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    9 views5 pages

    Civil PE Exam Part 3

    Uploaded by

    flashtron

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 5
    20 kips 50 kips-ft 5 kips/ft 4ft 4ft Solution The first step would be to solve for the support reactions. The beam is statically determinate due to the presence of the internal hinge. Even though a formal approach could be to write the four equations of equilibrium (the standard three equations for a 2D structure plus one hinge moment equation) and solve for the four external reactions (A,, Ay, Ma, and C,), it is more convenient and time effective to separate the structure at the hinge B and start solving from the simple span BC (both ends moment free). Reactions: By lever rule: C, = 3/4 x 20= 15 kips and By= 1/4 x 20=5 kips = 20 +5 =25 kips Mg = 20 x 2 +50 +5 x 6 = 120 kips-ft counterclockwise 20 kips . 20kipsft [70M so ipsef 20 kips 5 ror fr J y vvv i y 2 kips Skips | 5 kips 15 Kips Next, the shear-force diagram can be created by simply following the transverse (shear) loads such as point loads and distributed loads. Shear-Force diagram 2 5 kips/S kips/ft =I ft Note that at the internal hinge, there is an internal shear that exists as a pair of equal and opposite forces and, therefore, does not affect the diagram. However, the shear at this location (the hinge shear) is reflected in the diagram. Also, the uniformly distributed load has a resultant (area under the load) of 20 kips. The change in shear force between x= 10 and x= 14 is the negative of the area under the load. Thus, the shear force changes from V=+5 atx=10 to V=~ 15 atx= 14. This change occurs at a uniform rate (linear). The location at which the shear force goes through a zero is given by AV _ Skips Av=— = 5 kips/fi =1ft Bending-Moment diagram The bending-moment diagram is constructed by “accumulating areas” from the shear-force diagram. Since the bending-moment function is obtained by integration of the shear function, it is one order more complex than the order of the corresponding shear diagram. In other words, if the shear function is linear, the corresponding moment function is quadratic. In the Example 102.8, there are two locations where a couple moment exists—at x = 0, there is a reaction moment M = 120 kips-ft (counterclockwise) and at x = 4, there is an applied moment M= 50 kips-ft (clockwise). These introduce corresponding discontinuities in the moment diagram at these locations. +20 60 -120 Example 102.9 Draw the shear-force diagram and the bending-moment diagram for the simply supported beam with overhang loaded with a distributed load, as shown below. Method 1—Geometric Method Hot! Je _______+____________, As before, we can write the equations of static equilibrium and solve for the support reactions. However, in this case, we can use symmetry arguments to say that due to symmetry of the structure and the loading, the load wL will be shared equally by the two supports. Next, we will follow the load to draw the shear-force diagram. ‘The overhang to the left of the first support carries a total load of wa. The shear-force diagram slopes down from a value of zero to —wa. At the left support, the reaction (wL/2) pushes the diagram up by wL/2 to a value +wb/2. Between supports, the total load is wb. Thus, the shear-force diagram goes from a value of + wb/2 to — wb/2, sloping down continuously at the same rate as the load, i.e., w per unit length. At the right support, the upward reaction wL/2 pushes the diagram up froma value of— wb/2 to +wa. Over the right overhang, the load wa pushes the diagram down to zero. Ma(-wea= i202 We can then follow the shear-force diagram to construct the bending-moment diagram. The following geometric facts can be used in our construction, + The value of the bending moment is zero at the free ends. * The change in the bending moment between any two points is equal to the area under the shear- force diagram between those points. + The order of the bending-moment curve is one order higher than the shear-force curve. (If the SFD is a straight line, i.e., x', then the BMD is a parabola, i.e., x”.) + The location of zero shear force, or more correctly, the location of change of sign of the shear force is the location of the maximum (or minimum) bending moment. 12wb. 1/2(wb)b/2 = 1/4wb? So a SED 1/2(-wa)a = -1/2wa? —1/2wa? + wb? RMD —1/2wa? Method 2—Explicit Forms of V(x) and M(x) Functions As we see from the diagram, the loading on the beam changes at two points—the supports, where the reactions are introduced. These two points divide the beam into three segments—AB, BC, and CD. | D >| le a sle b sl< a 5 A B ¢ L |< First Section in Segment AB (0

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