Unit 2 Dublin School of Grinds Notes 2

6th
Year
Business
Higher Level
Rónán Murdock
Unit 2

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English H Monday 28th March – Friday 1st April 4:00pm - 5:30pm
Biology Course B* H Monday 21st March – Friday 25th March 2:00pm - 3:30pm
Biology Course B* H Monday 28 March – Friday 1 April
th st
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Chemistry Course A* H Monday 28th March – Friday 1st April 12:00pm - 1:30pm SUBJECT LEVEL DATES TIME
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Classical Studies H Monday 21st March – Friday 25th March 8:00am - 9:30am English H Monday 21st March – Friday 25th March 8:00am - 9:30am
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English Paper 2* H Monday 28th March – Friday 1st April 10:00am - 11:30am Irish H Monday 28th March – Friday 1st April 2:00pm - 3:30pm
English Paper 2* H Monday 28th March – Friday 1st April 12:00pm - 1:30pm Maths H Monday 21st March – Friday 25th March 10:00am - 11:30am
French H Monday 21st March – Friday 25th March 10:00am - 11:30am Maths H Monday 21st March – Friday 25th March 12:00pm - 1:30pm
French H Monday 28th March – Friday 1st April 8:00am - 9:30am Maths H Monday 28th March – Friday 1st April 10:00am - 11:30am
Geography H Monday 28th March – Friday 1st April 8:00am - 9:30am Maths O Monday 28th March – Friday 1st April 12:00pm - 1:30pm
Geography H Monday 28th March – Friday 1st April 10:00am - 11:30am Science H Monday 28th March – Friday 1st April 2:00pm - 3:30pm
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st th SUBJECT LEVEL DATES TIME
Irish H Monday 28 March – Friday 1 April

th st
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Physics H Monday 28 March – Friday 1 April
th st
10:00am - 11:30am
Spanish H Monday 21st March – Friday 25th March 2:00pm - 3:30pm
Spanish H Monday 28th March – Friday 1st April 10:00am - 11:30am NOTE: Any bookings for Junior Cert courses will also
receive a weekly grind in one subject for the rest of
*
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these courses, please see 3 pages ahead.
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Unit 2 will not appear in your ABQ question. It will likely be worth about
5% of your Leaving Cert Grade.
Table of Contents
Enterprise ………...……………....…………………………...……….….2
Where could you expect to see Unit 2 in June 2016?
Short Questions 10 Marks

It is very hard to predict
A.B.Q. 0 Marks
how much this Unit could
Long Questions be worth in June.
(it is usually a part of a long question) 30 Marks
Total 40 Marks
What’s important to note about this is that every year the ABQ has been based on Units 3,
4 & 5 Unit 2 has come up as part of a long question in Section 3, Part 2, Question 4.
2011 2006 2001

Short Question 0 Marks 10 Marks 10 Marks
Long Question 20 Marks 20 Marks 0 Marks
Total 20 Marks 30 Marks 10 Marks
© Dublin School of Grinds Page 1 Rónán Murdock

Enterprise
Enterprise à This involves people using their initiative to come up with any ideas that
they can turn into a business.
Who is the entrepreneur and what do they do?

Entrepreneur à A person who sets up a new business and takes on a financial &
personal risk to achieve the main aim of making a profit.
• Their role is setting up new business.

• They take on financial risks – if the business fails they will lose the money they
invested in it.
• They take on personal risks – they risk not having as much time to spend with their
families.
EXAMPLES OF ENTREPRENEURS
Skills/Characteristics of Entrepreneurs

Many enterprising people show the same characteristics:
1. Self-‐Motivation
Entrepreneurs tend to be self-‐ motivated. They want to be successful and expand
their business.
2. Self-‐Confidence
Entrepreneurs tend to be self-‐confident. They believe in their abilities to solve any
problems that the business may face in the future.
3. Risk-‐Takers
Entrepreneurs take risks. If they didn’t they would never set up new businesses.
4. Innovative
Entrepreneurs tend to be innovative. Their business ideas can often exploit
situations to make a profit.
5. Committed
Entrepreneurs tend to be committed. They will work hard at their business idea
until it is realised.
6. Control
Entrepreneurs are often controlling individuals. They want to be in charge of their
affairs and would rather not work for someone else.
7. Realistic
This means that an entrepreneur is realistic and unemotional when making
decisions. Entrepreneurs have common sense.
8. Leadership
This means that an entrepreneur leads by example and motivates the staff. Good
leadership is vital for the smooth running of a business.
9. Stress-‐Management
Setting up and running a business can be both demanding and stressful. To combat
this entrepreneurs must learn to manage stress.
10. Time-‐Management
Entrepreneurs must make effective use of their limited time. They will focus on the
most important tasks before looking at the unimportant ones.
11. Delegation
The entrepreneur cannot do everything in the business. They must delegate tasks
to other workers.
12. Human Relations Management

