand; nor
that there is any Country where the
knowledge o f Letters ujfo
Common3 for efpecially in the foi thcin
Provinces there is not a Man Rich o r<
Poor, Citizen or Feafant} but ca^nat
HI
Chap.IX .T c h ~i'n a
P sA / ! lealt W rite and Read. In ihort, it is
Cemelli. certain that no part, except Europe, has
1.696. Pubiilh’d fo many Books.
, The Chinefe Chronicles are as antient
Antiquity. as the Flood, beginning but 200 Years
after i t ; and have been continu’d to this
time by feveral Authors; by which it is
eafy to judge what a number o f Volumes
they make. They have'abundance o f
Books. Books of Moral Philofophy, which treat
o f Nature, its Properties, and Accidents,
feveral others o f the Mathematicks, and
concerning the A rt o f W ar ; molt iage-
nious and delightful Romances, and Books
o f Knight-Errantry, like Am adu, Or-
[ando, and D. Q uixote; infinite Volumes
o f Hiltory, and Examples o f the Obe-
dience o f Children towards their Parents,
and o f the Fidelity o f Subjects towards
thclr K in g ; of Husbandry, o f fine Spee-
dies, o f delightful Poems, o f Tragedies,
o f Comedies, and upon infinite other
Subjects too tedious to relate. T he molt
wonderful thing is to fee with what eafe
they Compofe them, which is fuel), that
there is Ilarce any D odor or Licentiate
but Publilhes one or two W orks. They
Phyfick. alfo Exert their W it in Phyfick, where-
o f they have writ excellent Treatifes.
T rue it is, they pretend to dilcover much
by the Pulfe, as to know the Diftemper,
and ap'ply the proper Remedies ; but I
cannot be perfwaded it is fo much as F.
Daniel Bartoli magnifies it in his Hiftory
SeeNavar* China, Part 3. Pag. 62 & 63 ; where
rete. he fays that the Chinefe Phyficians never
ask the Patient any Qudtions o f his pre-
fent Condition, nor how it has been with
him fince he fell Sick, which they would
look upon as betraying theirlgnorance;
but taking the lick Peifon afide, they feel
his Pulfe with great Attention for about
half an H our; and by the Diverfity o f
its irregular Motions, which they nicely
difeern, they difeover, conceive and de-
d a re all that has happen’d to the Patient
till then Day by D ay, and foretel what
w ill befal him ; wherein, as the Father
fays, they far out-do our Phyficians o f
Europe. This indeed is a notable way o f
pra£tifing Phyfick, and not Human, but
Prophetick, and Divine. In Europe there
are Schools where Phyfick is taught, but
in China ther e is none ; and if a Son ha-
ving learn’d it o f his Father, finds not
his Account in it, he leaves it, and takes
to a more profitable Trade, for the Chi-
nefes are Expert at every thing. What
I can affirm lor a Certainty is, That tliefe
Phyficians as much better than ours as
they are, Ihun with all poffible Diligence
the taking Charge o f the Cure o f M an-
' .
§L
w
darines, and great Lords ; for if any one
Dies under their Hands, the Kindred
Beat him to Death ; and che Experience
they have o f their Skill makes them ra-
ther put themfelves into the Hands o f an
European Surgeon, than o f the belt o f
them. As a Proof hereof, I faw a Sur*
'geon o f Macao, whilll I was at Cantont
going up to Court into the Emperor’s
own Service, having been employ’d by
him before, and being gone then with
his Leave to fee his W ife ; and i f the
Chinefes were fuch Prophets, and Efcu-
lapius’s, 1 do not think the Emperor him-
fell would feek after Europeans. F. Bar*
tolt adds, That their great Cure is Falt-
ing, keeping the Patient 7, 14 , and even
to 20 Days without giving him the leaft
Motfel o f Suftenance, but as much W a-
ter as he will Drink, and two, three, or
four times, the Juice o f Pears. 1 fancy
i f F. Bartoil had been fo failed but fix
Days, he had not been able to Publilh
fo many choife W o rk s; and the C hin efes
are Flelh and Blood as we are, and o f a
much tenderer Conftitution. It is alfo
to be obferv’d, That the C hin efe Phyficians
at thefame time play the Apothecaries;
and wherever they go, their Servant car-
ries their Drugs after them. I f they are
not call’d a fecond time, they never re-
turn ; for the Patient is free to make ufe
o f any other without Affronting them.
They are paid for the Medicine, not for
the Vilit, and therefore to latisfy their
covetous Difpofition they never omit to
Purge, tho’ there be no occafion for i t ;
applying Stones, Seeds, Roots, Herbs.,
Leaves, Bark, and other Simples, where-
o f they gee the Knowledge in Books,
where they are drawn, and their Virtues
deferib’d, In this Particular they follow
the Aphorifms o f an antient Emperor o f
theirs, who was an excellent Botaniil,
and Phylieian, his Name Jcnti. Scarce
any o f them lets Blood in the molt fcoreh-
ing Fevers. Such is the A rt of the wjfe
Phyficians o f China; but the Mad ones
are much more Numerous, and a thou-
fand time more in Requeft. ThefeBoalt
o f a wonderful Secret they have, to make
old People young at any Age wbatfo-
e v e r; others to make them Immortal,
and fo they go about felling their A rri­
dote againft Death. It is not only the
Ample ignorant People that arc catch’d
in this foolilh T rap, but the W ifeft and
molt Learned ; who placing all their
Happinefs in this W orld, purchafe that
precious Liquor at avail Expence, which
they hope will make them Immortal, and
tho’ often deceiv’d, yet they never fail
to
- ’ . . . ,
f(fl
^5(3 A Voyage round the \V O R L D.
to be enfnar’d again, infomuch, that to
Gtmelli. avoid Death, they Deftroy themfclves
1 696 in the Prime o f their Age.
Ainou» the reft the Chinefei have five
Books in Books call’d Vkim , or the five W rit-
fefteera‘ ines held in as great Veneration among
Thefirft them as'the Holy Scripture is among
of their l]S ’pile firft of them is call’d Xm -Xim ,
ant,ent that is the Chronicle o f the five antient
Emperors. ’ t(ie tkree laft whereof were
Heads o f three feveral Families, that
Reign’d 2000 Years, almoft double the
time of the nineteen following Families,
including that of thtT an a rs now Reign-
ing The firft o f thefe Emperors Name
was Tao, who according to their Hifto-
ries began his Reign 4057 Years ago, or
«oo Years after the Flood, according to
the Chronology o f the Septnagint. T his
Prince and Chinefe Law-giver, perceiving
that his Son was not duly qualify’d to
Govern (for as the Chinefes tell us, Vir *
tue was then regarded above any thing)
be chofe for his Companion, a Subject
whole Name was Xnn, whom at his Death
be declar’d Emperor, leaving him his
tw o Daughters for Wives.
Xnn the fecond Emperor is highly
commended in the aforefaid Book for
his Virtue, and particularly for his Obe-
dience to his Father, and Love to his
Brother. ' ing a Compafs as they did when they
Tu, the third Emperor, having ferv’d
his Predecefior Xnn faithfully, was by
him at his Death declar’d his Succeffor,
not regarding his own Son, who was
not fo fit to Govern. This Man during
his Predeceffbr’s Reign employ’d himfelf
in draining the Waters o f the Flood,
which then covet’d part o f the Plains o f
china 3 which the Chinefes call’d Xnm~
X n i, that is, great Deluge o f Waters,
T h e fucceeding Emperors, rul’d by right
o f Inheritance, not o f Eleftion, till the
Emperor Kie, a cruel Man, and laft o f
this firft Royal Family. ' contains moft o f the Laws, Cuftoms, Ritual.
T he fourth Emperor was Chim-tam,
fprung from the fecond Family. He
took up Arms againft the Emperor Kie,
and poffefifd himfelf o f the Empire. In
his time there was a Dearth of feven
Years, during which time no Snow, nor
Rain fell, the Springs, and Rivers were
almoft dry’d up, the Earth became Bar-
ren, and fo o f Confcquence there follow’d
Famine and Plague. In thisDiftrefs the
Emperor quitting his Palace and Royal
Robes, clad himfelf in Skins, and pro-
ftrating himfelf on a Hill call’d Samlim,
offering up this Prayer to Heaven. Lord,
i f thy People have offended thee, Pnnijh
them not, becaufe they have done it without
36^
§L
Book II.
knowing what they dlA', rather Pump, me,
who here offer my [e lf up as a N lhm to
fu fferall your D M n eJn Jh ce fhall think fit.
N o fooner had he done fpeaking thefe
W ords, but on a fudden the Sky was
cover’d with Clouds, which pour’d dowii
fo much Rain, as fufficed to W ater all
the Lands o f the Empire, and caufe all
forts o f Fruit to grow in a ihort time,
T h e Line o f that Emperor Chim-Tam
Reign’d above 6oo Years, till the Em-
peror Chen, who was Cruel like Kie.
When the Chinefes call a Man a Kie, or
a Chen, it is as if among us we fhould
call him a Nero, or a Domitian.
T he fifth Emperor was Nu-vam, who
overthrew Chen in Battle, and polfefs’d
himfelf o f the Empire. He having a
wife and virtuous Brother, made him
King o f the Kingdom o f Ln (at prefent
contain’d within the Province o f X w m g )
and dying left him Governor o f the Em-
pire, during his Son’s Minority. T o him
the Chinefes aflign the difeovery or in­
vention o f the Load-ftone, or Compafs,
2700 Years fince, which afterwards the
Emperor his Nephew made known to
the Ambafladors o f Cochinchina, who
brought the Tribute, that by the help o f
it they might return Home the ftrait way
without being put to the trouble of fetch-
came. The Hiftory of thefe five Em-
perors, look'd upon as Holy Men by the
Chinefes, efpecially the four firft, and o f
their Delccndents, is the Subject o f the
firft Book 3 which has as much Reputa-
tion among them, as the Book o f Kings
in the Bible among us. Its Stile is an-
tient, but Polite and Elegant. T here
Vice is run down, and Virtue extoll’d 3
and the Aftions o f the Emperors and
their Subjefts impartially related,
T h e fecond Book is call’d L i-k i, that The 2d
is, the Book of Rices, or Ritual, and Book a
and Ceremonies o f the Empire. The
chief Author o f it was the Emperor R e­
Nam s Brother, before mention’d, whofe
Name was Chen-cum 3 it alio contains the
W orks o f feveral other Authors, Difci-
pies to Confucius, and o f other modern
Commentators.
T h e third Book is call’d X i-K im , that The 3d
is, Book o f Verfes, Romances, and Po-Book of
ems divided into five forts, one to be Poems.
Sung in Honour o f famous Men, with a
fort o f Verfes repeated at Obfequies,
Sacrifices, and Ceremonies perform’d by
the Chinefes, in Honour o f their Ance-
ftors. The fecond o f Romances, which
were recited before the Emperor and his
Mini-
111
IS / —"sS \

<SL
chap, ix . ........... < y c H i N X ; * r
< y ^ p Minifters • invented to defer.be the Cu- the ~
CemdU. ftoms o f the People 5 the manner o f the an hundred Years j
i6 96. Government, and all the Affairs o f the is Eftecm’d by the C h L fes a ^ T n r if t l*
Empire ; as in the Greek Plays the Faults ot the fecond Rank T his h a
o f private Perfons, and o f the Puhiick ioquent, and ingedoul W ork foil t f
were reprovd. The third was call'd the . weighty Moral Sentences. A ll the
way of Simile, becaufe all it contain d oners in China ftudy the Letters and f an
was exprefs’d by Comparifoti, and Simi- guage in this Volume • ” frith! I t l h J
lim d c. T he fourth fo! t was call'dLofty, the | « abort S ' / « £ ln,
becaufe in a more elevated Stile it gave from their Source, fo maiiy Books and
Information m feveral Matters- r,o de- Comments of fever,1 7 , *
light the Underftanding, and gain Atten- Authors, that their Number i s '^ n S ?
tmn to what follow’d. The fitch is call’d; infinite ; which is a g r e S A ^ n m ,n 3
Rejeded Poems, becaufe Confucius having the extraordinary W it Induftrv L j
perus’d the Book, rejected fome he did Eloquence o f the c S N atkn ^ w h kh
of. v „ , fron? the weaneft Condition raifes 7c felf
The 4th T he fourth Book was compos’d by to the great elf Dim irie-t m n, r . 1
K y“ - the
m Kingdom“ oVf LT f r native
», his tl,e H> ry ° f
Country; by fevere and repeated Fvam iSr 1 ,
for which reafon the Chinefes hold it in fo Rigoroufly o. tn Vd f ^
g r c r M e e m . He writ this H itter, o f p t a A f t fo? V & ‘ ” 'm
200 Years, in the nature o f Anrials; Affeftion can raife one that is undefei v?
where he represents to the Life the Adti- mg, nor Hatred deprefs, or taft do vri
ons o f virtuous and wicked Princes, ac- the W orthy 0 vn
cording to the Tim e and Places where T he W it o f the Cktefes is no lefs Mecha-
they hapued ; and therefore he calls it wonderful and fubiime k Mechanick ificS
that is, spring and Autumn. A rts, than it is in Sciences f a n d £
The ^th . The fifth Bodk is call d T e*ftm , and more, becaufe what they know they owe
Book of is accounted the antienteft ot them all; to none but themfelves, h a v i n g I S
Morals, for the Cbmefes lay Fo-hi their firft King kept themfelves at a difbi.ee from Ml
" I * * 1 * * f *■ T h . Book very other Nations, as i f thiy “ ere i ° " ft
well deferw s to be read and rain'd, for pirate W orld. This has happen'd be-
the excellent Sentences and moral Pre- caufe by moft ancient Laws they are’ for
cepts it contains ; and t h e C ^ r have a bid having any C o m m u n ic a tio n with
peculiar Veneration for it believing it Strangers, or going abroad to Travel
the molt Learned, the Profoundeft, and nor to admit F o r e i g n e r s among them -
moft Myfterious in the W orld-, for and for this Reafotl there is nodo.ibr
w hich reafon they think it impoffibfe to they want the know ledge o f feveral ufe
uoderftand it thoroughly, and therefore ful Things, which is gam’d by the Com-
improper for Strangers to fee or touch merce o f one Nation with another Yet
1C- „ , - it cannot be deny’d ro be more Honon
Epitome They have one Book more o f equal rable to be beholdtV to them felvS a
of thole Authority with theft others, which they lone for the Invention o f little efs than
Books. call S*-*«, that is , the four Books, as all curious Arts, which are to be fo 3
being above all others Thefe are an in any othe p o t o N « S It p ] S y
Extraft, or Epitome o f the other five; appears how (harp witted the C M ,
and thence the M m dm ntt take the Sen- are, and how much they exceed the Fu
tences, which they give as a Theme to ropeans in Ingenuity, in that the later"
the Learned* who arc examind in order as fome Authors will have ic learn’d
to take the Degrees o f Batchelors, Li- o f them the A rt o f Printing o f m S ?
cenciates, and Dodors. It is divided Paper, o f uling the Load-lone, ofcaft-
into four l a rts, the fir It T i eats ot the iog Cannon, and making Powder for it.
Laws and the D odrm o f the Men re- T o return to their Mechanicks, they are
nowned for Wifdom and Virtue. The molt excellent Workmen at engraving
fecond o f the Golden Mean. The third on precious Stones or Criftal S o at
contains a great number o f Moral Sen- cutting them in R e lie f; and at other
tences, well exprels d, folid and profita- Works of admirableCuriofity. T hey al-
ble for all Members o f thefitate; which fo make Watches, having found out tlk
thtee parts are the W orks o f Confucius, A rt by feeing ours; and moft' exaff Sne-
the firft Chtntfe D odor, publifh’d by his dades for all Ages. As for the Matter-
Difciplcs. The fourth part which in Bulk they make them ofF, they had an old In
is equal to the other three, was W rit by vencion to make a fotc o f Glafs o f Rice.
VoL iV‘ 2 2 th J

l C x
......... * i i , ' u '■b y
HI
N\W? .■**K&s' ' i
§L
362 A Voyage round the W O R L D. Book I!.
r \ _ A ^ tho’ not fo clear as ours, and more Brit- in one ot‘ the two greateft Cities at the
Gem elli. tie. T rue it is, that a mean Price being F e a lto f the New Year, would haveferv’d
1 696. no way agreeable to curious W orkman- to have maintain’d us in W ar three Years ;
fhip -, all the Study o f the Chinefes is to which Fealt being Celebrated in all Parts
make their W ork look fine, becaufe the with equal Joy and Solemnity, we mull:
Bu yersare very fparingin theirExpences; own that what he law was but the lealt
but if the Reward were fuitable to the part of the vail: Quantity burnt through-
Labour, t h e y would do Wonders. T here out all the Kingdom.
are none like them for cleanfing and As concerning the Clnnefe Architedlure, Archite*
whitening W ax, as well the common it is Regular, and has certain Rule and fljre>and
Bees-wax, as another fort peculiar to Method ; as appears by their antient Stru<tures.
them, which is gather’d from certain Books o f their excellent Mailers now Ex-
W orm s upon the T r e e s ; and another tant, and much more in the Stru&ures
which drips from the Body, orisfqueez’d to be feen, fo Great and Beautiful that
from the Fruit o f certain Plants, but they may more than Vie with thofe fo
this is not fo fine as. the others. T he much celebrated antient Roman Buildings;
very Butchers (hew their D exterity, for befides that the number is every where
when they kill Hogs, they artificially imcomparably greater. As for arch’d
force a great deal o f W ater into all parts Bridges over royal Rivers, and great
o f the Carkas through the Veins o f the Arm s o f the Sea, they are Itupendious,
Feet, that they may weigh the more. either for the Matter or Wotkmanfhip.
T h ey W eave excellent Stuffs o f Pa- One o f the great W orks o f the Chinefes
per, Silk, and G old, Plain, or W rought, is the T ow ers, whether thofe that are
like Sarcenet, T alfety, Sattin, and Vel- defign’d to Eternize the Memory o f fome
v e t ; and in the Figur’d the Birds, Bealls, Men accounted Hero’s among them for
Flow ers, or what elfe they pleafe is fo their excellency in Learning, or Soldiery,
Artificial that it looks like Embroidery, or thofe that are only for Ornament to
tho’ it be but plain Weaving. T he worft the Cities, Royal Palaces, Bridges, and
is they have no good Draughts, and their other publick Struftures; or thofe Con-
Figures are all Lame. They know not lecrated to lome Idol, as the two lo
how to Paint in O il, but only with a fort much celebrated which are on the fide
o f Varnilh they have ; nor can they Sha- o f the Tem ple o f the Idol F e : They are
dow regularly, becaufe they do not take certainly wonderful for the finenefs o f
a fettled Light, and according to it dif- the Marble they are made o f ; for the
pofe their darker or brighter Colours as equal Beauty and Majelty A rt has con-
they ought to do ; nor can they tell how ferr’d on them ; and for their incredible
to temper and mix Colours. But they height, each o f them being an hundred
W o rk to a prodigy inCarving, even upon and fix and twenty Pearches high. But
the hardell Stone, making moll delicate thofe are Stupendious beyond all that can
W orks cut through, as Flowers with all be Exprefs’d, which are built by any
their perfeft Leaves diltin£t, and Chains C ity, upon a vain Opinion, that they
all o f one piece o f Marble, with every w ill preferve them from all Difaliers,
Link loofe, wrought by dint o f incredi- and make them as Happy as may be, fo
ble Patience, and other fuch like Extra- they be feated, and begun to be Built in
vagancies. T hey alio underlland Call- a fortunate Place, and moment of T im e;
ing, even of Statues like Giants, where- according to the appointment o f their
with they chiefly adorn their T em ples; D iviners who profefs this A rt.
but tho’ they are beautiful for the Gold T h e Chinefe Mufical Inltruments whol- Mufick.
they are adorn’d with, they are very ly differ from ours as well in their lhape,
mifhapen. T here are T w elve o f thefe as the manner o f Playing on them. And
in the Province o f Honan, which Hill not to fpeak o f thofe made o f Stone,
Hand upright on their Pedellals, after Brafs, and o f Skins extended after feve-
18 0 0 Years fince they were fet up. T h ey ral manners; they have fome o f one on-
call Iron, and make many more ufes o f ly String, o f three, and of feven, which
it than we d o ; and tho’ the great Guns are their Lutes, and V io lin s; and ano-
they Call be rough, and irregular, yet ther moll antient fort, partly like our
they deferve Commendation for having H a rp ; but their Strings are not fmall
invented them, and P o w d er; with Guts, nor o f Metal, but o f raw Silk
which they make moll admirable Fire- twilled. In their left noble fort o f Wind
w orks; and the quantity they confume Mufick it may be Laid they have fome
after this manner is fo great, that F. Excellency ; i f there can be any Excel-
Matthew Riccio judg’d what he faw lpent lency in a fort o f Mufick, which has not
* variety

t ' , ^jggg " ’ , •

360
111
Chap. X, Of C H I IM A.
fV A -/^ variety o f Tones, nor keeps any Rule
Gemelli. o f Tim e, or N o tes; nor knows any
1696. Rules o f Concord, and Harmony, or the
difference o f T reble, A lt, Tenor, Bale,
and other Varieties which compofe the'
Delight o f Muiick. So that fomerimes
an hundred Muficians are heard keepinjg
the very fame Tone, and never parting
from che fame Note. Among their Mu-
fical Inffxmnents there is one made o f a
piece o f W ood, with nine thin Plates
o f Metal hanging to it, on which they
Play with a little Hammer very Plea-
fantly. .
Navigati- The A rt o f Navigation is one of the
ea. greatelt Honours o f the Chintfe Nation,
They invented the Sea-needle, or Com-
pals (for in China in the Iron Mines is
the belt Load-llbne iii the W orld) and
by the help o f it their Kings conquer’d
dillant Iflands in that Archipelago •, as
ft ill appears by the Memory there re-
maining o f the Chinefe Domination-
Writing. They W rite like the Hebrews from the
0 right Hand to the left, and the Lines do
not go a-crofs but from the top o f the
L eaf to the bottom. T h eir Paper is ex-
treatnly thin, and yet they W rite with
the whole Fill:, after a manner, very
unhandy to us, but eafy to them that are
us’d to it. T h e Ink they ufe is not L i-
quid, but Lamp-black made into a Paftc
with Gum-water, which they dry in
Cakes as long as a Man’s Finger- When
they would W rite they rub it on a hard
Stone, which is their Ink-horn, with a
few drops o f W ater, more or lefs, as
they have occafion, and than ufe it with
a fine Pencil.
Printing. T h ey do not Print like us, but in
Stone or W ood, as follows. T h e Com-
pofition being w rit out in excellent fair
Characters, which they Value themfelves
upon, the Paper which is extraordinary
thin and tranfparent, is palled on a
Board o f Pear-tree, or Apple-tree, as
C H A
\ * O f the great InduJlrj and Navigation of the Chinefes.
Induftry. * T P H E Magnificence and great Nunri-
J L ber of piiblick Structures in China
is not only the effect o f a vail Expence,
but o f their extraordinary Inauftry.
Thus they perform all forts o f Mechanick
W orks with fewer Inftruments, and more
eafe than we do. They have an admirable
Invention to Buy and Sell, and find a
way to Live : And as throughout the
whole Empire there is not a foot o f
Vol. IV.
<SL
363
fmooth as polfible t m y .b e ; with the
W riting next the Board, that when
printed the Letters may come right 0-
gain. Then the Characters are cut with
a fm aliT ool or Pen-knife, fo that their
Lines may rife, and the W ood about
them be lower than they • is among us
the Cuts are made on Wood tor Printing,
N or does this require g: ■ it. Labour, or
much T im e, but it is done much fooner
than our Printers can Compofe and Cor-
red. ■ T he Price o f Cutting is fo fmall,
that Volumes are Printed for a ftnali
Matter. After Printing the Boards are
return’d to the Author, becaufe they are
his, and he Pays the Cutting of them.
It is alio us’d fometimes to Print with
Stone, but the Method is quite contrary
to the other, for the Characters are Cut
in, and the Superficies of the Stone re-
mains above them, and therefore the Ink
being laid upon the Stone when it runs
through the Prefs, the Paper remain's
Black, and the Characters White ; but
they mult be pretty large, otberwife
they would be confus’d. Thus the Print-
ja g o f China is unlike to, and worfe than
ours; for their Letters made o f fb many
Dalhes, Knots, and crooked Lines can-
not be exprefs’d in fo fmall a Figure as
ours, who have fome fo fmall, that a
great W ork may be brought into a fmall
Volume. A s for the Paper, they ouc-
do us in largenefs o f Sheets, I having
feen feme as big as Sheets for Beds, and
all throughout o f an equal Finenefs; but
they are not o f equal Whitenefs ; be-
fides, that they are o f fo little Subftance,
and lo thin, that they are not Printed
on both Tides, becaufe the Characters
appear quite through. Some is made o f
Silk ; another fort o f Cotton lleep’d,
and reduced to a Pafte ; another o f the
Pith o f certain Canes, and o f other
Trees, but they are not lafting.
t>. X.
Land that lies w affe; lb neither is there
any Man or Woman, Old or Young,
Halt, Lame, Deaf or Blind that has nOt
fome Employment to get Bread. There-
fore it is become a general Proverb,
Chum-we-vn-y-vo, that is, in the Ern-
pire or China there is nothing loft ; and
fo it is, for tho’ a thing feem never fo
vile and ufelels, it ferves for fomething,
and yields a Profit- For Inftance, in
Z 2 x the
 ■ G°*jx
//> —<V\
f(f)|
0(5^,, Voyage round the W O R L D.
rs» A -^ the C ity o f there are above ten
Cernelti Thoufand Families, who have no other
16 9 8 . T rade to L ive on but felling o f Matches
w O /'N J to light the Fire, as many more that
Subliit, upon gathering all forts o f R ags
in the Streets and W alks, and bits o f
Paper, and the like, which they after-
wards wafh and fell to others, who make
feveral Ufes o f them. T h eir Inventions
for carrying o f Burdens, are alfo remark-
able, for they do not carry by ftren g th o f
A rm , or on their Backs, as is us’d among
u s ; but fallen the Burden with Cords,
o r Hooks in two Baskets, which they
afterwards hang at the ends o f a piece
o f W ood made fmooth and fit for the
purpofe, they lay over their Backs like
a pair of Scales to Ballance, and fo car-
ry with much Eafe. T h is is no other
than as a common Yoke us’d among us
to carry Buckets.
B iv l f i o n o f In every City o f the Empire there are
the Night, two T ow ers, the one call’d o f the D rum ,
h o w they and the other o f the Bell, which ferve
ftrike it. for t he Centinels to ftrike the Hours in
the N ight. T he Cbinefes divide the N ight
into five parts, either greater, orfmaHer
as they are longer, or Ihorter. A t N ight-
fall the Centinel gives feveral Strokes
upon the Drum , and the Bell anfwers,
after the fame manner : T hen during
the firft Divifion, the one Centinel Strikes
a lingle Stroke on the Drum, and the o-
ther anfwers with one on the Bell •, after
about a Minute they both ftrike again
on the Drum and Bell, and fo continue
till the fecond part o f the N ight begins.
T hen they begin to give tw o Strokes,
and fo hold on till the third part * fo in
the third they give three, in the fourth
four, and in the fifth five. A t break o f
D ay they redouble their Strokes, as they
did at Night-fall. T h u s whenfoever a
Man W akes, in any part o f the C ity,
he hears the Sign (provided the W ind
does not hinder) and knows what a Clock
it is. W ithin the K in g’s Palace in Te-
hng there is a great Drum in a T o w e r ,
and in another a large Bell o f a pleafant
and harmonious Sound, and in thofe o f
the C ity a great Bell and a Drum fifteen
Cubits Diameter. T h ey have found out
a Method to meafure the parts o f the
N ight which well agrees with their won-
derful Ingenuity. T h ey make a fort o f
Pafte o f the D ull o f a certain fort o f
W ood (the Learned and Rich Men o f
Sandal, Eagle-wood, and others that are
Odoriferous) and o f this Pafte they
make Sticks o f feveral forts, drawing
them through a H ole, that they may be
o f an equal thieknefs. T h ey commonly
1
36k
.
Q\ 7
Book II-
make them, one, two, or three Yards
long, about the thieknefs o f a Goofe
Q jiill, to burn in the Paged* before their
Idols, or to ufe like a Match to convey
F ire from one thing to another. T befe
Sticks, or Ropes they C oil, beginning
at the Center, and fo form a Spiral co­
nical Figure, like a Filherman’s W eel,
fo that the laft Cirhle fhall be one, tw o,
o r three Spans Diameter, and will laft
one, tw o, or three D ays, or more, ac-
cording as it is in thicknels. T h ere are
o f them in the Tem ples that laft 10 , 20,
and 30 Days. T h is thing is hung up by
the Center, and is Lighted at the lower
end, whence the Fire gently and infen-
fibly runs round all the C oil, on which
there are generally five Marks to diftin-
guilh the five parts o f the N ight. T h is
M ethod o f meafuring T im e is fo exaft
and true, that they fearce ever find any
considerable Miftake in it. T h e Learned,
T ravellers, and all Others, who will rife
at a certain H ouf to follow their Buii-
nefs, hang a little W eight at the Mark
that Shews the Hour, they have a mind
to rife at, which when the F ire comes
thither drops into a BrafsBafon fet under
it , and fo the N oife o f it falling Awakes
them , as our Alarum Clocks d o ; but
w ith this difference that their Invention
is m ore eafy, and one that will laft 24
Hours does not coft above a Grain o f
Naples C oin, whereas our Clocks are
made o f feveral W heels, and fo D ear,
that only the Rich can Purchafe them,
Navigation is univerfal throughout all Naviga-
the Em pire 3 fo r there is fcarce any C i- tio n .
ty , or Village (efpecially in the Southern
Provinces) but enjoys the Conveniency
o f fome R iv e r, Lake, Canal, or A rm o f
the Sea that is N avig ab le; fo that there
are no few er People on the W ater, than
on the Land. It is no lefs pleafant than
wonderful to fee wherever there is a C i-
ty on the Land, another o f Boats is on
the W ater. W hen Veflels fee out early
in the Morning, or come in late at N ight,
they pafs for fome Hours among multi-
tudes o f Boats on both fides o f the Ri~
vers. Some o f thefe Ports are fo much
frequented, that it takes up half a D ay
to get out a-crofs the B o ats; andthere-
fore it may be find there are two Em-
pires in China, one on the Land, the 0-
ther on the W ater. Thefe Boats ferve
the Owners inftead o f Houfes, who are
Born and Bred, and Die in them, and
there they D refs their Meat, keep Cats
and D ogs, and breed Swine, Hens, Ducks,
and Geefe,
T here

”Clup. X.
« v ^ There are feveral forts o f Boats great,
Cemelli. and finall, for the Emperor, Manda~
1696. rtnts-, Merchants and common Sort. A -
^ V \) oiong the Emperor’s Boats, tbofe they
Sorts ot call Co-clown, terve to carry Mandannts
, to, and from their Employments. They
arebm ltlike our Cara vels'} but foLofty,
and fo curioufly Painted, especially the
■1 Gabbin where the Mandarine lies, that
they look more like Structures provided
for fome publick Solemnity, than com-
mon Boats. Thofe they call Leam-Chuen,
that is. Boats appointed to carry all forts
o f Provifions from the Provinces to the
Court, are not fo large, and to the Nufri-
ber o f 9999. T he Vanity o f that Na-
tion made them not add one more to make
up 10000, becaufe this Number is writ
with only twp fetters, T , and
Vm y which have nothing that is great
and magnificent either in W riting or
Speaking, and therefore do not deierve
to be us’d to exprefs fo great a multitude
o f Boats. The third fort o f the Empe*
ror’s Boats is calPd L m -y -C k u n , that
is, Boats that carry to Court the Empe-
ror’s Garments, Silks, jind Brocards.
T here are as ipany o f thefe, as P a y s in
the te a r , or 365, becaufe the Emperor
calling himfelf the Sou o f Heaven, all
Things belonging to him generally take
their Names from Heaven, the Sun, the
Moon, the Piagets, and Stars. Thus
Lum-y, fignifies, the Dragon’s Garment,
becaufe the King’s Devife copfifts o f D ra-
gons with five Claws, and therefore his
Cloaths and Moveables mult o f neceffity
be adorn’d with Dragons Embroider’d,
or Painted, in fine, there are other
light Boats, aW dLarnthum ., which are
long and flender, and ferve the Learned,
o f Rich Men that go to, or come from
Court. Within them is a fair Chamber,
or great Cabbin, a Bed, a T able, and
Chairs, to Sleep, Efit, Study, W rite,
and receive Vifits, as conveniently 3s i f
they were at Home. T he Mariners or
Water-men keep in the Head, and the
Owner o f the Boat yvitji his W ife, and
L Children in the Stern, where he drefles
* rileatfor them that fjire the Boat. T his
W fy A y'r. A -A
. /.
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,. pt . ■T"
(at
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WCH I N A.
lafb fort, and feveral others belong to
private Perfons, and are almoft innume-
table.
There is alfo an incredible number o f jioat3l)
Floats o f all forts o f W ood, going up
and down the Rivers and Canals o f Chi-
»<*; which i f they were all put together
would be enough to make another Bridge
like that o f Xerxes. Sometimes they Sail
feveral Hours, and now and then half a
Day among thefe Floats, which are fome-
times made o f Canes becaufe all forts
o f W ood fells well, and yields a good
Profit. T hey go to cut Tim ber in the
Province o f Suckucn, on the W eitern
Frontiers o f China, whence they convey
it to the Bank o f the River KUn, (by-
the Cbiticfes call’d the Son o f the Sea, as
jpeing the greateft in the Empire) and
joining them into Floats, carry them to
foyerai Provinces with little Charge, and
fell them to good Advantage. The length
and breadth o f thefe Floats is more or
lefs according to the Merchant’s A b ility;
the longcft are half a Spanijh League, ri-
dug two or three Foot above the Water,
T hey i$ake 'them after this manner*
T h ey take as mucf) Tim ber as is requi-
fite for their length and height, and
boring it at both ends, run Ropes made
o f Canes through the Hole's, and to thefo
they fatten other Trees, letting the Float
run down the R iver, till it be o f the
Length they defign. Then four Men ftand
upon the end with Oars and Poles, who
Steer, and make it go as they think fit,
and others about the middle to forward
and conduct it. Upon them they build
wooden Huts at equal diftanccs, cover’d
with Mats or Boards, which they fell all
together, , where they find Chapmen,
They lie in thefe Huts, and keep their
Goods in them. After this manner a vail
quantity o f Wood is convey’d to Peking,
tho’ nbove 70a PertHguefi Leagues diJEanc
from the Mountains where it is Cut. By;
what has been laid it will be cafy to
judge whether any Country in the W orld
out-does the Chmefes inNumbers o f Sea-
men.
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%66 A Voyage round the W O R L D . Book ill*

A Voyage round the World by Dr. John

Francis Gemelli Careri. Part IV.
Containing the moft Remarkable Things he law in
CHINA.

C H A P . I.
O f the N obility, Em pire , C iv ility , Politenefs, and. Ceremonies o f the Chinefes.

rsA /"* T F we apply the word Nobility to among the Defcendents o f Swords-men
Gemelli. I the State, and it be taken in a ge- an effed o f their Enemies Cruelty, whofe
1696. J L neral Senfe, as it denotes a Gran- Families would otherwife have continu’d
iy y y j deur and Magnificence continu’d for ma- Great and Noble as long as the Empire
Nobihty ny A g e s . jt is mofl- certain there never it felf. However there ftill Flourishes a
in gene- was jn \\rorid a raore glorious Em- Family, which has not only preferv’d its
pire than that o f China \ for it began Honour for above two and twenty Ages,
200 Years after the Flood, and has laft- but is at prefent equally honour’d by the
ed till this Day, for the fpace o f about great Men, and Commonalty, fo that it
4 559 Years. But if we mean only No- may truly be accounted the antienteft
bility o f Men, it mult be own’d there Fam ily in the W orld. It is the Family
is but little, for the following Realon. o f the famous Confucius, who liv ’d under
A ll the great Lords o f China, who are the third Imperial Family, call’d Cheu,
like fo many Dukes, MarquelTes, and 5 5 1 Years before the Birth o f Chrift,
Earls, continue in that State no longer which this Year 1699, is 2250 Years,
than the reigning Family, and all Perilh T h e antient Kings gave the Race o f
with i t } becaufe the Family that rifes Confucius the T itle o f Que-Cum, which is
inftead of the other that falls, puts them fomething like a Duke, or a C ount; and
all to Death, as has been feen in our they continue like Sovereigns, free from
Tim es. For this Reafon there was ne- all Taxes in the Province o f Xantung,
ver any nobler Family there than that o f and City o f Kio-feu, where he was Born ■,
Cheu, which continu’d 875 Years, and whithout having been ever molefted,
exp ir’d 2200 Years fince; no other lince tho’ the Empire and reigning Families
Extending to 300 Years. T his is to be have been feveral times Opprels'd. The
underftood o f Nobility acquir’d by the Chinefes give this Philofopher the moft
Sword ; for that which is got by the honourable Titles o f Cum-fu, Cum-fu-fu,
G ow n, was never o f any confiderable and Xim-gin } the two firft fignify Do-
Duration. For tho a Man Ihould rife to clor, and M after; the third Holy Man.
be Xam-Xu, which is the fupreme D ig- So that when they lay the Saint, or Ho-
nity o f the fovereign Courts at Peking 3 ly Man, it is to be underftood o f Confu-
or Colao, that is, firft Minifter, which is cius 3 he being accounted among the Chi-
the higheft pitch o f Honour and Wealth nefes a Man o f an extraordinary and he-
that Fortune can raife a Chinefe t o ; yet roick Prudence. This Nation has fo great
his Sons and Grand-children will be ex- a Veneration for this Philofopher, that
traordinary Poor, and forced to be Mer- tho’ it does not hold him as one o f its
chants, Retailers, and meer Scholars, as Gods ( but rather looks upon it as an ' N
their PredecelTors were. In Ihort, there Affront to have him reputed fuch) yet it
Is no Family o f Gown-men, that has honours him with more Ceremonies than
continu’d Great as long as any o f the it does the very Idols \ giving him T i-
reigning Families. ties lince his Death, which he could ne-
CmfucUat Neverthelefs that which is the com- ver obtain whilft Living ; as, Su-vam,
and his mon Calamity o f the Learned Men, is that is, King without Command, with-
Family‘ out

:i . ■ -
, ■ \, - - ■

Chap. I. Of C H I N A .
rs_ A -^ out Scepter, and without a Crown ;
Gemdli. and precious Stone without any Light,
1606. to exprefs that he had all the Qualities
, '■ ''V 'C belonging to a King, or Emperor, but
that Heaven was not favourable to him.
Ceremo- Many Volumes might be fill’d with the
4 nies.em ° " Chinefe Civilities,and Ceremonies. They
have a Book which con tains above 30 0 0 ;
and it is wonderful to fee how exadtly
they obferve them. A t Weddings, Fu-
nerals, Vilits, and Entertainments, the
Mailer o f the Houfe, tho’ he be a great
Lord, and of more Eminent Quality
than any o f the Guelts, yet gives the up-
per Hand to his Elders, thefe give it to
them that come from far off^ and all o f
them to Strangers. When an Ambafla-
dor comes, from the day he is admit-
ted as fuch, till he departs China, the
Emperor furnilhes him with all necef-
faries; even to Horfes, Litters, and
Boats. A t Court he lodges him in the
Royal Houfe o f Entertainment, where
every other D ay, he fends him from his
own Kitchin, a Treat ready d reft; for
he Glories much in entertaining Straa-
gers honourably.
N am es No Nation has lo many Honourable
andTities. Names and Titles, as Chinefes give one
another in their Compliments. They
have alfo a great number o f Names to
diftinguilh the feveral Degrees o f Kin-
dred : For Example, we have one we
Name Grandfather and Grandmother,
to denote both the Father and the Mo-
thers line, but they have four feveral
Titles. So we have no Name but that
o f Unkle, to fignify both our Father
and Mother’s Brothers, and the Chi-
nefes have Names to diftinguilh every
fort. They allb outdo all other Coun-
tries in their care o f making a good ap-
Cloaths. pearance,for there is no Man fo Poor, but
is decently and neatly Clad. A t the new
Year they are all trim’d up, and in new
Cloaths, fo that there is not one, tho’
never fo Poor that can Offend the Eye.
Their Modefty is no lefs to be admir’d.
Modefty. The learned, are always fo compos’d,
that they think it a Sin, to make the
. * leaft motion, which is not agreeable
to the Rules o f Decency and Civility,
The Women are fo Bafhful, Modeft,
and Referv’d, that thefe Virtues feem to
be Born with them. They live in per-
petual retirednefs *, never uncover their
Hands; and if they are oblig’d to give
any thing to their Brothers, or Kin-
dred, they hold it with their Hand co-
ver’d with the Sleeve (which for this
purpofe is long and wide) and lay it on
the Table that the Kinfman may take
it up.
■
<SL
n
The Chinefes reduce ail their Breed- Breeding*
ing to five Heads ; that is, the manner
o f Behaviour between the King and his
Subjeds; between the Father and Son,
the Husband and W ife, the Elder Bro-
ther and the Younger, and Friend and
Friend. T h e fe R u le sm a k e u p a c o n fi-
derable part o f their Morals, and are lb
tedious, that it is hard to decide, whe-
ther the Chinefe Ceremonies are to be
reckoned among their Virtues, or Vices;
for on the one Hand, they are certainly
extraordinary Courteous and Mannerly;
infomuch that their Country deferves
the T itle they give it, o f the Genteel
Kingdom ; but on the other Hand it
mull be laid, that Ceremonies are like
Perfumes, which us’d with Moderation
are Comfortable and Beneficial, but in
excels do harm and offend. They have
fuch and lo many Ceremonies, that eve-
ry indifferent Adion, is attended with
as many, as would ferve at a Solemn Sa-
crifice ; whence it is, that what in itfelf
is convenient, through the exceflive ufe
o f it becomes inconvenient,
Their common manner of Saluting
one another when they meet, is to lift Com!n®ri
up the Arms bow’d, with the Hands SalaCe‘
joyn’d , from the Brealt towards the
Forehead, higher or lower, according
to the Degree o f Refped they are to
p ay; and whilfl they do this, they often
repeat the W ord Zin. If the Ferfon
met, be o f worth, this lifting and let-
ting fall the Arms, begins at leafl 20
Paces from him, after which follows an-
other greater Act of Refpedf, which
they call Zoje, and is bowing the Body
profoundly, and Handing with the Feet
together, and at the fame time lower
the Hands joyn’d together, as at firft,
within the Sleeves, bending the Fore-
head as near as may be to the Ground.
Nor do they perform this facing one an-
other, but fide by fide, and looking
towards the North, if they are in the
Street and open A ir, and if in the Houfe
facing the front of the Room, for they
are ufually fo built, that the Door may
be to the South. This I believe they
do out o f the Modefty theyaffedf; and
that it may not look, as i f the one re-
ceiv’d that half Adoration from the 0-
ther, as if they ought to Pay it out o f
Civility, but not recieve it, as unwor-
th y; but whatever the reafon is, the
matter o f Fail, is as mention’d. If
learned Men who are in employments
meet, as they go either a Horfeback,
or in Chairs, carry’d by four or more
Men, the Inferior alights and begins to
give,
IP . <SL
/ f > —^

■ —
■»■-■■ - -— —-m
u,m
i| ---- - .... _ _ ;,
j68 A Voyage round the W O R L D, Book ill.
P -A -A give, and receive the ufual Compliments. a Hand. I f there were an hundred
GemelU. T he G umefa never take o ff their Cap*, Strangers, they all one after another
\6g6. for it is look’d upon as indecent for a perform that fame dulling or cleaning,
< /V S J Man to appear before any one bare head- which the M ailer accepts fo thankfully’
ed ; and therefore with great reafon the as if he were confounded at fo cxtraor-
Popes, to comply in fotne Mealure with dinary an Honour. N ext begins among
their (Softool, have difpens’d with our the Vifiters the Compliment about who
Priefts, to Celebrate Mals, and Admi- is to fit firft, and who next, a thing
nifter the Sacraments in China, with the long and tedious only to relate. A t
Head decently cover’d. length being feated, within lefs than a
Vlfits. As for Vifits among Perfons o f Qua- quarter o f an hour, the Servants come
lity, they make none, without fending in with the Difhes o f Chia or Tea-, and
a Sheet o f red Paper, a Span and a half if the Difcourfe holds any considerable
long, on which they write in courteous time, the Tea is brought in a 2d, and a
T erm s, that they are going to make the 3d time. T h e 3d fignifiesdifmilHng the
V ilit (without winch none would bead- Company, fo that he would be look’d
mitted) without omitting any thing o f upon, as unmannerly, who ihould not
the ufual Ceremonies, as will in the Sub- be gone when he had drank; and as well
feription, aS at the top, according to this, as any other thing they bring in,
the Condition, and Quality o f the Per- m ull be taken with both Hands, for it
fon to be viiited. A Servant carries would be counted incivility to ufe but
this Paper before, and if the Perfon to one. Then there are fo many Ceremo-
be vilited is not, or will not be at home, nies, repeated Bows, and counterfeit
it is left with any o f his Dom eftkks, Grimaces, as if they were really in earn-
and thus the Vilit is fully Paid. Some- e ll, in Conducing them back to the
times when they w ill not be at home* Door * that the fortifying themfeives
thy hang a little Tablet at the Door, on before-hand with Tea, feems to be ra-
which it is written, that the Mailer o f tlier of necellity, than a meer a d o f
the Houfe, is withdrawn to Study, or C ivility. Bur the ftrd s o f the Compli-
to his Pleafure H oufe; which is as much irent lies in the M ailer o f the Houle’s
as to fay, that he w ill not be troubled endeavouring toperfuade the Viiiter hy
with Viiits. T his Cuftom o f fixing Arguments and Prayers, to mount his
fome writing over, or about the D oor, Horfe before him j and in the Vifiter’s
is moll us’d by the learned, as one o f protefting the W orld lhall be turn’d
/ their commendable Cuiloms, being at topfy turvy, before he will do fuch a
the fame time a Declaration o f the Per- thing*, and in this he pcrlifts, and la-
fo n t hat lives there. W hen thejr have hours till he has got the better * for the
admitted the Vilit o f a Stranger or M ailer o f the Houle at M , after many
Friend, the place given him in the N or- Bow s, which are all anfwer'd, hides
them Provinces is on the right, in the him felf behind the D oor, or under a
Southern on the left, and the giving, great Urnbrello, and then he that has
refilling, receiving, and prefentiy re- prevail’d , mounts bis Horfe. But as
turning o f it, is a task which is notfoon loon as ever he is in the Saddle, the o-
a ta a e n d , always making the Bows a- ther pops out, and in their Language
bove mention’d. N or is there any lefs bids him A dieu % A dieu, replies the o-
trouble about placing the Chair<the Chi- ther, and often repeating ir, they parts
nefes in this particular,imitating the Euro- and not fo fatisfy’d, at 1 few Paces di-
feans, that is, in not fitting on the Ground itancc, they fend a Servant to one ano-
with their Legs acrofs, as is us’d in Per- ther, with a moll Obliging Compliment
fiu* and a great part o f the Eaft) for the o f Thanks.
Stranger fees the Chair for the Mailer o f T h e fending o f Prefents to one ano- n
the Houfe, and the Mailer for the Scran- ther among the Chinefes, is as ufual as rrerents'
g er, and i f they are already placed, yet vifiting, aud Cuftom has preferib’d Law s,
they touch them at Ieaft, and it is ob- in this particular. T hey write on a
ftr v ’d that the Chair, which is for the Sheet o f Paper in a very genteel Stile
worchidt Perfon, be at a certain diftance a ll they fend as a G ift, and perhaps as
from the Wall. Then that they may for the moll part it happens, that thev
be very dean, they feem to wipe them are things o f a very fmall value • but
over again, and ftro k eo ff any D ull that generally many of them, and o f feveral
may be upon them, with the flap o f the forts. But very often, before the things
great Sleeve, which is gather’d lo dex- are fent, the Paper goes, and he to
teroufly in the F ill, that it all looks like whom the Prefent is made, marks down
. as ma-

. 370
.' ' • , . " ■ ■.... ■ . . ... ...... T ■, . I:' . ; .■ .. t
|I| ' <SL
g j^Ti. Of c h i n a ! 369'
as many as he w ill receive, and i f he ger and the next to it o f the right Hanc/,
Gemelli. who is to make the Prefent has them not and the other moving with the fore and
1 696. hemuft buy them. Generally they mult middle Fingers ; and thus they eat fo
be fix feveral things ; and it is lawful dexteroufly, that they take up a Angle
to accept o f all or none, or what every Grain o f Rice, contrary to our Europe-
one pleafes; but whatfoever is receiv’d, ansy who have a great deal o f trouble be-
fo much mult be return’d, not in fpecie, fore they can ufe themfelves to i t : And
but in value ; fo that it is rather E x- ' as for Knives they have no need o f them,
changing than Frefenting. It is alfo the for all is brought up cut into very fmall
Cuftom to fend Mony, and fometimes Morfels. Difhes o f Fifh and Flefh al-
the Value o f a Naples Ducat, but with ways go together, that the variety may
fome elegant W ords in W ritin g ; for delight, being excellently feafon’d ; and
they are Prodigal o f their Breeding, but rather Numerous and Various than Plen-
fparing o f every thing elfe. tiful or Suffitient, and therefore the
A s concerning the Ceremonies o f En- P la te s, which are like little wooden
Tfeats' tertainments, from the Day the firfl In- Dilhes, or Bouls, in which they bring
vitation is made (which muft be fome theMeat, are fmall, but not thofe o f Sail-
D ays before, and be repeated three times, ces which are intermix’d to /harpen the
or elfe the Invitation would be void and Appetite. A fter Eating a few bits o f
never accepted) till the D ay after the that Halh that is fet before them, they
Feaft, when they interchangeably fend lay down the little Sticks, and the Glafs
one another T h a n k s; there are fo many, goes round; for among the Chincfcs it is
fometimes o f feveral forts , and fome- not Eating but Drinking that makes the
times the fame repeated, that any one Pleafure o f the Feaft. But to the end
who is not us’d to them from his Cradle, they may hold out Drinking fix Hours
would think it lefs trouble to dye for or longer, ftill in their Senfes, and dif-
T h irft, than undergo fo many Plagues courfing o f high Matters, they provide
to be made Drunk at a Chinefe’s Table, little Cups no bigger than a Nutlhel; be-
But they look upon all thefe as neceflary fides they fip it fo gradually, that they
things, and if any one were omitted put it to their Lips four or five times be-r
they would not think themfelves true fore they empty i t ; being accuftomtf
C'.vr.zfes, but barbarous People, and un- not to Drink at a draught, but lipping,
worthy to be Refpefted, as they con- So whether it be W inter or Summer-they
ceive they ought to be, by all the N ati- always drink their Liquor very hot;
ons in the W orld. T o come to the and this is believ'd to be the reafon why
p o in t; they fpend five or fix Hours o f the there they know not fo much as the
N ight appointed for the Feaft in Con- Names o f fome painful Diftempers that
verfation and Paftimes, with Mufick and abound in Europe, and proceed from a-
P lays: And this isfoufual at Entertain- bundance o f indigefted Humors, and
ments , that there are Companies o f weaknefs o f Stomach; as alfo o f their
A tto rs, who without being call’d, hear- enjoying Health and Strength till 78 or
ing where there is a great Supper, come 80, and fometimes 100 Years o f A g e ,
o f their own accord to A ft their Plays, to which many o f them arrive. T h eir
N ow if the Entertainment is not among Liquor is made o f Rice bruis’d in W ater,
poor People, there are as many Tables which being brought to fuch a ftrength
as Guefts, each a Cubit broad and a Cu- (like Beer or A le) is afterwardsdiftill’d.
bit and a half long. T h e Meat is N ow tho’ the Glaffes are fo fmall, they
brought in Dilhes o f Gold, Silver and drink fo often(efpecially towards the lat-
Purcellane. T hey ufe no Table-Cloths, ter end) that fo many littles make fuch
but clean Ihining Boards varnilh’d over an excefliye Quantity, that very often
with feveral beautiful Colours. N or do their Brains aredifturb’d ; and there-
they ufe Napkins, Knives, Forks, nor fore the Mafter o f the Houles Women
Spoons; nor do they ufe to wafh their are upon the watch to obferve how ma-
Hands before or after M eat; becaufebe- ny o f the Guefts tumble down the Stairs,
ing great Lovers o f Cleanlinefs, they to make fport at them afterwards with
never touch any thing that is fet before their Husband, who never thinks he has
them at Table with their Hands or Fin- made a good Entertainment unlefs fome
g e rs; but to carry it to their Mouth Body goes home D runk; otherwife he
they provide two little Sticks (o f Ivory, thinks, and is troubled that his Liquor
1 Ebony, or fome other precious W ood) was not good. But in thefe Feafts they
flender and about a Span long or m ore; have not that barbarous Cuftom o f mak-
the one held fall between the little Fin- ing thefe drink that are not a dry, or
A a a filling

ill
 ' G°‘^N\ " ’ .. -..■
IP
Voneround
r * J ^ S \ filling the Cup to a Man who is fo foil
Gemelll. that he is ready to run o ver; therefore
1696. it is ufual to place Skreeus before them
L / 'V V ) that they may not fee one another; but
the PJeafure of the Feaft, having nothing
elfe to do, and the Care of obliging
their Friend, are as powerful as Laws
to oblige them to Drink till they are
D runk; and the weak Liquor they ufe is
digefted with a very little Sleep.
, 1 will conclude this Chapter informing
H W-68 the Reader, that one o f the cardinal V ir-
courfe. tues (which among the Chinefts are very
many) is Civility and Decency in every
Action, and th is, not regarding the
W orth and Dignity o f the Perfon they
honour, but rather to latisfie an Ambi-
don that reigns in them all, of appear-
ing the moll Courtly and C iviliz’d Per-
fons in the World- For they ufe fuch
lofty and high forms o f Difcourfing even
withthemeaneft People, either by Birth
or Profeffiou, as might very well latisfie
C H A P . II.
Other Cujiom of the Chinefes.
‘ w f T I H E greateft Beauty o f the Chimfe
theirBeau* 1 W omen, confifts in having very
ty. little Feet j and becaufe this is a Beauty
that may be acquir’d by Art, which can-
not be in the Lineaments o f the Face,
they wrap up the Feet o f the G irls new
Born, and bind them fo hard that they
hinder their Growth, and make them
Cripples, there being very few that do
not feel it as long as they live. T his is
the Delign the ancient wife Inventers o f
this Cuftom had in Profpeft, viz.. T o
make Going uneafie to them, lb that i f
Modefty would not keep them at Home,
the Pain o f Going fhould be a Confine-
ment to them. T h o’ this be the chief
Beauty they boaft of, yet do not they
e^pofe or Ih ow it; for Modefty will not
permit them to go in fuch (hart Coats,
that their Feet, fcarce half a Span long,
may be feen under them. Bcfidc , they
always live among themfelves, and it
may be faicl in perpetual Confinement,
Remote, not only from the Puhlick, but
from their own Family, converfing with
Retir’d none but their own Sons, and thofe no
Lifc* longer than they are in the ftate o f In-
noccnce, no other fetting his Foot among
them. T h eir Apartment feparated from
the reft o f the Houfe, and without
Windows to the Street, hinders' their ap-
pearing where they may be feed. T hey
rarely go out of Doors, and this the
L . 1 >>n-
»
§L
TheWO R L D " Book HI.
a Prince j as for inftance, they give a
M uktier the T itle o f the great Rod or
W and; for it would be a great Affront
to call him by his right Name. Thus e-
very other Profeffion has its proper no-
ble fort o f N am e; and i f a Man is not
acquainted with his Condition, whom he
Difcourfes, he ufes general Term s of
Honour, and calls him Brother. There
is befides all this a particular Vocabula-
17 , or Dictionary to teach hoiv to name
all things that belong to one fell ieflen-
ing them, and thole that are anothers
magnifying them ; and to fpeak Other-
wile would be look’d upon as a great
Fault, not in Language, but in Breeding,
and down right Barbarous. Even the
Clowns brought up in the W oods, are
more Mannerly than thofe in other Coun-
tries who are bred in Cities; and the
molt Courteous and Mannerly People a-
mongus, in China would feem Rude and
Savage.
rich ones always do in a Chair not a bit
o f it open, and little left than Seal’d up
in it, without any the leaft hole to peep"
out at. O f all the 15 Provinces, only
that o f Tm m follows another Cuftorn in
this particular, conforming to the Liber-
ty us’d \nTibet-Tm cbin, and other adja-
cent Countries. T heir Garb is very
modeft, not open Neck’d to (how any
o f the Breafts; and unlefs neceffity re-
quires it they never pur. their Hands out
o f their Sleeves, which are w ide, not
even when they take any thing that is
offer’d them. If it is a Man that offers a
thing it would be undecentfora Women
to take it out o f his Hand ; but he mult
lay it On a Tabic or Seat, and (he take
' it thence, ftiil with her Hand wrapt up
and cover’d. T heir Features and Com-
plexion are not inferior to the European
W omen, and tho’ they have ftnall Eyes,
lying deep in, and their Nofe after the
fame manner, yet they do not look a-
mils.
T h is their retired Life is the caufe Carriages
they M arry, i f we may fo call it Blind-
fo ld ; for the Bride and Bridegroom ne-
ver fee one another till the Day flie is
brought to his Houfe. T he Fathers
make the Match without ever feeing or
Ihowing the Maid, and without asking
their Sons Approbation; or their being
allow’d to intermeddle or oppofe it.
Thus
';!||f§ ||:.. j|
t(l)|
Chap. IL 0/ C H I N A.
f'* sj^ S \ Thus they ate often contra&ed and pro-
Gemelli. mifed in the C rad le, being generally
1696. much o f an Age. T he Womens Porti-
on is no other but her Perfon, and that
enough if Ihe is Virtuous; but good or
bad Ihe carries not her Husband a crols,
and fo will not Ruin the Houfe (be comes
from, and where (he goes (he carries no-
thing to be proud of, or to upbraid her
Husband with. On the contrary the
Bridegroom fome time before the W ed-
ding, fends the Maid a certain quantity
o f Mony, as among indifferent People
is ufually agreed on, and among the
great Ones is according to their W orth,
and when it rifes to about a thoufand
Crowns it is counted very great. T his
is to furnilh the Bride with Houffiold-
Stuff, Cloths, and female Ornaments,
all which are afterwards carry’d with the
greateft State that may be before the
Bride. The Day (he is carry’d to her
Husband, a great Attendance goes be-
fore her with Kettle-Drums, and Pipes,
and many lighted Torches, tho’ it be at
Noon Day. After all comes (he, lock’d
up in a Chair carry’d by 4 Men, and be-
ing come to the Husband’s Houfe is de-
liver’d to him in that manner. Then
he opening the Chair takes out the W ife
he has never feen before; which, i f Ihe
doesmot pleafe him, he cannot poffibly
R ejeft. T h e Poor buy a W ife for 3 or 4
Crowns, and it is allow’d them to fell
her again, if they can find a Chapman,
He who is fo very Poor that he cannot
buy a W ife at fo low a rate, feeks out
for fome Body to fell himfelf to fo r a
Slave, and in Recompence receives a
W ife ; with whom, and the Children
that are born to him, he remains at the
difpofal o f his Matter. T h e fame hap-
pens to a free Woman if (he Marries a
Slave. For this reafon poor Men gene-
rally take but one W ife, whereas the
Rich, befides the chief W ife, which is
o f equal Quality to themfelves, take as
many others, or as few as they pleafe.
Sometimes they take one o f thefe 2d
W ives to get Iflue, and when they have
it, fell the Mother again, as having ta-
ken her only for that end.
Widows. T he Honour and Refpeft they pay to
Widowhood is very commendable. T o
Marry again, tho’ a Woman be left in
her P rim e, and without Children is
look’d upon as undecent ;■ and there
are few well Born who prefer their own
Satisfa&ion before their Honour, or the
T itle o f Mothers before that o f Cbaft-
Women. T h ey remain in the Father
in Law ’s Houfe, and there continue in
Vol. IV.
-V\>. v:. . ,
371
Widowhood , under a flrict Guard till
Death.
By the Laws o f the Kingdom no Man Miferable
may Marry a Woman o f his own Family, Conditidn
tho’ the Kindred be never fo remote. ofWomen
Only the f r it is counted the lawful
W ife, tho they may have as many as
• they pleafe and can keep. For thisrea-
fon it is, that they being in the nature
o f Slaves on account o f the Price given
for them, the Husband can fell them a-
gain to whom he pleafes. And i f the
Woman (hould happen to be a Chriftianj
and therefore refufe to go to the new I-
dolatrous Purchafer; (he will be com-
pell’d by the Magiftrate with much Beat-
ing. A Chinefe will make no difficulty
o f felling his W ife, or Daughter to a
Catholick European if he comes in his
way, who may keep her always as a
Slave in hisHoufe, but may not carry hef
out o f the Kingdom * and if he will re-
turn home he mutt leave or fell her.
T he Chinefe Marriage becomes firm . ( '
and valid and cannot be made void, when when'vk-
once the Bride has accepted o f the Gold lid.
and Silver Bodkins, Bracelets, and other
things the Bridegroom fends her fuita-
ble to her Quality. From that time for-
ward, tho’ the Husband (hould go out
o f the Kingdom, (he never Marries a-
gain, but will expeft him all her L ife
time. It is alfo cuftomary, when, the
Parents o f the Bride and Bridegroom
are agreed (and they have full Autho-
rity over tbeir Children, whom they ne-
ver emancipate) to give one another the
Name, D ay, Hour, Month, and Year
their Children were born in, to advife
with the Aftrologers, and when they
are o f Opinion that the Marriage may
be contra&ed, they fend the Prefents a-
bove-mention’d, and not otherwifei
In China that Son who does not Marry Procfeati.
is not look’d upon, as if he extinguiffi’d on enforc.
his Fathers Seed, and were ungrateful ed.
to him that gave him his Being. So a
M arry’d Woman accounts her felf un~
happy till Ihe has Children •, for till (he
has them (he may not lit at Table with
her Mother in Law , thofe who as yet
have no Iflue ferving her and the other
Fruitful one, Handing. This is the rea-
fon why, to avoid being in fuch ill R e-
pute among other Men, there is no
Man fo miferably Poor that does not buy
him a W ife-, nor any Woman that does
not endeavour to be got with Child.
Yet if they bring two or three Girles
without a Boy between, the Mother her
felf Kills and Strangles them faying,
the D evil is got into the Houfe. T his
A a a 2 Cruelty
' f ■;'!
r rb
111
,-}^2 A Voyage round the VV O R L D.
r ^ 0 7 c ru d cv is raoft praftis'd in civ. fouthern
0^ 2 fa rts o f c L * , whert the Men are for-
i 6 q6 cedto leek for W ives abroad. I bus the
Empire of O b* comes tobe .more po-
Dulous than any other that allows o f Po-
S « 2 f c rte Climate h g«od,
and the Women Fruitful ; it being rare
to fee any at A ge o f Procreation, with-
out one Child at her Bread, and another
by her Side, or in her Belly.
" The Magiftrates are fo intent upon
A picafanf j ncjeavouring to promote the good Peo
1 piinc of the C ountry• that the Superior
o f the F r a n d Jean Miilloners in C a n to n ,
had like to make me die with Laughing*
when he told me a Story o f the petty
K in g o f that Province, to this purpofe.
t h e r e w e re f e v e r a lW o m e n in P rifo si, bein g
e ith e r th e W i v e s , D a u g h te r s , or K in d r e d o f
T h ie v e s who h a d b e e n E x e c u te d or w ere Fled.
t h e p e tty K in o th a t th ey m i f h t n ot .lye f a i r
l o w , rM a r r y ’a th e m by L o t t~o t h e .a h er F ri~
(o n ers a fte r th is m a n n e r. H a t i n g ca u s’d
th e m a ll. T o r n ? , O ld , H a l t a n d L a m e , to
b e b ro u g h t to h is C o u rt, he m a d e e v e r y one
le a v e fam e p a rtic u la r T o k en upon th e .G ro u n d j
th e n tu rn in g th e m by b rou gh t in th e W o m e n ,
o r d e r in g th e m to chufe e v e r y one a H u s b a n d ,
ta k in g up one o f thofe T oken s. T h is done
th e H u sb a n d s a p p ea r’d , a n d m a k in g e v e r y
one ow n his ow n T o k e n : T h e re a p p e a r'd a
y o u n z W o m a n M a r r y d to a n O ld o r L a m p
M a n , a n d a B lin d or H a l t to a y o u n g O n e.
T h e young M e n o r W o m en fo ill M a t c h ’d
m a d e a th o n f m d C o m p la in ts, b u t th e p e tty
K in o who w a s a p lea fa n t M a n , bein g r e a d y
to tu r f w ith L a u t h m g , u p b ra id e d th e m
w ith th en ■own I n d f fc r e tim in n o t m a k in g a
g o o d C hoice i faying, th ey ought to th a n k
th e m fe lv e s f o r th e ir M is fo r tu n e , (trice th e
C h o ic e w a s le f t to th e m .
T he T a r ta r s do not buy their W ives,
Marriages but receive Portions, tho’ very iaeonfi-
‘ a derable. W hen any one Marries his
Daughter to her equal, the Portion is
not above So Cows, Bp Horfes, So Gar-
nieats and the like number o f other
thinak according to the condition o f the
Couple. b land Pieces o f Eight to buy Silks. For
B y all that has been hitherto laid, the
Cnea Reader may peceivc that the Chinefes are
very fharp W itted, and exceed the E u -
ropeans in Ingenuity, yet nothing has
been faid o f the Cunning o f the poor
Commonalty, taught them by Nature to
«et their Living. They are fo crafty at
Cheating, that an hundred Eyes would
b e to o little for Strangers, tho’ never
fo watchful to eicape themf for they
have wonderful Slights o f Hand and o-
ther Arts to deceive the Sight. A thou-
land moll pleafant Inventions o f theirs
1 might
r :
3 :
<SL
Book ! 11.
are told about. Am ong others they
carry■ fhwll (harp 1 ools.m their N a b ,
which they wear very long, to cut fui *
fes. Oa the contrary ibe Merchants,va;
loe themfelves upon bang J h» , . and w e
r a ll y .f t , lor lo v a b le ,
and they will hazard their tread to keep
their W ord $ vvhi.a ih z E itr o p e a n s ; oam
to their no little Aftpmfhment when they
firft begun.to Trad?. And would thefe
who ought io have given, would have
follow’d their good Example, and as-
tin a ’d Houefty tor Hoaellyy ana then
they would not have found them m pro-
cefs ot lim e, as they have dope, mope
Fade and Deceitful than them R i ves. i,o
this .purpofe 1 ft p relate a true Story
told me-by tfaeS/-w#FaiherS,Wlffipne:rS. Apleafant
I n e Dutch w h o c a m e f r o m Batavia to Return
T r a d e » China, w ou ld h a v e .c h e a te d t h e upon the
Chinefes, g i v i n g th e m a g r e a t q u a n tity o f Dutch,
f a l j e M a n y * w h ic h in a B a r g a in o f fe m e
h u n d re d t h o n f m d C row n s , m a d e m ihssft
co u ld n ot a ll he v i e w ’d a t l e a f ir e . 7 h ey
S ig n ’d thr. C o n tr a c t, a n d th e r e tu r n -
m g th e n e x t Y e a r to B u y , th e y g a v e th e m
a n Oliver fo r their Rowland. For tak~
in g n o n otice o f th e C h e a t pu t upon / k m , a s
th e Ships w e re d ifp a tc h in g , th e y J oed th e y
h a d m o ft a d m ir a b le n ew F a f l m Stuffs y u f
th e n com e f r o m Nanking. In f l o r t th ey
f l o w ’d th e Dutch th e S tu ffs, a n d a g re e in g
f o r f e v e r e d thou [a n d P ie c e s, w h en th e y c a m e
to d e liv e r th e m , a n d th e Dutch h a d v ie w d
a g r e a t m a n y , a t L ift to a v o id th e T ro u b le
o f e x a m in in g a ll, b e c a tfe th e y w ere to be
g o n e fpte d d y , th e y took th e .r e ft upon C o n -
te n t. 1 he Chinefes m a M o m e n t ch an g d
th e B a le s f o r o th ers m a d e up o f old L a g s ,
a n d fo th e Dutch c a rry in g th e m a w a y
p a d o f Stuff's, w e n put upon to m a r e h f s
th a n w h a t th e y g o t b y the f a l je A to n y . I hey
endeavour’d to be Reveng d the enfoing
Tears, but the Chinefes would not ad-
nut them to Trade. They did not be-
have themfelves fo with th e S p a n ia rd s
whilfl I was in C h in a , a Veiled coming
from M a n i l a to M a c a o , with i Sq thou-
the S p a n ia rd s requiring to have them
wrought after their Falhion (which dir-
fe n much f rom that o f China) that they f i
might carry them over to New Spam,
and finding none Inch ready, tbeydiftn-
buted the Mony among feveral Mer-
chants, for every one of them toiunnfii
fo many C h elh o f fudi W ork as they a-
greed upon; and in ihort within the
fpace of five Months, the Silks were
W ove, and deliver’d punctually accord-
ing to the Price and Goodqels mat had
been agreed; tho’ among fo many there
.
’' x - x ' *
flI C h q T l ) . ______ O f ' c H I N AT
might perhaps be one, that furnilh’d the
Gtmtllu buyers with the quantity, but not the
1696. quality o f the Stuffs 5 which mult not
g e thought any extraordinary m atter,
confidering the Ihortnefs o f the time,
and the vail quantity, which could not
have been got together in -Italy, in five
Years.
Prefence A s for the outward appearance o f
Of the the Chinefes, it Ihews them as much
Chinefes. Men 0 f Parts, as any others whaifoe-
v e r ; not only for their N oble G arb, but
for their G ravity, and the Modeft com-
portment o f their Perfons, the M ajelty
o f their looks, and for their Stately and
Graceful Meen. T o turn the head light-
ly about, would look among them, as i f
a Man’s Brain were light. Oaths or W ords
that have any tafte o f imm odelty, are ne-
ver heard, but from the Mouth o f fome
bafe mean Fellow s, and that very rarely.
T o make L ove, o r play the Beau, are
things fo far from being us’d, that they
have no W ord s to exprefs them ; be-
caufe a W om an’s Face is never feen,
neither at W in d o w , nor elfewhere ;
for it were alm oft the fame thing to have
a chinefe W om an, feen as i f Ihe w ere
half ravilh’d
Peaceable T h o ’ China may be call’d the Country
behaviour o f Candidates, or Men afpiring to P re-
ferments there being no other like it
m the W o rld , where every Man o f the
meanelt condition, thinks he has an un-
doubted right, to become greater than
another and ill his Learning deferve it,
to rife to the highelt D ignities, above
which there is none but the C r o w n ; y et
they all know how to conceal their E -
mulation, E n v y , Rancour and M ortal
Enmity under the appearance o f fin-
cere A ffeaion ; and tho’ the hatred they
bear one another be never fo great, yet
they never fail to pay one another the
Ceremony of Bow in g, Kneeling, and
Bow ing the Forehead to the G round,
according to the D ignity and Em ploy-
ment o f the P e rfo n ; thinking they herein
a d the Manly p a r t , andfhow them felves
eafy and well Bred. It is a receiv’d
Maxim among them,that to draw a Sword
acainll one another, is not the part o f
M eir and that W a r is nothing but a w ild-
dnefs reduced to Rules,which the Savage
Bec.fts have not. T h at Humanity is
the property o f Man, and therefore,
they pretend there are none like them
in the W o rld , for living up to the Rules
o f Reafon ; they affeft an eafy meek Be-
haviour to fuch a D egree, that to be in
a Paffion among them, is like laying a-
iide Humanity, and becoming a Beall,
37T
<SL
or at lcafta Barbarian. Hence it is,that a-
mong them there is no open profeltEnm i-
ty,much lefs anyFaftions,Riots,or bloody
Frays. T h e ir Fills are the only W ea-
pons they fight Duels w ith ; in which
the worlt thing that can be done (this
is to be underftood o f mean Perfons) is
1,0 tear ones Enemies hair, for the
difgrace is more relented, than the Pain.
T h e wifefl: and m oll Honourable Per-
Eons it they, are (truck, f ly ; and that
w ay get the better, becaufe the Honour
o f the Battle conlifts in a Man’s over-
coming him felf with V irtu e , not the
A d verfary with force. So that running
aw ay, inllead o f being a difgrace to the
Chinefes, makes them at once Trium ph
o ver themfelves, and their Enemies,
who are overcome by the Paffion o f A n ­
g e r, and therefore rather Bealls than
Men. T h e T ru th o f it is, the Chinefes
are Men o f Courage, little effeminate,and
mean Spirited, putting up all wrongs
Patiently.
T h e y are at the fame time indefati- Hardineft.
gable,ufing themfelves from their infancy
to carry on their back a Yoke with aequal
weights to i t ; which they increafe from
tim e,to time,as they grow up;from which
Fatigue,even the Poor Country W om en
are not exem pt, who befides all other
Female D uties, dig, and do other drudge-
ries. In the Boats they row , or tow
them along, like fo many M ares, and do
a ll the Service o f a Sea-man, with a
Child all the while ty'd to their B a c k ;
and at N igh t they have no other Supper,
but a little boil’d Rice, and a DecocTon
o f wild Herbs, to drink inllead o f T ea.
T h eyh avean artificialP o tto d refsth eir Pot3,
Meat, in which the W ater goes about,
and the F ire Hands in the m iddle; fo *
that any thing is boil’d in a Ihorter um e,
with lefs trouble, and coll. Having no
other M aterials to make G lafs of, they
make them o f R ice, as was faid before,
and o f beautiful Colours.
T h ey have invented a Table or Board, calling
with a firin g o f wooden Counters, to Accounts,
Add, Subftraft, M ultiply and D ivide,
and they are quicker at them, than the
belt accountant in Europe. T o tell Mo-
ny, they have another Board with an
hundred Holes, into which they pre-
fently clap as many Pieces of Mony, and
fo tell them in a moment, and fee whe-
ther they are good. If they do not; liKe
one Profeflion, at the Years end, they take
to another, being handy at every thing,
T h ey are Ingenious in p k y m g a t any
Game ; as Cards, C h e f, which they call
K e, D ice, T ab les, a Sport like F o x and
G ecfe,

^74 A Voyage round the W O R L D.
^ C / * » Geefe and the lik e ; but what ruins them;
Gemelli. is their Metna, at the new Year, which
1696. is Even or Odd, guciling at little heaps
o f Mony, at which Sport they ruin one
another.
A trick to Some make an ill ufe o f their Ingenu-
Rob. in to make a compofttion they call Xi»
am- which being fmoak’d in a Room,
puts all the People in it, belide them-
ielves, and renders them immoveable,
whilft they rob the Houfe. W ater is a
powerful Antidote againft it.
, The Chineft s generally drink hot, and
and 0 eat cold, juft contrary to the iEuropeans;
Drinking, nor will any bf them’ ever rcfrefh their
Palates with cold W ater, tho’ the W ea-
ther be never fo hot, or they droughty
with Travelling ; but wait patiently till
they have it fo hot, that it fcalds their
Lips; fo that they think it aMadnefs when
they fee an European drink cold Liquor,
A s for their Meat, it grows fo cold,
that it has no Relifh, they fitting whole
days chatting at Table, for they are na-
totally Very talkative.This is not us’d on-
ly by the poor People, but among the
Mandanrus and great on es; who tho’
they furniih their Tables with Birds
Nefts, which coft 300 pieces o f Eight,
a Meafure, the Fins o f Sharks, the Si-
hews o f Stags, precious Roots, and other
things of great Value, yet they prate
fo long that all grows cold. Befides
all their delight, and the beft o f the
Feaft conlifts in Drinking, as was faid
befoi e, to promote which, o f the Ser-
vants appointed to attend each Table,one
comes every now and then and kneels
down,praying the Guefts to d rin k ; then
comes another,and intreatsthem to emp-
ry their Dirties, fometimes one way and
fometimes another; for if the Guefts do
pot go home drunk, he that treats is much
troubled, as if his Dinner had not been
good and his Liquor poor. Therefore to
compafs their delign, after Supper, they
treat with a Play, and after the Play,,
they cover another Table o f Sweetmeats,
and then another with Fruit, to entice the
Company to drink, and fend them home
in their Servants Arms. Thole that are
Temperate, may pour the Liquor on the
Ground, without being reputed uncivil,
by way o f Pledge, there being a board be-
fore them for this purpofe,that the others
may not obferve them. A t the conclufion
o f the Feaft,they obferve a Cuftom, which
perhaps no other Nation will approve of,
which is, that every one o f the Guefts,
leaves 8 or roPieces ofeight,more,or lefs,
according to his Quality who treats,in the
hands o f a Servant; and tho* the Matter o f
<SL
':r'- < w* s iP
__ .-— ——— ~.*t
Book III.
the Houfe (like Phyfitians who hold out
their Hand at the fame time they feem to
refufe by Words) pretends to be affront-
ed at it, yet the Cuftom is well known,
and every otie leaves as much as will pay
for the Play and l iquor.
T h e Mandarines ufe themfelves to eat Hare
fuch things as are naturally violently hot, DHhes.
not fo much out o f Riototrfnefs, as to
provoke Luff, and procure Vigour, to
pleafe fo many Women, arid get many
Children by them; and becaufe we have
mention’d fbme forts o f Meat quite un-
known ill Europe,it will be proper to give
fome acount o f them. The Birds Neffs
are taken on the Coaft o f Cechinchina, the
Iflands o f Bornco^Calamianes.zxxi others of
the Archipelago o f S. Lazaro, where they
are built upon inacceffible Rocks, by cer -
tain Birds like Swallows, fo artificially
that they are eaten fteep’d in warm W a-
ter,to take out any Feathers there may be
in them. It j s not known to this Day;
whetherthey*aretm deofClay,orofwhat
the Bird fetches from its Stomach ; but
they are o f great nooriihment, andtaft
like the Italian VtrmkeUu T h e Shark is
a Fiifi that feeds upon Mens Bodies, and
is found all about the Archipelago of S.
Lai.aro, the Chinefes draw certain Sinews
out o f their Fins, which they eat. The
Root Infen is brought out o f the Province
o f Lem ung, and is bought for its weight
in Gold, becaufe it is exedlive hot, and
very nourifhing, which makes them fay
that i f a Man carries it in his Mouth 3 days
together without eating, he will feel no
faintnefs. They alfo ufe abundance o f
Spice, and EfTences for the end we have
fpoken of.
T h e Laws o f the Empire are fo fevere Education
to oblige Parents to give their Children 0f Chil-
good Education, that if it happens any of dren,
them commits a Crime, and cannot be ta-
ken,theMagiftrate fecures the Father,and
Baftinadoes him* for not teaching his Son
good Manners. T he Government alfo
takes care o f the economy o f Families, for
the Publick good; on which account they
tell us a very notable Paflage. A Manda-
fine hapned to go along a Street, where a
Mother-in-law was crying out againft and
Curling her Daughter-in-law , and her
Husband ; Inquiring into the Caufe, he
gave the Emperor an 'account o f it, who
order’d that theDaughter-in-iaw,and her
Husband Ihould be Challiz’d, his Father
ihould have his Head cut offhand the:Man- .
darint iof the Place be depriv’d o f his
Command.
The Chinefes Smoke much Tabacco but Tabacco,
after another manner,than is us’d among
us

• ^ . ,„'
Chap* IL 0 / C H 1 N At
fv A -o us. They cut it extraordinary finail, and
Gemelli. having dry’d it in an Oven, they wet it
1696. with hoc Waters to make it ftrong, and
C /'-y 'S Jtherefore they that are not us’d to it can-
not bear the Smoak. T ho’ they always
carry theirPipe,andaPurfcofTabaccoby
then fide,yet they fmoke but once an hour,
and the Women do fo too, efpecially the
Tartars.
chairs, T he Chincfes fiton highGhairs, and ufe
Fans, and Tables like ours in Europe. T h e y do not
Umbrel- value Jewels, or other things that have
loes‘ their value only from Opinion, but Gold
. and Silver which have an intrinfick value,
In the City,and about it,they alwayscarry
Fans, tho’ it be W inter yand in the Coun-
try Umbrelloes, tho’ they have Hoods to
defend them againft the Sun.
T hey call People by the Strname Crib,
ancTsir- anc* t^ie[1 by c^e Name,contrary to the E h-
names. ropeans,w ho fpeak the proper Name firft,
and then the Sirname. They do not take
the Names o f their Idols, but theSons are
call’d by the Parents,by theNamesof ther,
2, 3, 4,e^c. Others have their Name from
fome accident happening before their
Birth, as the Fortunate, the M erry, the
Pleafing, & c. T ru e it is, that whilft the
Chinefes reign’d, if. was cuftomary at 14
years o f Age,to give Names to the Males,
putting on their Heads the Country Cap,
cad the Females with the Bodkins to bind
theirHair about,calling them dll then, the
1 ft,2d,.d r. which was perform’d with as
much Solemnity as the W edding ; but
the Tartar now Reigning, abolifh’d that
expenfive Cuftom.
Food T h eChinefes fell all things even toHens,
* and Chickens by weight *, but cheap,fel-
ling a Pound of 20 Ounces fo r 20 lie n ,
which make 3 Grains and a half o f Naples
Mony. They themfelves confume but lit-
tie, the Poor People filling their Bellies
with Rice, and Herbs dry’d in the Sun,
that they may lye long in the Stomach,
Antiqui- T h ey'ilave a §reat Efteem for any An-
ties.J tique pieces o f any Metal or Shape .what-
foever, not regarding the Workmanfhip,
fo they be old; and therefore the r ougher,
and more confum’d they are by time, the
H more they are valu’d,and fold the dearer,
/ T h ey alio highly prize antient Manu-
« fcripts, that are in a fair Hand, with the
Author's Seal to them.
Duty to T h e N a m e so f Father and Mother in
Parents* China are facred , the Children believing
that all the Bleffings o f this L ife, are the
reward o f loving their Parents, and ferv-
ing them with Humility,nor does Hiftory
furnilh us with Examples o f any Nation*
that has fo fully paid the filial Duty,as the
Chincfes do. There are young labouring
Men,whofoi G rie f o f theirTFathersdeatb*
;g :] f .r .
<SL
n
. .. .,4
3 11
fait all the days o f their Life,without ever
eating Filb or Fiefh, Eggs, or any white
Meat, that chisPennance may avail their
Souls.
They are much addicted to Superftid-
ons, and Auguries. T hey conclude no
match, without confulting the A ftrolo- £uPerft^
g ets; nor do they bury the Dead w ith o u tCl0ti*
appointing a Fortunate day, for which
reafoningreatCities,io,or2ooooCoffins,
with dead Bodies, are carry’d out toge-
ther to be bury’d in the Mountains. A ll
the Gates o f the Courts o f judicature,out
o f a Superfticious Cuftom, are made in
the South W all. They look upon it as a
very ill Omen, to have Churches erefted
to the true God, in the Country or V il-
lages, as fearing fome o f the People
fhould dye upon it. And to fay the truth,
it looks as i f God were refol v’d to try
the fteadjsefs o f the Chinefes * for it is
a&ually obferv’d, that after the build-
ing o f fome Church, more People than
ordinary die ; as alfo the Brothers, Chil-
dren and other Kindred o f the Chinefe
that is newly converted ; as the Fathers
MiffionCrs themfelves told me. For this
reafon fometimes when the Miffioners
would E re d a new Church; the Chincfes
not being able to obftrud it legally, as
long as the Imperial Pcrmiffion holds,
they raife a Mutiny of the Rabble to 0-
verthrow it, fo that the Miffioners are
forc’d to have recoilrfe to the M agif.
trates. Thishapned to the SpanifhFranf
cans, whilft I was at Canton. T h ey g o -
ing about to build a Church in a Village*
diftant from the City, for the ufe o f the
Chriftians;and having bought the Ground
and Materials, the Peafants mutiny’d,
and aflembling in a Riotous manner, by
beat o f Drum, went to hinder the W ork,
T h e Fathers were forc’d to get a M anda-
m e to go thither, at the fight o f whom*
all thofePcafants fell on theirKnees along
the Road, befeeching him to have fome
regard for their Lives, which would not
be fecure, i f the Europeans fettled in their
Village. A t length the bufinefs was com-
pos’d after this manner. T h a Mandarine
order’d the W ork fhould go on ; but that
when the Mafter Beam, or higheft T im -
her was to be fet up, the Bonz.es fhould
have notice given them ; that they might
cover the Idols, who, otllerwife would
be frighted to fee fo high a Fabrick rais’d
and thus the Peafants might notlofe their
Eun-fcivy,that is their Fortune T h is Su­
perftition extends even to the Stru&ures
of th eChinefes themfelves,(tho’ notlookkf
upon as altogether fo Fatal) none being
permitted tobuild bis Houfe higher than
his Neighbours, fo rfe a ro f taking away
th eir
'y M K m - :, .... 4 ^ • ; : . . 4 ^ ; , . , , . a
f c ^ \ ■ /n
(!m ?) . .
' ’ r a M if
276 A Voyage round the W O R L D. __Book Ell.
f S j ^ i their Funfcivj. In the Suburb o f Canton*
Cemetli. going into a Pagod, I faw two live
1696. Snakes before the Idol, in a Bafon, to
u 'V N J try thofe that were accus’d o f T h e ft;
fo great is their Superfticion. T h ey
were to be laid on the Body o f the Per-
fon accus’d ; if they Bit him, he was re-
puted Guilty ; i f not, Innocent. T h ey
call this Pagod, Sm -Kiai-m ian.
No vaga- All Officers and Magiftrates purfue
b o n d s/ Robbers fever el y, to make the Roads
fafe, and take care to extirpate Vaga-
bonds, Puuilhing them feverely. T h e
Blind, the Lame, and fuch like, have
Employments found for them, according
to their Ability. The Old and Difabled
are Fed by the Emperor, who keeps
10 0 in every C ity, more or lefs accor-
ding to its Greatnefs. T his produces
not only Peace and Quietnefs, but Plen-
ty, becaufe all Men apply themfelves to
T illage, and there is not a Foot lies
Industry wade throughout the Empire. They ufe
fome artificial Plows that can be drawn
by one only Buffalo ; and they W ater
the Land as Ingenioufly, drawing W ater
from the bottom o f the River. Others
get their Living by Filhing, not only with
many and divers forts o f Nets, Hooks,
and Traps o f Boughs placed in the W a-
. ter, but with Birds like our Sea Crows,
tuning,. from wll0in they cannot Efcape, tho’
they were hid under the Sand. The Bird
eats only the fmalleft, becaufe the cun-
ning Chwejes put a Ring about its Neck,
that it may not fwallow the great ones.
B'rdinff T he Birds they catch in Nets, Snares,
and other Inventions. T he wild Geefe
CHAP.
The Habit, Weapons, and Coin of the Chinefes.
'Q E f o r e the Tartars rul’d, the Chinefes
J t > wore their Hair long, winding it
nefes. about on their Pole, as the Women do
with us (but without making it into
T reffes) making a large Role o f it,
through which they us’d to run large
Silver Bodkins, as well to bear it up as
for Ornament; fo that there are ftill at
Maine a, and other Places, fome o f thefe
Chinefes who are call’d Hairy. But fince
the Tartars Govern, they have been all
commanded to cut it o ff upon pain o f
D eath; and to go after the Tartar Falhion
with their Heads Shav’d, and only a T u ft,
as the Mahometans wear i t ; but ftill with
this difference; and the Chinefes wear it
platted, or wreath’d , and fometimes
hanging down to their Heels. T h e / a l-
1 f( j
■ '•■ <£[[.
’ ^ a+?I * , I
as cunning as they are to fave themfelves,
cannot eicape ; for the better to deceive
them, they keep certain floating Veflels
upon the Waters they refort to, and
when the Geefe are after fome Days well
us’d to them, fo as not to be afraid, they
make two Holes in them, and clapping
them on their Heads, go up to the Neck
in the W ater, fo that thofe Velfels may
feem to be Hill Floating, and thus draw-
ing near to the Geefe, before accuftom’d
to fee thofe things, draw them down by
the Legs, and having catch’d as many as
they can carry, come out o f the W ater.
T he Chinefe Judges, to deter the Peo-
pie from committing Crimes, ufe to put
the Body o f the Party kill’d or murder’d
in a Coffin, in the Houfe of the Murde-
rer, till he Compounds with the Friends,
This I faw pra&is’d upon Emanuel de
Aranjo, at Macao, becaufe a Servant o f
his being a Black o f Mangiar Maffen,
had kill’d a Chinefe, who provok’d him
by ftriking him over the Face with a
Frog, which is a thing they hate. And
tho’ Aranjo had kill’d the Black, and of-
fer’d to pay a thoufand Taes, yet he
could not prevail with the Kindred to
Confent that the dead Body lhould be *
taken out o f his Houfe. T he Chinefes,
tho’ Idolaters, are not fuch Bigots as
thofe on this fide Ganges; for they eat
Beef, Swines Flefh, Frogs, Dogs (which
they are great Lovers of, and there are
Shambles of them) and all forts o f liv-
ing Creatures. N or do they make any
fcruple to Converfe, Eat, and contra^
Affinity with Chriftians.
HI.
fo forbid their large Garments with wide
Sleeves, to bring up the Tartar Fafhion;
which the Chinefes did, and do ftill bei-
noufly Refent.
T h e Tartar Habit, now worn in Chi- Their
na, is in Summer, a Maozu, or Cap in CaPs*
the Ihape o f a Cone ciirioufly made o f
Silk, or Indian Canes, and cover’d with red
H orfe-H air; within it is lin’d with T af-
fety, and has a Knot to bind it under
the Chin. In W inter they wear it o f
the fame Shape, but o f Silk quilted with
Cotton, adorn’d about the Edge with
fine Furs, and cover’d with ffiagg’d Silk
inftcad o f Hair. It is generally Crimfon,
and few wear it Blew, or Black: A t the
end, or point of it they fix a piece o f
Amber, or Glafs made o f Rice.
When
v
id)!
/ / > — n ***a
Chap III. 0/CTH t N X
W hen they fay Mafs, and Admioiftei*
Gemelli. the Sacraments, all our MilTloners wear
1 696. a black Cap, with four fquare Pieces
hanging down from it to the Ears, o f e-
Mifiioners qiiaj length, and becoming, and behind
Cap3’ two Labels like thofe o f a Bilhop’s Miter,
T h is Faihion being brought up by the
antient Learned Chinejes, the Fathers o f
the Society to diftinguifh themfelves have
added upon every Square three Arches
iike Gates, made with a G old Breed.
Shirts. T heir Shirt is call’d KuazJu, and is L a-
ced under the right Arm on the lides,
and under the T hroat. It reaches down
half way the L eg , with long narrow
, Sleeves. Over it they wear wide Bree-
Breeches- ches dowQ t0 their Heels, which they
call Ku-Ziuy or Z evy} ty ’d with a Silk
Ribbon, at which hangs the Purfe o f
Tabacco, the Flandkerchief, K n ife, and
the little Sticks to eat with in a Sheath.
But the N obility wear a Silk G irdle w ith
Stockins. gilt Buckles, and Jew els. T h e Hofe they
generally wear are o f Silk, or Cloth o f
Silver, and call’d V va z i.
upper T h e Nobility add to the Shirt (which
Garment, ferves the mean Sort for a V e il) a lo n g
black Garment, call’d PaeXM, o f a V iolet,
or other Colour (w ith narrow Sleeves,
which at the end have a little turning up
like an Ear) which when Button’d from
under the right A rm down to the Feet,
is girt with a filkea Ribbon call’d th y -
xj*. O ver this Garment they wear the
Gnaytaoy which is exaffly like a Rift op’s
Rochet, but without the little Hood,
ar.d with wide Sleeves, and this is But-
ton’d upon the Breaft. T h e Learned
w ear it long, ordinary People fliort,
and the Tartars very Ihort.
BuskinS. T h e Learned, who are carry'’d about
the Cities in Chairs, wear Buskins o f
Silk (inftead o f Shooes) call’d X iven ty
o f feverai Colours. The common Sort
w ho walk a-Foot have them o f very foft
Leather, with the Soles full o f N ails,
' to make them laft the longer, and keep
out the W et, for they ufe no Heels,
T h e Shooes worn by T rad in g, and in-
ferior People are open without any Bind-
ing, but clofe behind. T h ey are made
o f Silk, o f all Colours, with Soles of
Stuff, and they are call’d Hiay. Both the
G entry and Commonalty o f both Sexes,
ufe the Fan, or Scez.it and Um brella, as
well in Summer as W inter.
- Women’s T h e W omen wear the fame Garm ent,
Apparei. but Button’d before the Breaft, and
ftraiter about the Neck for Decency,
with the other o f the fame Cut as men-
tioa’d above. T h e ir Shooes differ from
the Men’s, in that they are clofe, and
/ Vol IV .
§l
^
_ 171
with Heels. But their Head-drefs is
handfome, becaufe their Hair is gene-
rally Long, and Black, and they Anoint
it with ftveral forts o f Oil and Gums,
to order it as they pleafe. On the Fore-
head they make a Roul or Bunch with a
fmall Iron v/ound about with Silk, which
afterwards they cover with part o f the
loofe Hair, Ihining with the Oil and
Gum. W ith part o f the reft they make
a R ole behind on the Pole, and what re*
mains is divided into two Locks, which
fall gracefully upon the N eck, like
W ings. In tbeNorthern Countries they
wind the Flair behind the Flead without
W reathing ic, and then cover it. with a
thing like a little D iih, curioufly made
o f Silk, and Embroider’d. In Peking
they add a black Handkerchief wrapp’d
round, becaufe o f the violent Cold. T he
Maidens, to diftinguifh them from roar-
r y ’d W om en, cut o ff part o f their Hair
about their Forehead and Neck, leaving
as it were a Fringe o f it about two Fin-
gers long,
T he C om pletion o f the Chinefe is Features
W hite, like that o f the Europeans, but ofthec'M-
they differ in' Featu res; becaufe their
Eyes are generally Email and funk, and
their N ofe tho" fmall fomewhat flat, yet
not dilagreeable. T h eir Beards are lo
thin, that fame o f them have not an
hundred Hairs, which grow on the bot-
tom o f the Chin, and upon the L i p ;
and i f any happens to grow on the Cheeks
they pull it on with Pincers, fo that the
Beard is long, but. very thin. T h is is
the molt certain Sign to know an Euro-
pem by among a thoufand Chlnefesy and a
Chinefe among as many Europeans.
T h e W omen are generally Fair, Beau- WosftcPI
fciful and more Courageous than the Men,
who are o f mean Spirits, T h ey value
themfelves much upon the fmalnefs of
their Feet (as was (kid before) and the
very old Women are (o Proud, that in
(bight o f W rinkles in their Faces, they
chefs their Heads with fine F lo w ers, and
Punifh themfelves at that A ge to Boaft
o f fmall Feet.
In W ar the Chinefes carry Bows and Ar- Weapons,
rows, and a long Scimiter, which they
wear the wrong way, with the Point
forwards, inftead o f the H ilt, and when
they would draw it they give a Stroke
upon the Point, which brings the Hilt
forwards. Fire-A rm s are us’d but lk -
tie, but Muskets begin to be brought in
Play, by the Em peror’s Order. In the
Southern Provinces by reafon o f their
Commerce with Europeans, they have
fome Fire-Locks feven Spans long, which
B b b w ta rry
|l| ’
<SL
;. $:■ '■ ■ :'"'?■ ■ '. ' ■

gyS ^ Voyage round the W O R. L 13. Book ill.

carry but a fmall Bullet, and are rather Trenches made in the Channels, as that
Cemclli. for Pleafure, than any Life. They carry which is brought in from the neighbour-
1696. the Scowrer in the Barrel, fo that they ing Countries j yet they make no Mony
cannot Fire upon occalion} nor can they of it, but pafs it by Weight. T h e fame
Fire Handing, but ftretch’d out with happens with the Silver brought in by
their Belly on the Ground, fo relting it Strangers, efpecially that which comes
upon a thing like a Goat’s Horns, which from America. For this Reafon the Em-
ferve to take Aim by. peror o f China calls the King o f Spaing
Tho’ Cannon had been long found out the King o f Silver j becaufe there being
in China, yet it was not well Caft, nor no good Mine o f it in his Dominions, ^
Proportion’d j for which reafon the T ar- all they have there is brought in by the
tar Emperor, at the beginning o f his Spaniards in Pieces of Eight, and is here
Reign, deiigning to make ufe of it in his reduced into Plates one quarter part fi-
W ars againft the Eluth, or Weftern ner. In this they Pay the Emperor s
Tartars, caus’d it to be Caft again, and T axes, which the Mandarines are to ga-
brought to Perfection by the Direftion ther o f the Subjeas within their feveral
o f F. Verbieft, a Flemming o f the Society Diftrifts. All this Silver remains bury'd
o f Je fu s ; for which Reafon he has been for ever in the Emperor’s Treafury at
ever lince a Friend to the Jefuits. T his Teking, and thofe o f the rich Men o f the
T rain is made ufe o f in the Field, as I Empire, for the Chinefes Hand in need
obferv’d at Peking, for on the Walls o f o f nothing from Abroad. T he way of
the Cities there were only a few fmall receiving and paying is by cutting little
Salters. bits o f Silver, and weighing them in a
Soldiery. T he Chinefe Soldiery conlifts o f Horfe little Scale call’d Teng-ciu. T hey count
divided under eight Standards, each o f by Leans, or Taes, as the Portugttefes call
an hundred Thoufand Men. T o every them, which is worth fifteen Carlines of
Standard belongs a General, who is al- Naples, or a Noble y by Ciers (or Mas
ways a petty King, or great Lord, and in Portuguefe,) which is the tenth part o f
is call’d, General o f the Green Standard, the Taes; and by Fuens, or Condorins the
o f the White, &c. as was faid elfewhere. tenth part o f the M as. The fmall Brafs
There is a much greater Number in G ar- Coin is call’d Zien (or Chappas) o f which
rifon along the great W all, but molt o f fourteen make a Puen. T heft Chappas
them are Chinefes become Tartars, the have been brought up within thefe ten
Imperial Tartary not being able to fur- Years laft paft ■, the Chinefes being fenfi-
nilh fo great a Number o f Soldiers. Sol- ble o f the Lofs there was in cutting a
diery defeends from Father fo Son ; for bit o f Silver to buy Fruit, or any thing
the Emperor does not only allow them of fmall Value. T hey have a fmall Hole
competent Pay, according to their Qua- in the middle to String them. T hey give
lity, but alfo Rice for the whole Family, a Thoufand, or eleven Hundred of them
the Horfe and Provender for him, with- for a piece of Eight, according as they
out fparing, becaufe all conies from the are bigger or lclTer in feveral Provinces
Provinces, which pay it as Tribute. T he o f the Empire. T hey are made o f T h-
petty Kings had Pay allow’d them to keep tmaga, a Metal peculiar to China, like
12000 Men, and maintain themfelves Brafs, with four Chinefe Chara&ers on
with the due Grandeur, befides others the one fide, which Compofe the Empe-
they keep at their own Expences. ror’s Name, and two on the other, ex-
Gold and T h o ’ in China Gold be cheap and ve- prefling the Name o f the City, or Court,
surer, and ry good j as well that which is taken where they are C oin’d.
Coin. out o f Rivers at the full Moon, from the

C H A P . IV.
funerals of the Chinefes.
Provifion A Mong the Chinefes, the being well particularly that is, a Coffin to be put
oftheLiv- / \ Bury’d is a thin§ on which the into when Dead ^ and a lucky Place to
ing for happinefs of the Dead, and their Pofterity lay it in. An old Man would Live in
rheu: bu- feem t0 depend> Hence it is, that not Pain, and any other dies almoft in De-
* trufting ever to their own Children, e- fpair, i f he had not his Coffin in the
very Man whilft Living, and in Health, Houfe ; and the Son would be much A f-
provides himfelf with two Things more Aided, if after his Father’s Death he
* were
®i\ ' '
1 :
U4 • -.:

1
fl

L i* * . . _
300
 ■ c<w\
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Cbap,lM O fC HTNA
f\ w e r e to Peek for the Stuff to make it,
Gem dll, for it being generally 6 or 8 Inches thick,
16 9 6 . and'of fuch Wood as if not Incorrupt!-
-'V 'S ,J ble, is at ieaft very lafting, it is there-
Coffins, fore hard to be met with. Beiides, it muff
not be narrow, fo as only to hold the
Body but large and ftateiy, and all the
out fide of it Varnifh’d, Carv’d, and A-
dom’d with Gold, (if they are able)
and they think it no Extravagancy to
fpend fome hundreds of Crownsupon it,
which in Europe would coft ten times as
much, they that fell itperfwadingthem
the Wood is brought from Parts very
Remote, and that it is the molt lafting
in the World. The dearer it colts the
more they value it, placing it in their
Bed-Chamber chat it may be always in
fight.
Places of As for the fortunate Place, it is ap-
Burial. pointed by the Cunning and Superftiti-
ous Fortune-Tellers-, for the moft pare
on the Bottom of Mountains, or in
Places hemm’d in with Cyprefs-Trees,
if there are no Mountains near, for no
Man may be Enry’d within the City,
When they have dug the Grave under
Ground Arch’d, and lin’d with Plafter
a f Parts, that the Rain Water may not
fink through; they place about it Sta-
toes of Men in a mournful Pollute :, of
Beafts of feveral kinds, and other laft-
ing Ornaments, befides the large Stones,
on which is Carv’d in excellent Langu-
age all that can be laid in Honour of the
dead Perfon. The Coffins of great
Men are placed in large Vaults, placing
before them an A kar o f white Marble,
■ with a great Marble, Iron or Lateen
Candlefliek , and about it other fmall
Ones o f the fame Stuff
Ceretno- As foon as the Father is Dead, the
niesjuft Son in a raging Manner tears down the
after Curtains o f the Bed, and with them co-
Death. vers t|5e Body-, then he falls down with
his Hair loofe ; and foon after fends his
Servants to the Kindred and Friends,
giving them notice in W riting that he
lias loft his Father. And becaufe the
Kindred and Friends fo notify’d , are
bound to come to pay the ufual Cere-
monies in Honour of the dead Man,
the greateft Room is put into Mourn-
ing, that is, with Mats, or white Hem-
pen-Cloth, for that is the Colour of the
jpj^ s'/ Cbirieji Mourning. The Body in the
, meanwhile being wrap’d up clofe in
’ two or three Pieces of extraordinary
fine thin Silk, as Infants are fwath’d,
they then put on its richeft Garment
proper for the Seafon, with the mark
of his Degree, if he had any then they
Vol. IV.
f •t .y
:
put it into the great Cheft or Coffin 5
and having cover’d the bottom with a
layer of Tinz.ao, and then of other fweec
Herbs over it, they cover the Coffin
and Nail it down clofe 5 and that no ill
Scent may come through, theyftopup
all the Chinks- with Picch, the Coffin be-
ing alfo all Bitch’d within. Being thus
clos’d; they adorn it with Stars of Gold,
and placing it at the upper End of the
great .Hall, place on it the Pifture of the
dead Perfon done by the Life, and near
it a Table with Perfumes and Lights*
Then it is lawful for die Kindred and
Friends that were Invited, to come in
and pay the ufual, Honours to the Party
Deceas’d, and an Infcription over the
Door- invites all that pafs by to come in.
The Son in the mean while Hands in
moft doieftil Manner by the Coffin. He
is Habited in plain Hempen CJoth, and
has a Cap of the fame on his Head, his
Feet wrap’d in Straw, courfe Cotten
Cloths about his Ears, and two Rings
of thick Rope on his Sides, the Ends
banging down to die Ground j and eve-
ry part of this Mournful Equipage has
its peculiar Form, according to the un-
alterable Practice ohferv’d. There is a
Printed Ritual which 1 have by me ,
where all the Formalities are mention’d,
which are proper to every Degree-of
Kindred, with the feveral Qualities of
Perfons fubjoiu d. As for the Son, all
the expreffmg of his Sorrow is not corn-
prehended in this doleful Appearance*
T hefirft Night he lies clofe by the Cof-
fin, nor does he for a long time after lye
upon any other than a plain Straw Bed t
A ll Dainties areBanilh’d his Table, and,
particularly all Flelh. Inftcad o f great
rich Chairs, he makes ufe o f poor mean
Ones, and does other fiich like Pennan-
ees, which after a Month, begin by de-
grees to grow eafier and eafier.
The Ceremonies the Perfons invited The
are to perform in Honour o f the Perfon Friends
Deceas’d, are four profound Bows, and Cenemo-
as many Genuflexions, and Hooping t i l l tues*
the Forehead touches the Ground, burn-
ing of Candles, Perfumes, and fome
Gilt and Silver’d Paper. This is done,
becaufe they believe the Soul in the other
World will have as much real Gold to
pay its Debts, and gain the Favour of
the Guards that keep the Doors of the
Prifons under Ground j lb that returning
thence, Ihe may come again into this
World, and taking 3 new Body be Born
again ; and if good luck attends it, be-
come a learned Man, which in China is
the higiieft pitch of humane Felicity.
Bbb x The
J :s
/ $ y --- \% \
1(1)1
\ V s
< ■
'
^go ^ Voyage round the W O R L D.
CA^A-^ T he Kindred and Friends ufe to meet 3
Gemelli. or 4 times together to pay this Honour
1696. to the Dead, after which the Funeral
t ^ v o does not follow prefently, but is put o ff
for fome Months, and even to 3 Y ears;
for fo long, and never lefs does the
Mourning laft for a Father, in acknow-
ledgment for fo many Years he carry’d
his Son a Child in his Arms. In the
mean while the Body is kept in a R oom ,
plac’d in honourable Manner. T ill it
is Bury’d there pales not a D ay but the
Son V ifits, and Bows to i t , keeping
fome Perfume before it, and offering it
M eat, which are afterwards given in
Charity to the Priefts o f the Idols, who
are often call’d to pray over the Body.
T o conclude, when the Body is to be
Proceffi Bury’d, is a Matter that mult be ftrift-
on. Iy calculated, and judicially found out
by the Matters o f that Science, who ac-
cording to the Rules o f A rt, chufe out
the moft fortunate and happy Day and
Hour Heaven can point out. When that
is fix’d the Son again makes a folemn Invi-
ration, of as many as poffible he can,
to attend and honour his Father and him ;
and then they repeat thofe four Bowings,
which the Chinefes are never tir’d with,
nor have enough of. Then they fet out
in Proceffion. Firft goes a Company o f
Drums, Pipes, and fuch like Inftruments;
then follow the Figures o f Elephants,
and T igers, and the Images o f Men and
Women famous in their Hiftory ; then
lightly Pageants, as triumphal Chariots,
Cattles, Pyramids and Banners; then
T ablets, fome with rich Perfumes on
them, others covered with Meat. N ex t
comes a Gang o f Priefts in their folemn
Veftments, reciting their Prayers in a
T o n e like Singing. Then all the Kin-
dred and Friends in filence and long
Mourning Robes; laftly, the Coffin on
a Beer carry’d by 20, 30, or more Men.
Behind it the Sons looking Ghaftly and
Poor after their late Pennance, as if they
would fall down Dead at every Step,
T h e whole Funeral Pomp is clos’d by
the Women carry’d in Chairs, and tho’
not feen, fufficiently hear’d, they houl
fo defperately. T hey go extreamly flow
fo r the more State, and a great way, be-
caufe the burying Places are remote from
the Cities. Being arriv’d at it, the C e-
remonies are all repeated; Sweets, burnt
Paper, and laftly, the Funeral Pageants
are burnt, and then the Body is put into
the G rot or Cave, which is clos’d up
with a little W all. Afterwards they go
now and then to burn gilt Paper, Horfes
and other Creatures made o f Paper or
:
*_. <
f
../ #||
:
** , f
<SL|
k-AA- J
Book ill.
Silk, before the T o m b : Fondly believ-
ing the Faper is converted into Mony,
and the counterfeit Beafts into live ones,
toferve the dead Perfon ; and therefore
the Friends prefent the Son with Mony
(as is us’d inW eddings) to defray this
Expence.
A s the Sons are to wear Mourning Mourn.
3 Years for a Father’s Death, fo are the ing>
W ives for their Husband; but if the
W ife dies the Mourning is but for 3
Months. N o Perfon o f any condition
whatfoever is exempt from this D u ty ;
in fo much that when the Parents o f
Mandarines die, they are oblig’d to quit
their Employments, as was faid before,
T h is is the main caufe why Strangers Refpea
are undervalu’d by the Chinefes-, as alfofor to the
not propagating their Father’s Race. romb-
Fo r this reafon upon Difputes o f R eli-
gion, they have upbraided our Miflio-
ners with Ingratitude to their Predecef-
fors, in forfaking their Tom bs, and o-
mitting to perform the due A d s o f Pi-
ety to them Y early, by going into fuch
remote Parts. In China it is not allow’d
to go out o f the Empire, and the Son
is accounted Infamous, and call’d Puxyao,
who goes away and leaves his Father’s
Tom b. T h e Fathers Miflioners found
a good Anfwer to ftop their Mouths
f o r e v e r ; faying, They went thither by
Command to ferve God-, and that as the
T artars were not m dutiful in leaving their
Parents to come into China, fo neither were
they who came to profagate Religion. T his
being fpoken in the prefence o f a T ar-
tar M andarine, the Fathers were ap-
plauded and faid to be in the right. 1 o
the end the Emperors Service might not
be obftrufted by his ta rta r Souldiers
taking a Fancy to ftay by their Parents
Tom bs, he order’d the Bodies to be
burnt, and their Allies to be brought to
Peking, that their Ceremonies might be
there perform’d.
From this R efp ea Children pay to Honours
their Parents after Death, proceeds an- afterthe
other D uty, which is of keeping a T a - Funer3‘-
blet in the Houfe, on which are writ the
Names o f the Father, Grand-Father,
and great Grand-Father, before which
they burn feveral Perfumes, and fome of
thofe Ropes made o f the Barks o f T rees
pounded, before-mention’d. When the
Father dies the great Grand-Father is
taken away, the Father fucceeding in
his Place, and fo from Generation to
Generation. T his Cuftom the Chinefe
Chriftians cannot be broke of, which has
produced a hot Conteft between the Fa-
thers o f the Society o f Jefets, who main­
tain
UP
S " ;' -; ’ , ; V;.* '
~ U ^ ]V .
cZ k s * tain this may be tolerated among Ca-
CerneHi. rholicks, as a mere A d o f civil W or-
1 696. Ihip to their Anceftors; and the French
t-T V Y ) Mifllon.ers o f the Clergy, the Domini-
cans and others, who fay it is Idolatry',
and not to be allow’d to Chriftians ; a
difference not yet decided by the holy
Congregation to which it has been re-
fer’cl,
Temples It is alfo the Cuftom in China to ered
to the a Tem ple for the whole Family ; but
Dead. this can only be done by fame Perfoa o f
Note, as a Mandarine of the Family.
Thole that have fuch aPagod, place the
Tablet with the dead Man’s Name there,
to pay him their Veneration. T he Year-
j y Sacrifice all Perfons are oblig’d to Of-
fer to their Anceftors, is differently us’d,
according to the Quality o f the Perfons;
for the Emperor Sacrifices to feven of
his Predeceflors, the petty Kings to five,
Mandarines to three, and private Per-
foils only to Father and Grand-Father.
The Emperor ufos to honour Perfons o f
Quality at the Death o f their Parents,
writing two Letters, which comprehend
the Virtues o f the Party deceas’d, and
thefe are placed in the Tom b an Ho-
nour he beftow’d at the Death o f the
Fathers Adamas and V'erbteft, of the So-
ciety o f Jefu s, and Prefidents o f the
5 « i » ; of- Mathematicks in Peking.
Sat n pes» In thefe Sacrifices they ilaughter
Cows, Swine, Goats, Fowl, and other
Things, which are Eaten by the Kin-
dred aiid Friends, on the fame Moun-
tain where the Tom b is. But i f it be
a Family that has a Pagod o f its own,
the Steward o f the Revenue belonging
to it, is at all the Charge. There are
always People in the Pagods, calling
Lots after a fuperftitious Manner, with
certain Sticks made for that purpofe;
and if the Lot comes not up the firft or
fecond time to their Mind, they endea-
vour .to appeafe the Idol with Prayers,
and Sacrifices o f Meat ready Drefs’d ,
Fowl, Bread, W ine and other Things.
A t length t h e y call fo long till they hit
a Lot to pleafe them, and then thinking
* they are in Favour with the Idol, they
burn by w a y o f Thanksgiving, gilt Pa-
per, and g o home well pleas'd, eating
the aforefaid Things merrily with their
Kindred and Friends. . dian o f the Houfe, who is Painted
For the better underftanding o f this
Chapter, 1have thought fit to infert the
H I-
• ’ ■ i...i
.
' >
■HS| ; '
■
\
W
H
jc ~r N ~ A
Cut reprefentmg the Funeral Pomp o f a
poor Chinefoi which I faw at Canton.
See Cut Number II. Pag. 38 i*
A . Enfigns o f Mournmg-
• B. Banners o f Silk, or Paper o f ft-
veral Colours.
C. Chinefe Drums o f two round Brals
Plates,
D . A Cenfor to burn Perfumes.
E . Offerings of Eatables, which are
afterwards given in Alms to the
Bonx.es that attend the dead Body.
F. Chineje Trumpets.
G. An Inftrument o f nine little Pie-
ces o f Latten, which they play up-
on Harmonioufly with a little Ham-
mer.
E l Other Inftruments.
l Several Sorts o f Banners.
L . A Tabernacle in which they carry
the Tablet, on which are written
the Names of the Father, Grand
Father, and great Grand Father,
M . Paper to be burnt upon the fond
Belief, that thofe which are G ilt
turn to Gold, and the Silver’d into
Silver, to ferve the dead Perfon in
the other W orld,
iV. T h e Beer with the Coffin in which
is the dead Body. .
O. The dead Perfons neartft Relati-
ons, Clad m Sackcloath, and girt
with a thick R o p e , with Straw
wrap’d about their Feet, andcourfe
Rags about their Ears,
F , Country-Women related to the
dead Perfon, who Ought to be car-
ry ’d cover’d between Curtains on
Men’s Shoulders, according to the
Cuftom ; but are here represented
uncover’d to ihew their Habit,
Bonus attending the dead Body,
playing on feveral Inftruments, and
among the reft one like a little Or-
gan. , . .
F. Friends Clad to white, that is, in
Mourning. /
5. T he Tom b on the Mountain, whi-
ther the Body is carry d to be Bu~
.
7 . 1 he AnticntChtneJe Habit,
V . Extravagant Garment o f the Guar-
On all the Doofs of the Clnnejts,
C H A P ,
■ I
„i/i * • 1
' ' i
- f ' ' . : .
eft)?)
382 ^ Voyage round the W O R L D.
C H A P . V.
Of the great plenty of all Things, and Temperament of the Air in China.
V TAvigation and the plenty of all
Gcmelli. x \ forts ° f Commodities found in a
1696. Kingdom, are certainly the two Sources
of Trade. China has thefe two in fuch
a Degree, that no Kingdom can equal,
Goldand ranch ^ exceed it- The Quantity of
Silver. Gold is fo great in all its Provinces,
that inftead of being converted into
Coin, it is made a Commodity. Hence
came the Proverb much us’d at Macao,
Silver is the Blood, and Gold is a Commodi-
ty. As for Silver, their Avarice and In-
dultry in gathering of it, areas Antient
as the Empire, and therefore theQuan-
tity the Chinefes have gather’d mult
needs be prodigious; for all that once
comes into the Country can never go
out again, the Laws that prohibit it are
fo fevere. It is rare in Europe to make
Prefents of 500 or 1000 Crowns, butin
China it is common to make them of
1000, 10, 20, 30, and40000. particu-
larly at Court many Millions are fpent
in Gifts. This happens becaufe there
is no Prefidentlhip of any City, but cofts
feveral thoufand Crowns, and fome-
times 20, or 30000. and other Inferi-
Bribery. or imployments proportionably. He
that will be Viceroy of a Province,
mult before he is put in PoITeflion, pay
3 0 or40000,andfometimesdoor70000;
not that the Emperor receives the Mo-
ny, or knows any thing of it; but be-
caufe theGovernoursof the Empire, the
Colaos, or Counfellors of State, and the
fix Sovereign Courts in Peking, fell all
Employments under-Hand. They who
by thefe means come to be Viceroys, or
Mandarines of Provinces, to Reimburfe
themfelves, receive Prefents from the
Prefidents of their Cities, thefe from
the Prefidents of Towns and Boroughs;
and all of them grow Rich upon the
fpoils of the poor People. Hence comes
the common Proverb in China, That the
King without knowing any thing of it, ex-
pofes his People to as many Butchers, Mur-
derers, Dogs, and hungry Wolves, as he
creates nevo Mandarines to Govern them,
There iscertainly no Viceroy, or Vifitor
of Provinces, who after he has been 3
Years in his Employment, does not car-
ry home, 6 or 7 hundred thoufand, and
fometimes a Million of Crowns. By this
it appears, that tho’ in regard of the
natural Inclination, and infatiable Ava-
rice of that Nation, there be but little
3 B</ ,
<SL
Book I IL
Silver in China ; yet confidering its
Wealth in it felf, there is no Kingdom
can cope with it.
There are in China abundance of Co}?- ...
per, Iron and Tin Mines, and of all o- * mes'
ther Metals; but moft of the Copper,
and therefore they cad lo many Guns,
fuch abundance of Statues, and Veflels
of feveral forts. There is no Memory
that ever Paper Mony was us’d there, as
Marcus Bolus writ; but only feveral A-
ges ilnce the Emperor paid his Souldiers
half in Mony, and halt in Notes, call’d
Chao, which afterwards return’d to the
EmperOr.
The Silk and white Wax of China are ....
two things that deferve to be taken no- k'
tice of. The firit of them is the belt in
the World, and there is fuch plenty of
it, that the Antients call’d China the
Kingdom of Silk. The Moderns find
this by Experience, becanfe feveral Na-
tions of Europe, J f a and America, car-
ry thence a vail Quantity every Year
both Wrought and Raw, in fuch a Mnl-
titude of Caravans and Ships that it is / *
wonderful. Befides it is an increaiulc
Quantity of plain Silks and others
wrought with Gold and Silver, that is
confirm’d within the Country it felf. The
Emperor, petty Kings, Princes, and
great Men, with all their Servants even
to Footmen ; the Mandarines Eunuchs,
Learned Men, Citizens, almolt all the
Women, and the fourth part of the reft
of Mankind, wear Silk upper and un-
der Garments. In fine, the great plen-
ty may be conceiv’d by the 375 Boats,
fcnt by only the two Provinces of Nan-
king and Chekiang every Year to Court
loaded with all forts of wrought Silk ;
befides the rich and coftly Garments for
the Emperor, Emprefs, the Princes
their Children, and all the Court Ladies.
To which mult be added the great
Quantity the Provinces pay the Empe-
ror every Year as well Wrought as
Raw, by way of Tribute. This Silk is
of two forts, the Natural, which is
call’d Kien, and the Artificial. The -
Natural is made by Worms in the Fields
and upon Trees, which they gather and
Spin, but it is not fo good. The Artifi-
cial is made after the fame manner as in
Europe ; feeding the Worms with Mui-
bery Leaves for 40 Days. The belt is
that of Nanking and Chekiang. I have
of both forts. ^ As
<
w §l
Chap, 'V. ofcH
rN A -O As for the Wax ic is the fineft and
Gemelli. whit eft that may be, tho’ of Bees ; and
1 696. there is fuch plenty as ferves the whole
'O 'W J Empire. Several Provinces produce it,
Wax. bm tbat of Hucjuatn exceeds all the o-
thers, as well in Quantity, as Whitenef.
it is gather’d in the Province of Xan-
tung upon little T rees; but in that of
Huquam upon large ones, as bigas thofe
of the Indian Pagods, or Chefnut-Trees
in Europe. The way Nature has found
to produce it, to us appears ftrange e-
nough. There is in this Province a Crea-
ture, or Infed of the bignefs of a Flea,
fo fharp at Stinging, that it not only
pierces the Skins of Men and Beafts, but
the Boughs and Bodies of Trees. Thofe
of the Province of Xantung are much va-
lu’d ; where the Inhabitants gather their
Eggs from the Trees, and carry them
to fell in the Province of Huquam. In
the Spring, there come from thefe Eggs
certain Worms, which about the begin*
ning of the Summer they place at the
foot of the Tree, whence they creep
up fpreading themfelves wonderfully o-
ver all the Branches. Having placed
themfelves there they gnaw, pierce and
bore to the very Pith, and their Nou-
rilhment they convert into Wax as white
as Snow, which they drive out to the
mouth of the Hole they have made,
where it remains congeal’d in drops by
f the Wind, and Cold. Then the Owners
of the Trees gather it, and make it into
Cakes as we do, which are fold all about
" •/ 1 China.
wool. The Chinefes ufe Ibme little Wool,
only in Blankets for Beds; for in their
Cloaths, the Commonalty wear Cotton
quilted with the fame; and the Nobility
in Winter Line theirs with feveral forts
of Furs of great Value, which is alfo
us’d by the Women, efpecially in the
Northern Provinces and Court of Peking,
Furs. When the Emperor appears in Publick,
in the Royal Hall (which is done four
times a Month) the four Thoufand
darines, who come to pay their Refpeifts
to him, are all cover’d from Head to
« Foot with coftly Sables. Generally all
the Chinefes do not only line their Boots,
and Caps, but even their Saddles, their
l r, Benches, Chairs and Tents.
The common Sort that are able,
Cloath themfelves in LambSkins, and the
poorer Sort in Sheep Skins, fo that there
is no Body in Peking in Winter, but
what then is clad in Skins ; and fome
of them are fo Rich that they coft two,
three, or four hundred Crowns.
As for Flelh, Filh, Fruit, and other
iT T a !
Provilions, it is enough to fay they have Prtmfi®^
all thofe forts we have in Europe, and
many more that we have not; and the
Plenty appears by the fmail Price they
bear. The Chimfe Language, as alfo their
Writing being very Laconkk ; they Ex­
prefs almoft all thefe Things with fix
Letters, or Syllables. The two firft are
V-co, fignifying the five principal forts
of Grain, that is, Rice, Wheat, Oats,
Millet, Peafe and Beans; to which may
be added feveral forts of Pulfe; as Kid-
ney Beans, Fitches, and Tares. Tw o
others are Lo-hio, exprelfiug fix forts of
Flelh of tame Cattle, which are the
Horfe, the Ox, the Hog (which is won-
derful good) the Dog, the Mule, and
the Goat. The two laftare Pe-quo, fig-
nifying an hundred forts of Fruit; as
Pears (and among the reft one particu-
lar fort call’d Gogavas) Apples, Medlars,
a fort of foft Apples, Peaches, Grapes,
Oranges, Walnuts, Chefnuts, Pomegra-
nets, Citrons, Lemmons, another fort
of Apples they have in Italy, but the
Author fays thofe in China are not fo
good, Pine-Apples, Piftachos, and o-*
thers.
There are feveral forts peculiar to
the Country, as Indian Figs, Ananas,
and others common to Afia elfewhere
defcrib’d. One they call f^ivas, is alto-
gether peculiar to China-, when ripe ic is
yellow as to Colour, as to tafte Sweet
and Sower, but only the Juice of it is
fwallow’d. There are alfo three other
Fruits of a molt excellent Tafte. One
call’d Nakhi, or Lichie (by the Portu-
guefes Lichias) lhap’d like, and as big as
a Walnut, with a thin Rind like the
Scale of a Filh. Before it is ripe ic is
Green, and when ripe draws towards a
Carnation, the Tafte delicious, and fo
much priz’d by the Chinefes, that they
keep it dry. The Tree is as high as a
Pear-tree. The fecond ( by the Portu-
guefes call’d Lrngans) is fweet and round
like the Lichia, but of a greenilh Colour.
The Tree is very thick of Leaves, and
bears the Fruit like bunches of Grapes;
but frelh gather’d and dry it is adrnira-
ble Pleafant. The third, call’d Seyzu,
is a Fruit in fhape and colour like an
Orange, but with a thin fmooth Rind ;
its Tafte moft Lufcious, and has little
Kernels within it like Piftachoes. It is
eaten Green, and dry Candy’d ; but care
muft be taken not to eat any Crabs after
it, for that would caufe moft dangerous
Fluxes. The Spaniards, when they re-
turn from M anila to New Spain, carry
eonfiderable quantities of them Candy’d.
The
p S
tjl §L
584 A Voyage round the W O R L D . Book III.
{ 'W o The Tree and its Leaves are like our Stem riles a Foot, and bears Flowers
GemeUi. Cherry-tree. They will all three be like large Violets, which prels’d yield a
1696. better conceiv’d by the Figures here an- whitifli Juice, of a Noilome, unplealant
o -V X l nex’d. Scent. The Root is fometimes three
rfj, or The Herb Tea, or Chia, being the Foot long, and as thick as a Man’s Arm ;
t'fc,. nroli valu’d Drink among the Chinefes, as within ic is Yellow, with fome reddifh
Chocolate is among the Spaniards; be- Veins, from which flows a vilcous Juice,
caufe there is no Vilit where they do not o f a Yellow inclining to Red. The time
ufea great quantity of it, we will there- o f gathering it is all Winter till May,
fore fay foinetbing of it. Tho’ it has before the Leaves bud out; becaufe in
the name of an Herb, yet the Leaves Summer it is Light, and Porous, and
are gather’d from little Trees, which are without that vilcous Juice, wherein its
not of equal value in every Province, but Virtue confifts. When gather’d they-
that is bell which grows in the Province take away the Beards, and cut it into
o f CbkkianK in the Territory of the bits, which they lay on a Boards and
City Hochtkeu. In Summer they bear a turn three or four times a Day, that
Flower, that has a pretty Scent, but the they may not lofe, but fuck in their
Leaves mult, be carefully gather’d in Juice. Four or five Days after they
Winter. Firft they are a little heated String them, to dry in the Wind, in a
in a Caldron over a gentle Fire} then Place where they may not be expos’d to
they are laid upon a fine Mat, and turn’d the Sun, becaufe Experience has Ihewn
with the Hands ; then they are let over that makes them lole their Virtue. This
the Fire again till they are thorough dry, Root when frelh is bitter in the higheffc
and laffcly they are put into Wooden, or degree. The Chinef*s call it Tay-hmm,
Tin Vellels, that they may not Evapo- that is, Yellow enough,
rate, and be preferv’d from Moifture. In China, the Melons o f all forts are
When they would make ufe of it, they extraordinary good, as are the Pdmpions,
put it into a Pot, and pour boiling Wa- Cucumbers, Turnips, and Radifhes}
ter over it, which extends, and makes there is no want of good Cole worts,
them Green as they were at Bril, and Fennel, Onions, Garlfcks, Smallage, Bor -
the Water takes a pleafant Scent, and a rage, and other Herbs we have in £<t~
Tafte that is notdi&greeable, efpecially rope 5 but thofc that are p e c u lia r thpm W ...
when the Leaves turn it Green. There are more plentiful and better. 'One is
is fuch Variety, and fo many forts of this call’d Linchio, which grows near the * \
Herb, and the difference of its Virtue, Water, and produces a lort o f Fruit with
that there is fome of it fold fo r about two Horns, tender enough, and tails like
tc‘? Pence a Pound, and fome for ten an Almond. An Herb they call Per^ay,
Shillings. One fort makes the Water of is very Savoury boil’d. There ate alfo
a Gold Colour, another Green ; and as Potatas, and other nourilhing Roots,
for the Tafte Ibme make it bitter. The As for Flowers there are abundance, Flowers*
belt of it is very dear. The Chintfes at- and very Beautiful, efpecially Tabcrofes.
tribute it to this Herb, that neither the O f our forts they have Gilliflowcrs, Ro-
Gout, nor Stone are known in their Em- fes, Jafmin, and others. Thofe peculiar
pire. They fay, that taken after Din- to the Country are more for Show than
ner, it prevents Indigeftion, and takes Scent, and they fet them between the
away all Crudities from the Stomach*, rows of Bricks in their Courts, to make
it helps Co'ncodlion, prevents Drunken- line Walks. They plant them in Spring;
iiefs hindring the Fumes of Wine to fly in two Months they grow' a Yard high,
up to the Head; takes away all the un~ and laft four or live Months. They are
ealinefs o f a Surfeit, drying up, and Ex- of feveral forts, but the bell call’d im­
pelling all fuperfluous Humours; and quon, and Laufldaytc. The firft is like a
helps ftudions Perfons that delire to Velvet in feveral lhapes and colours.
Watch, The Plant and Leaf may be The fecond is not properly a Flower,
feen in the Cut. but the laft: Leaves on the top of the
ICubarb. There is alfo Rubarb in China, efpe- Plant are fo vazioufly and beautifully co~
ciailv in the Provinces of Sitcbuen, Xcnfy, lour’d, that they arc valu’d beyond any
and in the Country about Sochitu, a City Flower.
not tar diftant from the great Wall. All forts of Game is plentiful enough, Game of
This Plant grows in moift Places, and efpecially about the Court in the three all fort:
upon a fort of reddifh Ground. The Winter Months; and accordingly in fe-
Leaves are generally two Spans long, veral Markets defign’d for this purpofe,
downy, and narrow at bottom. The there are rows two Musket Shots in
length
Aff-—VV\
1 (1 1 )
‘Chap. V* Of C H I N A
( \ j^ / \ length of feveral forts of four-footed and
Cemelli. winged Creatures /landing upon their
1 696. Feet; fo hard frozen that it preferves
LSY~\J them from Corruption. There are three
fpecies of Bears; the firffc call’d by the
Chinefes Gin-Hium , that is, Man Bear;
the fecond Keu-Hium , Dog Bear ; and
the third Chu-Hium , or Hog Bear, be-
caufe of fome fuch refemblance in the
Head and Paws. Bears Feet well drefs’d
are much valu’d in the Chinefe Feafts ;
and their Fat is a great Dainty among
th^Tartars, who Eat it Raw, mix’d with
Honey. There is alfo great plenty of
all other forts of wild Bealls 5 as feveral
fpecies of Deer, red and fallow, Tigers,
wild Boars, Elks, Leopards, Rabbits,
wild Cats, and Rats, and others.
Wild As for wild Fowl, there is a prodigi-
Fowl.. ous quantity of Phealants (as there is al-
fo in Tartary) they being fold for five
Grains of Naples Mony a-piece, Partrid-
ges, Quails, Geefc, Cranes, and Ducks.
There are Daws very remarkable for
their Feathers •, for whereas all others
are Black, thofe in China have white
Brealts and Necks. But they are not good
to Eat. In Singing the Chinefe Nightin-
gal out-does ours in Europe, and the Co-
nary Birds; its Note is fo Harmonious,
Sweep and Loud, and it runs fuch Di-
vition, as if it had learnt to Sing. It
/ * is three times as big as ours, but of
the fame Colour; they call it Sayu. An
other Bird call’d Sings well enough,
It has two white round Spots under the
Eyes, and all the reft of the Body Black,
The Martinho, as the Portuguefes call him,
is another Bird to be kept in a Cage, of
which we have fpoke in the third Vo-
lume.
Dellciouf- All that vaft Trad of Land (as lies
nersof the under fo many Degrees, we faid in ano-
Country. ther Place China extended to) for the
pleafantnefs of the Soil, the plenty of
Fruit, and excellent Improvement, looks
like one continu’d Garden. This falls
out fo becaufe none of it lies under the
Torrid Zone, except the extream Parts
• of the Province of Canton and Quanfi,
w h i c h reach beyond the Tropick. The
reft is all within the lower half of the
ff)~ Temperate Zone; yet fo as in the Pro-
X vinces of Peking and Scianf they enjoy
“V all thofe Advantages the moft Northern
Countries abound in ; for the Winter
lafts much longer than is ufual in bare
forty Degrees of Latitude. What by
the Extremity of the Cold, and the Na-
ture of the Water, from the middle of
November, the Ice is fo thick, andftrong
on the Rivers and Lakes, that it bears
Vol. IV.
<SL
jf c
Horfes and Carts, and does not Thaw
till after February. Thus China as far as
may be Advantagions to it, enjoys all
the feveral Climates, without the Bar-
barity of the one Extreme, or the too
much Luxury of the other. It is not all
Plain, nor all Mountainous ; but part
one, part the other, in fuch proportion
as is no lefs Beautiful than Profitable
For the mod part there are moft delight-
ful fmall Hills, every where T ill’d • tho’
there are Apennines, or vaft Mountains
in every Province ; and Groves of ex-
cellent Trees, for the fineft Carving and
for the common ule of Building. Yet
the bell part of the Mountains is Till’d •
for the Chinefes being all intent upon
Tillage, level the fteep Parts, and make
Fields to Sow ; nor do they want for
Inventions and Engins to convey the
Water up to the Tops of Mountains, or
other Places that want it with Eafei
Thefe Mountains are moll delightful to
behold at a dillance, being all cut as iE
were in Steps from the bottom to the
top. As for Plains, there are fome fo
large, that to Ihew their Extent it is
enough to fay, there is one that reaches
from Nanking to Peking, for feveral hun-
dred Miles, without one foot of Land
either barren by Nature, or for want of
Improvement. The innumerable Mul-
titude of People forwards this Work •,
to Maintain whom, all the Product of
fo vail a Country fo well improv’d is
little enough. And it is fo Fruitful na-
turally, that there are two Harvefts in
a Year; and whilft they Reap they Sow
again. Yet the Land does not wear out,
but grows more Fruitful, and yields
plentiful Crops; in/omuch, that among
the reft it is faid of the Province of Sei­
antmg, That one Year’s good Harveft
will keep it ten Years, and longer,
This makes it feem very ftrange to the
Chinefes, to hear that our Land produ-
cing but once a Year grows Barren ; and
much more that we muft let it lie Fallow
a Year to recover it felf.
Tho’ China be water’d by abundance whole-
of Rivers, and Canals, and fupply’d foHae Air*
with many Lakes and Pools; yet the
Air is generally very Healthy, and their
Seafons are as Regular as in Europe. The
Northern Provinces are extream Cold,
the Southern Hot, the others Temperate,
’Tis true, That in the Southern Parts
at fome times there blows fuch a pefti-
lential Wind, that it deftroys very ma­
ny ; but they have a powerful Antidote
to fecure themfelves againft i t •, which is
certain Rings of Tumbaoa. worn by the
C cc T0nu-
 '■ " • ' * ■ '¥*** •.r^Wr ' 1 '■ -V' ■ I-1?'',,;'C:Jr *■.•’;«™"" */*'$‘W' fc7r'•*■->■'' '•''. ■•.'A

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\ _____ ________________________ __________________________ ,__________ _______

g-S6. ^ Voyage round the W O R L O. Book III.
Pomtamjh of Macao ; becaufc thar.City Copper, call’d Tmwtaga, found in Cbi-
Gemclli. is Subject to thofe Winds, as is Manila, »4 the fame quantity i and filings of
1 696. and Feracmz, In New Spain* and there- Steel, the iixth part, of the eighth part
fore the Spaniards value thefe Rings, of an Ounce. Great care tnuft be ta-
and buy them very dear. This Tmnbaga ken in making the Ring, becaufc it is
is made of many Metals run together, very apt to break,
that is, Gold the 16th part of an Ounce,
-- -, .. ..... ...... ..........„■■■■■„,-.„...I..—
,.............................. .. Hm,...

