RELATIVE VELOCITY

RELATIVE VELOCITY
LEVEL-V 6. A man standing on a road has to hold his
umbrella at 370 with vertical to keep the
SINGLE CORRECTANSWER QUESTIONS rain away. He throws the umbrella and
starts running at 12 km/h. He finds that
1. A sailor in a boat, which is going due east rain drops are falling on his head
with a speed of 8m/s observes that a vertically. Find the speed ( in km/hr) of
submarine is heading towards north at a raindrops w.r.t the moving man
speed of 12 m/s and sinking at a rate of 2 a) 12km/hr b) 14 km/hr
m/s. The commander of submarine c) 16km/hr d) 18 km/hr
observes a helicopter ascending at a rate
of 5 m/s and heading towards west with 4 7. A block of mass m is floating in a river
m/s. Find the actual speed of the helicopter flowing with a velocity of 2m/s. A boat is
with respect to boat. moving behind the block with a velocity of 5
a) 10m/s b) 11m/s c) 12m/s d) 13m/s m/s with respect to the block as shown. From
2. Two boats, A and B, move away from a the boat a stone is thrown with a velocity
buoy anchored at the middle of a river
along the mutually perpendicular straight v  v i  v j  v k with respect to the river
1 2 3
lines. The boat A along the river and the such that it hits the block. If
boat B across the river, having moved off
an equal distance from the buoy the boats v1 : v2 : v3  2 3 : 2 : 3 then the velocity of the
returned. What is the ratio of times of stone with respect to the ground is (g= 10m/
motion of boats A / B if the velocity of s2 )
each boat with respect to water is  = 1.2
times greater than the stream velocity.
a) 1.5 b) 1.6 c) 1.7 d) 1.8
3. A boat moves relative to water with a
velocity which is n = 2.0 times less than
the river flow velocity. At what angle to the
stream direction must the boat move to
minimize drifting.  10 j  5 3 k 12i  10 j  5 3 k
a) 450 b) 600 c) 1200 d) 900 a) 10i  b)
3 3
4. Two bodies were thrown simultaneously
from the same point one, straight up , and  10 j  5 3 k
the other, at an angle of  =60 0 to the c) 10i  10 j  5 3 k d) 10 3 i 
3
horizontal. The initial velocity of each body 8. XY shows a horizontal plane (gravity is in –
is equal to v 0  25m / s. Neglecting the air ve z direction). Two projectiles have been
drag, find the distance between the bodies thrown from (5,0,0) and (0,10,0) at some
t =1.70 s later. angle  from horizontal with same speed u.
a) 20m b) 18m c) 22m d) 24m The path of one particle as seen from the
5. A motorboat has a speed of 5 m/s. At time other is
t =0, its position vector relative to a origin
y
 
is 11iˆ  16ˆj m, having the aim of getting
as close as possible to a steamer. At time t (0,10,0)

=0, the steamer is at the point 4iˆ  36jˆ m
and is moving with constant velocity
x
 
10iˆ  5jˆ m/s. Find the direction in which z (5,0,0)
the motorboat must steer (A) parabola (B) straight line
a) 3i+3j b) 3i+4j c) 4i+3j d) 4i+4j (C) circle (D) depends on  and u.
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9. The front windscreen of a car is inclined at 13. A boat is moving with velocity v = 2m/s w.r.t.
an angle 30º with the horizontal. Hailstones river at an angle  = 30. Velocity of river
fall vertically downwards with a speed of is u = 4 m/s. A man at the bank is moving
with velocity v0 as shown in figure. Boat is
5 3 m/s. The speed of the car so that
moving perpendicularly to the bank w.r.t. the
hailstones are bounced back by the screen
in vertically upward direction with respect man then v­0 is
to car is (Assume elastic collision of
hailstones with wind screen) C
(A) 20 m/s (B) 10 m/s (C) 15 m/s (D) 5 m/s
10. A river of width d is flowing with a velocity u
u. A person starts from point A. He always V 
try to keep himself along y axis. Speed of
man w.r.t. to river at any position is given by
D V0
v  k y (k  +ve constant). Time taken A
by man to cross the river is (Assume that at A) 1 m/s B) 2 m/s C) 3 m/s D) 4 m/s
t = 0, y = 0)
d d 2 d 2d MULTIPLE ANSWER QUESTIONS
(A) (B) 2 (C) (D)
k k k k
11. In the given diagram a river is flowing at 14. A projectile of mass m is fired into a liquid
the constant speed of 3 m/s. A person which at an angle 0 with an initial velcity v 0 as
swims at a speed of 3 3 m / s crosses the shown. If the liquid develops a frictional or
drag resistance on the projectile which is
river along path AB as seen by observer of
proportional to its velcoity, i.e.,F= -kv
on ground. The total time of taken in this
where k is a positive constant
process is
y

