Reading and Writing Skills

Jared C. Mendez
Grade 11 STEM D. Umali
Week 1

WHAT I KNOW

1. D
2. B
3. A
4. A
5. B
6. D
7. D
8. D
9. C
10.C
11.A
12.A
13.C
14.A
15.C

WHAT'S NEW

HIGHLIGHTED WORD/S What is it? Describe/Define

Alludes The word "allude" has origins in Latin, and

its root "ludere" means "to play." Its original
meaning was "to engage in wordplay," but
that sense is now outdated. While some
people believe that "allude" can only refer to
an indirect reference, this is not true.
"Allude" can also mean "to refer to directly,"
which has been in use for over a hundred
years. While "allude to" is the most common
construction in modern usage, it is not
always necessary to include the preposition
"to." (Merriam-Webster 2023)

Hypotext A hypotext refers to a preceding text that

serves as the origin or inspiration for a
subsequent piece of literature, also known
as a hypertext.

According to the French theorist Gérard

Genette, the term "hypertextuality" pertains
 to a connection between a text B (referred
to as the hypertext) and an earlier text A
(known as the hypotext), where the former
is incorporated into the latter in a way that is
distinct from commentary.

James Joyce James Augustine Aloysius Joyce, born on

February 2, 1882, was an Irish novelist,
poet, and literary critic who played a
significant role in the modernist avant-garde
movement. He is considered to be one of
the most influential and important writers of
the 20th century. Joyce's renowned novel
Ulysses (1922) draws parallels between the
episodes of Homer's Odyssey using various
literary styles, particularly stream of
consciousness. In addition to Ulysses, his
famous works include the collection of short
stories titled Dubliners (1914), and the
novels A Portrait of the Artist as a Young
Man (1916) and Finnegans Wake (1939).
Joyce also wrote three poetry books, a play,
letters, and occasional journalism.

Ulysses James Joyce wrote the modernist novel,

Ulysses, which was serialized in The Little
Review from March 1918 to December 1920
and published in full on February 2, 1922,
by Sylvia Beach in Paris. Ulysses is
considered a significant work of modernist
literature and is known for its emphasis on
the thinking process. The novel follows the
daily events of Leopold Bloom in Dublin on
June 16, 1904, and draws parallels with
Homer's Odyssey through the experiences
of Bloom, Molly Bloom, and Stephen
Dedalus. The novel's style imitates different
periods of English literature and explores
themes of modernism, Dublin, and Ireland's
relationship with Britain.

Homer Homer, born around the 8th century BC, is a

Greek poet who wrote the Iliad and the
Odyssey, two epic poems that are
considered foundational works in ancient
Greek literature. He is widely regarded as
one of the most influential and respected
authors in history. The Iliad is about a
dispute between King Agamemnon and the
 warrior Achilles during the final year of the
Trojan War, while the Odyssey tells the
story of the ten-year journey of Odysseus,
king of Ithaca, to his home after the fall of
Troy. Both poems are written in Homeric
Greek, a literary language that is a mixture
of the Ionic and Aeolic dialects and is
thought to have been transmitted orally.

Odyssey The Odyssey is an epic poem attributed to

Homer and is one of the oldest surviving
works of literature that is still widely read
today. It consists of 24 books and follows
the journey of Odysseus, the king of Ithaca,
as he attempts to return home after the
Trojan War. The journey takes him ten
years, during which he faces numerous
challenges and his crewmates perish.
Odysseus was presumed dead, and his wife
and son had to fend off suitors vying for
Penelope's hand in marriage.

Important concepts explored in the Odyssey

include the notions of nostos, or "return,"
wandering, xenia or "guest-friendship,"
testing, and omens. Scholars continue to
examine the significance of certain groups,
such as women and slaves, in the narrative
of the poem, who play a more significant
role than in other works of ancient literature.
This is particularly noteworthy when
compared to the Iliad, which focuses on the
actions of soldiers and kings during the
Trojan War.

Angela Carter Angela Carter was a British author and

journalist who wrote novels, short stories,
and poetry, often exploring feminist and
magical realism themes. Her most famous
work is The Bloody Chamber, published in
1979. The Times ranked her as the tenth
greatest British writer since 1945 in 2008.
Her book Nights at the Circus won the
James Tait Black Memorial Prize and was
considered the best winner in 2012.

