SHAPES OF ATOMIC ORBITALS:

s-orbital
l=0
m=0
orbitals have only one orientation
They are spherically symmetrical about the nucleus.
As the value of n increases, the size of the s-orbital
increases. 2s orbital is bigger than 1s. 3s is bigger than 2s.
In 2s and 3s, there is a region where probability of finding
the electron is zero, it is called as node.
Shape of p-orbitals
For p-orbitals (l = 1), there are three possible
orientations corresponding to m = 1, 0, +1 values.
These are designated as px, py and pz
dumbell shape with two equal lobes
The two lobes are separated by a plane having zero
electron density. Such a plane is called nodal plane.
Shape of d-orbitals
For d-orbital (l = 2), there are five possible
orientations corresponding to m = 2, 1, 0, +1, +2.
There are five orbitals in each d-subshell
These are designated as dxy, dyz, dzx, dx2– y2 and dz2.
First three have double dumbbell shape (four lobes) in
xy, yz and xz plane respectively.
The has also four lobes along the x and y axes.
is dumbbell shaped with dough-nut shaped ring of high
electron density in xy plane.