C H A P. VI.
The Original of the Eajlern Tartars> their Settlement in the Throne of China,
and the Wars that enfu'd thereupon, in the Empire.
the Em- nPHEO riginal of tbefePrioces is fb ob-
peror’s X feure, that wholbeve r has under-
Pedegree. taken to give an Account of it, has run
into Fables. They had their beginning
in this Age, from a fmall head of a Hord,
or Captain of Out-laws, or wandring
> Tartars, whofe Name was Tiert-mlm •,
on whom, as Hiftorians write, the Em-
peror Tan-lie bellow’d the Government
of the Valley of Moncheu, and the ad-
jjacent parts, upon condition he Ihould
Defend it agaiuft the Eaftern Tartars,
who were divided intofeven fmall Prin-
cipalities. Tien-mm dying, in the Year,
1628, his Son Ticn-cum* continu’d the
War till his Death, which was in 1634,
Ornate Son to Tim-cum* being call’d ia
by theChinefes to their afliftancc, almoft
compleated the Conqueftof China-, but
dy’d in 1644 before he was fetled in the
Polfdlion. His Son Jm-chi, at fix Years
of Age, was receiv’d as Emperor at
Peking, and dy’d in 1662, leaving for
his Sirccelfor, his Son Carn-bi, who now
Reigns.
T Before we give an Account how thefe
J Princes obtain’d the Crown of China, it
is to be obferv’d, that Tartary (which
contains all the North part of JJia) is
by the Ckimfes divided into the Eaftern
and Weftern. The Inhabitants of them
both, for the moll part live wandring
ap and down with their Cattle, and in
Tents; but the Weftern are without all
comparifon che molt Powerful, poffef-
ling all the Country ly ing between
the fnrthefft part of the Province of Pc-
king, and the Frontiers of the Mogul,
Per/ia, and Mafcovy. The Eaftern Tar-
terry reaches from, the Province of Lcao-
tn»g Eallward, beyond Japan, and con-
tains the Countries of Niuche, Weft of
Corea 3 Ninlhan, North of Niuche 3 Tupy,
Eaft of Niuche 3 the Country of Tefo,
North Eaft of J a p a n , and Eaft of J u p y.
Thefe Countries are Poor,and illpeopled;
there being in them, only 2 or 3 IktleCi-
ties, and all the reft Wild,either Woods,
or Mountains. Yet thefe Tartars are
fear’d when they arc united, becaufc they
are hardy, as being Born in a IharpGli-
mate, and us’d to be always on Horfe-
back, either for Hunting, or War. They
made themfelves known by their Incur-
lions into China, above 200 Years be-
fore the Birth of Chrilfc, but in the 12
Century, they poflefs’d themfelves of
the Provinces of Leaotung, Peking, Xen-
/», and Xar.tmg. The Predeceffors of
the Tartar Prince now Reigning in Chi-
na, were fo far from ever being Mailers
of the Eaftern Tartary, that they were
never Lords of the Country of Ninths;
for as has been faid there were 7 feveral
Princes. And F. Adanms ^hgf
Tien-cmi, Great Gandfather to thefim-
peror now Reigning, when he entredl *
China,, had but 8000 Souldiers; which
afterwards fuddenly increas'd, the reft
of the Eaftern Tartars running in to
him,and an innumerable Multitude of the
Weftern 3 being all allur’d, rather by
the Store of Booty, than the Fame S
of his Victories.
Having promis’d thus much, it rc- Great Re­
mains now tofhew how the Eaftern Tar- bclioa.
tars poffefs’d themfelves of the Empire
of China., which was thus. Dnring the
Reign of the Family Mim, the ftrength
of the Empire being employ’d, upon le­
curing the Frontiers next to Tartary 3
eight Captains of Robbers, took the
Field, and in a Ihort time rais’d eight
Armies. Thefe contending among them-
felves for the Sovereignty, reduc'd them-
felves to two, the ones Name was U ,
the others Cham 3 who feparating Chan,
took the way of the Weftern Provin-
ces of Snchuen and Haqtum, and Li of
the Northern. He having fecur’d the ?
Province of Xenji, laid Siege to the
Metropolis, of the Province of Honan 3
and having rais’d it the firft time with
Lofs, return’d to it the fecond, with a
greater Power 3 and yet the Belieg’d
held out bravely fix Months, being
brought

' ' \ t; 3S9 : , . ' ,

CgT * §L
Chap,VL Of C H i N A. ______ ,j 3£ ,
b ro u g h t fo r w ant o f P r o v ilio n s to e a t S o n b e i n g F l e d , h e cau sed t h e t w o Y o u r i -
Gemelli. M a n ’s F le lh . A t le n g th th e E m p e r o r ’ s g e r to be B eh ead ed , and h a v in g S la in a ll
1696. A r m y , cam e to t h e ir R e lie f, and c u t- th e M in ift e r s , a b a n d o n ’d th e C i t y to th e
C / 'V N J tin g th e B a n k s o f th e R i v e r , to d ro w n F u r y a n d L u l l o f h is A r m y .
th e R e b e l s , in l t e a d o f th e m d ro w n ed C o i l l i d e r i n g t h e n i i f e r a b l e e n d o f t h i s L a $ Cj^
t h e C i t y , a n d in i t 3 0 0 0 0 0 S o u l s , a t t h e F a m i l y , i t fe e n i s t o h a v e m a d e g o o d t h e nefi Fatah
la tte r e n d of Ottober, 16 4 2 . In th e , fa y in g In the
in t h e B o o k o f W i f d o m , !y .
m e a n t im e , Li h a v in g p o fle fs ’d h im fe lf fame that he Sins, in the fame f a ll he be
o f a ll t h is P r o v i n c e , a n d t h a t o f Xenft, Punijb’d. B e c a u f e f r o m t h e c o m m o n f o r t
fir fl p u t to d e a th th e G o v ern o u rs o f i t r a is ’d it f e lf to th e T h r o n e , th ro u g h
th e m , an d th e n d e a lt g r a c io u fly w it h th e t h e I n d u f t r y o f o n e o f h is F o r e * f a t h e r s ,
P e o p le , e a fin g th e m fo g e n e r o u fly fr o m w h o fro m a m ean S e r v a n t to th e Bonnes.,
T axes, th a t m any of th e E m p e ro r’s b e c o m in g a C a p t a in of R o b b ers, put
S o u ld ie r s cam e to fe rv e under h im . d o w n th e F a m ily Yven o f th e W e fte r n
Then Li fr o m a C a p t a in of R o b b ers, Tartars, w h ic h h a d r u l ’ d 8 9 Y e a r s , a n d
to o k upon h im th e T i t l e o f E m p e r o r , fe t up th e F a m ily Mm, w h ic h c o n ti-
and e n t r in g th e P ro v in c e of Peking, n u ’d i n t h e T h r o n e , d u r i n g t h e R e ig n s
m a rc h ’d d ir e ft ly to th e C o u r t , w h ith e r o f 2 1 E m p e r o r s , fo r th e Ip a c e o f 2 7 6
h e h ad b e fo r e fe n t fe v e r a l T r a i t o r s h is Y e a r s , t ill a n o th e r C a p ta in o f R o b b e rs
C o n fid e n t s , to d e b a u c h th e P e o p le , a n d u t t e r l y d e f t r o y ’d i t . .
/ d r a w t h e m t o h is P a r t y , a n d w a s t h e r e - I n t h e m e a n w h i l e L i, l e a v i n g a fu ff i- B r a v e r y o f
f o r e f u r e o f a d m itta n c e ; a s w e ll o n A c - d e n t G a r r i f o n i n Peking, p r e p a r ’d t o a Chinefi
c o u n t o f th e c o n fid e r a b le P a r t y h e h ad g iv e B a ttle to th e G en eral Vfanquey, G e n e ra l,
w ith in , a s b e c a u fe o f t h e D i f c o r d b e - w h o h a d th e S u p re m e C o m m a n d o f th e
t w e e n th e M in ift e r s a n d E u n u ch s. In Chinefe A r m y , c o n fiftin g o f 60000 M e n ,
Peking w a s a G a r rifo n o f 7 0 0 0 0 M e n , an d a n d w a s e m p l o y ’ d in t h e P r o v i n c e o f Le-
y e t th re e d a y s a fte r L i c a m e b e fo re it , aotung, a g a i n f t t h e Tartars. H e advan-
th e R e b e ls o p e n in g th e G a t e s ,h e m a rc h ’d ced to a t t a c k th e C i t y , w h e r e fin d in g
in w it h 3 0 0 0 0 0 M e n , a n d t o o k h is w a y Vfan-quey, w h o d e fe n d e d it b r a v e ly , h e
d ire & ly to th e E m p e r o r ’ s P a la c e ; w h o c a u s ’ d h is F a t h e r to b e b ro u g h t b e fo re
w it h o u t k n o w in g a n y t h in g o f w h a t h a d th e W a ll, th re a tn in g to p u t h im to a
h a p ..c u , w as m o r tify in g h im fe lf w it h m o lt c r u e l D e a t h , i f h e d id n o t S u r r e n -
f a f t i n g , a m o n g h is Bonnes. P e r c e iv in g d e r th e C it y . Vfan-quey, b e in g o n th e
V J ’ b y th e fu d d e n a p p r o a c h o f t h e E n e m y , W a l l in t h a t C o n d i t i o n , k n e l t d o w n a n d
t h a t h e w a s b e t r a y ’ d o n a ll H a n d s ; h e a t - b e g g ’d h is F a t h e r ’ s P a r d o n , t e l l i n g h i m ,
te m p te d w ith 6 0 0 arm ed M en t o r u lh he ow'd a greater Duty to his King and
o u t a t th e G a t e s , a n d d ie H o n o u r a b ly ; Country than to him, and that it was bet-
bat b e in g fo rfa k e n by th e m a ll, w h o ter to die, than to live Subjell to Robbers.
l i k ’d n o t t h e R e f o l u t i o n o f d y i n g , h e r e - T h e F a th e r com m en ded h is S o n ’ s g e n e -
tu r n ’ d to th e P a la c e , an d r e t ir in g in to r o u s R e fo lu t io n ; a n d w illin g ly b o w in g
th e G a rd e n , w r it th e fe W o rd s on th e h is N e c k w a s p u t t o D e a t h ,
E m p e ro r M y own Subjects
H e m o f h is G a r m e n t . Vfan-quey to R e v e n g e th e E m p e r o r ’s pumrs
hangs have betray’d me ■, do with me as you think a n d h is F a t h e r ’ s D e a t h , f e n t a S o le m n call’ d ita
h im felf. £t, provided you do not hurt my People. E m b a ffy to th e Tartar Cam-te, w ith c o n -
T h e n t a k i n g a D a g g e r , h e e n d e a v o u r ’d f i d e r a b l e P r e f e n t s , i n v i t i n g h im t o m a r c h
t o k ill a D a u g h te r he h ad a t W o m a n s E - w i t h h is A r m y a g a i n f t t h e U f u r p e r ; u p -
f t a t e , t h a t fh e m ig h t n o t fa ll in to th e o n c o n d itio n co n ce rte d b etw e e n th e m .
H a n d s o f th e R o b b e r s ; b u t Ih e a v o i d - H e fl e w , r a t h e r th a n m a rc h ’d w ith 60000
in g th e B lo w , and b e in g h u r t in t h e M en in to China, and f o o n c a u s ’d th e
A rm , f e l l d o w n in a S w o o n . A t le n g th S ie g e to b e r a i s ’d w it h lo f s t o t h e B e -
* t h e E m p e r o r t h r o w i n g a S c a r f a b o u t h is fie g e r s . Li h e r e u p o n r e t u r n ’d t o C o u r t ;
N eck, h a n g ’ d h im fe lf, a t th e A ge of w h ere not t h in k in g h im fe lf fa fe , f e i z -
3 6 , and w i t h h im th e E m p ir e , a n d a ll in g th e T r e a f u r e s , an d fir in g th e C i t y ,
th e F a m ily to th e n u m b e r o f 8 0 0 0 0 , a ll and P a l a c e , h e fle d w i t h h is A r m y i n t o
P e r ifh ’d b y d egrees. The c h ie f Colao th e P r o v in c e o i X enf, a lw a y s p u r fu ’ d b y
f o l l o w i n g h is E x a m p l e h a n g ’ d h i m f e l f , th e E n e m y .
a s d id t h e E m p r e f s a n d t h e F a i t h f u l E u - In th e m e a n w h ile , th e Tartar K in g van-fug
n u ch s. T h e E m p e r o r ’s B o d y b e in g fo u g h t Cum-te d y ’ d , a f t e r h a v i n g c o n q u e r ’d t h e y o u n g e r -
a f t e r th e n e x t D a y , w a s f o u n d a c c i d e n - g re a te ft p a rt o f China-, le a v in g a S o n u n -
ta lly -, a n d b e in g c a r r y ’ d b e fo r e th e U- d e r A g e h is H e i r , a n d t h e G o v e r n m e n t
f u r p e r fittin g o n th e T h r o n e , w a s c o n - o f th e E m p ir e t o Amavam a P e t t y K i n g
t e m p t ib ly u s’d . T h e E m p e r o r ’s E ld e ft h is B ro th e r. The Chinefes w e r e in
V o l, I V . <3 c c z hopes
•

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fl#
~^gg A Voyage round the
—------------- ;---- ;— , ._,i „,;fh Roo-
ry U "» hopes that the r e l o a d e d with
Gemelh. ty, w o u l d retarn hom , nc
,* 2 5 . radeceiv d ,f(»
^ I S Sd°ur ofUt o v £ n Thus
Pn f f r w f i v Years of Age, yet wi-
the Infan - „ . at that Age;
errtred'the City in’ T riumph, being re-
' dev’d with the A p p l a u f e of the People,
who placing him on the Throne, falut-
ed biSEmperor, cPying,Long live Van-
fuy Vanfuy (that is ten and ten thou-
fand Years! which is the ufiiai cry upon
conferring the Empire. Xm-chi was the
Fo mder of this new Imperial Family,
A
whch in the Tartar an Cbinfi Lan-
guag s, is call’d Tai-cUm, that is, of
G r e a t Purity and began to Reign in
Great rarity, ana negan & them, did not call him King, but by his
Vfan-quey (who is thought to have
c1„ n C i m e r l i in Battle) per-
reiving too late that to drive away the
Dog, i had bi might the Lion into the
Emmre receiv’d o f the Tartar, the Dig-
niri of 1 Petty King and the Title of
S / t L t t yof Pacifyerof the Weft,
a n d t f fhe City of Z a n , Metropolis
o f the Province of Xenfi, affign’d him
f _r u:. Residence
The Turner having fubdh’d the Nor-
Ttmr them Provinces, bent bis Thoughts and
his Power againft the Southern ; laying
t &‘ siege to the Metropolis of Nanking,
where Hu-emam Nephew to Hatt-lie,
had c a u S £ 3 f to be Proclaim’d Em-
neror This unhappy Man was taken,
arid rarry’d to Peking, where he was
S tra n g lS together with Cxm-chim the
Hte Frr-neror? Eldeft Son. Nanking ta-
ken, the Tartars proceeded to the Siege
of the Metropolis of Chekiang; where
Tattorn i Pettv Kin? had refus’d the T i-
g r f eS ; He f e e i n g the City at-
tack’d byPthe Tartar, to prevent the
Slaughter of his People, kneeling on the
WaU ftoke thefe Words to his Ene-
k-p.1 * IZ mrh me as yon pleafe ; / offer
m\ felf a Sacrifice for my People. Having
f f i f t h e f e
deliver’d himfelf to the Tartars, which
A ft of Companion, tho’ it fav’d not his
Life yet it fav ;d the City and Inhabi-
tants. The S u c c e f s was various in the
Provinces of Fokien, Quantung, m&Qnam~
/»; in the Northern, they happily redu-
ced the two Chimfe Generals, Ho and
Kiam, by fowing Difcord among them,
In the Weftern Parts and Province of
Sachsen, another Famous Captain of
Robbers, made moft difmal havock.
His Name was Cham-hien-chnm, by ano-
ther Name the Nero of China, and a
3%
<SL
W O R L D. Book il
Devil incarnate. B e after ruining the Another
p rovintes of thmny Nm kmg, and Ki- tartaou*
his Barbarity ; bent all his Rage Robber-
againft that of S « i « The firft he
sfew, was the Petty King of the Prece-
dent Family, with many more , and
very often for the fake of one that had
offended him, lie would Batcher all the
Inhabitants or a Street * for one Soul-
dier a Body ot 2000, and for the mi-
Rake of one Phtfitian, ao hundred or
more of them. Of 6co Mmmfters he
had under him, when their three Tears
Government was expir d , he fcarce
fav’d twenty, all the reft being put to
feverai forts of Deaths upon light oc-
cations. He flaughter’d five thoufand
Eunuchs at once, bccaofc one among
own Name Cham-hien-chum, and lo for
the Fault of one Bonze zoooo of them,
He call'd together all the Students out
of the Neighboring Provinces to be ex-
amm'd, and they being come to the
number of 18000 into the City, he put
them all to Death, under pretence that
they with their SopUftical notions
ftirr’dup the People to Rebellion. He
four tines Condemn d the Fathers mgglto
and Magalhaeas to Death -, but after-
wards, Panload t km, baȣ well in- .
elm d to Chnftian Rehgoc.
In the Year 164/?, being the 3d ft the More^ .
Emperor Xun-chi, being to fee out for human,t %
the Province of Xmft againft the Tartars,
he caus'd all the Inhabitants of the Metro-
polls of Chtm-tu to be kd without tne
Walls bound, and he Riding through
the tmdft of them, as they knelt, beg-
ging Mercy, ftood doubtful what he was
to d o ; and at laft order d them to be
cut in pieces as Rebels, and a< cording-
ly they were all Butcher’d in Ins fight,
to the number of dooooo, of which
number many Infants were Baptiz d by
the Fathers of the Society, This done
he order’d his Souldiers that every one
of them following his Example, fhonld
Z
to
WwL
their Martial Frofefhon. He of 300 he
had,kept only 20 Maids to fervejQueciis,
and according to his Orders, all the Wo-
men throughout the Army, were put ■.
to Death At laft having burnt that )
famous Metropolis, he enti ed the Pro- ^ y
vinceof Xenfi-, but being there told the
third time, that five Scouts of the Ja r-
tar Army appear’d ; coming out into the
Field without bis Armour, to know the ^ ,
Truth, a fatal Arrow from the Enemy,
ftruck him through the Heart. His A r-
my being then beaten and u fp e isu ,
 "Chap.
_
VTl....—Mil*.III.,,
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4
tile People of Suchutn receiv’d the Tar* Tell, he Banilh’d with their whole fa*
Gemellt. tars joyfully as their Deliverers, milies iatoTanary. T he fame Sentence
1696. Eleven Provinces being almoft fub- he pall’d upon other Criminals, to Pea-
v v \ i du’d, there remain’d the four Souther- pie the D e fa ts of that Country, being
molt, which own’d the Emperor Turn-lie. fausfy’d their Children and Grand-Chii-
fubdu’d! Three petty Kings were Pent from dren would there L. come 1‘m an.
Court, with three Armies, whofoon lay’d In the Year [659. Qgefim the Admi- A gr<.;ii:
Siege to the Metropolis of the Province ral, Son to N ic o la s , who had concinu- pyrate*
of Q uam - tang, which having held out a ally infefted all the Coaft, committing
Yehr with lonfiderable Lofs on both Rapine and Slaughter, tho the Year be­
tides, was at laft taken on the 24th of fore he loft 500 Ships in fight of Nan*
N o vem b er 1650. The Souldiers exer- lin g , came now again with 3000 to be-
cifed their Rage upon it for ten Days, liege that Place, pofiMiug hirnfelf by
killing 200000 Cirizens.Thence the T a r- the way of feveral Cities and Fortrefles ;
tar Army remov'd to the Capital City of Lam, a young Chinefe being Governoiir
S h ia e kirty where the Emperor Ynm ~ lie of the Province. In a Council o f W ar,
not being able to refill with his fmall the T a rta r General was o f Opinion that
Forces, fled to the Province of Q u a m f, the City could not be Defended , as
and then to that of T a rta n . long as they were not lecure o f the Mul-
The following Yeai dy’d A m a va m y titude of Citizens, and that therefore
Tutot and Unkle to the Emperor, a they ought all to be put to the Sword,
wife Man, belov’d by the G nnefes, and L a m oppos’d that inhuman Method, and
to whom his Nephew ow’d the Empire, faid, i f th e re be no o th er w ay to p ro vid e
His Brother a petty King afpir’d at the fo r the S a fe ty o f theCity, h u ll me f ir f i
Proteflorfhip, but all the great ones op- which Expreflion mollify’d the Hearts of
pos’d him, alledging, T h a t Xun-chi w as thofe Barbarians. The Siege had fcarce
fo u rte e n Years o f Ag«y and M a rry 1d to th e lafted 20 Days before Q u e fn ri$ Birth D ay
D a u g h te r o f Tm - ^W y K in g o f the W efte m cameon, which all his Arm y Celebrated
Tarury y fo r w hich Reafon he m ig h t g o ve rn with Feafting and Sports. Hie T a rta n
h irn fe lf. The C h in e fa were fo pofitive laying bold of' this Opportunity, when
in this Matter, that hanging up the En- the Enemies Arm y was Bury’d in Sleep
fig!,* -cf their Employments at the Pa- and Drunkennefs, in the Dead of the
lace Gate, they declar’d they would re- Night attack’d it with fuch Courage and
ft ceive them from no other Hand but the Conduct, that fcarce 3000 of them ef-
lf§ / • Emperors, whereupon the petty King cap’d to their Ships, leaving all the Boo*
defifted. ty to the Vigors, Q u efim revolving to
Wlfdom X un- chi who was excellently Qualify’d, Revenge that mighty Slaughter, and the
of the Ear- to gain the love of the Chinefes fhew’d Death of his Father N ic h o la s and Bre-
wEmpe- hirnfelf familiarly to them, contrary to thren, treacheroufly put to Death by
ror“ the Cuftom of the Antient Emperors, the T a rta rs , foon after fought their
He maintain’d the Laws, Statutes and Fleet, and after an obftinate Fight de-
Politicks of th e C hinefesy altering but feated it, Taking, Sinking and Burning,
very little. He kept up the fix Sove- a great part of it. Particularly he put
reign Courts inftituted above 4000 to Death 4000 T a rta rs , and having Cut
Years before, but would have them be off their Ears, Notes and Heads, threw
compos’d of half T a rta rs and half C hi- the Trunks alhore. The Emperor not
nefes y foppreffing the other fix fetupby able to put up this Affront, order’d ail
the late Family, in the City of Nanking, the reft that had been in the Fleet to be
He united the Sword and the Pen, at- put to Death, becaufe they ought to
lowing C hinefe Philofophcrs to be Go- have Conquer’d or Dy’d for their Coun-
vernoursof the City. This wife Em- try. In the Year u56i. the iame < ^ -
peror being feafible, that the Safety or fm attack’d the City and Cattle of the
Ruin of the State depended upon the Ifland F o rmofa , then well Garrifon’d by
lincere and uncorrupt Examination of the D u tc h who had taken it from the Sta-
the Learned j and being inform’d that n ia rd s both by Sea and Land. After a
Lome had bought the Examiners Votes Siege of four Months, the Befieg’d op-
withGold, he put 36 of them to Death ; prefs’d by Famine, and difappointed of
and order’d thofe that had been Examin’d all Relief, furrendred all the Ifland to
to go through it again, and thofe that Q uejim y who fixt there the Seat of his
. were approv’d of again he Pardon’d, Empire. This Conqueft made him fo
allowing them their Degree; thofe that Haughty and Bold, that he had the Con*
were rejeScd and could not ftand the fidence to fend F. V itto rio R iccio a D o m im *
can

iq j
lf| /. *
" .
:i , ,
*
/
gcjo ^4 Voyage round the W O R L D .
^ M* Midloner his Embaflador to t h e Go-
Gemcllh vernor of M an ila, to demand of him a
, 6-Q6 Yearly Tribute, or elfe he would lay a
Bridge of B o a t s from the Ifland Formofa
to Manila t o fubdue it. This ftruck fuch
a Terror i n t o the Governour and all the
City that h o l d i n g a Council to confider
what A n f w e r to return, the Archbiihop
was of Opinion the blefled Sacrament
fla o u ld b e expos’d. This being devout-
ly p e r f o r m ’ d , the Father was fent back
vvith a r e f o l u t e Anfwer; who no foon-
e r a r r i v ’d at the Ifland Formofa, but he
found the Tyrant, through the juft Judg-
ments of God , had dy’d with Rage,
having firft gnaw’d off his Fingers with
his Teeth, upon hearing of the League
concluded againft him between the T<tr-
tars and the Dutch; and thatcheGover-
nour had difeover’d his Confpiracy in the
Philippine Iflands, and put to Death feve-
ral thoufands of Chinefes; as alfo that
his Son had committed Inceft with one
of his Wives.
T o conclude the Hiflory of this fa-
tnous Family of Pyrats, the Reader
muft underftand that it began in a Cap-
tain of Rovers call’d, Chin-chilum, of
the Province of Fokien. This Man firft
ferv’d the Tortugmfes at Macao, by whom
being Baptiz’d he had the Name of N i-
cholas given him. From this beginning
he grew up to be famous by contradling
Friendfliip with the Spaniards and Dutch,
and put himfelf firft tinder the Emperor
Lum -vu, and next under the Tartar, but
both times deceitfully on both fides, fo
that being created a petty King, he was
fent for to Court upon falfe Promifes.
His Son Ouefim fucceeded him in the
Commandof his Navy; which the Tar-
tar being jealous of, he oblig’d him by
Letters to call his Son to him. Nicholas
writ a Letter, which he deliver’d to the
Emperor; and gave another, wherein
he advis’d his Son not to come to a Bar-
ber his Confident, who betray’d him
putting it into the Emperor’s Hands.
Hcreupon Nicholas was put to Death;
and Ouefim tho’ he had not fuffer’d him-
felfto'be overcome by his Father’s Let-
ter, or the Tartars Promifes, yet came
to the miferable End we have mention’d,
Quefim's Son continu’d the War againft
the Emperor, who with the Affiftance
of the Dutch who fent 25 Sail, drove
him out of the maritime Places of Fokien
and all China. In 1683. he took from
h im the I fla n d Formofa, fending thither a
powerful F l e e t , andcorrupting the M an-
darir.es and great Men of the Country,
W h a t Kindred of his remain’d , the
3 <fV
.
6i
§§Sfflf
' ■ -,■' .;:*V , ji .'
Book 111*
Emperor caus’d to be convey’d to Peking,
where 1 faw one of them, whofe Name
was Chmchditm, whom out ot a jealous
Policy he honour’d with the Title of a
Count. .
Whlltt the Empire of China was thus chmefe
confum’d with intelfine Wars, and la- Im p e rial
bour’d under the fortunate Succefles of
the Tartar Arms; the unfortunate Em- ted> 1
peror Turn-lie withdrew into the King­
dom of Mien-que, commonly call'd Pegu.
The Tartar demanded him with threat-
ning Letters of that King, and having
got him into his Hands immediately
Strangled him and all his Family in the
Metropolis. His two Queens being con-
vey’d to Peking, were civilly Treated,
and it is believ’d they ftill continue in the
Catholick Faith. It was in the Year
1 661 . that the laft of the late Family of
M ini were put to Death,
This fame Year, for Fortune is not al-The Em- r
ways favourable, was fatal totheEmpe- peror Mad
ror Xun-chi. He fell in love with a moft ,n Love*
beautiful Woman , and that he might
enjoy her at his full Liberty, fent for her
Husband, whorn reproving for having be-
hav’d himfelf ill in his Office, he ftruck
him over the Face, and the poor Man
for Grief dy’d within three Days. Then
he fent for the Lady to Court, and con-
trary to Cuftom, made her fecond Queen
whilft the firft was ftill Living. The
new Wife was deliver’d of a Son, for
whofe Birth there was extraordinary Re-
joycing; but within three Months the * 7 ^ -
Infant dy’d, and foon after his Mother.
The Emperor was fo concern’d at this
lofs, that growing Outragious, he would
have kill’d himfelf with a Poniard, had
not the Queen Mother and the Eunuchs
prevented him ; however he brought up
an accurfed Pradice, afterwards imitated
by his SuccelTor, which was that 30
Men by a voluntary Death, Ihould ap-
peafe the Soul of his Concubine, whom
he thought he faw in a dreadful Shape.
He enjoyn’d all the great Men and Mi-
nifters of the Empire, and all the Com-
monalty to wear three Months Mourn-
ingforthe Emprefs, for fo he call’d her
after Death. The Funeral Pomp was
much greater than belong’d to her. The
Emperor himfelf weeping like a Child
put the Allies into a Silver Urn, as fhe ,
had defir’d at her Death. The Urn
was placed in a rich Tomb, after the
Tartar Manner; and abundance of rich
Silks wrought with Gold and Silver, r <
were burnt in the fame Fire. T wo hun-
dred thoufand Crowns were diftributed
among the Poor; and 2 0 0 0 Benz.es fang
for
f( f )jfy|
v%>----
Chap, VI. Of C H I N A .
rswA-^ for fevcral Hours with loathfome Super-
Cemelh. lljtion. The Emperor in the mean while
1696. was fo Mad, that he perfwaded the Eu-
nuchs and Maidens to take upon them the
l^bit of Bonus, He himfelf forget-
ting his Dignity, cloathing himfelf like
one of them, lhav’d his Head, and e-
reded within the Palace, three Temples
in Honour of the Idols he had before
defpis’d ; befides going about the City
to Worlhip, fometimes one, and fome-
times another. F. Adamus the Jefuit
did not fail to waicon him, but his Ad-
vice avail’d nothing, becaufe the Empe-
ror being befides himfelf, after hearing
of him, without making any Anfwer,
HisDeath caus’d him.t0 be difmifs,d with Tea> as
' has been faid before to be the Cuftoinof
Vilits. At length finding his Strength
fail him, he caus’d lour great Men to
be call’d, in whofe Prefence he made a
fort of Confeflion of his Sins; faying,
H e had ill Govern’d the Empire ; that he
had not paid the Refpeclhe ought to his Fa-
ther and Grand-Father , moft excellent
Princes; that he had moreover flighted his
MotheFs A dvice ; that through Covetoaf-
nefsof Gold he had defrauded thegreat Men
o f Penfions, and then [pent it Id ly ; that he
had favour’d the Eunuchs too much ; and
Lib.deInit. that b h1 d lob f Ute EmPrcf sf ° inordi-
Vprog. nately, that he had been troublefome to him-
m ffm .sh .fclf and his Subjetts in Bemoaning her. To
i pfongem conclude, he left his Son but eight Years
Age under their Tuition; and then
’ having Cloath’d himfelf, and compos’d
his Arms; laying, I go, about Mid-
night he gave up the Ghofi: in the 24th
Year of his Age.
The Bonz.es being all turn’d out of the
Pro-' Palace, about Noon the Body was lock’d
claim’d UP» becaufe he dy’d of the Small Pox,
Emperon to be afterwards Burnt when the hun-
dred Days were expir’d. After three
Days Cam-hi, then eight Years of Age,
tho he was the fecond Son, was faluted
Emperor in purfuance of his Father’s
W ill; it being a Cuftom among the Tar-
tars to fulfil the Father’s Will as diftated
* by Heaven. At firlt the Empire was
peaceably Govern’d by four great Men.
'pRT caus’d the chief of the Eunuchs to
be Beheaded , as caufe of all the Mif-
' chief that had hapned ; 4000 of them
were Banilh’d, and a 1000 put to mean
Employments. It was order’d on ac-
count of the many Pyrats, that the In-
habitants of all the Maritime Cities of 6
Provinces, fliould change their Habitati-
ons, and retire nine Milesinto the Coun-
try ; fo that the Gardens, Caftles and
Cities, along the Sea Coaft were adtu-
iTb
<SL
“
"illy lerel’d with the Ground; and all '
Trade by Sea abfoluteiy forbid Ma-
ny thoufands hereupon were ftarv’d to
Death, who liv’d by Fifhing. In t^e
Year 1664. an Edid was Publilh’d again#
the Chriltian Religion, as teaching wick-
ed Dodtrine and Rebellion. F. Adamit'
as Head of it, was put into Prifon, with
three of his Companions, and declar’d
Guilty by fevcral Courts. All the Eu -
™pM»Priefts were Summon’d to Court
and the Chriltian Books Condemn’d to
the Flames. In in a full Coun-
cil of all the great Minifters, F. Ada-
mm was Condemn’d to be Hang’d and
then to be cut in Pieces * but fevcral
ftakes o f an Earthquake being on a fud-
den felt throughout the City, according
to the Cuftom of the Chinefes, all were
Pardon’d butF. Adamus aforelaid. How-
ever a Month after it being the King’s
Birth Day, he was difcharg’d, and dy’d
afterwards a natural Death in A im ifi at
Canton. In 1 666, Sony the Eldelt^of the
four Tutors dy’d ; whereupon Cam-hi
folemnly took upon him the GoVern-
mentof the Empire.
Another Storm diiturod the Empire vCM-aud
in 1 673; for Vfan-quey, a molt power- Revets'
ful petty King in the Province of Tun-
nan, before fpoken of, who indifcreetly
brought the Tartars into China-, being
feat for by the Emperor, refus’d to go
unlefs attended by 80000 Men. Then
difmifTing the Meflengers, he Ihook off
the Tartar Yoke; and made theChinefe
Kalendar, which he lent to the neigh-
bouring Kings his Allies, but he of
Trnchin refus’d, and fent it to the Em-
peror. In the mean while Vfan-quei
fubdu’d the three Provinces of Tun-nan
Suchuen, Quei-cheu, and almoft half that of
Huquam ; for which reafon the Emperor
Beheaded his eldeft Son, and Cut in
Pieces all the Rebels, having difeover’d
their Confpiracy.
Two Years after the petty Kings of Another
Fokien and Quamimg Rebeli’d, for their R ebellion ,
Fathers dying they put on the Chinefe
Cap. To which was added the new
Power of the petty King of the Ifland
Formofa, letled there after expelling the
Dutch, as was faid before. It mull have
gone hard with the Tartar, had all thefe
been Unanimous and Joyn’d their Forces
to fight for the Liberty of their Conn-
try; but the petty King feeing himfelf
Contemn’d by him of Fokien, mov’d a-
gainft him, and got the better in feve-
ral Encounters. In the mean while
Armies were fent from Court under the
Command of Tartar petty Kings. Art
Unkle
 ^ l f | r ' rW i
m :^ n > ' ' :': ■' ’■ v ";■. •. ■"';• \:
^ . .„„ , ..,■■■ . —_....... ...
^2 A Voyage round the W O R L D.
fX A ^ n tinkle of the Emperor’s march’d to Hu-
Cemelli. quam *, one td Chiekiang and fohen, and
1 696. another to Quanthng, arid Ouamft. The
t/'V N J King of Fakien being worfted in feveral
Encounters, aud not daring to truft his
People any longer, ihav’d his Head, and
deliver’d himfelf up to the Tartar, by
whom he was receiv’d to Mercy. The
petty King of Quammg, having a left
Title given him byVjan-quei, than be-
long’d to his Dignity, fell off from him,
and deliver’d himfelf and the Province
to the Tartars. The Emperor over-
joy’d at fo much Succefs on the 12th of
July 1675, went to their Houfe to vifit
the Jtfaits of Peking, and therewith the
Imperial Pencil writ thefe two Ohara-
diets Kim-Hen, that is, to adore Hea-
ven, which lignifies the Lord of Hea-
ven, and putting the Imperial Seal to
it, gave it the Fathers; The Copies of
thefe Characters, fet up by the three
Orders of Religious Men in their Chur-
ches, are look’d upon as a tacit Appro-
bationof Chriftian Religion.
Dfitt-pci Vfan-quei dy’d in the Year 1679, and
d i e s , ins hi$ Son Hum-hoa was proclaim’d Empe-
ci ihrfd° r o r - The fame Year, on the 2d of Sep-
Emperor. tcml>er, about ten in the Morning, a ter-
rible Earthquake (hook dll the City of
P eking, and Parts adjacent, overturning
feveral Palaces and Temples, with the
Slaughter of near thirtyThoufand People j
and being repeated, oblig’d the Emperor
and great Men to Live in Tents.
Im p e ria l In January, itfSo, the Imperial Pa*
Palace l a c e was in a few Hours burnt down,
b u rn t. which Dammage amounted to two Mil-
li o n s a n d a h a l f o f Tats. The fame Year
the petty King of the Province of Quart -
tm g, tho’ Subjedt to the Tartar, being
fulpe&ed, becaufe he was of a turbulent
P e tty K in g Spirit, a n d for h o l d i n g Correfpondence
of Quan- with the Spaniards a n d Dutch, contrary
Punilh- t0 the ImPe»ial Prohibition, befides that
r/ssrit being fupported by 40000 Soldiers, he
tvas become Powerful, and feem’d to de~
fign to deftroy Macao , he was there-
fore order’d by the Emperor, withade-
fign to Ruin him, to March with his
Forces againft the Rebels, in the Province
of Quam f ■, where a great part of his
Men deferring, be was forced to retire
to his Province. There he ended his
Days on the 9th of Ocloher, the fame
Year juft at the time, when two Mef-
fengers were come from the Emperor to
bring him, as an Honour, a Haltar to
Hang, or Strangle himfelf with. Yet
they omitted not to cut off the Heads of
u 2 of bis Faftion, and among them
three of his Brothers. This Prince de-
3<ty
v l f *
n
§L
'■■-.■v .Y'';':i ^vv-r: '*~yii: V*■'■'*VMVVf v/fe'-i-:■y
..... ...... • ■ ■..■■■■■ ■,...- ...... .....
Book 111.
ferv’d a better Fortune, being very well
inclin’d to the Evangelical Law, and fa*
vouring the Miflioners, as has been faid
elfewhere. Wliilft they confnlted about
Confifcating his vaft Wealth, the Tartar
thought fit, to caufe the Coffin of this
petty King’s Father, who was not yet
Bury’d, to be Open'd, to fee whether
the Body was clad after the Chinefe man*
ner, but finding it in the Tartar Habit,
he left his Goods to his Brothers, among
whom was the Emperor’s Son-In-Law.
That fame Year the Spanijh Fathers of
the Order of St. Anguftin entred China,
by the way of the Philippine 1Hands, and
Macao.
The following Year the petty King And of
Of Fokien, who had voluntarily furren- him of
dred himfelf to the Tartan, was at Ve~ to^u”'
king, in the Prefence of all the People
Quarter’d, and his Flefh thrown to the
Dogs, for the Cruelty he had us’d to-
wards feveral Minifters he fufpeded, at
the time when he Rebell'd. His Bro-
thers, tho’ Innocent, had their Heads
cut off; and thus the Tartar without a-
ny Oppofitiort, made himfelf Mailer of
Tan-nan, the ,Metropolis of the Pro vince.
The Emperor Hum-hM Hanging himfelf
of his own accord, p<evented the Ene-
mies Cruelty *, who caufing the Bones of
Vfan-quei to be taken out of the Grave,
carry’ll them to Peking, and part of
them for a Terror to others to be fet
up in feveral Places; the reft reduced to ■ $,- ......
Afhes to befcatter’d in the Wind. The
Year 1681, is counted the Hundredth
from the beginning Of the Million of the
Fathers of the Society in China.
At length, by the fheddingof fomuch peace fct-
Blood, and exercifing of fo many Cru- led.
eltics, the Tartar in the Year 1582, re-
main'd peacefully PofTefs’d of all the f i f -
teen Provinces of that vaft Empire ;
which, through inteftine Difcord, had
been by a handful of barbarous Men taken
from an innumerable, wife, and politick
Nation. Then Cam-hi refolving to fee
the Country of his Progenitors, and
Tombs of his Anceftors, fet out towards
the Eaftern Tartary, on the 27th of
March, with the Prince whom he had
declar’d his Heir, three Queens, forndn
Noblemen, and Minifters belonging to
the Courts, and about 70000 Soldiers.
He alfo took along with him F. Ferdinand
Ter hieft, a Flemmifh Jefuit. After this
he went with a greater Retinue into the
Wcftcrn Tartaryrin the Year 1683, be-
ing the 22d of his Reign, carrying with
him no left than 70000 Horfe, that
Sloath, and the Delights of China might
not
C lJ
C b g V ll ” ~ 0/ c H T N X
'V not Debauch them, but they might be and partly by his Clemency, Bounty, and
Gemtlli. enur’d to Hard (hips and warlike Exer- bellowing of Titles, he brought forty
1696. dies, with frequent Hunting, and kil- Provinces in Tartary to pay him Tribute.
Y S J ling of wild Bealls. Thus, partly by In this fecond Expedition he took along
this terrible Demonftration of his Power, with him F. Philip Grimaldi.
CHAP.
Noble Endowments o f the Mind in Cam-hi, Emperor o f China.
_ . f~*Am -hi, the pretest Emperor of Chi-
ofrifeEm- V j n* is of a pregnant, and piercing
pero- W it, has an excellent Memory, and a
Mind Co unlbaken, that no Misfortune
can move him. All his Inclinations are
Noble, and worthy a mighty K ing; for
he is a great lover of Juftice and Virtue,
He applies himfelf equally to Learning,
and gentle Man-like Exercifes, to the
aftonifhment of the T a r ta r s , who put a
greater value upon his Skill, than
Strength j for there is no great Man that
can bend the Bow he makes ufe of, or
manage it with futh Eate as he does; as
well On the right as left; a-horfeback,
or a-foot; Handing, or riding a full
Speed. He alfo manages Fire-Arms bet-
ter than any European.
His loveof Martial Exercifes do not take from
Mnfick. him an AfteiTioa for Mnlick, efpecially
that of Europe, which pleafes him in its
Internments, Grounds, and Method;
and had the great Affairs of the Empire
allow’d him Leafure to apply himfelf to
***"“ ■#•««' learn to Play, he would have been as
Succeisful in it, as in that of China. But
the Art of Governing being the chief
Quality of a Sovereign, he employs him-
felf every Morning at'Sua-rifing, in giv-
ing Audience to all the Courts of Pe-
ling ; the prime Minifters whereof come
to Prefent him their Memorials. When
the Matter is of Confequence he refers
It to the Council of the Colaos, who are
properly the Minifters of the Empire,
and having heard their Refolution, he af-
terwards alone Decrees as he thinks fit;
P on m it. the Ordinances of none of the Courts or
4 /aft. de Minifters, or of the Imperial Council
I’Emp. de being of no Force with his Approbation,
u chine du becaufe the Government of Chi-
v'r> Ua' « & Abfolute, that the Emperor has
y .C f-d the Name of T im * given him, lignify-
Mfi.de i<t ing, the Son of Heaven; and Hoanti,
^ pine. lib. Sovereign Monarch. This T i-
tie would hot mif-become him, Were
* ** that true which F. Bartoli writes, viz..
that formerly the Emperors of Chinar
fnbdu'd and made Tributary an hundred
| and fourceen Kingdoms in. India, ex-
tending their Gonquefts over many great
Vol. IV.
. a 5
' <SL
1 <M~
VII.
Wands Ealtward, and Southward in the
Archiepelago, and as far as B e n g a li.
When Cam-hi goes out a Hunting, His Ju-
Or elfewhere, whofoever finds himfelf ftice.
wrong’d by any M a n d a r in e ^ waits for
him on the way, and kneels down with
his Petition in his Hand open, and lie
never fails to do fpcedy Juftice. He
never had any Favourite about him, bur.
always Govern’d alone; and therefore
no Man dares fpeuk to him about any
Bufinefs that does not belong to him, or
which he is not ask’d about. His Cu-
ftom is to inform himfelf feveral times
in Private by feveral People, when the
Affair deferves it ; wtii'lft the Courts
make publick Search into the Matter,
Belides, he has an excellent Memory to
remember any thing that is pafl:; fo that
it is very hard to Impofe upon him,
but he will find it out
Tho’ the Chinefe Emperors in all Ages tove t0
depriv’d all foreign Nations, not think- stranger*,
ing them worthy to have any Gommu-
nication with them ; yet Cam-hi treats
the Ambafladors of other Princes Ge-
nerouGy, and with AfFe&ion, through-
out all his Empire, furhifliing them with
all Neceffaries; as the Pomguefes, Muf-
covites and Dutch can Teteify. In like
manner, contrary to the Cnftom of Chi-
»*, he feat two EmbafTIcs to the M if-
covites to conclude a Peace. This has
certainly been brought about by the J:~
ftdts, who by the many Rarities they
have prefented him, have brought him
to have fomc Opinion of the Kingdoms
of E u r o p e ; but much more by Inilruct-
ing him in our Arts, and Sciences, cotir
vincing him that there are learned and
able Men out of thirl'd.
He has a watchful Eye over his Mini- to hh
fters for the impartial Adminiftration of Subjafts.
Juftice; for after choolmg them by the
Advice of his Council, he puniftes them
Severely if they do not perform their
Duty, and pots others in their Places.
His Companion for the Calamities of his
SubjecH is fo great, that if there hap-
pens any Dearth, he noyonly remits
thirty or forty Millions of Taxes, but
O dd forae-
Ip:
394
r v A ^ o fometimes opens his Granaries to Re-
G em cllL lieve them.
f Jfw , He 1S attended bY a va^ multitude of
Hk MoT Combers ancj officers, who Live upon
defty. n*m, wherein he far exceeds the beft
Courts in E urope. As for his Table he
is ferv’d in Bafons of Gold and Silver,
according to theCuftom of the Country •,
f.n t l n tins he gives a Teltimony of
his Modefty; for he abhors all extrava-
gant Expence in Eating, (as in Cloath-
ing; Jtrialy obferving a fundamental
Law of the Monarchy, which is, That
the great Ones and Sovereigns be free
from all Luxurioufnefs. His Apartments
partake of the fame Modefty, for there
? r ann°d^S r r nhe P >"fweLa% t0r tlle
n - u Ch 3 Pli nCf ’ -bcbcJesrirome
fainting, Gilding, and plain Silk Hang-
„• , , . . . ,ngi ‘ . , . ,.
His Habit, j o particularize his Royal Garments
it ,s to be obftrv’d, That in Winter he
wears plain Silks lin d with Sables, or Er*
mine; upon rainy Days he fometimes
puts on a Woollen Doublet; at other
times in Summer he has a plain Garment
of Stuft made of Netles, without any
other Garniture, befides a great Pearl m
his Cap, as is the Tartar Falhion. The
Chair he is carry d in, either within or
without the Palace is only like a plain
Beer of varnilh d Wood with fome lit-
Ie fatten Plates, and wooden carv’d
Work gilt. All the rich Furniture of the
Horfes he rides confifts of Iron Stirrups
gilt and Rems of yellow Silk. This
Modefty has not the leaft mixture of A-
vance; for when the Publick is con-
cern d, he gencroufly fpends Millions,
fcourmg Canals, building Bridges, and
bountifully relieving his diftrefs’d Sub-
Hmu-n, a¥ rSoldie'-s- . t
Hunting. He isi fuch a lover of Hunting, that
he fpends not only Days but Months in
it every Year, going once or twice into
the Mountains of Tartary. Thus he not
only Diverts himfelf, but prevents his
Soldiers ufing themfelves to the Chinefe
Courfe of Life 0 mbeing fenfible that with
a nandiul or hardy Men he has fubdu’d
an infinite multitude ot Effeminate Chi-
nefes -, and that it is abfolutely impofli-
blc to Maintain what he has got, if his
Men are Debauch’d by the/ame Vice,
Therefore he himfelf (to give a good
Example to an infinite Number of Sol-
tliers he takes with him a Hunting) rides
a whole Day after a wild Boar, always
Shooting, till he has’ tir d fix or feven
w a f !S'fn^°meti1T eL he W!H g° a great
verM wirh n an ¥ ? ° n h,s Sp?rt’ ,co*
vei d with Duft and Sweat, to the Place
/ '
• .......................................................................................................... i
§l
^ V°yage round W O R L D. BookHIT
defign’d, without changing Cloaths •
expofing himfelf feveral flours to a vio-
lent hot Sun, without making ufe of an
Umbrello. Amidft thefe Fatigues he has
nothing of dainty Fare, and when redu-
ced has nothing but Beef, or Mutton
whereof there is great plenty in Tartan
This makes his Followers Signalize them-
felves; perceiving their Prince bears a
great Afledion to thofe that Imitate him
and Hates thofe that love their own
Will.
Left the Sons of the prime Tartar
and Chinefe, great Men and Mandarines
who Serve under the Tartar Colours
ihould give themfelves up to Sloath, and
¥ ? xury> ¥ Puts them to the moft pain-
ful and laborious Employments. Some
he appoints to look after his Dogs, to
Hunt with them; others to his Hawks
and Birds of Prey, which they carry on
their F id ; others to get r e a d / S e a t
or TV.; others to wait at Tabic r others
to make Bows and Arrows, and carry
thofe that are for his Ufe, and for the
Princes his Sons; and laftly the inoft
Favour’d are in his Guards with the
Mandarines.
Thefe Virtues would fuffke in other Hisleam.
Nations to make this Prince be look’d ing.
upon as a Hero; but among the Chinefes,
where Employments and "Honours are
bellow’d on account of Learning, he
would not be accounted a great Emperor
if he had not fignaliz’d himfelf in this
Particular, to M t with the Genius of
his People. Having apply’d himfelf to
the Chinefe Literature, there arc few
Books of theirs, which he has not Read,
He has a good part of Confucius his
Works by Heart! He caus’d them to
be Tranflated into the Tartar Tongue,
writing the Prefaces to them himfelf -
as alfo the general Hiflory of China
He is Skill’d in the Poetry of both Lan-!
guages, and writes them both one as well
as the other. As for the European Sci-
ences, F. Ecrbicft, has taught him the
ufe of the chief Mathematical Inftru-
ments, F. Pereira the grounds of Mufick*
and F. Gerbillon Euclid’s Elements Tran-’
flated into the Tartar Language Tft
this purpofe thefe and other Fathers were’-
oblig’d to go every Morning to the Pa-
lace to Teach him; he fending the Hor-
fes out of his own Stable in the Morn-
ing early. Several Months continual A p-
plication made him familiar with all the
necelTary, and ufeful Propofitions of £«-
cM' and A ^medesy and their Demon-
Itratl0Ils’ After learning the Elements
he would have F. T h o m a s teach him
Aiith-
3 %
v )
f i r ~ ~ ' '........ ’
Chap. VIII. ~ Cy fc H 1 N l
( \ j^ n Arithmetick, and all that belongs to Geo-
Gcmtllu metry. He declares a great Efteetn for
1696. oar European Pradice of Phifick; and
c o r v J the more becaufe he was cur’d of an In-
difpofition by the Jcftits Powder admi-
niftred to him by F. Fontaney. The fame
CuriOfity that mov’d him to ftudy the.
European Sciences, inclin’d him to be In-
ftruaed in our Religion, by the fame
Fathers; and he conceiv’d fo good an
Opinion of it, that he has often faid, it
will in time be the prevailing Religion.
TI10’ it be a Cuftom among the Tar-
ranee asto tarsi and they look upon it as a Point of
Women. Religion, to prefent their eldeft Daugh-
ter to the Emperor, who may accept of
her, and keep thofe he likes •, yet Cam-
hi, knowing this Cuftom had made his
Predeceflors too Effeminate, is fo far
from any inordinate Appetite, that be-
ing employ’d three or four Months in
Hunting and Fifhing, he never carries
any Women along with him, and has
fometimes refus’d very beautiful Ones
that have been offer'd him. He is fen-
ftble that a diffolute Life diflolves the
Heart, and impares Health j and that
Rebellions are frequent, where he that
Ihould be at Helm is fhut up with a crowd
of Women, negleding the Affairs of
_ State.
„ . At fome times of the Year, befides
the Hunting Scafon, he caufcs the Soldi-
cry to be employ’d in Martial Exercifes \
and generoufly Rewards thofe that per-
X form belt, to Encourage others to Im-
prove. Amidft his other excellent Quali-
^ ties, he has a moft unpafallel’d Temper
CHAP.
Of the great Wealth of the Emperor of China.
TO Man Senfe will doubt, but
war’s " IN chat the Emperor o f China is the
Defy/ richeft Monarch in the W orld; not on-
ly becaufe of the Extent of his Empire,
but becaufe his Subje&s do not only blind-
ly Obey, but Adore him. It is not with-
out Reafon I fay they Adore him; be-
caufe at prefent the Emperors of China
>’nvc the power of Deify ing whom they
pleafe, as formerly the Roman Senate
did. At the time when F. Mathea Ric-
cmi entred China, -he faw this impious
Aft committed by the Emperor Fan-Lie
. then Reigning. He had put to Death a
Colao, whofeName was Cham-Kia-Cham,
* for fome Familiarity with his Mother,
\ The Lady concern’d at the Death of
the Coldo, and fearing a like End, fell
Vol. IV.
ip*. ^
3%7
' fl
“ ~_7 ~ j | |
of Mind in all Affairs, fo that fie is pfei
ver in a Paflion. When he was fhewn
the way.how they found Cannons and
Mortars in Europe., he had a great Num-
berCaftfOr the ufe of his Armies, and
made Ibme of his Bombardiers learn to
throw Bombs. He is lb great a lover
of Art, that it is now fix Years fince
within his own Palace he ereded an Aca-
demy for Painters, Carvers, and Watch-
makers, rewarding the beft Mailers,
When I was there he had fourteen Sons,
and feveral Daughters, all whom he li­
ducated under a ftrid Difcipline, oblig-
ing them to ftudy all Sciences, and pra­
dife all noble Exercifes ; and tho’ it be
the Cuftom to give the Emperor’s Sons
the Title of Kings, when they come to
fixceen Years of Age, and to aflign them
a particular Apartment, and fuitable
Court ; yet tho' his eldeft Son be 24
Years of Age, he has not granted him
this Privilege y notwithftanding the
Court of Princes, and the Crown Offi-
cers have mov’d him upon it feveral
times. His fecond Son is Educated with
a more particular Care above the others \
he having declar’d him Hoang-tay-tfe,
that is, Heir apparent to the Empire *,
becaufe this is the firft he had by the
Emprels his firft W ife; the Sons of that
Princefs who has the Title of Emprefs,
taking Place always of the others. This
fecond Son Is alrnoft in his 24th Year,
well qualify’d, virtuoufly inclin’d, and
above all well affeded to the Catholic!:
Religion and the Miflioners.
vm .
Sick, and dy’d a few Days after. T hai
the Emperor to reftore his Mother’s Re-
putation by fome extraordinary Honour,
folemnly declar’d her Kitu-Uen-puja, that
is, Goddefs of nine Flowers; fo that
there are at prelent Temples to be feen
ereded in Honour of her, where ihe is
ador’d under this Title, as Flora, a
Strumpet was honour’d by the Romans,
as Goddefs of Flowers. After the fame
manner a Bonzo of thofe of the Se£t of
Taofu (who Marry, and do not Shave
their Heads) above 400 Years fince, ia-
/finuated himfelf fo far into the Empe-
tor’s Favour by the means of Chymiftry
and Magick ; that he, not fatisfy’d with
having honour’d him more than as Man
whilft Living, when he dy’d would de-
D dd z dare
A #---
*G9«^>sf ' *■ f

111 <SL
Voyage round the W O R L O. Book ill
f V A / i clare him God and Lord of Heaven, the idly-, 271903 Pounds of Raw Silk.
Gemelli. Sun, the Moon, and Stars. By thefe two 4M y, 396480 Pieces of Cotton Cloth.
1696. Examples we may perceive how blindly yh ly , 4 <’4 1 I 7 Pounds of Cotton.
W V 'S J the Subjects obey, fince they believe the 6tbly , 56280 Pieces of Hempen Cloth.
Emperor of a poor wretched Man can Itbly, 21470 Sacks of Beans, to feed
make a moll powerful God 5 and the the Emperor’s Horfes inftead of Oats.
Learned are fuch g r e a t Flatterers, that L afily , 2598583 Trufles of Straw of
they not only approve hereof, but per- 15 Pounds each.
fwade the Emperor to fuch Actions fo Thefe two laft Particulars were fo un­
contrary to Realbn. der the Chinefe Emperors, but at prefent
His R e v e - To give a fmall Specimen of the Em- three times the quantity, becaufe o f the
nue. peior of China's immenfe Treafures, I vaft number of Horfes the Tartar Era-
will give a Ihort Account of his Reve- peror keeps.
nues taken out of a Writer in great Re- Belides all thefe Things related by F.
puce among the Chinefes, whofe Books Magalhaens, there are brought to Court
are call’d V-ko-pien. • Oxen, Sheep, Swine, Geefe, Ducks, Pul-
S ilv e r. In the firlt place there comes into the lets, and all other forts of tame Crca-
Imperial Treafury every Year eighteen tures 5 and abundance of all forts of F i f b ,
* Millions and fix Hundred Thoufand and Game. All forts of Herbs and Fruit,
Crowns in Silver 5 wherein are not com- as green in themidft of Summer as in
prehended the Duties paid out of all Spring, fo induftrious is this Nation in
Things bought and fold throughout the preferving their Gardens. There is al-
Empire; nor the Revenues of the Crown fo carry’d in Butter, Oil, Vinegar, and
Lands, Woods, and Gardens, which are all forts of Spice 5 Wines from all Parts5
very many 5 nor the Product of Fines feveral forts of Meal, Bread, and Bis-
^ and Confifcations, which fometimes a- kets* and therefore it is impoffible to
mounts to feveral Millions ; nor to con- know the quantities of all Things that
elude, the Revenues of Eftatesrcal taken ure daily brought to the Court,
from Rebels, fuch as feize the King’s Hitherto J have tranferib’d what the Another
Revenues, or being in Employments, Fathers Magalhaens and Couplet relate ; Account of
wrong private Perfbnsto the value of a but I will in fewer Words make the the E,m-
thoufand Crowns 5 or who have commit- Reader comprehend the vaft Wealth of *\
ted other heinous Crimes. this Monarch. His Subjefts (abating an
There is alfo brought into the Trea- hundred Millions of the three Hundred
fury, under the Denomination of the F- Bartoli allows) are two hundred Mil-
Queen’s Revenue one Million eight Hun- lions, according to the common Com-
dred twenty three Thoufand nine Hun- putation. Now the Emperor’s Duty for
dred and Sixty two Crowns. And into every Head above 16 Years of Age, and
the Emperor’s Stores Forty three Milli- under 60, by way of Pole-tax a Taes,
ons three Hundred twenty eight Thou- which as has been often faid is 15 Car-
Rice and *"and> eight Hundred and Thirty four lints of Naples, or a Noble Englifh. Now
Corn. Sacks of Rice and Corn. deducing the Women, and all Perfons »*
id ly , One Million, three Hundred and Tax-free, it will be eafy to compute
fifteen Thoufand nine Hundred and Thir- from how many Millions he receives this
ty feven Loafs of Salt of 58 Pounds Pole. Add to this his chief Rents-, for
each. , all the Land in China is held in Fee of
3dly, Tw o hundred and fifty eight him, and confequently there is hot a
Pounds of Superfine Vermillion. Foot o f Land but yields him an Income.
4thly. Ninety four thoufand feven Therefore confidering the vaft Extent
hundred and thirty feven Pounds of Var- of the Empire, it will be eafy to con-
nilh. ceive, without being a great Arithmeti-
5thly, 38550 Pounds of dry Fruit, viz., dan, how many Millions come into the
Grapes, Figs, Nuts, audCheftnuts. Emperor’s Treafury ; to which, adding
Into the Emperor’s Wardrobe are the Cuftoms, and all that has been men-
brought, ift, 655432 Pounds of feveral tion’d before, any Man may be convin-
Silk Stuffs, of various Colours, belides ced, that as there is no Monarch in the
the Imperial Garments brought by the World, that equals him in the Number
Boats, as has been laid. of Subjeds and Soldiers, fo there is none
idly , 476270 Pieces of flight Silks, to compare with him for Wealth,
which the Chinefes wear in Summer.

A Voyage

3^8
III ' <§L
Chap.L 0/ C H I N A.
A Voyage round the World by Dr. John.
Francis Gemelli Careri. Part IV.
Containing the mod Remarkable Things he law in
e H I N A.
B O O K
C H A P .
The Ju t hops Return to Nanchianfti by Land.
. . » - y i H E Cold at Peking feeing too
Canelli. 1 lharp for me, I refoiv’d to leave
,6( 6 JL that Place, and take up ray
Journal where 1 left off.
Oil Saturday the 1.9th of November, I
lr. GrIntel- weut t0 p, Grim aldi, to defire him to get
"* me three Mules for ray Journey 5 which
pis Servant hir’d for five Leans, and two
Ziens of fine Silver of China each, which
amounts to feven pieces of Eight and a
half; a low Rate for a Month and four
Days Journey. The fame Father Ihew’d
me abundance of Optick Glafies to mag-
nify and multiply Objects; Geometrical
Inftruments to Mcafure, and Arithme-
tical to caft Accounts without the help
of a Pen, all invented by himfelf for the
Emperor who was a great lover of fuch
Things. He told me he was making an
Engine to throw Water a great height
In cafe of Fires. He had liv’d 30 Years
in China, and being Belov’d by the Em-
peror, had the Honour to go with him
four times into Tartary. He had tra-
veil’d many parts of the World, from
Europe into China, and thence back into
Europe, with feveral Misfortunes. He
was a while a Slave among the Malais,
the Ship he was in being call away in
the Govcrnours Straight; in the Form-
* 'rueje Indies he was long Befieg’d by the
Savages, in danger of lofrag his Life or
jpis Liberty \ and therefore no Man in
(T»-the World could give a better Account
of the Empires of China and Tartary,
and of all A(ia •, and the more becaufe he
fpoke the Chinefe and Tartar Languages
to Perfe&ion. I defir’d him to oblige
the Publick, printing fome Account of
W what he had feen but heanfwer’d, chat
China, having read, the laft time he was in Eu-
1 rope, fo many falfe Stories concerning
•ua fi
Wt
IV.
I.
China, he had forbore Printing, as he
defign’d, to avoid giving fo many An-
thors the Lie •, and particularly the
Dutch, who had printed their folemn
Embafly to the Great Cham of Tartary
(to which he himfelf had been Interpret
ter to the Emperor at Peking) in which
there were more Lies than Lines, in what
does not relate to the Defcription of
Cities. That this had hapned becaufe
they had brought with them for their
Interpreters fome Chinefes of the Sou-
them Provinces, who had never feen the
Court, and were little skill’d in the Por-
mguefe Tongue * wherefore when Que-
fttons were ask’d them, either they knew
nothing of the Matter, or if they did
could not Explain themfelves, and thus
the Dutch writ at Random, putting what
Senfe they/would upon the confufe Speech
o f their Interpreters.
Sunday 20th, I view’d the new City, fettpteof
and then went to the old of the Tartars, Emperors,
to fee the Temple call’d Ti-vam-miao,
or the Temple of all the pajt Kings. This
is a large fumptuous Palace, with feveral
Apartments and Courts The Jail great
Room, or Hall is as fine, large, and well
adorn’d,as that of the Royal Palace.There
are to be feen in it Stately Thrones,
the Statues of all the Emperors, good
and bad, that have reign’d for 4540
Years, from the firlt call’d Fo-hi, to the
laft, whofe Name was Xurt-chi, Father
to him now Reigning. This Temple is
feated in one of the fineft Streets in the
C ity, in which on both fides, being the
ways into the Temple, two Triumphal
Arches are to be feen, with each three
Noble Gates, worthy to be obferv’d.
All Perfons that go through this Street,
of what Quality foever they be, when
| )|
1 . §L
398 y?Voyage round the WORLID. BookIV.
i— -------------------- :----------- — ----------------------------------- --------------- — ---------------------------------------;-------- ------------------------------------------------- — v
<"SwA^n they come to the Arches alight, out of be acquainted with his misbehaviour, to
Gtmelli. Refpect, and walk afoot, till they are Punifh him feverely. None but theErn­
ies#- pafs’d all the front of the Temple. Here peror, and Princes o f the Blood of the
the Emperor every year, performs an Male line, and fome others, to whom it
infinite number of Ceremonies in ho- is given as a fpecial mark of Favour, can
nour of his Predcceilors ; which would wear yellow, and the Girdle o f that co-
be too tedious to particularize. lour, for the Princes of the Female Line
Monday 2 ill, I went to take leave of . have it red. F. Grimaldi gave me a pais
the Fathers o f the Society, and particu- to the fame effedl, as Monjignor Sifaro
Iarly of F. Grim aldi, who ihow’d pie hadone, when he went to Macao to
feveral Curioiities, and among them a be Confecrated Bifhopof N a n k in g ; ex-
Girdle the Emperor had given him. It prefling in it, that I going to °Fokien
Honouref was yellow, which is the Imperial colour, to fetch Books for the Emperor’s Ser-
theyellow with a Sheath made of a very fine Fifli vice, none Ihould prefume to moleft me,
Girdle, skin, hanging to it, in which were the on account of the Arms, and a Black I
two little flicks and other Utenfils, the carry’d, but Ihould be aiding to me up-
Chinefes ufe at Table. This is a great on occafion. The Father told me, that
Gift in China, for he who receives it, tho’ I had been no way difturb’d by the
is refpedled not only by the common Governors of Cities,in coming to Court ;
fort, but by all the Minifters, and great yet they might put me to fome inconve-
ones; and every Man, at the fight of that niency in my return, and therefore I
Colour, is tokneel,and touch the Ground had need of his Pafs, which was well
with his Forehead, till he that has it on known, and honour’d by all the Mini­
covers it, as the fame F. Grimaldi, when fterso fth e Empire. 1 have the faid
he was coming into Europe, did at Can- Pafs by me ftill, in the Chimje Tongue,
ton, with a Aiandarine- _ This Man had it having fav’d me from any inoleflacion.
demanded a Watch of F. Xaime, or on the Road. The Lion I mention’d in
James Tarin o f Valencia, a Francifcan the 3d Volume, was fent from Goa, had
Miflioner •, and the Poor Religious Man not yet reach’d the Court * but the fame
having none, he was fo offended, that Father told me, he had notice of its be­
lie durft prefume to fet up a Declara- ing Shipp’d at Macao, on the icth of Sta­
tion in his City, where the Father was temher, and that he expe&ed it with im-
head of the Million, to make known, patience, to prefent it in hisown Name
that the Catholick Religion was falfe, to the Emperor. Being to depart the
and taught a wrong way to Eternal Sal- next day, I took my leave o f the Fathers,
vation. The Chintfe Chriftians weredi- thanking them for all their favours. F.
ilurb’dat this Proceeding, and acquaint- Grimaldi gave me an Almanack he had,
ing the Father with it, he, in his Zeal, made for the year 1696, in the Chinefe,
went to the place, and inliead of blot- and Tartar Languages; and F. Ojforto a
ting, tore the Mandarine's Declaration. Portugnefe, gave me four other Books in
This put him into a great Rage (their the Tartar Tongue, and Provifion of
Orders being highly relpeded in China) Sweetmeats.
and thereupon he persecuted F. Tarin, Having agreed with the Muletier, and
till he oblig’d him to retire to Canton, given him all the hire of thethreeMules
F. Grimaldi in the mean while pafs’d that (for in China, either by Land or Water,
way, and by the faid M andarine coming they will be paid beforehand) I expeift-
to pay his Refpe&s to him, as to onefo ed him on Tuefday the aid till Noon, and
much efteem’d by the Emperor, here- then fet forward, attended by F. Grim al-
ceiv’d him, with the end of his yellow di s Servant, till without the Gate, I
Girdle in his Hand, and reproving him pafs’d through the Town of Lupuxau
for his unwarrantable Proceeding, in (which in coming, I left on the right
the little Relped he fhow’d his Brethren, Hand, having mils’d the way) about two
and daring to Condemn the Catholick Musket Shot in length, and one and 1
Religion, when the Emperor honour’d half in breadth, but has a gooid Wall,
Chriltians with that Gift. The Poor and two ftrong Gates plated with Iron.
M andarine in the mean while gave his Clofe by it weerofs’d the River (which A Noble
Forehead fo many firokeson the Ground we had forded as we came) on a Stately BridSe*
that at laft the Mifiloners themfelves in- Stone Bridge, half a Mile long, and a-
treated F. Gnmaldi, not to mortify him domed every two Paces with handfome
any more. Therefore bidding him rife, little Stone Lions on both fides. At Night
he charg’d him for the future, to ufe his we lay in Lean-xien-xie, having travel’d
Brothers well, or the Emperor Ihould 70 Ly. Our Supper and Beds were ve­
ry
IP
Chapi: Of C H I N A
iX A / > ry bad ; but the firlt of thofe Evils, I Jatiirday ^ t h , we reftedin ^ T o w n
Gemelli. remov’d with an excellent Pheafant,
1696. bought at Peking, for lefs than fix Pence.
Here I found a Tartar attended by a Foot-
man, and Page, and fcveral Servants,
going the fame Road, fo that afterwards
we travell’d together.
• On IVtdnefday 23d, near the Town of
A Paged. Tantien, I faw a handfome Pagod, call’d
Xien-ghenfu. It is enclos’d with high
Walls, in compafs about a quarter of a
Mile, and has Monalteries of many
Xojhian, or Bonnes. In the the firft M i-
an, or Pagod, was an Idol fitting after
the Eaftern manner, all Gilt, withabun-
dance of little Idols in the niches, about
the Wall. In the 2d, were three Wo-
men fitting on a Lion, and two Dragons,
all Gold colour. Here I found the Ta-
! / f e l i l i '. | ble cover’d ; for the Bonnes dine betimes,
In the 3d, was an Idol like a Briarcus
(fitting as the firft did) for befides the
ufual Hands and Feet, he had 20 Hands
on each fide, and two Feet held up in
the Air ; and five Heads, one above an-
other. There were feveral Courts
with Apartments for the Bonnes, and
fine Trees. We went to dine at the
Town of Lixao, and at Night having
travell’d 1 1 3 L y, we lay at Sanchin-
xien.
Tburfday 24th, we relied in the Town
of Pccnxo. Before we got in, I faw fe-
veral Bonnes pafs by, who were going
to take up a Dead Body, two and two,
in Procelfion with Copes on; fome of
them Playing on certain Inftruments,
and others carrying Umbrelloes with
long Silk Curtains about them, Banners,
and other Ornaments. Next we pafs’d
through the forlaken Town of Xinn-xyen,
and then through the Suburb, which
is large and populous, in the midft
whereof, under two Arches, were fe-
veral Idols, and Bonnes Sacrificing, in
order to go then to eat up an excellent
Meal provided by the Kindred of the
dead Man. Here we lay at Night after
travelling 80 Miles.
Before Sun-riling on Friday 25, we
bre^kfafted in the Town of Chio-pecim,
berjufe of the good Fifh there is in the
Takes about it. Near the Bridge is a
notable Infcription, fet up there on ac-
count of the Emperor’s paffing that way.
We din’d in theSuburb of the Town of
Cin-cbyen-xien, which has not fuch good
Streets and Shops as the Suburb of the
other Town before, but is only Re-
markable for being wall’d two Miles in
Compafs with a wet Ditch. After riding
120 L y, we fet up at RefcUipu,
8 ^ (SI.
.. 7 99 ’
of Shian-kelin, and went on to lie at
Fncbian-y, having rid 120 Ly. Havin'*"
travell'd the fame way in my journey to
Piking, 1 omit to mention the Town, Of
rather Cities then fpoken of in the way
to Nanchianfa, and will here only men-
tion thofe where I Ray’d at Noon, and
Night with the diftance of L y, or Chi*
nefe Furlongs.
Sunday 27th, we din’d at the Towns of
Manxo, and at Night having travell’d
1 30 L y, lay at Limhi-miau. The Cold
Travellers endure this Days Journey is
very great, there being neither Wood,
nor Coal, fo that our Hoft at Ni^ht*
burnt dry Herbs and Straw to drefs^thc
Supper. Monday 28, we din’d at C«-
Jchipi, and lay at Jau-chiaen, 12 0 L y
journey. Tuefday 29, din’d at Cautan-
cheu, lay in the Suburb of the little
Town Shipin-xien. Wednefday 30, din’d
at Tunchen-y, lay at Cbyen-xien, 120 Ly.
Thurfday ill of December, din’d at Xuan-
gn^-biena, lay at Shiagocben, n o Ly. It
may be faid we travell’d all the way
through a well Till’d Plain, fo careful
are the Chinejes at improving. Here
we obferv’d, that to the Plow fhare,
they added a round Iron Plate, to break
the Mould. Friday 2d. refted at V vam -
Jhian-xien, lay at Cau-xio, 90 L y. Sa-
turday 3d, din’d in the City of Jcnchiju ,
which is well enough inhabited, has
good Shops, is enclos’d with a hand-
fome Wall and wet Ditch. There is
fuch Plenty of Pheafants in China, that
I bought four here for about two Shil­
lings. We Jay at Tmtan-tien, having
travell’d 60 Ly.
Sunday 4th, we rode through the
Town of Zuxien, which is fmall, and
has nothing remarkable, and then thro’
its Suburb, where there is a good Pa- A Noble
god. Firft we came into a Square place, Tomb*
each fide of it a Musket Shot in length, *
adorn’d with tallCyprefs Trees; thence
into another fuch Court, Wall’d in, and
with fuch like Trees, on the front
whereof are three Doors, leading into
as many Courts, all enclos’d with Walls,
Oppofite to that in the middle, there
are three Doors, near which is a Noble
Epitaph, and Tomb of a Cbinefe Lord
bury’d there, fupported by a great Cro-
codil,the other two Courts have but one
Door each. Going in at the middle
Door of the three aforemention’d, there
is a Porch, with Cyprelfes, which arene-
ver wanting in the Cbinefe Burying Places
which leads to the chief Pagod. In it
there are two large Idols, one in the
main
o\
/ /> ---- n V \
mj
,^gg A Voyage round the W O R L D.
CvA*/"; main Nich, the other ou the left ^ both
GemeUi. of them fit looking on fomething they
tdpd. hold in their Hands. From their Heads
C /'V X * bangs down a Diadem after the antient
Manner, to which before and behind are
faftned firings of Beads of feveral Co-
lours. Near to this is another Paged lit-
tie inferior to it, where the Idol is a
Woman fitting, whofe Ornament on the
Head is 5 Birds carv’d as if flying, with
long Tails. Going in at the Door on
the left, there is a Paged in the Porch,
where is an Idol fitting with a long
Beard, as time is Pi&ur’d among us.
Behind there is another, where they a-
dore the Figure of a Woman, like the
other before-mention’d, but with only 3
Birds, they call her Mamm. There are
other Statues before the Door, and at
the Feet of thofe here defer ib’d, all of
them Frightful and Arm’d, as if they
were Bravoes to Guard the Entrance.
They are all made of Clay cover’d with
Lime, or Plaifter of Paris, the Bone
part of Wood. A t the Door on the
right there are two other Pagods, and 0-
ther Courts with Cyprefs-Trees .and Epi-
taphs, and two good cover’d Galleries
on thelides. We din'd at Chyay-xoy-te,
after palling through the little Town of
Vya , which tho* enclos’d with Mud
W alls, has ;ta excellent Suburb. At
Night we lay in Shiaxotien, having tra-
veil’d 120 Ly. Before we got into this
Place we met abundance of Mules load-
ed, with a good Guard of Souldiers, and
then a Beer carry’d by 30 Men, on
which was a Comn with the Body of a
Chinefe Lord. T o denote what it was
there was ty’d on it a white Cock, which
is the Colour o f Mourning, according
toCuftonr, but this is Ibmetimes tranf-
grefs’d for want o f one of that Colour.
Behind it came a Lady in white, with a
white Cloth over her Head, andcarry’d
* in a white Chair by four Men. T w o
Maids attended her with white Hoods
on their Heads, as were their Cloaths,
but their Faces cover’d with black
Vails. They told me that was the dead
Man’s Wife. Then follow'd about 20
Litters in which were the dead Man’s
Women, attended by many Souldiers.
Monday the 5th din’d at Sinacuchian,
and lay at N m j, 1 2 0 Ly. This Place
has fuch plenty of Hares that they are
told for about three half Pence a piece,
Tuefday the tfth, din’d at Layda, where
is a long Bridge over the River, and
paifing the rapid River Sucheu in a Boat,
lay at S<wpt, n o Ly. Wednefday the
?th din’d at Senfun, awd lay at Nanfa-
QOl
§l
Book IV.
cbeu, 120 Ly. There might be good
Eating in the Inns, but the Ckine/es re-
fufiog to pay more than their ufual Or-
dinary at Dinner, and for Supper and
Bed , the Holt gave them the worft
Fowls and Swines Flefh j but I made
them kill the Fowls before my Face, and
paid more for them, becaufe I cannot *
Eat them Hale. Thurfday the 8th, by
realon of the Rain, we could go no far-
ther than amebian, 50 Ly. Fryday the
pth, din’d at Cuehen, lay at Leanchen,
3 q Ly. Saturday ipth, leaving the
Rode to Nanking, and taking the way
on the left to Nanchianfu, we crofs d the
River Xuayxo in a Boat, into which we
were carry’d on the Backs o f Peafants,
who continually wait on both hides for
this purpofe, with Stirrups on them,
becaufe the Boat came not d o le to the
Shore. We din’d at Cbianchingoy, a
T ow n on the Bank of the fame River*
and lay at the Tow n of Funianfu, 90 Ly.
This Place tho’ large has no W all, but
good Streets. There are alfo Courts
in it, with a large Hall in the middle,
and feveral Rooms one over another all
of Wood, but well Bulk. A t the Door
of this Hall were feveral Prifoners, tvith
Chains at their Feet, and a great fquarc
Bord about their Necks, which weighed
about an hundred Weight.
Sunday the n th, we lay ftill to reft
the Horfes, and therefore taking a Chair
I went to fee the Town of Xuamhm.
Its Wall is half a Mile fquare, within
which there are not but little Thatch’d
Houfes, But it is to be obferv’d that
the North fide is dos’d by the Tops of
Mountains, and longer than the others,
On that fide alfo there are few Houfes,
the reft being Plow’d Fields. Monday
12. we din’d in the Town o f Hyn-chie-
chyen, and having T ra veil’d all the reft
o f the Day over Plains and Mountains,
lay that Night in the Town of Tingmx-
yen, $>o Ly. The Walls are not abovea
Mile in Compafs, nor is there in it any
more than one Street, where the Mar-
ket is kept, and there are good Shops as
are in the Suburbs. Tuefday the 13th,
refted at Chiancbiau-yeny and T ra- el-
ling continually along a plain Country.
catne at Night to Patein. fo r fo good a
Road the Inns are bad * and I was for-
ced to, lye in the fame Room with a Tar-
tar -, who being lay’d in his Bed made
his Page beat his Belly like a Drum,
that he might fall afleep, and the fame
Mufick was repeated three Hours before
Day. The Day’s Journey was 100 Ly.
Wednefday 14th din’d at Ltmx-ytn, hav­
ing
--- n \ \ ^

HI ■ <SL
Chap. L Of C H I N A. 401
ingfirft pafs’d through Z*e»fw; a large Farms. A t Night we liyac Ztnxym-*
GemelH. but open Town, where the Tartar re- xyent a Town enclos’d,with low Walls,
1696* main’d that lov’d to be beaten by Boys, broke down in fome Places, and with
Going out of Tienpu, I met a Alanda- wretched Houfes within; the whole
rim with a great Retinue. Before him Days Journey 90 Ly. Monday the 19th,
went many Carriages guarded by Soul- we tra veil’d much fuel) a Road to dine
diersj next came a great number of Ser- at Seauchi-y, lathe Afternoon pafi’d
vants and Officers in Chairs all in a • through the Town of Tai.m-xyen, which
row, and Pages and other Attendants on is two Miles in length from one Gate to
Horfeback. Next follow’d the Manda- the other. In the Houfes there is no-
rine in a Chair carry’d by eight Men, thing to pleafe the Eye, yet there are
and befet with abundance o f Souldiers, good Shops, both within and without
carrying feveral fmall Banners, and one the Suburbs, which are very populous* by
great one. After all came many more reafon of the Trade a fmall River by it
Souldiers and Servants to the number of brings thither. At Night we lay at
about a Thoufand. Thefe Mandarines Fm-xyan-y ; the laft Town of the Pro-
wemuft own take more State upon them vince of N anking which we entred at
than any Viceroy in Europe, At Night Sucheu. Tuefday noth, we entred an
after Travelling 110 Ly, I lay in the Angle of the Province of Huqtedm,
City of Luchifu, the Compafs of whofe through planes all Cultivated, not far
Walls, furrounded with w ater is fmall, from the Mountains. We din’d ac Tm-
. there being but the third part of a Mile z.any and lay at Xuan-muy-xtin, a Town
from Gate to Gate. Yet there are good that has an indifferent Wall three Miles
Shops, and the Suburbs are large. Thurf- in Compafs, and good Suburbs. With-
daj 15th, I din’d at Paxoy, having tra- in it were Shops not at all contemptible,
veil’d over Plains well till’d , I came The whole Day’s Journey 100 Ly, De-
at Night to the Town of Tamhen, af~ parting from the Mountains on Wcdntjl
ter a Journey of an hundred Ly. This day a t, and travelling through open
Place tho’ without a Wall is large, and Plains, we went to dine at the Town of *
has good Shops. Having crofs’d the Ri- Cunlmga, on the Bank of a fmall River,
ver here upon a Bridge of Boats we lay and tho’ open has good Shops. At Night
in the Suburb. Friday betimes we pafs’d we lay in Siauchi-h»? having traVelfd
through the Town of Lnchicbin-xyen, 9$ Ly. This City is on the left Bank
which tho’ wall’d, has nothing good in o f the River Kian-xo, which is the great-
it. We reded at Nanzdan, and having eft in China, and divides the Province
travell’d a while among Mountains, came of Haquam, from that of Kiangfi. The
out into a Plain, amidft Valleys well City is fmall, without any Enclofure,
Inhabited, and lay at Tacmny after a but well Inhabited, and has good Shops.
Journey of 100 Ly. About thefe Moun- Thurjcuy 2ad, Mules and Baggage were
rains is found a fort of Tartufs, which put into a Boat and we evofs’d over,
are no other but Pignuts, call’d by the paying 26 Zi.cny which is not three half
Chinefes Man ; but fmall like a little Pence for each Bead, but not for the
Turnip, and tailing like a new Cheftnut. Men, and there is a Cuftom-Houfe, which
Saturday the 17th, having travell’d over takes Cognifance only of Packs, forPaf-
* Plains and Mountains, we din’d in the fengers Equipages are not fearch’d. The
Town of Lunchin-Xyen, feated at the River is about two Italian Miles over,
foot of Mountains; well W all’d, Inha- . Mounting we rode to the City Kmkya-
bited, and has good Shops, tho' the Su- /«, feated on the right Hand of the Ki-
burbs are much larger. In the Shops ver. The Walls are eight Miles in Com -
here I faw fome Turnips hanging up by pafs, but there arc mote Fields than
the fmall End, in which Corn wasgrow- Streets within them. The Suburb is
inj*», which they did by putting a little large, being about three Miles in length,
Fai th into a Hole made in them, and populous, and full of good Shops. Be-
Watering it every Day. A t Night we tween the City and Suburb there is a
lay in the Town o f Taucheny, after a great Lake, from which runs a fmall
journey of 100 Ly. River. Wedin’datTaw-Jfww/, a Town
Sunday 18th, Riding through Groves among the Mountains, having travell’d
of Cyprefs-Trees , and coafting the So Ly. It is incredible what a vaffc
Mountains on the right, we went to Quantity of Fifii is taken in the Rivers
dine at Siabicbeu ; whence we went into and Lakes on this Road; and therefore
4 a Plain, many Miles in length, full of the Inn-keepers for ten Lien furniffi i
little Country Houfes, Gardens, and Bed, and a better Supper of Filh than
Vo]< IV. Fee

M O ?)
 /<A^E ■ G<W\

{( $ %
N
>Ss^^f
§L
402 A Voyage round the W O R L D. Book IV.
C < A ^ \ they would of Fleih. Friday 13 d , go- Boat, leaving the Mules on the other
Gemelli. jng on Hill among Mountains, we reft- lide. I took up my Quarters in the
1697. edat Vfhimen; and palling through the Houfe of the Jefutts, whofe Superior
W \ ) little City of T tngan-xycn, which tho’ was not yet return’d from Canton fo
partly Unpeopled", has fomething good that I Ipent fo great a Day as the Nati-
ftill, came at Night to Xnanyn, having vity of our Saviour Alone and Melan-
travell’d 90 Ly. Saturday 24-th, we rode choly, without fo much as hearing Mafs,
through fruitful Plains, and over plea- for want of a Prieft. In the Afternoon
fant Hills to the Town of Sinkytn-xien, I went to a great Palace, call’d the School,
which tho’ large in Circumference, is or Academy of Confucius. When I went
partly Dilinhabited, and has nothing in into the Hall, one of my Servants who
it obfcrvable. W e pafs’d over the Ri- was a Chriftian, knelt down, Worfliip-
ver, which is a Mile off, in a Boat, and ping the Figure of the Philofopher which
din’d at the Town o f Saniaru, where was there \ and I having feverely Re-
we again crofs'd the fame River in a Boat, primanded him for fuch an A&ion of a-
without paying any thingforit, the W a- bominable Idolatry ; the Wretch told
termen being paid by the Country. That me, That the M ijfoners o f the Society al-
Day we travell’d 100 Ly, and lay that low'd that to be done \ as an outward Act of
Night at Coxoa. Sunday 25th, having W brjhip 3 which filenced me, calling to
rode 30 Ly, we came to sNanchianfu, af- Mind the Controverfie there is on this
ter travelling 34 Days, and 3 2 13 L y Account, between them and the French
from Peking 3 and the City being all en- Vicars Apoftolick.
compafs’d by the River I went over in a

CHAP. II.
The Continuation of the Author's four my to Kuan-cheu or Canton. /

H
Aving hir’d a Boat to continue my
Journey, for two Lean and feven
Zten , which amounts to four Ducats,
and a very fmall matter over, Articles
being formally drawn in the prefence of
fuch Perfons as have Power over the
Boats, and having provided all Necef-
faries, l fet out before Noon. All that
Day we advanced but 30 Ly, and lay
that Night at Serim i. Tuefday 27th,
having run 50 Leagues we came to Chi-
angutu, a Town o f few Houfes3 but on
W edntfday the 8th, after failing 80 Ly,
lay on an open Shore. Thurfday the 29th,
came to the Town of Xopu, 80 Ly. FrT
day the 30th, lay at Shiakian-Xien , a
W a ll’d Town, tho feated on the Tops
o f Mountains. W e fail’d but 80 L y ,
becaufe there was but little Wind, tho’
the Chincfe Sailers to make it blow the
more, fuperftitioufly kept Whiffling,
Saturday 31ft, a ftiff North Wind car-
ry’d us 142 Ly, tho we loft fome Hours
expe&ing it fhould abate a little, fo that
I was conftrain’d to make them fet out
by force. Ac Night we came to Kinang-
fu • and I refilling to go to the Houfe of
F. Gregory Ybancz, a Francifcan, he came
to feerne in the Boat, where he diverted
himfelf till Midnight.
Sunday the firfl o f January 1 <597, we
lay at Juynfun , 85 Ly. Monday the 2d,
at PekiaxMn, 70 Ly. We made little
way becaufe the Waters were low, tho’
the River of Nanganfu at Cancheufu is
increas’d by another on which there is
but indifferent going to Fukien. Tuefday
3d, at H uaiIon, 120 L y , Wednefday 4th,
at Taukian , only 70 Ly. Thurfday 5th,
at Cancheufu, 90 L y . Leaving a Ser-
vant in the Boat I went in a Chair to
the Church o f the Jefuits, where F,
Grillon a French Man Was Superior. There
I found F. Provana o f Turin , with whom
came from Goa, F. Vanderbeck a Flem-
ming of Mechlin, and F. Am iani o f Pie-
mom, worthy Perfons delign’d for the
Million of China. It was a great Com-
fort to me to meet thefe Friends. That
Night there was a great refort of Chrifti-
an Chinefes to the Church, on account
the next Day was the Feaftof theEpi-
phany, and they play’d on fo many In-
flrumcnts, that I could not fleep a wink.
Becaufe of that Feaft, I did not fet out
on Friday the 6th. Saturday the a?th,
towards Evening I return’d to the Bout,
but could only fail 20 Ly, becaufe of
the Winding of the River, and Hay’d in
the Suburb of the lame City of Canchu-
fu , call’d Namen, but a Mile from it by
Land. Here 1 went to fee a Ipacious Pa-
god in a Field. In the firfl place there
is an Idol with two Swords in his Hands,
and two other Statues on his Sides. In
the inward Pagod over a Court, is a
great

bOt-
 ■ e° 5 x
|I |
Chap. II.
«j.,«-,r ............" " " ' " " " "' ' ' '
CvJW * great gilt Idol, with a Sword in its
GemellL Hand, placed in the biggeft Nich, and
i <>9 7 - two other Statues at his Feet. On the
Floor there are four, two on each fide,
Very Courfe, Large, and Arm’d) as if
they were to defend the Entrance.
Sunday Bell, we came to the Guard .
and 1own of Ktumu, 80 L y. Monday
the yth, we continu’d the Morning at
the Tanfu, and Guard of Ja fu ta n ; and
then entred between the Mountains of
Nanganfu, where the River has fo ma-
ny windings, that the way is twice as
long as by Land. Tuefday noth, we
came to the Guard of Lanzjm , 8o Ly.
Wednefday n th , to Nanganfu, 70 Ly.
Here I was Entertain’d by F. Peter-de-
la-P mola of M exico, a Francifcan, who
treated me handfomely , and there-
fore without much Intreating I confent-
ed to ftay with him Thurfday and Friday
KKutain tlic I2th acd x3th. That Day { hir’d
of isfot- three Chairs, at the rate of \6o Zitn
" gm f* each (a Piece of Eight at Nanganfu is
chang’d for iooo lien or more) and fe-
veral Porters to carry my Equipage, at
So Z itn a Man. Saturday betimes I took
Chair with F. Peter, and was carry’d up
the if cep Mountain, for above three
Miles wichout fetting my Foot to the
Ground; for which the poor Men better
deferv’d a Piece of Eight, than about a
Shilling they had. About the middle of
this Mountain is a Pagod, which divides
the two Provinces; and here the Vice-
toy, the Chiankyun General of the T ar-
tar T roops, and the Tit a General of the
Country Troops, take Pofleilion of their
Employments; the Seals being deli-
ver’d to them in the faid Paged, by Per-
fons Deputed by the Courts of Carlton.
This Pagod ferv’d by Bonz.es, is divided
into the Lower and the Upper. In the
firft is a gilt Idol fitting, of a gigantick
Stature, and without any Beard. The
Chinefes who pay him great Veneration,
• * call him, Fu, and others Foe. Afcend-
ing fome fteps in the upper Pagod, ap-
pears an Idol call’d Tuen-(hin-fion, with
a Crown on his Head, and a fort of
Royal Mantle on his Shoulders. This
Sjfatue like the other is gilt, and fitting
with two others clofe by its Feet. Onr
the right Hand going in is the Statue
of Chian-Uo-je, who was a great M an-
darine, at prefent honour’d as a God,
and accounted the Proteftor of Courts,
All over this Mountain and that near it
call’d Nanganfu , there grow certain
fmall Trees, call’d Mufchiu, which pro-
ducea Fruitas big asa little Nut, round
and black, with fome Seeds in it, which
Vol# IV.
■%
<SL
~ "* ~~ iT"T- in -■ ■• 1.1 i ■ - ■ - .......................... i ,,i — — ■»« ■ ■ ■ • -■ — iTii
fGH I N A. "“Taj
O
mini- > i ii._u.J
prefs’d yields the belt Oyl there is in ail
China. The Fruit they call M u m , and
the Oyl Mu-yeu, that is, Oyl of Trees,
to diflinguiffi it from the other forts
made of Herbs, and fevetal Seeds,
which ferve tor Lamps. Being come up
the Mountain I met feveral Troops of
Souldiers, and other Feribns o f Note,
going to N anganft, to meet the Tim ,
who was coming to take Pofleilion of
his Employment, in order to go oa to
Canton. A little way behind came the
Wife oi a Mandarine, with a great ma-
ny People on Horfeback, and Officers of
Juftice with Rodsand Staves before her;
after the fame manner as her Husband
would have travell’d j Hopping every
Body they meet in a Chair or on Horfe-
back. She was carry’d in a Chair by 9
Men, and follow’d by others that car­
ry’d her Maids. A little Son of hers
but three Years of Age, but brisk and
fyrightly, fate on aHorfealone. 1 din’d
half way, and then fetting forward camc:
to Nanganfu z Hours before Night, tho’
l fet out late and the Days were ihort.
The Chimfe Chair-Men, are not inferi-
or to a Tartar Horfe, for they trot five
Miles an Hour. They reckned that Day’s
Journey 12 Leagues, but they were not
above 8, or 104 Ly, a League being 13
Ly. This happens in all the high Ways,
where for the Benefit of the Courriers
the Chinefes make the Ly ihort, and in 0-
ther Places long. F. John Nicholas de
Ribera, of the Order of S. A tgufiin, and
Apoflolick Miffioner in this City, treat-
ed me very Courteoufly, efpecially with
good Chocolate, as he at Nanganfa had
done before. There being a fcarcity of
Boats beeaufe the Tim was expected, I
had much difficulty to hire one to Canton
for 3300 Zitn, which are 3 Pieces of
Eight; whereas they ufually give but
tooo or 1 tooZien for one in that City.
Sunday 1 5th, after Dinner having re-
turn'd thanks to R John, 1 went aboard
a great Boat, which I well knew to be
flow, beeaufe there was but little Water,
but having pay’d the Mailer before-hand;
I was forced to have Patience. Two
Women Row’d much better than the
Men; tho’ they carry’d their Children
at their Backs. Having pafs’d two
Bridges, near the one and under the o-
ther, they joining two little Suburbs td
the City, we lay at Peyentan, after fail-
ing 20 Ly. Monday 16th, we fail’d but
60, by reafon of the bignefsof the Boat
which touch’d where there was but lit-
tie Water, fo we lay at the Town and
Guard of Xuan-tan. Tuefday 17th, we
Eee 2 la j
1
W3 qtV
f(P §l
. ___ -..-I - — rr—
1 ■*—
■—
1—----m-.mmmr-nr ■,„—- ■- r
404 A Voyage round the W O R . L D. Book iV.
lay at the Guard and Town of Sincbian- number of Trees, the populous Town
Gcmdli. Sbivy, 60 Ly. Here the Water grows of Scutari-, we Hop’d at the Guard of L i-
1697. deeper, for at the Town of Kiankeu, cbi-lven, having run ioo L y. Setting
1/ V M another River from the Mountains falls out hence 4 Hours before Day on Tuef-
into that we were on. Wednefday 18th, day 24th, (that we might come betimes
we came to Shiacheufu, 120 Ly. I went to Kuan-cheu-ft or Canton, as the Pota­
to the Houfe of the French Fathers, and guefe call it) we came before break of
tho I found not the Millioner, was well Day to Fufcian. I went there in a Chair
receiv’d by his Servants. Tburfday 19th, to fee F. Capaccbio, a Millioner of the
I went about to fee the City. It has Society, crolfing the City which is three
flately Walls, fo contriv’d that a Man Miles over; all the way among hand-
may go quite round always under Cover, fome and rich Shops of all forts of Com-
The Compafsis above4 Miles befides the modifies and Provilions, and all Manu-
Suburbs. The Streets are Long, Strait, fadfures of the Country. This Place in
well Pav’d, and with good Shops. At Laly would pafs for a Village, becaule
the South end of it, a navigable River it has no Wall, and is fubordinate to
falls into the great One that comes from Canton. It is five Miles in length, and
the Well. After Dinner I went aboard three in breadth, the River running
at the South Gate, the Wind being fair, through the middle of it, and there are
but the Weather Calming afterwards we as many Boats on the Water as Houfes
could fail but 40 L y, to th^ Town and on the Land. It is Govern’d by a M an-
Guard of Fern. darine, who can decide no Controverfie
Friday 20th, we run 1 10 Ly, to the without confulting the Courts at Canton.
Guard of Fanfucan , the two Women For Military Affairs here refides another
Hill Rowing, as did the 5 Men. The fmall Martial Mandarine. All M anda-
fair North Wind continuing. Saturday rines generally lay, Fafcian contains a
2 iff, weruni4oZ-j, and came at Night Million of Inhabitants. Taking leave
to the Guard of Xyackeu. Having on of F. Capachio I continu’d my Voyage,
Sunday 22d. pafs’d the other Streight and God be prais’d, after running 80
between the Mountains, where there is Ly, came back fafe to Canton, when the
a great Fagod, with other little Ones a* Francifcan Millioners imagin’d, I had ei-
mong the Rocks, fhaded with high Trees, ther been Hop’d on the Road, or fal-
we held on our way with little Wind, len into fome Trouble at Peking, be-
but much Heat, tho’ it was then the caufe the Jefuits do not like that Eu-
depth of Winter. This is found in Chi- ropeans ihould go thither. They were
by realon of the variety of Climates. the more confirm’d in their Opinion
Near the Northern Mountains the Cold becaufe I knew not the Language, nor
is very piercing as far as Nanganfu ; and my two Servants one Word of Fortu-
from thence Southward the Heat pre- guefe, to underHand me in changing
vails,. About Sun-fetting we met three fo many Boats, and Travelling fo far
great Boats, well Cover’d with abun- by Land; to which muH be added my ^
dance ofFlags and Banners,as the CuHom DiHemper and Weaknefs, which I ne-
of the Country is; for there were M an- veil recover’d. This I fay to lhow
darines in them. Our European Miflia- that Dangers and Misfortunes never
ners ufe thefe outward Shows, to per- Hay’d me, but defpiling them all with
form their Million with Succefs and De- the divine Alfiflance, I at length by
cency, becaufe the Chinefe Chriftians are God’s help overcame them, and found
much addidied to thefe exterior Pomps, by Experience, that they are ever
Having run 140 Ly we Jay at Quantikeu, reprefented greater than really they
where the aforefaid Mandarines, who are by envious Perfons, on purpofe to
were going to meet the Titu , Hay’d that difappoint the mofl glorious Undertak-
Night. The Souldiers who expe&ed ings. The Muletiers reckned from Pe-
thetn on the Shore faluted with fmall king to Nancianfu, 3213 L y; and th,
Shot. The Heat was intollerable on Watermen from Nancianfu to Canton
Monday 23d, when leaving on our right 2179 ; in all 5392 Ly, of 260 Paces each,
Hand under the fliadow of an infinite which reduced to Italian Miles, make a
Thoufand four Hundred and Two.
0

CHAP,
 ■ e° 5 x
1 ®
Chap. III. Of C H I N A .
CHAP.
The Chinefe New Tear, W folemn Feftivals of the Lanthorns.
4 , - j T Came to C<*»w# with a Refolutionto
Condi. X go OR to T-rnuy in the Province of
1697 Fokiin, and there imbark for Manila,
Oi*V' 0 hut finding the Loading of Canton alrea-
dy gone, and a Ship belonging to that
Hland in the Port of Macao ; 1 chang’d
rtly Mind, and expe&ed to go aboard
that VelTel, and the rather, becaufe in
the Houfe of the Francifcan Fathers 1
found three Spaniards, who came to Can-
ton to lay out 180000 Pieces of Eight,
they had brought aboard their Snip,
Getting acquainted with them I laugh’d
at the Wouders they made at my Bold-.
nefs, in coming to Canton without a
Pafs, and then going on to Peking;
whereas the Xu-pu or Guftomer, took
thirty Pieces of them for their Pals. On
Wednefday 25th, fevcral Friends came
to Congratulate my happy Return;
and on Thurfday 2 5 th, there being no
fuch Villts to receive, I went about the
City to fee the Preparations for the
Feftival of the new Year. The Gates
of the old City call’d Lauchin were flint
on Friday 27th, for fear of feme Mu-
tiny, and there was a fearch of the ve-
ry Seats of the Guards at the Gates,
One they faid was a Captain of Mutini-
ers, who was Imprifon’d with twenty of
his Confederates, and ftill there was
looking out to fecure others, for fear
they fhould come with a great number
of Boats to Befiege Canton. The Peo-
pie it is certain are fo opprefs’d with
Taxes and Impofitions Cnee the Tar-
tar Government, that Peace is not like-
ly to laft long in China. Sunday 29th
the fearch was continued againft the
Mutiniers, not only in the old City,
* __ 4 but in Sanchin^ or the new.
Monday the 30th, I went over the
A famous River in a Boat to fee a famous pagod.
ra£od. At the Gate of the firft Court I found
two Gigantick Statues on each lide,
{landing as if they Guarded the En-
trance. At the fecond Gate of the fe-
cond Court were four others terrible
to behold, one of which held a Gui-
tarr in its Hand. Oppofite to them
was a great Pagod, in the biggeft Niche
whereof there were three gilt Idols fit-
ting of an extraordinary Magnitude,
On each fide there were eight others
\ made of PI after colour’d, and behind
) one of Brafs. On the fides of the
'1
* \
! ) C 'l
§L
405 *
III.
Court were two other Pavods, in each
of which was an Idol landing of Gold
Colour, well made. In the third
Court was a fmall Marble Pyramid
thirty Foot high, with Figures Carv’d
all about it, and behind it another Pa­
god with ieveral Idols. About it were
the Apartments of two hundred Bon-
jum, who live on the Revenues of the
Pagod.
The Chin-yvc, or Chinefe new Year, w. »
begins with the new Moon that falls Year.
next to the 5th of February , or the
15th Degree of Aquarius, which di-
vides into two equal Parts the {pace
between two Points in the Equinox,
and Solftice; and on that Day accord-
mg to them, the Sun enters a Sign they
call Lie-chim, or the RefurrcdUon 'of
the Spring. They reckon twelve lu-
nar Months, one call’d little of twen-
ty eight Days, and the other great
of thirty, and every fifth Year they
make an Initrcdar Year, adding all the
Days loft in the former, fo that they
come even with the Sun, or Solar
Year. The Weeks they divide like
us, according to the number.of the
Planets, to each of which they affigrr
four of their Conftellations, one a Day,
fo that after four times feven they re­
turn to the firft. They reckon the Day
from Midnight to Midnight, dividing
it not into 24. Hours as is done among
us, but only into 12 equal Parts, and
all thefe,that is, the whole natural Day
is divided into too Parts, and each of
thofe Parts again into an 100 Minutes,
fo that 10000 of thefe make a Day.
Then as for their Hours they do not
count them by Numbers, t, 2, 3. but
by Names and Chandlers proper to
each of them; whereof three are much
obferv’d and efteem’d very Myfterious,
by reafon of the Pofition of the Heavens
that muft anfwer to them. The 1 ft, is
the Moment of Midnight, for then they
fay the Heaven was Created; then the 2d,
becaufe then they lay the Earth had its
Being and Form; and in the 3d, Man.
This time the new Year fell out in preparatI.
China, on the 3d of February, being Fri- onsagainft
day, whereupon the Miifioners thought, the New
fit to difpence with the Chinefe Chrifti- Year.
ans eating of Fleih, as alio on Saturday
following, elfe they would have taken
leave
/>V—<V \
f1)1
406 ^ F^ge found the W O R L D .
fX A - ''1 leave. This Difpenfauon rais’d new
Gemelli. Difputes between the Bifhop of Macao,
1^97. and French Vicars ApoRolick;for he
having fent the Difpenfation, to exer-
cife this aft of Jurisdiction, the Vicars
anfwer’d they had no need of it, being
fufficiently authoriz’d from the See A-
poitolick. Tncfday 3 1it, I took my Plea-
lureaboutthe City, which was allfump-
tuoully adorn’d, and refounding with
Joy > the Couits being fhut, and the Ini-
perial Seal lock'd np feveral Days before
to give way to the Feltival. There is
no certain Day prefix d, either for Ihut-
ting up, or opening the Courts and Seal,
but they are appointed from Court,
with the direction of the Aftrologers;
tliat the Emperor may begin again to
Reign on the new Yea£, in a happy Day,
and Hour. That Year 1696, they were
Ihut up on the 2 2d of January in the
Evening. It is very Dangerous to Tra-
vel, duung thofe Days, becaufe there is
no admmilh-at'on of Jufticc, all Thieves
and Robbers going abroad then, upon
the fecurity that they cannot be prefent-
Jy Pumih d. But in the Streets, the
Guards are then doubled to catch Thieves
whofe Pumlhment is deferr’d til] the 0-
penmg of the Courts. The pooreR
Wretch puts on new Cloaths at the new
Year, new Papers his Windows, and
W alls; renews the Epitaphs, and In-
lcnptions about his Houfe, and is fure
to lay in a Rock of Wine, and Provill-
° n^ ° , Fcrf w,' h ^ F rien d s
S th e k m Februarh 1 ^ n t at
newYear, t0 he Illu !Tlinat:ions all about
the City. Thurjday 2d, being the laR
day of the Year, began the Solemnity of
t le new Year, to take leave of the old.
The Celebt ation is as follows. At Night
in all Houfes, the Sons kneel before
their Parents, the younger Brothers be-
fore the Elder, the Servants before their
MaRers, touching the Ground with their
Heads, and peiform the Ceremonies ac-
cording to the cuRom of the Country,
mention d in another Place. The Wo-
men do the fame among themfelves;
for in China, it is fo Rridly forbid to
Convene with Women, that the Father-
in-law, muft never fee his Daughter-
in-law, if they are of Quality, and goes
only upon this Day, with her Son to
perform this Duty. But before they re-
quire this Duty of their Children, the
MaRers of the Families pay it to their
Anceitors; touching the Ground three
times with their Forehead before their
I ablet, that is, the Fathers, Grandfa-
thers, and Great Grandfathers, and
burning fweats before it. Friday 3d, in
. ... _______ ________________ W . X-W,-.! , »
%L
Book IV.
the Morning long before Day the molt
SuperRitious of them, went1 to thofe
Fagods they had a devotion for, to touch
the Ground with their Foreheads, and
burn Sweets, and of thofe Coils, made
of the Barks of Trees bruiz’d, we have
given an account elfewhere. After which
they ufe to Pay vilits to their Friends,
which is fufficiently perform’d by leav-
ing it written on a piece of Red Paper,
that they were there to wait on them;
and this is done to lave the trouble of
Compliments when they meet. But
Kindred and fpecial Friends fee one ano-
ther; and no Man in their Vilits can a-
void drinking three Cups of Liquor made
of Rice, and thus he who has many Re-
lations, and Friends, tho’ he goes from
home never lb Grave, returns light
headed and Reeling. I fay grave, be-
caufe on thefe Days, the Chinefes go like
lo many Religious Men, in a very Ray’d
PoRure, being of Opinion that if they
Laugh, Weep, Play, or commit any 0-
ther light ACtion, they ftall be inclin’d
to do the fame all the Year after. In
lhort, this beginning of the New Year,
is Celebrated with Reciprocal Vifits,
Eating, Drinking, and Reioycing 1 a
troublefome noife of ChinefeDtaxmlaA o-
ther InRruments refounding for three
whole Days; befides Fireworks, where- \
of we lhall fpeak hereafter. Abundance
of Mony is fpentin Powder, and Paper,
as well to be us’d in the Houfes, as to
burn in the Tagods, after the Sacrifice,
and Offering of Flefh, Fouls, and Fruit
which they afterwards carry home to eat
with their Friends.
The fame 3d Day in the Morning be- /
times, I went to fee a very inconfidera-
ble thing in my Fancy, but very great
in the Opinion of the Chinefes. Going
out at the Gate of Lamhin on the EaR
fide, I faw a vaR great Cow, made of
colour’d Clay, hemm’d in by a Multi-
tude of Chinefes, who beating it to pie- -V-...... ,•
ces with long Poles, wherein confiRs the
Sport, went to Logger-heads, about
who (hould get the little Calves made of
the fame StuRj which were in the Cows
Belly. This they do in remembrance of
an antient Emperor of theirs, whom
the Multitude believes to have been Con-
verted into a Cow,which was good onlv
for the Plow. They told me they after- superfti-
wards prefented the Calves to great Men tious-Pra-
for a good newYears Gift. At my return,I ^es.
went into fee 2 very large Pagods the
firR eroded in Honour of Chianlalye, a
Deity, for whofe Service there are al-
ways Horfes Randing ready before the
-jem-
• ....................................................... .. •................ _ At* ~
■v / ------x
III
ChapTfil 0/ C H 1 N A
rvA-/"> Temple Gates, becaufe they fay he
Gemelli. would ride a thoufand Leagues a day,
16 9 7 . on them. There are alio about the
Courts, feveral Statues in fundry hor-
rid Shapes. At the upper end of the
Pagod is the aforefaid Idol, Chianlaoye
fitting, with a thing like a Diademe on
his Head. I found many Idolaters Of-
fering Meat ready drefs’d, and Fruit 3
burning Sweets, and Paper to be con-
verted into Gold and Silver, to ferve
' the Dead. Others cook a Piece of flick,
flit through the middle, and flung both
pieces up into the Air. If one or both
of them fell to the Ground with the flat
fide, that had been cleft through, up-
wards, it was counted a good omen, and
a fign the Idol was pleas’d with them 3
but if the Bark of both was upwards,
that was a very ill Sign. But they threw
them up fo often, that at laft the flicks
mufl needs fall as they would have them,
Others rowling about great Faggots,
drew out a flick to know their good,
or ill Fortune, and this they repeated
till they drew one that was Fortunate,
The other Pagod was near the Palace,
which formerly belong’d to the Petty
King, but at prefent to the Tartar Ge-
neral. It is divided into three Parts,
one within another in the firft 3 I faw 3
"N * Idols in the Niche, bare headed, and 0-
ther great Statues on the Ground. In
the 2d there were alfo three Idols in the
■ , % Niche, and four by their fides on the
Ground. In the 3d, there were five
horrid Figures upon the Ground, and
one great Idol of a Gold colour, and an-
other little one in the Niche. In my
\ way home, I met a number of M anda-
rines in Chairs,and on Horfe-back, moil
richly Clad, with the Enfigns of their
Employments and Degrees embroider’d
on their Garments. They were going
nBI<A to pay the ufual adoration in the Pa-
gods. Saturday 4th, thofe who had re-
ceiv’d the Compliments of the newYear,
were employ’d in returning, the Vifits,
either in Perfon, or with the red Paper,
according to the cuftom of the Country,
This is to be underftood of inferiour
Mandarines 3 for the 5 great ones receive
.them, and make the return by Petty M an-
darines, or other Officers of their Courts 3
and only viiit one another Perfonally.
Thefe five Principal Minifters of Can-
ton, are the Fuyen, or Viceroy 3 theP«-
* chienfu, or Reciever General, of all the
Taxes of the Province 3 the Zian-chyun,
or General of the Tartar Troops, and
two AiTociates.of his, call’d Tman, nam’d
the rightaad left Arm of his Body, and
f.f ; ? jjJ,, .
<SL
thefe are of equal Authority 3 being car-
ry’din a Chair by 8 Men, with the Cbinefe
Drum before them,beaten with 13 ftrokes
following. Sunday 5th, 1 went to the
Church o f the Spamjh Francifcans, whither
abundance of Chinefe Chriitians refortcd
to perform their Devotions. Monday 6th,
a Cbinefe Merchant invited, me to his
Houfe 3 bat gave me my Dinner too ear­
ly, according to their Cuftom. There
were on the Table,atlealt 20 little Dilhes
with feveral forts of Fruit andSweetmeats
and others withChickens,andSwinesfldh.
I faw nothing worth mentioning the fol- Feftival
lowing days, till Monday 53th, when I ofLant
went about to fee the Preparations for horns,;
the FeaftoftheLanthorns made through-
out the City, as being one of the chief
Feflivals of the Chinefes, and to fay the
Truth, I met with wonderful lnven-
tions. The Chinefes give the follow-
ing account of its Orignal. They fay,
that not long after the Ere&ing of
their Empire, a Mandarine much bc-
lov’d of the People for his Virtue,
loft a Daughter he doated on, upon
the Bank of a River3 and going along
the Shore to look for her, all People
follow’d him Weeping, with lighted
Torches and Lanthorns 3 but tho’ he
fought for her a long time in all Places
about the Bank (much as Ceres did
her Daughter Proferpine) yet ihe was
never found. The learned in their
Books, aflign another Original 3 which
is, that 3500 Years fince, in the Reign
of the laft King of the Family Hia, K
whofe Name was Kie, a cruel Man, and
wholly given up to fenfuality 3 he be-
ing one day with his bell beloved
Queen, lamented that the Pleafures of
this Life, were not lafting 3 that few
liv’d an hundred Years 3 that time be-
ing fo fwift, he could not fatiate him-
felf with thofe Pleafures, he fo dearly
lov’d, and in fhort he refledted upon
Nature as Unkind, and Cruel. The
Queen feeing him fo diiturb’d, laid. /
know fuch a way to prolong time., as will
fatisfy yon. Make a Month a day, and
a Year a Month, and thus the Years,
Months, and Days will be fo long, that
living ten Years, you will have the Pleafure
and Satisfaction of an hundred. There-
fore ihe perfuaded the Foolilh fenfual
Emperor, to build a Palace without
Windows, that no Light might come
in. Then Ihe caus’d it to be adorn’d
with Gold, Silver, Precious Stones*
and rich Moveables, brought in a Num-
berofBoys, and Beautiful Girles, all Na-
ked,and in fine, bury’d her felf, and her
Hus-
Ooq
;

fl| . <SL
408 A Voyage round the VV O JL L O.
C V A .^ Husband there Alive, without any Light
Gemelli. but that of an infinite number of Flam-
1697. beaux, and Lanthorns, inftead of the
.V lN Sun, Moon, and Stars. There the Em-
peror Kit continu’d a whole Year with
his leud Queen, giving himfelf up to all
forts of lultfulVleaiures j forgetting
Time, Heaven, and every thihg elfe,
even their Court and Empire, and fram-
ing to themfelves new Times and new
Heavens in their own Conceit. His Sub-
je&s provok’d by thefe Extravagancies,
and his Cruelty, revolted, and fet up in
his Place Chim-tm, head of a new Fa-
mily. After Kie’i Death, they deftroy’d
his Palace, and repeal’d all his Ordinan-
ces, except the Invention of Flambeaux
and Lanthorns, which they preferv’d to
Celebrate the FeRival. They tell fur-
ther, That about 2000 Years after that,
another Emperor of the tenth Family
call’d T u rn , hadfuch Faith in a Jugler
of the Sect of Taofit (wliofe Profeffion
it is to impofe on the World with chi-
mical Operations, promifingendlcfsGold
and Silver, a Life almoft Everlalting,
and in a Moment to remove Mountains)
that one Day he told me, he had a mind
to fee the Lanthorns lighted in the City
Tam-cheu, in the Province of Nanking,
which were the fineft and moll applaud-
ed throughout the Empire j and the Fe-
Rival was the next Night. The Con-
jmer anfwer'd, be would carry him thi-
ther to fee the Lanthorns, and bring him
back again the fame Night, at his Eafe,
and without the leaft Trouble. In ef*
fed, foon after there appear’d Chariots
and Thrones in the Air, made of Clouds,
which feern’d to be fwiftly drawn by
Swans ; and the King and Queen mount-
ing them with a great number of Ladies j
and Muficians belonging to the Palace,
came to Y am -clow in the twinkling of
an Eye, the Clouds fpreading and co-
veriiig the whole City. The King law
the Lanthorns, and to requite the Citi-
Zens for the Pieafure he had taken in
their City, he caus’d his Mufick to Play,
and then return’d to his Palace in a Mo-
tnent. A Month after an Exprefs came
according to Cnftom from that City,
mentioning what had been there feen
on the Lanthorn Night. Laftly, they
fay, That 500 Years after, there was a
King of the Family Sum, who us’d every
Year at that time to ihow himfelf Fami-
liarly to all the Lords, and great Men .
with the Doors open, affording them the
• Satisfk&ion of enjoying the Sight of the
fine Lanthorns, and Fireworks, and the
hearing of the charming Mufick he had
in his Palace. * dies
Wo
■ fc '
Book IV.
Tburfday the 14th of February, and the
12th ot the Cbinefe Moon, 1 went at
Night about the City of Canton to fee
this Rejoycing. In every Quartet of it,
or Ward, was fet up feme Figure of
their Idols, about which there were far
veral Ferfons difguis’d, fome like Wo-
men, and forae otherwife, with prepo-
fterous Habits and Masks, and feveral
lnftrufneots in their Hands. In thefe
Shapes they went about the Town upon
AITes, or a-foot (as. is us’d in the Car- .
naval in Italy) with a long Procdfion
before them of Lanthorns on long Poles,
They were made either of Paper, or of
Taffeta of feveral Colours, and in the
fhape of feveral Creatures, as Fillies,
Dogs, Horles, Lions, and the like,
which with the Light were very plca-
fant to behold; all this attended with
noify Inftruments of Brafs and Drums,
The belt of it was that fome went Na-
ked to A d their Parts more to the Life,
But the prime part of this Solemnity is
to be feen in the Pagods, and the Palaces Noble
of great Lords, where there are Lan- Lanthorns
thorns that coll: \ 5, or 20 Piffoles, and
in thofe of the Viceroys and Princes,
they are not worth lefs than an hundred,
two hundred, and three hundred Crowns,
They are hung up iu the ftatelielfc Halls,
by reifoa of their greatneis, for there
are fome twenty Cubits Diameter, or
more. Within, them is a vaft number
of Lamps and Candles, whofe Light fets
off'the Painting, and the Smoke gives
Life to the Figures, which with wonder-
ful Art-; un round, leap, and go up and
down within the Lanthorn. There are
to be feen Horles galloping, Carts drawn,
Men at work on. the Land :, Ships under
Sail, Mandarines and Princes going in
and out with numerous Trains $ Annies
Marching 7 - Plays Acting; Dancing, and
other Sports with feveral Motions. The
People go about all Night enjoying
thefe Sights, playing on Inftruments, in
Companies made up of Families and
Friends. There is no Houfe Rich or
Poor, but that Night has its Lanthorn
either in a Court, Hall, or Window. , ,,
There are alfo Puppet Shoes, and others
by Shadows made to appear upon fine
and tranfparent white Silk, wonderfully
reprefenting Kings, Queens, Cornman-
ders, Soldiers, Buffoons, and other Things
proper for the Stage. The wonder is
to fee them exprefs Weeping, Joy,
Anger, and other Paflions, with as much
eafe as they make all the Figures move.
Near the Pagods, befides the aforefaid
Figures and Shows, there are feveral Ar-
, . #
tf ‘*>1.
((®
^Jf/
\% V---
Ch^pTlV. ~ O/C H 1 N A. ,
c|ies cover’d with Silk, with variety of
Gemdli Painting, which the Light within Ihews
id 97 Pleafant and Diverting. In fhort, upon
u r v ^ J this occaiion there are feveral Millions-
fpent throughout the Empire, as well in
colour’d Paper to adorn the Houfes, as
to Burn, make Fireworks, and Lanthorns.
Methinks if it were poflible to fee all the.
Empire at one call: of an Eye from fome
w h piaCe, it'would appear all in a Flame,
like one mighty Fire * there being no
Man either in City or Country, or on
the Rivers, but has his painted Lanthorn,
and all of them made after feveral man-
nets' and that has not Fireworks repre-
fenting feveral Creatures. I know no
Nation in the World that can compare
CHAP.
Deferthing the publick Attendance of the Leamquam Tfunto, or Vicar o f two
Provinces, and other remarkable Things in Kuan-cheu, or Canton.
Ednefday the 15 th of February, and
W 13th Day of the Chinefe New
theVicar Year, I went to fee the Tfunto, who was
of two then at Canton, about Buhnefs of his
Before h e c a m e o u t of
Provinces. E m p l o y m e n t .
his Palace (which had belong’d to the
petty King of Canton) three Chambers
were fir’d, to give the People Notice of
his comine, and then he fet out attended
as follows.
A. chinefe Drums on which they give
thirteen Strokes following.
j-. 1. a Tablet with the Sign denot-
"ing the Civil Magiftrate.
C. 2. Tablet denoting his Martial
’ power.
D. 3. A Tablet commanding Silence,
E. 4. A Tablet to command all to
clear the way.
F. Banners.
G. Several Employments, and Offices
the Minifters hold.
H Gilt Staves.
l. The Dragon the Emperor’s Device,
L. Domefticks and Servants.
> J M . Executioners and Catchpoles.
N. An Umbrello.
O. Affiftants to the Executioners.
P. One that carries the Imperial Seal
on his Back in a Purfe.
Q. Another who carries the Commif-
R. The Tfunto in an open Chair, car-
ry’d by eight Men.
S. An Umbrello of another fort.
T . The firft Guards.
V. The fecond Guards.
Vol.. IV
> ;
\
k>L
_______ 40£_
with the Cbinefes in this particular of
making Fireworks * for they have been
known to make a whole Bower of red
Grapes, which all burnt without being
confum’d ; but on the contrary the Body
of the Vine, the Branches, Leaves, Bun-
ches, and the very Stones, all at once
burning appear’d in their proper Colours,
either Red, Green, or otherwife, fo that
to the Beholders they feem’d rather Real
than Counterfeit. But the moll ftupen-
dious Thing is to lee, that the Fire,
which is fo adive and fierce an Element,
fhould Operate fo flowly, as if it had
loft its own Nature, to ob-^y Art, and
ferv’d only to Ihow the Bower without
burning it.
IV.
X. A Troop of Tartar Horfe.
T. Chinefe Women that come to fee
the Cavalcade,
Z . Tartar Women.
See Cut Numb. III. Fag. 4op.
After Dinner I went to the top of a An odd
Hill to fee the Preparations made in a Struaure,
Houfe, where the Vice-roy and fome
principal Mandarines were to be Enter-
tain’d at Night. It had been built by
a Mandarine within the old City call’d
Lauchin, and confifted of one large Room
or Hall fupported by abundance of fine
wooden Pillars. Over it was another
like it •, both of them were Spacious,
but not Beautiful 3 and therefore only
afforded a noble Profped, becaufe they
difeover’d all the City. In the upj^er
Hall was a Paged with feveral Idols •, with
many of their Religious Men call’d TaozM
about them. In the firft the Tables were
cover’d plentifully enough to Entertain
the Fuyen, or Vice-roy. About the Wall
there were Cupboards, Cabinets, and
other Things of rich China and Japan
varnilh’d with abundance of Figures. ,
Having feen what was there I came down
from the Hill. At the foot of xe I went
in to fee a Convent of Women Bonz.es.
The good Women gave me Tea, and
carry’d me to fee the Pagod and their
Monaftery. The Night following there
was publick Rejoyciug throughout the
City with Lanthorns, and other fuper-
ftitious Follies.
F f f Sunday
IfII ,, ,. . ,
HI f
410 Voyage round the W O R L D.
f v v / 1 Sunday 19th, there was a great Refort
Cernelli. of Chinefe Chriftians to the Church of
1697. the Sfanifh Francifcans. Manday 20 th,
being counted a fortunate Day, "a great
Atten* many Couple were marry’d. As 1 Hood
a**mean before the Houle, I law a Bride go by.
Bride! Before t er went fix Woman, with as
many Chinefe Boxes handfomly Gilt and
Varnilh’d, in which they carry’d the
Prefeuts cover’d. Then follow’d about
20 Muiicians with feveral lnftrumeats,
and feveral Banners of painted Paper,
upon long Staves. Then came the Bride
in a clofe Chair, richly adorn’d with Silk
curiouftf wrought, and after her four
Relations that attended her. Ten. For-.
ters carry’d as many Chefls with the
Goods, the Bride being of mean Paren-
tage The Bridegroom waited at Home,
with his Kindred, to receive her at his
Door.
A Fane- Wednefday 22d, 1 law a ftately Fune-
***• ral. Firft went twelve Paper Banners,
Statues, and other Things, hanging at
long Poles; then about twenty Muiicians,
and fix Boxes for burning of Sweets,
and to carry Prefents to the Bonzes,
Next follow’d feven great Umbrellas
with Curtains about them, and many
Bonzes with their Copes, att ending the
Dead Body. The Proceflion was clos’d
by about an hundred Chinefis, with each
a Cord in his Hand, of thole they make
of the Barks of Trees pounded, which
burn gently. Among them were the
neareft Relations, dad in Sackcloth, with
their Bodies bowing. * men with Gifts, then other Lanthorns,
The 7fm- Friday 24th, drinking it a proper Day
»os Pa- t0 fee p„| t of the Tfantd‘%Palace, be-
ate‘ caufe of the Vifits made him by all the
Mandarines of the City, and Country,
as their Super ior in civil and military
Affairs, he being Captain General and
Vicar of the Provinces of Canton and
Kiangfij I went thither betimes. The
firft Court was a Musket Shot and a half
long, and proporttonably in breadth,
where there were abundance of Soldiers
in Tents. From two long Poles fix’d
up there, hung two lquare yellow Ban-
uers, with Chara&ers on them; after
the fame manner as they are in the Vice-
roy’s Court. At the Entrance of the
fecond Court there were feveral Officers,
and among the reft forty in beautiful
Silk Garments, on which fome had a
Bird, lome a Lion, fome a Tyger, or
other Things embroider'd. Being in
this fecond Court, which is half a Mms-
ket Shot fquare, and going on to the
third Door, I met the Guards, who
would not permit me to go any further;
L t lV
<SL
Book IV.
but from thence I look’d into the third
and fourth Courts, as big as the fecond,
at the end whereof was the Hall to give
Audience, well enough adorn’d. Having
ftay’d there an Hour, I law the Fuyen,
or Vice-roy, the Zanchytm, and other
Mandarines take their Leaves ; the Tfm~
«>, who was an old Man, bite of a comly
Prafence, and dad after the Tartar Fa-
Hrion, waiting on them to the fourth
Door with much Refpeii, and Civility ;
then I obferv’d they went to the third
Gate upon a handlbme Caufway that di­
vides the Court, and there they reitera-
ted their Complements. The Vice-roy’s
Train was more numerous than the Z*«-
chyun\ ; for there went firft 16 Banners,
then as many Tablets, on which were
written the Charafters and Privileges of
bis Dignity; then llmbi-ellos; thirty Sol-
diets a-Horfeback ; abpve fifty inferior
Officers, Executioners, and Hangmen,
with Staves, Chains, and Wands in their
Hands, after whom came he in a Chair
carry’d by eight Men. They laid the
Tfu?!t<>, and two |W » j (T a ligniiies great,
and (Jin a Man ia the Chinefe Tongue)
were come by the Emperor’s Order to
Review the Troops in the Province; that
is, to fill their Purfes.
After Dinner I law another Nuptial Another
Solemnity. Firft of all there were car- Wedding,
ry’d twenty great Lanthorns lunging at
Poles, but they had no lighted Candles
in them. Next came a quantity of Pre-
feats of feveral forts, and twelve Wo-
carry’d by young Lads; feveral Curiofi-
ties in Silk and Paper, and laftly the
Bride in a fine cover'd Chair.
Saturday 25th, as I pafs’d before the ofPunifh-
Court of the QuamhestfH, that is, the inents.
Governor of the' City, I perceiv’d they
were beating a poor Wretch, and ask-
ing the Caufe of it they told me, he was
Baftiiiado’d for another Man’s Crime ;
it being the Cuftom, for a guilty Perfon
Condemn’d to receive lb many Strokes
to find one for Mony to take them for
him ; uiing this Cruelty towards himfelf
to relieve his Poverty. But the Execu- -
tioner and Goaler muft be Brib’d to con- *"'
fent to the Exchange. F. Augufiin, Su- v
perior of the Houfe where 1 lay, told
me, this Abufe had been carry ’d fo far
of late Years, that fome Thieves having
been condemn’d to Death, their Friends,
perfwading fome poor Wretches they
fhould receive fb many Strokes for a
Price agreed on, with the content of the
Goaler, whom they had Brib’d, got the
condemn’d Perfons out of Frifon ; and
thofe
 n

'
<SL
«

chap. v.
“"~ “ ■“ ~ ,
of c h
-- -1 ■ - ■~i ~
fs_A *o thofe miferable Fellows were afterwards
Gemelli. put to Death by the Mandarine, as ha-
1 <SS>7- ving taken on them the Names and
Crimes of the real Malefa&ors. This Vil-
l a n y being afterwards deteded, the Con-
trivers of it were punilh’d with Death.
Monday 2,7th, the Governor of the
City proclaim’d a Fall for fifteen Days,
to obtain Rain of Heaven to produce the
Rice, for there was a great Drought.
The belt of it was, that they made even
the Chriltians Fait by force, and keep
Lent in Shrovetide; it being prohibited
in a
.“
l ~ '*'"— ' nm
;
i. 111""*'■■■'■'■
5p r
" '■'" ill
tinder fevere Penalties, to fell Beef,
Pork, Fowl, Eggs, or the like, but on-
Iy Herbs, and Grain. Thefe Falls are
proclaim’d moll; Years in all Cities where
there wants Rain; and they endeavour
to obtain it with Prayers and Proceflions,
and lighting abundance of Candles iii
. their Pagods, and burning gilt and iil-
ver’d Paper. If it does not Rain in a
Fortnight, the Fall is proclaim’d for as
long again. Tuefday and Wedmfday, 28
and 29, I prepar’d for my return towards
Europe, and bought lome Curiofities.

CHAP. V.
The Author*s fbort Voyage to Macao.
B Eing refolv’d to go for Manila, a- Chip; then making up under the SteteL
board the Spanijh Veil'd then riding of our Boat, asking whether we had any
at Macao, I thought fit to wait on the Salt, they laid us aboard. We hereupon
Captain of ic to ask his Cdnfent, and beginning to Sufpedt them, laid hold of
accordingly order’d my Affairs for that our Arms, and fir’d two Piltols to Fright
fhort Voyage. Saturday the 3d of March, them. Being meer Cowards they pre-
I Sail’d late aboard a Cbiampan, or great fently fell off in a Fright; and went to
Boat that carry’d the Silks the Spanijh take up a Spy or Centinel they had left
Merchants had brought to Macao, and on the higheft part of theIfland. After-
made little way, as we did alio on Sun- wards both the Chiampans drew into the
day 4th, the Wind being contrary, fo pfivateft part of the Ifland, fearing left
that we could Icarce come in light of the the Mandarine of the white Houle up-
Townot Sciunte, where the Spanijh Fran- on Information Ihould fend after them.
eifeans have a Houfe and Church; and Whilft we Hood upon our Guard againft
the fame Wind continuing on Monday, the Robbers, I could not fave my felf
we could not get beyond the Town of from the Knavery of our own Sailers j
Aonfon. Tuefday 5 th, the Idolater Sailers who making ufe of their Time, in the
prepar’d for their Sacrifice. The wicked height of the Hurry, Hole a little Watch
Pilot play’d the part of a Prieft, under I carry’d for F. Philip Fiefchi. T h e Chi­
an Umbrello, that the Idolatrous Cere- nefe Sailers would have call Anchor in
mony might be the more Decent, or ra- light of the Pirates, upon Pretence that
ther more Deteftable. The Meat was it was Ebb, and there was not Water
fet upon a Table in Chinefe Diflies, viz., enough to goon; but being requir’d to
boil’d Pork, Filh, and Sugar-canes cut in go on as far as the white Houfe, that we
fmall bits with Wine. Firft he ftruck his might be out of the Danger above-men-
Head againft the Ground feveral times tion’d, and the Pilot obftinately refilling
holdinghisyandstogether,andtheDrum to go any further, he had fome Strokes
*■* beating; than he began to mutter fome given him, and then Laughing hoilled
« 7 W ords; and lallly, he pour’d a little both his Sails. We came to Macao be-
Wine on the Meat, and, according to fore Noon, where I was again courte-
Cuftom, burnt colour’d Papers. After- oully Entertain’d by F. Jofeph of the
wards the Meat and Wine was diftributed Conception, Prior of the Monaftery of
among the Idolaters; which they gree- St. Auguftin, as I had been at my firft
dily devour’d, vainly imagining them- coming thither, and that Night being
felves to be blefs’d by it. This prophane Shrove-Tuefday, we had an excellent Sup-
Aflion could not but produce an unhap- per aboard the Spanijh VelFel, all the
py Effedl. One or two Chiampans of Rob- Spanijh Merchants being there. The fol-
bers that were in the Ifland came up to lowing Days were fpent in Devotion,
.. . us. Our Men thinking they had been which is great there, and the Churches
Guards of the Canal receiv’d them as much frequented by Men and Women.
Friends, faluting them with their Drum. The Womens Apparel there is ftrange,
The Robbers return’d the Civility lifting the whole confiliing of two pieces of
their Hands on high, in token of Friend- Silk, without the help of Tailer, Scifars,
Vol. IV. F l f i or

v { : . ■ ■ . \ 1
’m
 ■ ®5Jn .
III
a ;^ A Voyage round the W O K. L D.
r C ^ V to T l7 OaeThey wrap a b ^ r d l d T ^ e a 'f jin g Breeches down to their An-
for a Petticoat; the cles, fo that they look like fo many lha.g-
^ che gy Dogs. The Condition o the poor
\s~y ~\3 I .eps being left out with no other Stoc- Pmuguefes of Macm is very deplorable,
Legs oemg len. uu
kins Nat.nepov.ded,
th a n me#nJ Sort. Whillt the Trade with
'J,o’ not convenient,P^s very modelt. But
the ! adies are better, and more decent-
lv Clfd They generally go in wooden
C/Srs aik S - S S a i f f i ^ fitting
ifrer the Turkifh Falhion, with their Legs
a crofs the lownefs of the Chair not al-
lowing them to lit any other way. They
•irf> ranu’d like Capes. hanging by an
iron Ring faltned to the top, through
which they run a Coltftaff The Men
/ C H A P .
The Author's Return to Canton mother Way,
Aving hir’d a Chair for 3 5° Chiap-
H pa< ° l fet forward upon Saturday
10th, before Noon, pafs’d firft by Caf*-
Blanca, or White Houle, a little Town,
and the Relidence of a finall Mandarine,
and at Night came to the Village of j U-
m i having travelled 18 Miles. I found
a bad Lodging, and worfe Supper m the
Inn, there being nothing to be had lor
Monv. Sunday u th , l fet out with a
Chmlfe that fell into ray Company, and
we travel I’d through Hills and Moun-
tains. The Chair men were fo weak
that they often relied, which made me
in Pity to them walk a great; part o f che
Way. They were nothing like thole of
auLanfn who carrv’d me UD a fteep
Hi Ilf without ever letting my Foot to
the Ground. After Noon we came to
Aonfon, having travcH’d .3 Miles more,
S prefently went aboard the PaQage Boat
for a few Chtaopas, fet Sail about Sun-
fet, and fail’d III Night. Monday 12th,
the fair Wind continuing we pafs’d by
Scimte, In this Channel, tho’ it be frefh
Water, an infinite quantity of Oiftersis
taken, fo large, that the Flefh of fome
WP',Jb. a Pound • but generally
h M *' Po7 nd • but the Tafle is not fo
M d o J as o ir t
in Bntlding as if thev were Stones 1
aS“ he“ t ® ) £ w o T r C f o
that thev ferve inftead ol Glafs in their
Windows. Tuefday r 3th, we arriv’d at
Canton, and 1 return’d to my ufual A -
bode at the Spanijh Francifcans. Wedrnf-
day I4tb, as l was going to the Painter
that was at work for me, I met a Pro-
eelfion of TMZjt-Bonz.es going to a Fu-
neral in their Copes adorn’d with Gold.
<3L
Book IV.
0f Trade, efpeaally among the
Japan floiirifh’d, the Citizens were able
to Pave their Streets with Silver , but
that ceafing they were reduced to the
Poverty they now labour under I ho
the Veffgl was final!, Captain Safa*te ve-
ry geaeroufly gave_ me my Paffage to
Mmda J and tfierefore havmg no other
Bufinels at APacao^ 1 took my Leave or
my Friends, to return to Canton tor my
Equipage.
V I.
Before them were c^ ry’dT veral Urn-
brellos. Idols on Beers, Silk Banners,
others of pamted Paper, Pe. fumes,
and other Things. 2 \h h 2
thejuyen, _ °^c f J
noble 1 rain of 200 gt eat Boats line!y
gUt and painted, belonging to himfelf
and the ManJannestlw bo e hint Com
pany as far as Fukian. He was going
thither to provide for the Secuuty of a
third part of_hi ‘ J J J r S S er^vSTfe??d
M u tp y or Invafion pf R ogers w ^ r d .
I he Emperor had order that 0I j l l:
better fecunng of tmProvirxe tlhou J
be divided among three; one Part to the
Vice-roy * anotner to the 1V«, or (
neral of the Forces ; and the third to
the Tjimo\ and every oacofthem to . e
accoiHUablefen whac ,
w his Divifion. ^ 1 ^ , ^ Wtte
M*nda,m of Tunlan: (wh ch ^n.fies ot
the Ealt Shore) fee out by the Vice-roy s
Order, to cxm pofetheDiheren«be- w
tween the People of that fma l I
and the Sfmtjh ’ Brild a littlf
parchasd the Ground tq' Brnldl a lutlc
Church for the
the Place, had their Work owtructea
by thole People, who fancy’d they ihould
n
/d
tfis"fe t£ all W . if l Church w
caule it would take away their Fueu Sctvy
(that is Wind and W a te r a o r g w d U c .
as has been mention d before. Being rt
folv’d to Depart, I tcwk Leave oT a
the Fathers, imd returnd ^ ^anks to the
for having ]|^ertaiad me
feverai Months in their Houle,
r H A P
 <5L
o^ iy m l d f c W TW A : ~ 4 Tf
CHAP. VIL
The Author's return to Macao.
T T A v in g provided all things for my fir’d me not to look upon it, as pro*
Cemelli. £ " 1 Voyage, I put my Goods and ceeding from Jealoufy, but Prudence*
1697. Black aboard tbeVefleion Tuefday 20th, this being done, that none might fee
c O f V and went thither my felf after Dinner. • what a wretched condition the Guns
Tho' we were under Sail all the reft of were in, which befidcs that they were
that Day, and the following Night, yet few were all difmounted, by reafon of
we made but little way. Wednefday 21ft, the Poverty of the City. So that I can-
we pafs’d by the Town of Schtme, and not perceive upon what grounds F. John
advanced confiderably in the Night. Jofeph of S. Terefa fays, the City of
Thurfday 2id, the Wind being contrary M acho is vaftly Rich, and chat upon the xift. of
we made but little way. Friday 23d, Coronation of King John the fourth, Br^H-par,
the fame Pilot made fuch a Sacrifice, and it fent him a conliderable (Prefent of 2‘ u
with the fame Ceremonies as was men- ready Mony, and 200 Piece! of Brafs **** 1J“
tion’d before. He would not have us Cannon. The good Father was r0 fond
make Water over that fide of the Boat of Cannon, that he would fay anything
which was referv’d for that Superfti- for it. I never hear’d a more E xu i-
tion. Coming to Macao betimes, the vagant Romance, than when he tells
Cuftom-houfe Officers fearch’d the Chefts ns, that when the Portugueje took Ma-
of Silks, and weigh’d as well tltofe that lata from the Indians, there were found
had Gold in them, as the Plain, wrought in it 3000 pieces of Brafs Cannon •, where-
or unwrought, but they did not all Pay as tis well known that number cannot be
alike. The Duty is inconfiderable, that found in many conliderable ftrongholds in
is, one, or one and a half per. cent. The Europe put together; and that Mainea is
Prior ofS. Augufiin lodg’d me. The fol- no other than a final! Village, made up
lowing days li pent in vifiting the Captain of little Houfes, with Mud Walls, or
of the Veil'd, 1 was to go in, and Ibme at bell of Timber, and cover’d with
Churches,and among the reft,the College Palm-tree leaves, and the Caftle fo
of S. Paul, where there is part of the final], that it could not hold fo many
Arm of S. Francis Kaverins, from the Pieces of Cannon, tho’ they had been
Elbow to the Shoulder, the reft with the laid one upon another. Pei'haps the
Hand being at Rome, in the profefs'd 200 Pieces Macao fent the King of Per-
Houfe of the Jefuks. Wednejday 28th, tugal were taken out of thele 3000,
I went up to foe the Fort on the North which could never be found throughout
fide, but when I came thither, the Cap- all India, either of Brafs, or Iron,
taiu that was upon Guard would not The following days, I took leave of
fuller me to go in \ whereof making my my Friends, and prepar’d for my Voy-
Complainc to forne Portuguefe, they de- age to M anila.

CHAP.
The Wreck of a f.mail Teffel, and the wonderful Efcafe, of fome of the Sailors
belonging to it.
Jturday 3 j IF, I took a Boat to go fee
S the Green llland, belonging to the
Fathers of the Society, and not above a
Mile diftant from the City. It is a Mile
in comparand tho’ it be all a Solid Bar-
ren Rock, yet there is a convenient
Houfe in it, for the Fathers to take their
Recreation, and about it fome Fruit-
trees of Liehas, Longans, and Civas,
as alfo fome few Plantans, and Ananas.
In this Uland I found a Brother, who told
me a ftrange Story, which fhad before
hear’d from others, of a final! Veftel of
the Coaft of Coromandel, aboard which,
VilL
he himfelf had been a Sailor. In the
Year 1582, it fail’d from the City of
Manila, and Port of Cavite, with about
60 Perfons aboard, Portuguefe, Moors,
and Gemils. The Pilot being ignorant
of two Banks, that lye off oppofite to
the lllands of Calamins, run full upon
one of them, where the Ship fplit, and
the Goods were loft. The Moors and
Gemils attempting to get to a Neigh-
bouring llland, a Storm riling* Sank
them, and the Boat they went in. The
reft waiting till the Weather grew
Calm, made up a Chelt of Boards, the
belt

v/y
/xv#6 ' e°teN.
f(||
414 Voyage round the W O R L D .
beft they could, and in it went over by
Gemelli. degrees at feveral times to the Ifland,
1697 . which was not above two Miles off, but
WX/XJ finding no Water in it, they remov’d
to another, three Miles from i t ; which
they found as low as the other, very
fmall, and without Wood or Water, fo
that for four Days they were forced to
drink the Blood of Tortoifes. At length
Neceffity Iharpening their Wits, they
dug Trenches in the Ifland level with
the Water ; and what came into them,
tho’ blacki/h they drank for want of bet-
ter. In the mean while, Providence,
which never ^forfakes any Body, fed
them with Tortoifes ; for they coming
to lay thm Eggs, as they do For fix
Months continually, they kill'd fuch a
vaft qv .ntity, as ferv’d to Maintain them,
W Xn the Seafon of the Tortoifes was
paft, there reforted to the Ifland a fort
J of great Sea Fowls, call’d by the Spani-
ards, but more efpecially by the Portu-
guefes Paxaros-Bobos, or Pajfaros-Tolos,
that is, Foolilh Birds, to build their
N efts; and thefe being very Silly, as
their Name denotes, the Men kill’d e-
nough to ferve them, with Sticks ; and
thus eighteen of them, that had got in-
to the Ifland fed fix Months in the Year
upon Tortoifes, and the reft upon thofe
Birds, whereof they laid up Provilion
drying them in the Sun. They had no
Pots to Boil them, bnt Neceffity taught
them to make fome of Clay, but fuch as
would ferve only once. Their Cloaths
being quite worn out in feven Years they
led this painful Life, they Head the Birds,
and Hitching the Skins together with
Needles, and Thread, made of fmall
Palm-tree Leaves, they made a lhift to
cover their Nakednefs. In Winter they
defended themfelves the beft they could
in Caves they dug with their Hands,
During this time feveral Ships fail’d by,
but, tho’ they made all poffible Signs
with Fires to call them to their Relief,
none ever would come to their Affiftance,
perhaps for fear of the Sands; and thus
their Hopes always ended in Grief. At
length they refolved to Die, or put an
end to their Miferies; for the Birds be-
ing frighted came not in fuch Numbers
as they had done at firft ; and they were
like Ghofts for want of Fire and good
Food, and becaufe the Water was very
had. They therefore made a fmall Boat,
or rather a Cheft of Boards, caulking it
with the Cotton of a Quilt they had,
and inftead of Tar daubing it with Tor-
toifes Greafe. They made Ropes of cer-
tain Sinues in the Tortoifes, and Sails of
- '
§L
Book IV.
the Skins of the Birds few’d together.
In fine, they fet out without a fufficient
provilion of Birds, and Water, repo-
ling all their Confidence in God's Mercy,
and at the end of eight Days, arriv’d in
the Ifland of Hainan. Sixteen Sailers
Landing, for two had dy’d in the little
Ifland, the Chinefes fled, feeing them
look likeGhofts, and fo ftrangely Clad ;
but having given an Account of their
Misfortunes, the Mandarine of the Ifland
caus’d them to be recover’d and reftor’d
to their Strength with good Proviiions,
and then furnilh’d them with all Neceft
faries to return Home. The Portuguefes
coming to Macao, one of them found
that his Wife, believing him to be Dead,
had marry’d another Husband ; yet he
took her again, and the other was forced
to feek another, which perhaps was no
great Trouble to him.
Before I leave China, I am oblig’d, Fallhood
fince it comes here into my Mind, to of the Ac-
acquaint the Reader ; That the Chinefe c?unt_of ,
Women are much wrong’d in their Re- ^bafty
putation by the Author of the Relation t0 peUrtg.
of the Dutch Embaffy to Peking. In the
firft place he certainly dreamt that there
were publick Whores in China, and that
they are carry’d about the Towns, on
Affes by thofe that deal in them ; and
that they cry. Who will take her to him,
as other Things are cry’d about the
Streets; further adorning his Book with
the Figure of fuch a Woman. To fpeak
the Truth, I have not met with any fuch
piece of Impudence in fo many King-
doms and Empires, as I have feen, whe-
ther they were Moors, or other barba-
rous Nations; and as for China, having
been in both the Courts of Peking and
Nanking, and gone the fame way the
Dutch Ambafladors went, I never heard
fo abominable a Traffick fpoke of, much
left could I fee any thing like i t ; nay,
they have not fo much as the Name of
Whores, much left a Toleration of them,
to prevent the Debauching of Youth 5
and if there lhould happen to be any
fuch Women, they would be moft fe-
verely Punilh’d. So that F. Philip G ri-
maldi, who was Interpreter to the Em-
bafiy had reafon to tell me that the Au-
thor of that Relation has writ as many
Lies as Words.
Sunday the firft of April, the laft Chi-
ampan, or Boat loaded with Silks ar-
riv’d. It was hir’d by Dominick Sella,
Fadlor to the SpaniJIiVeffel, that the Ship
might not be detain’d any longer for
want of its Loading. Yec they were fain
to ftay Monday 2d, as well becaufe Se­
men,.
t(tj <SL
Ch,p.vm. 0/ C H I N 47 ^'
Ov^Aw-o tned-j the Tfmto's Servant was abfenc, and above all Duties ^ "andTccordingly-
GemellL who had taken Charge of that Affair on Wednefday 4th, the Head Clerk came
1 6 9 7 - which amounted to the value of 28000 again with a great many Under Clerks,
pieces of Eight, and becaufe a Compa- and other finall Officers to deliver the
nion of his, who brought the remainder Captain the Chiappa, or Liceufe to Sail,
of the Silks, would not deliver them and he rewarded them for their Pains,
without him } as alfo by reafon the Hu- Thurfday 5th, Semea came, and deliver’d
pu, or 'Chinefe Cuftomer for his private Silks to the value of 28000 pieces.of
Intereft delay'd figning the Chiappa^ or Eight, receiving 15000 that were behind,
Licenfe to depart, which Captain Bafarte Friday 6th, when the Veflel was ready
prefs’d for, that he might Sail; the For- to Sail, I having been too Negligent be-
tuguefe General, as they call him, al- fore, had a great deal of Trouble to
lowing none to Sail without the Hupa s make the neceflary Provifion for my Voy-»
Leave : At laft, on Tuefday 3d, fOme of age in ftch a Hurry. Here the Reader
the chief Cuftomers Clerks came to the rnnft give me leave to put ai) end to this
Captain’s Houfe, with whom the Bull- Volume of the Account of chi&^ to be­
liefs was adjufted for fifty Ducats, over gin-the next with the Philippine IfL nds,
0 4 || #T .
,7 ± A . -
' :i
J»
\
V /
V V;.•••' • S' J ■«*.„. ,f
\ • * I j iiv ' , <'"• r* ^ ^ (

• ................ *. ..- . — ---- ______

T -V *■ ~T \
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•* l ^vv,Hvftu aZ.\ .

l1 •' l ' v*;' •'*' ;* «o.f-£- « -'** J ‘ - x t'i i Jv/ cm?•’ ' ' - -v,
The End of the Fourth Volume, or Account of C h in a .

-tOafced y v 'P » • . .

wL_ ^ ’ . -*’*•»••*■* - . V" ' "w*■* • # 4. *.;>•A *J 1• '• “ s * * " • ’■* 111 . » •v- • v-■ v• •

^ m1—
1 .n.1, ■ i «i ■ «■ ■ -—
■ '""

a v o y.

or >

tin
 ■ Goi x
III
416____________________
'■■ O Y A G o
Round the W O R L D,
By D r
/P A R
Containing the moft Remarkable Things he (aw in
the P H I L U P P 1 N E ISLAN
" T o o
C H A P .
The Author's Vojige from Macao, to the Philippine Wands.
/ " " I O great is theDignity andExcellen-
16 0 7 c y o f HumaneNature,andfoa&ive
o - v T k U thofe Sparks of Heavenly Fire it
introdu- partakes of, that they ought, to be look’d
£lion. upon as very Meat), and Unworthy the
Name of Men, who thro’ Pufilanimi ty, by
them call’d Prudence, or through Sloath,
which they ftile Moderation, or elfe
through Avarice, to which they give the
Name of Frugality, at any Rate with-
draw themfelves from performing Great
and Noble Actions. Many make it their
bufinefs to extol the Glorious underta-
kingsof others,both in VerfeandProftj
and yet very few will attempt thofe
things that may Furchafe them fuch
Praile. It is eafy to find many Poets and
Orators, who make it their bufinefs to
Panegyrize Jlexan der , Cafar, Themiftocks
and Scivio, who had not the Heart to
imitate them in any one thing. Having
from my Youth, been an utter Enemy
to this Vice, and being taught by cu-
ftorn to endure the Fatigues of long
Voyages-, 1 refolv’d without any demur
to Sail from Macao, to the Philippine
Jflands, in the Spdmjh Veflel bound thi-
ther with Silks, as has been mention’d in
<SL
Bobk I.
. John F
ran
cisGemelli Careri.
T V*
k 1
I.
the laft Volume ; in order to expofe my
felf afterwards, to the moft dangerous
Voyage that can poffibly be imagin’d,
in which for feven Months, 1 was
tofs’d by moft Boiiicrotis and Frightful
Storms
It was now the 7th of .April 16 9 6 , E xtorfi-
when the Captain of the Ship being rea-ons ofcu-
dy to Sail, gave a Noble fare-well Feaft ^
to his Friends, at which I was, and af- ficers>
ter Dinner went aboard, thinking the
Spanifh Merchants too dainty, who ftaid
afhore to enjoy their Beds one Night the
more. Sunday 8th, the Xupu, or Cu-
ftoraers head Clerk came aboard with o-
ther Officers to fearch the VdTel, ac-
cording to Cuftom; to fee whether
there were any Chinefe Men or Women
aboard. Tho’ they had been abundant-
ly prefented by the Captain, yet their
infatiable avarice, put new Projeds of
Intereft into their Heads, notwithftand-
ing the agreement made the day before,
They faid they muft make a new fearch
among the Silks, to fee whether there
were any yellow, or that had Dragons
wrought in it with five Claws, which
are the Emperor’s peculiar Device, or
Mark
/ f > --

C l| .softs'
<§L

ChapTlT Of the PhilTippine I(lands, __ 4*7

" T X ^ a r k of DiftinSion, and there being of caft into theSea, fcudded about. Some
both forts abroad, and both prohibited faid the great one was a Female, and
Gemeiu. both lorts am » n* Remedy the finall ones her Young, whom (he
but Compolndlng the matter for a Sum had fallow 'd, that they might not be
of o t o o f Eight, whereupon they all loft, and that they ufe to carry them
went a w a y about Noon, well fatisfy’d under their Fins for the fame reafon.
RP?n t deliver’d from the troublefome . Others were of Opinion they had been
hnnft Officers after Dinner when hatch’d in her Belly out of Eggs, which
and is more likely if we confider there are
(fell11 down
/imiirn with
wirh it,
ir 1:be
the Wind not prov-
wino_no • 1 ^ fome
Bd]i forts
as isof daily
Fifh that bleedininEeels,
obferv’d their
ing very ^ o u ra • “ 8 fP clofe Tbe Calm held Holy Saturday and Ea-
theFort of t » f ier Sunday, which was kept, as well as
c tln d 1 inch a A * would permit. TV./-
, o’nn Jailer carrying out an day 24th, the Wind blew fair a while,
" h° wa!‘ Hatring but the Calm return'd
« « » C? B r a I aytb. T t * t h , a fte \ Noon
P ins the VelTel carry’d, we held on our the Wind came up again, and 'arry d
Guns the venei car y , fo far that 0n F r id a y 27th,,. we
way} but at Midnight came to an An$ ^ ^ ^ q{. ia the M
chor among feme Ni . h | me 0f Manila. Saturday 28th, we coaft-
fr°m Macao J h ^ N i g h t there om ^ ^ ^ g ^ wind> fo that
o? Silk for the Pilot. ’ Whilft the Silks Sunday 29th, we difeover’d Cape Boh-
of Suit tor tt , n and tbe Land of Pangajinan, Me-

'sstt& rz z * — - s
ChrZ iaT the wind being contra- little Iflands, call’d Lasdos Ermanas, or
„ ^ e ik W A echof “ e arrd ad- TV. fl» Si/irrr. T V -ffl, 3 d, made as
y’ 4 U rn n l eaeues. T«</&y xoth, little way. fl'ufcy 4 th , advanced no
Ihe Windbefngfeir, we hoiftedSaila- fafter, and could farce come up with
hmit Noon and held on our courfe, not Pla-ya-onda. In this place is a Email
S all Nieht but Wednefday 1 ith, got Fort, with 20 Spaniards in it, font thl-

fct I V f a i ld by° the White r X which have a Mlflion-houfo there, to Inftruft

fet, weiaiia oy 1 I2 the the Indians that are converted to the A Sponb
Wfod blew fo frefli, that we made much Faith. Saturday 5th, we few a Prodigy,
nrl as hefore we fteer’d Eaft, to upon the Sea, that is, a vaft quantity of
w ay} and as b ftretch twelve Water drawn up into the A ir , the
? ™ d r ' f ' J S h . from Vhis rime for- Z L r d , cal] 1. V .the i « l # a
Miles in fong , „ which Spout. The former faid it was formd
J ™ ? ’ ^ e f t Conrfe S M mthe Air like a Rain-bow, but w eld
i r i ' l / f .Jar t rib, the Wind was fo not grant upon any Account, that the
Manila. Friday 1 3™ , , difrercnce between them, was that
full m our T e e th , “ aV ^ “ on the Rain-bow, was compos'd of CnaUer
» « Br ? r?h^he O a m S ca rrrt os drops, and the Spent S f greater. It
Saturday 14th, the Curren y was the foreruner of a mighty Storm,

S m ’d & yl Gale flatting op after- of being lo ll; but cealrng then, we

. • 1%-K-Sk -fi
inIts belfy three Email ones, which being riumau, becaufo it wa^s not thought ^

*•

i n '!
l ilt
4 * 8 A Voyage round tbe W O R L D .
CVA-<a to enter it in the Dark, by reafon
G c m e lii, o f the Flats. Monday 7th, the Anchor
1696. was vveigh’d betimes, but little way
nlade, for want o f Wind, and wefcarce
got to Cape Botan. A t Sun-let the
W ind b le w hard, with Thunder, Light-
ning, and Rain, driving us forward, not
_ without Danger. N ext we pafs’d by
the Rocks call’d De las Pum as y Puer-
quitos, that is, the Sows and Pigs, being
two great, and five little ones, at the
JMouch of the Channel near the Ifland
Maribeles, and another call’d la M onja,
or the Nutt. As we came up the Chan-
nel, betwe*» the llland Maribeles, and
the Paw , del Diablo, or the D evil’s point,
the H gffe wpoaMirdbeUs put tip a
that :Ve might not run agrouud in the
da it Night. Perceiving that the Guard
v>f the llland o f lias, or Maribeles, had
not difeern’d us, by realbn o f the Dark-
nefs, we let up a Light to give notice j
and then the Enfign who was ujaon
Guard, came in a fma.ll Boat to examine
us, and know whence we came. He
came aboard, and having Hay’d an Hour,
telling us how Affairs flood at M am la,
went his way. Sailing on all Night,
on Tuefday 8th of M ay, we found our
felves dire&ly oppofite to the Caftle of
Cavite. Whilft we were drawing near-
er to Manila, Colonel Andaya came a-
board, to fee onr Captain. He was fa-
luted coming, and going, with fix Pe-
dereroes. With him came feveral o-
thers, among whom was D. Gabriel
de Sturis of Pamplona , Who being a
Profelfor of the Civil-law , as well
as I, we foon contracted Friendlhip.
They brought a good Reft efhment
of Chocolate, Grapes, Melons, and
other Fruit of the Country, which
we had need enough of, after our Fa-
tigue.
Being inform’d that F. Antonine Tutio
of Meffma, was Ke&or of Manila, I
The Au- went alhore that fame day to fee {him,
thorLands an[j wjtJi fois afliftance provide me a
Lodging. He rejoye’d at my coming,
for F. Turchotti, had lent him an A c-
count o f it from China, perfwading him
I was an Apoftolick EmilTary, fent to
inquire into the differences between the
Miflloners and Vicars Apoftolick, o f
which Opinion many more were at M a -
nil*. Asking F. Re&or wh3t day o f the
Week and Month it was there, he told
me that at M a n i la , it was M o n d a y the
7th o f M a y , whereas according to
my Reeckoniog and Journal begun
in Europe, from Eaft to W e f t , and
according to the reckoning o f the For-
U lO
<SL S^\
Book I.
tu gu fe ,I took it to be T u e fd a y the
8ch_ o f M ay, the Feaft o f the Ap-
parition of S. M ic h a e l. This fur priz’d Reafons
me very much at firft, feeing I fhould for lofing
have two Tucjdays in one W eek, one at or £aimn» ,
Sea, and the other at Manila ; but af- ^ a y at
terwards coafidering that the Tables of
the Sun’s declination arc made for one
fix’d, and determinate Meridian 5 and
that all the interval o f time, the Sun
fpends with the motion o f the Primum-
mobile, performing his Round, from his
departure from, one Meridian, till his
return to the fame, is divided into 24.
fpaces, call’d Hours, my admiration
ceas’d T w o Veflels therefore departing
from the lame Meridian upon the fame
day, and the one Sailing Eaft, the other
W eft, with the fame Tables o f de-
clination, when they have both run
round the W orld, and return to the
place whence they fet out, it will ap-
pear that the Ship which fail’d Eaft,
will recken a day more than in re­
ality the Sun has made, according to
the Tables of Declination •, for as the
Ship gains Meridians Eaftward , fo
the days it reckons are all lefs than
twenty four Hours , and every fif-
teen Degrees, it runs to the Eaft-
w ard, the Days will have loft an
Hour, and lo Proportionably ninety
Degrees will cut off fix Hours , and
the Sun will fall Ihort fb much of the
Declination, fet down in the Tables
for that day either increafing, or dimi-
niffiing. So when the Velfel has made
the whole round Eaftward, running
over the 36b Degrees, which anfwer
to a whole Day, the Sailer who comes
into the Port, will take it to be one day,
according to his computation of Ihort
days, but in reality, and according to
the Tables by which the Inhabitants of
the Port, are govern’d it will be a day
Ihort of his reckoning ■, and therefore if
on that day, the Declination increafes,
it is certain all that mull: be deducted,
that the faid Declination rifes in a day,
and if the Declination falls Ihort, fo
much muff: be added, to come up to
the Declination o f the Tables, which
is true, and immutable. The contrary
happens t o the Ship that Sails W eft-
ward ; for the further jt goes from the
Port, the diurnal Motion o f the Sun,
will be the more above twenty four hours
and therefore the Sailer will always
reckon greater days, that is, every 15
Degrees he removes from the Meridian
where he fet out, he will gain an Hour,
and in $ 0 Degrees, fix hours more than
the
.... .. s'
 . ■,
Chap.I. Of tbe PhillippineIflands.
the Tables fetdown ; and laftly, having
Gemdli. run round the World, will find one Day
1697. lefs in his Journal than is in the Tables,
and therefore will come to his Port,
according to his Account a Day (hort of
the Account of the Place, in this Cafe
he mull add all that the Sun increafes in
Declination from one Day to another,
deducing what is wanting that Day; all
that has been faid will be the plainer by
the following Example.
Two Vellels fail’d from the Port of
Lisbon on the ill of May 1630, the one
Eaft, the other Weft, and having both
fail’d round the World, return’d toge-
ther to the fame Port of Lisbon on the
1 ft of May 16 3 1, being the Third after
Leap Year. On that Day according to
the Tables, the Suns Declination was
15 Degrees, and 6 Minutes, and its In-
creafe from one Day to another is 18
Minutes ; that Day at Lisbon hapned to
be Tbiirfday; but he that had fail’d Eaft-
ward having made the Days lefs, it fol-
low’d of neceftity, that at the end of his
Voyage he had a whole one over; and
found by his reckoning that he was come
to Lisbon upon Friday the 2d of M ay,
and therefore faid the Sun’s Declination
was 15 Degrees, and 24 Minutes, which
» was not true, becaufe according to the
Tables he came to the Port on the ill
of M ay, when the Sun’s Declination was
but 13 Degrees, and 6 Minutes. There-
fore dedu&ing the 18 Minutes the Sun
at that time advances in a Day, there
remains the true Declination of the firlt
of May 1631. But he thac fail’d Weft,
and confequently had longer Days, of
neceflity at the end of his Voyage found
a Day Ihort, fo that according to his
Account he thought he had come fo L is-
bon on IVednefday before the 1 ft Day of
M ay, and therefore found the Dedina-
tion on his Tables to be 14 Degrees, and
48 Minutes, but faw he was deceiv’d,
finding at the Port ic was the ift of May,
and the Sun’s Declination 15 Degrees,
and 6 Minutes. Therefore adding 18
Minutes to ^Degrees, and 48 Minutes,
it produces 15 Degrees, and 6 Minutes,
the Sun’s true Declination oh the ilt of
May. Thus the two Ships we fpeak of,
according to their Reckoning, differ’d
from one another two Days, becaufe
that which fail’d Eaft, thought he came
to the Port of Lisbon on Friday the 2d
Vol. IV.
» '• mvF ^ -*,* *>**•< ' s
-Wst*' 1
<5L
n
, 4J9-
of M ay, and the other believ’d he came
on IVednefday the laft of A p ril; but ac-
cording to the true Account both Vef-
fels arriv’d on the ill of May. If it
were pofiible to make a Watch fo true,
as that it Ihould never Err ; a Sailor de-
parting from Naples with it going, and
Sailing round the World, would at his
Return to Naples find the fame Day
without any Miftake. So Petting out of
Naples at fix of the Clock, and Sailing
90 Degrees in fix Hours, as the Sun runs
(were this pofiible to be done) when he
would believe it to be twelve in the
Meridian he came to, as i^was where he
left, he would to his AftoiMiment find
it was ftill fix of the Clock, v
Having therefore found whauj lay to
be true by Experience, I fhall hei-^fter J "
proceed in my Journal according toYnc
Computation of Manila, finking a Day
I had over according to the Computation
of the Eaft, and Macao, and inftcad of
Luefday the 8th, 1 will call it Monday
the 7th. Tuesday the 8th, I return’d to
the Velfel for my Baggage, and din’d
there with D . Dominick de Sella the Fa-
ftor, who ftaid there to take Care of it,
till ic was Search’d. Three Hours be-
fore Sun-iet, Captain Bafarte fentWord
every one might carry olf his Equi-
page, becaufe the King’s Duties were
fix’d at 3000 pieces of Eight, which was
a fmall matter for the value of 200000
pieces of Eight, the Chinefes paying Six
per Cent. 1 landed with my Equipage
near St. Dominick's Gate, where I found
an Adjutant fent by the Governor, who
told me he expedfed me at his Palace,
I went thither immediately, and was
courteoufly receiv’d and treated with
Sweetmeats and Chocolate. He was a
Gentleman as Honourable as Curious,
and therefore kept me with him four
Hours, enquiring concerning the Cu-
Homs of thofe Kingdoms and Nations I
had travell’d through; fo that his Coach
and fix Horfes being ready to’carry him
out to take the Air, he caus’d the Hor-
fes to be taken out to fatisfy his Curio-
fity. When I took my Leave he civilly
offer’d me any thing I Ihould ftand in
Need of. I fent my Goods to an Apart-
ment in the College, whither the ReQor
came to Honour me, as he had done the
Night before,
Gggz CHAP.
. >
-
 mmm.. ■

|(f)| . - ■': §l
/\^6 ■ G
/o^--- °^7\
OV\

’~ 20~ ^ Voyage round the VV O K L P * _

CHAP. II-
Tfe Deferif t ion of tbe City Manila, W /Vj Suburbs.
J-,.
M
j s fe a t e d in 14 D eg rees, t h a t t h e y a r e d i f t i n g u i f h ’d b y f e v e r a l
yin,Ia IS ld ? r c “ A . : ft r a n R C N a m e s . T h i s has h a p n e d b y th e

15 9 7 . tu d e i
o c t r e e s o f L o n g itu d e .
, r i ic onH M i J h r s a r e
Spaniards
C o n ju n c t io n o f
r.efes Malabares Blacks, , ,
Indians, Chi- Inbabj-
a n d O t h e r s i n - tants*
F o r t h is R e d o n t h e :D a y s n d N £ * j r e an d W ands d e p e n d -
Situation a lw a y s o f a L e n g t h , o r . a t: U j f t J ^ a s is y ’ l f o f a u e n o u t i n th e

i m «y a t a " s ”x c X t H « 'a s b e i n g u n - ft L ^ / r C o n q u e lls

S l h e T o r S Zone, k
fta n d , V „ ? a d th e ^ f o V h i m S "
, * „ r t i.ihprp rhe R i v e r m th e W e f t h alts, 1n e y c a n tu rn t.neuo,
th a t c o m e s o u t" o f th e I .a k e ru n s in to w h o f e F a t h e r i s a Spaniard, a n d M o t h e r
Ehe S e a an w hence Ragia th e Moor, a W e f t Indian, o r t h e c o n t r a r y 5 M m
w h o h ad’ fo . t i f y ’ d h im f e lt w i t h R a m p a r t s is t h e S o n o f a Spaniard, a n d a n L a f t Jn-
u p h e ld b y P a l m - t r e e s , a n d f u r n i f l v d w i t h diarr, faftizfl, o r T tru rw o f “f ^ & k
r 11 r vn n s w a s B e a t e n o a t b y Michael M a n a n d W o m a n ; Quartaron o f a B l a c k
fin a U G u n s , w a s B e a t e n our. M an and s ijh W o g i a n i Mulato o f a
r o m n a f t 1is t w o M ile s i t s L e n g t h a t h i r d B l a c k W o m a n a n d W h i t e M a n ; Grifo o f
tw o M U es, a B l a c k W o m a n , a n d Mulato- Sambo 0

b e i n g n a r r o w a t b o t h E n d s , a n d w i d e in a Mulata W om an, and an Indtan, and

:"ct * 11? "f M,Sztas’i S iilt e X k S s s ^ 5

sL m s Ior St. DominickParia’l.l W on«
stra,8* .
¥ *„’ W a llo o n ^ t h e ^ fitle ^ n e x t cIvirT/ . f c S t a f f c a ll’d S » » , w r a p p 'd a b o u t
f t r e n g t h e n ’d w it h fiv e little T o w e rs, th tlf Middle, an d h a n g in g d o w n , fe r v e s

wo R o y -1o f H e a r. The S ^ rth a r c C la d

cS te 1 w h i c h is a lf o w e l l f u r n i f h ’d w i t h a l t e r t h e SpamjhJ F a f l u o n , o n l y o n t h e i r
and Food O u tw o rk s. F u r- F e e t th e y w e a r W o o d e n C lo g s , b ecam e
E o n S h e G t t f o f f S ' f t c a l l 'd O f th e R a in s . The M im , a r e fo rb rd

b e c a u fe it lo o k s t o th e V illa g e o f th a t w e a rin g ?“ * “ ! ’^ u t h e ^ h” f“ ftt h «

- r a r e \ ° t I ' T • r hlCC ' o i E a l o n g C' f t i U ° b y L i v e w e ll h a v e a lw a y s a S e r v a n t to c a r r y

T « « m
c .s ;b
;r S

fcir^awsa
f e a„ t r w S h NE
- , r c r a t th e R o y a l G a t e , an d
t k s z
jP P
s s s s i E ^ y s i » m
“
— % s £ s s - d ^ i t s s s t .

K f X » t t o t l 4E h l d 'E w f o u n d a ll A r t s a n d T r a d e , fo th a t a l

th e i? H a n d s , t h r o u g h .’ h e F a u l t o f t h e

W o o d e n H o u le s . J & m b c o n t a in s a b o u t o f t h e m in J 1® s « J “ r b * -a® “ 1 -J
3ooo S o u l s , b u t t h e f e o f fu c h d i f f e r e n t m o re a b o u t th e l ^ n d s v h c h .s p e rm it
M ix tu r e s a s to Q u a lit ie s , an d C o lo u r , te d th e m , i f n o t as C h riftm n s , a t le a ft

k) x “
ll| ■ %L
\

Chap. H. Of the Phillippine IflandsT JTT

(\~N Si in hopes they may become fuch, tho’ the Spaniards. In the fpace between
Gemelli. many are Converted for fear of being thefe Hamlets on both fides of the Ri-
1697- Banilh’d. There were formerly 40000, ver, as far as the Lake of Baht, there
t/W ) bat abundance of them were put to are Gardens , Farms and Country
Death in Tumults they rais’d at feveral Houfes, pleafaut enough to behold, fo
times, and particularly that on St. Fran- that looking on it altogether, it is much
els’s Eve in 1603, and they were after- like the large fcattering Villages of Siam.
wards prohibited flaying in the Uland fVednefday 9th, after other Vilics I California
by his Catholick Majefty. This Order went to wait upon the Father Provin- whether
is very little obferv’d, for there always cial of the Jefuits, and he being a very an Uland.
remain behind hid many of thofe that knowing Perfon, and who had travell’d
come every Year in 40, or 50 Chiam- much, particularly in Am erica■, we
pans loaded with Commodities 3 the Pro- fpeut the reft of the Day in Difcourfe
fit being very great at Manila, which of feveral forts, but efpeciaNy arguing
they could not find in China, by reafon whether California was an Bland as lome
of the fmall Price Manufactures bear, imagine, or a part of the Continent
The Merchants or Sangleys of Perian are joyn’d to New Spain. The Pro vincial
govern’d by an Alcade, to whom they was of Opinion it was part of the ’Gon-
allow a good Salary, as they do to the tineut, becaufe fome Fathers of the So-
Sollicitor their Protestor, to his Stew- ciecy having gone up the Mouth of icsx,
ard, and other Officers, betides all the Streight which is 60 Leagues over, and
Duties and Taxes to the King. They run up it many Leagues, found at laft
• pay his Majefty 10000 pieces of Eight that there was but very little Water in
a Year for the Privilege of Playing at the Channel, and could go no further-,
Metua, at their new Year, and yet this by which he guefs’d that long Bay had
Permiffion is but for a few Days, that no communication with the Northern
they may not throw away other Men’s Sea, foas to make California an Bland.
Moneys. Metua is the Game of Even Thurfday 10th, I went to the Mona- St. Clare.
or Odd, at which they Play laying down ftery of S. Clare. The Church is little
fmall heaps of Mony to be Won or Loft but has three conilderable Altars. In
by gueffing Right. They that ufe this the Monaftery are 40 Nuns of the Or-
Sport are fo Expert, that they know der of S. Francis, who live upon Alms
the Number by the Dimenfions of the given them by the King and many pri-
Heap, and fomedmes they lharply with- vate Perlons, being fuch ftrid Obfer-
draw a Piece to make their Number fall vers of their Rules that they receive
Right. The Spaniards keep thefe Chi- no Portions nor Servants. Theft good
nefes very much under, not fuffering Religious Women came firft out of
them to be in Chriftian Houfes at Night, New Spain in 1621. Next I law the
and obliging them to be without Light Royal Chappie feated before the Caftle, Chappie
in their Houfes and Shops, to break them apart from the Go vernonr’s Palace. It is Royal‘
of the abominable Vice that Nation is well adorn’d with Images, and the high
% inclin’d to. Altar is all gilt, as are the two fide ones,
Other su- Over the Bridge adjoyning to Parian, and that in the Wall on the right Hand,
burbsor or the Suburbs or Hamlets of Tondo, At the end of the Chappie there are two
Hamlets. Minondo, Santa Cruz., Dilao, S. M iguel, Quires, one over another, both well
S.Juan-de-Bagumbaya , Santiago, N uejlra - wrought. Eight Chaplains ferve it with
Sennora-de-la-Hermita, M alati, Chiapo, atl Allowance of 15 Pieces of Eight
and others, to the number of 15 in all, per Month, and 50 to the Chaplain Ma-
Inhabited by Indians, Tagalis and other jor, all paid out of the King’s Revenue,
Nations, under the Government of an and thefe may be chang’d at theGover-
Alcade. The Houfes are generally of nor’s Pleafure. They are oblig’d to bu-
Wood, near the River and Handing on ry the Souldiers, and have a fetled Al-
Pillars, wich Boats going up to them, af- lowance for MalTes for their Souls. Up-
ter the manner of Siam. The Tops of on great Days the Governor is on the
them are cover’d with Nipa , or Palm- right or Gofpel fide of the Altar, with
Tree Leaves the Sides are of Cane, a Chair on a Floor lifted up a Step, and
and they go up Ladders to fome of them, the Oydores or Judges of the King’s Court
becaufe the Ground is moift and fome- on the left, next to whom are the Al-
times full of Water. In the time of cades of the City.
the petty King Matanda, Tondo was Friday nth, I went to the Church of orphans
Fordfy’d with Ramparts and Cannon, the Mifericordia, dedicated to S. EUz.a- Hofpital.
but could make little Refiftance againft beth, in which Monaftery the Orphan
Daugh-

- (n >
xjS* ■ ' *
111
422 A Voyage round the W O R L D.
fW > Daughters of S p a n ia rd s alid AUftiz.os are
G em elti. receiv’d, and if they Marry have a Por-
.1 6 9 7 - tion of 300 and fotnecimes 400 Pieces o f
'-''S r D Eight given them. If they will be Nuns
they have allban Allowance for it, they
are 40, or 50 at moil. The Church
has a fine high A ltar, and two fide ones,
jiu tu flt-jb S a tu rd a y /2th, I was in the Monaite-
u n s iJ ry of the Fachcrs o f the Order o f S.
which is very large and has fpa-
cions1Dormitories vaulted. The Church
is alfo vaulted, but low- There are in
it 15 Altars well gilt, and fome of them
with Ameyendiums of beaten Silver.
The Sacrifly is rich and handfome. On
the o u tfit the Church has a good Front,
but moft o f the Strudure is W ood, be-
caufe/of the continual Earthquakes, fo
tharit was eahly Burnt in 1582. There
in the Monaftery about 30 Relgious
Men.
T h e C a- Sunday 13th, I faw the Cattle o f S.
ftle< !J a m e s , leated as was faid before, at the
W cft end o f the City, fhut in on one
fide by the Sea, and on the other by the
River. The Ditch that parts it from the
City is very deep and fill’d with the
Flood, there is a Drawbridge over it.
A t the two Ends of the Ditch there are
two good Bulwarks, one clofe to the
R iver, the other not far from the Sea,
both, furmfh’d with good Cannon. T he
other Point o f the Triangle Weftward
near the Sea , is defended by a great
T ow er, which Guards the Mouth o f the
R iver, and the Port (which is only fit
for fmall Vellels) with two fmall Batte-
ries level with the Water. After palling
two Gates is the Corps de G arde, and
then a large Place of Arms -, oppofite
to which is the iecond Corps de Garde,
the Governor o f theGalUe’s Houfe, and
another Place o f Arms.
JeTmts T h e College of the Fathers o f the
s Society is very large, and adorn’d with
high and long Vaults and fpacious D or-
m itories, but all above the Ground-
Floor is Wood for fear o f the Earth-
auakes. For the fame reafon it is all
lupported by high Pillars , that the
Weight may not lye upon the W all
which would not be able to withftand
fuch Ihaking, which fame tiling is us’d
in all the Houles in the Iflands. In the
middle is a ftateiy Cloifter, and the
Church, which is one o f the beft in the
C ity. The high Altar is made like a
Semicircle, .all well adorn’d with Pillars,
and delicate Carving richly gilt, which
flnnes the more by reafon o f the near-
nefs ot the Cupula. Six other Altars
well gilt anfwer the high Altar. T h e
* .
1 ■
h lk
§L
Book I,
Front over the great Gate is o f Carv'd
Stone very tightly. This College is o f
the Invocation o f S. Ignatius, and was
founded upon the Arrival o f the firft
Bilhop o f Manila in 15 8 1, by F. Antony
Sedeno-y-Alonfo. joining to the fame is
the College o f S. Jofeph, where at this
time there are 40 Collegians fludying
Humanity, Philofophy and Divinity 3
for all Degrees are given in it. It has
particular Revenues befides the King’s
Allowance; and fome Collegians pay
15 0 Pieces o f Eight a Year. They are
Clad in Purple with red Cloth Gowns.
T h e Graduats by way o f diftia&ion
from the Humanifts, wear a thing like
a Collar of the fame Cloth,
Monday 14th, I went to fee the Ca- cathed-ai
thedral, which is large but not well : '
adorn’d within, the Walls being black,
and the Altars in no good order. It has
in all 12 Chappels and Altars befides
the high Altar. The R o of is fuppor-
ted by 12 Pillars, 6 on a fide. The
Quire is near the great Gate and there
fits the Archbilhop, whofe Revenue is
6000 Pieces a Year, with 12 Camions
who have 4 or 500 each out o f the King’s
Revenue, becaufe there hre no T itl es,
F. Francss-Domlnkk-de-Salaz.Hr came in
1 5 8 1 , to be the firft Bilhop o f Manila,
and the firft Archbilhop in 1598. was
F. I g n a tiu s - d e -S a m i-B a tw e x . o f the Order
o f S. Francis.
T u e fd a y 15th, ! faw the Church o f Barefoot
the Barefoot Fathers o f the Order of Auguftini-
S. jiugufttn, which tho’ imall is Well fet Mu
out, there being 7 Altars well gilt, and
the R o of handfome enough. Wednefday
i<5 th, I was in the Church o f S . Domi- f Z T m ‘
nick, which if it were not dark, would ' ’
be one o f the beft in the City. There
are in it 8 Altars well Painted, but not
well G ilt, no more than is the R o o f
T h e Dormitories and Galleries are large
enough. Thefe Religious Men came to
fettle at M anila in 1387. Adjoining
to the Church is the College o f S . T h o -
mas, whofe Revenue maintains 50 Col-
legians, to ftudy the Sciences. Their
Habit is Green, with carnation Satten
Gowns. There is another College call’d
o f S. John Later an, belonging to the
fame Dominican Fathers, where about 70
Boys are taught to Read and W rite, to
be remov’d from thence to that of Si
Thomas, there to ftudy Humanity, Phi-
lofopby and Divinity, and to take their
Degrees as they do in that o f S . Jofeph 3
yet with this difference that none but
the Sons o f Spaniards are admitted into
the College o f S . Thomas; but in the o-
ther
® <SL
Chap, III. Of the PfciUjppinc Iijindi
cher they admit thofe of MejHz.os, who~“ fo^ the -Lamps, and Spantfb WineToV
0™ a« . Cad m Blew, and oblig’d upon the Mafles to all the Churches here med-
.!l92 l , Feftlvals t0£erve i£» Koyal Chappel, tion’d, and allothers in the Inlands. But
as maintain d in a College of a Koyal where there are Commendaries or Baro-
Foundation. i hey are receiv d Gratis nies, the Polieflor pays the Curate, and
in both of them. His Catholick Ma- every 500 Houles are made to allow z i
lefty out of his goodnefs allows Oyl ' Pounds of Oil.