Beauty and the Beast The fairy tale Beauty and the Beast,
originally written by Gabrielle-Suzanne
Barbot de Villeneuve and published in 1740
 in La Jeune Américaine et les contes marins
(The Young American and Marine Tales),
has undergone several adaptations over
time. The most well-known version of the
story was abridged, rewritten, and published
by French novelist Jeanne-Marie Leprince
de Beaumont in 1756 in Magasin des
enfants (Children's Collection). The story
was further retold by Andrew Lang in 1889
in his book Blue Fairy Book, a part of the
Fairy Book series. The tale is believed to
have been influenced by Ancient Greek
stories such as "Cupid and Psyche" from
The Golden Ass, written by Lucius Apuleius
Madaurensis in the second century AD, and
The Pig King, an Italian fairytale published
by Giovanni Francesco Straparola in The
Facetious Nights of Straparola around 1550.

Imitation Imitation is a process in which an individual

observes and replicates the behavior of
another. This behavior plays a significant
role in the development of traditions and
culture as it facilitates the transfer of
information, such as behaviors and
customs, between individuals and across
generations without genetic inheritance. The
term imitation can be used in various
contexts, from animal training to politics. It
generally refers to conscious behavior, and
when it occurs subconsciously, it is referred
to as mirroring.

Parody A parody is a type of creative work that uses

satirical or ironic imitation to comment on or
mock its subject. It can be focused on an
original work or its components such as
theme, author, or style. Parody can also be
directed towards real-life figures, events, or
movements, including politicians, historical
events like the French Revolution, or social
movements like counterculture. Professor
Simon Dentith defines parody as a cultural
practice that involves an allusive imitation of
another cultural production or practice.
Linda Hutcheon, a literary theorist, notes
that parody involves imitation but not
necessarily at the expense of the original
text. Parody can be found in various forms
of art and culture, including literature, music,
 theater, television, film, animation, and
gaming. Theater is one of the many fields
where parody is practiced.

Patische A pastiche refers to a piece of creative

work, such as a literary work, music,
architecture, or visual art, that imitates the
style or features of one or more other
artists, without mocking it. In contrast to
parody, pastiche is a tribute to the original
work that it emulates. The word pastiche is
derived from the French language, and has
a similar meaning to the Italian term
pasticcio, which refers to a pie-filling made
from various ingredients. Both words can be
used metaphorically to describe works
created by multiple authors or that integrate
various stylistic elements from other artists.
Pastiche is a manifestation of artistic
eclecticism.
Statistics and Probability

Assigned Number: 9
Date: May 2, 2023
Score:_________

Quarter 4 Week 1

Learning Task #1 – Testing Hypothesis (15 points)

1. D
2. C
3. D
4. B
5. A
6. C
7. A
8. D
9. C
10. A
11. D
12. A
13. D
14. C
15. A

Learning Task #2 – Identifying Parameters for Testing in Given Real-Life Problems (15 points)

1. C
2. A
3. C
4. A
5. C
6. D
7. B
8. B
9. C
10. C
11. C
12. C
13. D
14. B
15. A
Learning Task #3 – Formulating Appropriate Null and Alternative Hypotheses on a Population Mean (10
points)

Formulate the null and alternative hypotheses. Identify whether it is one-tailed or two-tailed.
If the hypothesis is one tailed, identify its direction whether it is left or right.

The average salary of an accountant is ₱24,620 per month in the Philippines.

𝐻𝑜: µ=24,620 𝐻𝑎:µ≠24,620 Two-tailed test

A normal smartphone battery manufacturer claims that the mean life of a certain type of battery is more than
650 hours.
𝐻𝑜:µ≤650 𝐻𝑎:µ>650 Right-tailed test

According to an international shipping company, a package from US can arrive to Manila in an average of less
than 8 business days.
𝐻𝑜:µ≥8 𝐻𝑎:µ<8 Left-tailed test

The average price of a certain type of car is greater than ₱600,000.