v0
50 100
(A) sec (B) sec 0 x
3 3
(C) 50 3 sec (D) 100 3 sec a) The horizontal velocity is u x  v 0 cos 
12. In a lake, stream flow direction is shown in k
 t
the figure which is same every where. A man e m
starting from the point P on the bank wants
to move to the other bank in shortest time. b) The horizontal velocity is u x  v 0 sin 
He should swim 
m
t
Q R Bank e k
c) The vertical velocity is
Strea m k
m  k  mt 
vy   v 0 sin  0  g  e  g
P
k  m  
B ank
d) The maximum distance travelled in
A) along PQ B) along PR
C) in a direction in-between PQ and PR mv 0 cos 0
xm 
D) in all cases he would reach at the same time k
 RELATIVE VELOCITY
15. A man in a boat crosses a river from point Comprehension-II
A. If he rows perpendicular to the bank he A river of width ‘a’ with straight parallel banks
reaches point C(BC=120m) in 10 minutes. flows due north with speed u. The points O
If the man heads at a certain angle  to and A are on opposite banks and A is due east
the straight line AB (AB is perpendicular of O. Coordinate axes Ox and Oy are taken in
to the banks)against the current he the east and north directions respectively. A
reaches point B in 12.5 minutes. boat, whose speed is v relative to water, starts
from O and crosses the river. If the boat is
B C steered due east and u veries with x as
v
u  x  a  x  2 find
a
 v w 19. equation of trajectory of the boat
x x2 x 2 x3
a) y   b) y  
A a 2a 2a 3a 2
x 2 x3 x 2 x3
a) The width of the river is 300m c) y   2 d) y  
b) The width of the river is 200m a a a 3a 2
c) The rowing velocity is 20m/min 20. Time taken to cross the river
d) The rowing velocity is 30m/min a v 2a 2v
a) b) c) d)
16. A motor boat is to reach at a point 30 v a v a
upstream on other side of a river flowing with 21. The direction of absolute velocity of boat
velocity 5 m/s. Velocity of motor boat with man when he reaches the opposite bank
respect to water is 5 3 m/sec. The driver a) west b)south c)east d) north
Comprehension-III
should steer the boat at an angle of A car waiting at a traffic light starts to move
(A) 30 up w.r.t. the line of destination fro the with a constant acceleration of 2.0 m/s2 when
starting point the light turns green. Two second later, a truck
(B) 60 up w.r.t. normal to the bank moving in the same direction passes the light at
(C) 150 w.r.t. stream direction a constant speed of 25 m/s and soon passes
(D) none of these the car. Soon the car passes the truck.
22. How long after the car starts do the two
COMPREHENSION TYPE QUESTIONS overtaking occur
a) 0.17 sec,20 sec b) 0.19sec, 21 sec
Comprehension - I c) 0.18sec,20 sec d) 0.2sec,21sec
A motor cyclist is riding North in still air at 36 23. How far from the light does each overtake
km h1 . The wind starts blowing West ward with take place
a) 4.8m, 525m b) 5.2m,520m
a velocity 18 km h1 c) 5.5m,500m d) 5.8m,520m
17. The direction of apparent velocity is Comprehension-IV
a) tan1 1/2 West of North A car is moving towards south with a speed of
20 ms-1. A motorcyclist is moving towards east
b) tan1 1/2 North of West with a speed of 15 ms-1. At a certain instant,
c) tan1 1/2 East of North the motorcyclist is due south of the car and is
at a distance of 50m from the car.
d) tan1 1/2 North of East 24. The shortest distance between the
18. If the wind velocity becomes 36 km h1 due motorcyclist and the car is
West, then how much more distance the a) 10m b) 20m c) 30m d) 40m
motor cyclist would cover in 10 min 25. The time after which they are closest to
each other
a) 10 min b) 1.8 km c) 3.6 km d) 8.5 km
a) 1/3s b) 8/3s c) 1/5s d) 8/5s
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MATRIX MATCHING TYPE Comprehension Type

17) A 18) B 19)B 20)A
26. Vr , Vw , Vm are the velocities of rain, wind 21)C 22)B 23)A 24)C
and man are given in Column-I Vrm in 25)D
Column-II match Column-I withColumn-II Matrix Match Type
Column-I Column-II 26) a-q,b-r,c-p,d-s
a) V r  5 j, V w  5i, V m  0 p) Vrm  10 j Integer Type
27) 4 28) 8 29) 2
b) V r  5j, V w  5i, V m  5i
q) Vrm  5i  5 j LEVEL - V
c) V r  5 j, V w  5i  5 j, V m  5i
HINTS & SOLUTIONS
r) Vrm  5 j
d) V r  5j, V w  5i  5j, s) Vrm  10i  10 j 1. Let us take î along east ˆj along north and k̂
vertically downwards
V m  5i  ˆ v  12ˆj  2kˆ
Now given, v  8i, b sb

INTEGER TYPE Absolute velocity of submarine,

  
vs  vsb  v b  8iˆ  12ˆj  2kˆ
27. A ball falls freely from a height h=1 m onto
an inclined plane forming an angle  = 300 Further

with the horizon. Find the range (in meter) v hs  4iˆ  5kˆ
down the inclined plane between first two   
successive collisions. Consider the impacts vh  vhs  vs  12iˆ  12jˆ  3kˆ
between the ball and the plane to be   
absolutely elastic. v hb  v h  v b  4iˆ  12ˆj  3kˆ
28. Two ships are 10km apart on the west east  2 2 2
line at some instant, the first one steaming v hb  4  12    3   13m / s
to the east at 30km h-1 and the second one
to the north at 40km h-1 . What is the 2.
closest approach between them in km l l
29. Three points are located at the vertices of 
A vA  v r vA  v r
an equilateral triangle whose sides equal 
to a =3m. They all start moving B 2l
simultaneously with speed v =1 m/s, with v B cos 
the first point heading continually for the
second, the second for the third, and the Here v B  v A   v r
third for the first. How soon will the ponits vr
meet? sin  
vB +
LEVEL-V 2
KEY v 2B  v2r  v r   v12 2  1
cos    
vB v r 
Single Answer Type
1)D 2)D 3)C 4)C l l 1 l
 