This involves how the entrepreneur deals with the business’ stakeholders. They
must learn effective human relations management practices.

Enterprise in Action
We see enterprise in action in other places than just business:
1. At home –
2. In school -‐
3. In local community –
4. In government -‐
5. In work -‐
NB à Can you think of examples?
Intrapreneurship
Intrapreneurship à this is where employees within the business act in an enterprising
way for the good of the business.
Why is intrapreneurship so important I hear you ask? Well think about the following 2
examples:
1. The Xbox 360 was developed after Microsoft’s workers saw the success of their
competitor Sony’s PlayStation Console.
2. Gmail and AdSense are the results of Google’s employees’ intrapreneursip.

Importance of Enterprise
For the Individual

1. Employment
Without enterprising people there would be no new businesses and hence no new jobs.
There aren’t too many people who enjoy being on the dole.
For the Business –

2. New Products
Intrapreneurship ensures that many new, innovative goods and services are developed for
sale. This can result in greater profits.
3. Reduce Costs
Enterprise allows business become more efficient. By adopting innovative approaches to
developing products the process can become both cheaper and more efficient.
For Ireland –
4. Improved Balance of Trade
Enterprise allows new businesses to be set up. Many of these businesses are export
focused. Enterprise can be good for Ireland because it can help improve our Balance of
Trade.
5. Tax Revenue for Government

Because of enterprise many new goods and services are developed. Consumer spending
increases which results in the government collecting more revenue through taxes.
For Society –
6. Social Enterprises
These are not-‐for-‐profit organisations which are set up to help local businesses/ people.
You will learn more about such organisations in unit 6.

Past Exam Questions
2013 Section 3 – Question 4(a) – 20 Marks
EducaPrint Ltd is a business publishing schoolbooks in Ireland. John O’Leary, the Production Manager,
suggested introducing some of its traditional print books in eBook format. He wanted to tap into the
improvements in broadband speed and the major developments in mobile devices. The eBooks were
launched onto the market in 2013 to great success. EducaPrint Ltd operated a matrix organisation
structure for the development of the eBook products.
(A) (i) Explain the term ‘intrapreneurship’.

(ii) Outline methods of promoting intrapreneurship in EducaPrint Ltd.
(i) 6 marks (4+2)

(ii) 2 @ 7 marks each (4+2+1)
NB à we will look at intrapreneurship in greater detail in unit 4. This question will be covered there.

2012 Section 1 – Question 1 – 10 Marks
Illustrate your understanding of the term enterprise.
NOTE: if you are asked to illustrate then you are expected to give examples.
No examples = half marks = half a leaving cert = half a life = L

Colm has decided to form a tidy towns committee in his local village and enter the ‘tidiest village’
category of the National Tidy Towns competition in 2013.
Discuss four entrepreneurial skills that Colm will require in developing this local
community initiative.
4 @ 5 marks (2+2+1)

Illustrate the difference between ‘enterprise’ and ‘management’.
2008 Section 3 – Question 4a – 15 Marks

“Being decisive, creative and being prepared to take risks are personal characteristics
often associated with entrepreneurs”.
Discuss these characteristics and support your answer with examples.
3 Characteristics and Examples 3 @ 5 (3+2)

Describe three enterprise skills required of an entrepreneur.
3 @ 5 marks (2 + 3)

Illustrate your understanding of the term ‘entrepreneurship’:
2006 Section 3 – Question 4c – 20 Marks

Using examples, analyse the importance of four different enterprising skills and relate two
to business and two to the community.
4 @ 5 marks (2 + 3)

‘Risk Management’ requires managers to:

Being an ‘Intrapreneur’ involves:
Why did students mess this question up?