𝐻𝑜:µ≤600,000 𝐻𝑎:µ>600,000 Right-tailed test

A research organization reports that the mean of adult grocery shoppers who never buy the store brand in
Metro Manila is 300.
𝐻𝑜:µ=300 𝐻𝑎:µ≠300 Two-tailed test

A study claims that the mean survival period for certain cancer patients treated immediately with
chemotherapy and radiation is 24 months.
𝐻𝑜:µ=24 𝐻𝑎:µ≠24 Two-tailed test

The average pre-school cost for tuition fees last year was ₱ 15,500. The following year, 20 schools had a
mean of ₱ 13, 100 and standard deviation of ₱ 2,500.
𝐻𝑜:µ=15,500 𝐻𝑎:µ≠15,500 Two-tailed test
A magazine reports that a typical shopper spends less than 10 minutes in line waiting to check out. A sample
of 30 shoppers at the DM Supermarket showed mean of 9.5 minutes with standard deviation of 2.7 minutes.
𝐻𝑜:µ≥10 𝐻𝑎:µ<10 Left-tailed test

The principal of Mabundok High School claims that the students in his school have above average
intelligence. A random sample of 30 students’ IQ scores have a mean score of 113. The mean population IQ
is 100 with a standard deviation of 15. Is there an evidence to support his claim?
𝐻𝑜:µ=113 𝐻𝑎:µ≠113 Two-tailed test

The owner of BYD manufacturer claims that their batteries last an average of at most 350 hours under normal
use. A researcher randomly selected 20 batteries from the production line and tested them. The tested
batteries had a mean life span of 270 hours with a standard deviation of 50 hours.
𝐻𝑜:µ≤350 𝐻𝑎:µ>350 Right-tailed test
H.O.P.E

Jared C. Mendez
Grade 11 – D. Umali STEM
May 4, 2023

SURVEY FORM
Name: John Phillip C. Mulle
Age 16 years old
Violations usually encountered Double Dribble
during the games
List down equipment used in Basketball, Player Uniforms, Basketball Shoes,
playing basketball Rim and Rings
Basic skills in basketball Dribbling, Shooting, Rebounding, Running,
Jumping
Position in basketball Shooting Guard and Point Guard
Favourite PBA/ NBA basketball Stephen Curry
player
Tips to people who wants to play Keep practicing, and developing your basketball
basketball fundamentals on a daily basic
Why did you play basketball? I play basketball because I love the mechanics of
the game, and it helps me be more physically fit.
Did you experience dehydration? Yes, be sure to drink water frequently while
If yes, cite your precautions to playing and when you’re not playing.
avoid dehydration

SURVEY FORM
Name: Brialle Jan Mabituin
Age 17 years old
Violations usually encountered Double Dribble, Travelling, and kicking the ball
during the games
List down equipment used in Ball, Uniforms, Basketball Shoes
playing basketball
Basic skills in basketball Dribbling, Shooting, Rebounding, Running,
Jumping
Position in basketball Shooting Guard and Point Guard
Favourite PBA/ NBA basketball Lebron James, Kobe Bryant, Michael Jordan, and
player Anthony Davis.
Tips to people who wants to play Tips for people who want to play basketball is
basketball when you’re on the court be you and be confident
in yourself and also think you can shoot the ball
no matte what
Why did you play basketball? I play basketball because it’s fun sports and
because if this it also helps me to become
physically healthy
Did you experience dehydration? Yes, I experienced dehydration during the game;
If yes, cite your precautions to To avoid dehydration make sure to always drink
avoid dehydration water before and after the game and even in your
home.

SURVEY FORM
Name: Lanz Joemari Hilario
Age 16 years old
Violations usually encountered Personal Foul, and Blocking Foul
during the games
List down equipment used in Basketball Ball, Shoes, and Jersey
playing basketball
Basic skills in basketball Dribbling, and Shooting
Position in basketball Center, Small Forward, Shooting Guard
Favourite PBA/ NBA basketball James Harden (NBA)
player
Tips to people who wants to play Play for fun
basketball
Why did you play basketball? Because all my friends play it.
Did you experience dehydration? Yes, drink water regularly
If yes, cite your precautions to
avoid dehydration
GENERAL BIOLOGY 2 WEEK 1

Jared C. Mendez
Grade 11 D. Umali STEM
May 4, 2023

LESSON 1

WHAT’S NEW

1. Differentiate Asexual Reproduction and Sexual Reproduction.

Asexual Reproduction:
 Only involves one parent organism
 No fusion of gametes (reproductive cells) takes place
 Offspring are genetically identical to the parent organism and to each other
 Examples include binary fission in bacteria, budding in hydra, and fragmentation in
starfish
Sexual Reproduction:
 Involves two parent organisms
 Fusion of gametes takes place, resulting in genetic variation in the offspring
 Offspring are genetically unique and different from the parent organisms and from each
other
 Examples include meiosis and fertilization in animals, pollination and fertilization in
plants
 Hybrid of parents