5)C 6)C 7) B 8) B A v A  v r v A  v r    1 v r    1 v r
 
9) C 10) C 11) A 12) A B 2l 2l
13) C v B cos  2
  1v r
Multi Answer Type
2l 2  1v r 
14)ACD 15)BC 16) ABC    1.8 .
2lv r    1
2
2  1
 RELATIVE VELOCITY
3. From (i) and (ii) we get Velocity of steamer is

x   v cos   v r  t 0 S  10iˆ  5jˆ
  
l BS  B  S   a  10  ˆi   b  5  ˆj
x   v cos   vr     
v sin  Now B  BS or B .BS  0
vr
Here v= , vr  nv or a  a  10   b  b  5   0 ..(1)
n
But we know that speed of the motorboat is
v cos   nv  cos   n  5 m/s, so
x l  l
v sin   sin   a 2  b 2  25 ...(2)
Solving (1) and (2), we get
x   cot   ncosec   l a = 0 or 4
For minimum drifting when a = 0, b=-5 and a=4, b=3 Hence either
 
dx
 0    1200   5jˆ or   4iˆ  3jˆ
B B
d However a diagram shows that when
 
4. At t  0, rorel  0 B  5jˆ , the motorboat is moving further
The initial velocity of first particle is away from the steamer. So
 
u  v ˆj (along y-axis)
1 0   4iˆ  3jˆ
B
The initial velocity of second particle is ii) Now at time t
 
u 2  v 0 cos iˆ  v 0 sin ˆj   
rB   11iˆ  16ˆj  4iˆ  3jˆ t 
 
u rel = relative velocity of first body with resepct   
and rS  4iˆ  36ˆj  10iˆ  5jˆ t 
to second body If the motorboat can reach the steamer, there
   
u  u   v  v sin   ˆj  v cos ˆi
1 2 0 0 0 is a value of t for which rB  rS
The acceleration of first body is equating the coefficient of î , we get t = -5/2

a1  gjˆ negative time implies that the motorboat can
 not ever reach the steamer.
Similarly a 2  gjˆ y
  (4,36)
a rel  0 (-11,16) 10iˆ  5jˆ
After time t = 1.7 second, 4iˆ  3jˆ
   x
Seperation is srel  r1  r2 5iˆ

  1
srel  u rel t  a rel t 2 v RM 4
2 6.  tan 530 
   v MG 3
srel   u1  u 2  t When the man is running


srel   v 0  v0 sin   ˆj  v 0 cos ˆi t   v RM 
4 4
v MG   12  16km / hr
3 3
 2 2
srel   v 0  v 0 sin   t    v 0 t cos   7. Let v1  2 3k v2  2k v3  3k
(2k)t = 10
 v 0 t 2 1  sin    22m .
1
5. In order to approach as close as possible to  3k  t  10  t 2  0
steamer, the direction of motion of motorboat 2
should be perpendicular to the relative motion. 3k 5
t ,k
Let the optimum velocity of motorboat is 5 3
   
  aiˆ  bjˆ
B
vb  vb / r  vr
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8. concept of relative velocity vy
dy y t

v
tan 60º  C or  sin  r
k
   dt
or
9. v0 v g 0
v H m y
vy
 vC  vH tan 60º  15m / s m  k 
 ln  v y  g    t
k  m   v0 sin 0

k 
 vy  g  k
m   e m t
k  ...(ii)
dy d dy  v0 sin 0  g 
t 2 d m 
10. Vy =  1/ 2 = .
0 Ky k x t k
 t
m
11. To have the path along AB the velocity  dx  v 0 cos 0  e
0 0
dt
components  r to line AB for river and swimmer
k
must be equal and opposite, which will ensure mv 0 cos 0   t
or x  1  e 
m
the path AB while going from A to B k  
Vs / r sin   Vr sin 60,[ is angle between path
AB and swimmers actual direction ] mv 0 cos 0
xm  at t   .
k
  30o ; V  Vsr cos   Vr cos 60
similarly one can write for going from B to A Y
where V '  Vsr cos   Vr cos 60
100 100 100 3 50
t     sec
32Vr 3Vr 3 2Vr 3 
12. For the minimum time man should swim kv
mg
perpendicular to the direction of flow of stream. X
13. Velocit y of boat w.r.t. ground is 15. In the first case BC=vt1 and w=ut1

v  (u  v sin  )iˆ  v cos ˆj In the second caste u sin  =v and
For the required condition v 0  u  v sin 
w=u cos  t 2
Solving these four equations with proper
substitution, we get
MULTIPLE TYPE w= 200m, u = 20m/min, v = 12 m/min and
 = 36050’
dv x kv cos  k B C
14. ax     vx
dt m m
dv x k
  dt or
vx m u u

vx t
dv x k A v v
 cos b vx
   dt
m0
v 16. The velocity of motor boat is given as
  
k
 t v m  v mw  v w
v x  v 0 cos 0e ...(i)
m
5
similarly
120o
dv kvsin  k 
ay  y 
o
 g    vy  g  53
30
dt m m 
 RELATIVE VELOCITY
Dividing (1) by (2), we get
5 5 3
  dy x  a  x  x a  x 
sin  sin120  or dy  dx
2
1 dx a a2
 sin      30
2 y y x a  x 
 (a), (b) and (c) or  dy   dx
0 0 a2
x 2 x3
or y   ..(3)
COMPREHENSION TYPE 2a 3a 2
This is the desired equation of trajectory.
AC 5 1 a a
17. From figure tan     20. Time taken to cross the river is t  v  v
OA 10 2 x