CHAP. III.
What more the Author faro in Manila, after his return from <£avite.
A Galeon being ffiortly to fail for-- Conqueft whereof had been lay’d afide.
x \ New Spain, whither I was deli- Saturday i pth, I return’d to Manila, and
rous co go, 1 ddir’d the Governour to becaufe the Religious mutter’d at my
grant me my PalLgeaboard it; which he ‘ Stay in the Monaftery, I thought of
very honourably did, notwithftanding leaving that Lodging, that the F. Re-
the great Difficulties that commonly oc- dor, who had Entertain’d me foCour- J
cur in fuch Cafes; becaufe there are a teoufly, might not hear thofe indifereet “
great many Spamft Merchants that de- Complaints. They faid thy Apartment
lire to tome from thence every Year to was for thofe who were to perform the
the Philippine Iliandson account of Trade, Spiritual Exercife ; and they knowing
and there is but one Ship which cannot my fpeedy Departure would not allow
carry fo many, and therefore they get me Leafure to enter upon it, as having
mighty Recommendations to fecure their Bufinefs to do in the City, told m el
Paflage a Year before. However the might ftay, if I would go upon that A d
Governor hecaufe I was a Stranger, and of Piety.' Being fenfible of what they
he had all this while taken much plea- aim’d at, I told them I had not fo much
fure in difeourfing with me, prefer’d me Leafure to perform that Devotion, which
before another; ordering me to go to requir'd Time and Sedatenefs, and fo
Cavite, where the Galeon lay, and he left the Apartment.
would order I fbould have Convenien- Sunday 20th, I remov’d to the Apart- Roy*!
cies allow’d me aboard it. Accordingly meat o f F. Antony of St. Paul, Chaplain H efp ftai.
I went on Thurfday r?th, and having a to the Royal Hofpital. This Hofpital
little Cabbin affign’d me, which was to was founded for the Spanijh Soldiers,
be my Pi ifon for a Voyage of 7 Months, The King allows it 250 Pieces of Eight
I found much difficulty about my D iet ; per. Month, whereof 40 to the Chaplain
for the Captain, Pilot, Mailer and Mate, aforelaid, 25 to the Apothecary, 25 to
being delu’d by the Caftellan of C avite the Steward, 25 to the Phyfician, and
to admit me to their Table, excusd other Officers, and the reft is fpent upon
themfelves, faying, They had already the Sick: Befides, the King allows Fowl,
undertaken to furnilh fo many PaJTen- Rice, Grain, Wood, Salt, Sweetmeats
gers, as could be maintain’d by the aud Cloth. As for the Fabrick it is ve-
Provifions they were allow’d to put a- ry large, with Galleries that will hold
board. 1 was therefore oblig’d to agree 300 lick Men, and Rooms for all Ser-
with the Boatfwain, who with difficulty vants. This Hofpital was burnt in 1603,
coufented to do it for an hundred Pieces when a great part of the City was con-
of Eight, to oblige the Governor of the fum’d, as alfo the Monaftery of St. Do-
Cattle; whereas it is ufual to pay 5 or minick, and the King’s Magazines. Mon-
600 Pieces of Eight tor a Cabbin and day 1 1 f t . I went to return the Gover-
Diet, becaufe the Cabbin colls more nor thanks for the Favours he had done
than the Provilions. me, he being then at a little Country
Friday \ 8th, I lodg’d at Cavite in the Houfe in a finall Wand made by the
Houfe of Joftph of Ahlan , who had been River, half a League from the City. He
30 Years Marry’d at Cavite. He was was retir’d thither to be more at leafure
Mailer or chief Pilot to a fmall Veflel to difpatch the Galeon, the Court being
of the Kings, which was by his Maje- fhut upon the fame occafion. This holds
fly’s Order tofailfpeedily for the M a ri- for a Month, that all the Miniftersmay
an lllands, with Supplies, and to difeo- have time to write to Court, and draw
ver the Southern lllands particularly C a - up all Procefles and Informations that
roltna, difeover’d lonie Years ilnce, the are to be fent thithCr. The Houfe is
hand-
ft)! ' • • '*SL KJA-U.

424. A Voyage round the W O R L D. Book i.

^ h a n d f o m c T b o ’ t h e t ip n e r A p a r t m e n t b e a rm ’d. They fa ll o n m o re lik e L io n s
Gemelli. Qf W ood. T h e G a r d e n is p l e a f a n t a n d th a n C o cks, a tta c k in g , and u fin g o n e
15 9 7 . h a s t h e p r o f p e d o f th e R i v e r , o n w h ic h a g a in ft a n o t h e r , t ill th e y te a r t h e ir v e r y
U -Y -O B o a ts a ? e ° c o n t in u a lly g o in g up and B o w e l s o u t , a n d o n e is l e f t D e a d ,. o r f o
down, c a r r y in g P r o v ifio n s to the City wounded that the other remains Matter \
t a Ct o U M 3« f o " l T ^ f t e V ° r J / | t h = P o r ttr o f th e R o y a l
Do^ri„a o r P a r ilh o f th e F a th e r s o f th e C o u r t Ih e w ’d it m e W e w ent m a t J udli* tu*
O rd e rs o f St A w uflin o t h e r w i f e c a ll’d a n o t h e r D o o r t h a n t h a t w h i c h le a d s t o
N tT ra -S en o rM s-rern ed io s. A ll th e th e G o v e r n o r ’s A p a r t m e n t , a n d g o in g
F r o n t a n d I n f id e o f t h e C h u r c h w a s a - u p a la r g e S t a ir - c a fe , ca m e in to a fin e
d o m ’d b y a Pfrtumefc F a t h e r ,w it h O i l i e r G a lle r y , a n d th e * 1 i n t o t h e H a l l h a n d -
and o th e r S h e lls a r t ific ia lly p la c e d , fo m ly h u n g w ith D a m a sk . A t th e en d
a s is t h e c S i f t e r a n d G a lle r ie s a b o v e * w a s a g re a t C a n o p y , and u n d e r Ka ta g
f o t h a t a n y S t r a n g e r t h a t t a k e s t h e p a in s B e n c h o f f e r 'd w ith S ilk , o n w h ic h th e
t o g o t h i t h e r , d o e s n o t t h i n k h is L a - G o v e r n o r fit s in t h e m id d le o f t h e 0> -
\ h o u r lo ft . B e f o r e th e G a t e is a fiju a r e dores, o r J u d g e s , w h o t a k e P l a c e a c -
B a n k o f F lo w e r s p a r t e d in t h e f o r m o f c o r d in g t o S e n io r it y , w ith a g r e a t T a b l e
a C io fs , w it h little T r e e s th a t a re a b e f o r e th e m c o v e r d w ith C n m fo n V e l -
g r e a t b a u ty to it . Wednefday 2 3 d .} v e t, a ll e ig h t S te p s ab o ve th e F lo o r .
mneifem fa w th e Francium . T h e ir C h u rc h is T h e A d v o ca te s or L aw yers g e n e r a lly
^ fm a ll, b u t h as fix A lt a r s w e ll g i l t , a n d fit o n t w o lo w B e n c h e s, o u t fr o m u n d e r
a d o r n ’ d fu ita b le to th e P o v e r t y t h e y th e C a n o p y , a n d o n a n o th e r lit t le B en ch
n r o fe fs . T h e fe F a th e rs cam e to Manila th e R e la to r , o r C le r k , b e lo w o n th e
o n t h e fe c o n d o f Aim ift 1 5 7 7 , and w e re F l o o r o f th e H a ll o p p o fite t o th e J u d g e s ,
. H if t r ih n r e d to t a k e c a r e o f P a r if lie s . Thurf- w h o a s t h e y f i t t o g e t h e r in a B o d y h a v e
A n H ofjpi- t h e T i t l e o f H ig h n e fs g iv e n th e m Ad-
a Monaftery or rather Hofpital, found- joining to this Hall is another Room,
ed bv the King for 16 poor Orphans, where they ufetomeet to Confnlt about
to whom he alhfws a competent Maintc- important Affairs. There is a fo a Chap-
nance, and a Portion when they Marry, pel to fay Mafs in, all well hung with
Marry’d Women are alfo admitted, and Damask, and other Silks and all the
lend Women put in by the Magiftrates, Structure beautify d with Galleries placed
but they have no Communication with the for the Judges to Dwert them. _ _
16 Orphans. The Whores are main- The Governors Palace adjoining to cover-
wlaM Pby the King, end they ere to it, tho’ a Timber Buildmg for th. moft »oA »
Work for him. T h e Church has three part, is large, and handfome. It is
decent Altars. Friday 25th, I went Squane, and the Windows and Galleries I
out at the Fuerta Real, or Royal Gate uniform on every fide, as well without,
St. Li{i- t0 the Hofpital of St. Lazarus, a Mile as in the Court, and wants nothing ei-
rus. from the City. The Men were in the ther for Ornament, or Convemency. Be-
under Gallery, and the Women in the fore it is a fpacious Parade, on which
upper, all we 1 ferv’d at the King’s Ex- by reafon of its Largenefs, and being
S n c e ’ Walking out on Sunday 27th, but little frequented, there grows as
I went fo far before I bethought me, much Grafs and Hay, as would keep fe-
Powder- that 1 was near the Powder-Houle three veral Horles.
Hoiife. Miles from the City. Going in I found Wednefday 30th, 1 went to Ddao> a Pa- %ctlets.
i t w a s a fmall Fort, with little Towers r i ( h belonging to the Recolets. The Church
and fmall GunS on them , and within i s fmall, and the Convent no bigger than
the Place feveral R o o m s where they for eight Fryars. _ Thurfday 31ft, 1 favv
make the Powder for the King’s Ser- the Parilh belonging to the Fathers of
Cock- vice. Monday 28th, I faw a Cock fight- the Society without the Walls of fb
Fighting, ing, a S p o r t fo much us’d in the Philip- City. 1 he Church is large, but indm*. ■
pfie IttandPs, that whole Families are ru- rently adorn d. There they Admimfter
111’d bv it! They breed them tame, the Sacraments to the Cknefe Chriftians,
and anart that they may be the more and Preach in their Language.
wta “ they come together. The J M ? the Srtt of J W I went to fee
Owners lay g r i t Sums on their Heads, the Church o f l W , , which
and fatten Gavelocks on their Heels; is well adorn d, and ferv d by three
then they make them Peck one another Pnefts, who afiift the and /»-
on the Head, the more to inrage them, dtans. This isall that M a m U a fiords,
and then fet them down together fo remarkable for Churches, Palaces, ora-

f.

0
HI
Chap. IV. Of the Philippine !(lands.__
R B O f n l other Thing. 1 mill conclude this
GemcUi. Chapter with a ftrange Paflage told trie
1607 bv F. Francis Borvia, of the Society of
t y ^ S j lefus Procurator of the Million in the '
Philippine Iflands, and by fcveral Reli-
gious Men and Citizens of Reputation,
In the Year 1680, D . M aria de Q u ires '
Wife to D . Jofeph Arm ixo , was deliver’d
CHAP-
The Author's fbort journey to the Lake of Bahi*;
H
Aving a particular Curiofity to fee
the Lake of Bahi, I fet out to-
wards it'a Horfeback on Saturday
id betimes. After riding fix Miles, I
nafs’d through Pararnach, a Parilh be-
longing to the Fathers of the Order of
Sc. Aim lH n, where there being a Bridge
of Canes over the River, the Horfes
were fain to be Swum over, which was
repeated a League further in pafling an-
other Canal where there was another
Bridge of Canes. What with thefe De-
lays, and the Guides not knowing the
• Wav well, Night overtook me near a
Farm of St. Peter, belonging to the Fa-
, . thers of the Society, where J was forced
to Lie. The Father who refided there
made as much of me, as the Country and
fmallnefs of the Place would permit.
Sunday 3d, I proceeded on my Jour-
ney, but the Ignorant Indian having car-
ry’d me again, as he did the Day before
into plow’d Lands and Woods, where
he knew not how to get into the Road
again, I was oblig’d to put into Kgnan,
a Farm■belonging to the Dominicans. I
bear’d Mafs, and then to be rid of the
Folly of my Guide took a fmall Boat the
faeft I could get. Leaving the Horfes
with a Dominican Father, I went up the
River to the Lake, where I was well
wet with the Water the Wind, threw
into the Boat. Not being able to crofs
a fmall Bay, to go to Bagnos, or the
Baths as I defin’d, I took a bigger Boat
that liapned accidentally to come in my
Way. About Sun-fet it carry’d me to
Buenos, or the Baths, a Parilh of the Re-
coins, where l w as Courteoufly receiv’d.
. j . eo Monday 4th, the Indian told me the
Lape. Boat was gone, becaufe the Water-men
came thither with an ill Will , and 1
having a mind to go to another little
lake, took another Boat to carry me to
it This Lake is fmall in Compafs, but
vi rv deep, and in the middle of it they
find no Bottom. The Water is Blackilh.
tho’ it Hands on a Mountain not far from
Vol. IV.
. T J ,f
§L
... -,r.... . T.-,... —__■ •n::i'J
_ 4 2 5.
at M»,.U, after going w o Years with
Child, and the Birch was declare! Legi-
timate. I he matter ot Faft is pub.ie.kj
and well known, and liapned very lately,
but ic being a very difficult Matter, and
almoft impoffible to go two Years With
Child, the Reader may believe as he
pleafes.
IV.
the great one, which may 'proceed from
the Minerals under it. .In ic there is 4
the fort of unfavory bony Fifties. About it
in the Day time there is an infinite mim-
ber of large Bats, hanging on the Trees, S tra n g e
one by another in Ropes. But towards
Night they fly away in Swarms to the
Woods a great diftance off to get their
Food, and fometimes they fly io tlucK
together, that they darken the Air with
their fldhy Wings, fome of them fi*
S p a n s long, which I was an Eye witnefs
to whilft l ftald at the aforefaid Bagnos,
or the Baths. They know how to chufe
in the thick Woods filch Trees, whofe
Fruit ripens at certain Scafons^ which
they devour all the Night, making fuch
a Noife that it is heard two Miles off.
About break of Day they return to their
Quarters. The Indians feeing the belt
Fruit God has provided for their Sufte-
nance, efpecially the Goyavas, and Pears,
deftroy’d by thefe feurvy Birds, kill all
they can of them ; and revenging them-
felves thus at once lave their Fruit, and
provide themfelves Meat, eatmg die
Bats. They fay their Flelh taftes like
Rabbit, and indeed when they have flead
them, and cut off their Heads, they are
not at all unlike them. 1 hey take as
many as they pleafe without any great
Trouble, for they bring down a great
many with an Arrow, fuefday 5th, 1
went to fee the Watet of the Baths,
whereof there is at the Monaftery a great
Rivulet, which runs into two neigh bour-
ing Baths. It is fo violent Hot that there ItoWa*
is no enduring_a Hand in it ; but it a
Hen is put in it Scalds off the Peatheis,
and the very Flefh from the Bones. And
not only a Hen, but it aCtocodil (hoi)
happen to go into it the Water would
kill it, and feald the Scales ofF._ 1 lie
Smoke which riles from the bpnng, is
no Ids than that o: a flaming Furnace,
It flows from the neighbouring Moun~
tain, and running under tnc Monaftery,
calls fuch a Heat up to the Sweating-
H bn Room,
tt *7
, ,. L -VM ,asiit-A-IJinamiLa'.'Xj:'.
 ■ e° i x
s'--- ‘
( (
‘vs^fr4 .■stffs'
N
426 ^ Voyage round the W O Iv L D.
Room, that it cannot be endur’d a quar-
Cemelh. ter of an Hour j for my part I was no
i 691- fooner in, but I leap’d out again. A
Pormguefe had the care of Building thefe
Baths with the Alms of charitable Per-
fons; afterwards by the King’s Order
an Holpital was Built there, but the care
of the Sick in procefs of Time has been
laid alide; arid the Fathers refiding there
take care of Souls, and not of Bodies.
It is to be obferv’d, That the Water
tho’ Mineral, is as clear and well tailed
as any other Water, and being cool’d
is Excellent fb Drink. 1 drank it all the
while I was there Entertain’d by the Fa-
A in- ufe1noIother. , ir
. W etbtefiiay6th, I went half a League
Mncrals. fr?™ the Moa?ftery fee 3 Kwle River,
which runs from the Mountain, and
whole Water is exceffivecold, and very
wholcfome. Yet its Channel is upon Mi-
ncials, for digging a little in the Sand
. ..T . thef r/ es 3 vefy hot Water.
Baht L a k e . As for the great Lake of Babi, it is
very long but narrow. Round about it,
being 90 Miles in Compafs, there are
leveral Monafteries of Francifcans, A n-
gujtinians, and Jefuits, becaufe the Place
is well Peopled, and Till’d by the Jndi-
am. It abounds in Filh at all times,
There are alio in it Crocodils, and
C H A P . V.
Of the Government of Manila, and the adjacent IJlands.
Arch-bi- r | 1 H O’ the Philippine Iflands are very
fhop, and X remote from Europe, and from his
Biihops. Cachohck Majefty’s Court, to whom they
are Subjeft, yet they are excellently Go-
vern'd. For Spirituals, there is an Arch-
bilhop at Manila chofen by the King,
who decides all Matters not only within
his own Diocefs, but all Appeals from
his Suffragan Biihops. If the Metropo-
litans Sentence does not agree with the
firlt, there lies an Appeal to the neigh-
bouring Bilhop of Camerines the Pope’s
Delegate. The King, as has been faid,
allows the Arch-bilhop tfooo pieces of
Eight a Yeai , and the Biihops of Sibuf
Camerines, and Cagayan 5000. Befides
thefe there relides at Manila a Titular
Bilhop, or Coadjutor, by the Spaniards
call’d obifpo de anillo, or Ring Bilhop,
who fucceeds 111 the firlt vacant Church,
niat there may be no Intermiflion in the
Cure of Souls during fix Years before a
new Prelate can come. As for the In-
quihtion, there is a Commiflary appoint-
eu by that Court at Mexico. , Spain. The Governor fits in it as Pre­
\
( (fiT
Book 1.
Sword Fifties, but not like ours. Thefe
two Fight together furioufly, becaufe
the Crocodil thinking himfelf abfolute
Lord of the Lakes, cannot endure any
other Filh of Prey lhould be in them,
For the molt part the Sword Filh gets
the better, for he perceiving his Enemy
arm’d with Scales which bear off the
Stroke of his lharp Sword, dives under
Water, and ftrikes the Crocodil in the
Belly, where he has no Scales, and fo
kills him. I was fhow’d a Sword fix
Spans long with Teeth on the fides, as
lharp as Nails, or rather like a Saw, that
pierces and cuts at once. The many
Crocodils of this Lake do milch Mifchief,
for there is never a Year but they de-
vour many People, and kill Horfes, and
Cattle that Graze about, or Drink at the
Lake. The Indians revenge themlelves
laying Snares for them with pieces of
Meat, or Dogs, for the Crocodils are
fuch lovers of Dog’s Flelh, that they
will leave a Man for it. Thurfday 7th.
Lreturn’d by Water to F ig n a n , where I
found my Horfes had broke their Halters, •
and were run away, which made me
Hay till others were taken in the Farm,
which carry’d me to M anila of Saturday
the 9th. 1
For the Temporal Government there Governor
is a Governor with the Title of Cap- andCourt’
tain General, and Prefident of the Royal
Court, whofe Authority Jails eight Years:
and four Oydores, or Judges, and a Sol-
licitor, but thefe are for Life. When
this Court was ere&ed in 1584, it con-
filled of two Oydores, or Judges, and a
Sollicitor; and the Prefident was Dodor
Santiago de Fera. Sometime after a third /
Judge was added. Experience afterwards
Ihowing, that there was no need of fuch
a Court, it was fupprefs’d by Order of
the King and Council, and inllead of it
a Body of 4000 Men rais’d, which was
perform’d in 1590. But in 1598. it was
again eredled, and D. Francis Tillo was
appointed Prefident over three Oydores
or Judges, and a Sollicitor. This Court
does not only receive Appeals from the
common Magillrates of the City, which
are two Alcades, but from all the Iflands:
and it tries Violences committed by
Church-Men like the Court o f Fucrca in
fident,
111)
■ e°‘5 x
Chap. V. Of Phiilippine IHands.
r 0 « » 0 fident, but has no Vote, btit when they
Gemelli. are e q u a l l y divided he appoints a Doctor
16 9 7 . t o g i v e a calling Voice. D . Gabriel de
U V > J Sturis ailed twice in this Capacity wiii111
I was at Manila. Tho’ a fmall Matter .
would fuffice to maintain an Oydore, or
judge, becaufe Provilions are cheap, as
are Stuffs for Apparel, and all other Ne-
ceffaries for Decency •, a Saddle Horfe
being fold for ten pieces of Eight, and
enough to keep him a Month for two •,
yet they have a plentiful Allowance,
each of them being paid every four
Months 1100 pieces of Eight. The Sol-
licitor has over and above 600 pieces of
' Eight a Year from the Sangley, or Chi-
nefe Merchants, as their Protedlor, and
loo more as Sollicitor for the Cruzade.
The Governor’s Salary is 13300 pieces
of Eight 3 4000 as General, 4000 as
Prefident of the Royal Court, and 5300
as civil Magiftrate. If the Governor
dies, the eldeft Oydore, or Judge re-
ceives this Salary, and manages the Mar-
tial and Civil Government; for which
he is afterwards accountable to the new
Governor.
Greatnefs Were not the Philippine lflands fo
of this Go- remote, that Government would be co-
vemment. Tete(j j-,y the chief Grandees, becaufe
his Government is unlimited, the Ju-
rifdi&ion large, the Prerogatives not
to be parallelled , the Conveniences
great, the Profit unknown, and the Ho-
nour greater than that of Vice-roy in the
Indies. But, as I faid , the diftance
makes the greatnefs of this Poll not to
be known in Spain. T o /how fomething
of it, the Governor belides the Civil
Government, and Adminiftration of
Juftice, which he exercifes with the
Royal Court, has the Gift of all military
Employments, makes 22 Alcades to
Govern as many Provinces, andappoints
the Governor of the Marian lflands,
when one dies, till the King’Names an-
other. Formerly he made the Gover-
nors of the lflands Formofa and Tern ate
(one of the 5 Moluccas) when they were
fubjedt to the Crown of Spain. He al-
fo beftowsall the Encomiendas, or Lord-
fhips over Indians, given as a Reward to
Souldiers that have ferv’d in India.
Thefe are given for two Lives, the
Wife and Children fucceeding in them,
after which the Land returns to the
King. Thefe Encomenderos or Lords,
receive the Duties that fhould be paid
to the King, that is, to Royals from
Marry’d Men, and 5 from others; but
thefe Lords are oblig’d out of it to al-
low towards the Maintenance of the
Vol. IV.
I';',*:7 1
<SL
421
Forces* 2 Royals and 4 Cavatss of Rice
for each Head, and 2 Royals more to
the Parifh Prieft. The King one of his
own Demefiies, befidcs the 10 Royals*
has z Cavans of Rice! A Cavan weighs
50 Pounds Spanijh. It is very remark-
able that the Governor fills up all the *
vacant Canomics in the Cathedral, and
then acquaints the King to have them
confirm’d, as he doc. by the Ehcemun*
^aabove-mention’d. When any Pariffi
of fecular Prieft* is vuca|t, the A Hera-
bly is held before tho Aruhbifhop, who
names three of the ableit fo r the Cover-
nor to choofe one. The lame is pra-
effis’d in the Vacancies of Canonries and
royal Chaplains. The Parifhes belciig­
ing to Religious Men, are fupply’d by
the Provincial of the Order, in a Pro­
vincial Chapter. Thefe need noconfir-
macion, and they may hear the Coafef-
lions of the Indians, but not of the Spa*
m'ards in their P.irifh, without the Or-
dinaries Approbation. If the fecular
Curates commit fuch a Fault, as deferves
they fhould be expeU’d their Benefice,
it is done with the Advice of the Dioce-
fan and Governor. The Governor of
M anila has alfo the Nomination of the
Commander of the Galeon, that fails
every Year to New Spain, a Poll worth
above 50000 Crowns a Year. Pie ap-
points two Majors for Manila and Cavite,
and feveral Captains and Officers, that
are not Commiffion’d at M adrid. He
gives the Indians Commiffions as Collo-
nels, Majors and Captains, without
much difficulty \ they paying the King
half a Years value of the Place. Toho-
nour the Governor a Company mounts
the Guard every Day before his Pa-
lace, and to curb the mutinous Chinefes.
There are in the City of Manila about
8ooSouldiers in all, but their Pay ison-
ly two Pieces of Eight, and 50 Pound
of Rice a Month.
This Grandeur and Power is fomo- severs
what eclips’d by a dreadful Trial, the T r ia l.
wicked People of Manila make their
Governors go through. They do not
then examine the heinoufnels of OlFeii-
ces, but the Sums receiv’d in eight
Years, nunilhing the Purfe inftead of
the Perfon. The Accufers have 60
Days allow’d them, after Proclamation
made through the Provinces to bring in
their Complaints, and 30 Days to Pro-
fecute before the Judge, who isgeneral-
ly theSucceflor in the Government, by
fpecial Commiffion from the King, and
his fupream Councilof the Indies; which
referves to it felf the judging of fome
H hh 2 Matters
%
t(ij ' ,%L
~ ~ ^ Voyage round the W O lv L 13. Book 1.
:----_ _ ---------- -V „ rJ^Znrr~ Therefore th<T from the ancient Kiags of Navarre, and
Matcersof Confequence. { formations one of the belt Captain Generals the
Gemelh. Judge having recc^ d *
1697- w i t h o u t deciding a n y t J ■ S » f
t h e Proceedings t o ^
j
retunis all Iflands had fince they were Conquer’d.
. A 1 1 tlie o t he r G o v e r n o r s b e fo r e h im h a d
a le d u p 0 fl th e R e v e n u e fe v e r a l
Sentence j udges w k) th o u r‘ nds to m a in ta in th e S o u ld ie r s *
to him. 1. 1 e or-s death, or but he during his Government, not on-
Govern after the Governor s neat , or U ,d DebtSj but fo improv’d

A = ?tt£
p S
i h a f ! u ! f fe m e tim e s t h e y p ro c e e d to on h ad a d v a n c e d th e R evenue x io o o o

I m V jlo n m e n t , w it h o u t r e | e | to th e P i a c e s 'b e f t o w J ,

Uu (fa uo-hirh was kent Prifoner % commend his ConduS, for he has be-
th e > ft of of S t a n d hav'd himfelf uprightly in all his Adh-
Years m the ^ t h l ? ^ but bv fnecial ons, and has bellow’d the Encomiendas
the other notnuKi •> ? P Lordjhivs before-mention’d on well
' deferring Souldierst the Offices of A -
? d,? i fhpir Trval ’Tis true cades on Natives of the Place well qua-
f o » » ' “S ^ S u f i n p 'o n K o f t d e f e i

™
formations being taken, rte
t ie ,Vbb e«ftS fa>. or Af e a i„ „ , for what I fay is fo true,

' °r = ’ “ “ time o fh e had rc-

hl vL never ceas'd all the Voyage to ceiv’d 70000 Pieces of Eight, and given
ask whether
ask whether the
tne Veflfel
veu could return to the Commiffion
take Po{reffion 0ftothe
. hisPlace.
Succeflor to ac-
1 was go
Mamla, and * g “ er laid inV np tuaUy at Mexico when the King’s Orders
Pilot thathe nmfl: either land iu M » c“ mey f“ r reftoring the 70000 Pieces of
Spamot_dye, P ' £ the Eight to the intended Succeflor out of
/or Manila. Go7ernor the King’s Treafury. This Geptleman s
Iflands were Conq , Behaviour fet him above the fear
^ T f e r ' ‘ Ja o f t h e * % £ ta S k i f a Trial. He was unfortunate in let-
S i r Hearts at their Tryal, or dye with ting out Galeons, for in his tune two
Hardlhio by the way. It is certain this of the greatefl: that were built in tie
B B S* f f i W 5 f», 5 ?«'.*a,ir.,£.?
3 = 3 st?£ K & g iu r iis s E S a
Whin I w i t thither the Goeernor redaeed to great Poverty, but
F iy S U Knight it recovers by the A m val of other
of Santiago, or St. Jam es, defeended Ships.

CHAP. VI.
O f the Philippine lllam ts, their D ife o w rj, and o f the fe v era l N d iv u that
1 1 have Peopled them.

Here being a great number of of them ; and the more becaufe they are
T Iflands under the Governor of Ma- little known in Europe, and not taken

f i e ? ' i"“ ^ °a T b e l : . h “ aPo f Nature, and of the « £ »

jhort Account of the molt remarkable wonderful Creation of this ral.
 ■ Go^X
111
Chap. VI. Of tie PhiUippitie iflandi;.
c C O o placed an Archipelago ftrew’d with I-
Gemelli. Hands, now call’d Philippines, in the great
J697. Indian Ocean beyond Ganges, and al-
<^\r\i moft oppolir.ii to the long extended
Coaits of Mainea, Sian, Camboia, Chi-
ampa, Chochmchina, Tmkin and China,
The famous Ferdinand Mageliancs call’d
it Archipelago de S. Lazaro, bccaufe he
came to an Anchor there in the Year
15 2 1, upon Saturday before Paifion Sun-
day, vulgarly in Spain call’d of Sc.Laza-
rus. The Name of Philippines was giv-
en them in 1 543, by the General Luis-
Lopez-de-Vi\lalobos, iin honour to Prince
Philip, then Heir to the Crown of S p a i n
or as others will have it in 1564, when
he was adually Reigning, when the A le -
lantado - M ichael-Lopez- de-Legafpi came
to Conquer the Iflands. what their
antient Name was is uncertain, yet ibme
Authors affirm they were call’d, Iflands
of Luzon es, all of them taking the Name,
as the Canaries have done, of the big-
geil, which is Manila., or Luzon \ which
in the Tagala Language fignifies a Mor-
tar, as if they had exprefs’d the Coun-
try of Mortars. Luzsmes are certain
wooden Mortars a_ Span deep, and the
fame Diameter, in which the Indians
pound their Rice, which they afterwards
m i through Sieves they cal! M o as. There
is no Indian but has one before his Door,
The Inhabitants of the Ifland de los Pin-
tados cut out three upon one lame piece
of Timber along one by another, that
lb many People may Work at once, for
the Inhabitants of all the Iflands feeding
on Rice, they firft bruife it in a Mortar,
br r before they Boil it. Others, as for In-
llm ce the Portuguejes, ca\] them Manilas,
p.422.cep", a Name known ever fince Ptolomy, as
11* fome will have it.
The Ships that come from America to
the Archipelago of St. Lazarus, or Phi-
lippines, when they difeover Land mull
o f neceflky lee one of the four Iflands
of Mindaraa, Leyte, lb abac and Manila,
from the Cape of St. Augufiin, becaufe
they front the vaft Ocean, which they
call of Spain, for above 5 oo Miles, ly-
ing in a Semicircle. M anila is feated
vive great North-Eaft , Ibabao and Leyte, South-
Iflands. a n d Mindanao South. T o the
Weft of them is Paragua, the biggeft
next to Manila and Mindanao, with the
which it makes a Triangle, but the Point
of it next to Borneo belongs to that
King and the other to Spain. In the
rnidft of this fort of Triangle, beftdes
Fiveleffer. the five Iflands already nam’d, there are
five others, Large and Populous, viz.
Mindero, Panay, Ilia de Negros, Or the
’
<5L
p if
Ifland of Blades, Sebu and Bohol. So
that die moil remarkable (Hands of this
Archipelago are but ten, the Number
mention’d by Ptolorny iri the Place above-
mention’d. Among thefe ten here nam’d TehUffr,
there is thefame Number of Fmali ones,
all Peopled, which biginning to reckon
them as they fall in the way the Ships
take that are Bound for New Spam, are
Laban, where the Gdeon St. Jofeph was
call away, Marinduque, IJU de Tablai,
Komblon, Sibugan, Mash ate., fTicao, Cap’tl,
and Catanduanes, without tie Streight.
It is no eafy Matter to give a dillinft Other
Relation of all other fmall ones, partly fmall
Inhabited, and partly Defert, but all
known by the Indians that go to gather
their Product; I can only fay in general
that oppofite to the Ifland of Manila on
the North fide, betw een two Capes call’d
Boxeader and del Engarn, at 24 Miles
diftance, are the Iflands de los Babuyanes,
the firft inhabited by Chriftian Indians,
who pay a Tribute ■, the other by Sava-
ges near the Lequios, and Ifland of For-
mofa on the Weft, Near Paragua, op-
pofite to Manila , there are three Iflands
call’d Calamities, and then eight or nine
more, all inhabited. Then turning to
the Southward, ninety Miles from Cala­
mianes, oppofite to Caldera, and Point
of Mindanao, are T aguima, Xolo, with
other fmall ones about them.
The Iflands of Cuyo lie between Gala-
mianes and panay, in the Province of
O wn and Maras. The Ifland of Fuegos,
or Fires, is near that of Negros, or
Blacks. There is alfo Bantayan not far
from Zebu ■, Pangla, near Bohol; Pana-
mao, M aripipi, Camiguin, Siargao, and
Pannon, which lie between Mindanao and
Leyte, and many others whofe fix’d Num-
ber it is hard to know. This lhews
their Miftake, who fay the Philippine
Iflands are forty, for if they mean the
great ones, they are not fo many j and
of all forts there are many more,
All thele Iflands are in the Torrid
Zone, between the Equino&id and Tre-
pick of Cancer, for the extreme Points
of Latitude in this Archipelago are Sur­
rangan, or Cape St. Auguftin, the Point
of Mindanao in five Degrees and a halfm ,
Babuyanes, and Cape de Engano, the ut-
moft Points of Manila in twenty De-
grees •, Embocadero de St. Bernardo in
thirteen Degrees; and the middle of
the Ifland and City of Manila in four-
teen Degrees and 3 few Minutes. Their
Longitude according to the bell Maps,
and Carts is 155 Degrees-, tho’ accord-
ing to Magellan1, Account it be 16 1, and
this M
- tS *
& v........ j

450 A Voyage round the W O R L D .
r s JV / J this becaufe all Men do not reckon from
Gemelli. the fame Point. Now whereas Ptolomey
1697. places his Iflands Maniola in 142 De-
grees, it plainly appears, that confider-
ing the different Accounts, and Rules
of taking Longitudes, the Maniola are
not the fame, as the Manilos, either as
to fituation or Number, and that they
are much out of the way, who will have
Manila to be built 160 Years, after the
Birth of Cbrift, when Ptolomey flou-
rifh’d ; without being able to deduce a-
ny Conje&ife, from the Antiquity of
its Struftrres, becaufe thofe Nations
ufe no other Materials, but Wood and
Cane , and their Buildings are very
Weak.
Come- There are fundry Opinions concern-
aur« a- ing the Original of thefe Iflands. Some
boat the fay they were Created with the World,
Iliands. wj,en the Author of Nature difcover’d
the Land, and divided it from the Wa-
ters. Others that they remain’d after
the Flood. Others affirm they were
made by particular inundations of Pro-
vlnces, Tempefts, Earthquakes, natu-
ral Fires, and other accidents, which
ufe to caufe Alterations both at Sea and
Land •, as fome fay, happened to Sicily,
which they conceit was formerly conti-
guous to the Continent of Italy ■, the
Ifland of Cyprus to Syria, and others.
Laftly, others by the heaping of Mat-
ter, and the natural Alterations of thefe
two Elements; particularly occalion’d
by Rivers, which carry the Earth from
one place, and fettle it in anocher, or
elfe by the ufual wafhing of Rivers,
which the Sea with the motion of its
Waves, by degrees, heaps in one place
or other, fo that in Procefsof time, they
come to be Iflands. All Shis may be
Laid of all the Iflands in the World, as
well as thofe \ but the Philippines may
be rais’d particularly by the laft means
fpoke of, becaufe in feveral parts of
them, there are burning Mountains, and
on the tops of others Springs of hot
Water. The Earthquakes are frequent
and terrible at certain times; infomuch
that they Icarce leave any Structure
ftanding, as M anila can fufficiently te-
ftify. The Winds call’d by the Indi-
ans Baguyos, by the Spaniards Tifones,
and by us Hnracans, are here lo vio-
lent, that befides the Wrecks they caufe
at Sea, they Root up mighty Trees,
and drive before them, vaft quantities
of Water, which drown Countries a
great way up the Land. Among the
Iflands there is a Shoal Water, and ma-
ny Flats, efpecially near the Continent j
t
n
<§L
Book I.
infomuch that in many places there is
no Sailing, and the Ships are forced to
feek out Channels, which Providence has
left to keep up a Communication from
one Country to another. Thefe may
be Grounds to Conje&ure,that if any of
thefe Iflands were at the Creation join’d
to the Continent, feveral accidents, and
elpecially the Flood might have divided
them into fo ‘many diftindt Parts, ma-
king of one great one, an Archipelago
of little Iflands.
It is not my bufinefs here to Argue, Their Tn.
whether Tharps, the Son of Ja va n with habitants,
his Brothers, was the firft that inhabic-
ed thefe Parts ; but when the Spaniards
firft came to Manila., they there found
three forts of People. On theSeaCoafts
there liv’d and rul’d Malay Moors, come,
as they laid, from Borneo, andtheCon-
tinent of Malaca where a Streigbt
call’d M alay, has given its Name to all
the Malayes difpers’d throughout the
greateft and belt part of that Archipe- ^
lago. From thefe are defcended the 1‘
Tagalians, which are the Natives of
M anila and the Country about it, as ap-
pears by their Language being very like
the Malayan •, by their Colour, Shape,
Habit they wore when the Spaniards ar-
riv’d, and in Ihort by their Cuftoms and
Manners, taken from the Malayes and 0-
ther Indian Nations. The coming of
thefe People into the Iflands, might be
accidental, occafion’d by fome Storm \
for we fee by experience, that feveral
other Nations have been drove hither by
Storms. In 1690, fome Japonefes were
drove alhore, who became Chriftians,
and lifted themfelves in the King’s For-
ces, it being inevitable Death to them,
to return home, after they had been
in another Country, tho’ againft their
Wills. I faw fome of thofe Japonefes
in M anila, who wore two wide Gar-
ments, with wide round Sleeves. The
under Garment was girt with two Gir­
dies,one from the left,and the other from
the right, as the Spanijh Clergy-men,
wear them. Their Breeches were long,
and their Shooes like Recolets Sandals,
They wore their Hair Ihort, but the
Forehead Ihav’d as far as the Crown of
the head. Befides the Malayes might
come designedly to Inhabit there, on
Account of Trade, and for profit fake \
or elfe being banilh’d their Country-,
but thefe are all incertainties,
The Natives call’d Bifay as, and tin - gjj-ayis
tados, of the Province of Camerines and Pin-
as alfo thofe of Leyte, Samar, Panay, and ttioeu
other places, it is likely ceme from M a-
cafiar,
•/
IP
Chap, VI. Of the Philippine IHands.
f\A -/0 cajfitr, where they fay there are foiiie
CemellL People who Trim and Paint their Bo-
1597. dies like thefe Pintados, In the Relati-
on, Peter Fernandez, de Quiros gives of
the difcovery made in 1 595, of the Iflands
of Salmon, he fays they found in ten de-
grees of North Latitude, 1800 Leagues
from Peru., much about the Latitude
and diftance of the Philippine Iflands, an
IHand call’d la Madalena, or the M agda-
len, inhabited by well Ihap’d Indians,
Taller than the Spaniards, who went
Naked, with all their Bodies wrought,
after the fame manner as the Bifayas.
It is likely the Inhabitants of M inda-
nao, Xolio, Bohol, and part of Zebu came
from Ternate, by realbn of their Near-
nefs, Trade, and Likenefs of Religion,
to whom they ftill have recourfe, in
Cafe of War. The Spaniards at their
firfl coming, found they had the Com-
mand in the aforefaid Iflands.
Neerillos. The Blacks, by the Spaniards, call’d
Negrillos, who live on the Mountains
and in thick Woods, whereof there is
• Plenty in M anila , differ quite from all
the reft. They are meer Barbarians,
and feedonfuch Fruit and Roots, as the
Mountains afford, and upon all they
can kill, even to Monkies, Snakes, and
Rats. They go naked, except their
Privities which they cover with the
Barks of Trees, by them call’d Bahaques;
and the Women with a Clout wove of
the Fibers of Trees, call’d Tapijle. They
nfe no other Ornament, but Bracelets
J made of Rulhes, and Indian Canes of
feveral Colours. They have no Laws,
Letters, or Government, but that which
Kindred makes, for they all obey the
Head of the Family. The Women carry
their Children in Wallets made of the
Bark of Trees, and ty’d about them
wkh a Cloth, as fome Women of AU
bania do in Italy, or like the Irijh Wo-
men. Where Night overtakes them,
there they lye, either in the hollow of a
Tree, or under Mats, made of the Bark
of Trees, fet up like Huts •, and thus
they live like Brute Beafts, only for the
fake of Liberty, that is, not to be Sub-
jeftto the Spaniards. This fame fool-
, ifh love of Liberty, is the Caufe, they
will not fuffer the Blacks of another
Mountain to come to theirs, and on this
Acconnt they fight one another defpe-
rately. They are fuch Enemies to the
Spaniards, that if they happen to kill
one, they invite all their kindred, and
rejoice for three days, drinking out of
the Skull, clear’d for that purpofe by
which means, they afterwards get Wives
* *
/
. v
§L
43 i
the eafier, as being more Couragious.
Their Weddings conlift only in touch-
ing of Hands, the Parents making their
Children hold them out.
This mixing with the Wild Indians mmh-
produced the Tribe of Manghiant who
are Blacks dwelling in the Iiles of M in -
dor a and Mnndos, and who peopled the
Iflands de Us Negros, or of Blacks. Some
of them have harlh frilled Hair, like the
A frican and Angola Blacks, others long.
The colour of fome of then, is like E -
thiopians others more whitiiy, and fome
of thefe have been feen with a Tail
half a Span long, like thofe Iflanders
Ptolomey fpeaks of, Comen. lib. 7. T av.
1 1 . pag. \66.
1 he Sambali, contrary to the others, Sm bnlh
tho’ Wild have long Hair, like the o-
ther Conquer’d Indians. The Wives,
of thefe Savages are deliver’d in the
Woods, like She Goats, and immedi-
ately wafii themfelves and the Infants
in the Rivers, or other cold Water ;
which would be immediate Death to Eu-
ropeans. Thefe Blacks when purfu’d by
the Spaniards, with the found of little
Sticks, give notice to the reft, that are
difpers’d about the Woods , to fave
themfelves by Flight. Their Weapons
are Bows and Arrows, a fhort Spear,
and a lhort Weapon, or Knife at their
Girdle. They Poifon their Arrows,
which are lometimes headed with Iron,
o ra lharp Stone, and they bore the
Point, that it may break in their Ene-
mies Body, and fo be unfit to be Ihot
back. For their Defence, they ufe a
Wooden Buckler, four Spans long, and
two in breadth, which always hangs at
their Arm.
Tho’ I had much difeourfe about
with the Fathers of the Society, and o-
ther Miflloners, who converfe with thefe
Blacks, Manghians, Mandi and Sambalij
I could never learn any thing of their
Religion } but on the contrary, all una-
nimoufly agree they have none, but live
like Beafts, and the molt that has been
feen among the Blacks on the Mountains,
has been a round Stone, to which they
pay’d a Veneration, or a Trunk of a
Tree, or Beafts, or other things they
find about, and this only out of fear.
True it is, that by means o. the Hea-
then Chinefes, who deal with them in
the Mountains, fome deformed Sta-
tues have been found in their Huts,
The other three beforemention’d Na-
tions, feem’d inclin’d to obferving of
Auguries, and Mahometan Superftkions,
by reafon of their Commerce, with the
Ma-
\
' ---------- - ■’'7WS -

10 :" '

<SL
t v ...

432 A Voyage round the W O R L D . Book I.

C^KS^ Malayts and Ternates. The moll re-
Gemelli. ciev’d Opinion is, that thefe Blacks were
1697. the firft Inhabitants of the lilands; and
W^ V S-’ that being Cowards, the Sea Coafts were
ealilytaken from thembyPeople relorting
from Sumatra, Borneo, Macaffar and o-
ther Places; and therefore they retir’d
to the Mountains. In Ihort, in all ihe
lilands where thefe Blacks, and other
Savage Men are, the Spaniards Poflels
not much beyond the Sea Coafts ; and
not that iif all Parts, efpedally from
Maribeles, p Cape Bohn,>0 in the Ifland
of M a n ila where for 50 Leagues along
the Shoar, there is no Landing, for
fear of the Blacks, who are molt inve-
terate Enemies to the Europeans. Thus
all the in-land Parts being pollels’d by
thefe Brutes, againft whom no Army
could prevail in the thick Woods, the
King of Spain has fcarce one in ten of the
Inhabitants of the Illand, that owns him,
as the Spaniards often told me. See N a-
varrete, who gives a much better Account
of this Matter, and not by hearfay, but
as a n Eye-witnefs.
The Fathers Miflioners, take much
Pains, to bring thefe People to Salva-
tion, going into the Woods to Preach
to feme of them, who are not altoge-
ther fo fierce, and build little Huts or
Houfes, for the conveniency of the Mif-
iioner, who fometimes prevails upon a
few ; but upon the leaft fimnize of Jea-
loufy, they burn Houfes Church, 'and
all in them, and run into the thickeft of
the Wood. This happens, bcaufe the
ChriIlian Indians, that they may have all
the Profit of the Wax, the Blacks ga­
ther in the Woods, have perluaded them
by all means to fhua coming under the
Spanijh Yoke, becaufe they would be 0-
blig’d to pay a Tribute. Whoever
catches one of them may keep him as a
Slave; but if lie becomes a Chriftian,
when he has ferv'd ten Years, he is to
be made free, and then Natural Incliuati-
on prevailing, he certainly runs away to
his Native Mountain,
There is another fort of People, not
fo Polite as the firft, nor fo Barbarous
as thefe laft, who live near the Springs
of the Rivers, and ate therefore call'd
Hay as, or Tinghianos, as Inhabiting the
Mountains. There are others call’d
Zambales, and Igalotes, who cortverfe
with the'7 a“ galis, and Bifay as. Some of
thefe Pay Tribute, tho’“ they are not
Chriftians, and they are judg’d to be a
mixr. Race of the other Barbarous Na-
tions, and therefore referable them in
Behaviour, Colour, and Manners. Yet
all this does not make out, that Inhabi-
tants might not go over to thefe lilands
out of China, Japan, Siam, Camboja, and
Cochinchina.

C H A P . V II.
A particular Account of the JJland of Luzon, vulgarly ealPd Manila.
Mmhde- y TAving fpoke of the lilands in ge- a great Lake, call’d Baht, eighteen Italian
cnN’ J L j L neral, it will be proper now to Miles from M anila, in this place the
give the Defcription of them in particu- Indians had their Principal Village, con-
lar. Therefore to begin with Lnz.cn or filling of about 3500 Houfes, towards
M anila, as the Spaniards call it, which the Eaft, in the Angle made by the Ri-
is the chief of them. The Middle of it ver and the Sea. Behind it were many
.is in 15 Degrees of Latitude, the Eaft Ponds, which made the Place naturally
Point in 13 Degrees and 30 Minutes, Strong, and the Soil was Fruitful of all
and the moft Notherly Point in 19 De- things, neceflary for the Life of Man;
grees. The Shape of it is like an Arm for which reafon Michael Lopei, the firft
bow’d, but unequal in thicknefs, for in Conqueror of the Ifland, thought fit to
the Eaft it isfo narrow that it is but one found the Principal City in this Place,
Days Journey over; and in the North under the Antient Name of Manila.
It ftretches fo large, that the narroweft This was done, as has been faid before,
part from Sea to Sea mull be 30 or 40 on the Feuft of St. John Baptift 1571,
Leagues. The w hole length is about five days after the Conqueft, which fal- , .
160 Spanijh Leagues, and the Circum- ling out on the 19th of the Month, be-
ference 350. ing the Feaft of St. Poteneiana, She was
At the Elbow of this Arm looking chofen Patronefs of the Ifland.
towards the Sooth Eaft, a great River In fight of M anila , and three Leagues
Falls into the Sea, and makes a noble from it, is the Port of Cavite, upon the
Bay 30 Leagues in Compafs, call’d Bahia fame Bay, which for the moft part is
by the Spaniards, becaufe it flows from deep, and abounds in Filh, and the
Shores

U y, .
':':- '' ' "
Chap.VII. Of the PhilippineIilands.
fVA^r» Shores are cover’d with many Trees and
Gemelli. Villages. Directly again ft the Mouth of
1696. the Bay, eight Leagues from Manila is
Maribeles, a little Ifland three Leagues
in Compafs, and half a League in length,
but high. Here is a renown’d Officer,
with fix Souldiers upon Guard, he is al-
fo Corregidor, or chief Magiftrate of a
Village of 50 Houfes, feated on the fide
of Manila. The greateft Profit he makes
is by the Blacks, who bring him ftoreof
Wood, for a little Tabacco and Rice,
which he fells at good Rates in Manila,
This iliows the Blacks are not fuch E-
nemies to the Spaniards, as he {peaks of
before. There are 3 Mouths to come
out of the Sea, into the Bay j the firft is
molt us’d, by reafon of its depth, and
being half a League over, and lies be-
tween the faid Ifland, and Puma del D i-
ablo, or the D evil's Point-, the 2d is a
quarter of a League wide, lying be-
tween the oppofite Shore, and the Rock
call’d, de las Cavallos, or o f the Horfes,
it is unfafe, as having little Water and
fome Rocks under it-, the third is wider,
being three Leagues over, and lies be-
tween the aforefaid Rock, de los Caval-
los, and the Point of Mangondon, but
it has Flats, and there mull be much care
in Sailing up it.
Without the faid Bay, on the Left-
Hand, the way the Ships go to New
Spain, at 14 Leagues diftance, is the Bay
of Balayan and Bombon, three Leagues in
Compafs, behind which is a Lake well
peopled round about. Sailing on ftill
Eaftward, is the Point of Azufre, or
B r M one, and the Bay of Batangas, in-
Bajr* habited round about by Indians -, near
the Point whereof, there is a fmall Ifland
call’d, la Cazd, as abounding in Game,
Between this and the Point before men-
tion’d, is the Port of Malcaban ; fatal
for the Death of the Governor Gomez
Perez de las M arinas, Murder’d by the
Chinefes that row’d the Capitana Galley,
with feveral other Perfons.
Maun Beyond the Bay of Batangas, are the
Province. Villages of Lobo and Galvan , about
which there are figns of Mines. Here
ends the Province of Balayan, beginning
at Maribeles, and inhabited by about
2500 Tributary Indians. It abounds
in Cotton, Rice, and Palm-trees,
Tmbis. Then follows the Province of Calilaya,
or Tayabas, which reaches to Cape Bon-
do, and up the Country to Mauban, on
the oppofite Coaft of the Ifland. It has
more Inhabitants, and is larger than the
other. Next is the Province of Cama-
vines in which are Bondo, Pajfacao, Iba-
Vol. IV.
439
Ion, Metropolis of the Government, of
Catanduanes-, Bulan, vrhere the Ship
call’d the Incarnation was call away, re-
turning from New Spain in 164.9-, Sorfo-
con, or Bagatao, where the King’s great
Ships are built; and Albai, a large Bay
without the Streight, where there is a
high burning Mountain, which is feen at
a great diftance by the Ships coming
from New Spain. In this Mountain there Hot Wa*
are fome Springs of hot Water, and a- t e r s .
mong the reft One of fuch Nature that
whatloever falls in, whether Wood,
Bone, LOaf, or Cloth, is tur fdf inti) Stone,
T he Governor D. Francif Tello had a
Crab prefented him half petrify’d, cate
having been taken, that it (hould not all
be converted. At the Village of 7 m ,
two Leagues from the fide of theMoun-
tain, there is 3 great Spring of luke-
warm Water, which has the fame Qua-
licy of Petrifying,even living Creatures,
as Crabs, Serpents, and Crocodils. One
of thefe was found converted into Stone,
as long as a Man’s Arm, by F. John dc
Santa Cruz., whilft he was Curate there,
But particularly the Woods Molave,
Binanuyo, and Naga turn Stone. The
lame is to be feen in other Iflands.
Beyond Albay Eaftward, is the Cape
of Buyfaygay, and then the Ifland runs
Northward, leaving the Ifles Catandu-
anes on the Right-Hand. Coafling from
them Weftward, they meet the River
Bicor, which flows from a Lake and runs
by the City Caceres, Founded by the 2d
Governor, and Proprietor of thefe
Iflands D. Francis de Sande. Here re-
fides the Bilhop of New Caceres, un-
der whom are the Provinces of Colilaya,
Camarines, and Jfalon. Next to the Pro-
vince of Camarines is that of Paracale,
where there are Rich Mines of Gold,
and other Metals, and of excellentLoad-
ftone. In it dwell about 7000 Tribu-
tary Indians. The Soil is good and
plain, producing Cacao and Palm-trees,
from the laft of which, they get much
Oyl and Wine. Three days Journey
from Paracale along the Coaft, is ano-
ther Bay call’d Mauban, where the
Ifland winds, and makes as it were the
bowing of the Arm, oppofite to the El-
bow where Manila ftanas. Sometimes
the Ships coming from New Spain have
left their Mony here, to be fent to M a-
nila. Without this Bay, is the Port of
Lampon, like that of Mauban.
From Lampon, to Cape Engano, the 6agay.trx
Coaft is inhabited by none but Infidels, or New
and Barbarians. Here begins the Pro-
vince, and Diftrid of Cagayan, which
Iii is
92>r 1
If|
\ V w / . , I ^'v'f} **"1
<SL
V m pm bj

434 yi Fojdge hwro/ the W O R L l3 Book 1.

C S -A /' is the largeft in the lilands, being 80 8 Leagues in breadth,for thither come the
Gemelli. Leagues in length, and 40 in breadth. Mountains, and Woods inhabited by the
i <59 7 - The Metropolis of it, is the City call’d Igolotti, a Tall Warlike People, and by
New Segovia, founded by the Governor Blacks not fubdu’d. Yet the extent of the
X>. Gowzalo Ronquilloy and in it the Country was view’d, when the Army
Cathedral Church , to which D. M i- march’d fevendays, travelling 3 Leagues
chaei de Benavides, was chofen Bifhop in a day, always among Trees of Wild
j jp8. The City is founded on the Bank Nutmegs, and Pines, and at length came
of the River of the fame Name, flow- to the top of the Mountain, where were
ingfrom the Mountains of SamorM Pam- the Principal Habitations of the Igolotti.
pagna,md runs almolfc acrofs all the Pro- They live there, becaufe of tile Rich
vince. There reftdes the chief Alcaide Gold Mines in thofe Parts, which they
of the Provide, with a Garrifon of Spa- gather, and exchange with thofe of lllo-
nifh Foot, 4nd of other Nations. A cos and Pangafwan for Tabacco, Rice,
Stone Fort, was built here, and other and other Commodities. Bolides Gold,
Works made of Gabions and Wood, for this Province produces much Rice, and
a Defence againft the revolted Indians, Cotton, whereof they make Quilts and
call’d, hayas, who live on the fides of other Furniture.
high Mountains, which divide the whole Next follows the Province of Tanga- Fmgifmtm
Ifland. In this Province, the Parities be- fman, for about 40 Spanm Leagues along
long to the Dominicans. The moft North- the Coaft. Its breadth is about 8 or 9
erly Cape, is that call’d del Engano, dan- Leagues, and plain like lllocos. The
gerous by reafon of the Northern Winds, Mountains and Plains produce much Bra-
and great Currents. zil Wood, call’d by the Indians Sitmcau,
Fifteen Leagues from New Segovia, and us’d In dying Red and Blew. The
Eaftward is Cape Boxeador, and then Inland is full of Wild Indians, who like
turning the Cape, and coafting along Brute Beafts, wander naked up and down
from North to South, 20 Leagues ends the Woods and Mountains, only cover-
the Province of Cagayan, and begins that ing their Privities with a Leaf. They
of likeas. The Peaceable Cagayanes, Sow a little in their Valleys, and what
who pay Tribute, are about yooe, be- more they want, they get in the Con­
fides thofe that are not. lubdu’d. The quer’d Country, in exchange for final!
whole Province is Fruitful, the Natives bits of Gold, they gather in the River,
able of Body, inclin’d to Tillage and Li the Province of Maces, there are 9000
Arms, and the Women to feverjil forts that pay Tribute, and 700a in that of
of Work in Cotton. The Mountains Tangafinan. On the Coaft of this Pro­
produce Plenty of Wax, without any vince, is the Port of Bo'lmao and Tlaya-
trouble y there being fuch abundance of bond*, Famous in the Philippine Ida rids,
HoneyCombs, not only in this Province for the Victory there obtain’d by the
but throughout all the Ifland, that Wax S p a n ia r d s over the Dutch,
is exceeding cheap, and all the Poor * The next is the Province of T a m p a n -
burn it inftead of Oyl. They make their ga y where the Diocefs of New Segovia p
Candles in a hollow Stick, after this ends, and begins that of the Archbilhop
manner. They leave a frnall hole at of M a n i la . This Province is large, and
each end, for the Wike to run through, of great Confeqnence y becaufe the Na- \
and then flopping the bottom, fill it with tives being well inftru&ed by the S p a -
Wax at the top, and thus the Candle is ninrds help to Defend the Ifland, and
made in a moment of any Size whatfo- have Hood by them upon all occafions,
ever, which when cold, they break the ferving not only in M a n i la , but in TV-
Mould and take it out. On the Moun- n a te and other Provinces. Befides the
tains, there is abundance of the Wood Soil is very Fruitful, particularly for
we call Brazil, Ebony add other forts of Rice, by reafon of the great Plenty of
great Value. Tnthe Woods there isflore Water, fo that it furnilhes M a n i la . It
of Wild Bealls, as Boars, but not fo good alio yeilds Timber for building of Ships,
as ours,and Deer,which they kill for their the Woods being on the Bay, not far
Skins, and Horns to fell to the C b w e fc s. from the Port of C a v ite . It contains a-
The Province of lllocos, is counted the bout 8000 In d ia n s , who pay their Tri-
lllecot. Richeft, and belt Peopled in the lilands. v bute in Rice. In the Mountains of this
Its Coaft runs 40 Leagues. On the Bank Province dwell the Z a m b a U , a fierce
of the River R ig a n ,tits Governor G u ido d e People, and N e g r illo s , like the Blacks
L a cca -io trls,S v.c< .d lb r to the A d e la n ta d o , in of ^Angola with fuch curl’d Hair. Thefe
the Year 1574 built the City F ern a n d in a . are always Fighting among themfelves,
lip theCountry the Province is not above to defend their Woods from their
Neigh-

- -T I'lnYiiir'i y iit ial • y - " - W r ’ •■> ¥r'• . i r *•'•**>■ OSaOltoi&au.til_______ »

■ T r , —
H P '
Chap. VII. Of the Philippine Iflands.______ __ 4 3 ').
f s A / > Neighbours, and fecure their Game, and
Gemelli. Pafture.
1697. The Province of Baht lying Eaft.of
M a n ila , is no lefs Important tor build-
Bdi. jng 0f ships. About the Bay of this
Name, of which we have fpoke before,
and in the Neighbouring Farms grows
the bell Fruit that is eaten in Manila,
efpecially the Bonga or Arecca, and the
Buyo, which is the fame as Betle. This
is an Aromatick, and Delicate Fruit,
whereof enough has been faid, when I
fpoke of the Pmugutfe Dominions in
India 3 but it mull: be obferv’d that this
of Manila exceeds all other, and the Spa-
niards from Morning, till Night, never
ceafe chewing of it. The Fruit this
Plant bears, is call’d Taclove. This
Province fufFers very much, by the con-
tinual labour the Natives are put to,
of felling Timber for building of Ships,
two Hundred, and fometimcs four Hun-
dred being employ’d every Month in
this Work on the Mountains, or at
the Port of Cavite. The King al-
lows them a piece of Eight a Month,
and Rice enough. The whole Province
contains fix Thoufand Tributary Na-
tiveSi
There is alfo the Province of Bulacan,
Bukcm. iying between Vampanga, and Tondo. It
is fmall, its Inhabitants Tagalians, and
abounds in Rice, and Palm Wine. The
Number that pays Tribute,three Thou-
fanj_
Produa. All the Ifland of Manila produces
Gold, abundance of Wax, Civet, Cot-
ton, Sulphur, Wild Cinnamon, Cacao,
Rice, even on the Mountains which
wants no Watering , 'good Horfes ,
Cows, Buffaloes, and on the Mountains
Deer Wild Boars, and Wild Buffa-
]oes. ’
Having gone round Manila, it remains
to fay ibmething of a fmall Province,
near the Mouth of the Channel, which
was defignedly omitted 3 becaufe tho’
its Metropolis be on the Land of M a-
nila, yet the reft of it is made up of
feve’ral Iflands, as Catanduanes, Mashate,
Cumin- and Bunas. Catanduanes is 30 Leagues,
52" . in compafs, ten in length, and its ftiape
is almoft a Triangle. It is one of the
firft met with, in the way to the Iflands,
and fo near the Embocadm , or Mouth
Vol. IV.
f •
■ t
of the Chanild of St. Bernardin, that
fome Pilots miftaking it, have loft their
Ships there 3 for believing they were
entring the aforefaid Month of the
Streight, they found themfelves among
Dangerous Flats, which are all round
the Ifland a Musket Ihot from the Shore,
Its being expos’d to the North Wind,
makesit always Stormy ; for which rea-
fon there is no Sailing thither, but
from the fifteenth of June, to the mid-
die of September, It abounds in Rice,
Oyl of Palms, Cocos, Hor.’iy , and Wax.
There are feveral Riveril Dangerous
to crofs, in whofe Chan\els there is
Gold found, brought down from the
Mountains, by Floods running down
deep Trenches. The biggeft of them
is call’d Catandangan, and by the Spa-
niards, Catanduanes, whence the Ifland
tooks its Name. The Natives chief
Employment is carrying Wood/, mak-
ing very light Boats, and carrying them
to fell at Mindora, Calelaya, Balayan,
and other places. They firlt make one
very large, without any Deck, and not
nail’d, but few’d together, with Indian
Canes, and then others lefs and lefs,
one within another, and thus they
Tranfport them an hundred Leagues.
The People are Warlike, and Paint
themfelves like the Bifayes 3 they arc ex-
cellent Sailers, and leaping into the Wa-
ter in a Moment, turn a Boat again that
has been overfet. For fear of fuch ac-
cidents, they carry their Proviiions in
the hollow of Canes clofe Itopp’d, and
ty’d to the fides of the Boats. Their
Habit is only a Waflcoat which
reaches down to the Knees. The Wo-
men are Mafculine, and apply them-
felves as much as the Men to Tillage,
or Filhing. They are Modeftly Clad,
in a Coat or Jerkin, after the manner
of the Befay a s , and a long Mantle,
Their Hair they tye on the Crown of
the Head, making a knot of it like a
Rofe. On their Forehead, they wear
a Plate of Maffive Gold, two Fingers
broad, lin’d with Taffeta 3 in their Ears
three Gold Pendants, one in the place
where the European Women ufe it, the
other two higher. On their Ankles
they have Rings, which make a none as
they go.
i ji a CHAP?
'
HI <SL
/ - ■, ,n .... - ..........

’~ ~ 5 " A Voyage round the W Q R L D . _______ *•

C H A P . VIII.
O f the l(U»ds of Capul, Ticao, Burlas, Masbate, Marinduquc Mindoro,
Paragua, Calamianes, Cuyo, Panay, Imaras, Sr-
buyan, Eomblon, Batan ttnd Tabias.
\ X rithin the afbremcntion'd Archipe- the Current of the Channels that run
7 % V V Uvn are Caml, and other little upon them.
6 ernuli. V Y & .* r . ,m i Leaving Ticae, Mathate-, and Burnts Marindu-
X6 9 7 . Iflands, winch m ke the Channel W d on the fame way
1 2 l e i n r S , that S S as the'ships that im e from Acapulco
times they ifarry^hips about two or is the Iflatld of tfannduque, i j League
three times Jiough they be three Deck’d. from Manila, k is 18 Leagues in Com-
5 ? 2 Vmr » j eaanes in Compafs, the pafs, high, and abounding in Coco, and
pieafant, and Commodi- other FruitTrees, which the Inhabitants
I k fnr the'*Indians ■ who have good Live on, becaufe there is butlictleRice,
nwellinps in it after the manner of the There is a great deal of Pitch made,
Eight League! North-well from but little Wax. The peaceable InhaX
^Mnnriilif die Strekht iS Ticao, ail tants arc about jo o , incorporated m the
[ L d e T h t U a i c s in a m p a fs inhabit- Nation of the 7 % .* * .. tho they are of
ed bv Indians, for the moft part Savage, another Race, as appears by the petulu.
There is in it a rood Port with the Con- Language they have among them,
veniency of frdh Water and Wood, and M M .r o is about eight Leagues from
h therefore tbe lad Land the Ships M aH i, and fife from M m O f, « . This
s therefore tnc air l. r Ifl d is fifteen Leagues long, eight in
ia t o , , breadth, and feventy in con,pafs The
r , poninar5 it figs but tew broadeft part of it is that which looks
Tributary »2 " , who are allotted to towards the South where together with
r K i 1 S , , w h i c h i; another another high ^
lamer Iiland South of it, and not far call d Lhn, u makes« Streignc oewwn
diftant from Ticao, brought under the it and T M which they call fatal..There
Obedience of the Spaniards in 1569. is another known by the name of Cala-
c sif ic rhirtv 1 eaEiics in bite-, between it and Laban, 1 he Inha-
They fay bicants of prefently fnbmitted
S l v ’l in f ! Its Ports’ arc Comrao- chemMvcs, upon QpfcJNta * t o * s
dions for any Ship to Water. In it live a ir in g J ackn o w led gm en t

2E4^AtsaMkkw
Tribute In E d,"e, gave him feme Ornaments of Gold

S nSf.J, abLrd vdiiclrlwcntoverto fomc Parts. Along its Channels and

“ J T o a m ^ f T n r t Gold. They do “ n the Ball, North-Eaft, and fide op-

not at ptefew wolk at thefe Mines, for polite to a r e 1 » a 4 av< i and o
wmr of Induftrv in the Spaniards, who towards Panay and Bifay. Up the Ia-
w C» i-immiinnn everv Yearfrom New land live the Manglnam, who, tho dif-
5 -aS m E v oIT fome^undred Thou- fering ia Language, agree m having no
fonds’ of Pieces of .ight with an Al- Formof Government. They go Naked,
lands or 1 leces U1 k 0 ly coverng their Privities with Barks

t r i s s f f i ; a i g s ? thfhavV
ss a x -ts S S S S
Shoves of thefe Ulan* are often enrich’d dies Rags, and o her Baubles. Some
with precious Amber-Greece, call up by Fathers of the Society ot great U e ^

^?>0
,i ; ! ,, 1 ■. . . . . . ' ’ . . . .
Chap. V IU Of the Philippine Planck
told me, That thefe Manghiani have a
Gemclli. Tail a Span long. In other Refpe&s
1697. they are Brave, and pay Tribute, but
C /'W ) have not as yet embraced the Chriftian
Faith, except fome few of the Territory
of Nauhan, and this becaufe they live
Remote on the Tops of Mountains. Ba-
co is the Metropolis of the Ifland, where
the Alcayde, or Governour refides j
which Place abounds in whollome Wa-
ters, running from the Mountains, which
produce abundance of Salfaparilla. Not
far from Baco is a Place they call Old
Mmdoro, from which all the Ifland took
its Name. One Cape of ic call’d V a-
radero, ftretches out towards T al, a Vil-
lage on the Coaft of M anila , between
the two Bays of Bombon, and Batangas,
and a fmall Ifland call'd Verde, or Green
Ifland lying between them the Channel
for the Ships going to, and from Cavite,
is not above a Mile over, and this nar-
rowneft is the caufe of the Whirl-pools
and Currents which endanger Ships when
they have not a fair Wind and Current
at their entring the Channel. In M in-
doro and Laban they reckon there are
1700 Inhabitants who pay Tribute in
Wax, and a thing like black Hemp,
which the Coco Trees produce, and ferves
to make Cables for the King’s Ships
built at the Village of Tal.
lubm. Laban is a fmall low Ifland, 5 Leagues
in Compafs. Near ic is the little Ille of
Ambil, in which is a high round Moun-
tain feen at a great diftance by the In-
dian Galiots by reafon of the Flames it
calls up. The People of Laban are Paf-
fionate, and given to Drunkennefs. It
was the firft that oppos’d the Spaniards
with a few fmall Pieces of Cannon plant-
ed on a Fort. The Galeon St. Jofeph,
before-mention’d, bound for Acapaleo,
and loaded with 12000 Bales, worth a-
bout two Millions, was call away upon
this Ifland, and nothing fav’d but a few
Men.
Babuyanes. Beyond Laban Northwards there is no
Ifland of Note only beyond Cape Bo-
neador, oppofite to AW Segovia, at
eight Leagues diftance from ic, are the
low little Iflands of Babuyanes, ftretch-
ing out to the Ifland Formofa and Leipuios.
In the neareft, which is conquer’d, there
are about 500 Natives that pay Tri-
bute. It produces Wax, Ebony, Bota-
tas, Cocos, Plantans, and other Things
for the Maintainance of the Inhabitants,
and of certain Creatures call’d in the
Country Language Babuyes, whence the
Name of Babuyanes was deriv’d.
Fourteen, or fifteen Leagues South-
1 * ,v *i S
<SL
~~ 437"
Weft of Laban are the Calamines, a Pra-
vince made up of feventeen Iflands all
fubdu’d, befides many others not yet re-
duced, among the fit It of which is a
great one call’d Paraguay partly belong- vtrtgwtt
ing to the Spaniards, and partly to the
King of Borneo. This Ifland of Para-
gaa is the third in bignefs among the
Philippines. Itslhape is long like a ftraic
Arm, by means whereof Manila and
Mindoro feern to lhake Hands with the
great Ifland of Borneo. The Compafs
of it is 2 5 0 Leagues, thrt Length 1 0 0 ,
but the Breadth not abc|ve twelve in
fome places, and fourteqp in others.
The middle of ic lies between nine and
ten Degrees of Latitude ; its furtheft
Cape call’d Tagufaa, towards theSouth-
weft, is fifty Leagues diftatit from the
Ifland of Borneo, in which Interval there
are many low Iflands that almoft join
the two Lands. The Inhabitants of the
Coafts of thefe Iflands, and of Tagafau
are Subjedl to the Mahometan King of
Borneo •, but up the Inland there are wild
Indians unconquer’d, Barbarous, Law-
lefs, and Subject to no King ■, and there-
fore all their Care is not to be fubdu’d
by the King of Borneo, or the Spaniards.
Two parts of the Ifland are in their
Pofleflion. The Spaniards have in it a-
bout 1200 Tributary Indians, Blacks,
like thofe of A friek , who Range from
Place to Place, without any certain place
of Abode. In cold Weather they make
one great Fire, and all the Multitude
gets about it. They are very faithful
to the Spaniards, who keep a Garrifon
there of 200 Men, part Spaniards, and
part Indians, with an Alcayde, or Go-
vernor, whofe Refidence is at Taytay,
on the oppofite Point to Borneo, or as
the Spaniards call it Bornei, where there
is an indifferent Fort. The Lampuan,
or Governor for the King of Borneo re-
fides at Lavo. The Ifland is almoft all
over Mountainous, and full of abundance
of Ibrts of Trees and wild Beafts; and
produces abundance of Wax on theMoun-
tains, but very little Rice. Capt. Ema-
m el de Arguelles of Oviedo, a Perlon of
great Worth on all Accounts, told me,
That he going upon fome Bufinefs to
Confer wich the Lampuan, he, after En-
tertaining him five Days very Courte-
oufly to bind their Friendfhip the firmer,
drew a drop of his Blood, and gave ic
him to Drink in a Glafs of Wine ;
which the Captain in the lame manner
did to him. The Moors after perform-
ing this Ceremony, are fo Faithful, that
they will fooner wrong their Brother
than
■' '.I;. ; M,'1 Jw§ . 'v:' ov,'j;v. i M " :

.
§L

~ ^ 8 /4 romdthe W Q R I D . ___ BookI.

J l T ^ T H t a their F r le n T Anodic* i w S T th^Proit. The Mountains abonnd in
KZ^ni Tnftom is Pradis’d by the Chrifhans of all forts of Bealls and Fowls. At thefe
1697. Patina, Subject to the Spaniards, which lllands ends the Province of Calamtares,
o r o J the Miflioners have never been able to and begins that of Parity, the firft Land
Aholilh ( as I was inform’d by the fame whereof is Petal. As Parana is the big-
Ay anpiles who was there two Years jil~ gefi next to Manila and Mindanao^ *0 <
caul, or Commander in Chief ) which Panay is the bell Peopled, and moll Fruit- Tml°
is That when a Child is bom Blind, ful in all the Archipelago. Its Ihape is
u ajt 1 ame, or Decrepit, fo as to be Triangular, and itscompafs iooLeagocs.
unfit?to Work •, they put it Alive into The dames of its principal Capes are
a hollow Cane, and fo Bury it, deflroy- Fatal, Nafo, and Bdacabi. The Coaft
ins it as nfelefs to its Parents, and the from Bulacabi to Petal lies Eaft and Weft;
World. Petides the aforelaid Garrifon, from Total to Nafo North and South ;
the Alcayde formerly commanded a fmall from Bdacabi to Iloilo, another Cape lefs
Fleet of GaHeys to defend hitnfeif a- than the three great ones, is alfo North
eainft the People of Borneo •, but this and Soutli y from Iloilo to Cape Nafo
was put. down upon the Conclufion of Eaft and Weft. The middle of the
the Peace in trSTftg, by D. John Morales, Ifland is in the Latitude of ten Degrees.
Governor of the Gallic of M a n ila . Ha- On die North fide, almoft in the middle
vine feveral times Difcours'd the faid between the two Capes of Petal, and
Morales concerning the Ceremonies us’d Bnlacabi the famous River Panay falls in­
fo that EmbalTy, for concluding the to the Sea j and as foon as out,, meets
Peace, he told me, the King of Borneo with a fmall Ifland call’d Latoya, in
receiv’d him in Pufolick, fitting after the which Port the Spaniards had a fafe Re-
Mahomnau manner, on a Throne rais’d treat before they difeover’d and con-
upon feveral Steps j caufing him to fit quer’d Manila and Cavite. The Fertility
upon Cufhions on a Carpet j but that of Fatten is caus’d by the many Rivers
this Reception was lingular, that King that Water it (fo that there is no Tra­
cin g to give others Audience from be- veiling a League along the Coaft, with-
hind a Curtain. Nor is this to be won- out meeting a River that runs into the
dred at, for lie is fo Haughty, and Re- Sea) but more particularly by the al-
fenr’d, that he fuffers only his prime ready mention’d Panay, which gives its
ini Her to fee his Face upon important Name to all the Ifland, and runs forty
Affairs; nor is it in his Power to do o- Leagues. Spaniards of Credit told me,
tber, having taken an Oath to be fo re- That when it Thunders in this Ifland,
tir’d ar. his Acceffion to the Crown. The inftead of Thunderbolts there fall Crof-
faid Morales ftaid three Months at Borneo, fes of a greenilh black Stone, which
and was well Entertain’d at the King’s have great Virtue. As for the Croffes,
Expence I have feen them in the Hands of Spa-
., . Not far from this Northern Cape of niards-, it is poffible they might make
tf Tarawa, are the three lflands call’d Ca- them of the Stones that fe ll; but they
lamianes, which give their Name to a affirm they are Natural, and fall in that
Province or Government. Thefe, and Shape from the Sky. The Ifland for the
nine others near them, all fmall, are better Adminiftring of Juftice is divided
inhabited by peaceable In d ia n s . In fome into two Jurifdiftious. The firft call’d
of them there are 1 50 that pay Tribute, of Panay, contains all that lies from Cape
mothers lefs. The chief Produdof their Total to Bnlacabi* the reft of the Ifland
Mountains is Wax ; which they gather is Subjed to the Alcayde of Otton, who
twice a Year. In the Rocks over the refides at Iloilo, and point of Land run-
Sea are found thofe fo highly valu’d ning out into the Sea on the South fide,
Birds-nefts, before fpoken of, and about between the two Rivers of Tig-Bavan,
the Shores, there are very fine Pearls and Jaro ; and forms a Streight, not a-
taf.en bove half a League over, with the Ifland
rut0 ' Beyond the Calamimm, in fight of Imaras, or rather an open Harbour. On
lllands. the high Mountain of Mindoro, are the this Point the Governor p.G o n zA a Ron-
five lllands of Cityo, not far diftaut from qmllo caus’d a Fort to be built 111 the Year
one another. In them there are about i<S8t. The Ifland contains about 16361
iroo Tributary Families, more Civiliz'd, Tributary Indians, partly belonging to
and better Afteckd to the Spaniards than the King, and partly to particular En-
thofe of Calamiones and Paragm They comienderos, or Lords •, but they all Pay
arc very Laborious, and therefore ga- in Rice, the ifland producing 100000 (
ther abundance of Rice, Grain, and o- Bulhels Spanijh Meafure, and but little \
other

0
I ll <SL

Chap;IX. Of the PhilippineJHands* ~

CVA^> other Grain. The Inhabitants are Cor-
I Z f fers^the M g° ? d Country-men and Hun •
C^VXJ onH,n i Pr ^ 'r J ,fa?*rS fu o f,W,1 B?ar*
£“ d Df r i ThC ^ , 0mcn raake P oth ° f
ft vet al Colours. T! here are in the 111 and
Par^ 1es belonging to the Fathers of
the Order of St. Augnfim, three Bene-
fices of fecolar Pnefts, and one College
of the Society of Jefus, where they Ad-
mmifler the Sacraments to the Garrifon
of Iloilo. Befldcs the I ributary Indians,
T
Z
™X m *rds S L mS
Z
\o,ct i pafs,
call MegriUos, who were the firft k? 1<and
M t 1loinw'Length
§three
Inhabitants ofthe 11land, and afterwards
drove into the thick Woods by the HI-
fay who came to Conquer it. Their
Hair is not fo Curl’d, nor they fo big
as the Guinea Blacks. They Live in the
moft uncooch P^rcs of the Mountains
»ith thtir
ked, like wild Beads. They are fo fwift
that they often overtake wild Boars and
L. eei, 1 hey (lay about the dead Beaft
as long as it lads, lor they have no o-
t ier Harvcft but what they Reap with
their Bow ajld Au'° / 's‘ p ^ y fly from
the Spaniards, not through Hatred, but
for bear. Eight Years lince, D. John de
la Sierra, a Gentleman well qualify’d,
and a very zealous and u n rb X yu fan X
going to Vific tile Iflani, Lome of the
Blacks came down to ask Miffioners of
’ IlJm t0 laftrua them ia our Holy Faith •
and brought him in a Basket a Black
Woman twenty Years of Age* and but
two Spans and a quarter high/ who be-
ing Baptiz’d was call’d Mary!
Among the Iflands lying about Panov r
is Imara*, oppolice to Iloilo, and about
a quarter of a 1 caene dill me from ir
“ 1 ,as«s K Fer-
the Soil
tile, abounding in S a L jlla and rood
Water. On the Mountains there are
wild Boars, Deer, and good Trees It
has the Port of Sc. Ann three I earn,es
from t o . ’ ^
Ten or eleveil Leagues m th^ KirkrtU
Wires, m i Child™, all Na- ward of the P o i j f ! " i w l * N? ?
Ifland call’d Sibuyan, equal to the lalt
Two Leagues to the Northward are
Romblon and Baum, and then the Ifland of
Tablas, larger than the others and flu
Leagues diftant from the Point of Foul
In it there are many Indians of the fame
Language, and little differing from thole
of Panay in other refpeefs.

C H A P. IX.
° f the Iflands of Samar, Leyte, Bohol, Sibu, Bantayan, Camotes, Ne-
gros, Luegos, and Panamao.
smar. 'R E^ ® c.f the two great Iflands of anlllo, or the little St. John coining from
J J Manila and Mindanao are thole of New Spain, pafs’d through it. The whole
Leyte, Samar, and Bohol., which one af- compafs of the Ifland is about taoLeapues
ter another make a part of the Semidr- Between Guignan and Cape Spiritn Santo
5 e form d by them altogether. The is the Pore of Borongon, and not far off
firft of the three, and nearefl: to thofe of Palapa, and Catubitr the little
sj f nId T ’/aT e l)y Wand of JSw, and theCoaftof C a J j £
the Ifles, and Ibabao on that fide next Veflels of unknown Nations are often
T n , S n f ° <MlX nS i hape’ ,u llke th? caft am y on thc afore£aid Coaflt of TV
^ runk of a Man s Body, without Head lapa. T o which purpofe Pcrlons of Cre
or Legs -, its greated length from Cape dir told me, That fome Years face
Ba r t o n (which with the Point of Ma- there arriv’d People there who Laid they
thirfpp5 r / Strc,ght °J St. Bemardm) came from Iflands not far diftant, one
of Mnrrffl Df ^ CSj and.tfllrtf Minutes of which was Inhabited by none but Wo-
f North Latitude, to that of Guignan men, and that Men go over to them at
Tlf. ™ W SreSS’- C0,,ardV h= sSttlL ccrta’in time, to Lie® with ” nd
Lie other two Points reprefenting the bring away thc Male Children The
S S breadth
gieatelt breadth K
of V ^
the Ifland, are Cabo by Famc
the Amazons. TheyCjH
alfokreported
^ Siand of
there
0!. CaPe Gbod, were fuch vafl: Quantities of Amber-
’hoie; liifah Mountains are the firft dif- Greece found there, that they made ufe
cover d by the_hmps coming from New of it inftead of Pitch about their Boats •
tl0F' Pa^crn Parts» and that which feems the more probable confi-
Which lying oppofite to Leyte Weftward, dering, the abundance of ir thro wn up
Jhr^CS r ther darce a Stones by Storms on the find Coaft of Palapa.
hrovvover; and yet the Ship St. J h- I . Antony Borgia of the Society of
and

f
' » v Va • ' 1
 ■ G° i x 9 B

f(f)f . ' <SL

•s

A Voyage round the W -O R L D. Book L

and General Procurator for the Philip- W h a t they are the Reader will perceive
o v a >^v
an “ I n mP fllrther as did Mi- by the following Account given me
Gcmelh. mne llbnds told ™ f ’ Qf tpe Ga_ word for word by the Apothecary of
t n t“ ’ dCrn°em; ^ Spain, fbat the Fathers of the Society, who told me
a Chriftiah Indian had there found a it was no more thatiwhat f-M o le c o of
Piece of a valt Bignefs •, which, he not the faid Society had found by Expen-
knowin? t h e V a l u e o f , us’d as Pitch, a- ence. . tl .
bST ;
hif Boat but the Curate, who The Dofe muft be proportionable to
was o f t h e Society hearing of it, bought the Patient s Strength, and Diftempcr,
i t a t a f m a l l Rate. F. Borgia, and the but the mod ufual is the weight of half
C o m m a n d e r Martin**, were of Opinion, a Royal, that is, the r6th part of an
t h a t t h e a f o r e f i f d I l l a n d s , not yet difeo- Ounce, powder’d, and mix’d in Wine
v e r ’ d , m i g h t be thofe of Solomon, rich or Water. If it has no EfFcdt the firft
in G o l d and Amber, which the Spaniards time, the Dofe may be lepeated. In
have f e v e r a l r i m e s fought after. the firft place it is a powerful Antidote
Within t h e Streight o f St. Bernardin, againft any Poifon either of venemous
and beyond B a llo n is the Coaft of Herbs, or by blowing as is us d by the
Samar, o n which are the Villages of Indians o f Borneo, the Pfo/zfpmw, and o-
Ibatan Banoabon, Cathalopan, (where the ther Iflands •, for being carry d about
Military Commander, and Alcalde refide) one, the Perfon fo carrying it is noton-
Taranos, and Calviga. Then follows the ly fafe from being hurt by the Poifon,
Streight call’d o fS t. Juanillo, or little but it hurts him that defigns to Deftroy
St. i (whofe Coaft looks to the South) another. This is fo certain that F .A -
without which Handing Eaftward, ap- lexw , a Jefuit,_ having one of thefe
pears the Point and little Ifland of Gui- Nuts he found in the Garden acciden-
L » where the compafs of the Ifland tally, m his Pocket, and an Indian coin­
ends. It is Mountainous and Craggy, but mg to Poifon him with a blaft of vene-
fruitful in the few Plains there are. The mous Herbs, inftead of doing the Fa-
Fruit is much the fame as that of Leyte, ther Harm, he himfelf dropt down in
but here is one peculiar fort, call’d by his Sight. Inquiring into the occafion
the Spaniards Cbicoy and by the Chinejes of this Accident, other Indians own d
(Who put a great Value on it) Seym, the Truth, as being very well acqua.nt-
without Kernels. There alfo grows near ed with the Virtue of their Herbs, and
Catbalagan another Plant of a prodigious thus difeover'd the wonderful Power of
A rare Virtue, little known among the Europe- that Fruit. Being drunk in Wine, as
Fruit. ms as having been difeover’d by the aforefaid, it is excellent to bring up a-
Fathers of theSociety, but of late Years, ny Poifon. Secondly, It is good againft
The jDutch are alfo acquainted with it, the Chohck, and windy Diftempeis be-
as Trading at Batavia, and therefore at mg carry’d about one, like Tumbaga
firft would give double the quantity in or drank in Wine. Thirdly, It takes
Gold for it. The Plant is like Ivy, and away all Pains in the Belly and Stomach,
like it twines about a Tree. The Fruit, drank in Water. Fourthly, It is good
which grows out of the Knots and againft Convulfions drank, and laid up­
heaves of the Plant, refembles a Melo- on the Part. Fifthly, It helps Women
cotoon £ bignefs and colour, and with- in labour and has fuch Power that be-
in has eight, ten, or fixteen Kernels, ing app y’d before the time it may caufe
as big as a Hazle-nnt each, Green and Mifcarnage. Sixthly, It is good againft
Yellow, which when Ripe drop out of the Gripes. Seventhly, againft the Bite
themfelves. Some call them Fruit of Cat- of venemous Creatures, both apply d to
Z lZ n others of St. W a r , and the the Place, and drank in Liquor. Eighth-
Indfans Bifay-lgafnr. Thefe alfo grow ly, Againft the Sting of the Infeft Ba­
in the Iflands of Bantajan, llabao, Iga- fid, found in the Philippine Iflands, taken
fur and Caragar, but thofe of Panamao, the fame way. Ninthly,_ Againft Ter-
and Leyte are molt efteem’d. They work tian and Quarts* Agues given when the
their Effeft better, adding to them ano- Fit comes on. Tenthly, Being apply d
ther F “ the S i . call U g « * and to Wounds it tons Bleedmg. either
the S p a n ia r d s PcvinillodeS. Gregorio, much whole or in Powder. Eleventhly, It
like the Balfar/Plant, but full within helps C a ta rs,r °°fJi'.AchGS a^ ,Pa.J“ s
of a Subftance like a bundle of Hemp, the Gums. Twelfthly, Carry d m the
I brought of both forts into Europe, that Mouth it fettles the Belly and Stoma ,
the Curious may make Trial of the rare efpecially if the Party fwaliows its Spit-
Virtues aferib’d them in thofe Countries, tie. Thirteenthly, Worn about one it

4 u%

V ■ ' '/• .. | ' .
!./' : V'.' ; f
Chap. IX. Of the Philippine Iflands.
p jV / l is good againft Witchcraft; fourteenth-
Gemtlli. Jy," Againft all forts of Fluxes, either
1697. Proceeding from a hot Caufe, or a Cold,
Which virtues here mention’d are cer-
tain, and try’d \ but ’tis believ’d it has
, many more, which will be found by ex-
perience, having been in ufe but a (hort
time. It has been alfo found by expe-
rience, that the Oyl thefe Nuts are fry’d
in, has all the aforefaid Virtues, either
taken inwardly, or apply’d outwardly ;
and it farther helps Hearing, and Dim-
iiefsof Sight.
The Ifland of Leyte takes its Name
***** from a Village call’d Gleyte, feated on
a Bay oppolite to Panamao, From the
Point of this Bay, Northwards, one
fide of the Ifland runs as far as the Streight
of St. Juanllto, or little St. John, twenty
Leagues in length. Then turning down
from North to South, is the Ifland of
panahan, at about 30 Leagues diflance,
where there are two Points, 3 Leagues
afunder. The firft is call’d Cab,than,
the other Motavan, a Name taken from
a Rockdireftly oppofite, now call’d So-
aor. Ferdinand Magalhaens, the firft
difeoverer of thefe Iflands ui i52i,cntred
through this Streight of Panahan. He
that gave him the beft Entertainment,
was the Lord of the little Ifland of D i-
maffavan , who condtided and guided
him to Cebu, and there was Baptiz’d,
together with the King of that Ifland.
Inthe Villages of Cabaylan, and Abuyog
dwelt Tendaya, a great L.ord, who was
the only Refuge of the Spaniards, and
of Villalobos his Fleet in 1 $4.3, whofe
traft was afterwards follow’d by the
Captains of Mchatl laipei. de Legaj'pi.
From Ditnaffivan, or Sogor Weft-
ward, theie are 40 Leagues to the Point
of Leyte, and fo ends its compafs of 90
or 100 Leagues. It is well peopled on
the Eaft fide, that is, from the Streight
of Panamao to that of Panahan, by rea-
fon of the Fruitful Plains, which yeild an
hundred, and two hundred for one. Vaft
high Mountains cut it almoft through
the middle, and occafion fo great an al-
teration in the A ir, that when it is
Winter on the North fide (at the lame
time as with us in Europe)k is Summer in
the Southern Coaft, andotuhe contrary,
Thus when one half of the Ifland Reaps,
the other S o w s , a n d they have two plen-
tiful Harvefts in a Year ■, to which the
Rivers running down from the Moun-
tains, do not a little Contribute. Thefe
Mountains abound in Game, as Deer,
Wild Cows, and Boars, and feveral forts
of Fowl; as alfo Mines of Yellow and
Vol. IV.
<SL
. , ■.< ' M r h 1; ' ' , v
'
441
Blew Minerals. The Earth produces
great ftore of Roots, on which the !n-
habitants feed as much as upon Bread,
Grain, Coco-trees, and good Timber
to build Ships. Nor is the Sea inferior
to the Land, yeilding Plenty of good
Filh. The Ifland contains about 9060,
that pay Tribute in Rice, Wax, and
Quilts. The Fathers of the Society have
the Charge o f them. The People are
lufceptible of any Learning, and have
two good Cuftoms, the one to Entertain
one another interchangeably when they
Travel, the other never to alter the
Price of Provilions upon any Dearth;
and this under fevere Penalties. Thd
Air is frefhcr in Leyte and Samar, than
at Manila.
On the fide of Bay-bay and Ogtnud,
Leyte is, next to Bohol, the third Ifland
under the care of the Fathers of the So-
ciety. Its length from North to South,
is rtf Leagcs} its breadth, 8 or 10, and
its compafs 4C. The South Coaft look-
ing towards Mindanao is befr Peopled;
that is, from Lobog, the Metropolis, to
the little Ifland Or Peninfilla of Panglao.
There are three others, with fewerln- *
habitants, but in all they do not make
above 1200 that pay Tribute. The Soil
does not produce Rice, but is Rich in
Gold Mines, and abundance o i Cocos, Ba-
tatas, and feveral forts of Roots, which
ferve inftead of Rice. There is abun-
dance of Cattle in the Mountain^ and
Fifh in the Sea} which the Natives ex-
change with thofe of the Neighbouring
Iflands, for Cotten. The People fpeak
the Bsfayan Language, hut are whiter,
and better Countenanced than thofe of
Leyte, Samar, and Par:ay, and bolder
both at Sea, and Land. Their haugh-
tinefs appears by his Sir-name, who com-
manded them before the coming of the
Spaniards, which was Baray Tnpueng, that!
is, Non-fuch. But their Pride was hum-
bled by the Temates, Portugnefe, and Spa-
niards fuccefliveiy ; and this was fore-
told them by af?4y/<w<»,orPrieftefs of theirs
call’d Cariapa, in a lamentable Tone ini
Verfe. t
Sagbu, Sibu, or Zebu might have de- teba.
ferv’d the firft place in this D e fe r iptlon,
had the order of Conqucft been follow’d *
this being the firft Ifland, on which his
CatholickMajeftieS Royal Standard was ,
fet up by Ferdinand Magalhaens in 15 2 1,
and whence afterwards in 1564, they
fet out to fubdue Manila, and all the
Iflands before mention’d ; but I taking
them in their Natural Order, as they
lye going from the Eaft, will fpeak of
Kkk it
®
)

<SL
i

*|

442 ^ T oyage round the W O R L D. Book I.

Os_A/> ic after Manila, Samar, Leyte and Bohol. The Indians afterwards declar’d, that
Cemelli. Its Ihape is longifb, not extending a- the faid Image (which mull be fuppos’d
169?- bove 15 or 20 Leagues, the Breadth 8, to have been left there at the firft difeo-
'-''■ V ''-' and the Circumference 48. The chief very by Magellanh Men) was bv them
Point of it looking towards theSouthEaft, held in great Veneration, and always A-
is calVdBurulaque,and hence its twoCoafts, nointed with Oyl, as they did their own
run the one from North Eaft to South Idols; and that they had recourfe to it
Weft, to the Streight of Tanay; and in their Diitrefs. Here is alfo a College
the other from North to South to the of Fathers of the Society. OftwoHam-
Mand of Malta (four Leagues in Com- lets or Villages, that of Paryan is Inhabi-
pals,) and th^ City of the holy Name of ted by Chinefe Merchants and Artificers,
Jefus. This is feated on a Point in the the other by native Indians, free from
Latitude of Degrees, almoft in the any Tribute, becaufe they were the firft
middle of the Ifland, and diftant from that fubmitted to the Spaniards, and help-
the aforefaid file of Matta a Musket Ihot ed them to difeover the other Ifiands.
on the Ealfy and a Cannon Ihot on the In Zebu there are about 5000 Houles all
Weft, where Magellan was kill’d, with in the Parilh of the Fathers of St.Augu-
his Father in Law the chief Pilot, and fiin. The chief Produft of all the Coun-
Captain John Serramo. Between thefe try about is Borona, which the People
two Lands is a Port Ihelter’d from all make ufe of for want of Rice. Its Co-
Winds, and with two ways into it, that lour is like Millet, but fmaller and difFe-
is, one from the Eaft and one from the rent in Tafte. It alio produces much
Weft, but there are Flats at both the whiteAbaca to makeCables for Ships, and
Entrances. Here Magellan found many Cloth of the fineft part. This Plant is
Veffels of leveral Nations at Anchor, like an Indian Plantan^ndisSow’d } when
and the King of that Place demanding of ripe ic is beaten to fpin for the ufes afore-
him the Duties for Merchandize and faid. The fame is done with the Gamu~
Anchorage, he excus’d himfelf alledging to, taken out of the Heart of fome Palm *
the greatnefs of the Spanijh Monarch, or Coco Trees, to make black Cordage,
There were at that time in Zebu 3000 but not lb lafting in Water. There
Families of Warlike People ; and in it grows alfo a great deal of Cotton, Ta-
was afterwards Founded the firft Town bacco, Onions, Garlick and other Things;
o f Spaniards, with all Magiftrates of and in the Mountains they find much
Note. In 1598, the King made it a Ci- Wax and Civet. Of the Cotton they
t y , fending F. Peter de Aguno of the make fine Quilts, as alfo of the Thread
Order of St. Augufiin to be the firft Bi- of the Coro-Tree, a fort of Cloth they
fiiop. It was then permitted to "Zebu to call Madrenaque, with the warp of Cot-
fend Ships into New Spain as at this ton.
time only Manila can fend tw o: ’Tis The neighbouring Wands to Zebu are Bmaym.
true, that Manila to fave paying twice on the North Eaft, near Cape Burulaque,
70000 Pieces of Eight, Builds one lb Bantayan, a finall Ifie encompaft’d by 4
big, that it is as good as two, and thus or 5 left, in all which there are only
the King is defrauded. This Ifland in 3 ° ° that pay Tribute, and imploy thern-
procefs of Time increafing in Trade, felves in Filhing, and making Cotton
Zebu decay’d, and came to be a fmall Cloth and Hofe. Eaftward, between
Village, where at prefent refides the Bi- Zebu and the Coaft of Ogmueh and
fliop, a Chief Juftice, two Alcaydes and Leyte, are other Iflands call’d Carnotes: _
other Officers. The Cathedral and the chief of which is Poro, fubjed to Cmous'
Houles of the Chief [Vlen are in the Pa- Zebu. Its Point of Fanion ftretches out
rade, oppofite to which is a good Stone to the Ifland of Negros, 100 Leagues in Ne&nt‘
Triangular Fort with three Baftions, Compafs, and is feparated from it by a
to defend the Port, City and Country, fmall Channel a League over, butdange-
ln it is a Garrifon of two Companies rous becaufe of the Current. This I-
made up of Spaniards, Pampanghi and Hand extends Northward from nine to
Cagayani. The andenteft Monaftery is ten Degrees and a half. It is fruitful in
that of the Barefoot AuguJHnian Fathers, Rice, in which its Tribute is paid and
who were the firft Preachers of the Gof- it fupplies Zebuaad other adjacent Parts,
pel here, and is call’d of the Infant Jefus. The Mountains are Inhabited by Blacks
This Image of an Infant was found a- with curl’d Hair (who by reafon of their
mong the Spoils of thofe that were de- Numbers gave the Name to the Ifland)
feated, on the Day of the Conqueft by a and who live in their brutal Liberty
Souldier that had been \wMagellan’%Fleet, like their Forefathers. The Land is di-
. vided

Cfift/
# . ■ <SL

Chap. X. Of t!x Philippine I(lands. 443

C s J^ n vided among them 3 fome living on the great deal of Cacao lately brought to the
Gemdti. Tops of Mountains, others on the Sides 3 Philippines from New Spain, as alfo much
1697. but they fight fiercely among themfelves, Rice, which the Mountains produce
( / Y \ > if one Party attempts to go into the Li- without Watering.
berties of the other. This happens ve- The Ifland Fesegas, olherwift. call d fuegia
ry often i for it is the Cuftotn among Siqstitr, is near thelaft and Zebu, Tho’
them, that thofe above can take but one fatal], ’cis Inhabited by People ot Valour,
Wife, and her they mull take by force and dreaded by thofe of Mindanao and
from t h e m below, and on t h e contrary 3 Xolo.
and consequently every .Day there is The Ifland Panarnao lies Weft on the pam nm
Blood Ihed, and fome Kill’d, efpecially further Coaft of Carigara, and not above
with Poifon’d Arrows. Theft are Head- a Musket fhot from Leyte. Its Compafs
si ec) eicher with Iron, Flint, Bone or is i o'Leagues, the Lengtljfour, and the
Wood hardned at the Fire. At the Breadth proportionable. It is Moun-
Mouths of Rivers dwells a third fort of tainous, Water'd by leveral Rivers, and
Blacks who have no Commerce with the full of Sulphur and Quicktllver Mines,
other two, and are fuch Enemies tp the Formerly it was Defer!, but of late the
Spaniards chat they give them no Quar- King has fufFer’&it to be Inhabited, and
ter.* Neverthelefs if the Ifland happen be under the Government of Leyte.
to be Invaded by Py rats of Mindanao or In all the Iflands here-mention d there
Xolo they run with their Arms to De- are about 250000 Spaniards and Indians
fend7 it, and this done they retire to the fubject to the Crown 0f Spain 3 tho’ fcarce
Mountains. They behave themfelves in the 12th Part of them be Conquer’d, as
this manner, as ftill looking upon them- has been laid elfewhere. Marry’d Men
felves to be the firft Lords of the Ifland. pay to Royals Tribute, others 5, from
The Bifays ’cis true, as an acknowledg- 18 to 6 0 Years of Age* as alfo Maids
tnent for having been by them receiv’d from 24 to 50. _ Of this number about
into the Ifland, fupply them with Rice, 100000 are Tributary to the King, the
and the Blacks requite them with Wax. others to particular Lords. However
Theft Bifays live in the Plain, and the the King’s Revenue does not amount to
greateft number of them is on the Weft 400000 Pieces of Eight, which not be-
» fide under the charge of the Fathers of ing enough for the pay of 4000 Souldi-
the*Society. In the [Quad there are a ers there are in all the Iflands, and the
bout 3000 that pay Tribute govern’d by extravagant Salaries of Minifters, he
a Correjridor, or civil Magistrate, and a lays out 250000 that come from New
military Commander. Here grows a Spain.

CHAP. X.
The Wealth, Trade, and Climate of the Philippine-Iflands.
Hefe Iflands arc rich in Pearls (ef- by which may be guefs’d what a prodi-
T pecially Calamians, Pintados and gious Quantity would be found, did the
Mindanao ) excellent Amber-gt eece, Spaniards apply themfelves to it as Inou-
whereof there was once a Piece found at ftrioufly, as they do in America. J he
Xolo weighing an hundred Pounds -, Cot- firft Tribute paid the King in Gold by
ton and choice Civet. This is taken the Provinces of Illoccas and Pangafwaa
from a fort of Cats that are in the Moun- amounted to the Value of 109000 Pie-
tains, which they take with Snares. The cesof Eight 3 for then the Indians ap-
Males after taking away their Civet, ply’d themfelves to gathering it more
they turn loofe^ the Females they keep Induftrioufly, than they do at prelent,
becaufe more can be made of them. for fear it fhould be taken from t lem.
Gold. But Gold is the chief and greateft The Province of ParacaU abounds m it a-
Treafure 3 for in the Mountains there bove any other, as do the Rivers ot
are rich Mines, and the Rivers have it Bntuan, Pintadas, Catanduanes, Masbate,
mix’d in their Sand. The Governor of and Bohol, for which reafon formerly
M anila , difeourfing with me feveral abundance of Ships reforted to Zebu, to
times, upon this Point, told me, That Trade for it. The fame Provinces caH d
in all there is to the Value of 200000 o f the Bifayas have Plenty of Amber, Ci-
Pieces of Eight a Year gather’d, with- vet and Wax.
out the help of Fire, or Quickfilver j
• Vol. IV. K kk i as

W S'
f(f)|
________ _
444 A Voyage round the VV O R L D.
As for Manila, the Author of Nature
Ccmelli. placed it fo equally between the weal-
1697 - thy Kingdoms’ of the Eaft and Weft,
* >"srO that it may be accounted oue of the
Situation* 0,-eytcft piace., of Trade in the World.
The Spaniards coming Welt about, and
the Portwiiefes Ealt about, conclude their
Voyage at the Mduco Iflands, which
were formerly under the Government
of the Philippine Iflands; and generally
the middle participating of the Extremes
as being that which unites them} hence
it was that tie Philippines had fhare of
the belt of both the Indies. For here
are found the Silver of New Spain and
Peru ■, and (or the Eaft, the Diamonds
of Golconda, the Rubies, Topazes, Sa-
phires,and precious Cinnamon of Ceilon ;
the Pepper of Sumatra and Java the
Cloves, and Nutmegs of the Molucos;
the Pearls and rich Carpets of Terfta ;
the fine Silks and Stuffs of Btngala ; the
Camphir of Borneo -, the Benjamin and
Ivory of Camboia ■, the Musk of Lequios;
the Silks, Muflins, Callicoes, and Quilts,
with the curious Purcellanc, and other
Rarities of China. When there was a
Trade with Japan, there came from
thence every Year two or three Ships,
and brought pure Silver, Amber, Silks,
Chefts, Boxes, and Boards, of precious
Wood, delicately Varnifli’d ; in Exchange
for Hides, Wax, and the Fruit of the
Country.
It is eafy to perceive how Advanta-
eioufly Manila is feated to gather vaft
Riches by Trade, becaufe a Veil'd Sail-
ing thence to Acapulco, returns loaded
with Silver, the Profit being four Hun-
dred per Cent. I am of Opinion there are
no fuch plentiful Iflands in the World.
For where fhall we find Mountains that
will maintain fuch a Number of Savage
Men with their Fruit, and Roots natu-
rally produced by the Trees, and Soil;
for they apply themfelves to nothing but
Shooting, and their Number is ten times
more than the Subjedis of the Spaniards.
av The Air in the Philippine Iflands is
Hot and Moift. The Heat is not fo
violent as in the Dog-days in Italy, but
more troublelbme by rcalon of the Sweat
andWeaknefsitcaufes. TheDampnefs
is greater, becaufe the Land is general-
ly water’d with Rivers, Lakes, and
Pools, and there fall great Rains the
moll part of the Year •, fo that tho’ the
Sun twice a Year, that is, in May and
Aimtfi be in their Zenith, and conlcquent-
ly darts down his Rays Perpendicularly,
and therefore moft Powerful, yet the
Heat is not fo great as to make the Place
§L
;,,fkoFA- i 1
__ , , ,.,— -.—
— 11a,i ..■ .I,,,, a
Book i.
Inhabitable as Ariftotle, and other an-
tient Philosophers tmagin d ot the Pla-
ces under the Torrid Zone. This I ob-
ferv d which is wonderful, that firft it
Rains and Lightens, and the Thunder
is heard after the Rain is over. During
the Months of June, July, Augufl, and
part of September, the Welt, and South
Winds blow, which they call Fenda-
vales, bringing fuch Rains and Storms
that the Fields are all Flooded y and
they are forced to have little Boats to
go from one Place to another. From
OSlober till the middle of December, the
North Wind prevails; and from that
time till May the Eaft, and Eaft-South-
Eaft, which Winds are there call'd
zes. Thus there are two Sealons in
thofeSeas, by the Pomiguefes call’d Man-
zoens, that is, the Breezes half the Year
with a ferene dry Air, and the Fenda-
vales, the other half Wet and Stormy.
It is further to be obferv’d, That in
this Climate, no Lice or other Vermin
breed upon Europeans, tho’ they wear
dirty Shirts feveral Months ; whereas
Tis otherwife with the Indians, who
have great Store. Befides, they never
know what Snow is, nor do they ufe to
drink any Liquor Cold, unlefs perhaps
Perfon, who has no Care of his
Health, will cool it with Salt-peter, in
thofe Months when the North-Wind
prevails, which makes the Water fome-
what Cool. In the Philippines the Wea-
ther can never properly be faid to be
Cold, for the Reafons aforefaid, and
becaufe the Days and Nights are there
always of an equal length; for which
reafon at Manila, they never change the
Hour of Dining, Supping, doing Bufi-
nefs, Studying, or Praying *, nor do they
change their Cloaths or wearCloath but
only againft the Rain. The Air being
here, as has been faid, Hot and Moift
is not wholfome, and hinders Digefhon •,
yet is worfefor young Men that come
from Europe, than tor the Old. Provi-
dence has provided againft this Inconve-
niency by furnilhing the Natives with
Provilions eafy of Digeftion. They ufe
no other Bread but Rice, but that not
fo Nourilhing as what we have in E h-
rope. The Oil, Wine and Vinegar comes
from the Palm, or Coco-Trees which
grow in great Numbers, by reafon of
the predominant Moifture. True it is,
there are all forts of Flefn, but thofe
who live Plentifully eat Flelh only at
Noon, and Fi(h at Night; and the Poor
for the moil part have no other Diet
but Filh ill drefs d •, nor do they ever
tafte

- .
III
C hT pT xT Of
^ A ^ n ta ftc Flefh except on Feftivals. The
cfmdli great Dews that fall in fair Weather
l6gl ’ contribute towards making the Gauntry
U*YX> u n h e a l t h y 3 for it is fitch, that (linking
1 Tree fometimes it falls like Rain,
This does no harm to the Natives who
live to 80 or 100 Years of Age, but
the Europeans who are us’d to better
Food, and have ftronger Stomachs live
there but indifferently. In both Indies
the Hilly Country is better than the
Plain. At Manila there is no Eating,
or Sleeping, without Sweating3 which
is not fo much in open Places where
there is an agitation of the Air 3 and
for this reafon the richer Sort have their
little Country-Houfes to live at from
the middle of March till the end of June,
whilft the Heat lafts. Tho’ the Heat
be violent in May, very often at Night
it Thunders and Lightens with mighty
Rains. The occalion perhaps is becaufe
the Clouds, carry’d towards the Moun-
tains by the Winds they call Fendavaks,
there meet the oppofite Breez.es, which
drive them back to the Plain 3 which
contrary Motions and Agitation fet on
Fire the fulphureous and nitrous Matter
making it go off in that manner, as I
obferv’d whilft I was Writing this fame.
Earth- Manila is alfo fubjeft to great Earth-
•makes, quakes, efpecially when they happen in
e r Weather. Many attribute it to the
fubterraneous Concavities, the Waters,
Vapours, and Exhalations3 without con-
iidcring there is no part of the World
but has many fuch Concavities, Waters,
and Vapours 3 and yet no fuch Earth-
quakes. ’ Secondly, they miftake the
word Exhalations 3 as if Exhalation were
a thing lock’d up in the Bowels of the
Earth, and not that which goes from it,
thruft out by fome other thing that is
mov’d, or drawn by fome outward Caufe.
If I may give my Opinion, I believe it
to proceed from the fubterraneous Fires,
which give a vehement Motion to fe-
veral Minerals there mull: needs be
about them, and they having no room
to Dilate themfelves, pufh forward
with great force againft the neigh-
bouring folid Bodies, which by reafon
of the good Connexion of the Parts not
being able to break and give way (for
in that Cafe the Earth would open in
many Places) are lhaken, fo that the
<5L
thePhilippine 1Hands.__ 4
Motion is communicated to all that is
over it, even to the Superficies of the
Earth3 and thus happens the Earthquake*
This is fufficiently made out by the
force of the Saltpeter in Gunpowder 3
and by Experience, which (hews us thofe
Places are more fubjcft to Earthquakes,
which abound nioft in Minerals and fub-
terraneous Fires3 as to our Sorrow is
obferv’d in Campania, Calabria, and Si*
cily.
To return to Manila, there was fuch
a terrible Earthquake there in September
1627, that it. levell’d one of the two
Mountains call’d Carvallos, in the Pro-
vince of Cagayan. In 164$, the third
part of the City was overthrown, with
the Slaughter of 300 Sou Is 3 and the like
hapoed the next Year after. The old
Indians fay they were yet more dread-
ful in former times 3 and that for fear .
of them they built all Timber Hoitfes 3
not as the Spaniards have them now, of
Timber above the firft Floor,
The many burning Mountains about
the Ifland confirm all that has been laid 3
for at certain times they call up Flames,
and (hake the Earth, producing all thole
Eft'eSs lim y aferibes to the burning
Mountains in Italy, that is, driving from
them the neighbouring Rivers and Sea,
fcattermg Alhes round about, and rend­
ing the Stones, about which give a re-
port like Cannon. On the contrary
there is no Soil more pleafant, or fruit-
ful. The Grals grows, the Trees Bud,.
Bloilom, and bear Fruit at once all the
Year round, and this as well on the
Mountains as in Gardens 3 and the old
Leaves feldom fall before the new ones
are come. For this reafon the Tinguiani,
that is, Mountaineers, have no partial-
lar Place of Abode 3 but always live un-
der the fhelter of the Trees, which
ferve them inftead of Houfes, and fur-
nifii them with Food, and when the
Fruit there is eaten up they remove to
a frelh Place where there is a frefh fort,
The Orange, Lemmon, and other Eu-
ropean Trees bear twice a Year. If they
plant a Sprig, within a Year it becomes
a Tree, and bears Fruit 3 therefore with-
out any Hyperbole I may fay I never faw
fuch a verdent Soil 3 nor Woods full of
fuch old and thick Trees; nor Trees
that yield more Suftenance to Man.
A Voj*
^ ff
Hi
/T > ^ X V \
. ■ - ___________________________ _______ ____________ _____________
44^ -4Voyage round the W O R L D .
/f Voyage round the Wor/d by Dr. John
Francis Gemelli Careri. Part IV.
Containing the molt Remarkable Things he law in
the P H I L L I P P I N E I S L A N D S .
_________ | _ B O
CHAP,
Of
T 1 1 ?nE a,auent Inhabitants of thefc
Gemelli. I I n ^ r h l r ^ J d f 1 eU
16 0 1 i c,?ni Characters fiom the M a -
L s Z r s j l2 h ° l rtheCr° aC,1
T ntof H i ? * * w.honir
Writing. c.h7 alib refemble in ffiallownefs of
Judgment. In their Writings they make
aft of three Vowels, though they pro-
nounce five, and have thirteen Confo-
nants. They Write upwards beginning
ilaK cr r ? J n! Ig?lng UPu C? fhe T ? PV
j lacing the firft Line on the left, and lo
proceeding towards the right; contrary
to th e C b in cfes and Ja p o n e fts , who Write
from Top to Bottom, and from the Right
to the Left Before Paper was us’d,
and now in Places where there is none,
they Write on the fmooth Part of Canes,
or on Palm or rather Coco -Tree Leaves
with the Point of a Knife. But when it
xs a Letter that mull be folded they can
onJyufe the Leaves; and the fame is flill
Jira piSr ln f and C am beja. In
t h e P b ilip p in e -lfta n d s , the In d ia n s have al-
moft forgot their way of Writing, mak-
in £ uPc or tlic Spa n ijh .
Langua- , 1he Languages are fo numerous, that
ges. there are lixin the only Ifland o f M a n ila ,
which are the T a g a lia n , P am p an gan , B i -
Ja y a n , C aga ya m a n , P a n g a ftn a m a n , and
that of Illo ca s. 1 ho they all differ, yet
with the help of the one the reft are
foon underftood, by reafon of their like-
nefs. ] he T a g a lia n and B ifa y an are
moft generally underftood. The Lan-
guage of the N e g r illo s , Z a m b a lo s , and
other Savage Nations is not underftood.
Cnftoms. As tor their Cufloms they Salute one
another Courteoufly; which was for-
rinih ( 0llip i y„tak'ng off, thelr. Heads a
Uoth, call d P o ta n g , and in the T o g a -
L a n Language M a n p r n n , which they
/n
<§l
Book 11.
O K II
t
the Language,Charters, m i
ljlu n ds.
wear wrapp’d about like a Cap: and this
common
1 fa w r 0 n e in m y tim e b y th e
Sort of In d ia n s among themfelves ; but
when they met any Perfons of greater
Quality, they bow’d their Bodies low
clapping one or both Hands on their
Jews, and at the fame time lifting up
one Foot with the Knee bent. At pre-
fent when they meet with any S p a n ia rd
they make the r - w , or Obeifance, ta- Making
king off the aforefaid Cloth, bowing Obeifance-
their Bodies, and firetching out their
Hands clapp’d together towards him
The T a g a lia n s always fpeak in'the
third Perfon, and fay my Lord, or my
Mailer * they lit without any Seat, upon
their Legs, that is, all their Weight on
their Feet, without any other part com-
ing to the Ground, as People do to Ede
themfelves in the Fields: and they ex-
pedt to be firft fpoke to that they may
anfwer; looking upon it as ill Manners
to fpeak before their Superiors
Formerly the Mothers gave their Chil- Civility.
dren their Names, and thofe generally
taken from fome Circumllance at their
Birth ^ as for in fiance M a lt v a a , which
fignifies Difficult, becaufe it was brought
forth with Difficulty ; M a la e n s , that is
Strong, becaufe it appear’d fuch at firft
coming into the World; whichCuftom
the C h in efes ftill obferve. Other times
they gave it the Name of the firft Thing
that occur’d, as Z W , a Chimney: d Z
m a the name of an Herb; and by this
only Name they were known, without
ufing any Sirname, til] they were Mar-
ry’d. Then the firft Son or Daughter
Save the Name to its Parents, as A m a n i-
M a liv a g , Im a n a n i-M a la c a s , that is, the
Father of M a liv a g . The Mother of M a -
lacas.
111 <5
L

Chap I. Of the Philippine Illandk 44 ?

A«wf. The difference between the Names men add a long Piece o f Stuff, call’d &?*
G em tlU . of Men and Women conlifted in the ad- ras, which ferves inftead of a Petticoat)
16 9 7 . dition of the Syllable In, as for inftance, and.when they go Abroad a little Man-
t / W Ilc g e isa Man’s’ Name, and llo g in a Wo- tie. But their greateft Pride is in the
mans. Jewels they wear on their Fingers, at
Perrons. The Indians ate of a middle Stature, their Ears, and about their Necks, ac~
of the in- well fliap’d, both Men and Women, of cording to every ones Ability. They
im s ' a purplilh Colour inclining to Black, wear neither Shooes nor Hole, becanfe
The T a g a lia n s wear their Hair long of the Heat ) but the Women of Quali-
down to their Shoulders) the C agayam - ty who are Glad after the S p am jk Falhion,
am longer i thofe of Illo c o t Ihorter) and wear as they do. Belides all thefe forts
the B afayam ffiorteft of all. The Sam - of Garments, it is ftill^in ufe among
b a lia n s cut all clofe before, and wear the them to have their Skins wrought after’
reft of their Hair loofe. They are not feveral manners •, fir It, pricking them-
fo ixjtelligent and quick as thofe of the felves till the Blood comes, and then
E a fi- In d ie s , who are excellent atany Bu- ftrewing black Powder on it, that the
finds ) but particularly in Trade and Impreffion may Jaft. For this realort
Writing. The Women of all the I- th e S p aniards gave the llland of B fa y the
Hands differ but little in Colour, except name of P in tad o s , thofe People delight*
the BaJ'ayans, who in fome Parts are ing in this above the reft, as if it beto*
white ■, but all wear their Hair without ken’d Valour and Nobility. They did
Breading, yet handfomly ty’d. The ge- it not all at once, but by degrees, as they
neral Colour being black, thofe that are perform’d any noble A&ions. There-
not,endeavour to make themfelves fo, by fore the Men Painted their very Beards
the help of Bark of Trees, and Oyl and Eyebrows-, the Women only one
mix’d with Musk and other Scents. The Hand, and part of the other. In the
Womens chief Care and Pride is to file lfland of M a n ila , at prefen t, only the
and order their Teeth lo in their Youth People of Illocos Paint themfelves, but
that they may grow even. They cover not fo much as thofe of Bifay.
them with a black Dye topreferve them* They fit very low when they Eat, and
and the Ladies of Quality adorn them accordingly their Table is low, either
with little Plates of Gold. The Men round, or fquare. There are as many
formerly took no care of their Whiskers Tables as Guefts and they Drink more
and Beard, but pull’d them with Nip- at them than they Eat for the common
pets. Both Men and Women in fome Food is Rice boyl'd in fair Water) and
Countries delighted in wearing Pendents Flelh only upon Feftivals. Their Wine . .
in their Ears) and the bigger the Hole or Liquor is drawn from the Palm, or LK*irr-’
in the Ear was, the handfomer it was Cocs-Tree, cutting a Bough before it
counted fome of them had two in an Blofloms) and thus the Moifture that
„ ... Ear. No Man might be Clad in Red ftiould go to feed the Ffuit, drops into
Ha !t that had not kill’d another, nor in ftrip’d Veffels, fet for the purpofe ) as our
Stuff till he had been the Death of fe- Vines would do, if cut at the proper
ven. The Men’s Habit was a thin Dou- Seafon. This Liquor being fomewhat
blet, that fcarce reach’d the W ide, flrarp or acid, the Poor put into it fome
with (hott Sleeves) the lower Parts they Bark of Trees which give it a Colour,
wrapp’d in a Piece of Stuff, fometimes and a hotter Taft, and then it is call’d
adorn’d with Gold, which wound about Tuba. The Rich diftill it before it is
between their Legs ) as the Indians on lower, more or lefs, according as they
this fide Ganges ufe at prefent. On their would have it ftronger or weaker) and
Arms they wore Bracelets of Gold and keep it as we do Brandy, which is clear,
- ivory, or Stringsof Jew elsab out their and of a very drying Nature. The Li-
1,egs black Cords) on their Hands abun- quor call’d Ch,:la n g r is nothing but the
dance of Rings. The uppermoft Gar- Juice of Sugar Canes, boil’d a little over
ment was a little Mantle, thrown up nn- the Fire, fo that It looks like Wine, and
der one Arm. At prefent Men and Wo- tafts like Sugar. _The B ifa y a m r make an-
mcn, Young and Old fmoke abundance other fort oif Rice, and call it P a n g a ti*
of Tabatco all the Day. Their Head They firft put fome Herbs into a Pot,
they cover with the A fa n p n to n , above with fome Leaven, then cover it with
deferib’d, and the greateft Beaus among Rice, till the VefTel be half full, and
them iet the End of it hang down on ^rhen pour cm Water. Thus it works of
their Back. They alfo weara fhort Gar- ferments and the Water grows ftrong
ment, call’d C h in in a ) to which the Wo- and thick, fo that to ufe ic they mull
pour

9 ' ■

s

III ' <SL
^ * .8 /{ Voyage round the W O R L D.
r v A > ^ pour a great deal more Water on it,
Geme/li. till it is th in e n o u g h to draw. When
I6Q7. ihev have a mind to drink they fuck it
through a Trunk or hollow Cane from
the Bottom of the Veffel.
, Their Mufick and Dancing are after
“ nc the Cbinefe Faihion, that is, for Singing,
w one goes through and the other repeats
th e Stanza, to the Sound of a metal
Drum. The Dancing is an imitation of
Fighting, but all the Motions and Affi-
ons regular. They alfo have many A-
aions with their Hands, fometimes hold-
ing a Spear or Javelin, with which they
A [fault one another, Retire, grow Hot,
and Cool again ; Charge up clofe, and
Fall off very Gracefully ; fo that the Spa-
wards do not think them unworthy to be
admitted to their Feftivals. The Com-
pofitions in their Language are pleafant
and elegant enough. But their greateil
Delight is Cock-fighting, whereof we
have fpokebefore, a Sport once us’d by
the Roman Emperors.
Bathing is fo much in faihion among
them, that the Children new born, and
the Women juft deliver’d ufe it, and this
in cold frelh Water, before Sun riling,
and after ics fetting. For this reafon
their Dwellings are all on the Banks of
Rivers and Lakes •, and there is a walking
Trough before every *Houfe for thofe
that go in, to walk their Feet.
Having obferv’d the extravagant Me-
Cures. 0f curing the Sick, praais’d by the
Phyiicians in the Portugmft Conqueils in
India, I cannot but give an Account of
thofe of the Philippine- TJlands. Among
the reft two Cures of Difeafes feem'd
to me wonderful. The firlt of thefe by
the Indians is call’d Satan, by the Spam-
ards Tabardillo, and is no other but a vio-
lent Pain in the Head and Stomach, and
is certain Death unlefs the Patient be
well beaten on the Arms, Thighs, Legs
and right Breaft. Then the Bruizes are
rub'd hard with Salt , till they grow
Black; that the Blood being thus drawn
to the Skin, may flow abundantly when
cut with the Lancet. Then they are
walh’d with Vinegar, and the Patient
has nothing given him to Eat for three
Days, but Rice boil’d in Water without
Salt. (Tavardillo in Spain is a malignant
JDikemper breaking out in Spots, i f Black
Incurable, i f Red to be Cur'd fo they do not
fa llin , and is Cur'd another way, but this
in the Phili ppine-lflands is another Dificm-
per, and another Cure, tho'the Spaniards,
becaufefo dangerous, have given it thefame
Name)
Wo
/n
Book II.
The other Difeafe peculiar to the Iiles
of Negros, Bohol, Panay, Outonand XoLo,
makes the Tongues and pnvy Farts
both of Men and Women fink info vio-
lently, that it endangers their Lives.
They fay Cold is the caufe of it, and it
is Cur’d by giving the Patient the Gem-
tals of the Woman-Fnlh , concerning
which fee the Chapter of Birds and Fifties,
or of a Crocodil, powdred in Wine or
Water. _
Nothing has hitherto appear d in Reli ion<
Writing, either of thefe Feoples Religi-
on, their Government, or Hiftory; but
only fome Traditions, deliver’d from
Father to Son, and preferv’d in Songs,
concerning the Genealogy and Heroick
Ads of their Gods. By thefe itappears
they had one principal God, call’d by
the Tagaliam, Barhala-may-capal ; that
is, the God Maker. They ador’d Birds
and Bealls, like the Egyptians; and the
Sun and Moon like the Jffynans. There
was not a Rock, Stone, Promontary,
or River but what they Sacrific’d to;
nor any old Tree to which they did not
pay divine Honours; and it was look’d
upon as a Sacriledge to cut it down on
any account whatfoever. This Super-
ftition continues among them ftillj fo
that no force would prevail with the In-
dians, to make them cut down a certain
great old Tree, call’d Bahtte, whofe
Leaves are like thofe ot a CheJlnut-Tree,
and its Bark good for fome Wounds,
nor fome antient tailCanes,vainly believ-
ing the Souls of their Ancelforsdwell in
them, and that the cutting of thofe Trees
or Canes would put them into a Fever;
and that therefore an old Man, they call
Nano would appear to complain of their
Cruelty. This is to be underftood of
fuch as are not Chriftians or not well In­
ftrufted. This vain Belief continues a-
mong them, becaufe fometimes they
fancy they fee feveral Apparitions, call’d
Tibalong, on the Tops of the Trees; and
they are fully perfwaded, that the fame
appear to Children in the fhape of their
Mothers, and carry them to the Moun-
tains without doing them any harm,
They fay they fee them vaftly Tall, with
long Hair, little Feet, long Wings, and
their Bodies Painted, and that their com-
ing is known by the Smell. Be it as it
will, for I will not take upon me to ar-
gue the Point, ’tis certain the Spaniards
do not lee them, tho the Indians tell
them they are then actually prefent. The
Tagalian Dictionary compos d by a Fran -
cifean, gives a large Account of thefe
Phantomes.
In

... ■ -
Chap.II. Of the PhilippineJfknck
( \ J* S \ In Tdmpanga, and particularly on the
Gemelli. Mountain call’d JSondttj or Kalaya, which
1597. is a League and a half high, and be-
U 'V ’NJ long’d once to the Petty Kings, Sino-
quart, and Mingan, there are TUntans,
Bctlesy and other forts of Fruit. Thefe
they fay may be eaten upon the Spot *
but if any Man attempts to carry them
from the place, he certainly either falls
down dead, or fome way Lame. Per-
haps the Devil, by God’s Permiflion may
cattle fome fuch ftrange Accidents, to
keep thofe People in Paganifm ; how-
ever it is, the Indians themfelves' have
a good lhare in it, for they are notable
Sorcerers, and are laid often to convert
themfelves into Crocodils, Wild Boars,
and other fierce Creatures.
They alfo ador’d fome particular
Gods, left them by their Anceftors,
and call’d by the Bifayans, Davata, by
the Tagalidns, Anita. One of thefe was
believ’d to keep in the Mountains and
Fields, to affift Travellers ; another to
make the Seed fprout up, .and they left
him things in certain places, to gain his
Favour. There was alfo a Sea Anita
for the Fifliery, and another belonging
to the Houfe, to take care of the Chil-
dren. Among thefe Anitas, were pla-
ced their Grandfathers, and Great
Grandfathers j whom they call’d upon
in all their Troubles 7 keeping little
ugly Statues of Stone, Wood, Gold, and
Ivory, in Memory of them, which they
call’d Uchcy or Laravan. They alfo ac-
counted among their Gods, all thofe that
dy’d by the Sword, or were kill’d by
Lightning, or eaten by Crocodils, be-
lieving their Soulsafeended to Heaven,
by way of an Arch they call’d BaUngao.
For this reafon, the Eldeft among them,
chufe to be bury’d in fome remarkable
place on the Mountains, and particular-
_ ly on the' Promontories that run into
the Sea, that they might be ador’d by
Sailers. They tell abundance of Fa-
bles, concerning the Creation of the
World, add the firft Men that inhabit-
ed it.
Govern- There were no Kings, or Lords of a-
ment- ny great Note,throughout all the Archi-
pelago 7 - but in the continual Wars they
had among themfelves, the little ones
join'd in Confederacy with the greater.
In Manila the Uncle and Nephew, were
Lords, or Chiefs, and had equal Autho-
rity. Every feveral Precind, or Petty
Dominion, was call’d Barangai \ for as
the Families came hither in a Barangai
or Bark, to feek dwelling places j fo
they remain’d fubjea, either to the
Vol. IV.
* /
* ''
x <-c 1
/n
*SL
^ . ■ ...f - '., . T
440
Commander of the Veil'd, or to the
Head of the Family, and from him too!t
their Name. Then they apply’d them-
felves to Tilling of lb much Land, as
they could defend againft the Neigh-
bouring Barangais\ and tho’, when they
Were once fetledinthe Place, they were
in their turn abiding to the others •, yet
they might not upon any account mix
with them, that is, one go into the T rib e
of another, (efpecially Marry’d People)
unlefs they paid a certain quantity of
Gold, and made a Feaft Co all the Bad
rang* 7- otberwife they would caufe a
War. If two Perfons of different, Ba-
rangais Marry’d, the Children were to
be divided, as if they had been Slaves,
Nobility was not Hereditary, but ac- •NobagjS
quir’d by Induftry and Force ; that is,
by Tillage, working ill Wood, Gold,
or other matter, and fuch like Trades,
fo as to excell in them*, and then fuch a
one was call’d Data, Or Chief, and a-
mong the Tagalians Manguinao, and all
his Kindred and Friends, follow’d his
Party. If this Man afterwards loft whac
lie had, he loft his Reputation \ and his
Children remain'd Origuin, or in theTa-
gallon Language Alipin , fignifying as
much as Slaves. Thofe were reputed
the common fort, who got their living
by Digging, Fiihingand Hunting. Since
the Spaniards rule over them, they arc
grown Lazy} they are good at Meehan-
icks, as for Inftance at making finall
Chains, and curious Beads of Gold, and
other things. In Camarines and other
parts, they make Boxes, Cafes, and
Ghefts of feveral Colours , curioufly
wrought out of Indian Canes, for there
are excellent ones throughout ail the
Mauds,andsoSpaas in length,whichtwine
about Trees like Ivy. The Women
make Purls not inferior to thofe of the
Low-countries, and admirable Silk Em-
broideries.lt is their Lazinefs, that makes
them appear lefs Ingeniousj and they
are fo entirely addicted to it, that if in
walking they find a Thorn run into their
Foot, they will not ftoop to put it out
of the way, that another may not Tread
on it.
The chief Indians had formerly a Slaves and
great number of Slaves of their own utuTJ
Nation, fometimes an hundred, The
Caufe why fo many fell into Slavery,
was llfury, fo much us’d among them,
that neither the Father would lend his
Son any thing, nor one Brocher the o-
ther, tho’ he faw him in never fuch Di­
ftrefs, without Bargaining to reftore it
double. Now if the Debtor could not
L ll per-
*
 * G° $ x
/>V — x V \

f(f)| §L

450 A Voyage round the WORLD. BookII.

rv_AwO perform at the time agreed on, he be- ny Body, Sow’d, Reap’d, or went any
Gemeln. came a Slave to the Credicor, till he where by Water. Thefe were call’d
1697. pay’d the Debt ^ and in the meanwhile Namama B a y , by the Tagallians, San-
the longer it was unpay’d, the more the gaigailir , and by the Bifayans, Halan .
Intereft increas’d, till it far exceeded the Sometimes the fame Man hapned to be
Principal ; and fo they and their O ff- Slave to feveral Perfons or elfe half
fpring remain’d Slaves,without Redemp- free, and half a Slave. This was when
tion. To this day Debtors pawn their he came of a Father that was free, and
Children of both Sexes; and in fome the Mother a Slave, or the contrary,
Places fell them, efpecially the Bifay - and he was the third Son ■, for the firft
ans notwithftanding the King has Pro- follow’d his Father’s Fortune, whether
hibited that Barbarous Cuftom, under free or a Slave ; the fecond the Mo-
fevere Penalties. Sometimes the Ma- thers j and the 3d was half free. When
Iters will add to their Intereft, the va- the Mother was free, that Son was on-
lue of a Dilh, the Slave has hapned to ly a quarter free. The Sambalians pre­
break, that he may have the lefs hope tend that the Tagalians are their Slaves,
of Redemption. All Prifoners of War It is us’d to this Day, when there hap-
were alfo made Slaves *, tho it were a- pens an Eclipfe, to make a great Noife
mong People of the fame Race and with Drums, and other Inftruments, to
Dominion. Befides the great ones, T y - fright the Dragon, they imagine Swal-
rannically euflav’d the common fort, ei- lows the Moon, and make him Vomit
ther becaufe they had hapned to break, her up again. They us’d formerly to
the Mourning lilence, or thrown fome Swear before a Wild Beaft, or a lighted
Dirt on them or for palling by fome Candle, wilhing they might be devour’d
place, where they were Bathing j or fome by fuch a Beaft, or Confume like the
fuch flight Occafion and thefe Slaves Candle, if they broke their Promife ■,
they afterwacds fold at Pleafure. Thefe or be torn in pieces by a Crocodil, or
remain’d in their Houfes to live upon fwallow’d up by the Earth. It is im-
their Labour, but the Mailer took from polfible to force an Indian to Curfe the
them one Harveft in the Year, or part Devil, and if he is prefs’d to do it, he
of it, according as be was, more or lefs, willanfwer •, he is not to Curfe one that
rigorous. Another fort of Slaves ferv’d has done him no harm,
their Mailers, when they entertain’d a-

CHAP. II.
The G overnm ent , W eapons, M arriages, Sacrifices, A u gu ries, an d Fu n erals o f
the Indians, of the Philippine lfian ds.