Describe your understanding of the term entrepreneurship.
2003 Section 3 – Question 4b – 20 Marks

Identify the personal characteristics normally associated with entrepreneurial business
people.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Enterprising personal characteristics 5 at 4 marks.

Name, example/reason (2 + 2 marks).
Illustrate how entrepreneurial skills might be used to enhance either
(i) The local community or (ii) A Government Department
Entrepreneurial skills contribution 3 at 10 marks (2 + 4 + 4). Relevant to
community or Government Department. Must illustrate.

Distinguish between ‘risk management’ and ‘time management’.
Why did students mess this question up?

Illustrate your understanding of the term ‘intrapreneurship’:

Sample Answers
EducaPrint Ltd is a business publishing schoolbooks in Ireland. John O’Leary, the
Production Manager, suggested introducing some of its traditional print books in eBook
format. He wanted to tap into the improvements in broadband speed and the major
developments in mobile devices. The eBooks were launched onto the market in 2013 to
great success. EducaPrint Ltd operated a matrix organisation structure for the
development of the eBook products.
(A) (i) Explain the term ‘intrapreneurship’.

(ii) Outline methods of promoting intrapreneurship in EducaPrint Ltd.
(i) 6 marks (4+2)

(ii) 2 @ 7 marks each
(4+2+1)
Intrapreneurship
This is where employees in a business act in an enterprising way for the good of the
business. They may come up with ideas for new products or they may find innovative
ways for the business to cut down on costs. Google is a company that promotes
intrapreneurship with great success.
1. Empowerment
This is where employees are given the responsibility for making important decisions
without having to consult with their manager. This gives employees a greater scope for
being innovative and creative. If EducaPrint Ltd. empowered employees the result would
be more intrapreneurship in the business.
2. Financial Rewards
The business owner could offer John O’ Leary a financial reward for being enterprising
and innovative. This would encourage intrapreneurship among other employees in
EducaPrint Ltd.
NB à Notice how the question is worded. If you don’t make a link to EducaPrint Ltd. then you will not
get full marks.

Colm has decided to form a tidy towns committee in his local village and enter the
‘tidiest village’ category of the National Tidy Towns competition in 2013.
Discuss four entrepreneurial skills that Colm will require in developing this local
community initiative.
4 @ 5 marks (2+2+1)
1. Leadership
Colm will have to lead by example in order to motivate people from his village to follow
his example. If people in the local community view him as being a good leader they will be
more likely to work under him and join the tidy towns committee.
To develop this local community initiative Colm will have to use stress management
techniques. He will be attending lots of meetings and dealing with lots of people who may
not agree with him. If he can manage his stress he will stay on top of his game.
Tom will have to delegate some of his tasks to other members on the committee. He will
not be able to do everything as his time is limited. Thus he must make effective use of
what little time he has.

Colm will have to be good at dealing with people. He will have to co-‐operate with the local
council if his tidy towns’ committee is to be a success. Therefore he must employ good
human relations management techniques.
NOTE: these questions aren’t hard. The only hard thing about them are that you must link the text to
your answers. Often the questions on unit 2 in the exam are like mini ABQs.

Using examples, analyse the importance of four different enterprising skills and relate two
to business and two to the community.
4 @ 5 marks (2 + 3)
1. Leadership
This is the ability of an entrepreneur to lead by example and motivate their workers.
Leadership is important for businesses because it promotes both intrapreneurship and a
culture of hard working employees.
Intrapreneurship and committed workers are beneficial to businesses because they result in
new and innovative products.
An entrepreneur setting up a business faces both a financial and personal risk. As a result,
the setting up of a business can be a stressful time.
If an entrepreneur can manage their stress they can stay on top of their game and make
better decisions that help the business increase profits.
The setting up of a social enterprise can be time consuming. Time management is
important for social entrepreneurs as it allows them to focus on completing tasks in order
of their importance. This ensures that local communities can benefit from well-‐functioning
community organisations.

When a social entrepreneur sets up a community organisation they will have to deal with
local councils and the government in an effort to receive funding. If a social entrepreneur
is good at dealing with people the likelihood of the community organisation receiving
funding is increased.
The opposite is true if the entrepreneur’s human relations management is poor. Thus the
community will benefit from an entrepreneur who is good at dealing with people.
NB à this is a harder question than you would initially assume. As you can see my answer was rather
long-‐winded. Make sure you read the question and know that you have to link 2 of the skills with
business and 2 with the community.
NOTE: although this questions asked you to “analyse”, the marking scheme didn’t require an analysis at
the end. This is the only time I’ve seen this happen. Always include a point titled “analysis” at the end of
any question that asks you to analyse something.