1 1 21. When the boatman reaches the opposite side,

So   tan   West of North x=a or vy = 0 (from equation 1)
2  
22,23. Let the passing takes place after t 1 second
N after truck passes the light
1 2
C A  2   t1  2   25t1
 10ms 1 2
B R
or t12  2lt1  4  0 or
W 5ms 1 O E
21  441  16 21  425
t1    0.19s, 21s
2 2
S Hence required time are 19s and 21s and
18. New appartent velocity, R '  102  102 distance from the light at which overtaking
takes place is 25  0.19m and 25  21s
 10 2ms 1 i.e., 4.8m (approx) and 525m.

Distance covered, s '  10 2  10  60  m  24,25Taking North as +y-axis and East as +x Axis
Imagine yourself as an oberver sitting inside the
 6 2 km  8.5km car.You will regard the car as being at rest (at
Extra distance covered = 8.5–6.7 = 1.8 km C). Relative to you, the speed of t he

19. Let v br be the velocity of boatman relative to motorcyclist is obtained by imposing the
  reversed velocity of the car on motorcyclist as
river, v r the velocity of river and v b is the
shown in figure. v m  15ms 1 , v C  20ms 1
absolute velocity of boatman. Then
N orth
Y P

vr j 
N C d vmC
O X W E i
 A 53 0
v br 5 0m B
S 
a  vC
53 0 E a st
     M vm x-a xis

v b  v br  v r Given; v br  v and vr  u
V iew fro m in side the c ar (at C )

dy v
Now u  v y   x  a  x  2 ..(1) v mC  15 2  20 2  25ms 1
dx a
dx  20 
and v  v x   v ..(2)   tan 1    530 with x-axis
dt  15 
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The motorcyclist appears to move along the line 1
MP with speed 25 ms-1 . or S1  8h sin   u 2  2gh  , S1  8  1
 4m
2
The shortest distance= perpendicular distance
28. Let the x-axis be eastward and the y-axis
of MP from
 
C  d  d  50 cos 530  d  30m northward v  30iˆ and v  40jˆ
1 2

Time taken to come closest = time taken by 

v 21 ( relative velocity of 2 in relation to 1)
motorcyclist to reach B.  
v 2  v1  40jˆ  30iˆ
MB 50sin 530
t   t  1.6s From the concept relative velocity 1 may be
v mC 25
assumed to be fixed and 2 to be moving with

MATRIX MATCH TYPE  

the velocity 30iˆ  40ˆj . This is a vector of

1 4
26. a) VResultant  vr  v w  5 j  5i magnitude 50 and inclined at   tan . The
3
vrm  vR  0  5i  5j shortest distance is obviously the perpendicular
distance of the relative velocity vector from the
b) vR  vr  vw  5i  5j fixed position of ship 1.
vrm  vR  vm  5i  5j  5i  5j Sshortest  S12 sin  where S12 is the initial
c) vR  5j  5i  5j  5i  10 j 4
distance between 1 and 2 = 10   8km
vrm  5i  10 j  5i  10 j 5

d) vR  5j  5i  5j  5i  10j Y(north)