>Tr<-
ment of JL
H P H E firft Law among them, was to
Refpect and Honour their An-
Marde- celtors, and efpecially Father and Mo-
rers. ther. The Head of the Barangai, with
fome of the Antient Men of it, Judg’d
of all Caufes whatfoever. Civil Con-
troverfies were decided after this man-
tter. The Parties were Summon’d, and
endeavours us’d to make them agree,
If this did not take effed, they made
them Swear to fubmit to the Sentence •,
and then they Examin’d the Witnelfes.
If the Proofs were equal, what they
contended for was divided i ifnotjudg-
ment was given for him that had the bell
Evidence. If the Party that was Call,
was dilfadsfy’d, the Judge became a Par-
ty for he took from the Perfon who loft
the Suit, the value appointed, or ad-
judg’d, whereof a good Part he kept to
himfelf ■, then he pay’d the PlantifFs Wit-
ncfles, and gave him the reft, which
was the leaft Part. In Criminal cafes
Sentence o f Death, was never given in
Form of Law, unlefs the Perfon kill’d,
and the Murderer were both Poor for
when any fuch had no Mony to fatisfy
the Party griev’d, then the Bato, or
chief, and other Great Men of the Ba­
rangai, came with Spears, and binding
the Criminal to a Poll, kill’d him. If
the Perlon kill’d was of Note, then all
his Kindred made War upon the Mur-
derer and his; till fome Mediator in- *
terpos’d to declare, what quantity of
Gold he promis’d to make amends for
the others Death. Of this Mony, the
one half was given to the Poor, and the
other to the Wife, Children, and Kin-
dred of the Party kill’d.
As for Theft, if the Fad were made Theft
out, but the Perfon not known, all the
Parties accus’d , were oblig’d to lay
fomething under a Cloth, after which,
if

( if 2-
CP §l
/ f.y — v^\

Chap. I I I . 0/ the Philippine iflanck ,45i

if the thing Stolen, was not found there paang; all according to their Quality.
Gemelli. among the reft, they had two ways of Formerly the Portion was paid to the
1697. Purgation. The firft was to place them Father-in-law, who at his Death dif-
t-'-VVJ all near any deep River, with Spears in pos’d of it as he pleas'd, among the
their Hands, and then make them run Children; and if the Pride had no Fa-
and call themfelves into it. He that ther, her kindred receiv’d it, to be re-
came out firft, was reputed Guilty, ftor’d to the Children born of her. The
and therefore many for fear of the Pu- Marriage was Solemniz’d by the C,«a-
nilhment were drowned. The other Iona, or Prieftefs, with a Sacrifice ; after
was to Command them one after ano- which the Goflips gave the Marry’d
ther to take a Stone out of a Ralon of Couple to Eat and Drink, out of the
boyliug Water, which whofoever re- fame Diih ; and then the Bridegroom
fus’d to do, pay’d the Value of the thing told the Bride be took her for his Wife,
Stolen. and Ihe receiv’d him. Then the Cata-
■ Adultery. The Punifttment for Adultery, was Iona gave her Bleffing, after which fome
paying a Fine; and the quantity of Gold Beaft was kii! d, and next follow’d the
agreed on, or appointed by the Elders, Entertainment, and making themfelves
once pay’d, the Adulterer was clear, Drunk. If there was any falling out
and the Husbandreftord to his Honour ; between the Marry’d Couple, another
fothat he return’d to his Wife. But Sacrifice was offer’d, the Bridegoom flay-
the Children got in Adultery, did not ing the Beaft fo Sacrific’d, and after
Inherit their Parents Nobility, no more dancing fpokc to his Amo, or Anceftor,
than thofe Born of Slaves, but were ac- deliring him to grant Peace according to
counted of the common fort. The Le- his defire. They took care not to Mar-
gitimate Children Inherited Nobility, ry out of their own Tribe, and always
and the Eldeft Succeeded his Father, if the neareft of Blood, except in the firft:
he was Lord of the Barmgay. The firft Degree. There was no difficulty in be­
falling,the others fucceeded orderly, that ing divorced ; for the Wife reitor’d the
is, the 2d, 3d, &c. after them the Fe- Portion, if it was through her Fault;
males, and then the next of Kin. In- and the Man loft it if it were through
cell: us’d to he feverely Punifh’d. his, and he cook another Wife. Poli-
Arms. Their Arms Offenlive, were Bows gamy was not us’d among thelagaLms;
and Arrows, and Lances, or Pikes with but if any Man had no Children by his
the Spears of Iron, of feveral Shapes, Wife, he might with her confent, have
orelfe of Wood hardned at the Fire; to do with his Slaves. The chief of the
broad Daggers, with two Edges, well Bifayans bad two or more lawful Wives,
lhap’d ; and Trunks with which they and the Children born of them, all in-
ufed toShoot Poifon’d Arrows, like herited as Legitimate; but thofe by the
thofe of Borneo and Sumatra. T o co- firft Fire, had double as much, as thofe
ver their Bodies, they ufe a long aar- of the fecond. The Children by Slaves,
row Shield. had fomeching given them out of the
Marriages Thefe Nations are much given to fen- Moveables, at the Pleafure of the Le-
’ fuality, fo that their Women either Mar- gitimate, and the Mother was free* The
ry’d, or Unmarry’d, are feldom conti- Gold given in Portion was meafur’d,
nent. When they Marry’d, the Man not weigh’d. Adoption, was alfo us’d,
found the Portion, and then they con- the Perfon adopted paying a certain Sum,
traded fettling a Penalty, in cafe of Di- which if he dy'd firft, fell to the Perfon
vorce ; which when k hapned was not adopting ; but if other wife , he that
look’d upon as any difhonour, fo the For- was adopted, recover’d double the Sum
feiture agreed on were Paid. But this out of the others Efface,
was, during the life of the Sureties, Formerly there were Men that made pr;des de-
that is,the Parents; for when they were it their Trade, to deflour Maids that flour’d,
dead, the Children were tree. At pre- were to be Marry’d ; and they were paid
Tent their expenccs are Exorbitant, for for it ; becaufe the Maidenhead was
on the Wedding day, they make the look’d upon as an Obftrudion to the
Bridegrom pay for admittance into the Bridegrooms Pleafure. At prefent (as
I-ioufe, which they call Pajfava ; for fome Milfionersof the Jefuits told me)
fpeaking to the Bride, call’d Patignog; fome of the Bifayans, if they find when
for Eatiug and Drinking with her, by they Marry their Brides are Maids, fay
the Name of PajfMog ; and laftly for they have got bad ones ; becaufe 00
confummating the Marriage he pays co Man has had a mind to, and debauch’d
her kindred, which they Term China- them.
Vol. IV. L 11 2 As

V I3
III
452 A Voyage round the W O R L D.
rvv> o As for their Religion, it has been
Gemelli. mention’d before, that there was no
1697. Temples found among them, but only
certain little Idols, in Caves near their
Sacrifice. Houfes, to w h ic h they offer’d Sacrifice,
by means of Priefts, call’d by the Taga-
hans Catdorian; by the Bifayans Babaylan.
The manner of Sacrificing was thus,
They all alfembled in a Hut or Cottage
made of Wattles for this purpofe, and
having danced a while caus’d a handfome
young Girl to give the firft ftroke with
a Spear to theVi&im, which was always
fome four-footed Beaft. The Sacrifice
being Slain, they cut it in Pieces, and
when drefs’d eat it in a refpedful man-
ner. If the Sacrifice was not upon any
occafion of Rejoycing, but for fome lick
Body ; they made a new Hut of Wood,
and laid the Patient in it upon a Mat on
the Ground, together with the Offering,
Inflead of an Altar they cover’d feveral
Tables, with variety of Meat. Then
the Catalana, being the fame handfome
young Girl, came out Dancing to the
Noifeof Inftruments, and having wound-
ed the Beaft, the fick Perfon, and fome
of the Standers by were anointed with
the Blood. Having Flead the Beaft they
all came again before the Patient, and
the Catalona muttering fome Words be-
twixt her Teeth, open’d, ftretcb’d and
view’d all Parts of his Body; winding
herfelf into Sundry fhapes, and foam-
ing at the Mouth. Then fhe flood a
while befides her felf; and at laft ha-
ving recover’d her Senfes (as is writ of
the Sibils) fhe Prophefy’d concerning
the Parties Life or Death. If fhe fate
down to Eat or Drink, it was a fignof
Life, if not of Death ; but for fear of
frighting the fick Perfon, fhe us’d to
fay the Anitas, or their Predeceffors had
chofen him for their Companion. Then
the Patient recommended himfelf to her,
that fhe might perfuade his Kindred to
put him in the Number of the Anitas;
and laftly the Sacrifice ended in Eating,
and Drinking; but theGuefts were 0-
blig’d to leave an Offering of Gold,
Cotton, Birds, or fome other thing for
the Prieftefs.
J They were fo Superfluous, that if
tion " ^ 7 found a Snake on their Garments,
they would never wear them again, tho’
they were new; and the fame if an Owl
fate in the Night on their Houfe. If
they found a Snake on the way ; or any
body fneez’d, Dog bark’d, or a Rat
made a noife, they turn’d back. The
Fiflier-men madeno benefit ofFifh, they
took the firft time with a new N et; be-
(SI.
Book il.
iieving if they did, they Ihould catch
no more for the future. Nor was any
body to talk in a Fifher-man’s Houfe, '
of new Nets ; nor in a Hunts-man’s of
young Dogs, till they had taken a Prey,
pofidvely believing if they did', the Vir-
tue of the Nets and value of the Dogs,
would be loft. They that went by Sea,
were to take nothing that belong’d to
the Land, nor fo much as name it; nor
thofe that travell’d by Land, any thing
of the Sea. To conclude, they under-
took nothing wichout calling lots,
F. Xuaquin Ajfin, Minifler of St. Pe- Widdow-
ter, of the Society of Jefus, told me, « s*
that he having ferv’d as Miflioner feve-
ral Years among the Tagalians, obferv’d,
that they never eat alone, but will have
one Companion at leaft. That when
the Wife dyes, the Widdower keeps
with a Mat before him, and is ferv’d
during three days by Widdowers, for
Marry’d Men, and Batchelors would be
accounted unlucky. The Wives do the
fame when their Husbands die.
When the Women are to be deli-Child
ver’d, they will allow no Maids to be bearing,
prefent, becaufe they fay it would make
them have hard labour. When any Bo-
dy dies, not only the Kindred and
Friends, but hired People come to la-
ment and make a difmal Song. Then
the Body being Wafh’d, and Perfum’d
with Storav, Benjamin, and other fweet Dead Bo-
Gums found on thofe Mountains, is dies,
wrapp'd up in more or lefs Silks, ac-
cording to its Quality. Formerly they
Anointed, and Embalm’d the Bodies of
Perfons of Note, with Aromatick Li-
quors, Aloes, and Eagle Wood, and put
into their Mouths, the Juice o f Betle,
that it might link into their Body. The punerais.
Poor were bury’d in a Grave in their
own Houfe ; the Rich in a Coffin made
of one piece of Precious Wood, and
clos’d fo Artificially, that no Air could
get into it. They left on the Body,
Gold Bracelets, and other Rich Orna-
ments. Then they placed the Coffin,
lifted up from the Ground, in a corn-
er of the Houfe, with Lettices round it,
and by it a Cheft, with the Dead Per-
fons belt Apparel, and his Arms, if a
Man, or her neceffaries for work with a
Woman. At certain times, they pla-
ced before them feveral forts of Meat,
in token of Affedion, and R efped;
but thegreateft lign of loving the Dead,
was to make much of the Slave that had
been his Favourite, and then kill him to
bear his Mafter Company. Others bu-
ry’d the Dead in the Fields, and made
Fires
T l —..I:
 ' Go^ ^ \ ■**. ,... nTit. .1 ,e i i i i ^ | 3 y i « ^ r *ri1'1 - J i' i ■.n i j ii» Qiji|ifciniiii>i n

I f f ............. ' ' ‘ ........ <sr

\" ' \ , ( / • ■

> i f

Chap, lit 5/ Philippine IHands.

c \ J^ \ fires in the Houfe for many Days, that to pafs by upon pain of Death, tohlcfi
Gcmelli. the Dead Man might not come to take was fever'ely executed. In Honout of
1696. thofe that were left Alive. When the thofe that dy’d in War, they added Sa-
C O fX J Body was bury’d, the lamentation ceas’d, orifices and Offerings, to the ufual ob-
but not the Gormandizing, which laft- fequies. If the Perfon had been bafely
ed more or lefs, according to the Dead kill’d in War, or trea'chbroafly Mur-
Man’s Quality •, but the Widdow, and der’d in Peace the Mourning, or,Silence
Children faffed, to exprefs their Sor- was never laid afide, till his Kindred had
row, eating, neither Fifh, nor Flefh, made the Balata, that is, taken Revenge,
but only Grain or Herbs. This Faff the killing a number, not only of the Eue-
Tagalians call Sipa. mies with whom they were at War,
The Tagalians Mourning is Black; but of all Strangers, not their Friends,
Mattming the Bifayam White, but thefe laft over that came before them. % the mean
° and above Shave their Heads and Eye- while they wore a Lift of Leather about
brows. Formerly, if any Man of Note their Neck, and fpent all the Day, by
dy’d, they were to keep filence many Land and Water, in (eartfi of Men td
Days, and not to Strike any place, nor Deftroy, and fatisfy their Rage. This
go upon the Neighbouring Rivers. To done, they broke Silence with great Re-
this purpofe they fet up a certain Sign, joicing, and then the Mourning wa»
that all Perfons might know it was a left off!
time of Silence, arid none fliould prefume

c h a p . in .
Of tbs Beafls, Birds, and Fijbes in the Philippine Iflands.
. , n p H e re is fo great a number of Wild for when they can find no Fruit on th6
tie Ca’~ X Buffaloes, like thofe of China,
grazing about the Plains, that a good
Mountains, they go down to the Sea­
fide to catch Crabs, Oyfters and the
Hunter a Horfeback with a Spear, may like, There is a fort Of Oyfters, call’d
kill ten or twenty in a day. The Spa- Tadorn, the Filh whereof weighs fomc
niards kilt them for their Hides •, the Pounds, and it commonly lyes open oft
Wild Indians to eat them. The Woods the Shore. The Monkey fearing it fhould
abound in Deer, Boars, and Wild clofe and catch its Claw in, puts in a
Goats, like thofe of Sumatra, which laft Stone firft, that it may eat the Oyfter,
are fo numerous, that they have given without fear of its (hutting. One fore
their Name to one of the Iflands, call’d of them, that they may take the Crabs,
de las Cubras. The Spaniards have car- put their Tail into their bole, that when
ry’d thither out of Neva Spain, Japan, the Crab lays hold of it, they may draw
and China Horfes and Cows, which have him out.
Multiply’d conliderably ; but not the There is in the Iflands, a great Mul-
Sheep, by reafon of the cxceflivc moi- titude of Civet-Cats; and this is chiefly Civet,
fture of the Earth. to be obferv’d, that if their Civet is not Cats,
There arealfo in the Mountains,innu- taken away every Mouth, the heat they
Monkeys. merabje Monkeys, and Baboons (o Mon- receive from it, is fo great, that they
ftrous big, that once at Sambangen, they tumble about the Ground, till the Blad-
fay fome of them defended themfelves der break, wherein it is contain’d, and
with Sticks, againft a Pampango Souldier fo eafe themfelves of that Pain,
that alTaulted them ; fo that the Souldier There is another fort of Cat^, as big
in a few days,dy’d with the Fright. The as Hares, and ofaFox colour, call’d Ta- p{yi„g
little Apes are diverting in the Houfe. guan. They have Wings like Bats, but Cats.
My Friend D. John del Poco had a white hairy on both (ides, by the help of which
one; but fo Old, that it held its Paw they leap from one Tree to another,
over its Eyes to fee any thing, as a Man fometimes above thirty Spans, that is,
does, when he would obferve (bmethine feven Yards and a half diftant.
atadiftance. He told me, he once had In the Ifland of Leyte, there is 4 pe-
another of Borneo, which cry’d like an cellar fort of Creature, call’d Mago,
Infant, and went upon two Feet, car- about as a Moufe, with a Tail like it,
rying a Mat under its Arm, to change and fothe long Hairs on the Snout, but
its deeping place. Thefe Monkeys feem the Head is twice as big as the Body,
to be (harper in fome refpe&s than Men. and it eats nothing but Coals.
Th#tt

H ff
(W) v Gt

454 A Voyage round the WO R LD. Book II.

There are Snakes of a prodigious Big- to cover with Earth. There the heat
GemelU. nefs. One fott of them call’d lbitin , of the Sand hatches them, and the Chick-
1697. which are very long, hang themfelves ens feed on the Yolk, till they gather
by the Tail down from the Body of a Strength to break the Shell, throw up the
ina es' Tree, expedfing Deer, wild Boars, or Sand and get out. Then the Hen which
Men to pals by, to draw them to them keeps about the neighbouring Trees,
with their Breath, and fwallow them runs about them making a Nolle, and7
whole; and then winds it felf round a the young ones hearing her, labour the
Tree to digeft them. Some Spaniards harder to get out to her. This is no
told me, The only Defence againft them lefs wonderful than what the Scripture
■ was to break the A ir between the Alan and fays of the Oftriches Eggs, Job 39, We
the Serpent; and this feems rational, for fee the difpofition of Providence, in giv-
• by that mearL, thofe Magnetick or at- ing this Bird that Inftind to bury its Eggs
trading Particles fpread in that diftance fo deep, and the Chicken fuch long Claws,
are difpers’d. Another fort of Snake as to make its way. They make Nells in
call’d Ajfagaa eats nothing but Hens. M arch , April and M ay, like the Halci-
That they call Olopong , is Venomous, ons the Antients make mention of; be-
The biggefl are call’d Bobes, which caufe at that time the Sea is Calm ell
fometimes are 20 or 30 Spans long. and the Waves do not fwell fo high as
reuanas. Another fort of four footed Creature, to fpoil them. The Sailers go in quell
which is alio found in America, and de- of them along the Shore, and where they
vours Hens, is call’d Iguana. It is like find the Sand has been thrown up they
an Alligator, the Skin Purple, fpeckled open it with a flick, where they fome-
with yellow Spots, the Tongue Cloven, times find Eggs and fometimes Chickens
but the Feet clofe and with Claws. Tho’ which are equally Valuable and Nourilh-
a Land Creature, it pafles over Rivers ing.
fwiftly. The Indians and fome Spani- There is alfo a fort of Turtle-Dove Turtle-
ards eat it, and fay it tails like a Tor- with gray Feathers on the Back, and Doves-
toife* . white on the Breafl, in the midll where-
. Among the Birds of the Illands the of is a red Spot, like a Wound with the
The ttvon Ttvort deferves to have fpecial Mention frelh Blood upon it.
made of it, as well for its Quality, as be- The Colin is a Fowl as big as a Black-
caufe it is not known whether there are Bird, Black and Alh colour’d ; without Co,inu
any of the Species elfewhere. It is a any Feathers on its Head, but inltead of
Sea Fowl and Black. As to its lize it it a Crown of Flefh. That is yetftran-
is lefs than a Hen, but has a long Neck ger which the Spaniards call Paloma-Tor- r
and Legs, and lays its Eggs in a light a t ; it is of feveral Colours, as Gray, 1
Sandy Ground. Thefe Eggs are won- Green, Red and White on the Brealt,
derful; for belides their being as large as with the fame Spot like a Wound on the
a Goofes, when Boil’d there is very lit- Breall; and the Beak and Feet Red.
tie White found in them, but all Yolk, Thefe and other forts of Birds I faw in'
yet not fo well tailed as a Hens. The D . John-del-/ W s Volery at Manila.
ftrangenefs of them is, that contrary to There was alfo a Black-Bird brought
all others, when the Chickens are hatch'd from Saratte, as big as a Turtle-Dove
the Yolk appears whole and fweet as-it with a yellow Beak, and a Lift of the
was at firft, with the Chickens Beak fall, fame Colour like a Collar. It endea-
and without any White. By this it ap- vour’d to fpeak like a Parrot. He had
pears that it is not always true, that alfo fome little Birds of the Coaft of Co-
the generative Virtue of the Seed makes romandel lefs than a Linnet, their Breaft
the Yolk Fruitful, and that in this White and Red, their Wings Gray with
Cafe the Yolk ferves for the fame ufe little white Spots, and the end of their
as Placenta Vterina does to an Infant. Tail Red, lo that they were moft Beau-
The Chickens roalled before they are tiful to behold. Belides a great number
fledg’d, prove as good as the bell Pige- of white Doves with their Tails always
ons. The Spaniards very often eat the lifted up like a graceful Semicircle,
Chicken and the Yolk of the Egg toge- which he told me were brought out of
therin the fame Dilh. The old Bird is Perfta.
eaten by the Indians, but is tough. The The Salangan is a ftrange Bird of the Sthngen.
Hen lays about 40 or 50 Eggs in a Trench Illands of Calamianes, Xolo and others,
near the Sea and covers them with Sand. It is as big as a Swallow, and builds a
For this reafon it is call’d Tavon, which little Nell on the Rocks over the Sea-
in the Language of the Illands lignifies Ihore, cleaving to the Rock as the Swal­
lows

u a ,
1(1)1
A y —< V \
Chap. i ll. Of the Philippine Iflands.
C \ J^ i lows do to the Wall. Thefe are the
e r / / ;. fo famous Birds Nells, whereof we have
1597. {poke in the foregoing Volume.
is -v O The Herrero is a green Bird, as big
Herrera* as a {~[cn- Nature has furnilh’d it with
fuch a large and hard Beak, that it bores
the Bodies of Trees to build its Neil,
From the Noife it makes at this Work,
which is hear’d at a great diftance, the
Spaniards took occafion to give it this
Name of Herrero or Smith. Others
think it was fo call’d for its knowledge
of an Herb, which lay’d upon Iron
breaks it } for it is known by experience,
that the Hole on the Tree being cover’d
with an Iron Plate to fave the Young that
are in the Nell, it feeks out this Herb,
and laying it on the Plate, breaks it,
and fo clears the way} but I will not
vouch for the Truth hereof.
There is another rare Bird call’d Colo-
Colo-Colo. Coi0^ little lefs than an Eagle, Black,
and half Filh half Bird, for it equally
dives under W ater, and flyes in the
Air. It overtakes any Filh and kills ic
with its Beak which is half a Yard long,
The Feathers are fo dole that as foon
as out of the Water it (hakes them dry.
In the llland of Calamianes there are
PeacoeksSu abundance of Peacocks. The wild
, Mountain Cocks fupply the want of
Pheafants and Partridges, and well drefs’d
are excellently tailed. The Quails are
half as big as ours, and have a red Beak
and Feet.
In all the Iflands at all times there
are green Birds, call’d Volanos, andfeve-
ral forts of Parrots, and white Cacatuas,
which have a Tuft of Feathers on their
Heads.
Cmboxts. The Spaniards carry’d Turkeys out of
New Spain, but they did not Thrive or
Increafe, by reafon of the dampnefs of
the Soil, as is believ’d. The want of
them is fupply’d by a Hen call’d Cam-
boxa, becaufe the firft of them were
brought out of that Kingdom, whofe
Legs are fo lhort that the Wings trail
on the Ground. The Cocks of another
fort, call’d of Xolo, which have long
Legs, are not inferior to Turkeys. Be-
(ides the common Hens like ours, there
is another fort that have black Flefh and
Bones, but are well tailed,
Another Bird that breeds about the
Lakes, efpecially that of Bahi, has the
Feet and Beak Red, and the Colours of
feveral Colours, as big as a Hen, and
would be as well tailed did it not eat
Fifh.
Bird of pa- The Oydor or Judge, D .Jo h n S erra ,
• radice. " Ihew’d me another dead Bird that had
Qi
45^
moft beautiful Feathers, as big as a Black­
Bird, brought him from the llland of
Borneo, where it was taken. It had no
Feet, but only great Wings to bear it
up, and is therefore call’d the Bird of
Paradice. F. Combes in his Hillory of
the llland of Mindanao, fays there are
fuch there.
We have fpoke before of the great
Bats of the llland, fo that it is needlefs Sats’
to fay more in this place } only that in
the llland of Mindanao, £hey extrad a
great deal of Salc-Peter from their Ex­
crement by the means of Fire, but it is
not fo ilrong as the common fort,
The very Filh of the llland have fome- Rife,
thing lingular. One of thefe is the Du- Woman’
yon, by the Spaniards call Pcce-M 'ger,
that is, Woman-Filh, becaufe it "lias
Breads and Privities like a Woman, and
there never was any Male feen. The
Bones of it have a notable Quality of
flopping Bleeding, and curing a Cough,
The Flelh of it eats like Pork.
The Sword Filh differs not from ours, Sw<A<±Fiflii '
only that there are fome there 20 Spans
or 15 Foot long, and the Sword 9 or 10
Spans in length. We gave an Account
of the fighting with theCrocodils when
we fpoke of the Lake of Bahi. The
Damage they do to fmall Boats will
appear, if we obferve that their Swords
have been found broken upon great
Ones.
As for the Crocodils Providence has Crocodil*.
fignaliz’d it felf after feveral manners in
them. For in the firft place the Females
of thefe Monfters being extraordinary
Fruitful, fo as to bring fometimes 50
Crocodils, the Rivers and Lakes would
have been full of them in a very fhort
time, to the great damage of Mankind,
had not Nature caus’d ic to lye in wait
where the young ones are to pafs, and
fwallow them down one by one} fo that
only thofe few efcape that take another
way. Secondly, the Crocodils have no
Paflage for Excrements, but only Vo-
mit the fmall Matter that remains in
their Stomachs after Digeftion. Thus
the Meat continues there a longtime,
and the Creature is not hungry every
Day} which if they were, they could
not be fed without the utter Ruin of in-
finite Men and Beafts. Some of them
being open’d there have been found in
their Bellies Mens Bones and Skuls, and
Stones, which the Indians fay they fwal-
low to pave their Stomach. The Fe-
male lays her Eggs out of theWater thac
they may hatch. They are twice as big
as a Goofe Egg, whiter and as hard as a
Stone,
¥
(
 /A5& •®oiJx
f / y —' nS\- . ■
I® ' <SL
456 A Voyage round the W O R L D#
C s J^ ' Stone. The Yolk in. them is but imalfe
Gemelli. like that o f the Tortoifes Egg. The
1 (S97. Spaniards as well as the Indians^ eat the
W little Crocodils. The fame affirm
there are little Bladders of excellent
(\iusk fometimes found under their jaws.
%JebiHs in his Hiftory, lib. 22. cap 5.
mentions the fame thing, and Experi-
cnee has often verify’d it.
There is another fpecies of Crocodils
' found in thefe Lakes, call’d by the Indi*
,ms Buhaya, Jay the Portugueft Cayrnanes,
and are thofe we call Alligators. The
difference between them and the Croco-
dils is that they have no Tpugue, and
lave a difficulty in turning. For want
of a Tongue it can make no Noife, nor
fwallow in the Water, but it muff Tear
and Devour its Prey on the Bank. The
Indians lay it has four Eyes, two above
and two below, by help whereof it eafily
difcovers the Fiftes and Stones, which
it takes from the Bottom with its Paws;
but that on Land it is ffiort-lighted. Be-
ikies that the Male can go but half out
of the Water, and that only the Females
go out to feek fomething to cat, in the
Fields, becaufe it appears that all thofe
kill’d on Land are Females. It is a moll
afibred defence againft the Cayman or
JlUeatm , to cany about one the fang*.
or Nmie-kau-Tagati, a fort of Fruit
growing on a Cane, .which I have by
ftc. It hinders the Alligator from corn-
CHAP.
Of the Trees anti Fruit of the Philippine-Iflands.
H E rnoft valuable forts of Fruit
T ta the Iflands are of two forts, and
both of them grow in the Woods with-
out any Improvement. The firflof them
is call’d Sm.top in Bignefs, Colour and
Shape like to a ripe Peach, but forae-
what flatter. When gather’d in Seafon
the Rind is fweet, but open’d there
arc in it five Kernels, like the Seeds in
an Orange, and as Sower and White,
The Spaniards efteem it equal to a Quince,
and therefore Preferve it after the fame
manner. It is alfo good pickled with
Vinegar, and gives a pleafant Reliffi in
Pottage when half Ripe. The Woods
being full of thefe Trees, and Sugar at
abont four Mulling and fix Pence the
hundred Weight, all the Friars ia the
%
^
Bt>ok II.
ing near, as lias been try d with a Dog,
and_is alfo a Prefervauvc againft Witch-
craft. , ,
In the Sea of Mindanao &nd Xolo there ■ ' «
are abundance of large Whales and Sea g j g
Horles like thofe of the Land, but wtth-
out Feet,and with aT ailhkea Crocodils.
The Sea-fhells in the fame Bland arc
Co large that they ferve for Holy-water
Pots, arid to give Water to the Buffaloes.
A religious Man told me, That as he was
going to the Ifland of Pintados, the Sailers
'took o nejo Urge from a Roek it was ftttck to,
that the Meat injt gave them all a Belly
full. Thefe Shells arc every where va«
lu’d but efpeaally by the Cbmtfa who
make feveral Curiofities of them,
There are two forts of Tortoifes Tortoifes.
found in thofe Seas. The great Ones
are Eaten, and their Fldh tafts like Beef,
but the Shell is not valu’d. The Flefh
of the leffier Sort is not Eaten, but the
Shell is good for feveral ufes. Some of
them are an. Antidote, it being found by
Experience that Rings or Beads made of
them would fly 111 Pieces like a Glafs,
if they touch or come near any Poifon.
The Thornbacks are mighty large,
and their Skin efteem’d by, the Jm ne-
to make Scabbards for their Samiters,
T o make ffiort concerning this Matter,
1 mull declare that of all the forts of
Filh mention’d by B m there are very,
few wanting ia there Seas.
IV.
Ph»%>»'w*-Iflands Preferve a great Quan­
tity to Eat after Dinner and Supper,
Ecfides the Leaves are Medicinal, and
the Wood excellent for Carving. The
Tree is like the Walnut, but has larger
Leaves.
The other fort o f Fruit which they Mato.
call Mabol, is fomewhat bigger than the
other, but downy like a Peach, and of
the Colour of an Orange. TheFleffi of
i r is ill Tailed, hard of Digeftion, and
contains fix Kernels. The Tree is as
Tall as a good Pear-Tree, has the
Boughs thick, the Leaves large, long
and green like the Laurel. The Wood
when wrought is little Inferior to Ebo~
ny. Both of them may be feen in the
following Cut.
Here
 ■ e°fex
/ V W /n

f f 1 <SL

C b p . IV . O f th e P h i l i p p i n e I H a n d s , 4 57

v_ ■* ^ ^ ^ | ^ --------

f% je/“i Here are alfo Bilim bines , which the the Tagalians call’d bobi t , is a Tree in
Gemelli. Portuguefe call Carambolas (as 1 obferv’d all Relpedts like the Pear-Tree; it puts
1597. in the third Volume) but as in the E a fi- out a pretty, but fmall white BlolTom,
L / W Indies they are fharp, fo here they have a the Fruit like a Cherry, only longifh
Bilimbines mixture 0f Sharp and Sweet. They are like an Olive. The P ortu gu efs give it
eaten for Sauce Raw, and Prepar’d with the Nartie of Gidmbulon.
Vinegar and Sugar. The Dottoyan is a fearccr Tree, whofe jyottoyllU
The M acupa, call’d by the Portuguefe Fruit is in all Refpe&s like the Giafhbu- .......
Giam bo, is bigger than that which grows Ion, Red, and with a Kernel, the Flefh
at Goa. There are alfo Bancbilins, which of it is White, and the Taftefweet and
the Port aguefes call B ilim bin es ; G iaccas , lower.
call’d by the Spaniards N ancas, Tanpayes The Panunguidn iS a Very large Tree,
by the Portuguefe call’d Giam bas-ehe-M a- producing a Fruit, as big as a PigeOns- f ' f
la c a ; Cajfuis or Caguis and others, which Egg, with a red Shell, in Shape and
being deferib’d in other Places are there- Hardncfs like our Pine Apples. With-
fore here purpofely omitted. in it there are Kernels, and a tranfpa-
There are alfo A lan g as of Siam , by rent Flefh of good Tafte and helping Di-
the Portuguefe call’d M angas-de~Papagal- geltion. Others have given this Fruit
bo, brought but of late Years; and Ca- the Name of Lidas, for its likenefs with
m ies, the Fruit and Tree like the Portu- thofe of China, but they differ from
guefe Carambolas, but without Kernels, them
and more lharp. The Carmon is good Boil’d and Iharp-
L . All hitherto mention’d are as it were ens the Appetite. It is as large as an
-An oy, Clarden Fruit, but there are other forts Apple, and has a Rind like an Onion,
Wild, not inferior to them in Tafte, if and the Flefh within lharp and fwcet.
gather’d in Seafon. The Lnm boy, by The Tree is as big as an Applc-Tre6,
Vol. IV. M m na ana

j (pT*\
111
45 8 A Voyage round the W O R L D.
rvA -^> and thrives well on the Banks of Rivers,
Gcmdli. in fome of the Iflands there are the fo
i<?9 7 * much celebrated Dmenes. The Tree
is large, and the Fruit grows to the
Dnnonet. thick part of the Boughs, like our Pine-
Apples, At the firft rafting it fends up
an ungrateful Taft of Onion to the Nofe,
but when grown familiar it becomes raoft
dilicious to all Strangers.
There are alfb M ararses like the Duri-
ones-, and Lorozones or Boasbas, which
forTafte and other Qualities may be call’d
Grapes.
f mst Inftead of Olives, there grow Paxos
in the Mountain? of the Iflands, which
differ but little from Olives when ga-
ther’d young; Green they are eaten
with Vinegar, and Ripe they have art
exquifite Tafte.
MneTrees ° n the Mountains of Illocos and
Cagayan there are vaft wild Pine-Trees.
They do not bear Pine-Apples like ours,
but Piles, not unlike tjiem, which tafte
like Almonds, and ferve for all ufes as
Almonds do among us.
iumbon* The Lumbers produces fome fmall
Nuts, with a hard Shell, the Kernel
whereof tails like Pine-Apple Kernels,
But this being hurtful to the Stomach,
the general life the Chinefes make of it
is to extrude the Oyl, which fences in-
Head of Tallow for Ships,
Onnec', Their Oranges are of feveral Torts,
8 ‘ ' all differing from, and bigger than thofe
of Europe. There are great and fmall
Lemmons, but for the moft part fweet.
gamboes. The Jamboas are twice as big as a
Mans Head, Round and Yellowilh. Some
of them have white, fome red and fome
yellow Seeds. Their Taft is like a Lem-
mon, with a mixture of Sweet to the
Sour. The Tree is alfo like the Lem-
mon-Tree in Bignefs and Leaves.
Of the Fruits of New-Spam there are
brought hither Ates, Anonas, Zapotes-pri-
etas, Chicos Zapotes, Aguacates, Papay-
as, Mameyes, and Goyavas Perder as * of
which laft there is fuch plenty in the
Mountains that they are a great fuppor t
to the Poor. They make Preferves of
it, and Wine better than that of the
Coco-Tree, or the Sider of Tirol. This
Fruit eaten Green is aftringent, and
when very Ripe is laxative. The Leaves
of it boil’d are good for fwcll’d Legs *
and the Indians reducing them to Pow-
der heal themfelves therewith of the
Difciplines they take in the holy Week.
The Wanders know nothing of the Eu -
ropean Fruit, becaufc the Soil will not
produce i t * and tho’ in the Caftle of
Cavitt there are fome Vines of Muska-
*
■ u&o
. <5L
Book 11.
dine Grapes, they never come to Matu-
rity, no more than the Figs and Pom-
gradates in the Monaftery of-tfez gcfms
in the fame Place,
All thofe hitherto mention’d / ’Terve p ^ x ie e
only to pleafe the Palate* but the ‘ "
Trees that yield both Profit and Pl^fttre,'
and wherein for the moft part the FiWtes
of the chief Men in the Philippme-lhands
conilft, are the Palm-Trees. They
reckon there are 4c j'everal kinds of rbeni
hut among the beft, which give duyly
Suftenance, that is the choiceft which
the Taxations call Toro, the Pimadas
L andan and the Inhabitants o f ’ the
^/«rc«-Iflands Sag$. This, to diftin-
guiftc it from the'dthers, grows natu-
rally without any Improvement on the
Banks of Rivers. It runs not very high
but is thick. All of it from Top to
Bottom is afoftSubftance likea Raddilh,
cover’d with a Bark only an Inch thick,
not very hard nor ftnooth. T'heyufeit
after this manner, they cut it in Pieces
and lay it a foaking in Water, then they
take only a narrow flice of the Bark,
that the remaining part may contain the
inward Subftance, and cut the White
within it extraordinary fmall* then they
prefs it with their Feet in Baskets made
of Cane, near the River, fo that the
beft o f - the juice may run through, by
pouring on Water, into a Vcflel fet uii-
der fufi of Water. Then they take
up that Subftance fo bruis’d and put it in-
to Moulds made of Palm-Tree Leaves,
like our Cheefe Fats, where it hardens
a little, like foft Starch, which being af-
terwards dry’d in the Sun, without any
Oven ferves inftead of Bread, and is ve-
ry Nourifhing, and will keep.
The fecond Sort of Palm-Trees is
that which yeilds their Wine and Vine*
gar. The Tagdians call It Safa, the l -
fay ans Nipa. They do not grow big e-
nough to deferve the Name of a Tree,
for they are generally in Places that a-
bound in Salt W ater, and Specially
where the Waves of the Sea come,
The Fruit would not be unlike the Date,
but it never comes to Maturity, becaufe
the Indians, as loon as ever it Blofloms,
cut-off the Bough, as has been laid before,
that the Liquor may run into the Cane
Trough placed under it. One of thefe
Troughs will hold ten Neapolitan Ci­
raffas or Bottles, and is often fill’d in a
Night. When it is not Diftill’d or Pre-
par’d as has been mention’d before, that
is, with the Bark o f Calinga, which is
like Cinnamon, it grows as four as
Vinegar. The Leaves of thefe Palm-
Trees
 <SL
—' nV \

W )
Chap. IV. Of the Philippine Iflands. ~ ™ ~ ~ ~4$g~
£ ± f T rf St in£erwoy fn rwi£h /m all Canes, to make Quilts ^ T p i ^ ^ n d "with
Z l J ? , T r r V° eS lMead 0f Tlles’ black HemP> caird y ° ^ or Gamnio,
and m il laft fix Years. to make Cables for Ships. Its Threads
Cdfo-Tree. , Therc 1S alfo Wiiie, Vinegar, and Tu- in length and thicknefs are like Hemp,
ba made of the Cto-Tree, which be- in blacknefs like Hoifes Hairs, and they
fides are of great ufe to the Iflands be- are thought to laft long in Sea Water,
eatife of the Oyl drawn from them,' Both the Wool and Hemp are taken
which when frelh is good to Eat. From from about the Trunk of the Tree,
the middle of the fame Coco comes a It produces fome fmall Cocos in ion?
Water asTweet as Sugar, and a fort of Bunches or Chillers: but of no ufe.
Sugar made of the fame Water condens’d. The Indians from the young Branches
The outward Rindferves to make Ropes, draw fweet Tuba, which when grown
Match, and to Caulk Ships. The Shell four makes them D$unk. The ten-
within it to make Cups and for other der Tops are eaten, but are not fo good
Ufes elfewherefpokenof. and well tailed as thofe of the Coco,,
Bums. There is another fort o f Palm-Trees which they eat Boil’d >
call’d Bun as, from which the Iflands of The Leaves of all thefe Palm-Trees
Bunas towards the Streight o f S. Btrnar- in general will bear Weaving, as well
dm took their Name. The Tree is to make Hats or Hoods, as co cover- '
thicker than the Coco-, the Fruit are per- Houfes, make Mats for Rooms, Sails
fed Dates of the Stones whereof they for Ships, and other ufes* fo that in them
make good Beads, and the Leaves are the poor People find Meat Drink
like thofe of the common Palm-Trees Cloth and Houfes, as Pliny in his Natu-
m Jfrick. About the beginning of the ral Hiftory lib. 1 3. cap. L writ above
Year the Bifayans cut the Stem or Stalk, 1500 Years fince.
and fo they gathei the Liquor, as is done file T amarines or Sampalos are a wild Limarines
with the Nip* and Coco-Tree. Of this Fruit, and grow in Cods like preen
Liquor, befides Vinegar, they make over Beans. They have a biting Taft and
the Fire a fort of Honey, and black Su- are therefore Eaten with Salt, and Pre-
gar, which they call Pacafas, and fell in ferv’d with Sugar. The Tree is tall and
little Boxes, as a thing much valu’d a- thick, the Leaves fmall, and the Wood
raong the Iflanders. I tailed it and found ferves for feveral Works like Ebony
it was fomewhat Saltilh and eafie to dif- The Iflands produce abundance of affm
folve. They alfo make W , after the Cajfia. The Tree is not fo large as the
lame manner as it is made of the other Tamarine, but much thicker of Boughs
Trees-, and in Times of Dearth they The Leaves are of a beautiful Green’
make a fort of Meal of the Fruit ground; and bigger than thofe of the Pear-Tree’
but not fo wholefome as that of the Saga, and being boil’d with the Bloifoms, in
hmgit The other Ialm-Tree, callcl Bonga^ the Nature of a Conferve, work the
has large Leaves like the Buri, but the fame Efled as the Fruit, and are Jefs
Tree and Fruit unlike, d he Body o f naufeous. So the young Fruit made in-
the Bongo, is Tall, Slender, Strait and toaPreferve, is Safe, and a good Lax-
knotty all the Way. The Fruit is like ative. The Mountains do fo abound in
alaige Acorn, highly valu d, becaufeof it, that in May and June they fat the
it, the Leaves of Betle and Chalk, they Swine with it, elbecially in the Ifland of
make a Compofition as big as a fmall A- Mindoro.
corn, which they and all the Indians va- There are fo many other forts of great
lueata great Rate, as a thing that Com- Trees on all the Mountains, which forve
forts the Stomach, Fallens the Teeth, to build Ships and Houfes, and are al-
Caufes a fweet Breath, and makes the ways Green ^ that thofe whom long Ex-
Lips Beautiful and Red; _ yet immode- perience has not made well acquainted
rately us’d it turns the Lips and Teeth with the ways, cannot by any means go
blacky as moll of the Indians find by far among them, as I faw with my own
Experience, who never ceafe chewing it Eyes going a Hunting. Among the belt
from Morning till Night. Some o f of them is the black Ebony, the red Ba-
them will pafsa Day or two without layong, the Afana or Nag* of which
Eating, believing they are Nourilh’d by they make Diflies to drink out of, for
„ It* _ . . „ the Water grown blewilh with Handing
ronota. The laft fortof profitable Palm-Trees in them is very wholfome, and not ill
( to fay nothing of the reft tho’ they tatted, as I found by Experience: and
bear Fruit) is the Tonota. It furni/hes cutting a flit in the Bark of the Tree
the Iflanders with Wool, call’d Baroz., there runs a Liquor from it, call’d Dra-
Vol. IV. Mmm x gons

&

«?
ft)! '
—n\ \
\SS= = 54 / ■ ■
460 A Voyage round the W O R L D .
.... a—
-.—, -1 1 i! " ! " ■ ‘ -------- - ~ -................... ...... ..............................
gon’s Blood. There is bclides the Ca-
GemeUi. iingak, fwect fceuted, and with an Aro-
1 <f97’ matick Bark like Cinnamon * and many
V Y S J more all very ufeful, as well for Dying,
as for their ftnell, and abundance of o-
ther ufes, whereof the hundredth part
is not yet known to thofe People. Thofe
call’d Tigas-, that is, Hard, arc excel-
lent for building of Ships, and there is
one Kind fo hard, that it cannot be cut
* but with a Saw, and Water, like Mar-
ble} and therefore the Portuguefe call it
Ferro, that is, IroVi.
leaves On id me of the Mountains in the
tum’dinto lfland of Manila, there is abundance of
living Wild Nutmeg, t f which no ufe is made,
Creatures. g ut jn tjie Maud of Mindanao, there
are on the Mountains many Cinnamon
Trees. The moft wonderful thing of
all, is that the Leaves of fome Trees,
when they come to a certain pitch of
Ripenefs, become living Creatures,
with Wings, Feet, and Tail, and fly
like any Bird, tho’ they remain of the
fame colour as the other Leaves. The
_ The Cacao Plant, has been carry’d
out of New Spain into the lflands j
and the increafe is fo great (tho’
it proves not altogether fo good)
that in a little time, they will have no
need of any from America.
Bees, Ho- Thofe antient Woods, which for ma-
ny and ny and many Ages have not felt the
Wax. ftroke of an Ax, are very beneficial and
Profitable to the Iflanders; becaufe there
are in them, infinite Multitudes of Bees,
which furnifh them with vaft quanti-
ties of Hony and Wax , without their
taking any Pains about it. There are
fundry kinds of them. Thofe the lndi-
ans call Pocoytan, are bigger than ours
in Europe-, and make their Combs, which
are full four Spans in length, and pro-
portionably in breadth , under the
Boughs of high Trees , and fometimes
. fix or feven in the fame place, which
continue whole notwithstanding the
♦ /
■ ■ !
§L
' | • -V i E-jpwS 1 ’ ■
. ffg ffiE ji kJ A ~J "
Book 11.
—---- --- —
»
Body is made of the hardeft Fibers, in
the middle, bigger or lefs according to
the Leaf, that part joyning to the Tree,
becomes tbe Head j the other end the
T a il; the fide-Fibres the Feet, the reft
the Wings, F. Jofeph de Oww/^aRecolet,
Provincial of the Province of St. Gregory
in the Philippine Iflands,told me that when
he was Minifter in the Province of Gama-
rims in the Village of Camilio, he was
a&ually an Eye-wttnefs to this, and gave
it me under his hand, in form before a
Notary,as I have it to Ihow by me. D.F.
Gines Barrientos, Bilhopof Trey,and Coa-
djutor to the Archbilhopof con-
firm’d the fame. I have here inferred the
following Figure of the Leaf for the fatte-
faftion ofcarious Perfons. But were it my
bufinefs to defcant upon this Subjed, I
fhould fay, there was but one way to
make this out, which is, the faid Leaf
breeding a Worm, which afterwards
takes Wing, as we daily obferve in
Flyes, Gnats, Silk- worms, and many o-
ther forts of Worms.
1. The Head.
2. The Body.
3. The Feet.
4. The Tail.
5. The Wings.
mighty Rains. Thofe call’d Uguan^xt
as big as the Europeans, and make their
Combs in the hollow of Trees. Ano-
ther fort, of little ones ho bigger, than
Flyes, call’d Locot, have no Sting, but
make four Honey, and black Wax, and
feek about for the Hony of the others,
There is another fort they call Camomo,
which like thofe calVdPocoytan,fettles up-
on high Trees. Befides all this,theTrunks
o f thefe Trees put out feveral forts of
Gums, all the Year. One kind, which Gums,
is the commoneft, by the Spaniards call’d
Brea, is us’d inftead of Pitch ; of the
others fome are Medicinal, others odori-
ferous, and others for other ufes. There
is fuch vaft Plenty of them, that not
only the Trees, but the Ground is co-
ver’d with them and there are Plants
that have it on their Leaves, in the
Months of A pril, and May. Thus we
fee the Ancients had rtSfon to lay, the
Trees
■* ;
W &i
Chap. V. 0/ Philippine Iflands.
fv^A>n Trees in thefe Countries, diflill’d Ho-
Gemelli. ney and other precious Liquors.
1697. We mull here pals by the Tree, call’d
Aimit. It is indifferent large, and fo
Aiinit. full 0f Moifture, that when the Hunters
and Wild People want Water, they cut
a hole in it, and in a very Ihort time
draw from it a hollow Cane full of
Pure Water. It allb bears lome Fruit in
Clufters, which when ripe, are not alto-
gether unfavoury.
Twinin'* ° I will here conclude this Chapter with
Cane. ° the Indian Cane, by the Spaniardscall’d,
Fexuco, growing among the Trees, and
running up to the tops of them, twin-
ing like the Ivy. It is all cover’d with
Points, which being taken away, it re-
mains fmooth. If cut, It will yeild as
much fair Water, as is enough for a
C H A P . V.
Of the Plants, and Flowers in the Philippine-Iflands.
Hole the Portnguefecall Indian Figs,
T are by the Spaniards call’d, Plan-
tans, and for quantity, are next to
Palm-trees. Their Plant withers as
foon as it has bore the Fruit. It has no
Branches, but Leaves fo long and broad,
that there is no doubt but Adam might
have made himfelf a Cloak with a couple
of them •, this being thought to be the
Fruit that made him fall in Paradice.
There are feveral forts of it, all differ-
ing in tafte. One of them is call’d Obif
pe or Bilhop, becaufe it is fit for a Pre-
lates Table } another is call’d, Tlantano
it Pepita, and the Indians have them a-
bout their Houfes, not only for the fake
of the lhade of the Leaves, but to make
ufe of them, inftead of Napkins and
Plates, and of the Fruit for Vinegar.
The choice!!: and moft Nourilhing, are
the Tundaques, a Span and half long,
and as thick, as a Man’s Arm, which
they eat rolled, with Wine and Cinna-
mon, and they tafte like the Quinces of
Europe. Thofe they call Venti coxol are
alfo excellently well tailed ; but thofe
they call Dedos de Dama, or Ladies Fin-
gers are much better. An hundred and
fometimes two hundred Plantans hang
by one Twig, fo that it mull be propp’d
up. The Indians think it fo wholefome,
that they give it to the Sick; and tho’
they be fomewhat hard of Digeftion,
they are good tor the Lungs and Reins;
and Cordial, if we may believe Avi-
cenne. The Arabs call them M nfa, and
the Malabars Palan.
%
%
0 ■
f a *’
t o
9 Csi !
46 i
draught, fo that the Mountains being
M l of them, there is never any want of
Water. The thickell: part^ of then!
ferves for feveral ufes, as covering Walls,
Roofs,and other things; that part which
is fomewhat thinner, being very ftrait,
and not apt to be Worm-eaten, ferves
to make Pikes, and the Royal Arrnou-
ry at Manila is altogether ftornilh’d with
them. In the Province of Camarines,
they make Pillars of them, fo that all
the Houfe is made of Cane. The thin-
ileft part ferves for Captains Canes,af-
ter the S/><*»//bfalhion, and walking Hicks
as every body knows ; and when fplit,
to bind, make Baskets, Boxes, Chelts,
Hoods for Francifcans, and many other
ufes the Indians put it to.
I here are allb abundance of Sugar
Canes, Ginger, Indigo, and 1 abacco.
the The Batatas very Nourilhing to the In- Btuuti
dians, and much valu’d by the Spaniards,
are of feveral kinds; as are the Camotes, Camoteu
which look like great Radilhes, and have
a Pleafant tafte and fmell. The Glabis GUbiu
are like great Pine-Apple Nuts, and
boil’d, ferve the Indians inftead of Bread,
and the Spaniards inftead of Turnips in
the Pot, and the Leaves make Soupe.
The Vbis is as big as a Pompion, and the vbjfm
Plant like Ivy. The Xicamas tafte like xicmtn
the Vbis and Batatas, are eaten preferv’d
or raw with Pepper and Vinegar, like
Cardoons; for when frelh they are Jui-
cy and Wholefome. The Wild Corots, Caron*
tafte like a Pear, and the Plant is like
Ivy. The Wild Taylan has great Leaves, TyUm
and taftes like the Batatas. There is
fuch vaft Plenty of all thefe Roots
throughout the Blands, that manythou-
fands of Savage Men, live on them, as
has been faid elfewhere.
The Pinnas, by the Portnguefe call d Pmui*
Ananas, have the firft of thefe Names,
from their likenefs, with the Pine-Ap-
ple-Nut. They are much valu d for then
Smell, Colour, and Tafte ^ and they aie
prefer v’d to eat after Dinner. At that
time they help Digeftion j but eaten Faft-
ing, tho’ they create an Appetite, they
are not wholefome. A Knife lluck for
half an Hour in one of thefe Pinnas, lo-
fes its Temper.
There are abundance of odoriferous
Herbs, and Flowers in the Iflands, grow*
ing
*
 1■
w n p n rw g q m p w w w F w "■
" ':: ■■■. -
r ** 'w w - i w r * r y r - wvr-''. f’^ W K m & W m *
' W ^ V
f‘v.v "•>
' V :
W y - . - «■/•• ■ ■ '.A"’ ;'■V:, -;■•
^
v.vh'^:-;; v!*^

S t
■

462 ^ Voyage round the W O R L D. Book II.

rsjv ^ O ing of themfelves naturally in the Fields, of any Danger ; and the Enemies Swords
Ctmelli. without any Labour of the Indians, who and Spears, are made no account Of.
rd 9 7 * make their Benefit of them. It is no The greateft wohderis, that the Wounds
W V V J wonder they do notapply themfelves to of thofe who have taken, it will not
Improve them, fince they can fcarce be Bleed; if the Governor of Samboangtm
perfuaded to Sow their Rice and for fpoke Truth, in the Account he gave of
this reafon there are not fuch fine Gar- it, to him of - Manila, as did lever a1 Je-
dens in M anila, as in Europe, and but fuit Millioners that had been with him.
few Flowers in thofe of the Monalte- They added that there were two other
ties, and belonging to the Spaniards. wonderful Herbs; one o f which apply'd
flowers. The firlt place is due to the Flower to the Reins, makes a Man fenfible of
* * * * * of Zampaga. It is like the Ponugaefe no wearinefs ; the other held in the
Mogorin, tU t is, like a little white Rofe, Mouth, prevents fainting, and gives a
with the three rows of Leaves, much Man fuch Vigor, that in the ftrerigth of
fweeter than the Jafemin of Europe, it, a Man may travel two days without
There is another call’d Solafos of a fweet Eating.
Scent, and two forts of it ; befides a The Iflands being hot and rnoift, and Venomous
Wild one, call’d Locoloco, which Smells not well cultivated, abundance of Veno- Cr«»tures
like Gloves. The Balanay, otherwife mous Creatures breed in all parts ; and an/ !Vege*
call’d Torongil, and Damoro has a fmall the Ground produces Herbs, Flowers,taWes*
Seed that Smells like Baum. It is good and Roots of the lame vile Quality ; in­
fer the Stomach, and the Richelt Per- fomuch that they not only kill thofe’that
fens mix it with the Betle. The Dafo touch or tafte them, but even infeSthe
has an Aromatick Root, fwelllng like Air about them; and for this reafon it is
Ginger, and the Fields are full of it; as. that fo many dye, at the time that fuch
alfo of the other kind of it, which is Plants and Trees Bloilbm. But on the
hotter, and Wronger, call’d Langcovas. other fide , Providence has f urni.fh’d
The Cabling is fweet green, but more thofe fame Iflands, with feveral forts of
when dry. The Tala is alfo an odorife- excellent Antidotes, among which the
rous Herb, and more fragrant than the Preference mull be given to the Betoar Beroar,
Calaton-don; of which, they make fweet Stone, found in the Belly o f Deer, and
Water. The Sarafa, or Oja de S. Juan Goats. The M ahm gd powder’d, and
is lightly, and has long Leaves, with given in luke warm Water, and in Oyl
white and green .Stripes. of Cocos, is d molt powerful Remedy,
Medicinal As for Medicinal Herbs, no Ifland in againft Malignant and Peftilential Fe-
Wtabs. the World abounds in them fo much as vers. The Leaves of the Alipayon,
the Philippines, for befides Sage, St. M a- which are like thofe of the Plantan
rfs-w ort, Baum, Houfe-lick, and others Purge, or Cleanfe any Sore wonderful-
known in Europe, they have many pecu- ly, making the Flelh grow up, without
liar. The Herb call’d del Polio, is like any other help, but now and then, chang-
Purcelane, and grows every where, ing new Leaves. The Root of the D i-
They have given it this Name, becaufe Uo, which is like Ginger, has an adhii-
m a very Ihort time, it cures any rable Virtue for healing of Wounds
Wounds their Game-Cocks receive, and Venomous Thorns,applying it bruif
Pan/ipan is a taller Herb, with a white cd and boiled with Oyl of Cocos.
Flower like the Bean bloilom. Pound- An Herb by the Spaniards, call’d de
ed and laid on Wounds, it loon draws Csdebras, or of Snakes, and by the Td-
out any Poyfbn, and cleanles all Cor- galians Tarogtong, is excellent for join-
ruption. The Golondrina and Celidonia, ing together, and knitting of parts that
Ipeedily cure the Flux. There is alfo have been fever’d, fo that the Snakes
the Herb del Sapo, and many others fometimes cut in two, heal themfelves
of great Virtue. In the Iflands of with it. The like Virtue is in a fort of
Mindanao and Koto, there are alfo ma- Wood , call’d D ollon. The Amuyon
ny Herbs peculiar to them, to heal bears a Fruit like a Nut, of a biting tafte,
Wounds in a fhort time; for drinking a like Pepper, and good for any Diftcm-
Decoaion of them, and applying the pers in the Belly, proceeding from Cold,
Herb to die Wound, it heals in 24 Hours, The Pandacaque bruis’d , and apply’d
There is another they ufeafter the fame hot, helps Women in Labour. The
manner as the Turks do Opium, to put Tree Camandag is lb Venomous, that
them befides themfelves, before they the Pilchards eating the Leaves that fall
jom Battle. It takes away the right ufe into the Sea, die, and kill thofe that
of Reafon, fo that there remains no fear eat of them. The Liquor flows from
• the

* * .\#i ■ '

Chap. Vi.
C s J^ / \ the Trunk of the Tree, ferVes thofe
Gcmetti. People to Poifon the points of their Ar-
1697. rows. The very fhaddow of the Tree
G 'V S J is fo DdtruQive, that as Far as it reach-
es no Herb, or Grafs grows, and if
tranfplanted, it kills all the other Trees
In the place, except only a fmall Shrub,
which is an Antidote againft, and al-
ways with it. A bit of a Twig of this
Shrub, or a Leaf carry’d in a Man’s
Mouthy is a fecurity againft the Venom
of the Tree, and therefore the Indians
are never without it. The Earth of St.
/W,has alfo been found to be a Powerful
Antidote. . . . .
The Maca fiuhay, which fignifies Gi-
ver of Life, is a fort of Ivy, which
grows about any Tree, and grows as
thick as a Man’s Finger. It calls out
feme long Twigs, like Vine-branches,
whereof the Indians make Bracelets, to
wear againft any Poifon. The Juice of
this Plant is very bitter,. The Root of
the Bales taken on the Eaft fide, and ap-
ply’d bruis’d to any Wound, heals it
ttt 24 Hoiirs, better than ahy Dallam,
This Tree groWs among Buildings, lild
does fb pierce them with its Roots, that
It overthrows Palaces, It alfo glows
on the Mountains, and becaufe it there
grows to anexceffive bignefs, it is much
honour’d by the Indians.
There ate many other Trees and
Plants, that have notable Virtues in the
Iflands, of which Brother George Carrol, a.
German, and Apothecarry to the Col-
..................IIt niiMin. l i ft in
MndMuo 1\ J \ dneUnae, and Xolo being reckoned
deferib’d, JLVJL
among the Pbiltppine-lihnds, and
we having omitted before, to relate
fome particular Circumftanccs concern-
ing them, it will be proper before we
procecd any further, to give a fhort ac-
count of them. Mindanao is the next
Ifland to Manila in greatnefs, its lhape
almoft Triangular, ending in the three
famous Promontories of Sambaangan,
Cape St. Augnftin, and Cape Suliago. Be-
tween &i/*<»gtf,andCape St.^/iv«j?»»,which
lie North, and South is the Province of
the Warlike Caragas. Between Suliago,
which points to the North Eaft, and
Samboangan, is the Province of Jlligan,
the Jurisdiction of Dapitan, and the Peo-
pie call’d Subands. Samboangan, and Cape
St. Auguftm lie Eaft, and Weft, and the
People of them, on the one fide, and
Vf .V r- ■ "
■ \
it * '
' /^\ "f^ l
JL—
Of the Philippine ifldtids. 463
lege of die Jefiiitsat M anila, has given
an exaft Defcription, in two Volumes
in Folio, with the Draughts of them, fo
exactly to the Life, that any Man ha-
ving the Book, may eafiiy know them in
the Field. He has alio fet down their
Virtues, and the manner how they are
to be prepar’d. This is the Work and
Labour of fifteen years, he having gain’d
the Knowledge of them, by means of
the Indians, who are extraordinary Bo-
tanifts 3 and it very well deferves to be
Printed for the Publick Benefit, which
I do not omit to declare to the Father,
Vice-Provincial, and the brother him-
felf.
Among the fenfitive Plants, which are Senfitiv£
a Meditin'! between Plants, and Animals Plant;
as Pliny obferves, lib. 9. cap. 45, befides
the Spngna and Sea Nettle, there is one
in the lilands, in all Refpe&s like a Cole-
wort. This was found out in the Year
164.1, by a Souldier of the Garrifon of
the Coaft of Ibabao, who going to pull
it tip, faw it fled from his Hand, and
drew back to the Rock, which was un-
der Water in the Sea. There is ano-
thcr more wonderful, which grows on
St. Peter’s Hills, about Manila, not ve-
fy Tall, and with little Leaves, which
wherllbever it is touch’d, tho’ never lp
lightly, draws back, and clofes all its
I,eaves hard together. For this reafon
the Spaniards call it, la Vergen cofa, that
is, The Bajhful.
' " ------- ----- — .---- --- -- ----- >,..... . ..... ............. --- -------------
CHAP. VI.
Of the 1(lands of Mindanao, and Xolo.
the other, Border upon the Provinces of
Babayev, and Mindanao. Its Situation
is in the Latitude of fix degrees, in which
lies Cape St. Auguftin, to ten and a half
where is Cape Suliago. Its compafs is a-
bout 300 Leagues, but has fo many long
Points running out into the Sea, and
deep Bays, that a Man may go acrofs it
in a Day and a half. It lies South Eaft
o f Manila, and 200 Leagues from it.
About it there are many Iflands 3 among
thofe that are inhabited, is Xolo, thirty
Leagues diftartt from Samboangan 3 Ba­
lijdn divided by a Streight of 4 Leagues 3
S<«v^w/,tbe Peninfala of Santrdnguan^nA
others.
Mindanao being lb far ftretch’d out and
divided, partakes of feveral Climates,
and is eacompafs’d by Stormy Seas, ef-
ptcially on the Coaft of Caragas. That
part ,
"* s' *
*
.
*-9 i .
<t«S i
 ' en°5\x\
— *
f(D !
464 Voyage round the W O R L D.
( V A / i part which is fubjed to the Government
Gemelli. 0f Samboangan is moft Temperate, the
*697- Winds Pleafant, Storms Rare, and Rain
Scarce. The Provinces of Mindanao
and Buhayen, Subjed to two Moorijh
Kings, are Boggy and unealieto Live in
by reafon of the Gnats. There are
throughout the Ifland about 20 Naviga-
ble Rivers, and above 200 little Ones.
The moft remarkable are Buhayen and
Butuan, both flowing from the fame
Spring, but fee firft runs towards the
Court of M indanao ; the other towards
the North, and falls into the Sea inflight
bf Bahol and Leyte. The third River
call’d Sikuguey rifts near Dapitan, and
with its Waters divides the Territory of
Mindanao from that of Samboangan.
There are alfo two Lakes, the onecall’d
of Mindanao, which in that Language
fignifies, a Man of a Lake, and gives its
Name to all the Country.' This is ve-
ry large and cover’d with a fort of Herbs
they call Tanfon, that fpread themfelves
in many Branches over the Water,
The other, being eight Leagues in Com-
pafs, is in the oppolite fide of the I-
Hand, and known by the Name of Ma-
lanao. All the Country, except near
the Sea is Mountainous, yet abounds in
R ice, and produces very nourifhing
Roots, as Batatas, Vbis, Gaves, viperes
and others. There are infinite numbers
of the Palm-Trees call’d Saga, of whofe
Meal they make Bread and Bisket,
throughout all the Ifland of Mindanao,
but especially on the Coaft of Caragos,
near the River Bataan.
Mindanao produces all the forts of
Its Pro- prujt the other Iflands do, and the Du-
jDurims. rwni bef°re fp°ke of, over and above.
But it is to be obferv’d, befides what
has already been faid of it, that its
Rind is not very hard, and opens as it
Ripens. Within it are three or four
Kernels, cover’d with a foft white Sub-
ftance; and a fort of Nut, like the Ker-
nel in a Prune Stone, which is eaten
rofted like Chefnuts. It is of the Na-
ture of the Fruit of the Eaft; viz.. That
it is gather’d Green, to Ripen in the
Houfe. There are abundance of them
all the way from Dapitan to Samboangan,
for 60 Leagues in length, more efpecial-
ly on the high Land of Dapitan, but
above all in the Iflands of Xolo and Baft-
lan. They fay the Tree ftands 20 Years
before it Bears,
Cinnamon The Cinnamon is a Tree peculiar to
Mindanao, grows on the Mountains with-
out any Improvement, and has no own-
er but him that firft finds it. For this
t i( ) C
v
-> 1S .,'%l ■;
Book H.
reafon every one , to prevent anothers
making his Advantage of it, takes off
the Bark before it is Ripe} and fo tho’
at firft it be ftrong like that of Ceilon,
yet in a frnall time, and at fartheft in
two Years it lofes all its Taft and Vir-
tue. It is gather’d in 25 Villages, and
about as many Rivers of the Coaft of
Samboangan, towards Dapitan on high
and craggy Mountains} andinoneVil-
lage of the Province of Cagayan.
The Inhabitants of Mindanao find Gold.
good Gold digging deep into theGround,
as alfo in the Rivers making Trenches,
before the Flood. There is Sulphur . ,
enough in the burning Mountains, the Mi p 1 r'
Antienteft of which is Sanxil, in the
Territory of Mindanao. In 1540. a
high Mountain broke out, and fo cloud-
ed the Air, Land and Sea with its Allies,
that it look’d like Doomsday.
In the Sea of this Ifland and that of Pearls,
Xolo there are large Pearls taken. It has Birds amj
all the Birds of the other Iflands, and Beafts.
among the reft the Carpintera, which,
as I faid before, finds out the Herb that
makes Iron fly. There are alfo Multi-
tudes of all forts of Beafts , as wild
Boars, Goats and Rabbets} butaboveall
in lafcivious Baboons, which fufftr not
the Women to go far from their Habi-
tations.
Thirty Leagues South Weft of M in - . n ,
danao, is the famous Ifland of Xolo, Go- ‘ 001 an
vern’d by a King of its own. All the
Ships of Borneo touch there, and it may
well be call’d the Mart of all the Moorifh
Kingdoms. The Air is wholfome and
frefh by reafon of the frequent Rains,
which make the Land Fruitful in Rice.
This only Ifland of all the Philippines
breeds Elephants; and by reafon the I- Elephants^
flanders do not tame them, as they do 1
in Siam and Camboya they are mightily
increas’d. There are alfo Goats with
fine fpottcd Skins like Leopards. A-
mong the Birds, that which builds a Neft
like a Sparrow, call’d Salangan, is the
rareft. For Fruit it produces the Dun- Frujt<
on, abundance of Pepper, which they
gather Green, and a peculiar fort of
Fruit call’d of Paradice, and by the Spa-
niards, the King’s Fruit, becaufe it is
found no where but in his Garden. It is
as big as a common Apple, of a purple
Colour , and has little white Kernels
like Cloves of Garlick, enclos’d in a
thick Shell like a piece of Sole-leather.
and is of a delicious Taft. As for
Herbs either Wholefome or Venomous,
it produces all that have been deferib’d
above; but the Natives make Ipecial
Uffc.n )

Chap. VI.
fX A X J life of one call’d Vbosbamban to lharpen
GcmelLi. the Appetite. Choice Pearls are taken
1 $ 97- here, and the Divers before they link
to the Bottom anoint their Eyes with the
Blood of a white Cock. The Sea throws
up abundance of Amber on the Shore,
whilft the Winds call’d Fcndavates, which
are South and Southwell do not prevail,
that is, from May till September. Some
% the Whale vomits it up, others that
it is the Excrement of a greater Fifti,
call’d Gadiamina, others that it is the
Root of a large Odoriferous Tree.
The lfland of Bafilan is three Leagues
from Mindanao, and twelve Leagues in
Compafs. Being oppolite to Samhan-
gars, k may be call’d the Garden that
furnilhes it with Blantons, Sugar-Canes,
Oaves and Lawnones. The Fruit in the
Bland de-los-Pintados call’d Boaba, is no
bigger than a Nut, and within its Shell
has three or four very fwcet Kernels,
io delicious that a Man may eat a prodi-
gious Quantity without being cloy’d.
The Durion or Dalian, as the Wanders
\ call it, is here found in great Plenty,
The Marm in the Bland of Leyte call’d
Tugup, has a downy Rind; when Ripe
it is as big as a Melon, and within con-
tains fmall Kernels, like the A t as and
tht Cirimajas of New Spain; theFlelh is
faft and fiivory. The Mow without is
like a Qpince, and within it is a Kernel
with the rhicknefs of a Finger of Fie 11a
about it. When Green it is pickled in
Vinegar. The Bland abounds in Rice,
differing in Colour, Smell and Quality ;
thunks to the Rivers, Which are great
and troublefome to crofs, tho" the Bland
be fmall. In the Woods there is ao
want of wild Boars and Deer, nor of
good Timber for Building. The Sea,
belides fome Fifties known in Europe,
has others peculiar to it; good Tortoifes
of the ad fort, that is, fuch as are va-
iuable for their Shell, and two forts of
jett.
The inha • There are four principal Nations in
bitants. a" Mindanao, whichave the Mindanaos, Ca-
ragas, Lntaos and Sitbanos. T h e Caragas
are Btave both by Sea and Land. The
Mindanaos Faithlefs, as being Mahome-
tans. The Lntaos, anew Nation in all
the three Iflands of Mindanao, Xolo and
Bafilan, live in H oufes built on the Tops
of Trees, on the Banks of Rivers, which
at Flood cannot be crofs’d a-fboc; for
Lmao in their Language lignilies a Man
that fwims on the Water. Thefe Men
are fuch Enemies to the Land, that they
take no Pains for Sowing, but live the
(' belt they can upon Fifhing, wandring
Vol. IV.
• \ I ’
* * /'■
:.';v'■ 0 ■ A'VCV;;;’,::
/ '
ft
II;
<SL
Of the Philippine Iflanck 465
about the Sea of Mindanao, mlo and
Bafilan. Yet thf-y are cunning Traders,
and wear Tnrbants, and ufe the lair-
Weapons the Moors do, as Traficking,
and being in Amity with thofe of Borneo
The SsJbdnos, .that is, Dwellers on Rt-
vers, for Sub* iigaifies a Ri ver, are the
leaft look’d upon of any People in the
Ifland, as being Bale and T reacherous.
They never depart from the Rivers,
where they prtfcl upon; Jong Timbers,
fo high thac there is no reaching their
Neft with a Pike; they climb up to it
at Night by a Pole faftned to it for that
pnrpofe. They are as it were Valla Is
to the Lntaos. The Damians fnrpafs all
the four Nations before-mention'd for
Valour and Wifdmn; and there i . no
doubt but they were very aHaling to
the Spaniards in Conquering the Blands,
The Inland is lubje& to the Moon-
tain People, who being fond of Sloth
and Liberty, keep there without any i
Inclination tocotne down to the Sea, or /
love of Tillage; and being thus grown
wild for want of Commerce, gaveftran-
ger3 an Opportunity of poffefflng thein-
felvesof the forfaken Shore and Rivers,
There are aifo in Mindanao fome
Blacks, lik o Ethiopians, who own no S»-
perior, no more than thole of the Bland
of Blacks, and Mountains of Manna-,
but live like Bealls converling with
none, and doing harm to all they can.
They .have no fctied Place of abode, and
in all the bad Weather have no flicker,
but the Trees. Their Gloaths are fuch
as Nature gave them, for they never
cover fo much as that which ought to
be hid. Their Weapons are Bows and
Arrows, They reap no other Fruit of
their Barbarity, bat Liberty,
The generality of the Bihabitants of ,
chefe Iflands are Heathens; but from
Sanxil to Samboargan the People along
the Coaft are Mahometans; more parti-
cularly in the Iflands of Bafilan and Xolo,
which are as it were the Metropolis of
that Superftition, and the Mecca of the
Archipelago; bccaufe the firft Teacher
of it is bury’d there, of whom the gid-
dy Pleaded Cafikes tell a thoufand Fables.
The Spaniards at their coming deft toy :d
bis Tomb. However, to lay the truth,
they are generally Atheifts, and thole
that have any Religion are Sorcerers,
The Mahometans know nothing of their
Superftition belides eating no Swines
Fielh, being Circumcis’d and keep-
ing many W ives; tho’ they all agree in
giving their Minds to Ohfervations and
Auguries upon every lighc Accident,
Nnn Tii«
|
: - ;
. ^'4 : >*> . i
I
.
I
III
^66 /4 Voyage round the "W O R L D .
t h e Devil appears to Lome of them.
f CtmellL becanfe they call upon him in Tim e of
1607. need, and offer Sacrifice to him. 1 he
Mountaniers are abfolute Atheifts, for
they have not the leaft fign of a Mofque-,
or other Place of Prayer. They are
very temperate, contenting themfelves
with a little boil’d Rice, and where that
is not to be had, with Roots o f Trees ;
without making ufe of any Spice whe-
ther they are Rich or Poor; the better
fort when they have a Deer, Goat, or
Filh, tiling no other Seafoning but Salt
Hab‘ts. and Water. Their Cloaths are plain,
for being Enemies to Society, every
Man is his own Taylor. One and the
fame Garment ferves for Breeches, Dou-
blet and Shirt. By their fide they wear
Daggers after their Falhion, with gilt
Hilts. Over their Breeches they bind
about them a Piece of the Country Stuff;
fo broad that it hangs down to their
Knees, and on their Heads wear a Moo-
rijb Turbant. The Women in the Day
time wear a Sack inftead o f a Petti-
coat, which at Night ferves for Sheet,
Blanket and Quilt, upon a feurvy Mat.
Y et they wear rich Bracelets.
r r- T he lictle Wooden Houfes are cover’d
l0Ue” with Mats; the Ground is all their Seat;
the Leaves o f Trees Plates and Dilhes;
the Canes large Velfels, and the Cocos
drinking Cups.
As to their Manners they are more
C uftom s. g ar[wrou5 than the other Mahometans;
for if the Father lays out any Mony for
his Son, or raafoms him out o f Slavery,
he keeps him as his Slave; and the Son
does the fame by his Father. For any
little Kindaefs they do, they deprive
hiin that receives it of his Liberty; and
for the Crime o f one Man make Slaves
o f all the Kindred. They do much
W rong to Strangers that deal with them,
and the Purfe pays for all. He that is
taken in Adultery buys himfelf off with
Mony, this being look’d upon as no
Difgrace among them. They abhor
n °ntoT Theft. Inceft in the firft Degree is Pu-
Xoio. nilh’d with D eath; that is, calling the
Criminal into the Sea in a Sack. Law
Suits are foon decided, without many
Formalities, either in Civil or Criminal
Cafes. The King o f Xolo for the Ad-
xniniftration o f Juftice has a Governor,
whom they call larabandal, which is the
fupream Honour at Court. T he great
Ones opprefs the Poor, becaufe the King
is not abfolute enough. T here are de-
grees of N obility ; as o f Tuam , that
is, Lord ; Otancayas, Rich Man; and
Lords of Vaffals. la Mindanao the
bfeB
..... _
<SL
Book II.
Princes of the Blood-Royal are call’d
Cacdes.
T h e Subanos of the Mountains o f Of the
Xolo and Mindanao have a more barba- Subanos.
rous Government than the reft. They
do not go to W ar one Nation againft
another, or one Village againft another;
but, like Enemies o f humane kind, they
all endeavour to deftroy one another ;
for they know no other Power or An­
thority but what is got by Force and
Violence. They have no other way to
T r y their Caufes, but the Power o f the 1
Party griev’d to take Revenge, which j
yet in the moft heinous Cafes is molli-
fy ’d with Gifts. For this Reafon, when ?
one o f the Subanos deligns to Commie a 1
Murder fafely, he firft heaps up a Sum
o f Mony to pay for it; that he may af-
terwards be admitted to the number o f
brave Men, and as fuch wear the Red
Turbant. More Cruelty is us’d among
the Caracas, where to have the privi-
lege o f wearing a Turbant o f leveral
Colours, call’d Baxachc, they muft kill
feven, as has been hinted before, and
therefore for this inhuman Vanity, they
do not fpare even their Friends, when-
foever they catch them Sleeping or Un-
provided.
A t the Funerals o f their Dead they Funerals>
are very Religious and Bountiful con-
lidering their Poverty, for they fpend all
they have, Cloathing the dead Body in
new Garments, and laying rich Tilfueo-
ver them. About the Grave they plant
Palm-Trees and Flow ers; and if the
Perfon deceas’d was a Prince or King,
they burn Perfumes, and cover the Tomb
with a Pavillion, placing four white Ban-
ners on the fides. Formerly they flew
others to bear the dead Man company,
and call: all the beft Things they had
into the Sea, , particularly the Lutaos.
T o put themfelves in mind o f Death,
they make their Coffin whilft Living,
and always keep ic in light in their
Houfes. A Cuftom obferv’d by the
Chinejes, and which ought to be imica-
ted by Chriftians.
T he Women are Chaft and Modeft, Marriages
a Virtue much forwarded by their De-
formity. Their Marriages are celebra-
ted with much State; that is, Treating
the Company a whole Fortnight, or
rather making them D rin k, wherein
confifts all the Satisfa&ion. T he Bride
is generally carry’d in State, in a Palan-
quine or Chair on Mens Shoulders; the
Kindred and Friends attending her with
their Swords and Bucklers, and Mulick.
The Bridgroom comes to meet her with V
h'<' ,..;i
" y *' * Iff '
 ■ G°iJx
fl|
~Chap. VII. Of the Philippine Iflands.
fV A y^ his Company j and when they have ac-
Gemclli. cepted of one another, the Bride re -
1697. mains Clad in White, and the Husband
changes his Garments into Red. When
they come to the Houfe, they all make
Merry with Modefly and Plenty.
Boats. The Boats of thefe Iflanders are few’d
together with Canes fplit, and on the
fides have Fences made of Cane, that
they may not overfet.
Weapons. Their Weapon in the Town is a
Dagger with a flaming Blade. The
great Men have Ivory, or Gold Hilts,
In their Wars by Land they ufe a Lance,
and round Buckler ; whereas in all the
other Iflands it is long and narrow, to
cover all the Body. Upon Sea, befides
the Weapons already mention’d, they
ufe Bagavayes. Thefe are ftnall Canes,
about fiie thicknCft of a Finger, hardaed,
• and made (harp, which darted ftrike
through a Board.
The M ahom etans, whofe Original is
from Borneo, brought thence the life of
the Trunk, through which they Shoot
little poifon’d Arrows, with the help
of a little Paper which if they make
but a flight Wound are Mortal j unleft
CHAP.
O f the Molucco Iflands, and others in that Archipelago,
H E M oImco Hlands lying within
T the Line of the Sbdhijh Conquefts,
and having been formerly under the Go-
vernor of Manila (whofe Jurifdidion
we have here propos’d to fpeak) whilft
the Grown of Portugal was united to
that of Caflile, it will be proper to give
fome Account of them.
Moloc is a Malay Word, deriv’d frdm
the Hebrew, Malach, fignifying the
Head of a great Things and the A *-
Utcco Iflands were ever the chief of all
the Archipelago. They are feated un~
der the Line, 300 Leagues Eaft of Ma-
lata, and as much South-Weft of Ada-
nila. There are five in Number, and
lie in fuch Order for 25 Leagues North
and South, along the Country call’d Be-
tochina del More, that they are always
in fight one of the other. The firft and
chief of them is on the North fide, and
rem.it!. call’d T erranate, or Ternate, fix Leagues
and a half in compafs. Som place it in
half a Degree of North Latitude, others
in but twenty Minutes. In it is a burn-
ing Mountain, whofe largeft Mouth oil
the top is a Stones throw over ; the
otber two are lefs, one on the Eaft fide
Vol. IV.
- / ■ ^
' « 'ISlc'*’'''1' I
■: ; J ff
» v % v- *v/ . . ' ' - , " . V ;-v".
(s i .
^ 467
the Antidote be prefencly apply’d, and
particularly human Dung, found by EX-
perience to be a fure P-referVative.
The People of Xolo, call’d A'emhanis
are Refolute, and wear white Armour.
The Mindanaos befides the Lance, Dag-
ger, and Buckler, carry a heavy cutting
Scimicar, like the Inhabitants of J e r -
mate.
About the Lake of Mdmao, there
are feveral Villages of Moors, and Gen-
tils, govern’d by a petty King indepen-
dent of him of M n d a n fa who could
never Subdue them. Their Food is Rice|
and fome Roots ; their poor Garments
of Hemp, dy'd Blew. The Commo-
nalty are Heathens } thef better fort
Mahometans, and have no Commumca-
tion with the others. This Lake is Tri-
angular, feated in a pleafant Place, be-
tween the Coaflr that looks towards Bo-
hoi, ten Leagues diftant, and that of
Mindanao, an hundred Leagues diftant
by Sea, and fifteen at moft by l,and. It
has a Point of Laud running out four
Leagues Eaftward, and another three
Leagues Southward, both well Peopled,
VII.
towards the Malay Sea* the other on
the North-Weft over T a co m e about Burning
them all three there is much Sulphur Mountain,
gather’d. The greateft quantity of Fire,
Smoke, aftOflhes ufually gullies out in
April and September. Yet in 164.8, or.
the 15th of June it did a Yaft deal of
Mifchief, for three Days without Inter-
million •, calling out befides Flames,
Smoke and Afhes, burning Stones for a
great diftance, which burnt all that came
in their way ; fo that they reduced %
Village of Moors call’d de la Sula to
Afhes. All the while this lafted the
Ifland was continually in Motion, a
dreadful Noife being heard in the Sub­
terraneous Caverns, like the Hammer-
ing in a Forge, and now and then like
firing of Guns. .
The Country is all Mountainous* and
alrnoft inacceflible by reafon of its tall
thick Trees, with abundance of Indian
Canes, and Roots almoft wove together,
The Clicyate is Hot and Dry. Ihere
are" no Rivers, nor Springs, but only
One Lake •, and yet the plentiful Rains
make it extraordinary Fruitful, and al-
ways Green. On the Hills the Winds
N nn 2 «r<S
1
.3
I , .,.«H
111 §L
■ G°*Sx *

\ 1 k !5 4 /

______ _______ _ - - - -------------- •

^ — y4 Voyage round the W O R L D. Book U,

*.— *— —--------—77-------“ “t"? *u 0 Krvrmms the H e a t titu d e o f Sn ak es, o f a p ro d ig io u s B ig -
a re C o ld •, and in the boL,L° dc e rh e nefs, w h o fe G a ll is a M e d icin e a g a m ft
C em elli. c o n fid e rin g the L a titu d e , M od erate- I ne
1697. P ro v ilio n s dre H eader, and not 1 - - A m o n g th e o th e r k inds o f P a r r o t s ,
V ' Y ' V ) in g . . , Klrtw(. iie re th e re is one T a m e and T r a & a b l e e -
T h e S o u t h - W e ft W i n d r o w s . c a ll’d C a r n e s , all W h i t e , T a l k s
w it h o u t its natu ral r M o . . L i t t ?e, and m ak es m uch N o ife . T h ere
th e c o n tra r y palling J Monnel, a re H e r b s o f fin g u la r V i r t u e , a ll w e ll
M o u n ta in o f d ^ the C lo v e is k n o w n b y the N a t i v e s , w h o m ak e ufe o f
an d T tdore at Inch tu n e in g . t iietn in le v e r a l D ife a fe s.
in Bloffbm , and lh e N u t ™ ,g fo l t h a t gic’ G n the E a ft fide o f th e Ifland to w a r d s
k *r r nth^ m n 5 s ane lp c c ia lly riiat th e y th e M o u n ta in , a L a k e ftre tc h e s it fe lf
cau fes D a m p e r s , efpe V ^ o u t f o r ab o u t hai£ a L e a g u e , its W a t e r
c a ll B e r b e r , a f f ™ r a re o f g 0 0 d and f w e e t , and has no b o tto m m
D ife a fe . L h e r e o p i e 01 i t , th e m id d le . B e in g n ear th e Se a it F lo w s
th e fam e C o lo u r , as the - M y\ y > and £b t)Sj b re e d s n o f o rt 0 f F ifh , and
is, a little d a rk e r than th o fe th e fe a re f o m e tim es C r o c o d ils feen
lippme lflan d s, handfom , Jk ;’ en jb j t The M oors h ad th o u g h ts o f c u t-
th e M e n b e tte r (hap’d t h a n t h e Wcamien. n .t. 1“ " ; . b e tw e e n th e L a t e
m b it. T h e g r e a fe ft R i d e o f 1 b oth S o ? « “ “f i e s e a t o m ak e a g o o d H a r b o u t,
d e c k in g th etr H a i r , w h i c h ' t h e y a n o m t t W r H a n d s to fo
v m h .O d o f a fw jj. * ™eam H ero grea£ m U nderta‘ k in g .
g r o w in g in th e Jndi > i ' d Two Leagues fro m Ternate is t h e Ttdore.
w h ic h has a v e r y fm a ll in .p id S e e d , w h ic h ;S a ilo rs p lace in
whereof they make Comfi P » Minutes of North Latitude. It
and put to other Ufe • The Men w ^ H fcfian Termte^ as weI1
it dow n to th e ir Shou dei's , h ^ r e a fo n o f th e W i n d s , as b ecau fe th e
m e n , as lo n g as th e y can._ A L . F r u it fu l •, w h ic h is in fo m e

* * ■ £ W s a “ f o n o f B re e c h e s d o w n M e a fu r c th e b e t te r , f o r n o t h a r in g been
v e r a l C o lo u r s , a. i ° r i : o i ven f 0 m u c h w a fte d w it h W a r as Ternate.
t o th e K n e e , and * ' F oot e d, I t is fo m e w h a t b ig g e r in C o m p a fs , th at
th e b e ll a m o n g t h e m 'b e i n g !r a r e t o o t , ^ ^ f o m in L e llg th .

an d _ b a re L e g g d . a b o u t th eb . O n th e So u th fide it has a b u rn in g M o u n -
a p ie c e o f . • j^ n e e s . tain fte e p e r th an th at o f Ternate, fr o m
W a f t e h a n g in g d o w n to t i e > h f ld e s w h e r e o f th e re flo w fe v e r a l h ot
o v e r w h ic h th e y h ave an o th e r o f b e tte r tn e i m e s ^ n ^ f o r m an y
V a lu e w h ich fe rv e s fo r an u p p e r C m . £ P e o p le a re W a r l i k e ,
T h e D o u b le t is o f th e f a m e f o F a s t h e u u te n p ^ ^ Qr th ir ty
M e n s, b u t u p o n it th e y h a v e a n c h p i e c e d ^ wkh or 70C0 M en. The
o f S ilk and C o t to n C lo t h , n ; fd t j ^ ore o r G am olam o ,
They liv e M i f e r a b ly , M e a l U h e o th e r ^ r ‘ £S g r e a t ^ illa g e , a P ]a c e

M ah om etans, u p o n B read £ ’ d f t r o n g ly Situ ated . T h e little Ifland o f

elfc ^ U v^to n hun- S S
. is half a League diftant from
Camotes ■, and yet they L and i$ tw0 Leagues in compais.
dred Years of without■ x h ^ principal Produd of Ttdore, and
A s to their Behavio y natural to it is Clove, as at Ternate \
troubled with Religion, an A s but at prefent the Natives do not 1m-
Honetty. The M=n are ,„chn d « Arms, thc Trade is decay’d,
the Women to Sloath. The S ^ Pnd the King takes lt from them by way
xs generally that oi^the'• M *'*).' ^ chkf of Tribute. After they have gather’d
Weapons thofe Iflan(J’ .fl al] the C iove, follows the Nutmeg,
and almoft only P Jd u ft o of which there is great Plenty. The
before the Spamardi( came J ^ ards Moors haVe apply’d themfelves to Sow-
Cloves, and Nutmegs,_ but ing Gf Maiz., or Indian Wheat, and
the 1 Handers in Hatred to p » g b their chief Suftenance is Saga.
went about d e ftro y g Kice, ^ threg ^ .
A t p re fe n t th e re . uPf!qllre 0 f th em th e y call Atiloche1 that is , m o ift
In d ia n W h e a t , o r o th e r ^ h W o o d , becaufe the B o d y , B ra n ch e s, an d
o f the W a r •, w h e re a s o th e r w iie th e w ooa, d r o p p in g W a t e r , o f
Soil might produce abundance The Sea U a r e ar y PI
abounds in a 1 fo rts o f F ^ , he M o u n _ a jr e ^ ^ ^ ^ fr0 [n

sSfc an infinite mul- whofe Bark cut like a Spout there ring

U T®
(|||
Chap, VII. Of the Philippine Hlands.
rvA y^i fo much Water, that it ftippUes the Want
Gemdli. of Brooks and Springs. The third is of
1697. a pernicious Quality, for the Wind that
'A \ * pafles between its Leaves fcorches what
it meets, as does its Shade. None o f
thele Trees bears any Fruit, but their
Leaves are always Green.
Muriel. Mattel, or Timor, the third of the
five Iflandsof Ternate lies diredly under
the Line, and is a league from Pulicabello.
The Land is high and defert becaufe lla-
healthy, but produces Clove.
OAichkn. The fourth llland is call’d Machien,
and has a burning Mountain of the lame
lhape as that at Ternote. It yields the
Dutch much Clove, they having four
Forts and a Fa&ory there,
Btubim. B/tchiart, fixteen Leagues diftant from
Machien, is the fifth and grcateft Ifland}
being twelve Leagues in compafs. A
burning Mountain in it, is of the lame
Nature aS that in Tidore. It abounds in
Bealls and Fowly Fruit of all forts y
Tabacco •, and Sagu for common Food,
It is govern’d by" a King of its own,
who pays Tribute, and makes the Suba,
that is, a fort of Homage to the King
of Ternate.
Mao. Befides thefe, and three other Iflands
properly comprehended under the name
of Moluccas, there are four more about
, eighty Leagues North of Ternate. The
nearelt is that of Mem, fi ve Leagues in
compafs, and bearing nothing but only
a little Clove. It has no Port, and the
Inhabitants live upon Filhing.
futures. Tdfttres is fix Leagues South o f Meao,
and fcarce three Leagues in compals. But
ic is very Fruitful, abounding in Coco-
, Trees,Sagtt,and other forts of Fruity and
has a great Lake. At prelent it has no
Inhabitants, for they all went over to
Mem, to avoid the Hardlhips put upon
them by the Spaniards in 11531.
Tigohndtt. Sixteen Leagues to the Northward is
TagoUnda, a large Ifland befog 6 Leagues
in compafs. It has a burning Mountain,
which does not obftrnd its abounding
in Cw-Ttees, Sam, and Fruit, arid pro-
during fome Rice and Clove. There
are two good Ports in it, and a deep
River on the South fide, with two fmall
Iflands, convenient for Filhing, with
burning Mountains in both. It is go-
vern’d by a King of its own, whole
Power excends no further than to be a-
ble to put to Sea eight, or ten Caracoas
for War, with Fire-Arms and other
Weapons. Their Language differs from
the Malay.
Sho. The Kingdom of Slat lies 4 Leagues
North of Tagolanda, and 30 of Ternate.
, Bulan,
1 , J )f
(CI\
i .
<SL
./ n
46$
It is an Ifland with a burning Mountain,
from whofe Top iflue abundance of biirn-
ing Stones * and on the other fide a plen*
tiful Spring of Water; The compafs
of the Ifland is about 4, or 5 Leagues,
the Inhabitants Heathens. T he King
. was a Cathoiick when the Spaniards pol-
fefs'd the Moluccas, and ever very faith*
ful to them, and therefore always at
War with him or Tagohnda, who was
a Mahometan. This was the antienteft
Chriftian Placein the Archipelago, Chri*
ftianicy having been p' inted from the
lime that Sc. Francis Xaveriits went over
thither. The Kingdom is poor and
final!, containing but 3000 Souls. It
produces many Cocos, and hut little Rice,
Sagu, Plantans, Camoctaspand Popayas,
In the Places inhabited there are Hens,
and feveral lorts of Creatures on the
Mountains.
_ Twelve Miles North of this Kingdom Cokngd*
is the burning Mountain and Kingdom
of Colonga, lying Eafl and Weft y and
having but 6, or 7 Leagues in compafs.
From the burning Mountain flow many
Springs of warm Water, which moifteu
the Ifland, and make it produce feveral
forts of Fruit. The Inhabitants are a-
bout 5, or 6000 ufing Fire-Arms and
other Weapons. On the North fide of
it is a fafe Harbour.
Cauripa is a frnall Kingdom 40 Leagues Cmipx-
from Colonga. On the South fide it
looks upon the great Ifland of Mateos,
and Kingdom of Macaffar. On the North
fide it has a deep River and good Har-
hour. The King, and 4, or 5000 Sub­
je&s he has are Heathens. The Climate
isTemperate, and the Soil produces fuch
abundance of Sagu, that it foraetimes
fnpplies Ternate y" and befides that all the
common Fruit of India, Cocos, Grain,
and feveral forts of'Bcafts y among which
one call’d Caraboas, or Sibolas. Nor do
the Sea and Rivers abound lefs in Fifh-
ThePeople are indefatigable and warlike,
Men and Women are Clad like thofe of
Tidore. They fet out to the Number of
fifteen Caracoas, or great Barques,
The Kingdom of Bulan is 7 Leagues
Weft of Cauripa, on the Land of Ma-
caffar. It has more Plenty of Rice than
Cauripa, and produces the fame Fruit,
There are feveral Rivers that lead up to
Villages, inhabited by about 3000Souls,
This King fets out 10 Caracoas, and his
Men ufe Fire Arms, and Other Wea-
pons, being fupply’d with Salt-peter
from the Village of Megonda, and with ;tymdos*
Iron from the Mines. The Province
of Manadds is twelve Leagues, Eaft of
' .„ ' |
I
, , , .. ... .......................................... .
 ■ G°«ix
M i
/|yo A Voyage round the W O R L D .
r x A * ^ Bulan, and 40 homTerhati. It abounds
L’emelli. in Fruit:, Rice, and Grain ; and as for
1697. Beafts, in Stbolos, Buffalos, and Swine,
The Inhabitants are at leaft 40000, a-
mong whom the greateft Wealth is, I-
ron, Cotton and Brafs. They go naked,
covering their Privities with Clouts,
and the Women wear a fort of Stuff
made of Cane, from the Waite to the
Knees. Thefe are the whiteft and bell
Ihap’d of any we have hitherto fpoke
of. Thefe People life no fire Arms,
and yet are vercj Cruel, for they Perfe-
cute one another, without fparing the
Lives of thole that are overcome, for
their greateft Glory confifts in hanging
up the Skulls of thofe they kill, at their
Doors. They are not fo Superftitious
as the other Heathens, but great obferv-
ers of the Singing of Birds. In other re-
fpeds- they are Affable, and lovers of
Trade.
All the Iflands, or Kingdoms here
mention’d, either are comprehended in
the Molucco Archipelago, where former-
ly the Arms of Sfain bore Sway; or
were Protected by them ; or at leaft
gave a helping Hand to Curb the Ene-
mies of the Confederates, and keep the
JDutch in Awe ; and therefore I have
made mention of them alone, tho’ there
be many more, as the Kingdom of Ma-
cajfar, in the great Ifland of Celebes, and
others Subjeft and Tributary to the fame
King.
land of Beyond the Ifland of Gilolo, is the
I’apuas. Land of Papuas, the Queen of which
Place becoming a Chriftian, was a long
time maintain’d out of the King’s Re-
venue at Manila; becaufe flie leaving
her Idolatrous Husband, and marrying
the Chriftian King of Tidore, came to
Manila to demand Succours. They will
have this Country to be part of New
Guinea, for Papuas fignifies Blacks,whence
New Guinea had its Name, which as yet
is not known whether it be an Ifland or
Continent, tho’ fome Maps fet it down
as an Ifland. So alfo between Amboina
Btndtt and Ternate, are the Ifles of Banda, be-
Iiiands. jng a5 many as the MUuccos, and as va-
luable for their Nutmeg, and other Spi-
ces, as thofe are for their Clove. All
five o f them take the name of the big-
geft, and lie in four Degrees, and thir-
ty Minutes of South Latitude, and three
Leagues from Amboina. Here grows all
the Nutmeg and Mace that furnilhes the
World, for tho’ they grow in other
Places, yet they are not fo good.
£*nD. Banda, as it is the biggeft, fo it is al-
fo the moft delightful and plentifulleft
X .
U il-
<s l
y 1* # , I
Book II.
of all Things. Its fhape is like a Horfe-
fhooe* the two Points whereof running
out North and South are three Leagues
dittany In the Bay between them is
the chief Village frequented by many
Ships, and all the Coafts about are co­
ver’d with abundance of Nutmeg-Trees ;
whofe Blofloms fpread fuch a Fragrancy,
as if Nature had employ’d all her Art
to make them wonderful Sweet. Thefe
Trees by degrees quit the Green, fo na-
tural to all Vegetables, and put on a
Blew, mix’d with Black, Red, and Gold
Colour like the Rainbow ; tho’ not fo
regularly diftributed. Beyond this de- \
ligbtful Plain, there rifes a little Moun-
tain in the middle of the Ifland, from
which flow fome Brooks that Water the
Country; and then follows another
Plain, cover’d with the fame Trees,
growing naturally out of the Earth.
The Nutmeg-Tree is like the Pear-
Tree in height and Branches; but the
Leaves are more like a Walnut, as is
the Fruit, cover’d with fuch a Rind, the
foft inlide whereof call’d Mace, is as A-
romatick as the other. The Natives of
Banda Extraft a precious Oil to Cure
cold Diftempers. Of thefe Nuts they
chufe the Frelheft, Weightieft, Largeft,
and full of Moifture, without any Hole ;
they are good to Correft a flunking
Breath, clear the Sight, comfort the Sto-
mach, and feveral other Dileafes. The
Trees they grow on are in Common,
and when the Nuts are gather’d, which
is in Augufi, they are divided among the
Inhabitants of the Villages,
The People are Strong, but ill Fa-
vour’d, Melancholy, and wear long Hair,
They are all Mahometans; the Men
given to Trade, the Women to Tillage.
They have no King or Lord, but Obey
the Eldeft, and thefe feldom agreeing in
Opinion, they often are at Variance and
Quarrel; not to be Reconcil’d but by
the Nations, that Refort to their Ports
to Trade for Nutmeg and Mace. When
thefe Iflands were difcover’d by the Por-
tuguefes, the People of Malaca and Java
Traded to them.
The Portuguefes and Dutch count the Ambo'm.
Ifland of Amboina, eight Leagues North
of Banda., one of the chiefelt. It lies
in four Degrees of South Latitude, and
is feventeen Leagues in Compafs. This
alone produces more Clove than all the
five Moluccos, but it is not fo good. It
alfo abounds in Oranges, Lemmons, Ci-
trons, Cocos, Sugar-Canes, and the like.
There are feveral forts of Beafts, and
Birds, and among the reft Parrots of
feve-
. .
l' ft
Hi
___________ __________________ ______________ m--------- ------------------------- — -i
Chap. VIIl. Of the Philippine 1fluids.______ 47 1 -
feveraTcolours, and one with red Fea-
\Zm df thers, moil Beautiful to behold. The
, 607 Inhabitants are more Docible than thofe
of the M o lu c c a s and Banda. They wear
rhe fame fort of 4pparel, and live on
the Trade of Spice. Their Hardinefs
hoth bv Sea and Land makes them much
valu’d for Soldiers or Sailors. Befides
Fire Arms, they ufe Scimitars, and Jave-
lins which they Dart very Dexteroufly.
The Land is Mountainous and well Peo-
*{1a abounding in Rice, Palm-Trees, to
Wine and very excellent Fruit,
I f w a s once in the PoffelTioii of the Dutch
W the Inhabitants Revolted with the
Affifl-ance of the King of Macajfar.
Of the Having fo often made mention of the
Clove. clove it will be proper to fay fome-
thing of it. Becaufe of its being ihap’d
1 ke a Nail, the Spaniards gave it the
mme of Cllvo. Us Bloflbm is like that
nf Mirtle but the Leaves extraordinary
fm ill coming out between thofe four
* l rtlp Teeth which when dry remain
ke a St?r and Compofe the Head of
Glove’ Abundance of them grow
S a S V , Hke the Mirtle, or Elder,
meld the moft fragrant Scent. The
T re Jis like the Laurel, but thicker of
Leaves and they thinner, and narrower.
Sometimes they are of feveral Colours;
butthe Cloves do not come out, or grow
Ripe all at once. The backwardeft are
' <SL
White, then Green, and when near Ripe
grow Red ; which Variety is a very
pleafant Sight to Strangers. They are
gather’d in February and September, and
do not grow every Year, but every two,
and.fometimes three ; buc then the Har-
veft is very Plentiful, as if Nature would
W e amends for the Delay. They are
gather’d like the Olives, by fhaking the
Boughs, afcer cleaning the Ground about
them. Then they are fpread out in the
Sun, and in three Days are dry enough,
between Black and Aih Coiour. Frelh
Water Rots, and the Salt Preferves them.
Thofe that remain on the Trees, and arc
call’d Mother-Cloves, within a Year grow
bigger and ftronger, and are therefore
more valu’d m J a v a . Thcfc falling to the
Ground produce other Trees, without
any help of Art } and they after 8 Years
bear, and laft fomet.me to an hundred,
It is commonly faid that only th\tMolucca
Iflands produce Clove, becaufe of the
infinite Quantity grows there, and fo
good that it exceeds the Clove of the
ocher Iflands, but that of Amhoina is
larger, and little Inferior to i t . The
Virtue of Clove ,s wonderful againft all
Diftempers proceeding from Cold and
Dampnefs. When Green they Extract
from it aWater of a moft delicious Smell,
and very good for the Palpitation of the
Heart.

C H A P . V IIL
How the Philsppine-Iflands were difeover'd.
T'lRovidence made the Choice for the Magellan, as we call him in English, megetld
mgelkn, P Rdifcovery of thefe Iflands of FerS- hearing this News^ and not being able in spm.
, .y ii . j, Vortiuntefe knowing to move his own King Emanuel to give
rfh e S & e u g o , bf Ear to him; went over to the Coo, t
the Relations he had from his Friend of the Emperor Charles V. in Spam,
K c n who was the firlt Difco- whom he made fo fenlible of the Con-
Franas
verer of them round
round byby the Eaft. He
tnetair,v ™ fequence
^4 ^
of the Undertaking,
5elong> and thaC
d t0 the Weftern
jTfonfo compleated the part, affign’d the Crown of CaJhUj and
Conqueft of i t ; after which thinking he not to the Eaftern appertaining to Por-
cCo X Cefttt r make his Fortune in Europe, ^ and the
he return d to Ponug . ^ furnifli’d Magellan with five Veflels well
« d om Equip’d, for Mm to try to find 0 way

ffecemd* mito apned^^difcover

eb h the H o S d o n th c tothof A # ! , M j o v e r a

f R the Clove
“ th.e butthe fent FetStltruain. to give
the King of Portugal and his Friend Ma-
S a n A c c o u n / o f t h e Nature andim -
portance of thofe Iflands.
run along the Coall of Fm-ul, and cut
the Line ; in 50 degrees of.South La-
titude he entred the River of S. Julian,
 <§L

472 A Voyage round the W O R L D. Book il

and In 52 and fome Minutes found the Ifland de-hs-Negros, directed his Goarfe
Cemdk. Streight of his own Name. He enter'd to £ luipd on the Coaft of Mindanao,
2
V l 9 f^ 0 n theai-ft of OBober, and about the end Thence he fail’d to Borneo, where he
V ’"V X J of November came out into the South took Molueco Pilots, and returning by
Sea, without meeting with any Storm the way of Cagaymes, Xolo, Tamima,
in a Run ot 4000 Leagues. Having a* Mindanao, Sarragan and Sanenil: 'on the
gam cut the Line and being-in 15 dc- 7th of November dilcover’d the Maine-
grees of North Latitude he difeover’d cos, and the 8eh Anchor’d in Tidore.
<\\o flianas, vvhich he call d Los f^elas \ 1 he King receiv'd him coiirteoufly, al-
“ 1 \ de8reesfhore known by the Name lowing him to Trade, and fet up a Fa-
ot Mas dc lessLadronts, or the Klandsof dory to buy Clove and other Spice i
Thieves, and a few Days after the Ifland which was foon done. Wliilft they were
Anri Hi- i V ht t \ ° f thC Ifl? ? s herL defcTib>d a!1 things ready, the Ship call'd
Upfine-i- 7 ,c “ lit he met with was Humunun a the Trinity , which had attempted to
hands. little defert Ifland, near Cape Guiguan, fail diredlly back to Panama, came back
now ca 1 d La Encantada■, where the and deliver’d it felf up to the Ponmuefes
m . Indians chat went to meet him were at Ternate. The Ship PiBory took the
thofe ot Sihhan, now under the Govern- fame way home the Pnrttm elh v.s\\ and
. ^ ent:, 0 Glt,l ctan- Magellan call’d this having feen Amboina and the Ifles of Thefirft
Ifland de Buenas Senates, or of good To- Banda, and flay’d fotne time at Solar and £hj$ that
kens, and all the Archipelago of S. La- Timor, fail’d along the out. fide of Sam *. £ J J d the
l aT ’ tecaufeheJ,andcd on Saturday beeping off from theCoaft of L A a .io Worfd
before Pajfion-Sundry, mSpain call d Sun- avoid failing into the Hands of the Porta-
V K * P a Yr'dr 0t l & k d ilic t u r ' i ,d the Cape of Good
On n L nfunday the firft Mafs was faiti Hope, and arriv’d at the Port of S. Lucar
° n/ o Ci- nnd ° B:itmn-‘ l C‘,°fs ere5 te,d’ ia Si>ain on 7th of September 1522,
and Poffeflion taken m the Name ot the three Years and fome Days after it fet
T n - ibiCff CV er J he 5th- J . hs or*, vyith only 18 Men out of 59 that
Lord of D w fla v a Kinfman to the Kmg fail’d'from the Moluccas, Sehafiiande Ca-
ot Butuan and to him of Cebu, was a f - no being Captain. The Account of the
lifring to M agdlm , for he brought the New and wonderful Voyage of cheShiD
Ships into that Port on the 7th of April. Viftory being known throughout Spain,
Before Mafs was laid on Wbitfunday , with the Information concerning the
thaL Lord and the King of Cebu were rich Trade of Spice. D . p. Garcia Jofre
Bapaz d, and by their means many Men de Loayfa of the Order of S. John of Mul­
ct Note and others to the number of to, was fent thither with a Squadron of
500; and after Dinner the Queen with feven Ships, and Sebajlian del Cano for '
3 ° ° more- . The next Day the Royal his Succefibr. Thefe failing from Corunna,
Standard heing fet up with great Solem- came to an Anchor in the new Streight
liny, the Kingand all his People took an of Magellan in January i «25, and in M wh
Oath of Fidelity after the Indian Man- following got out into the South Sea
ner, whereof fpeedy Notice was fent after lofing one Ship in that narrow PaT
back to Spam. fage. In June a violent Storm parted the
On Friday the a p h o f April, M agel- Ships, and funk moil of them. Aboard
htn and fome of his Men were kill'd in the Admiral which on the iaft Dav of
the firft Encounter, with the chief Men Ju ly wasin four Degrees of South Lati-
of the Ifland or Mat an, oppofite to Or- tude, the Commander in chief Loayfa
bu. On the firft of M ay, the treache- dy’d, and four Days after him his Suc-
totis King 0 . Cebu at a bloody Entertain- ccffbr Sebajlian del Cam and many more
ment, cut oft the Heads of 2+ of the On the 2d of OBober thole that remain’d
pi indp J Men belonging to the Ships, Landed In Mindaoiao, and not beiup able
and among them Duarte Barbofa Kinf- to get over to C ebu , direfted "their
man and Succeiior to Megelle-n, all the Comfe for the Moluepo Iflands- where
Mifchief being contriv’d by a Black, who they were well receiv’d by the King of
was Slave to Magellan and had fevv’d as Tidore on the laft Day of December 1 <26
Interpreter, in Revenge for fome Inju- But as well he, as the King of Cilolo
ry done him by Barbofa, Upon the Re- were fo threatned by the Portmuefis for
ceipt of this News, JohnC arvdlo put having receiv’d the Spaniards belonging
out of the Port of Cebu with lus Ships to Magellan's Squadron, that they fetz’d
and Men fleering,Eaft South Eafl. Be- the four Faftors left there by the Shin
uig cotrie to the Point of Bohol and Pan- Trinity, and thofe that return’d now
ghio he lay by ; and then difeovering the and fecur’d all the Goods; whence en’
filed' ' -
# .

1 .. y. * ,-V; .v/'.1 f,.:

i ■ ;

U 'U f
m §l
Chap. IX. Of the Philippine Iflandsi
CKj^S\ fued a War between the Spaniards and
Gcmelli. Portuguefes that lafted till 1517 . In the
1697. mean while the Marquis del Falk fitted
out three Ships in New Spain, under the
Command of his Kinfman Alvaro de Sa-
avedra, who failing on the Eve of all
Saints in the Year 1527, on the Day of
the Epiphany in 1528, being in the La-
titude of eleven Degrees, difcover’d
fome of the Iflands de los Ladrones, and
thence fail'd to Mindanao in eight De-
grees of Latitude. He there recover’d
fome Chriftians, belonging to one of
Loayfa’s Ships which was caft away at
Sangud, and then going on to the Moluc-
cos fought the Portuguefes. Then com-
ing to 7 ’idore he there found 12 Spaniards,
who had fortify’d themfelves under the
Command of Ferdinand de la Torre,
Having repair’d his Ship, about the end
of May he fet out again for New Spain-,
and palfing by Lome of the Iflands of La-
drones in the Latitude of 14 Degrees,
was drove back firlt to Mindanao and
then to the Moluccos, whence he fet out.
Whilll it was here difputed by dint of
Sword, at che expence of the Subje&’s
Blood, who had the belt Title to the
Iflands -, the matter was controverted in
Spain and Portugal with the Pen, Aftro-
labe, Sea Carts, and other Geographi-
cal Inllruments. Judgment being at laft
given for Portugal, the few Spaniards that
remain’d in the Moluccos, left them upon
Condition they lhould be convey’d from
India into Spain.
4-^
Ruiz.-Lopez.-de-VUUlobos by Order of Fleet to
the Viceroy of Mexico, Sail’d from the Conquer
Port of the Nativity on the Day of all the 1‘h‘lip-
Saints, in the Year 1542. with 5 Ships ptnes‘
to Conquer the Phihppine-lRands, and
Inltrudtions not to Atcetnpt any Thing
againlt the Moluccos, or other Conquefts
of Portugal. After two Months fail in
the Latitude of ten Degrees he diico-
ver’d the Ifland call’d de-los-Comles and
then others of the number of thofe call’d
de-los-Ladrones. Then the Pilots vary-
ing, he came not upoiP the Iflands in
eleven Degrees of Latitude, but in ten •
and the Winds darting up againlt him’
in February he came to an Anchor in
the Bay of Camera. Here he Jolt ma~
ny of his Men with Sicknefs and Famine
and all his Ships but the Admiral Pc’
rifh’d in Storms. Then forced "by Ne-
celfity, as having but ten Days ProVifi-
on, he fleer’d his Courfe for the Moluc-
cos to fupply his wants; and Arriv’d at
Tidore on the 24th of April 1544. The
Portuguefes oppos’d and would not allow
him to take any Provilions or other Ne-
ce!Taries,fo that being there now inFebru*
ary 1545. Without doing any thing he
came to Compolition with the Portuluefet
to give him a Ship to return to Spain. But
whillt this Treaty was in Hand he dy’d
for Grief at Amboina, and all the Reli-
gious Men of the Order o f St. Au-
guftin, returifd afterwards to Lisbon in
1549. by the way of Malaca, Cabin
and Goa.

C H A P . IX,
- The Conqueft of the Philippine-Iflands.
H E ill Succefs of the Attempts near Pdnaon) On the 27th of April being
T before-mention’d made the Con- Whitfunday, and dedicated to S. r,talis
quelt of the Philippme-mandi be laid afide the Martyr,who was therefore chofen Pa-
for ten Years, till at the perfwalion of tronof the City.
F. Andrew de Vrdaneta, of the Order of The Fleet entred Zebu in peaceable r™
S.Augujhn, King Philip the 2d. order’d manner, but perceiving that Tupd;, who quer’d. ’
the Viceroy of Mexico* to fend thither Govern’d there put off the Spaniards with
lour Ships and a Frigot with 400 Men good Words, they Plunder’d the Place
under the Command of Michael-Lopez.- The third Day, among the Plunder was
dt-Legafpi, a Native of Mexico. F. An- found the Image of the Irifanc Jefus be-
drew would go with him and took four fore-mention’d, and therefore the firlt
more of his Order. _ Church was by the Fathers of S. Amuliin
In January 1555, this Fleet came to Founded under the Invocation of the
an Anchor among the Iflands de-los-La- Name of Jefus.
drones j on the 13th of February arriv’d On the firlt of June, Philip de-SaUedo
at the Ifland of Leyte-, and running fuc- Captain of the Admiral Ship, fail’d in in
cefsfully through the Sf-eight came to an with F. Andrew de-Vrdaneta to difeover
Anchor in the Port of Zebu (by the the way back to New Spain. He Arriv’d
Direftion of a Moor of Borneo, who thither on the 3d of OElober but found
was acquainted with thofe Iflands, taken that D. Alonfo dc-Ardlana was come thi
Vol‘ IV* O oo ther

. j , .. ................................................ _
m
X X, .■*$&*/
474 A Voyage round the W O R L i3.
ther with his Vcfle! two Months before
Gemelli. to gain the Honour of being the firft
!6'97. Difcoverer. However all is due to F.
Andrew, for he took a particular Ac-
count of the Voyage, and made Carts
proper for it.
Tufas and his People fubmitted them-
felves to the King of Spain, promifing to
pay Tribute; but whilft Legafpi was
building the City Zebu, the Portuguefts
came with Several Pretences to difturb
him. He feuding Advice to the Vice-
roy of Mexico., had a fupply of 200
Men fent him in the Year 1567, under
the Command of John de-Salzedo and
Philip de-Salz.c^o his Nephews; fo that
Gon&alo Pereyra%comingafterwards with
the Ponuguejes Fleet to expel the Spa-
niards, was forced to return with DM
grace.
MittiU re- In 1570 came the fir ft Letters from
dated. Court to Legafpi, approving of all that
had been done in the Iflands, and Com-
manding him to proceed in the Con-
quell, conftitntirtg trim AdeLtntado, or
Lord Lieutenant of the fame. In 1571
the Spanijh Arms reach’d Manila, and
reduced it without any expence of Blood,
Ofl the 24th of June being the Fealt of
St.John Baptirt, the Foundation of the
City Was foletnnly lay’d, and Trade let-
led with China, lb that the firft Chiam-
pans came thence to Traffick in May
1 172. The Governor Legafpi dy’d in
Augufi that fame Year; and Guido de La-
bazarris entring upon the Government
"continu’d the Conqueft of the Ifland,
giving Souldiers that had ferv’d well fe-
veral Encomiendas or Parcels of Indians
to be their Tenants, which was after-
wards confirm’d by the King. In No-
vember 1574, Limahon a Chinefe Pyfate,
aftaulted Manila w kh 2 Fleet of 70 Bar-
ques, but was bravely Repuls’d.
In Augufi 1575 Doblor Francis de Sande,
Alcade of the Court of Mexico was fent
Governoiir. He it was that undertook
the famous Expedition againft the King
of Borneo, in which that King was over-
thrown, and his Court Plunder’d ; the
Iflands of Mindanao and Xolo oblig’d to
pay Tribute ; and he and other Gpver-
nors afterwards continu’d the Conqueft.
In 1597, The Marques Stephen Rodriguez,
de Figueroa undertook the Conqueft o f
Mindanao upon his own Coaft, by the
King’s Leave. He alfo made War on the
lide o f Tampuan again!! the Kings of
Malana, Siangan and Rtuyen, and againft
Enhifan, Father to Coralt King of Minda-
nao. But he dy’d in the Enterprize at
the Hands of Obat, linkle to the King
1 je&
lA S
. ;/' ■ \ ; -V
%l
.
Book IS.
of Mongcay, and Colonel D. John de
Renquillo was fent by the Governor of
Manila to prefect)te it.
The Fathers of the Society of Jefus
entred the Iile of Mindanao on the 6th
of February 1624,, to take charge of the
new Chriftians ; the Governor D. Fran-
cU Tello putting them in Poieffiou of the
Parishes.
The General John Chaves carry’d on conqueft
the Conquefts with a good i~orce, com- in Minls-
pos’d partly of Indians. On the 6th of mo.
April 16 35 helantkd at Samboangan, For-
tify’d himfelf, putting all about to Fire
and Sword, and at laft erefted a Fort
there. Sultan King of Mindanao fued
fora Peace, which was Concluded on
the 24th of June 1645, ky Captain
Francis Arienza-y-B.wez. Governor of
the Fort of Samboangan, by Commiifion
from D. James Faxardo Governor of
Manila, The principal Articles were,
That the aforefaid King Sultan and his Sub-
jells, jhould be Friends to'the King of Spain,
and the King of Spain theirs. That i f for
the future either fide was Aggriev'd, it
Jhould acquaint the Court to require Satis-
faction, and the Peace jhould not he fuppos’d
to be broken tillafter fix Months. That the
Subjells of bothfides mightgo and come free-
ly without Let or Molefiation, with Leave
of their King and the Governor 0 /Manila,.
And other‘ Articles which may be feen
in Robles's Hiftory of Mindanao, lib. 7.
This King of Mindanao could bring
into the Field 30000 Men with Fire
Arms, fold him by the Dutch, Bows
and Arrows, and other Weapons. His
Residence was in an open Place fortify’d
only with Paliladots, and a few Pieces of
Cannon.
In 1662 the Governor of Manila fear-
ing the Threats of a Chinefe Pyrate, of
whom we fpoke in the 4th Volume;
the better to fecure Manila, ralign’d
Samboangan to the King of Mindanao,
Conditionally that he Mould reftoie it,
when demanded by the Spaniards. The
Pyrate who was alfo petty King of For-
moft, dy’d foon after in a Rage, and fo
deliver’d Manila from that Fear,
Notwkhftanding the Garriloa of Sam-
boangan was withdrawn, the Province
of Caragas remain’d under the Dominion
of fit$ Spaniards, Govern’d by an Alcade
Mayor, placed there by the Governor of
Manila with a good Gamfon of Spam*
ards. Befides there is the Fort of llligan,
belonging to the Province of Dapitan ;
kept by a Spamfi Captain and Corrcgi-
dor, or civil Magistrate* The People
of Dapitan pay Tribute, and are fub-
' • A :• ;V'4-r:X
III ■ <SL
Chap. X. Of the Philippine Iilands.
rs_A>n ject to ipain, with an inviolable Fideli-
Gemelli. ty ever lince the Spaniards firfl fet Foot
1597 - there. ’ Tis true that then theyfubmitted
L O T SJ out of Fear ; for feeing them with their
Swords by their iides, eat Bisket and
fmoke Tabacco; they went and told
their petty King, that thofe were aPeo-
pie with Tails, who eat Stones and call
Smoke out at their Mouths. This Ac-
count aftonilh’d the petty King ; but be-
ing at War with the King of Mindanao,
he join’d in Amity with the Spaniards,
and guided them to Zebu .
. Ilhgdn and Dapitan are Parilhes and
Millions of the Fathers of the Society;
and in Temporals depend on the Alcade
Mayor of Zebu, but a few Leagues diftant.
Whilft I was at Manila, F. Maurice
Perera a Catalonian, fet out with a Com-
panion for the Million of Samboangan,
and foon after I heard they had been all
well receiv’d by the King of Mindanao,
and fent to the Place of their Milfion,
polfefs’d by the Prince his Son. There
is a good Correfpondence between this
King and the Governor of M anila , in-
fomucb, that nine Years ago the King
fent an Embalfador to the Governor to
acquaint him, that he had concluded a
Peace with another King his Neighbour,
I had the Curiofity to enquire of the
Governor, who was D . Faufto Cruz.aty
Goryora, how he had receiv’d that Em-
baity. He told me in the firfl: Place, that lllands under the Spanijh Dominion; the
the Embalfador was the King’s Brother;
and Clad after the Moorijh Falhion, bare
Footed and bare Legg’d. That he had
him led through the Spanijh Foot drawn
up, and receiv’d him under a Canopey.
That neither the Embalfador nor any of
his Retinue, would lodge in the Palace,
but all of them retir’d at Night to their
Veflels. The Prefent was only a few
Quilts of no great Value.
D. Sebajlian Hurtado de Corcttera, Go- and Profecuted his Father’s Enterprize.
Xolo Con- vernor a°d Captain General of Manila ,
quer’d. fubdu’d the Ifland and Kingdom of Xolo,
going thither in 1638 with 80 Barques,
and 600 Spanijh Souldiers, befides many luccos.
475
Indian,x fo obliging the Indians to fub~
mit tbemfelves. The Peace of Xolo o-
pen’d the way to the Chriftian Religion,
and the Fathers of the Society; but it
was ioon broke through the Indilcretion
of Captain Gafpar de Morales. Itwasre-
ftor’d again on the ,4th of Jp n l 1646-.
upon Condition the King of Xolo ihould
pay a Yearly Tribute of three Xoongas,
or Barques fix Yards long, loaded with
Rice. The fame Captain D. Francis de
Atienz.a manag’d this Treaty for Spain ;
and Batiocan and Arancaye Darany Em-
bafiadors of Saltan Combat, King of
Mindanao, and Mediator, for the King
of Xolo. The Dutch fay’d liege to Xolo
on the 27th of June i 54 8, but did no-
thing confiderable. Afterwards the
King of Xolo broke the Peace, doing
much Mifchief with a Fleet he put to
Sea ; fo that at prefent he remains abfo- Loft again
lute Mailer of his Kingdom, and being
at Peace with Spain, his Subjefls Trade
in the Philippine lllands. The Governor
told me that fomeYears before, that King
fent him an Embafly, giving him an ac-
count of his Brother’s Death, and his
own Accellion to the Crown, fending
the Governor a Mourning Suit ofCloaths
to wear for his Brother," sand a Prefent
of two Quilts and other Trifles.
When the Union of the Crowns of
Caftile and Portugal had put the Molitcco-
Governor of Manila perceiving there
ftill remain’d much to Conquer; in OSlo-
her 1593. fet out a confiderable Fleet for
that purpofe. But as he was going in a
Galley to join the Fleet already under
Sail, the Sangleys that Row’d, Mutiny’d*
and killed him and other Spaniards; car-
rying away the Galley into China. His
Son D . Luis de las Marinnas fucceeded
him in the Government in February 1596,
After him other Governors apply’d
themlelves to i t , and particularly in
1606 a good Fleet was fent to the M o.

C H A P . X.
The Author's/hort Voyage to the Port of Cavite, and the Defection of that City

T
O return to our Journal, after a I went with my Black to the Port of C*-
Digreflion perhaps not dilplealing vite, where we arriv’d about Noon,
or Tedious, I fpent a Week in providing Thefe Bancas are made of the Body of a
my felf with Neceflaries for my long Tree, fix Spans in Breadth and Longer
Voyage to New Spain, and taking leave than the Faluccas at Naples. I found not
of Friends, and on Sunday the 16th put- as I expected Charles Jofeph of M ilan , be-
ting my Equipage into a Banca Boat, caufe he was gone to the M arian Iflands,
Vol IV. Q00 2 to

* * / :

.. I ..... ...,... .............................

10 - (s i .

'~~~^j?C A Voyage rmnd the W O R L D. Book 11.

6-------*-------------- r " c T Z iiZ 7 H7c King’s allow- ~ MOntMUtm’d h*» bv the King of Spam
' C y ^ S tany *a !, S ? t h i r t y , with a Prohibition, to go over Into
Cemelh. ancc, and the rati . ^ ^ difcover Spam. His misfortunes had afterwards
1 697, Hus done, he was ro s , • rAmf, fn a£ mihannv end, tor as he was intent
.•* ■ » » ?
I X r S m ^ kI Cuftoms of the In- fuch a kick, as was rhe Caufe of his
h aid then to bring away Pome Death *, a good mftance of the turns of
habitants, and t - ■ ' ,& 7 Fortune, with thdfe that think they
« fc ? r iT e n S ™ n W « In- have tour’d her Favour. 'This Mint-
fr n (W i n mvhhedadng. But above all fter being brought into the Queen W o
ftru^ionsin m) hearing ^ Service, by means of an Aunt
himfelf had dHtoverM, andcall’d C«n, who was one of her Women, knew fo
- 'f>/c when he went to relieve well how to gam upon her AfTedfi-
a VeiTel ?un4 rmmd It was generally ons, by his firichM Services j efpecially
fh M cS he would go in V a in f becauft twice he was font to the Court of ?« *-
from i ? Degree to the Line the Cur- »*, on important A fairt* that from a
S arc violent, infomuch that, a fmall private Gentleman, he was m s d to the
Veffol cannot Stem them j and the left Honour of primeMm.fter,and a Grandee
hv-reafon of the Winds that prevail w hich Was afterwards checaufeot .sKtaif.
therJ 1 Othe wifi i is not to be doubt- Taefday .9th, I took a View of the
ed but that in all that fpace to the Line, City Cm>*, or C*mt? as the Jo h a n s
th<.’rr»rVin, lids inhabited by Savage Peo- call it. It is ieated in fight ot Manila,
r le and miny more Northwards as Liras three Leagues South of it, on a long CmVf
S S e r e are often Boats of thole narrow Neck of Land, on one fide of city.
P irn 1brought by Storms to the Ifiand which is the Sea and on the other a Bay,
Paits, tno gp 7 f pdava as has that makes the Port. Thus being al-
becufaid elfewhere. The faid ChatUs moft enclos'd with the Sea, it has no
Maruntx. Com man- Wall about it * but only the Gaft e»
being abLnidfc mention’d, «tone end, and at the
2 * f h&i 2 £ . * other next the Land, a Wall with fame
ter J in d me m hi H « fc ^ ^ o f Camlon. ]n this Wall is the
*1 Vested 011 that Point Gate to which they go over a Draw-
^ t f n d wHchPmakes the Bay. It was bridge, heeaufe of the Ditch, which at
The Ca- liuce the Fort of Mamin, is are- Flood is Udt of Water. 1 he City might
ftte. bu1Ilt f “ “ c i J u fonr Baft ions, well with a fma 11Charge, be made an Hand.
gular Square.with; X t f m T befides The Port before mention’d, is in the
C e p fe c l o v e r T G a !? AboutI t Shape of a Semicircle, like that of T r~
fome Pieces o r fo h ■ ja the Kingdom of fatly. It ss
S d i S Mffi X m i c T J l ieav- W d from the South W in * , b ,. «
Souid ers Magmn ^ Here from the North, and therefore forge
k Sthe year 16*9, wasbuilt a Wooden Ships, which cannot come clofo under
Ho ifo V o fern as a Prifon to Dr. ftwfc- the Shore, are not very fife * and in the
Houle, to let Channel in it, Year 1-589, two were there caft away.
T j t Z m S i b/no Infringement of As L the Buildings, end l’ ublick
5f £ S a . the Church, end he ptM », there ,5 no Beauty n them, the
the Gornmnniucs a Banilhment. Houfcs heing of Timber, or Cane, and
tberfie J? [ .. j,en£ vcry JFriaiy, with- very few with the firft Floor of Stone. Buildings.
^ t b d n g X K S fd e w liv e o n The Parilh Church b ot Timber, the
out hemgailovvQ y p0 Houfe atld Church of the Dominicans ot
:l V 5 1 Ser°ty t h f ^ r S the fame. The Monartervof the Bare-
much Liberty , . Caftle He foot Mmfimans is fome what better, and
i bsS P i * £ w r L o | X and the Church of Stone. But the Hoofe of
fpent theday to Writing, Read ^ t!l0 bcgan of ,ate y earS) is
hint'” % ‘ l t a ^ hri a & V Mm an al- very good. The Conltabl. of theCaftle
i r\uc\ hundred and fifty pieces Governs it and the City,as Chief Juftice.
*jw?nc« of two hundred|«d mdnefda, l0tb, 1 went to foe the * -
?linVShVnfod he went away to New btr*, or Arfenal fcated on the aforcfoid Arfenal.
being exp , Galva Bro- Point o f the Gallic. There 2, or 300
where the C ■ I > f Indians, and fometimes 600, brought by
Page he t d b te n ,tfn g X d Cover- force, from the Neighbouring Provmces,
nor he w as well receiv’d, and was pun- work at Bulling Gdeons, and other
S l y paid 7 .0 0 0 pieces of Eight a Ships. The Ring a llo r. every one a

^ 18
" ' e° w \

Kty,

Chap. & Of the Philippine Iflailck

C\^A*sr' piece of Eight, and a Cavan of Rice a good, being built by D. Ferdinand Valeri-
Gemelli. Month, which is the time they are to zuela, for his particular Devotion. There
1697. Ray, for at the end of it, they take o- are more Inhabitants, Spaniards, Irtdi-
u y \ J thers to Relieve them. Some of them arts, and Sangleys, or Chiriefes in this Sub­
plain, fome faw, fome Nail the Timber, urb, than in Cavite. Here is good1Fruit
fome make Cables, fome Careen, which of the Country, and fame few Grapesj
is done there with Oil of China, mixed the Vines being carry’d out of Europe.
with Lime, but the grcateft number, Friday 22d, the VelTel having all its
fell Trees on the Mountains j and thele Lading aboard, I embarqu’d. This Ship
mull be many, and large, to keep out was built at Bagatao, by Dr. John G an-
the Tempeftuous Sea, they are to croTs. cocea, and had made ontPVoyage on the
Befides that this fort of Wood is hard, Coalt. Becaufe of the lofs of theafore-
and heavy as a Stone, the Planks are laid Galeons, the King had bought it of
madefo thick, andfo lin’d both within, him, for 30000 pieces of Eight, to cat-
and without, that they receive little ry over the Royal Revenue to America.
Damage by common Balls. That Vef- It was 45 Cubits, of thofe above men-
fel which fought fome Years lince, with tion’d in length, proportionably broad
fourteen Butch, that came to take Ca- and fir ong.
vite, had 90 Balls taken out of her fides, Saturday 23d, there were Prayers for
which Ruck there as if they had been our good Voyage. When we were rea-
in a Wall of foft Stone ; and this was dy to Sail, the Commander call’d the
becaufe being run a-ground, fhe was for- Pilots, and all other Officers to give their
ced to fight all the while on one fide, to Opinions, whether the Vefiel was fit
the great aRonilhment of the Enemy, for the Voyage of New Spain, and in a
The Arfenalis very large, and fit to bmld good Sailing pofhtre. Moft of them
any greatShip. In 1694 the famous Ga- were of Opinion it was overloaded, and
leon St. Jofeph, before mention’d to be therefore could make little way. He
call away, was finilh’d there, being big- therefore order’d all the Seamen’s Chefts
ger, or at leafl as big, as that o f the to be put alhore, that all thofe who had
Portuguefes call’d, 0 Padre Eterno. Its two might have one left behind. The
Keel was 62 Cubits , (each Cubit a Governor being inform’d of it, fent Co- _
Span and a half) long, and proportion- lonel Thomas de Andaya to lighten the
ably broad. The lols of it ruin’d the Ship. Andaya came on Sunday the 24,
Inhabitants of Manila, but that of the and caus’d all the Casks of Water to be
other call’d Santo Chrifio , compleated taken out; for the burden of the VelTel
their Mifery. This laft was lixty Cu- being 1500 Bales, they had put aboard
bits, as before in the Keel, and had made 2200, befides Provifions and other ne-
but one Voyage to New Spain after it was cellaries. On Monday 25, the Colonel
built at Bagatao. WhilR I was at Manila, caus’d abundance of Bales, and parcels
another VelTel was building at Bagatao, of Wax to be unlhipp’d, leaving only
call’d St. Francis Borgia,55 of thoTeCubits the 1500 Bales that the Ship was entred
in length, to go 10 New Spain, in 1697. for. The Governor and Oydores,
What Succefs it will have, God knows j or Judges, according to the King’s Or-
for the Citizens of Manila, having ob- der, are to diftribute the Stowage pro-
tain’d a Grant from the King, to load a portionably among the Citizens $ but
Galeon, and fend another to Convoy it, there is little Jultice done in this Point,
paying 74000 Pieces of Eight for each, Favour carrying all, fo that the Rich
they 2 l’ave payingfor two,building one have Cockets given them, for 30 or 40,
at the King’s expence, fo very large, and even 50 Bales, and the pooreft fort
that tho’ it carries Burden enough for only for two or three, pretending the
three,yet it requires a Storm to move it y Ship can carry no more, and this contra-
and this mighty Mafs, not being Itrong ry to the King’s Intention. Tuefdayi6, -y
enough knit together, to refift the fu- there were more Bales and Parcels of
rious Tempelts of that vaR Ocean, it Wax unloaded, Rill delaying our depar-
is to traverfe ; it is eafily calf away, as tore, whereas the King Orders were that
a p p e a r s by experience, and it is demon- the Galeon Sail the 24th of June. It
ftrable, that midling Ships are prope- is the Practice in this Voyage to carry the
rer for that Voyage than the great. Water in earthen Jars, to the number
Suburb. Thurfday lift, I went to fee the Sub- of 2, 3 or 4000, proportionably to the
urb of St. Roch, Rretching without the number of People, and bignefs of the
Wall from Sea to Sea, all of it confift- Galeon and thefe falling fhort for 3
ing of Timber Houfes, among Woods Voyage of 7 or 8 Months, thecontinu-
of Trees. The Parilh Church is very al

* n
> ’’

3 . ,v . .
m %l
'•stffyS' . " 1- ^ V.';. ;pp ; MiL ■' ' ■■'.

AVVafVhomd W ORLD. Book S T

CVA > 0 al Rains fupply the Defed. This time
Gemelli. they had made two Cifterns, on the
i<*97. fides o f the Ship, reaching from the
peck to the bottom of the Hole, as is
us’d by the Portuguefc, and M oors} and
thefe had prov’d very good yet they
Were broken to flow more Bales in their
place , without confidering that rely-
J ing on the Cifterns, they had made no
earthen Jars, and it was not eafy to make
them info rhor, a time. This was done
becaufe the Officers put in Bales of their
own in thofe places, notwithftanding
the King’s Prohibition, they not mind-
ing that they fent fo many Men to re ­
rift with Thirft, in ftch a fpacious Sea.
In fine, on Wednefday 2,7th, 800 Barrels
of Water were caft away, by breaking
the Cifterns;, and the fame was done on
Thurfday following being the 28, the
Bales belonging to the Colonels Friends
andAcquaintauce,being put aboard again.

A Voyage round the World by Dr. John

Francis Gemelli Careri. Part Yd.
Containing the moft Remarkable Things he law in
the P H I L L I P P I N E I S L A N D S .

B O 0 _ K ML

CHAP. 1
The m ofi Dangerous Voyage fro m the Philippine JJlrn d s, to America ; and firtt
to the Place call'd^ Varadero.

HE Voyage from, the Philippine I-
T Hands to America , may be call’d
the iongeft, and moft dreadful, of
in the World ; as well becaule of the
vaft Ocean to be crofs’d, being a1moft
the one half of the Terraqueous Globe,
with the Wind always a-headj as for the
terrible Tempefts that happen there,
one upon the back of another, and for
the defperate Difeafes that feize People,
m 7 or 8 Months, lying at Sea fome-
times near the Line, iometimes cold,
fometimes temperate , and fometimes
hot, which is enough to Deftroy a Man
of Steel, much more Flelh and Blood,
which at Sea had but indifferent Food.
The Ship being again Laden,and about
a thoufand Jars of Water,put in by the
Commander and otherOfficers,we fet Sail
on F r id a y 29, before Noon in the pre-
fence of the Colonel. Having Sail’d 2
Leagues, we came to an Anchor within
the fame Bay. On pretence that he
wanted Water, the Commander left be-
hind a D o m in ic a n , who had given him
500 pieces of Eight for his Voyage ; a
Recolet, and a Phifitian he had agreed
to keep at his own Table $ which acci-
deat put me into a good little Cabbin
for my Bed and Equipage. Saturday the
laft day of June, the W ind continuing
any at South againft us, tho’ we had hoifted
Sail, we loon dropp’d Anchor again,
The fame we did Sunday the firft of Ju ly,
having fail’d but half a League, M m -
day ad, ftirr’d not j and Tuefday juft
weigh’d and dropp’d Anchor again, the
Wind continuing contrary both Days
with much Rain \ fo that in 5 Days, we
fcaree fail’d three Leagues, Some Wa~
ter being Ipent, the Boat was fent to
take in more, near the Hill Batan. Be-
ing curious, I went in the Boat with the
Major Vincent Arambdo a Bifcainer, and
Landed on a Plain, where the Arrows
of many Negrillos or Ifland Blacks, who
were Hunting in the Woods, could reach
us. The Women and Children began to
bark like Dogs, to drive out the Wild
Beafts before their Husbands, and Fa-
thers, who lay ready in Ambufh. So
whilft the Water was taking in, we flood
very fearful, as not being able with two
Firelocks, to oppofe hundreds of Blacks,
Arm’d with Bows and Arrows, ftorc
Javelins, and long Knives, wherefore
I retir’d to the Boat, without enquiring
into the matterof Hunting, as Arambc-
la
B F
C hap. I. Of the Philippine Iflands.
C s J^ A l* did. The Indian Sailors belonging to
Gemel/i. our Ship, bringing the Water from the
1697. Wood,, were no way molefted by the
U 'Y X J Savages, becaufe they are Friendly a-
mong themfelves. Having taken the
Water, we return’d aboard after Mid-
night, more afraid than hurt y having
flood upon our Guard, not only becaufe
of the Blacks, but alfo on account of the
llnconquer’d SamMos, who live upon
part of chat Mountain.
Wednefday 4th, we ftirr’d n o t, the
Wind being contrary. Thnrfday 5th,
' before day, drove along with the Tide,
and very little Wind, but the Wind then
.{tarring up again ft us, came to an An-
chor near Maribeles. The Governor
came aboard in a little Parao, which is
a Tree hollow’d, with 2 Wings on the
fides, to prevent its overfetting, to bring
our Captain fome Fruit, and then went
away. Friday 6th, the fame Wind con-
tinu’d with thofe Rains, which never
fail about Manila. Saturday 7th, the
Wind frefhning, and the Rain growing
Tempcftuous, we weigh’d Anchor, and
brought the Ship under the fhelter of the
Hill of Satan. The fame Southerly
Winds and Rains continuing, we lay in
the fame place, all Sunday and Monday
the 8th, and 9th. Tuefday 10th, we
were tow’d a little way. Nothing trou-
bled, me but the heat y for there was
none of the other Plague of Lice, fo
freduent in other Ships y becaufe, as has
been faid,in thofe Parts they do not breed
on Europeans. Search was then made,
todifcover whether there were any Jars,
that inftead of Water, were fill’d with
Commodities, upon pretence of carry-
ins them fafer y and feveral were call:
into the Sea foil of Pep per, Purcelane,
and other Goods of Value. The South
Wind cealing, and the North fucceed-
in0’, we weigh’d Anchor W ednej'day the
1 uh, before day, and drove with the
Tide* with little Wind, between M ari-
beles and the Hill of Satan y fo that Sun-
fet we pafs’d the Point o f Marictmdon and
Limbones, and then the Rock of Fortune,
Tburfdoy 12 about Noon, we left a
Stern the defert Ifland of Ambil, and
that next it of Luvan y between which,
and the Point Calavite, in the Ifland of
Mindoro, pafs’d the fo often mention’d
Gakon, St. Jofepb, as it was running to
Perdition. Before Sun-fct, we pafs'd
by Point St. Jam es, in the Ifland of M a-
Vila which makes the Bay of Balayan,
F r id a y 13th, we coafted the Ifland of
Mindoro, where it forms a long Ridge
of high Mountains, and two fides of its
c again empty handed.
t V** j/
(c t |
479
Triangle y belides a long high N e c k of
Land running out towards the South.
This Ifland is moftly Inhabited by Sa-
vage Marxians, not yet fubdu’d. They
are of an Olive Complexion, and wear
long Blair. The Jefuit Miflioners that
were aboard told me, that thefe People
had a Tail half a Spaa long. They ^ Mwh'
do no harm to the Spaniards, and Trade
with thofe few Tributary Indians, who
live in Villages, in the Plains of the I-
Band, under the care of the Barefoot
Fathers, of the Order C i St. Auguftin.
Thefe Savages exchanged Gold, Wax,
Parrots, and other things, for Rice,
and the like. The Ifland abounds in
Buffaloes, Deer, and great numbers of
Monkeys, which run in T roops along
the Shoar, feeking what the Sea affords
to eat.
The Wind riling, and againft us, op-
polite to the Ifland of Maricavan, a place
not far from Manila, where there are
Plenty of Buffaloes and Deer y it was
thought fit to lie by at Night, fince we
could not advance y but the Weather
growing Stormy about Midnight, we
loft all we had gain’d, and fo on Satur-
day 14th, found our felves oppofite to
Cape St. James, and got but little from
it, all the Day after. The worft was,
the Coaft afforded no good Anchoring,
and we had no flicker from the
Wind. Sunday r 5 th, the Violence of
the contrary Wind abating, we coafted
along to Weather the Cape. Firft we
left on the right Hand, a little Bay near
to the Cape, then another larger, call'd,
E l Varadero Viejo, and then the Streight
between the aforemention’d Point of
Mindoro, and the Ifland of M a r ic a v a n y
near the Bay of Baguan, on the Land of
M anila , where are the Garrifons of
Gttarnio,Balaxivo, and Batangas. Turn-
ing the Cape, we came to the Varadero* *
All the Ships that go to Acapulco put in-
to this Port, to take in Wood and Wa-
ter. k is a femicircular Bay, form'd by
a crooked Neck of Land, running out
of Mindoro, and other Iflands oppofite
to it. The greateft Danger in this nar-
row Paffage, is caus’d by the contrary
Currents, which here meet, one of them
running toward Maribeles, and the other
towards the Streight of St. Btm ardin .
After Dinner I went afhore to Hunt not-
withftanding the Ifland was full of Sa-
vages. I could not get into the Woods,
by reafon of the thicknefs of the Trees,
not to be pierced by Dogs, much lefsby
Men y and finding neither Deer, nor
Buffaloes along the fhoar, went aboard
CH AP.
ttSM
//> --- - x’v
\ f)l
4§o A Voyage round the
C H A P .
th e Voyage continu'd, to the P o rt o f
T TAving taken Aboard 200 Jars of
G em elli. I w ater brought us by the King’s
i 691- (jalaot, which expe&ed us there for
V ^ Y V J that purpofe, we fet Sail on M o n d ay
16th, with a frefii Gale at South. We
left on our right Hand near the Coaft of
M m d o ro feven little lilands named from
Bacchus, Pleafiint to behold for their
green Trees, but not Inhabited, apd on
the left Cape G a lv a n of the Land of
M a n ila . At Sun-fet we Sail’d among
the Colonels lilands near the two Iflands
call’d L a s E rm a n a s, or the Sillers; and
then by three others, call’d V irre y e s , or
Viceroys, all full of Trees, but not Peo-
pled.
Tuefday 17th, before Day we pafs’d
between the Iflands of B anto n, and Point
of M a rin d u c ju e , which was on our left.
This I(land abounds in Fruit, and very
nourilhing Roots; as alfo in wild Boars,
Deer, Buffalos, and other Creatures;
and therefore we fent the Chiam pan thi-
ther before us to get frefh Provifions.
Near the Point of M a rin d u q u e is a fmall
Jfland, like that at B anton, call’d Baton-
fillo , or little Button ; behind which is
another call’d S im a ra , inhabited by Ci-
viliz’d In d ia n s , as B anton is. As we
Sail’d Eaft, we faw at a great diflance
on the right the Iflands of Rom blon, Ta-
bias, and S^buyan, all inhabited ; for all
the way from M a n ila to the Em bocadero,
or Mouth of the Streight, is a Laby-
rinth of Iflands, 80 Leagues in length,
and very Dangerous. W ednefday 1 8th,
we were Becalm’d ; but T h u rfd a y 19th,
had a little Wind that carry’d us as far
as the Bland of Sibuyan. F rid a y 20th,
it frefhned, and about Sun-fet we got
through the Streight made by the Iflands
of Bonus and M a sb a te , where there are
rich Gold Mines, and the ftrange Birds
call’d Tavonos, and then by Tic a o , all of
them inhabited by In d ia n s not yet Sub-
du’d, and very Fruitful.
Having coafted along the Bland of
Tic a o all Night, on S a tu rd a y 21ft, in the
Morning, two Hours after Sun-riling,
we came to an Anchor in the Port of
St H ya c in th u s , oppolite to Surfegon.
The A lc a ld e Mayor, or chiefMagiftrate
of A lv a y, came Aboard on Sunday 22d,
and brought the Captain a Prefent of
20 Hogs, 500 Hens, and a great deal
of Fruit. M o n d a y 23 d, the Chiam pan
came from M a rin d u q u e loaded with Re-
I*
U9 >
%L
/
W O R L t). Book HI.
II.
Ticao.
frefhments given them by the Jefuits o f
that Parilh, for the Fathers John G rigo-
ye n , A n to n y B o rg ia , and P e te r A n to n y
M a rtin e z . , who were Aboard us Bound
for N e w Spain ; one to flay there, the
other to go to Rome for the Affairs of
the Million.
The Wind coming up very fair for us
to put into the Bay of T ic a o , we weigh’d
Anchor on T u efd ay 24th, early, and ad-
vancing a little with the Stream, came
to an Anchor in it. A Bare-foot Father
of St. A u g u fiin , that belong’d to that
Province came to bring us fome Refrelh-
ment of Fruit. Going Alhore after
Dinner to Bath me, I was inform’d
that the Village was formerly near the.
Shore, but having been Burnt by the
Pilot of a Ship that put in there, the
In d ia n s _ retir’d half a League up the
Land into the middle of the \V00d.
There are about thirty wooden Houfes
cover’d with Palm-tree Leaves, and the
Church and Dwelling of the Millioners
is of the fame fort. But thefe are the
mofl part of the Year at M a sb a te , be-
caufe the In d ia n s go away into the Moun-:
tains every one to Plant his Gametes, and
G a va s , and only come to that Place
when the Fathers go to make their Vi-
Station.
W ednefday i^ t h , being St. Jam es s
Day, the Wind being contrary, we lay
at Anchor; becaufe the Ship flood in
need of a flrong South Wind to carry
it out of the Streight againft the Cur-
rent. T h u rfd a y 26th, a Muller was made
to fee, if any Man was Aboard without
Licenfe, for which they pay twenty
Pieces of Eight to the King. Sixteen
Perfons who had none were put a Shore,
only 200 remaining Aboard. F rid a y
27th, 500 Bombones of Cane full of
Water were brought Aboard, which the
A lc a d e had causd to be cut by theCap-
tain’s Order; they were eight Spans in
length, and as thick as a Man s Thigh.
The fame Day |frelh Gale llarting up
at South, we weigh’d Anchor to Sail,
but foon dropt it again, the chief Pilot
and his two Mates difagreeing, the firft
being of Opinion there was not Wind
enough. S a tu rd a y 28th, it came about
to North, and fo hindred our Sailing.
It was pleafant to fee the Ship like a
floating Garden with fuch abundance of
Fruit and Greens biought from the
neigh-
' «
@ <3L

Chap.HI Of the Philippinelilanda

f s ^ r i neighbouring Parts, as alfo Swine, and
G em elli. Hens, in their C a ra c a s , or Boats lew d
t S g j. with In d ia n Cane, which have a Sail
made of Mat, Triangular or Pyramidal
faftned to two Poles, and long Canes on
the fides to prevent over-fetting. Shu-
day 29th, the fame Wind continu’d ;
but at Night was a dead Calm, which
lafted M o n d a y 30th, and on Tuefday 31ft,
the contrary North Wind came up a-
gain-
W ed m fday the tft of Jugujt , fome
Boats brought Advice of the fafe Anri-
val of the G alcon, the R o fa ry, from N e w
-Spain. It had caft Anchor for fear of
the Em boccadero, or Mouth of the Chan-
nel, at the Port of P alap a, in the Iiland
of Sarnar, and there landed the Mony
to be carry’d by Land to M a n ila . Thence
fome Boats had tow’d her to the neareft
Coaft of that IHand 3 where when the
Colton has taken Port, it is unlawful to
put to Sea again without frelh. Orders.
The fame contrary Wind kept us ftill
Thurfday 2d. Friday 3d, we Sail’d with
fome thing of a fair Wind, which foon
coming about, we return'd to the Port 3
where the Feftival of St. Dominick was
celebrated Saturday 4th. Sunday 5th, the
Wind blew fo hard at North, that we
were forced to drop another Anchor,
The fame continuing on Monday <Sth,
we diverted the tedious Hours with
Cock-fighting, there being abundance
Aboard, which was not pleafing to me,
becaufe we eat no other Meat. Tuefday
7CI1, the Cbiampan went for Water,
W e d n tfd a y8tli, the Pilot’s Mace had fomc
Words with a PafTenger he carry’d over
on his own Account," who complaining
that his Table was too Poor, the other
Struck him on the Face, and then rim
after him with a Knife. The Captain
defigning to enquire into the Matter-i
would have me be a(lifting to him, but
all the Punilhment ended in caufing them
both to lfand fame Hours in the Bii-
boes. T h u rfd a y pth, after Mid-night the
Wind blew frelh at South-Eaft, fo that
about Noon the Pilot thought fit to Sail
becaufe there is no getting® out at the
Em boccadero, or Mouth of the Channel,
where the Currents are always impetu-
ous, without a Wind that is ftronger
than they. The Emboccadero, or Streighc
is eight Leagues in length ■, and four,
or five, and in fome Places fix over. It
is enclos’d like the Court or Yard of a
Houfe, on the one fide with the Coaft of
the Ifiand of Manila 3 by the Iflands of
Borias, Ticao, ancj Masbate •, by the fix
little Iflands de Its Narayos, or of O
range-Trees, which are defert •, by the
fruitful Iflaild of Capul 3 by the Indians,
call’d A m 3 by the Alupares 3 and Iaftly
by the Weft Coaft of Falapa 3 and on
the other by the Aland of Maripipu, in-
habited by TMxians, Togapala,MongtL
Kamanda, and Limban^uayan, which all
together render the Paflage out towards
America very difficult, what way foever
a Man would go.

C H A P . III.
The Voyage continu'd, to the Marian Iflands,
HE Wind holding brisk at South- upon getting out, there fell fuch violent
T Eaft, the Pilots all agreed to make Storms of Rain, that together with the
their way out of the Streight, and ac- contrary Current, whilft the Moon was
cordingly about Noon weighing the two above the.Horizon, we could not, $ho*
Anchors, the Tide being then with us, the Wind blew hard for us, advance one
they hoifted Sail, and before Sun-fet Step, but rather loft Ground, fo that
were near the Mouth of the Streight 3 we were all Night in great Danger. I
which is made by Cape M alpal, in the was Aftonilh’d, and Trembled to foe the
Aland of Capul, on the South of the fmall Sea have a Motion like Water boiling
lfle of Kalentan, where there are fome over a hot Fire, underftanding that
Flats near Cape Tiklln, and the Ifiand of foveral Ships, itotwithftanding the help
M an ila on the North, two Leagues di- of their Rudder had been by the violence
ftant from one anotlier. It is to be ob- of the Current whirl'd about, and at laft
ferv’d, That between Kalentan and T ik - Wreck’d. Friday 10th, the Tide turn­
er, there is Water enough for a quar- ing for us, we got out of the Streighc
ter of a League over, for the Galcon to before Noon. Firft, we pafs’d near the
pafs •, but the Pilots will not venture in- Coaft of the Ifiand of M an ila , the Moun-
to fuch a Streight, nor into thofe that tain of Bulejfan , where is the burning
lie between the Iflands of Naranjos, and Eruption of Alvai, and the Rock of St.
between Capul and Sam ar. As we were B em ardin , in 13 Degrees of North La-
Vok IV. Pp p titude,

. - 1 ■ . ; (•■ ; ; X I

— i . ' ......- , .. . . . ,■ .. * __________ „ _________

 ■ GoS x
//> — < V \
f 1)1 i i
' ' ',,(
482 ./£ Voyage round the W O R L D.
rv A ^ > ticude, leaving them on our left, and a-
Gondii, bout Sun-fet we had Cape Efpiritu Santo,
1597. orH olyGhoft, on outright*, this being
LO TS* the molt Eafterly Point of the Coaft o f
Palapay and the firft the Galeons difcover,
coming from New Spain, as has been ob-
ferv’d above. It lies in 12 Degrees, and
30 Minutes of North Latitude.
Being come into the open Sea, to our
great Satisfaction, our Cables were coil’d
between Deckg, being to call Anchor no
more till we came into New Spain, and
the Boat was fet Adrift that it might be
o f no hindrance, becaufe we had ano-
ther, in Cafe1 of Need, as the Spaniards
call it, in Quarters, that is, in Pieces ready
to clap together. The South Weft W ind
blew hard all Night, and the Sea being
rough made many Sick. Saturday n t h ,
the Wind continu’d at South W eft, and
taking aii Obfervation we found our
felves in the Latitude o f 14 Degrees,
T h ey that come from New Spain to the
I(lands Sail continually upon the fame
Parallel of 13 Degrees •, for falling from
jtcapuleo , which is in 17 to the 13 afore-
Laid, they alway run in a ftrait Line,
before theWind,on a fmooth Sea (whence
that is call’d the Pacifick Ocean by the
Spaniards) as if they were in a Canal,
without any roughaefs o f W a te r; fo
that they come in 5 o, or at furtheft 6 5
Days to the M a rian Iflands, and thence
in 151 or 20 to the Philippines. On the
contrary, thofe that go thence to N e w
Spain, have a very difficult Voyage j for
the Sea may rather be call’d Inchanted,
than Boifterous 3 and that they may gain
Ground, and not be drove back, as of-
ten happens, they are forced to run a-
way to the Northward, even to 40, or
41 Degrees of Latitude, fometimes com-
ing in fight of Japan 3 that they may
afterwards fall off till they meet with
the Signsy (being Weeds, the Sea of Ca-
lifomia carries fbme hundreds o f Leagues)
and fo continue their Voyage with the
common Winds that are more favoura-
ble. The Pilot propos’d to pafs by the
Iflands de los Ladrones, at 19 Degrees,
and 20 Minutes o f North Latitude
(whereas the general Method is to pafs
them between 20 and 25) that he might
from thence gain the greater Latitude 3
this having of late Years been found by
Experience to be the bell Courfe, and
therefore he direfted his Courfe Eaft
North Eaft.
Sunday 12th, the frefh Gale which had
continu’d all Night fell, and we were
Becalm’d, and by Obfervation we found
our felves in the Latitude o f ^ D e g re e s,
Q9 V
\'v f | 1 if:, iB H 8S §L I
Book III.
and 13 Minutes. That Day the Cloth
the King allows the Seamen to keep them
Warm, was divided among them. Mon-
day 13th, the Calm continu’d, and an
Obfervation fhew’d us to be in the Lad-
tude of 14. Degrees, and 20 Minutes,
Tuefday 14th, the Wind came up at
North W eft, and we Sail’d Eaft and by
North. Our Latitude by Obfervation
14 Deg. 34 Min. The fame Wind con-
tinning, we Steer’d North Eaft on Wed-
nefday 1 5th, and found the Latitude of
14 Deg. and 45 Min. Thurfday itfth,
we were Becalm’d, but the Current car-
ry ’d us fome way, fo that we found 14
Deg. 53 Min. Latitude. Friday 15th, a
fmall Gale turn’d about all the Points o f j
the Compafs, and we found our felves ,
in the fame Latitude. Saturday 18th,
we flood Eaft North Eaft, with little
Wind at N . N. W . and the Latitude
was Deg. 1 Min. The allowance o f
W ater was cut fhorter, becaufe there
was but little, and we had far to Sail.
A t Night the Wind came up W . N. W .
which made us lie Eaft 3 and fb we held
on all Saturday ^19th, in the Latitude of
15 Deg. 24 Min. as alfo Monday 20th,
in r 5 Deg. 34 Min. A t Night a vio-
lent Storm blew, which kept us all A -
wake ; and beat us very heavily all
T u efday 21ft. That Day a little Rain fell,
and every one ftrove greedily to gather
the W ater. W e found 16 Deg. 16 Mini
Latitude ; and the W ind blew at W . S.
W . which held all Wednefday 22d, and
our Conrfe being E. and by N. found
16 Deg. 2 6 Min. Latitude. T h u rfd a y 23d,
we Sail’d Eaft with a N . W . Wind, and
found 16 Deg. 44 Min. Lat. Friday 24th,
the Wind was all North, fo that we flood
Eaft and by North, the Lat. 1 6 Deg. 46
Min. Saturday 25th, the Wind was S. W .
and we flood N- E. and by E. Sunday
2 5 th, the Wind at W . S. W . but we
alter’d our Courfe, the Lat. 17 Deg. 1
Min. The fame W ind and Courfe con-
tinu’d Monday 27th, Lat. 17 Deg. 15
Min. but on Tuefday 28th, we found 17
Deg. 18 Min. tho’ we had been Becalm’d,
Wednefday 29th, the Wind at S. but we
made little way, and found 17 Deg. 34
Min. Lat. Thurfday 30th, the Wind E.
N . E we flood North. No Obfervation
could be taken. Friday 3 1ft, the Wind
came about from W . S. W . to W . N. W .
and ftill no Obfervation to be taken. A -
bout Sun-fet there fell a great Rain, and
all the Thirfty Sailers went out Naked
to gather the Water, fo all the empty
Velftls were foon fill’d. A great Storm
continu’d all Night without taking any
more
t
* .
ll|
Chap. IV. Of the Philippine Iflands.
e \ J^ n more Water for want of ftowage, fo
Gemelli. that there being plenty, all the Men
1697. drefs’d their Rice.
Saturday the firft of September we
ftoodE. and byN . the Wind at S. W.
the Lat. 18 Deg. 50 Min. Sunday 2d. be-
fore Day the Wind came about and
blew hard at Eaft, fo that there was no
faying Mafs, nor taking an Obfervation;
and the Pilots were oblig’d to lower
their Top-mails for fear they ihould
give way and hinder our Voyage, as
had hapned other times for wantofMafts.
We all watch’d Day and Night the Dan-
ger was fo great, for the Waves broke
upon the Galeon, and beat terribly upon
its tides. We lay under a Main-fail
Reef’d and the Image of S. Francis Xa-
verius being expos’d, the Captain vow’d
to make an Offering to the value of the
Sail which was worth 200 Pieces of
Eight; devoutly Attributing to his In-
terceffion the laving of the Sail and Calm-
inf of the Sea. Three Flours before
Day the Wind came about fair.
Monday 3d, the Wind coming to N.
W . we held on our Courfe E. N. E.
and hoifted our Top-mafts again. _ The
fame Day the firft Cachmeta (a fort of
Filh the Spaniards call by that Name)
being taken, ft was expos’d to Sail to
the hilheffi Bidder, according to the
Cuftom fppken of elfewhere. The Cap-
tain bid up to 80 Pieces of Eight, to
make an Offering to the blefled Virgin
of the Conception \ but four Sailers
C H A P. IV.
O f the Difcovery and, Comyueji o f the Marian-Iflands.
_ . rin H e fe Iflands were formerly call’d
mandT 1 De las Velas \ and afterwards by
ot Delos t h t Spaniards, de los Ladrones, or of
udronts. Thieves, becaufe they fometimes put-
tin'1 in there as they went and came be-
tween New Spain and thzPhilippine-llhnds,
the Inhabitants Hole all they could, and
then fled to the Mountains. Michael
Lopez, de Le/afpi took. Pofleflfon of them
for King Philip the 2d, in January 1 $6 5,
when he was going with four Ships and
a Frigat to Conquer the Philippines. But
this PoiTeffion was only in Words, for
there was no Garrifon placed there nor
Fort built, nor were there any Miflio-
ners fent to convert the Inhabitants to
our holy Faith ; perhaps becaufe it was
thought inprafticable to talk of Religion
to Men, who ffiunn’d all manner of Com-
munication with the Spaniards, and fled
Vol. IV.
* -.j£
. i
1 ■
<SL
__ 4%j
bid 5 Pieces more and carry’d the Firth
Afterwards about 20 Cachorrttas and Be-
ttitos were taken, theft are Fifties lull
of Blood, fomewhat like Mackrel. i he
Storm blew again at Night with Rain,
fo that the Sailers could not be got up-
on Deck without beating, there fell foeti
a violent Shower. This VVeather hin-
dred our taking any Obfervation the
next Day being Tucfday 4th, but we
held on our Courfe with that Wind*
Wcdtttfday 5th, the Wind firft at S. W*
and then at S. S. W. the Lat. 19 Deg.
33 Min. About break of Day Thurjday
6 th, we difeover’d four of the Marian-
Iftands, but the Wind would not permit
the Pilot to pafs them by in 19 Deg.
20 Min. Lat. as he had delign’d. When
we had advanced farther we law at a
diftance towards the South, the biggeft
of them, which is exactly ihap’d like a
long Saddle. The fecond bearing up-
on the fame Point, was a ftcep round
burning Mountain, in the Sea Carts call’d
Gn/a, fending out Smoke from the Top.
They told me it was three Leagues in
Compafs, and was Inhabited at the Foot
of the Hill on the South fide; to which
the Mailers Mate of the Galeon added,
That as he pafs’d by at another time,
a great many of thofe. Inhabitants
came out in Boats, to bring him Filh,
Cocos, Buyo and excellent Melons, but
that they never after came to meet the
Galeons, becaufc an extravagant Paflen-
ger had ftruck one of their Men.
to their thickeft Woods. Afterwards
the Fathers of the Society going to and
coming from the Philippines oi\ their
Miflions, out of their Religious Zeal,
feeing thofe wretched People forlaken,
and plung’d in the Darknefs 01 Idola-
try, they propos’d to the Queen Mother,
then Regent during her Sons Minority,
the cultivating of that Vineyard grown
wild under Paganiftn 1 perfwading her
that the Seed of the Gofpel might be
fow’d there to good purpofe, it a Mil-
fion of their Order were Founded. I ha
Queen out of her wonted Piety granted
their Requeft \ whereupon the Gover-
nor of Manila having receiv d Orders
from Court, fet out a convenient, num-
ber of Ships and Men for the Conqueti:
of the Iflands, and with them went as
many Fathers as were thought neceffary.
PPP1 rh<5
W‘:„
■ ..
 §L
n

484 A Voyage round the W O R L D . Book 111.

The Spaniards foon made themfelves ginning at the Line 300 Leagues from Iflands de
Gemelli. Mailers of the lfland Iguana in 13 deg. Callao in Peru, and running Weft ward, losGatyr
1697. of North Latitude, as alfo of Sarpana, the end whereof is not yet known. Thofe gos'
ly 'V X i and then continuing the Conqueft with- that are beft known are not Inhabited,
nhtids ouc any greac difficulty, fubdu’d them and have iio Beafts in them, but only
quer'd nil from 13 to 20 deg. of Latitude, where Birds that are kill’d with Cudgels, being
the burning Mountain is. never frighted by Man, as I was told by
M iffioners The Miffioners had no fuch Succefs, Lome that had been there. The Pyrats
unfuccefs- for venturing to go alone about the I- that go through the Streights of Magel-
ful. Band Preaching, they were ill treated j tan into the South Sea, repair to thefe
particularly F. Morales was hurt with a Iflands to Waih and Tallow. They
Javelin on the' Leg, in a Place near the are call’d de los Galapagos, becaufe of the
burning Mountain. In this fame Place great Quantity of thofe Creatures found
F. S. Vittor receiv’d the Crown of Mar- there, which are very like Tortoifes,
tyrdom 29 Years ago, for having Bap- or rather a fpecies of them,
tiz’d a young Girl without her Father’s The chief of the Marian Iflands is /- ■ UMain^
Confent, and they reckon ten Miffioners guana, and therefore a ftrong Callle is firpma.
in all were put to Death. For this rea- built on it guarded by 80 or 90 Men.
Ion the Fathers are retir’d into the Iflands The fecond is Sarpana, in which there
Tguana and Sarpana, under the Prote&i- is alfo a Garrifon, but the Governor
on of the Spamfh Garrifons. lives in Vmatta. They are both flat, fo
During 177 Years the Spaniards have that the Ships can come no nearer than
continu’d this Voyage paffing between within three Leagues of them. In A ga-
feveral Iflands, they have found this is na there are two Colleges, the one of
a continu’d Row of them from North to Children, the other of Indian Maids, In-
South •, that is, from the Line where it ftru&ed and Govern’d by 12 Fathers of
begins oppofite to new Guinea almoft up the Society, and Maintain’d by the King
to Japan , in 35 deg. of North Latitude, with an Allowance of 3000 Pieces of
Names of The Names given to all the Iflands dif- Eight a Year , befides his Bounty for
thelflands. cover’d in this {pace, are as follow. Igu- Maintenance of the Fathers. His Ma-
ana in 13 deg. Sarpana in 14. Buena vifia jelty generoufly fpends 34000 Pieces of
in 15. Saefpara in 1 5 deg.40 min. A na- Eight a Year to keep thefe Iflands,
tan in 17 deg. 20 min. Sarigan in 17 deg. the Governors Salary being 3000 Pieces
25 min. Guagan in 18. Alamaguan in 18 of Eight, and the reft for a Major, an
deg. 18 min. Pagan in 18 deg. 4 min. hundred Souldiers, the Jefuits and Col-
the burning Mountain of Griga in 1 9 deg. leges aforemention’d. All this is fent
33 min. Tinay and Manga in 20 deg. 45 from New Spain to M anila, with Cloth
min. Vrrac in 20 deg. 55 min. The for the Souldiers. There is alfo a fmall
other three burning Mountains, thefirlt Veilel kept to carry all Neceflaries thi-
in 23 deg. 30 min. the fecond, in 24. ther. The Houfes of the Fathers of the
and the third in 25 deg. The lfland de Society are made of Mud Walls, be-
Tatas is in 25 deg. 30 min. la Defconoci- caufe the Iflands furniih no other Mate-
da in 25 deg. 50 min. Malabrigo in 27 rials. Thofe of the Indians are Huts
deg. 40 min. Guadalupe in 28 deg. 10 cover’d with Boards, or Palm-Tree-
min. The three Iflands of Tecla difco- Leaves like Caves. The lfland is ten
ver’d the 23d of December 1664., by the Leagues in Compafs, and is fix from Sar-
GaleonS. Jofepb between 34 and 36 deg. pana. This is notfo large, nor have the
There are other Iflands from 13 deg. Jefuits any Houfe in it, but repair thi-
of Latitude, towards the Line and N ew ther as there is occafion. There is a
Guinea, not yet known. fmall Garrifon to curb thofe barbarous
There is another Chain of Iflands be- People.

C H A P . V.
O f the People, R eligion , F ru it , Clim ate and, wonderful Boats of the Marian-
Iflands.

T H E Inhabitants of the M arian Backs as if it were nothing. They are

Iflands are of a Gigantick Stature, great Swimmers, and dive fo fwiftly
iflands. Corpulent, and very Strong and will that they will take Fiffi. Before the
fometimes clap 500 weight on their coming of the Spaniards they liv’d under
a Chief,

» 9

'L
j
. . ■ i

......I', ‘ ■ / • I .
HI <SL
Chap.V, Of the PhilippineTfknds. 4 §f
r \ A - ^ a Chief, naked,wandring about the Mouri- Kernels which rolled, taftc like Cheft-
■Gemelli. tains. They knew not what Fire was, nuts, as do thofe of the Giacca. For
1697. or the life of Iron but did eat raw Fife, common Food, there are abundance of
l / V \ ) fometimes rotten, Coeos, and Roots, Roots, as Vbis, Gavas, Camotttf and o-
drinkingfair Water. There never was, thers. The Water is very good. The
nor is there at prefent, any felling among Air is better and more temperate than
them, but only exchange ; and Ihould that of Manila, tho’ that Ifland, beup-
the Spaniards carry never fo many Pie- on the lame Parallel with Iguana, and
ces of Eight, no Man would give them Sarpana.
a Coco-nut or a Hen, and they might The little Boats of thefe Illands are Boats,
ftarve, did they not give Stuff, Cloth, very ftrange, as well for their make, as
or other things thofe People want in ex- fwiftnefs. They are made of two crook-
change. ed Bodies of Trees holiStw’d, and fovv’d
Religion. N ° t0^en ° f any Religion, has been together with Indian Cane. They ard
' * hitherto found in any of the Iflands dif- about 5 or fix Yards long,.and bccaule
cover'd, as feveral Miflioners told me, the breadth of them is qot above four
who had been long there •, only an ex- Spans, and they would eafily overfet,
traordinary Veneration for their An- therefore they join to the tides pieces of
ceftors, not out of Love, but Fear, foiid Timber, which poize themj and
keeping their Skulls in their Houfes, and as for Paflengers, the Boat being fcarce
calling upon them in time of need by able to contain three Indian Sullen, they
Which it appears they have Ibme true therefore lay Boards acrofs in the mid­
notion of the Immortality of the Soul, die, hanging over the Water on both
and that there is forne place for them to fides, where thofe that will be carry’d
reiide in, from whence they can do from place to place, fit. Of the three
good, or harm. Their Language is dif- Sailers aforefaid, one is always in the
ferent from that of the Philippines. Their middle to lade out the Water, which
Weapon is a Spear pointed with the certainly comes in over the fides, and
Bone of a Man’s Leg, or a (harp Stone, at the Seam ; the other two keep one
Produa. Tho’ in thefe Illands the Trees are not at Head, and one at Stern, to move and
fo large and chick as in the Philippines,yet fleer the Boat The Sail is like thofe
the Soil is proper to produce all things we call Latin Sails, that is, Triangular,
necellary for Man's fuftenance. For- made of Mat, and as long as the Boat,
merly there was nothing but the Fruit which being therefore eafy to overfet
of the Country, and lome Hens; but when the Wind is a Stern, they keep
' afterwards the jefuits and Souldiers re- out of it, as much as they can. No fort
fiding there, brought over Rice, Herbs, of Boat, whatfbever, can come near
and other things from the Philippine them for fwifnefs, for they run ten or
Iflands and as for Beaft, Horfes, Cows, twelve Italian Miles an Hour. When
and Swine, they have increas’d conli- they are to return from any place, they
derably in the Mountains. There were remove the Sail without turning the Boat
not fo much as Rats, but the Ships have about, fothat which was the Stern be-
furnilh’d them. No venomous Crea- comes the Head, and he that was in the
turcs at all breed there. Prow , is Steerfman. If any thing is
sim a The moll wonderful and peculiar Fruit to be mended in the Boat, the Goods
Fruit. of thefe Iflands is, the Rim*, which ferves and Paflengers are fet upon the Sail and
the Natives inftead of Bread, and is ve- the Boat is prefenfely righted, and turn’d
ry Nourilhing. The Plant is thick, and up if it was overfet \ thingsfo wonder-
full of Leaves ; the Fruit as big as a ful, the Spaniards themfelves can fcarce
Man’s head, of a Date colour, but prick- believe them, tho’ they fee them every
ly like the Giacca of Goa-, and in the day. Tho’ thefe be fit only fora Ihort
middle is a Kernel, like a white N at cut,yet in a cafe of urgent neceffity, two
Boil’d, or Rolled, it ferves for Bread, and fet out from Iguana, crofling a Sea of
keeps four,or fix Months. TheTafteis 900 Italian Miles, to goto the Philippine
like an Indian Fig, or Plantan. Befides Iflands ; but one of them was call away,
the Mountains abound in Coco-trees. That the Reader may the better com-
The Dncdtt is a Tree like the Pima prehend the manner of them, I have
Duciu> and the Fruit, which is green without, here added the Cut of one.
is like a long Pear. The infide Pulp,
is white and foft, flicking to about ry See Cut NumberIV. Page 45?.