ABQ – Past Exam Questions
Illustrate what it means to be an entrepreneur with reference to Atlantic Surf.

(A) (i) Explain the term ‘intrapreneur’.
(ii) Illustrate, using examples from the above text, how ‘intrapreneurship’ benefits
Castlewest Hotel and Conference Centre.
5 marks (3+2)
8 marks (4+4)
7 marks (4+3)
(Separate relevant link for each point)

Illustrate, using examples from the above text, four enterprising characteristics/skills
shown by Liam.
4 Characteristics/Skills
5 Marks each (1+2+2)
(State, Explain, Relevant Link) Separate Relevant link for each
characteristic/skill
(A) Explain, using examples, the enterprising characteristics/skills shown by Tom.
Enterprising Skills /Characteristics (5 at 4 marks) (1 + 1 + 2). Illustration from
text of the ABQ.

(A) Explain with illustrations from the above information, four enterprising skills and/or
characteristics shown by Peter.
Four Enterprising Skills /Characteristics: 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 marks (2 + 2

+ 1). Illustration from text of the ABQ.

(A) Illustrate, from the above information, the enterprising characteristics shown by
Paddy.

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6th

Looking to maximise 2nd Course FREE €295 €295

What do students get at FREE DAILY BUS SERVICE

99 90 minutes of intensive tuition per day for five

Irish H Monday 28 March – Friday 1 April

BUY 1ST COURSE

BOOK EARLY TO AVAIL OF THE SPECIAL OFFER

Where could you expect to see Unit 2 in June 2016?

Short Questions 10 Marks

2011 2006 2001

© Dublin School of Grinds Page 1 Rónán Murdock

Who is the entrepreneur and what do they do?

• Their role is setting up new business.

Skills/Characteristics of Entrepreneurs

12. Human Relations Management

© Dublin School of Grinds Page 3 Rónán Murdock

NB à Can you think of examples?

© Dublin School of Grinds Page 4 Rónán Murdock

For the Individual

For the Business –

5. Tax Revenue for Government

© Dublin School of Grinds Page 5 Rónán Murdock

(A) (i) Explain the term ‘intrapreneurship’.

(i) 6 marks (4+2)

© Dublin School of Grinds Page 6 Rónán Murdock

2011 Section 3 – Question 4(a) – 20 Marks

© Dublin School of Grinds Page 7 Rónán Murdock

2008 Section 3 – Question 4a – 15 Marks

3 Characteristics and Examples 3 @ 5 (3+2)

2007 Section 3 – Question 4a – 15 Marks

3 @ 5 marks (2 + 3)

2006 Section 3 – Question 4c – 20 Marks

4 @ 5 marks (2 + 3)

2005 Section 1 – Question 3 – 10 Marks

© Dublin School of Grinds Page 9 Rónán Murdock

Why did students mess this question up?

2003 Section 3 – Question 4a – 10 Marks

2003 Section 3 – Question 4b – 20 Marks

Enterprising personal characteristics 5 at 4 marks.

© Dublin School of Grinds Page 11 Rónán Murdock

Why did students mess this question up?

1999 Section 1 – Question 1 – 10 Marks

© Dublin School of Grinds Page 12 Rónán Murdock

(A) (i) Explain the term ‘intrapreneurship’.

(i) 6 marks (4+2)

© Dublin School of Grinds Page 13 Rónán Murdock

4. Human Relations Management

© Dublin School of Grinds Page 14 Rónán Murdock

4 @ 5 marks (2 + 3)

4. Human Relations Management

© Dublin School of Grinds Page 15 Rónán Murdock

2010 Section 2 – Question 1(a) – 30 Marks

2009 Section 2 – Question 1(a) – 20 Marks

2004 Section 2 – Question 1(a) – 20 Marks

Four Enterprising Skills /Characteristics: 5 + 5 + 5 + 5 marks (2 + 2

2000 Section 2 – Question 1(a) – 20 Marks

© Dublin School of Grinds Page 17 Rónán Murdock

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