REFERENCING IN APA STYLE

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 REFERENCING IN APA STYLE

• What is referencing?
• Why is referencing important?
• How can I avoid plagiarism?
• Citing properly
• Paraphrasing
• Use software tools like Turnitin

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 REFERENCING IN APA STYLE

• In-text citations are citations that you add

within your essay. There are 2 different styles:
1) Name citation:
Example: Thompson (2005)
• Author’s last name(year) found that...

Note: You don’t need to include the year in a subsequent

name citation within the same paragraph (APA, 2009, p.
174).
Example: Thompson (2005) found that kids are amazing.
Thompson also showed that….. 3
2) Parenthetical citation: Note the
parenthesis &
• (Author, year) the comma!

Example: It was argued that the increase of eating

disorders is the result of the media portrayals of beauty
(Thompson, 2005).

Note: When you use a parenthetical citation (as above)

you need to include the year in subsequent citations
within the same paragraph (APA, 2009, p. 174).

Example: It was argued that the increase of eating

disorders is the result of the media portrayals of beauty
(Thompson, 2005). Thompson (2005) also found
that……
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 WHEN THERE ARE 2 AUTHORS
Note the
use of
Name citation Parenthetical citation “and”
• Author A and Author B (year) • (Author A & Author B, year) “&”

Example:
Thompson and Douglas
(2005) found that….
Note:You must always cite both
authors
Example:
It was argued that the increase of
eating disorders is the result of the
media portrayals of beauty
(Thompson & Douglass, 2005).
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 WHEN THERE ARE 3-5 AUTHORS

• Name citations and parenthetical citations vary

depending if it is cited several times within the text:

First time you cite it: cite all authors
Parenthetical: (Booth, Colomb, &
Williams, 1995)
Name: Booth, Colomb, and Williams
(1995) suggested…..
Second & subsequent citations:
Cite first author and then add et al.
(with a full stop at the end)
Parenthetical: (Booth et al., 1995)
Name: Booth et al. (1995)

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WHEN THERE ARE 6 OR MORE AUTHORS

• Cite only first author followed by et al. in

all citations within the text. Note the
punctuation
• Name: Author A et al. (year)
• Parenthetical: (Author A et al., year)

Allport et al. (2015)

(Allport et al., 2015)

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 CITING SPECIFIC PARTS OF A SOURCE

• To cite a specific part of a source, indicate the

page number, chapter, figure, table or equation at
the appropriate point in the text.

Allport et al. (2015, p. 10)

(Allport et al., 2015, p. 10)

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CITING MULTIPLE SOURCES WITHIN THE SAME
PARENTHESIS

• Order the citations alphabetically (the same as

they appear in the reference list) and separate
citations by a semicolon:

(Cox, 1994; Ekman et al., 2001; Frank, 2005)

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 REFERENCE LIST

• Is not the same as a bibliography

• If you cited it within the text then you must list it!
• Separate page with level 1 Heading (i.e., centred and
not in bold, sentence case)
• Alphabetical order
• Hanging indent
• Formatting changes depending on the type of source

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 REFERENCE LIST & TYPES OF SOURCES

• Book:

Author, A. A., & Author B. B. (Year). Title

of work. Location: Publisher.

Nelson, D. L., & Cox, M. M. (2005).

Principles of biochemistry (4th
ed.). New York: Freeman.

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 BOOK CHAPTER

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year). Title of chapter. In A.

Editor, B. Editor, & C. Editor (Eds.), Title of book (pp.
xxx-xxx). Location: Publisher.

Rospond, R. M. (2003). Pain assessment. In R. M. Jones & R. M. Rospond

(Eds.), Patient assessment in pharmacy practice (pp. 160–170).
Baltimore: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.

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 JOURNAL ARTICLE WITH DOI

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year). Title of article. Title of

Periodical, xx(issue), pp-pp. doi:xxx.xxxxx

Vrij, A., Akehurst, L., & Knight, S. (2006). Police officers', social
workers', teachers' and the general public's beliefs about
deception in children, adolescents and adults. Legal and
Criminological Psychology, 11(2), 297-312. doi:
10.1348/135532505X60816

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 JOURNAL ARTICLE WITHOUT DOI

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year). Title of article. Title of

Periodical, xx(issue), pp-pp.

DePaulo, B. M., & Stone, J. I. (1985). Telling lies. Journal of

Social Psychology, 2(1), 12-34.

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 QUIZ

1. Which one is the correct format for a journal article without

DOI?
a) Briggs, B. (2007). Note taking and official police notebooks. Policing
Issues and Practice Journal, 15(1), 14-16.
b) Briggs, B. (2007). Note taking and official police notebooks. Policing
Issues and Practice Journal, 15(1), 14-16.
c) Briggs, B. (2007), "Note Taking and Official Police Notebooks" in
Policing Issues and Practice Journal,15(1), 14-16
d) Briggs, B. (2007). Note Taking and Official Police Notebooks. "Policing
Issues and Practice Journal", Vol 15, No. 1, pp. 14-16.
e) Briggs, B., (2007). Note Taking and Official Police Notebooks. Policing
Issues and Practice Journal, 15(1), 14-16.

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 QUIZ

2) Which one is the correct format for a book reference?

a) Swan, Michael. (2005). Practical English usage (3rd ed.).
Oxford: Oxford University Press.
b) Swan, M (2005). Practical English usage (3rd ed). Oxford:
Oxford University Press.
c) Swan, M. (2005). Practical English usage (3rd ed.). Oxford.
d) Swan, M. (2005). Practical English usage (3rd ed.). Oxford:
Oxford University Press.
e) Swan, M. Practical English Usage (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford
University Press, 2005.

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REMEMBER!

• APA quiz due Sunday 4th August.

• 45 minutes
• 20 MCQs (5%)
• Required readings:
• APA guide from CSU
• APA writing and referencing guide (link
available on Interact2) tutorials “Basics of APA
style” and “The reference list”
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