KINEMATICS

Table of Contents
RELATIVE MOTION IN 2-D------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 3
1. BASED ON DISTANCE OF CLOSEST APPROACH-----------------------------------------------------------------3
2. BASED ON RELATIVE MOTION IN PROJECTILES-----------------------------------------------------------------3
2.1. Collision problems----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3
2.2. Minimum distance between two projectiles---------------------------------------------------------4
3. BASED ON MAN/BOAT – RIVER PROBLEMS---------------------------------------------------------------------5
4. BASED ON RAIN – MAN PROBLEMS------------------------------------------------------------------------------5
RELATIVE MOTION IN 2-D
1. (Based on distance of closest approach)
Qn.1. Particle B is standing 10 km away from
particle A along a straight road directing
towards north. At the same instant B starts
moving towards a direction 45o west of north
and A starts moving towards east with 5 √ 2
m/s and 5 m/s respectively. Find the
minimum distance between them.

Qn.2. Two roads intersect at right angles. Car A is

situated at P which is 500 m from the
intersection O on one of the roads. Car B is
situated at Q which is 400 m from the
intersection on the other road. They start out
at the same time and travel towards the
intersection at 20 m/s and 15 m/s
respectively.
i) What is the minimum distance between
them?
ii) How long do they take to reach it (shortest distance)?

2. (Based on relative motion in projectiles)

2.1. Collision problems
Qn.1. Two particles A and B are projected from
the same horizontal level. A was
projected with a speed of 50 m/s and at
an angle 53o from horizontal. At the
same time B was projected with a speed
u and at an angle 37o from horizontal.
i) Find the velocity u such that both A and B collide?
ii) If the distance between A and B is 100 m, then find the time when collision
occurs?
 Qn.2. Two towers AB and CD are situated a
distance 400 m apart. AB is 400 m high
and CD is 800 m high from the ground.
A particle of mass m is thrown from the
top of AB at an angle of 53 o with a
velocity of u towards CD.
Simultaneously another object of mass
2m is thrown from top of CD horizontally
with a speed of 50 m/s towards AB.
Then find
i) speed u for collision to occur?
ii) time when collision occurs?
iii) position of collision?

2.2. Minimum distance between two projectiles

Qn.1. Two particles are simultaneously thrown
from ground. Their velocities of projection
are 10√ 2 m/s and 10 m/s. The angle of
projection are 45o and 37o respectively.
Calculate the minimum separation
between the particles in the process of
their motion if the initially the particles are
separated by a distance of 50 m.

Qn.2. Two particles are simultaneously thrown

from roofs of two high buildings, as shown
in figure. Their velocities of projection are 2
m/s and 14 m/s respectively. Horizontal and
vertical separation between points A and B
is 22 m and 9 m respectively. Calculate
minimum separation between between the
particles in the process of their motion.

3. (Based on Man/boat – river problems)

Qn.1. A man can swim at a speed of 3 km/h in still water. He wants to cross a 500 m
wide river flowing at 2 km/h. He keeps himself always at 2 km/h. He keeps
himself always at an angle of 120o with the river flow while swimming.
i) Find the time he takes to cross the river.
 ii) At what point on the opposite bank will he arrive?
Qn.2 A woman can row a boat at 6.40 km/h in still water.
i) If she is crossing a river where the current is 3.20 km/h, in what direction
must her boat be headed if she wants to reach a point directly opposite her
starting point?

ii) If the river is 6.40 km wide, how long will it take to cross the river?

iii) In what direction should she head the boat if she wants to cross in the
shortest possible time, and what is that time?

Qn.3 A man in a row boat must get from point A

to point B on the opposite bank of the river
as shown in the figure. The distance BC =
a. The width of the river AC = b. At what
minimum speed u relative to still water
should the boat travel to reach the point B?
The velocity of flow of the water is vo.

Qn.4 The current velocity of a river grows in proportion to the distance from its bank
and reaches the maximum value vo in the middle. Near the banks the velocity
is zero. A boat is moving along the river in such a manner that it is always
perpendicular to the current and the speed of the boat in still water is u. Find
the distance through which the boat crossing the river will be carried away by
the current if the width of the river is c. Also determine the trajectory of the
boat.

4. (Based on Rain – man problems)

Qn.1 A woman is running
through rain at a
speed of 5 m/s. Rain
is falling vertically at a
speed of 20 m/s.
i) what is the velocity
of the rain relative to
the woman?
ii) How far infront of her would an umbrella have to extend to keep the rain off
if she holds the umbrella 1.50 m above her feet

Qn.2 A man is coming down an incline of angle 30o. When he walks with speed 2
√ 3 m/s, he has to keep his umbrella vertical to protect himself from rain. The
actual speed of rain is 5 m/s. At what angle with vertical should he keep his
umbrella when he is at rest so that he does not get drenched?