/ CHAP.
■ 1 ' ' ’

' I
’ * :X. JK
m

"

m
|| i *

} ■ . ■ .
9 B7
... .............. . . . . . . . . . .
I
i
{(f ? (flT

486 A Voyage round the W O R LD, Book III.

CHAP. VI.
The A uthor's tedious and dreadful Voyage, to the P ort o f Acapulco.
fN JV y >T ~?Riday the 7th, the Wind beingEaft, weary o f them j and would give them
Gemelli. we flood N. N. E. without taking to any Body for asking. They greedily
1697. auy Obfervation. Saturday 8th, the fwallow’d the Hook, being'deceiv’d by
C/'Y'VJ Wind at S. E. flood E.N E. and found a flying Filh, made of Rags, which as
21 Deg. of Lat. Sunday 9th, the Wind the Ship run under Sail, could fcarce be
S. S. E. flood N. E. the Lat. 21 Deg. 40. diftinguilh’d from the true, as we fliall
Monday' 1 oth, the fame Wind and Courfe obferve hereafter. Sunday \ 6th the
continuing, Lat. 20 Deg. The Skyap- Wind being at S. E. we flood N. E by
pear’d of a_ Violet colour, with green E. The Lat. 25 Deg. 5 Min. Monday
Clouds, which I, and the Fathers of the 17th, the Wind, S. S. W. run E N. E
Society look’d upon as a Prodigy, having Tuefday 1 8th, lay the fame Courfe, tho’’
never fees the like before. The Pilot the Wind was S. W. No obfervation obferva-
began his Devotions for obtaining a good could be taken either day. Four Sharks tionabout
Voyage, and at Night there was Dan- were catch’d, and opening one of them *'lh-
cing, and fuch Sports as the Ship could there were feven fmall ones found alive
affind. Tuefday 1 ith,we were becalm’d; in its Belly. This caus’d an Argument
that Lat. 22 Deg. 10 Min. Wednefday or Difpute, between the Jeju its, the Do-
12th, the Wind at E. S. E. we flood minican, and the Auguflinian, to decide
N. E. the Lat. 22 Deg 37 Min. Here whether this Filh brought forth young
it is fit to acquaint the Reader, thatdu- or not. Some foolifhly faid, the old
ring this long Voyage, there is a ftrange one had fwallow’d them, to fave their
variation of the Needle obferv’d ; for lives, by Vomiting them up again, and
which, neither Pilots nor Mathematici- that they came from Eggs lay’d and then
ans have aflign'd any reafon in 180 Years, kept in the opening under their Jaws
that Voyage has been us’d. It begins at as is faid of other Fillies, and particu-
Cape St. Bernardin, between 12 and 13 luarly the Trout. But the moft receiv’d
Degrees of Latitude, infenfibly increaf- and likelieft Opinion is this, that all Filh
ing for about half the way, to 18 or 20 bring forth their Young hatch’d out of
Deg. for above a thoufand Leagues, the Egg, or form’d out of the Spawn-
There it begins to leflen, till they come for feveral Perfons well vers’d in Sea
to Cape Mendocino, where it is obferv’d Affairs have told me, that there have
to be two Degrees. Now this variation been Eggs found in Sharks, and young
in fome places being N. E. in others N . ones at the fame time. I give it here the
W. and in fome places more, in others Name o f Eggs, becauji the Italian Word
lefs, it is therefore the more unaccount- Uova in the Author,Signifies either Eggs or
able. There is no pretending it is caus’d Spawn, and as fome Fijhes Spawn, others
by the Loadflones, becaufe the Iflands lay Eggs, as do the Tortoifes, Crocodils
are at a vafl diflance, and perhaps a and Sharks here mention'd. To this pur-
thoufand Leagues. The Pilots perceive pofe John Zavaletta a Bifcainer, who had
this variation when the Sun is fetting,for follow’d the Whale Fifhing , feveral
marking the true Weft Point, they then Years in Europe, faid he had often found
fee whether the North, and other two Young Whales in the Belly of the Old
Cardinal Points anfwer. That fame day there fell much Rain!
Thurfday 1 3th, the Wind being S. E. and the Sailers went out naked, to catch
we flood N. E. the Lat. 23 Deg. 30 Min. the Water, fo that they fill’d all the
fo that we were got out of the Torrid, empty Veflels, and therefore inftead of
into the temperate Zone. That Night fhortning the Men’s allowance of Water
it blew a great Storm, and Friday 14th, after two Months and a half Sail, it was
we flood N. the Wind E. N. E. The increas’d.
Lat. 24 Deg. 12 Min. Saturday 14th, Wednefday 19th, the W i n d at E. we
the Wind at E. N. E. we Hill run due flood N. N. E. the* Lat. 25 De^. <0
N. Towards Noon, it blew fo hard that Min. we had fome di verlion with Sharks
the Pilot was forced to lie by, backing that were taken. One great one, was
the Mainfail, and three hours before thrown into the Sea again, with a Board
Night, the Wind came more to N. E. tied to his Tail, none of the Pa/Tengers,
Such abundance of Cachormas were ta- caring to eat any more of them, and it
ken all the day, that the Seamen grew was Pleafant to fee him Swim’ about
without

* M

405 |
Ilf ' <SL

Chap. VI. Of the Philippine I(lands. afij

without being able to dive down; Two taken, by reafon the Ship made fuch
Gemelli. others were ty’d together by the Tails, fwifc way) and ajt Night blew fo hard
1697- one of them being firft blinded, and at S. that the Pilot was forced to low- •
O 'W J then being call: into the Sea, the blind er his Top Sails and Main Yard. A
one oppos’d the other that would have great Storm blowing on Tu efd ay z'<3, at
drawn him down, thinking himfelf ta- S, and the Sea beating hard upon us,
ken. Thurfday 20th, we were becalm’d we were forced to lie by the Forefail
till Noon, at which time a little Wind back'd, and the Waves beat fo furioufly
blew at S. E. and we flood E. N. E. The on the Rudder, that the Whipflaffbroke *
lat. 26 deg. Friday 21ft, the Wind at the lat. 33 deg. 20 min. The Wind
S. W. we lay the lame Courfe, andma- came about to N. W. but the Storm no-
king much way, caught abundance of thing abated; but rather increaling, the
Cachorretas, with the fame Bate, of a Ship was tofs’d upon vail Mountains of
flying Fifh made of Rags, for thofe Fifhes Water, and then again feem’d to link
running to catch it, were hung in the to the Abyfs, the Wavej breaking over
Hook hid under it. That Night the Pi- it. No fire could be lighted, and fo all
lats two Mates began their nine days De- eat cold Meat,' and th "ere was no Cho-
votion, with abundance of Lights, and coiate to be made [the Author was ve-
gave Sweetmeats to all the Company ■, ry dainty, to expert Chocolate at all
and at Night there was Dancing, and times] and there was no Handing or
afling of parts made extempore. Sa- fitting in a place, but we were tofs’d front
turday 22d, the Wind at S. we flood N. fide to fide. About Midnight I had like
/ E. and by E. the lat. 27 deg. Sunday 23d, to be knock’d in the Head, by two Lin-
held the fame Courfe, the Wind at S. E. flocks of the Guns falling upon my Bed.
the lat. 27 deg. 30 min. Monday flood Wedttefday 3d, the fame Wind continu-
as before, lat. 28 deg. 12 min. Tuefday ing, the Storm was nothing abated-,
25th, the Wind blowing frelh at S. S. we fleer’d N. E. and by E. All this time
E. we fleer’d E. N. E. the lat. 29 deg. 3 we had feen Sea Fouls, but this day two
min. That Night we were very watch- Ducks flew by us. Befides a Sailer
ful, to avoid two fmall Rocks in the lat. catch’d a little Bird, like a Canary Bird,
of 30 deg. Wedttefday 2dth, the Wind which being carry’d away by the Wind’
at S. we Hood N. E. to get a greater found no place to flay itfelf, but the’
lat. which we found to be 29 deg. 58 Rigging. The Captain endeavour’d to
min. Thurfday 27th, a great fhower keep it in a Cage, but being quite fpent,
fell, and the Wind blowing at E. made with hunger and wearinefs, it dy’d the
us run N. and by E. the lat. 30 deg. 30 fame day, and there was Sand found in
min- Friday 28th, flood N. E. the lat. its Belly. This little Creature fet the
30 deg. 49 min. the Needle varying a Pilot, his Mate, and the Paflengers up-
Point N. W. Saturday 29th, the Feafl on arguing whence it could come $ and
of S. Michael was kept, that being our they concluded it certainly came from
Captain’s Name, extraordinary allow- Rica de Plata, an Ifland 30 Leagues di-
ance was given, and a Play afted. The flant Southward, being carry’d away by
Wind blew at S. E. and we flood at N. the Wind; the lat. was 34 deg. 7 min.
E. and by E. the lat. 31 deg. <8 min. The Pilots fuppofe the Iflands, Rica de
Sunday 30th, the lat. was 31 deg. 58. Oro and Rica Plata, with others about
min. fo that we thought our felves a- them to be the Iflands of Salomon ; but
bout the lat. of an Imaginary Ifland, re- 1 am of Opinion thefe are imaginary I- imaginary
puted to be rich in Gold,and placed in the Hands, becaufe as long as this Voyage has iflands.
Sea Carts, in 32 deg. wanting fomefew been us’d they have never been feen. The
min. whereas it is certain no Body ever Situation andLatitudeofthelflandsofSale-
faw any fuch Ifland. Till now we Sail’d mon is unknown; nor could they ever be
N. E- and by E. the Wind being S. E found in fomany Years as they have been
then follow’d a Calm till Mid-night, af- fearch’dafterbytheKing’sOrder.AGaleon
ter which the Wind came up at S. S. E Sailing from Mamla for New Spain, was
and we Hood N. E. That Night the Ma- drove by Tempefl upon an Ifland. The
Her began his nine days Devotion, treat- Stormhaving remov’d and thrownawayall
ing the Company, and Dancing. the Earth, a bout the Hearth, or Furnace
Monday the firft of October, the Wind in the Cook-room, they took fome from
continuing at E. S. E. we fleer’d N. E. the Ifland to put it in the place of it.
and by N. the lat. 32 deg. 28 min. Af- When the Galeon came to Acapulco, this
terwards the Wind cametoS. E. (abun- Earth being remov’d, they found under
dance of Cachorret as and Albacoras being it a Mafs of Gold, which the violent
Heat

I v • - 4

1 . <
$ € ,8 9
f(D!
-- \ V \
488 A Voyage round the W O R L D.
rV-A^v Heat of the Fire had melted and fepa-
Gemelli. rated from the Earth. The Commander
k 597 . admiring at this unexpeffed Accident,
v acquainted the Viceroy of Mexico with
it, and he theKing, who order’d a Sqga-
tlron to be fitted out to find theft Iflands,
the Pilot having taken their Latitude,
In Ihort, the A dd antado I). Alvaro de
Mendoza* fail’d from Callao, the Port of
Lim a, in the Year 159*5, with fome
Ships to find out thefe lllands of Salo-
mon, whereof tliut above-mention’d was
fuppos’d to be one. After a long and
tedious Voyage he lighted upon an Ifland
of Blacks of New Guinea, near the Line,
on the South fide of it, where he, and
many of his Men dy’d ; and his Wife
ths. Lady Elizabeth Barreto return’d with
only one Ship to Manila, the reft being
loft in the vain Search after thefe rich
Iflands. See more o f this Particular in the
fragment o f the Iflands o f Salomon.
1). Antony de Medina, about 30 Years
fince, offer’d the King to go upon this
Difcovery, relying on the great fvXpe-
rience he had learnt on thofe Seas. Or-
ders being therefore fent to the Viceroy
of Mexico, and Governor of Manila, to
fend him Commander of the Galeon that
was to return from Acapulco to the Phi-
lippine Iflands, the Viceroy gave him
that Poft i but the new Governor of
Manila, who was Aboard the Galeon,
when they were far enough from New
Spain, depri v’d him of the Command,
and put into it him that came front M a-
nil*. Medina highly refenting this Af-
froat, as fooa as he came to the Iflands,
ftoleaway in a final! Boat to China, in
order to go over from thence to M a-
drid , to make his Complaint to the King;
but there being no News ever heard of
him, it is fuppos’d he was kill’d by Py-
rates.
Thurfday 4th, the Wind coming about
to North, and then to N. N. W. we
fail’d E. for fear of running upon Rica
de Plata , and found the lat. but 33 deg.
30 mip. It was there very Cold. The
Pilots laid the Current there help’d the
‘ way of thcCWs;' Friday 5r.l1, the Wind
blew at Eaft, and we Tail’d North, and
then N. and by E. the lat. 33 deg. 50
min. A Storm riling in the Night, the
Galeon was let run at Pleafure. Saturday
ffth, the Storm increafing, the two Top-
Mafts were lower’d, and we drove with
the Wind. Thefe are the ufual Storms
obferv’d to happen before and after the
Feaft of St. Francis, perhaps by reafon
of the Equinox. After Noon the Wind
being S. E. we ftcer’d N. E. under a Fore-
■ V S_
I "
b i o
§l
Book il I.
Sail 5 but the Wind blowing a mighty
Storm again, we drove as before. Sm-
day 7th, we flood N. and by W. the
Wind being Eaft, with terrible Waves
breaking over the Poop. Monday 8th,
the Wind being South, we fail’d N. E.
and by E. leaving the imaginary Ifland
of Rica de Plata South, in the lat. of 34
deg. 30 min. and found our felves in 36
deg. 20 min. Tnefday 9th, the Wind
abating, and by degrees growing flack
at S. E. we fleer’d N. £. and by E. At
Night it blew harder. Wednefday 10th,
fail’d E. N. E, with the fame Wind 5.
the lat. 37 deg. 34 min. Thurfday 1 ith,
fleer’d N. E. and by E. and after Noon
N. £. the Wind coming toE. S. E. Fri­
day 12th, flood N. E. and by E. and af-
terwards N . N. E. the Wind blowing
S. E. and E. S. E. T o avoid running
further to Northward the Pilot tack’d
about to Southward, the Wind blowing
bard at E. S. E. In this Latitude we ob~
ferv’d the Sky was always clouded, and
a fmall Rain fell, which the Spaniards call
Garuva. Saturday 13th, betimes we
tack’d about to N . E. the fame S. E.
Wind continuing. The Cold was very
lharp, but the Indians and Blacks Born
iji hot Countries were moft fenfible of it.
Sunday 14th, by reafon of the beating
of the Sea, and breaking of the Waves
Mate could not be faid ; at Night we
drove, the Wind being contrary; and
at Mid-night fail’d Eaft, the Wind at N.
N. E. But coming to N. E. on Monday
15 th, we tack’d abent to S. E . and fae-
fore Noon the Wind coming to E. S. E.
we were forced to Tack again. The
lat. upon Obfervation 36 deg, 30 min.
for we made Southward. At Night the
Wind chang’d. Tuejday 16th, the Wind
at E. S. E. we flood N. E. but it corn-
ing about to Eaft, oblig’d us to Steer
N - N .E . and N. E. and by N. The
lat. 37 deg. 2 min. The Rain which fell
all thefe Days wet many Bales and Chefts
of Silk, and other Goods of China to the
great Lofs of the Owners.
Wednefday 17th, we were Becalm’d,
the lat. but 37 deg. At Sun-fet the
Wind came up S. S. W. which made us
Steer Eaft, but the Calm returning at
Mid-night we drove N. N. W. The
fame Wind coming up again Thurfday
18 th, we fail’d Eaft, which was our
Courfe ; tho’ to do it fkfely we were to
keep in the lat. of 36 deg. 42 min.
which is the greateft Elevation Ships ufe
to take in this Voyage. This they do,
becaufe if they do not place themfelves
enough to the Northward, before they
■ meet j
®\ %/
.%
\
mi
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%
Chap. VI. Of the Philippine Iflanda
meet the Senas, that is, the floating W. Tuefday 2,3d,_before. Day the Wind
Gemelli. Weeds before mention’d, being once to fetled at N. blowing fo hard, that the
1697. the Leeward from the Coaft of Cape Galeon made much wayE. and by N, the
l/ V V J M ir do to California, it will be very hard lat. 36 deg. 16 min.
afterwards to get to the Northward.
So it hapned fix Years before to the Pink
that let out for New Spain, after the Ga-
lean St. Jofeph was call away 3 for having
run up to 35 deg. of lat. and not keep-
ing up to that fame, it could never meet
the Senas, or Weeds by reafon of its
being fallen to Leeward 3 and all the
Seamen had infallibly dy’d for want of
Meat and Drink, had not Providence
provided they Ihould put into an un-
Illand dif- known Ifland in the lat. of 18 deg. 20
cover’d, min. which being found on St. Sebaflian’s
Day, had his Name given it. Here they
got Water out of a little Lake 5 and
Flefli by killing abundance of Birds,
which the Spaniards call Bobos, or Fools
(elfewhere fpoken of) which they car-
ry’d faked in Earthen Velfels. This
Ifland was fmall, plain, and full of plea-
fant Trees. After Dinner the Wind
came to North, and we fail’d E. and by
N. The lat. 36 deg. 30 min. Friday
19th, we were Becalm’d, the lat. 36
deg. 19 min. the Current driving us to
Southward. The Wind came up at S. W.
and we fteer’d E. and by N* It blew
hard at Night 3 and the Major Arambolo
began his nine Days Devotion. Saturday
20th, held the fame Courfe. A fmall
Rain quell’d the Wind. The lat. of 36
deg. 30 min. Sunday 21 It, we had a
ttoublefome Calm, but at length the
Wind came up at S. W. and we fteer’d
E. and by N. the lat. 36 deg. 37 min.
the Needle varying a Point Eaftward,
we flood Eall to make the more way.
Tho’ this variation be fometimes more,
and fometimes lefs, yet by it the Pilots
know how far they are from Land. The
light of a Dove rejoiced all Aboard 3
taking it as a good Omen of the fuccefs
of a Voyage, and guefling we might fee
Land within a Mouth. They thought
that Dove might be drove by the Wind
from che Ifland they call of D. M aria
Laxara (becaufe in that Latitude a Spa-
nijh Woman fo call’d, coming from M a-
nila, caft her felf into the Sea) where
there is fuch abundance of them that
they darken the Air. Yet they are not
Land Doves, tho’ like them in Beak and
Feathers, but of the Sea, and have Feet
like Ducks. This Ifland is in the lat. of
31 deg. Monday 22d, the Wind conti-
uu’d to blow bard at S. W. as it had
done the Night before, fo we fteer’d E.
and by N. but at Night it came to N- N.
Vol. IV.
•% 0 .
0 , '/ ~ '
'N |
§l
48 9
There is no doubt but this Voyage ships I0ft
has always been dangerous and dreadful,
In 1575, the Ship Efpiritu Santo, or the
Holy Gholt was caft away at Catandua-
who could not find out the Emboccadero
or Mouth of the Streight. in 1595, the
,
ms, through the Ignorance of the Pilot,
contrary Winds drove the, Galeon St. Phi-
lip as far as Japan 3 where it was taken
by way of Reprifal with all the Lading
defign’d for New Spain 3 which gave oc-
calion to the Emperor Tuycofama then
Reigning to Perfccute the Chriftians,
wherein he proceeded fo far as to put
to Death F. Peter, a Recolet, who went
thither from Manila with the Character
of Ambaflador, the better to Exercife
the Fun&ion of a Miflloner. In 1602,
two other Galeons were call: away, and
others after that. Nor is the Difficulty
and Danger any lefs at prefent 3 tho’ the
Voyage has been us’d almoft two Ages 3
for many Galeons are loft 3 and others
having fpent their Malts, or drove by
contrary Winds return, when they are
half way over, after lolTng many Men
at Sea, and the belt but ill condition’d,
as hapned to the Galeon Santo Chrifio not
long fince.
The Wind continu’d to blow hard at
North all Night, and Wednefday 24th,
and put us on E. and by N. Abundance
of Pigeons were feen about the Ship.
The Captain becaufe of the lharpnefs of
the Weather caus’d fome Wine ofPalm-
tree to be diftributed among the Sailers,
to warm their Stomachs. The lat. 35
deg. 45 min. The Pump was ply’d eight
or ten times in 24 Hours, the Ship made
fo much Water. The Wind from North
came to N. N. E. which oblig’d the Pi-
lot to back the Main Sail, keeping her
Head E. S. E. that Ihe might not fall a-
way to Southward. Tburfday 25th, we
continu’d the fame Method lying fome-
times one way, and fometimes another,
to Rack the Galeon the lefs 3 and found
the lat. but 35 deg. 10 min. The Wind
blowing harder at Night, the two Top
Malts were ftruck. A great Shower of
Rain laid the Wind , and calm’d the
Sea 3 yet we lay by moll part of the
Day, the Rain continuing with Thunder,
and Lightning. Thefe were look’d up-
on as Tokens of our being near the
Continent, oratleaft fome Ifland 3 fome
being of Opinion that Thunder and
Lightning could not be produced, but
Q. q q from
^ > .
...
m ■
r --------- - ............. ....... ............ n------- --------- "— -—1—f _
490 A Voyage round the W O R L D.
fv A -o from the fiery Exhalations of the Earth;
OemtHi. and not from Vapours riling out of the
( 1697. Watery as if in the Air over the Wa*
V 'W ter, there might not be much Niter,
Sulphur, and the like, to occalion Thun-
der and Lightning. At Night we fleer’d
N. and by E. the Wind at E. and E. N.
E. Three Hours in the ftormy Night,
that Light the Sailers call Santelmo, ap-
pear’d on the round Top, and was la-
luted by all the PafTengers as the fore-
runner of fair Weather. Saturday 27th,
we fleer'd firft N. N. E. and then E. and
by N. the Wind at E. and E. 5 . £. with
much Rain. Sunday 28th, the Thunder
' and Rain continu’d, and the two Top
Malts being hoifted again, we fleer’d
firlt E. and by N. arid then E. N. E. and
laftly, N.E. the Wind being at S. S.E.
S. E. and E. S. E. The lat. 36 deg. 10
min. The Wind grew more favourable
at Night, and fo we fail’d E. N. E. to
gain the Latitude we had loft againft our
Wills. The Sky clearing on Monday
29th, the Sun fhio’d out bright to chear
the Hearts of the PafTengers, who had
been fo many Days buryd under dark
Fogs, and Rains, the Wind coining to
S. W. we fleer’d £. and by N.
Hardlhips The poor People flow’d in the Cab-
Aboard, bias o f the Gabon bound towards the
Land of Promife of New Spam, endure
no Iefs Hardlhips than the Children o f
Jfrael did, when they went from Egypt
towards PaleJHne. There is Hunger,
Thirft,Sicknefs,Cold,continual Watch-
Ing, and other Sufferings y betides the
terrible Shocks from fide to fide, caus’d
by the furious beating of the Waves,
I may further fay they endure all the
Plagues God fent upon Pharaoh to fof~
ten his hard Heart; for if he was infe-
fted with J.caprofy, the Gabon is ne-
ver clear of an univerfal raging Itch,
as an addition to all other Miferies. If
the Air then was fill’d with Gnats ; the
Ship fwarms with little Vermine, the
Spaniards call Gorgojos, bred in the Bis-
k e t; fo fwift tlut they in a flaort time
not only run over Cabbins, Beds, and
the very Dilhes the Men eat on, but
infenfibly faften upon the Body. Inftead
of the Locufts, there are ftveral other
forts of Vermin of fundry Colours, that
fuck the Blood. Abundance of Flies
fall into the Dilhes of Broth, in which
there alfo fwim Worms of feveral forts,
In Ihort, if Mofes miraculoully convert-
ed his Rod into a Serpent, aboard the
Gabon a piece of Flelh, without any
Miracle is converted into Wood, and in
the lhape of a Serpent. 1 had a good
^ _b
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. (s i .
.................j ■"■"»■—■ ' ■' —
Book in .
lhare in thefe Misfortunes; for the Boat-
iwain, with whom 1 had agreed for my
Diet, as he had Fowls at his Table the
firlt Days, fo when we were out at Sea
he made me Fall: after the Armenian
manner, having Bamfivd from his Table
all Wine, Oyl arid Vinegar ; drefling
his Fifii with fair Water and Salt. Up-
on Flelh Days he gave me Taffajos Fri-
w , that is, Steaks of Beef, or Buffalo,
dry’d in the Sun, or Wind, which are
fo hard that it is impoflible to Eat them,
without they are firlt well beaten, like
Stockfilh; nor is there any Digefting
them without the help of a Purge. At
Dinner another piece of that fame fticky
Flelh was boil’d, without any other Sauce
but its own hardnefs, and fair Water,
At Lift he depriv'd me of the SatisfaftE-
on of gnawing a good Bisket, becaufe
he would fpend no more of his own,
but laid the King’s Allowance on the
T ab le; in every Mouthful whereof
there went down abundance of Maggots,
and Gorgojos chew’d and bruis’d. Ou
Filh Days the common Diet was old rank
Filh boil’d in fair Water and Salt; at
Noon we had Mongos, fomething like
Kidney Beans, in which there were fo
many Maggots, that they fwam at top
of the Broth, and the quantity was lb
great, that befides the Loathing they
caus’d, I doubted whether the Dinner
was Filh or Flelh. This bitter Fare was
fweetned after Dinner with a little Wa-
ter and Sugar; yet the Allowance was
but a fmall Coco Shell full, which rather
increas’d than quench’d Drought. Pro-
vidence reliev’d us for a Month with the
Sharks arid Cachorretas the Seamen caught,
which either boil’d, or broil’d were fome
Comfort. Yet he is to be pity’d who
has another at his Table ; for the tedi-
oufnefs of the Voyage is the caufe of
all thefe Hardlhips. ’Tis certain, they
that take this upon them, lay out Thou-
fands Of Pieces of Eight, in making the
neceflary Provifion of Flelh, Fowl, Filh,
Bisket, Rice, Sweetmeats, Chocolate,
and other Things ; and the quantity is
fo great, that during the whole Voy-
age, they, never fail of Sweetmeats at
Table, and Chocolate twice a Day, of
which laft the Sailers and Grummets
make as great a Confumption, as the
richeft. Yet at laft the tedioufnefs of
the Voyage makes an end of a ll; and
the more becaufe in a fhort time all the
Provifions grew Naught , excepc the
Sweetmeats and Chocolate, which are
the only comfort of Paflengers. Abun-
dance of poor Sailors fell Sick, being
expos’d
f :
%'
„ 7* ^ \ f-
111 1 ■
Chap. Vi. Of the Philippine Wands.
f s j ' s ^ expos’d to the continual Rains, Cold,
Gemelli. and other Hardfliips of the Seafon •, yet
1597. they were not allow’d to Talte of the
goodBisket, Rice, Fowls, Spanifh Bread,
and Sweetmeats, put into the Cuftody
of the Matter by the King’s Order, to
be diftributed among the Sick; for the
boneft Matter fpent all at his own Ta-
ble. Notwithftailding the dreadful Suf-
ferings in this prodigious Voyage, yet
the defire of Gain prevails with many
to venture through it, four, fix, and
fome ten times. The very Sailers, tho’
they Forfwear the Voyage when out at
Sea* yet when they come to Acapulco,
for the Lucre of 275 Pieces of Eight,
the King allows them for the Return,
never remember paft Sufferings j like
Women after their Labour. The whole
Profit of Pay is 350 Pieces of Eight 3 but they
this Yoy- have only 75 paid them at Cavite, when
a£e< they are bound for America \ for if
they had half, very few would return
to the Philippine Iflands for the reft. The
Merchants, there is no doubt get by
this Voyage, an hundred and fifty, or
two hundred per Cent, and Fa&ors have
nine in the Hundred, which in 2, or
300000 Pieces of Eight amounts to Mo-
ny. And indeed it is a great Satisfa-
tftion to return Home in lefs than a Year
with 17, or 18000 Pieces o f Eight clear
Gains, befides a Man’s own Venture j
a Sum that may make a Man eify as long
as he Lives. Captain Emanuel Argucl-
les told me, That he without having a-
ny Employment, (hould clear to him-
felf that Voyage by Commiflions 25, or
30000 Pieces of Eight. It was reckned
the Pilot would make 20000 Pieces of
Eight ■, his Mates 900O each. The Cap-
tain of the G aleo n 40000. The Matter,
his Mate, and Boatfwain, who may put
Aboard feveral Bales of Goods, may
make themfelves Rich in one Voyage,
He that borrows Mony at fifty per Cent,
may get as much more, without ftand-
ing to the Hazard of Lofles. Thefe ex-
traordinary Gains enduce many to Ex-
pofe themfelves to fo many Dangers
and Miferies. For my own part, thefe
nor greater Hopes (hall not prevail with
me to undertake that Voyage again,
which is enough to Deftroy a Man, or
make him unfit for any thing as long as
he Lives. I have made this Digreffion
to fhow the Reader through what Thorns
Men muft venture to come at the fo
much coveted Rotes of Riches. The
Spaniards, and other Geographers, have
given this the name of the pacifick Sea,
as may be feen in the Maps \ but it does
Vol. IV.
I
<SL
49 i
not fute with its tempeftuous and dread-
ful Motion, for which it ought rather
to be call’d the Reftlefs. But theTruth
is, the Spaniards gave'it this fine Name
in failing from Acapulco to the Philippine
Iflands* which is perform’d very ealily
in three Months, without any boifterous
Motion in the Sea, and always before
the Wind, as was laid before,
Tuefday 30th, the Wind bidwing hard
at S. W. we fteer’d E. and by N. but
afterwards the Wind dame about to the
Weft Stormy .The lat. 36 deg. 40 min.
and we fteer’d E. N. E. it being requi-
fite to get more to the Northward. That
Night the Waves beat fo violently that
ten Men were fain to ftand to the Helm,
Wednefday 31ft, the Day broke with thd
Wind at N. W. which made us Steer
E. and by N. A piece of Wood being
feen on the Sea about eight Spans long,
and wrought, it was look’d upon as a
Token of being near Land 5 but it might
as well be the Sign of a Wreck. No
Obfervation was taken,
The Month of Ottobcr ending with
fo many Hardfliips, the Sky appear’d
Serene, and the Sea Calm on Thurfday
the firft of November. At Night the
Wind was N. W. and came to W. we
fteer'd E. N. E. The lat. 37 deg. 18 min.
All the Night the Wind blew hard at
N. W . and fo continu’d Friday 2d, with-
out any Alteration, and we held on our
Courfe E. N. E. the lat. 37 deg. to min.
and therefore perceiving we fell off to
Southward, by feafoa of the Cilrrents,
we flood N. E. and by E. Saturday 3d,
the Wind turn’d to N. N . W. and there-
fore we fteer’d E. N. E. We faw ano*
ther piece of Wood, but not Wrought*
which confirm’d the Hopes of our being
near Land ; notwithftanding the Pilots,
being deceiv’d by the Currents which
ran E. reckned themfelves above an hun-
dred Leagues further off The Wind
at Night coming up again at N. W. we
fail’d N. E. and by E. afterwards it
chang’d to N. N. E. and we ftood Eaft
Sunday 4th, the Wind being more fa-
vourable fteer’d E. N. E. The lat. 37
deg. 14 min. Monday 5th, Wind at N»
W. Courfe N. E. and by E. lat. 39 deg.
2 min. Afterwards we flood E. and the
Wind coming fcant at Night we run E.
S. E. Tuefday 6th, fail’d E. and E. S. E.
the Wind being at N. N. E. and N. E.
We found we were fallen to Southward,
the lat. being 36 deg. 40 min. nor could
it be otherwife as long as that Wind
continu’d. At Night the Wind N. N. E.
fail’d Eaft. Wednefday 7th, the Wind
Q .q q 2 coming
1/ ^ v —n\ \

m * * . - • M
' ©
w S S m - ^ i

492 ^ fpm4 the W O R L D* Book 111

rv _ A /i coming to N. E. we flood E. S. E. the ing hard we could carry no mare but a
Gcmelli. lat. 3d deg. 10 min. At Night we tack’d Fore-Sail and Top-Sail. The lat. 39
16 9 7 . about to N. N. W. to avoid falling off deg. 38 min. lb that the Pilots thinking
any more to Southward. Thtcrfjay 8th, we had 110 occafton to gain more to
held the fame Courfc, the lat. 36 deg. Northward , we ftood E. and by N. end
13 min. The Moon was Eclips’d at the rather becaufe at Night the Wind
Night, but could not be fecn by tea fort came to N. W. At Sun-fet about fifty
of the Clouds. Friday 9th, in the Morn- Ducks flew over our Prow, which made
ing the Wind N .N .E . and therefore we us conclude we were near Land. Tuejf-
fteer’d N. W. and by W. lat. 3d deg. day 2,0th, fleer’d Eaft, which was our
1 7 qiin. Saturday \oth, the fame Wind proper Courfc. That Day the North
continu'd, lat 36 deg. 40 min. Sunday Wind blew the caldeft we had yet felt,
1 itb, the Wind at Eaft, we ftood N. and it Hail’d for half ati Hour, which 1
N. E. lat. 37 deg. 25 min. Monday 12th, had never leen lince I left Europe. This
Wind E. S. E. fail’d N. E. and then E. made the Blacks Aboard creep into the
N. E. lat. 3S deg. Tnefday s 3th, the very Hen Coops3 and thofe that got
Wind South, fail’d E. and by N. The under the Deck could not be got out
Cold began to Nip, and the few Provi- at Night to do their Bnfineft, if they
Hons there were left Corrupted. They had Beaten them never fo much3 fo that
were therefore us*d very fparingly, and they Poifoa’d the Place where they lay,
‘ in the beffc Mefles they gave a Difh of and in the Morning all was full of Corn-,
Chocolate 3 in the Morning betimes, fome plaints of the Seamen.' The lat. was
other fmall Matter two Hoars before found to be 39 deg. 20 min. having loft
Noon, and the Dinner late. In the 18 min. of Elevation. Afterwards the
Evening they gave another Diih of Cho- head Pilot and his two Mates declar’d
colate, and later fome Sweetmeats with- how much they had been miftakoi. The
out any Supper. The Wind veer’d quite firft reckned we were ninety Leagues
round the Compafs, Wcdnefday 14th, the from Land; the others fe verity, and
S. W. Wind put us on a great Rate, but the other iixt’y under Cape Mendocino.
In the Evening it came to Weft. We The North Wind continu’d Cold with
law a large Branch of a Tree with fmall Hail, and we held our Courfc Eaft.
Boughs brought by the Current from Wednesday 71 ft, being the laftDay, witb-
the Continent. No Obfewation could in which I had laid a Wager that we
be taken. Thurfday 15, we made good Ihould fee Land s none being feen I loft
w ay E. and by N. the Wind continuing a pair of Gold Buttons with Emeralds
at W. but afterwards came to N. W . in them. The lat. 38 deg. 45 min. At
The lat. by Obfcrvation 3 9 ; and we Night the Wind came to Weft fome-
ftood N. E. and by E. to get more to what Stormy, and grew ftill more Boi~
Northward, for fear the Wind ihould fterous till four of the Clock 3 after
come to N. E. Abundance of Toning which we faw the Light, they call San­
er Tunny Fifhes were feen about the ttimo, on the Main, and Fore-round Top,
Cidean, which they fay do not go far which was faluted by all, as a good Qr
from Land. After Mid-night the Wind men. The Ship row I’d much all Night 3
came again to S. and S. E. which conti- and the Wind coming to N. W. we
nu’d all Friday idth, and at Night chang’d fail’d £. and by N. Thurfday 22d, we
to W. S. W. our Gourfe was E. N. E. ftood the fame Courfe, the Wind at N.
No Obfervation could be taken. A t N. E. lat. 38 deg. 3 min. Finding we
Night the Wind at S. fell away to Southward, by reafon of
Saturday 17th, it blew hard at S.‘ W . the Current which run S. E. we back’d
The Indians Born at Manila, where our Main-Sail. A great Storm of Hail
they are always in a Sweat, could not fell, and the Wind blew hard in the
endure the Cold of this Climate. We Night at North, fuelling the Sea, which
held on our Gourfe E- N. E, but only made us beat furioufly.
under a Fore-Sail, becaufe it blew a Friday 23d, the Wind N. N. W. with
Storm. The fame Weather lafted Sun- Hail and Rain. The Gateon lay with the
day fo furious, that there was no faying Sails back’d, very much tofs’d , the lat.
Mafs. The Wind afterwards falling, and 37 min. left than the Day before, the
coming again to N. W. we held on our Wind and Current driving us to South-
Courfe E. N. E. The lat. 39 deg. 20 ward 3 fo our lat. was 37 deg. 26 min.
min. In the Evening, the Wind came The Pilot perceiving be fell off from
again to S. W. and lafted part of Mon- the Land by lofing Latitude, ftood his
day 19th, then changing to W. but blow- Courfe N. E. and by E. the Wind be­
ing

w f 4 '
f t) !
-- =
------ -- — ............................................■■-....... .... ......... -j------------------- ------- ~--------- ---- „
Chap. VI. Of the Philippine Iflahds.
rvA > 0 ing N. N. W. Saturday 24th, in the
Cemclli. Morning the Wind N. W. fail’d N. E.
36^7. and at Night with a Gale at W. S. W.
• LTW j flood E. N. E. This Day we faw ano-
ther large piece of aTree in the Sea. A t
Night it blew a Storm at W . with a
rowling Sea, and we law Santelmo on the
Round a third time. Sunday 25th,
held the fame Courfe, but began to be
out of hopes of feeing the Senas, or
Weeds, tho’ we were run as many
Leagues as the Pilots had calculated
would bring us near Land. A violent
Wind with Hail beat the Ship, but at
the fame time drove it on a great Rate,
The Wind ftill riling, after Noon we
fleer’d N. E. and by E. to difeover Land,
or the Senas or Weeds. At Night we
run £. N. E. and E. S. E. the Pilot
altering his Courfe as the Wind chang’d,
The Storm lafted all Night, the Sea run-
ningfohigh, and beating with fuch fu-
ry, that twelve Men could hardly Ma-
nage the Helm. At Mid-night the Light
Santelmo appear’d the fourth time above
the Main-Maft 3 but the Storm continu’d
at Weft. Monday 25th, held on our
Courfe E. and E. N. E. with a boifterous
1 Sea, but made much way. The lat 37
deg. x s min. Tuefday 27th, the fury of
the Storm began to abate, after it had
toil'd us for three Days, tho’ we ran
before the Wind 3 which now coming
to S. W . we ftood E. The lat. 37 deg.
45 min. A t Night there blew a Storm
which oblig’d the Pilot to back his Main-
Sail, tho’ the Wind was fair. Wednefday
28th, the Wind blowing furioufiy at S.
W . we ran E. and by S. the lat. 37
deg. 20 min. For fear of being Alhore
we lay by all Night. Thurfday 29th, the
Wind continu’d in the fame Place, but
not fo violent, with much Rain. The
Wind came to N. W . and then to S. W .
fb we ran to E. Friday 30th, we held
the fame Courfe. The lat. 37 deg. 16
min. but the Wind at Night coming to
S. W. we fleer’d E. and by N. with much
Rain.
Saturday the firft of December we held
the fame Courfe, the Wind at firft be-
ing South, and afterwards S. W. That
Day a Sailer dy’d, and was prefently
thrown over Board 3 being the firft we
loft, notwithftanding all our Sufferings.
There was no other Diftemper among us
but a raging Itch, caus’d by the Salt
Meat. Sunday 2d, fteer’d upon the fame
Point, the Wind at South, and after-
wards at S. W . Monday 3d, the lat. 38
deg. we ftood Eaft, and then S. E. the
Wind at W. This Day we faw other
(? 9
i «•>'
§L
493
figns of Land, which was /till diftant
from us, tho’ we made much way. It
rejoic’d all Aboard to fee a very 1 ng
Weed, with a Root like an O,.ion
which they faid had been pull'd up from
the Month of fome River, by the vio-
lence of the Sea. Hereupon the Sailers
(according to Cuftom) having Power fo
to do, took the Bell and carry’d it to
the Prow 5 and the Judges they chofe
of their Court (call’d in Jeft the Court
of Senas, or of Signs) made Prodama-
tion to try the Officers of the Ship. TV
Deum was Sung, and all Perfons congra-
tulated one another with the found of
Drums and Trumpets, as if we had been
in our Port, whereas we were then 700
Leagues from it. This unfeafonable Re­
joicing is caus’d by that long and dread-
ful Voyage o f above 3000 Leagues 3
which makes them think themfdves in
the Port, when they have 700 Leagues
to it. The Sailer, who firft faw the
Weed, had a Chain of Gold given him
by the Captain, and at leafl fifty Pieces
of Eight by the Paffengers, and others,
It now appear’d that the Pilots had mi-
ftaken above 200 Leagues in their Ac-
counts. That Night we were Becalm’d,
and upon Tuefday Morning it blew gent-
ly at South, which made us ftand Eaft,
Mafs was Sung in Thanklgiving, and in-
deed it was a great Mercy that the Wind
had for twenty Days blown hard righc
a Stern of us ; for the Pilots had not
manag’d it fo, well lying upon the Tack
between North and South, without ad-
vancing on our way. That Day we faw
a Filh the Spaniards call Lobillo, with a
Head and Ears like a Dog, and a T a il
like that they Paint the Mairmaids with 3
and with it another Weed like a Sugar
Cane, with a large Root. Thefe being
both figns of Land vye alter’d our Courfe
from E. to S. E. and by E. and thus fell
off from the Land to make it more to
Southward, as is generally practis’d when
they meet the Senas, or Weeds. A t
Night the S. W. blew harder. By reafon
of the great Rain that fell, the Judges
put off holding their Court till WedneJ-
day the 5th, but the bgd Weather would
not allow of it then. We fteer’d E. S.
E. becaufe the Wind was come to S. S.
E. Abundance of Lobillos were feen, as
alio of the Weeds before mention d ,
call’d Porras, with fre/h Roots, feveral
Spans in length. The Wind coming up
contrary at Night we lay by.
Thurfday 6th, we fteer’d S. E. and by
E. the Wind S. S. W. which afterwards
came to W. S. W. the Rain, and dull
Wea-
I®
'494 AV^ge
Weather continuing, and a boificrous
Gemelli, Sea. At Night the Wind being contra-
1697- ry we lay by. Friday 7th, in the Morn-
t o N irig dy’d another lick Man who was
thrown Over-board. About Noon we
fail’d S. E. and S. E. and by E. the
Wind being S. S. W. A Canopy being
fet up for the Sailers Court of Senas, or
Signs, after Dinner the two Qydores, or
Judges, and the Prefident took their
Seats, being Clad after a Ridiculous
manner. They Irgan with the Captain of
the Galeon, chief Pilot, under Pilot,
Mailer, Mate, and other Officers of the
rtnnical slliP ? aatI ^'c<Sr them proceeded to the
Trial. Trial of the Paflengers. The Clerk
read every Man’s Indi&meat •, and then
the Judges palled Sentence Of Death,
which was immediately bought off with
Mony, Chocolate, Sugar, Bisket, Flefli,
Sweetmeats, Wine, and the like. The
beft of it was, That he who did not
Pay immediately, or give good Securi-
ty, was laid on with a Rope’s End, at
the leafl Sign given by the Prefident
Tarpaulin. I was told a Paffenger was
once kill’d Aboard a Galeon by Keel-
haling him •, for no Words or Authority
can check or petfwade a whole Ship’s
Crew. I did not efcape being T ry ’d,
it.being laid to my Charge that I Eat
too much of the Fifh they call Cachorre-
tas. The Sport lafted till Night ; and
then all the Fines were divided among
the Sailers, and Grummets, according to
Cuftom. The lat. this Day was found
to be 37 deg. 50 min.
Saturday 8th, the Wind being at W.
we fail’d S. E. and then the Wind grow-
ing Scant we fleer’d E. S. E. At Night
we lay by, the Wind being contrary,
Sunday 9th, the Wind blowing very hard
at S. W. we Leer’d S. E. The lat. was
37 deg. 38 min. That Night we held
on our Courfe S. S. F„ for fear of Land;
becaufe there had been feen feme Snakes
in the Sea, brought out of the Rivers
by the Tide. Monday 10th, fleer’d S.
E. with the Wind at Weft. The la t
37 deg. 10 min. for the Sails being bad
the Galeon made little way. All that
Night we lay by £ as alfo Tuefday 1 ith,
the Wind being contrary. Here our
Mizen-Sail was put up, which had been
taken down at the EmUccadero, or Mouth
of the Channel among the Philippine
Iflands. We did not make any way till
Wednefday 1 2th, when we flood E. S. S.
and E. and by S. to difcoverLand. The
Anchors were alfo taken up which had
been fome Months bury’d in the Hold.
The lat. wak 37 deg. This Day one of
tflfe
■ .
<SL
k
tlm
W
r O RLE*
thofe Weeds call’d Barms was taken up,
25 Spaus long, as thick as a Man’s Arm
towards the Root, and as final! as a Fin-
ger at the other end. It was hollow
withib, like an Onion run to Seed, the
Root, as has been faid, refembling it,
ac the fmalleft end. From the thick part
there grew out long Leaves, after the
manner of Sea Grafs, two Fingers broad,
and about fix Spans in length!, all equal-
ly long, and of a yellowiih Colour,
Some queftion’d whether the thick, or
the thin end were the Root; for not
confidering the nature of Weeds that
grow in the Water, they could not per-
Evade themfelves, that the thick part
being the top o f the Plant could bear
up;, noewithftanding they faw the Shells
of Fifhes flicking to the frirall end;
for this Plant grows on the Rocks under
Water, Indeed it is the ftrangeft of a-
ny I have feen in fo many Countries I
Travell’d. I tailed, and found it not
Unfavory j and foine Sailers put it into
Vinegar to Eat it. At Night, inftead
of gaining we loft Ground, the Ships
Head lying Weft for fear of Land. Thurf-
day 1 3th, we again ftcer’d S. E. and by
E. w ithaS.W , Wind, all the Anchors
being ready, to make ufe of them in time
of Need. After Noon the Wind came
to N. N. W. and therefore we run that
Night. S. E. Friday 14th, holding the
fame Courfe with the fame Northerly
Wind, we difeover’d to the Eaftward ia
the Iat. of 36 deg. the Ifland of St. Ca­
therine, twelve Leagues diftant from the
Continent, and a little beyond the Bay
of Toque. Here are five Email Illands,
and St. Catherines is the largeft, and in-
habited by Savage Indians. Any Man
may guefs what a joyful Sight this was
to us; after having feen nothing for fo
many Months but Sky and Water. The
lat was found to be 36 deg 4. min. To-
wards Evening we perceiv’d the afore-
faid Ifland of St, Catherine was longilh,
we having fail'd along one fide of it
Saturday 15th, we again law Land fteer-
ing S. E. and by S. on a calm Sea, as it
is always obferv’d to be near theCoaft.
The Wind coming to N. W. blew har-
der, we being in the lat of 35 deg. i t
min. This Day the few Cannon the Ship
had were taken out of the Hold to be
placed on their Carriages; as alfo the
Pieces to make the new Boat inftead of
that wc turn’d Adrift. A fair ItifF Gale
continuing at Night N. W. we faild S.
E. and by S. and fo continu’d all Stm-
day. Every Body began to take Heart
with the Hopes of being fpeediiy deli­
ver’d
,f 1* '
; ■' "v'
I
’ (

Chap. VL Of the Philippine Iflands.
e T JT Z "ver'd from fo many Sufferings, and par-
famdli. ticuhrly from ftinking Proviiions, which
1597 . began to breed Difeufos. The lat. up-
on Obfervation was found to be 33 deg.
4.0 min Monday 17th, we fleer’d the
fame Courfe , with the Wind at .W.
the lat 32 deg. 27 min. About Night,
on” of the Pilots two Mates dy’d, when
bv reafon of his Robuft Confticution,
he leaft expeded Death j fo that with
much difficulty he was perfuaded to make
his Confeffion, but a few Hours before
he expir’d
r jf d a y 1 8th, all the Mattes having
heen faid for the dead Man, and other
Rites perform’d, he was thrown into
the Sea with an Earthen Veflel ty’d to
his Feet. We fail’d S. E. with a N. W.
Wind" The lat. 31 deg. 1 0 min. The
fame day another Sailer dy’d. The fame
Wind continuing. Wednesday 19th, we
held on the fameCourfe,and they work’d
at the Boat, the ftilnefs of the Sea giv-
ing wav to it. This Night dy’d the le-
cond Captain of the Galeon, whom the
Spmtards call Capita* de mar y £ucrra,
the Chief Commander being call’d by
the great Name of General, he dy’d
of the Difeafe call’d , Berben. W
there be no Souldicrs aboard the Galeon,
vet the Governor of Manila, belides
ihe Commander in chief, call’d General,
as I faid before, appoints a Major, a
Captain, and a Royal Eftfign i who
have thefe Titles without any Command
al all When the Galeon returns to
'Manila, it carries 250 or 300 Souldicrs,
unde* is , or 16 Captains, who buy thofe
Commilflons for the Honour \ but asfoon
as they come to Manila, are reform’d,
as th e Neapolitans are ferv’d when they
20 to Flanders or Milan. There are
Dif* two dangerous Difeafes in this Voyage,
more efpecially as they draw near the
S X o f A m U ca h one is the aforefaid
Berven. which fwells the Body, and
makes the Patient dye talking, Theo-
ther is call’d the Latch Difeafej which
makes all the Mouth fore, putrifies the
Gums, and makes the Teeth drop out.
The beft Remedy againft it, is going a-
ffiore This is no other but the Sea
Scurvy. The fame Wind continu’d,
„ Tburfday 20th,and we fleer’d S. E. and by
E. fo that by break of day, we found our
felves oppofite to the lfland Cenifas, ten
l eagues diftant from the Continent,
and Coaft clofe under ic. The length
0f it, is about eleven Leagues, and the
b eadch four, and in fome Places fix,
but it is naked of Trees, and unpeopled,
Then we left the lfland of Gtiadalufson
» 3.3 g.-,
■5 - ■ f . ' D C '
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1 y .....
*\ i
* I in i l l
<SL
__ 491,
our right Hand, to W eft ward > which
the Galcons generally make becanfe it
« far from the Continent. After faying
five Mattes for the dead Captain, lie was
caft into the Sea. The fat. was found
to be 29 deg. 9 min. and we fteer’d S.
E. and by S. Next wc di coverd the
Mand 17 Leagues difhmt from
the Continent. It is 36 Leagues in com-
pafs, and two high Promontories at its
Extremities, make it referable a Saddle,
At Night we alter’d our pourfe, for fear
of being foul in the lfland; yet wc per-
ceiv’d in the Dark, we were very near
it, which put us into foroe fear, fo we
tack’d about to Weft and by N. ftand-
ing almoft back. Friday 21 ft, we found
ourfelves oppofite to the fame lfland,
and the Wind blowing at North, we
Je e r’d S. E. we found we had but 28
deg. of lat The fame Wind held all
Night, and on Saturday 12 dm the Morn-
mg, the Wind at N. N. W. we fail d S.
E. the lat. 25 deg. 35 nun. Sunday 2yd
held the fame Conrfe, with the fame
Wind, the lat. 25 deg 19 min, and then
we fleer d S. E. and by S. Monday 24th,
the Wind being N. W. (winch is Ire-
auentthofc Mouths on that Coaft) we
fail’d S. E. to make the Land, which lies
N. W. audS. E. from Acapulco, to Cape
M o u r n . The fame day Proclama-
non was made by beat of Drum, to dif-
cover all Goods that were out of the
Hold, for them to Pay the King s Du­
ties tor the Galeon. Tuejday 25th, five
Mattes were faid after Midnight, in Ho-
nour of the Nativity of our Lord. We
ftill fleer’d E. S. E. to difeover Land,
The lat. 23 deg. 55 mm. Having fir d
ten Cannon, and fetlcd them in their
Places, all Pcrfons had Muskets given
them, to defend our felves againft Ene-
mies, that are often met on the Coaft of
California. At SunTet wc difeover’d
Land, but at a great dlflance, io t .at
we held on our Courfe at Night, with
the fame N. W. Wind. The fame we
did on Wedmfday 2 5 th, coafting along
a high Country, oppofite to Cape St.
Luke, the Current driving us on to-
wards Acapulco. This Day wc pafs d
out of the Temperate into the Torrid
Zone, for upon Obfervation, we found
23 deg. 23 min. lat. and conffiqijentiy
we began to feel the heat. All . light
the Wind Ihifted, till it forced us to
Steer R E. and after that it fell altoge-
then Thurfday 27th, the Wind being
W. we fleer’d S. S. E, becaufe we di -
cover’d a high J .and near on the Eaft
fide, beyond Cape St* Luke. The lat,
? f l f
 ■
M ' e°l^ \
HM
•V
496 A Voyage round tbe VV O R L D.
23 dcs. 10 min. Friday 2$th, about
Gemelli. break of Day we found our felves di-
1697 - redly oppolite to Cape St. Luke, which
tnav be call’d a bald Promontory, be-
caufe there is no lign of any Trees on it.
The lat of it, is 22 deg. 35 min. and
there is a fitiall Ifland clofe to the
p0jnt:i
California. Io the Year 1595 the Galeon St. An-
rnfUn, which was call away in the Port
de los Raycs, was fent to difeover this
Land, as yet unknown. In 1602, the
Count de Monterey, who then Govern’d
New Spain, by His Majellies Command,
feut thither Sebafhan Bifcaino, with two
Ships and a Tender. He fail’d from the
Port of Acapulco, and having difeover d
all the Coaft, as far as Cape Mendocino,
and the Neighbouring lflands, made a
Sea Cart of the whole. This Cart I
few with the Journal belonging to it,
for one of the Pilots Mates had it; and
there l read, that he had talk’d withSa-
vage Indians, in feveral Places, and found
them well Temper’d, Loving, and fome
of them inclinable to entertain Friend-
fhip with the Spaniards •, which made
them invite the People aboard the Ships
to their Huts, about Port Monterey, in
the lat. of 37 deg. That he found the
feme Inclination in the Inhabitants of
the fmall lflands on the Coaft ; but that
the Spaniards muft be upon their Guard
againffc the Indians of the Bay of St.
Suintin, in the lat. of 32 deg. and a-
gainft thofe w ho live along the Shore, in
the lat of 27 deg. becaufe they are
Warlike and Faithlefs. The Religious
Man who writes this Account, fays, the a-
foremention’dPortof .MwweyhasWater
enough; and that about it, there is Tim-
ber to build Ships, and for other ufes;
that there is plenty of Game on the
I Neighbouring Mountains, that is, Bares,
Deer, and other Beafts, and of Wild
Foul in the Plain, as alfo o f Ducks in
the Lakes ; that fix Leagues N. W. of
the Port, ther? is a rapid River, which
has at lea ft 7 Fadom Water, and ano-
ther like it in the lat. of 41 deg. whofe
Current is fo ftrong, that they could
not get up it with all their Sails abroad,
He alfo reckons the aforemention’d Port
de los Reyes, where the Galeon St. Au-
Buftin was loft,a good one -, that of D.Gaf-
per in the lat. of 38, and others that
have Water enough ■, giving an Ac-
count of their depth or fhallownefs.
He gives other particulars, which not
belonging to our Journal, but to the
Pilots of thofe Parts, I lhall forbear to
fet down. I lhall only obferve, what I
%
949
7vf''
Book HI.
think moft Strange, which is, that in
thofe feme Ports, there is fuel) abun-
dance of good Fifli fbefides the Whales
out at Sea) that with a Hook in a day,
a good VefTel might be ftor’d, or almoft
loaded. The Inhabitants ot thofe Parts
ufe Canooes, or Boats, like thofe of the
Marian lflands, as well for Pearl, as for
other Fifhing. Thofe that inhabit along
the Coaft of that Streight, which fepa-
rates California from the Continent, ufe
Boats made of final! pieces of Wood
bound together, call’d by the Spaniards
Balfas, that is, Floats. They are fefe on
them, being excellent Swimmeis^, nor
do they value half their Body being in
the Water, becaufe they go naked, co-
vering only their Privities with Barks
of Trees, and therefore are not afraid
of wetting their Cloaths. Afhore they
lye, where Night overtakes them. In
Winter they warm the Ground with
Fire, and putting away the Coals, lie
down in the hot Alhes. They have fe-
veral Languages; and among them feme
are Mortal Enemies, on account of their
Savage Jurisdiction. Their Weapons
are long Spears, with the Points of
Wood hardned at the Fire * and Arrows
headed with Flint. They eat raw Fife,
and exchange Pearls, in which all that
Coaft abounds, and the more becaufe
the Fifhery is forbid the Spaniards, and
Conquer d Indians, tor Knives and o-
ther Trifles, having no Knowledge of
Mony. The Author of the aforefeid
account, fays nothing of the Religion ot
tbefe People, or of the Produft of the
Earth, as things not belonging to the
Profeflion of a Sailer. But weaie told
they are Idolaters, like all the reft, and
that they live upon what they kill, up-
on Roots, Herbs, and Indian Figs, call d
Pitaxayas, or Tunas, whereof there is
great Plenty in the Country. _ Thefe
Ships fpent fome Months in their Voy-
age to Cape Mendocino (lying in the
lat. of 41 deg. 20 min. whofe top is bare
of Trees,and always cover’d with Snow)
where many of his Men dy d, and the
reft came away Sick, being pierced
by the violent Cold. Thus they were
forced to turn back from the aforefaid
Cape, tho’ they few another at fome di-
Ranee, which they call’d Cabo Blanco,
or White Cape, fet down in the Maps,
in the lat. of 43 deg. In the Year 1684
the Marquefs de la Laguna, or of the
Lake, Governing New Spam, with the
general applaufe of all Men, two other
Ships with a Tender were fent thither,
with feveral Miflioners aboard, to draw
thofe
, j
||| 'SL

Chap. VI; Of the Philippine Wandk

OsJUO thofe People out of the Darknefs o f Ido- ral others. So that it is not to be cine
G™ n ' , Thcy kept1within Cape St. Luke flfon’d, that if any other E,> o p c Ja io lld
I697. in the; lac. of 22 deg. and entring the refort to chofe Parts, they would be ill
Streight between it and the Continent receiv’d. }
run op 182 Leagues to 29 deg. of lat. We peer’d next S. F. before a final!
where finding theStreigk but 7 Leagues Gale at N. W. to crols over the Streight
over, they turn d back for fear of the of California. Saturday ioth, we fleer’d
Flats and Currents, which ran Very S. E. and by E. with the W ^d at NT
ftrong in that Narrow. From th< vio- W. and lolf fight of Und. The i X
lence of thefe Currents they concluded 21 deg. 32 min. Then we flood £ V
that the Streight has a Communication E and made good wa f , at N klit the
with the North Sea, and that California Wind blowing hard at North w * v
is an Ifiand. But on the Other fide the 3oth, the Wind was juite laid, and a t
Hats, the want of Water, and narrow- terwards blew gently at N N p
ftr , th^ . is n.° 5 s- 45 min. Finding that tSe
Paflage touch further, and that California Cti Trent had carry’d the Shin too far fmm
is part of the Continent. They add, Land driving it to the Southward wx
I hat this Continent Borders upon Great flood E.S.E. with buc’little Wind For tin's
rartary j and the Jefmts of Peking, Ma- reafon on Monday 31 If, we did not com<*
and C am ,, told ni=. th a t whilft „)*>., the three little Man* a l l y
F. Martin Martinez, was Mifiioner at Pc- Marias, that is, the three Maries as was
hng , a Chrifhan Woman of Mexico expeded, our Galeon being 40 1 ,ea i Ues.
was brought thither a Slave, who going front Cape St. Lake, and to from A S
to him to Cbafeflion, and being ask’d Corrientes, which make the Mouth of the
how ihe came to be a Slave, Laid fhe had Streight of California. The three afore
been made a Slave in her Infancy in faid Hands are ten Leagues from the
Mexico, and that (he was carry’d thence Mouth o f the Streight bearing N F
by Land into the Great Tanary, and and S. W. from it .' They have cood
aflly into China: Moreover, that in fo Trees and Water, abundance of Game
long a Journey fhe had been carry’d in and Salt Pits; for which reafon the
a Boat, but that only to crofs overfome lift anc! French Pyrates who have pafAi
Streight at farthefl, not above two Days through the Streight of M anlLvno llo l
Sail over. This is fuppos’d to be the upon the South Sea, have iometimes
Streight of Aynan i through which fome Winter'd there. We found the lat. 20
will fay a Dutch Ship fail’d out of the deg. 24 min. A t Night there was but
South into the North Sea. The Ships little Wind. 6 UC
returning Anchor’d in the Bay and Port Tutfday the firft Day of J amtan and
ot St. Burnaby, where having built feme of the New Year ier<?8, we were again
Huts on the Shore, the poor Indians Becalm’d, and chore appear’d abundance
came to them rather to fatisfy their cor- of Lobillos about the Ship turning up
poral Hunger, than to cure the DUtem- their Tails and Paws in the Air like IIiSP
per of their Souls, They devour'd all lers Dogs. We took five good T o rto i
the Spaniards gave them ; but refus'd fes, whofe Flefh was exactly like Beet ^
Cioaths to coyer their Nakednefs. A - but not fo Savory as ours in Enrobe [
board our 6 aleon was a Religious Man The lat. was 20 deg. n min. 1 'fie
of the Order ot St. John de Dios, who Calm held all Night. iVednefdav 2d
„ ad Aboard one of thofe Ships, putting our Farao, or little boat into
He told me, the King s Deiign had no the Water we took feven Tortoifes that
Succcfs, becaufe the Commadore fpent lay floating Afleep * and fome Sharks
e Months to no pnrpofeat the afore- and Dorees were flruek with a Harping
find Cape * but to his own Benefit, ex- Iron. The lat. 20 deg. 5 min. About
changing Fi ifies with thofe Wretches Evening a fmall Gale blew at N. W. and
01 good I ear Is j that the Indians brought at Night drew to Northward. Thus
no otyer 1 rovifions, but Fifh, which holding on our Courfe on Thurfday a j,
they eat Raw, Roots, and Herbs. That we difeover’d the Land of New Spain 3
before hs went the Commadore, to great way beyond Cape Corrientes. All
revenge the Death of a Grummet kill’d the Sea Coafl along here is inhabited by
y thofe Barbarians, loaded a Cannon peaceable Indians from 20 deg. min.
r ^ I ar dgS fSlor’ and * ^ 0 thofe We could not get near the Land becaufe
.y y caraf \° gather up the Scraps the Current beat us off * and for fear of
the Spaniards had left, he fird it upon certain Flats which lie oppofite to Cam*

VoLIV’ **r
them, killing two, and wounding feve- Corrientes. Upon an Obfervation we
fund

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\ I P
Ui
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f f)l » m
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Iw t j I

498 ^ Voyage round the YV O R L D. Book ill.

f> ^ A ^ found by three Minutes lefs Latitude than it is large, and fhelter’d by feveral Illands
Gemelll. the Day before, and this becaufe we had on the N. W. and S. E. and by theCon-
1697. fteer’d Eaft all Day and Night, and then tlnent. It abounds in Pearls, and good
t / V \ ) E. and by S. Then we Hood E. S. E. to Fiih. All this T rait of Land from Cape
draw near Land, and fet Alhore the Corritntet to the Port of the Nativity,
MelTenger who is to carry the Letters to is call’d New Galicia, and is inhabited m-m Gx~
Mexico. We coafted along the faid Cape by conquer’d Indians. After the Cahn, Ueu.
at a great diftance, where begins a Ridge which generally happens every Morn-
of vaft high Mountains call’d Sametla, ing upon that Coaft, follows the Vira-
At Night the little Wind there was fell, sum, or fetled Breezes, beginning at S.
and Friday 4th ,, we found we had made W. and coming to N. W . The Night
very little way E. S. E. The N. W . we fleer’d S. E. along the Coaft. Sm-
Wind, which the Spaniards call Viraz,on, day (5th, being the Feaft of the Epiphany
blowing again we advanced gently all we fee forward on the reft of the way,
that Day, not- very far from the Moun- which is counted 80 Leagues from the
tains (which they fay are rich in Gold Nativity to Acapulco, but let the Pilots
and Silver Mines) feeing feveral fmall fay what they pleafe, they are full 150
Snakes of various Colours fwim by the Leagues. A Gun was fir’d to give the
Galeon, which were brought by the Cur- Guards on the Coaft to nnderftand that
rent out of Rivers. Before Sun-fet fe- the Ship was a Friend At Sun-fet we
veral Muskets were fir’d to give Notice found our felves oppollte to the Port
to the Galiot, which is ufually fent a- and Village of Salagua. Monday 7th, SaUgut,
bout that time from Acapulco to meet fleering W . N. W . before Noon we
the Gabon, or to have lotne Boat of In- came up with the Port and burningMoun-
dians cqme off with Refrefhments, but tain of Colima, where much Salt is made,
it was all in vain -, only at Night there as well as at Salagua. Still Coafting a-
were two Fires feen upon the high bar- long bare Mountains, and fteep Rocks,
ren Mountains, fuppos’d to be made by about Evening the Wind having fa-
the Country People. This Night the vour’d, we came upon the Coaft of Mo-
Wind blew fometimes at N. W. and tines, or Montines, as others will have Motives.
fometimes at S. W. Saturday 5th, in the it, becaufe it is a fpace of Land full of
Morning the new Boat was Launch’d, to fcattering fmall Hills all alike. The
Land the Meffenger with the Letters for Country is almoft Defert, there being
Mexico, and Madrid. F. Borgia, a Jefuit, only here and there a Village, fomeDays
who had the Butch Difeafe, or Scurvy, Journey diftanc one from another. Tuef-
and other fick Perfbns were alfo put A - day 8th, we held the fame Courfe, but
board it, to be Landed with all fpeed 3 the little Wind we had foon fail’d, and
but the News is known at Mexico by we found we had fcarce gain’d 2 Leagues
another Exprefs fent by the Alcade of all the Day. In the Evening a fmall
Chiamela, as foon as a Centinel from the Gale came up at S. W . but fell again at
Tops of the Mountains difeovers a Sail Night, fo that we advanced not an Inch,
at Sea. Upon the uncertain Tidings This Coaft of Motines is wonderful
fent by the Alcade of a great Ship feen Calm 3 the Sky being free from Clouds
at Sea, which may as well be an Ene- in the Day, and at Night ferene, and
my? they begin their Prayers at M ex- the Stars bright 3 efpecially after the
ico, which are continu’d till the Arrival Rains are fallen, which begin in 'June,
of the Meffenger with the Letters from and laft all December. Wednefday 9th,
Aboard. When he Arrives all the Bells the Calm continu’d, and the Weather
Ring for Jo y , and this Noife lafts, till was as Hot as the Dog-Days in Italy.
a third Exprefs comes from Acapulco, At Sun-fet the Wind came up at N. W.
who brings the Viceroy Advice of the and lafted fome few Hours in the Night.
Galeon from China, being come to an The Calm held again Thurfday 10th,
Anchor in the Port. The City Exprefles only a fmall Gale at N. W. blowing in /
the like Joy upon the Arrival of the the Evening, which foon was over. Fri-
Flota, the Citizens having no lefsCon- day n th , Calm again, but late in the
ccrn Aboard it, and the fame is done at Evening we had Wind enough to come
Manila, when the Galeon returns. up with the Port and Village of Siguata- $■
Nativity, The Port of the Nativity is in the lat. nejo, before which there are three Rocks. nf)o.
and chia- of ip deg. 33 min. has Water enough Here is a good Pearl Filhery, and Salt
mdaPorts. for any ships, but there is a Rock at made. From this Place the Country ap-
the Mouth of it. That o f Chiamela is pears not fo Barren, the Mountains are
too fliallow for any but fmall Boats 3 but cover’d with fome final! Trees, and the
% ’Sea *

' ' * ^ ^ (
^ JD
111 ,
Chap. VI. Of the Philippine Iflands.
rsAo-O Sea abounds in feveral forts of Fifli,
Gemelli. whereof we faw Shoals skud about the
1698. Ship. The North Wind blew as is ufu -
al on that Coaft, but we made little
way, becaufe it was none of the belt
for us. At break of Day, Saturday 12th,
we were ftill oppofite to Siguataneja,
The Wind then quite fail’d , fo chat
we lay aH Night in the fame Place with
unfufferable Heat.
Sunday 13th, the Wind came a-head
of us, fo that we could do nothing but
catch a number of Cachorretast where-
of, as of all other forts of Filh there is
great Plenty along that Coaft. A t
length, after fo many Months the An-
chors were dropt about half a League
from Land, but at Night we were plagu’d
with abundance of Gnats, and little
Flies, that Stung molt intolerably. The
Calm continu’d Monday 14th, and when
it did not, the Wind was contrary. We
flood E. and E.S.E. changing our Courfe
as the Land hapned to Wind. Tucfday
t 5th, in the Morning the Wind came
up, North, which fet us forward. The
Boat return’d with but little frefh Pro-
vifion, bringing an Account that the
Letter-Carrier finding no Body in the
Port of the Nativity that could furnilh
him with Horfes, caus’d himfclf to be
carry’d to the Port of Siguataneja; where
fome Fifhers of Pearls had found him
Horfes to go to Mexico, and that the
reft had fet forward, fbme by Sea, and
fomc by Land. It alfo brought the News
of the Arrival of the Beta at the Port
of Bora C ru z with the Count de Camte,
the new Viceroy of Peru \ and Count
Monteuima of Mexico, which two had
fallen out before their Landing. At Sun-
fet we fail’d by Saliva, a Territory fu-
Pamtn. bordinate to the Alcadc of Patatan, a
Town a few Leagues diftant in the Val-
leys. In this Country grow the belt
Bainillas in the World 3 which brings
no fmall Profit to the Alcade, as do the
Cacao, and Filhery of good Pearls. This
Night the Wind being fometimes North,
and fometimes E. N. E. and the Current
againft us, we rather loft than gain’d
Ground , which continuing Wednefday
rtfth, till Night, we could not get be-
yond the Port of fat atan, which is ca-
pable of great Ships.
A Calm held us all Night, and Thurf-
day 17th, the fame contrary Wind ftart-
ed up ■, but after Dinner the ufual Fir a-
z.on, or fetled Wind coming up, which
te S. W. we advanced, and run along
the Coaft del Calvario, full of Cacao-
Trees, and excellent Bainillas. At Night
Vol. IV.
\ f • 5 °!
<SL
499
we continu’d our Courfe £. S. E. with
the Wind at North, fo that on Friday
18th, we were in fight of the Port of
Acapulco. Our chief Pilot was Sick of
the Dutch Diftemper, or Scurvy, and
of the Berben, which made his Life in
Danger. At Noon a frefli Gale blew at
S. W. which fet us very forward, we
fleering E. S. E. As we fail’d along the
Coaft of Coymhia, we perceiv’d a Pira~
gua, or great Barque making towards
us. Being come up it brought us frelh
Proviilons, which were an Ox, Fowls,
Bread, Sweetmeats and Lemmons, fent
by the Governor, and D. Francis Mecca,
to our Commander} belides ocherThings
for private Perfons; fo that every one
had fomething to Refrelh him. The
North Wind which blew all Night car-
ry’d us fo far E. and by S. that on Sa-
turday 19th, in the Morning, we found
our felves oppofite to the Village and
Port of Coyucca, whole Coaft being 14
Leagues in length abounds in Cocos, Ca-
cao, Bainillas, and other Things. The
Wind holding fair, we entred the Port
of Acapulco, at the great Channel, and
came to an Anchor there at five in the
Afternoon. All the Night was fpent La-
bouring with the Anchors to draw the
ship up the Bay, fo that before Day the
stern was made fall with a Rope to a
Tree 3 for tho’ the Port be good, and
Me againft all Winds, yet being wind-
ing like a Snail, the Wind that is good
to come in at the two Mouths, one N.
W. and the other S. E. is not good to
carry a Ship up under the Shore,
Sunday 20th, all that were Aboard a*
gain embrac’d one another with Tears
of Joy, feeing our felves in our defir’d
Port, after a Voyage of two hundred-
and four Days and five Hours. Te Deum
was Sung in Thankfgiving, but our
Commander had not the goodnefs to
Solemnize it with firing fome Guns, fay-
ing the Powder would not be allow’d
him at Manila. The Caftle was faluted
with feven Guns; and then anfwer’d with
three, hanging out its Colours,
Inquiring of the Pilots how many Length of
Leagues and Degrees we had fail’d, I this voy*
found them of feveral Opinions; and aSe*
this, becaufe, we had not kept our Courfe,
but ply’d backward and forward to no
Purpofe. Peter Fernandez., a Tortuguefe,
Born in the Ifland of Madera, the chief
pilot, faid, we had run 125 Degrees, and
2500 Spanijh Leagues. But Ifidore Mon­
tes d'Oca of Sevil his Mate, would have
it to be 130 Degrees, and about 3000
Leagues. In failing from Acapulco to
R rr 2 , Manila,
r y - '
,:oo ^4 Voyage round the W O R L D .
•
l(c08 ferv’d before, for having fallen down
fmm hire 17 Degrees to 13, they then
un V1D0II one and°the fame Parallel quite
to Manila right afore the Wind, which
carries them in two Months and a half,
orthre atfortheft, without any Storm 3
and therefore they run through only 118
Decrees which being tromEaft to Weft
k l f t e d to molfure the U agoes; but
the Pilots guefs them to be about 2200
S b imlh Another way may be taken,
which is from A ekpukl N. W. as far as
Cane Mcndocifto, and then to Steer for
the Marian Ifiands, and Manila 3 and
then they fay the whole Run is 117 De-
crees and allowing 17 Spanijb Leagues
to evervDeeree, they are2i 59 Leagues.
All L nday we waited for the King’s
Officers to make their Search, that we
might go Alhore. They came three
Hours before Night, and were the Ca-
ftcllan, D. Francis Mecca, the Cortador,
or Comntroler, and the Guarda Mayor,
or Surveyor, to whom was deliver’d the
Reedier, or Entry of all that was Aboard
thf Gallon ( to Regulate the King’s Du-
ties which amounted to 80000 Pieces
of Eight including the Prelent to the
Viceroy) and the Duplicates o f the Let-
ters to be Pent to M adrid 3 all/to be fent
to Mexico with all fpeed, by another
Exprefs to make ufe of them in Cafe
the fir ft fent by the other MelTenger, we
find was put Alhore, were loft. Having
taken an Account who I was, they ex-
The End o f the Fifth Volume.
■Sr fM * nf TUMI Tdf S i
.• 1 - TU ■>,. Hi1/!
I A
it v
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Book 111.
riS”
were gone, the Image oi our pieueu
Lady was carry d Alhore, and 1 went
along vyith it to the Parilh Church, the
Galeon in the mean while firing all its
Guns. At Night I came back, and lay
Aboard the Caeon, that my Equipage
might not be left to my Slave, through
whofc Negligence it might have been
DaomifyU
day, I was told that the Centinel whi
looks towards Peru (there being two on
a Mountain, whereof this is one, and
the other looks towards China) had dif-
cover’d two Ships out at Sea, making-
towards the Port. 1 hey were fupposid
to be the Admiral and Tender of the
Pern Fleet that came for the Count
Canete, the New Vlcer°y- 1 dia d WIJ
D . Francis Mecca, and before we arofe
from Table we heard a Cannon fir d. I
ask’d the meaning of it,. and he told
me it was to figmfy to the Ships that
came, if Friends, that they might come
into the Port 3 if others, to let them
underftand that the Spaniards were up-
on their Guard, and ready to Receive
them. _ Fhe Caftellan font Major A r a m -
bolo with the Boat of our Ship to view
them, and bring an Account what they
were, becaufe the Boats of two Veflels
belonging to Pern were not fit to go. It
is fit I Ihould here flop my Pen, that
may with frelh Courage continue my
Voyage m the next, which is the Jalt
Volume.
‘■J \ • ' ' ’■
S t b a S S E w s l i llM i j j l f e i
; •*>J * 3 i *
V O Y .
!§|f! i
ill
B H ^ J:1 ?- \
& :;J E

- - ............................ ....- - — .......... . "—~~—......... ■ ■ ____

Chap. L 501
l;;. .: :. ::l^; x,-;: , T ^ :; >:■ ■■ -■ ■-...1 '■ •'■-iiS'' .-V %).% X ^^vT x , " ■•>■ ■•■

VOYAGE i
Round the W O R L D,
By Dr. JohnFrancis Gemelli Careri
' • ' P A R T V L
Containing the moft Remarkable Things he (aw in
N EW SPAIN: I

B O O K ! !

CHAP. I.
A n Account o f what hapned to the A uthor at Acapulco, and i f that C ity.

> *W” Cannot chufe but condemn tbofe other Worlds to Conquer ; and indeed
Gemelli. 1 Perfons, who fullering titemfelves had his Mailer Ariftotle been rightly in
i<y98. J L to be too much davl’d with the Lu- his Senfes, he might have given him to
u \ r \ j lire of the noble Adlions of the Anti- underftand, how great a part of the
introdu- entS5 raake it their Study to Extol them World there yet remain’d , which
v i0n‘ to the Skies ; without refle&ing, that had not heard fo much as the Fame
thefe later Ages have furnilh’d us with of his Vi&ories. In Ihort, which way
others more Heroick and Wonderful, foever I turn my felf, I fee nothing
He that hears talk of Vlyflbs’is mighty but a prodigious Vanity in the Anti-
Travels, will doubtlefs conclude, he ents, when they make a Judgment of
plow’d up mighty Seas, and faw far di- their Actions in their Writings, and a
flant Countries; yet if duly confidcr’d, great Blindnefs in the Moderns to niafce
he muft find it will coll more time to fo great Account of them. In thofe
read thofe very Travels in Homer, than Times any idle, or perhaps wicked Per-
to perform them. What can a Man, fons were receiv’d as Gods, for any
who has rambled but a fmall part of the Action they did for the publick Good ;
World, judge of the Labours of Eneas, every little Spot of Land was a King-
in coming out of Greece into Italy i And dorp ; every two or three Legions of
yet the Poet magnifies them at fuch a Romans (who to fay the Truth were not
Rate, one would think no Body could fuch great Boafters as the Greeks) were
chufe but have much Companion for this reckned a great Army ; and yet a Le-
Hero perfecuted by fo many Deities, gion did not exceed 7000 Men. I will
However all this to me looks like no- not go about here to mention all the
thing, when l call to mind the Folly of Inventions, or glorious Exploits of our
Alexander, (irnam'd the Great, who be- Tim es; but would only have it taken
fore he had fobdu’d the greater part of into Confideration, how thofe worthy
Afta, isfaidtohavc Wept for want of antient Poets and Hiflorians would be
con-

« ’ Mi-;'

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X i . M
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//> — < V \
mX^ft?.-es^y
502 A Voyage round the W O R L D.
confounded, if rifing from the Dead, in
Gemelli. the laft A ge, they Ihould have attempt-
1698. ed to difeourfe of America, and of the
u " V \ J W ealth, Nature has placed there, as
the Subject deferves. They having be-
fore applauded A&ions fo inconfiderable,
that they look like nothing, in the molt
Maguificent Terms, and rewarded them
with no lefs than Divinity ; could not
afterwards think themfelves capable of
Panegyrzing Co^mbus, and of giving any
tolerableAccountofa Country,where we
may fay, all that is feen is precious,and
that which is trampled on isGold and Sil-
ver. We mult therefore lay, the World
li not now grown Old, nor Valour de-
cay’d, or other Virtues fled from the
Earth, but that it is in the Prime of its
Youth and that thofe we call Virtues
are rather increas’d, than diminifh’d,
becaufe Man learns fomething new eve-
ry day, and is continually rifing above
his Being. And if we fee no fuch Men
as thofe fo Renown’d in Antiquity ; it
is, becaufe thofe endowments, which
being then rare, rais’d Admiration in o-
tliers; being now become common, no
Body thinks them worth taking notice
of.
Being now to Treat of what I faw in
America, in this laft Volume of my
Travels round the World, I would have
the Reader conceive fo great an Idea of
it, that whenfoever he finds the things
delcrib’d, not to Merit his admiration,
he would lay the blame on my Pen, and
not attribute it to any defed in the
things themfelves; for fo doing, 1 am
fatisfy’d he will not deviate from Truth,
and I fhall attain my end, which is to de-
liver the Truth.
No Inns in There being no Inn at Acapulco, I
Acapulco. waS forced to go on Monday the 21 ft,
of January 1697, to the Monaftery of
Nuefira Sennora de la Guca of the Fran-
eifeans, by whom I was courteoufly en-
tertain’d.
Tuefday 22d in the Morning the Ca-
ftellans Lieutenant told me, he had been
upon Guard all Night, by reafon of the
Jealoufy there was, that the two Vef-
fels difeover’d might be Enemies; be-
caufe there was an account, that 5 French
Ships had pafs’d the Streight of Magel-
lan, being fent by the raoft Chriftian
King, to commit Hoftilities in thofe Seas;
befides the Catholick King’s general Or-
der enjoyning all Caftellans, and Gover-
nors of the South Coaft, to be upon
their Guard whenfoever any Ships were
feen at Sea.In theAfternoon the MajorA -
rambolo return’d, and clear’d all doubts,
^
Book III.
faying , they were the Admiral and
Tender of the Peru Fleet. It was not
long before the Admiral came into the salutes.
Port, faluting the Cattle with 5 Guns,
which anfwer’d with three. The Ga-
Icon St. Jofeph faluted with 7, and be-
ing anfwer’d with u , return’d the Ci-
vility with feven.
Wednefday 23d, Rwent aboard the
Admiral, before he was feareb’d. It
was a good Ship, carrying 42 Brafs Guns,
indifferent large, and was come to take
aboard the New Viceroy of Peru,
the Count of Canete. Thofe aboard
faid they had fpent 48 days between Pa­
nama and Acapulco, by realbn of the
mighty Storms, they met at Sea, and the
tedious Calms on the Coaft of New Spain ;
and that they had loft 21 Men, of a fort
of contagious Diftemper, befides one,
who falling into the Sea, was drowned,
AsfortheCity of Acapulco, I think it Acapulco,
might more properly be call’d a poorVil-
lage of Fifhermcn, than the chief Mart
of the South Sea, and Port fortheVoy-
age to China; fo mean and wretched are
the Houfes being made of nothing but
Wood, Mud and Straw. It is feated in
the latitude of 17 degrees, bating lorne
few minutes, and in 26 of longitude;
at the foot of high Mountains, which
cover it on the Eaft fide, but make it
very fubjeft Diftempers, from Novem-
her, till the end of May. It was then
the Month of January, and yet I felt as
much heat, as I have done in Europe in
the Dog-days, the realbn whereof is,
becaufe there falls no Rain, during thofe
feven Months laft mention’d ; but only
a little between June and Ottober, which
does not cool the ambient Air. But it
is to be obferv’d, that in Acapulco,Mex-
ico, and other places of New Spam, itne-
ver Rains in the Morning, andf therefore
he that will not be wet, muft take care to
difpatch his bufinefs before Noon, and
then ftay at home. This ill Temper of
the Air, and the Mountainous Soil, are
the caufe that Acapulco muft be fup-
ply’d with Provifions from other Parts ;
and therefore it is dear living there,
becaufe a Man cannot eat well under a
piece of Eight a Day ; the place be-
iides being dear, is dirty, and inconve-
nient.
For thefe reafons, it is inhabited by
none but Blacks and Mulattos, and it is
rare to fee any Native there, whole
Complexion is of an Oliv^ Colour. The
Spanijh Merchants, as foon as their bufi-
nefs is over, and the Fair made by the
Ships from China and thofe of Peru, which
come
•’X.
» ■ T*
1 Jjijft
iff
"Chap! Of N E W
came loaded with C a c a o , repair to other
Gemeiu. Places- the King's Officers and theCa-
1607. ftellanhiinfelf going away, beeaufe o f the
ill Air andfo theCity is left defert. It
The Port. jlas n0’thing good but the natural fecu-
ritv of the Harboury which winding like
a Snail as was faid before, and having
W ater alike in all parts, the Ships are
enclos’d in it with vaft high Mountains*
a s if they were Wall’d iny infomuch that
S h o re^ T h m T are^ or Chan-
nds to go into it, a fmall one at N. W.
and a gfeat one at S. E. The Entrance
is defended by the Caftle with 42 Pieces
of Rrafs Cannon, and a Garrifon of 60
Men This Port is worth to the Caftefi
lan who isalfo J u f i i c i a Mayor, or chief
Magiftrate 20000 pieces of Eight a Year,
3 e lefs t0 the Contador or Comp-
trolcr and other Officers. The Curate,
Jho’ fhe King’s allowance to him be but
,80 piece o/ e gilt, make, ,4000 a
Year P SaftinE a great rate for burying
6f ft rangers, not only that die at Acapd-
° but at Sea aboaVd the Ships from Chi-
na and Peru-, as for inftance he will ex-
to o pieces of Eight for a rich Mer-
Pn f The Trade ot the Place being
f o ? W l s o T p tc « Of Eight, it fol-
lowr thatevery Man at fi|s pr ofeflion.gets
1 deaHn a Ihott time ; fo that a
bS will ltarce he fatisfy’d with a
• k nf Pip-ht a Dav. In fhort all live
hv the Port6 andthc Hofpital has not
bV a dpduaioii out Or the Souldiers
m i but great Alms from the Merchants,
P1& h ? r f atcerwards freely diftributed
T the other Mouafteries and Miffio-
anion^ t
nCThere is another Port S. E. of this,
Port Mar- rJ a Ad Mamies, or of the Marques,
flues. cal l diltanc from Acapulco,
great Ships
whi Anchoring • whither general-
and good An g J &
ly the Ships o f Peru, tnat < 1 them Fathers of
mto A d p / w , ^ t g j * hcm#
bl<T liS a rre n M o u u ta in s are not with-
0inGameb, for there are Deer, Rabbets,
and ’ h^ d ^ ^ i ^ lr |S’
Parrots y T u r t l w a b o a
E w S ^ S y Houfes y Blackbirds with
fly into the very H Qther forts of
5?nS|T a ? w e u if thofe known in Europe,
Fowl, as well o ountrv.
aS T ° Co r P r .f There aro fra D ilute
Thurfday 24th, thercaas7 ‘eeyac^
between the Genet , Y Leaves are firft di y’d in the lhade, and
or W i t P i S e S , the fat-
“I p S b g th= other ought to ilrike
O / . /
r? ■ . * . /
Wi* t>
> \
*4^Ti
\1 J,
■
%L
SjA N. ___ 5£
his Flag,beeaufe his was a Royal Man
of W ar, and- tue <y i of China a
Merchant y and the General o f China on
the other hand pleading his Ship oughc
to take plate beeaufe it was lupreme
(thoit had none under “ ) the other be-
mg but Vice-Admiral. Thus both kept
up their Hags, one at the Maip top mail,
the other at the Foretopmaft-head, till
they writ to the Viceroy to decide the
Moll of the Officer? and Merchants M apuhtt
that came aboard the Peru Ships, went Fair*
to lie alhore, bringing with them two
Millions o f pieces o f Eight to lay out ,n
Commodities of C h in a y To that E n d a y
25 ^apulco was converted from a rufhck
Village mto. a populous City y and the
Huts before inhabited by da. k M u la t t o s
were all fill’d with gay Spaniards y to
which was added on Saturday 26th a great
coucourfe of Merchants fromi Mexico,
with abundance,of Piece..of Eight and
Commodities of the Country and of La-
rope. Sunday 27th, there contain d to
come in abundance of Commodities and
Provifions to ferve fo great a multitude
of Strangers 5 for as has been faid, the
neighbouring Mountains are barren, and
the little Fit,it they produce, tho-to the
Eye it appear well, is not .0 be eaten un-
lefs preferv'd. th, there came
fomeFathers of BtfWew* begging Alms to 0rder,
carry them to Pern. This is an Older
founded by the Approbation of Pope n-
nocent the nth. The Habit is like that
of the Capucins and they live ike them
onCharity y their Inftitution is to be Hoi-
pitallersy it being then Bui.nefs to ferve
and attend thofe that are upon their re-
covery, till they have recover’d their
Strength y and this they do with extraor-
dinary Chanty, even fo far as to ferve
them on their Knees. On the left fide
of their Cloak they wear the Figure of
the C rib, and therefore the Spaniards call
They as be-
ing a new Order, have but few Monafte-
ties in the City o f M e x i c o , C i t y o f A n g e s ,
Lima, Vguaxacca, Gaanmala and other
Sunday 29th, going to vifit a S p a n i a r d Paraguay
r d the Man of W ar, he inftead o f Herb*
Chocolate, treated me with the Herb of
Para&ltay. it grows in the Province of
that Name, under the Government of
Buenos Ayres, on a Tree no higher than a
Man, and to me it feems not to differ
mucfi from the Mirtle of Europe. The
then in an Oveny and thus dry’d are
Tranfported in Leather Bags, and fold
-r -
 ■ G°>Sx
//> — \ V \
|(f)|
')04 A Voyage round the W O R L D.
fVA-^> all about Peru, where they are more in
Gcmelii. ufe than Chocolate in Spain, it is ac-
ings. counted a wholfome Liquor in that dry
l / Y V Climate, for they fay it is hot and moiftj
hut on the ocher fide, beirdes that it is
not Nourifhing; it is Infipid, and has
one great Fault, which is that it pro-
vokes Vom iting , and takes away the
Stomach, it is prepar’d by fteeping in
cold Water for halt an Hour in a Matt,
that is, a Dilh made of a Calabafh curi-
oully W rought and Adorn’d with Silver,
and then mixing it with boiling Water
and Sugar, and ftreining it from the Duft
ot the Herb before they drink i t ; after
which they pour more Water upon that
fame Herb, which ferves many more,
Some throw away the firft Water, and
pour the hot upon a fecond Infulion. A-
bundacce of ic is fpent in Peru, it being
counted an excellent quencher of Tbirft.
The Pcafants take ic in cold Water, or
elfe chew the Herb. See more of this
in del nebo's Hiftory o f Paraguay.
Weanefday 30th, came to Town the
T reafu rerof the Count de Canete Vice-
roy of Peru, in order to go away to Li-
ma, and borrow of thofe Merchants an
hundred thouland Pieces of Eight for his
Mailer, to pay the Debts he had Con-
traded, laying out 300000 Pieces of
Eight to procure that Government, and
carry his Family over to the Indies.
'Thurfday 3 1ft. the Exprefs return’d
from M e x i c o with the Settlement o f the
Duties the Galeon was to pay, being
8 0 0 0 0 Pieces of Eight; fothat on Friday
the firlfc of February, they began to laud
the Bales. In the mean while abundance
of Men dy’d aboard the P eru hips, o f a
fort of contagious Diflemper ; and the
more becaufe the violent Heat and bad
Air of Acapulco did not fuffer the Sick to
rec° ver\ . _ , ,
TheCaftle _ Saturday id , I went to fee the little
Caftle, which having no Ditch or Bafti-
ons, is only remarkable for its good
Brafs Cannon, fuffici^nt to defend the
Port again ft any Enemy. Sunday 3d. I
went to a final! Spring at the foot of the
Mountain, which is the only Place of
Recreation thereabouts. The Water is
very good, but the quantity final!. M on-
day yth, more Merchants came from
Mexico, and yet I was told there were
fewer than other Years} as fearing that
the Merchants of Peru had enhanced the
Price of china Commodities. Tuefday
25th, I was much annoy’d with the Heat
and Gnats; but much more on Wednefday
^th, by the babling ot a Merchant of
Peru, for he according to the Cuftom o f
S -D G
Q.\
Book I.
that Nation, endeavouring to talk me in-
to a Bargain, gave me a violent Head­
ach, and yet we concluded upon nothing
The Spaniards of New-Spam are of ano-
ther Temper, for tbev deal Generoufly
and Gentilely as becomes them. Thurfday
?th, when all the Goods were unloaded
the Porters o f Acapulco made a fort of
Funeral, carrying one of their number
on a Beer, and bewailing him as if he
were dead, becaufe their Harveft was at
an end* for fome had got three Pieces of
Eighc a Day, and the worft of them one
About two in the Afternoon there was a
little Earthquake, the Noife whereof
being heard from the Mountains, would
have given People time to fave them-
felves, tho’ i t had been violent. Thefe
Earthquakes are fo frequent at Acapulco
that the People are forced of neceffitv to
build low Houfes. Friday 8ch the Mate
of the Admiral having agreed with me
for a Black at 400 Pieces of Eight he
felt his Lips, Cheeks and Legs, to fee
whether he wasnocfwell’d • wichoiitcon-
iidcring that: the Blacks have naturally
thick Lips. Saturday 9 th, I law abun-
dance of Mules come in loaded with
Goods and Provisions. Sunday 10th I
Hir’d not out becaufe of the grea*- Heat
Monday nth, the Caftellan invited the
General o f China, Admiral of Peru D
Jofeph Lopez., the Viceroy’s Treasurer
m and feveral Officers of the Ships to
fee fome very indifferent fugling per-
lorm’d byan'oldtffwjj*, and the heft of
it was, that the Gueftspaid for the Fn-
tertainment, the old Mari goinr about
when he had done, to receive every Man’s
Benevolence, without receiving any
Thing from the Caftellan. Tuefday 1 zth
I order’d my Affairs to fetoutfor Mevi-
co •, hiring 3 Mules for 30 Pieces of Eight
each, tho’ it was to coll me fix Royals a
Day upon the Road for (heir Meat. Wed--
nejday 1 3th, Afternoon the Peru Tender
fail’d, to carry thither theafbremention’d
D . J o f ph Lopez. the Treafurer He liav
ingcontraaed Friend/hip with me would
have perfuaded me to go to Lim a ’ where
he faid he would perfnade the Viceroy to
give me fome good Poll, but being re
folv’dto return into Europe no Intereft
could draw me. I took my leave of ail mv
Friends the following Days • and Sunday
17th being S^nw-Sunday, the Blacks
Mulattos and Mejlicos of Acapulco after
Dinner ran Races with above an hundred
Horfes *, which they perform’d fo well
that I thought they far outdid the Gran-
dees I faw ride at Madrid, tho’ thefe ufe
to praclife a Month before they appear
in
 HI .......... ^ „. , \
C b p .ll
in Publick. This is no Fable, forthofe embracing, without ever loofing their
Gcrnelli. Blacks would ride an Italian Mile, Tome hold, or being difcompos’d in all that
1598. holding one another by the Hand, others fpace.
C H A P. II.
The A u th or's Journey to the Im perial C ity o f
fa m e.
teirftIra. T TAving taken a Guide from the Cu-
X x ftom-Houfe, and the Cailellan’s
Pals tor the Guard half a League from A-
eapulco not to Hop me, I fet out on Mon-
day 1 8th at four in the Afternoon, and
having pafs’d the Guard aforefaid, and
gone up and down vaft high Mountains,
in all three Leagues Journey, 1 came to
the Inn of Attaxo, confiflingof five Cot-
tages , Thatch’d and Palifado’d about.
Here a legion of Gnats fuck’d my Blood
all the Night. The owner of the three
Mules having flay’d behind at Acapulco,
I was oblig’d to Hay for him at the Inn
onTuefday 19th till Noon. I could not
choofe but have a bad Shrovetide in fuch
a leurvy Place, for the Holt made me
pay a Piece of Eight for a Pullet, and a-
bout a Penny a piece for Eggs. The
Wood adjoining was full of Game-, where
for my Diverlion I kill’d fome Chiachia-
laceas. This Bird is of an Alh-colonr,
has a long Tail, is little lefsthan a Hen,
and as well Tailed. In the thickell o f
the Wood I found many fine Orange and
Lemmon- Trees, whofc Fruit was loll for
wantofiome -ody to gather it. Setting
out hence, after travelling three Leagues
over Mountains and through Forefts of
. Inn Brazil-Wood, Icame about Sun-fet to the
2' Few a, that is, the Inn of Lexido, where
I had a bad Night again by reafon of the
Gnats. Wheaten Bread is quite bannilh’d
from thofe Parts, for the Inhabitants eat
, none but Cakes made of Maiz. or Indian
rea ' Wheat, which isalfo given to the Horfes
and Mules inltead of Barley. Theyfirft
wet, and then grind it on a Stone as they
do Cacao. The Cakes made of that
Dough they bake on an Earthen Pan, 0-
ver a gentle Fire. Hot they are tolera-
ble i but when cold I could fcarce get
them down.
I fet out early uponWednefday the 20th,
shiocitccos and travelling through a plainer Country,
a fort 01 C3fne after four Leagues riding to the
Vruit' i nn> call’d de dos Arroyas, or of two
Brooks, where 1 relied till towards the
Evening. An Indian of this Place gave
me a fort of wild Fruit to eat (call’d
Shiociaccos, that is lharp) red and white,
as long as a Finger, and of the taltc of a
Vol. IV.
r
\ *
..»•■ .. ■ - - __ ______ ,- *«. -v:’ ’ •-•-"■•
<gL
Of W e W
ST A I R 5of^
Mexico, and D efcrip tio n o f the
Cherry. Within it there were little
black Seeds, like Peppef. The Tree
that bears it, is ufually ten Spans high,
and its Leaves long. The Air being fome-
what cooler, we travelPd four Leagues
farther, and lay at a place call’d lot Pouie- '
los. Before Night I kill’d a wild Cock,
which the Indians call a Phealant. It is
bigger than a Capon, has a long Tail and
Wings, a Tuft on the Head, and black ,
Feathers, but the Breaft black and white,
and the Neck bare like a Turky Cock i
the Flefh of it is not unfavotiry. 1 he
Night wascool and without Gnats, tho’
we lay under the Canopy of Heaven,
Thurfday 7.1 lb in the Morning, we fet out
early to go takefomc Refrelhmentat the
Pilgrims Inn, on the Mountain of the fame
Name. Thence wc rode very cautioufly
along the fides of the Mountain del Papa- papdgyro*
gayo, or of the Parrot, where a Man mull Hill.
climb a League up a folid Rock, and then
go as far down, no lefs troublefome a
Road to come to the River of the lame
Name, which 1 forded over ; but in
Winter when fwell’d with the Rains they
crofs it upon Floats. Thefe arc made o f pioat3,
Planks ty’d acrofs, and bore up by 20, or
fometimes 60 Calabalhes* according to
the bignefs faftned under it. When the
Float is loaded, an Indian leaps into the
Water, drawing it with one hand and
fwimming with the other, till he brings
it to the other Bank, and the Currental-
ways carrying it down, therefore the In-
dian afterwards takes it on his back,
and carries it to the right place. Ha-
ving pafs’d the River, we went to lye at
the Inn of Caccavotal (fo called becaufe
formerly there were abundance of Cacao
Trees in that place) having travell’d fix
Leagues this Day, over very uncouth
Mountains. At Night I kill'd >two CW*
achilaccas, which ferv’d at Supper, for
want of other Meat.
Friday 22d, after riding four Leagues p os am;-
of Mountainous way, we relied at Los „5sa v i l -
dos earn!nos, or the two Ways, the firft kige-
Village in the way from Acapulco. We
lodg'd in the Town Houfe, whither In-
dians came to do us any Service wc had
to Command. Among thefe Mountains
S ss the
S o l
III
' ■ / ' - ’ t *,); ■ ' , ' •■ , '/
<5L ■ 1

5°^___ Voyage round the W O R L D. Book!

the Air vvas/cooler than that we''came our Goods and us on Floats, as was Paid
0e™ Q ’ •r0m’ Foiu' MuIes <J!HCC fpe,l£ were left above > thc Current carrying them down
,nrllls Village, and others taken in their a Musket foot before they a rue to the
^ -N; room. Setting out we went up firft and further Bank. Other Indians carry’d the
then down the dreadful deep Mountain Mules over the Ford, which was not a
de !os CtxM'h which is a League high, bove a Musket foot over. We lav in r lJ
Mountain, and having rode four Leagues came to Field, two Leagues from the Place they
the Guard of tile Cttftorns ot Acca^fot- call Nopalilio Canada JelCarrizd. About
*+ ,n * ! “ ch Cottage we Supp’d and Lay. ten at Night hapned a terrible Earth-
I he Officers fearch d my Goods, and quake, which lafted whilft a Man might
made good my Pafs 1 broughefrom Aca- Fry the Creed twice, k could do no
• harm to us who were in the open Field:
Saturday 23d, we fet out late and tra- but at AcapAco as was afterwards known
willing four Leagues, part Mountain and it laid feveral Houfes level with the
]).irt Valley vve came to the Trapkhi of Ground.
MaffatUn, fo call’d becaule there is a Tuefday 26th before Sun-rifine whilH
good Sugar Work. Our Muletiers who the Mules were Sadling the Farthauake
reckned atPleafure counted thefe but two return’d y being preceded by f S like
Leagues, becaule they were never wea- a Cannon foot. Mounting we travelPd
. ry v. i di Riding. Here we found good four Leagues on an indifferent good Road-
Inead, which is no little Rarity among by the way I foot feveral Chiaccalarral
tk- MounDIM. whole Inhabitant, J and other Bird,, whereof thele
none tat little Cakes of m
ijn
I W
heat, plenty. Puffin
Not far from this I lace is a Silver Mine, came to dine near a little Lake • and ri-
TtUiquilltt and abundance of Deer. After Thinner ding three Leagues further lav at />«,/»/„
. village. WetravdM two t a p . f„rther to the f » L , th.t is,“new T o ll * * »
Village de las PataqmlUs, oaoftfting of a is a great Lake full of Ducks
few Mountains at the toot of the Hill, and Wedntfday 27th, after travelling fix
lay in the Town-Houfe. At Night we Leagues over rugged Mountains / rve
felt much Cold,the Climate differing from retted by the Watery and then riding
th.u of Acapulco. as many Leagues more, foorded a great
Chilpmfin- 'Wj <y24th, having rode two League* River at Night, and lay at the Village of
* « * » * « f Village of a u ,,„ . Amaatftc, Sf the U l ^ t S S OmOa
fw o a convenient Place, m the midltof Such good Order is taken, that when-
the\ aUey, fo plentiful of M mz or In- foever Travellers come in, the Topde
vVhcat, that they lay up their Har- and Mefonero^ or Innkeeper come mime-
veil; in little Country Houfes, or Barns diately to furnifo them with all things ne-
madc GlVv'ood and Clay. ^ The Maidens ceflary. Thc Topde, which in the \fex-
in this Place to beautify their Faces and icon Language fignifies, Sergeant or Ser-
iecui-e themagainft the Cold, daub them vant, is oblig’d to buy all the Paflengers
with a yellow Flower pounded. We Hand in need of, and the Innkecpefto
went hence t.vo I eagues further to lye drefs it, make the Beds, and fee there
Zumpmgo. at Zumpann, another Village in the VaJ- be no want of Utcnfils, Water and
leys; which the Spaniards call Canada^ Fewel. ’ WdCer and
becaufe there is a Road eight Leagues in lUrfday 28th, after three Leagues ri- 4g m
length without foelter of any Trees. In ding, we came to ArtMgKtzJnnfwhere TO*
all thefe publick Houfes there is an Inn- having relied a little , we went two Altu&kca-
keeper, and other Indians, who ferve Leagues further to Alpurleca a Village of
Travellers in drefling their Meat, and Comavacca, and there din’d. Irithemib-
hnd them Salt and Fewel for nothing, be- lick Houfe we found a Teponaftr or
J“ g p f hd 1?r *U by ll!e PubIldh They Drnm’ fach as the Indians uski formerly
keep the Longings clean, and have al- to beat. It was made of a piece of
ways an Altar 111 them, with an Image of Timber hollow’d, four fpans Ions and
our Saviour or fome Saint. both ends cover’d with f i f and^aSe
Monday 7-5th, I let out berimes, and a node that might be bear’d half a League
a\e d through a Plain like that ot h - off. After Dinner travelling a League
rW, riding: nine 1 eagues without draw- 1 pals’d by Cmbiuptc, where 1 faw anin*
Baifki-Ri- |ng 8 p’ c° the R‘™ r.,{c las %*/**•> fo call’d different Church of religions Men and
ver- tT° rs « ?n BalJ* * or Floats- three Leagues further, ‘ we lay in the
Both this Rivet and chat ot Papagayo run open Field. This Day we crofs’d two
clown to the South Sea. The Indians of large Rivers
the neighbouring Village pafs’d over all
Friday

1 0 i

r,od
 —- miiiilm II .................... — ---------- — -------------------------- ---------------------------- ----------

<SL
’:i .-, \ * :J1

Ch'ipTE ofN E W 5 P A N.
Friday the fitft of March, after a my Trunks fearch’d ; but the Officers
Cemelli. Leagues riding, we halted at Cornavaca, there were extraordinary Civil to niftj
1698. the°ehiet Place of the A lcan a, or Go- only juft opening them, and feeing what
L /V N J vernment of that Name, belonging to was ar the Top. Being difmifVd at the
Comsatctu the Marquefs del Valle, or of the Valley, Cuftom-Houfe, I went away to an Inn
which reaches to the Valley of Amacu- very ill ferv’d, to ftay there till 1 had
fac. The Place is Rich, becaufe inha- provided a Lodging,
bited by many Merchants attracted by Monday 4th, I went to pay my Re*
the goodnefs of the Soil. Having taken fpefts to Count Montezuma the Vice-
fome Refrelhment I fee out again, and roy } who receiv’d meCourteotifly. Go­
at the end of half a League, having pafs’d ing ont 1 met the Sindics, or chief Ma-
7altcnmo. the final] Village of Taltenango, about giftrates of two Indian Villages, at-
a League further, the way very trouble- tended by many People, they being come
fome, came to the Top of the Mountain in the Name of all their People. It is
of Cornavaca, where ftands a Village their Cuftom, when they <ye to prefenc
r .... call’d Guicbilac. The Inhabitants of it a Petition, to carry a great Tree, co-
make good Pulcre, a Liquor, which be- Ver’d with Flowers, which they leave
ing drawn from the Plant call’d Maghey, with the Viceroy. An Exprefs from A -
and work’d up with fome Herbs, will capulco brought the News of the Mifchief
make Men Drunk like Wine. The Ex- done there by ‘the Earthquake on the
cife upon this Liquor formerly yielded 2yth and 26th of the lalt Month. In
the King 100000 Pieces of Eight, but Mexico fome Monafteries were over-
he Prohibited it, becaufe of the Bruta- thrown, and fomeHonfcs dammag’d.
lities the Indians committed when they Tucfday 5th, 1 heard Divine Service
were Drunk. 1 drank fome of it, as it in the Cathedral, and Wednefday 6th,
came from the Plant, and thought ic went to the Mint, where 1 was told they
tailed like the Mead in Spain, the Co- coin’d 16000 Pieces of Eight a Day*
lour of it was like Whey, or Milk and T hurfday 7th, 1 law the Monaftery of
Honey. Going three Leagues further, St. Bernard, of Nuns of that Order. It
we lay all Night on a horrid Mountain is very large, and the Church adorn’d^
full of Pine-Trees ■, becaufe the Owner with rich Altars. That of our Lady of
of the Mules, to fave the Expence of Valraneda is not Inferior to it, where
Towns, made thirty he had with him on Friday 8th, 1 faw the Church ferv’d
Graze upon the Common \ which made by venerable Pi iefts, and noble Nuns in
them fo Weak, that only five of them the upper and lower Quire.
Wrought in their Turns. The worft of Saturday 9th, the Obfequies of the
it was that in Mountainous Places, there Queen-Mother were celebrated in the
was none but wither’d Grafs, fuch as Church of Jefus M aria, a Maujoleum be-
the Country People burnt to Manure the ing ereded in the middle of it, and
Ground. That Night fo much Snow fell, the Viceroy, Magiftrates, and Nobility
that in the Morning my Quilt was quite being prefent. In this Monaftery they
rover’d, bv which you may guefs how receive without any Portions the Daugh-
pjot 1 iay. ters of the Succeftors of the firft Con- _
A Saturday 2d, we went down the Moun- querors, and of other well deferving
L ieu's tain along a craggy Road, and travell’d Perfons> but they muft have the King’s
Cuevas. four Leagues and a half to Sc. Auguftin Order for ic, who allows for their Main-
de las Cuevas having firft paid a Royal tenance \ other Maids are admitted
for every Mule to the Guards of the paying their Portions.
Road whom we found at the foot of the Sunday ioth, four Oydores, or Judges,
Mountain. The F. Procurator of the and a Fifeal, o r- Sollicitor General fee
Million of China, who was in this Place out for Acapulco, in their way to Manila,
treated me very Civilly ■, for which rea- to fucceed thofe there who were to come
ron 1 left him fome Goods, that might to M exico, to be employ’d in the Courts
have caus’d me Trouble at the Cuftom- there. D . Michael de Ifurrietta, at
Houfe of Mexico. We went on with a whofe Houfe 1 was entertain’d defir d
great Storm of Wind and Rain •, and me to go with him to St. Augujiin de las
paffing by another Houfe of Toll, three Cuevas, to bear his Nephew D . Francis
Leagues further entred the City of M ex- de Caftro y Gufman, who was going
ico over a Caufway or Terrace made Captain o f Foot to Manila, Company }
upon the Lake. The Officer that is ge- which 1 did, as well to oblige D. M -
neratly at the entrance of the City, went chael, and to bring away the Goods I
with me to the Cuftom-Houfe, to have left there with the Father Procurator.
Vol IV. Sff 2 We

/ #
y \ v
r *#
* v < 09

508 A Voyage round the W O R L D .
PvA-zT We went in a Coach, and"came late to
Gemelli, that Hofpitiim of the Francijlans. M on-
ttfs>8. day n th , after the Captain was gone
wjth the Oydares we return’d to M e x ic o .
•M W W Cocall'd by the
City de- and by the Indians Jenochiitlan, is in the
ferib’d. latitude of 19 deg. and 40 min. and
in the midft of a Valley, almoft flat,
fourteen Spaniih Leagues in length from
North to South, feven in breadth, and
about forty in:compafs y but if it were
meafur’d from the tops of the Moun-
tains next to Mexico, it would be 70, or
perhaps 90 Leagues.
On the Eaftrfide of this Valley is a
Lake, into which feveral Rivers, and
other Waters fall y which ftretches
Southward, as far as the City of Tef~
chco, The Ridge of Mountains that en-
clofe it on all lides in the loweft Place
is 42 soo Stani&s Paras, or Yards above
the Lake.
The City is feated in a perfed Plain,
near, or rather exadly in the middle
of the Lake. and therefore by reafon
of the iuftability of the Soil, the Build-
ings are half bury’d ,v in fpight of the
Inhabitants, who ufe all means to Lay
the Foundations fecure. The Plat of it
is fquare y and it looks like a curious
Chefs-board, by reafon of its long, wide
and well pav’d Streets, lying North,
and South, Eaft and Weft y fo that the
whole Extent of it may be feen, not
only from the middle, as Palermo from
the W a t Market, but from any part of
it whatfoever. The Compafs is two
Leagues, and the Diameter half a
League, the whole being almoft a per-
fed Square. There are five ways into
the City, over as many Caufways, or
Banks on the Lake, without VVtills, or
Gates: The ways are call’d la Pkdadj
or the Piety y St. jlntony, Guadalupe,
St. Cofmc, and Chapnltepee y the Caltada,
or Caufway del Person, which Cortes
march’d over, when he came to Con-
truer, being now quite taken away. For
excellent Strudures and Ornaments of
Churches it maybe faid to vie with the
beft of Italy y but for beautiful Women
it furpaffes it y for they are molt beau-
ttful, and excellently flrap’d. They are
great adtnirers of £HT^veans^ whom they
call Cachopines y and they had rather
Marry them, tho’ never fo Poor, than
their ovvn Country People, call’d Criollos,
tho’ Richy feeing them fond o f the
Mulatto Women, whofe ill Cuftoras they
have imbib’d, as they fuck'd their Milk.
For this reafon the Criollos have fuch an
Averfion for the Europeans, that they
1 fame
S<°
<5L
Book 1.
J cxt them, 3$ they go along theSueets:,
giving otic mother Notice from Shop
to Shop, by crying Ehs, which ftgmfies
"fts he y and therefore the Spaniards new- 1
If come f e d * C
a I affioa fii d PiftoL at then). Nay,
they carry this Prejudice fo far, that
they hate their Own Parents becauie they
are Europeans. _
_Mexico contains about_iooooo Inha-
bitants y but the greatelt part of them
Blacks and Mulattoes, by reafon or the
vaft number of Slaves that has been car-
ry’d thither. Another reafon is, That
all the Lands being in the Hands of
Church-men, as well as the Houles y the
Spaniards, and other Europeans, finding
no way to get Eftates real, as all dif-
creet Perfons ought to do, will not ea-
lily be pervaded to Marry, and gene-
rally they themfelves become Religious
Men. Thus, tho’ within the City there
be 22 Nunneries, and 29 Monafterics of Monafte-
Monks and Friars of feveral Orders, ries.
they are all richer than they ought to be.,
That the Reader may have feline infight
into this, the Cathedral alone maintains
nine Canons ( belides one for the King,
whofe Revenue the Inqoifition enjoys, as
it does one in every Cathedral through- The C»-
out New Spain) five Dignify’d Priefts,w'a. thedral.
the Dean, Archdeacon, Schoolmafter,
Chanter, and Treafurer y fix Demi-Ca-
nons, and fix half Dcmt-CaoUns y oiie
head Sacriftan y four Curates chofen by
the Viceroy y twelve rdyal Chaplains,
deded by the Chapter y and eight others
call'd of Lamrnzana, thefe alfo appoint-
ed by the Chapter y all the reft being
appointed by the King. The Arch-
bifliop takes to himfelf out ot the pub-
lick Stock 60000 Pieces of Eight a
the Dean 110 0 0 ; the four other Dig-
nify’d Priefts 8000 each y the Canons
6000 y the Demi-Canons 5000 y the
half Demi-Canons 3000 y each Curate
4000 y every Chaplain 300-, and the
other Prieft and Attendants lefs, being
in all to the number of 300. So that
upon Computation it will appear that
theCathedral oiMexico has above 300000
Pieces of Eight of yearly Income y reck-
ning together with the Livings the al-
lowance for Repairs, Wax, vcitments,
and other Neceflaries for the Divine
Service. Infhort, M e x ic o is a little City
fix Miles in compafs, a fffiall fpace for fo
great a number of Churches, which caufe
a want of Houfes for Inhabitants,
The Weather in Mexico is very une- Climate.
qual all the Year about y it being tor
the inoft part both Cold and Hot at the
■ S -fr
m f
"C b p I O fN E W
rv jv ^ n fame time; that is, cold in the Shade,
Cernelli. and hot in the Sun. In other Refpeds
1 698. the Air is not bad, being neither Hot
t-OT'O nor Cold to any great Excefsat,no time
of the Year tho’ the tender Inhabitants
complain of the Cold being fomewhat
Iharp in the Morning; and of the Heat
from March .till July. From that time
forward the Rains quell it, as happens
at Goa, otherwife both thofe Countries
being under the torrid Zone would be
Inhabitable, as the antient Philofophcrs
imagin’d- From September the Rains are
lefs frequent, and very final] till March,
The Indians reckon thofe pleafant Nights
Cold, which begin in November, and
hold till February ■, but the Europeans,
who are not fo Tender, like the Cli-
mate, becaufe there is no great Heat,
or Cold all the Year, and the Water
they drink is as cool as the ambient Air.
The Soil by real'on of the great Rains
that fall, gives three Crops in a Year ;
but in feveral Places. The firft: is call'd
de Rieeo, that is, of watering, and falls
out in'June, being of the Corn fow’d in
OFlober. The fecond, nam’d del Tern-
porat, that is, of the Seafon, is in Otto-
C H A P .
O f the O rigin al o f the C ity of Mexico, its Conquefls, and the Chronology o f
its K jn g s.
HE antient Hiftories of M exico
T make mention of a Flood, in
of the O- winch all Men and Bealts Perifh d ; and
riginal of only one Man and Woman were fav’d
Mexico. jn a Boat, which in their Language they
call Acaile. The Man according to the
Character by which his Name is ex-
prefs’d, was call’d Coxcox, and the Wo-
mau ChicheqnerzAl. This Couple com-
ing to the foot of a Mountain, which
according to the Pidure was nam’d Cul-
huacan, went aihore, and there had ma-
ny Children, all born Dumb. When
tliey were multiply’d to a great Num-
ber, one Day a Pigeon came, and from
the top of a Tree gave them their
Speech ■, but not one of them under-
flood the others Language, and there-
fore they divided, and difpers’d, every
one going to take Poffelfton of fomc
Country. Among thefe they reckon
fifteen Heads of Families, who hapning
to fpeak the fame Language, join’d to-
gether, and went about to find fome
Land to Inhabit. When they had wan-
dred an Hundred and four Years (which
is denoted by the Figure at Number I.)
«
,/ f *
f% *|
* ft
v V 11
) '
<sl
S T T T R. W
ber, of what was fow’d in June. , The
third, becaufe very uncertain is term’d
Aventurera, that is, Accidental, the
Land being till’d in November, along
the fides of the cool Mountains, to Sow
it as the Weather proves. The M alt,
or Indian Wheat, which is the chief
Suftenance of the Natives is fow’d,. the
earlieft in March, and the lateft in May,
and yields a wonderful Increafe. For
this reafon it is cheap Living at Mexico
in comparifon of other'Cities •, half a
Piece o f Eight a Day being enough for
a Man’s Expence. But it is to be ob-
ferv’d, That there being no Brafs Mo-
ny, and the leaft Piece in Silver being
half a Royal, that is, three Pence, it
is very chargeable buying Fruit. How-
ever it is only in the Market of Mexico ,
that Ctaw-Nuts are Current, in buying
of Herbs, and they give 60, or 80 for
a Royal, according as the Price of Cacao
runs higher or lower, in fhort, Mexico
mull be allow’d to be an excellent City,
for all the Year round there are Flow-
ers and Fruits of all forts in its Mar-
kets.
III.
they came to the Place they call Antlan,
and continuing their Journey thence,
came firft to the Place call’d Chapultcpee,
then to Culhuacan, and laftly to the
Place where Mexico now Hands; tho’
the M exican Hiftories do not always
give thele Places the fame Name. Thus
Mexico was founded in the Year the In-
dians call Ome cagli, which anfwers to
the Year 1325. from the Creation. The
pointed Line is the way the Founders
traveil’d * the Figures by it are the Pla-
ces where they made any ftay ; the Cir-
cles the number of Years every one
continu’d there. The meaning of it all
is exprefs’d in every thing by a Cha-
rader or Figure,
The defign the Author had. in Cop-
pying this Pidure from an antient Ori-
ginal drawn by the Indians in the time
they were Pagans, was to ILew they
were as Antient as the Flood -, tho’ the
Chronology is not fo Exad as it Ihould
be, there being too few Years allow’d
between the Flood and Founding of
Mexico. The Reader will the better
conceive it by the following Cut, and
by
5 ....... . - i :
H I
510 Faytfgi? round the W O R L D.
V *——........— - — — —
r ■■— - --------- ■ -
C v A ^ by what jfhall be faid more diflinctly
Gcme/h, hereafter. See Acoflab nat. and mor. 0 jj.fi
I« 9 3. of the h d . lib. 7. cap. 2. pag. 453*
wfid'Teo- Thus lt aPPcars> T hat the firlt inha-
pic, bitants of New Spain were a lort o f wild
People, lince they kept on the uncouth
Mountains, without T illin g the Land,
without R elig io n , without any Form
o f Government, and without C loaths;
living after a diforderly Manner like
Bealls ; feeding upon what they kill’d,
(whence they h;id the name o f Otomies,
and Chichimecas) tho’ they were foul
Creatures ; and for want o f them, on
Roots-, and lying in Dens, and under
thick Bulhes. T h e Women follow’d the
fame Employments leaving the Children
harigiug on the Trees. Now at this
time in New Mexico and Parral there is
fu ch afo rto fM .cn , defeended from Chi-
chequetzal and Coxcox, who remain’d in
barren and mountainous Lands, without
troubling themfelvcs to feek for a bet-
te r Soil* and who Hill live upon what
they kill, and never join together un-
lefs it be to Rob and Murder Travellers.
T h e Spaniards have not been able to
Subdue them, becaufe it is in vain to
look for them, who hide themfdves in
thick W oods, where they have no fet-
led Place o f Abode ; and to endeavour
to Fight them would be no other than
hunting o f wild Bealls.
Thofe more polite and fociable Men
defeended from feven o f thofe fifteen
we faid, fet out to find a good Country,
are call'd Navatlacas, to dillinguifh them
from the Chichimecas ; and thele, as their
Hiftoi ians believe, came from a remote
Country, towards the North, thought
to be that now call’d the Province o f
Jz tla n , or Tenttd, in New Mexico. Some
Span,(h Authors will have it, that thefe
Navatlacas, coming out o f that Coun-
try in 820, (pent 80 Years before they
camc to Mexico, where they fetied in
the Year poo. But this does not agree
with the Picture before-mention’d, or
the Hilt odes o f the Indians, who w ill
have it to be in 13 2 5 , as has been faid.
T h e occafkm o f their Stay, was their
Hopping now and then in Obedience to
an Idol o f theirs, to People fomc Places;
whence they afterwards departed by
Order o f the fame Idol. I fpeak ac-
cording to their Hiftories and T raditi-
ons. T hey came not all together to the
powders Lake Qf Mexico, but one after another,
’ T he hr ft were the Su-chimilci, which
fignifies Gardeners o f F low ers, who
■ felling .on the South Bank founded a
City o f their own Name. T he next a
*•
^ iv
<§L
Book L
, -. . . -i.,
great while after, were the Chialci, that
is. People o f the Mouths, and built a
C ity o f their own Name, not far from
the former. Then tame the Tavantcas,
or People o f the. B rid ge; who fixing
on the W eft fide o f the Lake, increas’d
to fuch Numbers,, that their Metropolis
was call’d J1.capuz.aU0, that is, Ants
N ell. T h ey were a long time very
Powerful.
Then came the Founders o f Tefcuco,
call’d Culhua, or the crooked People,
becaufe in their Country they had a
crooked Mountain, and planted cowards \
the Ealt. T h e Lake being thus befet
by thefe four N ations, when the fifth
Family o f the Tlatclukas, that is, Igno-
rant Mountain People came, finding all
the Plains as far as the Mountains taken *
up, they went away to a Fruitful hot
Plain, beyond the Mountain; ., and there
built the C ity Quahuac, which fignifies
an Eagle, and is ac prefent corruptly
call’d Quernavaca, and is thp chief Place
o f chc Lftate o f the Marquefs i t Walk,
and Duke o f Momtleon. The fixth G e-
nerarion was that o f the TUfcaltecas,
which fignifies People o f Bread (in En?~
L/b generally call’d Tlafcallans) who
palling beyond that burning Mountain
always cover’d with Snow, which is be-
tween Mexico and Puebla de los .Anodes,
or the City o f Angels, founded many
Cities and Villages to the Ealtward,
calling the Metropolis Tlafcala. T his
Nation afterwards aflifted the Spaniards
to Subdue M exico, and in Requital was
made T ax-free.
O f all the Chichimecas, or wild Peo-
pie, none oppos’d the Tlafcallans but
the Inhabitants o f the oppofite fide o f
the aforefaid burning Mountain ; but
they not regarding the Gigantick Sta-
ture of their''Enemies, knew how to 0-
vercomc them by Policy. T he Barba-
rous Chichimecas, feeing thefe fix N ati-
ons keep a friendly Correfpondence with
one another contradling Marriages to-
gether, marking out their Borders, and
vying to out-do one another in good
Government ; they alfo began to take
up a better Form o f Living, covering
their Privities, building Huts, obeying
their Superiors, and forfaking many o f
their brutal Culloms. However, they
refolv’d Hill to keep in the Mountains
remote from any Commerce with the
others; and from thefe it is beFev’d the
Inhabitants o f the other Provinces o f
the Indies derive their Original.
After the aforefaid fix"Nations had
been fetied there 302 Years (according
to
. 1
 ‘ G0l^ \
f jt
c ^ n r ...~ p f h b w
to the Computation o f F. Acofta above
Cemdli. cited) came the fixth call’d Mexicans
Idp8. from their Prince M exi. This Nation
t / Y V departed from its antient Country, up-
on the fatal Promife made them by their
Idol P'ltxilifuzitU, that he would Con-
dud them to a Place, where they Ihould
have the Command over all the Frovin-
. tes Peopled by the other Nations ;
whereupon there is an Author, who is
not afham’d to make a Companion be-
tween this People’s T ravels, and thofe
o f the Children o f Ifrktl in the Deferc.
Four Prtefts declar’d the Idol’s W ill,
| on the w a y ', making ail the Multitude
at their Beck fettle in feveral Places,
build Hoafes, and Sow for fome time ;
and perfwading them to offer human
Sacrifices to their falfe Deity. Then
departing from thofe Places by Order
ot the Idol, they left the Old and Sick
behind to People them, if poffible. Once
the Mexicans fettled at Meckoacan,- that
is, Land o f Filh, becaufe o f the great
Plenty there is in its Lakes, and having
made many Villages there, went on to
Inhabit Melinalco, the Inhabitants o f
which Place are reputed to be defeend-
ed o f a great Sorcerer left there in
the Temple. Being at. length come to
Ckaptihcpec., they there fortify’d them-
felves ; and in a fhort time overthrew,
and reduced the other fix Nations to a
low Condition ; efpecially the Chaleos,
who oppos’d, and made W ar upon them.
T h e time appointed by the Father o f
Lies ador’d in that Idol, being com e;
Fitailipnuli appear’d to one o f thole
P j feds in a Dream, and told him, the
Mexicans mnft go and fettle their A -
bode in that part o f the Lake, where
they found an Eagle, perching upon a
« F ig -T ree, Whofe Root was upon a
Rock. Having told his Viiion in the
,, Morning, they all went together in
fearch o f this Sign given, and after
fome time fpent found a Fig-T ree grow -
ing out o f a Rock, and on it a moll
beautiful Eagle, looking upon the Sun
with her W ings difplay’d, and holding
a pretty little Bird in her Talons ; and
about her many others, fome W hite,
fome Green, fome Red, Yellow , and
Blew. Upon this Sight they all fell down
to pay their Adoration, and prefently
began to Build their C ity, which they
call’d Tcnochtitlan, that is, Fig-T ree on
a Rock. For this reafon, to this D ay
the Arms o f the City o f Mexico are an
Eagle with her Wings difplay’d, look-
ing on the Sun, holding a Snake in her
Talons, and Handing with one Foot on
a Branch of an Indian F ig -T ree ; and.
. ?.
/n
<sl
p
i a / M .....
bolides, by Grant o f the Emperor Charles
V. a Caftle, Or, on a Field A zu re, to
denote the Lake, with a Bridge to it,
and tw o others on the tides that do net
touch it, on which are two Lions Ram -
pant. In Bafe two green Fig-Leaves
in a Field Or.
T h e next Day the Mexicans thought
fit to build a Tabernacle to place their
Idol in, till they could have Leaftire td
E re d a ftately Temple.) when the C ity
was finilh’d. This done, the Idol or-
der’d by the Mouth o f his Priells, that
all the Mexicans Ihould divide them-
felves into four Parts, liaving the T a -
bcrnacle in the middle ; and thefe are
the four great Quarter; o f Mexico, now
call’d o f St. John, of St. Mary Redondo
or the Round, o f St. / W , and o f St.
Sebaftian. A fter this Divifion he di-
reded, every Quarter Ihould make it
felf an Idol, and fub-divide into other
fmall Wards ; and thus from a final!
beginning, the City o f Mexico grew up
to its heighth, as more plainly appears
by the foremention’d Cut.
c „ „
ee ' a&e 5 1 u
N ext the Mexicans perceiv’d it Was Firft
neceffary for them to have a Head, who vernmenc
Ihould Govern them , and ftudy the fetled.
means o f preferving what they had got,
and extending their Empire over their
Neighbours. Accordingly they chofe a
Youth call’d Acamapticbtli, the Son of a
Mexican Prince by the Daughter o f the
K ing o f Cdhuacan, which Name figni- King,
fies a D og in the F i l l ; and this they
did to appeafe that K ing, who had been
highly provok’d by them, by killing and
fleaing the Daughter o f his Predeceflbr.
From that time forward they began to
have a Form o f Government, and to be
look’d upon by Strangers ; fo that the
neighbouring People enjoying their Ho-
nour endeavour’d to Deftroy them ; psr-
ticularly the Tapanecds o f Az.capuz.alco,
to whole King the Mexicans paid T r i-
bute, as being fhe lad that came to In-
habit there. The King o f Auapnxjtlco
feeking a Pretence to break the Peace,
lent word to Acamapichtli, that the T r i-
bute was too fm all; and chetefore, for
the fut ure he Ihould fend him all Mate-
rials for building his C ity, and every
Year a certain quantity of Grain, but
it mud be fuch as grew within the W a-
ter o f the L a k e ; otherwife he would
D ell toy his Kingdom. T he Mexicans
looking upon this as impoffible were very
much concern’d ; but their God appear-
ing, encourag’d them to admit the con-
dition
v * fc;
v. \
('(!))) - '
Cy j ^ ^ Voyage round the VV O IvL
r*s-A^> dicion of the Tribute j for he would be
Gemelll. aiding to them. T o conclude the next
1698. Year they carry’d that King a floating
Garden with feveral Greens growing on
it beiides Tim ber for Building ; and
fudi a floating piece o f Land on the Lake
is carefully cultivated to this Day. They
lay Rulhes and long Grafs interwoven
together on the W ater, with Earth up-
on them, which bears out the Water ;
and when the Seed there fown is grown
up and Ripe, they cut the Roots of the
Rudies and Grafs grown in the W ater,
and then carry the floating Garden where
they pleafe upon the Lake. The King
o f Az.capuz.alco much furpriz’d at this
W onder, order’d that the next Year
they Ihould bring him fuch another G ar-
den, with a Duck fitting on her Eggs,
which were to be Hatch’d before his
Face. Seeing this afterwards perform’d,
and thinking it Supernatural, he told his
Subje&s that the M exica n s would oneDay
Subdue all about them ; yet he would
not Eafc them of their Tribute.
jffuhtUuh- Tile King o f Mexico, having Reign’d
tti 2aK.bg forty Years, dy’d without appointing
" his Sons to Succeed him j and therefore
in return for this his Moderation, the
chief Men Alfembling, chofe one o f his
Sons,whofeName was HuizalauhtU,which
lignifies rich Quil,and then Crown’d and
anointed him with the Oyl wherewith
they us’d to anoint their Idols. Then
they gave him to W ife, the Daughter o f
the King o f Azjsapuz.alco, who prevail’d
with her Father to change the firlt T r i-
bute into a couple o f Ducks, and a little
Filh. The Wedding was kept with great
Solemnity, according to Cuftom ; which
was perform’d by tying one end or point
o f the Bridegroom’s Cloak, to the point
o f the Brides, to denote the Matrimoni-
al knot. T h e Queen dying, the King
did not outlive her a Year, but dy’d in
the thirtieth year o f his A ge, andthir-
teenthof his Reign.
Chimxlpo- His Son Cbimalpopoca was chofen the 3d
poex 2d King, at ten Years o f A g e ; adding to
King- the antient Ceremonies o f Coronation,
that o f putting into his L eft hand a Bow,
and Arrow , and into his Right a naked
Sword. T here being a great fcarcity o f
W ater in his Kingdom, he got leave o f
the King o f Az.capuzalco, his Grandfa-
ther by the Mothers fide, to bring W a-
ter from the Mountain o f Chapultepec, a
league diltant from M ex ico ; but the
Mexicans having made the Pipes o f Cane,
and little or no Water coming through
them to the Lake, they were fo bold as
to demand o f that K ing their Friend,
O . Book I, -
Stone, Lime, Tim ber, and Woikmen to
make a folid Aqueduft.The Tepanecas of-
fended at it, made a bloody W ar upon
the Mexicans, fo that the old King dy’d,
for G rie f to fee his Grandfon going to
Ruin ; who was treacheroufly Murder’d
in his own Palace.
For their next King the Mexicans rtyottl
chofe Ttzxoatl, which lignifies Serpent 4thKmgt
o f the Knife, being the Son of their ifc
King by a Slave. He to revenge the
OutragecommitedagainfthisPredecelTori i
fought with the Tepanecas, and deltroy’d
them ; Plundering and Ruining Azxa- |
puzalco, and purfuing the People to the
Mountains till he made them Subjeft to |
him. Then according to Cuflom, hedi-
vided the Booty and Lands o f thofe *»
Conquer’d among his People. Nor did
the courfe o f his Vitfories Hop here, but
having firlt fubdu'd the Inhabitants o f
Tacuba and Cuyoacan, who liv’d under
lo rd s o f their o w n , he alfo over-
threw and deftroy’d the Suchimilcas, firlt
Inhabitants o f the Lake, as was faid be-
fore ; obliging them to make a Caufway
on the Lakiv, to join Communication
with their Otty, which was four Leagues
from Mexico. Next he bent his force
againlt the City Cuitlavaca, the King
whereof voluntarily fubmitting, own’d
him for his Sovereign*, and thus M ex -
ico gain’d the Sovereignty over all the
Towns and People about it.
Ttzcoatl, having Reign’d thus Profpe- Mohtt^u-
roufly twelve Years, dy’d ; and the G e- m 5th
neral under whofe Conduct thefe Con- King-
quells bad been made, whofe Name was
Tlacaellel,and who was his Nephew, took
care to alienable the Ele&ors, which were
the Kings o f Tefcuco, and Tacuba, and 4
others, to appoint a new King. Mob-
tezjtma the General’s Nephew w aseled- .
ed. He firlt initituted the barbarous Cu-
Horn, that no King Ihould be Crown’d,
till he had Sacrific’d fome Captives ta-
ken by himfelf in W a r ; and therefore
a Quarrel being pick’d with the Pro-
vince of Chaleo for this very purpofe,
he in Perfon took feveral Prifoners,
and then Sacrific’d them at Mexico up-
on his Coronation day. T his Sacrifice
was perform’d by ripping open the
Brealt o f the Captive with a Knife made
o f Flint, and taking out the Heart im-
mediately, which was thrown into the
Face o f the Idol, whillt it was yet
leaping. T o this he added the draw-
ing of fome Blood out ol his Ears, and
other parts, before the Firepan, they
call’d Divine, which ferv’d in their abo^
minable Sacrifices. Then lie bellow’d
great
\
 ......... “ '...............”” ......... .......................... ............................
f(« '
W > S S ^ P P f ''.
41
\ ( , ... , . , *•..„...M
_____ 0/ N EW~Y¥a Tk
fW I great Largefs among the People, and re-
Gametli. cei'ved the Tribute o f the Provinces.
16^98. Having fubdu’d CWco, he undertook
O 'V S J to extend his Empire,by the advice o f his
U n d e; who was always o f Opinion,
not to conquer the neighbouring Pro-
vince o f TU fcaU ; that it might ferve
to fharpen the Courage o f their Youth
in War, and to fumifh Prifoners to Sa-
crifice to the Idol. This King ereded
a ftately Palace for hirnfelf, and afump-
tuous Temple for his God, and erefted
federal Courts. He dy’d when he had
Reign’d 28 Years.
fico-cheu The four Ele&ors meeting with the
6th King. Kings of Ttfcuci^ and Tacuba, chofe
Tetclacllel, who would not accept of the
Crown, faying it was better for the Pub-
lick, that another fiiould Reign, and he
a/fift him with his Service, and advice,
T h is Generofity, which Ibow’d the Bar-
barian was much Superior to Cefar, who
thro’ Ambition, depriv’d his Country
o f its Liberty, mov’d the Ele&ors to
leave it to him to make whom he pleas'd
K in g , and he nam’d Tico-chu, Son to
tthe King deceas’d. Tico-ctyt appearing
to Ibe no Souldier, the AWeicani Poy-
Axawuc, him, railing his Brother Axayacdc
7th King- to the Throne, by the Advice of JU ca-
eltel, who dying with A ge, recommend-
ed his Son to the new King, w hoiagra-
titude, made him his General.
Before his Coronation , Arayaeac
inarch’d agaiaft the Province o f Tagmn-
petec; and in a fliort time Plunder’d and
fubdu’d it. In his return coming to a
Battle w ith the Lord oiTlatelako (where
at prefent is the Chureh o f St. James)
he flew him, and levell’d his City with
/ the Ground. This King dy’d when he
had reign’d eleven Years.
Ahuit^mi, After him A hititwl the 8th King af-
8th King, cended the Throne, but before his Co-
ronadon, he went according to Cuflotn,
topunifh the Qiiaxutatlansy who had ta-
ken the Tribute, as it was coming to
Mexico on the Road. He extended the
Borders o f his Kingdom, as far as Gua-
timaU, and encompafs’d Mexico with
Water, by bringing to it an Arm of the
River that ran by Cayoacan. This Man
at the Dedication o f the Temple, to the
Idol Hmztlipechjli (which was in the
year 14S6) Sacrificed in the fpaee o f 4
days following 64080 Men ; fix Mil-
lions of People reforting to the Fefti-
- val, as the Mexican Hiftories tell us.
This Indian Nero dy’d in the eleventh
Year of his Reign.
After him was cholen Montcvtma,
whom the Spaniards found there, when
V 61. IV.
’ '
.............. - r ~ • * ...................
• <SL
KJ ;
_., -,. *... . .“ .. , , s ., .j
5iJ
they came to Mexican his Name in their Mom^.
Language iignifying a W ife Lord § be- »* jaft
caufe he before his exaltation o the Kin&
Throne, was Grave, and Majeltitk, a
Man o f few Words, and difereet, which
made him much honour’d, and fear’d,
Befides he had refus’d the Crown, re-
tiring into the Temple o f the idol,
where he had a Solitary apartment; fo
that the Eledlors were fain to go tlii-
ther to perfuade, and bring him tq the
Empire, with extraordinary Modefty.
When once a King , he chang’d Ins
Humility and Meeknefs into fuch Pride 4
that he order’d all Places and Employ-
meats about the Court, (houid be ta-
ken from Commoners, and Nobles to
come in their ftead. Before his Coro-
nation, with the afliftance of the Nobi-
lity, lie march’d to, reduce a Northern
Province, chat had revoked, and brought
home a rich Booty, and many Prifoners
for Sacrifice. At his return he was re-
ceiv’d with great Joy by his Subje&s,
and Crowned in great State, with abun-
dance o f Tributes from the conquer’d
Countries.
If the Royal Standard hapned to be
loft, thofe People us’d co retire, with-
out Profecuting the Battle •, as it hap-
ned at Otumbay where CVrw.and his
Spaniards purfu’d the flying Mexicans j
the fame they did, if the King were
kill’d, to Celebrate his tfuneral, ceafing
from all Labour. Moneezjtma made his
Subjeffs adore, rather than refpect him ;
he was always carry’d on the Shoulders
o f great M en; never wore one Garment
twice, or cat or drank out o f the lame
VeJTel. He kept in his Palace all forts
o f Birds, and Beafts, ami Sca-Fifh in
his Salt Filh-ponds, and River-Filh in
frefli Water. If any kind could not be
had, he kept them in Gold, and for
Grandeur. He was very precife in ex-
a&ing punftual Duty from his Subjects*
and therefore fometimes went abroad in
dilgui/.e, to fee whether his Orders were
obey’d. Laftly he feldom appear'd in
Publick, to avoid creating Familiarity.
The downfal o f the Empire now
drawing near ; feveral figns appearing,
as Blazing Stars and Piramidal Fire in
the Sky, Monfters on the Farth, and
Prodigies in the Lake 7 Mmezstma, tho’
at firft he had treated the Aftrologers
hardly, (who foretold fome great Ca'la-
micy; and the Magicians who related
dreadful Vilions) being at laft brought
to Repentance, retir’d to a fbfitary
Houfe, expecting hi; Ruin, to be wrought
by the Children o f che Sun, coming
T t t fr0S
,T ’ • . !
5* / f 7
111 - % L

__________________ _ _ _ _ ________________ ________j__________^

f-\^ A Voyage round the W O Iv L O- Book I.

rv-Aw ^ from the Eaft, according to antient pre-
iCerhelh. dictions. In the i 4th year o f his Reign,
16 0 8 . the Spaniards came from the Northern
Sea in feveral Ships, fubdu’d Mexico,
took Montezuma Prifoner, and after-
wards the Into of Peru and Cufco, which
laft was Lord o f a Country a thoufand
Leagues in length from the Kingdom o f
Chile beyond that o f Quito and the
firft from the North, to the South Sea j
and look’d upon, more like Gods than
Men. Among other enormities the In-
„ „ Was Guilty of, he would M any his
own Sifters, whofe Son afterwards in-
herited the CK own, as Born o f the Co-
ya, or firft Heirefs 3 but if the King de-
ceas’d left ever a Brother, he was pre-
ferr’d before his Nephew. W hilft Mon-
tezjima was ftill alive, the Mexicans chofe
Quauh-timoc for their King, who dy’d a
a Prifoner to Cortes.
It is to be obferv d that the Succeflkm
o f the Crown o f Mexico, went to cite
collateral line, not the immediate lflue ,
Age taking the preference ^ the 2d, 3d,,
4th, and fo to the laft Brother, being
chofe after the firft ; and for want o f
them, they began with the EldeftSon o f
the eldeft Brother, and fo to the 2d, 3 d ,
and fo-forth. A t firft the choice be-
long’d to all the People ; but afterwards
by the advice o f Tlacatllcl,in the Reign eft
Ituoatl the 4th K in g, it was committed
to only four Eleftors o f the Blood R o y -
al, and the two Kings o f Tefcuco and 1’
lacuba 3 the firft o f which perform d
the Ceremony o f the Coronation. A s
long as the Kings o f Mexico were Poor,;,
they were moderate in their expence,
and attendance, but as they grew PowL
erful, they became Haughty, T yran n y
cal, and Stately.

C H A F. IV.
Of the tomurifon fome Writers make between the Mexican Monarchj, and the
Vifton in the 13 th, chap, of St. John.
have dilated a little upon the Origin , .
I o f the feven Generations, and the T he feven Generations, or Nations in-
Genealogy o f the ten Kings o f Mexico \
that the Ingenious and Difcreet Reader,
habiting it, are, the feven Heads,

may in this Chapter conceive how fome 1 . Suchimilcas. 5. Tlatelulcans.

P e r fons c a m e to take this Monarchy, for 2. Chaleos. 6. Tlajcallans.
t h e Beaft deferib’d by St. John, in the 3 * Tecpanecas. 7. Mexicans.
1 3th Chapter o f his Revelation; with no 4 - Tefcucans.
lefs reafon than others did the Roman
Monarchy for they confidering the Ten Kings.
Lake o f Mexico, fay the Lake o f Chaleo, T en Horns.
I, Makes the Head, and Neck, 2. a
Rock, the Eye -, 3. another Rock, the 1. Acamapichtle, 56 6. Ttzochtc, 37
Ear, 4. the Caufway, the Collar, 5. the 2. Huizlauhtli, 9 6 7- Axayacac, 27
Lake on which Mexico is built, the Sto- 3 - Chiamalpopoca,66 8. Ahnitzotl,
mach, 6, the Feet they fay are the four 4. Ttzcoatl, 6 2 9. Montezuma, 84
Rivers, 7. the Body, the great Lake o f 5. Moahtcz-uma, 84 10 . Quauhttmez,Tj
Mexico, 8. the W ings, the two Rivers ------“ -
o f Ttfcuco and Papalotla, 9. the T a il, 3^4 302
the Lake o f St. Chriflopher, and Xalto- ” ——
can, 10. the Horns, the two Rivers o f
Tlamanalco, Tepeapalco. And then the Which together make 666, the number
other Lakes lying confufely, they fay ° f ^ Beaft.
they were made by the Slaver of the ,
Bcafb. For the better undemanding hereor,
it is to be obferv’d, that the Mexican
See Cut, Page 5 14 Language ufes but 15 Letters (not be­
ing able to Pronounce the reft) to which
N ow follows the Refemblance be- applying the Numbers, from one to fif-
tween the M sm cm Monarchy and its teen, and thele to the Names of the
— Religion, and the fame Beaft. Kings, calling up every one apart,
and then adding all the Sums together,
they make the Juft number o f 666. T o
make this the plainer, I firft fet down
the

t - '
tM
Lw. ...i .&&&*£&£LI, . . •*«- ■tk
/f>—n\\
® %L

Chap. V. OfN EJ f sf~ jxf

r > J ^the fifteen Letters, and the Numbers an- A— x E— 3 I—- 5
. fwering to them under-, then the Names
G e m tlli. T ---- 12 Z — 15 C— 2
1698. of the Kings, with each Figure to each L— 6 V — 13
O O N Letter; then call up the particulars, and M---- 7
the Total of all thofe Sums, is 6 6 6 . A ----- 1
This will appear by the Calculation of ------------ ----------- --------------
every King’s Name, according to the 61 84 37
In d ia n Hiftories, quoted by A r r ig o M a r - ----------- ----------------------- -----
tin ez.,at the end of his Regifter of Times, ___________________ _____________
Printed at M e x ic o in the beginning of
the laft Age. 7- 8. 9 I O-
A .C .E .H .I.L .M .N .O .P .Q :T .U .X .Z . A — "1" A— 1 M— 7 Q .— 11
I.- 2. 3. 4.5. 6 . 7- 8. 9- 10. II. 12. 13. X---- 14 H---- 4 o ---- 9 V *3
14. 15. A ---- 1 V — 13 V---- ’13 A 1
• I— s 1— - s H— 4 V — 13
The Analyfis,or Solution of the Names a— 1 T— u T — 12 H— 4
« of the ten Kings in Numbers. C— 2 Z— 15 E— 3 T — 12
A— 1 O— 9 Z— 15 I— 5
1. 2. 3- C----2 T ---- 12 V— 13 M---- 7

A— 1 H— 4 C— 2 A— 1 C---- 2

A ----1 1------S jj^---- $ 27 77 84 77

A— 1 T ---- 12 A ----1
p___10 L -— 6 L— 6 I am oblig’d further to let the Rea-
j A ----1 P— 10 der underftand, that the Plan, or Map
q __ 2, V — 13 O— 9 before inferted, is not mine, but we are
H__ 4 H— 4 P----- 10 indebted for it, to the experienced A -
* » X .12 T ---- 12 O-— 9 d r ia n Boot, a Fren ch Ingenier, fent into
] _. 6 L ---- 6 C----2 N e w S pa in in the Year 1629 by P h ilip
I__5 I----- s A --- 1 the 4th of Happy Memory, to find a
______„ _______ ——---- Pallage out for the Waters of the Lake
96 66 of M e x ic o . He made that draught up-
•______ ____________ _ ________ on an exaft Purvey ; but being in Pome
____________________ MeaPure defaced by time, it was with
~ ~ great Labour reftor’d to its being, by
. 5. 6. Dr. C hrifioph er d e G ita d a la jo ra , of the
_______ . ________ City of the Angels, an able Mathcnia-
j ___ - M__ 7 T ---- 12 tician, who made me a Prefent, of an
T ___i Z o — • 9 I---- 5 exaft Copy of it, when I pafs’d thfo’
2 __ u V__ 13 C---- 2 that City, that I might caufe it to be
c ___ 2 H___ _ 4 O---- 9 Printed, for the Satisfadion of ctiridus
^ q 9 T 1 *'i2 C 2 Perfons.

CHAP. V.
O f th e Mexican M o n t h s , T e a r s , a n d A g e , a n d o f t h e i r H i e r o g ly p h ic k s .