vrm  5i  10j  5i  10i  10j

INTEGER TYPE SHIP1 

X(east)
O S12 SHIP2

27. The ball will be projected with velocity 29. The mutual velocity of approach
u  2gh at an angle   / 2    with the 3v
 v    v cos 00   . The initial relative
plane. Let us take the plane as the x-axis and 2
perpendicular to it as y-axis. Then acceleration separation a is reduced to zero at this rate
along the plane is g sin  and that
3v 3v
perpendicular to it is g cos  , a dt  a  t
2 2
1
Then S1   u sin   t   g sin   t 2 and
2 v
1
 g cos   t 2 (as there is no
0   u cos   t 
2 v
displacement along the y-axis in time t) or v
2u
t and 2a 2  3
g t   2s
3v 3  1
2u 2 sin  1 4u 2 4u 2 sin  The points will meet at the incentre of the
S1   g sin  2 
g 2 g g triangle.
 RELATIVE VELOCITY
LEVEL-VI to point B. What was the velocity u of his
walking if both swimmers reached the
SINGLE CORRECT ANSWER QUESTIONS destination sumultaneously The stream
velocity v 0 = 2.0 km/hour and the velocity
1. From a point A on bank of a channel with
v1 of each swimmer with respect to water
still water a person must get to a point B equals 2.5km per hour.
on the opposite bank. All the distances are a) 3km/hr b) 3.5km/hr c) 4km/hr d) 5km/hr
shown in figure. The person uses a boat to 4. A motor boat going downstream overcame
travel across the channel and then walks a raft at point A. After one hour it turned
along the bank to point B. The velocity of back and after some time it met the raft
the boat is v1 and the velocity of the again at a distance 6km from point A. Find
walking person is v 2 . Prove that the the river velocity.
a) 3km/hr b) 4km/hr
fastest way for the person to get from A to c) 3.5km/hr d) 4.5km/hr
B is to select the angles 1 and 2 in such 5. A person standing on a road has to hold his
a manner that umbrella at 600 with the vertical to keep
the rain away. He throws the umbrella and
A starts running at 20 ms-1. He finds that rain
drops are falling on him vertically. Find the
a speed of the rain drops with respect to
1 1. The road 2. The moving person
40 20 40 22
a) m/s, m/s b) m/s, m/s
x 2 B 3 3 3 3
b
40 3 20 3 40 3 20
d c) m/s, m/s d) m/s, m/s
3 3 3 3
sin 1 v 2 sin 1 v1 6. An open merry go round rotates at an
a) sin   v b) sin   v angular velocity  . A person stands in it
2 1 2 2 at a distance r from the rotational axis. It
cos 1 v 2 cos  2 v1 is raining and the rain drops falls vertically
c) cos   v d) cos   v at a velocity v0. How should the person
2 1 1 2
hold an umbrella to prorect himself from
2. A ball is thrown vertically upward from the the rain in the best way. Angle made by
12m level in an elevator shaft with an initial umbrella with the vertical is
velocity of 18m/s. At the same instant an
open platform elevator passes the 5m v0 v0
a) cot   b) tan  
level, moving upward with a constant r r
velocity of 2 m/s. Determine (a) when and
r v0
where the ball will hit the elevator, (b) the c) cot   v d) tan  
relative velocity of the ball with respect to 0 r
the elevator when the ball hits the elevator. 7. A man can swim at the rate of 5 km/h in
a) 10.2m 9.8m/s b) 12.3m 19.8m/s still water. A river 1 km wide flows at teh
c) 12m 10.2m/s d) 12.5m 22m/s rate of 3 km/h. The man wishes to wim
3. Two swimmers leave point A on one bank across the river directly opposite to the
of the river to reach point B lying right starting point.
across on the other bank. One of them 1) Along what direction must the man swim
crosses the river along the straight line AB a) 1270 with up stream
while the other swims at right angles to the b) 1270 with down stream
stream and the walks the distance that he c) 1570 with down stream
has been carried away by the stream to get d) 1570 with down stream
 JEE ADVANCED
JEE MAINS - CW -- VOLVOL -- II
8. A man wishes to cross a river flowing with 12. A man is trying to cross the river 100m
velocity u jumps at an angle  with the wide by a boat. The river is flowing with
river flow. If the man swim with speed v the velocity is 5m/s and the boat’s velocity
and if the width of the river is d, then the in still water is 3 m/s. FInd the minimum
time in which he can cross the river and
drift travelled by him is
the drift in this case?
d a) 33.33 sec, 100 m b) 33.33 sec, 200 m
a)  u  v cos  c) 30 sec, 100 m d) 30 sec, 200 m
v sin 
13. A man standing, observes rain falling with
d velocity of 20 m/s at an angle of 300 with
b)  u  v cos 
v sin  the vertical. Find out velocity of man so
that rain again appears to fall at 300 with
d the vertical.
c)  u  v cos   a) 20 m/s b) 30 m/s c) 40 m/s d) 10 m/s
v cos 
14. A river 400 m wide is flowing at a rate 2.0
d m/s. A boat is sailing at a velocity of 10.0
d)  u  v cos   m/s repect to the water, in a direction
v cos 
perpendicular to the river.
9. A boat moves relative to water with a
(a) Find the time taken by the boat ot reach
velocity which is n times less than the river
the opposite bank.
flow velocity. At what angle to the stream (b) How far from the point directly
direction must the boat move to minimize opposite to the starting point does the boat
drifting? (u is velocity of water, v is reach the opposite bank?
velocity of boat) a) 40 sec, 80 m b) 30 sec, 40 m
1 v c) 20 sec, 20 m d) 35 sec, 80 m
a)   sin   from normal direction 15. Two trains, one travelling at 54 kph and
u
the other at 72 kph. are headed towards
1 v each other on a level track. When they are
b)   cos   from normal direction
u  two kilometers apart, both drivers
simultaneously apply their brakes. If their
1 v
c)   tan   from normal direction brakes produces equal retardation in both
u the trains at a rate of 0.15 m/s2, determine
1 u whether there is a collision or not.
d)   sin   from normal direction a) collision occurs
v
b) collision does not occur
10. A man has velocity of 2m/s in still water.
c) May (or) May not takes place d) None.
He swims at an angle of 30r with the river
16. On morning Joy was walking on a grass-
flow. River has the velocity of 1 m/s. Width way in a garden. Wind was also blowing in
of river is 50m. Calculate the time taken the direction of his walking with speed u.
to cross river and drift of the man. He suddenly saw his friend Kim walking on
a) 50 sec b) 30 sec c) 40 sec d) 20 sec the parallel grass-way at a distance x away.
11. What should be the angle  at which the Both stopped as they saw each other when
man should swim so that length of path be they were directly opposite on their ways t
a distance x. Joy shouted “Hi Kim”. Find
minimum  vmr  vr  the time after which Kim would have heard
his greeting. Sound speed in still air is v.
vmr vr
a) cos  b) cos   x 2x
vr vmr a) 2 2 b)
v u v  u2
2