2. Identify the types of asexual reproduction and give examples

Types of Asexual Reproduction Examples

Fission - Type of asexual reproduction  Bacillus subtilis.
involving the division of body into two or  Bacillus cereus.
more equal parts  Bacillus pumilus.
 Escherichia coli.
 Clostridium perfringens.
 Corynebacterium diphtheriae.
 Amoeba.
 Paramecium.
Fragmentation - Type of asexual  Fungi
reproduction where the body breaks into  Lichens
two or more parts, with each fragment  Molds
capable of becoming a complete  Worms
individual; in animals, fragmentation is  sea stars
usually followed by regeneration where  acoel flatworms
 the missing parts are produced. For  sponges
example, a lost arm of the starfish may be
regenerated by mitotic cell divisions.
Budding - Type of asexual reproduction  Hydra
where a new individual arises as an  Yeast
outgrowth (bud) from its parent, develops
organs like those of the parent, and then
detaches itself.
Sporulation - Type of asexual  Ferns
reproduction where a new individual forms  Fungi
from an aggregation of cells surrounded  Green Algae
by a resistant capsule or spore, which
later on germinates

3. Summarize the differences between asexual and sexual reproduction

ASEXUAL SEXUAL
REPRODUCTION REPRODUCTION
Number of parents One Two
involved
Gametes No need for gamete union Present; sperm has to
fertilize the egg
Genetic composition of Genetically identical to Generally, are hybrids of
offspring parent (Clone) parents

WHAT’S MORE

1. Identify and Describe the types of life cycles

Types of Life Cycles Description
Haplontic life cycle 1. The multicellular cell is in the
haploid stage while the diploid
stage is a single cell.
2. The zygotic meiosis occurs.
3. Example: Volvox, Spirogyra,
Chlamydomonas.
Diplontic life cycle 1. The multicellular cell is in the
diploid stage.
2. There is the formation of haploid
gametes.
3. The gametic meiosis occurs.
4. Example: Fucus, Gymnosperms,
Angiosperms
Haplodiplontic life cycle 1. The multicellular cell is in the
diploid and haploid stages.
2. The sporic meiosis occurs.
3. Example: Bryophytes,
Pteridophytes.
LESSON 2

WHAT’S NEW

Flower

Leaf
Midrib

Primary Root (Tap Root)

Stem

Side Root (Lateral Root)

Root hair
Letter Part of the plant Function or Job
A Side Root To hold the plant in the soil. Increase the
volume of soil reached by the root, provide
anchorage, and participate in water and
nutrient uptake and transport
B Stem Provide support to the plant, holding leaves,
flowers, and buds; in some cases, stems
also store food for the plant.
C Midrib Midrib helps the leaf to keep in an upright
position, and it also helps to keep the leaf
strong during the wind.
D Flower To carry out sexual reproduction in plants
through the formation of male and female
gametes.
E Leaf To produce food for the plant by
photosynthesis. Chlorophyll, the substance
that gives plants their characteristic green
colour, absorbs light energy.
F Primary Root (Tap Root) To absorb water and dissolved minerals
from the soil. This is crucial as it helps in the
process of photosynthesis.
G Root Hair The main function of root hairs is the uptake
of water and nutrients from the rhizosphere.
WHAT’S MORE

1. Illustrate the steps in the digestive system. Label the organs involved and specify their
functions.

What is digestive system?

The digestive system is made up of

the digestive tract and other organs
that help the body break down and
absorb food. It is a long, twisting tube
that starts at the mouth and goes
through the oesophagus, stomach,
small intestine, large intestine and
anus.

PARTS AND FUNCTIONS OF

DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

Mouth: The mouth is where digestion

begins. Teeth and tongue work
together to chew and break down
food, while saliva moistens and begins
to break down carbohydrates.

Esophagus: The esophagus is a

muscular tube that carries food from
the mouth to the stomach through a
series of contractions called
peristalsis.

Stomach: The stomach is a muscular sac that mixes and grinds food with digestive enzymes
and stomach acid. This creates a thick liquid called chyme that moves on to the small intestine.

Small intestine: The small intestine is where most of the nutrient absorption takes place. The
chyme mixes with digestive enzymes and bile from the liver and pancreas to break down
proteins, carbohydrates, and fats. Nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream through the
small intestine's walls.

Large intestine: The large intestine absorbs water and electrolytes from the remaining chyme,
forming feces that are eliminated from the body through the rectum and anus.

