Genetics Chapter 6: Matters of Sex

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Terms in this set (29)

During the 5th week of Indifferent gonads and Reproductive ducts

prenatal development, all
embryos develop

Mullerian Female-specific

Wolffian Male-specific

An embryo developed as a Absence or presence of the Y chromosome

male or female based on
the

SRY gene Sex-determining region of the Y chromosome

Human males are the _______ Heterogametic, with different sex

sex chromosomes (XY)

Human females are the Homogametic, with the same sex

_______ sex chromosomes (XX)`

Contains > 1,500 genes and is larger than the

X Chromosome
Y chromosome
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Contains 231 genes and 2/3 is

Y Chromosome
heterochromatin

Encodes a transcription factor protein,

The SRY Gene does the
Controls the expression of other genes, and
following:
Stimulates male development
:
 The condition (as that occurring in androgen
insensitivity syndrome) of having the gonads
Pseudohermaphroditism and karyotype of one sex and external
genitalia that is of the other sex or is
ambiguous

Transmitted male to male

Y-linked Traits No affected females
Involve infertility and are not transmitted

X+X+ Homozygous wild-type female

X+Xm Heterozygous female carrier

XmXm Homozygous mutant female

X+Y Hemizygous wild-type male

XmY Hemizygous mutant male

Always expressed in the male

Expressed in a female homozygote but rarely
in heterozygote
X-linked Recessive Traits Passed from heterozygote or homozygote
affected mother to son
Affected female has an affected father and a
mother who is affected or a heterozygote

Ichthyosis
X-linked Recessive Traits Color-blindness
Hemophilia A
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Expressed in female in one copy

Much more severe effects in males
X-linked Dominant Traits High rates of miscarriage
Passed from father to all daughters, but not
to sons
:
 Autosomal traits that affect a structure or
Sex-Limited Traits
function occuring only in one sex

Autosomal traits in which the phenotype

expressed by a heterozygote is influenced by
Sex-Influenced Traits
sex - the allele is dominant in one sex but not
in the other

An example of a Sex- Pattern baldness in humans - a heterozygous

Influenced Trait would be male is, but a female is not

Balances the X inequality among humans by

X inactivation
randomly inactivating an X in each cell

the X chromosome that is deleted from X

Barr body
inactivation

During the 5th week of X Inactivation

prenatal development, all
embryos go through

An inherited change that does not alter the

Epigentic change
DNA base sequence

A female that expressed the phenotype

Manifesting Heterozygote
corresponding to an X-linked gene

X inactivation is obvious in Calico Cats

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