vr vmr x x
c) sin   d) sin   c) d)
vmr vr 2
2 v u 2
4 v  u2
2
 RELATIVE VELOCITY
such a manner that it always perpendicular
MULTI ANSWER QUESTIONS to the current. The speed of the boat in still
water is u. Find the distance through which
17. A child in danger of drowing in a river is the boat crossing the river will be carried
being carried downstream by a current that away by the current if the width of the river
flows uniformly at a speed of 2.5km/h. The is c. Also determine the trajectory of the boat.
child is 0.6km from shore and 0.8km a) The distance carried by the boat is
upstream of a boat landing when a rescue 2cu
boat sets out. If the boat proceeds at its X max 
v0
maximum speed of 20km/h with respect to b) The distance carried by the boat is
the water, what angle does the boat
velocity v make with the shore? How long cv
x max  0
will it take boat to reach the child. 2u
a) The angle made by the boat with the shore is 2 v 0c
530 c) The trajectary of the boat is y  x
u
b) The angle made by the boat with the shore
uc
is 370 2
d) The trajectary of the boat is y  v x
c) The time taken by boat to reach the child is 0
4 min
d) The time taken by boat to reach the child is COMPREHENSION TYPE QUESTIONS
3 min Comprehension-I
18. A launch plies between two points A and B A river of width w is flowing such that the
on the opposite banks of a river always stream velocity varies with y as
following the line AB. The distance S
between points A and B is 1,200m. The  3 1 
v R  v 0 1  y  ; where y is t he
velocity of the river current v =1.9m/s is w
 
constant over the entire width of the river.
perpendicular distance from one bank. A boat
The line AB makes an angle   600 with starts rowing from the bank with constant
the direction of the current. With what velocity v =2v0 in such a way that it always
velocity u and at what angle  to the line moves along a straight line perpendicular to the
AB should the launch move to cover the banks.
distance AB and back in a time t =5 min? 20. At what time will he reach the other bank
The angle  remains the same during the w w
passage from A to B and from B to A. a) t  6v 
b) 6 2  1 v 
0 0

B w w
u
c) 6  
3  1 v0 d)  
3  1 v0
 v 21. What will be the velocity of the boat along
the straight line when he reaches the other
 bank
A v0
a) The velocity of the boat is 8m/s a) v 0 b) 2v0 c) d) 2c0
2
b) The velocity of the boat is 6m/s Comprehension-II
c) The angle made by u with the line AB is 120 An automobile and a truck start from rest at
d) The angle made by u with line AB is 100 the same instant, with the automobile initially at
19. The current velocity of river grows in some distance behind the truck. The truck has
proportion to the distance from its bank a constant acceleration of 2.2 m/s2 and the
and reaches the maximum value v 0 in the automobile has an acceleration of 3.5 m/s2. The
middle. Near the banks the velocity is automobile overtake the truck after the truck
zero. A boat is moving along the river in has moved 60m.
 JEE ADVANCED
JEE MAINS - CW -- VOL
VOL -- II
22. How much time does it take the automobile 28. The accelerator of a train can produce a
to overtake the truck uniform acceleration of 0.25 ms-2 and its
a) 6.4sec b) 7.4sec c) 6.5sec d) 7.5sec brake can produce a retardation of 0.5ms-
23. How far was the automobile behind the 2
. The shorest time in which the train can
truck initially travel between two stations 8km apart is x
a) 25.5m b) 35.5m c) 45.5m d) 30.5m minutes and 10s, if it stops at both stations.
24. What is the speed of each when they are The value of x is
next each other.
a) 16.2m/s b) 17.2m/s c) 18.2m/s d) 19.2m/s
LEVEL-VI
MATRIX MATCHING TYPE KEY
25. Two particles A and B moving in x-y plane Single Answer type
are at origin at t=0sec. The initial velocity 1) A 2)B 3)A 4)A
vectors of A and B are vA  8i m / s and 5)C 6)A 7) B 8) A
vB  8j m / s . The acceleration of A and B 9) A 10) A 11) A 12) A
13) A 14) A 15) A 16) A
are constant and are a A  2i m / s 2 and
Multiple Type
a B  2 j m / s 2 . Column-I given certain
17)BD 18)AC 19)BD
statements regarding particle A and B
Column-II given corresponding results. Comprehension Type
Match the statements in Column-I with 20)C 21)A 22)B 23)B
corresponding results in Column-II. 24)A
Column-I Column-II Matrix Match
(a) The time ( in secs) at which (p) 16 2 25)a-s,b-p,c-r,d-q
velocity of A relative to B is zero
Integer Type
(b) The distance (in m) between A (q) 8 2
26)2 27)3 28)5
and B when their relative velocity is zero
(c) The time (in sec) after t =0 at (r) 8
which A and B are at same position LEVEL-VI
(d) The magnitude of relative
velocity of A and B at the instant HINTS & SOLUTIONS
they are at same position (s) 4
INTEGER TYPE x dx
1. S1  ,S2 
sin 1 sin  2
26. The distance between two moving
particles at any time is a= 32m. If v be their S1 x
t1  
relative velocity and v1  4 m/s and v 2 be v1 v1 sin 1
the components of v = 8 m/s along and and
perpendicular to a. The time when they are
closest to each other is ( in meter) S2 dx
t2  
27. The slopes of wind screen of two cars are v2 v 2 sin  2
1  300 and  2  150 respectively. At
 1 1  d
v1 t  x  
what ratio of v of the velocities of the  v1 sin 1 v 2 sin  2  v 2 sin  2
2
cars will their drivers see the hair tail dt
stones bounced back by the wind screen For t be minimum  0 or
dx
on their cars in vertical direction assume
tail stones fall vertically downwards and 1 1 v1 sin  2
 , 
collisions to be elastic v1 sin 1 v 2 sin  2 v 2 sin 1
 RELATIVE VELOCITY
2. a) Let the two meet at a distance s from ground.
1 2  600 
Then s  12  18t  x9.8xt ...(i) D  Vp Vp A
2 
O 
Vr
0
Vr /p 60
and s  5  2t ...(ii)
B
Solving these two equations, we get t = 3.65s C