M T 7 0 R want of Letters, the Ingenious of Writing was from the bottom of the
S r M e x ic a n s us’d Symbols, or Hierog- Board, or Paper upwards, diredly con-
lvnhicks, to exprefs Corporeal things, trary to the C hinefes. They had cer-
which have a fhape ; and for other tain rounds, or Circles painted, which
things, other proper Charaders, andfo, contain’d thefpaceofan Age, divided
• for the Benefit ot Pofterity, they noted into Years with the proper Symbols; to
down all that hapned. As for inftance Pet down there, the time, when remark-
to denote the coming of the S p a n ia rd s , able things hapned, with the proper
thev painted a Man with his Hair and Figures and Charaders. This Age con-
Cloaths red, in the fign of a Cane, filled of 52 Polar Years, of B^y dayseach.
which betoken’d that Year. Their way The Wheel, Circle or round, was dw
Vol. IV. Ttt* vid-

, 4t *

* f

/ 5m
 —s \ \
K t f,
516 ^ f'^ g e round the W O R L D .
< \A ^ vided into four Parts, each containing
(SemelH, 13 Years, and anfwer’d to one oj the 4
J<fo8. parts o f the W orld, after the follow -
V^VN J j„ g manner.
\ S n a k e turn’d it felf round into a
Circle, and iu the Body of tbe Serpent,
there were four Divifions. The firft
denoted the South, in that language,
call’d Vutz.tlampa, whofe Hiero&ly phick,
was a Rabbet in a blew Field, which
they call’d TochtU. Low er was the part
that figuify’d the Eaft, call’d Tlaapa, or
1 'UkiilcoMi denoted by a Cane iu a red
Field, call’d AcatL T h e Hieroglyphick
o f the North,- or Micolampa, was a
Sword pointed with Flint, call’d T eq a tl,
; , in a yellow Field. T hat o f the. W eft,
or Sihimlampa, was a Houfe in a green
Field, and call’d Q*gl&
Thefe four Divifions. were the be-
ginning o f the four Term s that made
up the Age. Between every two, on
th e in fid e o f die Snake, there were 1 2
finall divifions, among which the four
firft Names or Figures, were fucceftive-
ly diftributed, giving every one its num-
her to thirteen,' which was the number
o f Years that compos’d an Indidion j,
the like was done in the 2d Indifition,
with the fame Names from one to 13,
and fo in the 3d, and 4th, till they fi-
mill’d the Circle o f 52 Years, as fol-
lows.
© firft they anfwer that when the Gods
o o
0 0 0
0 0 0 0 and 7 *eotihttacan, by means o f the Fire,
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 reft o f the Gods fet themfelves to ob-
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 o 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
o o p o o o o o o o o o
o o o o o o o o o q o q q
T his way o f reckning by 13, was not
only obferv’d in their Years, bpfcia their
Months v for tho’ their Month was o f
20 days, yet when they came to the
mimber 13 , they began again. T o e n -
dcavour to find out tbe reafon why
they did fo, is aiming at an impoffiblity,
but perhaps they might in this particu-
lar follow their Calculation o f the
Moon. T h ey divided the Lunar motion
into two times, the firft o f watching,
from the Heliacal, or lblar riling, till
the oppofition, which was o f thirteen
days:, and the other o f Sleep, o f the
p | lp M| |
'W B
book L
fame number o f days, till the Morning
Petting.
T h is extravagant computation o f the A ftrange
M oon, was grounded upon a Fable, Fable,
which is, T hat the Gpds having refolv’d
to deftroy the darkuffs that cover’d the
W crkfo two o f them undertook this
W ork, which were Tecmificcatl, and
^NanahuaixJn. Thefe alter making great
preparations at Teouhuacan, a place now
call’d T xaitgh, having calf themfelves
into the Fire o f a burning Rock, call’d
Tutcxcagli, and being converted intq
Afoes;, within a fhort while after ap-
pear’d in the Fall, Naytahuatzin become
the Sun, and T e c m flfk r l the Moon. A t
firft they had no motion, but afterward*
the W ind by Order o f the Gods, began
to move them ; but after a difter-
ent manner, for at the end o f 13 days,
the Sun being come to the W eft, the
Moon began to appear in the Eaft. T his
being fo unlikely, they might perhaps
fay fo, to give every one o f their great-
er God?, which were thirteen, th eG o -
vernment and Dominion o f their Years,
and Days •, but the Mexicans themfelves
are ignorant o f both,
From what has been Paid above there
arife federal doubts; the firft is, why
they begin to reckon their Years from
the South j the fa o n d , why they made
ufe o f the four Figures, o f a Rabbet,
a Cane, a Flint, and a Houfe. T o the
had refolv’d at Teotilmacan,to takeaway
the great Darknefs, and Nanahmtzjn
were converted into Sun and Moon, the
ferv.e, from what quarter o f Heaven,
the Light would firft appear, wherein
they were o f fundry Opinions, fomeaf-
firming- it would come from the North,
others from the South, others from the
Eaft, and Others from the W eft (as if
the Names o f Eaft, and W eft, &c. had
been invented before the Sun had en-
lightlied the Earth) but that at length it
was feen to come out o f the South.
Moreover the antient M e x ic a n s believ-
ing the W orld would end with their
Age, among other Ceremonies, on the
fall day o f ir, they knelt on the tops o f
their Houfcs, with their Fates to the
Eaft, doubtfully expecting to fee whe-,
ther the Sun would continue his Coiirfe, ’
and whether the end o f the W orld was
com et and fince in this Pofture, they
muft o f neceffity have the South on their
right Hand, they thence argu’d that the
Light began from the South. T o this
may
. ■ sr -
.
 “Chap. V^ ~ 0 p ? n r w ~ s P A l N.
may be added that the Mexicans firm ly
Cemelli. believ’d Hell to be in the North, and
1698. therefore it was not proper that the Sun
ihould have commenced his Courfe from
thence, but from the oppofite part,
where the Gods Vivitz.naoa dwelt, in re-
lpe£f to whom they call’d the South Vi-
vitzJampd.
They alfo faid it was a Benefit of thofe
fame Gods, that the A ge was renew'd,
* becaufe Tim e naturally would end with
the old Sun } and that the Sun o f the
new Age, was a new Sun, that was to
follow the courfe o f Nature, which e-
very Year made the T rees green, after
January (as is obferv’d in that Climate)
when the Sun was come away from the
South, which is the Habitation o f the
Gods. Having found this Analogy be-
tween the Age, and the Year they would
carry the Similitude, or Proportion on
further, and as in the Year, there are
. four Seafons, fo they would adapt the
like to the Age } and accordingly they
appointed Tocbtli for its beginning in the
South, as it were the Spring and Youth
o f the Sun’s A g e ; A c atl for Summer,
Tecpatl for Autumn, and Cagli for his
Old Age, or Winter.
Thefe Figures fo difpos’d, were alfo
s> the Hieroglyphicks o f the four Elements,
which is the fecond doubt} for Tocbtli
was dedicated to Tevacayohua God o f the
Earth, Acatl to Tlalocatetuhtli God o f the
W ater, 'Tecpatl to Chetzathcoatl God of
the A ir, and Cagli to Xiuhtecuhil God o f
the Fire. Perhaps they meant to ex-
prefs the Nature o f the four Cardinal
Winds, which were the only ones they
knew, and this in Honour o fGhctzjzhco-
’ atl God o f the Winds, who, aswasfaid
before,gave the firft motion to the Sun
and Moon. Whatsoever the rcafon o f
it was, ’tis certain that Neptune, whom
they call’d Teucipdlli was the Inventor
o f thefe Hieroglyphicks and Method o f
difpofing them, to the end that every
Man, without any other Study, might
know the number of Years that made
an Age } the diftinaion o f the India-
ions, in what Year any thing remarka-
ble had hapned} the Succeffion o f their
Kings, and other things o f Note.
Mexican T heir Solar year con filled of 365 days,
Years. according to the form of the Egyptian
Priefls, which had its Original from No-
i> ah, after the Flood, as Berofus tells us
fif it be true, that the Books which now
go under his Name, were writ by that
undent Caldean) who writes thus. He
alfo taught them (that is, the Priefts) the
courfe oj the Stars, and ordain'd the Tear
‘ V ,V . - V ■ ‘ . •. . .
V J
< j
A \ \¥'
5~ rr
according to the coitrfc oj the Sun., (for
which rcafon he was thought to partake
o f the Divine Nature.) For which things
(fays the fameAuthor>/*> thought him to
partake of the Divine Nature, and there, ere
Call’d him Olibama, and Ai la, that is,Hea-
von and the San. However otheis dii.ei
in Opinion, concerning the great diver-
fitv o f Years among the Egyptians, us
certain other Nations had the fame Year
o f 36^5 days,but tliey leai Mt it of rheyEry-p-
tians who prefervd the Knowledge deli-
ver’d by AW/;, by means of his Son Cham,
or Ham. Now the Mexicans mult of ne-
ceflity follow the fame Doftrinc, being
Originally defeended from Neptune, who
cannot be thought to have given them a-
ny ocher Inftrudtions, but what he learnt
of his Father Mefraim, v ho had t lem
from Cham,or Ham,and dom hisGiaud-
father Noah, among the firft Inhabitants
o f *a£gypt. .
As tor the Months, tno fome or the „
Offspring o f Noah reckoned them after Montfu
feveral manners, fome allowing 2B days,
fome 29, others 30, and 3 1 , and not
always afeer the fame manner } yet the
Mexicans ftill following the lame fegyfr
tians, made their Month regular, not of
30, but of 20 days} but this turn d to
the fame account, putting 18 Mexican
Months of 20 days each, to 12 Agyp~
tian Months o f 30 Days. 1 he names
o f th e. Months are as follows. 1. I U-
caxipe hua lizjlt, 2. 7 oz.oz.th, 3 - " “f A 9’
xfiitii, 4- Toxcatl, 5. Etzalcaaliztli.6.
Ticuyil hmtl, 7. Hueytecud haul, 0. M i-
cayl huitl, 9. Hueymicayl h u itl,10. Och-
paniuli, 1 1 . Pachth, 12. Hueypachth,
i$.CheciogU,\\.Pancbetz.aliz.th, 1$ . Ate-
mozjli, 1 6. Tititl, 17 . ItccagU, 10. Atla-
coalo, as may be feen by their Characters
upon the inner circle o f the Figure,
Every one of the 20 days had its pro- -yiieir days
per Name, which were, Cipaltli, Cecatl,
Caglicuetx.paglin,Coatl, Michtzjli, Makati,
Tocbtli, A n , Ituuintli, Owmatli, Malma-
gli, Acatl, Ocelotl, Quauhtli, Cozxpuauht-
/;, Oglin,Techpatl, Qmahmtl, and Aocitl.
Thefe Months were not divided1 in o
W eeks, becaufe thefe began among the
Hebrews in the time of Mojes, in Me-
mory o f the Days o f the Creation, long
after the inltictiuon o f the Mexican C11-
cle, or as others wnl have it, was 1-
vented foon after by the Babilomans,
diftinguiih the days by die 7 Planets,
and the Dominion they alfign d theni 0-
ver the unequal hours, whereof they
were the firft obfervers. 1 find the Days
were alfo counted by the Mexicans by
thirteen , tho there were 20 in a Month.
a :: ^ ‘ " 1
5 !< \ 4 - , > I - _ \i
Udtl. t%
r. .,,‘rrB" ' - — --
"r— 1
fffl
\ ^ = ^ / ■ .
518 ^fVoyage roundthe WORLD,
(X A X > This was done to avoid cbnfuffon •, for
Game Hi. giving the Name of any Day, accord-
169S. ing to this Method, with the number
V /Y N J attfcverable to it in this Order o f thirteen
and thirteen, they knew what Month it
' belong’d to, without ever miftaking. Be-
fides this divifion by thirteen, there was
another of, five and five days, on which
they made Tiangmz, as is ftill practis'd
in feveral places, and this was on the
3, 8, 13 , and 1 8th o f every Month,
being days Dedicated to the four Figures
Tochtli, Acatl, Tecpatl, and Cagli, and
this Rule was always the fame, tho’ the
Years did not begin with Tochtli.
Sec Cut Pag. 5 18 .
This further makes out the great re-
femblance with the Mgyptikti computa-
tion, for as thefe, to" twelve Months
(which they call’d Thotli, Phaophi, Athyr,
Ceac, Tybi, Mecir, Phameneth, Pbarmu-
thi, Phacott, Paymi, Epephi, and Mefori)
which made 3^0 days, added 5 days
more, which they call’d Epagomeni, to
compleat the Circle o f the Sun •, fo the
Mexicans, their 18 Months in like man-
ner, making 360 days, added five days
at the end o f every Year, and call’d them
Nonontemi, that is, wandring, to make
up the fame number o f 365. Some
think that thefe 5 Days being out o f the
number o f the Months, had no parti-
cularN am e, and that therefore the firft
o f every Month was CipalUi. But they are
rauch deceiv’d, for they had not only
Nam es, but were brought into their
thirteens. For the better underftand-
ing hereof, let us imagine an A ge, the
firft Year whereof is Tochtli, to which
CipallU anfwers, as firft day o f the firft
Month-, if the 360 days, which make
the 18 Months o f this Year, be count-
ed round fiicceffively by thirteen, and
thirteen, it will appear that the laft day
o f the 1 8th Month, will be 9 Xoxitl.
But if the 5 days call’d Nenontemi had
no Name, the following Year mult have
begun from 2 Mazatl, with 10 CipaSlli.
Thus the reckoning o f the thirteens
would have been interrupted, with CY-
pattU, had not they been reckned in.
T h e Mexicans to this Day fnfficiently
folve this difficulty j faying, that the
days CipaSlli, Michiztli, Ozomatly, and
Cozxaejuanhtli, are companions to, that
is, in all refpeds follow the Order o f the
four Figures that denote the Years o f an
A gc, viz. Tochtli, Acatl, Tecpatl, and
Cagli-, to fignify that every Year whole
Symbol is Tochtli, will have CipaSlli fo r
S.
Cn
3 p- V
v-
■N ■
1
■ 1 I
BookI.
the firft day o f the Month •, that whofe
Symbol or diftinftive Mark, is Acati,
will have Michiztli for the firft o f the
Month Tecpatl, w ill ImeOzomatl, and
Cagli will have Cozcaquabtli. Yet this is
to be farther obferv’d, that the nutneri-
cal Value according to the thirteens, re-
gularly counted from the beginning o f
the A ge ("including the 5 Nenontemi
days) will anfwer to that, which be-
longs to the firft Day o f the Year, ac~
cording to the fucceflibn from Tochtli
fo rw ard s, as plainly appears by the
Draught above mention’d. The whole
w ill be better underftood after this
manner. This firft Year o f the afore-
mention’d. Age, the Months ended with
9 Xocitl, and the Names
anfweringto the 5 Nenontemi days, were
10 CipallU. 1 1 Cecatl, 12. Cagli, 13
Cuetzpaglin, and 1 Coatl, widen made
up the Year o f 365 days. Thus wich-
out breaking the Order o f Names, the
next Year began Michiztli, which is the
D ay immediately following Coatl, and
continuing on with the thirteens, lince
the laft o f the 5 Nenontemi Days, was
the firft call’d Coatl, this alfo will be the
Character o f the firft day o f the fecond
Year, viz. that will be Ome, and this
Ome Michiztli. T h is is not accidental,
but very regular in all the Years o f an
A ge (as may be eafily demonftratecl)
and fo this 2d Year begining at 2 M i-
chiftli, will end its Months at 10 Coatl,
and 365 days at 2 Jtzcmtli, fo the fol-
lowing 3d Year Tecpatl, will begin at 3
Ozomatli, and the next being the 4th
Cagli, at 4 Cozjcaquauhtli, and fb on in
the reft, till the thirteen is out. By this
it appears, that the 4 days Gpattli, & c.
did not only anfwer to the 4 Symbols o f
the Years Tochtli, & c. but that they had
alfo the fame numerical Denomination,
deriv’d from the thirteens.
T h ey therefore who know how much
almoft all theEafternNations err’d in this
particular, may be Judges how much the
W it o f the Mexicans deferv’d to be corn-
mended, and look’d upon, for invent-
ing fo Artificial and regular a Circle,
But this Honour is not due to the M ex -
kans o f thefe times, who are neither A -
ftrologers,nor Arithmeticians,and there-
fore by their Ignorance would convict
me o f Falfehood \ but to thofe Heathens
as we fhow’d above, and to their moft
antient Matter Neptune, as is learnedly
obferv’d by D. Carlos de Sigilenzay Gon-
gora, Profeflor o f Mathematicks in the
llniverfity o f Mexico, in his Cyclographia,
where he brings T exts o f Scripture,
tra-
i P > .
» J*»
Ia V
%
 "Hfm

-- H N

I pye& t
 ' __
‘ '.
• . ~Cliap~ VL Of N B w
6 ,* J ' inoft f
«,tSIai“S^d £ SS*&M Stt
. J k-/^Dr John dc A h * ,
S % t r J Z and O f t JOA
t’huacan-, who inherited them from his
Forefathers.Ki ngs o f Tefcuco, from whom
he was fineally defeended by the M ales;
and^theywere left in the Hands o f D .
S . I Executor. It is moft certain
£ tike^ is not to°be found in all N no
W becaufe the Spaniard* at their firft
coming burnt all they found * for feeing
^ without Letters, and with fuch
variety o f F gurcs they look’d upon
rica firft Bifhop of Mexico, made an u i
o f deftroving vvhat remain’d,and broke a-
?* A ,n rl J old Idols • fo that the F i-
S e o f tte Y « ’r, and other
% o f the * * z £ * g z ”; s
do to y a n d " 'o f r e e fy ,o f thS aforcfiid
r , C trios dc Si tstew-a, who prefentedme
D: 7 ’ Rarities
^ • iYear
g after
i a thiss manner.
a s iTKh e firft Year
I f S V T e c began on the tolh o f April,
ft did theI d and 3d, but the fourth
“ r t a p v f , 0 0 t o f b , the 8th ou
CH AP.
Of the horrid Sacrifices, the Indians offer'd to their idols, and of their befinals*
J and Habit.
n n H E Mexicans kept as it were a Ju -
Sacrifice
to Tefcat-
T i3ifee every fourth Year, on the
t M oa which was the Fefti-
i ^ t o l T e J S S c - . T hey fall-
j - (]aVS before it, and the Priefts ab-
» W iv e , and went a-
I nt heating tbetnfelves in a Penitential
ii i ;r a 'f other People were clad after
S fL e fa n £ , S Proteflion
g S h i j ^ f e i d before8, and calling
S S m A « S w « the Idol's Face6
+. Thefo Captives to make them the more
T h - Feftival thev kept in Honour o f
To Quetta , ^ Quetzal a letatl, w asyetm ore
* km l- f i S S t e ^ O r t y days before it, they
bouuht a found Slave without any file-
h - m the M * G a ,
the Solemnity, two oid Men
f _
<SL
Y V A l N. 3 *9 -
the A g ";
which was on the 28th o f March, when
the t 3 days o f the Leap Years,, till the
loth of Apr,l, were fpent in rejoycing,
Before the new A ge began, they broke
them Veffcls, and put out the F ir e ; fup-
pofing.that <mce the W orld was to
end with an Age, perhaps that migh be
* When the firft day appear’d they
folemmz’d it with Drums and other In­
ftrumencs they us d * giving thanks to
God, for having granted them another
A ge , they bought new Ve fids and re-
& 4 'i 7 sT -°m ; 8
ThePeonle o f Peru reckned by Moon' Year fa
T he People o x po h reutnea ny moon.,
and 12 Months with as many days as we
do, and b o t e hegan their Year at > -
“ to t™ : ft “ I?
T heyplated about the C ity C « « a , which
w asth eC o u rto l die/»^»» Kings, n i illars,
at fuch diftances, and m fuch Order, that
out the Suns riling , and fetung , and
thus they regulated their Feftivals, and
the Seafons tor Sowing and Reaping, e-
very Pillar having its proper Name.
VI.
came from the T emple, to tell him he
was to dye, and filin g him concern d ,
they went and walh d the Kuives of the
Sacrifice, and the Blood they took off
them, they gave the W retch to drink,
m itt with C * » i h M * •« » » £ >
cauie him not to fear Death. 1 lie L e
ftival day being come, they ripped o-
pen hit B r a i l , at Midnight, and tnktng
to the Houfe o f the chiefeft among them,
the next day made a plentiful Feaft.
There was another fort o f Sacri Other m-
his Skiu, led him about the C ty, beg
ging for the 1 ample, and ftrikm gtho e
who gave nothing, over the Face wim
Come o f the Skin, as long as it was found.
» slS
before the Feittval, leading them ,n the
'
jw
A ,. ^ , ^ , . . 2 , . . , ^ ..........
P f l ' • " (S t

5 2G>____ A Voyage round the W O R L D . Book 1

£ £ d ? £ y City, that they might ced at the top in a Tabernacle, near
1<5oo ‘ ad° [ d Ilke the IdoIs> and keeping winch was a place ap art, to lav the
th1cm . j h,lJt «P at Night, feeding them Heads o f the Viftims. Clofe by the
S ' fd i them,
critic 17* Aand
tl hCfubftitutcd
r n a arS e3 dothers
t 5e* ^in Priefts.
Tem ple> there were apartments for the
their Places Some Years they butcher’d T hey had an Idol o f Rain, call’d TU-
to the number o f 20000 •, for the Bar- /oc, that is, fertilizer o f the Earth. His
barous Priefts would go tell the King, Figure was o f the common Stature o f a
that the Idols had nothing to eat, and Man, with a Frightful face; and thev
were ftarving with Hunger * and for this often anointed him with a Liquor, call’d
rcdfoa they made W ar to get Prifoners Oholi, which diftils from certain Trees,
to Sacrifice, fo u r Priefts held the V ift- All his Ornaments were Hieroglyphicks
ime by the Hands and Feet, an other o f Rain, and Plenty : for in h i^ rig h t
rip p d open the Breaft, and took out Hand, he held a Plate o f beaten Gold
the H eart, and another held up the fignifying the Lightning 1 in his left
Neck, having fit ft lay’d him with his a round Border o f blew Feathers gar-
back on a fharp Stone. mfh’d with I know not what f i r f S t S S
1 , In Peru £hey alfo Sacrificed Children like a Net. His Garment was a lfo o !
He^rh’ C° ^ °rYe,Tvi°! AgCf f° r Zi c. Ini as bIew Feathers, with fuch a Trimming
H ealth, and fo did Sons for their Pa- at the Edges, and another made o f Hares “
rents when defperately Sick, offering and Rabbets W o o l, like white half
them to the Sun, or riracova j ftifling, Moons. On his Head was a great tuft
Noted I- 0 r T ? m gtthfe,r T h ^ a^ . ^ o f white and green Feathers! S i n g
dob. rn m.011 famous Idol13n Mexlco,next the green Fruit, and Leaves 5 about h«
% f n tlpUr Z t X WCVu Tf cat. v c?> and Neck a Collar o f Buck’s Skin, his Legs
Huctlobos, to whom they facrificed every colour’d yellow, with Gold Horfe Bells

o & g 5w £ o n ^ / t h e Forehead, £ £ r ^ y p S o d l^ te T a im t I T wS

S S ? P a 'S . AS S p f “dt i l .” sycb™ f a n m0r' “ a a ‘ y “ ad« " -

built after the manner o f the Pyramids o f
afeending by Stairs, and for the See Cut, Pare <21
moft part o f Clay ; the Idol being pla- t

dar^d\n 1° Peru, befides adoring the Statue o f

Ten. the W when he dy’d, thoufands o f
his favourite Concubines and Servants
r - Mkill’V 0 PetI e in the other
W orfo and vaft Treafures were bu-
jy d with him, that he might make ufe
o f them upon occafion. T h e other In-
drnts'befides all this, placed Meat near
the Tombs, believing the dead would
eat. Befides, havifig perform’d the Ob-
fequies with- abundance o f Ceremon ies,
they cloath d the dead Body in its Robes
? ' nicnt, that denoted its D ignity,
and then bury d it in the Court, or ha-
ving burnt it, kept the Alhes in an ho-
noun able place. < On their Shoulders they wear a Cloak now.
Mexim As for “ e manner ofcloathfog i t ,
Souldiers. v' ras " ° *ePs. barbarous. T h e Souldiers
that they might appear the more dread-
tul to their Enemies, ftain d their na-
ked Body ; or elfe cover’d it with a
whole Lions, or Tigers Skin, placing
the head o f the Beaft upon their own.
They hung acrofs them like a Shoulder
Belt a firing of Men's Hearts Nofes
and Ears, with a head at the end ; and in
their hands carry d fuch things as may
beleen 111 the Cut.
See Cut Pare <2t.
T h e Habit o f the King and Princes o f ,
the Blood was not amifs, if compar’d and
with that o f the common f o r t ; but it Habit?
was the lefs commendable for the Pra-
d ice in' ufe among them, o f boreing
their under L ip , for to flick a Gold nail
or fome other Jew el in it as appears by
the Cuts, copy’d from Originals o f great
Antiquity, which are in the Cuftody o f
D . Carlos Siruenza^ before fpoken of.
T h e Habit o f the Indians at prefent, l i ­
is a fliort Doublet, and wide Breeches. Habit
o f feveral Colours, which they call TU-
ma, and which croffing under the right
A rm , is ty ’d upon the left Shoulder, the
tw o ends making a great knot, foftead
o f Shooes, they wear Sandals, like thofe 5
o f the Francifcan Fathers, the reft
being bare footed, and bare legg‘d as
they are. But they will never part with
their Hair, tho’ they were quite naked,
or in Rags. T h e Women all wear the
Guaipil ( which is like a Sack) under
'

• ft • ' ■ '

s u = ■*
 'V * \
®
<SL
mWf t ' A ' - ' - ' W:'' ■ * k; ... >ci'\ % ' ■

Chap. VII. " OfN e w ~ T p ~a i n. - 2, r

the Cobixa, which is a fine white Cotton
GtZ f ‘ C io c ^ to which they add another upon
v ^ y -s-' t 5f U aiV V, iea lM are Abroad, which
when m the Church they place upon their
Head. I heir Q c ^ a r e narrow with Fi~
gures of Lions, Buds, and other Crea-
tures, adorning them with curious Ducks
Feathers, which they caUA'ilmepn.
AH, as well Men as Women are o f a
dark Colour, notvyithftanding their £n -
deavours to defend their Face? againft
e and make them Fair with Herbs
pounded. They ufe alfo to daub their
Heads_ with thin Clay, foch as they ufe
? cbtu Bulk.mgs, thinking it refreflies
the Head, and makes the Hair black and
fo ft; fo that feveral Country Women
are ieen about the City^iu that dirty
Blacfo, Condition. The M ejtn*, Mulatto, and
• S aCk, ™ n n’ l u - £he,,gre,aj eft
N ° m^ r m Mexico, noLbeing allow d to
T p l i f ’ 0r t r • atter Kthe Sr
ntjj) Falhion, and fcorning on the other
fide the Indian Habit, go in an extrava-
gantGarb, wearing a thing like a Petti-
coat, a-crofs their Shoulders, or on their
Head like a Cloak, which makes them
A f DQV h \ , of H.OKOUr ( for thry make nothing o f
A ll the Blacks anti AMatttt are In-
folern, r.o the iughefi: Degree, and take
upon them as much as Spaniards, wbofe
Habit they wear ; fo among themfelves
they take the f icie of Captain, tho
they be not fo ; nor can there he many
rnmn^nv o M » er^ ^ 0nV t f /
Company o f Spaniards, and a few’ of Mi-
htia, in cafe ot Need. T his Rabble o f
Blacks, and Tayvnics is fo encreas d, that
it is fear d they ,nay one Day Rebel, and
make them! elves Matters ° f the C ountry;
S S a e d r S i l 1 B l a C k S be
obftructcd by Farming it.
• Threats that come from Court.
T he hiAu,„< at• n,.Pfpnt ~T-
near fo I n g e n i o u ^ h e y w r n former? l 7 ? J
ly, when they fuccefsfuJJy apply’d them-. Mu
felvcs to the liberal Arts andVecanicks\
but now they are altogether devoted to
idlendfs, and apply themfelves to no-
thing hut Cheating. Yet thofe that an-
ply themfelves to any Trade fhew they
are very capable : Some make fever,!
Figures o f nothing but Feathers 6 f feve-
ral Colours, o f a Bird the Spaniards call
Chupafior, that is, Such-flower • o f which
fort I have one : Others work curiouflv
in W ood; and others contrive to deceive
Ducks, as Shy as they a re ; for when
they hav is'd them to be frequently a-
raong Calabalhes left floating on ^the
Lake, for tbatpurpofe, they make Holes
in thofe a i a b ‘ foes, fo that rutting thdr
Heads « them they can fee out (/them ,
and then going up to the Neck in the
W ater> th£y so among the Ducks" and
draw them down by the Feet
T he Indians are natural!'/ verv F o r .
fo l; but exceffive Cruel, if well Bark’d L Vl*
The Vices the Spaniards generally Charge
them with, ar c, fi.ft the want o f Senfe
robbing one another o f i t ; befides the
Incefts they commit with their Mothers
and Sifters ) being BeaftJy in S t in e
lyfog 0n the bare G r o S and f i g
Without any Concern. They are verv
great Thieves, Cheats, and ta m flo r
but aLovc a11 the M*lanos, among'an
Hundred o f whom it is hard to find an
Honeft fair dealing Man. On the other
fide the poor Indians are worfe than
Slaves, for only they work in the Mines?
and what is worfe, all they get is taken
S r Chem b? the G o v e r/o rfa n d o th S
Officers ; notwithftanding all the daily

C H A P . V II.
The Author gives *» Account of the mofi remarkable Things he fm m
Mexico.
Here being a great Dearth in New not fufler the Crowd to approach per-
T
thp
Spam, by reafon the Harveft had haps to Burn the Palace, as they did in
not anfwer d the foregoing Years, and the Year i5 * 2 , when the Count o f Calve
| rcat uP °n Tne/day was Viceroy, firing the Market-Place aC
u e 1 2.tn ot March, there hapned on that the fame time, where many vaffc rich
Day a fort ot Mutiny, abundance o f the Shops were burnt. T o remedy this E vil,
Rabule going that Day under the Vice- the Viceroy on the 13th fent out his Or-
roy s \ v indows, to demand Bread. This ders and circular Letters to the Farmers,
Accident rais d fuch a Jealoufy in him, and other wealthy Perfons, for them to
that he caus d feveral Pedrtros to be bring into the City all the Corn that
planted abouL at the Loopholes, to he poffibly they could; for at that time
able to make the better Refiftance; ant} they eat fmall Loaves which coll about
Vo1' IV - U n iu three

S>7 . i *
 /■ jS* ■ G°Sjx
Y / y —s V , y^i

| ( S ) | < S L

..,~ j /J Voyage round W O R Li). book 1.

sp“ : ; x
“ " f n ,s omc w , « M l % £ £ &
Y ^ '- p j thcr and a Daughter, and then Robb a ora.narv ^ Hiftocians
r ' ^ L V o f V . ' wereTxecnted *lT u “ this Church was founded
nifh’d. the City, With them was by the Marc uels D . B e t d in A n d C o r t e s , on
upon T h u r fd a y the t 4th. With themi was oy tn i t 4 d where the Hea.
brought another, who had been takea tn v" / ^ eropie ftood j but others,
tWfV H0K ^ h » ri £ b F t '“ T8h h S S S £ S . " i L v aid Draughts
a falfe Key, ,• B k waS prove that Temple flood, where now
receiving 200 Latheson his BacK, wa i of St< I l d e f 0„ f MS is. However
mark’d with a red hot , j t js t^js waS raade a Bifhoprick on the
m rereive S “ H s T r k l f the Viceroy 13th of Ofleier KtM , and an Awthhi-

bef V " t h SeTsthiT ^ r ' c K ™ d " ™ « k ’ ta™eleven Suffragan Biftopsf which

L Pr0ter' PrtKt'eiSn in Honour of o u rSario u rt a r t £ i £ *
Pf ° "erefted
tal, ’ ifd W * T KKing,
by the in g witn
w «h aa ¥a ec - ^ H o n d u r a sI, * i « .' NM
and u te
v a-

venue of ^ 0O ' ^ ° ffl ^ ^ d r e d Bro- or ’ of ™ hich ele"

Sick In d ia n s . A . . 1 t4abit • venBifhopricks the Tenths only amount
tha-5 went firfl: in a p e m c e a t ^ H a b it , v e n « W P pieceS o f E ig h t. and all the
then the Nobility, and then other re 5 f6co0o Pieces of Eight. There
nitents. 1 heir follow d a P y ^ heen fpent j n building the Church
Soldiers clad m Black, wit H d-p ^ of f r6m che D ay it was founded
on, and trailing then 1 ik ’ f , k tju t}ie 2ld of D e c e m b e r i 66y , 1052000
° TCl c k ah a S » S to a s S Pieces’ of Eight, and the W ork is not
carrying a Tumck hanging w a , * • “n . T
reprefeuting that of our Saviour- u , , ,yth, being St. J i f t f b ’ s Day,
there were very M“ »c‘ a“sj e ^ the Church of the W » I -
Proceflion mult infallibly j • u The Altars are vaftly Rich, and
canfe the King has given p ^ ^ 00f j and the Monaftery is
Order for it. , and capabic 0f abundance of Re-
t S S ’' ‘ there be” S abundance of l i g ^ j Men. Going thence I rnq the

and fpcckled with:Red. A t my relturn r coach drawn by four

S c ? g * & * 2 £ £ £ £ A t a maintain’d at the Charge of the
Being there n the Gallery o fth e Court ft jg - t a * Mafs
Ifaw the Viceroy f into the St ^ femous for the
Court, and take his Seat ] excellent fweet Paftiles the Nuns make.

w i thc
K f a “ ilS 5 e,! M ^ W
j 5 “ I /a f f t i "ode three Leagues ^
r s ,f c r * t £ .s :
18th, I heard Mafs in the Ca-
M onday den of S ‘ | V ^ ,d th up„
Cathedral. £Hedral, which is large, and has three “ ^ ^ 4 tho’ fmall, was alia
vaulted lfleL t e S ? , e ishl « v S - mee^Mafs of Gold. The lower Church
ot Stone. The Structure is y in Beautiful, and had five Altars.
nifli’d, but is f a7X fT A n o w a n c e o8uc Then we walk’d about all the Monaftery
• Charge, who befides ^ Allowance out i i ^ k has fl0t onl

a rt? ft s S K
» t o ? £ S inThe

Sweetwood, with beautiful Figures and which tho>it be not above three
ATO of thcQors11 About the Church quarters of a League in com gfs

* ‘

'C V S
111 <SL
" ChaprVE Of N U W S P A 1 "k ~ ~5a5
about the W a ll; yet a great R iver run- T he Fhfpithtnt, or Houfe call’d St. AS- Au&ftinfr
Gernelii. ning through the midlt o f it, makes it fo choUt de .o f the Augufilniant *"*>
• 159 8 . Fruitful, that only the European T rees o f the Million o f Chm*, is adjoyning to
U ^ T s J there planted yield a Revenue o f 13 0 0 0 the other towards Mexico. Here is a
Pieces o f Eight a Year. T here are forty Church, and Room to entertain forty
feveral forts o f Pears, which are fold Miflioaers, as I was told by F. Peter Floret
for lix Pieces o f Eight a L oad •, variety the Procurator. T h is alfo is maintain d
o f Apples, Peaches, and Quinces ; for upon the Revenue o f the Garden,
there are but few Walnuts, Cheftnuts, Monday 25th, I went to the Nunnery Incamati-
or the like. T h e Archbilhop claiming o f the Incarnation, where the Nuns Sui g on Nun*,
the T itle o f this Fruit, and the Fathers well enough. T h ey are about 10 0 , and
refilling to give it, as being T rees plant- keep above 300 Servants ^ the Church
ed for the life of the Moualtery ; by the has feven little Altars, but the Mona-
K in g’s Order an Oydore, or Judge went fiery is very great. Palling by St. Fran-
to count the T rees, and found 1 3000, cis the G reat in the Afternoon, I faw
as I was inform'd by credible Peifons. half the People o f the T<Jwu got coge-
T h c Garden is feated in a delightful ther, to fee the Obfcquies o f three Per-
Place, at: the Foot o f vaft high Moun- fons that had been put to Death, and
* tains. T h e Fathers o f the fame College quarter’d a Month before for horrid
have a good Flower Garden, in which Crimes. T h e Fathers o f St. John de Dios
there are Glove T rees j but thefe, tho’ begg’d them o f the C o u rt} which is ufu-
they produce BlolToms as fweet and fra- ally granted. Having placed them in the
grant as thofe o f the Molucca Wands, Cliappel de lot Dejamparados, or o f Per-
yet the Fruit comes not to Perfection, foils forfaken, in theit M onakcry, t icy
T here is alfc a Park, Fifh-Ponds, and begg’ d A lm s to bury and fay Malles for
curious Fountains fo r the Diveriion o f them. T hen they carry d them to St.
the Religious. Francis, where thofe Fathers perform a
t Friday022d, I went to fee a famous their Obfequies according to Cuflom ,
Nunn ry call’d the Conception. T h e Nuns and then carrying them through the great
are 85, and have about an hundred W o - Streets of the C ity, bury’d them in the
men Servants : becanfe m oll o f the M o- afore!Ad Chappel de lot Defamparados.
naileries in New Spain, not living in Tuefday 2dth, I went to the Exche- Exchc-
Community, but every Nun receiving quer, which is the R oyal Palace. T h ree <juer.
Mony out o f the publick Stock to Main- Officers have the Care o f it, and are
tain her, that is, tw o Pieces o f Eight the Cm tadtr, or Controlcr, Eater* or
and a quarter a Head evety W eek, fome Fa& or, and T reafurer, who receive a ! 1
keep five or lix Maids. T h e Monaftery Tributes, and the K in g ’s fifth part of all
accordingly is large, and coll fome hun- Plate tor Marking it. 1 his does not a-
dred Thoufands o f Pieces o f Eight Build- mount to lefs than 600000 Marks a Y ear,
i n g : and the Church is large, and well every Mark being eight Ounces 3 befides
adorn’d. what the K in g is cheated of, which is a
Saturday 23d , I went into the neigh- greater Sum. D. Philip de R ivas, the
bouring Church o f the Nuns o f St. L a - K in g’s Refiner, or Allayer in that Court,
zants, which is alfo well adorn’d, has told me, T h at in the Year 16 9 1, he
feven A ltars, and the R o o f gilt. mark’d 800000 Marks. A ll this Plate is
n ■ . Sunday 24th, I fiw the H ofpitalof St. afterwards Coin’d, firft feparating the
SHI Hiacimhus, belonging to the Dominican G old from it, provided there be above
Milfioners o f Manila. T h e Church is fo rty Grains in a Mark, otherwile us
final!, but beautiful 3 and the Hofpitium, not worth while to feparate it.
or Houfe new built, fit to receive and Wednefday 27th, I met the Governor
entertain fifty Religious Men, who are o f New Mexico, whom I had known in
maintain’d upon the Revenue o f their Naples, and who was to refide five fears
Garden, like the College o f St. Angel •, in that Poll. T h is Country is newly
and they have Mony over to fend to Conquer d, tho there ftill remains much
China ; F. Martin Ibanez, having told more to Conquer. Upori thi- occafion l
me it yields 8, or 9000 Pieces o f Eight was told that thofe Chtchimecas are iucu
a Year in only H erbs, and Sallads. It skilful Archers, that they win -lit a
is to be obrerv’d , T h at the com- al tofs’d up into the A ir , and Ihake ott
oafs o f the Garden W all if not above aH the Grain out o f an Ear of Corn with-
the third part of a League. Its being out breaking it o ff 1'hey are great
near the C ity makes the Revenue the lovers o f Mules Flefh * for which rea-
Vreater
greater. fon they have often robbd T ravellers, afld

*• »

>V<t

t•'? ~ ■■ " ■ ? v: ■ .; . I
j, ■
 A # ---' G
oC \
^V \ ' yr->-
I® !
\ S S ^ y jr J
N'Ss^fr?
52 6 y4 Voyage round the W O R L D.
fV A -^ > and carry’d away only the Beads, leav-
Cemelli. ing behind the Chefts of Pieces o f Eight,
16 9 S. which they do not value. 1 hey alio
t-OT^O Paint their Bodies, after the manner ot
People that have been at Jerufalem. T h e
King maintains 600 Horfe in feveral
Garrifons in New Mexico, with an al-
lowance o f 450 Pieces o f Eight a Man \
but the Soldiers have the lead part o f
it, the Governor putting the reft into
his own Pocket, for he fells them all
they ftand in oted of, exa&ing twenty
Pieces o f Eight for that which is worth
two ; and by this unlawful Pra&ice the
Government comes to be worth 300000
Pieces o f Eight. Thefe Soldiers are
arm’d with a Buckler, Musket and half
Pike-, not to Fight with the Chicbime-
cas, but to go a Hunting after them as
i f they were wild Beads, in November,
T hey are order’d by the King to endea-
vour not to kill them, but to bring them
in to be inftrufted in the Holy Faith,
Thus 15 0 Leagues have been conquer’d
W eftw ard, tho’ the People endeavour
to defend themfelves with their Arrow s.
T h e worft is, that being 500 Leagues
from Mexico, thofe Barbarians quickly
R e v o lt ; knowing there cannot be fup-
plies of Soldiers fent in a fhort time,
T h e Country is Plain, and convenient
for Carriages, for fome Months in the
Year *, but they arc to pafs fuch wide
D eferts, that they generally intrench e-
very Night, and keep Guard, for fear
o f being fet upon by the Savages. T h e
Francifcans have the Charge o f the Con-
veriion o f thefe Chicbimecas, who are ra-
ther Atheifts, than Idolaters i and have
brought a confiderable Number o f them
to live like Men, but their wild Nature
always inclines them to Solitude. T h e
Country is fo ill Peopled, that they T ra -
vel feveral Days Journy through it with-
out meeting any Village ; for which
rcafon the Viceroy of Mexico fent feve-
ral Families thither o f late Years, to
People i t t h e Soil producing all Things
that are fow’d in it plentifully, even o f
Fruits o f Europe \ befides that there are
rich Mines of Gold and Silver. T h e
length o f the way not allowing T ravel-
lers to carry their Quilts to lie on 3 the
Jefuits that g o to theirMiffion o f Par-
ral, have learnt o f the Indians to carry
before them on their Saddles their Ma-
trades and Pillows made o f Leather,
■ which at Night they blow full o f W ind,
and in the Morning let it out, and put
them up as they were.
Saturday 30th, being the Day for v i-
firing the Prifons before Eajler, the Vice-
[
j © » y
§L
K JM ^ J
Book I.
roy heard Mafs in the Royal Chappel,
where on a row o f Chairs he fat down
in the middle, and the Oydores, or Judges,
and Alcades on his Tides. Over againft
him were the two Fifcdes, or Sollicitors
General, one for the King, and one for
Criminal Caufes. A fter Mafs they went
to the Court o f Criminal Caufes, and by
the way there were prefented to the
Viceroy two tall Boughs full of Flowers,
with Rabbits hanging about it, by fome
Indians reprefenting their Corporations,
and Nofegays to the other Minifters o f
State, in token o f Submiffion. T he Vice-
roy took his Seat on the middle o f the
Bench, under the Canopy, with the
Oydores, Alcades and Fifcales on his Tides
being T en in Num ber; and then the
Eldell Oydore, or Judge, read the Peti-
tions o f the Prifoners \ whofe Crimes
being heard, the V iceroy, with the A d -
vice o f the Oydores decreed what was
to be done * but no Mercy was fhewn
to Thieves, for he order’d them all to
be Profecuted. T h e fame Day I faw the
Formality o f Examining a Refiner or
Allayer of Gold and Silver, which was
perform’d, the K ing’s chief Refiner, and
other Officers fitting under a Canopy,
and the Perfon to be Examin’d making
a T ria l o f giving the Allay o f Gold and
Silver in their Prefence, there being a
Furnace there for that purpofe. A fter
which, fweet W aters, Chocolate, and
Sweetmeats were given about in fuch
Plenty that there was enough to Eat and
carry Home ; efpecially abundance o f
Paftiles, which are very much Perfum’d,
and have Figures ftamp’d on them. T h e
Indians ufe to give them with Chocolate
and Biskets, not to be eaten then, but
to carry away, taking it ill if any Man
for want o f being acquainted with the
Cuftom, leaves them behind. They give
more or lefs according to the Quality
o f the Perfon, and they are worth at
leaft a Royal a Piece.
Sunday 3 1ft , in the Evening, I faw a
fine Ceiemony perform’d at the Cathe-
dral 3 which they call de la Segna. T h ir-
teen Canons in long black Cloaks with
Hoods, went from the Choir to the
Chapter, along Iron G alleries: There
kneeling, the Dean took up a black Ban-
ner with a red Crofs in the middle o f x
it, which after Singing fome Prayers and
Verfes o f the Paffion, he began to wave
firft towards the right, to touch with
the Point o f it the laft o f the Canons,
then towards the A ltar, after that to-
wards the left, to touch the laft Canon
on that fide, he ftanding in the midft o f
them.
.
 • ' - w . ** • - m
|1 |
Chap. VII- Of N E W
e s j ^ n them, Laftly, he flourilh’d the Banner
GemellL a while in the A ir, and then laying it
1698. on his Shoulder, walk’d about the Chap-
ter in Memory o f our Saviour’s walking
in PHat's Court. Then all being rank’d
with their Backs to the Altar o f the
Chapter, made a low Bow one after an-
other, and went back towards the
Choir, dragging valt long Trains after
them. The Dean went laft, between
two Canons, with the Banner in his
Hands.
Procefli- On Holy Thurfday the 4th o f April,
onsi three Proceflions went out one after an-
other * the firft o f the Brothers o f the
Trinity dad in Red ; the fecond o f Bro-
thers o f the Church o f St- Gregory o f
the Jcfuits •, and the third of Brothers
o f St. Francis, call’d the Proceliion o f
the Chinefes, becaufe made by Indians o f
the Philippine Iflands. Each o f them car-
ry’d its images, with abundance o f Lights,
and a company o f arm'd Men, after the
manner as was mention’d before, belides
fome that went a Horfeback, w ithT ru m -
P ets founding difmally before them. The
rocelfion being come to the Palace,
the chinefes, and Brothers o f the E ri-
nity llrove for Precedence, and there
pafs’d fome Blows with painted Clubs
* they carry’d inftead o f Torches, and
the Grofles, fo that feveral Perfons were
Hurt.
The Sepulchers and Monuments they
make at Mexico arc beautiful and fight-
ly , but poor in Lights, all made by one
Model, and every Year the fame \ the
Tabernacles being high, with Pillars,
and Fret-work gilt, which ferves as long
as the Wood holds. Friday 5th, 1 law
the Proceliion o f Jerufalem, or Mount
Calvary, which goes from St. Francis the
Great, carrying the Figure o f the Sc-
pulcher. About eight in the Morning
three Trumpets founded a doleful Tune,
and then appear’d a great many Brothers
with Lights in their Hands, and among
them feveral Perlons W hipping them-
felves. Then follow’d a Company o f
arm’d Men * fome o f them a Horfeback
carrying the Sentence in W riting, T itle ,
Garment, and other Tokens o f the Pall
lion. Then Perfons reprefenting our Sa-
viour, the BlelTed Virgin, St. John, St.
Veronica, the good and the bad Thief.
Then two reprefenting Jewijh Priefts on
Mules, and others in very good Order,
In the Afternoon was the Proceffion o f
the Blacks and Indians o f the Sodality o f
St. Dominick, much like the others. A f-
ter this follow’d that o f the Spaniards,
call’d the Funeral o f our Saviour, in
*)
w
^ ' '•
. <SL
/"
S ~P~A I N. f f f
which went 16 Regtdores, who are like
Aldermen, two Alcades, and a Corregi-
dor, who are the Supream Magiftrates o f
Mexico, with AtguazJles, and Serjeants
before them. Then follow’d abundance
o f Knights, and Brothers, and all the
Myfterics o f the Pafllon carry’d on fmall
Biers, by Men clad in Black like Angels,
and adorn’d with Jewels. After them
came ten Penitents, ^with vaft long
Trains * nexc the Company o f arm’d
Men, in white Arm6ur, as has been faid
in other Places ^ and laftly, an Image o f
our Saviour, in a rich SJirine o f Silver
and Cryftal, given the Dominicans by
the Bifhop o f Campeche. By the Shrine
was the Blefled Virgin, and St. John,
follow’d by an infiuice Multitude o f de-
vout People. In (hort, nothing was In -,
ferior to the Magnificence o f Europe.
Another Proceliion o f Indians went from
the Parifii o f St. James o f the Francif-
cans, much like the laft, only that fome
Indian Women went in Mourning
W eeping, to reprefeht the Daughters o f
Sion.
Saturday Cth, the Viceroy and Vice- A fjneTa<
queen went to hear Service at the Cathe- bernacie.
dral •, he fat on a Place rais’d above the
reft o f the Church, fhe in a Clofet iliuc
up with Lattices, both on the right fide
o f the Altar. On a Bench behind the
Viceroy fat the firft Chaplain, Captain
o f the Guard, and Gentleman o f the
Horfe. On the left fide o f the A ltar fat
the Regidores, attended by two Mace-
Bearers, clad in Damask with Silver
Maces in their Hands. After the ufual
Ceremonies, Mafs beginning at Gloria
in excelfts, the rich Marble Tabernacle
was uncover’d ; the lower part whereof
is fupported by fixteen Pillars, and the
upper by eight, with noble gilt Statues,
which vaft W ork rifes to the top o f the
Church. There is alfo a Pulpit o f the
fame fine Mar ble of the Pillars curioufly
Wrought.
Sunday 7th, I law the Viceroy at the
Church o f St. Auguflin theGreat, at Mafs,
fitting on his Throne, and 18 Knights
o f Santiago, or Sc. James, upon two
Benches by him, with their white Man-
ties o f the Order. There are in Mexico
abundance o f Knights o f this and other
Orders, who fell Cloth, and Silk, Cho-
colate, and other 1 hings o f lets value ,
laying this no way lefiens their Gentility,
they having a W arrant o f the Emperor
Charles V. tor lo doing. his Church is
very beautiful, and has thirteen Altars
extraordinary rich in Gold, and adorn d
with curious Pictures. A t the Entrance
on
S bI
H I
528 Voyage round the W O R L D.
O sj\^ -i on the left hand is a fmall Congregation
Gemelli. o f the third Order, with five Altars
1^98. richly Adorn’d. I faw a Play in the A f-
ternoon very ill Afted by Criollos, that is,
the Sons o f Spaniards by Indian W omen,
the Europeans looking upon it as a dif-
grace to A ft in Publick.
Monday 8th, I went a League out o f
Guadalupe, the City to vific the Church o f our Lady
o f Guadalupe, which they fay was built
by Command ofHhe BlelTed Virgin ap-
pearing to an Indian, and is now a no-
ted Pilgrimage, whither the Mexicans
refort with rich Offerings, with which
there is now building a large Church with
three Ifles fupported upon eight Pillars,
!" and w ill coft a great deal before it is fi-
nifh’d. The high Altar o f a little Church,
ferves for the p refen t, and is curi-
oufly wrought o f Silver. T here are
three other Altars for faying o f the Maf-
fes, where are Alm s brought for every
D ay. Near the aforefaid Church is the
Place, where the Blefied Virgin is faid to
have appear’d the fifth time, and a great
Spring-, and not far from it on the Rock
an Hermitage o f great Devotion, in the
place where the Indian who had the Vifi-
on, is reported by order o f it to have ga-
ther’d Rofes to Ihow the Bilhop in token
o f the truth o f what he faid. T h is A f-
ternoon I went upon the Canal o f Xama-
ic<»,wherePeople either walk on theBanks,
or divert themfelves in Boats on the W a-
ter, there being many Men and W omen
who Sing and Play on the Mufick, ftriv-
ing to outdo one another. T h eB an k s
are cover’d with little Houfcs o f Indians
and Inns, for the People to take fome
Refreshment, fuch as Chocolate, Atole
. and Tamales. T he principal Ingredient
o f the two laft nam’ d is Indian W heat,
jtoknVi- order’d after this manner. T h ey boil the
quor. Indian Wheat withLime, and when it has
flood a while grind it, as they do the
Cacao. Then they ftrain that Paft through
a Sieve with W ater, which makes a white
thick Liquor, like that we draw from
Alm onds; wljich Liquor when it has
been boil’da little, they call Atole, and
is drank either mix’d with Chocolate or
by it felf. T h e more dainty People
drink it the latter way with Sugar; but
either way it is very nourishing, and
much us’d in the Indies. O f the Paft that
remains after that wafliing, they make
the T 'amahs, mixing it with minc’d Meat,
Sugar and Spice, and colouring it over,
I lik'd the T aft o f them both, tho’ my
Mouth was us'd to good and bad.
Tucfday 9th I bear’d Mafs in the Nun-
nery o f S. Agnes, Founded by a Citizen
§L
Book I.
of Mexico, with a Revenue to Maintain
33 poor Maids, which are now chofen by
his Heir. T h e Mbnaftery on the other
hand, in gratitude pays a thoufand Pieces
o f Eight a Y ear to this Protestor and Heir,
by order o f the Founder. T his right o f
Patronage is at prefent in a Criollo or Son
o f a Spaniard by an Indian W oman, of
the Family o f Cadena. T h e Church is
well adorn'd, has nine A ltars, the R oof
vaulted, and all decent.
Thurfday n t h , in the Morning I went e
to fee Chapultepec, where Hiftory tells ” ”
us Montezuma's Palace o f Recreation,
o r Country-Houfe flood. A t prefent it
ferves to receive the Viceroys, till the
City is ready to receive them, and their
Palace o f Refidence put in order. O f late
Years this publick Reception has not
been made, the City having reprefented
to the K ing what a great Expence it w as;
fo that the prefent Viceroy the Count
de Montezuma, went in privately to take
Polfeffion o f the Government in the
great Hall where the Courts are kept,
and when all things were in a readinefs,
made his folemn Entry a Horfeback over Viceroy’s
the Caufway o f Guadalupe, attended by Receptl0n’
the N obility and Magiftrates. When he
came to the Triumphal Arch erected be- 0 ■ #
fore the Church o f the Dominicans, the
Gate was Ihut according to Cuftom, to
perform the Ceremony of prefenting
the Keys, and tendring the Oath to keep
the Liberties o f the City. As he was
going to alight for this purpofe, he fell
from his Horfe, and his Perriw ig dropt
o ff his Head, the Horfe being unruly,
and he, as a Scholar, little us’d to ride.
Then he pafs’d through the fecond Arch,
which was richly adorn’d, and then a
Bridge over to the Church-yard o f the
Cathedral, at the Gate whereof the
Archbifhop in Pontificalibus expefted him,
with all the Chapter, to fwear him to the
keeping the Privileges o f the Church,
T his done Te Deum was fung.
T o return to the Palace o f Chapultepec,
it was built at the foot o f a Hill (on the
T o p whereof is a Hermitage o f the In­
vocation o f S. Frances Xaverius) by D. L h-
is deTelafco,who was Viceroy in the Reign
o f the Emperor Charles V . as appears by
the Infcription over the G a te ; but it is
too little for a Viceroy’s Court. It has
two Courts, in one o f which the City
did ufe to have the Juego de Toros, or rid- .»
ing at Bulls, whilft things were preparing
for the Entry. The Garden is fmall but
has a good Spring, which after ferving
the Palace is convey’d in Pipes to Bethlem,
the N ovitiate o f the Mercenarians, to
ferve
 <V\

H I <SL

Chap.VIII. Of N
r J ^ T f e r v e the Inhabitants of that Quarter.
G t m d l i . They fay this Spring was accidentally
1598. found by a Viceroy, who caus’d that
piaCe to be dug to find M o n t e z u m a ’ s
Treafure. Clofe by it is a little Wood,
and not far from it the Powder-Houfe,
the Mills drove by Water. A t C h ap u lte-
pec begin the famous Arches or Aqueduft,
which conveys to the City of M e x ic o an
pvrellent Water brought from S a n ta F e ,
three Leagues diftant. One M a r k G u t -
“ K c U i z e n , was ac all this
charge Almoft all People ufe this Wa-
ter becaule that of B e le n is thicker.
tome fav it is fpoil’d by being convey’d
bevond C h a p u l tepee in Leaden Pipes* but
?S ir good enough
• 0urLadv { F n a a y xlth, I travdl’d three Leagues
deTosKe- through a Plain well cultivated Country,
t ‘d m . i|ke that of P o r t ia R ea le in N a p le s , to fee
the miraculouflmage of our Lady, call’d
, los R em cdios The Church is built on
a Hill with convenient Dwellings for the
Priefts that ferve it, under the Care of
a Vicar It is adorn’d with excellent
P it r e s in gilt Frames, as is the Roof
and four Altars. But the high Altar
?on which Hands the holy Image, which
is MaffV and two Spans high) befides be-
j j an has a noble Canopy of bea-
t S t Si ver, an Antependium of Cryftal,
with gilt Figures behind it, and about
in large Silver Lamps of curious W ork-
manihfp * nor have they ipar’d this Me-
tal to adorn the Pulpit. Behind the high
E W S
Al
T
Altar is a little Treafury where they Seep
all the Things of value olier d by the
Devotes. For fear of Thieve^ the Church
being vaffly rich and Handing on a Moun-
tain, they never open it till ten in the
Morning. .
Thence I went to S. J o a c h im , A Mo- 0M m '>
naftry of O m O t t barefoot Fryars, be-
gun to be Built of late Years, and there-
fore the Religious are as yet but ill
Lodg’d, and fay Mafs in a little Church
with three Altars. They are Waning
in a great piece of Ground to make i
Garden, which in time will be delight-
ful and yield great Profit,
S a tu rd a y 1 3th, I went to the Monaflery .
of the D o m in ic a n s , to fee the Chappel of
D. P e t e r M o n t e z u m a , defeendedfrom the
Emperor M o n t e z u m a , where I found a
S p a m jh Infcnption, in E n g tifh thus. T h e
Chappel o f D . Peter Montezuma, who w a s
h e r e d ita r y P r in c e to Montezuma th e L o r d
o f t h e p e a t e f t p a n o f New Spain. The
Chappel is dedicated to our Lady d c os
D o lo re s , or of Sorrow* devoutly adorn d,
and enrich’d with Gold, as are the other
40 Altars in the fame Church, befides
Oratories and particular Congregations,
The Monaftery is large, containing 130
Religious Men m handfome Dormitories.
The Nunnery of S. T e r e fa of her Order
is rich * in the Church there are fix A l­
tars handfomly painted, and magnificent-
ly adorn’d with Gold,

„ CHAP. VIII.
Art Account of the wonderful Conveyance for the Water to run cut of the Lake
of Mexico.

B
Eing defirous to fee this mighty cation of S. P r a n a s X a v e r iu s , and hasfix
Work, I mounted a Horfeback on Altars richly gilt, efpecially the high
. M o n d a y 15th, and travell’d 3 Leagues Altar, which exceeds all other in Mag-
along thePlain to the Village o f T a m p a n t - nificence. There is a Chappel of our
la Then going up the Hill of B a r r i e n - Lady of L o re tto of the lame bignels, and
i ‘tM
lo u fg u fs farther came to e xa ily built like that in / , ^ The Gar-
titla n - where ihereis good earthen Ware den is large and has a great deal of L«»
made,’ like that of C i l l i f o much valu’d in rope a n Fruit. . ,
E u r o p e , which when broke wanton La- T u e fd a y 16th, having travel d fome
dies^eat. In the Evening croffing the way over Plains well cultivated I came
River G u a u titla n (which falls into the D i - to G u eg u eto c a , the Place' , ^ " 5
fa g u e , or Channel made for carrying off have their Paffage under the Diredion of
{he Water from the Lake of M e x ic o ) I the G u a r d a M a y o r , or head1Keeper. T S
rode a League further, and fet up that Viceroy is oblig d by the King s exprefs
Night at Teplofotlan in the Novicelhip of Command to go thithereveryYear in
t h ? J e f u i t s , where the Reaor entertain'd A u g u ft to view what Coiidit.on the Place
me courteoufly. This Houfe is built up- is in, and gwe the neccffary Orders for
on a Hill with Dormitories and Conve- it. D. T h om as dc B u y tro n y M o x ic a en-
niencesfor s i Priefts, Novicesand Lay- tertain’d me courteoufly, and gave meat
Brothers The Church is of the Invo- true Account Of that Work,
tsrotners. 1 *«* ^ X xx M e x ic o

~7
IP <SL

530 ^ Vtyige round the W O R L D . Book I.

f S . Mexico is fo feated that it is always King’s Solicitor and the City ihould Pe-
Gemelli. fa bjeft to be overflow’d by the Water of tition the Viceroy. He going in Ferfbn
1598. its Lakes, which rundown in vaftquan- to the Place aforemention’d with the
W N J titles from the Mountains about it. This Judges o f the Royal Court and the Vili-
f b f 'i f hapned thefirft time iri the Reign of M on- tor General, order’d the Work Ihould
Flood*. * * * * * the firft of the Name ; afterwards be done; and accordingly 011 the 28thof
under Abuitzotl, and under the hft Mon- November 1607. after Mafsfung at Gue-
ie z m a \ fo that the Inhabitants feeing gm oca, the Viceroy himfelf taking.a
tbemfeives forced to go in Boats about Spade began to dig. This Place was
the City, would certainly have chang’d found out by Arrigo Martinez, an Europe-
their ancient Abode, had not they been an, who undertook to bring the Work
a(lifted by the neighbouring Kings, mak- to perfection. The Expence, being fo
ing fome Banks agaiaft the Water. great,the fame Viceroy caus’d the Houfes,
The Year after Mexico was Conquer’d Poffefliom, Merchandize and Goods of
by the Forces' of the Emperor Charles all the Citizens to be Apprais’d, which
V. that is, in 1523, the Waters fwell’d were valuld at 2026755.5 Pieces of Eight,
fo high, that they were oblig’d to make upon which he rais’d one in the hundred,
the Bank and Gaufway of S. Lazarus. and that amounted to 304013 Pieces of
This not being a fufficient Defence a- Eight and two Royals and a half; which
gainft the Mifcbief that might happen, was paid by Laity and Clergy alike,
they began to turn away the River C u- Whilft Martinez was carrying on the
autitlan, which did moft harm; this by Work, the Viceroy went thither with
Order of D. Luis de Vtlafco, who was fome Perfoas of Judgment, who were of
Viceroy in the Year 1556 ; becaufe the Opinion that the Trench or Canal Ihould
Year before the City had been Drowned, be carry’d on open, from the Bridge of
notwitbftanding the new Bank. Gueguema, or Salt-River, up to the
Another great Inundation hapning in Lake o f Sitlaltetec, for the fpace of a
the Year 1580, the Viceroy D. M artin League and a half, and from the Bridge
Enriquez, order’d fome Method Ihould be downward, the Water Ihould run under
found to drein all the Lake; and the Arches with Gaps left open at certain
Village of Gueguetoca was thought a pro- fpaces; and that the Canal all along 4
per Place to convey the Water into the Ihould be four of their Yards, as above,
River of T d a ; but the-Work was not deep, and five over. The number o f/«-
begun. In 1604 the Inundation was fo chans that wrought from the end of N o-
great, that the City had like to have vender 1607 till the 7th of M ay i<yo8,
been all Drowned; wherefore the was 4 7 115 4 } and thofe that made it their
Marques de Montes Claras, who had charge Bufinefs to arefs them Meat 1664, the
of conveying away the Water, was for Expence of Pieces of Eight 7 36 11. The
beginning the Work immediately. The Viceroy and Archbifhop faw the Water
King’s Solicitor oppos’d it, alledging, run to the end of the cover’d Canal, at
That Work could not be finijh’d under an the foot of the Hill of Nocifongo.
A ge, and could never be maintain’d , becaufe In 1 6 1 1 , the King by fpecial Warrant
a Channel was to be Cut nine or ten Leagues of the 8th of M ay, demanded a particu-
in Length, and in Depth from fixteen to an lar Account o f the Viceroy, the Archbi-
hundred Yards (every Yard of these is 3 Ihop and City, of what had been laid oat
Spans and a Quarter of Naples, that is, a- till that time; what benefit had been
bout three Quarters and a Nail of an reap’d, what they could hope for the
Englijb Yard) on which Work 15000 Indi- time to come, what it would coft to
ans m u fi be employ'd every D a y ; and there- bring the Work to Perfeftion, and what
fore the Work was put o ff. In 1607 D. the Charge would be every Year tokeep
A great M * . ^ Telafco Governing, there was fo it in Repair. The Viceroy by the Ad-
Canal to great a Flood, the Fences made by his vice of undemanding People, anfwer’d,
carry away predecelfor proving ulelefs, that the That they had taken wrong Meafures, and
beau^atef City was almofl: fwallow’d up; which therefore all the Expence'was loft, Alonfo
made the carrying off the Water before, d’ Arias was of opinion the Canal under
thought imprafticable to be thought of Ground mult be forty Yards deep, of
again, and the Place was often view ’d by thofe before-mention’d, and 60000 in
the Viceroy, Judges, Magiftrates o f the length up to Mexico to lecure the C ity, *
City, Clergy, Ingeniers,and other under- and that it was impoflible to finilh the
Handing Perfons to find the eafieft way Canal as ’ twas begun under Ground, or
* to convey the Water. After feveral tokeep it afterwards in Repair, becaufe
Confultations it was refolv’d, That the of its narrownels. The City gave the
lame

■ . ..,1’ T; i; || .1—.....'"'"'Iri,,.. ■ '•■■•.7c--- ’3 ~" ; U

/y^'V •• ,S>\

® §L

Clup^LIi: J f N E W S P A l N._____531
rvA /> fame account the Vice-roy had done; (?«*#?;>/<«»,breakingintotheCanalQ\Zum-
Gemelli. concluding all was miftaken, becaufe pango, after the W ork o f the Canal was
• i<So8. they had not proceeded according to letc offT Seeing the W aters up to their
u 'V 'O the firft dcfig^adding that the expence to Chins by this innundation, theybeganto
that time amounted to 4 13 3 2 4 pieces o f talk o f removing the City, to fome high
Eight for the labour 112 8 6 5 0 Indians. Ground, according to feveral repeated
\Martinez., on the other Hand, writ in Orders from the King, in order to it,
Vindication o f what he had done, clear- the Viceroy on the firft o f November 1629
ing himfelf o f what was obje&ed by his held a Council of all the Courts and C i-
Adverfaries. tizens^ where it was agreed that feve-
Hereupon it was refolv’d at M adrid, veral Magiftrates and skilful Perfons,
to fend over Adrian Boot a French In- fliould go find out the Canal that had
genier, and accordingly he went. He been hegun.
coming to Mexico in 16 14 , view’d all On the d th o f December 16 19 , upon a
the Lakes and Rivers that could do fecond Debate, ic was refolv’d to con-
harm to the City, in the Company o f tinue the Canal o f Guegmoca, which
one of the Oydoresov Judges 3 and at laft would now coft 200000 pieces of Eight*
concluded that all the W ork done was to bring ic to perfection 3 befides other
in vain and would only ferve to eafe W orks upon the Caufway and Banks,
the City o f the R iver o f Guautitlan, Ac the beginning o f January 16 30, the
which carries the greateft quantity o f W ork was begun,uponcondition itlhould
W ater, into the Lakes of Mexico, Cit- be finilh’d in 2 1 Months, with the ex-
lattepec] and Sumpango. Then he offer- pence o f 280000 pieces o f Eight, and
ing to’ throw up the Banks about the the Labour of 300 Indians every day,ac-
City the next Year 1 6 1 5 , for the ex- cording to the Method propos’d by M ar-
pence o f an hundred eighty fix thou- tinez^ which was found to beeafierthan
fand pieces o f Eight, his P^opofal was thereft. The Marques delcrralvoM ke-
rejefted , that Method having been roy on the 12th o f Ottober 16 30 , putout
found unfuccefsful in the Years 1604, an Order for carrging on the Canal to
and 1607. Martinez, was therefore or- the Mouth of St. Gregory.
der’d to carry on his W ork, upon con- Afterwards confidering it was impof-
dition he fhould finifh it for iio goo fible to find a Paflage for all the W aters,
pieces o f Eight. T he King confirm’d obtain’d a new Order o f the 19th of
this Contraft in 16 1 6 , ordering the Mo- M ay, 16 3 1, for building a new City*
ny to be paid out o f Duty on W'ine in between Tacuba, and Tacubaia, in the
Mexico. T h e Count del Priego being Plains o f the Village o f SanElorum, to-
Viceroy, to fee how much the W ater wards the Mills o f John de Alcocer, and
muft rife to Flood the City, caus'd the would have this debated in a General
work o f the Canal to be left off, the Banks Council. The Magiftrates, Chapter and
to be broke down, and the River o f Guau- Religious meeting, the greateft part
titlan and other W aters to be let in,from would not confent to it, faying there
the 13th of June, till the laft day o f Ott- was no reafon to lofe the value of 50
ober 16 23. The W ater was obferv’d at Millions and upwards, in the Stru&ure
fir ft to rife a Yard, wanting 2 Inches, but o f Churches, and Houfes, to fave the ex ­
in December it fwell’d fo high that the pence o f four Millions, it would coft
City was in Danger. The Marques de to drein the Lake 3 urging further the
Zerralvo finding things in this Pofture, lofs o f the Revenues o f the Church, the
following the Steps o f his Predeceffors, K ing and private Perfons. Thus all that
made feveral Fences 3 but they avail’d could be alledg’d on t he contrary being
nothing, for the R iver of Guautitlan run- o f no force againft private Intcreft, no-
ning into the Lake in 16 27, the W ater thing was concluded on.
was half a Yard deep in the City. Hereup- In 16 32 Martinez, dy’d for G rief, that
on the People o f Mexico prefs’d theVice- the Oydor VAlabucna had refleded on
roy, to make the Canal be carry’d on as him, upon account of the miftake, cora-
the King had order’d 3 whereupon after mitted in making the Canal,
fome confultation, it was order’d to be T h e Marquefs de Cadereyta, coming
proceeded upon. But upon St. Matthevo\ over Viceroy in 16 3 5 , caus'd all the Ca-
day, that fame Year, fome Banks break- nals o f the City to be cleans d, for the
j ng5 fo great a quantity o f W ater came Boats to go upon them,with the expence
in ° that it was two Yards deep in the o f 34000 pieces o f Eight 3 and the fol-
Ci’ty, and they went about the Streets in lowing Year having feen an account o f
Boats. T his was caus’d by the R iver o f the condition o f the Banks, and o f the
Vol. IV. X x x 2 Canal

• »

/ . ^
III
_____________________ ____________ _ ________ _______________ __*
~ ^2 A Voyage round the VV O R L t).
f v ^ Canal o f 6 « w w w m , he order’d Ferdi-
J w T „and ZcpccU, and 1A F e r d i ^ d CorriUoto
16 qS draw up another particular o f all thac
V^VXJ had'hapned, and what had f e n hid out
u ^ n the hid Canal, from the 3 th o f
i6o% when it was begun un-
der the Government o f t h e Marquefs de
Salinas the ?.d Viceroy, till the 27th o f
j S ”ch 1637. T hree points were con-
liderdin that Paper.The fir ft,whether in
order to fecurc Mexico againft inunda-
tions, ic would be available to preferve
the Canal o f Gueguetoca ; whether being
made open, deeper, and wider, it would
be capable o f d. d o in g the Lake o f A lex-
ico and in cafe it were, whether it
was poflible to keep it in repair. T h e
id , whether in cafe no way were found
out for all the W aters at Gueguetoca, or
d fe w h e re , Mexico might be lecur’d by
Banks. A nd the third, whether, i f both
were imprafticBbie, the C ity ought to
be remov’d. The Computation was
made o f what had been l'pent till then,
and it amounted to 29 4 6 16 .pieces o f
Eight, feven Royals and a half.
T h is account being Printed at Mexico
on the 7th o f April, 16 3 7 , Copies were
given to all Magiftrates, the Chapter,
Provincials of Orders, and other Per-
fons of Judgment ; that they might ex-
amine it', and give their Opinions. T o
this purpofe, a GoafnU .was held in the
pretence of the Viceroy, where they
all difiigreed, according as every one
flood affeftel. On the 20th of Ju ly
, 5 , m the fame Viceroy order’d that the
Canal of G u e c m t o c a fhould be made o-
pen- whereupon the Geometricians de-
clar’d, that between the Caufway of St.
C h rifto p b e r , and the Mouth of St. G r e g o -
v there muft be dug up 70721526 cu-
bical Yards of Earth, to make way for
four cubical Yards of Water of the Lake
of M e x ic o . It has fince appear’d by ex-
pcricncc, that for almoft an Age paft,
wherein there has been continual La-
hour, and Application, about three Mil-
lions o f Gold have been fpent, without
com palling the intended end; for no o-
' ther way having been found for the Ri-
ver GnAtitiM u upon Floods it has carry’d
T rees, Stones, and Earth into the vault-
cd part o f the C a n a l; fo that in procefs
of time, it has by degrees ohftrudedthe
Pallatteof the W aters, which afterwards
o f necedicy run into the Lakes 0iZ n m -
nanq-o. thence to that o f Xdtac&n, and
laftly into thole o f St. Chrijbpher, T tf-
cmk>, and Pcntw, indangering the C ity o f
Mexico, as particularly in 16 45.
T h e Inhabitants never agreeing to re-
f M.
§L
'
Book i.
move the C ity, according to the King’s
the W ork ot the open -anal ° 6c Car-
ry’d on, caufiug the old Arches to be
broken down, the better to remove the
Impediments that hiodred the Pafiageof
the W ater, this W ork , as has been
faid, was begun in 16 3 7 , and at this
prefent, there remains much more to do,
than has been done; and theworft o f it
is, that they muft tu t down a vaft depth,
to lay open the old vaulted way, made
them by digging under ground , like
Conny-bunes. 1 his \V 01k is carry d on,
but moll is done in rainy W eather be,
caufe then the Flood helps to carry down
the Stones, dug out, otherwise it would
not be done in many Ages, r o do this,
they fallen a Beam on the Bank of the
R iver, or neer the mouth o f the Vault j
about tins Beam, they wind feveral Ropes
to which the Indians are made fa ft by the
middle, who d ig the Earth a id Stones
along the Canal, to make them fall into
the Stream, into which they fometimes
tumble themfelves. ,
T h a t I might give the Reader a 11 uc
account o f the prefent condition o f this
Canal, I went in the Afternoon to fee it.
I found i t open for a League and a halt,
to the place calld G m n n a t * , where it
winds,becaufe they met with a fohdRock,
and from thence forward to the Mouth
of St. G re g o ry , being half a League m
length, it is not open, except in (ome
places for an experiment. Here it is
neceftary the ground be cut down open
to the Banks j to do which will employ
many thoufanos of People, and require
a much greater expence than the 100000
pieces of Eight affign d by the King,
And when all this is done, it will not
fecure Mexico againft the Floods 5 to
prevent which, it would be neceftary to
make the Canal much deeper, that it
might carry all the Water, that gathers
m the Lake, when the Rams fall,
I went hence to fee the Bank or Dike,
call’d I M n d c r o , half a Leagueabove G u e -
gnetocA, made to keep the RtVerot G u a -
talm n from running into the Lattes , and
confine it to the fmall Lake of Cuyatcpeke,
and this to avoid dcftioying the Canal
which is not capable ot receiving it W
tune o f Floods. Sometimes the W a-
ters gufh into the Lake ot Zumpango,
which is twelve Spans lower than that
o f Luyatcpeke, and as much higher than
that of Xaltocan, and thus they aie kept
as it were laid up, till the Floods are
over. Then that they may not run out
o f the Lake of Z im p ^ n go , into thofoot
<11#
Chap. ix. o/ W e
Cs-A>^ St. C b r ifio p h e r , T e fc u c o , and P en n o n to
G e m e lh . mifchief a ftrong Bank, is al-
1698. ways kept up. There are alfo two o-
ther Banks or Dikes, which anfwer to
the Lake of Z u m p a n g o , the one with
three Sluices, the other with two, to
convey the fpare Water of Z u m p a n g o ,
when it does not Rain, into the afore-
laid Canal. When I went thither, the
<SL
w s P a / n . jfp
Canal was choak’d up, and out of ufe
by reafonof tlic great quantity of Earth
carry’d into it, by the Waters. Two'
other Dikes, one after another have a
Communication with the River and Lake
of C uyatepeke ; the firft has iix Sluices,
the 2d four. The Keeper of them led I
me all about, and tho’ an Indian, treated
me courteoufly in his Houfe.

""r~ri" -------U---- - ■— *
C H A P . IX .

Of the Danger the Author run himfe/f into, tofee the? late dug, and a Deferif -
tion of the Mines of Pachuca.

HO’ all my Friends difeourag’d me fall to a piece of Timber that crofles the
T from going to the Mines of P a c h u - Axle-tree. Two of thefe M a la c a t e s
c a , as being incredibly deep, yet having work at this Mine, as well to draw up
fix’d my Refolution, I Let out upon W e d - the Metal, as to drein the Water, which
n e/d a y the 17th. I din’d at the Village would otherwife rife and hinder the
of T e c h ifc h ia c two Leagues diftant, then Work. 1 went down five Ladders, or
went on a League further to the Village Poles; but the Miner would let me go
of G u ip u ftla , and from thence 3 Leagues no further, for fear I fhouid tumble head-
to lyeattheFarmofT«yi«t/4/p<?. 1there long ; and indeed the Poles we were to
kill’d four Hares by the Houfe, and go down by were wet, and a Man’s Foot
might have kill’d more, but would not might eafily flip,as he was finding out the
firft, becaufe they are not fo good as Notch. Then I went to the Mine, call’d
thofe of E u ro p e-, in the next place, be- d e l N a v a r r o , where the Indians brought
caufe the M e x ic a n s abhor them, becaufe up the Metal on their Backs, with emi-
they have feen them eat the Maggots nent Danger of their Lives, in climb-
bred in dead Horles. ing fo many Ladders, or rather upright
Mines. T h u rfd a y 18. having travell’d fix Poles with Notches. This they "do
Leagues, part Mountain, part Plain, >I for four Royals a day ; but at Night
came to P a c h u c a , where I was entertain’d they are allow’d to carry as much Ore
by D o m in ic k L a v a r r e a , the chief Offi- as they can at once, which they after-
cer there of the King’s Revenue. My wards lhare with the Owner of the
chief defign being to fee the Mines as Mine. They had wrought five Months
foon as we had din’d, he fent his Son-in- to make a Communication under Ground
law with me to the two ncareft, about from one Mine to the other, and con-
half a League diftanr, to which the Way vey the Water out of that of Navarro,
was rough and craggy. They were into that of S a n t a C r u z ., which was
both extraordinary deep. The depth deeper y as yet the Miners had not
Depth, of the firft call’d S a n ta C ru z ., or Holy m et, but were fo near one another,
Crofs, was 92 E fia d o s (an E fla d o is 3 that both heard each others Strokes.
Sp a n ijh Yards, and a S p a n ijh Yard, as was F r id a y 29th, I went two Leagues fur-
faid before, is three quarters and a Nail ther to fee the Mines on the Moun-
of onr E n g lijh Yard) fo that the 92 £ - tain. There I found a little City of
fta d o s being 27 6 Sp a n ijh Yards, makes clay Houles, cover’d with Wood, as in
224 Yards. The other, call’d of other places the In d ia n s cover them
N a v a r r o , is 80 E J la d o s , that is, 195 Yards with Leaves of Maguey -, for here at
In that of S a n t a C r u z , the Metal was leaft 12000 got their living in thofe
taken out with M a la c a t e s . This is an deep Dungeons. There are in the fpace
Engine with a perpendicular Axle-tree of fix Leagues about a Thoufimd Mines;
refting in two Irons. About the Axle- lome laid afide, others where they now
tree moves a Wheel, upon which inftead Work, and others they prefer vc } but
of a Rope an Iron Chain is wound, one lome privately get down into them
end of which comes up with the Mecal to Steal the Metal. Eight days before
hanging to it,andtheothcr goes down for I was there, fifteen In d ia n s had been
more, like Buckets in a Well. TheEn- kill’d in one of them, the Earth fal-
gine is kept going by four Mules, made ling in upon them, as they were go­
ing

/
 <SL

554 A Voyage round the W O R L D , Book L

ing down a narrow Mouth ; the great the hard ftrong Ore fly about. They
Gemclti, one being flopp'd up by the Owner’s told me, that in fome Places it is foft-
1698. Orders. er, and of feveral Colours ; and ha-
G 'V N J Having refted a little, I went to the ving rewarded them, they gave me a
Mine, they call of the Trinity ■, bccaufe great deal of Metal. Here 1 bethought
it is made Up of the three feveral my ft If of the Danger I had run in-
Mines, diftinguilh’d by the Names of to ; and the more beeaufe it was very
laCamfecbiana, Joy a, and Ptnnol. Tho’ unwhokfome being in that deep Dun-
thefc be three Mouths, they all go to geon,by reafon of the peflilential Damps
the fame Vein. As for its Riches, of the Place. Having therefore flay’d
Perfons o f Reputation and well ac- there, about two Hours, I went up a-
quainted with the Place, told me, that gain, in much dread, beeaufe of the
in thefe ten Years, there have been for- bad Afcent; and got up into the o-
ty Millions of Silver drawn thence, pen Air, very weary. 1thought I was
nine hundred? or a thoufand Men work- then newly Born into the World, and
ing there every day. When they had I confefs in my Days, I never under­
funk the W ork, an hundred Eft ados took fo Ralh, if not Foolilh, an A&i-
(each three quarters of an Englifli Yard on ; nor was I ever fo much afraid in
and Nail, as has been explain’d be- five Years, I travelPd among barbarous
fore) they found Water, to drein the Nations. I would not have gone down
which fixteen Maine at es (before ex- again into that Place, whither only my
plain’d) were ft£ up, and two Milli- Curioiky had led m e, for two , or
ons were laid out in Timber-work to three thouiand pieces of Eight,
keep the Earth from falling in. Yet The Mines are fo deep, becauft they
time, that confumes all things, has ren- always dig down Perpendicularly, to
der’d this rich Mine fo dangerous, that find the Veins of Silver, which being
it is counted impofiible to get more dug away as they lye Horizontally,
Plate out of it, and therefore all the they again begin to fink deeper, till
Mouths arc flopp’d up. they meet another ; and that being
However a new Mine was open’d fpent, down again; fo that this Work
cloft by it, eight Years fince, which has continuing above an Age, the Mines
yielded great Profit to the Owner,and muft of ncceffity be vaftly deep, as
is call’d, St. Matthew's Mine •, the Veins will appear by the following Cut.
o f Metal lying Eaft,aud Weft, which are
eafily found and dug. In this Mine, the A. The Mouth of the Mine,
which is fifty Efiadot deep (as above) B. Poles, or Timbers with Notches,
1 rcfolv’d to fee the Veins of Silver; very dangerous to go down.
but having gone down five Ladders, or C. Indians that carry up the Ore, with
Poles, I was aftonifh’d to fee how like- Light in their Hands.
ly it was to tumble down headlong. D . Veins of Metal, where other In -
Being therefore about going up again, diastsdig the Ore.
the M iner, who has the charge of
propping up the Mines, encourag’d me, See Cut, Page 522.
laying, there were but few Poles to
the bottom ; whereupon he going be- The worft: of it is, that tho’ the 1
fore with a Light in his Hand, 1 ven* wretched Indians carry Light; yet this
tor’d to go down the reft, tho’ with not fhowing them what is below,
much Fear •, beeaufe I fometimes found they are forced to ftt their Feet at a
it very difficult to clafp the Pole with Venture, and fo they fometimes tum­
my Arm s, and fix my Feet on the ble down, with the Metal on their
Notches on ic. However recommend- Backs. They would have carry’d me
ing my feif to Almighty God, I went to fee others, but I would not tempt
down three times as far as the Miner God any more. I return’d betimes, to
had told me, only to encourage me ; Pachuca, and din’d with L a v arras’s Soa-
fo I came at laft: to the Place where in-law.
the Miners with Iron Wedges made

•CH AP.

os
111
'ChaP:X. Of N E W S P A l N.
C H A P . X.
How the Silver is feparated from the Stone of the Mines, by Fire, and
Quickfilver.
a pter Dinner they carry’d me to
fee the Metal feparated at the
1K0S Silver W orks, whereof there are many
V T J . in Pacbuca. It is done after this man-
TheOre ner. When the Ore is brought out o f
broken, (he Mines they break it with Hammers,
to feparate the Metal from the Tepetate,
or Stone that has no Silver. T he Pip}-
natores, that is, the Men that break it,
being well skill’d in their Trade, put
the Metal which is for the Fire, and that
which is for the Quickfilver into feveral
Sacks} Experience teaching them how
to know the one from the other, and fo
fend it to the HazJcndas, or Mills.
Then There the Ore is ground, and pound-
pounded, ed in fix Iron Mortars, like thofe for
Powder, working like Mills with W a-
ter, or with Mules. In order to run it,
they mix with it a certain proportion o f
burning Lead (firft feparated from the
fame Metal) which is like a Letharge o f
Iron, and is put with an equal quantity
How run. o f int0 a Fumace, like a Chimney
twelve Spans high, and wider at the top
than the bottom. T w o great pair o f
Bellows blow this Furnace, two Mules
working the Engine that moves them •,
and whilft the firft Metal is melting,
they lay on more for about fix Hours,
When the Lead, and Silver are melted,
they take off the burnt Scum with a
Hook ; whilft the Silver is let run out
at the fmall end o f the Furnace, through
a Trough into a Mould, where it har-
dens-, and when Cold is taken out. Then
they Ihut the Spout o f the Furnace, and
lay on more Ore, Lead, and Coals as at
firft, to caft more Pigs, or Bars. The
burnt Lead, we have fpoke of, is Sold
by the Indians to their Mafters -, making
it in their Houfes, when they endeavour
, . to melt Silver by Stealth. When they
Refining. have made or 6o p igS) in a W eek’s
time, more or lels, according as the
Owner o f the W ork is in W ealth ; they
are put into another Furnace adjoyning,
to feparate the Lead, and refine them,
This Furnace is like our Ovens to bake
Bread in, with a Trench in the middle,
full o f wet Alhes moulded together to
receive the pure Silver. It is firft heat-
ed with a Wood Fire in another Furnace
adjoyning, call'd the refining Furnace ;
and when the Pigs are ready to run,
tliey clap great Bellows, like thole o f
/ S
§L
535
the firft Furnace, to it. Then the Sil-
ver running, the pure part o f it runs o ff
along the aforefaid Trench, and the
Lead or Earth drawn o ff with an Iron
Hook •, when Cold loaks like a Froth,
or Pumice Stone. This Froth o f the firft
and fecond running, is kept to ferve a-
gain in the Furnace where they melt the
Ore. . ,
Then the Pigs, or Bars o f pure Sil- Marking,
ver, weighing 80, or 10 0 Marks, ot
eight Ounces to a Mark, are carry’d to
the King’s Refiner or Allayer, who tries
whether they are Standard, that they
may be Coin’d. It they find them lb,
they are Mark’d, and the King takes his
F ifth i there being in all Places where
there are Mines a Treafurer, a Contro-
Ier, and another Officer call’d Official
Mayor, to receive the King’s Dues. If
they are not Standard, they are Refin’d
over again, and then Stamp’d, marking
how many Grains o f Gold there are in
every Mark, and if above forty, they
are carry'd to the King’s Refining Houfe
to be feparated. . .
If it is Pure, or Virgin O r e , the Courfc
Qnickfilver is us’d after this manner. Ore.
A fter being well pounded in the Mor-
tars above mention’d, into fine Powder,
and fitted, it is moulded 111 a ftrong
wooden Box, with W ater, Salt, and
the D rofs o f Copper, as if it were to
make a Clay to build Walls. This done
they add the Quickfilver to it, and tread
it for 24 Hours, fo that it may mix
through all the Mafs. Then they make
a Heap of it, under Covert, but open
to the Air on the fides, with a Mark to
know the Day it was made -, for every
two Days it muft be work’d up again
with W ater, be ftamp’d for 24 Hours,
and be put in the fame place.
All the Heaps, thus made, arc vifitcd,
as i f they were Sick Perfons, by the
Azogucro, or Quickfilver Man -, who
warning a little of that Mafs, by the Sil-
ver that remains clotted together in the
Di(h, and by the outward Heat ot all
the Heap, underftands what quantity or
Mercury, and o f Drofs ot Copper muft
be added to it, or taken from i t , be-
caufe too much Quickfilver makes it
turn Black, and it muft be cool’d with
the Oufe taken out ot neighbouring R i-
vers. I f it is Cold they add more Cop-
III ' <SL
536 A Voyage round the W O R L D.
< x u n per Drofs, becaufe the Quickfilver is no
G erne Hi. fermentative Menftruum, and it receives
lg & . but gives no Quality. Skilful Men fay,
^ Y X J That when the Mafs is of a Colour like
Bran, it ftiows there wants more Quick-
liiver} if of a Pearl Colour, that the
Work is in a good Condition •, if o f an
Alh Colour, that the Heap cannot be
better than it is. This Perfection it
conaes to in twenty Days, or a Month,
more or lefs, according to the Nature
of the Ore.
Walking, This Mafs, or Mixture is afterwards
wafli’d at the Lavader «, or Walhing-
place, with Band-wheels-, the Earth
thus walh’d running through Spouts into
three feveral VefTels, one under another,
that the Silver running off from the firft,
may (top in the fecond or third, from
the laft of which the Water runs out
through a Spout, and falls into a Place,
where the Women always find fome Snail
quantity of Silver.
The Silver that remains at the bottom
o f the VefTels, is put into a thin Cloth
Bag ending in a Point at the bottom,
that the M e r e a r y may drop out at the
Point, the Weight at top preffing it.
Yet only the fifth Part goes off this w ay;
for which reafon they ufe to put feveral
Balls of about three Pounds each, of
th3t lirft Pafte, or Jm a!?,m a , as the
Chymifts call it, into a Brafs or Earthen
Bell, or Crucible, with little Plates of
Iron acrofs the Mouth of it, that the
Silver may not fail when it is bardned.
Such another Bell is put into the Ground,
one third part of it full of Water *, and
then the Mouth of the other is fitted to
it fo exaftly that nothing may Evapo-
rate. Then they make a Cole Fire on
the uppermofl, till it is red H ot; which
isthefign that the Quickfilver is fepa-
rated, and the Silver alone remains in a
Body.
This is carry’d to the King’s Officers
to be Allay’d * and if not Standard, is
again run to Refine, and caff into Bars,
on which they put the Stamp to Ihow it
has paid the Fifth, and the Mark denot-
ing how many Grains o f Gold it con-
tains, as has been faid.
The Silver might be feparated in a
few Hours by only Fire, but then there
would be a great Lofs; on the other
hand it requires a whole Month to do it
with Quickfilver j and a greater Expence,
'CVo
Book I.
becaoJe the Mercury coming from Spain.,
or P e r u is very dear j they paying 84
pieces of Ei"ht the hundred Weight,
and being oblig’d to feparate an hun--
dred Marks with it. In my time I faw
300 pieces of Eight given for it j not
that the King fells it fo dear; but bc-
caufe his Officers fometimes make their
advantage of the neceffity of the Own-
ers of the Mines ; and this want of
Quickfilver is what Empoveriflies M e x -
ico . Hence it is alfo, that in N e w
S p a in for the King’s Fifth, they take but
Ten in the Hundred, and one call’d de
Cobos for the A j f a y e r , and other Officers,
by reafon of the great Expence the Pro-
prietors are at j whereas i a P e r u they
take Twenty in the Hundred to the full,
the Quickfilver being Cheap there. In
former times the Silver was feparated
with only Mercury, and Salt, and it lay
a whole Year ■, but afterwards a D o m i-
mean Friar made the Work ealier, by
the invention of the Drofs of Copper
which prefently heats the Mafs. *
There is one wonderful Particular to
be obferv’d in this Matter, and is, That
the Quickfilver receiv’d by the Water
in the lower Bell is found fo much fhoit
of what was put in, as is the Weight o f
the Silver gain’d by its means. And
therefore fome make a Queftion, whe-
ther the Mercury fixes, or whether eva-
porating, it confolidates the Silver. The
firfl is counted the more likely Opinion
becaufe o f the equality of the Silver
and o f the Mercury that is miffing. *
S a tu r d a y 20th, I fet out from P a c h u c a
betimes, and having travelfd 7 Leagues
din’d at the Inn of the Village Of T e -
fa y u c c a . Then riding two Leagues fur-
ther I lay at St. L u c i a , a Farm of the
J e f u i t s belonging to the Novicefhip of
T ep lo fetla n . This Farm contains many
Leagues of Failure, and Tillage. There
areon it about an hundred marry’dBlacks
who living in Cottages multiply, to the’
great Benefit of thofe Fathers; every
one being fold for 3, or 400 pieces of
Eight. They have about 140000 Sheep
and Goats; 5000 Horfes, and Mares;
and 10000 Cows, and Oxen. Thofe
that look after them, have the Tithe of
all the Increafe, which is bought by the
Fathers, at a fet Rate. S u n d a y H U I
travelfd feven Leagues on a pood Road
to M e x ic o .
A V O Y-
©

Chap 1. Of N E W S P A l n7 ^}T
*

A Voyage round the W orld by Johrt

Francis Gemelli Careri, P a rt I V ,
Containing the mod Remarkable Things he (aw in
N EW SPAIN. »
3 7 " __ B O O K E ——
C H A P . I.
Upon what Conditions the Mines are granted io Proprietors.

A N Y Perfon whatfoever that dif- for then he muft retire to his own ; or
Gemelli. coversaMine,whetherof Gold,Dig lower that the other may not meet
I 1*598. X J l, or Silver, may make his Ad van- him again Digging in the upper part.
^V V tage of it, paying the King the fifth If the lower Mine be drowned by any o f dreia-
toaU. Partof its Produft. A Mine forfaken Spring, as often happens, he that is a- ing.
by the firft Difcovercr for three Months, bove is oblig’d to give him the iixth
falls to the King 5 fo that any Man is Part of the Metal Ore he gets; and if
free to go dig in it, giving Notice to the Water breaking out in the upper
the firft Owner. If he oppofcs, and Ihould run into the lower, the Owner
Ihowing a Reafon, why he has not kept of the firft of them is bound to Drein
Men at Work, the Royal Court judges it, becaufe the Veins of Metal being like
whether his Oppofition is to take Place thofe in the Body, full of Moifture, and
or not Water inftead of Blood; when open’d
' How divi- The King gives 6 0 S p a m jb V a r a s , or they fend the Water down ; which if
ded. Yards, fuch Meafifre as above, towards it were not drein’d by the lower Miner,
every quarter of the Heaven from the the higher would be forced to do it.
Month of the Mine, or all on one fide, Thefe, as has been faid, pay the Tenth The
as the Miner likes beft; without which to the King, wherein they differ from King’s
Space another may open another Mine, the P e ru v ia n s , who pay the Fifth, as to De­
leaving five Yards between them td part Silver ; but as for Gold there is no Pri-
theirGround. As they fink under Ground, viledge, and they are all bound to pay
one may Work into the others Divilion, the Fifth,
till he meets with the others Workmen*

C H A P . II.
Of the M in t , a n d Royal Office of the A part ado, or Houfe to fepaute the Gold
from the Silver ,
A L L the Plate dug out of the Mines again entred in the Exchequer, there td
platens Jt \ in View S p a m is to come to M ex- pay td the King a Royal in a Mark,
entred. *co to he entred in the Exchequer ; and which the S p a n ia rd s call S en n o ra je , that
they fay there are two Millions of Marks is, the Duty of Lordfhip, to wit, when
of eight Ounces as has been laid, entred the Plate is fuch as they call d e ley C a n -
in a Year, befides what is flipt alide, or f a d a , that is, Bare Standard, which is
conceal’d ; and out of this Sum they Coin 2 2 10 M a r a t , ed its a Mark, and fo up to
every Year 700000 Marks into pieces df 2357 M a r a v e d ie s , call’d L e y S u b id a , that
Eight at the Mint. is, the High Standard. The King’s Offi-
Manner of The Silver that is to be coin’d into cers will not Mark it, unlefs it be fo
Coining, pieces of Eight, befides the firft En- Fine; and if it be otherwife, they firft
try to pay the King’s Fifth, is to be reduce it to the finenefs of 2376 M a r a -
Vdl. IV. Y yy

/ rt)
fD l
Nsn^^? .•e^^y'
<SL

^ A Voyage round the W O fL L£)• Book II.

^ Z V v e d u s , and Chen add to e v e ^ M ^ k l ^ T o the Treafurer 22 Maravedies, and Fees for
G on dii. eighth parts o f an Ounce of A lloy, to 12 0 Raciones, o r Parts. C° ‘ &
1608. reduce it to 2 2 10 M a r a v e d ie s fuch as d o the Allayer 1 M aravedi, and 60
is the Plate of the common pieces or Raciones.
E -,pht. The Owners are at the Charge T o the Cutter 5 Maravedies, and 60
o f this W ork in the Furnaces o f the Raciones.
Mint w h e r e a great deal o f Silver is lo ft T o the Efcrivano, or Clerk, 1 M ara-
in caftinp th e Bars, for want o f good vedi, and 60 Raciones.
U te n fils T h e f e Bars are carry’d to the T o the W eigher x M aravtdi, and 60
A l l a y e r , for him to fee whether they Raciones.
are Standard, that is, worth 2 2 10 M ara- T o one Guard 1 M aravedi, and 60
■ vedies a M ark} and he finding it right, Racwnes.
they are carry’d to the Ornazas, which T o another Guard 1 M aravedi, and
are the eight Places where they Coin. 60 Raciones.
In each o f them is a Capataz, or Head T o a Merino, or under C lerk, 16 Ra-
of T e n , or T w e lv e Men. T o him the clones.
Bars are deliver’d, being weigh’d by the T o an Alcade, 16 Raciones.
W eigher, and entred in their Books by T o the Capataces and Brazajereros,
the Clerk and Treafurer. Here the Bars that is, Heads o f the Firemen, and Fire-
are put into the Fire, that they may be men themftlves, 2 4 Maravedies.
Cut and when Cut, becaufe the Silver T o the Coiners 8 Maravedies.
is harfh, they are wetted with W ater, W h.ch in all make 68 Maravedies.
and being put into the Fire again are All the chief Officers, as T reafu rer,
Coin’d & A llayer, Cutter, C lerk , W eigher, two
c , * T he‘r e are five forts o f Mony made Guards, and two Alcades are appointed
Coin. there, which are pieces o f Eight, half by th eK in g, and all the Inferior are ap-
pieces o f Eight, quarter Pieces, fingle pointed by the T reafu rer, paying 3000
R oyals, and half Royals. W hen cut ac- pieces o f Eight. T h e firft are all liable
cording to their due W eight they return to pay for any Cheat or Fraud commit-
to the T reafu rer, who receives them at ted by their Companions, that they may
the Hands o f the fame W eigher, C lerk, all be a Check upon one another, and
and other Officers. T h e Mony coming this upon pain o f Death, particularly to
out Black by reafon o f the Copper, it is the Allayer. _
fent firft to the Whiteners j and then T h e faid principal Offices are bought, Officers of
naflins the Officers who are to fee it and every one has a right to make his the Mint
has the juft W eight o f 67 Royals to a over, or refign it to whom he pleafes.
Mark it is deliver’d to twenty Coiners But that this Refignation may Hand good,
who are together in a great Room. T o he that Reiigns muft live twenty Days
them m e deliver’d every D ay the five after i t , and he who has the Benefit ot
S tro p s call'd Trades ■, but at Night they it, is to make it known to the Viceroy
are carefully kept by the proper Officers within fixty D a y s ; and pay the third
upon Danger o f their Lives. T h e Mo- part o f the value ot the Place to the
ny being Stamp’d, returns to the T rea- K in g, and the Other two to the Owner,
furer, with all the Formality before-men- or his Heirs. If he that Refigns does
tion’d and he delivers it to the O wner, not L ive twenty D ays, or lie to whom
deducting what belongs to the Officers, it is made over does not make it known
viz. the Treafurer himfelf, the Allayer, in fixty, it is forfeited, and fold for the
Cutter C lerk , W eigher, two Guards, K in g, and therefore they that have the
and other under Officers, and twenty Places Relign them once a Month, that
Coiners. But this Deduftion is no Lofs they may always reckon they liv ’d twen-
to the Owner, becaufe it is taken out o f ty Days after. T h e 1 reafurer s Em- Va]ue of
two Royals added to the value o f the ployment is worth between 50 or 60000 theirPla-
Plate before it was Coin’d ; which being pieces o f Eight a Year. 1 liofe ot A f- ces.
worth 6 < Royals before it came to the fayer, and Founder (given for ever to
Mint according to the common W eight the Monaftery and Hermitage ot the
o f 34. Maravedies, goes thence worth Barefoot Carmelites o f M exico) being
67 Royals, according to the W eight o f ferv’d by the fame Perfon yield 15, or
3 3 Maravedies. T h is Increafe is d ivi- 16000 pieces ot Enffit. 1 hat o f Cutter
ded among the Officers by Maravedies 10 , or 1 1 0 0 0 } and the reft o f the great
and Raciones, that is, Shares, or Parts, ones abovemention’d, feme 3500, and
every Maravedi having 13 7 Raciones, or the worft o f them 800 pieces o f Eight
Parts as follows a Year. The Mailers o f the eight Fur-
* naces,
I® §L

Chap. HI. ~ Of K ~ E W S P A I N .
naces, and 20 Coiners, have every one
Gemelli. between 800 and 1 ooo Pieces of Eight a
1698. Year, and the meaneft Servants earn a
Piece o f Eight a Day. A good number
o f thefe being the Treasurer's Slaves, lie
makes the Profit o f their Places.
T h o ’ every private Cicizea that has
Hate. s ‘*ver may have it Coin’d into Mony,
yet the Mint is almoft continually Em-
p lo y’d by Merchants, and at prefeut
thereare three richer than the reft, who
buy the Metal o f private Perfons, who
are not fo rich ; paying two Royals Ihorc
o f the value in a M ark ; one that they
pay to the King for Senorage, or Duty
o f Lordihip, and the other for the coft
o f W o r k ; for whereas the value o f Stan-
dard Silver o f 2376 filar av edits, is eight
Pieces o f Eight and fix Royals a Mark,
they pay but eight Pieces o f Eight and
four Royals.
There being fonie G old, as has been
Separation ^ |,efore? mix’d with the Silver, it is
and Silver, feparated in another Place, call’d el A -
partado, or the Separation. Before the
Plate goes thither, it mull go to the Ex-
chequer to pay the Kings fifth, to be
then Pent thither. T h e Separation is
made in the aforefaid Houfe after this
manner. T h e Silver being run is con-
verted into little Balls, which are put in-
to Veflcls with Aquafortis to diifolve.
T h e Gold remains at the bottom o f the
Veflel like black Pow der; and the Aqua-
fonts containing the Silver is put into two
5^
Glafles with their Mbiiths together; by
the Spaniards tail'd Cbrnawfas. putting
Fire to it the Silver remains in one o f
the two Glafles, and the Aquafortis in
the other. T h e Gold is run in a Furnace,
and is firfl call into round Pieces, and
then into Bars, as is done with the Silver
fcparated from it. For this Trouble
there are fix Royals a Mark allow’d to
the Houfe del Apart ado, or of Separation,
Both the Gold and Silver return to the
Exchequer, where the firft appearing to
be 22, Carats fine, and the Silver 221O
Maravedies, it is ftamp’d, as has been
find above. The Office o f the Apart ador,
or Separator, belongs to a private Per-
Ion in Mexico,who bought it of the K ing
for 74000 Pieces o f Eight.
When the Gold is Coin’d, it is done
after the fame manner, as has been laid
o f the Silver ; and they may have Pieces
o f 1 6, o f 8, o f 4, and of 2 Pieces o f
Fight, which are call’d Crowns of Gold,
But there is a difference in the Fees, for
whereas the Silver pays 2 Royals a Mark,
the Gold pays three and a halt; the Mo-
ny being delivered out by a Weight
which is Ids than the common, by which
the Gold is receiv’d, as has been laid of
the Silver.
This is all I could learn touching this
matter, part o f which I was an Eye wit-
nefs to, and the reft was told me by D .
Philip de Rivas o f Sevil, who had been
Allayer 30 Years.

C H A P . Ill
' The Journal Continu’d.
P O N Sunday the 28th, I went to with eight other Ears joining to it, all
U divert me on the Canal of Xaniai- upon the fame Reed, a fufficient Argu*
ca in a Boat made of one Tree, call’d a ment of the Fruicfulitefs mf the Soil.
Canon. This being the only Diverfion Monday 29 th , five Thieves were
at Mexico-, there us’d to come aboard hang’d, a Spaniard, a Meftiz.o, a Mulato
there Men and Women, Young and Old, and two Indians. T he Spaniard had kept
Fair and Foul, with Garlands o f Flow- a McjHxat Woman, whereupon his Fa-
ers on their Heads; and fo go up and ther Confeffor prevail’d with him to
down the Canal, after filling their Bellies Marry her, which done the Criminal
withthofe wretched Dainties 1 havefpoke prefs’d to confumate the Marriage, plead*
of before, which are fold along the Banks, ing the legality o f it, and was fo eagerly
I f they would cleanfe the Canal and make bent upon it, that the Prleft had much
convenient Boats, this would be a plea- difficulty to diflwade him, tho’ he was to
fant Diverfion. I went in the Canon as be executed the next Morning, which
far as the Village o f Ifiacalco, which in was done accordingly, they beingcarry’d
t.he Mexican Language fignifies, the white to Execution Clad in W hite, with Caps
Houfe. The W ater o f this Lake being on their Heads, on which was the Crois
boil’d with a fort o f Earth they call Te- o f the Brotherhood o f the Mtfericordta.
chifchite, or o f Saltpeter, and run o ff It is the Cuftom there when any are
through a Pipe, makes Salt. By the way Hang’d to pulldow n their Feet by a
I faw an Ear o f Corn like a Pyramid, Chain they carry dragging with them.
VoL IV . Y y y 2 Tutfday

1 •
 —< V \ 1

t(t)|

“ J5 ~ ^ Voyage round the VV O R L D. Book il.

------ ---------------— - ' Z r ~ 7 rr ;j,,v ioth, there was new Barley and
Tuefday 30th, J^ / a r e / » ^ i W heat in the Market, but the
G me///. Leagues trom the City,; wf T ef with fcarcity was yet fo great, that the Magi-
1698. feveral pretty Country H° u , ftrates were fain to deliver it out to many
Fountains and Gardens, and par thoufands o f Indians by meafure, as they
ly the Count dc Santiago's Olive-Garden, thouianas or T, th
which at prefent is going to Ruin. Tharf- faw ^ e g r e a J who h/d been
day the 2d of May, I went t o & C t f j v ice r o T ^ « ^ or tiU thc new Vice’
half a League from Mexico to fee the viceroy p ^ at’tended out o f T own
Houfe and Garden of D. /«£ J j bvhim and had the right Hand, abun-
the firlt finely Furnifh d, the fecon Y ^ J f the Mobility, and great Officers
full o f pleafant Fountains. following in their Coaches. Sunday 12th,
man ^ e p s his Coach and fix a n d je n d s m o ^ o f th c-
6000 Pieces of Light a Y r,, leftine a Provincial, which is alternative,
any other Revenue, but what he has from g choofe a Spaniard, and
Girds and Dice, V fan e Nights He w ,„s h « <* j ^ ^
30000 Pieces ot Eight. ,, T l pya„cifcans choofe one time a Spam-
F r id y 3d. I wear to next theSon o f a born
the iPedregal de S. Angel, that is, a irony » third time a Spaniard that
fpot o f Ground, extending two Lleague , t h ^ Mm-
which they fay was made by the eiup • <y and Wedne[da\, there were
on o f a burning Mountain; bat found a ® i W eek, but
o oSp ort The next Day 1 faw h F a ™ F^em on^bem ^ ^
o f the Jefiuts ot Manila, which th y 8 Col,egian was examin’d in the
bought for idoooo Pieces ° f • [/ niv’erfity, in order to take his Degree
T here was a good Houfe anJ they w eie Bucheior in philofophy. T hey who
building the Hofptuum, or Place to en judges argu’d againft him.
tertain the Fathers that e r a f i f e Spmn w^ re^ ° ftbe ^ V p rffe fT o r, beinga religi-
to go to the on Man o f lie Order o f the Mercenan-
27 th, I faw 45000 Marks o f Silver car- on Man or 1 above hi and
r y ’d into the Mint brought from W in ^ o n hh Bead a Priefts Cap fuch as
Carts, a Journey o f fix M ontta An they ufe in Spain, with fome purple T ufts
Wedmfday 8th, 236 Marks o f Gold 22 in philofophy/and two
Carats fine from 5 . Lm sde Poetujp to be on it, #
Coin’d into Spanijb Piltoles. f r/ v f -phe Doctors o f the C ivil Law wear them
go. ' / * * R d, th o ?io f .h= CnnnonLnw Green,
thers o f Bethlem, tor the uleoi hck i cr « r phvlick Yellow. T he
fool that arc Recovering. There were “ tL S i d « e , when he

tta Religious had been and the Ceremony ended with

tides, where they place the dead fitting. Profelfion.

CHAP. IV.
The Description o f the Herm itage of the Barefoot C arm elites.

H ^ L l 0^ anC ^
B d l ^for AcL
^ Tee t S Hermitage o f that Order, mittance; the Monaftery being a full
w hich^not to be feen wichonc his
^ h ^ S r b ^ N ig h C *e and he return'd with the K ey. T h e Fa-
came to it an Hou ° u therReftor and fome other religious Men

iiS s f s
it paiihblc. Being come to the Gate o f m
mitones. Trh c firft
n is fmalland
M i
has hve
CP §L
Chap. 1V7 Of N E W S P A I N. ~ " 54t~
Altars modeftly adorn’d, and in it is the Pieces o f Eight upon W alling in fo great
Gerntili. Burial Place o f the Founder and his Fa- a T r a d o f Ground ; and then prefented
1698. mily. In the Dormitories the R oof is the Monaftery with the Employments of
low and the Cells fmall. A t fmall di- Allayer and Founder (as has been ob-
TheHoufe ftances there are fmall Oratories, where ferv’d above,) which are worth near
the Fathers may fay Mafs when they 16000 Pieces of Eight. So that calcula-
pleafe. There is a good Library, and ting the whole Expence as near as a Man
a Garden that produces nothing but A p - can guels, it amounted to about 600000
pies and Rofes. Befides the Monaftery \ Pieces o f Eight, which he got by his ln-
there are nine folitary Places to which genu icy in theaforefaid Imployment, for
the Fathers may retire in Lent7 Advent, he came poor out o f Spain, His W ife
or any other time. In each o f thefe isa Da. Mariana Nino was 'alfo a Benefa-
little Cell, with a Kitchin, and a little ftrefs to the Order, Founding the Col-
Garden with Fruit and Flowers, W a- lege o f S. Annl> to which out of her
ter’d by a clear cooi Fountain, Here the Portion flic left a fufficieat Revenue for
Fathers may not eat fo much as Filh, but the Maintenance o f the Fathers,
only Fruit and Cheefe, or at moft boil’d There is no reafon to think this ftrange,
Herbs They pray at the f ime time as becaufe many other Spaniards from mean A won-
• thole in the Monaftery, being govern’d Beginnings have arriv’d to vaft W ealth,
by the fame Bell. and then fimfti’d prodigious W orks. A - *
All the Ground belonging to this Mo- mong the reft one James dclCaJhllo, born thing,
naftery being about 7 i..e .gutt, is en- at Granada, coming poor out of Spain,
fcnciouire. q WIlh igoocl W all of Lime and laid the Foundation of his Fortune by
Stone. W ithin it there are vaft high following the T fade o f a Bravicr, and
Mountains cover’d with tall thick Pine- in progrefs o f Tim e came to be worth
T rees, and a few Fir-T rees •, fo that above a Million o f Pieces of Eight, built
the enclos’d Deer, Lions, T igers and the great Monaftery of Cbiribufco o f the
Rabbets, have liberty enough and come Order o f S. Peter de Alcantara, a League
under the Windows ol the Monaftery. from Mexico •, that of S. Elizabeth o f
I hapning to kill a D eer, the Fathers Barefoot F>ancifcan N u n s, within the
were very much difpleas’d, it being for- C ity } and that of S. Agnes. AUei all
* bid to kill any Creature there. this vaft Expence, when he dy d, he
The moft wonderful thing is, that e- left a Million to D . Dominick de la Rea,
rm w f ver fince the firft Founding o f this Soli- Knight of the Order of Santiago, or 5.
tude, there have always been twoCrows Ja m es} who had Marry d a young Maid
there, which fuffer no others from a- kept out o f Charity by CaJHllo.
broad to come in } but as foon as their Jofeph de Retes, Knight of the Order Another,
own Young are able to fly, drive them o f Santiago, after building a Nu nnery of
away. The Cook calls them with a the Invocation of S. Bernard, left a M u-
W hiftle, and they come audfeed, and lion to his Daughter, who obtaining the
then fly away into the Wood. T he Seat Pope’s Difpenfation, marry’d her Coufin
is Melancholy and llnwholfome, by rca- D . Dominick de Retes, Knight o f the O r­
ion o f the continual Fog riling every der o f Alcantara and Marques of Xorge.
Morning from the Rivers and Valleys a- His W ife dying without Blue he reftor d
b o u t; and therefore the Fathers fuffer the Million Portion } and yet was not
much who refide there. left Poor, for his Brother D . Jofeph de
A t a fmall diftance from it is a Moan- Retes, had left him 150000 I leces of
. tain, call’d of the Idols, bccaufe former- Eight. . ' „ _ • \
Wount?m j }ie j rlj ; ans Sacrificed there. There D . Francis Canales, Knight o f the C r> GreatCha-
of idols, y be fecn fome little Idols o f der o f Calatrava, having made his W ife nty.
Clay in the hollow o f a low ancient W all y Heirefs o f all he had, which amounted
and fome Indians who are not well to 600000 Pieces o f E igh t, lhe tho left
prounded in the Faith, go thither to make Young, defpihng many rich and noble
their abominable Offerings. Perfons who courted her for a W ife,
The Hermitage was Founded on the gave all fhe had to the io o r, and in the
TheFoua- ■ . j amary i6 o 5 , under the Invo- Year 16 9 5, becamea Nun, to the great
A cation o f our Lady o f Carmen, or the Car- Edification o f all People, in the Monafte-
melites, by D. Melchior Queliar an Eu~ ry o f the Capucin Nuns. Ih isN u u n e -
rocean, who liv’d ia the City o f the An- ry was Founded by Simon de Haro, as
pels. Befides the building o f the Mona- was that o f the Conception, and yet this
iferv and felling Revenues to maintain Has0 brought nothing out of Spain but
the religious Men, he lay’d out 26000 the Cloaths On his Back. Domini qY

: )

sv? f t \
| 'T 7
4ni>-■"■- »i■■■■"" —im m
ui■ —
".*•" !■">■!■in—1 '"
542 A Voyage round the W O R L D.
Dominick Laurcncana coming Poor in-
Gemelli, to the Indies, acquir’d lb much W ealth,
1698. that he built the famous Monaftery o f
the Incarnation •, and afcerwards a Nun
o f the fame, without letting it be known
who did it, built the Nunnery o f I 'd -
Vaneda.
John Navarro P a p ana, by no better
a Trade than a Coachman, got fo many
I pieces o f Eight, that he built the Nun-
neries o f St. Jofeph de Gracias, and that
o f the Conception.
Stephen de Molina Mofquera, tho’ he
had builc the Church and Nunnery o f
S t.Terefa, yet at his Death he left 100000
pieces o f Eight.
D. Mark de Guevara made the Aque-
duff o f Mexico, a League in length,
which was a vail Expence by reafon o f
the many Arches it lies upon. As an
acknowledgment for his good W ork he
was made Alguazil Mayor ■, and had place
in the Chapter for him and his Heirs. I
pafs by many other Inftances to avoid
C H A P . V.
What more the Author fans during his Stay at Mexico.
JSfctpufaj- IT fR A a y 24th, I went to Efcapufalco to
«. fee whether there were any Foot-
Iteps left o f the Palace o f the King fo
call’d. Having rode a Mile and a half
out at the Qparter of St. Cofmo, 1 came
to the little Village o f that Name, which
is a Parilh o f the Dominicans, where I
found no other Stru&ure o f Stone, but
a little Monaftery o f that Order, no
bigger than for five Friars, and a very
plain Church with twenty Altars in it.
T he Palace we may fuppofe was deftroy’d
by the firft Conquerors. Calling as I
return’d in at the Hofpitium o f the Do-
minicans call’d St. Hyacinth, the Vicar in
the Garden Ihow’d me that fo highly va-
Cochinilk. lu’d Cochinille, for dying Scarlet. T here
were certain W orms o f an Alh colour
flicking to the Leaves •, thefe he told me,
when ripe, they Ihook o ff upon a Cloth,
and when dry they turn Scarlet. The
greateft quantity o f them is gather’d in
the Province o f Vguaxaca, or rather Gu-
axaca, famous for good Chocolate.
TheRoyal Saturday 25th, the Viceroy remov’d
Palace, to the New Palace, Re-built after it had
been Burnt. They fay this belongs to
Cortes, and that for the Viceroy’s greater
Conveniency it was exchang’d for that
o f Montezuma, which belong’d to the
King. W hilll the Royal Palace was R e-
building, the Marquefs dclNalle, Succef-
l * '
fs k
‘
Sl
' '" " '' ' 'L' ' ~ ~ ~
Book 11.
being tedious \ and think it enough to
fay, That all that is great and mag-
nificent in the Structures of the Indies
( which coft four times as much as they
do in Europe) is all the W ork o f Euro-
peans and Spaniards, who by their Indu-
ftry have rais’d their Fortunes there.
_ It being forbid to ftay above 24 Hours
in that folitary Place, we return’d upon
Monday 20th, by the way o f Santa Fe,
to fee the Source o f W ater that goes to
Mexico, which is two Leagues from the
Hermitage. It rifes at the foot o f a
Mountain, and is convey’d into open
Troughs about a League from Mexico \
and then into clofe Pipes which convey
it to all the Quarters o f the City. Near
the Spring is the Houfe where Gregory
Lopez., Born at Madrid, led an eremiti-
cal exemplar Life for feveral Years. A
Mexican Lady built an Oratory there,
and a convenientHoufe for any that would
go thither to fay Mafs. That Night we
return’d to Mexico.
for to Cortes, gave the Viceroy Houfc-
room Gratis in that we have mention’d
o f Montezuma, oppofite to the Cathe-
dral. T h e faid Royal Palace has a Front
to the great Square, nothing Inferior to
that o f Naples * the beautiful Simmetry
o f open W indows, or Balconies fupply-
ing the want o f curious carv’d W ork ;
and the want o f other Ornaments being
fufficiently recompenced by its being
Square, with a Court in the middle, and
two towards the great Square, on which
there are fmall Brafs Guns, to make ufe
o f in cafe o f any Mutiny.
From the great Court, there is a pair
o f Stairs (like that o f the Palace at N a -
pies) leading to the Apartments, which
are not only beautiful, but many and
large. T he Courts o f Juftice are a-part,
and is the Corps de garde for thofe few
Soldiers that Mount. The Viceroy in
the Morning went to the Court o f C ri-
minal Caufes, in order to the Goal-D e-
livery for Whitfontide, and took his Seat
between five Oydores, or Judges o f the
Royal Court, and five Alcades de Corte.
There were 400 Prifoners S/wwiWr, and
all for Theft j for living Idle, and like Many
Vagabonds, they mull Steal, and Cheat Thieves,
to Live and therefore tho’ a Stranger
be never fo much upon his Guard, he
will never get out o f Mexico without
lofing
1
{($%
C b a p ._ V . ~ "
*V A -* lo fin g fom e M o n y o r E q u ip a g e ; f o r th e y
Getnelh. are fo E x p e r t a t L y in g , th at th ey w i l l
16 9 8 . d e c e iv e a M a n , th o’ n e v e r fo G u n n in g ,
v-/^ r U T h e y had ra th e r be P o o r and N a k e d chan
fo llo w a n y T r a d e , o r S e r v e r an d y e t
th e y m a y g e t fo u r tim e s as m uch as in
Spain. I f V a g a b o n d s w e r e taken u p as
is P ra ftis ’d in o th e r C o u n trie s, P e o p le
m igh t liv e fa fe in th eir H o u fe s ; b u t, as
it is, th o’ th ey be tout, th ey are n o t f a f e ;
th e T h ie v e s m aking th e ir w ay in a t th e
to p s, o r e lfe b u rn in g th e D o o rs . Be-
fides in the D a y tim e n o P u rfe is fa fe in
th e C h u rc h , th ey a re fo v e r y D e x t r o u s ;
and one D a y I la w m y S w o rd taken fro m
m y fide. T h o ’ this w a s a D a y o f M e r -
c y , y e t v e r y lit t le w a s fh ew n b y the
V ic e r o y and M ini Iters j m e n tio n in g
o f w hom p u ts m e in m in d , th a t w h en
a n y o f them is D y in g , th e V ic e r o y is
o b lig ’d , b y fp e c ia l O rd e r from rhe K in g
to g o V ifit , and ask w h e th e r he has a n y
th in g th at lies upbn his C on feren ce to
d ife o v e r to him ■, and w h en he is D e a d he
is to atten d the B o d y to th e C h u rch .
Trinity Wednefdm the 5 th o f Ju n e, I fa w th e
Hofpital. H o fp ita l o f the B lefed Trinity , w h ich is
o n ly fo r lick F r ie d s , o f a n y N a tio n w h a t-
fo e v e r. T h e C h u rch is w e ll a d o rn 'd
w ith 2 i A l t a r s g ilt . T h e In firm a ry
h o ld s ab ou t t w e n ty B e d s, and is f e r v ’d
w ith g re a t C h ar icy and N e a tn e fs. T h e r e
is an A p a rtm e n t fo r th e S u p e r io r , a n d
foin e L o d g in g s fo r th e C h a p la in s ; as a l-
fo to cu re M ad M en . T h e L ic e n tia te
D . Alfonfo Gomez, m ade a P re fe u t ro th is
ch a rita b le P la ce o f th e t w e lv e P ift u r e s
o f the A p o ltlc s o f a g r e a t V alu e. Thurf-
Corpus day 6 th , a g a in # th e P roceflio u o f Corpus
chrifti C hrifii all th e S tre e ts an d W in d o w s o f
Proceflion. thc C i t y w e r e ric h ly a d o rn ’ d w ith trua-
g e s , C a rp e ts , and Q u ilts , w h ich t o g e -
th e r w ith th c gre en H e rb s and b e a u tifu l
F lo w e r s , m ade a d e lig h tfu l S h o w . l a
th e S ilv e r-fm ith s S tre e ts w as the C o n -
q u e ll o f M exico cu rio u fly p ain ted , w ith
th e H o u fes e x a & Iy as th e y w e re th en ,
and th e H abics the Indians then w o r e ,
T h e P ro ceflio n b e gan w ith ab o u t r o o
Im ages a d o rn ’ d w ith F lo w e r s , then fo l-
lo w ’d the B ro th e rh o o d s, and R e lig io u s
o f all O rd e rs , e x c e p t the Jefuits an d G < r-
melites, T h e n cam e the C annon s c a r r y -
in g the B lefled S acram en t o n a th in g lik e
a B ie r. T h e la f l w e r e the A r c h b ilh o p ,
th e V ic e r o y , the M in iflr y , M a g iftra te s
o f the C it y an d N o b ilit y .
§L
'y f W W W ~ Y P ~ A ~ ~ 5 4 ^ '
F rid a y 7th , [ w e n t to th e M o fla fte ry Cmts%
o f S t. Francis the G rea t, to fee th e T o m b Tomb,
o f Ferdinand Cortes, th e C o n q u e r o r o f
M exico. O n th e rig h t H an d o f the H ig h
A l t a r w as his P id u r e u n d e r a C a n o p y ;
an d a lit t le h ig h e r than th e G ro u n d a
T o m b , w h ere he to ld m e th e b o n e s o f
th a t g r e a t C o m m an d er w e re p r e f e r v ’d ,
n o t y e t hon o urably b e llo w ’d. T h e F e a l t
o f S t. Peter and St. Paul b e in g th e 2 9 t h ,
w a s kep c in the C a th e d ra l, th e high A l -
t a r b e in g fo r ic h ly ad o rn ’d , th at it w a s
v a lu ’d at 1 5 0 0 0 0 p ieces o f E ig h t , th e
C h a lic e alo n e, w h ich w as le t w ith E rn e -
ra id s h avin g c o lt 1 1 0 0 0 . Sunday b e iq g
th e la lt D a y o f the M o n th , I w e n t in a
C o ach t o th e Alam eda , (w h ic h is the
P la ce to tak e th e A ir lik e th e P a rk In
London) all th e D iv e r fio n th ere is ab o u t
a F o u n t a in , becaufe th e re a re fe v e r a l
W a te r-w o rk s. T h e B afo n is o f B r a fs ,
m uch b e tte r than th at in th e m id d le o f
th e g r e a t Square,
T h e r e h a v in g been a p le n t ifu l H a r­
v e il o f th e G r a in th e y call de Riego, t h a t ^
is , w hich com es up w ith w a t e r in g , th e
V ic e r o y on Monday the i l l o f Ju ly , fe n t
fo r ail th e B a k e rs an d F a rm e rs, and d e -
fir ’ d them to m ak e the B read o f th e
W e ig h t it u s’d to be ; and th e m o re t o
O b lig e th em , tre a te d th em w ith B is k e ts
an d C h o c o la te , b e in g b y h im fe lf all th e
w h ile . T h e y p ro m is’d f a ir ly , whillfc
t h e y w e re D r in k in g , b u t w e re v e r y u n -
w illin g a fte rw a rd s to be as g o o d as t h e ir
W o rd s b ein g u s’d to g e t h a lf in h a l f 3
o r e lfe th e y co u ld n e v e r w e a r C lo a th s
w o r t h 4 o r 5 0 0 p ieces o f E ig h t .
Tuefday 2 d , b e in g th e V ifita tio n o f Collegeof
th e B le lfe d V ir g in , th e V ic e r o y an d h is Orphans.
L a d y w en t to th e C o lle g e o f th e M a id s
o f St. Elizabeth, w h e re th e y w e re e n t e r -
ta in ’d. H e re 2 6 O rph an s a re m a in ta in ’d
b y th e B ro th e rh o o d o f th e B lefled S a c ra -
m e n t, w h ich a llo w s e v e r y o n e o f th em
1 4 R o y a ls a W e e k , and 5 0 0 p ieces o f
E ig h t P o rtio n w h en th e y M a r r y . H o w -
e v e r th e y h ave a C h an ce to p a rta k e o f
o th e r P o rtio n s g iv e n in o th e r C h a rita b le
P la c e s.
Saturday 6 th , I w e n t to th e C o lle g e
o f Am or de Dios, o r the L o v e o f G o d ,
w h ich has 3 6 0 0 0 p ie ce s o f E ig h t a Y e a r
o f R o y a l Foun dation to be fp e n t in th e
C u re o f thofe th at h a ve th e French D i -
fe a fe .
C H A P .
5m

■ -------- ----- ----------------__ ----------------------------------------- --------— ----- --- ------------------ -------- --------
544 A Voyage round the W O R L D,
C H A P . VI.
The Tunerd of the Lady Faufta Dominica Sarmiento, Grandchild in the fifth
Defcent of Montezuma ; alfo the Teftival of Sf.Hippolito, and Pendon.
) / ‘' \ N T u e fd a y 16 th , d y ’ d the L a d y Fan-
Gemelli. V ^ / ft * Dominica Sarmiento, G ra n d ch ild
itfp 8 . in the fifth D efcent to the E m p e ro r M on-
tezjtma, and D a u gh te r to C oun t M onte-
p refe nc V ic e ro y . She w as b u t
spring " ei§ ht: Y ears o f A g e , and by her D eath
1 a R even u e o f 4 0 0 0 0 pieces o f E ig h t a
Y e a r fhe had in the Indies, fell to h er
y o u n g er S iftep F o r the clearin g o f h e r
G e n e a lo g y the R e a d e r is to underftand
th at th e E m p ero r Altmtezuma, am o n g
his m any W iv e s , had one call’d M iya-
hnaxochite, w ho w as alfo his N ie c e , as
b eing the D au gh ter o f his B ro th er Jx tlil-
cuechahuac. B y her he had a Son, w h ofe
N a m e w as T he a hue pantzinyohualyca bua
catzin, who w as a fte rw a rd s B a p tiz ’d,
and to o k the N am e o f Peter. H e took
to W if e the L a d y Magdalen Quayauh-
xocitl, his ow n C oufin, ( a s b ein g the
D a u g h te r o f Tlacahucpan, third B ro th er
to Montezuma) o f w hom w as B o rn D .
Jam es Luis lkuil Ttmottzin, w h o m a rry ’d
in Spain. F rom him are defeended the
C o u n ts o f Montezuma, Tula, & c. to
w h om th e K in g 's E xchequ er o f Mexico
p a y s 4 0 0 0 0 pieces o f E ig h t a Y e a r. B y
another W ife , w h o fe N am e they fa y w as
Teitalco (w hich it is lik e ly has been ill
S p e lt, becaufe it is no Mexican N a m e )
Montezuma had a D au gh ter call’d at firft
Tecuhich potzin, and when B a p tiz ’d E li-
zabeth. H er firft Husband w as her U n -
cle Cuitlahuatzin, w h o ought to have fuc-
ceeded Montezuma in the E m p ire , had
not Quahtimoc ufurp’ d it. H erfeco n d H us-
band w as Quauhtemottzin 1 after w h o le
D e a th Ferdinand Cortes g a v e her in M ar-
ria g e to D . Jlonfo de Grados, w h o had
no IITue b y her. She had to her fo u rth
H usband Peter Gallego de Andrada , fro m
him are defeended the Andradas Monte-
zumas, now liv in g in Mexico. H er fifth
H usband w as John Cano, from w hom
com e th e Cams Montezumas.
The Fu- T h is L a d y , ab ove-m en tio n ’d , h e r F u -
neral. nerai w a s put o f f to the n ext D a y , be-
in g Wednefday 1 7 t h , and in the m ean
w h ile all the Bells in the C ity ru n g P eals,
A b o u t ten in the M o rn in g all th e R e li-
gio u s O rd ers in the C it y cam e to th e P a-
lace to P ray for her Soul. She la y on
the lam e Brocard B e d , on w hich her M o -
ther d y ’d , under a C a n o p y , in a R o o m
hung w ith D am ask. T h e n all th e R e li-
gious, N o b ility , and O fficers cam e to
| sV9
| ( 7 ' „fc,
<SL
I
----- 'm~*
Book11.
attend the Fu n eral. T h e firft: that to o k
u p the B o d y w ere the Ju d ges o f th e R o y a l,
and C rim in al C o u rts, who upon occafion
rep refen t but one B o d y , a fte r them the
O fficers o f the C o u rt o f Cuentas, and
E xch e q u er took it, then the M ag iftrates
o f th e C it y , and la ft ly fo u r Dominicans.
N e x t the B o d y m arch’d the Spanijh
C o m p an y w ith th eir A rm s re v e rs ’d , and
D ru m s unbrac’d ; and then the D o fto rs
o f the C iv il and C anon L a w , a n d o f P h y -
lick , being d iftin d p arts o f the lln iv e r -
fity , w ith their M ace-bearers. T h e n fo l-
lo w 'd the M ag iftrates o f the C ity and
C o u rts, in their p ro p e r P laces, and laft-
ly the V ic e ro y N e p h e w clad in fad C o -
lou r. B y the w a y th ere w ere three C a -
n opies ere& ed upon Scaffolds o n ly fo r
S h o w ; not that th e B o dy w as to be fet
dow n there. A ll th e R e lig io u s, w ith
th e C le r g y , and C h a p te r, b ein g com e
to St. Dominick the Great? the Body w as
fe t upon a high M aufoleum , w ith a G a r ­
land o f F lo w e rs, as b ein g a M aid ; and
the M afs being S u n g, the F oo t-com p an y
that w as in the C h urch -yard g a v e tw o
V o l le y s ; tor at th eE levatio n n othing w as
done but o n ly the E n lign flo u riffi’d the
C o lo u rs n ear the high A lta r. T h e n the
B o d y w as c a rry ’d to be B u ry ’d in the
C h ap p e l o f Peter Montezuma, b efo re
fp o k en of. T h e A r m s o f this F am ily
a re an E a g le w ith h er W in g exten ded
to w a rd s the Sun, and Indian F ig s about
her.
Monday 29 th , I w e n t to the H o fp ital Notable
o f the L o v e o f G o d to fee D . Charles Charity.
Siguenza y Gongora, o f whom I had the
C u ts I have in ferted in this V o lu m e, and
foun d him Bu fy d iftrib u tin g a P u rfe o f
an hundred Pieces am ong the P o o r. In -
q u irin g o f him ab o u t that D . Francis de
A guiar y Seixos Gallego, the A rch b ilh op
o f M exico , p ro v id e d fuch a Purfe e v e ry
Monday to be d iftrib u ted am ong p o o r
W o m e n , that co u ld n ot W o r k ; and
that w ith his o w n Hands he g a v e tw o
p ieces o f E ig h t to e v e ry P erfo n reco ­
v e r ’ d a fte r Sicknefs, that c a rry ’d a C e r-
tificate from the H o fp ital. T h is good
P re la te in the Y e a r give s about 10 0 0 0 0
p ieces o f E ig h t m o re than his R even u e
in C h a rity ; fo r befides what has been
fa id , he D iftrib u te s 10 0 P ieces e v e ry
Friday in his P alace, and e v e ry D a y 2 0
B u lh els o f Indian W h e a t, which colt 8 0
pieces
/Y y~ ^ s\
111 .-qy^X
Chap,Vii. 0 / 1V~£IT gy I m
r v A - o pieces o f E igh t. H e allow s the H o fp i-
Gemelli. tal o f the T r in it y 3 0 pieces a D a y 9 a -
i<Jp8. m ong all the Sick 2 Pieces 9 to the D ead
U ' W J 1 2 R o y als 9 to p riv a te p o o r M en and
W om en about 3 0 0 0 Pieces e v e ry firit
D a y o f the M onth.
Friday the pth o f Augnjl, g o in g to the
C o llege o f St. Ildephonfus to fee fom e A n -
tiquities 9 I found on the E aft fide o f it ,
fom e'antient Stones, upon one o f which
there w ere Figu res and H iero glyp h ick s
c a rv ’d 9 and am ong the re ft an E a g le
w ith Leaves o f the Indian F ig -tre e about
it 9 and another on the W a ll, befides
c ir c le s , and other F igu res. D . Charles Si-
guenz.a, a g re a t A n tiq u ary in w hat con-
cerns the Indies, told m e, thofe w ere
the rem ains o f a T e m p le o f HnitzJli-
pochtli, dedicated in the Y e a r 14 8 5 9 be-
caufe by other Pictures, and antient P ie-
ces o f the H eathen T im e s, it ap p ear’d
that T e m p le had flood there 9 but 0 -
thers w ill have it, that it flo o d w h ere
n ow the Cathedral is. Both may be tru e,
fo r it m ight be fo larg e as to reach to
both Places. Saturday 10 t h , I faw fom e
Indians that k ill’d the leaft Bird s upon
the higheft T r e e s w ith P ellets lhot out
o f T ru n k s.
Solemnity, On Monday 12 t h , a fter Vefpers began
de/Pewdow, the Solem nity, they call del Peudon, o r
or ° i jhe t *ie Standard, which is the greateft
Standard, j s kept in Mexico, in M em ory o f
the Conqueft o f Mexico , w hich fell out
upon the D ay o f St. Hippolitus. A ll the
M agiftrates o f the C it y , and G en tlem en
invited by them being A fiem bled, they
took up the Standard w ith which Cortes
conquer’d M exico, and w en t to the V ice -
r o y ’s Palace, w h ere they found all the
C H A P . VII.
Of the Sport the Spaniards call la Gamita.
W ild in- TV / T Onday 26 th , I fet ou t o f Mexico
diins. JLVA w ith fome Friends to Ihoot D e e r,
but finding none w here w e expected on
Tuefday 2 7 th , w ent aw ay upon Wednef-
day 2 8 th , to the V illag e o f St. Jerome,
inhabited by Ottomito Indians, w here w e
w e re fain to m ake ufe o f an In te rp re ter,
becaufe they underftand not the M exi-
can Language. T h e fe W retch es, lik e
m any m ore in New Spain, liv e rather
lik e Beafts than M en, am ong frig h tfu l
M ountains. T h e y liv e the m oft o f the
Y e a r upon H erbs, becaule they have no
Indian W h e a t, b y reafon they T il l but
little Land, and are given to Idlenefs,
T h e T e a rs flo o d in m y E yes to fee them
V o l. I V .
’ <SL
5If
O fficers o f State. H ere th e Proceffion
began after this m anner. F ir ft w ent fo u r
K e ttle -D ru m s upon tw o A lfes ( B e a ft s
efteem ’d in A m erica ) then fo llo w ’d the
T ru m p e ts, 1 2 Alguaz.Ha on H orfeback,
and the C ities tw o M ace-bearers 9 then
the G e n try and M ag iftrates o f the C ity*
and then all the K in g ’ s O fficers, and a -
m ong them the Standard, c a rry ’d by a
M agiftrate o f the C ity . In all th ey w e re
about an H undred, ill m ounted. T h e y
w e re all difpleas’d at the/V iceroy fo r r e -
fufing to go w ith them , co n trary to the
K in g ’s O rd ers, which p articu larly en­
jo y n him’ to mount and attend the Stan-
d ard , go in g on the left Hand o f it 9 and
therefore to om it, it is reckned an O f-
fence he m ay be call’d in Q ueftion fo r.
I t w as faid he R aid at H om e fo r fear*
h avin g fallen from his H o rfe at his E n -
t r y . H aving le ft the Standard in the
Church o f Sc. Hippolitus, they all retu rn ’d
in the fame O rd er to the P alace. T h e
lam e C om pany heard Mafs on Tue/day
1 3 th, being the D a y o f St. Hippolitus, and a rich
then ca rry ’d back the Standard. Thurf- im age,
day 15 th , was t h e F e f liv a lo f the AJfitmp-
tion o f o u r L a d y , w hen h er Im age w as
c a rry ’d in Proceffion, being a ll o f bea-
ten G o ld , fe t w ith D iam onds and R u ­
bies. It w eigh s, w ith the fo u r A n g e ls
a t its F eet 6 9 8 4 Cafiellanos o f G o ld , and
th e whole V a lu e o f it is about 3 0 0 0 0
pieces o f E igh t. It belongs to the C a -
th ed ral, w here there are o th er precious
R e lic k s, rich Fu rn itu re, and V elfels o f
S ilv e r and G o ld . H ere fe v e ra l M aidens
d re w L o ts fo r three o f them to have 3 0 0
pieces o f E ig h t a-piece, P ortion,
in that m iferable C o n d ition , that th ey
had fcarce w h erew ith to c o v e r their N a -
kednels,bothM en andW om en 9and grind-*
in g the em pty E ars o f new Indian W h eat
on a Stone to make C h ocolate, to w hich
th ey added fom e Bran to make D o u gh
o f it, and B ak e that green Pafte. S e e -
in g one o f them pick up the C ru m s o f
B read that fell from m e, I ga ve him
fom e. T h e ir Lodgin g is an fw eiab le to
their D ie t, io r they have no other B e d
all the Y ear round but the bare G ro u n d .
T h e re is no doubt but their ow n Sloath
is the caufe o f their M ifery, as alfo th e
A v a ric e o f fom e Alcades, w ho take fro m
them all they have go t in the w hole Y e a r ,
Z z z o b lig in g
/ a
PI §L
546 A Voyage round the W O R L D . Book il.
C V A ./ 0 ob lig in g them to buy O xen , M ules, tember w e return ’ d to M exico. N o th in g
Cem elli. M o d e s, and Q uilts o f them , at three rem arkable hapned till Saturday rhe 14 th ,
11598. times the Value, and taking their Provi- when, the Price o f Bread having been fet
lions at their owne Rates. before at half a Royal for 14 Ounces,
A fte r an uneafie N ig h t fpent in a G ot- a B ak er was fin'd fo r fellin g 16 Ounces
ta g e , w e went upon Thurfday 29 th in the fo r the iaine P rice. A n A itio n ak o ge-
M orn in g to the M ountain to Shoot by ther unaccountable.
w a y o f the Gam na. T h is is a N o ife re - M onday ie>th, go in g to the Palace, I chichime-
fem bling the C ry o f the yo u n g F aw n s, found in the great Hall fo u r Chichimecas *«•
which draws the D oes w ithin reach o f (a W o rd fign ifyin g, bred up am idft B l i ­
the Gun to be Shot. M any Shot w ere tern efs) come fro m P arra i, to beg an
made all D a y , aid but one D o e killed. A lm s o f the V ic e ro y , T h e y had no p art
T h e next D a y being Friday 30 th , tho’ c o v e r’d but their P riv itie s ; all the reft
16 D o e s came to the N o ife o f the G a - o f their Bodies being N ak ed , and ftain’d
m ita, only tw o w ere kill’d but having o f feveral Colour s. A ll their Faces w ere
n o w Venifon enough, we retu rn ’d to St. ftre a k ’d w ith black Lin es m ade by p rick-
Jerem e. B y th e w ay w e m et abundance in g the Skin till the B loo d com es, and
o f Bucks, ( I k ill’d a g re a t o n e) and Gtt- rub bin g it w ith Ink, Som e c o v e r’d their
axolotes, or Turkeys, that w en t about the H eads w ith a Staggs Skull w ith all the
W o o d in T r o o p s . T h e fe are the beft H o rn on , and the Skin o f th e Bealls
F o w l the Spaniards found in A m erica, fo N e c k fitted to theirs. O thers c a rry ’d a
go o d that they bred fom e T a m e , and W o lfs Head w ith all the T e e t h ; others
b rou gh t them into Europe. T h a t N ig h t a T y g e r s , and others a L io n s, to look
w e lay at St. p r o m ’s, and the n ext D a y the m ore terrib le. But when they are
b ein g Saturday the 3 1 f t o f Auguft r e - abroad, the C rie s and N o ife are m ore
tu rn ’d tow ards M exico, w ith four D e e r te rrib le , than their Prefence T h e M ules
u pon a M ule, but it is to be o b fe rv ’d and H orfes fm eil the Stin k o f their Flefli
th ey are no b ig g er than a good Faw n in at a gre at diftance, and will not go on.
Europe. N ig h t o verto o k us in a F arm , T h e y defire ab ove all things to kill Spa-
w h ere w e w ere fain to lie that N ig h t, w ards, that they m ay flea their Heads,
T h e Man o f the Houfe civ illy gave us and fit that Skin upon their ow n H eads,
C h eefe, and M ilk* w ithout tak in g any w ith all the H a ir, and fo w ear it as a
M o n y fo r it. Sunday the firft o f Sep- token o f V a lo u r, till it rots o f f i a bits.

CHAP. VIII.
Of the Cus, or Pyramids of St. John Teoti, Guacan.
H E tim e o f m y D ep artu re fro m
T M exico d raw in g near, I thought
fit to fee fom e Indian A n tiq u ities,
fa r from the C it y , and in o rd er to it o n
Thurfday 19 th , I rode a-crofs the L a k e
o f Sc. Chriftopber to A coim m , o r A c u l-
m a, a Parifn o f the A u g u fm a m :t and
h avin g refted th ere a while w en t on to
the V illag e o f Teotlguacatt (w hich in that
L an g u ag e fignifies,"a place o f G o d s, and
o f A d oration ) fix Leagues diftant. T h a t
N ig h t I lay in the Houfe o f D . Peter de
A lv a , G ran d lb n to D . John de A lv a ,
✓ defeended from the K in gs o f Tefcuco.
Friday 20th, in the M orning he bore me
Pyramid C om pany to fee the Pyram ids, a Leagu e
o f the fro m his Houfe. F irft we faw that call’d
M oon. o f the Moon Handing tow ards the N o rth ,
tw o fides w h e re o f w ere found to be 2 0 0
Spanijlj Y ard s in len gth , that is, about
6 5 0 Spans, o r 16 0 Y ard s Englijh, the o -
th er tw o fides 1 5 0 Spanijh Y ard s. W e
had no Inftrw nent to take the height,
but as near as I could guefs it was about
2 0 0 Spans, o r 5 0 Englifli Y ards. T o
n o t fa y the T r u th , it w as nothing but a heap
o f E arth made in Steps lik e the P y ra -
mids o f Egypt •, o n ly that thefe are o f
Stone. T h e re flo o d once on the top o f
it, a vaft gre at Id o l o f the M oon, made
o f hard Stone, cou rfe enough j but the
L o rd Summ arica, firft Bifhop o f M exico
caus’d it to be bro ke in pieces, out o f a
R elig io u s Z ea l, and there are three great
pieces o f it at the foot o f the P yram id
to this D a y . W ith in this gre at P ile ,
there w ere fom e V au lts, w here the K in g s
w ere B u ry ’d ; fo r which reafon the R oad
to it is Hill call’d M icaotli, which in the >
Mexican L an guage fignifies, the w ay o f
the D ead. A b o u t it are feveral little
artificial M ounts, fuppos’d to be the bu-
ry in g Places o f Lords. T h e n c e w e w en t
Southw ard to fee the P yram id o f the Pyramid
Sun, call’d Tonagli, 2 0 0 Paces diftant oftheSun.
from the other. M eafuring tw o fides
we

6 ^ '
 ■ G° i x
f ll ' <SL
Chap. IX. : Of N E W ~ J T
C \ j ^ r t w e found them 3 0 0 Spanifli Y a rd s in
Gemelli. le n g th ; but the other tw o w ere not a-
15 9 8 . bove 200. Its height was about a fourth
p art m ore, than that o f the M oon. T h e
Statue o f the Sun that flo o d on the top
o f it, after b eing broken, and rem ov’d
out o f its place, was le ft in the m iddle,
there being no th row in g it dow n to the
G round by reafon o f the greatnefs o f
the Stone. T h is figure had a great hoi-
lo w in the Bread:, w here the Sun was
p la c e d ; and all the reft o f it was cover’ d
w ith G o ld , as w as that o f the M oon,
which afterw ards the Spaniards took a-
w a y at the tim e o f the Conqueft. A t
p refent there are tw o great Stones at
the fo o t o f the P yram id , which w ere
p art o f the Idols A rm s and Legs. T h is
gives occafion for tw o D oubts, o r Q ue-
ftions • the firft, how the Indians hav-
in g n o ’ u fe o t Iron, could cut fo hard a
Stone • the fecond, how they could car-
ry and raife it to fuch a height,
being deftitute o f convenient E ngines,
and w anting the A r t to make them,
Befides there are no fuch hard Stones in
the N eigh bou rhood, and they had nei-
ther M ules, H o ife s, nor O xen to d ra w
it fo far, thofe C reatu res having been
e a r n ’d thither by the Spaniards. T h e
W o rd Ctij is not Mexican (it m ight
perhaps be o f Mechoacan o r fom e other
P rovince) fo r the Mexicans call the
* Church Teocagliy o r Zoptli.
T h e building o f thefe Pyram ids, is
attributed to the Vlmecos, the fecond
Planters o f New Spain, w ho came fro m
that I (land Atlantis, Plato fp e a k s o f in his
Timms. T h is C onjecture is m ade, b e -
caufe all the Indian H iftories, unani-
moufly agree,that thefe Vlmecos came by
\ — --------------------------------------------------------------------- '
C H A P . IX.
Of the Birds, and Beafts of New Spain.
H ere is fuch v a rie ty o f beautiful
T B ird s in N et* Stain, that no C oun-
try in the W o rld can parallel it. T h e
p reference am ong them all is given to
the Sefontle (w h ich in the Mexican L a n -
eu aae, fignifies <00 V oices) a fm a llm a t-
te r lefs than a T h ru lh , and o f an A lh -
colour i only the T a il and W in g s, w hich
are fpecklcd w ith w hite. T h a t the Spam-
ards call Gorrion, o r S p a rro w , Sings
fw e e tly , is as big as our S p a rro w , and
its colour inclining to Black. T h e B ird
call’d the Cardinal fings w ell, is as b ig
a s a W o o d -la rk , and has not on ly the
Feathers, but the Beak Scarlet ; and be-
V o l. IV .
9 »
* 9
aT n . 547
Sea, from the E aft ; and on the other
fide, according to Plato, th e Inhabitants
o f the liland Atlantis, d eriv'd their O -
rigin al from the E gyptian s, w ho had
the Cuftom o f raifing P yram ids. Ariftotle
in his B o o k de Admirandis, la y s, that the
Carthaginians ufe to Sail to^an Ifland,
v e ry far diftant from Hercules’’s Pillars j
and that many o f them fetled them felves
t h e r e ; but that afterw ards the Senate fo r-
bid them , fo r fear that being taken w ith
the delights o f the Place, they Ihould
fo rg e t their C oun try. If this be tru e ,
it is not to be look’d upon as any W o n -
d er, that the Mexicans Ihould raife P y -
ram ids after the E gyptian m anner, and
h ave the fame Y e a r n o m ore than that
which Ammianus in his n th B o o k ,re la te s ,
viz.. T h a t on the E gyptian O belisks,
there w ere fom ctim es B ird s, and Beafts
o f another W o rld carv’d. N o Indian
H iftorian has been able to difcover w hen
the American Pyram ids w ere fet u p ; but
D r. Charles Siguenzji believes them to be
v e ry an tien t, and not much later than
the Flood. It is certain that w h e re
they ftand, there was fo rm erly a g re a t
C it y ) as appears by the vaft R uin s a -
bout it,and by the G ro ts o r D en s, as w ill
artificial as natural j and by thcN um ber ot
M ounts,believ d to be throw n up,in H o -
nour o f their Idols. One o f them is call d
Tonagli-iguezaa, which fignifies,the fall ot
the Sun. Saturday 2 1 ft, I return’d hom e.
Monday 2 2 d , it ram d fo much that re­
- vera l Houfes w ere ruin’ d , and they w ere
fo rc ’ d to go in Boats, in the quarters o f
St ."John de la Fenitencia, o r o f Pennance
St. Francis, and St. 'James, alm olt as tar
as the Alameda, o r publick Place, o t t a -
k in g the A ir .
“
fides, on the head a m oft beautiful T u f t .
It is taken in the .T e fflp e rate p a rts o f
N e w Spain, and Flortda-, and the Spa-
niards give t e n , o r .t w e lv e P ieGes
E ig h t apiece, fo r them to fendI into
Spam. T h e r e is another fmall B ird ot
the fame colour ; he is lefs than the 0 -
ther, and does not Sing. T h e r e is an -
other as big as a T h ru fli, X
wards call d, T^n//n, o r little T ig e r ,
becaufe fpotted like a D g e r , ^ a lu d
Singing. T h e Qur-lacohe, has d ark F e a -
thers ; and is as big as the Senfontle, but
has a lo n ger Beak, and red Eyes. W h e n
k ep t ina C a g e , it mu ft have a Pum ice
Z z 71 2 lto n e ,
SSI
 ; / n
|l |
A Voyage round the VV O R L O.
tZ f i n f T h e r"8? a n o t h e r c a ll’d C acdom ol,
, r , F: , • n5u , , " T n n F ile fitinifies
f o i ° / b U c k W o o d -la rk s, b lack and y e l-
lo w , who build their N e ffs , hanging at
the T r e e s , by H o rfe -h air, w o v e lik e
• Pnrfr’ mil rhev Sine well
tm « * A ^ f o r tbofe that im itate the V o ic e o f
M an, o r Speakin g, there a re P arro ts o f
fe v e ra l forts. Som e call'd Catarimtlas
green others Loros which are g re en ,
but have the tips o f their W in g s , and
th e ir Head yellow . Pericas little b ig g e r
than a T h ru fh , and green . O thers as
I 4 ry 8Beau tiftd ^ f o ? 3they ve re d ^ g r e e n j
and yellow F ea th ers, and a beautiful
T a i l , as long’ as a Pheafant’s * but thefe
Hn nnr Mlk &
A s fo r eatable F o u l, th ere are tw o
£ ° forks o f P h e a f a n t s o n e w ith black
W in g s and T a i l , and a d ark B o d y ,
w hich they c a ll G rim e s \ an other o f a
M u rre y , much b ig g e r chan the la ft, call’d
J n r R o v a l becaufe it has a thing
a e a Q 0 » a 7o n i S ^ t ! l “ r e K
T h e r e are ChachaUcas, in all re fp e & s
lik e o u r H e n s , but th e ir Feath ers
3 ndance “ o f Timkc^s*"
w hich*abou t th e new M oon, are eafily
k ill’d upon the d ecay’d T r e e s , on w h ich
th ey perch •, fo r w hen one fell: to th e
G ro u n d , there is no D an g er, the re ft
fhould fly a w a y , a t the noile o f th e
G u n s. T h e r e is another fo rt o f B ird s
go od to eat, which they call B lack -b ird s,
w h o g o tam ely into the Houfes. T h e r e
a re fe v e ra l fo rts o f them , fotne q u ite
black, others w ith red W in g s * o th ers
w ith y ellow H eads, and B re afts, and o -
th ers b ig g e r than a B la c k -b ird , b lack ,
and w ith a lo n g T a i l , ca ll’d V rra ca s,
Z t is Pies
T h e Q uails are o f the fam e colou r as
o u rs, but w ith fom e Feath ers ftau d in g
upon their H eads, and not fo w ell taft-
ed as ours in Europe, T h e Pito R e d is
as big as a T u r t l e D o v e , and w ith a
B ill as long again as its B o d y . Its F e a -
i *sv
<SL
Book li.
ttN c c k , w5 S t « X T
e ^ I h
nU rds lo o k upon the T o n g u e ofit, as
a S o vereig n rem ed y agam lt the H e art-
s h s "
th ole o f the L e g s , to the L e g s , and fo
thc .r ef t" , !ic r e ,*? ail0tht^ w o ^d er~
fn l B ird , call d G u u c b M , orChupuJtores,
th at is, S u ck -flo w ers, becaufe it is a l-
w a y s feen in the! A ir ,^ fn d t k g ; F lo w e rs ,
^ K h o u t e v e r ligh tin g on the , *
7 hetndsans fa y they ftick th eir Beaks
111 the Boughs o f T r e e s , *or fe v e ra l
M onths ol: the \ ear, w h ere they take
them afleep, to m ake o f them their Im a-
g e s , and o th er C u rio fities abovem en-
" 'T h e S u p p le s are as b ig as C ro w s ,
th ere are tw o lo rts o f them , die one
ilas a * u f t o f F le fh on the H ead, am do
n o t eat C a ™ © « » the o th e r, a T u ft ot
F eath ers, and thefe fe ll cat all the C a r-
n o n , and filth o f the C it y ^ a n d C o u n -
rJ7 - A t Vera Cruz^ it is fo rb id to k ill
th efe B ird s, f o r t he go od they do i and
lt ls allo w d to k ill P igeo n s in the H o i e,
o r A b ro ad . O f E uropean B ird s, there
are G e e fe C ra a e s ,D u d e s ,P ig = o 0s ,T o r tles
o f tw 0 fo rts, fom e as b ig as ours m
and o th ers lefs, and feveral fo rts
As fo r B eafts, there a re B ears, Beaft,
W o l ^es, t S
° urs> th ey h a v e the ^ e Iipon -r-r
back, H ares, R ab b ets, D e e r F o x e s T -
8 ers> L io n s, and other fo es. y Li
n ot asuth ° ( e in 4 M .
but b ein g purfu d b v th e D o g s , run up
the } rees' F o r fuch as dre pecu■ * ®
the C o u n try , there are S,boles, b ig.as
a C f w > w hofe Skin is much valu id fot
it* lo n g M t H m . jird d la s Mack and
[ad colour d> f i f t * w itS
L c o p a i d s ; Z o n lla s ,^ b ig as a C a t, w it s
black and w h ite H a i r , and a beautiful
T a il. T h e fe w hen p u rfu 'd , fto p to p ifs
fo r th eir D e fe n c e * becaufe this W a te r
o f th eirs, m fefts the v e ry A ir fo r an
hundred Paces a b o u t , and overcom es
thofe that pu rfu e it, and it it light up­
on an y G a rm e n t, it m uft be bury d to
g e t out the Stink.
C H A P .
%%t
Chap. X.~~
CHAP.
Of the trait, and Plants of New Spain.
fS -A -^ q p o fpeak the T r u t h , the belt P ro -
Gemelli. t(u& 0 f j\jew Spain, is the G o ld
‘ 15 9 8 . and Silver, the P earls taken in its Seas,
the Em eralds found am ong the R o c k s,
in the K in gd om o f Santa Fe, and o th er
precious Stones o f P eru , but h avin g
fpoke o f them elfew h ere, there is no
need o f R e p e a tin g it here.
■ Fruit. But to (p eak ot the F ru it g ro w in g on
T r e e s , there are all fo rts that Europeaf-
fo rd s, e x c e p t N u ts, C h erries, M ed lars,
and Service B erries. T h o fe peculiar to
the C o u n try , a re P la n ta n s , P in e-app les,
o r A n an as, Ananas, Cocos, A tes , and
D ates , o f which 1 have g ive n an account
elfew h ere, and fet dow n th eir Shape and
F ig u re . T h o fe which g ro w in no other
C o u n try, o r i f they be in the Philippine-
Iflands, have been c a rry ’ d out o f A m e -
Aguacates rica, are thefe that fo llo w . T h e A g u a -
cate gro w s on a T r e e , lik e the W a ln u t,
* but thicker. It is foraetim es lo n g lik e
a P ear, and fom etim es round. T h e c o -
lou r w ith ou t is g re e n , and green and
w hite w ith in , w ith a la rg e K e rn e l in
the m iddle. I t is o f a m oft exqu ifite
tafte, fo that it is e ith e r eaten ra w w ith
Salt,- or b o il’d ; fo r it is v e r y un & uous,
and fw eet. Philitians count it hoc, and
therefore fo rb id it to N u rle s,fo r fear th ey
Ihould lofe their M ilk . A ll that have ta ft-
cd,doallow it exceeds all theF ruit o f Europe.
T h e n ext place is due to the Sapetes,
. Sapotes. w f,Cre o f there are fo u r fe v e ra l forts.
* Some they call black Sapotes, th eir T r e e
is as b ig as a W a ln u t, and thick ; but
the L ea v e s v e ry green , and fm aller than
thofe. T h e F ru it is rou n d , and has a
v e r y thin green R in d ; w ithin it is o f
the colou r and tafte o f C ajfia, w ith fo u r
1 fm all K e rn e ls. G re e n , it is Poifon fo r
Filh tripe it is v e ry w holfom e fo r lick P e o -
p ie. T h e 2d fo rt is c a ll’d , w hite S a -
pote. T h e T r e e is as tall as a P e a r-tre e ,
th e F ru it as b ig as a P ear, green w ith -
out, and w hite w ith in, w ith four w h ite
K ern els. It is good to make P eo p le
Sleep. T h e third fo rt is call’d Sapote
Borracho, o r D runken Sapote. T h e T r e e
is like the la ft, but th e Branches m ore
ligh tly. T h e tafte o f the F ru it, is be-
tw een fw eet and ta rt, but v e ry P leafan t;
, the colour is green and y ello w ilh w ith -
out, and whitilh w ith in , w ith tw o
K ern els. T h e 4th is call’d Chico Sapote,
«<* or Sapote. T h e T r e e is higher
I - ' .
• •
t
<SL
OfN~EW~SPAIN
X.
b ig g e r, and th icker than th e W a ln u t
T h e F ru it w ithout, is alm o ft P u rp le ,
and w ithin higher co lo u r’d. It has tour
fm allK ern els placed as it w ere in N ich es,
T h e T a ft e is fw eet, and the m olt valu ’d
o f a ll that g ro w in a hot C o u n try . T h e y
m ake a Com polition with it, which the
L ad ies chew to keep their T e e th w hite.
T h e M am ey is a v e ry tall thick T r e e , Mamey,
which alw ays has F ru it o» it, from one
Y e a r to another,and it is as b ig a s a larg e
Lem on . T h e outlide is a B a rly co lo u r,
and red w it h in , w ith a large P u rp le
Stone, in which is a K ern el lik e a b it-
te r A lm o n d , call’d P eftle , which they
m ake ufe ot in G lid e rs .
T h e Granadilla de China, gro w s on a Grana-
P lan t lik e the I v y , which w inding about
an y T r e e , c o vers it all. It is as big as
an E g g , and as fm ooth ; w hite a n d y e l-
lo w w ith out, and w hitilh w ith in , and
has Seeds like thofe o f a G rap e. Its
T a f t e is fw e e t, fom ew hat inclining to a
pleafan t T a rtn e fs , v e ry pleafing to L a -
dies. Som e fan cy, they fee the In ftru -
m ents o f our Saviou r’s Paflion, re p re -
fented in it, as m ay be feen in the C u t.
A l l the aforefaid forts o f F ru it, a re
eaten in M exico , from M arch, t ill Sep-
tem bcr; but the M am eys and Black S a -
potes, are alw ays to be found on the
M ountains, when an y B ody w ants them .
A m o n g the Indian Plants the firlt Cacao*
P lace is due to the Cacao, as w ell fo r
the P ro fit i t yield s the O w n ers, as fo r
b ein g the c h ie f Ingredient o f a fo rt o f
D rin k becom e alm oft gen eral to all the
W o r ld , and v e ry gratefu l and d e lig h t-
fu l, p articu larly to Spaniards. It is fo w ’d
in a S o il that is hot and d ry , w ith th e
E y e upw ards, w ell co ver’d w ith E a rth .
I t Ip rin gs out w ithin a F o rtn ig h t; and
does n o t g ro w above three Spans in t w o
Y e a r s ; a t which height it muft be T r a n f-
planted ; w here it is to be o b fe rv ’d ,
T h a t the Plant muft be taken up w ith
all the E arth that covers the R o o t.
W h en they are T ra n fp lan tcd they muft:
be fet in R o w s 18 Spans from on e an o-
th^r. A Stick is fet up to fu p p o rt e v e -
r y on e, and about them Plantans, and
other F ru it T re e s , becaufe it g ro w s w ell
under their Shade. Befides all S p rig s
that Ihoot out at the fo o t o f the P la n t
muft be cut off, that they m ay not hin-
der it running up ; the G rou n d muft be
w eed -
HI ' <SL
5 -jo A Voyage round the W O R L D, Book II.
w eeded, and the R o o f m ull be k e p t o r a P o rte r, but D rin k s it e v e ry D a y ,
a cm dll. w arm , fro m too much W e t , and fro m and the better fo rt fo u r tim es a D a y .
jr$p8. fom e W o rm s that ufe to come abodt it. T h e r e is another u fefu l P la n t in the oAsgbey.
A fte r five Y e a rs, it is as thick as a M an ’ s Indies c a ll’d Magbey, which g ro w s in a
F ilt, Tcven Spans high, and then bears, tem p erate S o il. F ro m the L eaves th ey
Its L eaves are fom ew hat lik e thofe o f the d ra w fom ethin g lik e H em p to m ake
G h efau t-tree, but a litt le n arro w er j the R o p e s , Sacks, S h irts, and le v e ra l fo rts
Bloffom comes out all o v e r the B o d y , o f cu rious W o rk s. I t alfo y ield s W in e ,
and B ra n ch es, like the Jefm iii ; but H o n y , and a good B alfam . T h e L iq u o r
L fc a r c e the fourth part o f it holds. F ro m w hen it com es fro m the Plant is fw e e t
the Bloflom thcr<e Ihoots ou t a litt le fo rt as H ony a w hile a fte r it is lik e M ead,
o f an E a r, lik e that o f th e Indian W h e a t , and go od fo r the S tra n g u ry , and o th er
which befo re it is R ip e is G re e n ilh , and D ifte m p e rs. T h e Indians put in to it a
w hen R ip e o f a C h e f u u t C o lo u r , and R o o t that makes it b o il up and fe rm e n t
lotneti mes Y ello w , W h ite , and P u rp le , lik e W in e , and it m akes P eople as D ru n k
W ith in them are found the Cacao N u ts as W in e , and is call'd Pulche. T h e P la n t
w ith a w hite D ow n upon them , b e in g is freq u en tly found about -the F i e l d s ;
from ten to fifteen in N um b er. T h e f e and th ere is o f it in Spain, efp ecially be-
E a rs are gath er’d a fter th e full o f the tw een P o rt St. Alary and St. Lucar. It
M oon, open ’d w ith a K n ife , and the N u ts is lik e o u r H o u fd e e k , but much ta lle r,
taken ou r, which is then k ep t three D a y s and its L ea ves th ic k e r, and m ore fo lid .
in the H oufe a d ry in g in the Shade ; W h en it is o f fix Y e a rs ftand ing, they
then laid three D a ys lo n g e r in the Sun \ cut a w a y the m iddle L e a v e s, m ak in g a
then again as many m ore in tb e B o u fe ,a a d C o n cavity in the m id d le, which receives
la/lfy in the Sun again , that it m ay be the L iq u o r, and the Indians e v e ry M o rn -
thorough d ry . T h e fe Shrubs m ake th e ing tak e it a w a y , and keep it a M on th
A ir fom ew h at unw holfom e. in V eficls n - after w h ich the P la n t w i-
MnlUts. T h e Bdm lla is a fo rt o f Indian C a n e thers, and young Spro u ts (hoot o u t, fo
b y th e Spaniards call’d Bexuco, w h ich that it is w ith go o d reafon call’d the / » -
tw ines about the O ran g e -tree lik e I v y . dian V in e. I f it be n ot cu t, it produces
T h a t lo n g C od it produces, w hen g a - n othin g but a S ta lk lik e a F e ru la , w ith
th er’d is G re e n , but is d r y ’d in the S u n , a F ru it that is o f no ufe. T h e y m ake
and flretch ’d o u t now and then, th a t i t Aqua vita o f it a fte r the fame m anner as
m a y n o e fp lit, and at laffc it rem ains h a rd , w as faid o f the Coco W in e in the fo r e -
and blackilh. T h e Spaniards, to m ake going^ V olum e,
them the fw e e te r, ufe to fprin kle them T h is D r in k is fo u n iv e rfa l am ong the
w ith rich W in e , in w hich a Baimlla has Indians, that the E x c ife upon it w as no
been b o il’d cut in B its. It g ro w s on Iefs th at i io o o o p ieces o f E ig h t * but
the South C o alt o f New Spain. it w as taken o f f b y his M ajefties O rd e r,
E v e r y B o d y know s, that Cacao an d after th e Indians fe t F ir e to the g re a t
Bainillas a re the p rin cip al In gredien ts o f Square, and Palace in th e Y ear 1 6 9 2 , as
C h ocolate. T h e Europeans to e v e r y w as fa id ab o ve, and the D rin k it f e lf
Pound o f Cacao add a Pound o f S u g a r, was P rohibited. N e v e rth e le fs it is co n -
and an O unce o f Cinnam on. T h e In - n iv’d a t , and fom e Spaniards drin k it as
Sans ufe no Baimlla, w h eth er th ey b e w ell as the Indians ; fo r which reafo n ,
R ich o r P o o r ; nor th e Spaniards th at w h ilft I was th e re , fre/h O rd ers cam e
liv e in A m erica , becaufe they fay it is from th e K in g to re c e iv e the D u ty again ,
n ot W h o lfo m e \ and th e goodnefs o f and allo w o f the D r in k as fo rm erly.
their C h ocolate confifts in good C a cao T h e Indian F ig -tre e s do not o n ly p ro - indim tig*
and C innam on ; adding to every P ound duce p leafan t F ru it, but alfo the C o ch i-
o f Cacao tw o Ounces o f Indian W h e a t, nille fo r d y in g S ca rle t, as w as faid be-
that it may Froth the b e t t e r ; n o t to fo re. F o r d y in g B le w there is the P la n t
fave Cacao , which is v e ry Cheap in th o fe th ey call Annil, w h e re o f there is g re a t
P arts. O th ers add fom e o f the Cacao P len ty in the Ifland fli/paniola, and e lfe -
Shells to the fame p u rp o fe. In Europe w h ere. T h is is w h a t w e call In d igo .
th ey ufe to add fom e N u ts to the Cacao, Befides th efe, and m any m ore Indian
w hich g iv e s the C h oco late a p retty R e - Plants to o tedious to be m ention’d h e re,
lilh. T h is D rin k is v e r y antient, an d there g ro w a 1moll; all that Europe affo rd s,
us’d b y the Indians befo re the Spaniards o f w hich it is needlefs t o g iv e an y A c -
conquer’d th eir C o u n try ; but the Spa- count. -
nurds im p ro v ’d it. In th e Indies it is fo
common n o w that th ere is n ot a B la c k , A V O Y-

N<i
 Chap. 1. Of N E I V S P / N. 551

A Voyage round the World by Dr. John

Francis Gemelli Careri. Part IV.
Containing the moft Remarkable Things he law in
N E W SPAIN.
# * " _______ .. , _