Liver: The liver produces bile that helps break down fats and eliminate waste.
Pancreas: The pancreas produces digestive enzymes that helpaa break down carbohydrates,
proteins, and fats in the small intestine.

STEPS IN DIGESTIVE SYSTEM

Digestion is the process by which food is broken down into smaller components that can be
absorbed and used by the body for energy, growth, and repair. Digestion involves both
mechanical and chemical processes that occur in the digestive system, which is a series of
organs including the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.

The digestive system involves several steps to break down food, extract nutrients, and eliminate
waste. The basic steps of the digestive system are:

Ingestion: The process of taking in food through the mouth.

Mechanical digestion: The process of physically breaking down food into smaller pieces
through chewing in the mouth and churning in the stomach.

Chemical digestion: The process of breaking down food into smaller molecules with the help of
digestive enzymes and stomach acid.

Absorption: The process of absorbing nutrients into the bloodstream through the walls of the
small intestine.

Transport: The movement of food and waste materials through the digestive tract through a
series of muscular contractions called peristalsis.

Elimination: The process of removing waste materials from the body through the rectum and
anus.
 DISASTER READINESS AND RISK REDUCTION

Jared C. Mendez
Grade 11 D. Umali STEM
May 4, 2023
Quarter 4 Week 1

“Investigative essay about Landslides and Sinkholes in Hugo Perez”

Natural disasters like landslides and sinkholes can cause significant damage, especially
to homes, infrastructure, and the environment. In recent years, there have been reported cases
of landslides and sinkholes in various places, causing great damage to affected areas. The town
of Trece Martires is not considered highly prone to landslides and sinkholes due to its
topography. One example is Hugo Perez, which is one of the barangays in Trece Martires that
may or may not be prone to these natural disasters. In this investigative essay, we will find out
which areas in Hugo Perez may be prone to landslides and sinkholes and what preventive
measures should be considered to reduce or prevent damage.

Hugo Perez is a rural area

where the topography includes sloped
and flat areas, which may be prone to
landslides. One of the places in Hugo
Perez that may be prone to landslides
is a bridge called "tulay na bakal" or
Pulunan Bridge, where people take
baths below. It can be said that this
place is prone to landslides because
the area is steep and high due to the
river that divides the place. We know
that one of the reasons for landslides is water that causes erosion. Due to the topography of the
area, it is not unlikely for landslides to occur. Therefore, it is important for the local government
unit (LGU) in the area to take preventive measures to maintain landslide-free surroundings.
Although there is a small possibility because the area is surrounded by trees and plants, which
can help prevent landslides as vegetation can hold the soil in place. Thus, having trees and
plants in landslide-prone areas can be a big help. On the other hand, it can be said that Hugo
Perez is not prone to sinkholes due to its topography, which is like a mountain. However, people
should still be prepared for whatever may cause such natural disasters.

Preventive measures to avoid landslides may include the following:

 Proper land use planning: This involves identifying areas that are prone to landslides
and prohibiting construction in such areas.
  Building retaining walls: Retaining walls can help to prevent soil erosion and landslides
in sloped areas.

 Installation of drainage systems: Proper drainage systems can help to divert water away
from sloped areas, reducing the risk of landslides.

 Regular maintenance of slopes: Regular inspection and maintenance of slopes can help
to identify and address potential hazards before they turn into a major problem.

 Planting vegetation: Planting vegetation on slopes can help to stabilize the soil and
reduce the risk of landslides.

 Building codes: Strict building codes can be put in place to ensure that all construction in
areas prone to landslides is carried out in accordance with safety standards.

 Early warning systems: Early warning systems can be set up to alert people in at-risk
areas of potential landslides, giving them enough time to evacuate to safety.

 It is important to note that these measures may vary depending on the specific location
and type of terrain.

In conclusion, while the town of Trece Martires may not be considered highly prone to
landslides and sinkholes, the possibility of such natural disasters still exists, particularly in areas
such as Hugo Perez where the topography includes sloped and high areas. As such, it is crucial
for the local government unit to take preventive measures such as proper land use planning,
building retaining walls, installing drainage systems, regular maintenance of slopes, planting
vegetation, setting building codes, and establishing early warning systems to reduce or prevent
damage from landslides and other natural disasters. By taking these proactive steps, Hugo
Perez and other areas like it can better safeguard the lives and properties of their residents and
ensure sustainable development for the future.