and s= 12.30m  

b) vb = 18-(9.8)(3.65) = - 17.8 m/s i.e, velocity v r  OC = velocity of rain w.r.t .earth
 
of ball is 17.8 m/s(downward) at the time of Values of v r and v r/ p can be obtained by using
impact or relative velocity = 19.8 m/s simple trignometric relations
(downward)  
3. According to problem, 1. Speed of rain drops w.r.t.earth v r  OC
t A  t B  time taken in walking from C to B. CB
from OCM,  sin 600
CB vt OC
t A  tB   tB  r B
walking speed u CB 20 40 40 3 -1
 OC  0
   ms .
d d vr t B d vd sin 60 3/2 3 3
    r  
v A cos  vB u vB u vB 2. Speed of rain w.r.t.the person v r /p  OB
d d vrd OB
  From OCM,  cot 600
2
v v 2 v B uv B CB
A r
vA 
vA 20 20 3 1
 OB  CBcot 600   ms
3 3
v0
u 1
 3.0km / hr 6. Let the velocity of the drops above the person

 v  2 2 rel. to the merry go round be at an angle  to
0
1   2
1 the vertical. This angle can be determined from
 v  the velocity triangle
4. Let v br be the velocity of boatman with respect v 0  vrel  v m.g.r , v rel  v0  v m.g.r
to river of velocity of boatman in still water and v0
v r the river velocity. Velocity of raft is also vr. vm.g.r  r , cot   .
r
Assuming river to be at rest or raft to be at 7. The velocity of man with respect to river
rest. The boat man will move with vbr both
during its downstream and upstream motion. vmR  5km / hr , this is greater than the river
Therefore Time of upstream motion= time of flow velocity, therefore, he can cross the river
downstream motion =1hr. directly (along the shortest path). The angle of
Total time of motion of raft =2hrs. In this 2 hrs, swim must be
the raft moves 6km. Hence the raft velocity or  v   v 
river velocity is 3km/hr. This can be shown as   sin 1  R   90r  sin 1  r 
below 2  vmR   vmR 
Boatman 1hour Boatman v r  v br 1hour
 90r  sin 1  90r  37r  127r , with
1hour v br  v r the river flow (downstream) Ans.
Raft Raft
8.
6km
Assuming river to be at rest Actual motion of boatman and raft B
x C'
C
5. Given   600 and velocit y of person
  d u
v P  OA =20ms-1. This velocity is same as the v
 
velocity of person w.r.t.ground. First of all let’s A x

see how the diagram works out. d

  iii) x   u  v cos  t   u  v cos 
v r /p  OB = velocity of rain w.r.t. person. v sin 
 JEE ADVANCED
JEE MAINS - CW -- VOLVOL -- II
9. In this problem, one think should be carefully d
meted that the velocity of boat is less than the  x  vr  vmr cos 
river flow velocity. In such a case, boat cannot vmr sin 
reach the point directly opposite to its starting
point. i.e. drift can never be zero. Thus, to dx
 for x to be minimum 0
minimize the drift, boat starts at an angle  d
from the normal direction up stream as shown.
B drift  x C dx  v sin   vmr sin    vmr cos  vr  vmr cos  
  d  mr 2 
y d   vmr sin   
d u x
vmr
v 
v cos
 cos 
vr
A u  v sin 

Now, again if we find the components of 12. For minimum time, the man should row
velocity of boat along and perpendicualr to the perpendicular ot the rivr flow (North direction
flow, these are, velocity along the river, in the figure).
vx  u  v sin  . time taken to cross the river
d d
is t  v  v cos
y

ud
or x  sec  d tan 
v   
x i  100 j s
dx 
The drift x is minimum, when  0, t t
d   
vBE  3 i  5 j
 ud  x  100   
  sec .tan    d sec   0
2
or   i j  3i  5 j
 v  t t
100
u   t  t  33.33sec
or sin   1 3
v x  3t  x  100m
13.
v l u
or sin     as v  
10
0