" B O O K H L __________________________

C H A P . I.
The Author's Journey to the City of the Angels, and an Account of ivhat is re*
markable there.
T " \ E I N G w e a r y o f ray lo n g fla y n a ry Iflan ds,vthere being no hopes that
Gemelli. in Mexico, and h avin g taken th e F leet w ou ld Sail in any reasonable
S. 16 9 8 . J lJ leave o f a ll my F rien d s, I fe t tim e. A fte r tw o Leagues r id in g , I
y y W ) out fro m that C it y , on Thurfday,th e 10 th cam e to Mexicalfmgo, a little V illa g e ,
Fkft day’s Qf o tlober, in tend in g to Im bark aboard w h ere a R iv e r , thac comes out o f the
Jo u rn y, 7 £he Acjv k e -b o a t, bound for the Havana, L a k e o f Chaleo, runs out to w a rd s that
< Lca£ues‘ i n o rd e r to Sail fro m thence fo r the Ca- o f Mexico, and is v e ry fervicea b le fo r
con*

• •

WL
 %L

55 2 A Vyage round the W Q R L D. Book III.

r v / w O co n v e y in g o f G oods. T r a v e llin g on a . A n g e ls ,-■ w ith L in es m ark in g out the
Gsm^lli. L e a g u e fa rth e r o v e r M arlh y P lains, I G ro u n d . T h e B u ild in g s here fo r the
* £ 9 0 ” cam e to the V illa g e o f Iftapdapa, and a t m o lt p a rt are o f L i me 'and Stone, and
t"r v " the end Of four Leagues m ore to the Inn V y c w ith thofe o f Mexico. B u t the
o f Chaleo, w h ere the H o lt m ade me p ay Streets are m uch n eater, tho’ n ot P a v ’d ;
dear fo r a bad Supper* and w o rfe Bed. all o f them H andfom and S tra it, ero d in g
tW & Chaleo is-an in d i.icien t V illa g e and the o n e another to w a rd s the fo u r Q u a rters
b e ll Aicaydtjhip, o r little G o v e rn m e n t o f the W o r l d ; w hereas thofe o f Mexico
upon that L ak e ; through w h ich all the a re a lw a y s Stin k in g and D ir t y , fo that
M eal, Su gars, and fcveral o th er T h in g s a Man had alw a y s need to g o in. B o o ts,
are convey’d to Mexico. N e a r M ex ied - A b o u t th e C it y there are m any M in eral
the R iv e t is fo R a p id th a t it m ay W a te rs , o n the W e ft fide they are S u l-
be laid to h u rry the B o ats on headlon g, phurous, on the N o rth N itro u s and A l -
i l Day 5 Friday 1 1 tii, I fet out b e fo re Sun rilin g lo m y , and on the E a ft and South Sw eet,
leagues, w ith other C o m p a n y , and a fte r rid in g Monday 14 th , I w en t to fee the g re a t
u p a d irty ftce-p W a y a L e a g u e in le n g th , Square. T h r e e lides o f it are ad orn ’d
bated at Cordova, whence e n trin g upon w ith go od Porticos, un ifo rm , and fet off*
a M ountain w hich was all alo n g c o v e r’d w ith ric h Shops o f all fo rts o f C om m o-
w ith Pine T r e e s , w e w en t fo u r L e a g u e s d i t i e i On th e o th er fide is the C ath e-
fu rth er to lye a t Rio Frio , that is, cold d r a l,'w it h a m oft beautiful F ro n t, w ith
• R i v e r ; an Inn in the m iddle o f th e M o u n - a‘ high T o w e r , th e fello w to which is
ta in , w here e v e ry H o rfe p ay s a R o y a l to n ot yet fini/h’d , fo that this Square is fi~
th e G u ard . O ur H a ft lo o k ’d m o re lik e n'er than th at o f Mexico. G o in g in to
a R ob b er than any thing e lfe . th e Church I found it built a fte r the fam e
id . Day 8 S a tu r d a y r i t h , w e proceeded betim es M odel as that o f M exico , but fom ew hat
Leagues, a lo n g the M ountain W a y tw o L e a g u e s lefs. I t has feven Sto n e P illars on each
t d t he b in o f Ttjmolmca. T h e n c e I def- fid e , lik e that o f M exico, which m ake
cendcd into a d eligh tfu l P la in , ft r e w ’d th ree Illes. T h e C h o ir and high A lt a r 1
w ith little C o u n try H oufes, and three a re a lfo lik e thofe o f M exico, but lo w e r,
Leagues thence got by Noon to the lit- and have only twelve Pillars o f good
tie Village of S. M artin. A fter Dinner Marble. T h e Entrance was then a-
I would go to Tlafcala, three Leagues dom ing with M arble, and good Iron
diftant, to lee the remains o f that City W ork. T h e Church has 25 Altars in all
again ft which the Arms o f the M exican a decent Sacrifty, and a little Room ,
\ E m p ire could n e v e r p re v a il. H a v in g ca ll’d Oehavo (to keep the T ilin g s o f m oft
rode through fome marlhy Plains partly value,) richly G ilt, as is its little Cupula.
under W ater, near the C ity I croft’d a T h e Chappels'are well Painted and G ilt.
R iv er, where I had like to have Perilh’d N ear the fame Church towards theSquare, cuhednl
by rcafon o f the Flood and Darkneft o f is another Chappel, where the Blelfed
tnc N ig h t; and to mend the matter lodg’d Sacrament is kept, with three Altars
in a feurvy Inn, after fo troublefome a T h ere are three Gates on another fide
Journey. which is handlomly wrought, leading to
4rt. Day . Sunday 1 3th, I heard Mafs in the Pa- the Biihop’s Palace and the Seminary.
5 Leagues rifh C hurch, w h ere there hangs u p the T h e B iih op’s C a n o p e y is in the C h urch
P iftu r e o f th e Ship that, b ro u gh t Cortes to on the rig h t fide o f the A l t a r ; w h ereas
Veracruz,, and b ein g fatisfy’d th ere was th e A rch b ilh o p o f M exico, to avoid con -
n o th in g w o rth feein g in Tlafcala , (w h ich te n d o n w ith the V ic e r o y , has none b u t
is becom e an ord in ary V illa g e ) b efid esa fits in the C h o ir , in purfuance to the
M on aftery o f Francifcans, 1 fet o u t fo r K in g ’s O rd ers. T h is B ilh o p rick is w o rth
Pueblade los Angeles, o r the C it y o f the. 8 0 0 0 0 Pieces o f E ig h t a Y e a r ; befides
A n g e ls , to w hich the B ilh o prick is tran - 1 0 0 0 0 0 that g o am ong th e Canons and
Hated. T h ith e r I came at on e in the A f- O fficers o f the C hurch, w hofe w hole R e -
tern o o n , h aving rod e 5 L eagu es o v e r the ven u e is about 3 0 0 0 0 0 Pieces o f E ig h t.
P la in , and w as lo d g ’d in a p riv a te H o ufe T e n G an o n s h ave e v e ry one 50 00 P ie-
n ear S. Chrijlophers, fo r a P iece o f E ig h t ces o f E ig h t a Y ear. T h e D ean 14 0 0 0 •
a D ay. th e C h an ter 8 0 0 0 ; the M after o f th e
Puebla de los Angeles, o r the C it y o f School 7 0 0 0 ; and the A rch deacon and
A n g e ls , w as founded by the Spaniards on T r e a fu r e r n ot much left. T h e re is a
&t u the 26th o f April 1 5 3 1 , and fo call’d , p ro p o rtio n ab le A llo w a n c e to fix D e m i-
as th ey fay, becaufeQ u een lfabel, or E - C a n o n s, fix h a lf D e m i- C a n o n s , and
Utabeth o f Spain, w h ilft the C it y w as o th e r in ferio r O fficers.
Building, faw in a Dream a great many
fe. Mon-

I SSL '
III
Chap. II. Of N E W
c s j^ i Monday i 4 th, I faw the C ollege o f the
Gemelli. H oly G h o fl o f the Je fu its, w h o feC h u rch
15 9 8 . has 1 4 A lta rs ric h ly g ilt. Tuefday 1 Sth,
t - ^ V N I I faw the Church o f the B arefoot' Car-
meldes w ithout the C it y , w hich is fmall
and has ten A l t a r s ; but'the M on afiery is
la fo e and has a go od G arden . T h is
D a v D Nicholas Alvarez., M atter o f the
C erem onies Ihew ’d me a Lo ad fto n e as
b ig as an ordinary A p p le , w hich holds
u p tw e lve Pounds Spanijh o f Iron . A l-
fo a G ia n t’ s R ib as thick as a Mans A r m ,
and ten Spans long. T h e r e is a T r a d i-
tion that thefe G ian ts d w e lt on the MOu n-
tains above Tlafcala. In this C ity it
rains in the A ftern o o n as at Mexico ;
and that day the F lood ca rry ’d aw ay
H oufes and C a ttle, and w hat w as w o rft
of all four Men and tw o W om en . In
Churches. h C hUrch o f the N u n n ery o f S. Jerome,
there are feven A lta rs w ell adorn’ d,
T h e M onaltery o f S. Dominick is a noble
S tru & u re T h e C h u rch V au lted , and
has about 1 2 C happels rich ly G ilt , p a r-
ticu larly that o f the llo fa ry . T he Church
o f the Amndimans is alfo V au lted, v e ry
I aree and m ore m agnificently B u ilt.
T h e Parifh o f S. Jofeph has th ree Ifles
V au lted and tw elve A lta rs. O n the righ t
Hand o f it the C h ap pel o f Jefus o f N a-
z.areth w a s B u ild in g , w ith a Cupula upon
four large flone A rch es. S. John de D i-
c; 0f the Fathers H ofpitallers, hasa large
C loifter w ith good P illars, but the M o-
naflerv is Poor. In the Church there
are eleven A ltars. T h e Church o f the
N uns o f S. Monica is w orth feeing fo r
the G o ld about its f ix A lta rs. N o r are
the nine o f the N u n s o f S. C atherines-
fe r io r to th e m . T h e Church o f the N u n s
o f the T r in ity is beautiful, and has fix
A ltars and the M onafiery has a curious
F ro n t ’ T h e C ollege o f S. L ms o f the
Dominicans w ithout the C ity , is n o tv e ry
great and the Church has o n ly tour
A lta rs. Twenty Fathers liv e there fub-
ieft to the P rovin cial o f Mexico, and
Schools
Sunday 20 th , I w ent to the V illag e o f
CtoluU. cholula a League from the C ity . It looks
m ore like a W o o d , for all the H oufes
C H A P .
The Author continues his Journey to V e r a - C r u z .
1 / % - p r o c e e d i n g on m y Jo u rn ey tow ards
%em^g,a4 V L d p iT r ’thc?dbye” t" te
«... ^ jy >
| *
l •
* aI
I Mt
I
1 SSI
§L
. ......^ . , . ■- - • -■ . -.• ----- v * )—
S T A l flT" ~ _____ S3T
arfc am ong G ard en s. T h e G o vern m en t
is profitable, becaufe m any rich M er-
chants live there. In the m idft o f it is
an antient P yram id o f E a rth , on the to p
o f which at this tim e there is an H e rm i-
tage. T o retu rn to the C ity , the
Church ot S. Chriftophcr is rich ly adorn d,
b ein g vau lted , and h avin g 1 9 A lta rs .
N o r is that o f the Nuns o f S. Clare m fe -
rio r to it , in which th er| are fix cu rious
A lta rs. T h e M on afiery is v a ftly R ic h ,
having $00000 Pieces o f E ig h t rais’d b y
P o rtio n s, which lye dorm ant. S. / r a ­
cis is a v e ry fpacious Cfcurch w ith 24
C h ap pels, w ell fet off, as is the A rc h ,
B efo re one comes into the Church is the
C h ap p el o f the third O rd er, w ith nine
A lta rs w ell g ilt. In the M on afiery there
are 150 R eligio u s Men. T h a t ot the
R eco lets is not fo big, w here there a re
but 2 $ F ria rs, and the Church is fm all,
and has but 5 A lta rs. S. Paul., the C o l-
lege o f the Dominicans, is alfo but fm all,
containing 20 R elig io u s M en, and the
Church has but 4 A ltars A s I w ent out
o f this C ity I could fee the bu rn ing
M ountain o f Mexico c a ll out m igh ty
Flam es. T h e M on afiery o f the M erce-
netrians is convenient fo r 50 religio u s
M en it contains, the Church is beautiful,
has 1 2 A lta rs and 10 C h appels w e llg ilt .
T h a t o f the Fathers o f Bethlem has been
1 $ Y ears bu ildin g, with the M o n afiery .
T h e C ollege o f S. lldephonfus o f the Je -
fuits, n ew ly B u ilt, is v e ry la rg e , and
there are $0 Fathers m it. T h e Church
has 7 A lta rs well g ilt. A d jo y n in g to it
is the Parifh Church o f S . M ark, in w hich
th ere are 1 2 A lta rs. T h e Church o f S.
Agnes has 7 A l t a r s : that o f the C o n -
ception eight $ the holy C ro fs a Parifh
o f fecular P riefls fo u rte e n ; and S .Rock
o f the Fathers o f S. Hippohtus o n ly fou r.
. T h e R eader by the number o f M onafle-
ries fo R ich and w ell P ro vid ed , m ay
judge o f the G reatn efs, M agnificence
and W e a lth o f the C ity . T h e Bifhop
w hen 1 w en t t0 take m y Icave o f him,
made me a Prefen t w o rth 5o Pieces o f
E ig h t,
II.
V illa g e o f Quachiula in the Indian C o v e r -
NcarVthc Parilh Church of
A a a a this
ftI
___________________ __________ _________________\...............................................................
- ^| A Voyage round the W O R L EX
f 'v A ^ ' c h i s Place, 1 7 T g re a t Pyramid like tbofe
■ C c m d lu before, meiition'd. A fter Dinner 1 tra-
1698. veil’d 3 Leagues further, and fet up that
N i T tat the Farm o f Jfiapa.
. . Wedaefday 2 3 d, having rode up a
b o u t ? 1 dreadful'Mountain, I met the Guards o f
leagues, the W ay, who took a Royal for each
H orfe. Soon a fte r upon another b o g g y
M ountain m y M ule fell into a S lo u g h ,
w here fe v e ra l o f the C o u n try P e o p le
w e re fain to h d p her out. H a v in g t r a -
v e il’d a L e a g u e fu rth e r o v e r P re c ip ic e s ,
I refted a t the V illa g e o f Acdfmjgo, b u ilt
in a W o o d o f Cirimoya-T re e s. 1 d in ’d w ith
th ev 4W e ’ sDe\)Uty,and then fet o u t a g a in ,
and tra v e llin g 3 L eagu es fu rth e r, f t o p ’d
a t that th ey Call lngm io del Cotide, o r the
Earls Engine, paffing over a large R iv e r
o n a lo n g B rid g e . I found n o B o d y
to en tertain me h ere, befides that it w o u ld
h a v e b e e n dangerou s, the P eo p le b ein g all
B la c k s, and th erefo re I w en t on g u id ed
b y a B lack on H o rfth a c k , becaufe the
F lace w as fo d irty th a t the M ud and W a -
t e r reach’d up to o u r S tirru p s. I cam e
la te , a fte r tid in g a L e a g u e to the F a r m
o f S. Nicholas, cro flip g the fam e R i v e r
again upon another B rid g e a t the foot, o f
the M ountain O rizava. H ere a S p a n ia r d ,
w h o w as O w n e r o f tlie F arm , re c e iv ’ d m s
C o u rteo iifly $ but a F o w l 1 g a v e him to
d re fs, cam e to T a b le w ith o u t L e g s o r
W in g s .
gt’n 5 H a v in g ro d e a L e a g u e o a Tharfday
Leagues. 2 4 th , 1 w as o b lig ’d to take a g re a t C o m -
p afs to c ro ls the W h ite - R iv e r , o v e r a
B r id g e , and g o to Orizjava to tak e fre fh
H o r n s ; w h ere a t the A c adds H o u fe,
I foun d tire V ic e -A d m ir a l o f the W in d -
w a rd N a v y , w ho w ou ld m ake m e fta y
an d D in e w ith th em . M o u n tin g a fte r
D in n e r I ro d e a lo n g w a y th ro u g h the
T o w n o f O rizava, w hich fta u d in g am o n g
fo m any T r e e s o f Cirimoyas and Anon as,
lo o k s lik e a W o o d , and cam e in to a Ip a -
ciou s P la in , n ear the b u rn in g M ou n tain
o f th e lam e N am e, w hich is c o v e r’d w ith
S n o w . T h e G u id e led me th ro u gh a
d ir ty W a y to a m ore d ir t y M o u n tain ,
th e re fo re call’d Defpenadtro, o r th e P r c -
c ip ic e , w h ere I th ou gh t it a M ira c le that
o u r B e a lls came o f f fafe. B ein g o v e r this
M ountain 1 w as fo rce d to clim b fu ch an-
o t h e r , and b ein g com e dow n in to th e
V a lle y under it , c ro fs’d a gre at R i v e r u p -
o n a B rid g e . H a v in g in a ll t r a v c ll’d 5
L ea gu es o f v e ry bad W a y , I cam e t o
ly e a t the T o w n o f Cordova, the H ead
o f that Akadejhip , o r little G o v e r n -
m eat. T h e Place is Inhabited b y rich
M erchants , w h o have S u g a r-W o rk s ,
M o ll o f them are Spaniards, the A i r b e-
? ’ - f t ®
■ §L
Book 111.
ia g wholfom, and the Soil producing all
forts o f Fruit-Trees. 1 lay that N ight
in a pitiful Inn, where the Black that
was my Guide, feeing he could fteal no-
thing elfe, took away my Mules Halter,
Friday 2 4 t h , coming into a hotter 9thDayio
Country I faw Parrots o f feveral forts, Leagues.
an d abundance o f T u r k e y s ( c a ll’d b y the
Spaniards Gnaxolotes, ox Gallos debt tier*
ra, w hich shews th ey arc n ot r ig h t T u r —
k e y s , thefe b ein g call’d by them P avo s)
fittin g tam ely o n th e T r e e s . H a v in g t r a -
v e il’d four L e a g u e s th rou gh th e W o o d ,
I bated in the V illa g e o f $. Lorenzo dc los
Negros, or S. Laurence o f the B la ck s, in
th e rind ft o f a W o o d . T h is P lace b e in g
all Inhabited b y B la c k s, lo o k s Like fom c
part o f G am e*, but they are handfom, •
and a p p ly th em felve s to H u sban dry.
T h e y a re defeended fro m foine ru n -a-
w a y S laves | and th ey w e re a fte rw a rd s
p e rm itte d to rem ain fre e , u pon C o n d iti-
o n th ey fhould n ot en tertain an y m ore fu -
g it iv e B lack s, but refto re them to th eir
O w n e r s ; w h ich th e y re lig io u fly o b lerve.
R id in g fix L ea gu es fu rth er 1 la y at the
Ia n o f S. Corpus, w h e re th ere w as n ei-
th e r M ans M eat, n or H o rfe M ea t; and
fo r o u r g re a te r P la g u e , the h u n g ry D o g s
an d R a t s w o u ld n o t let us lle e p , fo that
w e w e r e fo rced t o hang up o u r S tirru p s
and Sliooes that th ey m igh t not be eaten.
T h e H o ft w as a lean naked Spaniard, w ho
le d an ere m itic a l L ife there, rath er than
fe rv e an y Body. M a n y Spaniards o f Q u a-
lit y fo r this reafon rb a rry Indian and M u-
lato W o m en ,an d liv e m ile rab ly as H c rd ft
m en on thofe P la in s, b ein g afham ’d to
retu rn in to Spain p o o r ; as i f the S o il o f
America w e re a ll G o ld and S i l v e r ; and
e v e r y M an that g o es th ith er muft o f ne~
ceffity b e im m e d ia te ly R ic h . H o w m a-
n y p e rfe ftly ft a r v e , in r e fp e d o f thofe
fe w that rife to g re a t H onour and W e a lth
in th e Indies ? E v e n as it is in the A r m y ,
w h e re m any T h o u ia n d s p e rilh , fo r Ibm e
fe w that rile to be C o lo n els o r G e n e ra l
O fficers. A b u n d an ce o f B lacks and M s*-
Iatos liv e in the n eigh b ou rin g P la in , lik e
fo m any w ild B eafts.
Saturday 2.6th, I t ra v e ll’d fo u r L e a g u e s, ._ ,
w h ich m igh t pafs fo r fix ,o v e r a w ild Plain
n o t T i l l ’ d no m o re than th e lalh, and 0
re fte d at Paffb de las Carretas, o r the Pafs
o f th e C a rts. In th is Place th ere is n o ­
th in g b u t a H oufe o f Mulatos w ith o u t a - ,
n y P r o v ifio n ; fo that the H o rfe s fa ile d , A
and w e eat Ibm e fm all m atter w e c a rry ’d
w ith us. T h e n eigh b o u rin g M ountain
m igh t h ave fu rn ifh ’d F ru ite n o u g h to fill
o u r B ellies, but the Indian F r u it can n ot
be eaten t ill it has been three D a y s in the
H oufe.
■ \ v .
X j * ■ e° i x
Sil
Chap. III. T Of N E W S P, A 1 N.
f V A - A } H o afc. T h e fe Mutates m ake good T liv e d ,
<Semdh. c a ll’d Pita, to few Shooes, o f ail H e rb lik e
16 9 ^ . M aghty, which th ey Plant. H e re I
L / ’Y ' V found m y fell'in fom e d iftre fs, being to
foord a great R iv e r. A t length m aking
a virtu e o f nccelfity, I, and a Spaniard
o f Orizava made one o f thofe Mtdatos
gu id e us, and being com e to the Bank
caus’d him to g o o v e r fir ll, upon a tall
M u le, and la w the W a te r com e u p to
her C ru pp er. . T h e r e b ein g n o g o in g
back, I made the M ulato com e again to
c a rry o v e r my Portm an tu e, in which
w ere all m y M a n u lc rip ts; and then re-
com m ending m y f e lf to G o d ’ s P r a t e d i-
on, w ent into the rap id R iv e r bare L e g g ’d
in gre at f e a r ; and tho’ there w ere tw o
fe v e ra l Branches to d ivid e the R iv e r ,
y e t the W a te r cam e alm oft o v e r m y
M ule, and vvafh’d my T h ig h s. B e in g by
G o d ’s M ercy com e to the other fide, and
. h aving reco ve r’d our fd v e s ,w e bethought
us how little w e fliould have been p ity ’d,
had the Mulato left us both ia the lurch
and gone aw ay w ith the M ule and a ll w e
had, that is, 10 0 0 Pieces o f Eight: o f the
spaniards, and my four Y ears and four
M onth’s M anufcripts o f ray T r a v e l s ,
and my M ony fo r m y Jo u rn e y . B u t
F ea r had blinded our U n d erfta n d in g , fo
th at w e fo rg o t that one o f us ou gh t to
g o o v e r firll to the o th er fide. T h e r e
w as fo rm erly a B oat in this P lace to w aft
o v e r T r a v e lle r s ; but the A lca d e to pu-
nifh the M ulato that k ep t it fo r fom e
O ffence, took it fro m him , fo rb id d in g
him to receive or entertain an y Palfen-
g e rs, bucto fend them the w ay o f Cotafia ,
w h ich w as fo r his A d va n ta ge-, and the
Mulato an fw erin g, H e might order them
to be call'd, and told o f it by the Inhabitants
o f that Village, he w as abus’d by the co ve-
CHAP.
The D efer ip ion of the new Town and Port of Vera-Cruz.
Ven Cruz. r j P ^ f E new C ity o f Vera-Cruz, is feated
r JL bi the L atitu d e o f 19 d eg . and 16
m iu. and 2 7 3 deg. o f L o n g itu d e ; on a
fandy barren S o i l ; fo that P rovifion s
com ing a g re a t w a y , it is v e ry d ear liv -
ing there. Its F ig u re is lo n gilh , ly in g
E a fta n d VVeft, and the w hole C om pals
fcarcc h a lf a Spanijh Leagu e. T h e A ir is
not w holfom , efp ecially in Sum m er. V e -
r y often when the N o rth W in d s b lo w ,
to which it is v e ry fu b jeft, the H oufes
are h a lf b u ry ’d in the Sand ab out them,
TheWalls. T h e y w ho w ere entrufted to W a ll
it in , cheated the K in g Im p u d en tly,
V o l. IV .
~ tc r , ‘ ' ■ .
§l
2 ifl
tausAlcade. T h e n c e w e t r a v e lfd o v e r
a P la in , and th rou gh a thick W o o d , o f
a fo rt o f P a lm -T re e s that b o re a F ru it
lik e green W aln u ts, hanging in C lutters,
T h e P u lp within them tails lik e o u r A l -
m onds. W e p afs’d feveral final} L ak es,
and had lik e to lo fe ou r w a y b y reafo n
o f the high G r a f s ; and the m ore becaufe
there b ein g no Boats co ca rry us o v e r ,
w e w ere forced t o fo o r d „ a n d w e re very
w et. H avin g crave Il’d four L ea g u es, w e
cam e to a F aim call’d A fperilla , w h ere
th ere w as an infinity m ultitude o f G n a ts,
and w e w ere forced to pay, d ear fo r tw o
H oods to defend us aguinll them,
Sunday 27 th , w e rdde tw o Leagu es n a
to the Farm o f Xamapa and cro fs’d the ”
R iv e r o f that nam e in a Boat. A Spani- *6
lard there confirm ’d w hat f . Colin w rite s ■
in his H ifto ry o f the Philippine-ljlands con -
cern in g the B ird Carpimcro, viz.. T h a t it
finds an H erb w hich makes Iron fly lik e
G l a f s ; which he laid he had t r y ’d , b y
n ailin g an Iron P la te o v e r that B ird s
N e i l , but that he n ever could find out
the H e rb in all thofe Plains. A ft e r D in -
n er w e tra v e ll’d 3 Leagues fu rth e r to the
P o rt o f the n ew Vera Cruz., w h ere t
found m y E q u ipage fen t thieijer a M onth
b e fo re , by t'erdinand M ercado. T h ere
a r e no Inns in the C it y , fo that a Stran -
g e r is forced to h ire a H oufc. H e r e l r e f t -
ed a fter m y Jo u rn e y , and tho’ a fm all
V e fle l fail’d fo r H avana on W ednefday th e
3 0 th , w ould not g o aboard it , b ein g
p ro m is’d better C o n ven ien cy aboard an -
o th er that w as to fen ou t lo o n after,
B e in g ill L o d g ’d w h ere I w as, D . Antony
Penaiofa, Lieutenant o f a T r o o p o fH o rfe ,
g en ero u lly g a v e m e an A p artm en t in his
H oule.
m.
m ak in g a thin W a ll about fix Spans high,
w h ich w ould fcarce ferve fo r a co ver’ d
W a y ; belides that at prefen t e v e ry B o d y
rid es o ver them , becaufe they a re b u ry’d
w ith Sand ; and there is no need o f Ihut-
tin g the G a te s, a ll P arts being paflable.
So m eB altio n s and R edoubts th ere are a -
bout it at a gre at diltance fro m on e
another and ir r e g u la r ; o n ly tw o litt le
F o r t s , o r R ed ou b ts on the Sh o re, at
both ends o f it , m igh t m ake fom e D e -
fence. T h is C ity w as bu ilt inltead o f
the old Vera Cruz., becaufe that P o rt w a s
n o t fit fo r g re a t Ships. In 1 6 8 3 it w as
Aaaa 2 taken
ssa
 ■ G° i x
//> — <V \
f 11
__
“ 6 A Voyage round the W O R L D .
‘-------- “ "7 , r , u h „ one Lorenuillo a P i-
.taken an d fack J y ^
C em elh. ra te o f / W / T r eaeue W e ft o f the C t-
! Ilg e a I yd S : In h ab itan ts w h o
V a / ™ ff f i i 3 on. A ft e r w a r d * his
S l f v l A n c h o f’ d a t the Ifland o f Sanficios,
b e S u f e k w a s o u t o f reach o f the C a ftle
Tuns T h is C a ftle is h a lf a L e a g u e
, „ a, V s7t fn rw it call no w a v d e -
IheCaftle from the C l h f th eP o rt
d>“ A n c h o r u n t o it s W a lls ,
T t a P o n is L w a l l y S tro n g , b e c a n fe o n
th e E a ft and W e ft it is d efen d ed b y a -
bnndance o f R o c k s -, w h ich S tr a n g e r s ,
w h o are not acq u ain ted , c a n n o t a v o id
• ^ H th e flin g in g o f G n a ts. B e fo re me th ey
ru n n in g u pon. or f k sh -
r t f ' t h n T o ou t o f Europe to N ew Spain pSc
i to th is P o rt-, y e t th e C ity in ftea d o f
i ^ n J ltir h and L a r g e lik e M ex io c, is ,
f o T t ^ R eafo n s a b o vea U e d g ’d , S m a lla n d
P o o r little Inhabited b y Spaniards ; b u t
Z A “ S o f t p a rt b y B la c k s an d M u lt -
° . fo 5 “ he, e are f a r c e a n y w h ite
o 7 u m he feen b u t o n ly w h en th e
F lo ta is th ere. A sV o o n as that is g o n e ,
fh e v t t a t a r e w e ll t o p a f i, re tire u p th e
C o u n tr y 1 as w ell b ecau fe o f th e u n w h o l-
i f th e A i r as becau fe t h e ir E f-
f X a r e n o t Cafe f u n d th e re fo re th e y
b u ild n one but litt le w o o d e n H o u fc s , n o t
DUlia non
a t , ? V « t h f ’ firlt o f N ovem ber , I w e n t
Jo t h f " P a r 5 i C h u rc h , w h ich has fo u r
p illa r s on a f id e th a t lu p p o rt the v a u lte d
u io f and m ake th ree h ie s, in w h ic h
Sh“ e a te nine C h a p F l t - T h e C h u rch
o f the Je ftits is p o o r, has b u t ten A l t a r s ,
C H A P .
Jjb o rt Account of the Difcovery and Conquejl of New-Spain.
O r m ’ s Sh ip s h a v in g A n c h o r’d in th e
G P o r t o f the o ld V era Cruz ., it w ill
n o t be fro m o u r p u r p o fe t o fa y fo m e th in g
T t h i s P lace o f th e D ifc o v e r y an d C o n -
tineft o f N e w Spain-, adding to w h a t o -
£ A u th o rs have a lre a d y m ade p u b lic k ,
fo rc e P a rtic u la rs k e p t in chat C o u n try
b v T r a d it io n fro m F a th e r t o S o n , an d
e t t r a a e d out o f fo u r L e tte rs w r it b y
S o o t h e Emperor C ^ t t v . P r in -
D d S 0t 7 t 7 , ” f a r c m i l P r e f e " ’d b y
^ 's o m e w in lia v e i t th a t A m erica w a s a c -
cid c n ta lly d ife o v e r’ d b y a S h ip d r o v e
th ith er bv tedious S to rm s, w h ich r e t u r n -
iu g a ft e r w a r d s to Lisbon w ith b u t a f e w
M en the M atter o f i t g a v e Chrifiopher
N e r v , o n the C o a ft o f
S>
§L
-- ------— : " ■ .1..I.-,—
■—
Book 111.
and th o fe m e a n ly a d o rn ’ d. Sunday 3 d , 1
d in ’ d with the G o v e r n o r , b e fo re w h o fe «/■ '
H o u fe one o f th e t w o Spm ijh C o m p a n ie s
th a t a re in G a r r ifo n in the C it y , a lw a y s
k e e p s G u a rd ; a s does a T r o o p o f do
H o r fe to f lo u r th e C o aft. _ Saturday 9 th
th e re b ein g n o D iv e r fio n in the: T o w n , I
w e n t o u t a S h o o tin g , and R id in g fiv e
L e a g u e s , f e r r y ’d o v e r a g r e a t R i v e r to
th e o ld V era Cruz.. T h is a t p re fe n t m ay Old Vert
m o re p r o p e r ly b e c a ll'd a fin all V illa g e a * .
o f F ifh erm en th an a C t ty ; f o r . t h a t
n o H o u fcs, b u t C o tta g e s c o v e r d w ith
L e a v e s and e n c lo s d w ith C an es. The
In h ab itan ts are a lw a y s to rm e n te d w ith
to o k f om e F ifo in th e R iv e r call’d Bobos,
o r F o o ls •, b ecau fe w hen the N o r t h W in d
b lo w s th ey m ak e to the S ea, and fo fall
in to th e N e ts. T h e i r R o w s d ry d a re
e x c e lle n t to eat T h e fe R iv e r s and a ll
th o fe o [ N e w Sp a in , _ but p a rtic u la rly
th o fe o f G » m m d * . b e in g fill) o f C r o c o -
d .ls o r A llig a t o r s , i t is w o rth o b fe r v .n g ,
T h a t th e D o g s w h en th ey c ro fs them ,
k n o w in g b y in ft in ft o f N a t u r e , that the
A llig a t o r s a rc m o ll fond o f th e ir F le fl),
g o f ir f t , to fc c u rc th e m fe lv e s, and b a rk
in o n e P la c e , t h a t th e A llig a t o r s m ay
c o m e t h it h e r .a n d then run to f w .m o v e r - .
a t a n o th e r P la c e . T h e [ m e a related by
p N a v a r r e t e m fas Account o f the P h ilip -
p in e -Iflan d s. T h a t D a y I k il f d abun-
dance o f P h e a fin ts, o f a b e tte r fo r t than
th e b la c k O n e s. T h e y w e r e as b ig as
T u r k e y s , w ith a b lack and w h ite T u f t
o n th e ir H eads, an d a ll the r e ft o f th e ir
F e a th e rs M u rre y .
I V.
Genoa , an A c c o u n t ^ ^
w h a t h e had fo u n d , an d then d y d. M a n y
o th e r p re p o fte ro u s N o tio n s g o a b o u t t h is
p a r t ic u la r , to o ted io u s fo r us to h an d le,
an d th e re fo re w e w ill com e to th e P o in t.
b e in g h im fe lf in n o C o n d m - a ,m h u .
o n :to u n d e rta k e th is V o y a g e o w n bisow .n
A c c o u n t, a p p ly d h im felf to th e K in g s o f
Z a g U n i and Portugal, w h o b o th g iv in g
him b u t litt le E n co u rag em en t he in th e
J E X X i S p U “g
an d Q u een o f w h o w e r e th en l a - , -%
g a g d in the W a r ag aiu ft th e A h m o f
G ra " a^ \ a " d b A rrlih i" * —
co n d ed b y C a rd in a l M endoza, A r c h b i-
f h o p o f Toledo, th a t h e h a d i( 5o o o C r o w n >
a llo w 'd h im , w h e re w ith he fitte d o m j
* *
lr ,
 — n\ \
III
ChapTiVT Qf NE W
f \ A /1 S h ip s, Wan’d w ith 1 2 0 S o u ld iers and
Gemtlli. S ailers. H e let Sail on the third o f A n-
f 5 p 8. ohf t 1 4 9 2 , a n d h aving fu raiih 'd h im fe lf
K syp J vVith N e c d la rie s a t the Canary-Iflands,
continu’d his V o y a g e . O n the n t h o f
Othber he d ife o v e r’d L a n d , w h ich w as
one o f the Iflatids Lucayos, call’ d Guana-
J ham, b etw een Ftonda aad Cuba, w h e re
he landed and tookp oflefiio n o f th e Indies,
rnfeovers T h e n c e he pafs’d on to the Illand Hifpa-
Land. mola, w h ere he ga in ’d fo fa r upon th e
Caique o r L o rd o f that P lace, that h e a l-
lo w ’d him to bu ild a F o r t o f E a rth and
W o o d on the S h o re , in w hich he le ft 3 8
Spaniards under the C o m m an d o f Rode-
rick de Arana o f Cordova and takin g ten
Indians, fo r ty P a rro ts , fom e G o ld , In-
dian- W h e a t, and o th e r things to m ake
o u t the tru th o f his D rfc o v e ry , re tu rn ’d
to Spain w ith tw o Ships. T h e C o u rt be-
in g then at Barcelona he re p a ir’ d thith er,
T h e K in g was much p lea s’ d w ith w h at
he b ro u gh t, and the A cco u n t he g a v e o f
his D ifc o v e ry . S ix o f the Indians w e re
B a p tiz ’d , th e K in g and Q iieen being
G o d fa th er and G o d m o th e r. Columbus
had much H onour d one h im , and P o p e
Alexander V I . g ra n te d the C ro w n o f
Cafiile all the Iflands and C o n tin en t that
Should be d ife o v e r’d W e lt w a rd , and all
' E a ftw a rd to the Portuguefes, d iv id in g the
W o r ld b etw een th ole tw o K in g s , b y
tw o Lines d ra w n fro m N o rth to Sou th ,
A Vov- Columbus fo r a fecond V o y a g e w as fu r-
3 g j, y nilh’d w ith 18 Ships and 1 5 0 0 M e n a -
a board them , befides M ares, C o w s , Sheep,
G o a ts, S w in e and A fifes to breed in the
Indies w here th ere w e r e n on e belides,
W h e a t, B a r le y , and feverat H erbs and
Plants o f Europe to b rin g up in th a tC o u n -
tr y . T h is F le e t fail’d fro m Cadiz, on
th e 2 5 th o f September, and k e e p in g a lo n g
n ear the L in e , the fti ft L an d it d ife o y e r’ d
was, the Jfland afterw ard s call’d D efea-
da. T h e n th ey cam e to Puerto de Plata
In the I (land Hifpaniola, and thence to
Pnerto Real, w h e re th ey found the 3 8
Spaniards w h o w e re k ill’d fo r h aving a t-
, tem pted to fo rce the /«d W /W o m en .H ere
Columbus Founded a C ity and call’d it Ifa-
bella, in H onour o f the Q ueen. T h is
done he fe a t back Antony de Torres w ith
1 2 sh ip s in to Spain, to c a rry P refen ts o f
G o ld , P a rro ts, Indians and o th er th in gs,
and he w ith th ree o th er Ships w en t on
to difcQ ver fu rth e r accord in g to his O r-
ders. H e d ife o v e r’ d the Ifland Baba,
S I and other lefler Iflands. H e fell at v a r i-
ance w ith th e P o p e ’s V ic a r fo r his fe v c -
r it v tow ard s the P ricfts and Spaniards,
and thereupon w as call'd to C o u rt, w h i-
th er he c a rry ’d rich P re fe n ts, and y e t
./ P E T
<SL
S P ~ A I T T ... —.... " f f f
w a s r e p r o v ’d fo r his H arflin efs to th e
Spaniards.
H a v in g o b ta in ’d 8 Sail m ore he fe a t a- Jcj. V o f ,
w a y 2 b efo re him under th e C om m and o f age;
his B ro th er, loaded w ith P rovision s and
A m m u n itio n ; and he h im fe lf w ith the 0 -
th er fix let out froaiS. Lttcar de Barrarneda
in M ay 16 9 7 . From the M adera-U hnd
he len t th ree Sh ip s to Hifpantela w ith
3 0 0 M en. W it h the other three he k e p t
c lo fe to the I ro e till he d ifeo ver'd the
C o n tin en t call'd Tana, alo n g which he
coafted 3 3 0 Leagu es, as fa r as C a p e r s ,
w h ere fin k in g athw art a g re a t T r a f t
o f Sea he a rriv 'd at Stwto Domingo, a
C it y bu ilt by his B ro th e r on the Banks
o f the R iv e r Ozama, w h ere be w as re -
c e iv ’d as G o v e rn o r. H ere the Spaniards
fu ffe t’d much, becatifc the Indians thin k-
in g Fam ine w o u ld d riv e them a w a y , did
n o t fo w th eir W heat, which forced them
fo r w an t to eat Snakes and filth y V e r -
m ine. T h e Spaniards are alio laid to
h ave g o t the F o x o f the Indian W o -
m en, and fom e o f them b rin gin g i t o v e r
to Naples, g a v e it to d ie Neapolitans and
French, w h ich m ade the fir It o f thefe
call it the French D ife a fe , and thefe the
Neapolitan.
Bartholomew Columbus B ro th er to the r ,
A d m ir a l, h avin g d ifo b !ig ’d the Spaniards, 4 * . Vof*
th ey made their C o m p lain ts to the K i n g , aae’
w h o fent o v e r Francis de Bovadilla, w h o
c la p t the A d m ira l and his B ro th ers in I -
ro n s, and fo p u t them aboard and fen t
them in to Spain. A fte r fo m e tro u b le
Columbus w as re fto r’d to his A u th o rity ,
and retu rn ’ d w ith three Sh ip s to H ifpa-
niola, w h ere the G o v e rn p u r w o u ld not
fu ffer him to com e in to the P o rt, and
th erefo re he w en t o n t o d ilc o v c r as fa r as
C a p e Higueras, and then on the South
Coafl: to Nombre de Dios. H e retu rn ’d
to Cuba and Jam aica, but could not g e t
to Santo Domingo fo r w an t o f Ships.
H e re his M en m utiny’ d , but the M u tin i-
ers w ere defeated in fight b y Bartholomew
Columbus. T h e A d m iral a fter this r e -
tu rn ’d to Spain, and w hen he thought to
h ave go n e back to America, w as p re -
ven ted by D eath a t Valladolid, in May
15 0 6 . J omit to fay more o f him, becaufe
his L ife is to be feen at large in this C ollctli-
on o f Travels.
A fte rw a rd s feveral attem pted to C o n -
q u er the C ontin en t d ife o v e r’d , but w i n ­
o u t Succcfs. Francis Fernandez, de Cor-
dova fa il’d thither in 1 $ 1 7 > w ith
three fraall V eflels, and d ife o v e r’d fro m
Campeche, to St. John de V iva. John de
G rijalva in 1 5 1 8 , w ith 4 S ail fet o u t b y
Jam es Velafquez. G o v e rn o u r o f Cuba,
both
\ v
C LI
/j#*- ' e° S x • ' ■
|f)|
5 58 /? F<^ge round the W O R L
r s - A ^ i both o f them had Skirmilhes with the
, G e m c lli. I n d ia n s , but could make themfelves Ma-
169%, f t e r s o f n o P la c e .
i s - V 's j H e a v e n had d e flg n ’ d this C onqueft fo r
Corter. Ferdinand Cones, born at Medellin , in
EJhetnadara, w ho w as fen t thith er by
th e a fo r e fa id G o v e rn o r o f Cuba, in N o-
■ vember 1 5 1 8 , w ith the Com m and o f ten
Sail ■, w h ic h he w ou ld afterw ard h ave
tak en fr o m h i m ,o r d e r i n g the A lc a d e
o f th e T o w n o f the Trinity to fecu re
h im . B u t he could not b rin g it ab o u t,
Cortes b e in g v e r y much b e lo v ’d by five
h u n d r e d a n d eigh t Sou ld icrs, and one
h u n d r e d a n d nine S a ile r s he had with him .
Iiis firft H is fit ft C o nq u eft, w as o v e r the V il-
Coaqueft. la g e o f Tabafco, w here the Inhabitants
m a d e fom e oppofition. T h e y h avin g
n e v e r feen any H o rfe s, thought the
H o rfe and the R id e r had been all on e
C rea tu re. U p on Maunday Thurfday, in
th e Y e a r 1 5 1 9 Cones a r r iv ’d at St. John
de V iva , w h ere all his M en Lan ded u p -
on Good-Friday, fo r w h ic h reafo n, that
p la ce w as call'd Vera Cruz.. H ere th ey
c o n t in u ’ d fom e M onths, by reafon o f
t h e o p p o ilt io n m a d e by the Indians ■, till
a t le n g t h , b e in g rc fo lv ’d to C o n q u e r, o r
Mvances t0 fjye, Cortes c a u s ’d the Ships to be
to ju jem b r o k c u p j t ]1a t his M en m igh t h ave no
hopes l e f t o f re tirin g ; and be fen lib le
th eir fa fe ty , confifted in th eir S w o rd s.
A c c o rd in g ly on the 15 th o f Auguft 1 5 1 9 ,
he fet fo rw a rd w ith 4 0 0 M en , fo r the
P ro v in ce o f Tlafcala, le a v in g a fuffici-
enc G a rrifo n at fo ra C ru z. H e h a d fe -
v e r a l Incounters, w ith the Tlafcallans,
w h o thought they w e re fen t ag ain ft
th em , by the Mexicans th eir Enem ies.
T h e Spaniards dvefs’d theirs and th eir
H o rfe s w ounds, w ith the G re a fe th ey
to o k out o f the B o w els o f the Indians
th ey k ill’d. 'The Tlafcallans, at len gth
d iffn ayin g , fu’d for Peace. W h ilft th ey
w e re tre a tin g , fou r Indians came fro m
Montezuma to bid him welcome, and
offer a Tribute, provided he would not
go to Mexico. Cortes entred Tlafcala, on
the 2 3 d September 1 5 1 9 , attended by
Caciques and Lords o f T o w n s; w hoaf-
ter giving him the belt Accomodation
they could, ofFer’d him their Daughters
for W ives •, and fet free many W retch-
es they kept np a Fatting for Sacrifice,
Montezuma fent other Ambafladors with
Gold and Jew els, fearing fome ill Con-
fequence after the Peace concluded with
th e Tlafcallans. A ft e r this Cortes w a s
re c e iv ’d by the c h ie f M en o f Cholula-,
but being in form ’d that th ey, by O rd e r
o f Montezuma, confpir’d to betray him,
he put a g re a t num ber o f them to d eath ,
8 Vo ^
/ * ’ ■ i. -
D. BookHI.
and refcu’d the Prifoners kept to be Sa-
crific’d. Hereupon M o n t e z u m a being •' '
m ore t e r r ify ’d than b e fo re, fen t an o-
ther E m b afly to h im , w ith P refen ts o f
G o ld and R ic h C o v e rle ts , e x cu fin s h im -
f e lf o n account o f the bufinefs o f Cho-
M a, and offerin g v a ft G ifts to Cortes
and T r ib u t e to the E m p e ro r Charles the
5th, p ro vid ed he w o u ld n ot com e in to
the C it y , w hich was all in Confulion fo r
fear o f him , and fo r w an t o f P ro v ifi
ons. Cortes p e r i l i n g in his R efo lu tio n Goes to
to g o , fe v e re ly rep rim an d ed the A m - Mexico.
baffadors, Montezuma p e rc e iv in g th ere
w as no p u ttin g a f lo p to this E v i f m ak -
in g a virtu e o f N e c e ffity , fent his N e -
phew Camatzin, L o r d o f Tefcuco and
other n ob le M en in g re a t P o m p to’ m eet
him a d ays Jo u rn e y off, and conduft him
Cortes cam e w ith th em , through Iztapa-
lapa, to the broad C a u fw ay o f M exico ■
w h ith er Coadlavacca and Cmoacan the
E m p ero r’ s near K iu fm e n came o u t to
meet him . A ft e r t h e m , cam e other-
Lo rd s, and Montezuma h im fd f a lia lit-
ed w hen he faw Cortes, w h o did the lik e
and p refen ted him w ith a C o llar o f fa lfe
Stones. A f t e r this C erem on y M onte-
zuma d ep arted , o rd e rin g his N ep h ew s
the L o rd s o f Tefcuco and Cuyoacan to
con du it him to th e P alace, w here his
F ath er Axayaca had liv ’d, w h ofe Id o ls
and T r e a fu r e w ere there’ ffill y and to
p ro vid e q u arters fo r the Souldiers. H e re
Montezuma again , m et Cortes and p re fe n t-
ed him a C o llar o f G o ld , treatin g all his
Men p le n tifu lly a t Su p p er. T h is th ey
fay w as on the 1 8th o f November 1 5 1 9 .
T h e E m p e ro r w as then 4 0 Y e a rs o f
A g e , o f a go od S ta tu re , a d a rk C o m -
p le x io n , a chearful C oun tenance, w o re
Ihort H a ir, and a litt le black Beard
H e l i v ’d in g re a t S ta te, as w ell in re-
gard o f the num ber o f his C o u rtie rs MontW
as o f his Souldiers. W h e n he w en t to m ‘
the Cu, or Tem ple, he carry’d a Rod
made half o f Gold, and half o f Wood
feveral great Men going before him *
two o f whom carry’d two Maces as
the Hieroglyphic^ o f Juftice. Cortes
and fome o f his Officers defiring to fee
this great Temple, to which there was
an Afcent o f 1 1 4 fteps; Montezuma te­
ceiv’d him very Com tcooily, and from
the top o f it, ffiew’d him all’ the City
moll o f it in the Lake, to which the
way was over three Banks, or Dikes one f" ■
c a ll’d o f Iztapalapa, another o f Tacuba
the th ird o f Tepeaquilla, w ith D r a w -
bridges, at certain diftances. H e a lfo
(liew’d him the Tem ple o f Nuychilobos
the G o d o f W a r , and o f Tezcatepuca o f
H e ll,
w
IP
Chap. IV. Of N E W
r v \ jr \ H ell, both B ro th ers, fu ll o f a deadly
Gcmclli, p en d ) caus’d by the M en there Sacri-
16 9 8 . fic’d. . tezuma made 3 P rifo n e r, th o u gh E o f ref-
T h e Souldiers one day fearching a -
He Is fe- bout fo r a p i3ce t0 a Church o f,
curd" broke through in to an A p artm en t, the
D o o r w h ere o f had been lately made u p ,
w here they found a gre at q uan tity o f
G o ld , and Je w ls , it being M ontezum a ’s
T r e a lu r e , which they thou ght fit to Chut
up again, w ith out takin g a n y th in g a -
w ay. Cortes had re lb lv ’d to fecure
M ontezum a , but w as afraid o f d ie Sue-
te fs, bceaufe o f the finall number o f
his Men. F o r this realbn he co n triv’d
to deceive hitn, b rin g in g him by fa ir
means to his Q u arters, and then tell him
. he m ull be content to live a P rifo n e r,
o r to dye. A fte rw a rd s u n d em an d in g
that the Indians a t Fera -cru z, had k ill’d
John de Efcalam e , and fix o th er M en ,
( which made che Indians take h eart,p er-
ceivin g that the Tettlis o r G o d s conic
from the E a ft, w e re M o rta l) he lay'd
hold o f this o p p o rtu n ity , to q u arrel
w ith Montezuma. H aving th erefore fe a t
a M eflage b efo re, he w en t w ith five o f
bis m oft refolutc C om m anders to the
E m p ero r’ s Palace, and there lo u d ly up-
braiding him w ith breach o f F a ith , told
him , lie m uft fubm it to be his P rifo n e r,
or t efblve to d ye. M ontezum a excus’d
him felf, prom ifing S atisfad io n , and u rg -
ing it w as nut p ro p e r to m ake him a
P rifo n e r; but being frig h ted at th e O ffi-
cers Sw ord s^ n d at the W o rd s o f M arina
the W om an I n te r p r e te r , w h o made
him lenfible o f his D a n g er, he o ffer’d
a Son and tw o D a u gh te rs as Heritages,
and Cones refillin g, fuffer’d h im felf to
be c a rry ’d to his Q u arters, w here a
G u ard w as put upon him. L o rd s and
other Subjects, cam e from Places fa r d i-
ft ant, to him about their A ffa irs, and
w en t into his Prefence b are-fo o ted , n ot
rig h t fo rw a rd , but fideling, w ith their
E y e s fix t on the G rou n d , and o rd in ary
C o ve rin g s on them , leavin g the R ic h
ones w ithout. W h en they cam e b efore
him , they bow ’d three tim es, and when
they w ent a w a y , w e re not to turn their
Backs. T h e four Com m anders w ho had
k ill’d Efcalam e, w e re brought Prifoners,
and Cortes condem n’d them to be B u r n t ;
p u ttin g F ette rs upon Montezum a ,
,, w h ilft it w as doin g. H e ask’d leave once,
to g o out a H u n tin g, and another tim e
to the T e m p le ; that his P eople m ight
believe he w a s not kept P rifo n er, which
w a s granted him w ith a G u ard o f 15 0
Spaniards, a n d notice given him , th a t
1 upon the Je a f t com m otion o f the Peo-
1 M on-
^ V
**.
Sl
S P A i N. 559.
p ie , they w ould kill him. Gacam dtzt*
K in g o f Tejcuco , fe e in g his U n d e M m -
cu in g him , and cro w n in g h im fe lf E m -
p e ro r, which his delign he im p arted to
the L o rd s o f Izjata U p a , Tacuba, and C a-
yoacan, M o n t c u t m N ep h ew s. Pie ha -
vin g notice o f it, w ould have C en ts fe -
cure them all, as w as a cc o rd in g ly d on e
by his O rd ers, which w ere o b ey ’d, tho’
he w as P rifo n er. T h e Im p rifo n m e n to f
thefe great M en, em boldued Cones to
dem and o f M ontezum a, that he Ihouid
iw e a r Fealty to the K in g o f Caftilcv and
he co n fu tin g w ith tli6 P rin cip al C a ­
f i f u i , re fo lv ’d to do it, which he did
in F o rm , p ro m ifin g to pay a T rib u te ,
w ith the T e a rs Handing in his E yes,an d
the lame w as done by the P etty K in g s,
fa h je d to him.
Cones feein g fo much G o ld , w ould
needs k n o w , w here they found it, and
Montezuma feut fome Indians to three
feveral Places with Spanijh O fficers, w ho
retu rn ’d w ith the value o f 15 0 0 pieces
o f E igh t, in G o ld d u ff, which the l n -
dim s had gath er’d in the Sand o f cer-
tain R ivers. A ft e r this the E m p ero r
m ade a P refcnt by w ay o f T rib u te to
the K in g o f Spain, of all his Fathers
T re a fu re , which w as Ihuc up in the a-
form ention’d A p artm en t ; befides m any
Je w e ls brought him by the Caciques.
A U the G o ld b ein g m elted into P lates,
b y the K in g ’s O fficers and S eal’d , there
w as found to the value o f tfo oooo pieces
o f Eight*, w h e re o f one 5th p a rt being
d ed u ced fo r the K in g , and another fo r
Cortes, the reft was divid ed am ong the
M en. T h e Ido l P riefts p ro v o k ’d^ that
C orns bad le t up the C ro fs upon th eir
T e m p le excited the P eo p le to fall upon
’ em ,and therefore Ahwrrwww advis’d hint
to b e g o n e ; but he to gain tim e, faid he
had d eftro y ’d his Ships, and could not
g o , till he had built three Ships. Mon-
tezuma allo w ’d o f the d elay , o rd e r’d
W orkm en to build the Ships, and p ro -
rais’d to keep the P eople quiet,
T h is b ein g the P o ftn rc o f A ffa irs at
M exico , and Jam es Ftlafquez. underhand- rent a-
in g that Cortes, had fent D epu ties to the ° t'r uu
E m p ero r w ith rich P re fe n ts, w ithout
takin g notice o f nim, he fitted out 19
S ail, w ith 14 0 0 Men and zo pieces o f
C annon, and fent them under the C o m -
maud o f Pamphilo de N arvaez^ w ith
whom w ent a n O y d o r e ,o r Ju d g e o f San-
to Domingo, to m ediate betw een him ,
and Cortes, fince it h ad been in h is P o w -
er to hinder his Petting otit. The F leet
com ing into the P o rt o f ^ John de V iva ,
i
J
f1)1 §L
■ G° i x
//> — < V \

5<5o ^ Foj/^ge round the W O R L D . Book 111

< > A -^ Montezuma foon had n o tice o f it ; b e - G a r r ifo n w ith 4 0 0 M en , to b e f e t u p o n
” 3 • c a ilf e th e Indians w h o w e re upon G u a r d b y an in fin ite m u ltitu d e o f Indians w ith
* 2 9 «. at that P o r t, brough t th e w h o le F le e t S lin g s , A r r o w s , S ta v e s , and S to n e s, fo
p a ,need upon a C lo th o f Nequen o r th at th e y w o u n d ed h im , and k ill’d f e v c -
Maghcy. H e fent Narvaez, a g o o d P r e - r a l o f his M e n , and then w en t to fire
fe n t o f G o ld , Q u it s , and P ro v ih o n s , th e ir Q u a rte rs , w h ich w as p u t o u t a t
and had m a n fw e r fro m h im , th at Cones N ig h t. In the M o rn in g the Spaniards
w as a R u n -a w a y , and R e b e l to his K i n g , re n e w ’d the fig h t, b u t b ein g o v e r p o w -
and that be w as com e to fecu re h im , e r ’d b y the m u ltitu d e o f E n em ie s, m an y
and d e liv e r Montezuma fro m his Im p r i- w e re k ill’d , th o ’ th e y tell n o t un re
ionm ent. Cortes b ein g in fo rm ’d h e r e o f v e n g ’d ; and th e r e ft r e t ir ’d to th e ir
b y Montezuma, w h o th o u g h t he had Q u a rte rs , to fo r t ify th em felve s. H e re
k n o w n it all b e fo re, h a v in g a d vis’d w ith th ey w e r e fo v ig o ro u fly aflaulted in th e
lus C a p ta in s, w r it to N a rvaez, d e firin g N ig h t , th at m any d r o p t on both fides.
h im fo r th e H o n o u r o f th e ir N a tio n , and T h e W a r co n tin u in g , th e Spaniards
th e fake o f the K in g ’ s S e rv ic e , n ot to m ade fo m e w o o d e n T o w e r s to re m o v e
ra ife th e C it y ag ain ft him , caufed M on- and w e n t ou t to burn th e T e m p le but
tezurna to be fet at L ib e r t y , o ffe rin g w e re beaten back to th e ir Q uarters’ w ith
him all th at w as C o n q u e r’d , and p r o - th e lo fs o f 4.6 M en . T h is m ade th em
m ifin g to r e tire to a n o th e r P ro v in c e , r'efo lve to fue f o r P eace the n e x t D a v
N a rva ez in fte a d ot g iv in g ear to th e fe and to d e p a rt M exico ; but as foon as e v e r
la ir P ro p o fo ls, p ut the Oydore in to Ir o n s , it w as D a y th ey w e r e a tta c k ’d b y th e
becam e he a d v is d him to P eace, and Indians on all fid es, w ith fuch F u ry th at
m arch out w ith his F o rce s to w a rd s Art?*- Cortes w a s fo rc e d to feud a R e lig io u s
,co. Cortes h e arin g o f i t , le ft Peter de M an to Montezuma, to defire he w o u ld
A lvarado , w ith fom e M en to fecu re M on- m ake h is Su b je& s d e fift, and he w o u ld M m eV<-
tezrtma and th e ir F o r t , and fe t ou t h im - be go n e im m ed ia tely. Montezuma b c _ OT‘,k lll’d*
fe lf, w ith th e re ft o f his F o rc e s, to in g ft ill A n g r y , re fu s’ d at firft, but’ then
m eet N a rva ez , dem anding , alfiftance o f c o m p ly ’d , and fro m a G a lle r y co m m an d -
h is F rien d s a t Tlafcala. H is M en , an d ed th e M exicans to la y d o w n th eir A rm s
a b o v e 6 0 0 0 Indians arm ’ d w ith P ik e s , T h is w a s acc o rd in g ly don e, but im m e-
Kan’ser r ° ^ ec,P ° 7 . , i e H o rle , p re p a r’d to d e - d ia te ly fo u r Caciques cam e up to the E m -
routed. - « nd th em felve s. Cortes b e in g com e w ith p e r o r , and told h im , T h a t the P e o p le
h is litt le A r m y , w ith in a L e a g u e o f b ein g h ig h ly o ffe n d e d , an d re fo lv ’d that
Cempoalla, m the d a rk o f the N ig h t , the Spaniards Ihould P e r ilh , w h a te v e r
pafs d o v e r a B ro o k th at w a s b efo re h im , cam e o f i t , had cho fen an oth er E m p e -
and fu r p n z in g N arvaez and his F o r c e s , r o r , f o r w hich th e y n e v e rth e le fs b e g ’d
ro u te d , and to o k him P rifo n e r, w ith o - his P ard o n . N o fo o n e r w e re th efe W o r d s
th e rs o f lu s O fficers, and all his C a n - lp o k e n , bu t the Indians le t fly m an y
non 5 o b ta in in g a corn p leat V ic to ry o - Stones an d A r r o w s t o w a rd s Montezuma
v e r an A r m y fix tim es m ore num erous fo th at he w as w o u n d ed in the H e a d ’
than lus. T h e n e x t d a y all the S o u l- A r m s , a n d L e g s , w h e r e o f he loon a ft e r
d iers o f the a d ve rfe P a r t y , to o k an d y ’d , h a v in g re ig n ’d 1 7 Y e a rs.
O ath to be o b ed ien t to him ; fo that he Cortes acquainted th e new K in g w ith
h a vin g n ow lecu r d 1 9 S h ip s, fent t o f e - Montezuma's D e a th , an d fen t him his
v e r a l T a rts, to m ake n ew C o n q u efts. B o d y , th a t it m ig h t be ho no urably B u -
A d v ic e w as b rou gh t him fro m Peter de r y ’d ; and then dem anded o f the M ex i-
Alvarado tiiat he w as b efieg’d , the C i - cans, to p u t on e o f Montezuma's Sons in
ty h aving re v o lte d , and ftood in n eed Poffeflion o f the E m p ire , becaufe he w h o m
o f lp e e d y Succour. Cortes th e re fo re th ey had C h o fen w as no la w fu l E m p e ro r ■
le a v in g N arvaez in C u fto d y at Vera re n e w in g his D em and s o f Peace in o rd e r
Cruz-> m arcI’ d ,aw a y In all fp e e d w ith to d e p a rt Mexico. In ftead o f Peace th ev
befieg’d in J o o t> a 'ld H ° r f e > befides 2 ° ° ° fe H fa rio u fly upon his Q u a rte rs, tha^t
Mexico. Tl.ifcallans. H e en tred M exico on th e th ey k ill’ d m any S o ld ie rs , w h ere u p o n
24 th 1 o t June 1 5 2 0 , and Montezuma the n e x t D a y Cortes m arch ’d o u t w ith all
co m in g to m eet him in the C o u rt, he his F o rc e s, to be r e v e n g ’d , burnt m any
w o u id not fpeak to h im , being a n g r y H o u fes, and k ill’d abundance o f Indians,
that he had held a C o rre fp o n d e n c c but w ith g re a t lo fs on his fide. P e rc e iv -
w ith A aruaez. T h is fo incens’d th e in g it w as im polfible to w ith ftan d fuch
E m p e ro r, th a t not re g a rd in g the F e a l- N u m b ers o f E n em ie s, P ro vifio n s an d
ty he had S w o rn , he caus d Jam es de P o w d e r g r o w in g fc a rc e , he r e fo lv ’d to
Ordas as he w as m arch in g out o f th e d ep art M exico. F ir ft he k il l ’d M onte­
zuma e,

v f.
W '
«
Ch^Hv: Of N E W S T a J n .
z^w ^’s K in d red , and the p etty K in g s he
Gemelli. had P rifo n e rs, and then on Tburfday the
16 9 8 . 10 th o f Ju ly 1 5 2 0 , w hen the Indians
leaft e x p e & e d it, h a vin g divided the a -
kaves fo rem en tio n ’d G o ld am o n g his S o ld ie rs,
Mexico, began to M arch file n tly ou t o f the C it y ,
c a rry in g alon g w ith him a w ooden B rid g e
to pafs o v e r thofe P la ces w h ere the
Banks w e re broken d o w n . A s he w as
palling o v e r the Banks a t M id -n ig h t, th o ’
it was v e r y D a rk , the E nem y p e rc e iv ’d
h im , and attackin g him both b y L a n d ,
and fro m the C anals in a g re a t num ber
o f B o ats, k ill’d at leaft tw e n ty Spaniards,
p a rt w ith the S w o rd , and p art d ro w n ’d
m the W a te r -, belides feveral P rifo n e rs,
the C anals being ch o ak ’d w ith dead M en
and H o rfes. Alvarado here ta k in g a
w on d erfu l L ea p to elcap e tailing into the
E nem ies H ands, that P lace is to this D a y
call’d Alvarado's L e a p . _ H a vin g pafs'd
the B rid g e , Cortes cam e in all haft to Ta-
cuba, w ith the Indians a lw a y s at his Back ;
but b eing alham’ d th at m any w e re le ft
behind W o u n d e d , e x p o s’d to th e C ru -
e lty o f the barbarous E n em y , he tu rn 'd
back to fetch them o f f Bu t feein g the
P eo p le o f Tacuba and Efcapuzako all in
A rm s ag ain ft him , he w as fo rced , fo l-
lo w in g Tlafcallan G u id e s, to take the b y
R o a d s, ftill purfu’d by the Indians in
the d ark N ig h t. B e in g com e to a T c m -
p ic , he h alted , fo rtify in g h im fetf to
have the C o n ven ien cy o f D reflin g his
w ounded Men-, fo r w h ich R eafo n a fte r-
w ards the Church o f ou r L a d y de las
Comes to Remedlas, w as ere fte d there. T h is w as
Tltfcdt. call’d the difm al N ig h t, becaufe o f the
g re a t S lau g h ter, efp ecially o f th o fe, w h o
fo rw ard e d their ow n D eath b y n o t fo r-
1 fak in g th eir G o ld . T h e y con tinu’d th eir
R e tre a t ftill facin g the M exicans ; but
the B a ttle on the 14 th o f July n ear O-
tumba w as v e ry rem arkab le, and the
S lau gh ter w as g re a t on both fides, a fter
w hich upon a M u fter, there w ere found
but 4 4 0 Spaniards. T h is fm all B o d y
com ing to Tlafcala w as w ell re c e iv ’ d ,
tho’ it had loft 12 0 0 Tlafcallans.
Cortes re- Quaubtimoc, Mcntezjtma's n ear K in f-
inforced. man began his R e ig n a t Mexico , being
e le & e d , as w as faid before \ and at the
fam e tim e 1 2 0 M en, and 1 7 H o rfe acci-
dentally’ rein forced Cortes , fo r Francis
de Garay having fent three Ships to take
PoffefTion o f the R iv e r o f Vanuco, the
S old iers m eeting w ith m ore O ppofition
than they exp ected , w en t all a w a y to
Cortes.
H e now thought go od to fend aw ay
fom e O fficers and S o ld ie rs, p a rt in to
Spain, and p art to Htfpaniola and Cuba,
V o l. IV .
Sl
$ j ‘
to m ake kn o w n w h at he had d on e till
that tim e ; and lo m e to Jam aica to buy
H o rfes. A n o th e r p arcel o f S o u ld iers
cam e ou t o f Spain, and a rriv in g a t Vc~
ra-Cruz. jo y n ’d h im , fo that on the 2 5 th
o f December he m arch’d to w a rd s Tefcuco,
w ith his Spaniards and 10 0 0 0 Ttafcatlans,
T h e r e he was ho n o arab ly re c e iv ’d by fe -
ven o f the p rin cip al Lords o f the C o u n -
t r y , and the p e tty K in g , w ho g a v e him
a G o ld Banner. Som e D a y s a fte r, find-
in g h im fe lf S tro n g , h aving re c e iv ’d an -
o th er R e c ru it brought by the K in g ’s
T r e a fu r e r in one S h ip , jmd 1 3 B rig a n -
tines he had caus’d to he B u ilt being rea-
d y ; he firft fubdu'd the C o u n try ab ou t,
w h ich had r e v o lt e d ; and then r c fo lv ’d
to g o about the L a k e , through the C a -
nals to find ou t the p ro p e re ft w ay to B e -
liege Mexico.
A c c o rd in g ly he fe t out on the 5th o f Retdrnsto
A pr,l 1 5 2 1 , w ith 3 5 5 Spaniards, a n d a - Mexico,
b o ve 2 0 0 0 0 a r m 'd Indians, b e lid e s thofe
w h o fo llo w ’d the A rm y like C ro w s on -
ly to g lu t them felves w ith M a n ’s FJelh.
A f t e r fubdoing TefpittUn, palling fo r -
w a rd th ro ’ Cornavaca, he o v e rth re w the
M exicans in a blood y F ig h t, but th ey
b rin g in g frelh F o rce s, attack ’ d the Spani-
ards feveral tim es at SucbimUco. Cortes
re tu rn ’d to Tefcuco, and underftanding
th at a Frien d o f Narvaez, w as co n fp irin g
w ith others to M urd er him , he caus d
the C o n fp irato rs to be H an g’d.
U p o n a M u lle r at Whitfontide 1 5 2 1 *
he found he had 8 4 H o rfe , 6 5 0 F o o t
a rm ’d w ith S w o rd , and L an ce, a n d 1 9 4
w ith F ire -A rm s . H e to o k 1 5 0 o f th efe,
and d iftrib u ted them am ong the B rig a n -
tines, each o f which c a r r y ’d t w e lv e O ars 5
th e reft o f his M en he d ivided in to n in e
C o m p an ies, g iv in g one Man the c h ie f
Com m and o v e r three o f them. H e o r -
d e r’d 8 0 0 0 Tlafcallans to g o B e lieg e / t -
tapalapa, Cuioacan, and Tacuba, and
b ro k e dow n the Aqueduct o f Cbapultepeci
th at c a rry ’d the W a te r to Mexico. H e
w e n t in his B rigan tin es about the L a k e ,
and fink ing fe v e ra l Canooes o f In d ia n s
m ade his w a y o v e r to Ictapalapa to r e ­
lie v e Gonxjdo de Sandoval, w h o w as b c-
fet b y feveral Bodies o f M exicans. H a-
y in g brought him off; he fent him to A t -
tack the Bank o f Tepeaejuilla, n o w ca ll’d
the C a u fw a y o f o u r L a d y o f Guadalupe,
w h ilft he d ivid in g his F o rces in to th ree
P a rts, and Back'd by the B rigan tin es
w e n t to A flau lt the Mexicans. T h e Spa*
niards could do little go o d , becaufe at
N ig h t they lo ft all the G ro u n d th ey had
g a in ’d upon the C a u f w a y s ; fo r all the
H oufes being encom pafs’d With W a te r ,
Bbbb w ith
f(J)l
/<v^e ■ g°5 x
562 Voyage round the W O R L D.
w ith T r e n c h e s cut about them , the / * -
Uemelli. ditins open’d them at N ig h t, that the
16 9 8 M en and H orfes m ight d ro p in.
V */"Y "V On the 24 th o f June the Spaniards
w ere attack’d on all (ides, and tho’ th ey
kept their G ro u n d w ith a v e ry fm all lofs *
Vet Cones b ein g fenfible that a ll d elays,
w ere P reju d icial, his A rm y d ecreafing,
he refo lv’d to break on a hidden into
Tlatelsdco, then the g re a te ll Square in
Mexico , now the M onaftery o f Samia-
\o, o r St .Jam es, o f the f.rancifcans, and
thence advance to gain the Streets o f
Mexico. T h e three little Squadrons ad-
van ced three feveral w ays, but all to no
p u rp o fe ; for Cortes p u lh in g too fo r-
w ard upon o n e o f the C a u fw a y s, w hi-
th e r the Indians had d raw n him by g iv -
in g w ay ; and being bore dow n by the
W a te r and M u d , w as wounded in the
L e g , and 6 0 o f his M en taken P rifo n -
ers 1 nor did the ocher Squadrons fu ller
le fs, being attack ’d in C anooes by W a -
t e r } and by L a n d with Sticks and Stones
from the tops o f the H o u les, n or could
the Brigan tines relieve t h e m , being
k e p t o ff'b y the T im b e rs laid acrofs the
Channels. T h e Indians Sacrific’d all the
Spaniards they had taken, to the Id o l
Huychilobos \ call trig th eir Bodies ou t to
be d evo u r’d b y W ild B eafts, and keep-
in g on ly the l e g s and A rm s , to eat
th em w ith C h iM e , a hot Sauce. T h e y
flead their F aces, to put on that Skin
th ey took of! lik e a V iz o r at the Solem -
n it y .
Indians A fte r fo m any Ioffes, the Sou ldiers o f
forfake TlafcaU, Tefcuco, and o th er places, w ent
Cones. a w a y home d efp airin g o f Succefs } fo
th at the few Spaniards w e re le ft to
keep the P o lls they had fecur’d , p art o f you have b ra v ely d efen d ed y o u r C it y
them filling the D itches w ith E arth and
F afcin e, w h ilft others flo o d upon th eir
G u a rd , the Brigan tines a t the fam e tim e
w ith all th eir force, ftriv in g to break
throu gh the ob ftru & ion s Iay’ d again ft
them in the C anals. T h u s they advan-
ced fo far w ith out fallin g in to the W a -
ie r , notw ithftanding the o p p ofitio n o f
the Mexicans, that the S o u ld ie rso f 77 <«/i
ed a , and Tefcuco, came again to their
a ffi fiance.
In the mean w h ile Cortes made a p p li- ■ C o n q ueft, Cortes had g iv e n him fo r his
turn fe' cation to the K in g fo r P eace, but he dai-
Jy g re w m ore ob llin ate in c a rry in g on
the W a r } w hich m ade Cortes demand fup-
p lies o f his C onfederates. T h e y being
com e, p erceivin g the K in g w o u ld not
hearken to any accom m odation , he
caus’d the C ity to be aflaulted at all three
A tta c k s, and gain’d G rou n d as far as the
g re a t T e m p le o f Tlateldco , on w hich
^ GG
f
§L
Book 111.
he fet: up his C o lo u rs. ''T h r e e d a p af- He take
te r, all the three A tta c k s w ere e a r n d g g 0™ *
on fo fu cce fsfu lly , that they m et in on e ' 5
B o d y . T h e n the K in g and his Men re -
t ir ’ d to that P o rt o f the C it y , w h e re '
the H oufcs w ei e encom pafs’ d w ith W a -
te r > but there m any w e re k ill’d by th e
Spaniards (hot, w h o had d raw n up all
th eir F o rce in the place o f Tlatdulco.
Peace w as dem anded a third tim e, but
the Indians^ a fter a C ffFation o f th ree
d ays, fell again upon the Spaniards, w h o
had been fu p p ly ’ d w ith P o w d e r, and 0 -
ther necedkries, by a Sh ip com e from
Spain. Cones feein g the K in g w ould n ot
hearken to Peace, re ly in g on the W a -
ter that fecu r’d him , o rd er’d Chnfiopher
de Sandoval to befiege him w ith th e B r i-
gantm es. T h is don e, the K in g fearin g 1
the P eo p le w o u ld k ill him , g o t into a
B o at w ith his W iv e s and heft m ovea-
bles, and fled o v e r the L a k e * which
Sandoval under H anding, he fent Garcia
Holguin after him ; w ho to o k him and
ah his C o m p an y, and brough t him to
Cortes, w ith out touching any thing that
belon g’d to him , p articu larly the W o -
m en, fo r whom the K in g w as concern’d.
Cortes had been on the top o f a T e m -
p ie , to v ie w the A ctio n } but as loon as King of
he heard o f the K in g ’s being taken, he “ £c,
came d o w n to p rep are a place t o r e - ty ttken.
ceive him F rien d ly. T h e w retched
P rin ce, w ith T e a r s Handing in his E y e s,
faid to him , Lord M elinche, I have done
my ® Mty in defending my City and People:
Since fortune has thrown me into your
Hands, 1
defire you to kill me with that
Sword byyourfide,that I may not be reduc’d
to a more referable Condition. Beta life
(a n fw e r’d Cortes) y o u d e fe r v e th e g r e a t -
e r H onour and E fteem . T h a t fame day
he fent him to Cuyoacan w ith Sandoval.
T h is hapning in the E v e n in g , on the
13 th o f 1 5 2 1 , being the day o f
St. Hippolitus, a fter a Siege o f p 3 D ays }
th erefo re the A n m verfiiry ot the Corn­
q u ell is k e p t on that d a y , as has been
fa id befo re. Quauhtimof, w as about
2 4 Y ears o f A g e , well made, o f a d a rk
C o m p lexio n , and a lon g Face. F o r this
Coat o f A rm s three C ro w n s, w ith a B o r-
dure o f ie v e n K in g s heads. H e d ifm ifl
all the Indians that bad aflifled him, w ith
T h a n k s, fending them aw ay loaded w ith
Spoils ot the C o n q uer’d * and the M ex-
icons thought them felves v e r y R ich , in
c arry in g aw ay m any L oad s o f d r y ’d
F lefh , o f the flain Mexicans.
A uer
HI s
.-oypf^y''
Chap. V. Of N E W ~ Y T ~ a T
( W 1 A ft e r cleanfing the S tre ets, and rem o v-
Gemelli. in g the dead B o d ies, the n e x t th in g w as
i 6 9 8 - the T o r tu r in g the L o rd ofTefcuco, to ob -
I S Y \ J lig e him to d ifc o v e r w h ere the G o ld w as
h id , all they had found being w o rth but
3 8 5 0 0 0 C ro w n s. T h e n the C ity Was
R e b u ilt, th at it m igh t be again In habit-
ed , and le v e ra l C om m anders w ere len t
to fubdue oth er P r o v i n c e s a n d Cortes
w e n t in P erfo n , and C o n q u er’ d that o f
Fanuco. A f t e r his retu rn to Mexico , he
fc n t tw o Ships to Spain, and in them ,
Alonzo de A vila , and Antony de Quinones,
w ith a P refen t o f 22,0 T h o u fa n d C ro w n s
in G o ld P la te s, and a ll that w as le ft o f
Montezuma’* T r e a f u r e , to ask o f the
K in g the G o ve rn m en t o f New Spain fo r
h i m a n d intreat him not to fend L a w -
y e rs into the Indies, to breed D iflen tio n
am ong the Inhabitants.
T h e fe tw o f a il’d on the 20 th o f D e-
cember 1 5 2 2 5 but being com e to the Ter-
t era Iflands, Florin a French P irate took
both the Ships, G o ld and Je w e ls , and
C arry’d A vila P rifo n e r in to France, Q ui-
nones being D ead before. T h e K in g o f
France, w hen thac rich T re a fu re w as
brough t to h im , fa id , The Emperor
C h arles K. and the King o f P o rtu gal have
divided the new World between them, with-
out allowing me any Share -, / would defire
them to fsow me A d a m ’j Will, which E n -
titles them to it.
A vila g o in g in to Spain did n ot o n ly
obtain the G o ve rn m en t o f New Spain
fo r Cortes, but a C onfirm ation o f the
D iv ifio n he had m ade o f the C o u n try a-
m ong the C onquerors •, and P o w er to do
the lik e fo r the future. Som e tim e a fter
Cortes fent the E m p e ro r 8 0 0 0 0 C ro w n s,
and a ftnall C u lverin cu rioufly w ro u g h t,
all o f G o ld and S ilv e r , call’d the P h e-
n ix , w ith this In fcription ,
jiv e nacio fin par,
To en ferviros fin fegundo,
T vos fin igual en el mundo»
T h a t is, A s the P h en ix has no M ate,
fo neither had an y M an fe rv ’d you lik e
m e, n o r h ave you a n y E qu al to yo u in
the W o r ld .
Cortes g o in g a fte rw a rd s to punifh the
0 ' T ‘ "....... " ~~
CHAP.
jr T *«»* • ,
The Difcovery and Conquefis of Peril.
• r pfrarro’s X j^ Rancis ^ tarro m et n ot **° m ucJ 1
difcovery. J ; D ifficu lty in Peru. H e fa il’d th i-
ther in the Y e a r 1 5 2 5 , w ith tw o Ships
Vol. IV.
~ « '- r ’ *
' / '
§L
n.
R e b e llio n o f Chrifiopher de Olid, in the
P rovin ces o f Higueras and Honduras, to o k
alo n g w ith him Quaughtimoc, and the
L o r d o f Tacuba, ~aad caus’d them to be
H a n g ’d in the V illa g e o f Gheyacold ;
w hich A & io n his o w n M en did n ot a p -
p ro v e of. T h e K in g b efo re his D e a th other
la id ,1 have been long convinced o f the Ccaquefla
Falfood o f your Words, Captain M elin ch e,
and that you would put ytc to Death ; m -
happy I that did not kill my fe lf that fam e
Day you were KiUorious over me. I hope
God will Pum f you, fo r killing me fo wrong-
fully. The Lord o f T a cu b a, Paid he, was
pleas’d to D ie with the King his Uncle.
F in d in g Olid alread y put to D eath , Cor-
tes w ith incredible C e le rity fubdu’d thofe
and o th er P ro vin ces, and retu rn ’d to
Mexico in June 15 2 5 .
B e in g afterw ard s put upon his T r ia l Cortes
by the E m p e ro r’s O rd er, he w as d e p riv ’d made a
o f the G o vern m en t o f New Spaing and Marquels.’
th erefo re w en t aw ay to C o u rt. H e w as
th ere honourably received in the Y e a r
1 5 2 7 , and created M arquefs del Katie,
w o rth at this D a y 6 0 0 0 0 pieces o f E ig h t
a Y e a r, and had the T i t l e o f C aptain
G e n e ra l o f New Spain, and o f the South
Sea ■, and to com pleat his H o n o u r, fa l-
lin g Sick the E m p ero r w en t to fee him .
T h e n retu rn in g in to the Indies -, he r e -
t ir ’d to his ow n E ftate, and a p p ly ’d him -
f e lf to building o f Ships, as he had p ro -
m is’ d to d o , to d ifeo ver o th er Iflands,
and C o un tries on the South Sea. A f t e r
d ifeo verin g California w ith a thoufand
D ila fte rs, and the E xp en ce o f 3 0 0 0 0 0
pieces o f E ig h t, he cam e o v e r to Spain
to have his E xp en ces allo w ’d him bufi
w as fo fa r from g e ttin g his M on y, that
he w as fo rb id g o in g o v e r to the Indies,
till he had flo o d T r i a l . A t length r e -
tu rn in g w ith the E m p e ro r from the S ie g e
o f A rgier, he d y ’d at Cafiilleja on the
Sea C o a ft, near Sevil, o n the fecond o f
December 1 5 4 5 , a t the A g e o f 6 2 . H is
Bones w e re co n vey’d to the M on aftery
o f St. Francis in Mexico, as he had d e-
fir’d. H e w as o f a p ro p o rtio n ab le S ta -
tu re, a fw a rth y C o m p lexio n , a b lack
B e a rd , and had the Scar o f a C u t on hi 3
under L ip .
" ~
V.
'
out ^ J ^ c s de Alm/tgro and
Ferdinand Luque, a P rie ft o f Panama,
h avin g the G o v e rn o u rs leave. L an d in g
B b b b 2 w hen
. i.v X ' : •
5 fc"7 r
1(1)1
x ^ ? .inf^y
<SL

—g^j" ~2 V ^ eT w n d VV O R L D.
" ------ ------ r ~ " , , c ip 'T T oo L e a g u e ? ? he r iv a l a t that P la ce. T h e y b ro u gh t back
r v A > n when he had Sad d 1 0 b a v e r y j i j A n fw e r, w h ereu p o n he p r e -
Gem elli, Fou gh t the Inhabitant . b p a r’d t o g iv e B a ttle , tho’ much in fe rio r
16-98. v e r y , a» d ^ h T b e f w i t h t m in the in P o w e r ? T | * K in g b ein g in fo rm ’d o f
w - ^ ; \ * r“ 5 S S X the R a t o e S o f the m o v 'd
F r a y , lo ft an E y e , c o a ti- w ith a il his A r m y to w ard s Caxam alca.
fo r m ore M en. C o m m H e w as c a rry ’d upon a Seat o f G o ld ,
all 1^ e r d o v ! d°,V° w here the Inhabitants ad orn ’d w ith P a rro ts F eath ers O n his
ail overn ow a , w i H ead, w hich w as S h av’d , he had a W o o l-
LV d W u f lnn ( S t i o n t o 'd o them len C rim fo n C a p , w hich fhow ’d him to
„C
,lr m b f S d “ o th e M aud M be K in g o f t o , and his E ars w e re , 1-
r a." «nd Alm lVro w en t again fo r R e - m oft ren t w ith th e w eigh t o f the G o ld
■ e r t t s t o P a t m l P iv r r o fu tier’d m uch hangin g at them. B ein g com e to C a x a -
* » . and (ailin g thence tnalca^ and h avin g heard ot one lent from
r e T o r a t hc ft 5 >d P i* * k w ho a d vis’d him to pay T r i -
a lte r Alm ag , - ,r „ mw re t bute to the E m p e ro r ; he w as fo m uch
t ® w a ^dsp f ^ c l n d i a w h o a fte rw a rd s offen ded, that he p rc fc n tly began to fliew
rX niS d a t the W e a lth o f h im fe lf an E nem y. T h e n the S p W
K in 'l^A tabaliba. Upon this In form ation fell upon the Peruvians on all fides, but
Fiza rro retu rn ’ d to panama* an d a d v ifm g m ore p articu larly upon the K in g ^ who
retu rn a re fo lv ’d to a fte r much O p p o liu o n , being at laft Aubdibt
w t e f s i p . fa s fr o o t r le u r p l d by his d S m e n t o f f bis bear, w as u ke».
o f thofe Places he fhould C onquer. T h e made P rifo n e r. T h u s the Svarntrdi w e re
E m p e ro r befides the G o ve rn m en t g a v e loop V i& o r s , and C0'ak a |t ^e B) ^ ap e’
him' the T i t l e o f C aptain G e n e ra l and w hich w as w o rth a 1 re a fu re , but P»-
4 i j \y r i nrrl i ientenant o f P o n x-0.fro w a s w ounded in both Hands. A -
r l i f w S t S ? h ? o ™ tabahb. fo r his R an fo m o ffer’d to fill a
i o v - d ^ f c ffo n o u r t T S re tu rn 'd g re a t R o o m w ith S ilv e r and G o ld as
!o the / 2 L wUh his B ro th ers Gonx.aU S g b » # * * " > could reach w ith his
1 A j n n A Frju ris M artin his Hand •, and his O ffer b ein g accepted
Brother' Z ‘ the M other's ude ^ but in - o f, w h en his V icto riou s Com m anders
R ead o f a kind R ecep tio n he found A l - b ro u gh t his B ro th er lu fo n e r ,
mesara much offended, becaufe he had n o t he com m anded him to be killid. Ih >
tnagro “J u ch o “ ’ f , h F m »eror fo r Guafcar had been ap p o in ted H eir o f all
Wm 'i f l X t o g r « S £ ha the K in g d o m s o f f t ™ b y eb eir f t t b e r
haci tw o Ships w ith a fufficient N u m b e r Guaynacapa ; and to A tabahba, w ho w as
. r « / ° \ w kpjnp ib le bv reafou o f a the y o u n g e r B ro th e r, he le ft on ly the
Began his o f Men. b e in g ab ) ■ u K in g d o m o f Q *h o * and this w as the
L L o f the W a t betw een the tw o
in tha' ParJ w k l^ L d the H an d Puna, B ro th ers. T h is w as a lfo the caufe o f
ru F i r f l i rljeq sllo re and then g o - G uafcar^ D eath i fo r the o th er being
i ^ ” e Name o f m f i T l L then L o rd o f all, h o ped to be ab le to
B ro th e r b u t Enemy to K in g i pay P i^ r r o the p ro m is’d Sum. B u t he
B ro th e r, put ^ s p unifh’d a fter th e fam e m anner fo r
V S
t a T J T fK t o B M t y ; fo r h avin g d e liv e r’d the
f f S f T y S U T d not R an fo m , inftead o f b ein g fee at L ib e rty ,
a v a il him becaufe Guafcar w as acquaint- he w as S tra n g le d , in vain filing fo r M cr
e d i i t f e D efign T h is done he fa il’d c y , u p b raid in g f i u r r . w ith breach o f
ed w ith ms ^ i g i M , auc( fa it h , an d dehring to be fent P rifo n e r
to r i ^ e c , and Ian ■ to t he E m p e ro r. T h u s a v a ft C o u n try
bccaufe the G o ■ i • fijb du’d w ithout an y Bloodfhed, both
S S W & b S o -te d iS T p iB

^ J i S r i n g I h f l t o t w h S e call’ d ‘ T h e ' ^ r w ith the A r t o b e i n g at an c w ,

and being threatned on the w a , oy u ic j ^ ^ fel] a£ v a rb n c e

!>d?Pd to viG tW m fro m th e E m p e ro r, w ith and at laft ftranglcd him ,

( l c lr d to l i m a m a c*x** and beheaded his o w n B ro th e r Ferdinand
S I ? he * fo rtify ’d h im fe lf again ft the
«u;n’ f At .Usiiht a n d then fent t w o his F ath er s D eath , it aim ing trancts j t
Mcffc rger^ to ^ at^ u ain t him w°ich his A r - t o , , b aftard Son to A t o v of

*
f(S)|
X^fr? .vtfff j/ __'___~ ■ •' *■ •• ___
Chap. VI. O fN ~E W
N a va rre, at Lim a in th e Y e a r 1 5 4 1 . T in ’s
o*" r ^is cl c° u h d c r a b le F o r c e s , and
SJS. a t le n g th b e in g in R e b e llio n c a m e to a
v io le n t D e a th . T h e E m p e r o r b e in g
in lo rm d o f all there D ifo r d e r s , fe n t fo u r
Oydores, o r Ju d g e s , an d BUfco Nannex,
t o be V i c e r o y , w ith n e w L a w s an d
O rd in a n c e s ; but th e n e w C o n q u e ro rs r e -
tillin g to o b e y th em , R e b e lP d a n d m ad e
G onzalo P izjtrro th e ir C o m m a n d e r. T h e
Oydores fe e in g th e C o u n tr y up in A r m s ,
Im p rim n d th e V ic e r o y , an d to o k u p o n
th em th e c a re o f th e G o v e r n m e n t . S o m e
w e r e fo r p u ttin g h im to D e a th , and o -
th e rs f o r fe n d in g h im in to Spain to the
E m p ero r.
J L-e r ^ r 313 w h l e GonzjAo f 'Z - * rr°
m ad e h im fe lt G o v e r n o u r o f Pern, w ith
a b fo lu te P o w e r ; but th e Oydore A lvarez.,
w h o had been m tru fte d to c a r r y th e
V ic e r o y in to Spain, w h e n th e y c am e to
Guaura, fe t him a t L ib e r t y . T h e V ic e -
r ° y n o ,w th o u g h t he had o v e rc o m e all
D iffic u ltie s y but Pizarro ro u te d his F o r -
ces a t Quito, an d c a u s’d h is H e ad t o be
c u t o f f b y a B l a c k ; th e fam e he a ft e r -
w a rd s d id to Vela Nunez, the V ic e r o y ’s
B r o th e r u p o n fo m e flig h t Je a lo u fly . T h e
E m p e r o r w a s m uch c o n c e rn ’d a t th e Im -
p n fo n m e n t o f th e V ic e r o y ,a n d In fo le n c e
o f Pizarro i an d th e r e fo r e to re d re fs th efe
D if o r d e r s , fe n t D . Peter Gafca a P r ie ft ,
w ith fu ll P o w e r , an d B la n k s fu b e rib ’ d ,
t o m ak e u fe o f as h e fa w o c c a lio n .
Gafca w e n t o v e r m th e Y e a r 1 5 4 $ w ith
t w o Oydores o r Ju d g e s his F r ie n d s , an d
v e r y fe w o t h e r s ; an d b e in g co m e t o ? * -
nama, w r it to Pizarro , a d v ifin g him t o
la y d o w n his A r m s and fubm ic t o th e
E m p e r o r , w h o w o u ld p a rd o n all th a t
w a s pars’d , as m ig h t a p p e a r b y his M a-
je ftie s L e t t e r . T h e f e L e t t e r s had n o
g o o d e ffe ft on Pizarro o r h is p r in c ip a l
A d o n a t e s ; w h o jo y n in g , to th e n u m b e r
o f f ix t y , a n fw e r d Gafca , That they
thought it not convenient fo r him to come
into P e r u , after fo much Slaughter commit-
ed there, the M inds o f the People being f i l l
very much exafperated’, and that they would
write themfclves, and fend their Deputies to
tht Emperor to ju fiifie their Proceedings,
C H A P .
The further Account o f what hapnedto the Author at
bark'd.
S Vnday th e 1 0 t h , I re tu rn ’ d in th e E -
v e n in g to V era-C ruz, and c a r r y in g
th e d a in ty P h ea fa n ts I had k ill’d w ith m e,
d in ’d w ith th e G o v e o io u r o n M onday
9
* *
•. .
<SL
S P A 1N ~ ~ f if
G > /c* p e r c e iv in g th e re vras n o th in g t o
b e d o n e b y fa ir m e a n s, b e gan to r a ife
M e n , and m a n a g ’d Peter de Hinojofa fo
d e x t e r o u fly , th at h e p u t P izarro's F le e t
in to his H a n d s. T h i s d tfe o u ra g in g Pi~
zarr.o's P a r t y , m any o f th em w e n t o v e r
to G afca , w h o by th at m ean s b e in g g r o w n
fo r m id a b le , w e n t a w a y in to Peru. T h e r e
a f t e r fe v e r a l D e fe a t s g iv e n Pszarro he
a t le n g th to o k him P r ifo n e r in th e l a ft J V ” * *
B a t t le o f X aquixaguan l Gafca r e f e r ’d E x e c u te d .
th e T r y a l o f him and t w e lv e o th e rs t o
th e L ic e n tia te Cianca, and the M a rlh a l
A lvarado , w h o p a ls ’d S en te n ce o f D e a th
a g a in ft them f o r h ig h T t i fbn. Pizarro
w as c a r r y ’d to th e P la c e o f E x e c u tio n o n
a M u le , w ith his H an ds ty’d, an d a C lo a k
o v e r h im . H is H e ad w as c a r r y ’d to L i-
m a, an d fe t u p o n a P o le in th e M a r k c t -
P la c e , w ith this I n f c r i p t i o n ;
This is the H ead o f the T rader G o n z a lo
P iz a r r o , who jom ’d Battle in the Galley o f
X a q u ix a g u a n a , againft the Em peror's
Standard. M o n d a y tb e p th o f A p r i l i <48«.
A f t e r th e u n fo rtu n a te en d o f th e f r i t
C o n q u e ro rs o f th a t C o u n t r y , and th e
Im p rifo n m e n t o f th e Oydore o r fu d g e
Zepeda, fo r th e o th e r th re e w h o h ad
f e iz ’ d the V ic e r o y w e r e D e a d , Gafca a p -
p l y ’d h im fe lf t o fe tt le th e G o v e r n m e n t ;
an d thus a C h u rch m a n b ro u g h t th e W a r
t o th at h a p p y en d his P re d e c e flo rs c o u ld
n o t a tta in to . H e re tu rn ’ d to Spain in
Ju ly 1 5 5 0 , a n d p re fe n te d th e E m p e r o r
w ith a M illio n an d a h a lf, fo r all w h ich
g o o d S e rv ic e s h e w a s m ad e B ilh o p o f
Placencia.
T h e C iv il W a r s b e in g en d ed w ith th e
D e a th o f a t le a ft an h u n d red and fift y
C a p t a in s , and o t h e r C o m m a n d e r s ; th e
S o u ld ie rs c a r r y ’d on th e C o n q u e ft, a l-
w a y s fo llo w in g th e ric h C o u n t r y , an d
le a v in g th e P o o r ; fo th at a t p re fe n t th e
C r o w n o f Spain is p o fle fs’d in A m erica
o f a C o u n tr y 9 3 0 0 L e a g u e s in e x t e n t ,
v iz . 3 3 7 5 Sou th w a rd , an d th e re ft N o r t h -
w a r d . I t is to b e o b fe r v ’d b e fo re w e
le a v e th is C o u n t r y , th at in P ern , f o r
5 0 0 L e a g u e s in le n g th , fro m Tumbez to
Chile , an d 1 5 L e a g u e s in b re a d th , it n e-
v e r T h u n d e r s , L ig h t e n s n o r R a in s .
VI .
V era-C ru z before he lm ~
n th . Tuefday 1 2 t h , I w e n t a g a in a
Ih o o tin g to th e F arm ca ll’d S. John, w h e r e
befides th e G a rd e n a b o u n d in g in all fo rts
o f F r u it an d e fp e c ia lly o f th e T a r r , I
fo u n d
 ' GCW \
—x V \ ^ t
if tjf '
*■-—........ ....... ,. T
- |
566 jd Voyage round the W O R L D.
* * “ <! a Wttle W o o d full o f B ird s and
GemcU,. w ild B eal s-, and was cou rteoufly E n te r-
16 9 8 . ta in d by the O w ner. IVtdm fday 1 3th , l
w e n t oI,c u (booting w ith a
m y G u id e , in a W o o d by the B an k o f
a good R iv e r , w h ere I k ill’d fom e R o y a l
Pheafants; and having fhot dow n a w ild
B o ar, the ignorant M ulato ran and catch‘d
hnn b y one o f h,s F eet and the B o a r
tu rn in g, ftru ck him through the A r m
w tth h s f h a t p T n k k , I r is ,o 'b e o b f e r r 'd ,
that tho the B o ars o f America , do n ot
emic any E xcrem en t at that N a v e l 1 faid
th ey h a re on their Back, a Span fro m
th e T a i l ; y e t 'th e , fend fo rth futh a G l.
th y Scent, th at it it be n o t cu t off as
f o o n a s t h e Beaft is k ill'd , it fo iu fe d b a ll
I hre tu ri?d hom e f i l l o f r ^ ea ti° 8 ° r iL
/ l - » d l ul L f « £ c t X ,“S S .r
h c e , w hich from the P lan ts g e t upon
P eop le s C loath s as they g o b y , and
p ierce into the very Flefh , Co that it re -
gecT h e m 'o u t. T r ° " M' “ D
Churches
* { * £ r tir ta n A “
" f “ thehChurch
ta r n g d T -n l
naileries. cef,n A lta r s , but ill le t off. I he
M oual ery is v e ry m ean, but th e y h a v e a
fine B e lfry . The M on aftery o f the F ra n -
ctfcant, w h ich l & w T iu fday i 9 th , has
& ^ a £ £ z ,s £‘ E i £ sfrfTssr
tars. T h e Banff, C h urch is call'd A h * ,
Senora la Antigua, o r ou r L a d y the A n U -
CHAP. vn.
, 1 be duthoPs Voyage to the Port o f Havana in the I f and o f Cuba.
A v in g taken leave o f the G o v e r -
H nor and F rien d s, on Saturday the
I f 11 S f f \ cemh' ry 1 w ent aboard the V e f-
l e lc a ll d the Sevilliau, that came w ith L i*
cence h orn M aracao, to jo y n the G a le -
X v H4 Vh ” n and Sai1 w 1? them t0
U d tz.. I he G o v e rn o r added one F a-
vo u r to all the re ft, w hich was n o t to
fufler m y T ru n k s to be open ’d at the
C u ftom -H oufe. About N o o n w c fe ll
d o w n alon g th e W e fte rn C h an n el, c lo fe
to the C a ftle , w hich is little and in co n -
ve m e n ta s well fo r the G o v e rn o r as So u l-
d ie r s , keepin g a v e ry w atchful E y e , b e-
caufe ot the m any F lats on all fid e s ;
flfVd bK nCWly fetlin S
th fn c £0het .N ° rth ^ In? s’ w h ,ch lH n d er
Ships gettin g ou t o f the B a y o f M exico^
m o r c o u t o f !h c V . H e | M T h ’ " l " 1* 1’
m o reo u t ot the Channel. T h e r e ls a n o -
7 1 0
•
<SL
_________
Book'Til
ent. T h e A u e u f l Z i d V ^ l o P o ^ T l I t
they h ave no C h urch , but o n ly 1 little
C h ap p ie. T h e B o fn ifa l n f c « • r °
’ A u ,.for is t f f i d
and th e o th er fo r W o m en ta t a b
fm all. * * but b0L
Friday 2 oth , I w en t ou t to d iv e rt me
and hapning to fhoot a P a rro t, as he fell
be t r y ’d ont lik e a M an, as it w e le to c '
the re ft to his A fliftan ce a n d rh rv f l r X
bout in
feem ’d to cloud the S k ? T h e n iT /hot
tw o R o y a l Pheafants a C ock an l V ^ n
fo r th ey’a l w a S S t t h F ^ e c S S
F eath ers a te iU B l S ' e ^ o t T b o ^
o n h is B e liy , and a cu rious c u rl’d T u f t on
his Plead • rhe H Pr, tc o n -
CoIl°.u r* ’ T h o fe call ^ Z T T o
D o g s. T h e w ild T u r k e y s h c r « ? c mo“
tal Enem ies to the tam e Ones and kill
them w h en ever they can
? 7
<***<*W or t re™!
n,“ d ' d " ' ' “ ' l> = & p t a in o f a V e f f ilt b a t
w as to c a rry me to H avan a, and c a v e
me L e tte rs o f Recommendation to S n !
tains o f G aleo n s th ere, as aJfo a P refen t
in M ony. D . Alonfo de F e n a k f V c t o -
tain o f H o rfe , len t m e an o th er P r e S t
w a
fro m m e o u T ^ f r t e H o g 's St b l e f ' "
b
th e r w a y in on the E a ft fide fo r fmall
Boats. W c go t ou t about E ve n in g and
fle e r ’d N . E . and by N &
Sunday i St h, w e held on the fam e
C o n rfe w ith the W in d a t N . W . the lat
2 0 deg - I 2 min. M onday 15 th, held the
fam e C o u rie , the W in d S. E . lat 2 i d e e
i m in. tu efd a y i 7 th, w e had a g r 2 t
S to rm , which made the C aptain Sick
m uch m ore tbc P sffiu g e rs, , K e £
W in d con tin u in g, w e'ru n to N o rth w a rd
to avo id certain R o c k s, and then fail'd
upon a L in e fo r H avana, the la t! «
deg. 5 min. Wcdncfday i8 ch , the W in d
b lew fto rm y at N." which made us run
aw ay t0 E- the lat. z 4 deg. T h e fam e x
W in d con tinu’d Thurfday 19 th , and w e
kep t upon the fam e l i n e - but FrU kv
^ W in d co m in g t o S . w n t t o ^ • ' "
N . E . and by E . being in 2 4 deg, 3 m in.
of
‘ * ..;7.;
 <SL

l!fap7 W r ~ ..~ d ftT E W ~ s ~ P ~ A i f f __ _____ 5f 7

_ ^ o f lac. A c N ig h t w e flo o d E . N . E . and a m ore reftlefs N ig h t than the la ft, la t .
fo continu'd Saturday 2 1 ft, m aking much 2 3 d e g . * 7 nun. T h e W in d com .n g a -
16 9 8 . w a y . Finding 25 deg. 3 0 . min lac. which bouc co S. w e fle e r d E . P nday 27th*
i / V \ ; w as enough 10 avoid the Flats, w e flo od w e faw L an d , and coafted alon g it all
fo r the Ifland o f Cuba due E . Four D a y and N ig h t , our G ou rfe E . A t
hou s after N ig h t the W in d blew hard len gth w e came to an A n ch o r n ear the
at N . W . w ith R ain , which m ade us C a ttle call’d del M ono, w hich is at the
fle e r E . and by S. M outh o f the H arb o u r, for tho w e fir'd
Sunday 22 d . T u n y -F ifh being Teen, it tw o G u n s , the Caftellan took no care to
w as fuppos’d w e w ere near L,and, lat. put ou t a L ig h t to Ihow the w ay in to the
2« deg. 26 min. Monday 2 3 th , the W in d P ort. f . ...
at N we ran E. S. E. and then E . and by Saturday 28 th , a South W in d b lo w in g
S finding the lat- 25 d eg. 2 0 min. A t ou t o f the P ort, would not p erm it us to
N ig h t w e w ere quite becalm ’d , but T u e f get in till N oon , and that alw ays upon 3
day 24 th , being C h riftm afs E v e , the T a c k > To that a t la fl w e a r n v d fafe at
W in d came up at S. W . and d ro ve us E . Havana, after a V o y ag e o f 3 0 0 L eagu es.
S E A t N iJ ht w e were again becalm ’d j I la y aboard the V eflel, bccaufe th eie .
and" Wednesday z s t h being C hriltm afs w ere no Inns a Shore. ^ Sunday 2 9 th , the
D av the W in d b low in g at N . E . w e W in d blew fo fu n o u fly at N o rth , that
fail'd S E lat 2 4 deg. 55 min. T h ac the W a v e s beat ovcir the C a l t l e ^ M a r-
N L h t n o b o d v fle e t. the W aves beat fo ro , and had not w e go t in as w e d id ,
furfouflv w e hac* been in &reat D an ger. M on -
Thursday 26th, w e fle e r’d E. S. E . the day 30 th , 1 landed and ca rry ’d my G o o d s
W in d at N . E . which d ro ve us from the to a H oufe I h ir d near the H o fp ital ot ^
Lan d w e w ere in light o f, a u d g a v e us S .Joh n de Dios.

CHAP. VIII.
The Deferiftion of Havana, and Particulars of that Country,
mvtns. r t - * H E Havana is a little C ity , h a lf a prelfin g it to g e t out a venom ous Jfuice
I Leagu e in C om puls, feated in a there is in it. ft hey bake it upon little
P U n , and in the lat. o f 2 3 deg. 2 0 min. earthen Stoves, and th.s k e a d lerves
It is a lino It round, enclos’d w ith poor not only the P o o r, but the better fo rt
low W a lls o n the Land lide, an ddefen d- w h o have large Fam ilies, ft his R o o t
e d o n th e other Part by the W a te r. T h e « produces neither L eaves n or S e e d , but
Inhabitants are about 4 0 0 0 Souls, Spam - th ey fet bus o f it m the G round co g ro w
ards, M ulatoi and Blacks, w ho live m oft again . . . ,,h
o f them in low Houfes. T h e W o m en T h e Ifland is 3 0 0 Leagues m length
are Beautiful, and the Men Ingenious, fro m E aft to W e ll, and about 30 in
T h e G overn o i has alfo the T it le o f C ap- breadth. 'L h e Inhabitants a re Po0' ' ^ '
tain G en era l o f the Ifland, and ad raw i- in g no T ra d e but 1 obacco> and Su0 a1 ■
fters luftice with the A fiitan ce o f an A f- A ll the Labour falls upon the Blacks, ot
felfor, call’d a Lieutenant, who is ap- w h o m th eir M ailers e ^ a four R o v a b a
Do intcd by the Council of the Indies. D a y , and fix when the F le e t is t h e r e ,
It is very dear livin g there, fo r three and a t leaft th ree o f the W om en 3 now
Ounces o f Bread co ll fifteen G ra in s o f whac can a m iferable Black do w ho h a i
Naples M on y, that is, about three Pence tw o M ailers, as often happens 11 P
E n olijh •, and h alf a Pound o f M eat the the M atters A va rice is g re a te r, for th ey
fame Price. A Hen is w orth a N o b le , fend the Black W om en to be go t w ith
S r i F r u K o d other things p ro p o rtio n s C h ild like C o w s, and i f they p ro v e b ar-
b lv lb that a Man can Icarce live under ren they fell them,
tw o Pieces o f E ig h t a D a y , efpecially T h e C it y H avana encompafi. d on
when the G a llo n s at e there. T h o ’ the tw o fides by u s fafe H arbour, w hich is
C lim ate is te m p e ra te , W h eat has not fo d eep, that the ships A n ch or w ith in A
th ro ve there forPfome Y e a rs, and th erea- few fteps o f the Shore. It is>* f c “ ded
foil is not known * fo that what com es by three Cattles, the chief o f chem ca d
from abroad to the Bakers is dear (y paid del M ono, On the left H and<rfthe: M onti
for. Bu t this w ant is in fom e meafure o f it j the 2d , de la Puma, or o f iht P oin t,
4 # fin n lv ’ d bv a R o o t call’d Jucca, w h ere- on the r i g h t a n d the 3 ^ call d o n ly
K e y make L a d . g r a lto * . L d then the F o rt, on the r , 5 ht o f the laft . * .

0 *

' 51/
Y / y — *S\
t( f ) |
568 Voyage round the W O R L D.
O ^ A ^ O (hall fpeak o f them at la rg e elfe w h cre .
Gemelli. Frid a y 3 d , I faw the little but neat
16 9 8 . C h u rc h 'c a ll’d Santo Chrijlo del
* f e r v ’d by fecular Priefts. N e x t D a y that
o f the R ecolets feated on the belt G ro u n d
in th e C ity , and in it 1 2 beautiful C h a p -
p e ls, and in the M on altery C ells fo r 5 0
Fathers. T h e W e a th e r which had con -
tin u ’d Serene and W a rm as S u m m er, on
Thurfday 9th chang’d fo C o ld w ith R a in ,
that I b e lieve the like has fcarce e v e r
been fe lt in a P la ce ly in g in 2 3 d eg . and
2 min. o f L atitu d e. Saturday 1 1 th , a
n * ”,* 0 B o a t a rriv ’ d in 2 4 H o u rs from the o p p o -
°"u ' fite C o a lt o f ''F lo rid a , and fet a Shore
fo m e Indians o f Cuyo, Subjects to a Caci-
que w h ofe N am e w as Charles. T h e fe , as
w e ll M en as W o m e n , had no p art o f
th e ir Bodies c o v e r ’d , but o n ly a C lo a k
• b e fo re th eir P riv itie s •, and w o re lo n g
H a ir bound behind th eir H eads. They
w e r e Id o la te rs, o f thofe th at are g ive n
n o t on ly to ld le n e fs , but to all ab om in a-
b le V ices. T h e y w e re allo w ’d to T rade
in hopes to c o n v e rt them , becaufe th eir
P rin c e , o r Cacique, had con fen ted to re -
c e iv e 1 4 Francifcan M iffioners in to his
C o u n try . T h e ir c h ie f C o m m o d ity is
F ilh ; fom e litt le A m b e r th ey find alon g
th e (h o re ; T o rto ife -fh e lls, and a fo rt o f
S c a rle t B ird s to keep in C a ges, fo r their
C o lo u r call’d C a rd in als.
M onday 1 3 th , a fm all VelFel fro m J a -
m ale a , b ro u gh t th e N e w s o f the Peace
concluded b e tw ix t France and the C o n -
fed erates. W ednefday 1 5 th, I heard M afs
in the Church o f S . Clare , which has fe-
v e n A lta rs w ell ad orn ’d. T h e M on afte-
r y w ill contain an hundred R e lig io u s W o -
m en and Servan ts, w ho a re th ere C la d
in B le w .
Thurfday 16 th , the C helts o f Pieces o f
E ig h t began to be p ut aboard th e G a le -
' o n s, the K in g s h eld 3 0 0 0 each, and the
r e ft 2 0 0 0 , in all am ounting to th irty
M U lions, as w ell belon gin g to the K in g
as M e r c h a n t s , fo r G o o d s fold a t the F a ir
o f Porto Belo, c a r r y ’d on b etw een the
T r a d e r s o f S e vil and thofe o f L im a.
T h e g re a t Faith thefe T ra d e rs rep o fe in
o n e an oth er, is v e ry rem ark ab le ; fo r
w h en once a g re e d about the P rice , they
in terch an geab ly d e liv e r one an other the
B a le s o f G o o d s, and C h ells o f Pieces o f
E ig h t , w ith o u t fe e in g any th in g o f the
C o n ten ts, but g iv in g en tire C re d it to
th e w ritten P articu lars th ey d e liv e r to
o n e a n o th e r; fo r afterw ard s the Bales
an d C h efls are open ’d in the p refen ce o f
p u b lick N o t a r ie s , and i f th ey find an y
th in g am ifs, the C om panies o f S e v il and
L im a are to m ake all good. T h is Y e a r
< p >
<SL
Book III.
the C o m p an y o f L im a T ra d e rs paid 5 0 0 0
P ieces o f E ig h t , fo r G o o d s found o v e r
buenviage, and ab ove in the B a le s a t the fo re g o in g
F a ir. T h e fam e is p ra & ic ’d at A ca p u l-
co, w hen the Galeon com es fro m M anila.
T h e r e w as a lfo d e liv e r’d to the M a ile r
o f P la t e , (w h ic h is an O fficer ab oard
the Galeom , w h o had ch a rg e o f all the
P la te and Je w e ls ^ aboard th e A d m ira l,
a P e a rl w e ig h in g d o G ra in s, (hap’d like
a P e a r, b y F . Francis de la Fuente a Je fu it , A nch
to be d e liv e r’d to the K in g . T h is P e a rl Pearl*
w as taken at Panam a , in the K in g ’ s I -
Hand, by a B la ck b elon gin g to a P r i e l t ;
w h o being rich , w o u ld n ot fe ll it to the
P residen t o f Panam a fo r 5 0 0 0 0 P ieces
o f E ig h t , n o r to the V ic e ro y o f Peru
fo r 7 0 0 0 0 , both o f them b ein g to fen d
it to the K i n g } but faid, H e would carry
it to his M ajcfty him felf. B e in g com e to
Porto Bclo w ith th e P e a rl, w hich he call’d
la Perfeguida, o r the P erfecu ted , he th ere
d y ’d b efore he w en t ab o ard , and th erc-
fo re com m itted it to the care o f the afo re -
faid F. Puente, w h o told me it was la rg e r
than that call’d la Peregrin a , but forae-
w h at d u ller. T h e B lack had his L ib e rty
fo r his R e w a rd .
T h e r e w en t aboard the Galeons 2 0
D o d to rs o f Peru , b ein g the Sons o f Spa -
niards and Indian W o m e n , g o in g to
C o u rt fo r P referm en t, and th e le a ft that
e v e r y one o f them c a rry ’d w a s 3 0 0 0 0
P ieces o f E ig h t.
M onday 2 0 th , g o in g abroad a fhootin g, r
I k ill’d a g re a t m an y o f thofe B ird s th ey ^ d e w -
call Cotoneras. S o m e o f them have black miqd!,
and green F e a th e rs, and o th ers b l e w ; Birds,
o th ers black and green W in g s ; th e ir
B r e a d s re d , and h a lf the H ead w hite,
T h e y are not am ifs to eat. R etu rn in g
hom e I k ill’d t w o Guacam aijas, w hich
tho’ they do n o t ta lk , are fo finely C o -
lo u r’ d , that th e b e lt P encil can fcarce
equal them . T h e C o u n try is v e r y de-
lig h tfu l, b ein g fu ll o f little H oufes w ith
G a rd en s and F a rm s, w here there is no
w an t o f Indian F ru it. I found a fo rt o f
Sn ails v e ry la r g e , lik e the Sea Snails.
Friday 2 4 th , I fa w the Church and M o -
n a ile r y o f the A u g u fiin ian s ; the firft has
th irteen litt le A l t a r s , th e la tte r v e r y
p o o r D o rm ito rie s. Sunday 2 6 th , I w as
at the M other Church o f the C it y , w h ere
the Biffiop officiates w ith the C le r g y be-
lo n g in g to it , his R efid en ce b ein g at
H avan a , tho’ th e C ath edral is at Cuba
w h e re the C anons refide. I f p e n t f o m e
H o urs on M onday 2 7 th , w ith t h e G o v e r -
n ou r o f the Ifla n aan d feveral other G e n - % •->
tlem en , that d elig h ted to hear me d if-
cou rfe o f m y T r a v e ls , and fee the C u -
riofities
|I |
\ chap. vniTf....
c v a > o rio firie s I h ad , am o n g w hom w as D .
Gemclli, Charles Sotomayor, K n ig h t o f th e O rd e r
itfpsi. o f C a latrav . : , and Oydore o r Ju d g e o f
, t V W J Santa Fe, to w h o m an in cred ib le A c c i-
d e n t had hapned.
A vt-wre* G e n tle m a n w e n t b y o rd e r o f his
markable C o u r t, to re c e iv e In form atio n s a g a in #
Paflsge. th e G o v e rn o r o f Carthagena, fo r h a v in g
d e liv e r ’d up th a t P lace to the French ,
and c a r r y ’d alo n g w ith him the C o v e r -
n o r o f Santa A dana to p u t in to his P lace.
H e g o in g alone into Carthagena , becaufe
th e G o v e r n o r o f Santa M a rta w h o w as
m o re C r a ft y , rem ain ’d w ith o u t to fee
w h a t the E v e n t w o u ld be, began to p r o -
ceed w ith m ore R ig o u r than w as co n v e -
n ie n t, w ith o u t Ih o w in g his C o m m ifllo n ;
w h e re a t the G o v e r n o r o f the P lace being
h ig h ly o ffen d ed , as th in kin g he had d e-
fended it as becam e a go o d S o u ld ie r,
and M an o f H o n o u r, that is, as lo n g as
it w as practicable •, he in th e N ig h t fe-
c u r’d the Oydore, n otw ith ttand in g he ’s y ’ d
H an d on his S w o rd , and ca ll’d fo r A id
• a n d A ffifta n c e ; thus the Ju d g e in ftead o f
Im p rifo n in g w as Im p rifo n ’ d , and his
C om m illion taken fro m him , inftead o f
rem o vin g the o th e r fro m h is P o ft. T h a t
fam e N ig h t, a fte r he had been 2 4 H ours
e x ecu tin g h is C om m iffion , he w as p u t
* » " ab oard a little B o a t w ith o u t a n y o th e r
P ro v ifio n , but B isk e t and lo m e F r u it ,
n o t b ein g a llo w ’d to tak e his o w n E q u i-
p ag e. T h u s the G o v e r n o r o f C arthage-
m fent him to the G o v e r n o r o f H a va n a ,
to be k ep t as a D iftu r b e r o f th e P eace,
till the K ia g w e re in fo rm ’ d o f th e M at-
te r. T h e G o v e r n o r o f Santa M a rta ,
w h o w as tw o L ea gu es o ff, h e arin g w hat
had hapned, fled to p reven t b ein g fe iz ’ d.
T h e p o o r G en tlem an w a s much con cern ’d
a t this A c c id e n t; n o th w ith ftan d in g the
G o v e r n o r , inftead o f fending him to the
C a ftle , kep t him in his o w n H o ufe w ith
v e r y c iv il E n tertain m en t. T h is g a v e
m e an o p p o rtu n ity to acqu ain t him w ith
m y M isfo rtu n es, tb o ’ I had n e v e r been
Im p rifo n ’d , but u n d cferve d ly P erfecu -
ted.
Tuefday 2 8 t h , I heard M afs ti the
C h urch o f S. Jo h n de D ios, w hich is fmall
an d has n ine A l t a r s ; the M on aftery is
a lfo fm all, and the H o fp ital is fo r Soul-
d ie rs, its R e v e n u e is 1 2 0 0 0 P ieces o f
E ig h t.
O n Saturday th e firft o f February, a r-
riv 'd the lo n g w ilh ’d for V elT el, w ith
P rovifion s fo r th e F le e t, b ein g 17 0 0
Quintals, o r a hundred W e ig h t o f B is-
k e t ; fix hundred L o a d o f M ea l, Filh and
o th er neceflaries fo r the Galcons.
Tuefday 4 th , I w en t to the H e rm ita g e
, t
S •
* •
<SL
ofJTeW l¥d~'0f
o f S . Ja m es, a C h u rc h built by the B i -
fh op w ith in th e W alls o f the C ity, fo r
his o w n p ard cu la t D e v o tio n , w e ll a-
d o m ’d, and w ith an .A p a rtm e n t fo r him
t o r e t ir e to fom etim esi (Vedw/efity 5th, T .
I fa w the Cailife o f the P o in t, which is Ul“
v e r y final], and has fo u r H aitian s. M m ~
day ro th , g o in g to vific th e C aftellan O .
Antony de Roxas, I had th e o p p o rtu n ity
o f fe e in g the C a ttle th ey call the F o r t ,
Its C o m p afs is fm all, but*it has font go o d
B a ftio n s, and a P latform to w a rd s th e
M outh o f the P o r t , w ell fu rn ifh ’d w ith
B ra fs Canndn.
Sunday itfth , th e A d m ift l rhade P r o ­
clam ation b y Sound o f T r u m p e r , T h a t
the F le e t fhould- Sail on th e r it h o f thd
n e x t M onth, and that all F crfb n s tnuft
be aboard oil the 8tb. ’tuefday 18 t h ,
b y his O rd e r it w as P ro h ib ited upon Pain
o f D ea th fo r an v B o at to g o o u t o f th e
H a rb o u r, fo r fear the E n em y fhould have
n o tice that th e GAeons w e re read y to
S a i l ; n o tw ith ttan d in g the D e p u tie s o f
th e C o m p a n y o f S e vil, n ot lik in g the
A d m ira l, us’d all m eans to o b ftru ft his
S ailin g . N e w s had been b ro u gh t be-
fo r e fro m Jam aica o f the Conclufion o f
th e Peace w ith France, and a V efT elfro m
th e Can a y -/{la n d s b ro u gh t the C o n firm a-
tio n o f it, '
T h e r e a re t w o p a rtic u la r S o rts o f
F r u it at H a va n a , w hich do n ot g r o w £ ' u/ J ‘
etiew h ere. O n e is lik e a H a rt, call’d VM i
Guanavana , G re e n w ith o u t, and has forae
th o rn y P r ic k le s ; w ith in m ade up o f
w h ite M o rfels o f an un pleafan t T a f t ,
b e tw een S w e e t and S o u r, w ith fa m e
Sto nes. T h e T r e e is a s b ig as that
w h ich bears th e Anonas. T h e o th e r
S o r t call’d Camito, is e x a f ll y lik e a u .t) - *
ra n g e on the o u tfid e, and w ith in has a
w h ite and red P u lp o f a fw e e t T a ft . T h e
T r e e is as tall as a P e a r - T r e e , the L e a f <
On th e one fide is G re e n , and on the 0 -
th e r o f a C in n am o n -C o lo u r. O f E it-
ropean F ru it th e re g ro w Q uin ces, O ran -
g e s , L em m o n s, P o ragran ates and o th e r
fo rts.
T h e M ountain s are full o f W ild - Bird? and
B o a rs, C o w s , Horlies and M ules. O f Beafts.
B ird s there are abundance, efp eciaffy
P a rro ts and P a r t r id g e s , b ig g e r than
Q u a ils, w ith b lew H e a d s ; and as fo r
th d fe that are fit fo r th e C a g e th ere is
g re a t p len ty o f tjiofe th ey call Cham ber-
gos.
Friday m l , there a r r iv ’d a B a rk fro m
M atacum be, a fm all Ifland on the C o a ft
o f Florida, w ith five Francifcans , w ho in
N ovem ber b efo re had been f t n t fo r by the
Cacique Charles, as M ifflo n e rs ; an d w e r e
C c c c iia c e
i *•
 ---- A X
w%%
570 A Voyage round the W O R L D.
CSj^S* lince e x p e ll’d N a k e d , fo r o fferin g out o f
Gemelli. an ill tim ’d Z e a l, to make a P roceflion in
16 9 9 . th e N ig h t b e fo re the T e m p le o f the In -
'-'■ ‘ V " - ' dian Id o laters 3 who fled at firft, b u t
then came again A rm ’d , and abus’ d th e
F r y a r s , d riv in g them ou t o f their C o n n -
t r y 3 fo th at th ey w ere fo rc e d to g o a -
w a y half N a k e d to Matacumbe, a T e r -
rito ry o f C h riflia n Indians.
Saturday 2 2 d , the C a p ta in o f th e
M aeZtranz-as , that i s , o f the fe v e r a l
T ra d e s b e lo n g in g to th e B u ild in g o f
Sh ip s, rep refen te d to the A d m ira l, T h a t
th e Ships b e in g higher B u ilt than M en o f
W a r , it w o u ld be fen d in g o f them to be
lo ft i f th ey w en t out u n d e r-lo a d e d , as
th e D e p u tie s intended to d o . H ereu p o n
on Sunday 2 3 d , th ere w as a C o u n c il h e ld
o f all the S ea-O fficers, w h e re th ey c o n -
eluded that th e H old mutt be w ell fto w ’d ,
th at the V e fle ls m ight lie lo w e r in th e
W a t e r 3 a D e te rm in a tio n o f Ju d g e s w h o
f p o k e f o r th e ir ow n In te re ft 3 b u t th at
c o u ld n ot b e a p p ro v ’ d o f b y the C o n n -
c il o f the Indies, w hich had o rd e r’d th at
th e Galeons fhould not b e loaded w ith
M erch an d ize. T h e A d m ira l th e re fo re ,
h a vin g on Munday 24 th acquainted th e
C aptain s o f th e Galeons, and the D e p u -
ties o f the M erch an ts, T h a t it w as c o n -
ven ien t fo r th e K in g ’ s S e rv ic e (o r r a -
th e r fo r th e ir o w n ) th a t the Galeons
fhould be m o re load ed ,; it began to be
v e ry d ilig e n tly p ut in E x e c u tio n on Tuef-
CHAP. IX.
The Author's Voyage from Havana to Cadiz.
r T I H E F le e t b eing u n d e r Sail I w e n t
I ab oard on Wednefday 12 th in th e
A tte rn o o n . Thurfday 1 3 t h , the w a r n -
in g P iece b e in g fir’d , all the Galeons
w e ig h ’d A n c h o r again, and the A d m ir a l
b y S u n -rifin g made w a y o u t o f the H a r -
bour. Sh e touch’d u p o n fom e F l a t ,
and it co ft tim e to g e t her offi B e in g
o u t o f the H a rb o u r (he falu ted the C a ttle
del Morro w ith feven G u n s . T h e M e r -
Chant Sh ip s fo llo w ’d , and then our G a-
l)eon, w h ich faluted th a t they call th e
Fort w ith fe v e n G u ns, and w as a n fw e r’d
w ith fix , an d then th e C a ttle del M ono
w ith fix an d w as a n fw e r’d w ith th e
fam e n um ber. W e co afted alo n g all
D a y to g iv e the V ic e -A d m ira l and th e
Sh ip call’d G arai time to com e u p w ith
us. A t N ig h t it blew a S to rm , w h ich
ob lig’d us to lie upon a T a c k .
Friday 1 4 th , w e w ere 2 0 Leagu es fro m
H a v a n a , but the tw o afo re m en tio n ’ d
1 4
-
(at
Book III.
day 2 5 t h , the tim e a p p o in te d fo r f a ilin g
d ra w in g n ear.
Monday 3d o f March , I faw the C a ttle C a ftl cdel
del M orro , b u ilt upon a R o c k , on th e Mono.
le ft o f the M outh o f the H arb o u r, w h ic h
it defen ds w ith a P la tfo rm o f 1 1 P ie c e s
o f C a n n o n , c a ll’d th e A p o ft le s , w h ic h
lie le v e l w ith th e W a t e r 3 there a re in
all about 5 5 G u n s in the C attle. T h e
D itc h ab o u t it is cu t o u t o f the R o c k
and fill’d b y th e Sea. A b u n d an ce o f th e
B ird s th ey call Cardinals, b ein g b ro u g h t
o v e r fro m Florida , I fa w the P e o p le b e -
lo n g in g to the Galcon g iv e ten p ie ce s
o f E ig h t a p ie c e fo r fo m e o f them , and
fix fo r the w o rft. U p o n C o m p u ta tio n
th ey faid th ere had been 18 0 0 0 P ieces o f
E ig h t la id ou t upon th o fe foolifli B ir d s ,
n o tw ith fta n d in g the d e p lo ra b le lo fs o f
Cartagena, and the e x p e n fiv e d elay o f
k e e p in g th e F le e t th re e Y e a ts in A m eri-
ca. Saturday 8 th , P ro clam atio n was m ad e
fo rb id d in g an y that b e lo n g ’d to the F le e t
to fla y in H avana upon pain o f D e a th 3
and in th e E v e n in g a C an n o n was fir’d
to w arn all A b o a rd .
D . FerdinandCbacon h a v in g g e n e ro u fly
given m e m y P aflage g ra tis ab oard h is
Galeon, he fen t on Sunday 9th fo r m y E -
q u ip age. Monday x o tb , fe v e ra l G r u m -
m ets, w h o had re c e iv ’d th eir P a y , ra n a -
w a y . Tuefday n t h , I to o k L e a v e o f m y
F rie n d s, an d p ro v id e d Sw eetm eats fo r
m y V oyage.
Gal ons n o t a p p e a rin g , w e flood b a c k a -
g a in , an d m eetin g th e G arai, u n d e r-
flo o d Ihe cam e out w ith the V ic e - A d m i-
r a l, but had parted in th e Storm , w h ich
m ade ns ftan d ou r C o u rfe again. A
W o m a n b e in g found A b o a rd in M an s
C lo ath s, and th ere b ein g no p o ffib ility
o f le ttin g h er a lh o r e ; Ihe was le ft a-
m on g th e o th er W o m e n .
Saturday 15 t h , the W in d E a f l, w e
fle e r ’d N . N . E . the L a t. 2 3 deg. 4 0 m in.
Sunday 16 , th e W in d N .W . w e fle e r'd N .
E . and then N . N . E . L a t . 2 5 d eg. w h ich
is the L a titu d e o f th e P o in t call’d Cabe-
z.a de los Martyres and E n tran ce o f the
C hannel q{ Bahama, fo rm ’d by the a fo r e -
faid P o in t and los Cayos, o r little Iflands.
In this P lace the Galeons th e Y e a r b e fo re
w ere in fuch a te rrib le S to rm , tho’ i t w a s
in September, that th ey had all lik e to
have been lo ft, fom e o f them r e t u r n ’ d % “V
to H a va n a U n m afted , and o th e rs had
m uch
dl
"chap. IX. 0/ N £
O s A / l rirach adoe to cleat th e W a te r w ith le-
Gcmelli. v e ra l Pum ps. A b o u t E ve n in g , w e d if-
15 9 9 . c o v e r’d the finall Iflands de los Caimants,
T h e W in d came to ES11, w hich made us
fle e r N . N - E . and then N o rth . M en-
day 1 jth> the W in d S. E . w e fle e r’d the
fame Cottrfe. T h e la t. 1 6 deg. 3 0 m in.
A t N ig h t it blew h ard, and fiercer o n
Tuefday 1 8 th , at N . N . E . L at. 2 7 d eg .
4 0 rain. T h e N ig h t w as as uneafy as
the lalt. T h e W in d being N . E . on
Wedntfday 1 9 , w e fle e r’ d N . N . W . and
com ing abouc at N o o n to E. N - E . w e
a lte r’d ou r C o u rfe to N . T h e L at. w as
found to be 2 8 deg. w h ere fo re the A d -
m iral g a v e notice by firin g a G u n , that
w e w ere o u t o f the Channel. T h is
C hannel b ein g 80 Leagu es in length, and
betw een 1 8 and 20 in breadth, is v e ry
D an gerou s by realbn o f the violen ce o f
the C u rre n t, and the g re a t num ber o f
Iflands about ic, which is the caufe that
m any Ships have been lo ft, b elievin g
th ey w ere out o f it. W h e n the W in d
, is fair, th ey run through it in little a -
bove 2 4 H o u r s ; but it is ab fo lu tely im -
poffible fo r Ships bound fo r the Indies,
b y reafon o f the F o rc e o f the C u r-
v v. ren t.
P B eing com e into the G o lf de las Teguas,
o r o f M ares, w e fle e r’d N . and be E.
Before Su n -fet, a Ship m ade a Sign that
they faw L an d , which made all fou n d ,
and they found firft 2 5 , and 30 Fadom e.
Thurfday 2 0 th , the W in d 5 E . w e fle e r ’d
N . E . the W e a th e r b ein g bad becaufe
o f the E qu in o x. Friday 2 .1ft, w e ftee r’d
E . and b y N . the W in d b low in g hard a t
South, w hich parted ou r Ships, fo t h a t
on Saturday 22d , o f t w e lv e , that w e
w e re at firft,on ly 7 w e re to be feen. T h e
lat. 2 8 d eg. 30 min. becaufe w e had
made but little w ay. Sunday 2 3 d , the
W in d b le w hard at N . w hich m ade us
run E . and by S. W e w ere in fo rm 'd
by one o f the feven V effels, that the
A d m ira l w ith the re ft o f the Ships a f-
ter the S to rm , had fteer’d N . E . w h e re -
upon ou r G aleo n com m anded as A d m i-
ra l, lat. 2 9 deg. 4 5 m in. T h e W in d
being c o n tra ry , made us ly e by all N ig h t,
and b efore N oon on Monday 24 th , to
Tun E. N . E . the W in d at S. E . Tuefday
1 5th, held on the fam e C ourfe.
Wedntfday 2 5 th, the W in d came to
S. W . y e t w e held the fam e C o u rfe, to
g e t m ore to N o r t h w a r d ; the lat. 3 1
deg. 2 0 m in. A t N ig h t w e made go od
w ay •, but Thurfday 2 7 t h , before N o o n
. ..... w e w ere quite becalm ’ d.
H aving loft fight o f tw o M erchants
Ships, ou r Captain D . Ferdinand Chacon,
V o l. I V .
■ ‘\ a •*; ’
t 5
i.-'i-’.w, - . - v
@
L
S
_
wP A 1'N.
call’ d the o th er C aptain s aboard h im ,
and o rd e r’d them to fo llo w .h is F la g , fet
up on . the M iz e n ,. the A d m ira l, and
V ic e -A d m ira l, being go n e from us, be*
caufe fom e danger w as fe a r’d on the
C o a lt o f Portugal, and appoin ted the
belt o f the M erchants to Com m and as
V ic e -A d m ira l, fiuce o u rs a& ed as A d -
m ir a l, and this notw ithftanding all Ships
at Havana, have their iaftru d lio n s h o w
to S ail, in cafe they fhould be p arted .
T h e la t. 3 1 . deg. 50. min. Saturday
29 th ,w e fa il’d E. N . E . th e W in d S. S. E .
Sunday 3 0 th , fleer'd £ • And by N . and
then E . N . E . the W in d at S. the lat.
3 3 deg.
B ein g near the Bermudas, which ly e
in 3 2 deg. 3 0 min. and 4 6 0 L eagu es
from Havana , the Sou ldiers and G u n -
ners began to be exercis’d , fo t fear o f
m eeting an y Enem y. T h e illand B cr -
muda belongs to the Eng Up, is faid to be
v e ry lo w , ten Leagues in length, and
F ru itfu l, w e left it to the Southw ard.
Monday 3 1 f t , fle e r ’d £ . and by N . the
W in d S. W . the lat. 3 3 d eg. 40 min.
Tuefday the firft o f H pril, w e held
the lam e C o u rfe 3 the lat. 34 deg. 1 5
min. Wednefday i d , the W in d a t N .
and the V ic e -A d m ira l’s M a ll failin g , w e
lay by fo r him to rep air it. T h e C o ld
w as v e ry fh arp, which m ade fom e Gen-?
tlem en , w ho w ere clad in S ilk , and had
no C lo ak s, fare but h a rd ly ; T h e la t.
being found to be 3 4 d eg. 3 2 min. w e
fle e r’d E . and at N ig h t the W in d fa il-
in g us S.
Tlsurfday 3 d , the W in d being E . S. E .
w e fle e r ’d N . E . and by E . and t h c n E .
N . E . Friday 4 th , w e made good w a y
w ith the fam e W in d , and found the la t.
3 4 deg. 4 0 min. A t N ig h t the W in d
blew hard, and the Sea beating in at the
P o rth o les, abundance o f G oo d s w ere
w et. Sunday 5 th , the W in d at N . W .
and then at N . w e ftee r’d E . N . E . ; the
lat. 3 5 d eg. 4 0 min. A t N igh c our G a -
Icon g a v e notice to the re ft, that he a l-
te r’d his C o u rfe , by reafon o f the
con trary W in d ; but it b lo w in g fre fh on
Monday 7 th , at S. w e fte e r’d the fam e
C o u rfe as before, as w c did Tuefday
8th. Wednefday 9th , th e W in d c o n ti-
nuing, w e fail’d E . and by N . the lat. 3 7
deg. ro min.
Thurfday 1 oth, w e h a vin g notice by a
G u n fir’d , that a Sail w as feen, o u r G a -
leon m ade tow ards h er, and found her
Butch, bound home fro m Curaz.au, T h e
lat. 3 7 d eg . 30 min. w e fte e r’d the fam e
C o u rfe w ith the W in d a t S. W . At
N ig h t w e made much w a y , and the fam e
’■ C ccc a on
. v'"WV " *.; • , f: 1 ' !,g *
i t i b V t a i , , - . .. . 't . v k & v . ,-b. ih .T ii.. • " in tii' 1 ii unLlaMiflri l’
 ..------ \
' G°CX

111 §L
' i^j~2 ~A Voyage round The VV OK L D. Book ill.
---------- -------------- -------- T 7 u 7~ a hein2 fair" 28 th , till w e came to 40 deg. 5 min. lat.
r ^ A ^ o on Friday t tth , the W in d T h e n W<J lay ftill w ithout flir t in g , T u -
Gem elli. Saturday 1 2th, before D y r i 2 0 th , and W ednejday 30th .
16 9 8 . blew hard at S. then came to N . W . aod “he 6 r fl o f M «h the W in d
V ^ Y ^ J w as a great Storm at N jgb- b lo w in g y e ry ^ > We lo w e r’d o u r
1 Sunday r 3th , the M e.r ct^ . M ain-ton-m alt. Friday the 2 d , upon
v o u r’d to perfuade C aptain », o b fe rva tio n w e found w e w ere d r iv -
he might fafely deviate fro m the K in g s , we tow ards the
O rders, which w ere to run to S ^ b y f e a f o n o f the co n trary W in d ,
d eg . o f lat. Iince theie was a caus’d’ as the P ilo ts w ould have it by
France, and therefore the rG ^ tbe Q uarter Qf the M oon. T h e
that C ourfe w as ap p o in ted , 1 a^ e rth a n ’ fame w i n d b lo w in g harder on Satur­
ated the rather becaufe r ,1 ^ v t h e ? d and not being able to ly e b y ,
Ships being difabled, could not follow t0 the6 s. W . W hat
the G aleo n ih that p i- w as a vio len t W in d b efo re, g re w up
Storm s are m ore violen t. A dreadful Storm ; fo that the
lots and Captains being confu tec up w bro ke o v e r the G a leo n , and w e
the M atter, it was agreed id avo u r o f f ' f P c ri|h ,„g,th ere w e re
th e M erchants, not to exceed 4 ° d e - t a n ? m t o g e r <a b. We
grees o f lat. about the Mauds C a e r e ., " “ lung I*“ u ‘ £ » , ’ 6 > J 0V er. S m h y
and Bures. Our lat. then was 39 E- , [bc w i t i d w as abated, f lil lic
i o min. M ondy the la • .39, , x. ’ hard again ft us, w hich made u.s
, , min. w e w e re all day becalm d , as blew hard ,5b f t r v a t t a f0 „ nd
alfo on T » « /d « . 5 * . u l A ftern o o n t e r S . having. P A U thc Ships
when the W in d cam e up at S. • fcatter’ d in the S to rm ; and there-
w e fle e r’d E . Wednefday 1 ^ w e i ay by fo r them , and to keep
M orn in g w e ran E . w ith the W in d at. S. fore w e ^ ^ ^ a t N ig h t ^
but in thc A ftern oon lay b y , y the E . S E W in d , which had plagu ’d /
o f the con trary W in d ; as w e d d on A c E . S. E . W « a , w i & bblc w
Thurfday 1 7 th. Friday 18 th , fle e r d E . us tor 1 5 not ^ tU1 M m _
the W in d S. the lat. 39 ^eg- 3 • yav - th becaufe o f the Ships that w ere
Saturday 19 th , held the fam > ftra v ’d * H avin g d ifeo ver’d 5 o f th em ,
w ith th l W in d at S s. E Sunday o t , ^ l * * ™ * ^ , J fle e r’d E .
k e p t upon the fame L in e w com e near one another, w e un­
w i n d , the lat. 39 deg. 4 0 - n : ^ ~ d erflo o d that the VefTel ca ll’d the Z W
day 2 1 ft, ran E . and by N . tne w i u u s a w a y . T h e y told us that
the lat. 40 deg. 5 “ % fir^ being near to fink, becaufe four Pum ps
the fame W in d an d .C o u rfe. W e n r a 6 ^ above W a t e r , fhe
hear’d a G u n , and then faw the A u n ti- could not Keep ^ ^ other ^
ent fet up at the Stern o f a Sh ip , tha . t0 P her fav’d the M en and
hnd ,md= n-head to d , f c „ ^ L a n d , her. C o d be

" o r m a k e n ear8to L a ^ b , rcafon o f the P ra is d I w en t not aboard h er, as I had

b y , in ligh t o f the Wands o f Csserv. W . on T a g , « b on £

P lw c, 4 8 0 t a g a r n d M a n t fro m 8 A

the Bermudas, i hat ot flinw er o f R ain in the N ig h t, quite laid

inhabited, but ferves t a 6 ra? ® . . " t he W in d Thurfday 8th, w e again d if-
tlc o f the F o rtu n es w ho n the the W u A it j* J ^ ^ ^
lfland o f Flores, which is n o ™ g g P r , b which w e had been d ro ve a hun-
m ore Fru itfu l. W e being o J » J d red Leagu es, and holding on our C o u rfe
a Channel three Leagues in , and then E . found our felves in the
made by the tw o W ands, could n o t a i t . ann „ had bccn ,
vancc a Step all t U r f i m , M y ,. • » da' S f o e. B e in g now fo near E m
S e ,« r jv , the j * 2 5 * . 2nd 2 « h . da? >« ' ^ f t l f bctIe of
T h is lull day before N oon w e d.fco^ ^ h a J tr0' , U ed „ e five
v e r ’d a S a i l , which p ro y . , y caus’d by the m ighty heat I had
Englifb Pink, bound tor Jam aic , endur’d T h e lat. upon O bfervation ,
confirm ’ d thc N ew s o f the Peace. A ll " e hf * §eg. p m in. W e
the reft o f the d ay, - ’ becalm ’d till M id n igh t; but Friday

Ja « — "»•“ wind“as

;W"
‘J * ^ **
\ * •
CP
Chap. i>L p E W ~TV~AlH -.
f V A / i and again a t £ . S. E . A t N ig h t fo r fe a r
GemclU, o f L a n d , w e fle e r ’d N . and b y E . b e -
i<5> 8 . in g in the Iat. 35? d e g . 5 0 m in. S a tu r-
'■ '''“V 'N J day 10 t h , f le e r ’d S . S . E . th e W in d b e-
in g E . A b o u t N o o n w e d ifc o v e r ’d the
Ifland o f F a y a f w h ich th e y fay is v e ry
F r u i t f u l ; the lat. 3 9 d e g . 1 5 m in. We
c o a lte d a lo n g th e Sou th fide o f the
Iflan d ,b ecan fe w e co u ld n o t o n the N o r t h
fid e, th e W in d b ein g c o n tra ry . A f t e r
M id -n ig h t w e la y b y , fo r fe a r o f b e in g
a -g ro u n d . Sunday 1 1 th , m a k in g m uch
w a y to w a rd s E . S. E . w ith th e W in d a t
N . E . w e p afs’d b y th e Ifland Ptco, be-
lo n g in g to the K in g o f Portugal, w ell
in h ab ited , and F r u it fu l in W h e a t , and
fe v e r a l fo rts o f European F ru it. W e
w e r e b ecalm ’d a t N ig h t .il/ W r fy x 2 th ,th e
W in d c o m in g u p a t N o r t h , w e fle e r ’d
E . and b y $ . and a fte rw a rd s E . S. E . T h-
e(titty 1 3 t h , fa il’d E . and then E . S. E .
the W in d com in g to N . E . th e la t. 3 7
d eg . 2 0 . m in. W edntfday 14 t h , fle e r ’d
E . S. E . and E. fin d in g d ie lat. to be 3 6
d eg . 5 6 min. T h u rfday 1 5 th, w c m ade
litt le w a y upon th e fam e P o in t, th e
W in d b ein g N o r t h e r ly , and la y b y a t
N ig h t , bccaufe th e W in d w as c o n tra -
r y . Frid a y i 5 th , a t b re a k o f d a y , w e
fa w t w o E nglijh M en o f W a r am o n g us,
bound a g a in ft the Salle P y r it e s . We
la y b y the Iat. 3 5 d e g . 3 0 m in . S a tu r-
day 1 7 t h , w e fte e r ’d N . E . th e W in d
b e in g E . S . E . and fou n d the lat. 3 5 d e g .
3 6 m in. W e m ade but litt le w a y , and
Sunday iS t h , th e W in d q u ite fe ll, w h ich
g a v e o p p o rtu n ity f o r a Proceffion to be
m ad e ab o ard , and p re fe n tly a ft e r ic the
W in d b lew fa ir a t S. w h ich c a r r y ’ d us
E . N . E . M onday 1 9 t h ,t h e W in d S .W .
w c fte e r ’d E . N . E . to r e c o v e r th e lo ft
L a t itu d e , an d b ecanfe w c m ad e g o o d
w a y , th e C a p tain re ca ll’ d th e O rd e r he
had g iv e n o f fh o rtn iu g the M en s a llo w -
ancc o f B isk e t, to fis O unces a d a y ; th e
la t. 3 6 d eg. A b o u t M id n ig h t, th e M an
a t th e H elm c ry ’ d o u t, that th e R u d d e r
to u ch ’ d g ro u n d , w hich p u t all in to a g r e a t
frig h t. Som e {aid w e w e re upon th e
F la ts , but the P ilo ts den y’d i t , fa y in g
th e F la ts w e re 5 2 L ea gu es, b eyo n d th e
Ifland o f St. M ary. O th ers f a i d i t had
been an E a rth q u a k e , o th e rs th at w e had
p a fs’d o v e r a W h a le , as fhe la y afleep ;
b u t h e arin g th a t th e fam e had hapned
to th e o th er S h ip s, ic con firm ’d c h e O p i-
n ion o f th^ E arth q u ak e .
T uefday 2 0 th , it rain ’ d , and then th e
W in d cam e to N . W . and w e fle e r ’d E .
N . E. A t N ig h t it b le w a S to rm , w h ich
. f m ade us ly e u n d er a, F o r e - fa il, and it
Je lle d till W ednefday 2 1 f t . A f t e r that
■ <SL
fff
w e w e re b ecalm ’d , and then d r o v e fd r -
w a r ’d b y a ft r o n g S . W . g a le . A t N ig h t
it b le w S. S. E . and w e fte e r’d E . and by
N . Thurfday n d , w e f le e r ’d E . N . £ .
th e lat. 3 7 d e g . 2 m in. F rid a y 2 3 d , w e
la y a th w a rt the W in d w ith o u t an y
C lo a th ab ro ad , b ccaufe the, W in d w as
c o n tra ry . T h e P ilo ts d ifp n ted ab o u t
th e d iftan ce fro m L a n d , and th e m o lt
fa v o u ra b le O pin ion w a s, that w e w e re
5 0 L ea g u es from C a p c S t. Vincent, W e
co n tin u 'd in th e fam e P o ffu re , till S d -
turday 2 4 th , at N o o n ; the lac. 3 7 d e g .
4 0 m in. a fte rw a rd s w e f le e r ’d S. and by
E . ra th e r than ly e a lw a y s in th e fam e
p la c e . Sunday 2 5 th , the O rd e r began
t o be p u t in E x e c u tio n , to g iv e e v e r y
M an 6 O unces o f B isk et a D a y , w ith
a fm a ll m eafu re o f W a t e r , w h ich r a -
th e r increas’d , than q u en ch ’d T h ir ft ,
A t N ig h t it p le a s’d G o d to (how his
M e rc y on us, fen d in g a N . E . W in d
w h ich a llo w ’d us to fle e r E , S. E . and
M onday 2 6 th , in the M o rn in g w e co u ld
l y e £ . and by S. the lat. 3 7 d e g . 1 5 min-
T h e fam e C o u rfe w as h eld at N ig h t ,
an d Tutjfday 2 7 t h till N o o n ; w b e n fin d -
in g th e la t. 3 6 d e g . 5 0 m in. w e fle e r ’d
E . th e P ilo t re c k o n in g w e w e r e fo r t y
L e a g u e s fro m C a p e Sc. Vincent, and h is
M a te but th irty ,
T h a t N ig h t , and all W ednefday 2 8 th ,
w e fa il’ d E . and b y N . th e W in d a t N .
N . W . a fm all V e ffe l k e e p in g a-h ead
and Sou n d in g all th e w a y , th e lat. 3 6
d e g . 4 0 m in. T w o hours b e fo re S u n -
fe t , w e d ifc o v e r’d a fm all S h ip , w h ich
to ld us fhe w as French bound fro m B re ft
t o th e Ifland M a d e ra . Soon a fte r w e
f i w fo u r VeiTcls m o r e , H an din g the
fam e C o u r fe w e d id , w h e re u p o h o u r
C a p ta in caus’d the G u n s (b e in g ab out
5 0 B ra fs p ie c e s ) to be m ade re a d y , and
the D e c k to be c le a r’ d o f all C a b b in s
an d o th er E n cu m b ran ce. T h e r e w as
m uch C o n fu fio n in flo w in g fo m an y
C h e fts , and B u n d els, as la y a b o u t ; then
he fu rn ifh ’d all P erfo n s w ith A r m s and
A m m u n itio n , and aflign ’d e v e r y M an
his P o ft. A t N ig h t he k e p t L ig h ts b e-
tw een D e c k s , and all his C r e w iu a
re a d in e fs , h a v in g bear'd 5 G u n s fil'd
o n e a fte r a n o th e r, w h ich g a v e N o t ic e
th at th e fo u r Sh ip s w e re c lo fe a S te rn
o f us. A ll th in gs b ein g in O r d e r , w e
e x p e & e d the fiv e Ships u n d er o u r C o n -
v o y , and then held on o u r C o u rfe .
Thurfday 2 9 th , w e fa il’d I t and by N .
and then E . N . E . the W in d , at N . W ^
W c u n derftood thofe Sh ip s w e re F rie n d s,
bound fro m the N o rth fo r Cadiz.. N o
O b f e m t io n w a s tak en . B e fo re N ig h t
wa
*71
f(f)!) . m
w ^ !^ > /
1 74 A Voyage round the W O R LD,
r n-A -O w e Taw th ree Sh ips, w hich again put o u r
Gem dli. Galeon into an A larm •, but Friday 3 0 th ,
16 9 S . b eing com e nearer w e found one o f them
k / 'V >0 w as ou r A d m ira l, and the o th er tw o
the Galeons o f O v illa , and Garay p arted
From us in the Storm ab ove tw o M onths
b efo re. T h e M erchant Ships falu ted
them with 5 G u ns, w ere a n fw e r’d w ith
3 , and return’d the lik e N u m b er, then
the A d m ira l g a v e one, and the M e r-
chants did the fam e. W e w ere in fo rm ’d
that the A d m ira l com in g o u t o f th e
’’ Channel o f Bahama fpru n g h er F o re -
m oft, and M ain -to p-m aft, and had her
S p rit-fa il c a rry ’d in to th e Sea by the
vio len ce o f the W in d , and therefore had
lain b y eigh t D a y s to re fit, b ein g alm o ft
re a d y to return unto the Indies. We
llc e r ’ d E . the W in d at W . the lat. 3 6
d eg. 35 min. Saturday 3 0 th , fa il’d E .
and then E . and by N . the W in d N .
F in d in g the lat. upon O b fervation 3 6
d eg. 1 1 min. and p erceivin g the C u rre n t
had c a ll us o ff fro m 3 6 d eg. 3 0 min. the
lat. o f C adiz., w e fle e r’d at N ig h t E . N .
E*
Sunday the 1 11 o f Ju n e , w h en , acco rd -
in g to the P ilo t’s A cco u n t, w e thou ght
o u r fe lv e s near L a n d , w e fa w n o th in g
o f it. W e found the lat. 3 6 d eg. 1 4
m in. and foon a fte r a Ship fir’d a Gun
to g iv e N o tic e they faw L a n d , which
w as v e r y jo y fu l N e w s to us. W e p e r-
c e iv ’d the C u rren t fet S. E . fince w e had
g o t but three M inutes to N o rth w a rd ,
M onday 2d , w e cou ld not approach the
L an d by reafon o f the co n trary W in d ,
w h ich w as E . and therefore w e fle e r ’d
N. W e made little w a y th at N ig h t,
and Tuefday 3 d , w ere becalm ’d , but b e-
fo re N o o n tKe W in d cam e up at S. and
fe t us fo rw ard fo r the Shore. T h e b e ll
w as, that in th ree D a y s , nine P ilo ts,
could n o t decide w hat Land it w as, o r
h o w far from Cadiz., tho’ it w as th e ir
n ative Soil. T h e n w e d ife o v e r’d a S a il,
w h ich being call'd in by a Slat from the
C H A P . X.
The Defeription of the IJland and City of Cadiz, and an Account of what the
Author Jam during his Abode there.
Cadiz de- r | ^ H E Ifland o f Cadiz, w as firft c a ll’d
lcribV* JL 3W s Ifland, on A cco u n t o f a
T e m p le there dedicated to h e r ; a fte r
that it had the N am e o f G a d ir, and
Cades, and la flly co rru p tly cam e to be
ca ll’d Cadiz.. 1 he C ity is feated to the
N o rth w a rd o f the S tre ig h t o f G ib ra lta r,
tn 3 5 deg. 3 0 m in. L atitu d e. T h e P o r t
(Mt
H n |
Book IIL
A d m ira l put up French C o lo u rs , and an-
fw e r ’d w ith a G u n . T h e n the French-
M an faluted w ith fe v e n , and th e A d m i-
ra l a n fw e r’d w ith five. T h e Frewcfc C a p -
tain p refen ted the A d m ira l w ith fom e
R e tre lh m e n t, l a y in g , he cam e out o f
Cadiz, the D a y b efore on p u rp o fe to m eet
h im ; becaufe he w as h o u rly expedted in
the C ity . H e added he had that M o rn -
in g fp o k e w ith the C ap tain o f a Turkijb
Ship o f fifty G u n s, o f w hom he u n d er-
flo o d th ere w e re t w o m o re a t C a p e St.
V incent. T h e French Sh ip bore us C o m -
p an y (h a v in g 3 5 G u n s) w e fle e rin g E .
and b y N . and then E . N . E . Two
M eflengers w ere fent before in the T e n -
d er, w ith tw o Packets, on e fo r the K in g ,
the o th er fo r the In d ia H oufe. W e held
on o u r C o u rfe to w ard s Lan d E . N . E .
and a fte r M id -n ig h t began to Sound, as
is ufual, to find out on w h at p a rt o f the
C o alt o f Cadiz, w e w e re . W ednesday 4 th ,
fle e r ’d firft E . N . E . and then S. E . to
g e t in to the B a y o f Cadiz.. W e lefc the
L a n d o f Rota b e lo n gin g to the D u k e o f
A rcos on the le ft , and abundance o f
Ships that la y a t A n c h o r in th e B a y .
A t la ft, G o d be p ra is’d , w e cam e to an
A n ch o r n ear the Putales, h a vin g fa il’d
4 6 0 L eagu es from Berm udas, and 1 3 0 0
fro m H a va n a in 8 4 D a y s. A ll Cadiz.
rejo y e’d , fo rg e ttin g the lofs o f fe v e ra l
M illion s b y the Sacking o f Carthagena 3
n o t on ly the H oufes, but the Steeples
b ein g ad orn ’d w ith C o lo u rs fet u p 3 and
all the Shore c o v e r’d w ith a M u ltitu d e o f
P e o p le com e dow n to fee us, the B ells
throughout a ll the C it y R in g in g to Eccho
the P e o p le ’s Jo y . B e fo re the A n ch o rs
w ere d ro p t I w en t afhore in a B o a t, le a v -
in g all m y E q u ip age behind ; k n o w in g
it could n ot be c a rry ’d o fftill the Indulto
w as fe tle d , w hich is a C om pofition fo r
the K in g ’s D u ties. I to o k a R o o m in
an Inn to re c o ve r m y f e lf after m y p afl
Sufferings,
m ay be faid to be on e o f the m o ll fr e - ^
quented in Europe j it being a P lace
w here Ships touch g o in g to , o r retu rn -
in g fro m the L e v a n t, fro m the C o aft o f
A fr ic k , the E a fl and W e ft In dies, and
thofe o f the Streigh ts bound in to the
O cean. T h e C ity is in an Ifland; fo r on
th e E a ll fide, that is , to w ard s th e C oir-
tin e n t,
111 <SL

*
chap, x" “ ' — ;---
0/ a
r-T- . .1. - ' r
Te w 573
--------X

f S J ^ n tinenr,ithasaChannclthatjoynscheW a- ing, they having 12 Millions A b o ard ;

Gemelli. ters o f the Bay with thofe o f the main there was hopes o f recovering the Plate,
1699. Ocean, over which is a moft beautiful being in fiich ihoal W a te r, but the
t / ’V ' V Bridge. Its lhape is Irregular, the length Goods were all Ipoil’d. 1 had us’d all
Eaft and W ell, and the breadth North Endeavours to come Aboard that Ship,
and South; yet not above half a League but it pleas'd God for my Good, I did
in compafs, and that not all enclos’d not prevail. IVedneJ'day 18tb, the Count
with a W all. T ho’ fmall, it is vaftiy carry’d me with him in bis Boat to Port pert st,
R ich , and the Buildings, as well P'ublick St. M ary, 1 Leagues from Cadiz*. T h is Wzy*
as Private not inferior to many in £ « - Place and the Country about it belongs
rope, but the Streets are ill lhap’d and to the Duke o f Mcdina-celi. It is much
crooked. T he Ifland, tho’ but three larger than Cadiz*, the Streets hand-
Miles in length, is very plentiful, and fomer, as are abb the great Houles,
fupply’d with all forts o f Flelh, Fifh, Lying W elt o f the Bay o f Cadiz, up-
and Fruit, and moft delicious Bread ; on an inlet of the Sea that runs two
all brought from the neighbouring V il- Leagues up the Country, to the Mona-
lages, but at a dear R a te ; fo that a Man fiery ofCarthu/ians, call'd Canuja de Xeres,
cannot live under a-piece o f Eight a it is inhabited by very rich Merchants.
D ay. Friday 20th, the Count carry’d me A -
Forts. On the Eaft fide o f it is a finail Caftlc board Monfieur Coetlagon, who com*
call’d St. Catherine; and two Forts call’d manded ten French-Men o f W ar, and re-
Ioj Puntales upon the Bay ; one o f them ceiv'ei us very Honourably, treating the
on the Ifland Mata C erd a ; the ocher Company with Coffee and Tea, which the
near Puerto Real, o r Port Royal, both o f Spaniards did not like. Thence we went
them encompafs’d with W ater. The out as far as the Pt,malts to fee a Vellel
Bay is about eight Leagues in compafs, come from the Weft-Indies, which to my
and deep enough every where ; but the great Satisfaction, as having fame Con-
Dwellings all about, and the great tram- cern Aboard, we found to be that call’d
ber o f Ships, that look like a W ood, Efpannoleta, commanded by John de la
make it very Delightful to behold. V'ma, which was thought to be loft, and
The Bay. *©• PratiCts Gutierrez, de los Rios y Cor- worth half a Million. There we were
dova, Count o f Fc'-nan Names. enter- inform’d that another fmall Veiled call’d
rain’d me nobly on Monday 9th, to hear the Sevillano was put into St. Lucar, they
me give an Account o f my T ravels, and having been both 3 1 Days at Fayed, by
engag’d me to make ufe o f his T ab le reafon o f the contrary Winds.
. during ray Stay. Being there at. Dinner D . Thomas Em nentt having fecn the
on Tuefday 10th, N ew s was brought us Rarities I brought, prefented me with
o f the Arrival o f the Tender belonging a Mineral Stone, in which was a large
to the GaUons, with die News, T h at the Emerand, that I might add it to the reft
Vice-Admiral was caft away five Leagues o f my Curiofities , a Generofity uuu-
from Havana, through the Fault o f the fual in thefe Days, for which I own ray
Pilot, who was fled, who lay by on the felf extreamly oblig’d. The following
Coaft for the Boat that was behind, and Days I fpent in taking Leave o f my
unadvifedly fell into four or five Fadotn Friends, being to depart loon, as w ill
W ater. This Account turn’d all the appear in the next Book.
Jo y o f tire People o f Cadiz, into Mourn-

m. ,

' A V O Y-

mu
 X jS ‘ G°ifeX
f/ y —
f(lj
%j6 A Voyage round the W O R L D.
A Voyage round the W orld by D r. John
Francis Gemelli Careri. P a rt IV.
Containing the moft Remarkable Things
' N E W
T BOOK
c h
An Account of what is mojl Remarkable in the City of Sevil,
Journey to M ad rid.
* — * \ N Wedmfday the id o f Ju ly, I
Gemelli. g 1 fet 0ut for Port St. Mary, and
159 9 . V f took up my Lodging at the
Flemmings Inn, who gave good Entertain-
ment tor nine Royals a Day } but I could
have fatted all p a y to hear him talk o f his
Quality. He drew out a greafy Parch-
ment which he faid was a Grant from
K ing Philip the Fourth, and had coll
him four Piftoles. But a Dutch Captain
o f a Ship made him Mad, ridiculing him,
and faying, the Arms on the Parchment
were none o f his j and that, as he had
Bought it o f fome Sharper, fo he cry’d
it up to Sell it him for a piece of Eight.
St. Lucttr. Having hir’d a Calalh upon Thurfday
3d, for 1 1 Royals, I went in it through
a well cultivated Country three Leagues
to St. Litcar de Barrameda, a T ow n big-
ger than Cadiz., feated on the left-hand
Bank o f the River Guadalquivir, which
makes it abound in all Things, and be-
longing to the Duke o f Medina Sidonia.
Here 1 took Boat, before Sun-fet, and
having run up about fix Leagues with
W ind and T id e, till about Mid-night,
the Watermen call Anchor, and wc lay
there the remaining part o f the Night.
Friday 4th, the T ide ferving three Hours
after Sun-rifing, we went on again. T h is
R iver, tho’ winding, is fmootli, and a-
bout 10 0 Paces over. A t Night we
came to a Village call’d la Puebla 3 and
thence to Corea belonging to the King,
not far from the other, both o f them
on the right fide o f the R iver, and 1 2
■ Leagues from St. Lucar. T w o Leagues
farther we came to G elves, a Village be-
longing to the Duke o f Veraguas, where
wc anchor’d, becaufe the T ide was Ebb,
aud again!! us. About two in the Morn-
<SL
Look IV.
he (aw in
S T A IN .
IV . __________________
a p . I.
and the Author's
ing we advanced again with the Flood *
fo that an Hour before Day we anchor’d
at the Golden Tower, where I was forced
to give the Officers fomething that they
might not Search my Trunks.
Saturday y t h, we got into Sevil, thro Tj,e Alee
the Gate o f the Arfenal, where I gave medt.
the Officers half a piece o f Eight to pafs
my Goods. Andrew Cafiagnola, a Genoefe,
courteoufly receiv’d me in his Houfe,
and after Dinner we went in a Coach
and four Horfes to take the A ir in the
Alameda. Here are long rows o f T rees,
and in the midft o f them a Fountain,
which ferves to W ater the Place every
N ight, and to fill the Trenches about it.
A t the Entrance into this Place there
are two high, and antient Pillars, with
two Statues on them much impair’d with
A ge, one o f which they fay reprefents
Hercules, and the other Julius Cafar *, it
is not known whether they were ere&ed
by the Romans, and I doubt o f it very
much, becaufe of the W ords Plus Vltra
carv’d on them} unlefs perhaps they
were not cut when the Pillars were ere-
£ted. _ _ .
Sevil is feated in a Plain, in the Lati-
tude o f 37 Degrees, and 20 Minutes,
It is almoft round, and not much lefs
than two Leagues in com pafs; fo Popu-
lous that it contains about 42 Monalte-
ries o f Religious Men, and 36 Nunne-
ries, and 12 Hofpitals, befides the Pa- v,
rilh Churches 3 and all thofe good Stru-
dtures, as are the Palaces, and the Hou-
fes o f the Citizens. But the Screets are
not pav’d , narrow , crooked , and
much like thofe o f the Moorish Towns,
which makes them very Inconvenient in
Summer for D ull, and in W inter for
D irt,
HP
-'XV\ *
Chap. L Of N E W S T A L K
D irt, befides their being fo Intricate that
Gemelli. a Stranger* eafily lofes himfelf. There
1699. are 14 Gates in its low W a lls ; the
l y ' W J molt Remarkable o f which is that of Xe-
re*, at which King Ferdinand made his
Entry, when he took it from the Moors.
T he Suburbs are thofe o f St. Bernard,
St. Beneditt, St. Koch, Tablada, la Fuente
del Arcobibifpo, and others. On the right
fide o f the River is another little Cicy,
call’d Triana, join’d to Sevil by a wooden
Bridge. There is nothing in it Remark-
able, but a Monaftery o f Carthufians, and
• the Palace and Prifons of the Inquifition.
Sevil is nothing inferior to M adrid for
bignefs, or number o f Inhabitants. The
Men are handfotner than the Women,
but very Proud.
AUoxtr, Sunday 6th, about Evening we went
or Palace, to fee the Alcaz.ar, or Palace o f the
Moorifh Kings. About the firft Court,
which is large, are the Dwellings that
ferv’d for the Fam ily; whence parting
through a Portico fupported by 32 fmall
Marble Pillars, where they fay was the
K ing’s Table, they go to the Baths. Then
we came into the fecond Court, about
which there are noble Apartments, in
the lower Floor, which now ferve for
an A rc h iv e ; and thofe above for the
> • Governor of the City’s Habitation; they
all look Majeftick, notwithftanding the
carv’d W ork, and Gilding appears to
be made by a barbarous Hand. In the
void Place about the Baths there are four
fquares o f O range-Trees, made as they
fay for the Diverfion o f Queen M ary de
Padilla, W ife to King Peter, firnam’d
the Cruel, who often us’d to Refort thi-
ther. Oppofite to them is the great Gate
that led to the Apartments. Firft there
is a long Room or Gallery, which leads
into fuch another, and that to a good
handfome Chamber, out of which they
go down to the lower Apartments,
Here is a fine Court, in the nature of a
Cloifter, with 5 2 Marble Pillars, and a-
bout it feven State Rooms after the Moor-
ifb Fafhion, curioufly adorn’d with carv’d
W o r k ; what deferves to be particularly
obferv’d is a Cupula, and a State-Room,
where perhaps the Royal Throne ftood.
« T h e W ork (hews it was begun by the
M oors , and finilh’d and improv’d by the
sp an iard s. In the fecond Gallery there
is an Iron Gate which leads firft into a
Square, in which is aFifii-Pond, or great
Bafon, with a Statue pouring out W ater
at feveralParts; then there is a W ay on
jp the Right down two pair o f Stairs into
two Squares encompafs’d with high and
thick Mirtle-Trees. Here there are fe-
Vol. IV.
* S 0 I
<SL
yff.
veral Statues, clad in that fame? Green,
and reprefenting M vfuym s, with feveral
forts o f Instruments in their Hands; on
the Ground there are abundance of lit­
tie Holes for W ater to gulh out to wafh
People as they go by. Further on ftill
upon the fame Level, on the right Hand
there are two other Squares o f Mirtle-
T rees, artificially cut; Hence we pafs’d
into another wall’d Place, in which there
are eight Squares with feveral Plants,
about them good Hedge-Rows o f M irtle,
and in the middle fine Allies to W alk.
T here are two Fountains, one clofe to
the Wall curioufiy wrotght, the other
under an Arch, with feveral Figures o f
Hearts and Men, one o f them founding
a Trumpet. A t the end o f the Alley
oppofite to this Arch, 1 have fpoke of,
is a Door leading to a Fountain in Rock-
W ork, which was going to Ruin, tor
want o f looking after; about it there are
thick Squares o f Mirtle. Going through
another Door oppolice to it is a little
Summer-Houfe cover’d wich Purcellaue,
but ill order’d, and by it another Bafon,
with a Statue pouring out W ater. Here
are feveral Plats o f R o fes, and other
Flowers. Adjoyning to this is another
Orange and Lemmon G ard en ; and ano-
ther o f Greens parted by a high Wall.
In this Place there are two rows o f A r-
ches, one upon another, with Iron gilt
Balconies. A ll hitherto defcrib’d is en-
clos’d with high Walls, withlquare T o w -
ers at convenient diftances.
Monday 7th, going about to view the Domini1
C ity, I law the Monaftery o f St. Paul o f cm .
the Dominicans, not yet finilh’d ; the
Plan is larg e, has great Pillars, which
are to fupport the Arches o f Dormito-
ries for 15 0 Fathers. T h e Church is
large, and has three Ifles. Thence we
went to the Francifcans, a Monaftery re- - . ;
markable, not for Beauty, but for Big-
nefs, having feveral Cloifters, with a
great number o f Cells for 200 Friars,
T h e Novicelhip ftands a-part in an An-
gle o f the Orchard. T h e Church is not
very big, but has many Chappels about
it, which are like fo many little Chur-
ches, efpecially thofe o f the Bifcainers,
and Portuguefes. On the fide o f the
Church is a roundRoom,hung wichCrim-
fon Velvet, where the 24 R egidores, who
govern’d the City meet with the A lca d es
and Jurados, who oppofe them in fuch
Things as are not convenient. The firft:
o f thefe lit upon Benches made faft on
high about the Room ; the others on
Benches cover’d with Leather ftanding on
the Floor ; there is fuch another Room
D ddd above
©>
Voyage round the W O R L D.
C S J^ A above Stairs fo rW in te r.T h e C h u r c h o f
Gtm diu the M e r c ia n s , whither we went next,
16 9 9 . tho’ final], is v ery beautiful i and the
Monaftery fpacious with plealant C loi-
ZHkrctu* pers adorn’d with Marble Pillars. T h is
rilnu was the fir ft built in Sevil, after Expel-
linn the Moors in the Year 124 9 .
The Thence I went to the Lonja, other-
fchange. wife call’d Cafa do Comercio de la India,
which is the Exchange ; which is a large
Stru&ure arch’d and fupported by Pillars
of hard Stone. Here a Prior and two
Confuls Adminifter Juftice to Merchants
under a Canopy in a ftately H a ll; and
to A fiefs, and receive the Indulto the K in g
f . demands upon the arrival o f Plate Fleets;
as alfo the Duties for other Expences.
T hat Year, notwithftanding the Lofs
fuftain’d at Cartbagena, the Merchants
were oblig’d to pay three Millions and a
half at Portabelo, and the Confuls endea-
vour’d to make them pay a greater Sum.
Then we faw the Ai chbifhop’s Palace
Arcbbi- o f an ordinary Structure. It has two
(hop’sPa- Courts, and large Apartments, both a-
lace. bovc and below, fit for fo great an Arch-
bilhop whole Revenue amounts toi 20000
* pieces o f Eight. The fineft thing above
Stairs is the O rato ry; and in the Sacrifly
thc rich Veftments, adorn’d with G old ,
and artificially laid up in Email Drawers.
T he Cathedral, which is near the
Cathedral Houfe, and the Model o f all the Cathe-
drals in the Indies, m aybe call’d another
St P e w ’s at Rome, as well for its large-
nefs as becaufe the W ork about it is
not yet finifh’d after fo many Years, be-
‘ ing fuch as requires fome Ages. A Square
o f Orange-trees, encompafs’d with half
Pillars with Iron Chains, leads to one of
the five Gates on the Tides o f the Church,
befides the three in the Front, which is
not yet finifh’d. T his Church is about
fifty Paces in length within, and propor-
tionably broad, having five Ifles, and
handfome Pillars. It has 75 Altars, but
the great one is o f an incomparable Stru-
dure, being a Semicircle, with a way to
le from the Choir, enclos'd with gilt
Iron Banillers. They told me the Paf-
chal Candle fet up there on Holy Satur-
day, weighs 6 i $ Pounds. T h e Choir is
adorn’d with excellent Carving, and two
good Organs. In the Chappel where the
Body o f the Holy K ing Ferdinand lies,
on the one fide is the Tom b o f K in g
Jlphonfo, who was chofen Emperor, and
on the other that of Queen Beatrix. On
the Tom b o f D. Ferdinand Columbia, the
Son of Chriftopher Columbus, the firft D if-
coverer o f Am enta, are thefe Words.
A Caftilla, y a Leon,
Nuevo Alundo dio Colon.
'■ §L
Book IV.
T h at is, Columbusgave a new W orld
to the Crowns ot Cafide and Leon. T h e
divine Service is here perform’d by 95
Chapter Men, befides interior Priefts,
Servants and Mufitfans, to the Number
if} all o f 2 5 0 , maintain’d according to
their Quality with a Revenue of 80000
pieces of Eight. In the Sacrifly, be-
iides the Ornament o f curious Carving
and Painting, and precious Relicks, is a 1
SilverTabernacle,weighing 2650 Pounds;
and a Brafs Tenebra Candleftick o f 2000
Pound, which they told me coft 30000
pieces o f Eight, becaufe o f its excellent
Workmanfhip. The Mafick Books for
the Service o f the Choir coft 80000
pieces o f Eight. They ffcill Ihew the K ey
the Moorish King deliver’d to King Fer-
dm and upon the Surrender o f the City,
Adjoyning to the Sacrifly is the Room
before the Chapter, adorn'd with half
Reliefs o f Marble made by an excellent
Hand. T h e Place where the Chapter
meets is round, and arch’d, all hung
with Cnmfon Velvet. On the fide of the
Church is the O ratory, for keeping the
Blefled Sacrament to carry to the Sick.
There are in it eleven Altars, and a X
good Sacrifly, all adorn’d with fine Mar-
ble Statues o f half Relief. T his Oratory
is ferv’d by four Curares. The T o w e r
o f the Church is Majeftick enough,
Square, made o f folid Stone curioufly
W rought, and glow s narrower flill as
it rifes, being above 200 Geometrical
Feet in height. W ithin it the Stairs are
fuch that a Man may ride a Horfe up to
the B e lfr y , where there are 25 Bells,
Great, and Small, and there are feveral
Rooms for Servants. On the top o f it
Hands a Statue o f gilt Brafs call’d la G i-
ralda, which turns with the W ind like a
Weathercock.
N ext I went to fee the Houfe o f the
Venerable*, or for Priefts to retire to,
which was then Building at a vaft Ex- Venembks.
peace. T h e Church is well enough a-,
dom’d with gilt Images, and fundry Pi­
fla r e s ; and the Monaftery has a ftately
Cloifter, with Marble Pillars. W ithout
the City I faw the Hofpital o f the CZm -
rity. T h e Houfe is well Built and Large,
and there are good Beds in the Galleries, charity.
The Church tho’ Email, and but with 5
Altars, is remarkable for good Paine-
ing. Here I faw a fine Silver Taberna-
cle,
T he Houle o f St. Elmo is the Place st.Elmt.
where Boys arc caken in to be InftruQed
in the A rt o f Navigat ion, there being a
Ship in the middle o f the Court, and
then they are fent to the Indies. W hen
they
III
//> — \ \ \

; §L
s~^

Chap. I. Of N E W S P A l N. ^579
r s jv -^ k they return, the Governors o f the Houfe Structure, ere&cd by the Duke o f A l-
Gemelli. receive them, and recover their W ages cola, and there are in it /lately Rooms,
1699. o f the King, or Traders, as long as and a Court befet with Pillars.
W/'SpO they will continue to live in that Houfe* Going over the Bridge we came to cinkitk-
* which is very large. Triana, and thence to Us Cuevas, or the arts. ‘
j/meiuS N ext, we walk’d about the W alls, as Carthufians. T h o ’ the Monaflery is large,
* ’ far as the Aqueduil, which, tho’ Built, and has /lately Pillars, the Church is
as they told me by the Romans, /till eon- fmall, but well adorn’d. T here are five
veys the W ater to the City. Thence Tom bs in it, with curious marble Sta-
we went to the Prado, or Plain o f St. tues, o f the Counts o f fTarifa. In the
Ju jla , and St. Rufina, the Protedreffes o f Sacrifly there are moll precious Relicks,
Sevil, becaufe they fuffer’d Martyrdom and Church Stuff o f great Value. T h ey
there, and then entred the C ity again fliow a Brafs Piece, which they fay is
at the Gate o f Carmona. By the way I one o f thofe given to Judas. In the
law the Palace Built by the Duke o f Chapter there are two Statues o f the
A lcala, when he return’d from his T ra - aforefaid Counts, and on a beautiful A 1-
vels, after the Model o f P in t’s Palace tar, one of our Bleffed Lady well enough
fhown at Jerufalem. Carv'd. In another Room is the Tom b
Courts. Tuefday 8th, I faw the Tribunals, and o f the Archbilhop Mena, Founder o f
palling through a handlome Court, befet the Place.
with beautiful Columns, with a good A s we return'd Home late, 1 was St,t Qt
Fountain in the middle , found three /bow’d in the Street call’d E l Can delcjo, reteri
Halls, two for C ivil Caufes, in each of a half Figure of King Peter, whom they
which four Oydores or Judges meet } and call the Cruel. Asking the meaning o f
the other for the Criminal, where three it I was told , that he going about at
Meades, and a Ftfcal or K ing’s Solicitor Night Incognito, as he was wont to do,
meet. A Regent, or chief Magiftrate o f to fpy what was doing about the City,
Sevil, who is a Gown-Man, fits as Pre- quarrell’d with a Spanijh Bravo, who
fident, fometimesinone, and fometimes would not give him the way, and had
» in another, as he pleafes, and therefore the Fortune to Kill him. T h e Body be-
has his Apartment there. ing found in the Morning, the K ing or-
Thence we went to lee the Cafa de der’d the Murderer Ihould be enquir’d
India- Cdntratadon, or India-Houfe, in which after, and feverely proceeded againft.
Houfe. there are three Halls, one call’d o f G o- T he Alcade was fo diligent that he dif-
vernment, or the Chamber o f D ire& i- cover'd the T ru th } and the King ask-
on, in which fit a Prefident, and fome ing about it, he anfwered, he could pro-
other Officers, all Sword-men } another ceed no further, becaufe the Murderer
in the Chamber o f Juftice, where are was too Powerful. Being again corn-
three Oydores, or Judges, and a Fifcal, manded to proceed to the utmofl rigour
or King’s Solicitor} and the T hird the o f the Law , wholoever the Perfon was,
T reafury, where others o f the K ing’s the Alcade caus’d the K in g to be Be-
Olficers meet. T he Prefident lives in headed in Effigie, and in Memory therc-
this Houfe. fore the half Statue was fee up in the
Wednefday pth, my Friend and I went Street where the Murder hapned.
S. Jerome. to ^ g Monaflery o f S. Jerome. The Thurfday io tb , in the M orning, I
moll wonderful Thing there, is an Image went to the great Market, and there
o f that Saint, made o f Clay, about 180 found a vail Concourfe o f Buyers and
Years fince, with the Crucifix and Lion, Sellers} and after Dinner to a Caltle
by a Neapolitan } all fo natural and arti- they fay was Built by the M o ors,
ficial, that it looks as i f it were really now call’d S. John de Alfarache, half a
alive. Philip the 4th, o f happy Memo- League from the City. T here is no**
ry faw, and would have had it for the thing to be feen, but the Place where
Efcurial} but the Fathers excus’d them- it flood, on a Mountain, the Walls be-
felves, alledging the Difficulty o f car- ing ruin'd, but within them is a Mona-
rying fuch a brittle Thing fo far. T he fiery o f S. Francis.
Monaflery is la rg e } and the Church, Sunday 13th , having taken leave ofFkftDays
> tho’ fmall, has feven Altars well adorn’d, all Friends, I fet out for M adrid, in a t0
Two Ho- Returning to the C ity we pafs'd by the Coach hir’d for 54 Pieces o f Eight, with Leases.1
fpitals. Monaflery of S. Lazarus, and that call’d D . Andrew Herrera, Vicar General o f 53
De la fangue, or o f the Blood } the Firfl Quito in Peru } F. Mailer Emanuel M of-
for Curing o f Lazjtrs, the Second for quera, a Mercenarian o f Papagan, and
other Diftempers. T his is a large D . Paul de OJfacrta o f Lim a. Going out
Vol. IV. D d d d a of

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! ego A Voyage round the WORLD. BookIV.

^ Z ^ T s M Tear Son-fettling, » . came to " o f Nans. T h e common walking Place

?« ” 'f h f t a f S T e i t t M L ° a g u « 'M > a n '» E “ f et out late and r e f t - £ M a „

wercuneafy* enough, bccatife o f a Hcl- further on a Plata Country, .we came to

lif t 6Landlady, u ho would not find us M edellin, and two Leagues thence to
sBeds utwn any Account, becaufewehad M tajadas, both Places bclong.ng to the
fent the Coach Mules to another Place. Earl o? Medelhn. All the Inns were
id , day ? Monday 1 4 th, we travell’d over a fteep taken tip for the Ambafiador, fo that we
Leagues. craggy Mountain. About Noon we reft- far d ill.
cd on the Bank of a Rivulet, and mov- Sunday 20th, W e went after Dinner ?th Day
jru1 thence came two Hours after Night- three Leagues to S. Cruz., were we lay 3Leagues.
fall to Santa Okdia, the days Journy be- till Midnight.
ing 7 Leagues. Before we got in, the Monday 21 ft, proceeded to Tordefilla.s, 8thDay6
Coach overturn’d, and had like to have leaving Tmxdlo afide. W e ftt out a- Leagues,
k ill’d fome o f us. Our Supper was in- gain alter Dinner with violent hot VV ea-
difFercnt, but the Bed very bad. ther, and going up and down high crag-
‘ Tucfddi r c, we ftay’din the fame Place gy Mountains, the Harbour ol .1 hum s,
to icft the Mules, and walk’d to divert the Coach broke, and we were left in
us in the lhade o f a Poplar G rove, where the open A ir. As we were afterward,
were W alks for that purpofe. T he palling by Cafes de Mrtabete in the Dark,
Holt made us Pay dear for ill Accommo- I broke my Gun, and had iome other
dation, taking nine pieces o f Eight, for lofs. Three Leagues further we cros d
entertaining four o f us. the River dagm over a great. StoueBt idge,
Wedncfd'ty 1 6th, we fet cut betimes, and went to lye at Jim a ra z.
and had two Leagues o f good Road to Tuefday 22d, the Coach being mended 9th Days
Leagues. T his js the firft Place o f we fet out in the Evening, and having Leagues.
Eftreni tdura, and belongs to D. Domi- travell’d two Leagues over a Plain well
nick Centorian. After Dinner, we went cultivated, in which there was a very
three Leagues down Hill, to Fuentc dc good Village, went to take up our Quar-
Cantos, a good Village, where there ters at Calcada de
are two Monaftcries o f Nuns, and one Here we continu d all Wcdnefday 23d toth Day
o f Frvars in the Morning, and then let out along a - 10
2th dav 6 Thurfday 1 7th, we travell’d 4 Leagues, good Country full o f V illages, and at the Leagues.
Leagues, all upon a Plain to Santas, a T ow n o f the end o f two Leagues pafs d through Oro-
K in e’s, well Inhabited, where refting all fefa, belonging to the Earl o f that Name,
the reft o f the Day,we fetout late to go 2 It is feated on a Hill, the W alls about it
I ensues further to TUlaframa. In thcle are mean, but there are good Buildings
Inns when Travellers have Paid for in the Suburbs about it. Riding four
their Meat and Beds, they make them Leagues further through a W ood, we
pay for theN oife, tho’ they were never came to Peter Vcncdo's Inn, where we
p0 found neither Beds nor Meat, that Place
,0 , Friday 18th, we did not fet out till being always in danger o f Highway-
ie a g u l after Noon for Merida, fix Leagues di- Men. In M the Year before, n.ne o f
ftant whither we came about one in the thofe Stroulers had Rob d and Bound a- '
Mornins. W e had a Scurvy Inn, be- bout 40 Travellers. Having refted a
caufe all the good ones were taken up, little we went four Leagues further to
for the Ambalfador that was returning Talavera, a T ow n well known tor the ttUvere.
from Lisbon. M erida is a Royal City excellent Earthen W are made there, and
9btUu Inhabited by about800 fam ilies, among containing about 8000 Families. T he
..-7 which there arc many of noted Nobi- belt S t r u c t u r e s are 14 Mouaftenes o f Re-
litv, by the Spaniards call’d SolarUgas. ligious Men and W om en; fortheHoufes
T h e moft notable thing here is a are Diforderly and not Uniform. There
Noble Scone Bridge, half an Italian Mile is a good walkingPlace with long Rows
in length, and broad enough for two o f Trees, call’d Nueftra Stnora del Prado.
Coaches to go abreaft •, over the River ThurJday 24th, we fet out late, and nth Day
GuaMana. There is an Antient Caftle, having rode hx Leagues over good Plains, 6Leagues.
which did belong to the Conventual Pri- lay at Santa (Holla, a Village belonging
ors of Lem , who on their Habit wear to the Count dc Orgas. .
the Croi's of St. James. T here are alfo Friday 25th, continuing our Journey m h
four Moaafteries o f F ry ars, and four through Olive Gardens and good Villa- 6Leagucs' _
ges
 C i^ IL Of N E W ~S F A I N . ^ST
Z j Z ^ ge~fc efpecially that call’d N o va , for fix 2 7 t h , ^ v e i l ’d three Leagues H & W
Gemelli. Leagues we, came to Cafa Rubia. and arriv d at M adrid, over the Bridge
1699. Saturday 26th, went four Leagues fur- of Segovia. I took into an Ina in the
ther and lay at Moftobts. Street call d Calk de S ilva, but then re-
13th Day mov’d to that of Olivo alto.
4Leagues.

chap . n.
The D efection of the Royal Town of Madrid, and what is w jt Remarkable
in it.
M d ril n p H E R oyal T ow n o f M adrid is are built after the fame Model 5 Stories
deferib’d. I feated in a Champain, water’d by high, with as many vowi of Iron Balco-
theiRiver Mancanares. T he Country a- nies, allcurioufiy made and uniform. In
bout is uneven, fome plain, fome high the Shops below under the Porticos, arc
and fome low ; but the A ir is very good all forts of rich Commodities j and in the
and wholfom, and tho’ it be not in a- middle o f the Square all that can be de-
bove 40 deg. and 40 min. Latitude, yet fir’d for eaung- Bu[ IC IS th^n
the Cold in W inter and the Heat in beautiful to behold, when they have the
Summer are intolerable. T h e fhape o f Sport of Riding at Bulls, call d by them
it is almolt Oval, little above a Mile in Juego dcToros, or Ftefia de Taros •, became
Length, and near five inCompafs. It is then it is all richly hung, and there are
grown up to this greatnefs from a little to be feen the King, the Minifters of
Tow n fince the Kings o f Spain chofe State, Magiftrates, Nobility, and choice
it for the Place o f their Refidence. How- Ladies richly Clad. .
ever the W alls about it are low, and o f Provifions are fo dear, that a piece of
Mud, with fourteen or fifteen Gates. Eight a day, will fcarcc ferve a Man.
T he Streets are always very dirty, by T h e W ine is bad, becaufe they put
reafon o f the cuftom o f throwing all Lime and other ill I hings into it j but
Filth out at the Windows. It is worfe the Bread is excellent, and fo is the
in W inter, becaufe they carry many Flelh of gelt Goats. Without the 1 own
Hogfheads o f W ater in Carts which they there is good W ine and cheap, becaufe
let out about the Streets to carry o ff the there it pays not the Excife, which a-
Filth, and lometimes it runs in Streams mounts to more than the Price of the
that Hop the way, and poilon with the W ine.
Stink P y 1 I found two Falhions newly brought
The Houfes for the molt part cannot up, this laft time 1 was at M adrid. 1 he
compare with thofe o f Italy, being ge- one is the keeping a great number of
nerallv ill Built with Tim ber Ribs. But Footmen to run before the Coach j the
as to Particulars, T h e King’s Palaces other the wearing o f Periwigs, by all
are molt magnificent, as well from the forts o f People, fo full o f Powder, that
greatnefs o f the Strudure, as for the rich it is no wonder Bread is dear.
Furniture, curious Pidures, abundance Having vif.ted D. John Francis Pacbe-
o f Fountains, Fifhponds and Parks. Be- « , Duke o f V ted a , and Ihow d him all
fides that where his Majefty generally my Curiofities gather d m my travels,
Rcfides, there are thofe o f Buen Retiro, upon IVedncfday 30th, he to requite me,
the Efcnrid Pardo, Aranjucz. and others, fhow’d me his Library, w h ich fo rarg e-
whereof having faid enough in my firft nefs, choice of Books curioully Bound,
T ravels in Europe, I omit to repeat the and for the rare^Workmanfhip in Ebony
fame in this Place. Among the chief o f the Cafes, all Ihut up with C iyftal
Palaces o f the Nobility that of the Duke GlafTes, is inferiour to none in Spain.
o f VsLtda is none o f the worft, as well In his Clofet, belides choice Medals, he
for Strudure, as for the Embellifhments had abundance of Iid u ie s or K i n g ,
of M arble; for which reafon the late and Princes, fome of them fcarce known
) Queens Mother had pitch’d upon it for in Europe, and all adorn d with Silver,
her P^efidence. All the Churches are Gold and Jewels. He told me the King
well Serv’d and Adorn’d. had enquir’d after me, and would be
Among the publick Buildings the Pla- glad to fee my Curiohtics. liav ng
Phc'My-. c a M or grcat Square is very grace- fpent many Days in waiting upon l er-
ful It is a perfed Square and has fe- fons o f Quality, who defir d to hear
vcral Avenues. All the Houfes about it fome Account o f my Travels, ^ Ijv e n t

SI

I -V 0
A # t f& S '
|B . <SL
58a A Voyage romd the W O R L D .
....... ...............— — ----------------------- ------—
fV /\rfO Thurfday the 14th o f Augufi, to fee
Gemelli* the Monaftery o f the Mercenarians,
1699. which is very Stately, and has three
Dormitories one above another, for 15 0
iMcrcen<t* g eiigious Men, and the Church is well'
rtMH adorn’d. Friday [5th, in the Afternoon
there was a great refbrt to our Lady o f
Atocha, which Image is cover’d with
Jewels, the Altar with Silver, and the
Chappel painted fby our famous Lucas
Giordano. Saturday 1 6th, I heard Mafs
in the Parilh o f St. M artin o f the Be-
nedittine Fathers o f Monte Cajfino. T h e
Church is not ..extraordinary ; but the
Monaftery is large, and Magnificently
built. Sunday 17th , I law the profefs’d
Houfe o f the Fathers o f the Society,
The Church was not yet finilh’d ; but
there were excellent Pi&ures in the
Chappels chat were corapleat. Monday
1 8th, hear’d Mafs at St. Phelipc el Real,
T he Monaftery is o f Augu(limans, were
fmall *, but the Church is well fet o ff
Tuefday 19th, 1 law the Church of St.
Andrew, which has a moft beautiful Cu-
s pula, and Chappels and Altars well a-
dom’d ; efpecially that where the Body
o f St. Ifidorus lyes. Thurfday 2 1ft, I heard
Mafs in the Parilh Church o f St. Gines,
which is very large, has good A ltars,
and is ferv’d by many Pricfts. Monday
4.5th, I faw the King and Queen go out
totake the A ir by the River. T h e La-
dies were clad alinoft after the German
Fafhion, and their Heads drefs’d much
after that manner. T h at day abundance
o f rich Houfehold-ftuff, was carry’d out
o f the King’s W ardrobe, to furnilh a
Houle at Leganitos, where the French
Ambaflador was to be receiv’d, and en-
tertain’d nine Days at the King’s Coft.
The Workmanlhip o f the Plate was cu-
rious, but Old Fafhion’d, and the Stones
1 that adorn’d it all falfe, except lome
Turkcy Stones. Thefe things are always
keptin the King’s Wardrobe, and ne-
ver made ufe of, but upon fuch occa-
fions.
Hofpital. Tuefday 26th, I went to fee the Hof-
pital, where there arc generally about
a thoufand Sick, attended very charita-
bly. T h e Stru&ure Ihows it is a R o y-
al W ork. Friday 29th, I went to St.
M ary de Almudena, where is an Image
o f our Lady, all cover’d with rich D ia-
monds , Emrauds, and other, precious
Stones.
Wednesday the third o f September, I
Elcurial. went w ich D. Peter Chaves, who was
to go with me into Italy, to fee the E f-
curial, and din’d at Roxas, three Leagues
from M adrid, whence w<? travell’d the
Book IV.
—— — ............................ . — ................... .— ■ ..r-.-..l.. . _____ ....... ....................
other four Leagues, puffing through Col-
menarejo, and lay that Night at the up-
per Efcurial. On Thurfday the 4th, in
the Morning the Father Reftor appoint-
ed another Father to Ihow us the Rari-
ties o f that Monaftery. W e came into
the great Court through a noble Front o f
MalTy Stone, over which is the Statue o f
St. Laurence ; and proceeding thence in-
to the 2d , found there beautiful Apart-
ments about it, and a moll curious Fron-
tifpiece over the Church-door, with fix
Statues o f Prophets. T h e Church has
three Ifles, fupported as is the Cupula The
by large Pillars o f hard Stone. The Church,
high A ltar is exceeding Majeftick, and
adorn’d with double rows o f Pillars, o f
choice Marble, being 18 in number,
which ferve alfo to fet off’ the curious
Pi&ures. Going up 17 Steps o f the
fame Stone, there appears a Taberna-
cle all garnifh’d with G old, and preci-
ous Pillars o f Jafper, and within it atio-
ther lefs Tabernacle adorn’d with pre-
cious Stories o f ineftimable value. On
the lide Walls are the Statues o f Gharles
the 5 th, and Philip the 2ds in fine Mar-
ble. On the left is the Oratory, where
the K in g and Queen ufe to withdraw. All
the Arches o f the Church are painted by
Giordano. T h e Father then fhow’d us
a great filver Statue reprefenting St. Lau-
rente, kept in a Cupboard, with many
Relicks o f the moft Glorious Saints of
the Church.
Hence we went down to the place j, h
where are the Tom bs o f the Kings, and
Queens that are Fruitful, apart from
that o f the Barren ones, and Kings Chil-
dren, and found it all cover’d with cu-
rious black Marble, like the Tombs o f
the Kings o f Spain, here bury’d till this
day. Then we went to fee the Sacrifty,
and here were Ihow’d Church-ituf, a-
dom’d with precious Stones, Gold Frin-
ges, and Rich Embroidery. T here is
alfo a great Silver Tabernacle o f extra-
ordinary Workmanlhip, lent as a Pre-
fent by the Emperor to the King o f
Spain. W e faw an Autependium o fSil-
vercurioufly wrought; a Mineral Stone
with feveral large Emrauds in it, which
ferves as a Pax ; and a Crofs o f Dia-
monds, Rubies, Emrauds, and other
Stones o f great value,
Then we were carry’d into a little
Room, where there were many Relicks, *
fome Manufcripts o f St. Tercfa and o-
ther Saints, and a Pitcher or Stone Vef-
fel, that will hold 20 Caraffas o f Naples,
in which they fay our Saviour convert- V
ed W ater into W ine, at the Wedding o f
Cana
 ' e°^X
IP
*
~Ch^ 7 III. ~ o fN E W
Cana in Galilee. T h e Chapter whether
Gemelli. we went next is all fee out with antient
1699 and choice Pidlures.The Choir was o f e x-
celient Workmanlhip, and the Books o f
plain fong belonging to it, the Fathers
faid coft 30000 pieces o f Eight. T here
are alfo two great Organs, befides the
s a i l ones distributed about the Ifles.
N ear the great Stairs we faw Giordano's
belt Pifture, which is the Battle o f St.
Quentin. „ A
A fter Dinner, we went to fee the reft,
and a Religious Man led us about the
Church within the W all left open on
p0rpofe’. All the Arches o f it made
large Chappels, like thofe o f St. Sophia
at Conftanti'nople, and all o f Carv’d Stone,
as is the reft o f the Church. Then we
went into the Library, and faw a great
number o f Books o f feveral Sciences in
excellent Order ; but they told me that
feveral Arabick Manufcripts were gone,
they knew not which way.
ThePi&ures in this Place are wonder-
* ful being Painted by great Mailers, but
the'moll Stupendious thing is a Load-
Hone that bears 2+ Pounds o f Iron,
" anj jj f0 adtive, that it Operates tho’ a
folid Body interpofe. Y et what moll
a n c e s is that it does not draw the I-
ron unlefs’it be fet length-ways with the
North Point to it. W e went up one o f
the Corner T ow ers to fee the Chimes
fent out o f Flanders by the Count de
Monterey, but they do not play exadtly
true T he King’s Apartment is adorn’d
with the bell Piaures o f the lall A g e,
and from his Bedchamber, he can fee
the Tabernacle o f the High A ltar,
T h ere is a W ay out o f the fame A part-
ment into the Oratory before men-
tjon^
C H A P .
The Author's J’ ourny from Madrid, to Toulouze.
1ft, days TV ZtOnday tile 8th o f September, ha-
Journy 3 I vina perform’d my Devotions
Leagues. ^ Church of our Lady o f Bethlem,
1 took Coach after Dinner, and went
three Leagues to lye at Rojas, where the
Foftefs made me pay dear for a poor
Supper and worfe Bed. Setting out
rmain at break o f D ay, I crofs’d the R i-
ver Guadarrama upon a good Stone
2d, day 9 Bridge, then pafs’d through the Village
Leagues. 0f Torreion, and came at the end o f three
I easues to the City o f Alcala, by the
r Launes call’d CompUtum, in the Diocefs
o f the Archbilhop of Toledo, and a fa-
• ‘
* '
§L
S P a T n. y ■
In the Monaftery are 14 C loifters,
with five rows o f D orm itories one above
another ; but it is to be ob ferv’d that in
this Place there live three feveral Fa-
milies o f Religious Men, with their fe*
veral Superiors, all Independent o f one
another. T hey are in all 200, main­
tam’d by the King, and well ferv’d, for
all the Inhabitants o f the next Village
are at their Service, being maintain’d by
£jie Monaltery. T h e re w e feveral O r-
chards or Fruit, and Flower Gardens,
with Mirtles curioufly cut, reprefenting
the K in g’s Arms and other Figures; nor
are the CriltallineFountai/lslefs delight-
ful. Befides the fine Mirtles in the great
Cloifter, th e re 'is a ftately Cupula o f
choice Marble in the m iddle; and Fifh*-
ponds full o f feveral forts o f Filh. T here
are alfo many Artificers adjoyning to
the Monaftery, for its Service, and A -
partments clofe by for the Courtiers,
when the King is there. This was built
by King Philip the 2d, in purfuanceof
a Vow made on the 10th o f Auguft, at
the Battle o f St. Qulntin, where for
the conveniency o f his A rm y, he was
forced to deltroy a Church dedicated
to the lame Saint. T h e W o rk was fi­
nilh’d in 32 Years, a Ihort time for fo
great a Strufture, that K in g laying out
twenty Millions and half upon i t ; be-
fides the yearly Revenue o f 46000 pie-
ces o f Eight a Year, for maintenance o f
the Monaftery.
Friday 5th, we return’d by the w ay o f
Roxas to M adrid, where being difap-
pointed o f going by the way o f Alicant,
as I had intended, I took two Places for
24 pieces o f Eight, in the Coach for
Pamplona, and having taken leave o f my
Friends, prepar’d for my Journy.
III.
mous Univerfity. It is feated on aPlain
near the R iver H cmycs^ enclos d by a
low W all, and has noble Streets, and
good Houfes and Shops. I went three
Leagues further to dine at the little V il-
lage o f Alcobera, and then three Leagues
more to lye at Junquera, leaving behind
Marciamalo in fight o f Guadalajara. Ju n -
yuera, belongs to the Duke o f Pffiram a,
and the Country about it is fo full o f
R abbets, that they would fcarce get
out o f the Road, as we pafsd by. On
Wed*efday 10th, when, having tra-
veil’d fix Leagues, we din’d a t Xadra^ 1
e t in
111
) :j & | ^
l1w_ , ___ _________
584 A Voyage round the W O R L D.
and went three Leagues further to lye
Gemelli. at the Village of Regulara, being tir’d
1 6 99 - with the ill W ay, and Rain, which con-
L 'P 'p O tinning we fet out late, on,
Tkurfday 1 1 tli, and therefore were for-
- t>*°* cecj £Q p ay aflCj ^ j uc at j fln 0 f Rio
Frio, but two Leagues from where we
lay, and then proceeded three Leagues
R ill with Rain, to lodge at Barahona,
but had ill accommodation, this being a
Sth, day s wretched Village, reported to be Inha-
Leagues, bited by Witches.
Having tfavell’d two Leagues on Erl-
day 12th , and pafs’d through two Villa-
ges, we bated at Almafan, a T o w n be-
longing to the Earl o f Altam ira, en-
d o s’d with a W all, Handing on a Hill,
and W ater’d on one tide by the River
6th, day 7 Duero, whence going three Leagues fur-
Leagues, ther we lay at Alm aril.
Saturday 13th , after 5 Leagues rid-
ing, we din’d at Hinojofa and then
palling over high Mountains came to A -
greda, the lalfc C ity of Ca/lile, feated
not far from the Mountain Moncayo,
which is ever cover’d with Snow, where
7th,day 6 we had a good Supper and Bed. Here
Leagues, we H ay’d on
Sunday 14th, till Noon, tofhow w hat
Gold and Silver we carry’d for our ex-
pences, becaule it is not allow’d to ex-
port above a piece o f 8 and half.I ihow’d
what Gold I bad, and Paid one in the
hundred for it. Before we fet out, I
faw in a Monaftery o f Nuns, the Body
o f the B. M ary o f Agreda held there in
great Veneration. As foon as out o f
the City Gates, the Officers came upon
us again, and I was forced to give them
lbmeching, to avoid being Hopp’d, but
I would not give any thing to others,
w e met four Leagues further on the
Frontiers. In this Place the three King-
dorm o f Caftle, Aragon, and Navaree
meet, fo that three Kings might here
dine at one T able, and every one lit
in his own Kingdom. When pafs’d the
Viilage o f Centronix, we came into a
warmer Country,and an hour after Night
came to Curella, a Place o f great Trade,
Rich, and inhabited by a thoufand Fa-
m iliesj for tho’ feated on a Mountain,
St has good Vineyards and Gardens, and
excellent Fruit.
8th,day 6 Monday 15th, we lay in the fame
Leagues, place.
Tuefday irtth, after two Leagues tra-
velling, we crofs’d the R iver Ebro in a
Boat, and a League farther came to Flu/-
. tierra. T h d e Leagues beyond that, we
ferry’d over the River Aragon, which
falls into the Ebro, and lay at M arfella
a City near to it.
<SL
? * ■
_ _______ •
Book 1V.
Wednefday 17th , we fet out 2 Hours 9th,day 8
before day, and din’d at Tafalla four Leagues-
Leagues diftant, a large C ity, enclos’d
with a W all and belonging to the King.
Then we pafs’d through Barafein and o-
ther Places, in th efp a ceo f two Leagues,
and went two Leagues further o f very
bad W ay, to lye at the Inn, call’d de
las Campanas, o ro fth eB eH s, in the V il-
lage of Tieves.
Thurfday 18th, having traveled tw o tot)l da»
Leagues, we came before Noon to Pam- aLeagues,
plona, and I lodg’d at a good Inn, in St.
Nicholas's Street.
T his City feated in the latitude o f 4 3 Pamplona,
degrees, is the Metropolis o f the King- deferib’d.
dom of N avarre, and therefore the u-
fual reiidence o f the Viceroy, and o f all
the Courts. For Spiritual Affairs it has a
Biffiop, who at this time adted as Vice- j
roy,till another were Lent. T his Bilhop’s
Revenue is 22000 pieces o f Eight, and
he has a Palace better than the Viceroy’s.
T h e City Hands uponan uneven Ground,
at the Foot o f the Pyrenean Mountains,
and has fome infenlible riling Ground,
and Plain. T h e compafs o f its W alls,
which are almoH an Odtogon, is about
half a League. T he Houfes are gene-
rally well built, and Provifions at a rea-
fonable Rate. T h e Monafleries and
Churches are not very Stately ■, the C a-
thedral is large, and has five Ifles, but
o f finooth Stone, and is very D a r k , the \
CloiHer joining to it, is a handiomc
Strufture. T h e Citadel is very large,
and the W alls fo thick, that two Coach-
es may goabreaffi on them. T h e Ditch
is very deep, and the Place very Hrong,
provided it be well furnilh’d, with Men,
and Cannon.
T h e Inhabitants o f Pamplona, and ge-
nerally all the Navarrais are affable, and
lovers o f Strangers, Ihowing them much
R efped as they pafs through their Coun­
try , and preferring them before their
own People, either in fcHing, or any 0-
ther th in g; and therefore any Man may
T ra vel through the Kingdom, without
apprehending to be affronted,or wrong’d.
I found not fo much difficulty in get-
ting a P afso f the Biffiop, adting as Vice-
ro y, as in finding H o rfes, becaufe it
was HarvcH tiujfc, and all the Beaffs
were employ’d in the Country. D .
John Cruzjtt, Marquefs o f Gongora, and,
Governor o f the C ity, remov’d this dif-
ficulty, ordering his Lieutenant to fur-
niih me with Mules to pafs the Moun-
tains. 1 had brought this Nobleman
N ew s from his Brother, D. Faufio G o - ’V
vernor o f the Philippine-Illands, for
which
 ■ e° i x
III
Chap, i l l Iff N E W S T A I K ... “
C S j^ n which he Ihew’d me extraordinary C i-
Gemelli. vility.
1 699. Having got Mules by means of the
OOTV Lieutenant, for eight pieces of Eight
each, to carry me to St. Jeon de pied de
Port •, We fet out on Friday r^th, at
one in the Afternoon, and Rode three
Leagues over the Valley, a Country
well cultivated, and full of good Villa-'
ges, to the Bridge of Stivers, where the
Major of Pampelona, who is Governor,
has a Guard, that examines all Patten-
gers i here we took much Pains to
climb a deep Mountain, and lay at the
Village of Erro. On this Road there
arebutfew that tmderftand Spanijh, all
the Country People fpeaking the Gaf-
coigrn Language, fo that the Muletier was
our Interpreter.
Saturday 20th, we fet out two Hours
before Day, along a very bad and Moun-
tainous Road, and” leaving behind us at
the end of a League, the Village of Bf-
final, and a League further Burgheto,
where a Governor with a Guard keeps
the Pafs; about an hundred Paces be-
* yond it,we came to the Village of Roncef-
voiles, an excelfive cold Place, and there-
fore the Houfes there are covered with
Planks that cannot be broke by the Froft.
The Church belongs to the King, and
there belong to it 12 Canons, who have
each 300 Ducats a Year,beild<? the Demi-
canons. The Canons themfelves fill up
the vacancies among them, but the King
has the nomination of the Prior. In
this Church they Ihew two Clubs co-
ver’d with Iron, us’d formerly in War,
and one of the Scirrupsof Orlando, the
great Champion of France ■, the Slip-
pers Turpin the Hiftorian, and Bifhop of
Paris, who came into Spain with Char-
lemagne, wore when he faid Mafs ■, the
fame Turpin's Tomb, in a place apart
* from the Church , where the famous
Battle is painted, in which feveral of
the braveft Men of France dy’d, as they
were returning home with Clwlcmaign •,
and laftfy their Tombs. Riding hence
along a craggy dangerous Path, on the
Mountain, and going down on the o-
ther fide, fuch another way cover’d
with Trees, in all two Leagues and a
half, wc crofs’d a fmall River, which
divides the two Powerful Kingdoms of
Sufeanie France and Spain. A League from thence
Tkd de we came to St. Jean de Pied de Port, the
tru Metropolis of the lower Navarre. It
* is well Wall’d, and has a fmall Suburb,
Thro’ the midft of it runs a Rapid Ri-
ver, which afforded us good Trouts for
Supper. On the Hill that Commands
Vol. IV.
*
• '| ; . ' ,v
^ -J
' •
§L
fg
the Cicy, is a Caftle regularly Ford-
fy’d without, and good Houles within
for the Garrilbn. We lay hi a good
Ian.
Sunday 21ft, we bear’d Mali there,
and faw the Women by reafon of the
Cold cover their Heads with Mantles,
like thofe the Moors wear, and the Men
with a fort of black Caps. I hir’d three
Horfes to go as far as Pax, for nine
French Crowns. •
Monday 22d, we fet out and traveU’cf
through a Country well cultivated, and
Green, with Country Houfes at conve-
nient diftances. We crcffs’d feveral Ri-
vers onBridges,and among the reft a greae
one, a League ihortof Navarrem, where
the Bridge is Ihut up with G ites to make
People pay for patting. Having rode NSiurntH
feven Leagues, wc took up in the For-
trefs of N avorrens, at the Cuftomers
Houfe (as we had done at Pied de Port)
who did not practife that ftriftnefs us’d,
in other Parts of France, but pals’d my
Trunks without opening them, taking
my Word for what was in them. This
Fort feated in the Province of B eam ,
is Garrifon’d by a Battalion of Foot, and
by it runs a good River that abounds in
Trouts. The King of France has not
only made the way fafe, but for the
Travellers greater conveniency, has at
certain diftances, caus’d Poles, and Stones
to be fet up to fhew the way, and the
diftance of Leagues j an Aftioir worthy
fo great a Monarch,
Having paid the Duties of the C11-
ftom-Houfe, I fet out betimes on W cd-
nefday 23d, and having pafs’d over the
River on a Stone Bridge to the Place of
Arms, the Guard carry’d me before
their Officer, who enquiring very Civi-
ly, whence I came, difmifs’d me. The
Road I travelfd, though Mountainous
look’d like one continu’d Garden. Af-
ter riding two Leagues and a half, 1
bated at M oneim , where an old Hoftefs
made me pay dear for a bad Dinner. A
League from thence we ferry’d over the
River Cave, which falls into the Adoitr,
and went to the Town of Lafcar, where
the States of the Province meet, to a*
void conteft about Precedence, in the
Parliament of Pan. Bcfides the City in
the Plain, which is open, there is ano-
ther among the Mountains, but fmall
and enclos’d with low Walls. Depart-
ing thence, wc rode fix Leagues further,
and lay at
Pau, the Metropolis of the Province Fm
of Beam, it is divided into the lower,
which is Water’d by the River Cave,
F. e e e over
\
$ 0 0
A A --- n\ \
KD!
58 6 Voyage round E W O R L D .
cvA ^ over which there is a Scone Bridge o f a
GemelU. valb length ; and the upper, where the
1699- Parliament refides,where there is a good
O ^V>J Cattle. Neither City is W all’d ; but the
upper, has very good Houfes and rich
Shops. Its fhape is long, and it may
be Paid to have but one Street upon the
level, for there is a defcent to thofe on
the fides. T h eC aftle is well Built after
the Antient manner, without any Mo-
dern Fortification. In the Court o f it,
there is noble Carving, and half Sta-
tues o f exquifite W orkm anlhip; efpe-
dally a Shepherd, and Shepherdefs fet
in a W all. T h ey Ihew’d me Henry the
IVths Royal Chappel, and the Room
where he was Born, being on the Weft:
fide over the Garden. T h e Allyes in
• this Garden are all Arch’d over by the
T rees, and thick Plants running up in-
terwoven, and knotted together like
Arbours. Thence I went into the 2d
Garden adorn’ d with M irtle, curioufly
c u t; thence into a W ood enclos’d with
high W alls, in which there are two llrait
W alks o f a vaft length, lhaded by tall
O a k s; and thence to a Hill, to fee ano-
ther G ard en , which was that great
King's d e lig h t; but at prefent they are
all ill look’d after.
Returning home, I law the Palace,
where the Parliament meets, near the
Caftle. Here 52 Councilors meet in
four Courts, which are, one for Crim i-
m l Caufes ; one for the Revenue, or
Exchcquer ; and the other two for ci-
v il Caufes. E very Counfellor is al-
lo w ’d by the K in g 100 Piftoles a Y ear,
befidcs their Profits, but the Prefidents
have more. All thefe Places are
bought for ever, and may be fold again
with the King’s leave.
A League from Pan is the City M or-
Ians, the Antienteft in the Province, and
five Leagues from it the w holefom eW a-
ters o f Bagncres; and at four Leagues
diftance, the miraculous Image o f our
Lady o f Peteran. ''There ate in Pau
four Monafteries o f Men, and two o f
Nuns.
Wcdnefday 24th, the W eather being
bad, I did not T ra vel, but hir’d three
Horfes to Tonlouz.e, for 15 French Crowns,
and fet out on
Thurfday 25th, Rode tw o l.eagues
through a Plain well cultivated Country,
water’d by fmall Rivulets, to bate at
jirbe. the Inn o f Bordes point, and thence three
Leagues to lye at Tarbe, by reafon o f
the bad way. T arbe is a City feated in
a Plain, and compos’d o f fevcral Parts,
lor there is a good Suburb at firft coming
0
. §l
Book IV .
in ; then a W all’d C ity ;then another big-
ger than that, and W all’d to o ; and laft-
ly other Houfes, continu’d for an Italian
Mile in length. It is the Head o f the
Province o f Bigorre, but Subjed to the
Parliam entof Toulouse.
Friday 26th, I travel’d four Leagues
through a well cultivated Country, al-
ways in fight o f the high, and hoary Py-
renean Mountains , which divide the
two greateft Monarchies in Europe, and
din’d at Puidarias, thence four more to
the Village o f Lamette, and one more to
lye at Battaille.
W e mounted at break o f day on S*-.
turday 27th, and Riding 3 Leagues, bat-
ed at Lombez, a wall’d Place, but fm a ll;
and thence continu’d our Journy five
Leagues further to Plaifance, where we
took up that N ight. There came with
me from M adrid, a half M ilanefe o f
Spanijh extra&ion, who lov’d W ater as
a Dog loves a Cudgel, fo that he would
be continually D ru n k , and therefore
could not lit his Horfe going down H ill,
nor Ride in the N igh t, fo that he was
often loft, yet I always found him in
fome T avern , with a Pot in his H and;
fo that I had excellent Company o f
him. *,
Sunday 28th, w e fet out by break o f
D ay, and travell’d two Leagues along
a plain cultivated Country, and fo ar-
riv'd at the Suburb o f Toulonze, which is
w all’d in. Here the Officers were fatis-
fy’d with a Piece o f Mony, and forbore
opening my Trunks, and therefore
without making any ftay, having crofs’d
the Suburb, we went afoot from the
Bridge, to the Cuckolds Inn.
Toulowz.c a C ity, Famous for its Par- Toulouse*
liament, and lln iverfity, is feated in the
lat. o f 43 degrees, and 20 minutes, in
an excellent A ir, and may be call’d the
greateft C ity in France, next to Paris,
being half a League long, from Eaft to
W eft, and the third part o f a League
in breadth. In the Y ear 638, after the
Building o f Rome, (X Cepio deftroy’d it,
and carryed thence a vaft quantity o f
Gold and Silver. T h e W alls at pre­
fent are o f Brick, with T ow ers after the
adtient m anner, at proper diftances,
with a narrow, but deep Ditch about
them. T h e Houfes are indifferently
Built o f Brick, and the Streets well
Pav’d. In Ihort, to me it look’d like an- .
other Tauris in Perfia.
Abundance o f G en try live in it, and
generally the Inhabitants are well affefted
to Strangers, behaving themfelves Ho-
neftly, C iv illy , and Refpe&fully to­
wards

• v
cTa/TlIl
r \ A / i Wards them,as is ufual throughout France.
Gemelli. Provisions are cheap. The Bridge o f
1699. Toulouze over the Garonne> is not infe-
rior to any in Paris. It is two Musket
fhotin length, and broad enough for fix
Couches to go abreaft, all o f good fquare
Stone. There was another antieuter
Brick Bridge, which is gone to Rum.
T he Garonne Springs in the Pyrenean
Mountains, and is Navigable down to
Sourdeaux, where it falls into the Sea.
A Mile from Toulonz.r, it meets with the
Canal cut by the prefent King Luis the
1 4th. I could not well read the lnfcrip-
tion on the Gate upon the Bridge, be-
caufe a Shrub was grown out from a
Cleft, between the Marble Stones, which
hindred my feeing the Letters; but what
I could difeern, was to this EiTeft.
Anno Reftaur. Sal. 166%.
Qut dedit Oceano, docuit te dulce Ga-
'"rumna
Ferre Jugnm, primus ejui tuas compejcuit
undas,
H dlenus invifo jungens tualittora ponte.
Hoc opus imeptum, defperatumej; pe-
pendit,
Doncc Lssdovicum faelicia Jecla tulerunt,
Qui to t------- pojfet mirantt Tholofa,
Tantampotenti cervici imponert molcm.
, , , tain diftances, where the Ground is low 5
T h e Senfe in Ihort is thus. Anno
15 58 . He that fubdu’dthc Ocean, firft
made the Garonne bear a Yoke •, curbing
thy W aves, and joyning thy Shores with
fuch a Bridge as has not before been feen.
This W ork was begun, and given over
in defpair till happy times brought Luis.
W ho [here is a Cafma] to the admira-
tion o f Toulon™, might lay fo great a
# W eight on the Powerful Stream.
I went to hear Mafs at the Dominicans,
whofe Church is Arch’d, and fupported
by Eight Pillars, which divide it into
three files. In the middle o f it is acu-
rions high Alcar and Choir. In the
Sacrifty they fhow’d me the Head o f St.
Thomas of A fu n , upon a half Body o f
Silter. The Skull is feen by opening a
Plate on the top o f the Statue.
Thence I went to fee the fo Renown-
ed Parliament, inftituted by Philip the
Fair, but found it ihut up, that being
Vacation time. A fter Dinner I went
to the Town-Houfe, where there are
eight Magiftrates who Govern the City,
. and wear a long Crimfon Garment with
wide Sleeves laced with Gold. The
Houfe is ftately enough, the W alls all
adorn’d with half Statues o f Marble,
Vol. IV .
♦ \
• •
■ * •
iK ?*.<✓ ,i i ' .... tacsst . . .. . . ' . ’ . .
<5L
■/ ,■ , -t
~0f N E W s T a T n.
and the Rooms with rich Pidures of for-
mer Magilfratcs. In the fu ll Room they
ihow’d me Seats and Benches bn which
they fit when they admiuifter Ju ftk e
Here was the Picture o f Luts the i 4 th *
k in g o f France, fwearing to the Parlia-
ment on his Knees, to keep their Pri-
vileges before he came into the City
in the next Room there were fuch Ben-
ches cover'd for chem»to meet in pi i-
vate, and good Pictures about the Wails.
Going up to the Rooms above, I found
*0 the firft Room the Pi&ures o f all the
Famous Men that have been o f Toulouse.
In the next Antichamber, where the
Aflembly o f the Deputies o f the Pro-
vince is held, there were Chairs and
Benches orderly placed, for every one
to take the Place that was due to him
Here is the Picture o f Luis the 14th
very Young, when be went to meet the
Infanta of Spain his Queen,
Then I went to fee the great Canal,
made by as great a King,to open a Com-
munication between the Mediterranean
and the Ocean, cutting a W ay through
Mountains, levelling the Valleys, and
forcing Nature to fubmit to A r t / Se-
veral gatherings o f W ater, made on the
Plain and Hills,fupply the Canal. Banks
thrown up, keep in the W ater at cer-
and thus the Boats go cafily to Toulouse
and they go down to the Port o f Set
four Leagues from Montpelier where*
the W ater o f the Canal, falls into the
Mediterranean •, as the Garonne falls in-
to the Ocean, after palling by Bourdc*
aux. This River and Canal as has been
faid, make the Communication between
the Mediterranean and the Ocean, to
fave Sailing quite round Spain, and part
o f France. Its depth is ten or twelve
Spans, and the breadth about thelength
o f two Pikes, fo that it w ill not car-
ry verry large Boats, and it often re-
quires cleanfing. A t this time it
was dry, to be cleans’d and made deep-
er.
Monday 29th, being Michaelmas day,
I hear’d Mafs in the Church o f the Car-
' meUtes, where the Feaft was celebrated,
It has but one Ifle, but there are two
outlets near the Door. T h e Choir
and high Altar, are in the middle, well
adorn’d, as are all the Chappels. A f-
ter Dinner I went to the Cathedral,
which tho’ it has three Ifles, is nor.
very good, both becauie it is dark, and
becaufe there are in the middle o f it
many little parting W alls, for all the
E ee e a fevc-
"'.'I
- yilj
. C ? L . ............ • ;........... . . . . .
1 1 ) 1 '
cg^ A Voyage round the W O R L D. Book IV.
<
Z
JC
^everal
f fo r a o f O ffice* and M a g i' I W s Palace is Convenient, butnotBeao-
Gemelli. ftrates upon Feftivals. T h e A rchbi- ti u .
J 699 ^ ___________________________________________________ —---------------------------------- —

C H A P . I V.
The Author's 'journey from Toulouze to Marfeilles.
a v in g hir’d a Calefh for 1 9 C row n s and wall’d (many Villages in France ha-
H to Montpellier, I fet out on Tuefday ving either W alls about them, or fome
the lalt day o f September betim es, paf- Cattle to retire to) and over the R iver
line through the very large Suburb o f S . Oodi upon a Bridge. T hen eroding ie
M ichael. A fte r eroding the Canal fe- Canal again (which a League from t ence
veral times upon Bridges for the fpace o f runs along a Cavity cut for too Paces in BeVers.
three Leagues and a half o f a good Coun- the hard R ock) came to the C ity B etters,
try , I din’d at B au ege, and then travel- feated on a H ill, and water d on one
ling through many Villages came v e ry fide by the R iv er Oodi. T h e C ity is
late to c je lh a u £ A r i , four Leagues and longer than tis Broad, Fortify d by A rt
a half from BaGege. W e Supp’d w ell and N a tu re , Populous, Plentiful and
fo r half a Crown a Head, being tw elv e R ich , by rcafon it is within three Leagues
at T able, and among them a R eligious o f the Sea. T h ere is a G anfon in it ol
Man that E at and D rank like an honeft 800 Men. Four Leagues from it to-
kreneb Man. A t this Place there is a ga- wards Perpignan, is a C ity not inferior
thering o f W ater for the ufe o f the C a- to it call’d Narbonne , through which
nal, and two L.eagues olfanother, call’d thofe that come from Catalonia generally
o f Noroufe pafs. M oving four Leagues further af-
Setting out early on Wednefday the ter D in n er, we lay at the C ity o f Pe­
tit & o f October, I came at the end o f renet, which is large, b u to f ittle T rade,
three Leagues riding through a well Peo- Saturday 4th, when we had rid halt
pled Country to the Village o f A U one, a League, we eame to a Bank o f Earth,
whence after D inner 1 went 3 Leagues tw o Italian Miles in length, raifed at a
Ctrajom , fu rt' er tQ Carcafonm, T h is Place is vaft expence, to make the w ay more
W all’d , the Houfes for the moft part commodious m W m ter. In France they
o f Stone, and handfomer than thofe o f take great care o f the H igh-W ays, and
Toulouz.e -,the C ity is large, and has a con- I obferv d them to be generally pav d,
fiderable T ra d e, by reafon there is good from the time I came into it. T hen we
Cloth made call’d by its Name. A ll the pafs’d through the T o w n o f Monfagne,
Streets arc good, but the M arket-Place a League from whence we fet out, and
beyond them all. T h e Suburbs are then travelling at a fmaU diftance from
larg e, and there is a long Bridge leads the Sea, at the end o f lour Leagues Din d
to one o f them over the R iver O o d i, at the T o w n o f Gtgian, whence advanc-
where is a fpacious Citadel on the to p ing three Leagues more we came before
o f a Hill. T h e Bilhop of this Place has N ight to Montpelier. T h is C ity is the
40000 L im es a Year. Capital o f the lower Langudoc, as Ton- im peller
Thurfday id , before I left the C ity , I t o is o f the i>pper, and being feated
went to fee the Cloth made, and found on the top o f a Hill yeilds a fine Profpeft
feven Loom s, with two Men at each o f at a diftance.
them, bccaufethe Cloth was feven Q uar- Sunday 5 th, I went to fee the T o w n -
ters wide ; in another Room they w ere Houfe, which is not fo good as that ot
Sheering o f it. T hen going into m y Toulouz.c. T h e hx Coufuls there are
Calefh, after a Leagues R iding, I again clad m Scarlet, but without G old Fring-
crofs’d the fame R iv e r, upon a Bridge es. Here was the K i n g s £ ct1^
near the Village o f Traves, and then the ona T hron e, done by a M alterly Hand^
Canal feveral times, along which I faw he is holding out an O live Branch to
manv Men and Horfes that drew along one o f the fix Confuls, who Kneels be-
the Boats. W e Din’d in the little V il- fore him, tofigm fie the Peace concluded
laae o f Pifcia, three Leagues from C ar- that Year between him and the Conte-
cafonne, and then went three Leagues derates, as appears by an Ingenious but
further along a ftony W a y , to lye at H aughtyJnfcription under Jt.
p 0Hff0i T h e Church o f our Lady d o le by it,
Friday 3d, at the end o f three Leagues, has no great matter o f Ornament, no
we pafs’d through Capejlan, a large Place more than the C athed ral, and neither
ll)|
\^w~—
Chap.lv! ty N ^ 1 ^ S P A l
o f them has but one Ifle. The Biffiop’s
■ Gemelli. Palace has been a great Strudure, but
1699. being very antient, as is the Church, is
i - 'W gone to Ruin. Not far from thence I
’ went out at the Gate o f Tayrou, lately
rebuilt by the Confuls, and adorn’d on
the outfide with T ro p h ie s, matterly
C arv’d, and with Arms o f the Nations
Conquer’d by France, with ingenious
Latin Mottoes. T he walking Place
without this Gate is one of the frneft
Nature and A rt could produce , had
they vy’d to outdo one another; for
the Eye is delighted with the ProlpaR
of the Sea, and' pleafant Fields of a long
delicious Plain- The Walls o f the Ci-
tv are nigh and ftrong, the* antient, and
encompafs’d with a deep Ditch. The
Houfes are generally very good, three
or four Stories high, like thofc in Naples,
but cover’d with Tiles. T he Streets
are narrow and crooked, by reafon o f
the unevennefs o f the Ground, andnum-
ber of Inhabitants. T|ie courteous La-
dies are extraordinary Beautiful, and fair
o f Completion. In other refpefts the
City is Rich, becanfe o f its Trade, and
in it are fix Sovereign Chambers that
covern all the Province.
\ftc v Dinner I took another Calelh
for feven Crowns to MarftiiUs, apd hav-
ins- gone four Leagues, lay at the Inn o f
Pontlund, fo call’d o f Lund, a neigh-
bouringCity, lying on the left Hand o f
the w ay, where the Hofteffes treated
me well. They wore a great Hood, as
the Country-women do, to defend them
againtt the Sun.
M oA aydth, having rid four Leagues,
I Din’d in the City S. Gil. I would wil-
lingly have gone as far as Nifmes, by
the l atins call’d Nemaufum, a City where
they make good Serge, to have feen
fome Roman Antiquities th ere; as the
Temple of D iana', la Maijon Qaarre,
or thefquareHoufe, built o f vaft Stones;
and Us Arenes, or the Amphitheatre for
nublick Shows ; but being to go three
Leagues I chofe rather to get foon to
Naples. ’ After Dinner, having rid 3
Mile wc Ferry’d over ail Arm erf the
Rhofne, which divides Languedoc from
Provence. One that waited there to re-
ceive the Cuftoms, ask’d me whether!
had any thing new in my Trunks, vyhich
ought to pay the King’s Duty, and tel-
lint him there were feven Dozen o f
Fans he very civilly difmifs’d me, with-
out receiving that little which was due
to him. He alfo advis’d me, when I
Is . came to A rles, to tell the Cuftom-
Houfe-Officers there, that the Officers
v»___ ___ i-r- - -■ — _______ -1
<SL
______ 589^
on the Road had taken no Cuftom, be-
caufe the Things were inconiiderable,
and to make Prefents * and bid me not
ihow the'Note I carry’d, for then they
vyould oblige me to Pay. This C ivility
to Strangers is peculiar to the French;
and I had fuch tryal o f it, that in a
Month’s Travelling through France, m y
Truuk$had never been open’d. Having
paid 15 Sols for the Calcfh patting the
Bridge, we came to A?tes, after three
l eagues Riding. When l came to the
Bridge o f Boats 100 Paces in length*
over the other Arm of th^ R iver Khofms,
which is m ice as broad as that before-
mention'd, the Officers ask’d four Sols
Toll. The Rhofne is counted the great-
eft River in France, which after paflmg
by Lions and Avignon, divides it felt in-
to two Branches, a League above A rles,
aqd rims down into the Sea feveu Leagues
below it , at the Port o f Bn, whence
great Boats and Tartans go up to load
with Wine and Corn. _
4 >les, a City fcated m 43 deg. of Iat.
is an Archbilhoprick, and has a good
Trade, but is not very Rich. It Hands
upon a rifing Ground, which makes it
ffiew lightly without, and it is rcckned
to be antienter than Home. There is a
Theatre in it, built by the Romans, but
not fo entire as that o f Verona. T he
Wa}|s about it, and the Houles are ve.
ry good, but the Streets narrow, and
the Town-Houft but indifferent,
TuejRay 7th, Travelling along the la­
mous A qaedulh, at the end oi four
Leagues we came to the Inn o tS .M a r-
tin de Crau, where we dm d well for 20
Sols a H ead; then proceeding four
Leagues .further along a dry ftony way,
we came to Salon, a City in the Diocefe
o f Arles, and therefore the Archbifhop
ha* there an antient large Celtic on an
Emiocncy. i hp Walls of the City are
half ruin’d with A ntiquity, and the
Houfes o f a very indifferent Struaure,
without any Sitnmctry. They fay the
way call’d Via Anreliana, made by the
Emperor M A ar elm , from the Fron-
tiers o f Spam, as far as Rome, pals d by
this Place. There is nothing in it re- t
markable but the Sepulcher, or Tomb
o f Noftradamus, the famous Aftrologer
o f the iaft Age, who is Laid to have
foretold the Murder of Henry IV. King
o f France. It is in the Church o f the
Francifcans, on the left hand Wall en-
tring the Gate, with this following In«
feripdon.
t(I)|

590 A Voyage round the W O R L D. Book IV,

fV A ^ the T recs> and converfe with the mo-
GemellL D. M . Clarijfim i O p,. deft Women. T h e Port is defended by
1 699- Michaelis N oftradam i, vnius omnium the Caftles o f S. John and 5. Nicholas •
^ martdiurn ditto digni, cujhs pene d iv i- as alfo by four fmall Redoubts upon as
no calamo totins O rbit, ex Afirorum many little Iflands or Rocks h alf a
influx a, futur event us confcriberenturh League diftant, the biggeft o f which is
V txit am is 6 2, M enfbus 6, Diebus call’d Cofiaodtn, where the Ships ftav to
17. Obdt folo 15 66. Quietem pofieri keep their Quarentine, when they come
ne invideant. Anna Pontia Gemella from Places fufpected for Infection
Solonia Conjugt opt. V. F. Thurfday pth,I w ent to fee the D «rft-
• 1 /. , . , r T where the Galleys are built. It
In the fame Church is to be feen an I- lS big enough to build as many as they
mage o f the BlelTed V irg in , and the pleafe, there being long cover’d W alks
manner o f taking our Saviour down for making o f Cables, and two cover’d
from the C rols, w ith feven Marble Sta- Docks to build two Galleys at once
tues, all the W ork o f fome great Ma- T h a t which they call the K ind’s A r h '
r T ria. !i is Y ei7 ftately, and has a noble Pa-
Having travel d five Leagues on a ve- villion in the middle for the Officers nf
ry bad Mountain Road, we Din’d on the Galleys, and two Docks m fonu
Wednefday 8th at 5 . Pot1, a fmall Place in two Galleys, befides a vaft number I f
the midft o f a Plain that reaches for fe- Magazines for Tim ber, and an Armn
veral Leagues, all adorn’d w ithC oun- ry as they told me for 100000 Men”
try Houfes belonging to the Inhabitants T h e Cathedral Hands near the Sea in
o iA ix . A fter Dinner we went 4 Leagues the W eft Part o f the C ity It has three
further, and came to M arseilles two Ifles, and the Chappels are well Con
Hours after Night-fall. W e lodged tr iv ’d ; but the Biffiop’s £ * £ who?*
at the D eux pommes, or two Apples in a Suffragan o f A rles, has nothin p rP
the Street call’d le Cours. A League markable. D re
and a half Ihort o f the C ity, the C u- Thence I went to fee the aforemenri
ftom-houfe-Officers ask’d me whether I on’d C aftleo f S.Joh n , L t h e S w
had any new Commodities; and telling without the Gate. It has a Platform
them I had fome Dozens o f Fans to with good Guns level with the W ater
make Prefents j one o f them advis’d me but the reft o f it was ill provided fome
when I came to the next Officers, which having been reftor’d from thence to the
x f e r e half a League off to enter all I Duke o f Savoy upon the laft Peace. Be-
had, that it might not be feis d. I did ing feated on a Rock two Parts whereof
fo without paying any thing, nor did are encompafs’d by the Sea, it has no
they ask any thing o f me when I entred D itch but only on the Land fide A
M arjettles, but only four Sols for open- bout Noon 20 Galleys came in return-
, ln g ' herG f e’ WhKC -WKSfllU tpi • • ing from the and from Naples,
CMtrfeilks. M arftitles was built by the Phemaans and thefe added to 2 1 more that were
on theShove o f th^M editerranean, in the in the Port, were a pleafant fight A fter
L at.o f 42 deg. 40 min. and was very Fa- Dinner I went over in a Boat to fee the
mous in former Times for its Schools, 0ppofite Caftle o f .9. N icholas, on a Hill
which v y d with thofe o f Rhodes and A - to the left o f the Habour. It has feve-
thens. A t prefer* it isone o fth e moft ce- ra l good modern W orks, and at the
lebrated Ports in ^ M ed iterra n ea n , tho’ foot o f them a great Platform rebuilt
fo lhallow, that it muft often becleans’d with many Pieces o f Cannon both above
to be capable o f indifferent Veffels. 1 he and below. Upon another higher Hill
Compafi of itsW alls is not above tw o /- is a great Fort, call’d N ofire dame de
taha-a Miles up and down. T h e Houfes G arde, which ferves for a Land Mark
are very good, and 4 or 5 Stories high; to Ships at Sea.
the Streets bad, that is, N arrow ,Crook- In my return home I pafs’d by the
ed and D irty except that call’d le Town-Houfe, which towards the Sea
Cours Here tis true the Houfes are has a good Marble Front, and good
built Umtoim and Proportionable, and Rooms within curioufly Painted
S ' K L 0rd; i l1' Ro? iTr ' “ f? r Bci" S def
halt a Mile , the empty fpace in the polisof Provence, 1 hir’d two Horfeson
middle, enc os’d with Iron Chains and Monday 10th, and rode thither after
and m S L T f f f Catt]le» D m ner» along a dirty ftony W ay, yet
MoleftSfon fi 0 tf \ 1i M n V lAh0Ut a/iy Pleafant by reaf°n o f the Mountains*a-
1 lolcftdti0il to take the cool A ir under bout it, and the Hills which are well
cultivated
1 1 1 <sl!
^ — — ~-— — '— *- —•“ ------------------------ --------------------- -------------------- — * -~* — — ~ — — * ---------------- * ----------- ------------------------------- --------------- - — ■----------------------- - — - ^

Chap.
fX A ^ O cultivated and ftrew’d with abundance
GemeUi. of Houfes o f Pleafure, belonging to the
16519. Inhabitants o f M arfeilles and A iv . I
came thither late having travell’d five
Leagues, a rid lay a t /<« i f O r,-or the
Golden Saddle. This City is feated on
a Valley encompafs’d with Hills, and
tho’ it be the Refidence o f a Parliament,
a Chamber of Accounts, and a Genera-
lity 3 yet its Compafs is not above two
Italian Miles, enclos’d with indifferent
W alls without: a Ditch. T h e Houfes
however are beautiful, and four or five
Stories high, like thofe o f Marfeilles 3
the Streets wide, ftrait and well Pav’d,
fomeof them in rheform o f a Crofs, like
the Coffer* at Palermo,
Saturday 1 1 t h , I fiw the Cathedral,
which is o f the Invocation o f S. Saviour,
has three Illes, a u d it dark, and little
adorn’d, as is ufiial in that Country.
The Archbifhop’s Palace is large, but
plain. I w ent to the new Church o f the
JefmtSy which is final!, which was that
Day blefs’d by the Archbifhop, and
there were prefeat the four chief Ma-
giftratesof the C ity, whom in Provence
they call Procm-eurs du Pays, they wore.
a Belt o f black Velvet, which the French
call Chaperon , acrofs from the right
Shoulder hanging down under the left
Arm . Thefe fate on Benches, with
Cufhions and Carpets beforethem. The
Town-houfe is a very good one.
Thence I went to la Place de Pre-
Of N E W S P A I N. 593
chew s, to fee the Parliament. After ftlafs
all the Members o f it came into the Hall
where I faw the Prefidcnt fitting in a
long and wideCrinifon Garment, turn’d
up with Ermines, like a Royal Robe.
On the lame Bench fate fix Couufellors
clad in long black Gowns, gather’d on
the Back, with a long T rain and w ide
Sleeves. T heir Caps were like thofe
Priefts wear, with a gfeat Tolfel in the
middle. T h is Robe is common to the
Prccureurs and Advocates 3 but the
Counlellors, tho’ they may wear no o-
ther in Parliament, yet‘’ in Proccflioos
and other pubfiek Solemnities they wear
a red One o f the fame make. A Clerk
Clad after the fame manner, read the
Petitions, but he wore a Cap o f Crim -
foil Velvet laced with Gold. This Of*
fleer in French is call’d Premier Hmfjien
The Procureurs and Advocates, or Plead-
ders, late on Benches below the others,
and were allow’d to be cover’d. Thence
I went to fee the other 5 Courts, one
upon the fame Floor, and tour above
Stairs. T h e Grand Chambre was belt
G ik and Painted, and there was a
Chair in it fortbe King, when he Ihonld
pleafe to be prefent. In thefe Courts
are ten Prefideats, and about fifty foven
Counfeilors are Sovereign Judges o f all
the Affairs o f the Province.
After Dinner l return’d the fame
, pleafantW ay, and got into Marfctllcs
betimes.

P •: ;'.y■ ■ .. 'HIf •! ■ ' h’ . v

C H A P . V.
The Author's Voyage from Marfeilles to Genoa, and the D efersft ms of that
City,

Would willingly have gone to fee where Pilgrims are not allow’d to eat
I the Salute Baume, or the Cave where Flelh. About Sun-let we were o ff o f
S. M ary Magdalen is laid to have liv’d Toulon, and could foe the Caftle and fe-
thirty Years 3 but thinking every Hour veraiCountry Houfes. We-held on our
an Age till I return’d, into my native way all Night. And in the Morning on
Country, I made the necefiary Provifi- Wednefday 14th, were oppofite to the
on in haft, and on Sunday 12th fet out T ow n o f Hyeres, and then run be-
for Genoa aboard a Tartan, W e fail’d tween the three Iflands o f that Name
ont o f the Harbour an Hour before Sun- and the Continent. The W ind falling
fet, and coafting along the pleafantShore then we made but little way 3 but it
between the little lilands, could ad- came up again at Sun-fet, and we made
Vance but two Miles becaufe the W ind good way till two in the Morning, when
was contrary, and Anchor’d that Night becaufe it blew hard we caft Anchor
in 'a little Bay. After Midnight the near Fort S. M agaret, to expect D ay.
W ind proving fair we fail’d again. And T his Fort Bands in a fmall Ifiand on the
on Coaft of France, very fruitful in W ine.
Monday 13th, by break of Day pals’d Wednefday 15th, when Day appear’d
> by a Village they call La Greet, and be- we fet Sail, coafting along in fight o f
ing five Leagues from Marfeilles, fail’d Antibes, where there is a Caftle and
in light of the Hill o f Sainte Baitme, Garrtfon, and 5 . Laurence, where a Ri-
v«r

Mr f ■1
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^92 Voyage found the VV (3 I\ L 13. Book IV.

fS JV ^ V t f divides Provence from the Domini- T he Calm held all the N ight, fo that
Gemelli. 0ns d f Savoy. W e pafs’d fo clofe to on Friday 17th at break o f D ay w e were
1 699. M zJta, that we could plainly fee it on oppofite to the Village del Ccrvo. T h e
l / ' A J the flat Shore, enclos’d by a good W all* W ind coming up againft us, we w efe
as alfo its Fortrefs on the high and crag- forced to lye tacking upon the delight-
gy Rock, rendred Impregnable by A r t ful Coaft o f Genoa, where the induftrl-
and Nature. W e Anchor’d after run- ous Genoefes make the barren Soil pro-
ning 180 Miles at Villafranca, where e- duce Fruit Trees. A fter Noon the
VUUjrincif very VelTel going to or coming from the W ind prov’d favourable, and carry’d
W elt is to pay two in the hundred. V il- us on a great w ay in light o f curious
lafranca is a fmall W all’d Tow n at the Gardens. Paffing by the C ity o f A l-
foot o f high Mountains, without any benga, we foon left Final behind with its
Harbour, but only an open Road. It two Caftles, one on the Hill and the o-
is defended by a Caltle on the Shore, ther on the Sea-Shore, where there was
and a Fort built on the high Mountain a Spanijh Garrifon } and then the City
A lb an0, Garrifon’d by the Duke o f Sa~ N d t , which is large, and has high
voy. T ow ers upon the Houfes o f private C i-
' A fter D ining and paying the D uties, tizens, and at laft came eai'ly to Savona, SamUt
w e went aboard again, and hoifting where we pafs'd the Night. T his City
Sail pafs’d along before the little Caltle tho’ fmall is WalTO, and has a Suburb
o f S.Spicio, and the Fort o f Oviez,z.a, as big again as it, with as good Houfes }
featecl on the top o f a Hill, and belong- befides the delightful Country Houfes a-
ing to the fame Duke. W e came tw o bout it, with fruitful Gardens, tho’ afo
lAmco. hours before Sun-fet to Monaco, where molt contrary to Nature. T he Churches
landing, I went up a Iteep w ay, about o f Savona are beautiful enough, as well
the middle whereof there is a Guard to for their Embellilhments in Marble as
the T ow n . Being come to the upper for the Structure it felf and Painting}
Gate I found another Guard, a D raw - efpecially the Daomo. T he Caltle Hands
bridge and Ditch cut out o f the Rock, upon the Shore, and has a treble Enclo-
Here I entred through a great Gate to fure, befides feveral Outworks, and a
fee the Prince o f Monaco’s Palace. T h e deep D itch cut o f the folid Rock. The
w ay to it is up tw o fpacious Marble Harbour tho’ fmall is fafe, but o f diffi-
Stare-Cafes made Semicircular, which cult Entrance. Five Miles from the
afterwards meet in a ltately long Galle- City is an Image o f our BlelTed Lady,
r y that leads to the Lodgings and A - famous for many Miracles. T he Church
partments, which for their Number, belonging to it, befides its Priefts and
Magnificence and Furniture may ferve Religious Men, maintains about 700
feveral Princes together. Orphans o f both Sexes. Savona is alfo
Monaco is a very ftrong Place on a famous for its curious Earthen W are,
R ock, the W alls inaccelfible on all fides, exceeding all that is made in the State
and with only one Gate, up to which o f Genoa. T he Bifhops o f this C ity,
there is a very uneafieW ay, as w asfaid o f Ventimiglia and A lb enga, have fcarce
before } it is fmall, and has only one a thoufand Crowns a Y ear each, becaufe
Monaftery o f Nuns o f S. Terefa, be- their Diocefies are very fmall.
caufe it is poor and cannot maintain F ry - Having hir’d a Filucca, I fet out from
ars. T here are abundance of heavy Savona on Saturday the 1 8th betimes,
Cannon befides the fmall, all well moun- and paffing by the neighbouring T ow n
ted. T h e Garrifon confifts o f about o f A rbifola, the delicious Plain o f A ren - ■_
900 Men, pay’d by the K in g o f France, nano, Cogoletto feventeen Miles diftant
A t Monaco they recover the Duty o f from Genoa, V u ltri, and other hand-
two in the hundred only o f the Ships fome T ow n s on the Shore, with excel-
that return f r o m the W eft, whereas all lent Houfes o f Pleafure, as far as the
pay at Villafranca, Vale and R iver o f Polfevera, whofe
Tburfday 16th, we advanced betimes Mountains are nothing inferior to the
leaving on our left hand on a Hill the delightfulleft Parts o f its Banks, came
Village o f Racea ofeura, and others be- at length to Genoa before Noon,
longing to the fame Prince, for ten Genoa lies upon the Mediterranean fa-
Miles along a dry C ountry} and then cing the South, in the Lat. o f 43 deg.
began to coaft along the Genoefe Shore, 40 min. and being feated on the fide o f
which begins at the C ity Ventimiglia } a Hill looks from the Sea a noble T hea-
yet all that Night could not get beyond tre. A ll the Buildings throughout its
S. Remo, a Country abounding in O ran- whole Compafs o f four Miles, are a-
ges, Lemmons and Olives. * dom ’d

- ) \
■ ' " %

Chap* 1IL Of 'l l E W S T A I N ,
P s J \ S i dom’d with excellent Marble ; nor will
Gemelli. thofein time be inferior to them, which
1699- the rich Inhabitants will be daily erect-
ing in the compafsof i 5 Miles, the W all
newly built has enclos’d. T h e w o rftis,
that the Streets are Narrow and Dark,
T he Port is above a Milein length, with
a Light-Houfe on the W elt End, and
good Fortifications, under whofe Pro-
tection there are two Docks, one for the
Galleys, the other for the W ine Boats.
In 935 it was burnt by the Saracens, and
all the Inhabitants flain or made Slaves,
but was afterwards Rebuilt much more
nobly. It is call’d the Haughty, becaufe
the Nobility are fo Proud and Intrada-
ble, having a great Conceit o f them-
felves, tho’ the little Dominion of their
Common-wealth, does not extend to a-
bove 140 Miles in length along the Shore
from Eaft to W eft, and under 12 in
breadth. Since the Scourge o f the French
Bombardment in 1684, they have erect-
«' ed two Platforms and planted good
Gunsonthem , to keep off thofe Thun-
derbolts, which can humble the prou-
deft Hearts. T h e Ladies are Beautiful
and W itty, but their fhort w ay o f fpeak-
ing makes them ridiculous. T h e Men
are extremely Frugal and inclin’d to
T r a d e , which has gain’d them vaft
Wealth;
The Doge’s Palace is one o f the larg-
eft and moft beautiful Struftures in Eu-
rope ; but not fo much beautify’d with
Marble as the private Houfes of the No-
bility. A few Steps led up out o f a
great Court into a noble Hall, without
which are the two fo famous Statues o f
Andrew d’ Oria and John Andrea, the
Deliverers of their Country. Adjoyn-
ing to this Hall there are many A part-
ments with their particular Courts,
beautify’d with Marble Pillars. Then
going up two high Stair-Cafes‘are the
upper Lodgings, where is the Chamber
o f the great Council, for electing o f the
t Doge, and by it the College for Matters
o f Government, where thetwenty feven
Senators and Agents (as they told me)
meet, Clad in long Gowns almoft like
the French civil Magiftrates ; but the
Agents cannot Vote in all Publick A f-
fairs. In the oppolite fide are the Doge’s
Apartments, big enough, not only for
him, but for any abfolute Prince.
. " Tow ards Evening I went out o f
T ow n to fee Prince d’ Oria’s Palace,
| -Handing on the Shore. It is well worth
feeing for its noble Structure, Marble,
Fountains, Gardens and rich Furniture,
Sunday 19th, I heard Mafs in the
Vol. IV.
• ' ’ ’ ' '
w A ..... i ' . '
<SL
’j y j
Church o f the Dominicans, which has
.three Ifles, fupported on Pillars, and
tho’ large is not much beautify’d with
Marble, as is the Cloifter.
S. Ambrofe belonging to the fefuits
is built after theModel o f their profefs’d
Houfe at Naples, all lin’d with curious
Marble finely wrought with large Pil-
lars 5 but it is not fo large as that o f
Naples. ,
T h e Dtiomo or S. Laurence’s Church
has a lofty noble Front o f Marble o f fc-
veral Colours; it is large, and has three
Ifles form’d by eight Ma rblo Pillars, but
not fo well beautify’d as is S. Ambrofe.
T he Palace o f Eugenio Duraz.no has a
nobleFront, and eight good Pillars with-
in the Court. A ftately Stair-Cafe
which parts in two,' leads into fpacious /
Apartments, all ctlfioufly adorn’d with
Marble and Painting. And it m aybe
truly faid that the Palaces o f private
Men in Genoa are Royal.
T h e Church o f the Barefoot Carme-
lites, where I went to Vefpers, confifts
o f but one Ifle, and has a good T aber-
nacle of rich Marble and precious
Stones. The moft remarkable thing is
the Chappel o f the Franzjmi on th eleft
hand, all cas’d in pure black Marble
and particularly four Marble Pillars’
tw elvehalf Bodies of Brafs, and a lam e
Crucifix worth 10000 Crowns. On the
right is the Chappel o f the Duranni
beautiful,but not fo rich.
Going thence I faw the College o f S.
Jerome of the Jefuits, not yet finilh’d.
However it is remarkable for the great
quantity of Marble Pillars , that a-
dorn the Front, and fupport the tw o
Galleries, one above another; and I
can affirm I counted 84 great Marble
Pillars in the Cloifter only. T he Church
is well fet out, and the upper Hall for
publick Difputations Embellifh’d with
good Pictures.
J T he Theater, where I faw a Play
Acted, is final!, with only four Rows o f
Boxes, and eighteen in each Row. T h e
Price was half a Crown a Man.
Monday io th , going to S. Giro o f the
Fathers Theatins, I faw a moft beautiful
Church with three arch’d Ifles, fuppor-
ted by fixtieen great Pillars o f white
Marble. T here are twelve Chappels,
fix on a fide,; and before them twenty
four Pillars, and as many on the A ltars,
all of fine Marble of feveral Colours,
befides other curious W orks on the fame
Stone. The. Tabernacle is o f great va-
lue, the Choir beautiful, and the high'
A ltar much more, for four Pillars o f de«
Fff f licate
1 :■ , ■* ,'
\ •
$31
 x \ \
p T . <A%: 'f k v ;V-M*■'"■ , ;a ‘?o :;o; ^-iV^'■"'v-v ;.\k ,v' ' ■•■'. , .';]{■■ ;: V ^
5^ A Voyage round the W O R L EX
T ^ - V o licate black Marble. The A rch and C«-
Gemelli. pda is richly G ilt and Painted at a great
16 9 9 . Expence* In fhort. no City in. the
W orld exceeds -Genoa for Ornament o f
Churches, becaufe o f the admirable
Marble which is not to be brought a
great way.
Going out at S. M arthah Gate on
■ Tuefday 2 1ft , 1 went up the Hill to fee
the Jlbcrgo^ ^/hich is one o f the moft
magnificent and pious W orks in the
State of Genoa. Coming to this Place I
perceiv’d, T h at the nob!c Venetians, as
lp ariag as tipsy are towards themfelves
whilft living, they are as bonntifol to
the Church dying, o f thole Goods they
can no longer keep. T h is appears b y
the incredible and prodigious Charge,
theStruvTure we now fpeak o f rnnft coft;
becaufe in order to fiiulh it, bcltdes the
Structure erected they have been for-
ced to level Precipices, and cut the tin-
even Rock fmooth. T w ofpadous W ays
lead from the firft G ate to a Portico;
and thence two other nobler W ays to
the firft Floor, where there are four
Statues o f the Benefactors o f the Place,
withlnfcriptions ; befidesas manymore
upon the Stairs. T he W alls within the
Church are cover’d with choice Marble,
with eight Statues Handing u p rig h t,
and a high A ltar with feven Pillars, and
nn Image o f the Bldled Virgin, C arv’d
by a Mafter. Before we come to the
Church, we fee on the right hand feve-
ral Galleries and Rooms, as alfo the
Garden o f the faoneft Women and Maids;
for the Condemn’d and Penitent. W o-
men, live apart above the Church, that
they may not delude the Maids. T h e
Governefs fhewing me the Apartments
told me there were in that Place 650
Women. From behind the high A lta r
and the firft Portko there is a w ay up to
feveral Apartments, one o f Youths, an-
other o f old Men, and anot her of Chi!.-
dren, where thefe work for fcvcral Ufes
o f the Houle, and all thefe Apartments
by reafon o f the height o f the Place
Hand one above another, (like a Scene
o f Ptjrfpeftive on a Stage, and it is a
great Pleafure to view it from the G al-
leries. T h e whole is G overn’d w ith
wonderful Order and Economy, O r-
phans and poor Children being there
Maintain’d and Educated ;/ and Porti-
ons given to M arry young . Maids. A t
that time there were 13 0 0 Perfons
maintain’d there.
N ext I went to fee the great Hofpi-
tal, w here about. 400 Sick o f both Sexes
are maintain’d , and carefully attended
\
/
, ••■ -fJl' ,*)/r ^ v/1 ■'V i-pV lv •' ' ' 4 ^ ' ^ "' '\ ^ ''''« ! '
Book TV
with much Charity. In the firft GalJe-
lery there is nothing beautiful but its
length and extent, and this leads to an-
other equal to it in bignefs, which is the
Women’s Infirm ary;" with three other
Apartment? for Perftms o f Q uality and
young G iiies. A t the Entrance into
the fiecond G allery is a beautiful Chap-
pie, and two long Arches making a
Grofis and another large one on the righ t
hand d f the Ghappei
T he Senate being to meet. I went thi-
tber, and faw at the end o f a fpaci-
ous Hall, a great R in g , with 28 Seats
about it, like the R in g o f the R oyal
Chamber at Naples. T h e fiats*s Chair
was fbmewhat above the reft under a
Canopey. He was Clad in Scarlet, and
the feven Senators about him, had long
Gowns of black Damask, Caps likelhofb
Priefts w ear, and about their Necks old
fa ihion Ruffs or Gorgets. When they
had read a Petition, they all gave their
Votes by way o f Ballot. T h is Doge is
chofen from among the Senators, and
when he has G overn’d two Years, is
difmifs’d by a Perlbn appointed for that
purppfe, in thefe W ords. Tour Sereni-
* j has finijh’d the time o f your Govern-
m m . Tour Serenity mujl retire to your
om H oufe.
I heard Mafs in the Church o f S. M a­
which is final!, but has three files
form’d by eightPilkrs,and Well adorn’d-
T h e Parifh Church o f S.,Lu>ke tho’ little
and has but three A ltars, is beautifi.il
for its Marble Infide. T h e Banker’s
Exchange and the Merchants is great,
but the Structure nothing Magnificent,
Wednefday i2 d , I went to walk in
Prince d* G rid’s Garden, and took no-
tic e o f a great Fountain, over which is a
Neptune dra wn on a Shell by three Sea-
Horfes, with feveral little Boys fporr-
ing about. T h e Palace is very (pad-
ous, and has a communication with the
per Gardens by an Iron Bridge,
Hence 1 proceeded to fee the Pharos
or Lighthoufe, in which at Night they
fet up 32 Lights, to dri ed the Ships that
come into the Harbour. It is doo Spans
high or 450 Foot, as the Keeper told
me, and a Stair-Cafe o f 3 12 Steps, up
which I could not get under half an
Hour. It is Founded on a Rock, and a-
bout it, as well as along the Curtin,
there are good Pieces o f Cannon,
A fter Dinner I w ent to Our Lady o f
the Vineyards, a Collegiate Church with
three files, A rch’d and fuftain’d by 20
Marble Pillars. A ll the Chappeis arc
beautiful, with each o f them two Pil­
lars
 ' ,..• '|i; .

Chap. VI. fNE IV S P 7 T~ 595

f > A - 0 lars and excellent Painting, but the high above, o f which it is better to fay no-
Gemelh. A ltar exceeds all the reft. thing than too little. T h e Court is
t- S- Franeis’$ Church belonging to the beautify’d with twenty great Pillars,
Fathers o f that Order, is large, and has and twenty two more fnpport the Arches
three Hies divided by Pillars. On the o f the fecond Floor,
right fide there are fix good Chappels, A t a fmall diftance is the Palace o f
for thofe on the left are not yet fini/h’d. Brignole, the lower Arches whereof are
Thurfday 13 d , I went to fee our Lady fupported by fixteen Pillars, the Stairs
o f the Aflumption, or o f Carignano, a adorn’d with excellent Statues, and the
Collegiate Church, with twelve Canons, Rooms richly Furnifh’d.
an Abbot and eighteen Chaplains ; Sunday 25 th, I heard Mafs at the A n -
Founded by Bandmello Sand, and rais’d vunciadaoi the Fra; cifcans, a fine Church
to its prefentGrandeur byFram isM aria with three Illcs, divided by five Pillars
Sauli Doge. Itisfeated on a high Moun- o f fine Marble on each fi le. T he A r-
tain, which has a Profpecl of all Genoa ches are well Painted and richly Gilded,
and the adjacent Parts. The Church is T h e Chappels on the left o f the high AI-
rais'd upon four folid Pillars, which di- tar are finifh’d, and all fac’d with curi-
v id e it into three Illes. In the Niches ous Marble } the others on the right
o f the faid Pillars arefour noble Statues are not finilh’d no more than the Front
excellently C arv’d. T he Eight Chap- o f the Church,
pels are well beautify’d with Marble, In the new Street there are no Houfes
as well as the high A ltar. A conveni- inferior to thofe already mention’d.That
ent Stair-Cafe made within the W all, o f the Marques Balbi, which I faw Mon-
leads up to the Cupula on the outfide, day 27th, has twenty Pillars on the firft
whence all Genoa is feen from three fe- Floor, going into a Garden full o f Foun-
veral Galleries one above another. tains, Statues and other Ornaments, as
Friday 24th, I went to fee S. George’s many more in the firft Galleries o f the
Hill, where the greateft W ealth o f Ge- upper Floor, and twelve in 'the fccond
ma is. On the firft Floor is theCnftom- Galleries.TheFurniture is vaftly rich,as
Houle, and above Stairs on the right are the Piftures and Statues. T his a-
Hand the antient great Chamber, with lone may prove as much as a thoufand
fifteen Statues o f noble Genoefes, who W ords, viz.. That the only Structure
have deferv’d well o f their Country, o f the Palace colt 100000 Pieces o f Goldi
placed about the W all. The new Cham- In this Marques’s Book o f Accounts,
(1 her, where fometimes the Parties con- w e faw in one Leaf, the Sum o f five Mil-
cern’d meet to the number o f 400, is lions between Debtorand Creditor.The
larger, and about its W alls are fixteen Palace o f Charles Balbi the Marques’s
Statues o f good Marble, placed there in Kinfman, is nothing inferior to his.
memory of good Citizens. Through Tuefday 28th, I faw the Darfena or
this Chamber they go to that o f the Place for the Galleys and Tartans o f
Magiftrates, which are eight Senators, W ine. The Tartansare outwardmoft,
who decide all Caufes relating to the and further in five Galleys o f the Re-
Bank, and Duties o f the City, fitting on publick, all o f them Ihelter’d from any
Chairs cover’d with Crimfon Damask. W ind.
Saturday 25th, I faw Prince d’ Ovid's Wednefday 29th, my Trunks being
Palace. It has a very curious Marble come by Sea from Cadiz., I put them a-
Front, and pleafant Gardens on the lides, board a Neapolitan Filucca to be carry’d
and two Galleries, each adorn’d with to Naples, being relolv’d to go my felf
eight Pillars. T here are Stairs that look by Land, becaufe o f the ill Weather
Majeftick, which lead up to the Court •, which had lafted many Days. Accord-
and from the Court another Stair-Cafe ingly on Thurfday 30th, I hired a Calefh
not inferior to the firft, dividing it felf for M ilan, and order’d my Affairs fo
into two Branches goes to the Lodgings as to depart.

. C H A P . VI.
The Author's Journey from Genoa to Milan, and the Deferf t ion o f that City.
Set out on Saturday the firft o f No- the Pleafure o f the Shore o f S. Peter de
I vember, and after fevera! times crof-
ling the River o f Polfevera, and enjoy’d
Vol. IV.
Arena, I ftruck over barren Mountains,
and having travell’d twenty Miles came
at Night to Taglio. Ff f f 2 Sun-

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. 4

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 " '\ . '■ 1 V 'f:'
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§L
■ , . ---u-.------ - --- - '■—
■.I...WW ----1*I I..... II. --V-■
*—
5 \ A Voyage round the W O R L D . Book IV .
„ — ----—-—-—-----r— —*" ' ~~~ .." ~ “ 1
rvA ^ Sunday 2d I went OH to C a v iy a deru k Borromec, A rchbifnop ot M ilan,
CianciU, frontier" Town, o f the State o f Genoa, and containing at lea ft 30000 Volumes.
1699* and thence three Miles to Scrravalle in B y reafon o f the convenicncy ot its Situ- •
— ( / V M the State o f M m » . T h e T ow n is ve- ation, it'has deferv’d from its Founda-
ry fmall, and has a Cattle on the T o p tion to be the Relidence o f Princes and
o f the Hill, with a fmall G arrifoa and E m perors3 N erva , Trajan, A drian ,
a few Pieces o f Cannon. T h e Country Caufimtms, Afaxim m ian, Confiantm, and
about is Pleaiant and well Cultivated, others haying liv’d h ere for a confidera-
A t N ivh t 1 return’d to G avi. ble time. W hen the Power o f the Ro-
Mtmday 3d, \ bated at N ovi, a W all’d man Empire declin’d, it fuffer’d toge-
T o w n with a Cattle on a Hill, and then ther with all Lombardy, or the Cifalpme
proceeding on my Journey , at two Gaul, under the Cruelty o f the Goths
Miles end entted the State o f M ilan, and Lougobards-, who being ihbdu’d by
and D in’d a t#Tom»<«, fifteen Miles front Charlemagne, it remain’d under the Ju-
where I fet out. T h is City is feated in rildiftion of the v/eftern Emperors till
a Plain and enclos’d 'with a low W all 11 6 2 , whenthe Emperor Frederick lay’d
and D itch 3 has a Cattle on the Hill it level with the Ground, and low’d it
with a t.J ood Garrifon j but the Houfes with Salt. Being afterwards reftor’d
arc not handfome. Proceeding ten to its former Splendor, it continu’d as a
Miles further I pafs’d through Bogncra, Feof o f the Em pire under feveral Prin-
a good T ow n , twice as big as Tort ana, ces. Laftly, the Sforzjts being expell’d
and four Miles beyond it lay at the by the French, and thefe overthrown at
wretched Inn o f Parana. the Siege o f Pavia by Charles the fifth’s
IVednefdayjythJ fet out betimes along Generals, K in g Francis tire firft being
a very dirty Road, and after five Miles made Pnfoner 3 that fame Emperor
R id in g, ferry’d over the Pa, and five gave the Inveftiture o f the State to his
Miles fu rth e r over the G revalu , and Son Philip the fecond K in g o f Spam, un-
ftay’d to Dine at P avia, crofting the bias* der whofe Sueceifors it ftill continues.
(in which W aters it on a Bridge. W edmfday 5th, I went, to fee the
P avia is a ftrong Place enclos’d with Cattle. T h e w ay into it is over two
a broad wet D itch, and good Outworks. B rid g es, and through three G a te s,
T he Cattle looks more like a Palace than which led to a very fpacious Place o f
a Fortrefs, and within it is a good A r - Arm s. Thence palling through another
mory , reftor’d by Colonel D . Francis G ate, between the tw o ftrong Houfes of
de Cordova. T h e C ity is Populous, the Dukes o f M ilan , there is a Court,
Rich and Adorn’d with good Palaces, with a Chappel in it, and the Governor’s
It boafts o f greater Antiquity than M i- Houfc 3 that is, the ftrong Houfe on
Ian, and amengotbers values it felf upon the right Hand o f the G ate, whole W in-
holding out tile memorable Siege laid to dows look upon the Place o f Arm s 3
it by ''Francisi. K in g o f France in the for that on the left is taken up w ith the
Y ear 15 2 5 . Its Univerfity is famous Ammunition, A rm ory and Holpital,
for having bred the famous Cm lpans, and itsW indows look towards the'Wall.
Tillotr, Baidas and the moft learned^A*- I was told tbefe tw o Houfes had been
(itus. T h e Monaftery here o f the C ar- built there designedly , that the two
thtijians is one o f the moft Renowied in Dukes, who then w ere no good Friends,
Italy, and riot without reafon for the ex- might, not lb much as look at one ano-
celknt Picture in it. Riding ten Miles ther. T h is Caftlc has fix Baftions, with
after D inner, I pafs’d through Binafco, tw elve Pieces o f Cannon upon each o f
and came betimes, to M ia n . them, and fix half .Moons, and a wide
T h e C ity o f M ilan feated hi 45 deg. deep w et Ditch. A t the Entrance
of Latitude, is thought to have been there are two high T ow ers with Brick
built by the GauL in the Year 395, af- W alls, about thirty Spans thick, and
ter the building o f Rome. It is above cas’ d with hard Stone, Diamond-cut.On
eight Miles in Compafs, containing a- thefe and the W alls o f the Curtins there
b©ut2QQQoo Inhabitants, eacluding the are vaft heavy Pieces o f Cannon. T h is
Suburbs. T h is Place is famous for four Cattle is generally look’d upon as the
things, which a re 3 T h e Multitude o f beft, the greateft and fafeft o f all the
People 3 the Magnificence o f its Duomo Fortrefles i n Europe 3 and its A rm ory,
or Cathedral, which is never without tho’ at prefent not fo full, is reputed
Workmen about it 3 its impregnable fufficient to Arm all Italy. T h ey fay
Cattle 3 and the famous L ib rary call’d it was built by GaUarjoa Bifcam e, the
slm brofi.ina, given by the Cardinal F n - fecond D uke o f that Name, and after­
wards
IS
Chap. VI. Of N E W
f\A / i wards improv’d by the Emperor Charlei
Gemelli. V. It Hands on the weft lide o f M ilan
1699- and its Liberty extends half about with-
D'"V'"'0 in the C ity, in which Precinfts no Offi-
cer can apprehend Malefactors, without
the Conltable o f the Caltle’s leave.
A t N ight I faw a very wretched Play
Afted at the Theater in the Governor’s
Palace, which has an hundred Boxes in
j four Ranks.
Tlmrfday 6th, I went with D . Ferdi-
rand Valdes, Conltable o f the Caltle to
fee the Ceremony o f the K in g’s Birth
D ay at the Palace, and Prince Vaade-
mont\ Furniture. Having pafs’d the
Hall and Antichamber, w e came into
another hung with Damask with Gold
Fringes, and adorn’d with Looking-
Glades in Silver Fram es, and other
Things o f Criltal. T he next Room
was hung withCrimfon Velvet,theEdges
embroider’d with Gold, and there was
a State-Bed like a Pavillion, embroid-
er’d aboutwith Gold, and adorn’d with
curious Eagles on the Top. Nothing
in fhort, could beRicher or more State-
ly, tho’ it had been fet with Jewels. In
the fame Room there were feveral T a -
bles cover’d with Silver and Looking-
Glalfes, with Frames o f the fame Me-
tab When the Hour o f the Ceremony
was come, the Conltable order’d a Gen-
tleman to carry me in his Coach to the
Collegiate Church call’d La fea la , w hi-
ther he was to come with the Governor,
Being at the Church, I law the Prince
come in a Coach and eight Horles, fol-
low’d by two other Coaches and eight
Horfes, and one with lix for his Reti-
nue. The Prapofitus and Canons went
out to meet him at the Door with Holy
W ater, then accompany’d him to the
high A ltar, he being carry’d in an open
Chair becaufe he was Gouty. A ll the
Officers Civil and M ilitary were prefent,
with the Prince’s Courtiers richly Clad,
T h e Footmen and Srvifs Guards were
alfo new Clad, fome in Velvet, and
lome in green Cloth laced with Gold,
T h e Governor took his Seat, as abfolute
Princes do on a Chair at the right lide
o f the A ltar, within a Damask Curtin
above the Choir. T h e Prapofitus fate
over againlt him, three Iteps lifted up
abovethe Floor, and faid Mafs in Ponti-
ficalibus. T here were ten other Velvet
Chairs with Cufhions o f the fame, and
Desks to kneel at, cover’d w ith Cloth,
. \vhere fate firlt the Conltable^ o f the
, Caltle, Colonel Cordova-, n ext’T . Fer-
f dinand Valdez. \ the Marques de Burgo-
. mayne, General o f the Forces and Gran-
' t
f \ 1 ^. ■ , , .
T ■ '
<L 3
S P A l Nt 597
dee o f Spain • the great Chancellor, and
other OfficcrSCivil and M ilitary. The
Governor was Incens’d, and had the
Golpel and Fax brought him to kifsj the
others were only Incens’d, and had the
P ax. Then the Te Deum being Stingy
all the Guns w ere Fir’d.
I return’d in the fame Coach to the
Palace;, and going in at the great G ate
(for before I entred at shat of the T hea-
ter) law other Apartments richly hung
with Damask and T apiltry. The Prince
Governor retiring into the further
Chamber, difm ifsd the Com pany with
much more Affability, than is us’d in o-
ther Places. I return’d thence with thd
Conltable to the C a ltle , where the
Roonm vere richly Furnilh’d with curi-
ousTapiftry,Silveringeniouflywrought,
Scritoires, and Pictures o f the bell Ma~
Iters of palt Ages. He led me into a
Room within the Gallery, where for-
merly the Clock ltood, and that look’d
into the Parade. It was very light-
fom hung with rich Damask , and fet
out with other coltly Furniture. Here
a Table was cover’d, about which nine
Men and a Lady being feated, many no­
ble Dilhes were ferv d in. A fter Din-*
ner the Conltable, becaufe he could not
go himfelf,appointedD.Francis Ramirez t
Commilfary General o f Horfc, to con-*
duff me to Court to fee the Solcmni-*
ty. Being come into the Antichamber,
w e waited a long time among leveral
Officers Civil and M ilitary, and when
the Ladies were come, the Prince was
drawn out in a Chair upon Wheels,
and Hopping in the Antichamber, laid,
Come in Gentlemeny a piece o f Civility 1
never faw any Man in his Poll perform.
W e went with him into a Room hung
w ith Damask, where the Ladies were
fitting in rows, and at the upper end
the Princefs Governefs, on another fort
o f Chair. T h e Prince went on as far
as the Bed before-mention’d, and there
difco.urs’d with other Ladies, and they
all prefent, being now and then treated
w ith variety o f Sweetmeats. A n hour
after we all went to the Boxes in the
T heatre, and there heard a Confort
o f 50 Inltruments placed on the Stage, j'
and before it in a Semicircle, and then
a Compolition fung by four V oices,
call’d, The Security o f l\ety-7 which was
fo far from anfwering the Sweetnefs o f
the Inltruments, that it made every one
wiffi it at an end. In the mean while
there was a noble Collation o f all forts
diltributed. I was carry’d home late at
N ig h t by the Commilfary.
Satur-
t o \

f t !
598 ^ KojMgp round the W O R L D.
rvA-^> Saturday 8th} I went to fee the great
Gemelli. Hofpital, founded by the Dukes of M i-
1699- Un, and may be faid to be one of the
bellifl-Italy. 1chas a ftately Front out-
Hoipitau warcjS} anc| within a great fquare Court,
with double rows of Pillars, which fup-
port both the upper, and lower Arches}
and both above and below, there are nia-
nyGalleties for the Sick, who were then
about 800 , well attended; not to fpeak of
feveral Stores, and Apartments for the
dwellingofthofewhofervetheSick.They
told me the Revenue of this Holpital
was above 150)000 Philippines. Half a
Mile from the City, without the Ro-
m an G ate, they were making a Bnryal
place for thole that dy’d in the Hofpital,
and the W ork is fo great, that they kid
already lay’d out 200000 Philippines up-
on it. _ Revenue left for its Fabrick. It has
Libretto. Sunday 9th, I faw the Lazaretto, for
People infected with the Plague, which
is another great lquare Stru&ure, two
good Musket lhot in length, with above
300 Rooms about it. In the middle of
it is a Garden, let for 2000 Philippines a
Year.
Monday 10th, in the Evening Peter
Paul Car-vaggio, ProfelTor of Mathema-
ticks, carry d me out in his Coach to fee
the City. After fome time being drove
abotit, we went to the Exchange, and
to the Free Schools, which they fay
were founded by the Longobard Queens}
and there he ffiew’d me the Chair, on
which St. .AuoufHn taught. Oppofite to
it we went into the College of the No-
ble Milanefe Doctors, which is an ex-
cellent Structure founded by a Pope of
the Houle of M editis. None but Per-
fons of Birth, are admitted into that
College, and to them is referr’d the frrft
Hearing of civil Caufes by fuperior
Courts.
Tuefday 1 1 th, the Governor, Archbi-
C H A P .
The Author's Journy from M ilan, to Bologna.
1 2th, I fet out in a
W
Ednefday
Coac h for Bologna, paying a Pi-
Hole for my Place, and having gone ten
Miles, much Snow falling, din’d at. the
Caftie of Mclegmno, and lay ten Miles
Lodi, further at Lodi, a Bilhoprick, on the
River Adda, defended by agood Caftie,
Thurfday r3th, I went 10 Miles, thro’
a well cultivated Country, and dirty
way to Cafale, where I din’d, and then
riding ten Miles further, came to Via-
GOV
t
* ' v j
Gt
Book IV.
ffiop, and Officers Civil and Military,
went to hear Mafs and Sermon at the
Duomo or Cathedral, that being the laft Cathedral
of the nine Days Devotionto $. Charles.
The Governor late within a Curtin, on
the left Hand of the Altar within the
Rail, and the Princefs in a fort of Pue.
The Officers had not Chairs, as in the
Royal Chappel, but Benches cover’d
with Damask, and Cnffiions tokneelon.
The Sermon, and Mtdick were very
good. This Church being 200 Cubits
long, and 130 In breadth, is counted
the 8th Wonder of the World for its
Iargenefs, curious Marble, excellent Sta-
tues, and other rich Ornaments} tbo’ it
is not yet quite finiffi’d, after fo many
Years, nor any Hopes that it will he loon
compleated } notwithftanding the great
five ifles, divided by well wrought Mar-
ble Pillars, which hold up the high Ar-
ches, and which together with chafe of
the high Altar, are in all 70. AH the
Structure both within and without, up
to the very Roof, is adorn’d with ex-
cellent Statues of half lengths, and 0-
ther choice Carving in Marble. By this
you may judge what the Altars, and
Chappels are } efpecially the high Al-
tar, on which there is a rich Silver Ta«
bernade. The Churches in M ilan are
generally well ferv’d, notwithstanding
their great Number j for they tould me
there were eleven Collegiate Churches, 1
71 Parilhes, and 74 Monafteries of
Monks, Friars and Nuns, bolides Hof-
pitals. *
In the Evening, going down into the
lower Church of the Cathedral, I paid
ray Devotion to the Body of S. Charles,
kept in a Cryftai Shrine, with a filver
Frame, within another of Silver, and
gilt Brafs, it was richly embdlifh’d with
Gold within.
V II.
Ferrying over the fo , hard by it.
Piacenza is feated on a Plain, and is .
about five Miles in compafs. The Hou- P,:utn^
les and Streets are very good, but ill
Inhabited. In the great Market Place,
there are z Brafs Statues on Horfeback,
of excellent Workmanffiip, the one of
Alexander Farneftus, the other of his Son
Ranuccio.
Friday 14th, in the Morning I went
to fee the Palace, where the Duke of
Par-
|I| <SL
........................ ....................... -. .■ •^•’ • ; ' , H ;n

Chap, V l i ~ ~~dfN k t v s P A l N. .. 599

rvA /1 Parma refides, when he comes to this duly, being i-nali, and having only five
r Z X i;Citv. It is Magnificent both for Stru- rows o f S eats.,
i(?oorture and Furniture and particularly W e fit out late from Parma, and at
Ly^v">J in the, Prince’s Apartment, there are five Miles end, parting over a bridge,
four Rooms hung with wrought Satan, where every 1 ravel! sr pays ten fence*
and the laft with Cloth o f G old, withan entred the Dukedom of Modena, am
extraordinary rich Bed. T he lower. Hiding ten Miles through it, among
Floor b hung with good Tapijtry * and well cultivated Fields, diveriity d with
the Theatre by it, is as good as can be Houfts o f PJeafiirc , came to
wifh'd T h e Cathedral has three lfles, This City was Bn dr. or. the Pta »A.»u,uis,
«.irh harwtfisme Altars by Lepidut the Trium vir, who retided rn
1 fet out late from Piacenza, and ha- wa long time, it is Famous for its great
vine trav d l’d Miles along a well Fair, for ns good Churches and Streets,
Pav'd Road between pleafanr. Fields and for the Palaces, that Embellr/hd it,
well cultivated, lay at the Inn o f G rat- and among the reft that o f Projpero Sea-
S i T a E T b £ g no fording .hr K i- « * . , beforewhich (hero a,e
ver Stiron, becaufe it was fwollen, with excellent Statues, o f Hercules and JLe~
r d :n r* llen rhe Night before. fit to be placed itl any Royal G al-
W « fit S t b S o p o o W a y fery. T he Church o fo u r L ad , o f * * -
M th, pafi’d through the C ity Borgo, and gjo, call d o f the Fathers S la n t s , be-
having gone is Miles, at the River TW- tore which the aforemention d Fair xs
iSflfcch a Number of Coaches and kept, has three Hies, of good S tru fb re,
Calefhes that 1 was forced to wait four with moft beautiful Altars, efpecially
H o u r t to g ft over the two Branches o f that o f the Blefled Virgin, which has
that R iver, tbo’ there w ere two Boats, curious W ork in Marble, and isadornd
which had a Roman Ttftons for evei y one with Silver.
they Ferry’d over. Riding 5 Miles far- Monday 17th, having trav eJd owe
tber we came late to Parma, where Miles, we were itoppd by the River
we &ould not have got iu, had not the Sexchk, fwollen by the Rain that fell in
Duke having been himfelf at the R i- the N ight, fo that we were forced to
ver, Order’d out o f bis own Goodnefs, ftay till the Boat could be got ready,
t h J t-h- r a r e (hanld be o w n ’d. and Paid two Gudm a Man for our Pal-
Perm is in the latitude o f 44 deg. fage. Then Travelling 6 Miles farther,
ao min on a Plain, upon the Via Fla- we came in good ume to Modena. 1 his Rodent.
m2 am they will have it to be in City is feared m 44 degrees of latitude
fac t an excellent Air, that feme o f its on the V * E m ilia which ran f r o m & -
Cithens have liv’d to 12 0 , and ev rn to m m to Pmcenza, the Country is Mar
u o Years of Age. Its Buildings fcy, having the R iver Panaro on the Eaft,
are M a g n ifie d , the Churches well a- and the Secchto on the W eft. It is the
d o r n K n d the Streets wide, efpecial- refidence o f the Princes of the Houle o f
ly that call’d del P'erze. T he compafs £ fie , under whole anfpiciQOs Govern-
o f ir in about four Miles, and the R iv e r ment it enjoys that Peace, it formerly
r l l t S £ Z m o f it. a.,d after the Cterh o f C rfir wanted .
wheooe it takes Name. T h e Duke’s long time, through the Ambition o f yrt-
Palace is large, and fit to entertain fe- vate Remans. It n en d o s d with a go >d
verai Princes and has good Apartments W all, and defended by a great F o it,
Embellirti’d with excellent Pictures, and Built after the Modern manner, its
all forts of rich Houfc-hold-rtuli compafs is between , ,
Sunday M , l heard Mafs in the Q ,~ but there is nothing reaiarkable in its
thedral, which has three lfles divided by Houfes, or narrow S tm ts, «nW sit be
tali Pillars, but without much Orna- abundance o f Dirt. In the middle 0 it
ment T h e College is one o f the fineft is a very high T o w er, made of com e
K u o * that can be fren, both w ith. Marble, which is ait Argument o t h e
In and w ithoutbeing all painted like the Antiquity o f the Piace. Nothing; w
Palaces oppofiteto it. T here are Rooms yet fimfh’d of the Ducal Palace, but th .
enough for M o Collegians of good Birth, lett fide, and yet ^ looks^Great. T he
and for the Profeflbrs, Officers and Ser- entrance is under a high Power, into a
vants T here aie affo two Theatres, Court fet about with large Pillars, and
.. ,4 * a little and a great one, well Painted, parting thence into a i«fi,
* ' - * as is the great Hall for Gentleman-like a fmcious S ta tt-p fe ., ^dotn d fro™ , 9
Exerufes" T he Publick Theatre is not to bottom, with good Marble Pill »
very M agm &eat, nor any of the belt in g h T ^ m u ^ t e a t Hall b e f » * e _ l

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600 A Voyage round the W O R L D. Book IV.

ry A _ / 0 Tuefday 18th, fetting out betimes, at titude, and on the Via E m ilia as well
Cemelli. three Miles end I Ferry’d over the R i- as Modena. It is a City o f great A nti-
1699. ver Panaro, Paying a Giulio, and three quicy, ennobl’d by the Archiepilcopal
Miles further, entred upon the T erri- Dignity, and Reiidence o f the Legate
tory o f Bologna, coming to Cafe el Franco, Apoftolick ; famous for its Univerlity,
a Town conilfting of one long Street, Beauty, Bignefs, W ealth, Delightful-
with good Shops ; but there is by it nefs, and number o f Inhabitants, which
a good Fort, with a Garrifon of the amounts to 80000. The Buildings are
Popes. Then going four Miles further, of the bell in Italy, all adorn’d with no-
I din’d at tiie Inn?of Sarnoggia, where the ble Porticos, through which the People
Poll is; and ten Miles from thence, thro’ may always walk under fhelter. T he
a cultivated Country full o f pretty Coun- T ow er call’d Degli Afmelli is very won-
try Houfes, came betimes to Bologna, derful, as well for its crooked Strufture,
and lay at the,Pilgrim’s Inn. Meeting as extraordinary Height. 1 pals by the
here with the Mellenger o f Florence, reft in lilence, having laid enough in
who was to fet out the next Morning, the Firft Volume o f my Travels in
I refolv’d to go with him. Europe.
Bologna. Bologna is feated in 44 degrees of La-

C H A P. VIII.
The Author's Journey from Bologna to Florence, and the D efinition
of that City.

Set out betimes on Wednefday 19 , Florence is fo beautiful, plealant and yiorcnc,

I with the MelTenger ; and after ri- well-built, that in the Opinion o f fo
(ling 1 6 miles among the Appennine great a Prince as Charles the Fifth, it
Mountains, whofe fteepnefs docs not ought to|be fhew’d only upon Holy-days ;
hinder the Country People from lowing for it exceeds the nobleft Cities of lta -
a great deal o f Corn upon them ; we ly in fpacious Streets, magnificent Pala-
ftaid to dine at Lujano. Then conti- ces, Ornament o f ftately Churches, Mag-
nuing our Journey with a violent cold nlficence o f publick Stru&ures, Squares,
W ind that had like feveral times to un- Fountains, and excellent Statues. It is
horfe me, entred upon the Dominions feated in 43 deg. 20 min. Latitude, in a
o f the Great D uke, divided from the Plain encompals’d with Mountains; and
Popes by a Rivulet near the Village o f is faid to have been founded by Sylla’s
Filicaia. W e Ihew’d our Certificate o f Soldiers in the Year 645, after the buil-
Health , which mult of neceflity be ding o f Rome. The Triumvirs made it
brought from Bologna at Pietramala ; a Colony; and after the declining o f the
and at laft came to Firenuuola, after 1 4 Empire, and rife o f the Longobards, be-
miles riding. coming an Imperial free City ; it lb con-
Thurfday 20, we fet out two hours be- tinu’d till 15 3 0 , when it was forced to
fore D a y , the Wind blowing violent fubmit to the Power o f Charles the Fifth,
hard and cold, and with great trouble who created Alexander de Medicis firft
mounted the fix miles to the cop o f the Duke o f Florence. Its compafs at pre-
high Mountain Giogo, which to me feem- fent is about 5 miles, well W all’d, with
ed like sJiolus his C o u rt; all which way, a Ditch about, and a ftrong Caftle, and
atlm all diflances there are fmall Houfes inhabited by near 100000 Souls,
o f Country P eop le, who lead a wild Friday 2 1 , 1 fa w the Collegiate Church
fort of Life. Then we went down fix o f S. Laurence, divided by 14 Pillars in- s. Liu-
miles again to S. Peter a Seve, a Village to three Ifles. Here is the Ducal Chap- rente,
defended by a Fort, and Raid to dine at pel founded by Ferdinand the Third , o f
v the Inn of the Bridge, where we had whofe Magnificence and Stru&ure it is
good Entertainment. Hence we rode better to be filent than fay too little. O f
fix miles of good W ay, all the road fix Tombs only that are to be placed in
from Bologna to Florence being pav’d ; it, only four have been finilh’d in nine-
then alcending a mile, and going down ty Years, fo curious and artificially are
five, we came to the Gate o f Florence, the precious Oriental Stones wrought
where my Trunks were narrowly whereof they are made; by which, a
fearch’d, and my Arms fecur’d before Man may judge of the reft o f the Chap-
I pay’d the Giulio-for Entrance. pel. There is another, in which all the
Subje&s

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Chap.JC. ^ Of I t E W S T A I N . 6&T
Subjcas o f the Family arc buried ; and fee o ff with long rows Q ^ S ^ c B r a f s
T „ V ' l i f ,StaUieS made ^ £he Divine and Garble Statues In the firft room
r^ M .cM afnolo^icm rox*, and three are the Pidures o f the mOft celebrated
o f his oeft Scholars. Painters, drawn by their own hands-
Cathe- I he Cathedral is adorn d on the out- in the p « & feveral Vcffels o f the fineft
dral. fide with a curious Front o f Marble o f Chirm W are, plac’d in excellent order
fcvcral Colours, auii a iquare Tower o f ami in . b e ' S S e “ £ of
a prodigious hnght Within it is di- Toochttone, with ,„o(i curious W o r k
vided into three Ifles by four Pillars manfljipof Flowers Birds ;nd the-
cas'd with Marble. A ll about it there o f other fo m o f ^ s £ S « f f l ? * f t
are excellent Statues, bat the belt are place oh the left hand coding from the
an M am and Eve ; one o f our Saviour, Great Square, they Ihow thirteen <
and of God the Father j the W ork o f boards, full o f Plate curloufly wroughf-
Baicw Bandmellt, a Florentine-, plated in One o f Gold Plates Di files mil
tte Choir »od on , ho High A l i This V effils; a n o t h e ™ d s i S w
Uioir is an OElogon, befet with final 1 Mtefindiums, made by Cofmo de Medicu
PiUars, and other curious Works m m purfuance o f a Vow, feeling fo them
la rule. , , Diamonds, Rubies, and other Drecibn«
S- John's Oppolite to this is the Church ot St. Stones. In another there arc le v c i!
Church, U limit round in the form o f a C V Horfe Furnitures, all cover’d with nre
With t.iree Brafs-gates o f admira- dous Stories; in foch another, a Chair
ble Workmanflup ; over which there adorn’d with Jewels, on which the r l
are nine Statues, three over each, fix o f Duke fits in public* upon S. Jo h X n lv
Brafs and three o f Marble, all incom- to receive Homage o f his subieSs • and
parably fine- In this Church are the in ihc re g , Veffifs o f G<5 d f f i i w
1 ombs or fome Floremm Popes, and ex- o f incomparable Workmanlhip, and o-
Cellent Statues. ther Ram ies o f incftimable Value. In
Going home I pafs d through the new another room they Ihew’d me a Taher
Market, where the Gentry us’d to walk nacie and Autependiom, enrich’d to ad-
* * und.cJ a, .noi ). (: GaIIcry Supported by miration with Oriental Pearls, for the
Marble Pdlars fervice of the Chappel befofo.mention’d!
After Dinner I went to the Piazza In another room there were abundance >
oi Great Square, to fee the Statue o f o f Antiquities in Brafs, and Rarities
a/mo de Me diets on Horfeback , all o f brought from the Indies. A Pillar and
Brafs cxqmf.tiy wrought •, and then the a Table o f very tranfpr-rent Alablafter
G an t’s Fountain, with Brafs Statues a Lamp o f A m k r S i t e d w
about it, and one m the middle o f an Duke o f Saxony ■ a Picture in M ofaUl
exceffivebipefs. Before the Gate o f W ork, and other things o f grelr Va-
the Old Palace, which was the Houfe lae. 6 6 va
o f the common Alfemblies o f the Com- Near this room is the Armor v di-
monwealth m Florence, are two great vided into Four Parts: In the firft
Statues ; one of t hem befog a great Ma- there is Armour and Weapons defeu-
fterpiece, is laid to be Hercules. W ith- five; in the two next, Fire-Arms a, 5
in is a Court with nine Pillars that fop- others o f extraordinary Workrnanlhfo
p o rta vaft high Tower. In the room and the Skeleton o f a Mare ftandine’
above are 16 good tffarftle Stathes, and whofe Hair o f th‘c Main and T ail are
fix great Pieces, on which the Conquefts Ihewn, being four Yards Ions In the
or Siena, Pifa, and Other Cities o f the fa it, there are Horfe-Furnitures and
State is painted.bj- art able Mafter. Op- Tiirkijh Arms wrought With Gold Sil-
polite to this Palace is another, where ver and precious Stones
the Great Duke’S Guards live • and in In the great Room is the fo famoir
ns Porutso there are two curious Bfals Statue of Femes, call’d o f the Medicis
S l« « ,„ d „„c o f M urbl, made in < W , * „
r- r i , d^ tVHIce bcforc feeathe Years lince, with five other excellent
C. tJuke’s Great Duke s Gallery, yet I would go Statues. Befides this, a Cabinet fer. with
Gallery, again a third tune. This is compos’d o f preriops Stones; a Nighc-piece drawn
rows o f ntf way contemptible Building by a Dutch-man, fo which is painted a
upon the River Arno, which runs thfoifgh Woman with a Candle fo her Hand
,,, the rfoclil of the City m one o f which which gives it fuch a Light that it is
7 the Duke s Artificers w o rk, and he wonderful; another Piece of Mofaicli
keeps his Armory ; and ni the other his W ork made not long.fince by a French-
Ratines are k e p t; both o f themare man-, a large Head made o f one only
Vol’ IV’ Gggg Turkey

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602 A Voyage round the W O R L D. Book IV

P v A - ^ 1 Turkey Stone ^ and abundance of other
G ern elli. things worth obferving, which I omit
r699- for brevity fake; beildes the Shape o f
( / V > J the Great Duke’s prodigious Diamond
Weighing 552 Grains.
Going into the other room, I faw moll
txcellent Pictures; a Table o f Lapis
Lazjtli, ingenioufly inlay’d with other
Stones } a Cabinet made in G erm an y ,
with wonderful painting on Lapis L a -
uUi, reprefencing all the Hiltory o f the
Old and New Telfament, and within it
is kept great Curiofities in W ax, and
white and yellow Amber.
In one of the other two Rooms, there
are Pictures o f great Value, and a Cabi-
net made o f Eaft Country Wood 3 a
fmall Table o f Jafper Stone, with feve-
ral precious Stones fet in i t } and feve-
ral embroider’d Chairs brought from
Vcrfia. In the other, there are Maps,
Spheres, and other Mathematical Inftru-
ments; and an extraordinary Loadftone,
and a great piece o f Lignum Aloes. T h e
Eaft Country Stones delign’d to be cu-
rioufly wrought, are below in a great
R o o m , where are alfo the Skins o f
Elephants, and other ftrange Crea-
tures.
Saturday 22, T went over a Stone-
Ptlace. bridge to fee the Great Duke’s Palace,
feated on the farther Bank o f the R iver
Arno. In the Court is a {lately Foun-
tain*, up the Stairs on the right hand,
are the Princefles Lodgings, with curi-
ous Statues at the Entrance: On the
left the Great Duke’s, with Statues al-
fo, in whofe fecond Room there is a
way on the one fide to his own Apart-
ment, hung with Crimfon Velvet, frin-
ged with G o ld ; and on the other, to
the Prince’s, hung with T ap iltry T T h en
I went to the Garden , which is very
large, and on the left hand found de-
lightful Fountains, a Plat o f Mirtle cu-
riouily cut, and a Park with a great
Statue o f the Goddefs Ceres in the mid-
die. On the right hand there were Cop-
fes, and at the toot o f the Hill a Foun-
tain call’d T h e JJland^ in which there are
excellent Statues, and clofe by Rooms
with feveral Beafts, and Birds Ihut up
in them.
Hence I went to the Church o f S. M i- s Mckael.
chael, which is a fquare Building very
ftrong and high, all o f Marble. Witbin
it there are 14 excellent Statues, fome
ofBrafs, and fome o f Stone, and four
Altars curioufly adorn’d. Returning
home I met with a Florentin , who had
but one Finger in each hand, and told
me he had two Brothers born with the
fame Imperfedion, and one o f them had
but two Toes on each Foot,
Sunday 2 3 , I faw the Great Duke’s ce-
lebrated Library, preferv’d in a large
Room o f the JMonaltery o f S. Laurence
Over the Gate appears a noble Front
made by the diredion of the renowned’
Statuary Buonarota. T he chief value
o f the Library confifts in above 3000
Manfucripts in feveral Languages: and
among the re/t they told me, there was
a Hebrew Bible , for which the Jews
would have given the Great Duke 70000
Crowns, he having taken it from them,
This precious Treafure o f Manufcripts
was gather’d by Pope Clement the Se-
venth o f the Houfe o f Medicis, he having
the good fortune to get very many be-
longing to the Library o f Conftami-
nople.

CHAP. IX.
The Author's 'Journey from Florence to Rome.

H
Aving hir’d a Calafh to Rome for before D ay, and riding 14 miles, came
12 riaftres, I went along with by break o f Day to Siena. Thisandent siettt
the Meffenger, who fet out on Sunday City is longer than it is broad, feated *
23 before Noon ; we travell’d along on an A fcent, the Buildings few but
Hills and Mountains naturally barren, good, the third part o f it bein'* full o f
hut made fruitful by the induftry of the Orchards and Vineyards. It is inhabited
Florentines, who make ufe o f all Excre- by a confpicuous Nobility, which in all
ments to improve the ground. Being times has produced Cardinals, and fome-
palled the Caltle of Barberim, where times Popes. The Cathedral is cover’d
the Lords Barberinos o f Rome have a both infide and out fide with black ai.d
Farm in memory of their Original, and white Marble, befides many Statues and
making our whole Day’s Journey 21 Carv’d W ork. From the Gate appear
m iles, we lay at Poggibonai, a wall’d three beautiful and fpacious lfles, divi-
1 °J°- t „ , ded by above 30 Pillars, cas’d in black
He let out on Monday 24, five hours and white Marble. The Pulpit is held
op

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Chap.2t 0/ N £
( V ^ up by 12 Columns, and all curioufly
Cemelli. carv’d about in Figures, nothing inferior
1 699. to the curious Statues about the Church,
The Font is in the fine Chappel o f S.
John Baptifi. Adjoining to the Church,
Oppolite to it, are the Princes and Arch-
bilhops Pallaces 3 and in the great
Square, that o f the Senate, with a T ow er
ot a great height, and a handfom Foun-
tain. W e traveled 18 miles after Din-
ner, through a well cultivated Country,
tho’ not plain, where we met extraor-
dinary beautiful Country Women, with
great Straw-hoods on their Heads. This
Night we lay at the Cattle o f Turrineri,
and the Inn which is the Poft-houfe.
Tuefday 25, going out two hours be-
fo reD ay, we did nothing but go up and
down Hills with Rain and Fog, and at
the end of 18 miles came to the Inn o f
Radicofani, fo call’d o f the Village o f
that Name. The Rain continuing, we
went down that high Mountain for fix
miles to the Valley and River o f Riego,
which we crofs’d eight times, and not
without danger, by reafon o f the Flood,
A little further ends the Territory o f
the Great Duke at the River Centino,
whence we went to lye at Aquapendente,
the firft C ity o f the Patrimony o f the
Church, 14 miles from Redicofani.
Wednesday 26 , A fter nine miles ri-
ding we din’d at the ToWn o f Bolfena,
not being able to go farther, becaufe o f
the Cold and Snow that fell. This place
is on the Bank o f a great Lake, inwhich
there are two Iflands. Then palling thro’
the City o f Montefiafcone, at the end o f
18 miles more, we lay at the City V i-
terbo. which is three miles in compafs.
'Thurfday 27, W e firft went 5 miles
up a frozen Mountain, and at the end
o f as many more came Ihivering to dine
at Ronclgltone, a good T ow n , feated on
the Clifts o f a Mountain. Then we ad-
vanc’d 15 miles, and lay at the Inn o f
Baccareo, a bad place for Strangers.
Friday 28, Riding 15 miles, we came
to Rome.
W IT p ' a /V
ibmr, the Queen o f Cities and Head -tomf.
of the YVorld , is feated in L nti-
urn in 4 1 deg. 40 min. Latitude 3 tho’
the Vatican Suburb is in Tufcany, and Is
water’d by the Tyber, which comes iii
at theNorth end and runs out at the South
towards Ojjia. It is fuppos’d to have been
founded, and fo call’d by Romulus, the
Son o f Rhea S ilvia , defeended from
Eneas about the end o f the lixth Olyin­
piad, 753 Years before the Birth o f
Chrift. Romulus at firft wall’d in only
the Palatine H ill3 then that of the Ca-
pitol was added, and in following Ages
it grew to that bignefs, that in the Reign
o f the Emperor Aurelianus it was about
13 miles in compafs. Augujlus divided
it into ^ R e g io n s,o r Wards. But why
do I take upon me to fpeak o f Rome,
which by its Adions has rendred it felf
glorious and immortal throughout the
W orld , infomuch that he lcarce de-
ferves the Name o f Man, who has not
fome knowledge o f its Profperity and
Adverfity. It will fuffice to fay, that"
tho’ it is not in its antient Splendor*
yet the very Ruins tettifie what it has
been 3 and the modern Strudures are
not fo mean, but that they render it
preferable to any other the moft famous
City. For, where can there be found
fuch magnificent Churches, fuch fumptu-
ous Palaces, fuch noble Streets, fuch
delightful Gardens, and fuch pleafant
Fountains? Not to fpeak of the won-
derful Painting and Carving. TheCourE
m ayb e call’d the Miftrefs o f others in
Europe, and is the belt Theatre, on
which that the Multitude call Fortune,
ads her part, and lhews her viciflitude.
I will fpeak all its Glory in a word 3 It
is the Seat o f the true and lawful Sue-,
ceffor o f S. Peter 3 that is, the Head o f
the W orld, no lefs than it was in Paf-
fages 3 for it is not to be accounted
a lefs Honour, but rather much greater,
to rule the fpiritual and nobler part
o f Man, than to fubdue their Bodies by
force o f Arms.

CHAP* X.
The Voyage round the World concluded at Naples; with fome Ac­
count of that City.

Aturday 29, I fet out betimes, and place, with the Pope’s Statue in Brafs, is
S travelling 20 miles lay at Velletin, a very beautiful,
longilh open City, feated on a Mountain. Sunday 30, we paid a Giulio at the
The Houfes and Streets are convenient Gate for each Trunk 3 and riding 14
enough, and the Fountain in the Market- miles, ftaid to dine at Sermaneta , a
Vol. IV . G g g g 2 Tow n

•v. a • . I I fe t 1
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604 A Voyage mind the W O R L D. Book IV.
C V A -/1 Town belonging to the Duke of that Friends, who were come 001 to honour
Gemelii. Name, feted on the top o f a H ill, m e; and after mutual Embraces we took
1590. where we were forced to pay T o ll Coach, and proceeding four miles far-
C -y v again. Then we rode 13 miles on a ther, entred the long raifh’d for City o f
bad way, and came to lodge at Piperno, Naples : And thus I finifil’d my Jemmy,
a Town ill wall'd, on the tides o f a Hill, round the W orld, having (pent in it
which in former Ages made W ar up- 5 Years 5 Months and 20 Days-, upon
ou Rome. the Feftival of S. Franck Xaverhts, the
Monday the firft of December, having Apoftlc o f the Indies, and Prote&or of
travell’d 15 miles, we din’d at Terraci- Travellers. For the Reafons mention’d
m , the laffc City of the Pope’s Domini- in the beginning o f the Fifth Volume, i
o n s, enclos’d with an old W all, and did not reckon Wednefd*y the 3d by
fe te d on the tide o f a Hill, Going 10 Tharfday the 4th of December 1698, and
miles farther, we lodg’d that night in and con fiden tly 2 1 Days above the 5
the City of Fondi in the Kingdom o f Months. I fpeift above five Months in
Naples. It is famousfor being the place o f iatisfying the Curiofity o f feveral Peo-
the Birth o f Pope Sorer, for being ruin’d p ie ; till they having enough o f me, as
by Barborajfa in 15 3 4 , and for its An- isufual, I was deliver’d from their im-
tiquity ; lor in the Year 4 2 1, after the portutiity.
Foundation o f Rome, it was in amity Naples is feated upon that Bay made
with chc: Romans. It is reported, that by the two Capes or Promontories o f
Clement the Seventh, the Anti-pope, re- M inerva and Mifernm, in 4 1 deg. 2 min.
lided here fometime in the Reign o f Latitude. On the Eaft o f it is Mount
/ Queen jokbna the Second. Ftfitvias, and the fruitful Plains o f Ter-
Setting out early on Tuefday the 2d, ra de Lavora, or Campania Felix. T o-
we came before Noon to M oladi Gaeta, wards the South it looks upon the Tyr-
known formerly by the Name o f For- rhene Sea, and looks like a great Shell
mU. After Dinner we ferry’d over the enclos'd with fruitful and delicious
River 0 angliano, and having rode 18 Banks.
miles, lay at S. Agata di Seffa. Short o f This City (according to the moft
the R iver are the Ruins o f a very anti- probable Opinion,) was founded by B r ­
ent Theatre, and other Structures, ruin’d melius Phallus, the Son at Alton, who
by A g e ; and at a final! diftance a very was one o f the Argonauts, and confe-
long AquedutI, perhaps belonging to the qnently before the deftruftion o f Troy,.
antient Mintetma. ' Partheuopc, the Daughter o f the King ft -
Wednefday 3, we fet forwards four ra, coming hither out o f Negrcpmt with
hours before Day by T o rch -lig h t; and a number o f Greeks , and being taken
tlapiM. came to dine at the City Capua, near the with the delightfulnefs of the Place, let-
River Vulturnus, whofe Banks are join’d led at Phderm i, and began to enlarge
by a fine Stone-Bridge. This City is cm- it, fo that the City afterwards was call’d
clos’d with a good Wall, and defended by her Name. N ow beaufe Velleyus Pa-
by a Caftie. Some think it was founded terculm^ lib. 1. fays , that Naples was
by Capii Silvim , King o f Alba, and 0- built by the Camara-, f guefi the anti-
thers o f the Ofcans, by whom it was ent PhalerUmox Partbcftope, tbdiffmguifh
call’d Ofca. It was detefted and reduced it from the new City, was afterwards
to Servitude by the Romans, for having call’d PkMb'olk, ( whatsoever Lipfius fays
entertain’d Hannibal, who was debauch’d o f its being founded by the Cumani,)
by its Pieafnres and then came to be a and o f this place, I conceive the Hifto-
Colony, tho’ it had before v y’d with rian fpoke thefe words, Sed aliis diligen-
Carthaoe and Rome it felf. It was de- ter Rim sJ.atrii manfn cufeodia. T he o*
ftroy’d*by GetiJericas King o f the Tan- thers diligently kept up the cuftom o f
dais, rebuilt by Narfes, and again fub- their Country. That i s , the cuftom
verted by the Longobards, A t prefent mention’d by Strabc, o f Sports by Lamp*
it Hands on the ground, where the an- light, and the like. It is alfo to be ob-
tient Caftlinum is reported to haveflood, ferv’d from what has been laid, that tho’
and the Ruins of the Old One are to be Palepolis and Naples were neighbouring
feen two miles to the Northward on the Cities, and almoit one fame People; yet
Hill call’d Ttfdta. Riding eight miles there was fome difference as to their
after Dinner through delicious Plains, Manners ; nor were they fo near, but
we came to Avtrj'a, (thought to be built that there was at 1eaft a mile diftance
out o f the Ruins o f Atelia,) and four between them : For L ivy tells us, that
miles from thence I began to meet my the Confuls L . Cornelias and Q. Puktic’nu
befieging

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1 _ ••• . .— . rf.-aiJU fci jL . • . V- •- -I .. . r , ••

X X X X /X

1 1 1 (si,
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Chap.x! of n sW
Y
r y v - p befieging Palepolis, a City in Leag-ue and Gonaalo de Cordove, call’d the Great
Gemellt. with the Samnites about the Year 4.26, Captain, had the Fortune quite to ex-
1699- after the building of Rome., placed their pel the French about the Year 1503.
Army between it and Naples, that the Joanna, the Daughter o f Ferdinand, and
Neapolitans might not relieve ic. ’Tis Mother to Charles the Fifth, inheriting,
true, we cannot tell which are the Re- the Kingdom devolv’d to the Houfe of
mains ol Palepolis 3 but yet they are ve- Aufiria.
ry blind who feek for them within the So many Wars and Changes of Go*
compafs of Naples; as my learned Friend vernment are the caufe that the antient
Dr. Matthew Egiccio, to whom I am ob- Naples is fcarce to be found in the Mo-
lig’d for thefe Conjectures, has much dern ■, but having been often enlarg’d,
reafon to fay. it is now grown to that degree, that the
This City has run through feveral compafs of its Walls is almolt ten miles 3
Forms of Government. At firlt it was and that ofall the Suburbs included is 21
under the Athenian Laws, whilit a Con- miles and a quarter, containing above
federate of the Romans ; but afterwards 500000 Inhabitants. It has nine Gates
it fubmitted to their Powers, and re- on the Land-fide, and 1 5 towards the
ceiv’d Laws as a Colony. The Empire Sea. There are three Cattles well pro-
being overthrown in 4 12 , it fnffer’d by vided wich Cannon and Soldiers, for that
the Goths , and in 45 6 by the Vtndals. of Capuana does not deferve the Name,
Then ic fell under the Dominion of the and at prefent only the Courts meet
Greek Emperors in 490, then under the there.
Heruli, and after them under the Oflro- I Ihould be furnifh’d with thegreateft
goths, from whom it was taken in 5 37 Eloquence, to give an account of the ex-
by Belifariw. After him Attila, King cellency of the Country this noble City
of the Goths, took and kept ic 18 Years, is feated in, and of the worth of the In-
and then it was again brought under habitants; but I am not capable of fuch
the Greek Emperors by NarJ'es. It con- an Undertaking: Befides, there is no
tinu'd a long time in the nature of a antient or modern Writer that does not
Commonwealth, and held out a Siege a- extol the Beauty and Fruitfulnefs of its
gainft the Saracens, tho’ reduc’d to great Hills and Plains, the Delicacy of its Wa-
Extremicies, molt of the Inhabitants be- ter, the Excellency of its Wines, the
ing deftroy’d. At length in 112 8 , it Rarity of its Fruit, the Plenty of Flow-
fubmitted to Roger, the third Norman ers, and in fhortall that isgooddifpers’d
Duke of /icjudeia, who had the Title of throughout the World, found together
King given him by Anacletus the Anti- in this place ; not to mention the Charms
pope. The Norman Line being extind, of its Gardens, and the Delights of its
the Snevians came next in 119 5, the laft Pojilipo. This is fufficicntly evinc’d by
King of whom call’d Manfred being flam its having been chofen for its Habitation
in Battel by Charles the Firlt of Anjou ; by thcdeareft Sons of the Mufes, asF'i'r-
this fame Charles was declar’d King o f g il the Prince of Poets, Statius, Livy, Ho-
Naples by Pope Clement the Fourth ; and race, Claudian, Silius Italicus, and many
fome time after he Ihed all that was left more in the following Ages ; from them
of the Suevian Blood,.cauling the unhap- the Neapolitans feem to have inherited
py Conradin to be beheaded in the Mar- a natural Inclination to the molt Noble
ket-place. Eight Kings of this Family and delightful Studies,
ruled the Kingdom; and Joanna the Se- If we regard its Situation, the City
cond being at laft lefc Heirefs, flie adop- looks like a noble Theacre riling gra­
ted AljonJo King of Aragon -, who in dually along the fides of the neigh-
1442 having overthrown the Fadion of bouringHills on the North-fide of it; if
Renee Duke of Anjou, took Naples by the the Streets, they are excellently pav’d
way of the Aquedu&s, and remain’d with Pebbles, and wide enough ; if the
peaceably poflefs’d of it. Five of the Fa- Pallaces and publick Buildings, there is
mily of Aragon reign’d, till Frederick the a vaft number of them, and all magnifi-
laft of them was expell’d by the French cently adorn’d with Gilding and Paint-
and Spaniards, who had agreed to his ing, not to mention their Simmetry and
Ruin to divide the Kingdom. But there noble Architedure. On the other hand,
being no lafting Friendlhip between dif- no City in Europe has fuch noble Spirits,
ferent Tempers, and Sovereignty being and Families fo greatly defeended ; and
an indivifible Point; ibon after, King ic is hard to decide, whether there are
Lewis the T w elfth, and King Ferdi- more great Scholars, or Noble Men. So
nand’s Commanders fell at variance ; many famous Men have been bred up
in

\ LO° \ 1
ii
w m tl•■
606 A Voyage round the VV O R
rvA A in its Schools, that o f their W orks alone
Gtm tlli. might be made a large and com pleat
i <599 - Library i were not there a great neg-
o-'-V 'V J left in publifhing the worthy Labours o f
tlieLeafned, and yet for what tealbn no
Man knows. It isan addition to its Frai-
fes, that even the Provinces fubordinate
to fo glorious a M etropolis, do and
Men brought forth Men, famous for
Learning m all Ages \ arid not to menti-
on Setlttjf, born diAm iternum , now A f ii-
la -■> O vid at Sulmo Ennius at Rudia near
Leu? , PkvM s in Capua } pacuvms at
firin difr, Horace at Zmofkp, Juvenal at
A 'juintm , and many more ; M agna C ra-
cia alone, now known by the Name o f
Calabria , may f'urnijfh a whole V o-
lume. It is moft certain, that if Italy
is hoiioui able for W ifdom, it thence
took its O rig in al: For, who is there
that does not know, how far- the Pytha-
gprean Philofophy fpread there, being
cal Pd by another Name Itakca r And i f
Pytbagoots teaching at Coiron, hadfome-
times boo Scholars, aud nonew as ever
admitted id his School but what had a
conieiy Fielence, ^j'd a Genius fit. for
Piiiloiophy, who can deny but that foon
affer, a great num bprof notable Philo-
fopherS liv’d about i n W Villages ? Ci-
cero tegs us, that. Divine W it inftru&*
ed all Italy in all forts o f Learning: But
if we attentively read the J>,mii,u-.s C a
cidnfns, where he fpeaks o f the Pythago-
rean Seft, we lhail find it was a! moft all
tnade up o f People ol Calabria. I will
not argue, whether Pythagoras was born
in Samos o f Greece, as is generally be-
liev’d, or in that o f Calabria, as Thee-
F I
' f*l„ i M ' p in {i 1 ' ' '| ;
if ' ' ^
\
I f in -
f ■ ' ■■; V ■ ' ... _ _ ................................-
% l
L D, Book IV.
doret affirms; tho’ Plutarch makes him
oi Locus, perhaps becaufe Samos was in
the T errito ry o f Loads. But no body
can deny, that (n o t to mention others
Id s famous,) thele that follow were CW- *
labriam o f Reggio, viz. Teeteus, to whom
Plato directed his Dialogue of W ifdom ;
Tim m s, Matter to Plato | Tbeogenes„ the
firft Expofitor o f Homer 5 AriJUdes-, Par*
m tiid p , M dijfus-, A rc hita ■, Zeno •, and
Zdeuats, the great Fbilbfopher and Le-
gillato r; and alio Xenocrates, an heroick
Poet and Mufician ; Steficorus, a Lyrick
Poet j A lexides, another Lyrick Poet 5
Orpheus, the writer o f the Argonautica ,
for Orpheus the Thracian, who flourifh’d
before the Trojan W ar, could not make
mention o f K in g Alcinous, who liv’d full
300 Years after j Menander the Come-
dian \ and the famous Philolam, whofe
Books were bought by the Divine Plato
for yoM ina ofAlexandria. O f later tunes,
what Country has not caufe to envy
Calabria, for having brought forth Caf*
fiodoms, Giamts Parrafas , Coriolam sj
M artrianus, Pomponius Eetus, S e ra n ’inus,
Antony T ek ji, and Sem rio Q m m im m i;
and now in our Days M arco A unlio St­
verntti, ant! Tommafi Cornelia, the refto-
rers o f Learning and Philofophy ? But
perhaps 1 have proceeded too far upon
this Sufajed, and I fear I may have tir’d
l the R eader with my unpolilh’d Difcourfe,
It is fit therefore, that jince the Voyage
round the W orld is now ended, he ap-
ply hitnfelf to more profitable Studies 5
and that I put a period to the Labour
o f W riting, which 1 look upon as not
inferior to that o f Travelling.
N I S.
7
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