u n n 300 30

 v Rm
v R  20 m / s

50 10 3
10. t  50s
2 sin 300 60 0 vx 600

vm
11. x   vmr cos  vr  t   
v R  10 i  10 3 j
d  
  vmr cos  vr    
v m  v x i ; v RM  (10  v x ) i  10 3 j
vmr sin 
Angle with the vertical = 30r
 v  10  vx
tan 300   v x  20 m / s
x  d  cot   r cosec  10 3
 vmr  14. As it is given that boat is sailing in a direction
normal to current. Crosing velocity of boat is =
vmr  vr or the river flow is greater than 10 m/s.
velocity of man’s effort. In such a case, boat So time taken by the boat to reach the other
cannot reach the point directly opposite to its
starting point. i.e., drift can never be zero. 400
bank is  40 s.
10
 RELATIVE VELOCITY
Drift due to flow of river is = Drift velocity x 
i.e, v br should be along BC, where
time to cross the river Here boat is sailing in
normal direction so direction so drift velocity is 0.6 3
tan    , 0
the river current velocity. 0.8 4   37
Thus, dirft is x  2.0  40  80 m Further,
15. Speed of first train is = 54 kph = 15 m/s BC 1
t    hr  3 minute
Speed of second train is = 72 kph = 20 m/s. v br 20
As both the trains are headed towards each Child
other, relative velocity of one train with respect C 0.8km A
to other is given as vr  15  20  35 m / s 
1.0km
Both trains are retarded by accelaration of 0.15  0.6km
vbr
m/s2, relative retardation is

ar=0.15 + 0.15m/s2 = 0.3 m/s2. B Boat
Now we assume one train is at rest and other 18. In the order that the moving launch is always
is coming at 35 m/s retarded by 0.3 m/s2 is at a on the straight lineAB, the components of
distance of two kilometer. The maximum velocity of the current and of the launch in the
distance travelled by the moving train while direction perpendicular to AB should be equal,
v2r (35)2 i.e u sin   vsin ..  i 
retarding is smax  
2ar 2  0.3
 2041.66 m
S  AB   u cos   v cos   t1 ...(ii)
It is more than 2 km, which shows that it will
hit the second train. Further BA   u cos   v cos   t 2 ...(iii)
16. The situation is shown in figure. When Joy t1  t 2  t ..(iv)
shouted, the sound which is going directly Solving these equations after proper
toward Kim will not reach her as due to wind substitution, we get
drift is added to it. The sound which is going in
the direction at an angle  , to their line joining u  8m / s and   120 .
will reach to Kim as when drift is added to it as B B
shown in figure, the resultant is in the direction u
of their line joining. 
 u 
v  v


Joy vR Kim A A
u
v  dy
19. Given that v br  v y   u ..(i)
dt
x  dx  2v0 
v br  v x    y ...(ii)
The resultant velocity of sound is vR  v 2  u 2 dt  c 
From Eq.(i) and (ii) we have,
Time t aken by sound t o reach Kim is
dy uc 2 ucx
x  y 
t dx 2v0 y v0
v  u2
2
c cv cv
At y  , x  0 or x net  2x  0
MULTI ANSWER TYPE 2 4u 2u
  
17. v b = velocity of boatman = v br  v r 
  v br
 C
v c = velocity of child  v r vr y
    y
v bc  v b  v c  v br
 x
v bc should be along BC
 JEE ADVANCED
JEE MAINS - CW -- VOL
VOL -- II

COMPREHENSION TYPE and v T  2.2x7.39  16.2m / s

Automobile 3.5m / s2 Truck
  3 1  
20. Given v R  v0 1  w y  and v  2v0 2.2m / s 2
  25.0 S0
B
 Y
v MATRIX MATCH
 
w vR X
25. The initial relative velocity of A w.r.t B is
A
u AB  8j  8i m / s , u AB  8 2m / s
Resultant velocity of boatman should be along a AB   2i  2j m / s , a AB  2 2m / s 2

AB or perpendicular to AB components of v Since B observes initial velocity and constant

and v R should be zero. Hence v cos   v R acceleration of A in opposite directions. Hence
B observes A moving along a straight line From
 3 1  frame of B
or  2v 0  cos  = v0 1  w y 
  u AB
Therefore, resultant velocity along AB is Hence time when u AB  0 in t  a  4 sec .
AB
v y  v sin  or The distance between A & B when u AB  0
2
u 2AB
dy
  2v 0  sin  
 2v0  4w 2  w   3 1 y  g
2a AB
 16 2m
dt 2w
The time when both are at same position is
v0 2

w
 
4w 2  w  3  1 y  2u
T  AB  8sec
a AB
w dy v0 t Magnitude of relative velocity when they are at
   dt
0 2 w 0
or 2
 
4w  w  3 1 y  same position in u AB  8 2m .

w INTEGER TYPE
t
Solving this,we get 6  3  1 v0  AC a cos  32  4
21. When the boatman reaches the opposite bank 26. t    v cos   v1 , t   2s
v v 88
y=w or v R  3v 0 or v cos   v R 27. v absolute in vertically downward v Hc after
Hence,  2v 0  cos   3v0 collision vertically upwards since collision is
elastic so velocity of tailstones w.r.t. car before
Hence resultant velocity will be and after collision will make equal angles
v  vsin    2v 0  sin 300 , v y  v 0 . vHc/1  vH  v c  v  v1 ;
22,23,24   90  2  1  90
1 a1   . 2  21 tan v1
. a) 60  x2.2xt 2 ; t  7.39s 2  tan 21 
2 v
1/ 2 1/ 2
1 2  2    l   2 l 
b) further, x3.5xt  s 0  60 28. t min   ; v max 
2 
    
1 2
s0  x3.5x  7.39   60  35.5m  0.25  0.5  8 103  2  310s  5 min10s
2 t min  .
0.25  0.5
c) v a  3.5x7.39  25.9m / s * * *